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Inoue DS, Janini Gomes M. Integrative insights into PNI: Low-grade chronic inflammation, skeletal muscle wasting, and brain impairments. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 40:100838. [PMID: 39228969 PMCID: PMC11369383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has been recognized as an endocrine organ which communicates with different systems, including the brain. In conditions involving systemic low-grade chronic inflammation , the skeletal muscle can be negatively impacted, culminating in its quantity (mass) and quality (function) losses, referred to here as muscle wasting. The inflammatory milieu, as well known, also impairs the brain function, however there are some particularities involving skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk, including cognitive function and mental health impairments . Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is an important field of neuroendocrine-immune-behavior science and an approach between PNI, and the movement science, or kinesiology, field can enrich future research about the relationship between skeletal muscle wasting and brain health. Thus, in this short review, we present an overview about the interplay between skeletal muscle, inflammatory mediator markers, and brain function with the purpose to strengthen the ties between kinesiology and PNI research to enhance futures discoveries and advances in health sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sayuri Inoue
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management of College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Mariana Janini Gomes
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management of College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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2
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Grima-Terrén M, Campanario S, Ramírez-Pardo I, Cisneros A, Hong X, Perdiguero E, Serrano AL, Isern J, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Muscle aging and sarcopenia: The pathology, etiology, and most promising therapeutic targets. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 100:101319. [PMID: 39312874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive muscle wasting disorder that severely impacts the quality of life of elderly individuals. Although the natural aging process primarily causes sarcopenia, it can develop in response to other conditions. Because muscle function is influenced by numerous changes that occur with age, the etiology of sarcopenia remains unclear. However, recent characterizations of the aging muscle transcriptional landscape, signaling pathway disruptions, fiber and extracellular matrix compositions, systemic metabolomic and inflammatory responses, mitochondrial function, and neurological inputs offer insights and hope for future treatments. This review will discuss age-related changes in healthy muscle and our current understanding of how this can deteriorate into sarcopenia. As our elderly population continues to grow, we must understand sarcopenia and find treatments that allow individuals to maintain independence and dignity throughout an extended lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Grima-Terrén
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Silvia Campanario
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ramírez-Pardo
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Andrés Cisneros
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Xiaotong Hong
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | - Antonio L Serrano
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joan Isern
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA; Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
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3
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Afanador-Restrepo DF, Casanova-Correa A, Martín-Ojeda RI, Aibar-Almazán A, González-Martín AM, Hita-Contreras F, Del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile M, Castellote-Caballero Y. Dose-response relationship of high-intensity training on global cognition in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review with meta-analysis - the ACHIEVE-Study. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2024; 21:23. [PMID: 39285266 PMCID: PMC11407012 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-024-00358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subsequent progression to dementia has increased progression to dementia has increased worldwide, making it a topic of interest. of interest, and it has been observed that approximately 23% of cases are avoidable through preventable through vigorous exercise. METHODS A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted by searching in the PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases. For inclusion, studies had to incorporate High Intensity Training (HIT) as a primary or significant component of the overall intervention for older adults with MCI. Out of the 611 articles identified, 14 randomized clinical trials met the criteria for inclusion in the review. RESULTS Fourteen trials were included in the systematic review, and seven were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 1839 participants were included in the studies, with 1014 receiving a high-intensity training-based intervention, and 998 were considered in the meta-analysis. Compared to usual care or sedentary activities, the high-intensity training interventions had a positive effect on cognition, either improving it or delaying the decline (g = 0.710 (95% CI: 0.191 - 1.229; p = 0.007). Additionally, the meta-analysis determined that a frequency of 3 sessions per week (g = 0.964, CI = 0.091 - 1.837, p = 0.030) of approximately 60 minutes (g = 0.756, CI = 0.052 - 1.460, p = 0.035) each was the best dose to obtain better effects on global cognition. CONCLUSION Low-frequency and short-duration high-intensity training interventions are sufficient to improve or at least delay the decline in global cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, 23071, Spain.
| | - Ana María González-Martín
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
| | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
| | - Yolanda Castellote-Caballero
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, 23071, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
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Li J, Jiang C, Wu L, Tian J, Zhang B. Dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia in American adults. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1449980. [PMID: 39328467 PMCID: PMC11426168 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1449980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigates the associations between dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia among American adults. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 19,696 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the periods 1999-2006 and 2011-2018. Appendicular muscle mass, assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and adjusted for body mass index, was used as a marker for sarcopenia. Dietary selenium intake was evaluated using the 24-h dietary recall system, and the study accounted for the complex sampling methodology and incorporated dietary sample weights in the analysis. Results Among the 19,696 participants, the prevalence of sarcopenia was found to be 8.46%. When compared to the lowest quintile of dietary selenium intake (Q1, < 80.10 μg/day), the odds ratios for sarcopenia in the second quintile (Q2, 80.10-124.61 μg/day) and the third quintile (Q3, >124.61 μg/day) were 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70-0.92, p = 0.002] and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.51-0.73, p < 0.001), respectively. A negative relationship was observed between dietary selenium intake and sarcopenia (non-linear: p = 0.285). Furthermore, sensitivity analyses revealed a robust association between selenium intake and the prevalence of sarcopenia after further adjusting for blood selenium levels. Conclusion The results suggest an inverse association between dietary selenium intake and the prevalence of sarcopenia among American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfen Li
- Department of General Practice, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chaohui Jiang
- Department of Hematopathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Lingfeng Wu
- Department of General Practice, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jiangyan Tian
- Department of General Practice, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Cuijpers I, Dohmen CGM, Bouwman FG, Troost FJ, Sthijns MMJPE. Hesperetin but not ellagic acid increases myosin heavy chain expression and cell fusion in C2C12 myoblasts in the presence of oxidative stress. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1377071. [PMID: 39285862 PMCID: PMC11402829 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1377071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle regeneration is impaired in elderly. An oxidative stress-induced decrease in differentiation capacity of muscle satellite cells is a key factor in this process. The aim of this study is to investigate whether orange polyphenol hesperetin and pomegranate polyphenol ellagic acid enhance myoblast differentiation in the presence and absence of oxidative stress, and to explore underlying mechanisms. Methods C2C12 myoblasts were proliferated for 24 h and differentiated for 120 h while exposed to hesperetin (5, 20, 50 μM), ellagic acid (0.05, 0.1 μM) or a combination (20 μM hesperetin, 0.05 μM ellagic acid) with and without oxidative stress-inducing compound menadione (9 μM) during 24 h of proliferation and during the first 5 h of differentiation. The number of proliferating cells was assessed using fluorescent labeling of incorporated 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine. Myosin heavy chain expression was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and cell fusion index was calculated. Furthermore, protein expression of phosphorylated p38 and myomixer were assessed using Western blot. Results None of the compounds induced effects on cell proliferation. Without menadione, 50 μM hesperetin increased fusion index by 12.6% compared to control (p < 0.01), while ellagic acid did not affect measured parameters of differentiation. Menadione treatment did not change myosin heavy chain expression and fusion index. In combination with menadione, 20 μM hesperetin increased myosin heavy chain expression by 35% (p < 0.01) and fusion index by 7% (p = 0.04) compared to menadione. Furthermore, the combination of menadione with hesperetin and ellagic acid increased myosin heavy chain expression by 35% compared to menadione (p = 0.02). Hesperetin and ellagic acid did not change p38 phosphorylation and myomixer expression compared to control, while treatment with menadione increased p38 phosphorylation (p < 0.01) after 5 h and decreased myomixer expression (p = 0.04) after 72 h of differentiation. Conclusion and discussion Hesperetin increased myosin heavy chain expression in the presence of oxidative stress induced by menadione, and increased cell fusion both in the presence and absence of menadione. Ellagic acid did not affect the measured parameters of myoblast differentiation. Therefore, hesperetin should be considered as nutritional prevention or treatment strategy to maintain muscle function in age-related diseases such as sarcopenia. Future research should focus on underlying mechanisms and translation of these results to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Cuijpers
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Colin G M Dohmen
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Freek G Bouwman
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Freddy J Troost
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
| | - Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
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Iannuzzo F, Schiano E, Pastore A, Guerra F, Tenore GC, Novellino E, Stornaiuolo M. Controlled Cultivation Confers Rhodiola rosea Synergistic Activity on Muscle Cell Homeostasis, Metabolism and Antioxidant Defense in Primary Human Myoblasts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1000. [PMID: 39199244 PMCID: PMC11351949 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13081000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. is recognized for its adaptogenic properties and ability to promote muscle health, function and recovery from exercise. The plethora of biological effects of this plant is ascribed to the synergism existing among the molecules composing its phytocomplex. In this manuscript, we analyze the activity of a bioactive fraction extracted from Rhodiola rosea L. controlled cultivation. Biological assays were performed on human skeletal myoblasts and revealed that the extract is able to modulate in vitro expression of transcription factors, namely Pax7 and myoD, involved in muscle differentiation and recovery. The extract also promotes ROS scavenging, ATP production and mitochondrial respiration. Untargeted metabolomics further reveals that the mechanism underpinning the plant involves the synergistic interconnection between antioxidant enzymes and the folic/acid polyamine pathway. Finally, by examining the phytochemical profiles of the extract, we identify the specific combination of secondary plant metabolites contributing to muscle repair, recovery from stress and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortuna Iannuzzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara G. D’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Schiano
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy; (E.S.); (F.G.); (E.N.)
| | - Arianna Pastore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Fabrizia Guerra
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy; (E.S.); (F.G.); (E.N.)
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.T.)
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy; (E.S.); (F.G.); (E.N.)
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 59, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.P.); (G.C.T.)
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7
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Junqueira A, Gomes MJ, Lima ARR, Pontes THD, Rodrigues EA, Damatto FC, Depra I, Paschoareli GL, Pagan LU, Fernandes AAH, Oliveira-Jr SA, Pacagnelli FL, Okoshi MP, Okoshi K. Effects of concurrent training and N-acetylcysteine supplementation on cardiac remodeling and oxidative stress in middle-aged spontaneously hypertensive rats. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:409. [PMID: 39103770 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the effects of concurrent isolated training (T) or training combined with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on cardiac remodeling and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Six-month-old male SHR were divided into sedentary (S, n = 12), concurrent training (T, n = 13), sedentary supplemented with NAC (SNAC, n = 13), and concurrent training with NAC supplementation (TNAC, n = 14) groups. T and TNAC rats were trained three times a week on a treadmill and ladder; NAC supplemented groups received 120 mg/kg/day NAC in rat chow for eight weeks. Myocardial antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid hydroperoxide concentration were assessed by spectrophotometry. Gene expression of NADPH oxidase subunits Nox2, Nox4, p22 phox, and p47 phox was evaluated by real time RT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Bonferroni or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn. RESULTS Echocardiogram showed concentric remodeling in TNAC, characterized by increased relative wall thickness (S 0.40 ± 0.04; T 0.39 ± 0.03; SNAC 0.40 ± 0.04; TNAC 0.43 ± 0.04 *; * p < 0.05 vs T and SNAC) and diastolic posterior wall thickness (S 1.50 ± 0.12; T 1.52 ± 0.10; SNAC 1.56 ± 0.12; TNAC 1.62 ± 0.14 * mm; * p < 0.05 vs T), with improved contractile function (posterior wall shortening velocity: S 39.4 ± 5.01; T 36.4 ± 2.96; SNAC 39.7 ± 3.44; TNAC 41.6 ± 3.57 * mm/s; * p < 0.05 vs T). Myocardial lipid hydroperoxide concentration was lower in NAC treated groups (S 210 ± 48; T 182 ± 43; SNAC 159 ± 33 *; TNAC 110 ± 23 *# nmol/g tissue; * p < 0.05 vs S, # p < 0.05 vs T and SNAC). Nox 2 and p22 phox expression was higher and p47 phox lower in T than S [S 1.37 (0.66-1.66); T 0.78 (0.61-1.04) *; SNAC 1.07 (1.01-1.38); TNAC 1.06 (1.01-1.15) arbitrary units; * p < 0.05 vs S]. NADPH oxidase subunits did not differ between TNAC, SNAC, and S groups. CONCLUSION N-acetylcysteine supplementation alone reduces oxidative stress in untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats. The combination of N-acetylcysteine and concurrent exercise further decreases oxidative stress. However, the lower oxidative stress does not translate into improved cardiac remodeling and function in untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Junqueira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
- Physiotherapy Department, University of Western Sao Paulo, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariana J Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline R R Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Thierres H D Pontes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Eder A Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe C Damatto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Depra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Paschoareli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana U Pagan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana A H Fernandes
- Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Francis L Pacagnelli
- Physiotherapy Department, University of Western Sao Paulo, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina P Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Lee DH, Lee HJ, Yang G, Kim DY, Kim JU, Yook TH, Lee JH, Kim HJ. A novel treatment strategy targeting cellular pathways with natural products to alleviate sarcopenia. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39099170 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a condition marked by a significant reduction in muscle mass and strength, primarily due to the aging process, which critically impacts muscle protein dynamics, metabolic functions, and overall physical functionality. This condition leads to increased body fat and reduced daily activity, contributing to severe health issues and a lower quality of life among the elderly. Recognized in the ICD-10-CM only in 2016, sarcopenia lacks definitive treatment options despite its growing prevalence and substantial social and economic implications. Given the aging global population, addressing sarcopenia has become increasingly relevant and necessary. The primary causes include aging, cachexia, diabetes, and nutritional deficiencies, leading to imbalances in protein synthesis and degradation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hormonal changes. Exercise remains the most effective intervention, but it is often impractical for individuals with limited mobility, and pharmacological options such as anabolic steroids and myostatin inhibitors are not FDA-approved and are still under investigation. This review is crucial as it examines the potential of natural products as a novel treatment strategy for sarcopenia, targeting multiple mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. By exploring natural products' multi-targeted effects, this study aims to provide innovative and practical solutions for sarcopenia management. Therefore, this review indicates significant improvements in muscle mass and function with the use of specific natural compounds, suggesting promising alternatives for those unable to engage in regular physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hee Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gabsik Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yong Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Uk Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Han Yook
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
- Da Capo Co., Ltd., Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
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Degl'Innocenti A, Braccia C, Genchi GG, di Leo N, Leoncino L, Catalano F, Armirotti A, Ciofani G. Proteome Alterations and Nucleosome Activation in Rat Myoblasts Treated with Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:29226-29233. [PMID: 39005815 PMCID: PMC11238203 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a widespread causative agent of disease. Together with its general relevance for biomedicine, such a dynamic is recognizably detrimental to space exploration. Among other solutions, cerium oxide nanoparticles (or nanoceria, NC) display a long-lasting, self-renewable antioxidant activity. In a previous experiment, we evaluated oxidative imbalance in rat myoblasts in space, aboard the International Space Station, and unveiled possible protective effects from NC through RNA sequencing. Here, we focus on the myoblast response to NC on land by means of proteomics, defining a list of proteins that putatively react to NC and confirming nucleosomes/histones as likely mediators of its molecular action. The proteomics data set we present here and its counterpart from the space study share four factors. These are coherently either up- (Hist1h4b) or down-regulated (Gnl3, Mtdh, Trip12) upon NC exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Degl'Innocenti
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Center for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa 56025, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Polyclinic Hospital Santa Maria alle Scotte, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Mario Bracci 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Clarissa Braccia
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Giada Graziana Genchi
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Center for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa 56025, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Nicoletta di Leo
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Center for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa 56025, Italy
| | - Luca Leoncino
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Center for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa 56025, Italy
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Al-Taie A, Arueyingho O, Khoshnaw J, Hafeez A. Clinical outcomes of multidimensional association of type 2 diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 and sarcopenia: an algorithm and scoping systematic evaluation. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:342-360. [PMID: 35704400 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2086265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to provide a scoping and comprehensive review for the clinical outcomes from the cross-link of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), COVID-19, and sarcopenia. METHODS By using PRISMA guidelines and searching through different databases that could provide findings of evidence on the association of T2DM, COVID-19, and sarcopenia. RESULTS Thirty-three studies reported a relationship between sarcopenia with T2DM, twenty-one studies reported the prognosis COVID-19 in patients with T2DM, ten studies reported the prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with sarcopenia, five studies discussed the outcomes of sarcopenia in patients with COVID-19, and one study reported sarcopenia outcomes in the presence of T2DM and COVID-19. CONCLUSION There is an obvious multidimensional relationship between T2DM, COVID-19 and sarcopenia which can cause prejudicial effects, poor prognosis, prolonged hospitalisation, lowered quality of life and a higher mortality rate during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar Al-Taie
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oritsetimeyin Arueyingho
- EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Digital Health and Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jalal Khoshnaw
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Girne American University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Nazari T, Moodi M, Fakhrzadeh H, Khodabakhshi H, Khorashadizadeh M, Arzaghi SM, Shoaee S, Varmaghani M, Ejtahed HS, Sharifi F. The association of depressive symptoms with handgrip strength and gait speed in community-dwelling older adults: data from the baseline phase of Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:393. [PMID: 38702602 PMCID: PMC11069203 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a multifaceted condition with a high prevalence and burden to society. Handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) are indices of physical health, which is linked to mental health. Previous studies have shown heterogeneity among countries in the association of physical parameters and depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of HGS and GS with depressive symptoms in older adults. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study analyzing data from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study, a cohort of community-dwelling older adults (≥ 60 years old). Depressive symptoms were assessed by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire. HGS was measured with a hand dynamometer in a sitting position, and GS was estimated by a 15-foot walk test at usual pace. RESULTS Compared to participants in the first quartile, those in the second quartile of HGS had significantly lower odds of suffering from depressive symptoms, while GS was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms. A higher HGS was associated with a lower risk of moderate depressive symptoms, while a higher GS was related to a lower risk of moderately severe and severe symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that older people residing in Birjand, Iran with a moderate HGS are less likely to suffer from depressive symptoms than those with lower HGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nazari
- Department of Medical Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Moodi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hossein Fakhrzadeh
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Huriye Khodabakhshi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Khorashadizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Arzaghi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shervan Shoaee
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Varmaghani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Prajapati P, Kumar A, Mangrulkar S, Chaple DR, Saraf SA, Kushwaha S. Azilsartan prevents muscle loss and fast- to slow-twitch muscle fiber shift in natural ageing sarcopenic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:342-360. [PMID: 38118126 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a musculoskeletal disease that reduces muscle mass and strength in older individuals. The study investigates the effects of azilsartan (AZL) on skeletal muscle loss in natural sarcopenic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 4-6 months and 18-21 months were selected as young-matched control and natural-aged (sarcopenic) rats, respectively. Rats were allocated into young and old control (YC and OC) and young and old AZL treatment (YT and OT) groups, which received vehicles and AZL (8 mg/kg, orally) for 6 weeks. Rats were then sacrificed after muscle function analysis. Serum and gastrocnemius (GN) muscles were isolated for further endpoints. AZL significantly improved muscle grip strength and antioxidant levels in sarcopenic rats. AZL also restored the levels of insulin, testosterone, and muscle biomarkers such as myostatin and creatinine kinase in sarcopenic rats. Furthermore, AZL treatment improved the cellular and ultrastructure of GN muscle and prevented the shift of type II (glycolytic) myofibers to type I (oxidative) myofibers. The results showed that AZL intervention restored protein synthesis in natural sarcopenic rats by increasing p-Akt-1 and decreasing muscle RING-finger protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha immunoexpressions. In conclusion, the present findings showed that AZL could be an effective intervention in treating age-related muscle impairments.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Sarcopenia/prevention & control
- Sarcopenia/metabolism
- Sarcopenia/drug therapy
- Sarcopenia/pathology
- Male
- Oxadiazoles/pharmacology
- Oxadiazoles/therapeutic use
- Aging/drug effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Rats
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/pathology
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/pathology
- Muscle Strength/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Myostatin/metabolism
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Anand Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Shubhada Mangrulkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur 441002, India
| | - D R Chaple
- Priyadarshini J.L. College of Pharmacy, Electronic Zone Building, MIDC Hingna Road, Nagpur 440016, India
| | - Shubhini A Saraf
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow 226002, India
| | - Sapana Kushwaha
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Raebareli (NIPER-R), Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow 226002, India
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13
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Takahashi R, Nojiri H, Ohara Y, Fujiwara T, Ishijima M. Decreased grip strength is associated with paraspinal muscular oxidative stress in female lumbar degenerative disease patients. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 38650087 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the relationship between superoxide dismutase 2-related oxidative stress in the paraspinal muscles and spinal alignment, clinical skeletal muscle parameters, and mitochondrial function. Multifidus muscle samples from patients who underwent posterior lumbar surgery were analyzed. Patients with diseases affecting oxidative stress and spinal alignment were excluded. The superoxide dismutase 2 redox index was defined as the ratio of reactive oxygen species (superoxide) to antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 2) and was used as an index of oxidative stress. Patients were divided into two groups based on the superoxide dismutase 2 redox index. Spinal alignment, clinical skeletal muscle parameters, and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) mean grayscale value were compared between the groups, with analyzes for both sexes. Multiple regression analyzes were used to adjust for the confounding effect of age on variables showing a significant difference between the two groups. Thirty-five patients with lumbar degenerative diseases were included. No significant differences were observed between the two groups for any of the parameters in males; however, females with a higher superoxide dismutase 2 redox index had greater lumbar lordosis, lower grip strength, and higher SDH mean grayscale value than those with a lower index. Multiple regression analyzes revealed that the superoxide dismutase 2 redox index was an independent explanatory variable for lumbar lordosis, grip strength, and SDH mean grayscale value in female patients. In conclusion, superoxide dismutase 2-related oxidative stress in the paraspinal muscles was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased grip strength in female lumbar degenerative disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Nojiri
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukoh Ohara
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fujiwara
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Medicine for Orthopaedics and Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Spine and Spinal Cord Center, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Ramos TL, de Sousa Fernandes MS, da Silva Fidélis DE, Jurema Santos GC, Albuquerque RB, Ferreira DJS, de Souza RF, Badicu G, Yagin FH, Yagin B, Alwhaibi RM, Souto FO, Lagranha CJ. The impact of enriched environments on cerebral oxidative balance in rodents: a systematic review of environmental variability effects. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1366747. [PMID: 38665291 PMCID: PMC11043487 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1366747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present review aimed to systematically summarize the impacts of environmental enrichment (EE) on cerebral oxidative balance in rodents exposed to normal and unfavorable environmental conditions. Methods In this systematic review, four databases were used: PubMed (830 articles), Scopus (126 articles), Embase (127 articles), and Science Direct (794 articles). Eligibility criteria were applied based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study (PICOS) strategy to reduce the risk of bias. The searches were carried out by two independent researchers; in case of disagreement, a third participant was requested. After the selection and inclusion of articles, data related to sample characteristics and the EE protocol (time of exposure to EE, number of animals, and size of the environment) were extracted, as well as data related to brain tissues and biomarkers of oxidative balance, including carbonyls, malondialdehyde, nitrotyrosine, oxygen-reactive species, and glutathione (reduced/oxidized). Results A total of 1,877 articles were found in the four databases, of which 16 studies were included in this systematic review. The results showed that different EE protocols were able to produce a global increase in antioxidant capacity, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, which are the main factors for the neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system (CNS) subjected to unfavorable conditions. Furthermore, it was possible to notice a slowdown in neural dysfunction associated with oxidative damage, especially in the prefrontal structure in mice. Discussion In conclusion, EE protocols were determined to be valid tools for improving oxidative balance in the CNS. The global decrease in oxidative stress biomarkers indicates refinement in reactive oxygen species detoxification, triggering an improvement in the antioxidant network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Lacerda Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Débora Eduarda da Silva Fidélis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Renata B. Albuquerque
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Braşov, Braşov, Romania
| | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Burak Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Reem M. Alwhaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fabrício Oliveira Souto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Instituto Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Claúdia Jacques Lagranha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
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15
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Mohabbat M, Arazi H. Effect of resistance training plus enriched probiotic supplement on sestrin2, oxidative stress, and mitophagy markers in elderly male Wistar rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7744. [PMID: 38565633 PMCID: PMC10987664 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of resistance training combined with a probiotic supplement enriched with vitamin D and leucine on sestrin2, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, and mitophagy markers in aged Wistar rats. Thirty-five male rats were randomly assigned to two age groups (old with 18-24 months of age and young with 8-12 weeks of age) and then divided into five groups, including (1) old control (OC: n = 5 + 2 for reserve in all groups), (2) young control (YC: n = 5), (3) old resistance training (OR: n = 5), (4) old resistance training plus supplement (ORS: n = 5), and old supplement group (OS: n = 5). Training groups performed ladder climbing resistance training 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Training intensity was inserted progressively, with values equal to 65, 75, and 85, determining rats' maximal carrying load capacity. Each animal made 5 to 8 climbs in each training session, and the time of each climb was between 12 and 15 s, although the time was not the subject of the evaluation, and the climbing pattern was different in the animals. Old resistance plus supplement and old supplement groups received 1 ml of supplement 5 times per week by oral gavage in addition to standard feeding, 1 to 2 h post training sessions. Forty-eight hours after the end of the training program, 3 ml of blood samples were taken, and all rats were then sacrificed to achieve muscle samples. After 8 weeks of training, total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity levels increased in both interventions. A synergistic effect of supplement with resistance training was observed for total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and PTEN-induced kinase 1. Sestrin 2 decreased in intervention groups. These results suggest that resistance training plus supplement can boost antioxidant defense and mitophagy while potentially decreasing muscle strength loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mohabbat
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 41635-1438, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamid Arazi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 41635-1438, Rasht, Iran.
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16
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Mustafa YF. Harmful Free Radicals in Aging: A Narrative Review of Their Detrimental Effects on Health. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:154-167. [PMID: 38577147 PMCID: PMC10987461 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The production of harmful free radicals (H-FRs), especially those with oxygen or nitrogen atoms, depends on both internal and environmental causes. The negative effects of H-FRs are greatly alleviated by antioxidant protection. The harmful impact of oxidative stress, or OS, is brought on by a disparity between the defense mechanisms of the body and the creation of H-FRs. Aging is characterized by a slow decline in tissue and organ competence. Age-mediated pathologies start as an aberrant accumulation of H-FRs, which inhibit cells' capacity to divide, repair, and operate, based on the OS theorem of aging. The natural outcome of this situation is apoptosis. These conditions may include skeletal muscle dysfunction, cancer, cardiovascular, chronic hepatitis, chronic renal, and chronic pulmonary disorders. Given the substantial role that OS plays in the progression of many of these illnesses, antioxidant-based therapy may have a favorable impact on how these diseases progress. To ascertain the true efficacy of this therapy strategy, more research is necessary. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the literature on this challenging issue that is attracting interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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17
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Takase M, Yamada M, Nakamura T, Nakaya N, Kogure M, Hatanaka R, Nakaya K, Chiba I, Kanno I, Nochioka K, Tsuchiya N, Hirata T, Hamanaka Y, Sugawara J, Kobayashi T, Fuse N, Uruno A, Kodama EN, Kuriyama S, Tsuji I, Hozawa A. Combined Fat Mass and Fat-free Mass Indices and Lung Function Among Japanese Population: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Community-based Cohort Study. J Epidemiol 2024; 34:119-128. [PMID: 37032111 PMCID: PMC10853044 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) affect lung function, FMI and FFMI are not independent of each other, since FMI and FFMI were calculated as fat mass and fat-free mass divided by height squared, respectively. We aimed to examine the association of combined FMI and FFMI with lung function. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, lung function was evaluated using forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) measured using spirometry. Both FMI and FFMI were classified into sex-specific quartiles (16 groups). Analysis of covariance was used to assess the associations of combined FMI and FFMI with lung function. The trend test was conducted by stratifying the FMI and FFMI, scoring the categories from 1-4 (lowest-highest), and entering the number as a continuous term in the regression model. RESULTS This study included 3,736 men and 8,821 women aged ≥20 years living in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The mean FEV1 was 3.0 (standard deviation [SD], 0.7) L for men and 2.3 (SD, 0.5) L for women. The mean FVC was 3.8 (SD, 0.7) L for men and 2.8 (SD, 0.5) L for women. FMI was inversely associated with lung function among all FFMI subgroups in both sexes. Conversely, FFMI was positively associated with lung function in all FMI subgroups in both sexes. CONCLUSION Higher FMI was associated with lower lung function independent of FFMI; higher FFMI was associated with higher lung function independent of FMI. Reducing FMI and maintaining FFMI might be important for respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Takase
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rieko Hatanaka
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ippei Chiba
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikumi Kanno
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nochioka
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yohei Hamanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Sugawara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eiichi N. Kodama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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18
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Elgaabari A, Imatomi N, Kido H, Nakashima T, Okuda S, Manabe Y, Sawano S, Mizunoya W, Kaneko R, Tanaka S, Maeno T, Matsuyoshi Y, Seki M, Kuwakado S, Zushi K, Daneshvar N, Nakamura M, Suzuki T, Sunagawa K, Anderson JE, Allen RE, Tatsumi R. Age-related nitration/dysfunction of myogenic stem cell activator HGF. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14041. [PMID: 37985931 PMCID: PMC10861216 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical perturbation triggers activation of resident myogenic stem cells to enter the cell cycle through a cascade of events including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) release from its extracellular tethering and the subsequent presentation to signaling-receptor c-met. Here, we show that with aging, extracellular HGF undergoes tyrosine-residue (Y) nitration and loses c-met binding, thereby disturbing muscle homeostasis. Biochemical studies demonstrated that nitration/dysfunction is specific to HGF among other major growth factors and is characterized by its locations at Y198 and Y250 in c-met-binding domains. Direct-immunofluorescence microscopy of lower hind limb muscles from three age groups of rat, provided direct in vivo evidence for age-related increases in nitration of ECM-bound HGF, preferentially stained for anti-nitrated Y198 and Y250-HGF mAbs (raised in-house) in fast IIa and IIx myofibers. Overall, findings highlight inhibitory impacts of HGF nitration on myogenic stem cell dynamics, pioneering a cogent discussion for better understanding age-related muscle atrophy and impaired regeneration with fibrosis (including sarcopenia and frailty).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Elgaabari
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikhEgypt
| | - Nana Imatomi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hirochika Kido
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takashi Nakashima
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Shoko Okuda
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshitaka Manabe
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Shoko Sawano
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Present address:
Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental ScienceAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
| | - Wataru Mizunoya
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Present address:
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary MedicineAzabu UniversitySagamiharaJapan
| | - Ryuki Kaneko
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Sakiho Tanaka
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takahiro Maeno
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yuji Matsuyoshi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Miyumi Seki
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - So Kuwakado
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Kahona Zushi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Nasibeh Daneshvar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Mako Nakamura
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Kenji Sunagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Judy E. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Ronald E. Allen
- The School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Ryuichi Tatsumi
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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19
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Doyenart R, Boeira D, Milhomens YP, Oliveira Silva da Silva V, Zilli Réus G, Silveira PCL, da Silva LA. Effects of aquatic high intensity interval training on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:826-838. [PMID: 36780534 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2175797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of aquatic exercise on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly patients with DM2. A total of 130 elderly were included in the longitudinal clinical study and were attributed to the non-diabetic group (n = 27) and diabetes the group (n = 22). Both groups participated in 24 sessions of Hydro-HIIT, 48 h before and after Hydro-HIIT, the GDLAM index, depression, and anxiety scores and markers of oxidative dysfunction were quantified. After intervention, GI decreased in both groups (non-diabetes group = -24%; diabetes group = -22%) (p < 0.05), markers of depression (-46%), anxiety (-60%), DCFH-DA (-55%), SOD (+59%), TNF-α (-37%) and IL-1 (-48%) in diabetes group (p < 0.05). The intervention with Hydro-HIIT improves aspects related to functional autonomy, mental health, and exerts consequently, a modulating effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in elderly people diagnosed with DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Doyenart
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Daniel Boeira
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Yuri Pinheiro Milhomens
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Vitória Oliveira Silva da Silva
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Programme in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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20
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Tack W, De Cock AM, Dirinck EL, Bastijns S, Ariën F, Perkisas S. Pathophysiological interactions between sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes: A two-way street influencing diagnosis and therapeutic options. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:407-416. [PMID: 37854007 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This review will try to elucidate the interconnected pathophysiology of sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and will try to identify a common pathway to explain their development. To this end, the PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for articles published about the underlying pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of both sarcopenia and T2D. The medical subject heading (MeSH) terms 'sarcopenia' AND 'diabetes mellitus' AND ('physiopathology' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'therapeutics' OR 'aetiology' OR 'causality') were used. After screening, 32 papers were included. It was evident that sarcopenia and T2D share multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. Common changes in muscle architecture consist of a shift in myocyte composition, increased myosteatosis and a decreased capacity for muscle regeneration. Further, both diseases are linked to an imbalance in myokine and sex hormone production. Chronic low-grade inflammation and increased levels of oxidative stress are also known pathophysiological contributors. In the future, research efforts should be directed towards discovering common checkpoints in the development of T2D and sarcopenia as possible shared therapeutic targets for both diseases. Current treatment for T2D with biguanides, incretins and insulin may already convey a protective effect on the development of sarcopenia. Furthermore, attention should be given to early diagnosis of sarcopenia within the population of people with T2D, given the sizeable physical and medical burden it encompasses. A combination of simple diagnostic techniques could be used at regular diabetes check-ups to identify sarcopenia at an early stage and start lifestyle modifications and treatment as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Tack
- ZNA (ZiekenhuisNetwerk Antwerpen), University Center for Geriatrics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie De Cock
- ZNA (ZiekenhuisNetwerk Antwerpen), University Center for Geriatrics, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eveline Lia Dirinck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Anwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Sophie Bastijns
- ZNA (ZiekenhuisNetwerk Antwerpen), University Center for Geriatrics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Femke Ariën
- ZNA (ZiekenhuisNetwerk Antwerpen), University Center for Geriatrics, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stany Perkisas
- ZNA (ZiekenhuisNetwerk Antwerpen), University Center for Geriatrics, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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21
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Huang J, Awad K, Harlow L, Toro CA, Brotto M, Cardozo CP. Effects of a Laparotomy on Targeted Lipidomics Profiles in a Mouse Model of Surgical Stress During Aging. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2816:87-100. [PMID: 38977591 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3902-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Laparotomy (EL) is one of the most common procedures performed among surgical specialties. Previous research demonstrates that surgery is associated with an increased inflammatory response. Low psoas muscle mass and quality markers are associated with increased mortality rates after emergency laparotomy. Analysis of lipid mediators in serum and muscle by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based lipidomics has proven to be a sensitive and precise technique. In this chapter, we describe an LC-MS/MS protocol for the profiling and quantification of signaling lipids formed from Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Eicosatetranoic acid (ETA) by 5, 12, or 15 lipoxynases. This protocol has been developed for and validated in serum and muscle samples in a mouse model of surgical stress caused by laparotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Huang
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, Department of Graduate Nursing, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kamal Awad
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, Department of Graduate Nursing, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Harlow
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carlos A Toro
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovations, Department of Graduate Nursing, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Departments of Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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22
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Wang J, Wang D, Setrerrahmane S, Martinez J, Xu HM. The peptide Acein promotes dopamine secretion through clec-126 to extend the lifespan of elderly C. elegans. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14651-14665. [PMID: 38154108 PMCID: PMC10781461 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine plays a crucial role in regulating brain activity and movement and modulating human behavior, cognition and mood. Regulating dopamine signaling may improve cognitive abilities and physical functions during aging. Acein, a nonapeptide of sequence H-Pro-Pro-Thr-Thr-Thr-Lys-Phe-Ala-Ala-OH is able to stimulate dopamine secretion in the brain. By using genetic editing and lifespan investigation in C. elegans, we showed that the lack of the C-type lectin domain-containing protein clec-126 significantly suppressed the aging phenotype and prolonged lifespan, while overexpression of clec-126 promoted aging-related phenotypes and accelerated the aging process. We examined the aging phenotype of C. elegans and showed that Acein could induce a decrease in clec-126 expression, prolonging the lifespan of aged C. elegans. The mechanism proceeds through the Acein-induced stimulation of dopamine secretion that ameliorates motor function decline and extends the healthy lifespan of aged C. elegans. In addition, we also observed an increase in brood number. Our study has shown that Acein regulates dopamine secretion and has good antiaging activity by decreasing clec-126 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Synthetic Peptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation Engineering Research Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Synthetic Peptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation Engineering Research Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | | | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, Montpellier cedex 5 34293, France
| | - Han-Mei Xu
- Synthetic Peptide Drug Discovery and Evaluation Engineering Research Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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23
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Johri N, Vengat M, Kumar D, Nagar P, John D, Dutta S, Mittal P. A comprehensive review on the risks assessment and treatment options for Sarcopenia in people with diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:995-1010. [PMID: 37975099 PMCID: PMC10638272 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01262-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This comprehensive review aims to examine the reciprocal interplay between Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sarcopenia, identify prevailing research gaps, and discuss therapeutic approaches and measures to enhance healthcare practices within hospital settings. Methods A thorough literature review was conducted to gather relevant studies and articles on the relationship between T2DM and sarcopenia. Various databases were searched, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The search terms included T2DM, sarcopenia, inflammation, insulin resistance, advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, muscle dimensions, muscle strength, muscle performance, aging, nutrition, hormone levels, and physical activity. The collected articles were critically analysed to extract key findings and identify gaps in current research. Results The prevalence and incidence of metabolic and musculoskeletal disorders, notably T2DM and sarcopenia, have surged in recent years. T2DM is marked by inflammation, insulin resistance, accumulation of advanced glycation end products, and oxidative stress, while sarcopenia involves a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function. The review underscores the age-related correlation between sarcopenia and adverse outcomes like fractures, falls, and mortality. Research gaps regarding optimal nutritional interventions for individuals with T2DM and sarcopenia are identified, emphasizing the necessity for further investigation in this area. Conclusions The reciprocal interplay between T2DM and sarcopenia holds significant importance. Further research is warranted to address knowledge gaps, particularly in utilizing precise measurement tools during clinical trials. Lifestyle modifications appear beneficial for individuals with T2DM and sarcopenia. Additionally, practical nutritional interventions require investigation to optimize healthcare practices in hospital settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01262-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Johri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | | | - Deepanshu Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Priya Nagar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Davis John
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Shubham Dutta
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Piyush Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh India
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24
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Kim HJ, Jung DW, Williams DR. Age Is Just a Number: Progress and Obstacles in the Discovery of New Candidate Drugs for Sarcopenia. Cells 2023; 12:2608. [PMID: 37998343 PMCID: PMC10670210 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a disease characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that occurs with aging. The progression of sarcopenia is correlated with the onset of physical disability, the inability to live independently, and increased mortality. Due to global increases in lifespan and demographic aging in developed countries, sarcopenia has become a major socioeconomic burden. Clinical therapies for sarcopenia are based on physical therapy and nutritional support, although these may suffer from low adherence and variable outcomes. There are currently no clinically approved drugs for sarcopenia. Consequently, there is a large amount of pre-clinical research focusing on discovering new candidate drugs and novel targets. In this review, recent progress in this research will be discussed, along with the challenges that may preclude successful translational research in the clinic. The types of drugs examined include mitochondria-targeting compounds, anti-diabetes agents, small molecules that target non-coding RNAs, protein therapeutics, natural products, and repositioning candidates. In light of the large number of drugs and targets being reported, it can be envisioned that clinically approved pharmaceuticals to prevent the progression or even mitigate sarcopenia may be within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Da-Woon Jung
- New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea;
| | - Darren Reece Williams
- New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea;
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25
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Chaudhary MR, Chaudhary S, Sharma Y, Singh TA, Mishra AK, Sharma S, Mehdi MM. Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies. Biogerontology 2023; 24:609-662. [PMID: 37516673 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Aging accompanied by several age-related complications, is a multifaceted inevitable biological progression involving various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The major factor in this process is oxidative stress, caused by an abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ROS and RNS pose a threat by disrupting signaling mechanisms and causing oxidative damage to cellular components. This oxidative stress affects both the ER and mitochondria, causing proteopathies (abnormal protein aggregation), initiation of unfolded protein response, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal cellular senescence, ultimately leading to inflammaging (chronic inflammation associated with aging) and, in rare cases, metastasis. RONS during oxidative stress dysregulate multiple metabolic pathways like NF-κB, MAPK, Nrf-2/Keap-1/ARE and PI3K/Akt which may lead to inappropriate cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. Inflammaging contributes to the development of inflammatory and degenerative diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and retinopathy. The body's antioxidant systems, sirtuins, autophagy, apoptosis, and biogenesis play a role in maintaining homeostasis, but they have limitations and cannot achieve an ideal state of balance. Certain interventions, such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, dietary habits, and regular exercise, have shown beneficial effects in counteracting the aging process. In addition, interventions like senotherapy (targeting senescent cells) and sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs) enhance autophagy and apoptosis for efficient removal of damaged oxidative products and organelles. Further, STACs enhance biogenesis for the regeneration of required organelles to maintain homeostasis. This review article explores the various aspects of oxidative damage, the associated complications, and potential strategies to mitigate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sakshi Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Yogita Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Thokchom Arjun Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Alok Kumar Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
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26
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Ghzaiel I, Zarrouk A, Pires V, de Barros JPP, Hammami S, Ksila M, Hammami M, Ghrairi T, Jouanny P, Vejux A, Lizard G. 7β-Hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol: New oxidative stress biomarkers of sarcopenia inducing cytotoxic effects on myoblasts and myotubes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 232:106345. [PMID: 37286110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process which can be associated with skeletal muscle degradation leading to sarcopenia. The aim of this study consisted i) to determine the oxidative and inflammatory status of sarcopenic patients and ii) to clarify the impact of oxidative stress on myoblasts and myotubes. To this end, various biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, leukotriene B4 (LTB4)) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonylated proteins and antioxidant enzymes: catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) as well as oxidized derivatives of cholesterol formed by cholesterol autoxidation (7-ketocholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol), were analyzed. Apelin, a myokine which contributes to muscle strength, was also quantified. To this end, a case-control study was conducted to evaluate the RedOx and inflammatory status in 45 elderly subjects (23 non-sarcopenic; 22 sarcopenic) from 65 years old and higher. SARCopenia-Formular (SARC-F) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests were used to distinguish between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects. By using red blood cells, plasma and/or serum, we observed in sarcopenic patients an increased activity of major antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) associated with lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation (increased level of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes and carbonylated proteins). Higher levels of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol were also observed in the plasma of sarcopenic patients. Significant differences were only observed with 7β-hydroxycholesterol. In sarcopenic patients comparatively to non-sarcopenic subjects, significant increase of CRP, LTB4 and apelin were observed whereas similar levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were found. The increased plasma level of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol in sarcopenic patients led us to study the cytotoxic effect of these oxysterols on undifferentiated (myoblasts) and differentiated (myotubes) murine C2C12 cells. With the fluorescein diacetate and sulforhodamine 101 assays, an induction of cell death was observed both on undifferentiated and differentiated cells: the cytotoxic effects were less pronounced with 7-ketocholesterol. In addition, IL-6 secretion was never detected whatever the culture conditions, TNF-α secretion was significantly increased on undifferentiated and differentiated C2C12 cells treated with 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol, and IL-8 secretion was increased on differentiated cells. 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death was strongly attenuated by α-tocopherol and Pistacia lentiscus L. seed oil both on myoblasts and/or myotubes. TNF-α and/or IL-8 secretions were reduced by α-tocopherol and Pistacia lentiscus L. seed oil. Our data support the hypothesis that the enhancement of oxidative stress observed in sarcopenic patients could contribute, especially via 7β-hydroxycholesterol, to skeletal muscle atrophy and inflammation via cytotoxic effects on myoblasts and myotubes. These data bring new elements to understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and open new perspectives for the treatment of this frequent age-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghzaiel
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France; Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia.
| | - Vivien Pires
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Sonia Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of BioMolecules, LR18ES03, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis-El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- Université de Bourgogne, Lipidomic Platform, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Jouanny
- Geriatric Internal Medicine Department (Champmaillot), University Hospital Center, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France.
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27
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Marcotte-Chénard A, Oliveira B, Little JP, Candow DG. Sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic lifestyle interventions. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102835. [PMID: 37542749 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sarcopenia generally refers to the age-related reduction in muscle strength, functional ability, and muscle mass. Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition associated with poor glucose disposal, insulin resistance, and subsequently type 2 diabetes (T2D). The pathophysiological connection between sarcopenia and T2D is complex but likely involves glycemic control, inflammation, oxidative stress, and adiposity. METHODS AND RESULTS Resistance exercise and aerobic training are two lifestyle interventions that may improve glycemic control in older adults with T2D and counteract sarcopenia. Further, there is evidence that dietary protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, creatine monohydrate, and Vitamin D hold potential to augment some of these benefits from exercise. CONCLUSIONS The purpose of this narrative review is: (1) discuss the pathophysiological link between age-related sarcopenia and T2D, and (2) discuss lifestyle interventions involving physical activity and nutrition that may counteract sarcopenia and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Marcotte-Chénard
- Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Barbara Oliveira
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Darren G Candow
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada.
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28
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Yuan F, Wang Y, Xiao X, Zhang X, Jing M, Kamecki H, Tan YG, Barreras SG, Aragon-Ching JB, Ma Z, Zhang P, Chang D, You Y. A systematic review evaluating the effectiveness of exercise training on physical condition in prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:1336-1350. [PMID: 37680229 PMCID: PMC10481197 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an effective prostate cancer (PCa) treatment strategy that can curb the development or progression of the disease. This review aimed to examine and summarize available systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) of exercise training on physical condition of PCa patients undergoing ADT. Methods A comprehensive search of 8 databases was conducted for relevant literature published before April 25, 2022 with the language restrictions of Chinese and English. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and evidence quality of the included SRs/MAs using a range of evaluation tools, including A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2, Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS), the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), and Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results This review included 8 SRs/MAs which included a total of 94 studies. Ultimately, A total of 51 outcomes was included, regarding 11 different outcome categories. The AMSTAR-2 tool showed that 3 SRs/MAs had moderate methodological quality, 4 SRs/MAs had very low quality, and the remaining 1 had low quality. According to the ROBIS scale, 3 SRs/MAs had a high risk of bias. The PRISMA checklist showed that the primary reporting faults were protocol registration and funding source. The GRADE system was used to analyze the evidence quality of the 51 outcomes, and no high-quality evidence was found. However, moderate-quality evidence indicated that exercise training may improve body composition [by lowering body fat mass (BFM) and body fat rate (BFR)], muscular strength, and quality of life (QoL) in PCa patients undergoing ADT. Low-quality evidence demonstrated that exercise training could improve such symptoms as fatigue, depression, sexual function, and cardiometabolic changes. Conclusions Available evidence suggests that exercise training may be used as an adjuvant treatment for PCa patients undergoing ADT to improve several aspects of general health. Studies with more rigorous designs and larger sample sizes are needed to support our findings with more robust evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yuan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiwei Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xufan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyi Jing
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hubert Kamecki
- Second Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yu Guang Tan
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jeanny B. Aragon-Ching
- GU Medical Oncology, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ziyang Ma
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peihai Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Degui Chang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaodong You
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Lee DY, Shin S. Sarcopenia and Anemia in Elderly Koreans: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2428. [PMID: 37685462 PMCID: PMC10487604 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and anemia are common diseases in the elderly and are caused by various factors. In this study, the association between sarcopenia and anemia in an elderly Korean population was examined. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's cross-sectional, nationally representative Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2008-2011) served as the source of the data for this study. Of the 2769 participants (1167 men and 1602 women) included in this study, a significant association was found between sarcopenia and anemia in the elderly in Korea. In Model 1, unadjusted for covariates, the prevalence of sarcopenia in all participants was 1.805 (95% CI 1.364-2.388) and 2.746 (95% CI 1.740-4.334) in men, and 1.494 (95% CI 1.045-2.138) in women. In Model 4, adjusted for all covariates, the prevalence of sarcopenia in all participants was 1.455 (95% CI 1.064-1.989) and 2.649 (95% CI 1.475-4.755) in men, but it was insignificant in women. While prior studies failed to consider variables such as exercise status and nutritional intake, this research incorporated these factors as covariates. Despite this comprehensive approach, this study still revealed an independent association between sarcopenia and anemia. Moreover, a significant association was uncovered among elderly men, with no corresponding association identified among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Youn Lee
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
- Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Shin
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
- Neuromuscular Control Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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30
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Zhor C, Wafaa L, Ghzaiel I, Kessas K, Zarrouk A, Ksila M, Ghrairi T, Latruffe N, Masmoudi-Kouki O, El Midaoui A, Vervandier-Fasseur D, Hammami M, Lizard G, Vejux A, Kharoubi O. Effects of polyphenols and their metabolites on age-related diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115674. [PMID: 37414102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging contributes to the progressive loss of cellular biological functions and increases the risk of age-related diseases. Cardiovascular diseases, some neurological disorders and cancers are generally classified as age-related diseases that affect the lifespan of individuals. These diseases result from the accumulation of cellular damage and reduced activity of protective stress response pathways, which can lead to inflammation and oxidative stress, which play a key role in the aging process. There is now increasing interest in the therapeutic effects of edible plants for the prevention of various diseases, including those associated with aging. It has become clear that the beneficial effects of these foods are due, at least in part, to the high concentration of bioactive phenolic compounds with low side effects. Antioxidants are the most abundant, and their high consumption in the Mediterranean diet has been associated with slower ageing in humans. Extensive human dietary intervention studies strongly suggest that polyphenol supplementation protects against the development of degenerative diseases, especially in the elderly. In this review, we present data on the biological effects of plant polyphenols in the context of their relevance to human health, ageing and the prevention of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chouari Zhor
- University Oran 1 ABB: laboratory of Experimental Biotoxicology, Biodepollution and Phytoremediation, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences. Oran Algeria.
| | - Lounis Wafaa
- University Oran 1 ABB: laboratory of Experimental Biotoxicology, Biodepollution and Phytoremediation, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences. Oran Algeria.
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; University of Monastir: Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; University Tunis-El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Khadidja Kessas
- University Oran 1 ABB: laboratory of Experimental Biotoxicology, Biodepollution and Phytoremediation, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences. Oran Algeria.
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- University of Monastir: Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', 5000 Monastir, Tunisia; University of Sousse: Faculty of Medicine, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; University Tunis-El Manar, Loboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of BioMolecules, LR18ES03, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- University Tunis-El Manar, Loboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of BioMolecules, LR18ES03, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki
- University Tunis-El Manar, Loboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of BioMolecules, LR18ES03, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Adil El Midaoui
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada.
| | - Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB-UMR CNRS 6302, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9, avenue A. Savary, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France.
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health', Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Gérard Lizard
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Anne Vejux
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Team 'Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' EA7270/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Omar Kharoubi
- University Oran 1 ABB: laboratory of Experimental Biotoxicology, Biodepollution and Phytoremediation, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences. Oran Algeria.
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Agrawal S, Chakole S, Shetty N, Prasad R, Lohakare T, Wanjari M. Exploring the Role of Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Mechanisms and Implications. Cureus 2023; 15:e42178. [PMID: 37602126 PMCID: PMC10439769 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a complex physiological process characterized by progressive muscle mass and strength loss. It is associated with various health conditions, including aging, disease, and certain diseases. Emerging research has indicated that oxidative stress plays a significant role in developing and progressing skeletal muscle atrophy. This review article explores the mechanisms by which oxidative stress influences skeletal muscle atrophy and its implications for potential therapeutic interventions. The review begins by providing an overview of skeletal muscle atrophy and the current understanding of its underlying mechanisms, highlighting the intricate balance between protein degradation and synthesis pathways. Subsequently, the concept of oxidative stress is introduced, discussing its sources and the intricate redox signaling pathways present in skeletal muscle cells. This review's main focus is exploring the multifaceted role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle atrophy. The detrimental effects of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production on cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), are discussed. In addition, the impact of oxidative stress on key signaling pathways involved in muscle wasting, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, is examined. Furthermore, the review highlights the implications of oxidative stress in modulating muscle regeneration and the importance of redox balance in maintaining muscle health. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress, such as antioxidant supplementation, exercise interventions, and pharmacological approaches, are also discussed. In conclusion, this review comprehensively explains the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and skeletal muscle atrophy. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and discussing potential therapeutic interventions, this review aims to contribute to the development of novel strategies for mitigating muscle wasting and improving overall muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash Agrawal
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Swarupa Chakole
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nidhi Shetty
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Tejaswee Lohakare
- Child Health Nursing, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Rivas-Campo Y, Aibar-Almazán A, Rodríguez-López C, Afanador-Restrepo DF, García-Garro PA, Castellote-Caballero Y, Achalandabaso-Ochoa A, Hita-Contreras F. Enhancing Cognition in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment through High-Intensity Functional Training: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4049. [PMID: 37373742 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is a very promising non-pharmacological approach to prevent or reduce the cognitive decline that occurs in people aged 60 years or older. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a high-intensity intervallic functional training (HIFT) program on cognitive functions in an elderly Colombian population with mild cognitive impairment. A controlled clinical trial was developed with a sample of 132 men and women aged >65 years, linked to geriatric care institutions, which were systematically blind randomized. The intervention group (IG) received a 3-month HIFT program (n = 64) and the control group (CG) (n = 68) received general physical activity recommendations and practiced manual activities. The outcome variables addressed cognition (MoCA), attention (TMTA), executive functions (TMTB), verbal fluency (VFAT test), processing speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test-DSST), selective attention and concentration (d2 test). After the analysis, improvement was found in the IG with significant differences with respect to the CG in the level of cognitive impairment (MoCA), attention (TMTA), verbal fluency and concentration (p < 0.001). Executive functions (TMTB) showed differences in both groups, being slightly higher in the IG (p = 0.037). However, no statistically significant results were found for selective attention (p = 0.55) or processing speed (p = 0.24). The multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed the influence of the education level on all cognition assessments (p = 0.026); when adjusting for sociodemographic variables, the influence of the intervention remained significant (p < 0.001). This study empirically validates that the implementation of a HIFT program has a positive effect on cognitive functions in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment. Therefore, professionals specialized in the care of this population could consider including functional training programs as an essential part of their therapeutic approaches. The distinctive features of this program, such as its emphasis on functional training and high intensity, appear to be relevant for stimulating cognitive health in the geriatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulieth Rivas-Campo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of San Buenaventura-Cali, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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Janini Gomes M, Sabela AK, Ferreira ITP, de Souza SLB, Mota GAF, da Silva VL, de Campos DHS, Lima ARR, Carvalho MR, Bazan SGZ, Corrêa CR, Cicogna AC, Okoshi MP, Pacagnelli FL. Effects of aerobic exercise on cardiac function and gene expression of NADPH oxidases in diaphragm muscle of rats with aortic stenosis-induced heart failure. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1182303. [PMID: 37362442 PMCID: PMC10285051 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1182303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of aerobic physical exercise (EX) on gene-encoding proteins associated with oxidative stress in diaphragm muscle of rats with aortic stenosis-induced heart failure (HF). Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: Control sedentary (C); Control exercise (C-Ex); Sedentary aortic stenosis (AS); Aortic stenosis exercise (AS-Ex). Exercised rats trained 5 times a week for 10 weeks on a treadmill. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test. In the final echocardiogram, animals with aortic stenosis subjected to exercise demonstrated improvement in systolic function compared to the sedentary aortic stenosis group. In diaphragm muscle, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde malondialdehyde concentration, protein carbonylation, and protein expression of p65 and its inhibitor IκB did not differ between groups. Alterations in gene expression of sources that generate reactive species of oxygen were observed in AS-Ex group, which showed decreased mRNA abundance of NOX2 and NOX4 compared to the aortic stenosis group (p < 0.05). We concluded that aerobic exercise has a positive impact during heart failure, ameliorating systolic dysfunction and biomarkers of oxidative stress in diaphragm muscle of rats with aortic stenosis-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Janini Gomes
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ana Karenina Sabela
- Physiotherapy Department, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program, Animal Science, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francis Lopes Pacagnelli
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Physiotherapy Department, UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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Sołtysik BK, Karolczak K, Kostka T, Stephenson SS, Watala C, Kostka J. Contribution of Physical Activity to the Oxidative and Antioxidant Potential in 60-65-Year-Old Seniors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1200. [PMID: 37371930 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Both acute exercise and regular physical activity (PA) are directly related to the redox system. However, at present, there are data suggesting both positive and negative relationships between the PA and oxidation. In addition, there is a limited number of publications differentiating the relationships between PA and numerous markers of plasma and platelets targets for the oxidative stress. In this study, in a population of 300 participants from central Poland (covering the age range between 60 and 65 years), PA was assessed as regards energy expenditure (PA-EE) and health-related behaviors (PA-HRB). Total antioxidant potential (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS) and several other markers of an oxidative stress, monitored in platelet and plasma lipids and proteins, were then determined. The association of PA with oxidative stress was determined taking into the account basic confounders, such as age, sex and the set of the relevant cardiometabolic factors. In simple correlations, platelet lipid peroxides, free thiol and amino groups of platelet proteins, as well as the generation of superoxide anion radical, were inversely related with PA-EE. In multivariate analyses, apart from other cardiometabolic factors, a significant positive impact of PA-HRB was revealed for TOS (inverse relationship), while in the case of PA-EE, the effect was found to be positive (inverse association) for lipid peroxides and superoxide anion but negative (lower concentration) for free thiol and free amino groups in platelets proteins. Therefore, the impact of PA may be different on oxidative stress markers in platelets as compared to plasma proteins and also dissimilar on platelet lipids and proteins. These associations are more visible for platelets than plasma markers. For lipid oxidation, PA seems to have protective effect. In the case of platelets proteins, PA tends to act as pro-oxidative factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej K Sołtysik
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square No. 1, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamil Karolczak
- Department of Hemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka Street 6/8, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kostka
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square No. 1, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Serena S Stephenson
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Haller Square No. 1, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Cezary Watala
- Department of Hemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka Street 6/8, 92-215 Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Kostka
- Department of Gerontology, Medical University of Lodz, Milionowa Street No. 14, 93-113 Łódź, Poland
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Rodrigues EA, Lima ARR, Gomes MJ, Souza LM, Pontes THD, Pagan LU, Murata GM, Damatto FC, Carvalho Depra I, Rego ABGC, Reyes DRA, Zornoff LAM, Okoshi K, Okoshi MP. Influence of Isolated Resistance Exercise on Cardiac Remodeling, Myocardial Oxidative Stress, and Metabolism in Infarcted Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:896. [PMID: 37107271 PMCID: PMC10135620 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exercise is an important therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac remodeling and heart failure. However, the myocardial effects of resistance exercise on infarcted hearts are not completely established. In this study, we investigated the effects of resistance exercise on structural, functional, and molecular cardiac alterations in infarcted rats. METHODS Three months after MI induction or simulated surgery, Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: Sham (n = 14); MI (n = 9); and exercised MI (MI-Ex, n = 13). Exercised rats performed, 3 times a week for 12 weeks, four climbs on a ladder with progressive loads. Cardiac structure and left ventricle (LV) function were analyzed by echocardiogram. Myocyte diameters were evaluated in hematoxylin- and eosin-stained histological sections as the smallest distance between borders drawn across the nucleus. Myocardial energy metabolism, lipid hydroperoxide, malondialdehyde, protein carbonylation, and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated by spectrophotometry. Gene expressions of NADPH oxidase subunits were evaluated by RT-PCR. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test. RESULTS Mortality did not differ between the MI-Ex and MI groups. MI had dilated left atrium and LV, with LV systolic dysfunction. Exercise increased the maximum load-carrying capacity, with no changes in cardiac structure or LV function. Myocyte diameters were lower in MI than in Sham and MI-Ex. Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activity were lower in MI than in Sham. Citrate synthase and catalase activity were lower in MI and MI-Ex than in Sham. Lipid hydroperoxide concentration was lower in MI-Ex than in MI. Nox2 and p22phox gene expressions were higher in MI-Ex than in Sham. Gene expression of Nox4 was higher in MI and MI-Ex than in Sham, and p47phox was lower in MI than in Sham. CONCLUSION Late resistance exercise was safe in infarcted rats. Resistance exercise improved maximum load-carrying capacity, reduced myocardial oxidative stress, and preserved myocardial metabolism, with no changes in cardiac structure or left ventricle function in infarcted rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder Anderson Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Regina Ruiz Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Janini Gomes
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Lidiane Moreira Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Thierres Hernani Dias Pontes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Urbano Pagan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilson Masahiro Murata
- LIM29, Division of Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cesar Damatto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Carvalho Depra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | | | - David Rafael Abreu Reyes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Antonio Mamede Zornoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Politi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
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Agostini D, Gervasi M, Ferrini F, Bartolacci A, Stranieri A, Piccoli G, Barbieri E, Sestili P, Patti A, Stocchi V, Donati Zeppa S. An Integrated Approach to Skeletal Muscle Health in Aging. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081802. [PMID: 37111021 PMCID: PMC10141535 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A decline in muscle mass and function represents one of the most problematic changes associated with aging, and has dramatic effects on autonomy and quality of life. Several factors contribute to the inexorable process of sarcopenia, such as mitochondrial and autophagy dysfunction, and the lack of regeneration capacity of satellite cells. The physiologic decline in muscle mass and in motoneuron functionality associated with aging is exacerbated by the sedentary lifestyle that accompanies elderly people. Regular physical activity is beneficial to most people, but the elderly need well-designed and carefully administered training programs that improve muscle mass and, consequently, both functional ability and quality of life. Aging also causes alteration in the gut microbiota composition associated with sarcopenia, and some advances in research have elucidated that interventions via the gut microbiota-muscle axis have the potential to ameliorate the sarcopenic phenotype. Several mechanisms are involved in vitamin D muscle atrophy protection, as demonstrated by the decreased muscular function related to vitamin D deficiency. Malnutrition, chronic inflammation, vitamin deficiencies, and an imbalance in the muscle-gut axis are just a few of the factors that can lead to sarcopenia. Supplementing the diet with antioxidants, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, proteins, kefir, and short-chain fatty acids could be potential nutritional therapies against sarcopenia. Finally, a personalized integrated strategy to counteract sarcopenia and maintain the health of skeletal muscles is suggested in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Agostini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco Gervasi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Fabio Ferrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Alessia Bartolacci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stranieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Antonino Patti
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Human Science for Promotion of Quality of Life, Università Telematica San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Donati Zeppa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Vázquez-Meza H, Vilchis-Landeros MM, Vázquez-Carrada M, Uribe-Ramírez D, Matuz-Mares D. Cellular Compartmentalization, Glutathione Transport and Its Relevance in Some Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040834. [PMID: 37107209 PMCID: PMC10135322 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein endogenous thiol. It is a ubiquitous molecule produced in most organs, but its synthesis is predominantly in the liver, the tissue in charge of storing and distributing it. GSH is involved in the detoxification of free radicals, peroxides and xenobiotics (drugs, pollutants, carcinogens, etc.), protects biological membranes from lipid peroxidation, and is an important regulator of cell homeostasis, since it participates in signaling redox, regulation of the synthesis and degradation of proteins (S-glutathionylation), signal transduction, various apoptotic processes, gene expression, cell proliferation, DNA and RNA synthesis, etc. GSH transport is a vital step in cellular homeostasis supported by the liver through providing extrahepatic organs (such as the kidney, lung, intestine, and brain, among others) with the said antioxidant. The wide range of functions within the cell in which glutathione is involved shows that glutathione’s role in cellular homeostasis goes beyond being a simple antioxidant agent; therefore, the importance of this tripeptide needs to be reassessed from a broader metabolic perspective.
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Seong E, Heo H, Sang Jeong H, Lee H, Lee J. Enhancement of bioactive compounds and biological activities of Centella asiatica through ultrasound treatment. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 94:106353. [PMID: 36889177 PMCID: PMC10015234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Centella asiatica possess various health-promoting activities owing to its bioactive compounds such as triterpenes, flavonoids, and vitamins. Ultrasound treatment during the post-harvest process is a good strategy for eliciting secondary metabolite in plants. The present study investigated the effect of ultrasound treatment for different time durations on the bioactive compounds and biological activities of C. asiatica leaves. The leaves were treated with ultrasound for 5, 10, and 20 min. Ultrasound elicitation (especially for 10 min) markedly elevated the accumulation of stress markers, leading to enhanced phenolic-triggering enzyme activities. The accumulation of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities were also significantly improved compared with that in untreated leaves. In addition, ultrasound-treated C. asiatica leaves protected myoblasts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by regulating reactive oxygen species production, glutathione depletion, and lipid peroxidation. These findings indicate that elicitation using ultrasound can be a simple method for increasing functional compound production and enhancing biological activities in C. asiatica leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjeong Seong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Huijin Heo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
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Kim MC, Kim KO. Reply to "The causal association between sarcopenia and colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis". Korean J Intern Med 2023; 38:269-270. [PMID: 36800671 PMCID: PMC9993093 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2023.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Cheol Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyeong Ok Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Soto ME, Pérez-Torres I, Rubio-Ruiz ME, Cano-Martínez A, Manzano-Pech L, Guarner-Lans V. Frailty and the Interactions between Skeletal Muscle, Bone, and Adipose Tissue-Impact on Cardiovascular Disease and Possible Therapeutic Measures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054534. [PMID: 36901968 PMCID: PMC10003713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a global health problem that impacts clinical practice. It is complex, having a physical and a cognitive component, and it is the result of many contributing factors. Frail patients have oxidative stress and elevated proinflammatory cytokines. Frailty impairs many systems and results in a reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stress. It is related to aging and to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There are few studies on the genetic factors of frailty, but epigenetic clocks determine age and frailty. In contrast, there is genetic overlap of frailty with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Frailty is not yet considered a risk factor for CVD. It is accompanied by a loss and/or poor functioning of muscle mass, which depends on fiber protein content, resulting from the balance between protein breakdown and synthesis. Bone fragility is also implied, and there is a crosstalk between adipocytes, myocytes, and bone. The identification and assessment of frailty is difficult, without there being a standard instrument to identify or treat it. Measures to prevent its progression include exercises, as well as supplementing the diet with vitamin D and K, calcium, and testosterone. In conclusion, more research is needed to better understand frailty and to avoid complications in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Soto
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Linaloe Manzano-Pech
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Handgrip strength is inversely associated with augmentation index in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1125. [PMID: 36670237 PMCID: PMC9860021 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a measure of overall skeletal muscle strength and is used to identify risks for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Furthermore, HGS is an indicator of arterial stiffness that leads to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to examine the relationship between HGS and augmentation index (AIx) in patients with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine patients with type 2 diabetes whose HGS and AIx were measured in our hospital. AIx was measured noninvasively using an applanation tonometer, and multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the independent relationship between HGS and AIx. This study included 404 patients. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, duration of diabetes, smoking and exercise habit, biochemical parameters, and physiological parameters related to arterial stiffness, HGS was found to be independently and inversely associated with AIx (β = - 0.270, p = 0.006). HGS was independently and inversely associated with AIx in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with diminished HGS should be subjected to intensive exercise therapy for reducing the risk of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease.Trial registration: UMIN000023010.
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Carcelén-Fraile MDC, Lorenzo-Nocino MF, Afanador-Restrepo DF, Rodríguez-López C, Aibar-Almazán A, Hita-Contreras F, Achalandabaso-Ochoa A, Castellote-Caballero Y. Effects of different intervention combined with resistance training on musculoskeletal health in older male adults with sarcopenia: A systematic review. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1037464. [PMID: 36684863 PMCID: PMC9853907 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1037464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Nowadays, there is a significant increase in the elderly population in many countries around the world, and sarcopenia is one of the most common consequences of this with resistance training being one of the best treatments. Hence, this systematic review was conducted to determine what are the effects of different combinations of resistance training-based interventions on the musculoskeletal health of older male adults with sarcopenia. Methods This systematic review was performed following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was performed between February and August 2022 in three electronic databases: Pubmed (MEDLINE), Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus employing different keywords combined with Boolean operators. Only 13 articles were included out of the initial 1,019. Results The articles studied the effects of resistance training combined with other interventions, 6 articles combined it with protein and vitamin supplementation, 4 with protein supplements only, while 3 combined it with aerobic training, finding beneficial results mainly on strength, functionality, and body composition. Conclusion Resistance Training combined with Aerobic Training or nutritional supplements has better effects than Resistance Training alone in older male adults with sarcopenia. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42022354184.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diego Fernando Afanador-Restrepo
- ZIPATEFI Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, University Foundation of the Área Andina, Pereira, Colombia
- GIP Pedagogy Research Group, Faculty of Distance and Virtual Education, Antonio José Camacho University Institution, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-López
- Clinical Director at Sinapse Neurology, CEO Mbody Research and Formation Group, University Schools Gimbernat, Attached to the University of Cantabria, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Tan Y, Liu X, Yang Y, Li B, Yu F, Zhao W, Fu C, Yu X, Han Z, Cheng M. Metabolomics analysis reveals serum biomarkers in patients with diabetic sarcopenia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1119782. [PMID: 37033246 PMCID: PMC10073735 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1119782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic sarcopenia (DS) is characterized by muscle atrophy, slower nerve conduction, reduced maximum tension generated by skeletal muscle contraction, and slower contraction rate. Hence, DS can cause limb movement degeneration, slow movement, reduced balance, reduced metabolic rate, falls, fractures, etc. Moreover, the relevant early biological metabolites and their pathophysiological mechanism have yet to be characterized. METHOD The current cross-sectional study employed serum metabolomics analysis to screen potential noninvasive biomarkers in patients with diabetic sarcopenia. A total of 280 diabetic patients were enrolled in the study (n = 39 sarcopenia [DS], n = 241 without sarcopenia [DM]). Ten patients were randomly selected from both groups. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS A total of 632 differential metabolites were identified, including 82 that were significantly differentially abundant (P < 0.05, VIP > 1, FC > 1.2 or FC < 0.8). Compared with the DM group, the contents of pentadecanoic acid, 5'-methylthioadenosine (5'-MTA), N,N-dimethylarginine (asymmetric dimethylarginine, ADMA), and glutamine in the DS group were significantly increased, while that of isoxanthohumol was decreased. DISCUSSION Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, pentadecanoic acid, 5'-MTA, ADMA, and glutamine may serve as potential biomarkers of DS. Moreover, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and the mammalian target of the rapamycin signaling pathway were found to potentially have important regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of DS (P < 0.05). Collectively, the differential metabolites identified in this study provide new insights into the underlying pathophysiology of DS and serve as a basis for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Tan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Yinping Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Baoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Aixinzhuoer Medical Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Chunli Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Zhenxia Han
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine (202132001), Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Cheng,
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Are Skeletal Muscle Changes during Prolonged Space Flights Similar to Those Experienced by Frail and Sarcopenic Older Adults? LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122139. [PMID: 36556504 PMCID: PMC9781047 DOI: 10.3390/life12122139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microgravity exposure causes several physiological and psychosocial alterations that challenge astronauts' health during space flight. Notably, many of these changes are mostly related to physical inactivity influencing different functional systems and organ biology, in particular the musculoskeletal system, dramatically resulting in aging-like phenotypes, such as those occurring in older persons on Earth. In this sense, sarcopenia, a syndrome characterized by the loss in muscle mass and strength due to skeletal muscle unloading, is undoubtedly one of the most critical aging-like adverse effects of microgravity and a prevalent problem in the geriatric population, still awaiting effective countermeasures. Therefore, there is an urgent demand to identify clinically relevant biological markers and to underline molecular mechanisms behind these effects that are still poorly understood. From this perspective, a lesson from Geroscience may help tailor interventions to counteract the adverse effects of microgravity. For instance, decades of studies in the field have demonstrated that in the older people, the clinical picture of sarcopenia remarkably overlaps (from a clinical and biological point of view) with that of frailty, primarily when referred to the physical function domain. Based on this premise, here we provide a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms of sarcopenia and frailty, which in aging are often considered together, and how these converge with those observed in astronauts after space flight.
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Shimizu Y. Mechanism underlying vascular remodeling in relation to circulating CD34-positive cells among older Japanese men. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21823. [PMID: 36528703 PMCID: PMC9759540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of structural atherosclerosis, an established cardiovascular risk factor, requires hematopoietic stem cells known as CD34-positive cells. However, an inverse association between circulating CD34-positive cell count and cardiovascular disease has been reported. These studies evoke a contradiction: characteristics associated with a low risk of developing structural atherosclerosis are also associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. To clarify the mechanisms underlying vascular remodeling, we conducted several epidemiological studies of Japanese men aged 60 to 69 years who participated in annual health check-ups. The present study summarizes those epidemiological studies and adds some discussion. From the perspective of endothelial repair activity, there are significant differences between functional versus structural atherosclerosis. Aggressive endothelial repair increases both functional and structural atherosclerosis. Deficient endothelial repair related to a shortage of CD34-positive cells due to consumption furthers functional atherosclerosis but not structural atherosclerosis. Therefore, the lack of structural atherosclerosis does not always reflect a favorable condition for the endothelium. Although further investigation is necessary, the present study suggests that higher endothelial repair activity that leads to structural atherosclerosis might have a beneficial effect on vascular health among older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.416963.f0000 0004 1793 0765Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka, Japan
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Synergistic effects of curcumin and gamma-oryzanol solid dispersions ameliorate muscle atrophy by upregulating Nrf2 and IGF1/Insulin-Akt-mTOR activities in middle-aged rats. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Schellnegger M, Lin AC, Hammer N, Kamolz LP. Physical Activity on Telomere Length as a Biomarker for Aging: A Systematic Review. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:111. [PMID: 36057868 PMCID: PMC9441412 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Overall life expectancy continues to rise, approaching 80 years of age in several developed countries. However, healthy life expectancy lags far behind, which has, in turn, contributed to increasing costs in healthcare. One way to improve health and attenuate the socio-economic impact of an aging population is to increase overall fitness through physical activity. Telomere attrition or shortening is a well-known molecular marker in aging. As such, several studies have focused on whether exercise influences health and aging through telomere biology. This systematic review examines the recent literature on the effect of physical activity on telomere length (TL) and/or telomerase activity as molecular markers of aging. Methods A focused search was performed in the databases PubMed and Web of Science for retrieving relevant articles over the past ten years. The search contained the following keywords: exercise, sport, physical activity, fitness, sedentary, physical inactivity, telomere, telomere length, t/s ratio, and telomerase. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were observed. Results A total of 43 articles were identified and categorized into randomized controlled trials (RCT), observational or interventional studies. RCTs (n = 8) showed inconsistent findings of increased TL length with physical activity in, e.g. obese, post-menopausal women. In comparison with a predominantly sedentary lifestyle, observational studies (n = 27) showed significantly longer TL with exercise of moderate to vigorous intensity; however, there was no consensus on the duration and type of physical activity and training modality. Interventional studies (n = 8) also showed similar findings of significantly longer TL prior to exercise intervention; however, these studies had smaller numbers of enrolled participants (mostly of high-performance athletes), and the physical activities covered a range of exercise intensities and duration. Amongst the selected studies, aerobic training of moderate to vigorous intensity is most prevalent. For telomere biology analysis, TL was determined mainly from leukocytes using qPCR. In some cases, especially in RCT and interventional studies, different sample types such as saliva, sperm, and muscle biopsies were analyzed; different leukocyte cell types and potential genetic markers in regulating telomere biology were also investigated. Conclusions Taken together, physical activity with regular aerobic training of moderate to vigorous intensity appears to help preserve TL. However, the optimal intensity, duration of physical activity, as well as type of exercise still need to be further elucidated. Along with TL or telomerase activity, participants’ fitness level, the type of physical activity, and training modality should be assessed at different time points in future studies, with the plan for long-term follow-up. Reducing the amount of sedentary behavior may have a positive effect of preserving and increasing TL. Further molecular characterization of telomere biology in different cell types and tissues is required in order to draw definitive causal conclusions on how physical activity affects TL and aging.
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Shrestha A, Dani M, Kemp P, Fertleman M. Acute Sarcopenia after Elective and Emergency Surgery. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1759-1769. [PMID: 36465176 PMCID: PMC9662269 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an increasingly recognised condition of loss of muscle mass and function. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWSOP2) updated their definition in 2018, emphasising the importance of low muscle strength in diagnosis. Acute sarcopenia has been arbitrarily defined as sarcopenia lasting less than 6 months. This review highlights the pathophysiology involved in muscle wasting following surgery, focussing on hormonal factors, inflammation, microRNAs, and oxidative stress. Biomarkers such as GDF-15, IGF-1 and various microRNAs may predict post-surgical muscle loss. The impact of existing sarcopenia on various types of surgery and incident muscle wasting following surgery is also described. The gaps in research found include the need for longitudinal studies looking in changes in muscle strength and quantity following surgery. Further work is needed to examine if biomarkers are replicated in other surgery to consolidate existing theories on the pathophysiology of muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Shrestha
- Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Dani
- Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kemp
- National Lung and Health Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Fertleman
- Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
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Sanchez MM, Bagdasarian IA, Darch W, Morgan JT. Organotypic cultures as aging associated disease models. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9338-9383. [PMID: 36435511 PMCID: PMC9740367 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging remains a primary risk factor for a host of diseases, including leading causes of death. Aging and associated diseases are inherently multifactorial, with numerous contributing factors and phenotypes at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal scales. Despite the complexity of aging phenomena, models currently used in aging research possess limitations. Frequently used in vivo models often have important physiological differences, age at different rates, or are genetically engineered to match late disease phenotypes rather than early causes. Conversely, routinely used in vitro models lack the complex tissue-scale and systemic cues that are disrupted in aging. To fill in gaps between in vivo and traditional in vitro models, researchers have increasingly been turning to organotypic models, which provide increased physiological relevance with the accessibility and control of in vitro context. While powerful tools, the development of these models is a field of its own, and many aging researchers may be unaware of recent progress in organotypic models, or hesitant to include these models in their own work. In this review, we describe recent progress in tissue engineering applied to organotypic models, highlighting examples explicitly linked to aging and associated disease, as well as examples of models that are relevant to aging. We specifically highlight progress made in skin, gut, and skeletal muscle, and describe how recently demonstrated models have been used for aging studies or similar phenotypes. Throughout, this review emphasizes the accessibility of these models and aims to provide a resource for researchers seeking to leverage these powerful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina M. Sanchez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - William Darch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Joshua T. Morgan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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Docherty J, Leheste JR, Mancini J, Yao S. Preliminary Effects of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine on Reactive Oxygen Species in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e31504. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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