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Smith RC, Sershen H, Chen A, Jin H, Guidotti A, Davis JM. Relationship of cognitive measures to mRNA levels in lymphocytes from patients with schizophrenia and controls. Schizophr Res Cogn 2024; 38:100321. [PMID: 39040617 PMCID: PMC11261145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2024.100321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia show substantial cognitive deficits and abnormalities in neurotransmitter-related levels of mRNA in brain or peripheral blood lymphocytes. However, the relationship of cognitive deficits as measured by the MATRICS battery and mRNA levels in brain or lymphocytes has not been sufficiently explored. We measured levels of methylation or neurotransmitter-related mRNAs in lymphocytes of 38 patients with chronic schizophrenia (CSZ) and 33 non-psychotic controls (controls) by qPCR using TaqMan probes. We assessed cognitive function in these patients and controls with the MATRICS battery. We used correlation analysis and scatter plots to assess the relationship of lymphocyte mRNA levels to MATRICS domain and composite scores. CSZ subjects had a consistently negative correlation between mRNA levels in lymphocytes and MATRICS cognitive variables of speed of processing, attention-vigilance, working memory, visual learning, and overall composite score. It is uncertain whether these negative correlations represent a causative relation between specific mRNA levels and cognitive deficits. Controls had either positive correlations or non-significant correlations between mRNA and most of the MATRICS variables. There were statistically significant differences in the correlations between mRNA and MATRICS variables between CSZ vs controls for several mRNAs (DNMT1, DNMT3A, BDNF, NR3C1, FPRF3, CNTNAP2). Our data show a different relationship between mRNA levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes and MATRICS cognitive variables in CSZ vs controls. The substantive significance of these differences needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C. Smith
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Sershen
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - AnMei Chen
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hua Jin
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, and VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexandro Guidotti
- The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John M. Davis
- The Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Gifford G, Cullen AE, Vieira S, Searle A, McCutcheon RA, Modinos G, Stone WS, Hird E, Barnett J, van Hell HH, Catalan A, Millgate E, Taptiklis N, Cormack F, Slot ME, Dazzan P, Maat A, de Haan L, Facorro BC, Glenthøj B, Lawrie SM, McDonald C, Gruber O, van Amelsvoort T, Arango C, Kircher T, Nelson B, Galderisi S, Bressan RA, Kwon JS, Weiser M, Mizrahi R, Sachs G, Kirschner M, Reichenberg A, Kahn R, McGuire P. PsyCog: A computerised mini battery for assessing cognition in psychosis. Schizophr Res Cogn 2024; 37:100310. [PMID: 38572271 PMCID: PMC10987298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2024.100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite the functional impact of cognitive deficit in people with psychosis, objective cognitive assessment is not typically part of routine clinical care. This is partly due to the length of traditional assessments and the need for a highly trained administrator. Brief, automated computerised assessments could help to address this issue. We present data from an evaluation of PsyCog, a computerised, non-verbal, mini battery of cognitive tests. Healthy Control (HC) (N = 135), Clinical High Risk (CHR) (N = 233), and First Episode Psychosis (FEP) (N = 301) participants from a multi-centre prospective study were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. PsyCog was used to assess cognitive performance at baseline and at up to two follow-up timepoints. Mean total testing time was 35.95 min (SD = 2.87). Relative to HCs, effect sizes of performance impairments were medium to large in FEP patients (composite score G = 1.21, subtest range = 0.52-0.88) and small to medium in CHR patients (composite score G = 0.59, subtest range = 0.18-0.49). Site effects were minimal, and test-retest reliability of the PsyCog composite was good (ICC = 0.82-0.89), though some practice effects and differences in data completion between groups were found. The present implementation of PsyCog shows it to be a useful tool for assessing cognitive function in people with psychosis. Computerised cognitive assessments have the potential to facilitate the evaluation of cognition in psychosis in both research and in clinical care, though caution should still be taken in terms of implementation and study design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexis E. Cullen
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Sandra Vieira
- Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
| | - William S. Stone
- Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, United States of America
| | - Emily Hird
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Barnett
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hendrika H. van Hell
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Catalan
- Basurto University Hospital, Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Margot E. Slot
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
| | - Arija Maat
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Department Early Psychosis, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Benedicto Crespo Facorro
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Sevilla, Spain
- University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, IBIS-CSIC, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Celso Arango
- Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Dept of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Straße 8, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Rodrigo A. Bressan
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dahakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gabriele Sachs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States of America
| | - PSYSCAN Consortium
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
- Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, United States of America
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Basurto University Hospital, Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Department Early Psychosis, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Sevilla, Spain
- University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, IBIS-CSIC, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
- Dept of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Straße 8, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dahakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States of America
| | - René Kahn
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States of America
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3
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Biondi M, Marino M, Mantini D, Spironelli C. Unveiling altered connectivity between cognitive networks and cerebellum in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2024; 271:47-58. [PMID: 39013344 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive functioning is a crucial aspect in schizophrenia (SZ), and when altered it has devastating effects on patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes. Several studies suggested that they could result from altered communication between the cortex and cerebellum. However, the neural correlates underlying these impairments have not been identified. In this study, we investigated resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) in SZ patients, by considering the interactions between cortical networks supporting cognition and cerebellum. In addition, we investigated the relationship between SZ patients' rsFC and their symptoms. We used fMRI data from 74 SZ patients and 74 matched healthy controls (HC) downloaded from the publicly available database SchizConnect. We implemented a seed-based connectivity approach to identify altered functional connections between specific cortical networks and cerebellum. We considered ten commonly studied resting state networks, whose functioning encompasses specific cognitive functions, and the cerebellum, whose involvement in supporting cognition has been recently identified. We then explored the relationship between altered rsFC values and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. The SZ group showed increased connectivity values compared with HC group for cortical networks involved in attentive processes, which were also linked to PANSS items describing attention and language-related processing. We also showed decreased connectivity between cerebellar regions, and increased connectivity between them and attentive networks, suggesting the contribution of cerebellum to attentive and affective deficits. In conclusion, our findings highlighted the link between negative symptoms in SZ and altered connectivity within the cerebellum and between the same and cortical networks supporting cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Marino
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy; Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Chiara Spironelli
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy; Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
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4
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Xu QW, Larosa A, Wong TP. Roles of AMPA receptors in social behaviors. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2024; 16:1405510. [PMID: 39056071 PMCID: PMC11269240 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2024.1405510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As a crucial player in excitatory synaptic transmission, AMPA receptors (AMPARs) contribute to the formation, regulation, and expression of social behaviors. AMPAR modifications have been associated with naturalistic social behaviors, such as aggression, sociability, and social memory, but are also noted in brain diseases featuring impaired social behavior. Understanding the role of AMPARs in social behaviors is timely to reveal therapeutic targets for treating social impairment in disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. In this review, we will discuss the contribution of the molecular composition, function, and plasticity of AMPARs to social behaviors. The impact of targeting AMPARs in treating brain disorders will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wei Xu
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amanda Larosa
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tak Pan Wong
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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5
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Kennedy E, Liebel SW, Lindsey HM, Vadlamani S, Lei PW, Adamson MM, Alda M, Alonso-Lana S, Anderson TJ, Arango C, Asarnow RF, Avram M, Ayesa-Arriola R, Babikian T, Banaj N, Bird LJ, Borgwardt S, Brodtmann A, Brosch K, Caeyenberghs K, Calhoun VD, Chiaravalloti ND, Cifu DX, Crespo-Facorro B, Dalrymple-Alford JC, Dams-O'Connor K, Dannlowski U, Darby D, Davenport N, DeLuca J, Diaz-Caneja CM, Disner SG, Dobryakova E, Ehrlich S, Esopenko C, Ferrarelli F, Frank LE, Franz CE, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Genova H, Giza CC, Goltermann J, Grotegerd D, Gruber M, Gutierrez-Zotes A, Ha M, Haavik J, Hinkin C, Hoskinson KR, Hubl D, Irimia A, Jansen A, Kaess M, Kang X, Kenney K, Keřková B, Khlif MS, Kim M, Kindler J, Kircher T, Knížková K, Kolskår KK, Krch D, Kremen WS, Kuhn T, Kumari V, Kwon J, Langella R, Laskowitz S, Lee J, Lengenfelder J, Liou-Johnson V, Lippa SM, Løvstad M, Lundervold AJ, Marotta C, Marquardt CA, Mattos P, Mayeli A, McDonald CR, Meinert S, Melzer TR, Merchán-Naranjo J, Michel C, Morey RA, Mwangi B, Myall DJ, Nenadić I, Newsome MR, Nunes A, O'Brien T, Oertel V, Ollinger J, Olsen A, Ortiz García de la Foz V, Ozmen M, Pardoe H, Parent M, Piras F, Piras F, Pomarol-Clotet E, Repple J, Richard G, Rodriguez J, Rodriguez M, Rootes-Murdy K, Rowland J, Ryan NP, Salvador R, Sanders AM, Schmidt A, Soares JC, Spalleta G, Španiel F, Sponheim SR, Stasenko A, Stein F, Straube B, Thames A, Thomas-Odenthal F, Thomopoulos SI, Tone EB, Torres I, Troyanskaya M, Turner JA, Ulrichsen KM, Umpierrez G, Vecchio D, Vilella E, Vivash L, Walker WC, Werden E, Westlye LT, Wild K, Wroblewski A, Wu MJ, Wylie GR, Yatham LN, Zunta-Soares GB, Thompson PM, Pugh MJ, Tate DF, Hillary FG, Wilde EA, Dennis EL. Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits across Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Insights from an ENIGMA Mega Analysis. Brain Sci 2024; 14:669. [PMID: 39061410 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Deficits in memory performance have been linked to a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While many studies have assessed the memory impacts of individual conditions, this study considers a broader perspective by evaluating how memory recall is differentially associated with nine common neuropsychiatric conditions using data drawn from 55 international studies, aggregating 15,883 unique participants aged 15-90. The effects of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder on immediate, short-, and long-delay verbal learning and memory (VLM) scores were estimated relative to matched healthy individuals. Random forest models identified age, years of education, and site as important VLM covariates. A Bayesian harmonization approach was used to isolate and remove site effects. Regression estimated the adjusted association of each clinical group with VLM scores. Memory deficits were strongly associated with dementia and schizophrenia (p < 0.001), while neither depression nor ADHD showed consistent associations with VLM scores (p > 0.05). Differences associated with clinical conditions were larger for longer delayed recall duration items. By comparing VLM across clinical conditions, this study provides a foundation for enhanced diagnostic precision and offers new insights into disease management of comorbid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Kennedy
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Spencer W Liebel
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Hannah M Lindsey
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Shashank Vadlamani
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Pui-Wa Lei
- Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling, and Special Education, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Maheen M Adamson
- WRIISC-WOMEN & Rehabilitation Department, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Neurosurgery, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Silvia Alonso-Lana
- FIDMAG Research Foundation, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tim J Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- Department of Neurology, Te Whatu Ora-Health New Zealand Waitaha Canterbury, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Celso Arango
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert F Asarnow
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mihai Avram
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Talin Babikian
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Steve Tisch BrainSPORT Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura J Bird
- School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Cognitive Health Initiative, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Behavioral Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Karen Caeyenberghs
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nancy D Chiaravalloti
- Centers for Neuropsychology, Neuroscience & Traumatic Brain Injury Research, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - David X Cifu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Seville, IBIS, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - John C Dalrymple-Alford
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Kristen Dams-O'Connor
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - David Darby
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Nicholas Davenport
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
| | - John DeLuca
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
| | - Covadonga M Diaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Seth G Disner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
| | - Ekaterina Dobryakova
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Center for Traumatic Brain Injury, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carrie Esopenko
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Fabio Ferrarelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lea E Frank
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Carol E Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
- FIDMAG Research Foundation, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Helen Genova
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Center for Autism Research, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
| | - Christopher C Giza
- UCLA Steve Tisch BrainSPORT Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marius Gruber
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alfonso Gutierrez-Zotes
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d'Investiació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Minji Ha
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Charles Hinkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kristen R Hoskinson
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Section of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniela Hubl
- Translational Research Centre, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrei Irimia
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Quantitative & Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Arts & Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kaess
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre of Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaojian Kang
- WRIISC-WOMEN & Rehabilitation Department, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Kimbra Kenney
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Barbora Keřková
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Mohamed Salah Khlif
- Cognitive Health Initiative, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jochen Kindler
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Karolina Knížková
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Knut K Kolskår
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, 1450 Nesodden, Norway
| | - Denise Krch
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Center for Traumatic Brain Injury, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
| | - William S Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Taylor Kuhn
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Veena Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Junsoo Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Roberto Langella
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Laskowitz
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jungha Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jean Lengenfelder
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Center for Traumatic Brain Injury, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
| | | | - Sara M Lippa
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Marianne Løvstad
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, 1450 Nesodden, Norway
| | - Astri J Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Cassandra Marotta
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Craig A Marquardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
| | - Paulo Mattos
- Institute D'Or for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo 04501-000, Brazil
| | - Ahmad Mayeli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Carrie R McDonald
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tracy R Melzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
- School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Jessica Merchán-Naranjo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Chantal Michel
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rajendra A Morey
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- VISN 6 MIRECC, Durham VA, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Benson Mwangi
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A Faillace, MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel J Myall
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mary R Newsome
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Abraham Nunes
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Terence O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Alfred Health, Monash University, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Viola Oertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - John Ollinger
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Alexander Olsen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
- NorHEAD-Norwegian Centre for Headache Research, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Victor Ortiz García de la Foz
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Mustafa Ozmen
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Antalya Bilim University, 07190 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Heath Pardoe
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Marise Parent
- Neuroscience Institute & Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Research Foundation, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Geneviève Richard
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonathan Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mabel Rodriguez
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Kelly Rootes-Murdy
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jared Rowland
- WG (Bill) Hefner VA Medical Center, Salisbury, NC 28144, USA
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MA-MIRECC), Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Nicholas P Ryan
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIDMAG Research Foundation, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne-Marthe Sanders
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, 1450 Nesodden, Norway
| | - Andre Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jair C Soares
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A Faillace, MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalleta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Filip Španiel
- National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
- 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
| | - Alena Stasenko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - April Thames
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
| | - Erin B Tone
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ivan Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- British Columbia Mental Health and Substance Use Services Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Maya Troyanskaya
- Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- H Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kristine M Ulrichsen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, 1450 Nesodden, Norway
| | - Guillermo Umpierrez
- Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d'Investiació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lucy Vivash
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - William C Walker
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Richmond Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Central Virginia VA Health Care System, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - Emilio Werden
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Krista Wild
- Department of Psychology, Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ 85012, USA
| | - Adrian Wroblewski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Mon-Ju Wu
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A Faillace, MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Glenn R Wylie
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ 07936, USA
| | - Lakshmi N Yatham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Giovana B Zunta-Soares
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A Faillace, MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, and Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Mary Jo Pugh
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - David F Tate
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Frank G Hillary
- Department of Psychology, Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA
- Department of Neurology, Hershey Medical Center, State College, PA 16801, USA
- Social Life and Engineering Science Imaging Center, Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Emily L Dennis
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- George E Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
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6
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Corrivetti G, Monaco F, Vignapiano A, Marenna A, Palm K, Fernández-Arroyo S, Frigola-Capell E, Leen V, Ibarrola O, Amil B, Caruson MM, Chiariotti L, Palacios-Ariza MA, Hoekstra PJ, Chiang HY, Floareș A, Fagiolini A, Fasano A. Optimizing and Predicting Antidepressant Efficacy in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder Using Multi-Omics Analysis and the Opade AI Prediction Tools. Brain Sci 2024; 14:658. [PMID: 39061399 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), major depressive disorder (MDD) is the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide and the second most common disease after cardiovascular events. Approximately 280 million people live with MDD, with incidence varying by age and gender (female to male ratio of approximately 2:1). Although a variety of antidepressants are available for the different forms of MDD, there is still a high degree of individual variability in response and tolerability. Given the complexity and clinical heterogeneity of these disorders, a shift from "canonical treatment" to personalized medicine with improved patient stratification is needed. OPADE is a non-profit study that researches biomarkers in MDD to tailor personalized drug treatments, integrating genetics, epigenetics, microbiome, immune response, and clinical data for analysis. A total of 350 patients between 14 and 50 years will be recruited in 6 Countries (Italy, Colombia, Spain, The Netherlands, Turkey) for 24 months. Real-time electroencephalogram (EEG) and patient cognitive assessment will be correlated with biological sample analysis. A patient empowerment tool will be deployed to ensure patient commitment and to translate patient stories into data. The resulting data will be used to train the artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) predictive tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Corrivetti
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84123 Salerno, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), 84125 Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesco Monaco
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84123 Salerno, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), 84125 Salerno, Italy
| | - Annarita Vignapiano
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84123 Salerno, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), 84125 Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marenna
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), 84125 Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat Technological Centre of Catalonia-Rovira i Virgili University, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Eva Frigola-Capell
- Mental Health Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona-CERCA, 17190 Girona, Spain
- Mental Health and Addictions Network, Institut Assistència Sanitària (IAS), 17190 Girona, Spain
| | | | - Oihane Ibarrola
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Burak Amil
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, 34214 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Accare Child Study Center, 9723 HE Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Andrea Fagiolini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, University of Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessio Fasano
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), 84125 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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7
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Fanikos M, Kohn SA, Stamato R, Brenhouse HC, Gildawie KR. Impacts of age and environment on postnatal microglial activity: Consequences for cognitive function following early life adversity. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306022. [PMID: 38917075 PMCID: PMC11198844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early life adversity (ELA) increases the likelihood of later-life neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive dysfunction. Importantly, ELA, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cognitive deficits all involve aberrant immune signaling. Microglia are the primary neuroimmune cells and regulate brain development. Microglia are particularly sensitive to early life insults, which can program their responses to future challenges. ELA in the form of maternal separation (MS) in rats alters later-life microglial morphology and the inflammatory profile of the prefrontal cortex, a region important for cognition. However, the role of microglial responses during MS in the development of later cognition is not known. Therefore, here we aimed to determine whether the presence of microglia during MS mediates long-term impacts on adult working memory. Clodronate liposomes were used to transiently deplete microglia from the brain, while empty liposomes were used as a control. We hypothesized that if microglia mediate the long-term impacts of ELA on working memory in adulthood, then depleting microglia during MS would prevent these deficits. Importantly, microglial function shifts throughout the neonatal period, so an exploratory investigation assessed whether depletion during the early versus late neonatal period had different effects on adult working memory. Surprisingly, empty liposome treatment during the early, but not late, postnatal period induced microglial activity changes that compounded with MS to impair working memory in females. In contrast, microglial depletion later in infancy impaired later life working memory in females, suggesting that microglial function during late infancy plays an important role in the development of cognitive function. Together, these findings suggest that microglia shift their sensitivity to early life insults across development. Our findings also highlight the potential for MS to impact some developmental processes only when compounded with additional neuroimmune challenges in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Fanikos
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Skylar A. Kohn
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Stamato
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Heather C. Brenhouse
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kelsea R. Gildawie
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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8
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Adriasola A, Torres SC, Cañada Y, Chicchi Giglioli IA, García-Blanco A, Sierra P, López-Cerveró M, Chloe BR, Navalón P, Mariano AR. Assessing Executive Functioning in Schizophrenia: Concurrent and Discriminative Validity of a Novel Virtual Cooking Task. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2024. [PMID: 38860351 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Deficits in executive functions (EF) are strongly related to real-life functioning and negative symptoms (NS) in schizophrenia. Recently, virtual reality has enabled more ecologically valid approaches to assess EF in simulated "real-life" scenarios among which the virtual cooking task (VCT) has gained attention. However, the clinical implications of the VCT in schizophrenia have not been investigated exhaustively. In this study, clinically stable individuals with schizophrenia (n = 38) and healthy controls (n = 42) completed a novel VCT and a set of computerized standard EF tools (CST) to primarily investigate concurrent and discriminant validity. In addition, the study explored links between EF assessments, functioning, and NS while controlling for antipsychotic intake, clinical stability, and age. This VCT consisted of four tasks with increasing difficulty and time constraints. The most relevant findings indicate that (1) the VCT showed moderate to strong correlations with CST, (2) the VCT discriminated EF performance between both the groups, (3) the VCT predicted interpersonal functioning, and (4) the VCT predicted NS in greater extent than CST. Accordingly, the findings give support to the concurrent and discriminant validity of the VCT to assess EF and indicate its value to deepen the study of collateral functional deficits and NS in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Adriasola
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio C Torres
- Human-Centred Technology Institute (Human-tech), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Cañada
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ana García-Blanco
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sierra
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María López-Cerveró
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Blanes Rodríguez Chloe
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Navalón
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alcañiz Raya Mariano
- Human-Centred Technology Institute (Human-tech), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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9
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Tan HJR, Ling SL, Khairuddin N, Lim WY, Sanggar A, Chemi NB. Technology-Based Strategy to Improve Medication Compliance Among Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Cureus 2024; 16:e62106. [PMID: 38993397 PMCID: PMC11236821 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-compliance to medications remains a challenging problem in schizophrenia. Newer strategies with high feasibility and acceptability are always being researched. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of technology-based intervention in improving medication compliance in individuals with schizophrenia. METHOD This was a prospective intervention study where participants were required to use the SuperMD smartphone application (Digital-Health Technologies Pte Ltd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) for a month. A change in the Medication Adherence Rating Scale-Malay Translation (MARS-M) and Malay Translation of Drug Adherence Inventory-9 (MDAI-9) scores indicated a change in compliance and attitude to medication. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess change in symptoms and insight. Medication compliance was also obtained from the SuperMD application. Paired T-test was used to evaluate the significance of changes in mean scores of research variables over the study period. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze the subscale of MDAI-9 and the change in PANSS score. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the effect of the change of insight on the level of compliance with medication. RESULTS There were 36 participants in this study. The results showed statistically significant improvement in compliance (0.65, p ≤ 0.01) but not in attitude towards medication (0.78, p = 0.065). There was also an improvement in PANNS score (-2.58, P ≤ 0.01). There was no significant change in insight (χ2(2) = 3.802, p = 0.15). Conclusion:The use of technology-based strategies like SuperMD is effective in improving medication compliance for individuals with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huey Jing R Tan
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kajang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, MYS
- Department of Psychiatry, Amarantine Clinic, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
- Department of Psychiatry, Sungai Long Specialist Hospital, Kajang, MYS
| | - Shiao Ling Ling
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kajang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, MYS
| | - Norashikin Khairuddin
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kajang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, MYS
| | - Wan Yi Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Zainab II, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kota Baru, MYS
| | - Arunah Sanggar
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kajang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, MYS
| | - Norliza Bt Chemi
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kajang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kajang, MYS
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10
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Jacobshagen L, Machetanz L, Kirchebner J. Differences between criminal offender versus non-offender female patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder: a retrospective cohort study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2024:10.1007/s00737-024-01477-7. [PMID: 38809321 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between offender female patients (OFS) and non-offender female patients (NOFS) with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD).The patients in this study were admitted to the university psychiatry in Zurich Switzerland between 1982 and 2016. Demography, psychopathology, comorbidity, and treatment differences were analyzed using binary statistics to compare 31 OFS and 29 matching NOFS with SSD. The Fisher's exact test was used for categorical data variables in small size samples and the Mann-Whitney-U-Test for nonparametric test variables, adjusted with the Benjamini and Hochberg method.The results indicate that the NOFS were cognitively more impaired, they were more likely to have had antipsychotic drugs prescribed (NOFS; 100%, OFS: 71%, OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.13-1.77, p=0.022) and their medication compliance was higher (NOFS: 84.6%, OFS: 4.5%, OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.00-0.08, p=0.000). In contrast, the OFS had completed compulsory school less often and the were observed to be more often homeless and socially isolated (OFS: 72.4%, NOFS: 34.6%, OR 4.96, 95% CI 1.58-15.6, p=0.026), self-disorders (OFS: 51.6%, NOFS: 11.1%, OR 8.53, 95% CI 2.12-34.32, p=0.011), delusions (OFS: 96.8%, NOFS: 63%, OR 17.65, 95% CI 2.08-149.99, p=0.014) and substance use disorder (51.6%, OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.85, p=0.039). Clinicians treating female offender patients with SSD should focus more on the treatment for substance use disorder, medication and early recognition of the illness for preventative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lena Machetanz
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Kirchebner
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Wilson JC, Liu KY, Jones K, Mahmood J, Arya U, Howard R. Biomarkers of neurodegeneration in schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ MENTAL HEALTH 2024; 27:e301017. [PMID: 38796179 PMCID: PMC11129036 DOI: 10.1136/bmjment-2024-301017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
QUESTION Does neurodegenerative disease underlie the increased rate of dementia observed in older people with schizophrenia? Several studies have reported a higher prevalence of dementia in people with schizophrenia compared with the general population. This may reflect a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alternatively, this may reflect non-pathological, age-related cognitive decline in a population with low cognitive reserve. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS We reviewed papers that compared postmortem findings, hippocampal MRI volume or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of AD, between patients with schizophrenia with evidence of cognitive impairment (age ≥45 years) with controls. We subsequently performed a meta-analysis of postmortem studies that compared amyloid-β plaques (APs) or neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia to normal controls or an AD group. FINDINGS No studies found a significant increase of APs or NFTs in cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia compared with controls. All postmortem studies that compared APs or NFTs in patients with schizophrenia to an AD group found significantly more APs or NFTs in AD. No studies found a significant differences in CSF total tau or phosphorylated tau between patients with schizophrenia and controls. The two studies which compared CSF Aβ42 between patients with schizophrenia and controls found significantly decreased CSF Aβ42 in schizophrenia compared with controls. Hippocampal volume findings were mixed. CONCLUSIONS Studies have not found higher rates of AD-related pathology in cognitively impaired individuals with schizophrenia compared with controls. Higher rates of dementia identified in population studies may reflect a lack of specificity in clinical diagnostic tools used to diagnose dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathy Y Liu
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine Jones
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, London, UK
| | | | - Utkarsh Arya
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing, UK
| | - Rob Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Richardson B, Clarke C, Blundell J, Bambico FR. Therapeutic-like activity of cannabidiolic acid methyl ester in the MK-801 mouse model of schizophrenia: Role for cannabinoid CB1 and serotonin-1A receptors. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2403-2415. [PMID: 38385841 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder with an increasing prevalence and incidence over the last two decades. The condition presents with a diverse array of positive, negative, and cognitive impairments. Conventional treatments often yield unsatisfactory outcomes, especially with negative symptoms. We investigated the role of prefrontocortical (PFC) N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the pathophysiology and development of schizophrenia. We explored the potential therapeutic effects of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) methyl ester (HU-580), an analogue of CBDA known to act as an agonist of the serotonin-1A receptor (5-HT1AR) and an antagonist of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R). C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered the NMDAR antagonist, dizocilpine (MK-801, .3 mg/kg) once daily for 17 days. After 7 days, they were concurrently given HU-580 (.01 or .05 μg/kg) for 10 days. Behavioural deficits were assessed at two time points. We conducted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure the concentration of PFC 5-HT1AR and CB1R. We found that MK-801 effectively induced schizophrenia-related behaviours including hyperactivity, social withdrawal, increased forced swim immobility, and cognitive deficits. We discovered that low-dose HU-580 (.01 μg/kg), but not the high dose (.05 μg/kg), attenuated hyperactivity, forced swim immobility and cognitive deficits, particularly in female mice. Our results revealed that MK-801 downregulated both CB1R and 5-HT1AR, an effect that was blocked by both low- and high-dose HU-580. This study sheds light on the potential antipsychotic properties of HU-580, particularly in the context of NMDAR-induced dysfunction. Our findings could contribute significantly to our understanding of schizophrenia pathophysiology and offer a promising avenue for exploring the therapeutic potential of HU-580 and related compounds in alleviating symptoms.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Schizophrenia/drug therapy
- Schizophrenia/chemically induced
- Schizophrenia/metabolism
- Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Female
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Disease Models, Animal
- Cannabinoids/pharmacology
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Richardson
- Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Courtney Clarke
- Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Blundell
- Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Francis R Bambico
- Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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13
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Costas-Carrera A, Verdolini N, Garcia-Rizo C, Mezquida G, Janssen J, Valli I, Corripio I, Sanchez-Torres AM, Bioque M, Lobo A, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Rapado-Castro M, Vieta E, De la Serna H, Mane A, Roldan A, Crossley N, Penades R, Cuesta MJ, Parellada M, Bernardo M. Difficulties during delivery, brain ventricle enlargement and cognitive impairment in first episode psychosis. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1339-1349. [PMID: 38014924 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) display clinical, cognitive, and structural brain abnormalities at illness onset. Ventricular enlargement has been identified in schizophrenia since the initial development of neuroimaging techniques. Obstetric abnormalities have been associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis but also with cognitive impairment and brain structure abnormalities. Difficulties during delivery are associated with a higher risk of birth asphyxia leading to brain structural abnormalities, such as ventriculomegaly, which has been related to cognitive disturbances. METHODS We examined differences in ventricular size between 142 FEP patients and 123 healthy control participants using magnetic resonance imaging. Obstetric complications were evaluated using the Lewis-Murray scale. We examined the impact of obstetric difficulties during delivery on ventricle size as well as the possible relationship between ventricle size and cognitive impairment in both groups. RESULTS FEP patients displayed significantly larger third ventricle size compared with healthy controls. Third ventricle enlargement was associated with diagnosis (higher volume in patients), with difficulties during delivery (higher volume in subjects with difficulties), and was highest in patients with difficulties during delivery. Verbal memory was significantly associated with third ventricle to brain ratio. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that difficulties during delivery might be significant contributors to the ventricular enlargement historically described in schizophrenia. Thus, obstetric complications may contribute to the development of psychosis through changes in brain architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norma Verdolini
- Department of Mental Health, Umbria 1 Mental Health Center, Perugia, Italy
| | - Clemente Garcia-Rizo
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joost Janssen
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Valli
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Iluminada Corripio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Sanchez-Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, Navarra University Hospital, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bioque
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Lobo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Gonzalez-Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Alava, UPV/EHU, BIOARABA, Spain
| | - Marta Rapado-Castro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, 161 Barry Street, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institute of Neurosciences, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena De la Serna
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Mane
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Roldan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Crossley
- Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rafael Penades
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Department of Psychiatry, Navarra University Hospital, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Saglam Y, Ermis C, Tanyolac D, Oz A, Turan S, Korkmaz HA, Karacetin G. The association between plasma thyroxine levels and neurocognitive impairment in early-onset schizophrenia and other psychosis spectrum disorders. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110940. [PMID: 38199488 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Limited studies have delved into the association between thyroid hormones and neurocognition in schizophrenia. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and neurocognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia and other psychosis spectrum disorders (SSD). METHOD A total of 135 patients with early-onset SSD were included in the study. The participants underwent a cognitive assessment. Blood samples were collected to measure serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), and free triiodothyronine (fT3). Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the severity of the psychosis. FINDINGS The results revealed a significant association between fT4 levels and various cognitive domains, including processing speed, verbal fluency, working memory, verbal learning, verbal memory, and visual memory. However, serum TSH and fT3 levels exhibited no significant association with neurocognitive impairment in adjusted linear regression models. Specifically, the correlation between fT4 levels and global cognition was more pronounced in patients with higher scores. CONCLUSIONS Serum fT4 levels were associated with the performance across various cognitive domains in cases of early-onset psychotic disorders. This correlation was accentuated among patients with higher illness severity. Future studies could focus on the effects of specific pathways that can affect the course and progression of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Saglam
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Cagatay Ermis
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Department of Child Psychiatry, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Denizhan Tanyolac
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Oz
- Department of Radiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Turan
- Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Anil Korkmaz
- Izmir Dr. Behcet Uz Pediatric Medicine and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gul Karacetin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Prof Dr Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Hotte-Meunier A, Penney D, Mendelson D, Thibaudeau É, Moritz S, Lepage M, Sauvé G. Effects of metacognitive training (MCT) on social cognition for schizophrenia spectrum and related psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2024; 54:914-920. [PMID: 37772399 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum and related psychotic disorders (SSD) experience significant impairments in social cognition that impede functioning. Social cognition is a multidimensional construct consisting of four domains: 1. theory of mind, 2. emotion processing, 3. attributional style and 4. social perception. Metacognitive training (MCT) is an intervention designed to target cognitive biases in psychosis containing two modules addressing social cognition. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of MCT on social cognition and two of its domains: theory of mind and emotion processing. Ten electronic databases were scoured from 2007 to 1 February 2022 for MCT studies reporting social cognition outcomes for people with SSD (1050 identified, 282 assessed). Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d in R. RESULTS Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis (nMCT = 212, ncontrol = 194). MCT had a small but positive effect on global social cognition (d = 0.28 [95% CI 0.07-0.49]) and theory of mind (d = 0.27 [95% CI 0.01-0.52]). MCT showed no evidence of an effect on emotion processing (d = 0.03 [95% CI -0.26 to 0.32]). CONCLUSION MCT has a small but significant effect on social cognition for people with SSD. Our results add to other recent meta-analyses showing significant effects of MCT on clinically relevant outcomes such as positive symptoms, cognitive biases and cognitive insight. We recommend that future studies on MCT report outcomes on all four domains of social cognition. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (in the process of registration) available at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Hotte-Meunier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Danielle Penney
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Mendelson
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Élisabeth Thibaudeau
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lepage
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Geneviève Sauvé
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Education and Pedagogy, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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16
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Salehi MA, Zafari R, Mohammadi S, Shahrabi Farahani M, Dolatshahi M, Harandi H, Poopak A, Dager SR. Brain-based sex differences in schizophrenia: A systematic review of fMRI studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26664. [PMID: 38520370 PMCID: PMC10960555 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder with characteristic symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, lack of motivation, and paucity of thought. Recent evidence suggests that the symptoms of schizophrenia, negative symptoms in particular, vary widely between the sexes and that symptom onset is earlier in males. A better understanding of sex-based differences in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of schizophrenia may provide a key to understanding sex-based symptom differences. This study aimed to summarize sex-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) differences in brain activity of patients with schizophrenia. We searched PubMed and Scopus to find fMRI studies that assessed sex-based differences in the brain activity of patients with schizophrenia. We excluded studies that did not evaluate brain activity using fMRI, did not evaluate sex differences, and were nonhuman or in vitro studies. We found 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria for the current systematic review. Compared to females with schizophrenia, males with schizophrenia showed more blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation in the cerebellum, the temporal gyrus, and the right precuneus cortex. Male patients also had greater occurrence of low-frequency fluctuations in cerebral blood flow in frontal and parietal lobes and the insular cortex, while female patients had greater occurrence of low-frequency fluctuations in the hippocampus, parahippocampus, and lentiform nucleus. The current study summarizes fMRI studies that evaluated sex-based fMRI brain differences in schizophrenia that may help to shed light on the underlying pathophysiology and further understanding of sex-based differences in the clinical presentation and course of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rasa Zafari
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Soheil Mohammadi
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Mahsa Dolatshahi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of NeuroradiologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Hamid Harandi
- School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Stephen R. Dager
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
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17
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Nesbit MO, Ahn S, Zou H, Floresco SB, Phillips AG. Potentiation of prefrontal cortex dopamine function by the novel cognitive enhancer d-govadine. Neuropharmacology 2024; 246:109849. [PMID: 38244888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a debilitating feature of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, mood disorders and substance use disorders for which there is a substantial lack of effective therapies. d-Govadine (d-GOV) is a tetrahydroprotoberberine recently shown to significantly enhance working memory and behavioural flexibility in several prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent rodent tasks. d-GOV potentiates dopamine (DA) efflux in the mPFC and not the nucleus accumbens, a unique pharmacology that sets it apart from many dopaminergic drugs and likely contributes to its effects on cognitive function. However, specific mechanisms involved in the preferential effects of d-GOV on mPFC DA function remain to be determined. The present study employs brain dialysis in male rats to deliver d-GOV into the mPFC or ventral tegmental area (VTA), while simultaneously sampling DA and norepinephrine (NE) efflux in the mPFC. Intra-PFC delivery or systemic administration of d-GOV preferentially potentiated medial prefrontal DA vs NE efflux. This differential effect of d-GOV on the primary catecholamines known to affect mPFC function further underscores its specificity for the mPFC DA system. Importantly, the potentiating effect of d-GOV on mPFC DA was disrupted when glutamatergic transmission was blocked in either the mPFC or the VTA. We hypothesize that d-GOV acts in the mPFC to engage the mesocortical feedback loop through which prefrontal glutamatergic projections activate a population of VTA DA neurons that specifically project back to the PFC. The activation of a PFC-VTA feedback loop to elevate PFC DA efflux without affecting mesolimbic DA release represents a novel approach to developing pro-cognitive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya O Nesbit
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Soyon Ahn
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Haiyan Zou
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Stan B Floresco
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Anthony G Phillips
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2215 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Zhang J, Qiu H, Zhao Q, Liao C, Guoli Y, Luo Q, Zhao G, Zhang N, Wang S, Zhang Z, Lei M, Liu F, Peng Y. Genetic overlap between schizophrenia and cognitive performance. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:31. [PMID: 38443399 PMCID: PMC10914834 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ), a highly heritable mental disorder, is characterized by cognitive impairment, yet the extent of the shared genetic basis between schizophrenia and cognitive performance (CP) remains poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to explore the polygenic overlap between SCZ and CP. Specifically, the bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR) was employed to estimate the extent of genetic overlap between SCZ (n = 130,644) and CP (n = 257,841), and conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) approach was used to identify shared genetic loci. Subsequently, functional annotation and enrichment analysis were carried out on the identified genomic loci. The MiXeR analyses revealed that 9.6 K genetic variants are associated with SCZ and 10.9 K genetic variants for CP, of which 9.5 K variants are shared between these two traits (Dice coefficient = 92.8%). By employing conjFDR, 236 loci were identified jointly associated with SCZ and CP, of which 139 were novel for the two traits. Within these shared loci, 60 exhibited consistent effect directions, while 176 had opposite effect directions. Functional annotation analysis indicated that the shared genetic loci were mainly located in intronic and intergenic regions, and were found to be involved in relevant biological processes such as nervous system development, multicellular organism development, and generation of neurons. Together, our findings provide insights into the shared genetic architecture between SCZ and CP, suggesting common pathways and mechanisms contributing to both traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Zhang
- College of Computer and Control Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- College of Computer and Control Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiyu Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chongjian Liao
- School of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Guoli
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medial University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Luo
- School of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guoshu Zhao
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoying Wang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghuan Lei
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yanmin Peng
- School of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Willbrand EH, Jackson S, Chen S, Hathaway CB, Voorhies WI, Bunge SA, Weiner KS. Sulcal variability in anterior lateral prefrontal cortex contributes to variability in reasoning performance among young adults. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:387-402. [PMID: 38184493 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Identifying structure-function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus (pimfs-v) in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents, we tested whether this relationship extended to a different sample, age group, and reasoning task. As predicted, the presence of this aLPFC sulcus was also associated with higher reasoning scores in young adults (ages 22-36). These findings have not only direct developmental, but also evolutionary relevance-as recent work shows that the pimfs-v is exceedingly rare in chimpanzees. Thus, the pimfs-v is a key developmental, cognitive, and evolutionarily relevant feature that should be considered in future studies examining how the complex relationships among multiscale anatomical and functional features of the brain give rise to abstract thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan H Willbrand
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of WI-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Samantha Jackson
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Szeshuen Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Willa I Voorhies
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Silvia A Bunge
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin S Weiner
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Hart XM, Mitsukura Y, Bies RR, Uchida H. Unraveling the Influence of Age, IQ, Education, and Negative Symptoms on Neurocognitive Performance in Schizophrenia: A Conditional Inference Tree Analysis. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2024; 57:53-60. [PMID: 38387603 DOI: 10.1055/a-2258-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The complex nature of neurocognitive impairment in schizophrenia has been discussed in light of the mixed effects of antipsychotic drugs, psychotic symptoms, dopamine D2 receptor blockade, and intelligence quotient (IQ). These factors have not been thoroughly examined before. METHODS This study conducted a comprehensive re-analysis of the CATIE data using machine learning techniques, in particular Conditional Inference Tree (CTREE) analysis, to investigate associations between neurocognitive functions and moderating factors such as estimated trough dopamine D2 receptor blockade with risperidone, olanzapine, or ziprasidone, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and baseline IQ in 573 patients with schizophrenia. RESULTS The study reveals that IQ, age, and education consistently emerge as significant predictors across all neurocognitive domains. Furthermore, higher severity of PANSS-negative symptoms was associated with lower cognitive performance scores in several domains. CTREE analysis, in combination with a genetic algorithm approach, has been identified as particularly insightful for illustrating complex interactions between variables. Lower neurocognitive function was associated with factors such as age>52 years, IQ<94/95,<12/13 education years, and more pronounced negative symptoms (score<26). CONCLUSIONS These findings emphasize the multifaceted nature of neurocognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia, with the PANSS-negative score being an important predictor. This gives rise to a role in addressing negative symptoms as a therapeutic objective for enhancing cognitive impairments in these patients. Further research must examine nonlinear relationships among various moderating factors identified in this work, especially the role of D2 occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia M Hart
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasue Mitsukura
- Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University Japan
| | - Robert R Bies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Uchida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Bogie BJM, Noël C, Alftieh A, MacDonald J, Lei YT, Mongeon J, Mayaud C, Dans P, Guimond S. Verbal memory impairments in mood disorders and psychotic disorders: A systematic review of comparative studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 129:110891. [PMID: 37931773 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood and psychotic disorders are both associated with verbal memory impairments. Verbal memory represents an important treatment target for both disorders. However, whether the neurocognitive and neurophysiological profiles of verbal memory impairments differ between specific disorders within these two diagnostic categories and healthy controls remains unclear. The current systematic review synthesized findings from comparative studies which used behavioural and neuroimaging tasks to investigate verbal memory impairments between: (1) mood disorder, psychotic disorder, and healthy control groups; and (2) mood disorder without psychotic features, mood disorder with psychotic features, and healthy control groups. METHODS The search strategy combined terms related to three main concepts: 'mood disorders', 'psychotic disorders', and 'verbal memory'. Searches were executed in Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and PubMed databases. A total of 38 articles met the full eligibility criteria and were included in the final narrative synthesis. Findings were stratified by memory domain (overall composite score, verbal working memory, immediate recall, delayed recall, and recognition memory) and by illness phase (acute and non-acute). RESULTS Mood and psychotic disorders displayed consistent verbal memory impairments compared to healthy controls during the acute and non-acute phases. Few significant differences were identified in the literature between mood and psychotic disorders, and between mood disorders with and without psychotic features. Individuals with schizophrenia were found to have decreased immediate and delayed verbal recall performance compared to bipolar disorder groups during the acute phase. Major depressive disorder groups with psychotic features were also found to have decreased delayed verbal recall performance compared to those without psychosis during the acute phase. No consistent differences were identified between mood and psychotic disorders during the non-acute phase. Finally, preliminary evidence suggests there may be functional abnormalities in important frontal and temporal brain regions related to verbal memory difficulties in both mood and psychotic disorders. DISCUSSION The current findings have potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairments in mood and psychotic disorders. Verbal recall memory may serve as a sensitive tool in the risk stratification of cognitive impairments for certain mood and psychotic disorders. Moreover, since no widespread differences between clinical groups were identified, the evidence supports providing targeted interventions for verbal memory, such as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, through a trans-diagnostic approach in mood and psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce J M Bogie
- MD/PhD Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Chelsea Noël
- Department of Psychology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmad Alftieh
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julia MacDonald
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ya Ting Lei
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
| | - Jamie Mongeon
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Claire Mayaud
- Department of Psychology, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Dans
- Temerty Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Synthia Guimond
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Mamah D, Chen S, Shimony JS, Harms MP. Tract-based analyses of white matter in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, aging, and dementia using high spatial and directional resolution diffusion imaging: a pilot study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1240502. [PMID: 38362028 PMCID: PMC10867155 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1240502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Structural brain connectivity abnormalities have been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic disabling disorder associated with accelerated aging and increased risk of dementia, though brain findings in the disorder have rarely been directly compared to those that occur with aging. Methods We used an automated approach to reconstruct key white matter tracts and assessed tract integrity in five participant groups. We acquired one-hour-long high-directional diffusion MRI data from young control (CON, n =28), bipolar disorder (BPD, n =21), and SCZ (n =22) participants aged 18-30, and healthy elderly (ELD, n =15) and dementia (DEM, n =9) participants. Volume, fractional (FA), radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD) of seven key white matter tracts (anterior thalamic radiation, ATR; dorsal and ventral cingulum bundle, CBD and CBV; corticospinal tract, CST; and the three superior longitudinal fasciculi: SLF-1, SLF-2 and SLF-3) were analyzed with TRACULA. Group comparisons in tract metrics were performed using multivariate and univariate analyses. Clinical relationships of tract metrics with recent and chronic symptoms were assessed in SCZ and BPD participants. Results A MANOVA showed group differences in FA (λ=0.5; p=0.0002) and RD (λ=0.35; p<0.0001) across the seven tracts, but no significant differences in tract AD and volume. Post-hoc analyses indicated lower tract FA and higher RD in ELD and DEM groups compared to CON, BPD and SCZ groups. Lower FA and higher RD in SCZ compared to CON did not meet statistical significance. In SCZ participants, a significant negative correlation was found between chronic psychosis severity and FA in the SLF-1 (r= -0.45; p=0.035), SLF-2 (r= -0.49; p=0.02) and SLF-3 (r= -0.44; p=0.042). Discussion Our results indicate impaired white matter tract integrity in elderly populations consistent with myelin damage. Impaired tract integrity in SCZ is most prominent in patients with advanced illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mamah
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - ShingShiun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joshua S. Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Michael P. Harms
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Fu Z, Sui J, Iraji A, Liu J, Calhoun V. Cognitive and Psychiatric Relevance of Dynamic Functional Connectivity States in a Large (N>10,000) Children Population. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3586731. [PMID: 38260417 PMCID: PMC10802706 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3586731/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Children's brains dynamically adapt to the stimuli from the internal state and the external environment, allowing for changes in cognitive and mental behavior. In this work, we performed a large-scale analysis of dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) in children aged 9 ~ 11 years, investigating how brain dynamics relate to cognitive performance and mental health at an early age. A hybrid independent component analysis framework was applied to the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) data containing 10,988 children. We combined a sliding-window approach with k-means clustering to identify five brain states with distinct DFC patterns. Interestingly, the occurrence of a strongly connected state was negatively correlated with cognitive performance and positively correlated with dimensional psychopathology in children. Meanwhile, opposite relationships were observed for a sparsely connected state. The composite cognitive score and the ADHD score were the most significantly correlated with the DFC states. The mediation analysis further showed that attention problems mediated the effect of DFC states on cognitive performance. This investigation unveils the neurological underpinnings of DFC states, which suggests that tracking the transient dynamic connectivity may help to characterize cognitive and mental problems in children and guide people to provide early intervention to buffer adverse influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zening Fu
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University and Georgia State University
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Pilon F, Boisvert M, Potvin S. Losing the chain of thought: A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies using verbal tasks in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:238-246. [PMID: 38048673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disorganization symptoms are a main feature of schizophrenia, which include illogical and incoherent thinking, circumstantiality, tangentiality and loose associations. As these symptoms entail language deficits, several functional neuroimaging studies have been performed in schizophrenia using verbal tasks, producing somewhat heterogenous results. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis seeking to identify the most reliable neural alterations observed in schizophrenia patients during such tasks. METHODS Web of Sciences, PubMed, and EMBASE were searched for functional neuroimaging studies during verbal tasks (e.g. verbal fluency and semantic processing) in schizophrenia. Out of 795 screened articles, 33 were eligible for this meta-analysis. A coordinated-based meta-analysis was performed with the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) approach, using the cluster-level family-wise error (FWE) correction set at p < 0.05. RESULTS In schizophrenia, hyperactivations were observed in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and hypoactivations were observed in the right IFG, the precentral gyrus and the left caudate nucleus. Another analysis pooling hyper- and hypoactivations revealed altered activations, firstly, in the left IFG and MFG, secondly, in the left precentral gyrus, IFG and insula, and, thirdly, in the left angular gyrus and precuneus. In the light of these results, not only classic language-related regions are abnormally activated during verbal tasks in schizophrenia, but also brain regions involved in executive functions, autobiographical memory and, unexpectedly, in motor functions. Further functional neuroimaging studies are needed to investigate the role of the striatum in linguistic sequencing in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Pilon
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Boisvert
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Sklar AL, Yeh FC, Curtis M, Seebold D, Coffman BA, Salisbury DF. Functional and structural connectivity correlates of semantic verbal fluency deficits in first-episode psychosis. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 169:73-80. [PMID: 38000187 PMCID: PMC10843642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Semantic verbal fluency (SVF) impairments are debilitating and present early in the course of psychotic illness. Deficits within frontal, parietal, and temporal brain regions contribute to this deficit, as long-range communication across this functionally integrated network is critical to SVF. This study sought to isolate disruptions in functional and structural connectivity contributing to SVF deficits during first-episode psychosis in the schizophrenia spectrum (FESz). METHODS Thirty-three FESz and 34 matched healthy controls (HC) completed the Animal Naming Task to assess SVF. Magnetoencephalography was recorded during an analogous covert SVF task, and phase-locking value (PLV) used to measure functional connectivity between inferior frontal and temporoparietal structures bilaterally. Diffusion imaging was collected to measure fractional anisotropy (FA) of the arcuate fasciculus, the major tract connecting frontal and temporoparietal language areas. RESULTS SVF scores were lower among FESz compared to HC. While PLV and FA did not differ between groups overall, FESz exhibited an absence of the left-lateralized nature of both measures observed in HC. Among FESz, larger right-hemisphere PLV was associated with worse SVF performance (ρ = -0.51) and longer DUP (ρ = -0.50). DISCUSSION In addition to worse SVF, FESz exhibited diminished leftward asymmetry of structural and functional connectivity in fronto-temporoparietal SVF network. The relationship between theta-band hyperconnectivity and poorer performance suggests a disorganized executive network and may reflect dysfunction of frontal cognitive control centers. These findings illustrate an aberrant pattern across the distributed SVF network at disease onset and merit further investigation into development of asymmetrical hemispheric connectivity and its failure among high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo L Sklar
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark Curtis
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dylan Seebold
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brian A Coffman
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dean F Salisbury
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Mukhopadhyay A, Deshpande SN, Bhatia T, Thelma BK. Significance of an altered lncRNA landscape in schizophrenia and cognition: clues from a case-control association study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:1677-1691. [PMID: 37009928 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic etiology of schizophrenia is poorly understood despite large genome-wide association data. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with a probable regulatory role are emerging as important players in neuro-psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Prioritising important lncRNAs and analyses of their holistic interaction with their target genes may provide insights into disease biology/etiology. Of the 3843 lncRNA SNPs reported in schizophrenia GWASs extracted using lincSNP 2.0, we prioritised n = 247 based on association strength, minor allele frequency and regulatory potential and mapped them to lncRNAs. lncRNAs were then prioritised based on their expression in brain using lncRBase, epigenetic role using 3D SNP and functional relevance to schizophrenia etiology. 18 SNPs were finally tested for association with schizophrenia (n = 930) and its endophenotypes-tardive dyskinesia (n = 176) and cognition (n = 565) using a case-control approach. Associated SNPs were characterised by ChIP seq, eQTL, and transcription factor binding site (TFBS) data using FeatSNP. Of the eight SNPs significantly associated, rs2072806 in lncRNA hsaLB_IO39983 with regulatory effect on BTN3A2 was associated with schizophrenia (p = 0.006); rs2710323 in hsaLB_IO_2331 with role in dysregulation of ITIH1 with tardive dyskinesia (p < 0.05); and four SNPs with significant cognition score reduction (p < 0.05) in cases. Two of these with two additional variants in eQTL were observed among controls (p < 0.05), acting likely as enhancer SNPs and/or altering TFBS of eQTL mapped downstream genes. This study highlights important lncRNAs in schizophrenia and provides a proof of concept of novel interactions of lncRNAs with protein-coding genes to elicit alterations in immune/inflammatory pathways of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Marg, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Smita N Deshpande
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research-Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Triptish Bhatia
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research-Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - B K Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Marg, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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Ozbek SU, Sut E, Bora E. Comparison of social cognition and neurocognition in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105441. [PMID: 37923237 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This report aimed to compare group differences in social and non-social cognition in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia, and examine the influence of age and other factors on group differences. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in Pubmed and Web of Science from January 1980 to August 2022. Original research articles reporting objective measures of cognition were selected. RESULTS 57 articles involving 1864 patients with schizophrenia and 1716 patients with ASD have been included. Schizophrenia was associated with more severe non-social-cognitive impairment, particularly in fluency (g=0.47;CI[0.17-0.76]) and processing speed domains (g=0.41;CI[0.20-0.62]). Poorer performance in social cognition (Z = 3.68,p = 0.0002) and non-social cognition (Z = 2.48,p = 0.01) in schizophrenia were significantly related to older age. ASD was associated with more severe social cognitive impairment when groups were matched for non-social-cognition (g=-0.18, p = 0.04) or reasoning/problem solving (g=-0,62; CI [-1,06-(-0.08)]. DISCUSSION While both disorders present with social and non-social cognitive impairments, the pattern and developmental trajectories of these deficits are different. The limitations included heterogeneity of the cognitive measures, and the lack of sufficient information about antipsychotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ekin Sut
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Emre Bora
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia; Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Wang Q, Ren H, Li Z, Li J, Dai L, Dong M, Zhou J, He J, Chen X, Gu L, He Y, Tang J. Differences in olfactory dysfunction and its relationship with cognitive function in schizophrenia patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:1813-1824. [PMID: 36949249 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Olfactory discrimination dysfunction has been observed in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), but its relationship with cognitive function has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in olfactory identification function in SCZ patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) and its relationship with cognitive function. Olfactory identification function was measured in 80 SCZ patients with AVHs, 57 SCZ patients without AVHs, and 87 healthy controls (HC). Clinical symptom scores and neuropsychological measures were also administered to all corresponding subjects. Compared to HC, SCZ patients showed significant deficits in olfactory identification and cognitive function, but there were no differences in olfactory identification dysfunction and cognitive dysfunction between the two subgroups. In the non-AVHs subgroup only, poorer Olfactory Stick Identification Test for Japanese (OSIT-J) scores were significantly and positively correlated with total and delayed recall (Bonferroni correction, p < 0.002). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that factors affecting olfactory identification impairment differed in the two SCZ patient subgroups. In conclusion, this study highlights the commonality of olfactory identification dysfunction in SCZ patients and the importance of olfactory assessment of different subtypes of SCZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Honghong Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Zongchang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lulin Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Dong
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingqi He
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Ying He
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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Stojcevski M, Cheung A, Agwu V, Fan X. Exploring Zentangle as a virtual mindfulness-based art intervention for people with serious mental illness. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1260937. [PMID: 38098622 PMCID: PMC10720359 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1260937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Zentangle is an emerging art intervention that incorporates mindfulness into creative drawing. This pilot study explored Zentangle as a novel adjunct treatment for people with serious mental illness (SMI). Methods Six participants with SMI completed an 8-week Zentangle program. Psychiatric outcomes were evaluated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Scale (Q-LES-Q-SF). A focus group was conducted to better understand the experiences of the participants. Results A significant reduction in psychiatric symptoms was observed as measured by the total score on the BPRS between baseline and 5-week post-intervention (40.7 ± 9.1 vs. 33.7 ± 8.9, mean ± SD, p = 0.02). Participants also showed a significant increase in mindful attention using the average score on the MAAS between 1- and 5-week post-intervention (3.5 ± 0.4 vs. 4.2 ± 0.7, mean ± SD, p = 0.04). Four themes were generated from the focus group: (1) approaching mindfulness through Zentangle; (2) power of uncomplicated art creation; (3) understanding the value of self-appreciation; and (4) fostering a positive environment. Discussion Our preliminary data suggest that the use of Zentangle for participants with SMI may have a positive impact on overall psychiatric symptoms and mindfulness. Moreover, the Zentangle Method encourages positive emotions like gratitude and self-accomplishment to counteract negative feelings of self-criticism and failure in participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoduo Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School/UMass Memorial Health, Worcester, MA, United States
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Kaloğlu HA, Örsel S, Erzin G. Evaluation of the Relationships between Irisin Levels and Cognitive Functions in Individuals with Schizophrenia. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 21:724-731. [PMID: 37859445 PMCID: PMC10591173 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.22.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective : Irisin is a myokine that is involved in neurogenesis, neuronal proliferation, and neuronal differentiation. Many research examine the relationship between irisin and schizophrenia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between irisin levels and cognitive functions in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods : Ninety-six individuals who were diagnosed with schizophrenia were included. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess disease severity. To evaluate the cognitive functions of the patients, the trail-making test was evaluated with the A and B forms and the verbal memory processes scale. After a 12-hour night fast, samples of fasting blood were obtained from the participants. Results : There was no significant correlation between irisin, duration of disease, and BPRS total score. In the analysis performed, a positive correlation was found between the plasma irisin level and the error score of the trail-making test form B. Other than that, no correlation was found between irisin level and cognitive performance in schizophrenia patients. In addition, in subgroup analysis between genders, it was determined that the duration of the trail-making test B was longer in female schizophrenia patients. Conclusion : In this study, there was a positive correlation between the trail-making test B-form error scores and the irisin levels. This relationship between impaired executive functions and irisin levels may suggest that the irisin level is increased as compensation for the impairment in executive functions. More research is needed to understand the role of irisin in cognitive impairment and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Ayça Kaloğlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Örsel
- Department of Psychiatry, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gamze Erzin
- Department of Psychiatry, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhu X, Wen M, He Y, Feng J, Xu X, Liu J. The Relationship Between Level of Education, Cognitive Function and Medication Adherence in Patients with Schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2439-2450. [PMID: 38029047 PMCID: PMC10657742 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s424694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Several studies have explored the relationship between level of education and medication adherence, as well as the relationship between level of education and cognitive function. However, there have been few studies on the relationships between level of education, cognitive function, and medication adherence. This study aimed to explore whether cognitive function has a mediating effect between level of education and medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia. Patients and Methods A total of 329 participants were included in this study. Cognitive function was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, and medication adherence using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire. The relationships between the clinical factors and cognitive function that contributed to medication adherence were tested through multivariable linear regression analysis. The mediating effect of medication adherence was tested using the bootstrapping approach with the PROCESS macro. Results Family history, insight and executive function were associated with medication adherence in individuals with schizophrenia, and executive function had a mediating effect between level of education and medication adherence. Conclusion Adopting specific education programs that promote cognitive development as well as actively intervening in executive function might be conducive to improve medication adherence in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zhu
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wen
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Feng
- Inpatient Department, Ningxia Mental Health Center, Ningxia Ning-An Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuebing Xu
- Inpatient Department, Ningxia Mental Health Center, Ningxia Ning-An Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Liu
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
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Pelegrino A, Guimaraes AL, Sena W, Emele N, Scoriels L, Panizzutti R. Dysregulated noradrenergic response is associated with symptom severity in individuals with schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1190329. [PMID: 38025452 PMCID: PMC10661901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1190329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The locus coeruleus-noradrenaline (LC-NA) system is involved in a wide range of cognitive functions and may be altered in schizophrenia. A non-invasive method to indirectly measure LC activity is task-evoked pupillary response. Individuals with schizophrenia present reduced pupil dilation compared to healthy subjects, particularly when task demand increases. However, the extent to which alteration in LC activity contributes to schizophrenia symptomatology remains largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the association between symptomatology, cognition, and noradrenergic response in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods We assessed task-evoked pupil dilation during a pro- and antisaccade task in 23 individuals with schizophrenia and 28 healthy subjects. Results Both groups showed similar preparatory pupil dilation during prosaccade trials, but individuals with schizophrenia showed significantly lower pupil dilation compared to healthy subjects in antisaccade trials. Importantly, reduced preparatory pupil dilation for antisaccade trials was associated with worse general symptomatology in individuals with schizophrenia. Discussion Our findings suggest that changes in LC-NA activity - measured by task-evoked pupil dilation - when task demand increases is associated with schizophrenia symptoms. Interventions targeting the modulation of noradrenergic responses may be suitable candidates to reduce schizophrenia symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pelegrino
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anna Luiza Guimaraes
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Walter Sena
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nwabunwanne Emele
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Linda Scoriels
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Université Paris Cité, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Rogerio Panizzutti
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Dalkner N, Moore RC, Depp CA, Ackerman RA, Pinkham AE, Harvey PD. Immediate post performance judgements about cognitive performance in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: associations with test performance and subjective overall judgments regarding abilities. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2023; 28:450-466. [PMID: 37942934 PMCID: PMC10841634 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2023.2276972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study explored associations between the accuracy of post assessment judgements of cognitive performance with global self-assessments of psychosocial functioning compared to evaluations generated by observers in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. METHODS An abbreviated cognitive assessment based on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was administered to 122 individuals with schizophrenia and 113 with bipolar disorder. They provided self-estimates of their performance after each subtest. In addition, self-reports on cognition, social cognition, and everyday functioning were collected and compared to observer ratings. RESULTS Both groups overestimated their cognitive function, but in bipolar disorder, there was 30% shared variance between task performance and self-rated task performance (vs. 5% in schizophrenia). Significant correlations were found between self-reported everyday outcomes and both actual and self-assessed performance. In schizophrenia, immediate judgements were only related to self-rated functioning, not to observer rated functioning. In bipolar disorder, impairments in self-assessment of performance correlated with observer ratings of cognitive ability, which was not observed in schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS While both groups showed correlations between cognitive performance and introspective accuracy, individuals with bipolar disorder showed higher accuracy in assessing their cognitive performance and other outcomes. Notably, impairments in introspective accuracy were associated with observer-rated functioning exclusively in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dalkner
- Medical University Graz, Austria
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | - Colin A. Depp
- UCSD Health Sciences Center, La Jolla, CA
- San Diego VA Medical Center La Jolla, CA
| | | | - Amy E. Pinkham
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX
| | - Philip D. Harvey
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
- Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL
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Sahoo S, Kale A, Basu D, Minz RW. Is there any association between cognitive deficits and immune markers in Acute and Transient psychotic disorders? A pilot study. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 89:103754. [PMID: 37666028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are studies to support association between immune function and cognition in patients with schizophrenia (SZ). However, there are no such study which had tried to explore the same in patients with Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPDs), which is considered to similar in presentation to SZ. METHODS This is an extended analysis of the study published in which we had recruited 19 subjects with ATPDs in acute phase of illness were age-/gender-matched with patients schizophrenia in remission. Clinical assessment and immune-marker levels (IL-6,IL-8,IL-17) were carried out along with follow -up repeat immune-marker levels assessment in the ATPD group was conducted after remission status was ensured (at least 3 months after resolution of acute phase). Cognitive assessment was done on Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) in both the groups (ATPD in both phases and in SZ). RESULTS The mean MoCA total score was 12.05 (SD-5.0) in the acute phase and 27.05 (SD-2.46) in the remission phase in the ATPD group which was statistically significant. When compared with patients with SZ in remission, patients with ATPD in remission performed better in all domains of MoCA, however only statistically significant differences in the total MoCA score and in the visuospatial domain scores of MoCA. No significant association between any of the immune marker levels (IL-6, Il-8 and IL-17) with any domains of the MoCA in patients with ATPD neither in the acute phase nor in the remission phase was found. Additionally, no significant association between the cognitive scores in the MoCA domains of the patients with schizophrenia and immune marker levels was found too. CONCLUSION To conclude, the present study's findings suggested that there existed definite cognitive deficits in patients with ATPDs in both acute and remission phase and in patients with SZ. However, the study could not establish any relationship/association between cognitive deficits/scores in patients with ATPDs in both phases as well as in patients with SZ with immune marker levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Akshayee Kale
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Debasish Basu
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjana W Minz
- Depart of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Kim JS, Baek SH, Kim H, Kim JW, Kang HJ, Ryu S, Lee JY, Kim JM, Kim SW. Association between suicidal ideation and cognitive function in young patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1276511. [PMID: 37965366 PMCID: PMC10641781 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1276511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicide is a major concern for patients with recent-onset schizophrenia. We hypothesized that preserved cognitive function might be associated with a higher level of suicidality in patients with schizophrenia. We investigated the associations between cognitive function and suicidal ideation (SI) in young patients recently diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Methods This study analyzed data from a naturalistic clinical cohort study that comprised 402 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Patients with a treatment duration of ≤5 years and an age range of 15-39 years were enrolled. Participants were categorized into two groups based on SI as assessed by the Columbia Suicidal Severity Rating Scale. We collected demographic and clinical data and administered psychiatric, neurocognitive, and social cognitive measures. Results Among participants, 52% reported experiencing SI. Patients with SI were significantly younger and had a longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) than those without it. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-general psychopathology score was significantly higher in the SI group. Scores on the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, Perceived Stress Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Hopelessness Scale were significantly higher among patients with SI, while scores on the Subjective Well-being Under Neuroleptics-Short Form and Brief Resilience Scale were significantly lower compared to those without it. Patients with SI demonstrated significantly higher scores on the verbal and visual learning test, false belief task, picture stories task, and Controlled Oral Word Association Test. They also completed the Trail Making Test (TMT) parts A and B in significantly less time than those without it. After adjusting for age, DUP, and scores on the BDI, group differences in scores on the verbal and visual learning tests, TMT (parts A and B), and the false belief task, and the picture story task remained significant. Discussion Our results suggest that along with traditional risk factors, better cognitive function may also be a major risk factor for suicidality in patients with schizophrenia. Providing psychological support and cognitive interventions is essential for young patients with recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders, particularly those with high levels of depression, hopelessness, perceived stress, low resilience, and good cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Honey Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyong Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Mindlink, Gwangju Bukgu Mental Health Center, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Gott CA, Thomas M, Allan J, Kennedy J, Black Y, Dark F, Lappin JM. Cognitive remediation therapy - implementation and translation into clinical practice in rural and metropolitan New South Wales mental health services. Australas Psychiatry 2023; 31:584-586. [PMID: 37365838 DOI: 10.1177/10398562231186125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) is an effective intervention in managing the significant cognitive deficits experienced by those living with psychosis. Given its strong evidence base CRT is recommended in Australian and international guidelines for rehabilitation of people with psychosis, however, access to CRT remains limited. In this commentary, we describe recent efforts to implement CRT programs within NSW mental health services. Development of CRT delivery has been successfully achieved in both rural and metropolitan settings, utilising both face-to-face and telehealth methods. CONCLUSIONS The delivery of CRT in public mental health services is feasible and adaptable to diverse settings. We strongly advocate for sustainable implementation of CRT into routine clinical practice. This will require policy and practice change to enable resources for CRT training and delivery to become embedded in the roles of the clinical workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe A Gott
- The Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt Thomas
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia; and
- Marathon Health, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Julaine Allan
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Kennedy
- Dubbo and Region, Mental Health, Drug & Alcohol Services, Western New South Wales Local Health District, NSW, Australia
| | - Yvette Black
- Bloomfield Hospital, Western New South Wales Local Health District, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Frances Dark
- Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Services, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julia M Lappin
- The Tertiary Referral Service for Psychosis, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; and
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Uppinkudru C, Gopalakrishnan R, Noel J, Kuruvilla A. Prevalence, correlates and explanatory models of cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia-A cross sectional study. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:1025-1034. [PMID: 38108049 PMCID: PMC10725214 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_102_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia may cause significant impairment in social and economic aspects of a patient's life. Current evidence suggests that cognitive deficits may affect the functioning of a person with schizophrenia more than positive or negative symptoms. There is a lack of literature on explanatory models of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia that can influence help-seeking behavior. Objectives This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive deficits and assess their relationship with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics among patients with schizophrenia. We also planned to explore the explanatory models of cognitive deficits in these patients. Methods Consecutive outpatients with schizophrenia who met eligibility criteria were recruited after obtaining informed consent. The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Tamil version (ACE III) and Observable Social Cognition - A Rating Scale (OSCARS) and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) were used to assess cognitive functioning and symptom profile, respectively. Beliefs about illness were recorded using the modified Short Explanatory Model Interview (SEMI). Socio-demographic and treatment-related details were collected with a structured proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS for Windows (version 16.0.1). Results One hundred and forty patients participated in the study. The prevalence of cognitive deficits was 75.7% using ACE-III scores, 19.3% on OSCARS, and 40% based on subjective reports. Though the majority (81.4%) of patients reported a medical explanatory model for cognitive impairment, a significant number of them (70.7%) also held non-medical models simultaneously. Conclusion Cognitive deficits are prevalent in the majority of patients with schizophrenia. Poor test performance on cognitive testing was observed in those with a significant family history. Multiple contradictory explanatory models for the causation of cognitive deficits were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chithra Uppinkudru
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Joseph Noel
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anju Kuruvilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Williams JC, Zheng ZJ, Tubiolo PN, Luceno JR, Gil RB, Girgis RR, Slifstein M, Abi-Dargham A, Van Snellenberg JX. Medial Prefrontal Cortex Dysfunction Mediates Working Memory Deficits in Patients With Schizophrenia. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:990-1002. [PMID: 37881571 PMCID: PMC10593895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia (SCZ) is marked by working memory (WM) deficits, which predict poor functional outcome. While most functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of WM in SCZ have focused on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), some recent work suggests that the medial PFC (mPFC) may play a role. We investigated whether task-evoked mPFC deactivation is associated with WM performance and whether it mediates deficits in SCZ. In addition, we investigated associations between mPFC deactivation and cortical dopamine release. Methods Patients with SCZ (n = 41) and healthy control participants (HCs) (n = 40) performed a visual object n-back task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Dopamine release capacity in mPFC was quantified with [11C]FLB457 in a subset of participants (9 SCZ, 14 HCs) using an amphetamine challenge. Correlations between task-evoked deactivation and performance were assessed in mPFC and dorsolateral PFC masks and were further examined for relationships with diagnosis and dopamine release. Results mPFC deactivation was associated with WM task performance, but dorsolateral PFC activation was not. Deactivation in the mPFC was reduced in patients with SCZ relative to HCs and mediated the relationship between diagnosis and WM performance. In addition, mPFC deactivation was significantly and inversely associated with dopamine release capacity across groups and in HCs alone, but not in patients. Conclusions Reduced WM task-evoked mPFC deactivation is a mediator of, and potential substrate for, WM impairment in SCZ, although our study design does not rule out the possibility that these findings could relate to cognition in general rather than WM specifically. We further present preliminary evidence of an inverse association between deactivation during WM tasks and dopamine release capacity in the mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Zu Jie Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Philip N. Tubiolo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jacob R. Luceno
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Roberto B. Gil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Ragy R. Girgis
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Mark Slifstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Jared X. Van Snellenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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Dalloul N, Moran EK, Gold JM, Carter CS, MacDonald AW, Ragland JD, Silverstein SM, Luck SJ, Barch DM. Transdiagnostic Predictors of Everyday Functioning: Examining the Relationships of Depression and Reinforcement Learning. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:1281-1293. [PMID: 37382553 PMCID: PMC10483466 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Impairments in function (ie, the ability to independently accomplish daily tasks) have been established in psychotic disorders. Identifying factors that contribute to these deficits is essential to developing effective interventions. The current study had several goals: examine potential differential relationships across domains of neurocognition, assess whether reinforcement learning is related to function, identify if predictors of function are transdiagnostic, determine whether depression and positive symptoms contribute to function, and to explore whether the modality of assessment impacts observed relationships. STUDY DESIGN Data from 274 participants were examined with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder (SZ; n = 195) and bipolar disorder (BD; n = 79). To reduce dimensionality, a PCA was completed on neurocognitive tasks which resulted in 3 components. These components and clinical interview data were used to investigate predictors of functional domains across measures of function (self- and informant-report SLOF and UPSA). RESULTS Two components, working memory/processing speed/episodic memory (βs = 0.18-0.42), and negative/positive reinforcement learning (β = -0.04), predicted different functional domains. Predictors of function were largely transdiagnostic with two exceptions: reinforcement learning had a positive association with self-reported interpersonal relationships for SZ and a negative association for BD (β = 0.34), and the negative association between positive symptoms and self-reported social acceptability was stronger for BD than for SZ (β = 0.93). Depression robustly predicted self-reported but not informant-reported function, and anhedonia predicted all domains of informant-reported function. CONCLUSIONS These findings imply that reinforcement learning may differentially relate to function across disorders, traditional domains of neurocognition can be effective transdiagnostic targets for interventions, and positive symptoms and depression play a critical role in self-perceived functional impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Dalloul
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erin K Moran
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - James M Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cameron S Carter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Angus W MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Daniel Ragland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Steven J Luck
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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40
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Willbrand EH, Jackson S, Chen S, Hathaway CB, Voorhies WI, Bunge SA, Weiner KS. Sulcal variability in anterior lateral prefrontal cortex contributes to variability in reasoning performance among young adults. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.528061. [PMID: 36798378 PMCID: PMC9934691 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Identifying structure-function correspondences is a major goal among biologists, cognitive neuroscientists, and brain mappers. Recent studies have identified relationships between performance on cognitive tasks and the presence or absence of small, shallow indentations, or sulci, of the human brain. Building on the previous finding that the presence of one such sulcus in the left anterior lateral prefrontal cortex (aLPFC) was related to reasoning task performance in children and adolescents, we tested whether this relationship extended to a different sample, age group, and reasoning task. As predicted, the presence of this aLPFC sulcus-the ventral para-intermediate frontal sulcus-was also associated with higher reasoning scores in young adults (ages 22-36). These findings have not only direct developmental, but also evolutionary relevance-as recent work shows that the pimfs-v is exceedingly rare in chimpanzees. Thus, the pimfs-v is a novel developmental, cognitive, and evolutionarily relevant feature that should be considered in future studies examining how the complex relationships among multiscale anatomical and functional features of the brain give rise to abstract thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan H. Willbrand
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI USA
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Samantha Jackson
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Szeshuen Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Willa I. Voorhies
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Silvia A. Bunge
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kevin S. Weiner
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Rao PS, Rangaswamy M, Evans J, Dutt A. Prospective memory in early and established psychosis: An Indian perspective. J Neuropsychol 2023; 17:461-476. [PMID: 37070648 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Individuals affected by psychosis often have deficits in several neurocognitive functions. Prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember to do things, is crucial for activities of daily living, social and occupational functioning, but very few studies have attempted to examine this domain of functioning in people with psychosis, particularly in India. A total of 71 patients with psychosis, (both early and established psychosis), and 140 age, gender and education-matched healthy controls were assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination. PM was assessed using the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). Group differences were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U-tests. Significantly greater cognitive deficits, higher anxiety and depression were evident in the psychosis group compared with controls. The psychosis group performed significantly poorer on both time- and event-based tests in CAMPROMPT than controls. These differences remained when controlling for age, education, general cognitive functioning and mood. The subjective measure of PM (PRMQ) did not differentiate the two groups. The PM performance of early and established psychosis patients was similar. Comparisons with cross-cultural data (PRMQ UK norms and CAMPROMPT and PRMQ Chinese data) revealed important differences in PM performance. Individuals with psychosis have significant deficits in both time- and event-based PM. CAMPROMPT emerged as a more sensitive PM measure compared with PRMQ. Results from cross-cultural comparisons underscore the need for cultural contextualization of assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulijala Sulakshana Rao
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
- Duttanagar Mental Health Centre, Kolkata, 700077, India
| | - Madhavi Rangaswamy
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Jonathan Evans
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anirban Dutt
- Department of Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
- Duttanagar Mental Health Centre, Kolkata, 700077, India
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Murlanova K, Pletnikov MV. Modeling psychotic disorders: Environment x environment interaction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 152:105310. [PMID: 37437753 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a major psychotic disorder with multifactorial etiology that includes interactions between genetic vulnerability and environmental risk factors. In addition, interplay of multiple environmental adversities affects neurodevelopment and may increase the individual risk of developing schizophrenia. Consistent with the two-hit hypothesis of schizophrenia, we review rodent models that combine maternal immune activation as the first hit with other adverse environmental exposures as the second hit. We discuss the strengths and pitfalls of the current animal models of environment x environment interplay and propose some future directions to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Murlanova
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Mikhail V Pletnikov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Xu F, Zhang H. The application of cognitive behavioral therapy in patients with schizophrenia: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34827. [PMID: 37565853 PMCID: PMC10419479 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to explore the clinical nursing application of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in patients with schizophrenia. A literature search was conducted using the CINAHL and MEDLINE databases. The database search occurred during the month of December 2022. This article comprehensively summarizes the theoretical basis of CBT in improving schizophrenia in clinical nursing, its application in managing symptoms and improving social function, as well as research progress in this field. There are still inconsistencies in the research results on CBT, but overall, psychological intervention combined with drug treatment is more effective than conventional treatment alone. If social function training can be added at the same time, it is believed that it will have better effects on clinical treatment and can maintain long-lasting effectiveness. Only in this way can patients truly understand and recognize the disease, improve treatment compliance, and ultimately achieve the goal of improving prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xu
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jin Hua, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- School of Humanities and International Education Exchange, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, HeFei, China
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44
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Marder SR, Umbricht D. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Newly emerging measurements, pathways, and treatments. Schizophr Res 2023; 258:71-77. [PMID: 37517366 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The negative symptoms of schizophrenia, which often appear earlier than any other symptom, are prominent and clinically relevant in the majority of patients. As a result, interest in their treatment has increased. Patients who exhibit significant negative symptoms have worse functional outcomes than those without, resulting in impairments in occupational, household, and recreational functioning, as well as difficulties in relationships. Yet treatment with currently available medications does not lead to any significant improvements in this core component of schizophrenia. An increased understanding of the pathophysiology underlying negative symptoms and the discovery of novel treatments that do not directly target dopamine offer the potential to develop therapies that may reduce negative symptoms and increase quality of life for patients. The current article will discuss the impact of negative symptoms, outline current measurement tools for the assessment of negative symptoms, and examine how these measures may be improved. Insights into the neural circuitry underlying negative symptoms will be discussed, and promising targets for the development of effective treatments for these symptoms will be identified. As more prospective, large-scale, randomized studies focus on the effects of treatments on negative symptoms, progress in this area is foreseeable. However, improvements in clinical assessment instruments, a better understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms, development of novel treatments with varied targets, and a greater focus on personalized treatment are all important to produce significant benefits for patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Marder
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Veterans Affairs Desert Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
| | - Daniel Umbricht
- Xperimed LLC, Basel, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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45
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Vivas AB, Hussain-Showaiter SM, Overton PG. Schizophrenia decreases guilt and increases self-disgust: Potential role of altered executive function. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023; 30:447-457. [PMID: 34348524 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1956497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of how the more complex self-conscious emotions (SCEs) are affected in schizophrenia is sparse. SCEs, unlike basic emotions, involve sophisticated frontal-lobe-related cognition, impairment of which characterizes the neurocognitive profile of schizophrenia. We investigated, in a cross-sectional study, whether SCEs (shame, guilt and self-disgust) are affected in schizophrenia, and the relationship between changes in SCEs and executive (dys)function. Twenty-nine Greek and thirty Arabic patients with schizophrenia were recruited alongside twenty-two Greek and thirty Arabic matched controls. Participants were administered the Self-Disgust Scale (TOSCA for shame and guilt was also administered to the Greek sample), and the Trail Making and Verbal Fluency Tests to measure executive function (EF). Trait levels of self-disgust and guilt were found to be higher and lower, respectively, in patients with schizophrenia relative to control participants; and poorer EF was related with higher trait levels of SD, but lower trait levels of guilt. The pattern of findings was largely unaffected when controlling for anxiety and depression. Given that altered levels of SCEs are closely related to poorer EF, we suggest that the link between EF and emotion regulation, widely established in basic emotions but under-studied in SCEs, may explain the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Vivas
- Psychology Department, CITY College, The University of Sheffield International Faculty, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Shaima M Hussain-Showaiter
- Psychology Department, CITY College, The University of Sheffield International Faculty, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul G Overton
- Psychology Department, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Martínez-Cao C, García-Fernández A, González-Blanco L, Zurrón-Madera P, Sáiz PA, García-Portilla MP, Bobes J. What factors should we modify to promote high functioning and prevent functional decline in people with schizophrenia? Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1181758. [PMID: 37333927 PMCID: PMC10272392 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since research in schizophrenia mainly focuses on deficits and risk factors, we need studies searching for high-functioning protective factors. Thus, our objective was to identify protective (PFs) and risk factors (RFs) separately associated with high (HF) and low functioning (LF) in patients with schizophrenia. Methods We collected information (sociodemographic, clinical, psychopathological, cognitive, and functional) from 212 outpatients with schizophrenia. Patients were classified according to their functional level (PSP) as HF (PSP > 70, n = 30) and LF (PSP ≤ 50, n = 95). Statistical analysis consisted of Chi-square test, Student's t-test, and logistic regression. Results HF model: variance explained: 38.4-68.8%; PF: years of education (OR = 1.227). RFs: receiving a mental disability benefit (OR = 0.062) and scores on positive (OR = 0.719), negative-expression (OR = 0.711), and negative-experiential symptoms (OR = 0.822), and verbal learning (OR = 0.866). LF model: variance explained: 42.0-56.2%; PF: none; RFs: not working (OR = 6.900), number of antipsychotics (OR = 1.910), and scores on depressive (OR = 1.212) and negative-experiential symptoms (OR = 1.167). Conclusion We identified specific protective and risk factors for high and low functioning in patients with schizophrenia and confirmed that high functioning factors are not necessarily the opposite of those associated with low functioning. Only negative experiential symptoms are a shared and inverse factor for high and low functioning. Mental health teams must be aware of protective and risk factors and try to enhance or reduce them, respectively, to help their patients improve or maintain their level of functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Martínez-Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ainoa García-Fernández
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Leticia González-Blanco
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Zurrón-Madera
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pilar A. Sáiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Paz García-Portilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Irak M, Karahan A. Investigating False Memory and Illusory Pattern Perception Bias in Schizophrenia Patients with and without Delusions. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 47:1-12. [PMID: 37363747 PMCID: PMC10212733 DOI: 10.1007/s10608-023-10393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Whether the false memory dysfunction in schizophrenia is at the early (encoding, perceptual) or later (retrieval) stages and how delusions affect it remains unclear. Method In this study, we examined the perception and memory biases in schizophrenia patients with (Sch/D; n = 31) and without delusions (Sch/Nd; n = 32) and compared them with healthy controls (HCs; n = 35). We used the Deese Roediger McDermott (DRM) Paradigm and the Noise Task to measure the false memory and illusory pattern perception (IPP) biases, respectively. Results We found that the patient groups performed lower in both the recall and recognition phases for the DRM and the Noise tasks and made more errors compared to the HC group. Additionally, the performance of the Sch/D group was remarkably lower than the Sch/Nd and HC groups. Conclusions Our results indicated that the information-processing problem in schizophrenia exists in both the encoding and retrieval stages. Also found significant relationship between the presence of delusions and the increase in cognitive deficits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-023-10393-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metehan Irak
- Department of Psychology, Brain and Cognition Research Laboratory, Bahcesehir University, Çırağan Cad. No:4 Beşiktaş, Istanbul, 34353 Turkey
| | - Ayşen Karahan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Istanbul Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital Dr. Sadık Ahmet Cad. Bağcılar, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
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Vera-Montecinos A, Galiano-Landeira J, Roldán M, Vidal-Domènech F, Claro E, Ramos B. A Novel Localization of METTL7A in Bergmann Glial Cells in Human Cerebellum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098405. [PMID: 37176112 PMCID: PMC10179429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A) is a member of the METTL family of methyltransferases.Little information is available regarding the cellular expression of METTL7A in the brain. METTL7A is commonly located in the endoplasmic reticulum and to a lesser extent, in the lipid droplets of some cells. Several studies have reported altered protein and RNA levels in different brain areas in schizophrenia. One of these studies found reduced protein levels of METTL7A in the cerebellar cortex in schizophrenia and stress murine models. Since there is limited information in the literature about METTL7A, we characterized its cellular and subcellular localizations in the human cerebellum using immunohistochemical analysis with laser confocal microscopy. Our study reveals a novel METTL7A localization in GFAP-positive cells, with higher expression in the end-feet of the Bergmann glia, which participate in the cerebrospinal fluid-brain parenchyma barrier. Further 3D reconstruction image analysis showed that METTL7A was expressed in the contacts between the Bergmann glia and Purkinje neurons. METTL7A was also detected in lipid droplets in some cells in the white matter. The localization of METTL7A in the human cerebellar glia limitans could suggest a putative role in maintaining the cerebellar parenchyma homeostasis and in the regulation of internal cerebellar circuits by modulating the synaptic activity of Purkinje neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- América Vera-Montecinos
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jordi Galiano-Landeira
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mònica Roldán
- Unitat de Microscòpia Confocal i Imatge Cel·lular, Servei de Medicina Genètica i Molecular, Institut Pediàtric de Malalties Rares (IPER), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Vidal-Domènech
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Enrique Claro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Belén Ramos
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
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Huang LC, Lin SH, Tseng HH, Chen KC, Abdullah M, Yang YK. Altered glutamate level and its association with working memory among patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS): a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:3220-3227. [PMID: 35197141 PMCID: PMC10244010 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172100533x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and non-TRS may be associated with different dopaminergic and glutamatergic regulations. The concept of dysregulated glutamatergic concentrations in specific brain regions remains controversial. Herein, we aimed to assess (i) the distribution of the glutamatergic concentration in the brain, (ii) the association between working memory (WM) differences in TRS and non-TRS patients, and (iii) whether an alteration in the glutamate (Glu) level is associated with WM. METHODS The participants included 38 TRS patients, 35 non-TRS patients, and 19 healthy controls (HCs), all of whom underwent 1.5-Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). The ratios of glutamatergic neurometabolites to N-acetylaspartate + N-acetyl aspartylglutamate (NAAx) were calculated. Cognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales, 4th Edition, which included the working memory index (WMI). RESULT The TRS patients had a higher glutamate + glutamine (Glx)/NAAx ratio compared to the non-TRS patients and HCs in the ACC, but this was not significantly different in the MPFC. WM was negatively correlated with Glx/NAAx in the ACC among the non-TRS patients, but not in the TRS patients or HCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings were consistent with most studies indicating that the glutamatergic concentration in the ACC plays important roles in the classification of TRS and cognition. Our results may provide potential evidence for predictors and treatment response biomarkers in TRS patients. Further research is needed to probe the value using the relationship between Glu and WM as a potential prognostic predictor of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chung Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chia-Yi Branch, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
- Department of Counseling, National Chia-Yi University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kao Chin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
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50
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Hua JPY, Cummings J, Roach BJ, Fryer SL, Loewy RL, Stuart BK, Ford JM, Vinogradov S, Mathalon DH. Rich-club connectivity and structural connectome organization in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis and individuals with early illness schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2023; 255:110-121. [PMID: 36989668 PMCID: PMC10705845 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Brain dysconnectivity has been posited as a biological marker of schizophrenia. Emerging schizophrenia connectome research has focused on rich-club organization, a tendency for brain hubs to be highly-interconnected but disproportionately vulnerable to dysconnectivity. However, less is known about rich-club organization in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and how it compares with abnormalities early in schizophrenia (ESZ). Combining diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we examined rich-club and global network organization in CHR-P (n = 41) and ESZ (n = 70) relative to healthy controls (HC; n = 74) after accounting for normal aging. To characterize rich-club regions, we examined rich-club MRI morphometry (thickness, surface area). We also examined connectome metric associations with symptom severity, antipsychotic dosage, and in CHR-P specifically, transition to a full-blown psychotic disorder. ESZ had fewer connections among rich-club regions (ps < .024) relative to HC and CHR-P, with this reduction specific to the rich-club even after accounting for other connections in ESZ relative to HC (ps < .048). There was also cortical thinning of rich-club regions in ESZ (ps < .013). In contrast, there was no strong evidence of global network organization differences among the three groups. Although connectome abnormalities were not present in CHR-P overall, CHR-P converters to psychosis (n = 9) had fewer connections among rich-club regions (ps < .037) and greater modularity (ps < .037) compared to CHR-P non-converters (n = 19). Lastly, symptom severity and antipsychotic dosage were not significantly associated with connectome metrics (ps < .012). Findings suggest that rich-club and connectome organization abnormalities are present early in schizophrenia and in CHR-P individuals who subsequently transition to psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Y Hua
- Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, San Francisco VA Medical Center and the University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jennifer Cummings
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Brian J Roach
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Susanna L Fryer
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Rachel L Loewy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Barbara K Stuart
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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