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Kim J, Kim SC, Kang D, Kim SY, Kwon R, Yon DK, Kim JG. Feature extraction of time series data on functional near-infrared spectroscopy and comparison of deep learning performance for classifying patients with Alzheimer's-related mild cognitive impairment: a post-hoc analysis of a diagnostic interventional trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:6824-6830. [PMID: 37522693 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_33153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to define a method of classifying patients with mild cognitive impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease by the retrieval of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal characteristics obtained during olfactory stimulation and the validation of deep learning findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants were recruited for the study from March 02 and August 30, 2021. A total of 78 participants met the criteria for categorization. The Mini-Mental State Examination and the Seoul Neuropsychological Scale were used to distinguish between patients with mild Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive impairment and healthy controls. fNIRS data received during olfactory stimulation were used to create 1,680 time-series sample values. A total of 150 indices with a p-value ≤ 0.1 were used as deep learning features to construct the result values for 120 models accounting for all conceivable combinations of data ratios. RESULTS For this trial, 78 participants were recruited for the original intervention trial. The average accuracy of the 120 deep-learning models for classifying patients with Alzheimer's-related mild cognitive impairment ranged from 0.78 to 0.90. Sensitivity ranged from 0.88 to 0.96 for the 120 models, while specificity ranged from 0.86 to 0.94. The F1 scores ranged from 0.74 to 0.88. At 0.78 to 0.90, the precision and recall were equivalent. CONCLUSIONS This trial using a deep-learning model found that the representative value extracted from the time series data of each channel could distinguish between healthy people and patients with mild cognitive impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea.
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Jin J, Woo H, Jang Y, Lee WK, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG, Choi YK. Novel Asian-Specific Visceral Adiposity Indices Are Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in Korean Adults. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:426-436. [PMID: 36872065 PMCID: PMC10244194 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and new visceral adiposity index (NVAI) are novel indices of visceral adiposity used to predict metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in Asian populations. However, the relationships of CVAI and NVAI with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been investigated. We aimed to characterize the relationships of CVAI and NVAI with the prevalence of CKD in Korean adults. METHODS A total of 14,068 participants in the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (6,182 men and 7,886 women) were included. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were employed to compare the associations between indices of adiposity and CKD, and a logistic regression model was used to characterize the relationships of CVAI and NVAI with CKD prevalence. RESULTS The areas under the ROC curves for CVAI and NVAI were significantly larger than for the other indices, including the visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product, in both men and women (all P<0.001). In addition, high CVAI or NVAI was significantly associated with a high CKD prevalence in both men (odds ratio [OR], 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 3.48 in CVAI and OR, 6.47; 95% CI, 2.91 to 14.38 in NVAI, P<0.05) and women (OR, 4.87; 95% CI, 1.85 to 12.79 in CVAI and OR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.35 to 6.82 in NVAI, P<0.05); this association remained significant after adjustment for multiple confounding factors in men and women. CONCLUSION CVAI and NVAI are positively associated with CKD prevalence in a Korean population. CVAI and NVAI may be useful for the identification of CKD in Asian populations, including in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Hyein Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Youngeun Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Won-Ki Lee
- Center of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
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Kim J, Kim SC, Kang D, Yon DK, Kim JG. Classification of Alzheimer's disease stage using machine learning for left and right oxygenation difference signals in the prefrontal cortex: a patient-level, single-group, diagnostic interventional trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:7734-7741. [PMID: 36394721 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence shows that indicators testing conventional olfactory function have a high degree of similarity to cognitive function tests and the potential to diagnose early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, the efficacy of functional near-infrared spectroscopy time-series data obtained through olfactory stimulation was investigated as an early diagnostic tool for mild cognitive impairment in AD using random forest, a machine learning algorithm. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a patient-level, single-group, diagnostic interventional trial using near-infrared signals measured during olfactory stimulation in the prefrontal cortex of 178 older adults ranging from normal to participants with AD as markers to discriminate AD stages. We first divided the participants into normal older adults, AD mild cognitive impairment, and AD groups using dementia diagnostic criteria such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery. We compared the left and right oxygenation difference by calculating the relative oxygenation difference from the change in relative oxygen concentration. RESULTS A total of 168 participants met the eligibility criteria: 70 (41.6%) had normal cognitive function; 42 (25%) mild cognitive impairment; 21 (12.5%) mild AD; and 35 (20.8%) moderate AD. A random forest machine learning model was developed to predict the AD stage, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 90.7% for mild cognitive impairment and AD, 90.99% for mild cognitive impairment, and 93.34% for AD only. CONCLUSIONS Based on the classification of the oxygenation difference index of the left and right prefrontal cortices during olfactory stimulation through machine learning, we found that it was possible to detect early-stage mild cognitive impairment in AD. Our results highlight the potential for early AD diagnosis using near-infrared signals from the prefrontal cortex obtained upon olfactory stimulation. Moreover, the results showed high similarity to the existing cognitive function tests and high accuracy in AD stage classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea.
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Kumar S, Jin J, Park HY, Kim MJ, Chin J, Lee S, Kim J, Kim JG, Choi YK, Park KG. DN200434 Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Prevents Neointima Formation in Mice after Carotid Artery Ligation. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:800-809. [PMID: 36168774 PMCID: PMC9633220 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which contributes to the development of occlusive vascular diseases, requires elevated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to meet the increased requirements for energy and anabolic precursors. Therefore, therapeutic strategies based on blockade of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are considered promising for treatment of occlusive vascular diseases. Here, we investigated whether DN200434, an orally available estrogen receptor-related gamma inverse agonist, inhibits proliferation and migration of VSMCs and neointima formation by suppressing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. METHODS VSMCs were isolated from the thoracic aortas of 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Oxidative phosphorylation and the cell cycle were analyzed in fetal bovine serum (FBS)- or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated VSMCs using a Seahorse XF-24 analyzer and flow cytometry, respectively. A model of neointimal hyperplasia was generated by ligating the left common carotid artery in male C57BL/6J mice. RESULTS DN200434 inhibited mitochondrial respiration and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 activity and consequently suppressed FBS- or PDGF-stimulated proliferation and migration of VSMCs and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, DN200434 reduced carotid artery ligation-induced neointima formation in mice. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that DN200434 is a therapeutic option to prevent the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Kumar
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jonghwa Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyeon Young Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jungwook Chin
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Yeon-Kyung Choi. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, Korea Tel: +82-53-200-3869, Fax: +82-53-200-3870, E-mail:
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Corresponding authors: Keun-Gyu Park. Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea Tel: +82-53-200-5505, Fax: +82-53-426-2046, E-mail:
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Lim EY, Song EJ, Kim JG, Jung SY, Lee SY, Shin HS, Nam YD, Kim YT. Lactobacillus intestinalis YT2 restores the gut microbiota and improves menopausal symptoms in ovariectomized rats. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:503-516. [PMID: 34463192 DOI: 10.3920/bm2020.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There are many studies focusing on the alleviation of menopausal symptoms; however, little is known about the role of gut microorganisms in menopausal symptoms. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were administered a novel strain (YT2) of Lactobacillus intestinalis (a species with significantly reduced abundance in OVX rats) and the potential probiotic effect on the improvement of menopausal symptoms was evaluated. Of note, the gut microbial composition completely shifted after ovariectomy in rats. Treatment with L. intestinalis YT2 significantly alleviated menopausal symptoms, such as increased fat mass, decreased bone mineral density, increased pain sensitivity, depression-like behaviour, and cognitive impairment. Additionally, the administration of L. intestinalis YT2 restored the intestinal microbial composition, including an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio. L. intestinalis YT2 also promoted gut barrier integrity by increasing the mRNA levels of tight junction-related markers. In conclusion, L. intestinalis YT2 treatment alleviated menopausal symptoms via the modulation of the gut microbiota. Importantly, these results suggest that L. intestinalis YT2 should be considered as a therapeutic probiotic agent for menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Lim
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - E-J Song
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Food Functional Evaluation Support Team, Technical Assistance Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Jung
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S-Y Lee
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Shin
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-D Nam
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Y T Kim
- Division of Food Functionality, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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Jin J, Lee SW, Lee WK, Jeon JH, Kim JG, Lee IK, Choi YK, Park KG. Year-Long Trend in Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021; 36:1142-1146. [PMID: 34674507 PMCID: PMC8566134 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a negative impact on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no study has examined yearly trends in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels after the start of the COVID-19 outbreak. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis of HbA1c concentrations during the early period of the COVID-19 outbreak (COVID-19 cohort) and then compared the yearly trend in the mean HbA1c level, along with fluctuations in HbA1c levels, with those during previous years (non-COVID-19 cohorts). We observed that the mean HbA1c level in patients with T2DM increased during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. After 6 months, HbA1c levels in the COVID-19 cohort returned to levels seen in the non-COVID-19 cohorts. The data suggest that vulnerable patients with T2DM should be monitored closely during the early period of a pandemic to ensure they receive appropriate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Seong Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Won-Ki Lee
- Center of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
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Kim JG, Park Y, Lee J, Ju JH, Kim WU, Park SH, Kwok SK. Re-evaluation of the prognostic significance of oropharyngeal dysphagia in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Scand J Rheumatol 2021; 51:402-410. [PMID: 34470549 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2021.1941243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prognostic significance of videofluorographic swallowing study (VFSS)-confirmed oropharyngeal dysphagia in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). METHOD We reviewed the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with IIM between 2009 and 2020 at Seoul St Mary's Hospital. All oropharyngeal dysphagia cases were limited to VFSS-confirmed dysphagia found during the initial diagnostic work-up for IIM. We described the findings on VFSS and the course of the dysphagic symptoms. Logistic regression and survival analyses were performed to evaluate the risk of pneumonia and mortality, respectively. RESULTS We found 88 patients with IIM who met the criteria. Among them, 17 patients (19%) had oropharyngeal dysphagia. Except for two cases lost to follow-up and one deceased case, all of the patients with dysphagia (14 of 14) had swallowing function restored within 6 months. The risk of pneumonia within 3 months from the diagnosis of IIM was significant [odds ratio = 4.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-18.88]. The median follow-up duration was 34 and 27 months for the groups without and with dysphagia, respectively. The survival analysis failed to demonstrate that the presence of oropharyngeal dysphagia increased the risk of death (hazard ratio = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.085-7.00). CONCLUSIONS Oropharyngeal dysphagia found at the initial diagnosis of IIM improved within 3-6 months in nearly all cases. Furthermore, IIM patients who had oropharyngeal dysphagia at the initial diagnosis of IIM were not likely to have shorter survival, even if the risk of pneumonia was increased in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Ju
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W-U Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-K Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Park SD, Kim NY, Jeon JH, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG, Choi YK. Impact of urgently initiated tele-prescription due to COVID-19 on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:942-948. [PMID: 34092049 PMCID: PMC8273828 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2020.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that had affected more than 13,000 people in South Korea by July 2020. To prevent spread of COVID-19, tele-prescription was permitted temporarily. This study investigated the impact of tele-prescription on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations were retrospectively analyzed in patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated with tele-prescription because of COVID-19 and those who were treated by face-to-face care (non-tele-prescription group) enrolled at the same period of time. Mean HbA1c concentrations and mean change in HbA1c concentration (ΔHbA1c) were compared in these two groups. RESULTS The mean HbA1c levels of patients were significantly higher after than before the tele-prescription period (7.46% ± 1.24% vs. 7.27% ± 1.13%, p < 0.05). Mean ΔHbA1c was significantly higher in the tele-prescription than in the non-tele-prescription group (0.19% ± 0.68% vs. 0.04% ± 0.95%, p < 0.05). HbA1c was significantly greater in patients taking fewer oral hypoglycemic agents, no insulin, fewer comorbidities (e.g., coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accident, and diabetic neuropathy), and higher baseline HbA1c. CONCLUSION Tele-prescription may worsen glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes during public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Don Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Na-young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu,
Korea
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Choi JH, Jang HI, Jang JS, Jeon SH, Joo KK, Ju K, Jung DE, Kim JG, Kim JH, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kim SY, Kim W, Kwon E, Lee DH, Lee HG, Lim IT, Moon DH, Pac MY, Seo H, Seo JW, Shin CD, Yang BS, Yoo J, Yoon SG, Yeo IS, Yu I. Search for Sub-eV Sterile Neutrinos at RENO. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:191801. [PMID: 33216576 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.191801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a search result for a light sterile neutrino oscillation with roughly 2200 live days of data in the RENO experiment. The search is performed by electron antineutrino (ν[over ¯]_{e}) disappearance taking place between six 2.8 GW_{th} reactors and two identical detectors located at 294 m (near) and 1383 m (far) from the center of the reactor array. A spectral comparison between near and far detectors can explore reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} oscillations to a light sterile neutrino. An observed spectral difference is found to be consistent with that of the three-flavor oscillation model. This yields limits on sin^{2}2θ_{14} in the 10^{-4}≲|Δm_{41}^{2}|≲0.5 eV^{2} region, free from reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} flux and spectrum uncertainties. The RENO result provides the most stringent limits on sterile neutrino mixing at |Δm_{41}^{2}|≲0.002 eV^{2} using the ν[over ¯]_{e} disappearance channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H I Jang
- Department of Fire Safety, Seoyeong University, Gwangju 61268, Korea
| | - J S Jang
- GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - S H Jeon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K K Joo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - K Ju
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - D E Jung
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - S B Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - E Kwon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - I T Lim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - D H Moon
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - M Y Pac
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J W Seo
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - C D Shin
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - B S Yang
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
| | - J Yoo
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
| | - S G Yoon
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - I S Yeo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Yang YY, Kim JG. Shade avoidance and reproductive strategies of an early successional species Penthorum chinense in relation to shade treatments. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:494-499. [PMID: 31872474 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Shade avoidance is expected to be favoured under moderate light. However, in previous studies, shade avoidance was highest in the deepest shade, despite the fact that the plants incur the costs of shade avoidance without the benefits of being exposed to increased light. We performed shading experiments under different light intensities to understand: (i) how shade avoidance traits of Penthorum chinense could peak in moderate light, and (ii) if there was a trade-off between plant height and allocation of seeds along the light gradients. Penthorum chinense increased shade avoidance traits such as height per total dry mass as the amount of light decreased. Side stem number per total dry mass of P. chinense decreased as shade became deeper, from full light to low light. Regressions on seed mass fraction and height were significant with a linear model (y = -0.0006x + 0.1338). There were more resources allocated to seeds under low light than under moderate light. Penthorum chinense increased shade avoidance traits with the decrease in light amount, as found in previously studied species. There was a trade-off between height and production of more seeds. The reproductive strategy of P. chinense was to increase seed mass fraction under low light more than under moderate light. This species might be able to expand established populations by both rhizomes and seeds under low light environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Yang
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program in Environmental Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program in Environmental Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Center for Education Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Lee S, Byun JK, Park M, Woo Kim S, Lee S, Kim JG, Lee IK, Choi YK, Park KG. Melatonin inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis through upregulation of Sestrin2. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3454-3460. [PMID: 32373191 PMCID: PMC7197251 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Furthermore, apoptosis of VSMCs accelerates plaque rupture in the atherosclerotic vessels. Therefore, a strategy that regulates both VSMC proliferation and apoptosis is essential for the development of novel pharmacological tools for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Despite mounting evidence supporting the benefits of melatonin in diverse metabolic diseases, the role of melatonin in VSMC growth remains largely unknown. The present study revealed that melatonin inhibited both proliferation and apoptosis of primary cultured rat VSMCs. Melatonin induced mitochondrial energetic stress in VSMCs and subsequent induction of Sestrin2 via C/EBPβ. Melatonin-induced Sestrin2 suppressed mTORC1 activity in VSMCs, contributing to suppression of VSMC proliferation. Additionally, melatonin-induced upregulation of Sestrin2 blocked apoptosis by preventing excessive ROS generation. The results demonstrated that melatonin controlled VSMC proliferation and apoptosis via Sestrin2-mediated inhibition of mTORC1 and ROS scavenging. Therefore, melatonin should be considered as a lead compound for therapies aimed at preventing vessel lumen constriction during the course of atherosclerosis and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Byun
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihyang Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kang YK, Ryu MH, Park SH, Kim JG, Kim JW, Cho SH, Park YI, Park SR, Rha SY, Kang MJ, Cho JY, Kang SY, Roh SY, Ryoo BY, Nam BH, Jo YW, Yoon KE, Oh SC. Efficacy and safety findings from DREAM: a phase III study of DHP107 (oral paclitaxel) versus i.v. paclitaxel in patients with advanced gastric cancer after failure of first-line chemotherapy. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:1220-1226. [PMID: 29438463 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel is currently only available as an intravenous (i.v.) formulation. DHP107 is a novel oral formulation of lipid ingredients and paclitaxel. DHP107 demonstrated comparable efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics to i.v. paclitaxel as a second-line therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). DREAM is a multicenter, open-label, prospective, randomized phase III study of patients with histologically/cytologically confirmed, unresectable/recurrent AGC after first-line therapy failure. Methods and materials Patients were randomized 1 : 1 to DHP107 (200 mg/m2 orally twice daily days 1, 8, 15 every 4 weeks) or i.v. paclitaxel (175 mg/m2 day 1 every 3 weeks). Patients were stratified by Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, disease status, and prior treatment; response was assessed (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) every 6 weeks. Primary end point: non-inferiority of progression-free survival (PFS); secondary end points: overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and safety. For the efficacy analysis, sequential tests for non-inferiority were carried out, first with a non-inferiority margin of 1.48, then with a margin of 1.25. Results Baseline characteristics were balanced in the 236 randomized patients (n = 118 per arm). Median PFS (per-protocol) was 3.0 (95% CI 1.7-4.0) months for DHP107 and 2.6 (95% CI 1.8-2.8) months for paclitaxel (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.85; 95% CI 0.64-1.13). A sensitivity analysis on PFS using independent central review showed similar results (HR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.70-1.24). Median OS (full analysis set) was 9.7 (95% CI 7.1 - 11.5) months for DHP107 versus 8.9 (95% CI 7.1-12.2) months for paclitaxel (HR = 1.04; 95% CI 0.76-1.41). ORR was 17.8% for DHP107 (CR 4.2%; PR 13.6%) versus 25.4% for paclitaxel (CR 3.4%; PR 22.0%). Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis were more common with DHP107; peripheral neuropathy was more common with paclitaxel. There were only few Grade≥3 adverse events, most commonly neutropenia (42% versus 53%); febrile neutropenia was reported infrequently (5.9% versus 2.5%). No hypersensitivity reactions occurred with DHP107 (paclitaxel 2.5%). Conclusions DHP107 as a second-line treatment of AGC was non-inferior to paclitaxel for PFS; other efficacy and safety parameters were comparable. DHP107 is the first oral paclitaxel with proven efficacy/safety for the treatment of AGC. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01839773.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-K Kang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul.
| | - M-H Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S H Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Oncology-Hematology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu
| | - J W Kim
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Bundang
| | - S-H Cho
- Department of Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun
| | - Y-I Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - S R Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Y Rha
- Department of Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M J Kang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Haeundai Paik Hospital, University of Inje College of Medicine, Busan
| | - J Y Cho
- Department of Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Y Kang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon
| | - S Y Roh
- Department of Oncology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul
| | - B-Y Ryoo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - B-H Nam
- Biometric Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang
| | - Y-W Jo
- Clinical Trials Department, DAEHWA Pharmaceutical Company Co., Ltd, Seoul
| | - K-E Yoon
- Clinical Trials Department, DAEHWA Pharmaceutical Company Co., Ltd, Seoul
| | - S C Oh
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Kim JT, Cho BH, Choi KH, Park MS, Kim BJ, Park JM, Kang K, Lee SJ, Kim JG, Cha JK, Kim DH, Nah HW, Park TH, Park SS, Lee KB, Lee J, Hong KS, Cho YJ, Park HK, Lee BC, Yu KH, Oh MS, Kim DE, Ryu WS, Choi JC, Kwon JH, Kim WJ, Shin DI, Sohn SI, Hong JH, Lee JS, Lee J, Bae HJ, Saver JL, Cho KH. Association between time to treatment and functional outcomes according to the Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score in endovascular stroke therapy. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:343-351. [PMID: 31535427 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The rate at which the chance of a good outcome of endovascular stroke therapy (EVT) decays with time when eligible patients are selected by baseline diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) and whether ischaemic core size affects this rate remain to be investigated. METHODS This study analyses a prospective multicentre registry of stroke patients treated with EVT based on pretreatment DWI-MRI that was categorized into three groups: small [Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (DWI-ASPECTS)] (8-10), moderate (5-7) and large (<5) cores. The main outcome was a good outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale 0-2). The interaction between onset-to-groin puncture time (OTP) and DWI-ASPECTS categories regarding functional outcomes was investigated. RESULTS Ultimately, 985 patients (age 69 ± 11 years; male 55%) were analysed. Potential interaction effects between the DWI-ASPECTS categories and OTP on a good outcome at 90 days were observed (Pinteraction = 0.06). Every 60-min delay in OTP was associated with a 16% reduced likelihood of a good outcome at 90 days amongst patients with large cores, although no associations were observed amongst patients with small to moderate cores. Interestingly, the adjusted rates of a good outcome at 90 days steeply declined between 65 and 213 min of OTP and then remained smooth throughout 24 h of OTP (Pnonlinearity = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the probability of a good outcome after EVT nonlinearly decreased, with a steeper decline at earlier OTP than at later OTP. Discrepant effects of OTP on functional outcomes by baseline DWI-ASPECTS categories were observed. Thus, different strategies for EVT based on time and ischaemic core size are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-T Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B-H Cho
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-H Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - M-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - B J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J-M Park
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Kang
- Department of Neurology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - J-K Cha
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - D-H Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - H-W Nah
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - T H Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-S Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - K-S Hong
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - Y-J Cho
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - H-K Park
- Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
| | - B-C Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - K-H Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - M S Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - D-E Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - W-S Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - J C Choi
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - J-H Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - W-J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - D-I Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - S I Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Hong
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-J Bae
- Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J L Saver
- Department of Neurology, Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K-H Cho
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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14
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Bak G, Choi JH, Jang HI, Jang JS, Jeon SH, Joo KK, Ju K, Jung DE, Kim JG, Kim JH, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kim SY, Kim W, Kwon E, Lee DH, Lee HG, Lee YC, Lim IT, Moon DH, Pac MY, Park YS, Rott C, Seo H, Seo JW, Seo SH, Shin CD, Yang JY, Yoo J, Yu I. Fuel-Composition Dependent Reactor Antineutrino Yield at RENO. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:232501. [PMID: 31298906 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.232501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report a fuel-dependent reactor electron antineutrino (ν[over ¯]_{e}) yield using six 2.8 GW_{th} reactors in the Hanbit nuclear power plant complex, Yonggwang, Korea. The analysis uses 850 666 ν[over ¯]_{e} candidate events with a background fraction of 2.0% acquired through inverse beta decay (IBD) interactions in the near detector for 1807.9 live days from August 2011 to February 2018. Based on multiple fuel cycles, we observe a fuel ^{235}U dependent variation of measured IBD yields with a slope of (1.51±0.23)×10^{-43} cm^{2}/fission and measure a total average IBD yield of (5.84±0.13)×10^{-43} cm^{2}/fission. The hypothesis of no fuel-dependent IBD yield is ruled out at 6.6σ. The observed IBD yield variation over ^{235}U isotope fraction does not show significant deviation from the Huber-Mueller (HM) prediction at 1.3 σ. The measured fuel-dependent variation determines IBD yields of (6.15±0.19)×10^{-43} and (4.18±0.26)×10^{-43} cm^{2}/fission for two dominant fuel isotopes ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu, respectively. The measured IBD yield per ^{235}U fission shows the largest deficit relative to the HM prediction. Reevaluation of the ^{235}U IBD yield per fission may mostly solve the reactor antineutrino anomaly (RAA) while ^{239}Pu is not completely ruled out as a possible contributor to the anomaly. We also report a 2.9 σ correlation between the fractional change of the 5 MeV excess and the reactor fuel isotope fraction of ^{235}U.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bak
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H I Jang
- Department of Fire Safety, Seoyeong University, Gwangju 61268, Korea
| | - J S Jang
- GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - S H Jeon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K K Joo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - K Ju
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - D E Jung
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - S B Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - E Kwon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - I T Lim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - D H Moon
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - M Y Pac
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J W Seo
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - C D Shin
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - J Y Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J Yoo
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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15
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Bak G, Choi JH, Jang HI, Jang JS, Jeon SH, Joo KK, Ju K, Jung DE, Kim JG, Kim JH, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kim SY, Kim W, Kwon E, Lee DH, Lee HG, Lee YC, Lim IT, Moon DH, Pac MY, Park YS, Rott C, Seo H, Seo JW, Seo SH, Shin CD, Yang JY, Yoo J, Yu I. Measurement of Reactor Antineutrino Oscillation Amplitude and Frequency at RENO. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:201801. [PMID: 30500262 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.201801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The RENO experiment reports more precisely measured values of θ_{13} and |Δm_{ee}^{2}| using ∼2200 live days of data. The amplitude and frequency of reactor electron antineutrino (ν[over ¯]_{e}) oscillation are measured by comparing the prompt signal spectra obtained from two identical near and far detectors. In the period between August 2011 and February 2018, the far (near) detector observed 103 212 (850 666) ν[over ¯]_{e} candidate events with a background fraction of 4.8% (2.0%). A clear energy and baseline dependent disappearance of reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} is observed in the deficit of the measured number of ν[over ¯]_{e}. Based on the measured far-to-near ratio of prompt spectra, we obtain sin^{2}2θ_{13}=0.0896±0.0048(stat)±0.0047(syst) and |Δm_{ee}^{2}|=[2.68±0.12(stat)±0.07(syst)]×10^{-3} eV^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bak
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H I Jang
- Department of Fire Safety, Seoyeong University, Gwangju 61268, Korea
| | - J S Jang
- GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - S H Jeon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K K Joo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - K Ju
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - D E Jung
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - S B Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - E Kwon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - I T Lim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - D H Moon
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - M Y Pac
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J W Seo
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - C D Shin
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - J Y Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J Yoo
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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16
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Jia ZY, Song YS, Sheen JJ, Kim JG, Lee DH, Suh DC. Cannulation of Occluded Inferior Petrosal Sinuses for the Transvenous Embolization of Cavernous Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Usefulness of a Frontier-Wire Probing Technique. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:2301-2306. [PMID: 30385474 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pursuing an alternative access route for transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas can be challenging in patients with an occluded inferior petrosal sinus. We found that cannulation of even a completely occluded inferior petrosal sinus is feasible, especially when using a standard hydrophilic-polymer-jacketed 0.035-inch guidewire as a frontier-wire for probing. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 2002 to 2017, the frontier-wire technique was tried in 52 patients with occluded inferior petrosal sinuses for transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas at our center. Technical success was defined as access into the affected cavernous sinus compartment with a microcatheter through the occluded inferior petrosal sinus and deployment of at least 1 coil. The complications and treatment outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS The frontier-wire technique was applied in 52 patients with 57 occluded inferior petrosal sinuses (52 ipsilateral and 5 contralateral inferior petrosal sinuses). Technical success rates were 80.8% (42/52) of patients and 73.7% (42/57) of inferior petrosal sinuses. Alternative transvenous routes were used in 3 patients, and transarterial access was used in 7 patients. Complete embolization of fistulas was achieved in 82.2% (37/45) of patients in the transvenous embolization group and in 14.3% (1/7) of patients in the transarterial group. No procedure-related morbidity or mortality was observed. CONCLUSIONS Transvenous embolization of cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas, even through a completely occluded inferior petrosal sinus, is feasible. The difficulty of passing the microcatheter can be minimized by prior probing of the occluded inferior petrosal sinus using a standard 0.035-inch guidewire; the trace of the guidewire on the roadmap image serves as a guide for microcatheter navigation through the inferior petrosal sinus on fluoroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Jia
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S., J.J.S., J.G.K., D.H.L., D.C.S.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S.), The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y S Song
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S., J.J.S., J.G.K., D.H.L., D.C.S.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S.), The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - J J Sheen
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S., J.J.S., J.G.K., D.H.L., D.C.S.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S., J.J.S., J.G.K., D.H.L., D.C.S.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S., J.J.S., J.G.K., D.H.L., D.C.S.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D C Suh
- From the Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (Z.Y.J., Y.S.S., J.J.S., J.G.K., D.H.L., D.C.S.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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An M, Kim JG, Kim J. Measure of processes of care (MPOC): Translation and validation for use in Korea. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:545-551. [PMID: 29913052 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The measure of processes of care (MPOC) is a widely used instrument to assess parents' perception of the extent to which healthcare services they and their child receive are family centred. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean translation of the MPOC (Korean MPOC). METHODS The Korean MPOC was completed by 198 parents of children receiving rehabilitation services in five provinces in South Korea. According to the Canadian validation procedures, analyses for internal consistency, construct and concurrent validity, and test-retest reliability were performed. RESULTS The Korean MPOC demonstrated adequate internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha ranging from .85 to .98. Confirmative analyses of the scale structure support the construct validity of the Korean MPOC. The Pearson correlations r between the MPOC scale scores and Client Satisfaction Inventory score ranged from .60 to .83, supporting the concurrent validity of the Korean MPOC. The intraclass correlation coefficients were greater than .80 for all five scales, demonstrating good test-retest reliability. CONCLUSIONS The Korean MPOC has good psychological properties and can be recommended for evaluation of processes of paediatric rehabilitation in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M An
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rangos School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, U1 University, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Daegudae-ro, Jillyang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
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Jeong JY, Jeon JH, Bae KH, Choi YK, Park KG, Kim JG, Won KC, Cha BS, Ahn CW, Kim DW, Lee CH, Lee IK. Smart Care Based on Telemonitoring and Telemedicine for Type 2 Diabetes Care: Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial. Telemed J E Health 2018; 24:604-613. [PMID: 29341843 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2017.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed to determine the effectiveness of the Smart Care service on glucose control based on telemedicine and telemonitoring compared with conventional treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This 24-week prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial involved 338 adult patients with type 2 diabetes at four university hospitals in South Korea. The patients were randomly assigned to a control group (group A, n = 113), a telemonitoring group (group B, n = 113), or a telemedicine group (group C, n = 112). Patients in the telemonitoring group visited the outpatient clinic regularly, accompanied by an additional telemonitoring service that included remote glucose monitoring with automated patient decision support by text. Remote glucose monitoring was identical in the telemedicine group, but assessment by outpatient visits was replaced by video conferencing with an endocrinologist. RESULTS The adjusted net reductions in HbA1c concentration after 24 weeks were similar in the conventional, telemonitoring, and telemedicine groups (-0.66% ± 1.03% vs. -0.66% ± 1.09% vs. -0.81% ± 1.05%; p > 0.05 for each pairwise comparison). Fasting glucose concentrations were lower in the telemonitoring and telemedicine groups than in the conventional group. Rates of hypoglycemia were lower in the telemedicine group than in the other two groups, and compliance with medication was better in the telemonitoring and telemedicine than in the conventional group. No serious adverse events were associated with telemedicine. CONCLUSIONS Telehealthcare was as effective as conventional care at improving glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes without serious adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Jeong
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi-Hyun Bae
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Soo Cha
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Kim
- 4 Future IT R&D Lab, LG Electronics , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hee Lee
- 4 Future IT R&D Lab, LG Electronics , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine , Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Kim MJ, Choi YK, Park SY, Jang SY, Lee JY, Ham HJ, Kim BG, Jeon HJ, Kim JH, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. PPARδ Reprograms Glutamine Metabolism in Sorafenib-Resistant HCC. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:1230-1242. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Kim JG, Park JY. Morphological characteristics of visual cells in the endemic Korean loach Kichulchoia multifasciata (Pisces; Cobitidae) by microscopy. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2016; 76:186-190. [PMID: 27813623 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2016.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The visual cell of the retina in the Korean loach Kichulchoia multifasciata, a bottom-dwelling freshwater loach in shallow water, contains double cones and large rods. With light microscopy, the cones form a row mosaic pattern in which the partners of double cones are linearly oriented with a large rod. In a double cone or twin cone, the two members are unequal such that one cone may be longer than the other. An anatomical unit is apparent which consists of 5 rod cells and 15 double cone cells per 20 × 20 μm area. We found that the cone cells of outer segments are linked to the inner segment by so-called "calyceal process" using a scanning electron microscopy, unlike rod cells. In the transmission electron microscopy, the outer membrane shows piles of membrane discs surrounded by double membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Y Park
- Department of Biological Science and Institute for Biodiversity Research, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea, Korea, Republic Of.
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Kim SW, Jeon JH, Lee WK, Lee S, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. Long-term effects of oral contraceptives on the prevalence of diabetes in post-menopausal women: 2007-2012 KNHANES. Endocrine 2016; 53:816-22. [PMID: 27160817 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is little information on whether past use of oral contraceptives (OCs) at child-bearing age influences the incidences of diabetes and insulin resistance (IR) after menopause. This study aimed to evaluate the association of past use of OCs with the development of diabetes and IR in post-menopausal women. This cross-sectional study was based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey carried out from 2007 to 2012. Of the 50405 participants, 6554 post-menopausal women were included in the analysis. The associations of OC use with the prevalence of diabetes in post-menopausal women were examined using multivariate logistic analysis. In addition, fasting glucose and insulin levels were measured in 3338 nondiabetic post-menopausal women, and the association between IR and OCs was examined by the analysis of covariance. The prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher in post-menopausal participants who had taken OCs for more than 6 months than in those who had never taken OCs. The association remained significant after adjusting for multiple confounding factors (odd ratio 1.379; 95 % CI 1.115-1.707; P = 0.003). The duration of OC use was also positively associated with the prevalence of diabetes. Furthermore, taking OCs for more than 6 months led to a significant increase in fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR in nondiabetic participants. Past use of OCs for more than 6 months led to a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes in post-menopausal women, and increased IR in nondiabetic participants. These results suggested that the prolonged use of OCs at reproductive age may be an important risk factor for developing diabetes in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cha Gumi Medical Center, Cha University School of Medicine, Gumi, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won-Kee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
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Kim SW, Bae KH, Seo JB, Jeon JH, Lee WK, Lee IK, Kim JG, Park KG. Association between household size, residential area, and osteoporosis: analysis of 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:712-21. [PMID: 27079326 PMCID: PMC4939504 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The prevalence of single-person households has rapidly increased in Korea. Individuals living alone and in rural areas may have a higher risk of various metabolic diseases due to differences in lifestyle. However, few studies have investigated the association of household size and residential area with health-related problems. This study aimed to evaluate the association of household size and residential area with risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 3,058 postmenopausal women from the 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We examined the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and household size and residential area. RESULTS Individuals living in rural areas had significantly lower BMD of the lumbar spine than those living in an urban area. Subsequently, we divided the participants into four groups according to household size and residential areas. Lumbar spine BMD was significantly lower in individuals living in rural single-person households than those in urban households with two or more individuals, even after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. In addition, individuals in rural single-person households had significantly greater odds of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine than those in urban households with two or more residents. CONCLUSIONS Individuals in rural single-person households had significantly lower BMD and greater odds of osteoporosis in lumbar spine than urban households with two or more individuals. The results of this study suggest that individuals living in rural single-person households may benefit from more careful screening for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kwi-Hyun Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Beom Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Won-Kee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Correspondence to Keun-Gyu Park, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea Tel: +82-53-200-6953 Fax: +82-53-426-6722 E-mail:
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Lee YM, Kim SA, Lee IK, Kim JG, Park KG, Jeong JY, Jeon JH, Shin JY, Lee DH. Effect of a Brown Rice Based Vegan Diet and Conventional Diabetic Diet on Glycemic Control of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A 12-Week Randomized Clinical Trial. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155918. [PMID: 27253526 PMCID: PMC4890770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Several intervention studies have suggested that vegetarian or vegan diets have clinical benefits, particularly in terms of glycemic control, in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, no randomized controlled trial has been conducted in Asians who more commonly depend on plant-based foods, as compared to Western populations. Here, we aimed to compare the effect of a vegan diet and conventional diabetic diet on glycemic control among Korean individuals. Materials and Methods Participants diagnosed with T2D were randomly assigned to follow either a vegan diet (excluding animal-based food including fish; n = 46) or a conventional diet recommended by the Korean Diabetes Association 2011 (n = 47) for 12 weeks. HbA1c levels were measured at weeks 0, 4, and 12, and the primary study endpoint was the change in HbA1c levels over 12 weeks. Results The mean HbA1c levels at weeks 0, 4, and 12 were 7.7%, 7.2%, and 7.1% in the vegan group, and 7.4%, 7.2%, and 7.2% in the conventional group, respectively. Although both groups showed significant reductions in HbA1C levels, the reductions were larger in the vegan group than in the conventional group (-0.5% vs. -0.2%; p-for-interaction = 0.017). When only considering participants with high compliance, the difference in HbA1c level reduction between the groups was found to be larger (-0.9% vs. -0.3%). The beneficial effect of vegan diets was noted even after adjusting for changes in total energy intake or waist circumference over the 12 weeks. Conclusion Both diets led to reductions in HbA1c levels; however, glycemic control was better with the vegan diet than with the conventional diet. Thus, the dietary guidelines for patients with T2D should include a vegan diet for the better management and treatment. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of a vegan diet, and to identify potential explanations of the underlying mechanisms. Trial Registration CRiS KCT0001771
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Lee
- Department of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Se-A Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Jeong
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Suh DH, Han KD, Hong JY, Park JH, Bae JH, Moon YW, Kim JG. Body composition is more closely related to the development of knee osteoarthritis in women than men: a cross-sectional study using the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1, 2). Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:605-11. [PMID: 26518994 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between knee osteoarthritis (OA) and body composition parameters, and to analyze the correlations of both obesity and lower extremity muscle mass with radiographic knee OA in relation to sex. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using data on body composition parameters measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 4246 participants in the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The relationships between knee OA and body composition parameters were evaluated. The associations between knee OA and the four subgroups corresponding to obesity and muscle mass percentage in both lower extremities were analyzed separately for each sex. RESULTS The lower extremity muscle mass showed a decreasing trend, while fat parameters showed an increasing linear trend (P for trend <0.05) with increasing severity of knee OA in women. The odds ratio of each quarter percentile group (25 percentile) for fat parameters showed an increasing trend, while that of the lower extremity muscle mass showed a decreasing linear trend in relation to knee OA in women (P for trend < 0.05). In women, low percentage of lower extremity muscle mass was more associated with knee OA regardless of obesity (P < 0.05). However, there were no associations between all body composition parameters and knee OA in men. CONCLUSION In women, high fat mass and low lower extremity muscle mass were associated with presence and severity of knee OA. Lower extremity muscle mass was more closely correlated with knee OA than obesity in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Suh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeounggi-do, South Korea
| | - K D Han
- Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeounggi-do, South Korea
| | - J H Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeounggi-do, South Korea
| | - J H Bae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y W Moon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeounggi-do, South Korea.
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Cheng J, Park SB, Kim SH, Yang SH, Suh JW, Lee CH, Kim JG. Suppressing activity of staurosporine from Streptomyces sp. MJM4426 against rice bacterial blight disease. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:975-85. [PMID: 26678243 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the active compounds from the Streptomyces sp. MJM4426 that can protect rice from bacterial blight disease (BB), and to evaluate the potential of this Streptomyces strains and the compound for biocontrol of rice bacterial blight disease. METHODS AND RESULTS The ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. MJM4426 can significantly protect rice leaf explants from the infection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaeKACC 10331 (Xoo), the pathogen which cause BB. To identify the active compounds, the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces sp. MJM4426 was fractionated through a Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and further purified by preparative HPLC guided by the inhibitory activity against BB in rice leaf explants. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis showed the active compound displayed its m/z values at [M+H](+) 467·2086 and [M+FA-H](-) 511·1963, and the molecular formula was estimated as C28 H26 N4 O3 which is identical to commercial standard staurosporine. In this study, the isolated staurosporine dramatically suppressed bacterial blight in rice leaf explants with the lowest concentration at 12·5 μmol l(-1) , however, it exhibited low inhibitory activity against Xoo with the MIC value at 256 μg ml(-1) . In addition, greenhouse study showed both crude extract and purified staurosporine can suppress the bacterial blight at the concentration of 5000 and 200 μg ml(-1) respectively. CONCLUSION Streptomyces sp. MJM4426 can protect rice leaf explants from the infection of Xoo by producing staurosporine, but not by direct inhibitory activity against Xoo. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report that staurosporine can protect rice leaf against bacterial blight disease and showed the potential of Streptomyces sp. MJM4426 as an alternative to chemical bactericide for bacterial blight disease in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cheng
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.,Center for Neutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - S B Park
- Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
| | - S H Yang
- Center for Neutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - J-W Suh
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea.,Center for Neutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Genomics Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-Do, Korea
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Choi JY, Jung AH, Jung SH, Hahn HJ, Kim JG, Shin WG. INT-012 An analysis on safety profile of biologic agents in paediatric patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Hwang IR, Choi YK, Lee WK, Kim JG, Lee IK, Kim SW, Park KG. Association between prolonged breastfeeding and bone mineral density and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: KNHANES 2010-2011. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:257-65. [PMID: 26373982 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study showed that a negative correlation between duration of breastfeeding and bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine and prolonged breastfeeding is an independent risk for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The present study suggests that postmenopausal women with a history of prolonged breastfeeding require more careful screening for osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION Several studies suggest that breastfeeding and childbirth lead to maternal calcium loss and a decline in BMD. While the association between breastfeeding and BMD immediately after weaning is well-established, the effects of breastfeeding on postmenopausal women have been controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of breastfeeding on bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. METHODS The present study was a cross-sectional survey based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010 and 2011 data. The association between breastfeeding and BMD and osteoporosis was examined in 1222 postmenopausal women. RESULTS The duration of breastfeeding and BMD in the lumbar spine showed a negative correlation. The association between duration of breastfeeding and BMD remained significant after adjustment for reproductive factors and other confounding factors (P = 0.008). However, the number of deliveries and age at the time of delivery did not correlate with BMD at any site after adjustment. Moreover, the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with a history of prolonged breastfeeding was significantly higher than that in women with a short history of breastfeeding (≥37 months, OR = 3.292; 95 % CI 1.485-7.299). The prevalence of lumbar spine fracture showed a significant increasing trend with the increase in the duration of breastfeeding. CONCLUSION Prolonged breastfeeding was significantly associated with low BMD in the lumbar spine and higher prevalence of osteoporosis. However, the number of deliveries or age at the time of childbirth did not influence BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Y K Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - W K Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - I K Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - K G Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
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Kang BW, Seo AN, Yoon S, Bae HI, Jeon SW, Kwon OK, Chung HY, Yu W, Kang H, Kim JG. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2015; 27:494-501. [PMID: 26673353 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and investigated whether three histologic subtypes (lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma, carcinoma with Crohn's disease-like lymphoid reaction, and conventional-type adenocarcinoma) could stratify a prognostic subset for patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC). MATERIALS AND METHODS After reviewing 1318 consecutive cases of surgically resected or endoscopic submucosal dissected gastric cancers, 120 patients were identified as EBV-positive using EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization. The evaluation of the percentage of intratumoral (iTu-) and stromal (str-) TILs was carried out, and the cases were also subclassified into three histologic subtypes as noted above. RESULTS Among the 120 patients, 73 patients (60.8%) and 60 patients (50.0%) were determined as str-TIL-positive and iTu-TIL-positive, respectively. In a univariate analysis, str-TIL-positivity was significantly associated with longer recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.002) and disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.008), yet not overall survival (OS; P = 0.145). While iTu-TIL-positivity has a tendency of favorable outcome indicator for DFS and OS, but statistically significant differences were not shown, respectively (RFS, P = 0.058; DFS, P = 0.151; OS, P = 0.191). In a multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for age, pTNM stage, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, and venous invasion; histologic subtype, WHO classification, and str-TIL-positivity were independently or tentatively associated with favorable RFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 12.193, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.039-143.055, P = 0.047) or DFS (HR = 4.836, 95% CI 0.917-25.525, P = 0.063). CONCLUSION The histologic subclassification and TILs can be used to predict RFS and DFS for patients with EBVaGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Kyungpook National University
| | - A N Seo
- Departments of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - S Yoon
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Kyungpook National University
| | - H I Bae
- Departments of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - S W Jeon
- Gastroenterology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - O K Kwon
- Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - H Y Chung
- Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - W Yu
- Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - H Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Microorganisms and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Kyungpook National University
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to explore the association between polymorphisms in the period (PER) gene and bone response to hormone therapy (HT) in postmenopausal Korean women. METHODS The PER1 c.2284C > G, c.2247C > T, PER2 c.3731G > A, PER3 c.2592G > A, c.3083T > C polymorphisms, and PER3 54bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) were analyzed in 509 postmenopausal Korean women who received HT. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck before and after 1 year of HT and serum levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), soluble receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL) and bone turnover markers were measured after 6 months of HT. RESULTS The PER1 c.2884 C > G polymorphism and PER3 54bp VNTR were associated with annual percent changes in BMD of the femoral neck after 1 year of HT (p < 0.05). Changes in BMD at the femoral neck in the non-CC genotype of the PER1 c.2884C > G polymorphism and in the 4-repeat homozygote of PER3 54bp VNTR were significantly lower than those in CC genotype and non-4-repeat homozygote, respectively. The PER1 c.2884C > G polymorphism was associated with the non-response (>3% BMD loss/year after HT) of HT. The non-CC genotype of the PER1 c.2884C > G polymorphism showed a 1.92-times higher risk of non-response at the lumbar spine and/or femoral neck (p = 0.01) compared with the CC genotype. No significant changes in bone markers after 6 months of HT were noted according to the PER1 c.2884C > G polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS The PER1 c.2884C > G polymorphism may be associated with risk of non-response to HT in postmenopausal Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cha Gangnam Hospital , Cha University , Seoul , Korea
| | - H Kim
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Korea ;,c Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea
| | - S-Y Ku
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Korea ;,c Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea
| | - C S Suh
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Korea ;,c Biomedical Research Institute , Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea
| | - J H Kim
- d Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine , Ewha Womans University , Seoul , Korea
| | - J G Kim
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Korea ;,d Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine , Ewha Womans University , Seoul , Korea
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Kim SW, Jeon JH, Choi YK, Lee WK, Hwang IR, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. Association of urinary sodium/creatinine ratio with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: KNHANES 2008-2011. Endocrine 2015; 49:791-9. [PMID: 25614039 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that high sodium chloride intake increases urinary calcium excretion and may be a risk factor for osteoporosis. However, the effect of oral sodium chloride intake on bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of osteoporosis has been inadequately researched. The aim of the present study was to determine whether urinary sodium excretion (reflecting oral sodium chloride intake) associates with BMD and prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. This cross-sectional study involved a nationally representative sample consisting of 2,779 postmenopausal women who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys in 2008-2011. The association of urinary sodium/creatinine ratio with BMD and other osteoporosis risk factors was assessed. In addition, the prevalence of osteoporosis was assessed in four groups with different urinary sodium/creatinine ratios. Participants with osteoporosis had significantly higher urinary sodium/creatinine ratios than the participants without osteoporosis. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, urinary sodium/creatinine ratio correlated inversely with lumbar spine BMD (P = 0.001). Similarly, when participants were divided into quartile groups according to urinary sodium/creatinine ratio, the average BMD dropped as the urinary sodium/creatinine ratio increased. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that compared to quartile 1, quartile 4 had a significantly increased prevalence of lumbar spine osteoporosis (odds ratios 1.346, P for trend = 0.044). High urinary sodium excretion was significantly associated with low BMD and high prevalence of osteoporosis in lumbar spine. These results suggest that high sodium chloride intake decreases lumbar spine BMD and increases the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
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Choi GJ, Kang H, Baek CW, Jung YH, Woo YC, Kim SH, Kim JG. Comparison of streamlined liner of the pharynx airway (SLIPA ™) and laryngeal mask airway: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:613-22. [PMID: 25693455 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We performed a systematic review to compare the efficacy and safety of the streamlined liner of the pharynx airway and laryngeal mask airway used in adults during general anaesthesia. We included 14 studies with studies with 1273 patients in total. There was no evidence of a difference between the two devices in insertion success rate on the first attempt (13 studies, 1143 patients), insertion time (seven studies, 576 patients), ease of insertion (five studies, 466 patients), oropharyngeal leak pressure (eight studies, 771 patients) and the quality of the fibreoptic view of the larynx through the device (three studies, 281 patients). The relative risk (95% CI) of bloodstaining of the device (nine studies, 859 patients) was 2.09 (1.46-3.00) for the streamlined liner of the pharynx airway compared with the laryngeal mask airway. Other adverse events were comparable. Subgroup analysis suggested that the insertion by novice users might be faster and more successful with the streamlined liner of the pharynx airway than the laryngeal mask airway; however, this was from only two studies and 186 patients. The method of size selection of the streamlined liner of the pharynx airway device might also affect the speed of insertion: choosing according to the width of the patient's thyroid cartilage, rather than height, may produce better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee SY, Bae JH, Kim JG, Jang KM, Shon WY, Kim KW, Lim HC. The influence of surgical factors on dislocation of the meniscal bearing after Oxford medial unicompartmental knee replacement: a case-control study. Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:914-22. [PMID: 24986945 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b7.33352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for dislocation of the bearing after a mobile-bearing Oxford medial unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) and to test the hypothesis that surgical factors, as measured from post-operative radiographs, are associated with its dislocation From a total of 480 UKRs performed between 2001 and 2012, in 391 patients with a mean age of 66.5 years (45 to 82) (316 female, 75 male), we identified 17 UKRs where bearing dislocation occurred. The post-operative radiological measurements of the 17 UKRs and 51 matched controls were analysed using conditional logistic regression analysis. The post-operative radiological measurements included post-operative change in limb alignment, the position of the femoral and tibial components, the resection depth of the proximal tibia, and the femoral component-posterior condyle classification. We concluded that a post-operative decrease in the posterior tibial slope relative to the pre-operative value was the only significant determinant of dislocation of the bearing after medial Oxford UKR (odds ratio 1.881; 95% confidence interval 1.272 to 2.779). A post-operative posterior tibial slope < 8.45° and a difference between the pre-operative and post-operative posterior tibial slope of > 2.19° may increase the risk of dislocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lee
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 80, Guro-Dong, Guro-Gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
| | - J H Bae
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 516, Gojan 1-Dong, Danwon-Gu, Ansan, 425-707, South Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 516, Gojan 1-Dong, Danwon-Gu, Ansan, 425-707, South Korea
| | - K M Jang
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 80, Guro-Dong, Guro-Gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
| | - W Y Shon
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 80, Guro-Dong, Guro-Gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 516, Gojan 1-Dong, Danwon-Gu, Ansan, 425-707, South Korea
| | - H C Lim
- Korea University College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 80, Guro-Dong, Guro-Gu, Seoul, 152-703, South Korea
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Jung GS, Jeon JH, Jung YA, Choi YK, Kim HS, Kim JG, Park KG, Kim MK, Lee IK. Clusterin/apolipoprotein J attenuates angiotensin II-induced renal fibrosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105635. [PMID: 25148511 PMCID: PMC4141810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The blockade of angiotensin II (Ang II) is a major therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy. The main roles of Ang II in renal disease are mediated via the Ang type 1 receptor (AT1R). Upregulation of clusterin/apolipoprotein J has been reported in nephropathy models, suggesting it has a protective role in nephropathogenesis. Here, we studied how clusterin acts against Ang II-induced renal fibrosis. Levels of AT1R and fibrotic markers in clusterin-/- mice and Ang II infused rats transfected with an adenovirus encoding clusterin were evaluated by immunoblot analysis, real time RT-PCR, and immunohistochemical staining. The effect of clusterin on renal fibrosis was evaluated in NRK-52E cells, a cultured renal tubular epithelial cell line, using immunoblot analysis and real time RT-PCR. Nuclear localization of NF-κB was evaluated using immunofluorecence and co-immunoprecipitation. Renal fibrosis and expression of AT1R was higher in the kidneys of clusterin-/- mice than in those of wild-type mice. Furthermore, loss of clusterin accelerated Ang II-stimulated renal fibrosis and AT1R expression. Overexpression of clusterin in proximal tubular epithelial cells decreased the levels of Ang II-stimulated fibrotic markers and AT1R. Moreover, intrarenal delivery of clusterin attenuated Ang II-mediated expression of fibrotic markers and AT1R in rats. Fluorescence microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation in conjunction with western blot revealed that clusterin inhibited Ang II-stimulated nuclear localization of p-NF-κB via a direct physical interaction and subsequently decreased the AT1R level in proximal tubular epithelial cells. These data suggest that clusterin attenuates Ang II-induced renal fibrosis by inhibition of NF-κB activation and subsequent downregulation of AT1R. This study raises the possibility that clusterin could be used as a therapeutic target for Ang II-induced renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwon-Soo Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-A Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (IKL); (MKK)
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (IKL); (MKK)
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Min AK, Bae KH, Jung YA, Choi YK, Kim MJ, Kim JH, Jeon JH, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 mediates fasting-induced hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 expression. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2924-31. [PMID: 24885573 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The fasting-induced hepatic hormone, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), is a potential candidate for the treatment of metabolic syndromes. Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α is known to play a major role in the induction of hepatic FGF21 expression, other fasting-induced transcription factors that induce FGF21 expression have not yet been fully studied. In the present study, we investigated whether the fasting-induced activation of the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 increases hepatic FGF21 expression. We found that fasting induced hepatic Nur77 and FGF21 expression. Glucagon and forskolin increased Nur77 and FGF21 expression in vivo and in vitro, respectively, and adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Nur77 (Ad-Nur77) increased FGF21 expression in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, knockdown of endogenous Nur77 expression by siRNA-Nur77 abolished the effect of forskolin on FGF21 expression. The results of ChIP assays, EMSA, and mutagenesis analysis showed that Nur77 bound to the putative NBRE of the FGF21 promoter in cultured hepatocytes and fasting induced Nur77 binding to the FGF21 promoter in vivo. Knockdown of PPARα partially inhibited forskolin-induced FGF21 expression, suggesting PPARα involvement in glucagon-stimulated FGF21 expression. In addition, double knockdown of PPARα and Nur77 further diminished FGF21 expression in cultured hepatocytes. In conclusion, this study shows that Nur77 mediates fasting-induced hepatic FGF21 expression, and suggests an alternative mechanism via which hepatic FGF21 transcription is mediated under fasting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae-Kyung Min
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.-K.M., K.-H.B., Y.-K.C., M.-J.K., J.-H.K., J.-H.J., J.-G.K., I.-K.L., K.-G.P.) Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-721, South Korea; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Y.-A.J.), Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-712, South Korea; Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Bio-Medical Convergence Program for Creative Talent (I.-K.L.), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
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Jung YA, Choi YK, Jung GS, Seo HY, Kim HS, Jang BK, Kim JG, Lee IK, Kim MK, Park KG. Sitagliptin attenuates methionine/choline-deficient diet-induced steatohepatitis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 105:47-57. [PMID: 24842243 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Accumulating evidence suggests that inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), such as sitagliptin, may play an important role in the prevention of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This study was conducted to elucidate whether sitagliptin could prevent steatohepatitis by inhibiting pathways involved in hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed a methionine/choline-deficient (MCD) diet with or without supplement with sitagliptin for 5 weeks. Liver and adipose tissue from mice were examined histologically and immunohistochemically to estimate the effect of sitagliptin on the development of NASH. RESULTS Supplementation with sitagliptin resulted in significant improvement of MCD diet-induced fat accumulation in the liver. In addition, sitagliptin treatment lowered fatty acid uptake, expression of VLDL receptor and hepatic triglyceride content. Sitagliptin also effectively attenuated MCD diet-induced hepatic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and liver injury, as evidenced by reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels, ER stress markers, and TUNEL staining. Expression of CYP2E1 and 4NHE were strongly increased by the MCD diet, but this effect was successfully prevented by sitagliptin treatment. Furthermore, sitagliptin significantly decreased levels of MCD diet-induced fibrosis-associated proteins such as fibronectin and α-SMA in the liver. Inflammatory and atrophic changes of adipose tissue by MCD diet were restored by sitagliptin treatment. CONCLUSIONS Sitagliptin attenuated MCD diet-induced hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in mice through amelioration of mechanisms responsible for the development of NASH, including CD36 expression, NF-κB activation, ER stress, CYP2E1 expression, and lipid peroxidation. Treatment with sitagliptin may represent an effective approach for the prevention and treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-A Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Gwon-Soo Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye-Young Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye-Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byoung Kuk Jang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in period (PER) genes and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women. METHODS The PER1 c.2247C> T and c.2884C> G polymorphisms; the PER2 c.661G> A and c.3731G> A polymorphisms; the PER3 c.2592G> A, c.3029C> T, c.3035C> T, and c.3083T> C polymorphisms, and the 54 bp variable number tandem repeats polymorphism were analyzed in 551 postmenopausal Korean women. Serum leptin, soluble leptin receptor, osteoprotegerin, soluble receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand, and bone markers including bone alkaline phosphatase and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen were measured, and the lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs were also determined. RESULTS The PER2 c.661G> A, PER3 c.3029C> T and c.3035C> T polymorphisms were not observed. The PER2 and PER3 polymorphisms evaluated were not related to BMD, whereas associations of the c.2247C> T and c.2884C> G polymorphisms in PER1 with the lumbar spine BMD were observed both singly and in combination. The CC haplotype homozygotes showed significantly lower lumbar spine BMD than participants with other genotypes. Additionally, 2.01-fold higher odds for osteoporosis of the lumbar spine were found in the CC haplotype homozygotes compared to women not carrying the haplotype CC allele. No significant differences in bone markers were detected according to the PER1 haplotype genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that both the PER1 c.2247C> T and c.2884C> G polymorphisms may be genetic factors affecting the lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- * Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an attractive target for treating metabolic disease due to its wide-ranging beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. Circulating FGF21 levels are increased in insulin-resistant states; however, endogenous FGF21 fails to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in obesity, suggesting that metabolic syndrome is an FGF21-resistant state. Therefore, transcription factors for FGF21 are potential drug targets that could increase FGF21 expression in obesity and reduce FGF21 resistance. Despite many studies on the metabolic effects of FGF21, the transcriptional regulation of FGF21 gene expression remains controversial and is not fully understood. As the FGF21 transcription factor pathway is one of the most promising targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, further investigation of FGF21 transcriptional regulation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwi-Hyun Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Jeong JY, Kim JG, Kim BW, Moon SS, Kim HS, Park KG, Won KC, Lee HW, Yoon JS, Shon HS, Lee JH, Jung ED, Park MY, Chun BY, Kim KY, Hwang TY, Lee MY, Lee IK. Trend analysis of diabetic prevalence and incidence in a rural area of South Korea between 2003-2008. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 1:184-90. [PMID: 24843430 PMCID: PMC4020719 DOI: 10.1111/j.2040-1124.2010.00045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction: This study determined the change in prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes over a period of 5 years in South Korea. The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes and risk factors associated with the development of diabetes were also investigated. Materials and Methods: The Dalseong population‐based cohort survey recruited 1806 subjects who were over 20‐years‐old in 2003. Five years later, 1287 of the original subjects were re‐evaluated and 187 new subjects were added to the study. All participants completed a questionnaire, were given a physical examination, and provided blood samples for analysis including 2 h oral glucose tolerances. Results: Age‐adjusted prevalence of diabetes rose from 6.7% in 2003 to 9.1% in 2008. The prevalence of prediabetes also increased from 18.5% in 2003 to 28.4% in 2008. The incidence rates of diabetes and prediabetes were 18.3 per 1000 person‐years and 55.4 per 1000 person‐years, respectively. The development of diabetes was associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (odds ratio [OR] 5.661), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (OR: 6.013), age (OR 1.013), and waist‐to‐hip ratio (OR 1.513). After excluding the IFG and IGT, systolic blood pressure (OR 1.023), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP; OR 1.097), triglyceride (OR 1.002) and waist‐to‐hip ratio (OR 1.696) were statistically significant risk factors in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: A significant rise in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was observed between 2003 and 2008. In addition, this study newly demonstrated that waist‐to‐hip ratio and hsCRP were associated with the development of diabetes after adjusting for several confounding factors. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2010.00045.x, 2010)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - Bo-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - Seong Su Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - Hye-Soon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Hyoung Woo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Ji Sung Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Ho-Sang Shon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
| | - Eui-Dal Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
| | | | - Byung-Yeol Chun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - Keon-Yeop Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
| | - Tae-Yoon Hwang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine ; WCU project "Development for new drug-target in complication of metabolic syndrome", Kyungpook National University School of Medicine ; Research Institute for Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Kim
- Cardiovascular Center and Cardiology Division, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Sung SJ, Yang JW, Lee PR, Kim JG, Ryu MT, Park HM, Lee G, Hwang CC, Kim KS, Kim JS, Chung JW. Spin-induced band modifications of graphene through intercalation of magnetic iron atoms. Nanoscale 2014; 6:3824-3829. [PMID: 24584481 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr04178f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Intercalation of magnetic iron atoms through graphene formed on the SiC(0001) surface is found to induce significant changes in the electronic properties of graphene due mainly to the Fe-induced asymmetries in charge as well as spin distribution. From our synchrotron-based photoelectron spectroscopy data together with ab initio calculations, we observe that the Fe-induced charge asymmetry results in the formation of a quasi-free-standing bilayer graphene while the spin asymmetry drives multiple spin-split bands. We find that Fe adatoms are best intercalated upon annealing at 600 °C, exhibiting split linear π-bands, characteristic of a bilayer graphene, but much diffused. Subsequent changes in the C 1s, Si 2p, and Fe 3p core levels are consistently described in terms of Fe-intercalation. Our calculations together with a spin-dependent tight binding model ascribe the diffuse nature of the π-bands to the multiple spin-split bands originated from the spin-injected carbon atoms residing only in the lower graphene layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Sung
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
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Lim SM, Chang H, Yoon MJ, Hong YK, Kim H, Chung WY, Park CS, Nam KH, Kang SW, Kim MK, Kim SB, Lee SH, Kim HG, Na II, Kim YS, Choi MY, Kim JG, Park KU, Yun HJ, Kim JH, Cho BC. A multicenter, phase II trial of everolimus in locally advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer of all histologic subtypes. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:3089-94. [PMID: 24050953 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S M Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Choi YK, Kim MK, Bae KH, Seo HA, Jeong JY, Lee WK, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 100:96-101. [PMID: 23369227 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Irisin has been identified as a novel myokine that drives brown-fat-like conversion of white adipose tissue. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether serum irisin levels are decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with control subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), and assessed the association between serum irisin levels and various metabolic parameters. METHODS The study population was selected from a population-based study and included 104 subjects with NGT and 104 subjects with new-onset T2D. Serum irisin and adiponectin levels and metabolic parameters were measured. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between irisin levels and newly diagnosed T2D. RESULTS Serum irisin levels were significantly decreased in the new-onset T2D group compared with the NGT control group (p=0.003). In a multivariable model adjusted for various metabolic parameters, increased irisin levels were associated with reduced odds (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47-0.88, p=0.006) of prevalent newly diagnosed T2D. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis showed that 2 h plasma glucose was an independent variable influencing serum irisin levels (p=0.004). CONCLUSION In the present study, we found that serum irisin levels were decreased in T2D patients and inversely associated with newly diagnosed T2D, suggesting that irisin may play a crucial role in glucose intolerance and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Moon SS, Lee YS, Kim JG, Lee IK. Association of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 gene polymorphisms with serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 99:343-50. [PMID: 23375992 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (HSD11B1), which converts inactive glucocorticoid to active glucocorticoid, plays a critical role in pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), an indicator of hepatocellular injury, has been suggested as a surrogate marker for NAFLD. To date, no study has specifically examined the relationship between HSD11B1 gene polymorphisms and ALT. METHODS A study was conducted to examine the association of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HSD11B1 (rs12086634, rs1000283) with serum ALT level in 756 Korean subjects (348 males and 408 females). ALT values were divided into two groups: elevated (>33U/l in males, >25U/l in females) and normal. RESULTS SNPs showed a significant association with elevated ALT. According to results of logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables, the GT+GG genotype for rs12086634 and the GA+AA genotype for rs1000283 showed significantly higher frequencies of elevated ALT, compared with the TT and GG genotypes, respectively (GT/GG vs. TT; OR 1.685, 95% CI 1.175-2.416, P=0.005, GA/AA vs. GG; OR 2.057, 95% CI 1.401-3.020, P<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS HSD11B1 polymorphisms (rs12086634 and rs1000283) are associated with elevated levels of ALT. Findings from this study suggest a possible association between HSD11B1 polymorphisms and hepatocellular injury, such as that seen in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Su Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea
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Hwang TH, Kim DS, Kim JG. An on-time power-aware scheduling scheme for medical sensor SoC-based WBAN systems. Sensors (Basel) 2012; 13:375-92. [PMID: 23271602 PMCID: PMC3574681 DOI: 10.3390/s130100375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The focus of many leading technologies in the field of medical sensor systems is on low power consumption and robust data transmission. For example, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), which is used to maintain the heart in a healthy state, requires a reliable wireless communication scheme with an extremely low duty-cycle, high bit rate, and energy-efficient media access protocols. Because such devices must be sustained for over 5 years without access to battery replacement, they must be designed to have extremely low power consumption in sleep mode. Here, an on-time, energy-efficient scheduling scheme is proposed that performs power adjustments to minimize the sleep-mode current. The novelty of this scheduler is that it increases the determinacy of power adjustment and the predictability of scheduling by employing non-pre-emptible dual priority scheduling. This predictable scheduling also guarantees the punctuality of important periodic tasks based on their serialization, by using their worst case execution time) and the power consumption optimization. The scheduler was embedded into a system on chip (SoC) developed to support the wireless body area network—a wakeup-radio and wakeup-timer for implantable medical devices. This scheduling system is validated by the experimental results of its performance when used with life-time extensions of ICD devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Ho Hwang
- Multimedia IP Center, Korea Electronic Technology Institute, 6th Fl., #22, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Bundang-gu Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si 463-400, Korea; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +82-31-739-7473; Fax: +82-32-739-7499
| | - Dong-Sun Kim
- Multimedia IP Center, Korea Electronic Technology Institute, 6th Fl., #22, Daewangpangyo-ro 712 Bundang-gu Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si 463-400, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Computer Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Gyeonggi-do, Yongin-si 449-791, Korea; E-Mail:
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Seo HA, Kim SW, Jeon EJ, Jeong JY, Moon SS, Lee WK, Kim JG, Lee IK, Park KG. Association of the DDAH2 gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 98:125-31. [PMID: 22579530 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate whether the polymorphism of DDAH2 is associated with type 2 diabetes and hypertension in Korean population. METHODS Total 605 subjects were included in this study: 403 patients with type 2 diabetes and 202 non-diabetic control subjects. The SNP rs805304 and rs2272592 in DDAH2 were analyzed. We examined the association of SNP rs805304 and rs2272592 in DDAH2 with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. RESULTS SNP rs2272592 was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes (P<0.001) while SNP rs805304 was not (P=0.716). We observed that the prevalence of the AG+GG genotypes were significantly greater than AA homozygotes in type 2 diabetes (AA vs AG+GG; OR 20.74, 95% CI 6.48-66.35, P<0.001). Significance was maintained after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, DBP and BUN (OR 21.03, 95% CI 2.83-151.14, P=0.003). Both SNP rs805304 and rs2272592 in DDAH2 were not significantly associated with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we found that SNP rs2272592 in DDAH2 is associated with type 2 diabetes but SNP rs805304 in DDAH2 is not. DDAH2 SNP rs2272592 AG+GG genotypes are associated with genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ae Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Moon SS, Lee JE, Lee YS, Kim SW, Jeoung NH, Lee IK, Kim JG. Association of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 gene polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 95:230-6. [PMID: 22019269 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) plays a crucial role in glucose utilization and lipid metabolism by regulating the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and is an emerging therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. To date, no study has specifically examined the relationship between PDK4 gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. METHODS The association of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was examined in PDK4 [-208A/G (rs10085637), IVS3+192C/T (rs3779478), IVS6+31A/G (rs2301630), IVS7+514A/G (rs12668651), IVS10+75C/T (rs10247649)] with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in 651 Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes and 350 nondiabetic Korean subjects. The association of these SNPs with clinical parameters related to metabolic syndromes including obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was also examined. RESULTS No significant association was found between the studied SNPs and type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, or clinical parameters. The PDK4 gene haplotype ACAGC showed a modest association with type 2 diabetes. However, the significance of this association was lost after considering for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS PDK4 polymorphisms may not be associated with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Further studies utilizing a larger study population are required to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Su Moon
- Department of Internal medicine, Dongguk University School of Medicine, Gyeongju, South Korea.
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Jung GS, Kim MK, Jung YA, Kim HS, Park IS, Min BH, Lee KU, Kim JG, Park KG, Lee IK. Clusterin attenuates the development of renal fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 23:73-85. [PMID: 22052058 PMCID: PMC3269926 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2011010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of clusterin occurs in several renal diseases and models of nephrotoxicity, but whether this promotes injury or is a protective reaction to injury is unknown. Here, in the mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction model, obstruction markedly increased the expression of clusterin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), type I collagen, and fibronectin. Compared with wild-type mice, clusterin-deficient mice exhibited higher levels of PAI-1, type I collagen, and fibronectin and accelerated renal fibrosis in response to obstruction. In cultured rat tubular epithelium-like cells, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of clusterin inhibited the expression of TGF-β-stimulated PAI-1, type I collagen, and fibronectin. Clusterin inhibited TGF-β-stimulated Smad3 activity via inhibition of Smad3 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation. Moreover, intrarenal delivery of adenovirus-expressing clusterin upregulated expression of clusterin in tubular epithelium-like cells and attenuated obstruction-induced renal fibrosis. In conclusion, clusterin attenuates renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. These results suggest that upregulation of clusterin during renal injury is a protective response against the development of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwon-Soo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yun-A Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye-Soon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Sun Park
- Department of Anatomy and Center for Advanced Medical Education by BK21 project, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Bon-Hong Min
- Department of Pharmacology and BK21 Program for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Up Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; and
| | - Jung-Guk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Min AK, Kim MK, Kim HS, Seo HY, Lee KU, Kim JG, Park KG, Lee IK. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates methionine choline deficient diet-induced steatohepatitis in C57BL/6 mice. Life Sci 2011; 90:200-5. [PMID: 22154902 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver disease that causes fat accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis. Increased oxidative stress contributes to hepatic inflammation and fibrosis by upregulation of Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity. This study examined whether alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a naturally occurring thiol antioxidant, prevents steatohepatitis through the inhibition of several pathways involved in hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. MAIN METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed an MCD diet with or without ALA for 4weeks. Liver sections from mice on control or MCD diets with or without ALA were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, oil red O, and anti-4-HNE antibody. The effects of ALA on methionine-choline deficient MCD-diet induced plasma AST and ALT as well as tissue TBARS were measured. The effects of ALA on CYP2E1 expression, ER stress, MAPK levels, and NF-κB activity in MCD diet-fed mice liver were measured by northern and western blot analysis. KEY FINDINGS Dietary supplementation with ALA reduced MCD diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, hepatic inflammation, TBARS, 4-HNE, and plasma ALT and AST levels. These effects were associated with a reduced expression of CYP2E1 and reduced ER stress and MAPK and NF-κB activity. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that ALA attenuates steatohepatitis through inhibition of several pathways, and provide the possibility that ALA can be used to prevent the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients who have strong risk factors for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae-Kyung Min
- World Class University Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, 700-721, South Korea
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Moon SS, Lee YS, Lee IK, Kim JG. Serum thyrotropin as a risk factor for thyroid malignancy in euthyroid subjects with thyroid micronodule. Head Neck 2011; 34:949-52. [PMID: 22127951 DOI: 10.1002/hed.21828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level is a risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer. The present study investigated whether TSH is a risk factor for thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC) in euthyroid subjects with a micronodule. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 483 euthyroid subjects (77 males patients, 406 females patients) with a thyroid micronodule were enrolled and underwent ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Serum TSH level was measured in every subject. The final diagnostic outcome (malignant or benign) was defined in conjunction with cytology and histology. RESULTS Compared with the patients below the population mean, patients above the population mean had a significantly higher malignancy rate (10.8% vs 4.8%, p = .025). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed TSH as an independent risk factor for malignancy in euthyroid patients with a micronodule (odds ratio, 1.449; 95% confidence interval, 1.033-2.033; p = .031). CONCLUSIONS Measurement of TSH in subjects with a thyroid micronodule is helpful to estimate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Su Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University School of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
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Kim JW, Oh HC, Kim JG. Education and imaging. Gastrointestinal: "floating oil droplets in the colonic fluid": colonoscopic findings in a patient with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and steatorrhea. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 26:1080. [PMID: 21564288 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J W Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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