1
|
Aanesen F, Berg RC, Jørgensen IL, Mohr B, Proper K, Lunde LK. Employment and mental health in the working age population: a protocol for a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Syst Rev 2024; 13:197. [PMID: 39054503 PMCID: PMC11274751 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employment provides economic security, a social network, and is important for self-identity. A review published by van der Noordt and colleagues in 2014 showed that employment was beneficial for depression and general mental health. However, an updated synthesis including research published in the last decade is lacking. In the planned review, we aim to update, critically assess, and synthesise the current evidence of the association between paid employment (excluding precarious employment) and common mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, and psychological distress) among the working age population in the labour force. METHODS We will follow recommended guidelines for conducting and reporting systematic reviews. Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science) will be searched from 2012, using appropriate MeSH terms and text words related to our inclusion criteria. We will screen the records against predefined eligibility criteria, first by title and abstract using the priority screening function in EPPI-Reviewer, before proceeding to full-text screening. Only studies investigating the longitudinal relationship between employment and common mental health outcomes will be included. We will search for grey literature in OpenAlex and conduct backward and forward citation searches of included studies. The methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2), Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I), or the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). We will conduct a narrative review and, if possible following pre-set criteria, conduct random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the pooled effect of employment on depression, anxiety, and psychological distress, across the included studies. DISCUSSION An updated review of the association between non-precarious employment and mental health outcomes is needed. In the planned review, we will assess the quality of the included studies and synthesise the results across studies to make them easily accessible to policy makers and researchers. The results from the review can be used to aid in policy decisions and guide future research priorities. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42023405919.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Aanesen
- National Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 5330 Majorstuen, Oslo, 0304, Norway.
| | - Rigmor C Berg
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| | | | - Benedicte Mohr
- National Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 5330 Majorstuen, Oslo, 0304, Norway
| | - Karin Proper
- Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lars-Kristian Lunde
- National Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 5330 Majorstuen, Oslo, 0304, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Collie A, Sheehan L. The burden of working time lost to compensable occupational injury and disease in Australia, 2012-17: a retrospective population-based study. Med J Aust 2024; 220:573-578. [PMID: 38763522 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.52309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the national burden of working time lost to occupational injury and disease in Australia compensable by workers' compensation schemes; to characterise the distribution of time lost by age, sex, and injury and disease type. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective population-based study; analysis of National Dataset for Compensation-based Statistics (NDS) data. SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Granted workers' compensation claims by people aged 15-100 years including payment of wage replacement benefits for time off work lodged in Australia, 1 July 2012 - 30 June 2017. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Working years lost (WYL) per annum (total number of years of wage replacement benefits paid to injured and ill workers), overall and by sex, age, and injury and disease type; WYL per 10 000 fulltime equivalent (FTE) years worked. RESULTS A total of 755 330 eligible claims with complete data for analysis variables by people aged 15-100 years were identified, for compensable injuries and disease that led to 41 194 (95% confidence interval [CI], 41 020-41 368) WYL/year. The annual WYL number and rate were each higher for men (25 367 [95% CI, 25 230-25 503] WYL/year; 42.6 [95% CI, 42.1-43.1] WYL/10 000 FTE years) than for women (15 827 [95% CI, 15 720-15 935] WYL/year; 38.8 [95% CI, 38.2-39.4] WYL/10 000 FTE years). Workers aged 45-100 years made 66 742 claims per year (44.1% of all claims) but incurred 21 763 WYL/year (52.8% of all WYL). Traumatic joint and muscle injuries led to 16 494 WYL/year (40.0% of all WYL), musculoskeletal disorders to 8547 WYL/year (20.7%), mental health conditions to 5361 WYL/year (13.0%), fractures to 4276 WYL/year (10.4%), and wounds and lacerations to 3449 WYL/year (8.4%). CONCLUSIONS Occupational injury and disease covered by workers' compensation result in lost working time in Australia equivalent to more than 41 000 fulltime jobs. Distribution of the burden reflects the greater labour force participation of men, slower recovery of older workers, and the impact of common occupational injuries and diseases. Population-based monitoring of lost working time could support effective occupational health surveillance and allocation of resources for protecting the health of Australian workers.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wassell M, Vitiello A, Butler-Henderson K, Verspoor K, Pollard H. Generalizability of a Musculoskeletal Therapist Electronic Health Record for Modelling Outcomes to Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024:10.1007/s10926-024-10196-w. [PMID: 38739344 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-024-10196-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Electronic Health Records (EHRs) can contain vast amounts of clinical information that could be reused in modelling outcomes of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Determining the generalizability of an EHR dataset is an important step in determining the appropriateness of its reuse. The study aims to describe the EHR dataset used by occupational musculoskeletal therapists and determine whether the EHR dataset is generalizable to the Australian workers' population and injury characteristics seen in workers' compensation claims. METHODS Variables were considered if they were associated with outcomes of WMSDs and variables data were available. Completeness and external validity assessment analysed frequency distributions, percentage of records and confidence intervals. RESULTS There were 48,434 patient care plans across 10 industries from 2014 to 2021. The EHR collects information related to clinical interventions, health and psychosocial factors, job demands, work accommodations as well as workplace culture, which have all been shown to be valuable variables in determining outcomes to WMSDs. Distributions of age, duration of employment, gender and region of birth were mostly similar to the Australian workforce. Upper limb WMSDs were higher in the EHR compared to workers' compensation claims and diagnoses were similar. CONCLUSION The study shows the EHR has strong potential to be used for further research into WMSDs as it has a similar population to the Australian workforce, manufacturing industry and workers' compensation claims. It contains many variables that may be relevant in modelling outcomes to WMSDs that are not typically available in existing datasets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Wassell
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - A Vitiello
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Butler-Henderson
- STEM|Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Verspoor
- School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H Pollard
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gabbe BJ, Keeves J, McKimmie A, Gadowski AM, Holland AJ, Semple BD, Young JT, Crowe L, Ownsworth T, Bagg MK, Antonic-Baker A, Hicks AJ, Hill R, Curtis K, Romero L, Ponsford JL, Lannin NA, O'Brien TJ, Cameron PA, Cooper DJ, Rushworth N, Fitzgerald M. The Australian Traumatic Brain Injury Initiative: Systematic Review and Consensus Process to Determine the Predictive Value of Demographic, Injury Event, and Social Characteristics on Outcomes for People With Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2024. [PMID: 38115598 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the Australian Traumatic Brain Injury (AUS-TBI) Initiative is to develop a data dictionary to inform data collection and facilitate prediction of outcomes of people who experience moderate-severe TBI in Australia. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the association between demographic, injury event, and social characteristics with outcomes, in people with moderate-severe TBI, to identify potentially predictive indicators. Standardized searches were implemented across bibliographic databases to March 31, 2022. English-language reports, excluding case series, which evaluated the association between demographic, injury event, and social characteristics, and any clinical outcome in at least 10 patients with moderate-severe TBI were included. Abstracts and full text records were independently screened by at least two reviewers in Covidence. A pre-defined algorithm was used to assign a judgement of predictive value to each observed association. The review findings were discussed with an expert panel to determine the feasibility of incorporation of routine measurement into standard care. The search strategy retrieved 16,685 records; 867 full-length records were screened, and 111 studies included. Twenty-two predictors of 32 different outcomes were identified; 7 were classified as high-level (age, sex, ethnicity, employment, insurance, education, and living situation at the time of injury). After discussion with an expert consensus group, 15 were recommended for inclusion in the data dictionary. This review identified numerous predictors capable of enabling early identification of those at risk for poor outcomes and improved personalization of care through inclusion in routine data collection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Health Data Research UK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, United Kingdom
| | - Jemma Keeves
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Ancelin McKimmie
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adelle M Gadowski
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J Holland
- The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney School of Medicine, Westmead, Australia
| | - Bridgette D Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jesse T Young
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Clinical Sciences Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Justice Health Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louise Crowe
- Clinical Sciences Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamara Ownsworth
- School of Applied Psychology and the Hopkins Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew K Bagg
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Ana Antonic-Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amelia J Hicks
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Regina Hill
- Regina Hill Effective Consulting Pty. Ltd., Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Curtis
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Shoalhaven LHD, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- George Institute for Global Health, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Jennie L Ponsford
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Natasha A Lannin
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter A Cameron
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- National Trauma Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Jamie Cooper
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brown H, Kennard K, Tyreman R, Alim-Marvasti A, Wilcox M, Quick T. Return to work following brachial plexus injury: A cross-sectional study. HAND THERAPY 2023; 28:144-150. [PMID: 38031573 PMCID: PMC10683714 DOI: 10.1177/17589983231205446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Qualitative studies following Brachial Plexus Injury (BPI) suggest that return to employment has a major influence on life satisfaction and psychological well-being. However, few studies have focused on return to work following BPI. The physical strain and intensity of an occupation may influence the ability of an individual to return to employment. This study aimed to provide information about the impact of workload intensity on employment status following BPI. Methods This is an observational, retrospective study of 74 participants who responded to a postal questionnaire, sharing information regarding their employment status pre- and post-BPI. The reported occupations were assessed for workload intensity and assigned a Reichsausschuss für Arbeitszeitermittlung (REFA) classification by two assessors. Results Forty-one out of 74 participants (57%) had to change their employment following their BPI. Changes in occupation were more likely if the pre-injury REFA score was 3 or 4 (n = 22). In the Complete plexus injury group (n = 8), 100% changed occupation. In the Partial plexus injury group (n = 66) 50% changed occupation. Hand dominance had no significant influence on change of employment (p = 0.37). Conclusion This study is the first to focus on the impact of BPI on employment status and workload intensity. Just over half the participants did not maintain the same employment following their BPI and one in five became unemployed. Future research should review the factors that contribute to the inability to return to work. This may direct enhancements in rehabilitation provision and enable healthcare services to focus on facilitating individuals back to the workplace.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Brown
- Peripheral Nerve Injury Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kate Kennard
- Peripheral Nerve Injury Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
| | - Rosalyn Tyreman
- Peripheral Nerve Injury Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
| | - Ali Alim-Marvasti
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
- University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Matthew Wilcox
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Quick
- Peripheral Nerve Injury Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Blake H, Chaplin WJ, Wainwright E, Taylor G, McNamee P, McWilliams D, Abbott-Fleming V, Holmes J, Fecowycz A, Walsh DA, Walker-Bone K. The Web-Based Pain-at-Work Toolkit With Telephone Support for Employees With Chronic or Persistent Pain: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Feasibility Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e51474. [PMID: 37902814 PMCID: PMC10644198 DOI: 10.2196/51474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic or persistent pain affects one's ability to work or be productive at work, generating high societal and economic burden. However, the provision of work-related advice and support for people with chronic pain is variable or lacking. The Pain-at-Work (PAW) Toolkit was cocreated with people who live with pain, health care professionals, and employers. It aims to increase knowledge about employee rights and how to access support for managing a painful chronic condition in the workplace and provides advice on lifestyle behaviors that facilitate the management of chronic pain. OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish the feasibility of conducting a definitive cluster randomized controlled trial comparing access to the PAW Toolkit and telephone support calls from an occupational therapist (PAW) with treatment as usual (ie, standard support from their employer). Our primary outcomes are establishing parameters of feasibility, acceptability, usability, and safety of this digital workplace health intervention. We will assess the candidate primary and secondary outcomes' feasibility and test research processes for a definitive trial. METHODS This is an open-label, parallel 2-arm pragmatic feasibility cluster randomized controlled trial with exploratory health economics analysis and a nested qualitative interview study. We aim to recruit 120 participants from at least 8 workplace clusters (any type, >10 employees) in England. The recruitment of workplaces occurs via personal approach, and the recruitment of individual participants is web based. Eligible participants are vocationally active adults aged ≥18 years with internet access and self-reporting chronic pain interfering with their ability to undertake or enjoy productive work. A restricted 1:1 cluster-level randomization is used to allocate employment settings to PAW or treatment as usual; participants are unblinded to group allocation. Following site- and individual-level consent, participants complete a web-based baseline survey (time 0), including measures of work capacity, health and well-being, and health care resource use. Follow-up is performed at 3 months (time 1) and 6 months (time 2). Feasibility outcomes relate to recruitment; intervention fidelity (eg, delivery, reach, uptake, and engagement); retention; and follow-up. Qualitative evaluation (time 2) is mapped to the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior model and will explore intervention acceptability to employees and employers, along with individual and contextual factors influencing the delivery and uptake of the intervention. RESULTS Ethics approval was obtained in March 2023. Trial recruitment began in June 2023. CONCLUSIONS The PAW Toolkit is the first evidence-based digital health intervention aimed at supporting the self-management of chronic or persistent pain at work. This study will inform the design of a definitive trial, including sample size estimation, approaches to cluster site identification, primary and secondary outcomes' selection, and the final health economic model. Findings will inform approaches for the future delivery of this digital health intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05838677; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05838677. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/51474.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy J Chaplin
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Wainwright
- Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health (Epidemiology Group), School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Taylor
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Paul McNamee
- Health Economics Research Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel McWilliams
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Academic Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jain Holmes
- Academic Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Fecowycz
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David Andrew Walsh
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Academic Unit of Injury, Recovery and Inflammation Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Walker-Bone
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mavindidze E, Nhunzvi C, Van Niekerk L. Supported employment interventions for workplace mental health of persons with mental disabilities in low-to-middle income countries: A scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291869. [PMID: 37733732 PMCID: PMC10513264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the evidence of supported employment interventions in low-to-middle income countries, documents their impact for persons with mental disorders in the open labour market and well as support decision making for its wider implementation in the workplace. DESIGN The scoping review is conducted following guidelines in the Arksey and O'Malley (2005) Framework. DATA SOURCES AND ELIGIBILITY Eleven databases which are PubMed, Scopus, Academic Search Premier, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Africa-Wide Information, Humanities International Complete, Web of Science, PsychInfo, SocINDEX, Open Grey and Sabinet were searched for articles published between January 2006 and January 2022. Both peer-reviewed articles and grey literature were eligible if they were on supported employment interventions in low-to-middle income countries. Only articles published in English were included. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS Articles were screened at title, abstract and full article levels by two independent teams with the use of Rayyan software. Deductive thematic analysis was used to synthesize evidence on the supported employment interventions implemented in LMICs, capturing evidence of their outcomes for persons with mental disabilities securing competitive work. RESULTS The search yielded 7347 records and after screening by title and abstract, 188 studies were eligible for full article screening. Eight studies were included in this scoping review. Thematic descriptions of the findings were based on the availability of supported employment interventions within the context, the type of supported employment interventions as well as mental health and vocational outcomes in the workplace. CONCLUSIONS There is limited evidence of supported employment interventions in low-to-middle income countries despite the promising potential it has as an intervention to address mental health problems in the workplace and facilitate work participation by persons with mental disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Mavindidze
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Occupational Therapy Programme, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Clement Nhunzvi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Occupational Therapy Programme, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Lana Van Niekerk
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Occupational Therapy, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nilsen DA, Nissen O, Nordfjærn T, Hara KW, Stiles TC. Who Returns to work? Exploring the Role of Interpersonal Problems in Occupational Rehabilitation. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:528-537. [PMID: 37340280 PMCID: PMC10495481 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current interventions designed to facilitate return to work (RTW) after long-term sick leave show weak effects, indicating the need for new approaches to the RTW process. The importance of social relationships in the workplace is widely recognized in existing RTW literature, but very little is known about the role of the interpersonal problems of the returning worker. Current research indicates that a subset of these - hostile-dominant interpersonal problems - give particular disadvantages in several life areas. This prospective cohort study aims to test whether higher levels of interpersonal problems predict lower likelihood of RTW when controlling for symptom levels (H1); and whether higher levels of hostile-dominant interpersonal problems specifically predict lower likelihood of RTW (H2). METHODS 189 patients on long-term sick leave completed a 3½-week transdiagnostic RTW program. Before treatment, self-reported interpersonal problems, chronic pain, insomnia, fatigue levels, anxiety and depression were collected. RTW data for the following year were collected from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration. RESULTS A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis found that (H2) hostile-dominant interpersonal problems significantly predicted RTW (OR = 0.44, [95% CI: 0.19, 0.98], p = .045), while a corresponding analysis (H1) found that general interpersonal problems did not. CONCLUSION Hostile-dominant interpersonal problems negatively predict RTW after long-term sick leave, suggesting an overlooked factor in the field of occupational rehabilitation. The findings could open up new avenues for research and interventions entailed to individuals in the field of occupational rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oda Nissen
- St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trond Nordfjærn
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karen Walseth Hara
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tore C Stiles
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zou L, Jiang X, Liu H, Chen B, Jiang J, Ma T, Fang G, Guo D, Xu X, Fu W, Dong Z. Predictors of Return to Work After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair in Patients With Type B Aortic Dissection. J Endovasc Ther 2023:15266028231197133. [PMID: 37649404 DOI: 10.1177/15266028231197133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is a life-threatening condition, and it takes heavy burden to family and society. Return to work (RTW) not only means patients' physical health but also demonstrates their mental well-being. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been successful in treatment of TBAD patients. However, less studies have addressed on the social functional recovery of TBAD after TEVAR, especially for RTW. METHODS From January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2021, TBAD patients who underwent TEVAR and completed a 12-month follow-up were retrospectively enrolled. Primary outcome was RTW. Patients' demographic, sociological, and clinical characteristics, and so on were recorded to analyze and demonstrate independent risk factors for RTW. RESULTS Four hundred thirty-two TBAD patients (388 males) were enrolled with a mean age of 48.3±8.9 years (ranged from 19 to 60 years). The 12-month cumulative RTW rate was 62.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 57.2%-67.8%). Age <50 years (odds ratio [OR]=3.675, 95% CI: 1.436-9.405) was identified as independent protective factors for RTW, while preoperative job as manual workers (OR=0.101, 95% CI: 0.029-0.353), average annual income, <30 000 Chinese Yuan (CNY) [<4400 US dollar], (OR=0.186, 95% CI: 0.054-0.637), complicated TBAD (malperfusion) (OR=0.246, 95% CI: 0.092-0.659), and distal stent graft-induced new entry (SINE) (OR=0.218, 95% CI: 0.083-0.575, p=0.002) were identified as independent risk factors. CONCLUSION Approximately 64% of our patients were able to RTW in the 12 months post-TEVAR for TBAD. Younger patients, patients with less physically demanding jobs, and patients with less complex surgeries were more likely to RTW. Based on these results, more can be done to facilitate the patient's ability and willingness to RTW after TEVAR. CLINICAL IMPACT Type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is a life-threatening condition that poses significant burden on both individuals and society. The ability to return to work (RTW) not only reflects the patient's physical health but also indicates their mental well-being. Therefore, identifying risk factors for RTW and promoting the reintegration of TBAD patients into the workforce is crucial in clinical practice.To our knowledge, this study is the first to elucidate and predict the RTW outcomes of TBAD patients who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Zou
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolang Jiang
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhao Jiang
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Fang
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqiao Guo
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lippke S, Keller FM, Schüz N, Hessel A, Dahmen A. [Occupational and Health Strains of Pensioners with Reduced Earning Capacity Due to Mental or Physical Illnesses - Implications for the Health Care System]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2023; 85:289-297. [PMID: 35654398 PMCID: PMC11248722 DOI: 10.1055/a-1775-8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demographic changes with an increasing number of people receiving pensions and a decreasing number of working people paying into the pension system represent major challenges for the German social security system. In particular, it is important to support people to continue working so that there is no (premature) reduction in their earning capacity and pensioners with reduced earning capacity (disability pensioners) should be helped to return to gainful employment. The aim of this study was to investigate the differing needs of two kinds of disability pensioners, namely those with mental illness and those who were physically ill. METHODS A total of 453 persons receiving disability pension because of temporararily reduced earning capacity were interviewed over the telephone. Differences in demographic variables, occupational characteristics before applying for disability pension, and general resources were examined in descriptive analyses and multivariate analyses of variance with post-hoc tests. RESULTS A third of the sample (33.1%) suffered from mental illness and the rest from somatic disorders. Those with mental illness reported higher perceived mental age, lower work-related self-efficacy, and lower quality of life concerning their mental health. Moreover, they reported higher levels of mental stressors at work. CONCLUSION Mentally ill disability pensioners differ considerably from those with somatic illnesses. Accordingly, to promote a return to work, interventions need to target different factors in these two groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Lippke
- Health Psychology & Behavioral Medicine, Psychology & Methods, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Franziska M Keller
- Health Psychology & Behavioral Medicine, Psychology & Methods, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Natalie Schüz
- Rehabilitationsforschung, Deutsche Rentenversicherung Oldenburg-Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Aike Hessel
- Sozialmedizin, Deutsche Rentenversicherung Oldenburg-Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alina Dahmen
- Health Psychology & Behavioral Medicine, Psychology & Methods, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
- Medizinische Direktion, Klinikum Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Amundsen PA, Underwood M, Burton K, Grotle M, Malmberg-Heimonen I, Kisa A, Småstuen MC, Holmgard TE, Martinsen A, Lothe J, Irgens PMS, Højen M, Monsen SS, Froud R. Individual supported work placements (ReISE) for improving sustained return to work in unemployed people with persistent pain: study protocol for a cohort randomised controlled trial with embedded economic and process evaluations. Trials 2023; 24:179. [PMID: 36906593 PMCID: PMC10006572 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around one-third of workdays lost in Norway are due to musculoskeletal conditions, with persistent (chronic) pain being the most frequent cause of sick leave and work disability. Increasing work participation for people with persistent pain improves their health, quality of life, and well-being and reduces poverty; however, it is not clear how to best help unemployed people who have persistent pain to return to work. The aim of this study is to examine if a matched work placement intervention featuring case manager support and work-focused healthcare improves return to work rates and quality of life for unemployed people in Norway with persistent pain who want to work. METHODS We will use a cohort randomised controlled approach to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a matched work placement intervention featuring case manager support and work-focused healthcare compared to those receiving usual care in the cohort alone. We will recruit people aged 18-64, who have been out of work for at least 1 month, had pain for more than 3 months, and want to work. Initially, all (n = 228) will be recruited to an observational cohort study on the impact of being unemployed with persistent pain. We will then randomly select one in three to be offered the intervention. The primary outcome of sustained return to work will be measured using registry and self-reported data, while secondary outcomes include self-reported levels of health-related quality of life and physical and mental health. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months post-randomisation. We will run a process evaluation parallel to the intervention exploring implementation, continuity of the intervention, reasons for participating, declining participation, and mechanisms behind cases of sustained return to work. An economic evaluation of the trial process will also be conducted. DISCUSSION The ReISE intervention is designed to increase work participation for people with persistent pain. The intervention has the potential to improve work ability by collaboratively navigating obstacles to working. If successful, the intervention may be a viable option for helping people in this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry 85,437,524 Registered on 30 March 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pål André Amundsen
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiana University College, PB 1190, Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Martin Underwood
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Kim Burton
- Professor of Occupational Healthcare, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Margreth Grotle
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ira Malmberg-Heimonen
- Department of Social Work, Child Welfare and Social Policy, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adnan Kisa
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiana University College, PB 1190, Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Einar Holmgard
- User representative from the Norwegian Back Pain Association, Fjellhagen, P.O. Box 9612, 3065, Drammen, Norway
| | - Amy Martinsen
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Building 37B, P.O. Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jakob Lothe
- Co/FORMI, The Norwegian Council for Musculoskeletal Health, Oslo Universitetssykehus, Nydalen, P.O. Box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Magnus Højen
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiana University College, PB 1190, Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Robert Froud
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiana University College, PB 1190, Sentrum, 0107, Oslo, Norway.,Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Udd-granat L, Lahti J, Donnelly M, Treanor C, Pirkola SP, Lallukka T, Kouvonen A. Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for common mental disorders and subsequent sickness absence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Public Health 2023; 51:137-147. [PMID: 35120414 PMCID: PMC9903245 DOI: 10.1177/14034948221075016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to critically review and synthesize the best available evidence about the effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) in terms of reducing sickness absence (SA). METHODS We searched Medline (PubMed), Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central (up to November 2020) for English language peer-reviewed papers that described randomized controlled trials of therapist-guided iCBT compared with usual treatment for SA in adults with common mental disorders. Eligible studies were assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias 1 tool, meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model, and standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. A subgroup analysis investigated potential moderating variables (diagnosis, SA at baseline, and estimated accuracy of self-report). RESULTS We identified 2788 references, of which 68 remained after the completion of the systematic screening process. A hand search of reference lists yielded no additional studies. The full texts of these 68 studies were appraised critically, and 11 were deemed to be suitable for a meta-analysis. SA was similar for iCBT and usual treatment groups (SMD: 0.02, 95% CI, -0.08 to 0.11), and remained similar even after the removal of two studies in which the recall time was over 3 months (SMD: 0.00, -0.11 to 0.12). Similar SA levels in intervention and control groups at 6-month and 12-month follow-up were observed in studies of participants with depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS
iCBT did not appear to be effective in terms of reducing (largely self-assessed) SA in adults with common mental disorders. There is a need to improve the method and consistency of assessing SA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Udd-granat
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Lahti
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Donnelly
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Charlene Treanor
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Sami P. Pirkola
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Finland,Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Kouvonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland,Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland,Anne Kouvonen, University of Helsinki, PO Box 54, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
El Haddad R, Renuy A, Wiernik E, Goldberg M, Zins M, Airagnes G. Liens entre le statut tabagique et la situation vis-à-vis de l’emploi : analyse transversale de la cohorte CONSTANCES. SANTE PUBLIQUE (VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY, FRANCE) 2023; 35:81-94. [PMID: 38423967 DOI: 10.3917/spub.pr1.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use in 2017 and 2019 in the French population covered by the Régime Général d'Assurance Maladie according to employment status. From the French national CONSTANCES cohort, 18,008 randomly recruited volunteers aged between 18 and 69 years, affiliated to the Régime Général d'Assurance Maladie and enrolled in 2017, were included in the analysis. The prevalence of tobacco use according to employment status was estimated. Estimates of these prevalence data were calculated in 2017 and 2019 after correction for selection bias at inclusion and non-response at follow-up. In 2019, smoking prevalence was higher among unemployed people (29.2% among men and 20.7% among women) than among employed people (16.5% among men and 13.8% among women). Smoking prevalence was highest among those not in work for health reasons (38.5% among men and 35.8% among women). Smokers were more likely to be unemployed than non-smokers (OR 2.63 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.79; 3.85] in men and OR 1.55 [95% CI: 1.08; 2.22] in women). Among men, the prevalence of employed people among light smokers (<10 cigarettes/day) significantly decreased between 2017 (87.1%) and 2019 (74.8%). These results underline the importance of reinforcing smoking prevention campaigns among the unemployed, particularly for health reasons.
Collapse
|
14
|
Boomer KB, Conyers LM, Wang Y, Chiu YCJ. Measuring Phases of Employment Decision-Making and the Need for Vocational Services as a Social Determinant of the Health of Employed People Living with HIV. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15074. [PMID: 36429789 PMCID: PMC9690119 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Secure employment has been recognized as a social determinant of health for people living with HIV (PLHIV), but limited research has been conducted to understand the employment needs and vocational decision-making process of those who are employed. The purpose of this study is to examine the applicability of the client-focused considering-work model to assess the employment outcomes and employment decision-making phases of a sample of employed PLHIV. (2) Methods: This study analyzed data of 244 employed PLHIV who completed National Working Positive Coalition's Employment Needs Survey which included a 20-item Considering Work Scale-Employed version (CWS-Employed) and a single-item Classification of Employment Status Scale (CESS). Factor analysis was used to evaluate the CWS-Employed. Chi-square tests of homogeneity of proportions were conducted to assess the domain-specific needs of individuals in each phase of employment decision-making. (3) Results: Our findings revealed high rates of insecure employment and diverse vocational service needs among research participants. Additionally, the CWS-Employed accurately predicted 71% of the self-reported classification of phases of employment decision-making. (4) Conclusions: When investigating the role of employment as a social determinant of health, more research is needed to better understand the vocational needs and outcomes of PLHIV who are working. Improving the measurement of the phases of employment decision-making is needed to better identify appropriate vocational interventions that can lead to improved employment and related health outcomes for this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- KB Boomer
- Department of Mathematics, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Liza M. Conyers
- Department of Counselor Education, Counseling Psychology, and Rehabilitation Services, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yili Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yung-Chen Jen Chiu
- Department of Educational Foundations and Counseling, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Frech A, Damaske S, Ohler A. The Life Course of Unemployment and Midlife Health. J Aging Health 2022; 34:1081-1091. [PMID: 35521702 PMCID: PMC9578554 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221091775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We estimate associations between unemployment trajectories from ages 27-49 and physical and mental health at age 50. Methods: Data are from the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 (N=6434). Group-based trajectory models are used to identify unemployment trajectories. Generalized linear models with a modified Bolck, Croon, and Hagenaars (BCH) correction are used to regress health on unemployment trajectory groups. Results: We identified "Consistently Low (70%)," "Decreasing Mid-Career (18%)," and "Persistently High (12%)" unemployment trajectories. Experiencing Decreasing Mid-Career or Persistently High trajectories was associated with worse physical and mental health at age 50 than Consistently Low trajectories. Experiencing a Persistently High trajectory was associated with worse physical and mental health than a Decreasing Mid-Career trajectory. Discussion: Timing and likelihood of unemployment are associated with midlife health. Mid-Career unemployment is associated with worse physical and mental health at age 50, but not to the same degree as Persistently High unemployment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Damaske
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Papic C, Kifley A, Craig A, Grant G, Collie A, Pozzato I, Gabbe B, Derrett S, Rebbeck T, Jagnoor J, Cameron ID. Factors associated with long term work incapacity following a non-catastrophic road traffic injury: analysis of a two-year prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1498. [PMID: 35931966 PMCID: PMC9356415 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Road traffic injuries (RTIs), primarily musculoskeletal in nature, are the leading cause of unintentional injury worldwide, incurring significant individual and societal burden. Investigation of a large representative cohort is needed to validate early identifiable predictors of long-term work incapacity post-RTI. Therefore, up until two years post-RTI we aimed to: evaluate absolute occurrence of return-to-work (RTW) and occurrence by injury compensation claimant status; evaluate early factors (e.g., biopsychosocial and injury-related) that influence RTW longitudinally; and identify factors potentially modifiable with intervention (e.g., psychological distress and pain). Methods Prospective cohort study of 2019 adult participants, recruited within 28 days of a non-catastrophic RTI, predominantly of mild-to-moderate severity, in New South Wales, Australia. Biopsychosocial, injury, and compensation data were collected via telephone interview within one-month of injury (baseline). Work status was self-reported at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 24-months. Analyses were restricted to participants who reported paid work pre-injury (N = 1533). Type-3 global p-values were used to evaluate explanatory factors for returning to ‘any’ or ‘full duties’ paid work across factor subcategories. Modified Poisson regression modelling was used to evaluate factors associated with RTW with adjustment for potential covariates. Results Only ~ 30% of people with RTI returned to full work duties within one-month post-injury, but the majority (76.7%) resumed full duties by 6-months. A significant portion of participants were working with modified duties (~ 10%) or not working at all (~ 10%) at 6-, 12-, and 24-months. Female sex, low education, low income, physically demanding occupations, pre-injury comorbidities, and high injury severity were negatively associated with RTW. Claiming injury compensation in the fault-based scheme operating at the time, and early identified post-injury pain and psychological distress, were key factors negatively associated with RTW up until two years post-injury. Conclusions Long-term work incapacity was observed in 20% of people following RTI. Our findings have implications that suggest review of the design of injury compensation schemes and processes, early identification of those at risk of delayed RTW using validated pain and psychological health assessment tools, and improved interventions to address risks, may facilitate sustainable RTW. Trial registration This study was registered prospectively with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12613000889752).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Papic
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia.
| | - Annette Kifley
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Ashley Craig
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Genevieve Grant
- Australian Centre for Justice Innovation, Faculty of Law, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Alex Collie
- Healthy Working Lives Research Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Ilaria Pozzato
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Belinda Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Sarah Derrett
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin North, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Trudy Rebbeck
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| | - Jagnoor Jagnoor
- The George Institute for Global Health, and Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Level 5/1 King St, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Ian D Cameron
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute of Medican Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 12, Corner Reserve Road and Westbourne Street, NSW, 2065, St Leonards, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Logie CH, Sokolovic N, Kazemi M, Islam S, Frank P, Gormley R, Kaida A, de Pokomandy A, Loutfy M. Does resource insecurity drive HIV-related stigma? Associations between food and housing insecurity with HIV-related stigma in cohort of women living with HIV in Canada. J Int AIDS Soc 2022; 25 Suppl 1:e25913. [PMID: 35818863 PMCID: PMC9274209 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women living with HIV across global contexts are disproportionately impacted by food insecurity and housing insecurity. Food and housing insecurity are resource insecurities associated with poorer health outcomes among people living with HIV. Poverty, a deeply stigmatized phenomenon, is a contributing factor towards food and housing insecurity. HIV-related stigma-the devaluation, mistreatment and constrained access to power and opportunities experienced by people living with HIV-intersects with structural inequities. Few studies, however, have examined food and housing insecurity as drivers of HIV-related stigma. This study aimed to estimate the associations between food and housing insecurity with HIV-related stigma among women living with HIV in Canada. METHODS This prospective cohort study of women living with HIV (≥16 years old) in three provinces in Canada involved three waves of surveys collected at 18-month intervals between 2013 and 2018. To understand associations between food and housing security and HIV-related stigma, we conducted linear mixed effects regression models. We adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics associated with HIV-related stigma. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Among participants (n = 1422), more than one-third (n = 509; 36%) reported baseline food insecurity and approximately one-tenth (n = 152, 11%) housing insecurity. Mean HIV-related stigma scores were consistent across waves 1 (mean [M] = 57.2, standard deviation [SD] = 20.0, N = 1401) and 2 (M = 57.4, SD = 19.0, N = 1227) but lower at wave 3 (M = 52.8, SD = 18.7, N = 918). On average, across time, food insecure participants reported HIV-related stigma scores that were 8.6 points higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.4, 10.8) compared with food secure individuals. Similarly, participants reporting insecure housing at wave 1 tended to experience greater HIV-related stigma (6.2 points, 95% CI: 2.7, 9.6) over time compared to stably housed participants. There was an interaction between time and housing insecurity, whereby baseline housing insecurity was no longer associated with higher HIV-related stigma at the third wave. CONCLUSIONS Among women living with HIV in Canada, experiencing food and housing insecurity was associated with consistently higher levels of HIV-related stigma. In addition to the urgent need to tackle food and housing insecurity among people living with HIV to optimize wellbeing, getting to the heart of HIV-related stigma requires identifying and dismantling resource insecurity-related stigma drivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen H Logie
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Gender and Sexual Health Equity, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nina Sokolovic
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mina Kazemi
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaz Islam
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Alliance for South Asian AIDS Prevention, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peggy Frank
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rebecca Gormley
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela Kaida
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexandra de Pokomandy
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mona Loutfy
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hong JP, Lee CH, Lee YH, Escorpizo R, Chiang YC, Liou TH. Functional status and return to work in people with major depression: a 3-year national follow-up study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1179-1188. [PMID: 35150307 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02240-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects a person's function of daily activities, including work participation. Such functional impairments often persist even when other symptoms of MDD are remitted. Increasing evidence highlights the health-promoting effects of returning to work (RTW) in various diseases. However, limited data are available regarding the impact of return to work on functional recovery in MDD. We explored the association between RTW and functional improvements in people with MDD using a large nationally representative database and a 3-year follow-up. METHODS Data of people with an MDD diagnosis were selected from the Taiwan Data Bank of Persons with disability for the period between July 11, 2012, and October 31, 2018. We included 4038 adults aged 18-64 years. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 was used for functional assessment. The association between RTW and functional improvements was investigated using a multivariable regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS Women aged ≥ 45 years with a lower education level were vulnerable to prolonged unemployment. RTW was significantly associated with better functional improvements in cognition, mobility, self-care, getting along, life activity, and participation than unemployment. CONCLUSIONS RTW was positively associated with functional improvements in patients with MDD. A referral system targeting re-employment may be suggested during MDD treatment, especially for individuals at risk of prolonged unemployment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Pei Hong
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 291 Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 291 Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan
| | - Reuben Escorpizo
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Chen Chiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Hon Liou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 291 Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Buchanan H, Van Niekerk L, Grimmer K. Work transition after hand injury: A scoping review. J Hand Ther 2022; 35:11-23. [PMID: 33250399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic scoping review. INTRODUCTION Many factors are potentially associated with successful work-related transitions following hand injury. There is no current, comprehensive review of the literature to guide clinical practice. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To comprehensively identify the current body of research evidence supporting return to work (RTW) after hand injury and identify gaps. METHODS A systematic search identified relevant, peer-reviewed, full text, English language primary qualitative or quantitative literature published since 2006. All authors independently determined whether studies should be included, assigned them to a hierarchy of evidence and extracted data. Decisions were defended and disagreements resolved in team meetings. Literature was summarized into key themes using common intent and constructs. RESULTS Of 259 potentially-relevant articles, 38 were relevant. Study designs included prospective observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective (n=9 each), mixed methods (n=3), qualitative (n=4), and opinion pieces (n=4). There were no experimental studies. The most commonly-reported key themes were prognostic factors for RTW (25 papers) and assessment tools (18 papers). Remaining themes of impact of injury on the individual, patient perspectives, other stakeholder perspectives, healthcare provider education, and treatment were reported in fewer than 10 papers each. There was little commonality in how research was conducted or reported. Gaps included lack of information on effective interventions, which prognostic factors should be routinely measured, and which assessment and outcome items to routinely use in practice. CONCLUSION Despite the impact of hand injury on capacity to RTW, there is limited evidence to inform successful work-related transitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Buchanan
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Lana Van Niekerk
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Grimmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sveinsdottir V, Jacobsen HB, Ljosaa TM, Linnemørken LTB, Knutzen T, Ghiasvand R, Reme SE. The Individual Placement and Support (IPS) in Pain Trial: A randomized controlled trial of IPS for patients with chronic pain conditions. PAIN MEDICINE 2022; 23:1757-1766. [PMID: 35234931 PMCID: PMC9527610 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Although complex pain conditions require an interdisciplinary approach, employment services are rarely provided in pain centers. Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an effective approach to increase work participation among patients with severe mental illness, and recent evidence suggests that this method can be successfully repurposed for new target groups. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of IPS integrated with interdisciplinary treatment as usual (TAU) for patients with chronic pain in a tertiary pain center. Methods A randomized controlled trial comparing IPS integrated with TAU (n = 38) with TAU alone (n = 20) was conducted. Participants were patients with chronic pain who were 18–65 years of age and currently on long-term sick leave or disability benefits or unemployed. The primary outcome was employment within 12 months after enrollment, with additional long-term follow-up after 24 months. Secondary outcomes included health and quality of life, measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Results During 12-month follow-up, 52.8% in the IPS group and 38.9% in the TAU group had attained employment. The difference increased during 24-month follow-up but did not reach statistical significance. Findings on secondary outcomes were generally nonsignificant. Conclusions The IPS in Pain trial is the first study to evaluate the effect of IPS for patients with chronic pain conditions. It shows that IPS can be integrated into the daily practice of interdisciplinary pain treatment, with employment rates exceeding 50% in 1 year and a clear trend in favor of the IPS group. Results did not, however, reach significance. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed to draw clear conclusions about effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vigdis Sveinsdottir
- Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Henrik Børsting Jacobsen
- Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,The Mind Body Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone Marte Ljosaa
- Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene Therese Bergerud Linnemørken
- Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Reza Ghiasvand
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Endresen Reme
- Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,The Mind Body Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
M. S, A. WL, J. L. H, K. A, E. F. Interventions regarding physicians' sickness certification practice - a systematic literature review with meta-analyses. Scand J Prim Health Care 2022; 40:104-114. [PMID: 35254203 PMCID: PMC9090374 DOI: 10.1080/02813432.2022.2036420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A variety of interventions aiming to influence physicians' sickness certification practice have been conducted, most are, however, not evaluated scientifically. The aim of this systematic literature review was to obtain updated knowledge about interventions regarding physicians' sickness certification practice and to summarize their possible effects, in terms of sickness absence (SA) or return to work (RTW) among patients. METHODS We searched PubMed and Web of Science up through 15 June 2020 and selected peer-reviewed studies that reported effects of controlled interventions that aimed to improve physicians' sickness certification practice and used SA or RTW among patients as outcome measures. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effect models. RESULTS Of the 1399 identified publications, 12 studies covering 9 interventions were assessed as relevant and included in the review. Most (70%) were from the Netherlands, two had a controlled, and seven a randomized controlled study design. All interventions included some type of training of physicians, and two interventions also included IT-support. Regarding the outcomes of SA/RTW, 30 different effect measures were used. In the meta-analyses, no statistically significant effect in favor of the interventions was observed for having any RTW (i.e. first, partial, or full) nor full RTW. CONCLUSIONS The individual studies showed that physicians' sickness certification practice might be influenced by interventions in both the intended and non-intended direction, however, no statistically significant effect was indicated by the meta-analysis. The included studies varied considerably concerning intervention content and effect measures.KEY POINTSThe knowledge is very limited regarding the content of interventions directed to physician's sickness certification practiceThe identified interventions included some type of training of physicians, and some of them also included IT-support for physiciansThere was a great heterogeneity among the interventions concerning effect measures used regarding return to work among patientsThe individual studies showed that physicians' sickness certification practice might be influenced by interventions in both intended and non-intended directions, however, the overall meta-analysis did not indicate an effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wennman-Larsen A.
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hoving J. L.
- Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, and Research center for Insurance Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexanderson K.
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Friberg E.
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- CONTACT Friberg E Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effectiveness of a return to work intervention after occupational disability retirement due to depression and anxiety. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2022; 28:1387-1398. [PMID: 35045781 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2029505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common cause for disability retirement among people of middle age. The following social disintegration can have an additional detrimental effect on subjects' psychological well-being, which further reduces their chances for recovery. Long-term disability could be avoidable in many cases as depression and anxiety disorders don't have an etiology that makes permanent loss of function inevitable. This prospective cohort study tests the long-term effects of an intervention addressed at these young disablement retirees. Forty-one subjects each in the experimental and control group were followed-up on over a period of 24 months. The intervention had positive effects on psychological well-being. More subjects returned to work than controls. The effects were still present at one year follow-up. These findings show that an individually tailored return-to-work intervention is a useful, sustainable and economically advantageous therapeutic tool to get out of disability retirement due to mental illness even after all other therapeutic tools have failed.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gühne U, Pabst A, Kösters M, Hasan A, Falkai P, Kilian R, Allgöwer A, Ajayi K, Baumgärtner J, Brieger P, Frasch K, Heres S, Jäger M, Küthmann A, Putzhammer A, Schneeweiß B, Schwarz M, Becker T, Breilmann J, Riedel-Heller SG. Predictors of competitive employment in individuals with severe mental illness: results from an observational, cross-sectional study in Germany. J Occup Med Toxicol 2022; 17:3. [PMID: 35042511 PMCID: PMC8767732 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-022-00345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Employment is of great importance as it is associated with various positive effects. Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) are often excluded from competitive employment. Current data on employment of individuals with mental illness are rare, and influencing factors are under-researched. The present study examines possible predictors of competitive employment among individuals with SMI. Methods This was a cross-sectional and multicentered study of 300 individuals with SMI aged 18 to 65 years. The following inclusion criteria were used: (I) diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (ICD-10 F2x), or affective disorders (ICD-10 F3x), (II) duration of psychiatric illness ≥ 2 years, and (III) substantial impact of illness on social functioning. Participants were interviewed by trained staff using standardised instruments. The relationship between potential predictors (age, sex, education, marital status, living situation, migration background, psychosocial functioning, age at first mental problem, physical illness, work ability) and employment was analysed using a hierarchic binary logistic regression model. Results Only one-third (34%) of participants were competitively employed. Almost one-third were unemployed (30%), and 28% reported early retirement due to mental illness. Psychosocial functioning was positively associated with competitive employment (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05 – 1.13, p < 0.001); concurrent chronic physical illness was negatively associated with competitive employment (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21 – 0.71, p = 0.002). Conclusions Findings confirm a high risk of exclusion from competitive employment among individuals with SMI. Nonetheless, a substantial proportion of individuals are employed. Findings call for efforts to maintain or enhance workforce participation among individuals with SMI. A special focus should be placed on improving physical health and strengthening psychosocial functioning. Trial registration The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) under the registration number DRKS00015801 before the start of recruitment (Registration date: 21.02.2019).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Gühne
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Kösters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, University of Augsburg, Medical Faculty, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Allgöwer
- Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Jessica Baumgärtner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, University of Augsburg, Medical Faculty, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Karel Frasch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, District hospital Donauwörth, Donauwörth, Germany
| | | | - Markus Jäger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, District hospital Kempten, Kempten, Germany
| | - Andreas Küthmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, District hospital Memmingen, Memmingen, Germany
| | - Albert Putzhammer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, District hospital Kaufbeuren, Kaufbeuren, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Becker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Breilmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Christensen J, Winkel BG, Eskildsen SJ, Gottlieb R, Hassager C, Wagner MK. OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022; 22:328-331. [PMID: 35766177 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Patient-reported return-to-work and job functioning 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge and received rehabilitation interventions and unmet rehabilitation needs were explored in a consecutive population of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Patients working prior to cardiac arrest were invited to participate in a telephone administered survey. Thirty-eight surveys were conducted and included for analysis, equivalent to a minimum response rate of 95%. Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest had extensive challenges returning to work. Six- and 12-months post-arrest, 58% and 45% were respectively on full time sick leave or working notably less (>10 h/week) and with extensive unmet rehabilitation needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Christensen
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Gregers Winkel
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Janum Eskildsen
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Gottlieb
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Hassager
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Kirstine Wagner
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fyhn T, Sveinsdottir V, Reme SE, Sandal GM. A mixed methods study of employers' and employees' evaluations of job seekers with a mental illness, disability, or of a cultural minority. Work 2021; 70:235-245. [PMID: 34511527 PMCID: PMC8543240 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Groups in society that are under-represented in the workforce encounter various barriers in the job-seeking process. Some of these barriers are found on the employer’s side of the table. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates supervisors’ and employees’ assessments of job seekers with different forms of disabilities, health issues, or with a minority background. It also investigates respondents’ previous experience with such colleagues, and whether supervisor status affects their assessments. METHODS: A survey was distributed among supervisors (n = 305) and employees (n = 925) using a vignette design with ten characters, inquiring about willingness to include such an employee in their work group. The vignettes described job seekers with either a mental illness, a physical disability or a cultural minority. Risk ratio (RR) was calculated for being assessed positively, using a vignette character describing a single mother as reference. RESULTS: Vignette characters describing mental health issues and physical disabilities were less likely to be assessed positively than the reference case, except for the vignette describing audio impairment. Cultural minorities were assessed as positive, or more positively than the reference case. Supervisors and employees generally agreed in their assessments of vignette characters, and previous experience was consistently associated with a more positive assessment of the character in question. Various barriers to include the least favoured vignette characters were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Although some findings are promising with regard to increasing work participation for underrepresented groups, barriers pertaining to some of the vignette characters should be addressed in vocational rehabilitation efforts, as well as in organizations seeking to enhance equal opportunities and diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silje E Reme
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro M Sandal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Buchanan H, Grimmer K. Keyword parsimony-lessons from a scoping review. Syst Rev 2021; 10:230. [PMID: 34389050 PMCID: PMC8364008 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01784-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Buchanan
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Karen Grimmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gushikem A, Cardoso MDM, Cabral ALL, Barros CSM, Isidro HBTM, Silva JR, Kauer JB, Soares RT. Predictive factors for return to work or study and satisfaction in traumatic brachial plexus injury individuals undergoing rehabilitation: A retrospective follow-up study of 101 cases. J Hand Ther 2021; 36:103-109. [PMID: 34392998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important focus of rehabilitation is thereturn to the meningful occupations which may include work and school activities. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate predictive factors for return to work/study in traumatic brachial plexus injury patients undergoing rehabilitation and to investigate the level of satisfaction with treatment. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective observational study with at least 1 year of follow-up. METHODS One hundred and one individuals with traumatic brachial plexus injury enrolled in this study. Primary outcomes were return to work/study and satisfaction with treatment. A secondary outcome was the self-perception of what influenced return to work. Sociodemographic and related to injury data, rehabilitation interventions, muscle strength, and disability were analyzed as predictors. Associations were investigated using univariable and discriminant analysis and considered a level of significance of P < .05. RESULTS Return to work/study occurred in 55% of the patients who participated in this study. Muscle strength discerned those who returned to work. Time interval between trauma and surgery and age were lower in those who returned to work. Thirty-one patients answered the question regarding self-perception of what influenced return to work. They indicated "necessity", "rehabilitation", "my desire" and "not become depressed". Satisfaction was graded between 8.9 and 9.5 in 95% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS Return to work/study was related to muscle strength improvement and those who returned were younger and had less time elapsed from trauma. Individual factors and rehabilitation were pointed out as helpful in aiding return to work. Satisfaction with treatment was high. These findings can help to optimize goals in the rehabilitation environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Gushikem
- Physiotherapy department, SARAH Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brasilia, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
McElhiney MC, Rabkin JG, Wainberg ML, Finkel MR, Scodes J. Comparison of counseling methods to promote employment for HIV+ ADULTS. Work 2021; 69:981-995. [PMID: 34219692 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite improved health and during a strong job market (pre-COVID-19), a substantial proportion of HIV+ adults remained unemployed. This study sought to provide time-limited counseling to promote employment goals. OBJECTIVE To determine whether behavioral activation (BA) or supportive counseling (SC), would be more effective in promoting vocational goals (full or part-time, paid or volunteer). METHODS The study included two groups: those with clinically significant fatigue, who were first treated with armodafinil. Once their fatigue diminished, they were enrolled in the counseling program. Those without fatigue were enrolled directly. Both BA and SC interventions were manualized, consisting of eight individual sessions plus a follow-up. RESULTS 116 participants entered counseling, including 87 assigned to BA and 29 to SC. Of these, 79 completed counseling or found a job by session eight. By follow-up, 51%of BA versus 41%of SC participants had found jobs, a non-significant difference either clinically or statistically. CONCLUSIONS Multiple issues contributed to difficulty in employment, including gaps in resumes, loss of contact with former colleagues, and uncertainty about career direction. Ongoing barriers included substance use, housing instability, ambivalence about forfeiting government benefits, as well as inadequately treated depression. Success in employment for about half of participants is, in this context, a reasonable outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin C McElhiney
- Department of Mood, Anxiety, Eating and Related Disorders New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith G Rabkin
- Department of Mood, Anxiety, Eating and Related Disorders New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Milton L Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York, NY, USA.,Department of Translational Epidemiology New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY, USA
| | - Madeline R Finkel
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Scodes
- Department of Mental Health Data Science New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gjengedal RGH, Reme SE, Osnes K, Lagerfeld SE, Blonk RWB, Sandin K, Berge T, Hjemdal O. Work-focused therapy for common mental disorders: A naturalistic study comparing an intervention group with a waitlist control group. Work 2021; 66:657-667. [PMID: 32623425 PMCID: PMC7504991 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Common mental disorders (CMD) are leading causes of sickness absence. Treatments for CMD that both reduce symptoms and support work participation urgently need to be developed. OBJECTIVE: Determine the potential effects of work-focused therapy combining work interventions with either meta cognitive therapy or cognitive behavioural therapy (W-MCT/CBT) for patients with CMD on sick leave. METHODS: Naturalistic study with a quasi-experimental approach. Pre- and post-scores (return to work, symptoms, return-to-work self-efficacy, clinical recovery from depression and anxiety) were compared between the intervention group (n = 87) who received immediate treatment over an average of 10.40 sessions (SD = 3.09) and the non-randomized waitlist control group (n = 95) that had waited an average of 11.18 weeks (SD = 2.29). RESULTS: Significantly more patients returned fully to work in the intervention group (41.4%) than the control group (26.3%). Effect sizes for self-efficacy scores, depression and anxiety were large in the intervention group (d = 1.28, 1.01, 1.58), and significantly lower in the control group (d = 0.60, 0.14, 0.45). Significantly more patients in the treatment group than control group recovered from depression (54.1% vs. 12.8%) and anxiety (50.0% vs.10.6%). CONCLUSIONS: W-MCT/CBT may be an effective intervention for patients on sick leave due to CMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ragne G H Gjengedal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Roland W B Blonk
- Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,TNO, Institute for Applied Scientific Research, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth Sandin
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Odin Hjemdal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gühne U, Jung F, Röhr S, Pabst A, Grochtdreis T, Dams J, Renner A, Nagl M, Kersting A, König HH, Riedel-Heller SG. [Occupational Participation of Syrian Refugees with Posttraumatic Stress in Germany]. PSYCHIATRISCHE PRAXIS 2021; 49:352-358. [PMID: 34102697 DOI: 10.1055/a-1503-4685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Description of employment situation and search for determinants of employment depending on symptom severity in refugees with posttraumatic stress. METHODS Standardized interviews with 133 Syrian refugees (18 to 65 years) living in Germany with posttraumatic stress symptoms and exploratory data analysis. RESULTS 27.1 % of the participants were employed; including 13.9 % women and 86.1 % men (p = 0.001). Links between mental health and employment can be shown (posttraumatic stress p = 0.039, depressiveness p = 0.020, somatisation p = 0.026). With regard to social support and type of trauma, as well as residence status and duration of residence, there were no differences between refugees with and without employment. CONCLUSION The current analysis on the employment situation of a circumscribed group of Syrian refugees focuses on the importance of psychological symptom burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Gühne
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät
| | - Franziska Jung
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät
| | - Susanne Röhr
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät
| | - Thomas Grochtdreis
- Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie und Versorgungsforschung, Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Judith Dams
- Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie und Versorgungsforschung, Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Anna Renner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Michaela Nagl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Anette Kersting
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie und Versorgungsforschung, Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Arbeitsmedizin und Public Health (ISAP), Universität Leipzig, Medizinische Fakultät
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Behrens-Wittenberg E, Wedegaertner F. A Return-to-Work Intervention for Prematurely Retired Depression or Anxiety Disorder Patients. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:662158. [PMID: 34149480 PMCID: PMC8206491 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.662158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common cause for premature retirement of people of middle age. These people are expelled from the workforce. The following social disintegration can have an additional detrimental effect on subjects' psychological well-being which further reduces the chance to re-enter the workforce. Depression and anxiety in general need not be regarded as irreversible causes of disability. Therefore, long-term disability should be avoidable in many cases. This two-arm prospective controlled study tests a novel approach for those who have become economically inactive due to their illness with the goal to improve psychological well-being and return to work. Forty-one subjects were followed-up on over a period of 12 months and compared to 41 control cases. ANOVA for repeated measures showed that experimental subjects' psychological well-being and work ability was much better after the intervention than in the control group. These findings show that an individually tailored return-to-work intervention can be a useful therapeutic tool even after retirement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Wedegaertner
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lane TJ, Berecki-Gisolf J, Iles R, Smith PM, Collie A. The impact of long-term workers' compensation benefit cessation on welfare and health service use: protocol for a longitudinal controlled data linkage study. Int J Popul Data Sci 2021; 6:1419. [PMID: 34036182 PMCID: PMC8130798 DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v6i1.1419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2012, the Australian state of New South Wales passed legislation that reformed its workers’ compensation system. Section 39 introduced a five-year limit on income replacement, with the first affected group having their benefits cease in December 2017. There is limited evidence on how this will affect their healthcare service use and where they will go for financial support. Methods Multiple data sources will be linked: administrate workers’ compensation claims data from the State Insurance Regulatory Authority (SIRA), universal health insurance data from the Medical Benefits Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), state hospital and emergency department data, and social welfare data from the Department of Social Services’ Data Over Multiple Individual Occurrences (DOMINO). An estimated 4,125 injured workers had their benefits cease due to Section 39. These will form the exposure group who will be compared to 1) a similar group of workers’ compensation claimants who have had at least two years of compensated time off work but whose benefits did not cease due to Section 39; and 2) a community comparison group drawn from state hospital and emergency department records. An accredited third party will link the data, which will be accessible only via secure virtual machine. Initial analyses will compare the prevalence and incidence of service use across groups in both the year before and year after benefit cessation; the community control will be assigned the median benefit cessation date in lieu of an actual date. To estimate the impact of benefit cessation due to Section 39, we will conduct time series analysis of the prevalence and incidence of service use. Discussion This study will provide much-needed evidence on the consequences of long-term benefit cessation, particularly on subsequent healthcare and welfare service use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Lane
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Janneke Berecki-Gisolf
- Monash University Accident Research Centre (MUARC), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross Iles
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter M Smith
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Collie
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Palumbo AJ, Richmond TS, Webster J, Koilor C, Jacoby SF. The relationship between work and mental health outcomes in Black men after serious injury. Injury 2021; 52:750-756. [PMID: 33627251 PMCID: PMC8084974 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the association between return to work (RTW) and mental health outcomes in Black men in Philadelphia recovering from serious traumatic injuries. METHODS We analyzed data from 498 Black men aged ≥ 18 years living in Philadelphia who were admitted to a Level I trauma center for injury between January 2013 and June 2017. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association between pre-injury occupation, RTW and depression or PTSD 3 months after hospitalization. RESULTS In adjusted analyses, men who had not RTW at follow-up had higher odds of poor mental health outcomes than men who had RTW (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.8, 4.2). Additional significant factors included: younger age, lack of or public health insurance and higher lifetime experiences of racism. CONCLUSIONS The mental health recovery trajectory of injured Black men living in Philadelphia is associated with RTW and other factors that can influence financial stability and economic resources. POLICY IMPLICATIONS Programmatic strategies that seek to optimize recovery after injury in Black men should include consideration of key structural factors such as employment, financial stability, and the impact of racism-related exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee J Palumbo
- College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Therese S Richmond
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jessica Webster
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christopher Koilor
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sara F Jacoby
- Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Fyhn T, Øverland S, Reme SE. Predictors of employment in people with moderate to severe mental illness participating in a randomized controlled trial of Individual Placement and Support (IPS). Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021; 67:150-157. [PMID: 32666858 PMCID: PMC8191162 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020934841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people with moderate to severe mental illness have a desire to obtain ordinary employment. To aid further development of health and social services for this group, the aim of this study was to examine candidate modifiable and prognostic markers of employment, and moderating effects of group allocation in a clinical trial. METHOD The sample consists of 327 patients in treatment for mental illness, randomized to Individual Placement and Support (IPS) or treatment as usual (TAU) as part of a clinical trial. Psychosocial and demographic baseline characteristics were included as predictors in log binary regression analyses with employment 18 months after inclusion as the outcome, and group allocation as the moderator (IPS or TAU). RESULTS Directive emotional support and non-directive instrumental support seemed to positively predict employment, but effects were small. Involuntary hospitalization seemed to be a strong negative predictor of employment. Group allocation did not moderate any main effects. CONCLUSION Interpretation of the findings suggest that attention should be given to certain aspects of health and social services provided to this target group, and in particular the effect of receiving appropriate types of social support. The findings are novel because social support and involuntary hospitalization do not seem to have been included in previous predictor studies. The results from this study identify new topics for research on employment outcomes for this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Øverland
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje E Reme
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Owoo NS, Lambon-Quayefio MP. Mixed methods exploration of Ghanaian women's domestic work, childcare and effects on their mental health. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245059. [PMID: 33529183 PMCID: PMC7853525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This research paper aims to understand the effects of time spent in domestic work, including childcare, on women’s mental health in Ghana. The paper adopted a triangulation convergence mixed methods approach. The quantitative information was sourced from two waves (2009/ 2014) of the Ghana Socioeconomic Panel Survey (GSEPS) while qualitative information was obtained from in-depth interviews with couples and key informants from five (5) regions, representing diverse ethnic backgrounds, in Ghana. Employing fixed effects regressions and a multinomial logistic regression model with fixed effects, we find that domestic work contributes to poorer mental health outcomes among women. These results are consistent, even when we correct for potential self-selectivity of women into domestic work. We also examine whether the relationship is differentiated between women of higher and lower socioeconomic status. We find that women from wealthier households who spend increasing time in domestic work have higher odds of mental distress. These results are supported by the qualitative data- women indicate increasing stress levels from domestic work and while some husbands acknowledge the situation of their overburdened wives and make attempts, however minor, to help, others cite social norms and cultural expectations that act as a deterrent to men’s assistance with domestic work. Efforts should be made to lessen the effects of social and cultural norms which continue to encourage gendered distributions of domestic work. This may be done through increased education, sensitization and general re-socialization of both men and women about the need for more egalitarian divisions of household work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nkechi S. Owoo
- Department of Economics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Leinonen T, Viikari-Juntura E, Räisänen H, Sundvall S, Kauhanen A, Solovieva S. Does Work Disability Contribute to Trajectories of Work Participation before and after Vocational Labour Market Training for Job Seekers? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1347. [PMID: 33540863 PMCID: PMC7908399 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of ill-health to labour market participation in relation to vocational training is unclear. Using nationally representative Finnish register data on 42,691 vocational labour market trainees in 2008-2010, we constructed latent trajectory groups of work participation in the open labour market three years before and after training, identifying groups called "High-High", "High-Low", "Low-High", and "Low-Low". We plotted further patterns of labour market participation within these trajectory groups and, using multinomial logistic regression, examined assignment to these groups focusing on previous work disability status. Those with compared to those without previous work disability had previous employment more often and spent less time in economic inactivity within the two trajectory groups with low pre-training levels of work participation. Having a previous work disability was associated with assignment to the "High-Low" trajectory group of work participation instead of the "High-High" comparison group. The associations of other background factors with the assignment to the different trajectory groups were relatively similar amongst those with and without previous work disability. However, some of these associations were weaker amongst the former. Along with other key background factors, previous work disability should be accounted for when assessing the effects of vocational training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taina Leinonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (E.V.-J.); (S.S.)
| | - Eira Viikari-Juntura
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (E.V.-J.); (S.S.)
| | - Heikki Räisänen
- Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, 00023 Helsinki, Finland; (H.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Santtu Sundvall
- Ministry of Economic Affairs and Employment, 00023 Helsinki, Finland; (H.R.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Svetlana Solovieva
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00032 Helsinki, Finland; (E.V.-J.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Couser GP, Morrison DE, Brown AO, Agarwal G. Is Separation from the Workplace a Psychiatric Emergency? The Role of the Clinician and the Consultant. Psychiatr Ann 2021. [DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20210105-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
39
|
Holmås TH, Monstad K, Reme SE. Regular employment for people with mental illness - An evaluation of the individual placement and support programme. Soc Sci Med 2021; 270:113691. [PMID: 33465601 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tor Helge Holmås
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Karin Monstad
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hurt AW, March DS, Cooper NJ, Burton JO. Is Exercise a Cost-Effective Intervention for People Receiving Hemodialysis? A Narrative Review. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
41
|
Björk M, Gerdle B, Liedberg G, Svanholm F, Solmi M, Thompson T, Chaimani A, Dragioti E. Interventions to facilitate return to work in adults with chronic non-malignant pain: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040962. [PMID: 33199425 PMCID: PMC7670949 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Work absenteeism due to chronic non-malignant pain (CNMP) is a major societal and individual cause of concern that requires effective treatments. OBJECTIVE We present a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aiming to compare available interventions for return to work (RTW) in adults with CNMP. METHODS AND ANALYSIS PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases will be searched till 31 August 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining interventions for RTW outcomes among patients with CNMP. Two independent investigators will search the databases, perform data extraction and assess the methodological quality of the selected RCTs. The primary outcome will be RTW, if possible, full-time or part-time after work absence due to chronic pain from baseline to the last available follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported workability or work capacity, or self-reported physical functioning and quality of life as measured by any validated scale. Pairwise meta-analysis and NMA will be conducted for each outcome using a random-effects model. For the primary outcomes, we will also obtain the ranking of all competing interventions within each NMA using surface under the cumulative ranking curve. The assumption of coherence (ie, that direct and indirect evidence are in statistical agreement) will be examined using both a local and a global approach. We will also conduct subgroup and meta-regression analyses, whenever feasible, to investigate the unexplained variation in effect size. The comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to evaluate small-study effects. The overall quality of evidence will be rated with the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis tool. Data analysis will be conducted using Stata V.16.0. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This systematic review does not require ethical approval since it will not disseminate any private patient data. The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020171429.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilda Björk
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Björn Gerdle
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Liedberg
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Frida Svanholm
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Marco Solmi
- Neurosciences Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Trevor Thompson
- School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Anna Chaimani
- Research Center of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS UMR1153), INSERM, INRA, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elena Dragioti
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
employment is critically important in mental health care. Unemployment worsens mental health and gaining employment can improve mental health, even for people with the most serious mental illnesses. In this editorial, we argue for a new treatment paradigm in mental health that emphasises employment, because supported employment is an evidence-based intervention that can help the majority of people with mental health disability to succeed in integrated, competitive employment. Unlike most mental health treatments, employment engenders self-reliance and leads to other valued outcomes, including self-confidence, the respect of others, personal income and community integration. It is not only an effective short-term treatment but also one of the only interventions that lessen dependence on the mental health system over time.
Collapse
|
43
|
Haas B, Jeon SH, Rotermann M, Stepner M, Fransoo R, Sanmartin C, Wunsch H, Scales DC, Iwashyna TJ, Garland A. Association of Severe Trauma With Work and Earnings in a National Cohort in Canada. JAMA Surg 2020; 156:51-59. [PMID: 33112383 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.4599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Traumatic injury disproportionately affects adults of working age. The ability to work and earn income is a key patient-centered outcome. The association of severe injury with work and earnings appears to be unknown. Objective To evaluate the association of severe traumatic injury with subsequent employment and earnings in long-term survivors. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a retrospective, matched, national, population-based cohort study of adults who had employment and were hospitalized with severe traumatic injury in Canada between January 2008 and December 2010. All acute care hospitalizations for severe injury were included if they involved adults aged 30 to 61 years who were hospitalized with severe traumatic injury, working in the 2 years prior to injury, and alive through the third calendar year after their injury. Patients were matched with unexposed control participants based on age, sex, marital status, province of residence, rurality, baseline health characteristics, baseline earnings, self-employment status, union membership, and year of the index event. Data analysis occurred from March 2019 to December 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Changes in employment status and annual earnings, compared with unexposed control participants, were evaluated in the third calendar year after injury. Weighted multivariable probit regression was used to compare proportions of individuals working between those who survived trauma and control participants. The association of injury with mean yearly earnings was quantified using matched difference-in-difference, ordinary least-squares regression. Results A total of 5167 adults (25.6% female; mean [SD] age, 47.3 [8.8] years) with severe injuries were matched with control participants who were unexposed (25.6% female; mean [SD] age, 47.3 [8.8] years). Three years after trauma, 79.3% of those who survived trauma were working, compared with 91.7% of control participants, a difference of -12.4 (95% CI, -13.5 to -11.4) percentage points. Three years after injury, patients with injuries experienced a mean loss of $9745 (95% CI, -$10 739 to -$8752) in earnings compared with control participants, representing a 19.0% difference in annual earnings. Those who remained employed 3 years after injury experienced a 10.8% loss of earnings compared with control participants (-$6043 [95% CI, -$7101 to -$4986]). Loss of work was proportionately higher in those with lower preinjury income (lowest tercile, -18.5% [95% CI, -20.8% to -16.2%]; middle tercile, -11.5% [95% CI, -13.2% to -9.9%]; highest tercile, -6.0% (95% CI, -7.8% to -4.3%]). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, severe traumatic injury had a significant association with employment and earnings of adults of working age. Those with lower preinjury earnings experienced the greatest relative loss of employment and earnings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Haas
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Michael Stepner
- Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Randy Fransoo
- Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Hannah Wunsch
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damon C Scales
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theodore J Iwashyna
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Allan Garland
- Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ware D, Rueda S, Plankey M, Surkan P, Okafor CN, Teplin L, Friedman MR. The longitudinal impact of employment, retirement and disability status on depressive symptoms among men living with HIV in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239291. [PMID: 33007781 PMCID: PMC7532049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Many persons living with HIV (PLWH) either reduced their employment capacity or stopped work completely due to disease progression. With the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy, some PLWH were able to return to the workforce and many are now transitioning into retirement. We examined the histories of employment, retirement and disability status on depression among 1,497 Participants living with HIV from 1997 to 2015 in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Data were collected on depressive symptoms, employment, retirement, disability status as well as HIV-related and sociodemographic characteristics. Employment, retirement and disability status were lagged 2 years to assess whether the risk of depression at a given observation were temporally predicted by each respective status, adjusting for prior depressive symptoms and covariates. Being employed (aOR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.71-0.82) had lower odds of depression risk two years later compared to those unemployed. There were higher odds of depression risk associated with disability (aOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.32-1.54) versus those not on disability. Retirement status was not associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. These findings could help inform policies and employment programs to facilitate the return to work for PLWH who are willing and able to work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Ware
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Sergio Rueda
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Science, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Plankey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Pamela Surkan
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chukwuemeka N. Okafor
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
| | - Linda Teplin
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - M. Reuel Friedman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Employment is a social determinant of health that is important for understanding health behaviors, health outcomes and HIV transmission among people living with HIV. This study is a scoping review of the literature that addresses (a) the relationship between employment and the HIV continuum of care, (b) determinants of employment among PLWH and (c) experiences with employment. We searched two databases, PubMed and Embase, and identified a total of 5622 articles that were subjected to title and abstract review. Of these, 5387 were excluded, leaving 235 articles for full-text review. A total of 66 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The literature suggests that employment status is positively associated with HIV testing, linkage to HIV care, retention in HIV care, and HIV medication adherence. Guided by a social-ecological framework, we identified determinants of employment at the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels that are amenable to public health intervention. Experiences with employment, including barriers, facilitators, advantages, disadvantages, and needs, provide additional insight for future research and programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H Maulsby
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Health Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N Broadway, Rm. 904C, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Aneeka Ratnayake
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donna Hesson
- Welch Medical Library, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Carl A Latkin
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Although it has been established that employed status is generally associated with better mental health than unemployed status, the psychological mechanisms that underlie the longitudinal association between employment status and psychological distress remain to be understood. Initial mental health, lower coping skills and social support, and more stressful events could potentially preselect certain vulnerable individuals to be at higher risk for unemployment or employment instability. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between employment status (including transitional employment status) and psychological distress, controlling for the effect of initial psychological distress, coping skills, social support, and stressful events. In 2009, residents from the epidemiological catchment area of south-west Montréal responded to a randomized household survey for adults. Follow-up surveys were conducted in 2011 and 2013 (n = 1168). Psychological distress was measured using the K-10 scale. Employment status was not significantly associated with psychological distress over time, however there were significant differences between the groups with the continually employed reporting the lowest average levels of psychological distress over time. Controlling for coping skills, social support, stressful events and initial psychological distress changed the strengths of the association between transitional employment status and psychological distress at follow-up. A significant longitudinal association between continual unemployment and psychological distress was observed. Initial psychological distress was significantly associated with becoming unemployed. Results suggest initial psychological distress as a risk factor for becoming unemployed and that the negative psychological implications of employment transitions can be significantly reduced when conditions for coping are optimized.
Collapse
|
47
|
Pre-Existing and New-Onset Depression and Anxiety Among Workers With Injury or Illness Work Leaves. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:e567-e572. [PMID: 32769787 PMCID: PMC7537737 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To examine the influence of depression and/or anxiety on work leaves and the impact of work leaves on experiencing a new-onset depression and/or anxiety disorder.
Collapse
|
48
|
Marrone J, Swarbrick MA. Long-Term Unemployment: A Social Determinant Underaddressed Within Community Behavioral Health Programs. Psychiatr Serv 2020; 71:745-748. [PMID: 32188365 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Employment has the potential to contribute to positive health outcomes for people with serious mental illnesses; however, its flipside, long-term unemployment, is a social determinant that has not been consistently recognized for its negative effects. Therefore, in this column, the authors examined how the widely accepted notion that unemployment is extremely deleterious to health is largely overlooked. Clinical risk factors related to long-term unemployment are identified as well as the inadequate response to them within mental health systems of care. Practical individual- and systems-level strategies to rectify this oversight are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Marrone
- Institute for Community Inclusion, University of Massachusetts Boston (Marrone); Collaborative Support Programs of New Jersey, Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care, Piscataway (Swarbrick). Ruth S. Shim, M.D., M.P.H., and Michael T. Compton, M.D., M.P.H., are editors of this column
| | - Margaret A Swarbrick
- Institute for Community Inclusion, University of Massachusetts Boston (Marrone); Collaborative Support Programs of New Jersey, Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care, Piscataway (Swarbrick). Ruth S. Shim, M.D., M.P.H., and Michael T. Compton, M.D., M.P.H., are editors of this column
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
McElhiney MC, Rabkin JG, Daughters SB, Timperlake EC, Wainberg ML. Returning to work after fatigue treatment and counseling in HIV/AIDS. Work 2020; 64:843-852. [PMID: 31815724 DOI: 10.3233/wor-193046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employment rates for people with HIV/AIDS are low, compared to the general population. One widespread barrier is fatigue, accompanied by daytime sleepiness and a lack of stamina. Previous pharmacological studies have demonstrated improvement of fatigue-related symptoms without affecting work-related goal attainmentOBJECTIVE:In this pilot study, we sought to determine whether a pharmacologic-behavioral two-phase combined approach could facilitate returning to work. METHODS HIV+ participants with fatigue were treated with armodafinil. If energy improved, 8 sessions of biweekly manualized Behavioral Activation (BA) counseling were added to medication maintenance. Outcome was assessed on a 3-point scale along with clinician and self-ratings. RESULTS Of the 46 participants enrolled in BA, 15 (33%) did not complete all 8 sessions: 6 got jobs so they no longer needed counseling; 4 did not like BA, and 5 dropped out for reasons such as moving away or substance use relapse. Of the 46, 29 (63%) attained their vocational goal and showed significant changes on self-report scales. CONCLUSIONS Our integrated treatment including armodafinil plus BA counseling significantly increased the success of achieving work-related goals. The two-phase medication plus counseling program was well-tolerated by participants and the manualized BA counseling was readily applied by counselors without advanced mental health training, making the method potentially feasible in community settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin C McElhiney
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith G Rabkin
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacey B Daughters
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Milton L Wainberg
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Translational Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lau G, Gabbe BJ, Collie A, Ponsford J, Ameratunga S, Cameron PA, Harrison JE, Giummarra MJ. The Association Between Fault Attribution and Work Participation After Road Traffic Injury: A Registry-Based Observational Study. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2020; 30:235-254. [PMID: 31820220 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-019-09867-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To characterise associations between fault attribution and work participation and capacity after road traffic injury. Methods People aged 15-65 years, working pre-injury, without serious brain injury, who survived to 12 months after road traffic injury were included from two Victorian trauma registries (n = 2942). Fault profiles from linked compensation claims were defined as no other at fault, another at fault, denied another at fault, claimed another at fault, and unknown. Claimant reports in the denied and claimed another at fault groups contradicted police reports. Patients reported work capacity (Glasgow outcome scale-extended) and return to work (RTW) at 6, 12 and 24 months post-injury (early and sustained RTW, delayed RTW (≥ 12 months), failed RTW attempts, no RTW attempts). Analyses adjusted for demographic, clinical and injury covariates. Results The risk of not returning to work was higher if another was at fault [adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) = 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29, 2.17] or was claimed to be at fault (aRRR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.04, 2.41), and lower for those who denied that another was at fault (aRRR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.29, 0.91), compared to cases with no other at fault. Similarly, people had higher odds of work capacity limitations if another was at fault (12m: AOR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.24, 1.80; 24m: 1.63, 95% CI 1.35, 1.97) or was claimed to be at fault (12m: AOR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.16, 2.05; 24m: AOR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.34, 2.41), and lower odds if they denied another was at fault (6m: AOR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.48, 0.95), compared to cases with no other at fault. Conclusion Targeted interventions are needed to support work participation in people at risk of poor RTW post-injury. While interventions targeting fault and justice-related attributions are currently lacking, these may be beneficial for people who believe that another caused their injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Lau
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Health Data Research UK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Alex Collie
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Jennie Ponsford
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Hospital, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Shanthi Ameratunga
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter A Cameron
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - James E Harrison
- Research Centre for Injury Studies, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Melita J Giummarra
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Caulfield Pain Management and Research Centre, Caulfield Hospital, Caulfield, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|