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Sirotiak Z, Brellenthin AG, Hariharan A, Welch AS, Meyer JD, Franke WD. Psychological correlates of physical activity among adults living in rural and urban settings. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1389078. [PMID: 38659683 PMCID: PMC11039787 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1389078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Middle-aged and older adults living in rural settings have been consistently less likely to report regular physical activity (PA) than those living in urban settings. While past literature has identified sociodemographic and environmental correlates of PA that may contribute to these differences, consideration of psychological correlates has been limited. A total of 95 rural and urban adults ≥50 years old provided self-reported sociodemographic information, PA level, and psychological correlates of PA including measures assessing motivation, self-efficacy, social support, and attitudes related to PA. The average participant age was 68.6 years, and most were female (62.1%) and married (70.5%). While PA level did not differ significantly between the rural and urban groups, different psychological correlates contributed significantly to separate rural and urban linear regression models considering PA status. Among rural adults, more positive attitudes toward PA, and greater PA self-efficacy and social support were associated with greater amounts of PA while for urban adults, no psychological correlates were significantly associated with PA. Psychosocial factors may be key considerations in developing more effective PA interventions in middle-aged and older adults living in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Sirotiak
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Arjun Hariharan
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Amy S. Welch
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States
| | - Jacob D. Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Warren D. Franke
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Ghaddar F, Zeidan RK, Salameh P, Maupas-Schwalm F. Physical activity and odds of coronary heart disease among Lebanese women. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:516. [PMID: 38373923 PMCID: PMC10875797 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that physical activity (PA) is protective against cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have examined the association between PA, sedentary lifestyle and coronary heart disease (CHD) in women. This case-control study investigates the relationship between PA and sedentary behavior on CHD odds in Lebanese women over forty. METHODS One thousand five hundred selected Lebanese women (300 cases and 1200 controls) were included between 2018-2019. Cases were hospitalized women newly diagnosed with CHD, whereas the control groups were free of any heart diseases. Data on socio-demographic, lifestyle, cardiovascular factors, PA and sedentary lifestyle were collected. Multivariate logistic regressions, adjusted for covariates, were performed to investigate the association of PA domains and sedentary behavior with CHD. RESULTS A sedentary lifestyle combined with low activity levels increased the odds of CHD. Among cases, 46.7% participated in moderate or vigorous PA against almost 60.3% of controls. 36.3% of coronary patients had more than 10 h/day of sedentary time, with a positive correlation with CHD (adjusted OR: 1.533, 95%CI: 1.046-2.247). Conversely, moderate and high levels (respectively 600-3000 and ≥ 3000 metabolic equivalents [MET]-minutes/week) of domestic/garden PA revealed lower CHD odds (OR: 0.566, 95%CI: 0.396-0.808 and 0.193, 0.065-0.578 respectively). The detrimental influence of sedentary lifestyle appeared to be significantly reversed by weekly moderate PA, especially as weekly sedentary time was less (OR: 0.616, 95%CI: 0.427-0.888/ 6 to10h of sedentary time and OR: 0.537, 95% CI: 0.37-0.779/ ≤ 6 h), and except sedentary time exceeding 10 h daily. Two PA patterns revealed lower CHD odds: transport-related and domestic/garden PA, as early as low amount, even after adjustment for possible confounders. CONCLUSION The current study highlights the importance of combating sedentary behaviors and engaging in regular, easily accessible PA to reduce the odds of coronary disease among aging women. Therefore, better information regarding the benefits of physical activities such as transportation-related activities or gardening would be helpful in enhancing the prevention of CHD in aging women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ghaddar
- Faculty of Public Health II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.
| | - Rouba K Zeidan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- INSPECT-LB, National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- CERIPH, Center for Research in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Mount-Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB, National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
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Segheto W, Kanegusuku H, Duarte de Oliveira M, Wolosker N, Correia MA, Ritti-Dias RM. Do Sociodemographic, Behavioral, Clinical, and Anthropometric Factors Influence the Association Between Sex and Functional Capacity in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease? Ann Vasc Surg 2024; 98:18-25. [PMID: 37918662 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the influence of sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and anthropometric factors on the association between sex and functional capacity in patients with peripheral arterial disease. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients aged more than 45 years, diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD), from 2 Brazilian hospitals. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors, clinical profile, and anthropometric measurements were collected. Functional capacity was assessed using the 6-min walk test and the Walking Impairment Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression, were performed to assess the relationships between sex, functional capacity, and potential influencing factors. RESULTS Among the 262 patients with PAD, 67 were women and 113 were men. Women exhibited lower absolute functional capacity and lower Walking Impairment Questionnaire scores compared to men, even after adjusting for potential confounders. However, relative functional capacity did not significantly differ between sexes after adjusting for variables. Pain-free walking distance was also lower in women compared to that in men, but this association lost significance after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. CONCLUSIONS Women with PAD had lower absolute functional capacity compared to men, influenced by various factors such as sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and anthropometric factors. However, the relative functional capacity was similar between genders, being influenced only by behavioral factors, while for the distance walked until pain, the association was lost after adjustments for sociodemographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nelson Wolosker
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rawat P, Sehar U, Bisht J, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias in Hispanics: Identifying influential factors and supporting caregivers. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102178. [PMID: 38154509 PMCID: PMC10807242 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) are the primary public health concerns in the United States and around the globe. AD/ADRD are irreversible mental illnesses that primarily impair memory and thought processes and may lead to cognitive decline among older individuals. The prevalence of AD/ADRD is higher in Native Americans, followed by African Americans and Hispanics. Increasing evidence suggests that Hispanics are the fastest-growing ethnic population in the USA and worldwide. Hispanics develop clinical symptoms of AD/ADRD and other comorbidities nearly seven years earlier than non-Hispanic whites. The consequences of AD/ADRD can be challenging for patients, their families, and caregivers. There is a significant increase in the burden of illness, primarily affecting Hispanic/Latino families. This is partly due to their strong sense of duty towards family, and it is exacerbated by the inadequacy of healthcare and community services that are culturally and linguistically suitable and responsive to their needs. With an increasing age population, low socioeconomic status, low education, high genetic predisposition to age-related conditions, unique cultural habits, and social behaviors, Hispanic Americans face a higher risk of AD/ADRD than other racial/ethnic groups. Our article highlights the status of Hispanic older adults with AD/ADRD. We also discussed the intervention to improve the quality of life in Hispanic caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA
| | - Jasbir Bisht
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Greendale GA, Jackson NJ, Shieh A, Cauley JA, Karvonen-Gutierrez C, Ylitalo KR, Gabriel KP, Sternfeld B, Karlamangla AS. Leisure time physical activity and bone mineral density preservation during the menopause transition and postmenopause: a longitudinal cohort analysis from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2023; 21:100481. [PMID: 37008197 PMCID: PMC10060105 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Whether greater leisure time physical activity (LTPA) is associated with less bone mineral density (BMD) loss during the menopause transition (MT) remains an open question. We hypothesized that: 1) larger increases in LTPA from pre-/early perimenopause (period 1) to late perimenopause/postmenopause (period 2) would be associated with a slower period 2 BMD loss rate; and 2) greater entire-study LTPA levels would be associated with better final absolute BMD (g/cm2). Methods Data were from of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (1996-2017). Exclusions were: bone beneficial medications, inability to identify start of the MT, and extreme BMD change rates. LTPA measures were a validated ordinal scale and number of metabolic equivalents per hour per week (MET hr wk-1) from sport/exercise. Multiply adjusted, linear regression models estimated: 1) BMD decline rate (annualized %) as a function of LTPA change; and 2) final BMD as a function of entire-study LTPA. Findings Median [p25, p75] MET hr wk-1 were 4.2 [0.9, 10.1] and 4.9 [1.4, 11.2] in periods 1 and 2, respectively; walking was the commonest activity. In adjusted models (N = 875), greater increases in LTPA ordinal score and MET hr wk-1 were statistically significantly associated with a slower decline in femoral neck (FN) BMD. Larger entire-study averages of each LTPA measure were statistically significantly related to better final FN and lumbar spine BMD levels. Interpretation Findings suggest that LTPA, at modest levels, mitigate MT-related BMD decline and even small increases in intensity, duration or frequency of common activities may lessen bone loss at the population level. Funding US-NIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A. Greendale
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Jackson
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Albert Shieh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane A. Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Kelly R. Ylitalo
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Barbara Sternfeld
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
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Hu L, Wang L, Zhang Y, Wang K, Wang Y, Tan H, Zhang Y. Participation in Household Physical Activity Lowers Mortality Risk in Chinese Women and Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:987. [PMID: 36673743 PMCID: PMC9859537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of sport and physical exercise (SPE) have been well documented, while the influence of household physical activity (HPA) on health has received much less research attention. This study aims to provide epidemiologic insight into the role HPA plays in the development of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease (RESP), and cancer mortality in a nationwide cohort of Chinese adults. We conceived a prospective cohort comprising 30,791 participants aged ≥16 years from 25 provinces of China using data derived from baseline (2010) and 4 waves of follow-up (2012-2018) investigations of the China Family Panel Studies. Self-reported times of HPA and SPE were collected by interviewing participants with a standard questionnaire. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the associations of HPA and SPE with all-cause, CVD, RESP, and cancer mortality, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and health status. A restricted cubic spline smoother was used to investigate the dose-response relationships of HPA and SPE with mortality outcomes. Sex subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the potential effect disparity between men and women. To investigate the interactive effects of HPA and SPE, we calculated the relative excess risk due to the interaction and attributable proportion of additive effects to the total observed effects. During a median follow-up of 7.2 years, a total of 1,649 deaths occurred, with 209 cases from CVD, 123 from RESP, and 323 from cancer. HPA was identified to be associated with reduced mortality outcomes, suggesting remarkably reduced risks of 43-60% in all-cause mortality, 42-50% in CVD mortality, 36-71% in RESP mortality, and 38-46% in cancer mortality. In general, higher levels of HPA tended to be associated with lower risks. An approximately inverted J-shape association was identified between HPA and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, suggesting strong evidence for potential nonlinearity. Women performing HPA had a lower risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. We did not identify significant evidence for additive interaction between HPA and SPE. HPA is independently associated with a reduced risk of mortality in Chinese women and men. More biological studies are needed to validate our findings and clarify the mechanisms underlying the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Hu
- Department of Nursing, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Nursing, Wuhan 1st Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Nursing, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Huiyue Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, China
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Taanila H, Rönkä AR, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Jokelainen J, Nordström T, Taanila A, Hurtig T. Associations between cohort study participation and self-reported health and well-being: the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:1019-1026. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2022-219229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AimThe aim of this study was to explore whether active participation in a longitudinal birth cohort study is associated with study participants’ health behaviour and well-being.MethodsThe subjects of this study were part of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The follow-up data were collected through clinical examinations and questionnaires when the cohort members were 1, 14, 31 and 46 years old. In this study, cohort participation activity was divided into three categories: active, semiactive and least active.ResultsThe total number of study participants who participated in the 46-year follow-up on both the survey and clinical trials was 6392, of which 66.5% (n=4268) participated actively in the cohort study. A total of 67.6% were female (p<0.001). Of the participants, 23.7% (n=1519) were semiactive and 9.5% (n=605) were the least active. Women who participated least actively experienced statistically significantly more depressive symptoms and poorer health, were more dissatisfied with their lives and had more addiction problems. In men, there was not a statistically significant association between participation activity and these well-being variables other than addiction problems and mental health.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that participation activity is associated with better self-reported health and well-being, especially among women. With this knowledge, people can be encouraged to participate in longitudinal health research and, at the same time, may improve their own health and quality of life.
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Do B, Zink J, Mason TB, Belcher BR, Dunton GF. Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Among Mothers of School-Aged Children: Differences in Accelerometer-Derived Pattern Metrics by Demographic, Employment, and Household Factors. Womens Health Issues 2022; 32:490-498. [PMID: 35491346 PMCID: PMC9532341 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dynamic patterns of how physical activity and sedentary time are accumulated across the day are associated with health outcomes, independent of total activity levels. Individual factors may influence activity patterns in mothers, but these associations are unknown. This study examined multivariable associations between demographic, employment, and household factors and day-level pattern metrics. METHODS Mothers (N = 200) of school-aged children (ages 8-12 years) participated in 6 semi-annual 7-day assessments. Waist-worn Actigraph GT3X accelerometers assessed daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; minutes, number of short bouts [<10 minutes], proportion of long bouts [≥20 minutes]) and sedentary time (minutes, number of breaks, proportion of long bouts [≥60 minutes], temporal dispersion). Multilevel models examined associations between individual characteristics and activity metrics. RESULTS There were 4,930 day-level observations. Having a college degree was associated with fewer short MVPA bouts (B = -2.67), more sedentary minutes (B = 21.66), greater long sedentary bouts (odds ratio = 1.50), and having sedentary time less evenly distributed across the day (B = 0.01). Working full-time was associated with more short MVPA bouts (B = 1.39) and breaks in sedentary time (B = 2.08). Having at least 1 infant (<6 months old) in the same household was associated with fewer MVPA minutes (B = -0.11) and short MVPA bouts (B = -4.46), whereas having at least 1 young child (6 months-5 years old) in the same household was associated with fewer sedentary minutes (B = -11.85) and fewer long sedentary bouts (odds ratio = 0.70). CONCLUSIONS Day-level pattern metrics show differences not captured when examining total volume alone. Results provide more nuanced information as to how activity is accumulated in terms of bouts and breaks, which can inform programs to increase MVPA and reduce sedentary time by elucidating subpopulations that should be targeted by health behavior interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Do
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Jennifer Zink
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Ylitalo KR, Karvonen-Gutierrez CA, Oh M, Sternfeld B, Stamey J, Pettee Gabriel K. Quantifying physical activity across the midlife: Does consideration of perceived exertion matter? Prev Med Rep 2022; 28:101850. [PMID: 35757579 PMCID: PMC9213249 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Many questionnaires ascertain physical activity (PA) frequency, duration, and intensity to benchmark achievement of PA recommendations. However, most scoring algorithms utilize absolute intensity estimates when exertion may be influenced by age or health characteristics. This study quantified PA estimates with and without adjustments for perceived exertion and evaluated if differences were associated with individual-level characteristics. Women (n = 2,711) in the United States from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation who completed ≥ 3 Kaiser Physical Activity Surveys (KPAS) across 8 biennial visits were included (baseline age: 46.4 ± 2.7 years). KPAS responses about activity mode and exertion were converted to metabolic equivalent of a task (METs) using the 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities to estimate absolute and perceived intensity-adjusted METs. Repeated measures (linear mixed effects) regression models were used to examine associations of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics with change in the difference between absolute MET estimates and perceived intensity-adjusted MET estimates. Older age (p < 0.001), Chinese (p < 0.001) and Japanese (p = 0.01) ethnicity, and current smoking (p = 0.001) were associated with positive differences between absolute and perceived intensity-adjusted MET estimates, which is suggestive of lower perceived-intensity physical activity. However, for most participants, absolute intensity-based estimates closely approximated perceived intensity-adjusted estimates over time. Traditional PA scoring techniques using absolute intensity estimates only may provide sufficient estimates of PA in longitudinal cohort studies of mid-life and older adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R. Ylitalo
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Minsuk Oh
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Barbara Sternfeld
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - James Stamey
- Department of Statistical Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Wafi A, Aqeel A, Zogel B, Shami A, Alharthi A, Alameer A, Kulaybi A, Sumayli A, Abutalib Y, Alessa A, Alhazmi AH. Adherence to Physical Activity Recommendations in the Adult Population of Jazan Region. Cureus 2022; 14:e23481. [PMID: 35494978 PMCID: PMC9038591 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) is an important determinant of health because of its role in preventing multiple chronic diseases. A better understanding of the relationship between PA and factors that promote or hinder PA is necessary for adherence to PA recommendations. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of adults of the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia adhering to PA recommendations and to examine the effects of socio-economic factors on meeting these recommendations. Method The official short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess PA. Participants aged 17-74 years (n = 709) were categorized into active or inactive categories. Independent associations between PA categories and socio-economic factors were explored using binary logistic regression. Results The proportion of the adults of the Jazan region who were inactive, i.e., not adhering to the PA recommendations, was 58.3%. Those with body mass index >30 kg /m2 (OR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.32-0.84) were less likely to be more active than those with normal weight. Participants who rated their health as very good (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49-0.96) and good (OR = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.22-0.70) were less likely to be more active than those who rated their health as excellent. Conclusions More than half of the adult population of the Jazan region did not adhere to the PA levels necessary to promote health and prevent chronic diseases. Such a high prevalence of low PA is a major health problem. Thus, efforts are warranted to promote PA in the Jazan region, particularly among obese female adults. High self-perceived health was an important correlate of PA among the adult population of Jazan. Because of the wide range of physical activity levels among population subgroups, a social-ecological approach for physical activity promotion may be warranted.
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Sports Bra Preferences by Age and Impact of Breast Size on Physical Activity among American Females. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312732. [PMID: 34886465 PMCID: PMC8657319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
For many females, sports bras are an essential piece of equipment for participation in sports and physical activity. Breast pain or discomfort from lack of support may be a contributing factor to the noted gender disparity in physical activity of females compared to males. Our objective was to evaluate sports bra usage and characterize sports bra preferences of an active female cohort. This multicenter cross-sectional survey study was conducted at five geographically distinct academic centers. Our measure was administered during outpatient sports medicine clinic visits to females aged 11–64 years old. Chi-square tests were used to compare characteristics across subgroups. Our analysis consisted of 438 respondents, with a mean age of 22 ± 12.2 years. More than a quarter (27.4%) reported lack of breast support prevented them from being active or exercising. Age (p = 0.03), breast size (p < 0.0001), and household income (p = 0.01) were significantly associated with greater frequency of physical activity being limited by lack of breast support. Lack of breast support may be an important barrier for young females of specific populations to meeting physical activity recommendations. Further research is needed to improve the understanding of this important piece of sporting equipment for women.
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Wolpern AE, de Gennaro JD, Brusseau TA, Byun W, Egger MJ, Hitchcock RW, Nygaard IE, Sheng X, Shaw JM. Relationship of heart rate, perceived exertion, and intra-abdominal pressure in women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 9:97-103. [PMID: 34532155 DOI: 10.31189/2165-6193-9.3.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Exercise increases intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) acutely, which may impact the pelvic floor of women. IAP during exercise demonstrates high variability among women but is not routinely assessed. Assessing less invasive measures related to IAP during exercise may facilitate study of how IAP impacts the pelvic floor. Methods The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) with IAP during a standard treadmill test. We describe the trend of IAP by predicted aerobic fitness during incremental exercise. IAP was measured using a validated transducer placed in the upper vagina. Heart rate and RPE were collected during the first 3 stages of the standard Bruce treadmill protocol. Relationships of heart rate and RPE with IAP were determined by Pearson correlation coefficients. Predicted aerobic fitness values for each participant were ranked in tertiles with IAP by treadmill stage. Results Twenty-four women participated in this study (mean age: 24.7 (5.4) years; body mass index: 22.5 (2.2) kg/m2). There were significant relationships between heart rate and IAP (r= 0.67, p < 0.001) and RPE and IAP (r= 0.60, p < 0.001) across treadmill stages. Tertiles of predicted aerobic fitness and IAP displayed similar trends as other exercise measures during incremental exercise, such as, heart rate and ventilation. Conclusion Heart rate and RPE could be used as proxy measures of IAP during incremental exercise. Aerobic fitness may help explain IAP variability in women and provide context for future research on IAP and pelvic floor health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali E Wolpern
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Johanna D de Gennaro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah College of Engineering, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Timothy A Brusseau
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Wonwoo Byun
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Marlene J Egger
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Robert W Hitchcock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah College of Engineering, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Ingrid E Nygaard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Xiaoming Sheng
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Janet M Shaw
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, United States
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13
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Massie AS, Johnston H, Sibley D, Meisner BA. Factors Associated With the Intention to Begin Physical Activity Among Inactive Middle-Aged and Older Adults. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2021; 49:97-106. [PMID: 34416826 PMCID: PMC8892067 DOI: 10.1177/10901981211030867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Factors that affect physical activity (PA) behavior change are well established. Behavioral intention is a strong psychological predictor of behavior; however, there is less research on the factors that affect the intention to increase PA participation specifically, especially among adults in mid and later life who are inactive. Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, which was informed by the transtheoretical model (TTM), this study investigated the relationships between a range of demographic and biopsychosocial factors with the intention to become physically active among 1,159 inactive adults aged 40 years and older. Comparisons were made between participants reporting the intention to begin PA in the next 30 days (TTM Preparation; n = 610), 6 months (TTM Contemplation; n = 216), or not at all (TTM Precontemplation; n = 333). First, multinomial logistic regression identified age, sex, ethnicity, education, restriction of activities, self-perceived health, and community belonging as factors significantly associated with 30-day PA intention, while age and ethnicity were significantly associated with 6-month PA intention, compared with those reporting no intention. Second, binary logistic regression revealed that education was the only factor that differentially associated with intention timeframe as participants with lower levels of education were less likely to report PA intention in 30 days compared with 6 months. Findings demonstrate key demographic, biopsychosocial, and temporal factors that warrant consideration for tailored PA promotion programs that aim to effectively address the constraints and barriers that negatively influence PA intention among middle-aged and older adults.
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14
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BA D, BA S, MD M. What the World Needs Now: Lifestyle Medicine for All Women. Am J Lifestyle Med 2021; 17:97-107. [PMID: 36636386 PMCID: PMC9830235 DOI: 10.1177/15598276211028101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several centuries, economic progress has allowed millions of women to move from rural subsistence agriculture to urban, more economically prosperous lifestyles. This trend is set to continue, even accelerate in the next century. Due to changes in diet, activity, and lifestyle, non-communicable diseases, such as cancer and heart disease, will continue to rise for women globally. At this time, we are uniquely positioned to anticipate this impact and empower women in both the developed and the developing world to learn from what has worked. Choosing the best approaches to nutrition, exercise, sleep, connectedness, substances, and stress can optimize women's health span across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - McHugh MD
- John McHugh, The Keck School of Medicine,
University of Southern California, 3334 E. Coast Highway #708 Corona del Mar, CA
92625, USA; e-mail:
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15
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Dunsiger S, Emerson JA, Ussher M, Marcus BH, Miranda R, Monti PM, Williams DM. Exercise as a smoking cessation treatment for women: a randomized controlled trial. J Behav Med 2021; 44:794-802. [PMID: 34232456 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking remains the leading behavioral risk factor for chronic disease and premature mortality. This RCT tested the efficacy of moderate intensity aerobic exercise as an adjunctive smoking cessation treatment among women. Participants (N = 105; age = 42.5, SD = 11.2) received brief smoking cessation counseling and 10 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy and were randomized to 12 weeks of moderate intensity exercise (Exercise; n = 53) or 12 weeks of health education (Control; n = 52). Longitudinal models, with Generalized Estimating Equations, showed no differences between Exercise and Control in cotinine-verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence (Wald = 1.96, p = 0.10) or continuous abstinence (Wald = 1.45, p = 0.23) at 12-weeks (post-treatment) or 6-, 9-, or 12-month follow-up, controlling for differences in baseline nicotine dependence. There was no effect of exercise on smoking cessation. The present study adds to the literature suggesting null effects of exercise as a smoking cessation adjunctive treatment despite promising findings in short-term laboratory based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shira Dunsiger
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jessica A Emerson
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Michael Ussher
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.,Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Bess H Marcus
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Robert Miranda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Peter M Monti
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - David M Williams
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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16
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Holmes HH, Monaghan PG, Strunk KK, Paquette MR, Roper JA. Changes in Training, Lifestyle, Psychological and Demographic Factors, and Associations With Running-Related Injuries During COVID-19. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:637516. [PMID: 34164619 PMCID: PMC8215167 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.637516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to examine how the type and magnitude of changes in running behavior, as a consequence of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, influence running-related injuries. Secondarily, we aimed to examine how lifestyle and psychosocial well-being measures may influence running behavior change. An online survey was advertised to individuals over the age of 18 that currently run or have previously participated in running for exercise. The survey questions examined injury history and new injuries sustained during COVID-19 restrictions, as well as changes related to training behavior changes, training environment changes, social behaviors, and psychosocial well-being. Changes reflected differences in running behaviors prior to COVID-19 restrictions (1 month prior to COVID-19 restrictions being imposed) and during COVID-19 restrictions (May 5 to June 10, 2020). A total of 1,035 runners were included in the analysis. Current injuries sustained during COVID-19 occurred in 9.5% of the runners. Injured runners made a greater number of total changes (p = 0.031) as well as training-related (p = 0.042) and environment-related (p = 0.017) changes compared with uninjured runners. A significant relationship was found between injury and those that reported less time to exercise to changes in work environment (p = 0017). This study highlights the multi-dimensional nature of running-related injuries and the need to consider the interaction of multiple changes in running behavior, rather than isolating single factors. Greater understanding of the underlying causes of running-related injuries can help reduce the risk of future injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary H Holmes
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | | | - Kamden K Strunk
- Department of Educational Foundations, Leadership and Technology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Max R Paquette
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jaimie A Roper
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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17
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Tighe SA, Ball K, Kensing F, Kayser L, Rawstorn JC, Maddison R. Toward a Digital Platform for the Self-Management of Noncommunicable Disease: Systematic Review of Platform-Like Interventions. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e16774. [PMID: 33112239 PMCID: PMC7657720 DOI: 10.2196/16774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital interventions are effective for health behavior change, as they enable the self-management of chronic, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, they often fail to facilitate the specific or current needs and preferences of the individual. A proposed alternative is a digital platform that hosts a suite of discrete, already existing digital health interventions. A platform architecture would allow users to explore a range of evidence-based solutions over time to optimize their self-management and health behavior change. OBJECTIVE This review aims to identify digital platform-like interventions and examine their potential for supporting self-management of NCDs and health behavior change. METHODS A literature search was conducted in January 2020 using EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE. No digital platforms were identified, so criteria were broadened to include digital platform-like interventions. Eligible platform-like interventions offered a suite of discrete, evidence-based health behavior change features to optimize self-management of NCDs in an adult population and provided digitally supported guidance for the user toward the features best suited to their needs and preferences. Data collected on interventions were guided by the CONSORT-EHEALTH (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials of Electronic and Mobile Health Applications and Online Telehealth) checklist, including evaluation data on effectiveness and process outcomes. The quality of the included literature was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. RESULTS A total of 7 studies were included for review. Targeted NCDs included cardiovascular diseases (CVD; n=3), diabetes (n=3), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=1). The mean adherence (based on the number of follow-up responders) was 69% (SD 20%). Of the 7 studies, 4 with the highest adherence rates (80%) were also guided by behavior change theories and took an iterative, user-centered approach to development, optimizing intervention relevance. All 7 interventions presented algorithm-supported user guidance tools, including electronic decision support, smart features that interact with patterns of use, and behavior change stage-matching tools. Of the 7 studies, 6 assessed changes in behavior. Significant effects in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were reported, but for no other specific health behaviors. However, positive behavior change was observed in studies that focused on comprehensive behavior change measures, such as self-care and self-management, each of which addresses several key lifestyle risk factors (eg, medication adherence). No significant difference was found for psychosocial outcomes (eg, quality of life). Significant changes in clinical outcomes were predominately related to disease-specific, multifaceted measures such as clinical disease control and cardiovascular risk score. CONCLUSIONS Iterative, user-centered development of digital platform structures could optimize user engagement with self-management support through existing, evidence-based digital interventions. Offering a palette of interventions with an appropriate degree of guidance has the potential to facilitate disease-specific health behavior change and effective self-management among a myriad of users, conditions, or stages of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Tighe
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kylie Ball
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Finn Kensing
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Kayser
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan C Rawstorn
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Ralph Maddison
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
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18
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Watanabe Y, Qian TY, Wang JJ, Pifer ND, Zhang JJ. Sport Spectatorship and Health Benefits: A Case of a Japanese Professional Golf Tournament. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1494. [PMID: 32848977 PMCID: PMC7396585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well-argued that professional sport or mega sport events could serve as a catalyst for sport participation behaviors through direct and indirect trickle-down effects. However, there is limited research exploring the impact of spectator services during sport events on personal and collective well-being. Elaborating on the social-ecological model and the concept of market demand, this study attempted to fill the gap in the literature by measuring core product (player attraction, event attractiveness, and course characteristics) and peripheral spectator services (event services, event information, event amenity, and parking and transportation) of a professional golf tournament hosted in Japan and examining how these services factors would influence spectators’ length of stay at a golf event, physical activity as measured by step counts, self-rated health, and life satisfaction. Following the administration of a questionnaire to spectators at a Japanese professional golf tournament (n = 306) and conducting confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses, research findings revealed that the tournament-related spectator services would have an influence on physical activity, which could in turn influence self-rated health and subsequently impact life satisfaction. That is, emphasizing the sense of accomplishment fulfilled in sport spectatorship is recommended for the well-being of the spectators. The findings of this study shed light on the significance of promoting golf spectatorship as an effective means to facilitate a healthy lifestyle and in the meantime provide golf event marketers with a unique, positive benefit through which their events can be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Sport Business Administration, Hiroshima University of Economics, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tyreal Y Qian
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Jerred J Wang
- Department of Sport Leadership and Management, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - N David Pifer
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - James J Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology, International Center for Sport Management, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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19
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Fitton LS, Astroth KS, Mallory C, Jenkins S, Wilson D, Cox AE. Motivation and exercise in rural postmenopausal women: A literature review. Nurs Forum 2020; 55:744-753. [PMID: 32770548 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most rural Americans are not meeting recommended guidelines for physical activity (PA); rural postmenopausal women (RPMW) have the highest inactivity rates. Self-Determination Theory, a motivational theory which examines the effects of qualitatively different types of motivation is used to conceptualize how RPMW make decisions regarding PA. The purpose of this review is to examine published literature related to motivation and exercise or PA in RPMW. The research questions include (a) what is known about the relationship of motivation to exercise in RPMW; and (b) how have motivation and exercise been measured in RPMW? METHODS An electronic database search resulted in a sample of 251 articles, with an additional 9 articles acquired by scanning reference lists. Search terms included motivation, exercise, rural women, urban women, and PA. Criteria for inclusion were postmenopausal women, primary research published before 2019, reported in English, and taking place in the United States. FINDINGS Thirteen articles involving RPMW were included. The sample contained four qualitative, eight quantitative, and one mixed-method studies. There is little research regarding motivation and PA in RPMW. Barriers and facilitators to PA have been measured. Motivation was mentioned in two studies but not measured. PA is most often measured with self-report questionnaires. CONCLUSION The decision to be active or sedentary is embedded in motivation. Additional research that objectively measures both motivation and PA in a consistent manner is required to provide a knowledge base regarding motivation and PA behavior in RPMW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim S Astroth
- Mennonite College of Nursing, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois
| | - Caroline Mallory
- College of Health and Human Services, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana
| | - Sheryl Jenkins
- Mennonite College of Nursing, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois
| | - Denise Wilson
- Mennonite College of Nursing, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois
| | - Anne E Cox
- Department of Kinesiology, Educational Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
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20
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Zhao J, Miller KD, Islami F, Zheng Z, Han X, Ma J, Jemal A, Yabroff KR. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Lost Earnings From Cancer Deaths in the United States. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2020; 4:pkaa038. [PMID: 33134823 PMCID: PMC7583153 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkaa038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about disparities in economic burden due to premature cancer deaths by race or ethnicity in the United States. This study aimed to compare person-years of life lost (PYLLs) and lost earnings due to premature cancer deaths by race/ethnicity. Methods PYLLs were calculated using recent national cancer death and life expectancy data. PYLLs were combined with annual median earnings to generate lost earnings. We compared PYLLs and lost earnings among individuals who died at age 16-84 years due to cancer by racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, NH Asian or Pacific Islander, and Hispanic). Results In 2015, PYLLs due to all premature cancer deaths were 6 512 810 for NH Whites, 1 196 709 for NH Blacks, 279 721 for NH Asian or Pacific Islanders, and 665 968 for Hispanics, translating to age-standardized lost earning rates (per 100 000 person-years) of $34.9 million, $43.5 million, $22.2 million, and $24.5 million, respectively. NH Blacks had higher age-standardized PYLL and lost earning rates than NH Whites for 13 of 19 selected cancer sites. If age-specific PYLL and lost earning rates for NH Blacks were the same as those of NH Whites, 241 334 PYLLs and $3.2 billion lost earnings (22.6% of the total lost earnings among NH Blacks) would have been avoided. Disparities were also observed for average PYLLs and lost earnings per cancer death for all cancers combined and 18 of 19 cancer sites. Conclusions Improving equal access to effective cancer prevention, screening, and treatment will be important in reducing the disproportional economic burden associated with racial/ethnic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Zhao
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Farhad Islami
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xuesong Han
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jiemin Ma
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K Robin Yabroff
- Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide an overview of the available data on the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in various groups and segments of the Hispanic population; prevalence of awareness, treatment and control of HTN among Hispanics; and HTN-related disparities, through disproportionate effects on the Hispanic elderly, women, and young adults. RECENT FINDINGS Data on HTN in Hispanics has been lacking or aggregated and frequently not inclusive of certain groups of Hispanics but the available data do show a pattern of more prevalent HTN and HTN disparities among Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites. Hispanic adults have some of the highest prevalence of poorly controlled blood pressure compared with any other race-ethnic group in the United States. Further, the impact of the most recent iteration of the HTN guidelines among all segments of the Hispanic population has not been well studied. SUMMARY The most recent HTN guidelines will likely only further illuminate worsening HTN-related disparities among Hispanics. These findings suggest significant screening and treatment disparities must be addressed to reduce HTN risk among the Hispanic population.
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22
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Park S, Kwon J, Noh K, Lee CG, Song W, Park JJ, Lee HJ, Seo DI, Kang HJ, Ahn YS. Relationship between Shift Type and Voluntary Exercise Training in South Korean Firefighters. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030728. [PMID: 31979157 PMCID: PMC7037628 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the National Fire Agency, 69% of South Korean firefighters prefer the three circuit system. Since the three circuit system involves working for 24 h consecutively, it could reduce work performance of firefighters and their participation in exercise training (ET) and fitness levels could be affected by shift type. The present study examined the impact of shift type on ET and identified the interaction effect between shift type and city size on ET among South Korean firefighters. METHODS A series of logistic regression models were used to analyze the data collected from incumbent outside workers among Korean firefighters (N = 5196) in 2017. RESULTS Firefighters under the 3 circuit system participated in ET less frequently than did those under the 21 circuit system, and the difference was greater in large cities than in small towns. This could be because of the greater opportunity to participate in leisure activities in large cities, or because participating in ET is easier for firefighters in small towns, who tend to be less busy than those in large cities. CONCLUSIONS The three circuit system is not feasible in the present situation in South Korea. Therefore, an environment suitable for the three circuit system should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiyeong Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.K.); (K.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Junhye Kwon
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.K.); (K.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Kyoungmin Noh
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.K.); (K.N.); (W.S.)
| | - Chung Gun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.K.); (K.N.); (W.S.)
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-7647
| | - Wook Song
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.P.); (J.K.); (K.N.); (W.S.)
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung-jun Park
- School of Sport Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
| | - Han-joon Lee
- School of Sport Science, Ulsan University, Ulsan 44610, Korea;
| | - Dong-il Seo
- Department of Sport Science, College of Liberal Arts, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea;
| | - Hyun Joo Kang
- Department of Sport Medicine, College of Natural Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea;
| | - Yeon Soon Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Genomic Cohort Institute, Yonsei Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea;
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23
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Latomme J, Huys N, Cardon G, Morgan PJ, Lateva M, Chakarova N, Kivelä J, Lindström J, Androutsos O, González-Gil EM, De Miguel-Etayo P, Nánási A, Kolozsvári LR, Manios Y, De Craemer M. Do physical activity and screen time mediate the association between European fathers' and their children's weight status? Cross-sectional data from the Feel4Diabetes-study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:100. [PMID: 31685028 PMCID: PMC6829912 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0864-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most research on parenting and childhood obesity and obesity-related behaviours has focused on mothers while fathers have been underrepresented. Yet, recent literature has suggested that fathers uniquely influence their children's lifestyle behaviours, and hence could also affect their weight status, but this has not yet been scientifically proven. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine whether the association between fathers' weight status and their children's weight status is mediated by fathers' and children's movement behaviours (i.e. physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)). METHODS Cross-sectional data of 899 European fathers and their children were analyzed. Fathers/male caregivers (mean age = 43.79 ± 5.92 years, mean BMI = 27.08 ± 3.95) completed a questionnaire assessing their own and their children's (mean age = 8.19 ± 0.99 years, 50.90% boys, mean BMIzscore = 0.44 ± 1.07) movement behaviours. Body Mass Index (BMI, in kg/m2) was calculated based on self-reported (fathers) and objectively measured (children) height and weight. For children, BMI z-scores (SD scores) were calculated to obtain an optimal measure for their weight status. Serial mediation analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 25.0 Statistics for Windows to test whether the association between fathers' BMI and children's BMI is mediated by fathers' PA and children's PA (model 1) and fathers' ST and children's ST (model 2), respectively. RESULTS The present study showed a (partial) mediation effect of fathers' PA and children's PA (but not father's ST and children's ST) on the association between fathers' BMI and children's BMI (model for PA; coefficient: 0.001, 95% CI: [0.0001, 0.002]; model for ST; coefficient: 0.001, 95% CI: [0.000, 0.002]). Furthermore, fathers' movement behaviours (PA and ST) were positively associated with their children's movement behaviours (PA and ST) (model for PA, coefficient: 0.281, SE: 0.023, p < 0.001; model for ST, coefficient: 0.345, SE: 0.025, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the influence of fathers on their children's weight status partially occurs through the association between fathers' PA and children's PA (but not their ST). As such, intervening by focusing on PA of fathers but preferably of both members of the father-child dyad (e.g. engaging fathers and their children in co-PA) might be a novel and potentially effective strategy for interventions aiming to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Longitudinal studies or intervention studies confirming these findings are however warranted to make meaningful recommendations for health intervention and policy. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Feel4Diabetes-study is registered with the clinical trials registry http://clinicaltrials.gov , ID: 643708 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Latomme
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Huys
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philip J. Morgan
- School of Education, PRCPAN (Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition), University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Mina Lateva
- Clinic of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Nevena Chakarova
- Clinical Center of Endocrinology, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jemina Kivelä
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- School of Health Science & Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Esther M. González-Gil
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar De Miguel-Etayo
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Anna Nánási
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László R. Kolozsvári
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Yannis Manios
- School of Health Science & Education, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Marieke De Craemer
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Janeczko E, Wójcik R, Kędziora W, Janeczko K, Woźnicka M. Organised Physical Activity in the Forests of the Warsaw and Tricity Agglomerations, Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16203961. [PMID: 31627422 PMCID: PMC6843231 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Research Highlights: The achieved results indicate that in the period of 2010–2016, the number of sporting events (running, cycling and walking) as well as the number of participants has increased many times. Methods: A geostatistical method, i.e., kriging, was used to check the distance-based relationship between agglomerations proximity and sporting events. The questionnaire surveys were used to determine the reasons for physical activity in the forest. Results: The analysis of the impact of the scope of the urban agglomerations on the number of organised physical activities proved that, in both cases (Warsaw and Tricity), most events take place in forests located close to these cities. The larger the distance to Warsaw or Tricity, the lower the number of sporting events and the lower the number of participants. The reasons why people take up physical activity are mainly to improve their health and physical condition, reduce stress and improve wellbeing. Conclusions: The conducted research indicates a significant increase in the importance of non-productive functions of forests located in the vicinity of urban agglomerations, as well as the need for continuous monitoring of actions taken by foresters to promote active lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Janeczko
- Department of Forest Utilization, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Life Sciences in Warsaw, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Roman Wójcik
- Department of Forest Management Planning and Forest Economics, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Life Sciences in Warsaw, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Kędziora
- Department of Forest Management Planning and Forest Economics, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Life Sciences in Warsaw, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Janeczko
- Department of Forest Management Planning and Forest Economics, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Life Sciences in Warsaw, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Woźnicka
- Department of Forest Utilization, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Life Sciences in Warsaw, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Tran P, Tran L, Tran L. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Differences in Physical Activity Levels between Stroke Belt and Non-Stroke Belt US Adults. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:104432. [PMID: 31611170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Stroke Belt is a region of the United States with elevated stroke incidence and prevalence of stroke risk factors. Physical inactivity is an important stroke risk factor, but little is known about whether current physical activity levels differ between Stroke Belt and non-Stroke Belt states. In this nationally representative study, we determined whether unadjusted and adjusted physical activity levels differ between the Stroke Belt region and the rest of the United States. METHODS Using 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, we conducted bivariate analyses to obtain unadjusted physical activity levels in Stroke Belt and non-Stroke Belt states. Logistic regressions that controlled for sociodemographic and stroke risk factors were created to estimate adjusted associations between Stroke Belt residence and physical activity. RESULTS A higher percentage of Stroke Belt residents were inactive (Stroke Belt: 35.3%, non-Stroke Belt: 29.4%) and failed to meet physical activity guidelines (Stroke Belt: 53.7%, non-Stroke Belt: 47.8%) compared to non-Stroke Belt residents. Stroke Belt residence was significantly associated with lower odds of meeting physical activity guidelines in a model that adjusted for sociodemographic factors only (odds ratio [OR]: 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78-0.91) and one that adjusted for both sociodemographic and stroke risk factors (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81-0.93). CONCLUSIONS The considerably lower physical activity levels and likelihood of meeting physical activity guidelines in Stroke Belt residents compared to their non-Stroke Belt counterparts demonstrates a need for clinician attention and public health interventions to increase regular physical activity as part of a stroke reduction strategy in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Tran
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University, New Haven, Cape Town.
| | - Lam Tran
- Department of Biostatistics, Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Liem Tran
- Deparment of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
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Siahpush M, Robbins RE, Ramos AK, Michaud TL, Clarke MA, King KM. Does Difference in Physical Activity Between Blacks and Whites Vary by Sex, Income, Education, and Region of Residence? Results from 2008 to 2017 National Health Interview Surveys. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2019; 6:883-891. [PMID: 31004290 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-019-00586-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how the effect of race (Black versus White) on meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines varies by sex, income, education, and region of residence. METHODS We pooled data from 10 consecutive years (2008 to 2017) of the National Health Interview Survey. We used logistic regression to assess the extent to which the effect of race on meeting the U.S. federal guidelines for PA varies by sex, income, education, and region, after controlling for several health-related variables. The analysis sample size was 225,600 (102,348 men and 123,252 women). RESULTS Race and most of the other covariates interacted with sex in their effect on meeting PA guidelines; therefore, separate models for men and women were estimated. In each model, race interacted with income and region, but not with education. Among men, Blacks were more likely to meet PA guidelines than Whites in nearly all income categories and regions. The race effect was weakest among the poor and in the Northeast region. Among women, Blacks were generally less likely than Whites to meet the guidelines and the race effect was largest among the poor and in the Northeast region. CONCLUSION This study showed that the difference between Blacks and Whites in the extent to which they adhere to federal PA guidelines varies by sex, income, and region of residence. Black women whole live below the poverty threshold are less likely than other demographic groups to meet the PA guidelines. Targeted interventions to promote PA among this population group are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Siahpush
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center; 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4365, USA.
| | - Regina E Robbins
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center; 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4365, USA
| | - Athena K Ramos
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center; 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4365, USA
| | - Tzeyu L Michaud
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center; 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4365, USA
| | - Martina A Clarke
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center; 982265 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-2265, USA
| | - Keyonna M King
- Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center; 984365 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4365, USA
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Lier LM, Breuer C, Dallmeyer S. Organizational-level determinants of participation in workplace health promotion programs: a cross-company study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:268. [PMID: 30894160 PMCID: PMC6427860 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attracted by the expected benefits such as reduced absenteeism and increased productivity, more and more firms decide to implement workplace health promotion programs (WHPPs). However, those programs can only be effective if employees actually participate. This study aims to (1) gain insight into the degree of enrolment rates in such programs across companies and (2) identify organizational level factors that are associated with employee participation. Building on existing theory on organizational drivers of participation in corporate wellness programs, the study's main goal is to investigate which organizational factors determine whether employees enroll in a corporate fitness program or not. METHODS A business-to-business fitness platform company provided organizational level data on 61 client firms that have recently implemented a corporate wellness program. The data contained information on the enrolment rate per company and different organizational level variables. The following potential determinants of participation were analyzed: firm size, organizational program support and employee co-payment. A random effects model was used to examine associations between potential determinants and the program enrolment rate. RESULTS The average participation is limited (15.37%) but varies highly across companies (range 0.07-100.00%, monthly basis). Looking at the determinants of program enrolment, we find that organizational program support - the degree to which firm leadership encourages participation - positively influences the enrolment rate (β = 0.051 p < 0.001) while employee co-payment - the financial contribution employees have to make to participate - has a negative impact (β = - 0.002, p < 0.001). Furthermore, firm size has a negative relationship with firm enrolment. CONCLUSIONS Enrolment rates in WHPPs are limited, as many companies have difficulties to promote participation in WHPPs among employees. Strong organizational program support and low employee co-payment were identified as drivers of employee participation in corporate health programs. Hence, intensifying both social and financial support of employee participation may help to drive enrolment rates. Firm size was found to negatively affect the enrolment rate in WHPPs, implying that larger firms have to account for their size and corresponding complexity when implementing such a program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesa Marie Lier
- Institute of Sport Economics and Sport Management, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Breuer
- Institute of Sport Economics and Sport Management, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sören Dallmeyer
- Institute of Sport Economics and Sport Management, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Cardiovascular Health Disparities in Underserved Populations. PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT CLINICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpha.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li C, Auld G, D'Alonzo K, Palmer-Keenan D. Communicating and Assessing Physical Activity: Outcomes From Cognitive Interviews With Low-Income Adults. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:984-992. [PMID: 30414667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation sought to identify the physical activity (PA) terms and concepts that are best understood by low-income adults. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study using semistructured cognitive interviews that employed retrospective verbal probing techniques. SETTING Interviews were conducted in Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) sites in New Jersey, Tennessee, and Washington. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 57 adults participating in or eligible for participation in EFNEP. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Participants' interpretations and conceptualizations of PA concepts and terms. ANALYSIS Template and constant comparative analysis. RESULTS Participants interpreted many PA terms and concepts in unintended ways. Exercise was the term that came closest to conveying moderate to vigorous PA. Terms used to describe muscle-strengthening activities were mostly understood. Intentional engagement in extra activities was difficult for participants to conceptualize despite multiple tested wordings; making small changes to be active came closest to conveying this concept. Participants' comprehension of the PA terms differed by their PA and literacy levels. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Nutrition educators should be mindful of the terminologies they used in communicating messages and assessing PA behaviors to EFNEP participants or similar populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Garry Auld
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,CO
| | - Karen D'Alonzo
- School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Debra Palmer-Keenan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.
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Social Isolation, Physical Capacity, and Physical Activity in Older Community-Dwelling Adults Post-Hospitalization. J Aging Phys Act 2018; 26:204-213. [PMID: 28657813 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2016-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigated the potential relationships between physical capacity and physical activity (recreational and household) with social isolation amongst older adults. Data for hospitalized Victorians (n = 311) were analyzed in univariable, multivariable and latent growth curve analyses over six months. Measures included items from the Friendship Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6), Australian Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers Household (SDAC), and Phone-FITT. Over six months, improvements in physical capacity were related to reduced social isolation (-0.65, CI = -1.21, -0.09). Increased total (0.02, CI = 0.004, 0.04) and household-based physical activity (0.03, CI = 0.001, 0.06) were related to contact with more relatives. Higher baseline household-based physical activity was related to contact with fewer relatives (-0.01, CI = -0.02, -0.001). Along with physical capacity and activity, household-based physical activity appears to be strongly related to social isolation. Further research is required to determine the direction of relationships, to provide evidence for effective interventions.
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Schoeppe S, Vandelanotte C, Rebar AL, Hayman M, Duncan MJ, Alley SJ. Do singles or couples live healthier lifestyles? Trends in Queensland between 2005-2014. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192584. [PMID: 29489832 PMCID: PMC5830314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To compare the frequency of and trends in healthy lifestyle factors between singles and couples. Methods Cross-sectional data from annual surveys conducted from 2005–2014 were used. The pooled sample included 15,001 Australian adults (mean age: 52.9 years, 50% male, 74% couples) who participated in the annual Queensland Social Survey via computer-assisted telephone interviews. Relationship status was dichotomised into single and couple. Binary logistic regression was used to assess associations between relationship status, and the frequency of and trends in healthy lifestyle factors. Results Compared to singles, couples were significantly more likely to be a non-smoker (OR = 1.82), and meet recommendations for limited fast food (OR = 1.12), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.27) and fruit and vegetable intake (OR = 1.24). Fruit and vegetable intake was not significantly associated with relationship status after adjusting for the other healthy lifestyle factors. Conversely, couples were significantly less likely to be within a normal weight range (OR = 0.81). In both singles and couples, the trend data revealed significant declines in the rates of normal weight (singles: OR = 0.97, couples: OR = 0.97) and viewing TV for less than 14 hours per week (singles: OR = 0.85, couples: OR = 0.84), whilst non-smoking rates significantly increased (singles: OR = 1.12, couples: OR = 1.03). The BMI trend was no longer significant when adjusting for health behaviours. Further, in couples, rates of meeting recommendations for physical activity and fruit/vegetable consumption significantly decreased (OR = 0.97 and OR = 0.95, respectively), as did rates of eating no fast food (OR = 0.96). These trends were not significant when adjusting for the other healthy lifestyle factors. In singles, rates of meeting alcohol recommendations significantly increased (OR = 1.08). Conclusions Health behaviour interventions are needed in both singles and couples, but relationship status needs to be considered in interventions targeting alcohol, fast food, smoking and BMI. Further research is needed to understand why health behaviours differ by relationship status in order to further improve interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Schoeppe
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda L. Rebar
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melanie Hayman
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mitch J. Duncan
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie J. Alley
- Physical Activity Research Group, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
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Robins LM, Hill KD, Finch CF, Clemson L, Haines T. The association between physical activity and social isolation in community-dwelling older adults. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:175-182. [PMID: 27736192 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2016.1242116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social isolation is an increasing concern in older community-dwelling adults. There is growing need to determine effective interventions addressing social isolation. This study aimed to determine whether a relationship exists between physical activity (recreational and/or household-based) and social isolation. An examination was conducted for whether group- or home-based falls prevention exercise was associated with social isolation. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of telephone survey data was used to investigate relationships between physical activity, health, age, gender, living arrangements, ethnicity and participation in group- or home-based falls prevention exercise on social isolation. Univariable and multivariable ordered logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS Factors found to be significantly associated with reduced social isolation in multivariable analysis included living with a partner/spouse, reporting better general health, higher levels of household-based physical activity (OR = 1.03, CI = 1.01-1.05) and feeling less downhearted/depressed. Being more socially isolated was associated with symptoms of depression and a diagnosis of congestive heart failure (pseudo R2 = 0.104). DISCUSSION Findings suggest that household-based physical activity is related to social isolation in community-dwelling older adults. Further research is required to determine the nature of this relationship and to investigate the impact of group physical activity interventions on social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Robins
- a Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,b Allied Health Research Unit (AHRU), Kingston Centre , Monash Health , Melbourne Australia
| | - Keith D Hill
- c School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences , Curtin University , Perth , Australia
| | - Caroline F Finch
- d Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP) , Federation University , Ballarat , Australia
| | - Lindy Clemson
- e Ageing, Work & Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences , The University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
| | - Terry Haines
- b Allied Health Research Unit (AHRU), Kingston Centre , Monash Health , Melbourne Australia.,f Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Southern Physiotherapy Clinical School , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia
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Abraído-Lanza AF, Shelton RC, Martins MC, Crookes DM. Social Norms, Acculturation, and Physical Activity Among Latina Women. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 19:285-293. [PMID: 27837288 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity promotes health and is important for preventing chronic conditions, such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. Little is known about factors associated with different types of PA among Latina women, particularly Dominicans, who now constitute the fifth largest group of Latinos in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine whether occupational physical activity, acculturation, familism, and norms held by family and friends are associated with three types of PA: vigorous and moderate leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and resistance training. Interviews were conducted with 418 Dominican women. We assessed self-reported PA using standardized measures. Data were collected between July 2010 and July 2012 in New York City. Most women reported no vigorous LTPA or resistance training (74.5 and 73.1 %, respectively); about half (52.1 %) reported no moderate LTPA. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, occupational physical activities were associated with greater LTPA. Acculturation was not associated with any outcome. Positive family norms about exercise were associated with increased LTPA and resistance training. Family norms may play a critical role in PA and should be included in programs to increase PA among Latina women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Abraído-Lanza
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Rachel C Shelton
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mariana Cunha Martins
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Danielle M Crookes
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Al-Hazzaa HM. Physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia revisited: A systematic review of inactivity prevalence and perceived barriers to active living. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2018; 12:50-64. [PMID: 30534044 PMCID: PMC6257875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Saudi Arabia has recently witnessed enormous economic growth accompanied by undesirable lifestyle behaviors, along with an associated increase in non-communicable diseases (NCD's). This systematic review presents a comprehensive and an updated overview of the status of physical activity (PA) or inactivity among the Saudi population and examines the major barriers and correlates of PA. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases. The electronic search yielded an initial 434 articles. However, the majority of these articles were eliminated because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The remaining relevant papers were 65 articles that became the bases for this review. RESULTS The majority of Saudi children, youth and adults were not active enough to meet the recommended guidelines for moderate to vigorous PA. Saudi females were disproportionately less active than males, beginning from early school years. The proportions of Saudis who are at risk of inactivity are exceedingly higher than those at risk for other coronary heart diseases. Active Saudi boys tend to have favorable levels of blood lipids and body composition profile compared to inactive boys. Increased urbanization, crowded traffic, extreme weather, cultural barriers, lack of social support, the absence of female school PA program and lack of time and resources, all make PA a difficult choice for the Saudis. CONCLUSION More intensified efforts toward promoting PA and reducing sedentary behaviors among the Saudi population are needed to curtail the risks of NCD's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research, Health Science Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Lifestyle and Health Research, Health Science Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
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Swan JH, Brooks JM, Amini R, Moore AR, Turner KW. Smoking Predicting Physical Activity in an Aging America. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:476-482. [PMID: 29582886 PMCID: PMC6369697 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tobacco smoking and physical inactivity are among leading behavioral risk factors for ill health in older adults. This study considers how smoking is associated with physical activity. DESIGN Using a Life-Course model, data are analyzed regarding this relationship, controlling for, and interacted with, life-course and other factors. Daily smokers and sometimes smokers were hypothesized to engage in less leisure-time physical activity than those who never smoked, while those who stopped smoking were expected to do more than never smokers. Analyses were performed using SAS-Callable SUDAAN. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Secondary data from ten years of a national sample of adults aged 18 and over of the National Health Interview Survey, 2001-2010, are used (N = 264,945, missing data excluded, of 282,313 total cases). MEASUREMENTS Daily smokers, occasional smokers, and smoking quitters are compared to never smokers with regard to requisite physical activity (150 minutes per week of moderate, 100 of vigorous, and/or 50 of strengthening activity). Life-course measures include birth cohorts, age, and year of survey, as well as gender, race/ethnicity, and education. RESULTS Overall, hypotheses are supported regarding daily smokers and quitters; but the hypothesis is strongly rejected among sometimes smokers, who are much more likely to do requisite physical activity. Findings differ by age, sometimes smokers age 65 and over being less likely to do physical activity. Findings among all men are similar to the overall findings, while those among all women are similar to those for older respondents. Associations of smoking status with physical activity vary greatly by race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Daily smokers may be most in need of both smoking cessation and leisure-time physical activity interventions. Smoking-cessation efforts may pay greater physical activity benefits among women and the aged, while smoking-reduction efforts may provide better outcomes among men. Smoking reduction efforts may pay more exercise benefits among African-Americans and Hispanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Swan
- James H. Swan, Ph.D. Professor of Applied Gerontology, Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas,, Denton, TX, USA,
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Correlates and pattern of physical activity among urban and suburban Iranian adults: a population-based study. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-017-0390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Moran MR, Werner P, Doron I, HaGani N, Benvenisti Y, King AC, Winter SJ, Sheats JL, Garber R, Motro H, Ergon S. Exploring the Objective and Perceived Environmental Attributes of Older Adults' Neighborhood Walking Routes: A Mixed Methods Analysis. J Aging Phys Act 2017; 25:420-431. [PMID: 27992252 PMCID: PMC5994340 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2016-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Walking is a central form of physical activity among older adults that is associated with the physical environment at various scales. This mixed-methods study employs a concurrent nested design to explore objective and perceived environmental characteristics of older adults' local walking routes. This was achieved by integrating quantitative Geographic Information System (GIS) data with qualitative data obtained using the Stanford Discovery Tool (DT). Fifty-nine community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults (14 men and 45 women aged 50+) were recruited in a snowball approach through community centers in the city of Haifa (Israel). Four neighborhood environment themes were identified: pedestrian infrastructure, access to destinations, aesthetics, and environmental quality. Both geometrical traits (i.e., distance, slope) and urban features (i.e., land-uses, greenery) of the route may impact the experience of walking. The findings thus highlight the importance of micro-scale environmental elements in shaping environmental perceptions, which may consequently influence the choice of being active.
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Gough M. A couple-level analysis of participation in physical activity during unemployment. SSM Popul Health 2017; 3:294-304. [PMID: 29349224 PMCID: PMC5769039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a well-documented negative correlation between unemployment and health. Yet, little research has examined how unemployment relates to participation in physical activity, and few researchers have considered how an individual's unemployment may affect the health of their spouse or partner. The purpose of this study is to answer three questions: 1. Is one's own unemployment associated with changes in physical activity participation? 2. Is one's partner's unemployment associated with changes in physical activity participation? 3. Do changes in physical activity behaviors associated with unemployment differ by gender? This study uses nationally representative, longitudinal data on couples in the United States, covering the period 1999–2013. These data, obtained from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, are used to estimate fixed-effects models of the relationships between one's own, and one's partner's, unemployment and participation in physical activity. I find that for men unemployment is not associated with changes in physical activity time. For women, own unemployment is associated with increases in physical activity, whereas a partner's unemployment is associated with decreases in physical activity. I argue that unemployed women, unlike men, are able to take advantage of the increased availability of time through reduced labor supply to invest in their health during unemployment, which could have positive long-run consequences. Results suggest the importance of studying unemployment and health at the household level and suggest a need for further investigation into gender differences in unemployment and health. Limited research has examined how unemployment affects physical activity. Research examining how unemployment affects one's spouse is also limited. Study uses Panel Study of Income Dynamics data to investigate these issues. Unemployed men do not experience changes in physical activity. Women increase activity during unemployment but do less during partner unemployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Gough
- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, University of La Verne, Hoover Building, La Verne, CA, 91750, United States
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Mouton CP, Hayden M, Southerland JH. Cardiovascular Health Disparities in Underserved Populations. Prim Care 2017; 44:e37-e71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Poggio R, Serón P, Calandrelli M, Ponzo J, Mores N, Matta MG, Gutierrez L, Chung-Shiuan C, Lanas F, He J, Irazola V, Rubinstein A, Bazzano L. Prevalence, Patterns, and Correlates of Physical Activity Among the Adult Population in Latin America: Cross-Sectional Results from the CESCAS I Study. Glob Heart 2017; 11:81-88.e1. [PMID: 27102025 DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few data are available on population level regarding domain-specific correlates of physical activity (PA) in Latin America. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among PA patterns and their main sociodemographic determinants and cardiovascular risk factors in the Southern Cone of Latin America. METHODS CESCAS I is a population-based prospective cohort study with a 4-stage stratified sampling of a general population of 7,524 adults aged 35 to 74 years from 4 midsized cities in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. PA was assessed using the transcultural adaptation of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long form. The questionnaire asked about frequency (days per week) and duration (minutes per day) of moderate and vigorous intensity activities in 3 different domains: work, leisure time, and active transportation (walking and bicycling). PA levels of ≥600 metabolic equivalent tasks (MET) minutes per week was considered sufficiently active. Odds ratios for associations of sufficiently active status with sociodemographic determinants and cardiovascular risk factors were obtained using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. CONCLUSIONS Almost 65%) of the participants reported ≥600 MET minutes per week. The lowest prevalence of sufficiently active individuals was seen in Temuco, Chile (58.0%), among women (58.7%), older individuals (55.4%), those with higher educational level (61.6%), and homemakers (53.4%). Approximately 22.8% of the population reported no PA. In multivariable analysis, PA levels were lower among women, individuals who were older, obese, university educated, with clerical work, retired/unemployed or homemakers, and those with physical limitations. Future interventions to increase PA levels in the Southern Cone of Latin America must take into account disparities by gender and socioeconomic status. The promotion of PA during leisure time in women--unemployed and homemakers--and of active transportation for those performing office or clerical work should be a priority in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Poggio
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pamela Serón
- Universidad de La Frontera, CIGES, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Jacqueline Ponzo
- School of Medicine, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nora Mores
- Municipalidad de Marcos Paz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María G Matta
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Gutierrez
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chen Chung-Shiuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Vilma Irazola
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adolfo Rubinstein
- Southern Cone American Center of Excellence for Cardiovascular Health, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lydia Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Barrett JE, Plotnikoff RC, Courneya KS, Raine KD. Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2017; 33:128-43. [PMID: 17272799 DOI: 10.1177/0145721706297453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore (1) patterns in physical activity behaviors and (2) the meaning and personal significance of social cognitive theory (SCT) constructs on physical activity, across gender and income groups among people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS Albertans, 18 years and older (x- = 63, SD = 12.08) with T2DM (N = 1614) completed self-report measures of demographic characteristics and physical activity. Two-way, between-groups analyses of variance (ANOVAs) assessed main and interaction effects of gender and income on leisure time physical activity (LTPA). A subsample of these participants (n = 20) subsequently completed qualitative telephone interviews to provide contextual understanding of the quantitative data and to explore salient SCT influences on physical activity. RESULTS Significant findings indicated that men participate in more LTPA than women do, and those from the highest income group participate in more LTPA than low- or middle-income groups (P < .01). Interview results suggested that walking is the most popular form of physical activity; however, gender and income groups differ in other leisure and nonleisure physical activities. Furthermore, patterns for SCT constructs related to physical activity were apparent across gender and income, most noticeably for self-efficacy and environmental and situational influences. Specifically among men, noteworthy differences existed between income groups for self-control and reinforcement strategies. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the need for more sensitive self-report measures and objective measures of physical activity to help distinguish whether true differences exist between certain demographic groups. Moreover, interventions that promote walking may be beneficial for people with T2DM, provided that appropriate environmental and policy changes occur to accommodate walking and other physical activity behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Barrett
- The Centre for Health Promotion Studies, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada (Ms Barrett, Dr Plotnikoff, Dr Raine)
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- The Centre for Health Promotion Studies, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada (Ms Barrett, Dr Plotnikoff, Dr Raine)
- The Faculty of Physical Education (Dr Plotnikoff, Dr Courneya)
| | | | - Kim D Raine
- The Centre for Health Promotion Studies, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada (Ms Barrett, Dr Plotnikoff, Dr Raine)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-falls are a frequent, but not commonly studied, occurrence in the elderly Black population and may be related to prospective falls. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of near-falls to demographic characteristics, use of assistive devices, gait, and physical activity levels in elderly Blacks. METHODS Community-dwelling, elderly Black patients aging 65 and older and attending two clinics of the Mount Sinai Hospital in Harlem in New York City were recruited. The number of near-falls during the past year was self-reported using the Elderly Falls Screening Test. The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity was used to assess aerobic and anaerobic activity levels. Backward stepwise logistic regression was used to identify predictors of near-falls. RESULTS A total of 120 elderly Black adults took part in the study. Prevalence of occasional or frequent near-falls was 52.5%. In the final trimmed model, time of the 5-m observed walk (OR = 1.41, p = .001) and being male (OR = 3.68, p = .02) were significant predictors of near-fall experiences. DISCUSSION Future research needs to be done in elderly Black populations to determine what factors may contribute to men experiencing more near-falls and on the relation between near-falls and falls.
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Sliwa SA, Must A, Peréa FC, Boulos RJ, Economos CD. Occupational Physical Activity and Weight-Related Outcomes in Immigrant Mothers. Am J Prev Med 2016; 51:637-646. [PMID: 27291074 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New immigrants are likely to be employed in occupations that provide physical activity; however, these positions may place workers at risk for adverse health outcomes. Relationships between occupational physical activity (OPA); weight-related behaviors; obesity; and depression remain underexplored among recent immigrants. METHODS Participants (N=385) were Brazilian, Haitian, and Latino mothers enrolled in a community-based participatory research lifestyle intervention among immigrant mothers (<10 years in U.S.). Baseline BMI was calculated using objectively measured height and weight. Self-reported baseline data included sociodemographics; physical activity (Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire); depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale); and prepared food purchasing frequency. Logistic regression models estimated the odds of obesity (BMI ≥30.0); high depressive symptoms (score ≥16); and purchasing prepared foods (≥1 times/week) by OPA quartile. Models adjusted for covariates, including household composition, origin group, maternal age, education, household income, and recruitment year (2010, 2011). Data were analyzed in 2013. RESULTS Employed participants (49%) primarily worked as domestic workers, nursing assistants, and food service staff. In adjusted models, women in the highest OPA quartile versus lowest had 65% lower obesity odds (95% CI=0.16, 0.76) and approximately twice the odds of presenting high depressive symptoms (2.01, 95% CI=1.02, 4.27) and purchasing takeout food (1.85, 95% CI=0.90, 3.90), which was attenuated after adjusting for income and education (unadjusted OR=1.98, 95% CI=1.10, 3.52). CONCLUSIONS OPA contributes to energy expenditure and may protect against obesity among new immigrant mothers; however, it is also associated with high depressive symptoms. Implications for physical and psychosocial well-being are mixed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Sliwa
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Aviva Must
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Flavia C Peréa
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca J Boulos
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts; School of Community and Population Health, University of New England, Portland, Maine
| | - Christina D Economos
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Perez LG, Chavez A, Marquez DX, Soto SC, Haughton J, Arredondo EM. Associations of Acculturation With Self-Report and Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Latinas. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2016; 44:431-438. [PMID: 27679665 DOI: 10.1177/1090198116669802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Less than 50% of Latinas meet physical activity (PA) recommendations. Acculturation is a complex cultural phenomenon that may influence health behaviors, but associations between acculturation and Latinas' activity and sedentary levels are unclear. AIM To examine associations of acculturation with Latinas' domain-specific and total PA as well as sedentary time. METHOD We analyzed baseline data collected between 2011 and 2013 among 410 Latinas (18-65 years) from a PA promotion intervention in San Diego, CA ( Fe en Acción/ Faith in Action). Participants wore an accelerometer to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary time and completed a survey assessing domain-specific PA, sociodemographics, and acculturation as measured by length of residence in the United States and the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale (BAS) for Hispanics. Higher acculturation was defined as longer residence in the United States or being either assimilated or bicultural as per scores on the Hispanic and Anglo domains of the BAS. RESULTS Based on weekly averages from the accelerometer, Latinas spent 103 minutes in MVPA and 76% of total activity in sedentary time. Only 32% met MVPA recommendations via self-reported leisure-time and transportation PA. Longer residence in the United States was inversely associated with reporting any transportation or occupational PA and meeting MVPA recommendations. Assimilated/bicultural Latinas had significantly less accelerometer-based total MVPA and higher sedentary time than their lower acculturated counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Overall, higher acculturation, based on either measure, was related to less activity. Our findings suggest interventions tailored to the acculturation levels of Latinas are needed to help reduce disparities in Latinas' PA and sedentary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian G Perez
- 1 University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,2 San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.,3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adrian Chavez
- 3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Sandra C Soto
- 1 University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,2 San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.,3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Haughton
- 3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elva M Arredondo
- 2 San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.,3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
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Meyer MRU, Wu C, Walsh SM. Theoretical Antecedents of Standing at Work: An Experience Sampling Approach Using the Theory of Planned Behavior. AIMS Public Health 2016; 3:682-701. [PMID: 29546189 PMCID: PMC5690399 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2016.4.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Time spent sitting has been associated with an increased risk of diabetes, cancer, obesity, and mental health impairments. However, 75% of Americans spend most of their days sitting, with work-sitting accounting for 63% of total daily sitting time. Little research examining theory-based antecedents of standing or sitting has been conducted. This lack of solid groundwork makes it difficult to design effective intervention strategies to decrease sitting behaviors. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as our theoretical lens to better understand factors related with beneficial standing behaviors already being practiced, we examined relationships between TPB constructs and time spent standing at work among "positive deviants" (those successful in behavior change). Experience sampling methodology (ESM), 4 times a day (midmorning, before lunch, afternoon, and before leaving work) for 5 consecutive workdays (Monday to Friday), was used to assess employees' standing time. TPB scales assessing attitude (α = 0.81-0.84), norms (α = 0.83), perceived behavioral control (α = 0.77), and intention (α = 0.78) were developed using recommended methods and collected once on the Friday before the ESM surveys started. ESM data are hierarchically nested, therefore we tested our hypotheses using multilevel structural equation modeling with Mplus. Hourly full-time university employees (n = 50; 70.6% female, 84.3% white, mean age = 44 (SD = 11), 88.2% in full-time staff positions) with sedentary occupation types (time at desk while working ≥6 hours/day) participated. A total of 871 daily surveys were completed. Only perceived behavioral control (β = 0.45, p < 0.05) was related with work-standing at the event-level (model fit: just fit); mediation through intention was not supported. This is the first study to examine theoretical antecedents of real-time work-standing in a naturalistic field setting among positive deviants. These relationships should be further examined, and behavioral intervention strategies should be guided by information obtained through this positive deviance approach to enhance perceived behavioral control, in addition to implementing environmental changes like installing standing desks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Cindy Wu
- Department of Management, Hankamer School of Business, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Shana M. Walsh
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- School of Education, Peru State College, Peru, NE, USA
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Plotnikoff RC, Brunet S, Courneya KS, Spence JC, Birkett NJ, Marcus B, Whiteley J. The Efficacy of Stage-Matched and Standard Public Health Materials for Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace: The Physical Activity Workplace Study (PAWS). Am J Health Promot 2016; 21:501-9. [PMID: 17674637 DOI: 10.4278/0890-1171-21.6.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To compare the effects of stage-matched and standard print materials for physical activity (PA) change. Design. Participants were randomized into (1) a stage-matched intervention group (n = 165), (2) a standard intervention group (n = 176), or (3) a no-contact control group (n = 166). The stage-matched and standard intervention groups both received materials at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Assessments of all three groups were conducted at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Setting. Canadian worksites. Subjects. Employees (N = 507). Interventions. Five motivationally targeted booklets were developed for the stage-matched group. The standard group received Canada's Physical Activity Guide and handbook. Measures. The main dependent variable was PA, expressed as metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes and measured using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Demographic characteristics and stages of change for PA were also assessed. Results. At 12 months mean weekly MET minutes for combined moderate and vigorous activity increased from baseline by 223, 67, and 78 for the stage-matched, standard, and control groups, respectively; however, differences were not significant (p > .05). Women in the stage-matched group over the 12-month period significantly increased their activity by 327 weekly MET minutes whereas the standard and control groups declined their activity (F = 3.01, p < .05). Conclusion. PA stage-matched materials delivered in the workplace are efficacious for women but not men. Future interventions should explore the use of these intervention materials in conjunction with multilevel strategies, and particular attention should be paid to possible gender differences.
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Kim SW, Bae KH, Seo JB, Jeon JH, Lee WK, Lee IK, Kim JG, Park KG. Association between household size, residential area, and osteoporosis: analysis of 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:712-21. [PMID: 27079326 PMCID: PMC4939504 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The prevalence of single-person households has rapidly increased in Korea. Individuals living alone and in rural areas may have a higher risk of various metabolic diseases due to differences in lifestyle. However, few studies have investigated the association of household size and residential area with health-related problems. This study aimed to evaluate the association of household size and residential area with risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 3,058 postmenopausal women from the 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We examined the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and household size and residential area. RESULTS Individuals living in rural areas had significantly lower BMD of the lumbar spine than those living in an urban area. Subsequently, we divided the participants into four groups according to household size and residential areas. Lumbar spine BMD was significantly lower in individuals living in rural single-person households than those in urban households with two or more individuals, even after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. In addition, individuals in rural single-person households had significantly greater odds of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine than those in urban households with two or more residents. CONCLUSIONS Individuals in rural single-person households had significantly lower BMD and greater odds of osteoporosis in lumbar spine than urban households with two or more individuals. The results of this study suggest that individuals living in rural single-person households may benefit from more careful screening for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kwi-Hyun Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Beom Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won-Kee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Correspondence to Keun-Gyu Park, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea Tel: +82-53-200-6953 Fax: +82-53-426-6722 E-mail:
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Brennan LK, Baker EA, Haire-Joshu D, Brownson RC. Linking Perceptions of the Community to Behavior: Are Protective Social Factors Associated with Physical Activity? HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2016; 30:740-55. [PMID: 14655867 DOI: 10.1177/1090198103255375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the relationship of psychosocial factors to physical activity has been explored, there is increased interest in how perceptions of the community environment influence behavior.However, few methodological studies have incorporated perceptions of the social and community environment (protective social factors) or addressed key measurement issues.Computer-assisted telephone interviews were administered to a national sample of 1, 818 U.S.adults.Unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted odds ratios were calculated to compare active and inactive participants by Protective Social Factors (PSF) scores and selected sociodemographics. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis suggested strong PSF scale psychometric properties (• =. 92). After adjustment for potential confounders, a 10-point rise in the PSF score resulted in a 12% increased likelihood of meeting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. Additional analyses indicated that greater perceived PSFs were associated with meeting these recommendations among Whites but not among African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Brennan
- Department of Community Health and Prevention Research Center, Saint Louis University, School of Public Health, St. Louis, Missouri 63104-1314, USA.
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Lee SM. Physical Activity Among Minority Populations: What Health Promotion Practitioners Should Know—A Commentary. Health Promot Pract 2016; 6:447-52. [PMID: 16210687 DOI: 10.1177/1524839904263818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Leisure time and moderate-level physical activity participation in the United States is low among the majority of the population. Minority populations are especially inactive and report having fewer opportunities and access to be physically active. Physical activity programs utilizing a strong health promotion framework (including needs assessment, program plan and design, program implementation, and evaluation) are limited, particularly among minority populations. The purpose of this article is to discuss the importance of physical activity, briefly review and describe current literature, identify the need for physical activity programs among minority populations, and relate the concepts of a health promotion framework to physical activity programs that are usable among practitioners. The article also provides health promotion practitioners with various resources for improving physical activity programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Lee
- Department of Exercise and Wellness at Arizona State University, East in Mesa, USA
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Olsen JM, Thorson D, Baisch MJ, Monsen KA. Using Omaha System Documentation to Understand Physical Activity among Rural Women. Public Health Nurs 2016; 34:31-41. [DOI: 10.1111/phn.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diane Thorson
- Otter Tail County Public Health Department; Fergus Falls Minnesota
| | - Mary Jo Baisch
- University of Wisconsin Milwaukee School of Nursing; Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | - Karen A. Monsen
- University of Minnesota School of Nursing; Minneapolis Minnesota
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