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Totonji S, Ramos-Triguero A, Willmann D, Sum M, Urban S, Bauer H, Rieder A, Wang S, Greschik H, Metzger E, Schüle R. Lysine Methyltransferase 9 (KMT9) Is an Actionable Target in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1532. [PMID: 38672614 PMCID: PMC11049522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel treatment modalities are imperative for the challenging management of muscle-invasive and metastatic BC to improve patient survival rates. The recently identified KMT9, an obligate heterodimer composed of KMT9α and KMT9β, regulates the growth of various types of tumors such as prostate, lung, and colon cancer. While the overexpression of KMT9α was previously observed to be associated with aggressive basal-like MIBC in an analysis of patients' tissue samples, a potential functional role of KMT9 in this type of cancer has not been investigated to date. In this study, we show that KMT9 regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion of various MIBC cell lines with different genetic mutations. KMT9α depletion results in the differential expression of genes regulating the cell cycle, cell adhesion, and migration. Differentially expressed genes include oncogenes such as EGFR and AKT1 as well as mediators of cell adhesion or migration such as DAG1 and ITGA6. Reduced cell proliferation upon KMT9α depletion is also observed in Pten/Trp53 knockout bladder tumor organoids, which cannot be rescued with an enzymatically inactive KMT9α mutant. In accordance with the idea that the catalytic activity of KMT9 is required for the control of cellular processes in MIBC, a recently developed small-molecule inhibitor of KMT9 (KMI169) also impairs cancer cell proliferation. Since KMT9α depletion also restricts the growth of xenografts in mice, our data suggest that KMT9 is an actionable novel therapeutic target for the treatment of MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainab Totonji
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Anna Ramos-Triguero
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Dominica Willmann
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Manuela Sum
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Sylvia Urban
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Helena Bauer
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Astrid Rieder
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Sheng Wang
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Holger Greschik
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
| | - Eric Metzger
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, Standort Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Schüle
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (S.T.)
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, Standort Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Li Y, Kong Y, An M, Luo Y, Zheng H, Lin Y, Chen J, Yang J, Liu L, Luo B, Huang J, Lin T, Chen C. ZEB1-mediated biogenesis of circNIPBL sustains the metastasis of bladder cancer via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:191. [PMID: 37528489 PMCID: PMC10394821 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) circularized by back-splicing of pre-mRNA are widely expressed and affected the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer (BCa). However, the mechanism underlying circRNA biogenesis in mediating the distant metastasis of BCa still unexplored. METHODS RNA sequencing data between BCa and normal adjacent tissues was applied to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs. The functions of circNIPBL in BCa were investigated via a series of biochemical experiments. The Clinical significance of circNIPBL was examined in a cohort of larger BCa tissues. RESULTS In the present study, we identified a novel circRNA (hsa_circ_0001472), circNIPBL, which was significantly upregulated and had great influence on the poor prognosis of patients with BCa. Functionally, circNIPBL promotes BCa metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circNIPBL upregulate the expression of Wnt5a and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via directly sponged miR-16-2-3p, leading to the upregulation of ZEB1, which triggers the EMT of BCa. Moreover, we revealed that ZEB1 interacted with the flanking introns of exons 2-9 on NIPBL pre-mRNA to trigger circNIPBL biogenesis, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Importantly, circNIPBL overexpression significantly facilitated the distant metastasis of BCa in the orthotopic bladder cancer model, while silencing ZEB1 remarkably blocked the effects of metastasis induced by circNIPBL overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights that circNIPBL-induced Wnt signaling pathway activation triggers ZEB1-mediated circNIPBL biogenesis, which forms a positive feedback loop via the circNIPBL/miR-16-2-3p/Wnt5a/ZEB1 axis, supporting circNIPBL as a novel therapeutic target and potential biomarker for BCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yao Kong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie An
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Luo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hanhao Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jiancheng Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Baoming Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Changhao Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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Makrakis D, Talukder R, Diamantopoulos LN, Carril-Ajuria L, Castellano D, De Kouchkovsky I, Koshkin VS, Park JJ, Alva A, Bilen MA, Stewart TF, McKay RR, Santos VS, Agarwal N, Jain J, Zakharia Y, Morales-Barrera R, Devitt ME, Grant M, Lythgoe MP, Pinato DJ, Nelson A, Hoimes CJ, Shreck E, Gartrell BA, Sankin A, Tripathi A, Zakopoulou R, Bamias A, Murgic J, Fröbe A, Rodriguez-Vida A, Drakaki A, Liu S, Kumar V, Di Lorenzo G, Joshi M, Isaacsson-Velho P, Buznego LA, Duran I, Moses M, Barata P, Sonpavde G, Yu EY, Wright JL, Grivas P, Khaki AR. Association of prior local therapy and outcomes with programmed-death ligand-1 inhibitors in advanced urothelial cancer. BJU Int 2022; 130:592-603. [PMID: 34597472 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare clinical outcomes with programmed-death ligand-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) who have vs have not undergone radical surgery (RS) or radiation therapy (RT) prior to developing metastatic disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study collecting clinicopathological, treatment and outcomes data for patients with aUC receiving ICIs across 25 institutions. We compared outcomes (observed response rate [ORR], progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival [OS]) between patients with vs without prior RS, and by type of prior locoregional treatment (RS vs RT vs no locoregional treatment). Patients with de novo advanced disease were excluded. Analysis was stratified by treatment line (first-line and second-line or greater [second-plus line]). Logistic regression was used to compare ORR, while Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used for PFS and OS. Multivariable models were adjusted for known prognostic factors. RESULTS We included 562 patients (first-line: 342 and second-plus line: 220). There was no difference in outcomes based on prior locoregional treatment among those treated with first-line ICIs. In the second-plus-line setting, prior RS was associated with higher ORR (adjusted odds ratio 2.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.19-5.74]), longer OS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.61, 95% CI 0.42-0.88) and PFS (aHR 0.63, 95% CI 0.45-0.89) vs no prior RS. This association remained significant when type of prior locoregional treatment (RS and RT) was modelled separately. CONCLUSION Prior RS before developing advanced disease was associated with better outcomes in patients with aUC treated with ICIs in the second-plus-line but not in the first-line setting. While further validation is needed, our findings could have implications for prognostic estimates in clinical discussions and benchmarking for clinical trials. Limitations include the study's retrospective nature, lack of randomization, and possible selection and confounding biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Makrakis
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rafee Talukder
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lucia Carril-Ajuria
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan De Kouchkovsky
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vadim S Koshkin
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph J Park
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ajjai Alva
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mehmet A Bilen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tyler F Stewart
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rana R McKay
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victor S Santos
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jayanshu Jain
- Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rafael Morales-Barrera
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d' Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael E Devitt
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Grant
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark P Lythgoe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J Pinato
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ariel Nelson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Seidman Cancer Center at Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Christopher J Hoimes
- Division of Medical Oncology, Seidman Cancer Center at Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Evan Shreck
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin A Gartrell
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alex Sankin
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Abhishek Tripathi
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Roubini Zakopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Bamias
- 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Jure Murgic
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Fröbe
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alejo Rodriguez-Vida
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Drakaki
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandy Liu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Monika Joshi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pedro Isaacsson-Velho
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Oncology, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Ignacio Duran
- Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Marcus Moses
- Deming Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Pedro Barata
- Deming Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Guru Sonpavde
- Genitourinary Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan Y Yu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Petros Grivas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali Raza Khaki
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Małkiewicz B, Gurwin A, Karwacki J, Nagi K, Knecht-Gurwin K, Hober K, Łyko M, Kowalczyk K, Krajewski W, Kołodziej A, Szydełko T. Management of Bladder Cancer Patients with Clinical Evidence of Lymph Node Invasion (cN+). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5286. [PMID: 36358705 PMCID: PMC9656528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to present the current knowledge about the diagnostic and treatment options for bladder cancer (BCa) patients with clinically positive lymph nodes (cN+). This review shows compaction of CT and MRI performance in preoperative prediction of lymph node invasion (LNI) in BCa patients, along with other diagnostic methods. Most scientific societies do not distinguish cN+ patients in their guidelines; recommendations concern muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and differ between associations. The curative treatment that provides the best long-term survival in cN+ patients is a multimodal approach, with a combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC) with extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). The role of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) remains uncertain; however, emerging evidence indicates comparable outcomes to NAC. Therefore, in cN+ patients who have not received NAC, AC should be implemented. The response to ChT is a crucial prognostic factor for cN+ patients. Recent studies demonstrated the growing importance of immunotherapy, especially in ChT-ineligible patients. Moreover, immunotherapy can be suitable as adjuvant therapy in selected cases. In cN+ patients, the extended template of PLND should be utilized, with the total resected node count being less important than the template. This review is intended to draw special attention to cN+ BCa patients, as the oncological outcomes are significantly worse for this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Małkiewicz
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Gurwin
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Karwacki
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Nagi
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Knecht-Gurwin
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Hober
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Łyko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kowalczyk
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kołodziej
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szydełko
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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5
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Wang J, Luo J, Wu X, Li Z. ELK1 suppresses SYTL1 expression by recruiting HDAC2 in bladder cancer progression. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1961-1975. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Lonati C, Mordasini L, Afferi L, De Cobelli O, Di Trapani E, Necchi A, Colombo R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Simeone C, Zamboni S, Simone G, Karnes RJ, Marra G, Soria F, Gontero P, Shariat SF, Pradere B, Hendricksen K, Ammiwala M, Rink M, Poyet C, Krajewski W, Baumeister P, Mattei A, Moschini M, Carando R. Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative lymph node staging of bladder cancer according to different lymph node locations: A multicenter cohort from the European Association of Urology - Young Academic Urologists. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:195.e27-195.e35. [PMID: 35236621 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preoperative lymph node (LN) staging of bladder cancer (BCa) addresses the subsequent therapeutic strategy and influences patient's prognosis. However, sparce evidence exists regarding the accuracy of conventional cross-sectional imaging, such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, in correctly detect LN status. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of conventional cross-sectional imaging in detecting preoperative LN involvement among BCa patients treated with radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data of 1,104 patients who underwent preoperative LN staging with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and subsequent radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection for BCa between 1997 and 2017 at three tertiary referral centers. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. We assessed the concordance between clinical (cN) and pathological LN (pN) status, defined as the accuracy of imaging in detecting LN involvement using pathological specimen as reference; concordance was expressed according to Cohen's kappa coefficient. Location-based sub-analyses were performed, distinguishing among external iliac, intern iliac, obturator, common iliac, presacral and paraaortic LNs. RESULTS Among 870 cN0 patients, 68.9% were confirmed pN0 at pathological report; while among 234 cN+ patients, 50.5% were found with LN metastases at pathological specimen. Overall, conventional imaging showed slight concordance (64.9%) between cN and pN stages (sensitivity: 30%; specificity: 84%). At sub-analysis, no agreement between cN and pN status was found in each LN location, with the only exception of common iliac LNs with slight concordance (37.5%). Common iliac LNs achieved the highest sensitivity and positive likelihood ratio (15% and 2.4, respectively) compared to other LN locations. CONCLUSIONS Overall, preoperative cross-sectional imaging exhibited a slight concordance between cN and pN status. Our location-based sub-analyses showed unsatisfactory results in each LN location- Thus, nomograms combining morphological patterns with serological and clinicopathological features are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lonati
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Department of Urology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Livio Mordasini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Afferi
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Ottavio De Cobelli
- Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Di Trapani
- Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Necchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Colombo
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Simeone
- Department of Urology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Zamboni
- Department of Urology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Marra
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino School of Medicine, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Soria
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino School of Medicine, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Gontero
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino School of Medicine, Torino, Italy
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Urology, Hospital Motol, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, CHRU Tours, Francois Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Kees Hendricksen
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maida Ammiwala
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cédric Poyet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Agostino Mattei
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology; URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Carando
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland; Clinica Luganese Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland; Clinica S.Anna, Swiss Medical Group, Sorengo, Switzerland; Clinica Santa Chiara, Locarno, Switzerland
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7
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Hu J, Zheng Z, Zheng J, Xie W, Su H, Yang J, Xu Z, Shen Z, Yu H, Fan X, Kong J, Han J. A Model for Identifying Optimal Patients for Primary Tumor Resection in Patients With Metastatic Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:809664. [PMID: 35127521 PMCID: PMC8807493 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.809664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A survival benefit was observed in metastatic bladder cancer patients who underwent primary tumor resection, but it was still confusing which patients are suitable for the surgery. For this purpose, we developed a model to screen stage M1 patients who would benefit from primary tumor resection. Methods Patients with metastatic bladder cancer were screened from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004–2016) and then were divided into surgery (partial or complete cystectomy) group and non-surgery group. To balance the characteristics between them, a 1:1 propensity score matching analysis was applied. A hypothesis was proposed that the received primary tumor resection group has a more optimistic prognosis than the other group. The multivariable Cox model was used to explore the independent factors of survival time in two groups (beneficial and non-beneficial groups). Logistic regression was used to build a nomogram based on the significant predictive factors. Finally, a variety of methods are used to evaluate our model. Results A total of 7,965 patients with metastatic bladder cancer were included. And 3,314 patients met filtering standards, of which 545 (16.4%) received partial or complete cystectomy. Plots of the Kaplan–Meier and subgroup analyses confirmed our hypothesis. After propensity score matching analysis, a survival benefit was still observed that the surgery group has a longer median overall survival time (11.0 vs. 6.0 months, p < 0.001). Among the surgery cohort, 303 (65.8%) patients lived longer than 6 months (beneficial group). Differentiated characteristics included age, gender, TNM stage, histologic type, differentiation grade, and therapy, which were integrated as predictors to build a nomogram. The nomogram showed good discrimination in both training and validation cohorts (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC): 0.806 and 0.742, respectively), and the calibration curves demonstrated good consistency. Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram was clinically useful. Compared with TNM staging, our model shows a better predictive value in identifying optimal patients for primary tumor resection. Conclusions A practical predictive model was created and verified, which might be used to identify the optimal candidates for the partial or complete cystectomy group of the primary tumor among metastatic bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenming Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjiong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huabin Su
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingtian Yang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixin Xu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zefeng Shen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxiang Fan
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiu Kong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinli Han, ; Jianqiu Kong,
| | - Jinli Han
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinli Han, ; Jianqiu Kong,
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8
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Gupta P, Kumar N, Garg M. Emerging roles of autophagy in the development and treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:787-797. [PMID: 34636265 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1992384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High recurrence rates, frequent surveillance strategies, and current multidisciplinary treatment approaches make urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB) one of the most expensive cancers to clinically manage. Recent studies have demonstrated a role for autophagy in bladder tumorigenesis. It serves as a tumor suppressor by maintaining genomic integrity and preventing tumor proliferation during initial stages of tumor development. Nevertheless, once established, cancer cells may utilize protective autophagy to endure cellular stress and survive in the adverse environment. Its excessive stimulation supports cancer cells' resistance to therapeutic modalities. AREAS COVERED PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched for recently published studies. This review summarizes emerging roles of autophagy in development/progression of UCB and treatment resistance and explores novel therapeutic targets for prevention of cancer invasion, metastatic spread', and disease relapse. EXPERT OPINION The development of novel therapies via targeting of autophagy may augment current treatment regimens and improve clinical outcomes. Synthetic compounds or plant-based metabolites are reported to enhance cancer therapies by modulating autophagic flux. Successful autophagy-focused therapeutic intervention requires a mechanistic understanding of autophagic effects on tumor initiation and progression and the development of efficient biomarkers to monitor it in tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratishtha Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Niraj Kumar
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad, India
| | - Minal Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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9
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Wang Y, Gao J, Hu S, Zeng W, Yang H, Chen H, Wang S. SLC25A21 Suppresses Cell Growth in Bladder Cancer via an Oxidative Stress-Mediated Mechanism. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682710. [PMID: 34568013 PMCID: PMC8458862 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BCa) is a commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide that has poor survival depending on its intrinsic biologic aggressiveness and a peculiar radio- and chemoresistance features. Gaining a better understanding of tumorigenesis and developing new diagnosis and treatment strategies for BCa is important for improving BCa clinical outcome. SLC25 family member 21 (SLC25A21), a carrier transporting C5-C7 oxodicarboxylates, has been reported to contribute to oxoadipate acidemia. However, the potential role of SLC25A21 in cancer remains absolutely unknown. Methods The expression levels of SLC25A21 in BCa and normal tissues were examined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Gain-of- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to detect the biological functions of SLC25A21 in vitro and in vivo by CCK-8 assay, plate colony formation assay, cell migration, invasion assay and experimental animal models. The subcellular distribution of substrate mediated by SLC25A21, mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production were assessed to explore the potential mechanism of SLC25A21 in BCa. Results We found that the expression of SLC25A21 was downregulated in BCa tissues compared to normal tissues. A significant positive correlation between decreased SLC25A21 expression and poor prognosis was observed in BCa patients. Overexpression of SLC25A21 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induced apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, the enhanced SLC25A21 expression significantly suppressed tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, we revealed that SLC25A21 suppressed BCa growth by inducing the efflux of mitochondrial α-KG to the cytosol, decreasing to against oxidative stress, and activating the ROS-mediated mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis pathway. Conclusions Our findings provide the first link between SLC25A21 expression and BCa and demonstrate that SLC25A21 acts as a crucial suppressor in BCa progression, which may help to provide new targets for BCa intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiawen Gao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Hu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiting Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Reddy AG, Sparks AD, Darwish C, Whalen MJ. Oncologic Outcomes for Robotic Vs. Open Radical Cystectomy Among Locally Advanced and Node-Positive Patients: Analysis of The National Cancer Database. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2021; 19:547-553. [PMID: 34344592 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite concerns of atypical recurrence following robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC), utilization of the modality is increasing. The presumed mechanisms of peritoneal immunomodulation and pneumoperitoneum-induced tumor cell intravasation are especially relevant for higher stage, locally advanced disease, where intrinsic metastatic potential of tumor cells may be greater. This study aims to compare the oncologic outcomes and survival after RARC compared to open radical cystectomy (ORC) among patients with stage pT3-4 or node-positive muscle-invasive bladder cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective cohort analysis of pT3-4N0-3 and pT(any)N1-3 patients who underwent RARC or ORC was performed using the National Cancer Database (2010-2016) to investigate perioperative and oncologic outcomes. RESULTS 9,062 ORC cases and 2,544 RARC cases met inclusion criteria. The robotic approach was significantly associated with superior unadjusted survival compared to open as well as lower proportions of unadjusted 30- and 90-day mortality, lower positive margin status, and shorter surgical inpatient stay (all respective P<.05). However, after adjusting for confounding covariates, multivariable analysis revealed no difference in mortality hazard or odds of any of the above secondary outcomes with the exception of shorter inpatient stay and higher lymph node yield. Patients treated with RARC were more likely to have neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS RARC is no less safe than ORC for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer on the basis of overall, 30- and 90-day survival. Unadjusted mortality and surgical outcomes demonstrate advantages to RARC, which are attenuated after multivariate analysis. Perioperative benefits may favor the robotic approach, consistent with previous randomized control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew D Sparks
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates
| | | | - Michael J Whalen
- Department of Urology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences
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11
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Claps F, Rai S, Mir MC, van Rhijn BWG, Mazzon G, Davis LE, Valadon CL, Silvestri T, Rizzo M, Ankem M, Liguori G, Celia A, Trombetta C, Pavan N. Prognostic value of preoperative albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) in patients with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy. Urol Oncol 2021; 39:835.e9-835.e17. [PMID: 34049782 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prognostic role of albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) for the prediction of oncological outcomes in a multi-institutional cohort of bladder cancer (BC) patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed a multicenter cohort of patients treated with upfront RC for localized (cT1-4aN0M0) BC. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the ability of AFR to predict non-organ confined (NOC) disease and lymph-node involvement (LNI) at time of RC. Multivariable Cox' regression models were performed to evaluate the prognostic effect of AFR on Time-to-Progression (TTP), overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). RESULTS A cut-off value to discriminate between low and high AFR was determined by calculating the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under the curve was 0.73 with an optimal cut-off at 9.53. Data were available for 246 patients (91 with low AFR, 155 with high AFR). Low AFR was associated with characteristics of tumor aggressiveness and independently predicted NOC (OR 2.11, P = 0.02) and LNI (OR 1.58, P = 0.04) at final pathological report. On multivariable Cox' regression analyses, preoperative low AFR was independently associated with worse TTP (HR 2.21, P = 0.02), OS (HR 2.24, P = 0.03), and CSS (HR 2.70, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Preoperative low AFR is a prognostic biomarker for worse TTP, OS, CSS, and is independently associated with adverse tumor pathological features in BC patients undergoing RC. Our results suggest that especially patients with low AFR may be considered for neoadjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Claps
- Urological Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Department of Urology, Valencian Oncology Institute Foundation, FIVO, Valencia, Spain; Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Samarpit Rai
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Maria Carmen Mir
- Department of Urology, Valencian Oncology Institute Foundation, FIVO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bas W G van Rhijn
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Mazzon
- Department of Urology, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano del Grappa, Italy
| | | | | | - Tommaso Silvestri
- Department of Urology, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano del Grappa, Italy
| | - Michele Rizzo
- Urological Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Murali Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Giovanni Liguori
- Urological Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Celia
- Department of Urology, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano del Grappa, Italy
| | - Carlo Trombetta
- Urological Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Pavan
- Urological Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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12
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Surgical intervention in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and lymph node metastasis. Curr Opin Urol 2021; 31:220-225. [PMID: 33742983 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To systematically review the most recent evidence on the role of surgery in patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder and lymph node metastasis. RECENT FINDINGS Patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder and lymph node metastasis have a poor prognosis. The mainstay treatment for these patients is systemic chemotherapy. However, slowly growing body of literature suggests that multimodal therapy comprised of radical cystectomy, lymph node dissection, and perioperative chemotherapy is more effective than either chemotherapy or surgery alone. The timing of chemotherapy, whether preoperative or adjuvant chemotherapy, is still controversial, but the current evidence indicates that patients who achieve a major or complete response after induction chemotherapy appear to benefit from the surgical intervention in the form of radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. The limit of lymph node dissection has to be determined. SUMMARY Multimodal therapy is associated with better survival outcomes in bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. The current guidelines recommend systemic chemotherapy as the mainstay of treatment for these patients, and there is no convincing evidence on the efficacy of surgical intervention in isolation. Nonetheless, studies comparing multiple treatment modalities demonstrated that surgical salvage therapy is beneficial only when combined with chemotherapy. The methodological limitations of the current literature preclude a robust conclusion of survival advantage. Further studies are needed to help improve imaging for detecting lymph node metastasis and novel strategies to enrich our multimodal therapeutic implementation.
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13
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EGFR-AS1 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Upregulating EGFR. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6665974. [PMID: 33426060 PMCID: PMC7781701 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6665974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs play an essential role in bladder cancer progression. The role of long noncoding RNA EGFR-AS1 in bladder cancer needs further study. We used clinical specimens to analyze the relationship between EGFR-AS1 and bladder cancer patients' characteristics. The functional experiments and mechanism studies were performed using qRT-PCR, transwell assay, survival analysis, and correlation analysis. We found that high expression of EGFR-AS1 was nearly related to aggressive bladder cancer and indicated poor prognosis for patients. The functional experiments in vivo and in vitro suggested that EGFR-AS1 promoted the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Mechanically, EGFR-AS1 promoted the expression of EGFR by inhibiting the degradation of EGFR mRNA, thereby promoting the metastasis of bladder cancer. In addition, EGFR-AS1/EGFR may be involved in the immune-related pathways of bladder cancer. These studies indicate that the EGFR-AS1/EGFR pathway may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
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14
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Wang P, Zang S, Li G, Qu W, Li S, Qiao Q, Jiang Y. The role of surgery on the primary tumor site in bladder cancer with distant metastasis: significance of histology type and metastatic pattern. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9293-9302. [PMID: 33107706 PMCID: PMC7774714 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited data and research on bladder cancer with distant metastasis, the role of surgery on the primary tumor site in metastatic bladder cancer has been controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of surgery on patients with metastatic bladder cancer and to identify any factors correlated with the treatment efficacy. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results dataset, we performed a large population-based retrospective study. We classified patents with distant metastasis into subgroups according to their histology type and metastatic pattern. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance clinical variables bias in a 1:3 ratio. A total of 2470 patients with distant metastasis were identified from 2010 to 2016. After PSM, the study eventually included 1068 patients in the surgery group and 356 patients in the non-surgery group. The histologic types, the number of metastatic sites, liver metastasis, surgery, and chemotherapy were significant prognostic variables for patients with distant metastasis before and after PSM. In terms of histologic types, the survival of patients with transitional cell papillary carcinoma, transitional cell non-papillary carcinoma and adenocarcinoma can be improved by surgery alone, while the survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma can be improved only by combining chemotherapy and surgery. In terms of the number of metastatic sites, surgery alone was an independent prognostic factor in patients with 1 or 2 metastatic sites. In terms of the specificity of metastatic organs, surgery affected overall survival for patients with bone metastasis only, liver metastasis only and lung metastasis only, but for distant lymph nodes metastasis only. It may be helpful to classify patients with bladder cancer and distant metastasis into different groups by integrating variables including histology types and metastatic patterns to choose appropriate treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Shuang Zang
- School of NursingChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Guangqi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Weiling Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Shuyao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qiao Qiao
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yuanjun Jiang
- Department of Urologythe First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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15
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Ornaghi PI, Afferi L, Antonelli A, Cerruto MA, Mordasini L, Mattei A, Baumeister P, Marra G, Krajewski W, Mari A, Soria F, Pradere B, Xylinas E, Tafuri A, Moschini M. Frailty impact on postoperative complications and early mortality rates in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a systematic review. Arab J Urol 2020; 19:9-23. [PMID: 33763244 PMCID: PMC7954492 DOI: 10.1080/2090598x.2020.1841538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the prevalence of frailty, a status of vulnerability to stressors leading to adverse health events, in bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC), and test the impact of frailty measurements on postoperative adverse outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of English-language articles published up to April 2020 was performed. Electronic databases were searched to quantify the frailty prevalence in RC patients and assess the predictive ability of frailty indexes on RC-related outcomes as postoperative complications, early mortality, hospitalization length (LOS), costs, discharge dispositions, readmission rate. Results: Eleven studies were selected. Patients’ frailty was identified by Johns Hopkins indicator (JHI) in two studies, 11-item modified Frailty Index (mFI) in four, 5-item simplified FI (sFI) in three, 15-point mFI in one, Fried Frailty Criteria in one. Considering all the frailty measurements applied, 8% and 31% of patients were frail or pre-frail, respectively. Frail (43%) and pre-frail patients (35%) were more at risk of major complications compared to non-frail (27%) using sFI; with JHI the percentages of frail and non-frail were 53% versus 19%. According to JHI and mFI frailty was related to longer LOS and higher costs. JHI identified that 3% of frail patients experience in-hospital mortality versus 1.5% of non-frail. Finally, using sFI, frail (28%), and pre-frail (19%) were more likely to be discharged non-home compared to non-frail patients (8%) and had a higher risk of 30-day mortality (4% and 2% versus 1%). Conclusions: Almost half of RC patients were frail or pre-frail, conditions significantly related to an increased risk of postoperative adverse events with higher rates of major complications and early mortality. The most-used frailty index was mFI, while JHI and sFI resulted the most reliable to predict early postoperative RC-related adverse outcomes and should be routinely included in clinical practice after better standardization throughout prospective comparative studies. Abbreviations: ACG: Adjusted Clinical Groups; ACS: American College Surgeons; AUC: area under the curve; BCa: bladder cancer; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CSHA-FI: Canadian Study of Health and Aging Frailty Index; CCS: Clavien-Dindo Classification Score; ERAS: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery; FFC: Fried Frailty Criteria; (e)(m)(s)FI: (extended) (modified) (simplified) Frailty Index; ICU: intensive care unit; IQR: interquartile range; (p)LOS: (prolonged) length of hospital stay; NSQIP: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program; OR: odds ratio; (O)PN: (open) partial nephrectomy; PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses; (O)(RA)RC: (open)(robot-assisted) radical cystectomy; (O)RN: (open) radical nephrectomy; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; RNU: radical nephroureterectomy; (R)RP: (retropubic) radical prostatectomy; RR: relative risk; THCs: total hospital charges; nephrectomy; UD: urinary diversion
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola I Ornaghi
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.,Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Afferi
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria A Cerruto
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Livio Mordasini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Agostino Mattei
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - Giancarlo Marra
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- Department of Urology and Oncologic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrea Mari
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Soria
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, CHRU Tours, Francois Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Evanguelos Xylinas
- Department of Urology, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Alessandro Tafuri
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Moschini M, Afferi L, Gandaglia G, D'Andrea D, Zamboni S, Di Bona C, Mordasini L, Mattei A, Baumeister P, Martini A, Burgio G, Shariat SF, Sanchez-Salas R, Cathelineau X, Stabile A, Zaffuto E, Salonia A, Colombo R, Necchi A, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Gallina A. Prediction of the Need for an Extended Lymphadenectomy at the Time of Radical Cystectomy in Patients with Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol Focus 2020; 7:1067-1074. [PMID: 33020030 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prospective randomized trial (LEA AUO AB 25/02) found no survival benefit in extended compared with limited pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) templates in bladder cancer (BCa) patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC). However, the rate of lymph node invasion (LNI) in the standard and extended templates was lower than estimated. OBJECTIVE To assess the accuracy of preoperative clinical and pathological parameters to predict LNI and to develop a model to preoperatively select candidates for the extended PLND templates. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 903 BCa patients treated at a single institution were retrospectively identified. The primary outcome was to identify preoperatively the risk of LNI to tailor the type of PLND. The extended PLND templates consisted in the removal of pelvic lymph nodes together with the common iliac, presacral, para-aortocaval, interaortocaval, and paracaval sites up to the inferior mesenteric artery. INTERVENTION A total of 903 BCa patients were treated with RC and bilateral extended PLND templates. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Several models predicting LNI were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration plots and decision curve analyses. A nomogram predicting LNI in the extended pattern was developed and validated internally. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Overall, 55 patients (6.1%) had LNI in the extended PLND templates at RC. The median number of nodes removed was 19 (interquartile range: 13-26). A model including age, clinical T stage, clinical node stage, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of carcinoma in situ at the last transurethral resection before RC was developed. The AUC of this model is 73%. Using a cutoff of 3%, 108 extended PLNDs (12%) would be spared and only two LNIs (3%) would be missed. The main limitations of our model are the retrospective nature of the data, lack of external validation, and low rate of LNI. CONCLUSIONS This is the first proposed model to predict LNI in the extended PLND templates. This model might help urologists identify which patients might benefit from an extended PLND at the time of RC, reserving a standard PLND for all the others. PATIENT SUMMARY We developed the first nomogram to predict lymph node invasion (LNI) in the extended pelvic lymph node dissection templates in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. The adoption of our model to identify candidates for the extended pelvic lymph node dissection templates could avoid up to 12% of these procedures at the cost of missing only 3% of patients with LNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
| | - Luca Afferi
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Gandaglia
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - David D'Andrea
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefania Zamboni
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Di Bona
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Livio Mordasini
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Agostino Mattei
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alberto Martini
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giusy Burgio
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Sanchez-Salas
- Department of Urology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Cathelineau
- Department of Urology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris and Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Armando Stabile
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Zaffuto
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Colombo
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Necchi
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gallina
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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曹 圆, 许 凯, 陈 玢, 王 奕, 李 炳, 李 朝, 徐 鹏. [Expression of DNMT3b in human bladder cancer tissue and its correlation with clinical prognosis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1295-1300. [PMID: 32990224 PMCID: PMC7544589 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of DNMT3b in human bladder cancer tissues and its correlation with postoperative survival of patients with bladder cancer. METHODS Thirty-eight pairs of surgically resected human bladder cancer tissues and adjacent bladder tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry for DNMT3b expression, and the correlations of DNMT3b expression level were analyzed with the patients'age, gender, pathological grade, tumor size, T stage, lymph node metastasis and TNM stages. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess the effect of DNMT3b expression on survival outcomes of the patients. RESULTS High DNMT3b protein expression was detected in 63.16% of the bladder cancer tissues and in 13.16% of the adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). The expression level of DNMT3b was associated with the pathological grade (P=0.002), tumor size (P < 0.001), T stage (P < 0.001), lymphatic metastasis (P=0.039) and TNM stage (P < 0.001), but not with gender or age of the patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the protein expression level of DNMT3b was correlated with tumor size (P=0.008) and TNM grades of the tumor (P=0.042). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the patients with a high DNMT3b expression had a significantly shorter overall survival than those with a low DNMT3b expression (P=0.021). CONCLUSIONS DNMT3b overexpression in bladder cancer is closely related to such clinicopathological factors as pathological grade, tumor size, T stage, lymphatic metastasis, and TNM stage and a shorter overall survival of the patients, suggesting the potential value of DNMT3b as a prognostic marker and a new therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- 圆 曹
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 凯 许
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 玢屾 陈
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 奕铭 王
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 炳坤 李
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 朝明 李
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 鹏 徐
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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18
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Moschini M. From Basic Science to Clinical Research to Develop New Solutions to Improve Diagnoses and Treatment of Bladder Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082373. [PMID: 32722358 PMCID: PMC7463955 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Urological Research Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Luzerner Kantonsspital, Spitalstrasse, CH-6000 Luzern, Switzerland
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19
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Li B, Guo LH, Ban ZQ, Liu L, Luo L, Cui TY. Upregulation of lncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 predicts poor prognosis in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21059. [PMID: 32664121 PMCID: PMC7360260 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) has been recognized as an oncogenic lncRNA, which participates in the migration and invasion of many kinds of cancer cells and the development of cancers. In the present study, we explored its clinical significance and prognostic value in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).A total of 98 MIBC patients' samples were collected, who had undergone radical cystectomy from the March 2013 to December 2018. The associations between PVT1 expression and clinical data were calculated using the Chi-test. Overall survival curves were determined by the Kaplan-Meier technique and contrasted via log-rank test. We utilized univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to examine the HR and 95% CI.The expression levels of PVT1 were significantly higher in MIBC tissues than that in normal bladder tissues (P < .001). PVT1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor grade (P = .009), margin (P = .002), T stage (P = .02), and lymph node metastasis (P < .001). MIBC patients with high PVT1 expression level had shorter overall survival than those with low PVT1 expression level (log-rank test, P = .004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that PVT1 expression level (HR = 2.381, 95% CI: 1.821-7.012, P = .014) was an independent factor in predicting the overall survival of MIBC patients.In summary, increased PVT1 expression in MIBC patients is correlated with a higher MIBC stage and is significantly associated with poor prognosis for MIBC patients, which may provide new insights into new therapeutic strategy and postoperative intervention against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Li-hua Guo
- Department of Operation Room, Changle People's Hospital
| | - Zi-qin Ban
- Community Health Service Center of Haikou Road, Zhuhai subdistrict, Shinan district, Qingdao
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University
| | - Tong-yue Cui
- Department of Operation Room, Changle People's Hospital
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20
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Wang L, Zhang Q, Wu P, Xiang W, Xie D, Wang N, Deng M, Cao K, Zeng H, Xu Z, Xiaoming Liu, He L, Long Z, Tan J, Wang J, Liu B, Liu J. SLC12A5 interacts and enhances SOX18 activity to promote bladder urothelial carcinoma progression via upregulating MMP7. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2349-2360. [PMID: 32449280 PMCID: PMC7385366 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 12 member 5 (SLC12A5) has an oncogenic role in bladder urothelial carcinoma. The present study aimed to characterize the molecular mechanisms of SLC12A5 in bladder urothelial carcinoma pathogenesis. Functional assays identified that in bladder urothelial carcinoma SLC12A5 interacts with and stabilizes SOX18, and then upregulates matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7). In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to confirm the effect of SLC12A5’s interaction with SOX18 on MMP7‐mediated bladder urothelial carcinoma progression. SLC12A5 was upregulated in human bladder tumors, and correlated with the poor survival of patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma tumor invasion and metastasis, promoted by SLC12A5 overexpression. We demonstrated that SLC12A5 interacted with SOX18, and then upregulated MMP7, thus enhancing tumor progression. Importantly, SLC12A5 expression correlated positively with SOX18 and MMP7 expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Furthermore, SLC12A5 expression was suppressed by miR‐133a‐3p. Ectopic expression of SLC12A5 partly abolished miR‐133a‐3p‐mediated suppression of cell migration. SLC12A5‐SOX18 complex‐mediated upregulation on MMP7 was important in bladder urothelial carcinoma progression. The miR‐133a‐3p/SLC12A5/SOX18/MMP7 signaling axis was critical for progression, and provided an effective therapeutic approach against bladder urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Department of Operation Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhua Deng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenzhou Xu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Digestive, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Leye He
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Long
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianye Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Stachowiak M, Szymanski M, Ornoch A, Jancewicz I, Rusetska N, Chrzan A, Demkow T, Siedlecki JA, Sarnowski TJ, Sarnowska E. SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and glucose metabolism are deregulated in advanced bladder cancer. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1175-1188. [PMID: 32073734 PMCID: PMC7317882 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a frequently diagnosed malignancy affecting predominantly adult and elderly populations. It is expected that due to the longer life time, BC will become even more frequent in the future; thus in consequence, it will represent serious health problem of older society part. The treatment of advanced BC is mostly ineffective due to its very aggressive behavior. So far, no effective targeted therapy is used for BC treatment. Here, we found that BC is characterized by lower protein levels of BRM, INI1, and BAF155 main subunits of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex (CRC) which is involved in global control of gene expression and influences various important cellular processes like: cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA repair, etc. Moreover, the expression of SMARCA2, a BRM encoding gene, strongly correlated with BC metastasis and expression of such metabolic genes as PKM2 and PRKAA1. Furthermore, the analysis of T24 and 5637 commonly used BC cell lines revealed different expression levels of metabolic genes including FBP1 gene encoding Frutose-1,6-Bisphosphatase, an enzyme controlling glycolysis flux and gluconeogenesis. The tested BC cell lines exhibited various molecular and metabolic alterations as well as differential glucose uptake, growth rate, and migration potential. We have shown that BRM subunit is involved in the transcriptional control of genes encoding metabolic enzymes. Moreover, we found that the FBP1 expression level and the SWI/SNF CRCs may serve as markers of molecular subtypes of BC. Collectively, this study may provide a new knowledge about the molecular and metabolic BC subtypes which likely will be of high importance for the clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Stachowiak
- Department of Molecular and Translational OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Michal Szymanski
- Department of Uro‐oncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Anna Ornoch
- Department of Molecular and Translational OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Iga Jancewicz
- Department of Molecular and Translational OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Natalia Rusetska
- Department of Molecular and Translational OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Alicja Chrzan
- Department of PathologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Tomasz Demkow
- Department of Uro‐oncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Janusz A. Siedlecki
- Department of Molecular and Translational OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
| | - Tomasz J. Sarnowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Elzbieta Sarnowska
- Department of Molecular and Translational OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Research Institute of OncologyWarsawPoland
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22
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CCL2 Expression in Tumor Cells and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells Shows Divergent Prognostic Potential for Bladder Cancer Patients Depending on Lymph Node Stage. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051253. [PMID: 32429318 PMCID: PMC7281525 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is the ninth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Although there are several well-established molecular and immunological classifications, markers for tumor cells and immune cells that are associated with prognosis are still needed. The chemokine CC motif ligand 2 (CCL2) could be such a marker. We analyzed the expression of CCL2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 168 muscle invasive BCa samples using a tissue microarray. Application of a single cut-off for the staining status of tumor cells (TCs; positive vs. negative) and immune cells (ICs; ≤6% of ICs vs. >6% of ICs) revealed 57 cases (33.9%) and 70 cases (41.7%) with CCL2-positive TCs or ICs, respectively. IHC results were correlated with clinicopathological and survival data. Positive CCL2 staining in TCs was associated with shorter overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) (p = 0.004, p = 0.036, and p = 0.047; log rank test) and appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for OS (RR = 1.70; p = 0.007; multivariate Cox’s regression analysis). In contrast, positive CCL2 staining in the ICs was associated with longer OS, DSS, and RFS (p = 0.032, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001; log rank test) and appeared to be an independent prognostic factor for DSS (RR = 1.77; p = 0.031; multivariate Cox’s regression analysis). Most interestingly, after separating the patients according to their lymph node status (N0 vs. N1+2), CCL2 staining in the ICs was differentially associated with prognosis. In the N0 group, CCL2 positivity in the ICs was a positive independent prognostic factor for OS (RR = 1.99; p = 0.014), DSS (RR = 3.17; p = 0.002), and RFS (RR = 3.10; p = 0.002), whereas in the N1+2 group, CCL2 positivity was a negative independent factor for OS (RR = 3.44; p = 0.019)) and RFS (RR = 4.47; p = 0.010; all multivariate Cox’s regression analyses). In summary, CCL2 positivity in TCs is a negative prognostic factor for OS, and CCL2 can mark ICs that are differentially associated with prognosis depending on the nodal stage of BCa patients. Therefore, CCL2 staining of TCs and ICs is suggested as a prognostic biomarker for BCa patients.
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23
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Afferi L, Zamboni S, Karnes RJ, Roghmann F, Sargos P, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Gallina A, Mattei A, Schulz GB, Hendricksen K, Voskuilen CS, Rink M, Poyet C, De Cobelli O, di Trapani E, Simeone C, Soligo M, Simone G, Tuderti G, Alvarez-Maestro M, Martínez-Piñeiro L, Aziz A, Shariat SF, Abufaraj M, Xylinas E, Moschini M. The impact of treatment modality on survival in patients with clinical node-positive bladder cancer: results from a multicenter collaboration. World J Urol 2020; 39:443-451. [PMID: 32356226 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-020-03205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the impact of perioperative chemotherapy on survival in cN+ BCa patients and analyze it according to the pN status. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 639 BCa patients with cTanyN1-3M0 BCa treated with radical cystectomy (RC) and bilateral lymph node dissection (LND) with or without perioperative chemotherapy in ten tertiary referral centers from 1990 to 2017. Selected cN+ patients received induction chemotherapy (IC), whereas adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) was delivered to selected pN+ patients. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to predict overall mortality (OM) after surgery, adjusting for clinicopathological confounders. Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed OM according to the treatment modality. RESULTS Overall, 356 (56%) patients were treated with surgery alone, 155 (24%) with IC followed by surgery, and 128 (20%) with ACT following surgery. Over a median follow-up of 25 months, 316 deaths were recorded. At univariable analysis, patients treated with IC and surgery had lower OM both considering cN+ [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49-0.87, p = 0.004] and cN+pN- patients (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.37-0.99, p = 0.05) compared to those treated with surgery alone. cN+pN+ patients treated with ACT experienced lower OM compared to those treated with IC or surgery alone at multivariable analysis (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.22-0.74, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Patients with cTany cN+ cM0 BCa benefit more in terms of OS when treated with IC followed by RC + LND compared to RC + LND alone, regardless of LNMs at final histopathology examination. More data are needed to assess the role of ACT in the management of cN+ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Afferi
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Zamboni
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
- Department of Urology, Spedali Civili Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Florian Roghmann
- Department of Urology, Marien Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Herne, Germany
| | - Paul Sargos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gallina
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Agostino Mattei
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Gerald Bastian Schulz
- Urologische Klinik Und Poliklinik, Klinikum Der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kees Hendricksen
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte S Voskuilen
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cedric Poyet
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Claudio Simeone
- Department of Urology, Spedali Civili Hospital, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tuderti
- Department of Urology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Alvarez-Maestro
- Department of Urology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Martínez-Piñeiro
- Department of Urology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Atiqullah Aziz
- Department of Urology, München Klinik Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- The National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Evanguelos Xylinas
- Department of Urology Bichat Hospital, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Moschini M, Xylinas E, Zamboni S, Mattei A, Niegisch G, Yu EY, Bamias A, Agarwal N, Sridhar SS, Sternberg CN, Vaishampayan UN, Rosenberg JE, Bellmunt J, Galsky MD, Montorsi F, Necchi A. Efficacy of Surgery in the Primary Tumor Site for Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: Analysis of an International, Multicenter, Multidisciplinary Database. Eur Urol Oncol 2020; 3:94-101. [PMID: 31307962 PMCID: PMC6954983 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of local treatment on survival in advanced-stage patients has gained interest in several malignancies; however, limited data exist regarding urothelial carcinoma (UC). OBJECTIVE To test the impact of surgery of the primary tumor site on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and overall mortality (OM) in patients affected by metastatic UC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Individual patient-level data from a multicenter collaboration, including metastatic UC patients treated with first-line cisplatin- or carboplatin-based chemotherapy administered between January 2006 and January 2011 from hospitals in the USA, Europe, Israel, and Canada. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess the effect of surgery on CSM and OM in patients affected by metastatic UC using 3-mo landmark analyses. Subgroup analyses were performed on the basis of the number of metastasis sites involved and including only patients treated with surgery before the start of chemotherapy. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Of the 326 patients included in the study, 47 (14%) were treated with surgery of the primary tumor site. Median (interquartile range) follow-up was 43 (33-45)mo. Of the patients treated with surgery, 28 (60%) were affected by a primary bladder cancer and 19 (40%) by a primary upper urinary tract tumor. On multivariable analyses, surgery was associated with a protective effect on CSM (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.59, confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.98, p=0.04) and OM (HR: 0.45, CI: 0.37-0.99, p=0.04) compared with patients treated with chemotherapy only. Similar results were found considering patients only surgically treated before the start of chemotherapy. After stratifying according to the number of metastatic sites, surgery has an effect on survival in patients with only one metastatic site, while no survival benefit was observed in patients with two or more metastatic sites. The study is limited by its retrospective nature. CONCLUSIONS We found that surgery of the primary tumor site is associated with improved survival in patients with metastatic UC who received standard chemotherapy. This effect disappears in patients affected by two or more metastatic sites. Our results need to be validated in a high-quality prospective trial. PATIENT SUMMARY In our multicenter, retrospective series, surgery in metastatic urothelial cancer patients improve survival compared with patients treated with chemotherapy only. This effect was evident in patients with limited disease extent, identified as one metastatic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moschini
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Stefania Zamboni
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Agostino Mattei
- Klinik für Urologie, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Evan Y Yu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake, UT, USA
| | - Srikala S Sridhar
- Cancer Clinical Research Unit (CCRU), Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cora N Sternberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Joaquim Bellmunt
- PSMAR-IMIM Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Urological Research Institute (URI), Unit of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Necchi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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Luzzago S, Palumbo C, Rosiello G, Pecoraro A, Deuker M, Tian Z, Shariat SF, Saad F, Cobelli O, Karakiewicz PI. The effect of radical cystectomy on survival in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. J Surg Oncol 2019; 120:1266-1275. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.25717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Luzzago
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
- Department of UrologyEuropean Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCSMilan Italy
| | - Carlotta Palumbo
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
- Urology UnitDepartment of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public HealthASST Spedali Civili of BresciaUniversity of BresciaBrescia Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rosiello
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental OncologyURI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilan Italy
| | - Angela Pecoraro
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
- Department of Urology, San Luigi Gonzaga HospitalUniversity of TurinTurin Italy
| | - Marina Deuker
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospital FrankfurtFrankfurt Germany
| | - Zhe Tian
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
| | - Shahrokh F. Shariat
- Department of UrologyComprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaVienna Austria
- Departments of UrologyWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew York New York
- Department of UrologyUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallas Texas
- Department of UrologySecond Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPrague Czech Republic
- Department of UrologyInstitute for Urology and Reproductive Health I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow Russia
| | - Fred Saad
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
| | - Ottavio Cobelli
- Department of UrologyEuropean Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCSMilan Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato‐OncologyUniversity of MilanMilan Italy
| | - Pierre I. Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes UnitDivision of UrologyUniversity of Montreal Health CenterMontreal Quebec Canada
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Chen Z, He S, Zhan Y, He A, Fang D, Gong Y, Li X, Zhou L. TGF-β-induced transgelin promotes bladder cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invadopodia formation. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:208-220. [PMID: 31420300 PMCID: PMC6796540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastatic bladder cancer (BLCA) is a lethal disease with an unmet need for study. Transgelin (TAGLN) is an actin-binding protein that affects the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton indicating its robust potential as a metastasis initiator. Here, we sought to explore the expression pattern of TAGLN and elucidate its specific functioning and mechanisms in BLCA. Methods A comprehensive assessment of TAGLN expression in BLCA was performed in three cohorts with a total of 847 patients. The potential effects of TAGLN on BLCA were further determined using clinical genomic analyses that guided the subsequent functional and mechanistic studies. In vitro migration, invasion assays and in vivo metastatic mouse model were performed to explore the biological functions of TAGLN in BLCA cells. Immunofluorescence, western blot and correlation analysis were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of TAGLN. Findings TAGLN was highly expressed in BLCA and correlated with advanced prognostic features. TAGLN promoted cell colony formation and cell migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo by inducing invadopodia formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, during which a significant correlation between TAGLN and Slug was observed. The progression-dependent correlation between TGF-β and TAGLN was analysed at both the cellular and tissue levels, while TGF-β-mediated migration was abolished by the suppression of TAGLN. Interpretation Overall, TAGLN is a promising novel prognosis biomarker of BLCA, and its metastatic mechanisms indicate that TAGLN may represent a novel target agent that can be utilized for the clinical management of invasive and metastatic BLCA. Fund This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81772703, 81672546, 81602253]; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing [71772219, 7152146]. and Innovative Fund for Doctoral Students of Peking University Health Science Center (BUM2018BSS002). Funders had no role in the design of the study, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, or the writing of this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Shiming He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yonghao Zhan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Anbang He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China.
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27
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Bianchi FM, Romagnoli D, D'Agostino D, Corsi P, Giampaoli M, Salvaggio A, Schiavina R, Brunocilla E, Artibani W, Porreca A. Is robotic approach useful to palliate advanced bladder cancer? A monocentric single surgeon experience. Cent European J Urol 2019; 72:113-120. [PMID: 31482017 PMCID: PMC6715081 DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2019.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to assess surgical and functional outcomes of 17 consecutive patients undergoing robot- assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with palliative intent in a monocentric single surgeon series. Material and methods We collected data from 17 consecutive patients who underwent RARC with palliative intent performed by a single surgeon at our institution. Patients undergoing palliative RARC were those with advanced bladder cancer (BC) or advanced comorbidities. Clinical, surgical and functional outcomes were prospectively collected. Patients completed a specific questionnaire (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bladder Cancer, FACT-BL) before and after surgery to assess the role of palliative RARC in terms of quality of life improvement. Results Median age at surgery was 78 years, with median Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and age-adjusted CCI of 3 and 7, respectively. Clinical stage was T2, T3 or T4 in 7, 8 and 2 patients respectively, with 52.9% and 29.4% with cN+ and cM+ disease. Median estimated blood loss was 200 ml, with 1 patient requiring intra-operative blood transfusion. Median hospital stay was 7 days. A total of 3 and 2 patients were re-hospitalized during the first 30 and 30–90 post-operative days, respectively. One major Clavien grade complication was recorded. At median follow-up of 8 months, 9 and 2 patients succumbed due to tumor progression and other causes. Pre-operative and post-operative FACT-BL scores improved significantly in each domain. Conclusions A RARC is a safe and feasible technique which could be offered as part of palliative care in patients with advanced BC or comorbidities. Precise guidelines for palliating BC patients should be better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mineo Bianchi
- Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi, Department of Urology, Bologna, Italy.,Abano Terme Hospital, Department of Urology, Abano Terme, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Corsi
- Abano Terme Hospital, Department of Urology, Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Marco Giampaoli
- Abano Terme Hospital, Department of Urology, Abano Terme, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Schiavina
- Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi, Department of Urology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eugenio Brunocilla
- Alma Mater Studiorum Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola Malpighi, Department of Urology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Walter Artibani
- Abano Terme Hospital, Department of Urology, Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Angelo Porreca
- Abano Terme Hospital, Department of Urology, Abano Terme, Italy
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Eckstein M, Jung R, Weigelt K, Sikic D, Stöhr R, Geppert C, Agaimy A, Lieb V, Hartmann A, Wullich B, Wach S, Taubert H. Piwi-like 1 and -2 protein expression levels are prognostic factors for muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17693. [PMID: 30523270 PMCID: PMC6283838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Piwi-like proteins are essential for stem-cell maintenance and self-renewal in multicellular organisms. We analyzed the expression of Piwi-like 1 and Piwi-like 2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 95 muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) samples using tissue microarray. Application of an immunoreactive score (IRS) revealed 37 and 45 patients who were Piwi-like 1 and -2 positive (IRS > 2). IHC results were correlated with clinico-pathological and survival data. The expression of both proteins was positively correlated with each other, lymph node metastasis and expression of CK20 and GATA 3. A negative correlation for both proteins was detected for disease-specific survival (DSS), recurrence, Ki67/MIB1 proliferation index, and CK5 expression. Detection of Piwi-like 1 protein positivity was associated with poor DSS (P = 0.019; log rank test, Kaplan-Meier analysis), and in multivariate Cox’s analysis (adjusted to tumor stage and tumor grade), it was an independent prognostic factor for DSS (RR = 2.16; P = 0.011). Piwi-like 2 positivity was associated with DSS (P = 0.008) and recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.040), and in multivariate Cox’s analysis, Piwi-like 2 positivity was an independent prognostic factor for DSS (RR = 2.46; P = 0.004) and RFS (RR = 3.0; P = 0.003). Most interestingly, in the basal type patient subgroup (CK5+/GATA3−), Piwi-like 2 positivity was associated with poorer DSS, OS and RFS (P < 0.001, P = 0.004 and P = 0.05; log rank test). In multivariate analysis, Piwi-like 2 positivity was an independent prognostic factor for DSS (RR = 12.70; P = 0.001), OS (RR = 6.62; = 0.008) and RFS (RR=13.0; P = 0.040). In summary, Piwi-like 1 and -2 positivity are associated with clinico-pathological factors and survival. Both Piwi-like proteins are suggested as biomarkers for MIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Jung
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Weigelt
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Robert Stöhr
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Carol Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Verena Lieb
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Sven Wach
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
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Miyata Y, Matsuo T, Araki K, Nakamura Y, Sagara Y, Ohba K, Sakai H. Anticancer Effects of Green Tea and the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms in Bladder Cancer. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:medicines5030087. [PMID: 30103466 PMCID: PMC6164790 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Green tea and green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are reported to inhibit carcinogenesis and malignant behavior in several diseases. Various in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that GTPs suppress the incidence and development of bladder cancer. However, at present, opinions concerning the anticancer effects and preventive role of green tea are conflicting. In addition, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of green tea in bladder cancer remain unclear, as these effects are regulated by several cancer-related factors. A detailed understanding of the pathological roles and regulatory mechanisms at the molecular level is necessary for advancing treatment strategies based on green tea consumption for patients with bladder cancer. In this review, we discuss the anticancer effects of GTPs on the basis of data presented in in vitro studies in bladder cancer cell lines and in vivo studies using animal models, as well as new treatment strategies for patients with bladder cancer, based on green tea consumption. Finally, on the basis of the accumulated data and the main findings, we discuss the potential usefulness of green tea as an antibladder cancer agent and the future direction of green tea-based treatment strategies for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Matsuo
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Kyohei Araki
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Yuji Sagara
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Kojiro Ohba
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
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30
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Chalfin HJ, Kates M, van der Toom EE, Glavaris S, Verdone JE, Hahn NM, Pienta KJ, Bivalacqua TJ, Gorin MA. Characterization of Urothelial Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells with a Novel Selection-Free Method. Urology 2018; 115:82-86. [PMID: 29432873 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers of urothelial carcinoma (UC). To date, the majority of work on this topic has utilized the CellSearch test, which has limited sensitivity due to reliance on positive selection for the cell surface protein epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). We used a novel selection-free method to enumerate and characterize CTCs across a range of UC stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples from 38 patients (9 controls, 8 nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer [NMIBC], 12 muscle-invasive bladder cancer [MIBC], and 9 metastatic UC) were processed with the AccuCyte-CyteFinder system. Slides were stained for the white blood cell markers CD45 and CD66b and the epithelial markers EpCAM and pancytokeratin. CTCs were defined as any cytokeratin postive and white blood cell marker negative cell. Separately, the more restrictive CellSearch definition was applied, with the additional requirement of EpCAM positivity. The Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test compared CTC counts by stage. RESULTS Greater than or equal to 1 CTC was detected in 2 of 8 (25%) patients with NMIBC, 7 of 12 (58%) with MIBC, and 6of 9 (67%) with metastatic disease. No control had CTCs. Comparing CTC counts between groups, the only statistically significant comparison was between controls and patients with metastatic UC (P = .009). With EpCAM positivity as a CTC requirement, no CTCs were detected in any patient with NMIBC, and only 2 (17%) patients with MIBC had CTCs. CTCs tended to be larger in metastatic patients. CONCLUSION CTCs were detected at all UC stages and exhibited phenotypic diversity of cell size and EpCAM expression. EpCAM negative CTCs that would be missed with the CellSearch test were detected in patients with NMIBC and patients with MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Chalfin
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Max Kates
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Emma E van der Toom
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Urology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Glavaris
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - James E Verdone
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Noah M Hahn
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Johns Hopkins University Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kenneth J Pienta
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; The Johns Hopkins University Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael A Gorin
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Decaestecker K, Fonteyne V, Oosterlinck W. Perspective on cytoreduction and metastasis-directed therapy in node positive and metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:1117-1122. [PMID: 29354498 PMCID: PMC5760372 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.08.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The outcome of node positive or metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (mUCB) is poor and palliative chemotherapy has long been considered the only treatment option for this patient group. Cytoreduction and metastasis-directed therapy, either by surgery or radiotherapy, has been successfully applied in other metastatic solid tumors in order to increase survival. In this article, we explore the literature supporting cytoreduction and metastasis-directed therapy in node positive and mUCB and try to define a patient cohort that could benefit from these treatments. From these data, it is clear that a selected group of patients survive a long time or could even be cured, however the data are scarce and the level of evidence is low. The criteria of a randomized clinical trial, to deliver the necessary evidence, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Decaestecker
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valérie Fonteyne
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Willem Oosterlinck
- Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium
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Mari A, D'Andrea D, Abufaraj M, Foerster B, Kimura S, Shariat SF. Genetic determinants for chemo- and radiotherapy resistance in bladder cancer. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:1081-1089. [PMID: 29354495 PMCID: PMC5760393 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.08.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is burdened by high rates of chemo- and radio-resistance. We reviewed and summarized the current evidence regarding the genetic determinants of resistance in patients treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (RT) for BCa. Genetic heterogeneity may preexist to treatment arising with tumorigenesis or increasing progressively during the treatment. Several biological pathways seem to be involved in the cellular response to treatment. These pathways comprehend mechanisms leading to modify the intracellular concentration of the drug, mechanisms leading to increase the repair of DNA damage caused by the treatment, mechanisms leading to increase cell survival, despite DNA damage, acting on the signaling pathways affecting apoptosis, mechanisms promoting autophagy. In the present review, we focused on the genetic determinants of resistance affecting the aforementioned mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mari
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David D'Andrea
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Beat Foerster
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Shoji Kimura
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Xian S, Shang D, Kong G, Tian Y. FOXJ1 promotes bladder cancer cell growth and regulates Warburg effect. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:988-994. [PMID: 29129693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead Box J1 (FOXJ1) which belongs to Fox gene family, plays complex and crucial roles in processes of development, organogenesis, regulation of the immune system, as well as progression of several malignancies. However, how FOXJ1 functions in bladder cancer remains unclear. Here, we report that FOXJ1 is upregulated in most bladder cancer patients, and predicts poor clinical outcomes. FOXJ1 facilitates bladder cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. FOXJ1 knockdown suppresses bladder tumor growth in nude mice. Mechanistically, FOXJ1 enhances glycolysis by increasing glucose uptake, lactate production and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), and decreasing ATP generation and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in bladder cancer cells. Our findings provide clues regarding the role of FOXJ1 as a tumor inducer in bladder cancer and an enhancer in glycolysis. Targeting FOXJ1 could be a potential therapeutic strategy in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaozhong Xian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China; Department of Urology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Donghao Shang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guangqi Kong
- Department of Urology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Lv XY, Ma L, Chen JF, Yu R, Li Y, Yan ZJ, Cheng Y, Ma Q. Knockdown of DUXAP10 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in bladder cancer cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:288-294. [PMID: 29115412 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
DUXAP10 is a member of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and has been reported to be upregulated in bladder cancer (BC) tissues. However, the biological functions of DUXAP10 in BC are largely unknown. The present study detected the expression of DUXAP10 in human normal bladder cell SV‑HUC‑1 and BC cell lines. Subsequently, cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were analyzed by knockdown of the DUXAP10 expression. Results suggested that the expression level of DUXAP10 was significantly enhanced in cancer cells. After knockdown of DUXAP10, cell proliferation was inhibited, cell cycle was arrested at G0/G1 phase, and apoptosis was increased in T24 and 5637 cells. Western blot analysis detected that knockdown of DUXAP10 decreased the expression of Bcl-xL, cyclin D and CDK4. This increased the expression of Bad, cleaved caspase‑3, cleaved caspase-9, and p27. Further studies indicated that knockdown of DUXAP10 inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Combining these results, our study suggests that DUXAP10 plays an important role in BC and DUXAP10 inhibition is a potential therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yi Lv
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Key Laboratory of Ningbo, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ma
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Key Laboratory of Ningbo, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Feng Chen
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Key Laboratory of Ningbo, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Jun Yan
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Key Laboratory of Ningbo, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Key Laboratory of Ningbo, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Qi Ma
- Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Key Laboratory of Ningbo, Ningbo First Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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Abufaraj M, Dalbagni G, Daneshmand S, Horenblas S, Kamat AM, Kanzaki R, Zlotta AR, Shariat SF. The Role of Surgery in Metastatic Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. Eur Urol 2017; 73:543-557. [PMID: 29122377 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The role of surgery in metastatic bladder cancer (BCa) is unclear. OBJECTIVE In this collaborative review article, we reviewed the contemporary literature on the surgical management of metastatic BCa and factors associated with outcomes to support the development of clinical guidelines as well as informed clinical decision-making. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic search of English language literature using PubMed-Medline and Scopus from 1999 to 2016 was performed. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The beneficial role of consolidation surgery in metastatic BCa is still unproven. In patients with clinically evident lymph node metastasis, data suggest a survival advantage for patients undergoing postchemotherapy radical cystectomy with lymphadenectomy, especially in those with measurable response to chemotherapy (CHT). Intraoperatively identified enlarged pelvic lymph nodes should be removed. Anecdotal reports of resection of pulmonary metastasis as part of multimodal approach suggest possible improved survival in well-selected patients. Cytoreductive radical cystectomy as local treatment has also been explored in patients with metastatic disease, although its benefits remain to be assessed. CONCLUSIONS Consolidative extirpative surgery may be considered in patients with clinically evident pelvic or retroperitoneal lymph nodal metastases but only if they have had a response to CHT. Surgery for limited pulmonary metastases may also be considered in very selected cases. Best candidates are those with resectable disease who demonstrate measurable response to CHT with good performance status. In the absence of data from prospective randomized studies, each patient should be evaluated on an individual basis and decisions made together with the patient and multidisciplinary teams. PATIENT SUMMARY Surgical resection of metastases is technically feasible and can be safely performed. It may help improve cancer control and eventually survival in very selected patients with limited metastatic burden. In a patient who is motivated to receive chemotherapy and to undergo extirpative surgical intervention, surgery should be discussed with the patient among other consolidation therapies in the setting of multidisciplinary teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Guido Dalbagni
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Siamak Daneshmand
- Institute of Urology, University of Southern California/ Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon Horenblas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Division of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryu Kanzaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Alexandre R Zlotta
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital and University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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Wu S, Wan Q, Xu R, Zhu X, He H, Zhao X. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic value of preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with urothelial carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:91694-91702. [PMID: 29207678 PMCID: PMC5710958 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies have investigated the prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma, but the evidence from these papers is conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to assess the role of PLR in urothelial carcinoma patients. After a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of science databases, the associations between PLR and overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS)/disease-specific survival (DSS), and relapse-free survival (RFS)/disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed in urothelial carcinoma patients. The relationship between PLR and pathological results was also evaluated. A total of seven studies (eight cohorts) comprising 3171 patients were included. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) indicated the increased preoperative PLR predicted poor OS (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01- 1.27, p < 0.001), CSS/DSS (HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.08-1.40, p < 0.001), RFS/DFS (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.09-1.38, p < 0.001). However, no significant correlation was found between elevated preoperative PLR and pathological results such as tumor grade, tumor necrosis and T stages. These findings suggest a high PLR is associated with reduced OS, CSS/DSS and RFS/DFS in urothelial carcinoma. Preoperative PLR may therefore be a predictive factor in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqing Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiqing He
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
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Asai A, Miyata Y, Takehara K, Kanda S, Watanabe SI, Greer PA, Sakai H. Pathological significance and prognostic significance of FES expression in bladder cancer vary according to tumor grade. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 144:21-31. [PMID: 28952025 PMCID: PMC5756570 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The feline sarcoma oncogene protein (FES) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in both oncogenesis and tumor suppression. Here, cancer cell lines and human tissues were employed to clarify the pathological and prognostic significance of FES in bladder cancer. Methods The relationship between FES expression and cancer aggressiveness was investigated using 3 cell lines (T24: corresponding to grade 3, 5637: corresponding to grade 2, and RT4: corresponding to grade 1) and 203 tissues derived from human bladder malignancies. Proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells were assessed following the knockdown (KD) of FES expression by the siRNA method. Relationships between FES expression and pathological features, aggressiveness, and outcome were investigated. Results FES-KD inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of T24 cells but not of RT4 cells and 5637 cells. Considering all patients, FES expression demonstrated a negative relationship with grade but no association with muscle invasion or cancer cell proliferation. However, it was positively correlated with pT stage and cell proliferation in high-grade tumors (p = 0.002); no such association was found for low-grade tumors. In addition, elevated FES expression was a negative prognostic indicator of metastasis after radical surgery for patients with high-grade tumors (p = 0.021) but not for those with low-grade malignancies. Conclusions FES appeared to act as a suppressor of carcinogenesis, being associated with low tumor grade in the overall patient group. However, its expression correlated with cancer aggressiveness and poor outcome in high-grade bladder cancer. FES, therefore, represents a potential therapeutic target and useful prognostic factor for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Asai
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Miyata
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Takehara
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kanda
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Peter A Greer
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queens University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Hideki Sakai
- Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
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