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Ishimoto AK, Shah AA. Screening and early treatment for osteoporosis: Who are we missing under age 65? Maturitas 2024; 187:108044. [PMID: 38885594 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
For women under age 65, varying recommendations and the need to apply clinical risk calculators can lead to underscreening for osteoporosis. The resulting undertreatment may lead to a risk of osteoporotic fractures with significant morbidity and impact on functional status. Factors that must be considered when deciding to screen a woman under age 65 include a history of fragility fractures, race, family history, body mass index, smoking, high alcohol use, and secondary causes of osteoporosis. Secondary causes of osteoporosis are much more common in younger women. These include common conditions such as glucocorticoid use, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, anticonvulsant use, rheumatoid arthritis, malabsorption, and a history of anorexia nervosa. The reasons why these conditions confer an increased risk of osteoporosis are discussed. Recommendations are provided for the clinician to be aware of when screening women under age 65 for osteoporosis and initiating treatment when indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa K Ishimoto
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States of America.
| | - Amit A Shah
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Community Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, United States of America.
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Xia M, Zhou Q. Correlation between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and Parkinson's disease. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:162-167. [PMID: 38318343 PMCID: PMC10839133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations than controls. Other studies have not yet tested whether research findings from other regions are generalizable to Chinese populations. In this case-control study, we examined the correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Parkinson's disease. Methods We established an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency and PD in a case-control study of 100 PD patients and 100 control subjects free of neurological disease at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Results Total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were deficient in 21 % of patients with PD compared with 4 % of controls. In univariate analyses, plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were associated with PD (p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with PD (p = 0.008, Odds Ratio =17.13, 95 % CI= 2.082-141.075). Individuals with 25(OH)D levels in the lowest quartile had the highest prevalence of PD (p = 0.026, OR=11.786, 95 % CI =1.342-103.51 compared to individuals with values in the highest quartile). Conclusions Our study reveals an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PD. Patients with incident PD had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations than age-matched controls. High-risk PD patients with vitamin D deficiency who have not yet developed exercise impairment should undergo vitamin D measurement and any necessary treatment as soon as possible. Limitations of the study: the study needs further assessment of populations with low vitamin D levels in other regions of China; further assessment of the effect of different sources of vitamin D on PD; further study of longitudinal cohorts at different time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Qingjiu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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Wimalawansa SJ. Physiology of Vitamin D-Focusing on Disease Prevention. Nutrients 2024; 16:1666. [PMID: 38892599 PMCID: PMC11174958 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a crucial micronutrient, critical to human health, and influences many physiological processes. Oral and skin-derived vitamin D is hydroxylated to form calcifediol (25(OH)D) in the liver, then to 1,25(OH)2D (calcitriol) in the kidney. Alongside the parathyroid hormone, calcitriol regulates neuro-musculoskeletal activities by tightly controlling blood-ionized calcium concentrations through intestinal calcium absorption, renal tubular reabsorption, and skeletal mineralization. Beyond its classical roles, evidence underscores the impact of vitamin D on the prevention and reduction of the severity of diverse conditions such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, autoimmune disorders, infection, and cancer. Peripheral target cells, like immune cells, obtain vitamin D and 25(OH)D through concentration-dependent diffusion from the circulation. Calcitriol is synthesized intracellularly in these cells from these precursors, which is crucial for their protective physiological actions. Its deficiency exacerbates inflammation, oxidative stress, and increased susceptibility to metabolic disorders and infections; deficiency also causes premature deaths. Thus, maintaining optimal serum levels above 40 ng/mL is vital for health and disease prevention. However, achieving it requires several times more than the government's recommended vitamin D doses. Despite extensive published research, recommended daily intake and therapeutic serum 25(OH)D concentrations have lagged and are outdated, preventing people from benefiting. Evidence suggests that maintaining the 25(OH)D concentrations above 40 ng/mL with a range of 40-80 ng/mL in the population is optimal for disease prevention and reducing morbidities and mortality without adverse effects. The recommendation for individuals is to maintain serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 50 ng/mL (125 nmol/L) for optimal clinical outcomes. Insights from metabolomics, transcriptomics, and epigenetics offer promise for better clinical outcomes from vitamin D sufficiency. Given its broader positive impact on human health with minimal cost and little adverse effects, proactively integrating vitamin D assessment and supplementation into clinical practice promises significant benefits, including reduced healthcare costs. This review synthesized recent novel findings related to the physiology of vitamin D that have significant implications for disease prevention.
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Ali M, Kim YS. A comprehensive review and advanced biomolecule-based therapies for osteoporosis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00215-7. [PMID: 38810908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) on a global scale is significantly elevated that causes life threatening issues. The potential of groundbreaking biomolecular therapeutics in the field of OP is highly encouraging. The administration of biomolecular agents has the potential to mitigate the process of bone demineralization while concurrently augmenting the regenerative capacity of bone tissue, thereby facilitating a personalized therapeutic approach. Biomolecules-based therapies showed promising results in term of bone mass protection and restoration in OP. AIM OF REVIEW We summarized the recent biomolecular therapies with notable progress in clinical, demonstrating the potential to transform illness management. These treatments frequently utilize different biomolecule based strategies. Biomolecular therapeutics has a targeted character, which results in heightened specificity and less off-target effects, ultimately leading to increased patient outcomes. These aspects have the capacity to greatly enhance the management of OP, thus resulting in a major enhancement in the quality of life encountered by individuals affected by this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqsood Ali
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sik Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31151, Republic of Korea.
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Khasawneh RR, Al-Soudi HS, Abu-El-Rub E, Alzu'bi A, Al-Zoubi RM. The potential protective role of vitamin D and calcium supplements in reducing cardiovascular disease risk among elderly patients with osteopenia. Ir J Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11845-024-03709-2. [PMID: 38740674 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease and low bone mineral density are major health problems in the elderly. These two conditions are considered independent of each other and age-related diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between low bone mineral density (BMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidents, and the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplement on the incidence of CVD in patients with low BMD. METHODS A total of 1047 patients (597 females/450 males) with the age of 65 years and more were diagnosed with osteopenia for 13 years or more. The study also included 220 patients (107 females/113 males) with osteopenia who already took calcium and vitamin D continually since their diagnosis. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The incidence of any cardiovascular diseases in the study patients and the presence of corresponding risk factors were collected and analyzed. RESULTS In both elderly Arab females and males, there was an association between total hip and femoral neck BMD and the possibility to have CVD. On the other hand, the results showed that patients who use calcium and vitamin D supplements showed a significant reduction in the incidence of CVD comparing to the non-treated patients. CONCLUSION Low total hip and femoral neck BMD were associated with a higher chance to have CVD incidents in both elderly Arab males and females; moreover, calcium and vitamin D supplements have a possible protective role in reducing cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with osteopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramada R Khasawneh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 211-63, Jordan
| | - Hana S Al-Soudi
- Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Medical Center, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ejlal Abu-El-Rub
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 211-63, Jordan
| | - Ayman Alzu'bi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 211-63, Jordan
| | - Raed M Al-Zoubi
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation & Men's Health, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, QU-Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Goudarzi F, Kiani A, Nami Y, Shahmohammadi A, Mohammadalipour A, Karami A, Haghshenas B. Potential probiotic Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis KUMS-Y33 suppresses adipogenesis and promotes osteogenesis in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9689. [PMID: 38678043 PMCID: PMC11055903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, probiotics are considered to be living microorganisms whose consumption has a certain number of beneficial effects on the consumer. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a new probiotic extract (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis KUMS Y33) on the differentiation process of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) into adipocytes and osteocytes and, as a result, clarify its role in the prevention and treatment of bone age disease. Several bacteria were isolated from traditional yogurt. They were evaluated to characterize the probiotic's activity. Then, the isolated hADSCs were treated with the probiotic extract, and then osteogenesis and adipogenesis were induced. To evaluate the differentiation process, oil red O and alizarin red staining, a triglyceride content assay, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, as well as real-time PCR and western blot analysis of osteocyte- and adipocyte-specific genes, were performed. Ultimately, the new strain was sequenced and registered on NBCI. In the probiotic-treated group, the triglyceride content and the gene expression and protein levels of C/EBP-α and PPAR-γ2 (adipocyte-specific markers) were significantly decreased compared to the control group (P < 0.05), indicating an inhibited adipogenesis process. Furthermore, the probiotic extract caused a significant increase in the ALP activity, the expression levels of RUNX2 and osteocalcin, and the protein levels of collagen I and FGF-23 (osteocyte-specific markers) in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05), indicating an enhanced osteogenesis process. According to the results of the present study, the probiotic extract inhibits adipogenesis and significantly increases osteogenesis, suggesting a positive role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and opening a new aspect for future in-vivo study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farjam Goudarzi
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Kiani
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yousef Nami
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Branch for Northwest and West Region, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azin Shahmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Adel Mohammadalipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Afshin Karami
- Departments of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Haghshenas
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Khan S, Mosvi SN, Vohra S, Poddar NK. Implication of calcium supplementations in health and diseases with special focus on colorectal cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38456354 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2322565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Calcium is a fundamental and integrative element and helps to ensure optimal health by regulating various physiological and pathological processes. While there is substantiated evidence confirming the beneficial effects of calcium in the treatment, management, and prevention of various health conditions, including cancer, conflicting studies are imperative to acknowledge the potential negative role of calcium supplementation. The studies on calcium supplementation showed that a specific dose can help in the maintenance of good human health, and in the control of different types of diseases, including cancer. Calcium alone and when combined with vitamin D, emerges as a promising therapeutic option for efficiently managing cancer growth, when used with chemotherapy. Combination therapy is considered a more effective approach for treating advanced types of colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, several challenges drastically influence the treatment of cancer, such as individual discrepancy, drug resistance, and stage of cancer, among others. Henceforth, novel preventive, reliable therapeutic modalities are essential to control and reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a pivotal role in calcium homeostasis, metabolism, and regulation of oncogenesis. Numerous studies have underscored the potential of CaSR, a G protein-coupled receptor, as a potential biomarker and target for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment. The multifaceted involvement of CaSR in anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic processes paves the way for its utilization in the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer. The current review highlights the important role of supplemental calcium in overall health and disease, along with the exploration of intricate mechanisms of CaSR pathways in the management and prevention of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Indian Institute of Health and Technology (IIHT), Deoband, Saharanpur, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Needa Mosvi
- Department of Biosciences, Shri Ram Group of College (SRGC), Muzaffarnagar, India
| | - Saeed Vohra
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Vatanparast H, Lane G, Islam N, Patil RP, Shafiee M, Whiting SJ. Comparative Analysis of Dietary and Supplemental Intake of Calcium and Vitamin D among Canadian Older Adults with Heart Disease and/or Osteoporosis in 2004 and 2015. Nutrients 2023; 15:5066. [PMID: 38140325 PMCID: PMC10745417 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the role of calcium and vitamin D in osteoporosis and heart disease, little research has examined changes in the intake of calcium and vitamin D among individuals with these conditions over time. Using data from the 2004 and 2015 Canadian Community Health Surveys, we investigated changes in dietary and supplemental intake of calcium and vitamin D among Canadian older adults aged ≥ 50 years, both with and without heart disease and/or osteoporosis, between 2004 and 2015. Notable declines in dietary calcium intake occurred, particularly among non-supplement users. Surprisingly, individuals with osteoporosis and heart disease, who are at higher nutritional risk, were less likely to use calcium supplements in 2015 compared to 2004. Among calcium supplement users, those with osteoporosis or both conditions experienced significant reductions in their usual calcium intake in 2015, with an increased proportion failing to meet recommended intake levels. Conversely, vitamin D supplement users experienced a substantial rise in vitamin D intake in 2015. In 2015, only a small proportion of supplement users did not meet the recommended vitamin D intake levels. These findings underscore the importance of public health initiatives to facilitate safe increases in calcium and vitamin D intake for older adults, particularly those with heart disease and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Vatanparast
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada; (N.I.); (R.P.P.); (M.S.); (S.J.W.)
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada
| | - Ginny Lane
- Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA;
| | - Naorin Islam
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada; (N.I.); (R.P.P.); (M.S.); (S.J.W.)
| | - Rashmi Prakash Patil
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada; (N.I.); (R.P.P.); (M.S.); (S.J.W.)
| | - Mojtaba Shafiee
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada; (N.I.); (R.P.P.); (M.S.); (S.J.W.)
| | - Susan J. Whiting
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4Z2, Canada; (N.I.); (R.P.P.); (M.S.); (S.J.W.)
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Yuan M, Hu FB, Li Y, Cabral HJ, Das SK, Deeney JT, Zhou X, Paik JM, Moore LL. Types of dairy foods and risk of fragility fracture in the prospective Nurses' Health Study cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:1172-1181. [PMID: 37777015 PMCID: PMC10797505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragility fractures present enormous health challenges for women. Dairy products provide many bone-beneficial nutrients, such as calcium and vitamin D. Individual dairy foods may exert different effects on bone health. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between total dairy, yogurt, milk, and cheese and fragility fracture risk among females in the prospective Nurses' Health Study (NHS) conducted in the United States. METHODS In the current analysis, 103,003 females with mean age of 48 y were followed from 1980-2004. Proportional hazards models were used to estimate risk of first fracture (of the wrist, hip, or vertebrae) by intakes of dairy foods (total dairy, milk, yogurt, or cheese) obtained from a food frequency questionnaire. Fractures that were caused by high-trauma events were not included. We relied on self-reported data for wrist and hip fractures whereas for vertebral fractures, medical records were used to confirm cases. RESULTS A total of 5495 incident fracture cases were documented during follow-up. After controlling for relevant confounding variables, consumption of ≥2 servings/d of total dairy (compared with <1 serving/d) was associated with lower fracture risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61, 0.89). More than 2 servings of milk per day (compared with <1 serving/d) were associated with a lower fracture risk (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.94). Intakes of calcium, vitamin D, and protein from nondairy sources did not modify the effects of total dairy or milk on fracture risk. There was no association between yogurt intake and fracture risk. Intake of cheese (≥1 servings/d compared with <1 serving/wk) was weakly associated with lower fracture risk (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.99). CONCLUSIONS Higher total dairy, milk, and cheese intakes are associated with lower risks of fracture in females in the NHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Howard J Cabral
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Energy Metabolism, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jude T Deeney
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition & Weight Management, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Julie M Paik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lynn L Moore
- Department of Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
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Bell V, Rodrigues AR, Antoniadou M, Peponis M, Varzakas T, Fernandes T. An Update on Drug-Nutrient Interactions and Dental Decay in Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:4900. [PMID: 38068758 PMCID: PMC10708094 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the global demographic landscape has undergone a discernible shift that has been characterised by a progressive increase in the proportion of elderly individuals, indicative of an enduring global inclination toward extended lifespans. The aging process, accompanied by physiological changes and dietary patterns, contributes to detrimental deviations in micronutrient consumption. This vulnerable aging population faces heightened risks, including dental caries, due to structural and functional modifications resulting from insufficient nutritional sustenance. Factors such as physiological changes, inadequate nutrition, and the prevalence of multiple chronic pathologies leading to polypharmacy contribute to the challenge of maintaining an optimal nutritional status. This scenario increases the likelihood of drug interactions, both between medications and with nutrients and the microbiome, triggering complications such as dental decay and other pathologies. Since the drug industry is evolving and new types of food, supplements, and nutrients are being designed, there is a need for further research on the mechanisms by which drugs interfere with certain nutrients that affect homeostasis, exemplified by the prevalence of caries in the mouths of older adults. Infectious diseases, among them dental caries, exert serious impacts on the health and overall quality of life of the elderly demographic. This comprehensive review endeavours to elucidate the intricate interplay among drugs, nutrients, the microbiome, and the oral cavity environment, with the overarching objective of mitigating the potential hazards posed to both the general health and dental well-being of older adults. By scrutinising and optimising these multifaceted interactions, this examination aims to proactively minimise the susceptibility of the elderly population to a spectrum of health-related issues and the consequences associated with dental decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bell
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (V.B.)
| | - Ana Rita Rodrigues
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (V.B.)
| | - Maria Antoniadou
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15772 Athens, Greece; (M.A.); (M.P.)
- CSAP Executive Mastering Program in Systemic Management, University of Piraeus, GR-18534 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Marios Peponis
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15772 Athens, Greece; (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, GR-22100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Tito Fernandes
- CIISA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
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Li Y, Zhao P, Jiang B, Liu K, Zhang L, Wang H, Tian Y, Li K, Liu G. Modulation of the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor system in osteoporosis pathogenesis: insights and therapeutic approaches. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:860. [PMID: 37957749 PMCID: PMC10644527 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and deteriorated bone microarchitecture, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Vitamin D (VD), an essential nutrient for skeletal health, plays a vital role in maintaining bone homeostasis. The biological effects of VD are primarily mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a nuclear receptor that regulates the transcription of target genes involved in calcium and phosphate metabolism, bone mineralization, and bone remodeling. In this review article, we conduct a thorough literature search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases, spanning from January 2000 to September 2023. Utilizing the keywords "vitamin D," "vitamin D receptor," "osteoporosis," and "therapy," we aim to provide an exhaustive overview of the role of the VD/VDR system in osteoporosis pathogenesis, highlighting the most recent findings in this field. We explore the molecular mechanisms underlying VDR's effects on bone cells, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and discuss the impact of VDR polymorphisms on BMD and fracture risk. Additionally, we examine the interplay between VDR and other factors, such as hormonal regulation, genetic variants, and epigenetic modifications, that contribute to osteoporosis susceptibility. The therapeutic implications of targeting the VDR pathway for osteoporosis management are also discussed. By bringing together these diverse aspects, this review enhances our understanding of the VD/VDR system's critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and highlights its significance as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Li
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China
| | - Biyun Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China
| | - Kangyong Liu
- Biotecnovo (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Building 12, Yard 20, Guangde Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Biotecnovo (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Building 12, Yard 20, Guangde Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- Clinical School of Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, China
| | - Yansheng Tian
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Kun Li
- No.1 Department of Orthopedics, Langfang People's Hospital, No 37, Xinhua Rd, Langfang, 065000, Heibei, China.
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Biotecnovo (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Building 12, Yard 20, Guangde Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100176, China.
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12
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Kumar SE, Cherian KE, Paul TV, Goel A. Caring for the Bone Health Among Liver Transplant Recipients. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:1130-1139. [PMID: 37975037 PMCID: PMC10643275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplant outcomes have improved over the years, and currently, the quality of life and long-term well-being of these patients needs to be improved. Improving bone health goes a long way toward achieving this objective. Poor bone health (osteopenia and osteoporosis) although prevalent, is often overlooked owing to its asymptomatic nature. It can be complicated by debilitating fracture affecting quality of life. It is recommended to assess and optimize bone health prior to liver transplant. Multiple factors contribute to poor bone health in a liver transplant recipient and it is vital to understand and ameliorate these. A careful and targeted approach with inputs from multidisciplinary team involving transplant physician, endocrinologist, occupational therapist, nutritionist, and nursing personnel may often be required. In this review, we aim to concisely discuss the various aspects related to prevalence, pathophysiology, evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of bone disease among liver transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh E. Kumar
- Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kripa E. Cherian
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas V. Paul
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashish Goel
- Department of Hepatology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sharma N, Reche A. Unraveling the Relationship Between Osteoporosis, Treatment Modalities, and Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49399. [PMID: 38146583 PMCID: PMC10749737 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review delves into the intricate interplay between osteoporosis, its treatment approaches, and oral health. The examination underscores the substantial impact of osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone density, on various oral health parameters such as periodontal health, tooth loss, and jawbone density. While pharmacological interventions, including bisphosphonates and hormone replacement therapy, play a crucial role in managing osteoporosis, they necessitate careful consideration, particularly about the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw. A comprehensive approach involving collaboration between dentists and healthcare providers is imperative for holistic patient care. Implementing screening protocols for osteoporosis in dental settings and meticulously planning dental procedures for patients undergoing osteoporosis treatments are vital aspects of clinical practice. This review also sheds light on emerging trends in osteoporosis research, such as the influence of genetic factors and the microbiome, emphasizing the necessity for innovative treatment modalities. In conclusion, the review provides valuable insights into the nuanced connections between osteoporosis and oral health, thereby laying a foundation for informed clinical practices and guiding future research initiatives. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of optimizing dental procedures and assessing long-term oral health outcomes as critical avenues for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Sharma
- Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amit Reche
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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14
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Ibrahim MO, Kolleri A, Ginawi A. The Use of Bone Density Scan in Monitoring Treatment Response in Patients Diagnosed with Osteoporosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Rheumatol 2023; 2023:2160346. [PMID: 37908491 PMCID: PMC10615580 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2160346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized as a metabolic bone disease defined by low bone mineral density (BMD) and bone tissue degeneration, particularly a reduction in the number of trabeculae and a drop in cortical bone thickness, and a rise in porosity, which is mainly due to an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. As a result, it increases bone fragility, and the susceptibility to fracture increases, especially among the elderly. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan in monitoring the response to osteoporosis treatment and compare the scan's response to different osteoporosis treatments. This retrospective cohort study included 51 adults selected from 300 patients diagnosed with osteoporosis based on World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria of a T-score of -2.5. Data were acquired from the electronic medical records between 2016 and 2019 from a private hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study included sociodemographic characteristics, biomedical parameters, comorbidities, history of fracture, medications, laboratory, and DXA scan results. Ninety-four percent of the patients were females; the mean (±SD) age was 58.1 ± 11.5 years. Most patients were expatriates (84.3%), of which Asian ethnicity was 66.7%. The mean (±SD) duration of osteoporosis was 2.82 ± 1.8 years. Eleven (21.6%) patients had a history of fragility fracture. Ninety-six percent of the patients had vitamin D deficiency. One-third (29.4%) of the patients had hyperparathyroidism. Alendronate/cholecalciferol, received by nine patients (17.6%), showed a significant improvement (p = 0.018) in the BMD of the femoral neck among the study group. In conclusion, the DXA scan as a monitoring tool has shown a significant improvement in the BMD of the femoral neck among patients taking alendronate/cholecalciferol treatment compared to other medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed O. Ibrahim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Ahmad Kolleri
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Amel Ginawi
- Department of Rheumatology, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai, UAE
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15
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Shah M, Poojari M, Nadig P, Kakkad D, Dutta SB, Sinha S, Chowdhury K, Dagli N, Haque M, Kumar S. Vitamin D and Periodontal Health: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e47773. [PMID: 37899906 PMCID: PMC10612541 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in maintaining gum well-being is crucial. However, scientific research reported that the connotations of cholecalciferol and periodontal health have been divested in the present literature. However, there is enormous heterogeneity in the data available. The current review aims to systematically review and appraise the available literature investigating the role of vitamin D in maintaining periodontal health. Studies included randomized controlled trials and clinical trials following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and cohort studies reporting associations between vitamin D and oral health in systemically healthy patients. Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, and other sources, including hand search, were searched until May 2023 using together-equipped search sequences. Altogether, scientific articles that conform to the inclusion principles underwent a thorough eminence evaluation. All papers meeting inclusion criteria were subject to quality assessment, and the method used to assess the risk of bias was the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The search identified 1883 papers, among which 1435 were excluded after title evaluation. After abstract and title screening, 455 were excluded, and six full texts were assessed. After full-text evaluation, two articles were excluded, and only four were included. The data shows vitamin D's association with oral health maintenance. Along with its action on bone metabolism, it has extended function, which provides for its action as an anti-inflammatory agent and production of anti-microbial peptides, which help maintain oral health. Although the literature available is immense, there is enormous heterogenicity in the papers conducted to appraise the association between vitamin D and oral health. This systematic review has filtered all the data to review a few essential aspects of the role of vitamin D in maintaining oral physiology. Vitamin D has a linear relationship with periodontal health; however, the evidence is insufficient, and further studies must be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monali Shah
- Periodontology, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, IND
| | - Megha Poojari
- Periodontology, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, IND
| | - Prasad Nadig
- Periodontology, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, IND
| | - Dinta Kakkad
- Public Health Dentistry, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, IND
| | | | - Susmita Sinha
- Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, BGD
| | - Kona Chowdhury
- Pediatrics, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Namrata Dagli
- Dental Research, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Research, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
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16
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Fouhy LE, Mangano KM, Zhang X, Hughes BD, Tucker KL, Noel SE. Association between a Calcium-to-Magnesium Ratio and Osteoporosis among Puerto Rican Adults. J Nutr 2023; 153:2642-2650. [PMID: 37164266 PMCID: PMC10550845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ratio of calcium-to-magnesium intake (Ca:Mg) may be important for bone due to their competitive absorption. The Ca:Mg ratio has been related to health outcomes, but few studies have related it to bone. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this analysis was to examine associations between the Ca:Mg intake with bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis among Puerto Rican adults. METHODS Adults, aged 47-79 y, from the Boston Puerto Rican Osteoporosis Study, with complete BMD and dietary data (n = 955) were included. BMD was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and diet by a food frequency questionnaire. Calcium and magnesium intakes from food were energy adjusted, and the Ca:Mg was calculated. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were utilized for testing associations between Ca:Mg and bone outcomes. RESULTS Calcium intake was greater in the highest compared with lowest tertile, whereas magnesium intake was similar across tertiles. Mean BMD at hip sites was higher in the middle, compared with the lowest, tertile. Higher odds of osteoporosis were observed for the highest and lowest tertiles, compared with the middle tertile, after adjustment (T3 compared with T2 OR: 2.79; 95% CI: 1.47, 5.3; T1 compared with T2 OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.92). Repeated analyses without supplement users (n = 432) led to stronger differences and ORs, but lost significance for some comparisons. CONCLUSIONS Dietary calcium and magnesium are important for bone, perhaps not independently. The Ca:Mg intake ratio appeared most protective within a range of 2.2-3.2, suggesting that a balance of these nutrients may be considered in recommendations for osteoporosis..
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam E Fouhy
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States; The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Kelsey M Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States; The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Bess Dawson Hughes
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States; The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - Sabrina E Noel
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States; The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States.
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17
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Brecht P, Dring JC, Yanez F, Styczeń A, Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Grywalska E. How Do Minerals, Vitamins, and Intestinal Microbiota Affect the Development and Progression of Heart Disease in Adult and Pediatric Patients? Nutrients 2023; 15:3264. [PMID: 37513682 PMCID: PMC10384570 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, far ahead of cancer. Epidemiological data emphasize the participation of many risk factors that increase the incidence of CVDs, including genetic factors, age, and sex, but also lifestyle, mainly nutritional irregularities and, connected with them, overweight and obesity, as well as metabolic diseases. Despite the importance of cardiovascular problems in the whole society, the principles of prevention of CVDs are not widely disseminated, especially among the youngest. As a result, nutritional neglect, growing from childhood and adolescence, translates into the occurrence of numerous disease entities, including CVDs, in adult life. This review aimed to draw attention to the role of selected minerals and vitamins in health and the development and progression of CVDs in adults and children. Particular attention was paid to the effects of deficiency and toxicity of the analyzed compounds in the context of the cardiovascular system and to the role of intestinal microorganisms, which by interacting with nutrients, may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disorders. We hope this article will draw the attention of society and the medical community to emphasize promoting healthy eating and proper eating habits in children and adults, translating into increased awareness and a reduced risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peet Brecht
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - James Curtis Dring
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Felipe Yanez
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Styczeń
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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18
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Nguyen TT, Hoang T, Pham T, Truong VK, Luo X, Qin J, Zhang W. High Solubility and Bioavailability of Lobster Shell-Derived Calcium for Significantly Proliferating Bone and Skin Cells In Vitro. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:358. [PMID: 37367683 DOI: 10.3390/md21060358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Shell wastes pose environmental and financial burdens to the shellfish industry. Utilizing these undervalued shells for commercial chitin production could minimize their adverse impacts while maximizing economic value. Shell chitin conventionally produced through harsh chemical processes is environmentally unfriendly and infeasible for recovering compatible proteins and minerals for value-added products. However, we recently developed a microwave-intensified biorefinery that efficiently produced chitin, proteins/peptides, and minerals from lobster shells. Lobster minerals have a calcium-rich composition and biologically originated calcium is more biofunctional for use as a functional, dietary, or nutraceutical ingredient in many commercial products. This has suggested a further investigation of lobster minerals for commercial applications. In this study, the nutritional attributes, functional properties, nutraceutical effects, and cytotoxicity of lobster minerals were analyzed using in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion combined with growing bone (MG-63), skin (HaCaT), and macrophage (THP-1) cells. The calcium from the lobster minerals was found to be comparable to that of a commercial calcium supplement (CCS, 139 vs. 148 mg/g). In addition, beef incorporated with lobster minerals (2%, w/w) retained water better than that of casein and commercial calcium lactate (CCL, 21.1 vs. 15.1 and 13.3%), and the lobster mineral had a considerably higher oil binding capacity than its rivals (casein and CCL, 2.5 vs. 1.5 and 1.0 mL/g). Notably, the lobster mineral and its calcium were far more soluble than the CCS (98.4 vs. 18.6% for the products and 64.0 vs. 8.5% for their calcium) while the in vitro bioavailability of lobster calcium was 5.9-fold higher compared to that of the commercial product (11.95 vs. 1.99%). Furthermore, supplementing lobster minerals in media at ratios of 15%, 25%, and 35% (v/v) when growing cells did not induce any detectable changes in cell morphology and apoptosis. However, it had significant effects on cell growth and proliferation. The responses of cells after three days of culture supplemented with the lobster minerals, compared to the CCS supplementation, were significantly better with the bone cells (MG-63) and competitively quick with the skin cells (HaCaT). The cell growth reached 49.9-61.6% for the MG-63 and 42.9-53.4% for the HaCaT. Furthermore, the MG-63 and HaCaT cells proliferated considerably after seven days of incubation, reaching 100.3% for MG-63 and 115.9% for HaCaT with a lobster mineral supplementation of 15%. Macrophages (THP-1 cells) treated for 24 h with lobster minerals at concentrations of 1.24-2.89 mg/mL had no detectable changes in cell morphology while their viability was over 82.2%, far above the cytotoxicity threshold (<70%). All these results indicate that lobster minerals could be used as a source of functional or nutraceutical calcium for commercial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung T Nguyen
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Advanced Marine Biomanufacturing Laboratory, Centre for Marine Bioproduct Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Thanh Hoang
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Tuyet Pham
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Biomedical Nanoengineering Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Xuan Luo
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Jian Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- Advanced Marine Biomanufacturing Laboratory, Centre for Marine Bioproduct Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Marine Bioproducts Cooperative Research Centre, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
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19
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Hao K, Zhang J, Di Narzo A, Zhang X, Hao A, Shan M, Deyssenroth M, Chen J, Zhang Z, Cheng H. Ethnic disparities in ambient air and traffic-related pollution exposure and ethnic-specific impacts on clinical biomarker levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162390. [PMID: 36841400 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although characterizing the inequality in pollution exposure burden across ethnic groups and the ethnic-specific exposure associations is of great social and public health importance, it has not been systematically investigated in large population studies. METHODS The UK Biobank data (N = 485, 806) of individual-level air ambient and traffic-related pollution exposure, biomarkers routinely used in clinical practice, genotype, life-style factors, and socioeconomic status were analyzed. Air pollution exposure estimates were compared among six genetically inferred ethnic groups. We also quantified the association between exposure and biomarkers within and across ethnicities. RESULTS Non-European participants (defined by genetics) disproportionately bear a higher burden of exposure than their European counterparts even after adjusting for covariables including socioeconomic status. For example, exposure to NO2 in people with African ancestry was 30.7 % higher (p = 1.5E-786) than European subjects. Within the genetically defined African group, larger African genetic ancestry proportion (AGAP) was linked to higher ambient air pollutant exposure. Trans-Ethnic analysis identified 32 clinical biomarkers associated with environmental exposure. For 13 biomarkers, the association with exposure was significantly different or even in opposing directions across ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Substantial disparities in air pollution exposure was observed among genetically-defined ethnic groups. Most importantly, we show that the impact of exposure on biomarkers varies by ethnicity. Reducing the disproportionally high exposure burden on non-European populations and alleviating the adverse consequences in an ethnic-specific manner are of great urgency and significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hao
- Radiology Department, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai, China; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jushan Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Alice Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Maya Deyssenroth
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhongyang Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Haoxiang Cheng
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Cheah MH, Lai PSM, Khor HM, Ratnasingam J, Chandrasekaran CSK, Singh S, Zakaria MIB, Ong T. Fragility fracture care gap at a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:63. [PMID: 37148374 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fracture begets fracture, pharmacological treatment is needed to prevent secondary fractures. This study found that there was a fragility fracture care gap where both bone health investigations and treatment initiation rates were low. Strategies such as Fracture Liaison Service is needed to address the care gap. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the clinical burden and secondary fracture prevention of fragility fractures at a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. METHODS Electronic medical records of all patients admitted with fragility fractures between 1 January 2017-31 December 2018 were reviewed. Patients < 50 years old, with non-fragility fractures, restricted access to medical records, transferred to another hospital or who passed away during admission were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise patients' characteristics, frequency of fragility fractures, and secondary fracture prevention details. Binomial logistic regression was performed to analyse predictive factors for post-fracture bone health assessments and treatment initiation. RESULTS 1030 patients [female (767/1030, 74.5%)] presented with 1071 fractures [hip fractures (378/1071, 35.3%)]. 170/993 (17.1%) patients were initiated on anti-osteoporosis medications (AOMs) and 148/984 (15.0%) had bone mineral density (BMD) performed within 1-year post-fracture. Less than half (42.4%) of the patients remained on treatment at 1-year post-fracture. Older patients [65-74 years old: odds ratio (OR) = 2.18, 95%CI 1.05-4.52, p = 0.04; ≥ 75 years: OR = 3.06, 95%CI 1.54-6.07, p < 0.01], hip fractures (OR = 1.95, 95%CI 1.23-3.11, p < 0.01), Chinese ethnicity (OR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.07-3.35, p = 0.03),previously diagnosed with osteoporosis (OR = 2.65, 95%CI:1.32-5.31, p < 0.01) and a BMD test performed (OR = 12.48, 95%CI 8.04-19.37, p < 0.01) were found to have higher AOM initiation. Patients with past diagnosis of osteoporosis (OR = 4.45, 95%CI 2.25-8.81, p < 0.01) and initiated on AOM (OR = 11.34, 95%CI 7.57-16.97, p < 0.01) had a higher likelihood to undergo BMD testing. CONCLUSION The AOM initiation and BMD testing rates were low. There is a need to address the fragility fracture care gap with strategies such as Fracture Liaison Service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hui Cheah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pauline Siew Mei Lai
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Min Khor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Simmrat Singh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Idzwan Bin Zakaria
- Academic Unit Trauma and Emergency, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Terence Ong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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21
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Bischoff SC, Ockenga J, Eshraghian A, Barazzoni R, Busetto L, Campmans-Kuijpers M, Cardinale V, Chermesh I, Kani HT, Khannoussi W, Lacaze L, Léon-Sanz M, Mendive JM, Müller MW, Tacke F, Thorell A, Vranesic Bender D, Weimann A, Cuerda C. Practical guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint ESPEN/UEG guideline. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:987-1024. [PMID: 37146466 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic gastrointestinal disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), pancreatitis, and chronic liver disease (CLD) often suffer from obesity because of coincidence (IBD, IBS, celiac disease) or related pathophysiology (GERD, pancreatitis and CLD). It is unclear if such patients need a particular diagnostic and treatment that differs from the needs of lean gastrointestinal patients. The present guideline addresses this question according to current knowledge and evidence. OBJECTIVE The present practical guideline is intended for clinicians and practitioners in general medicine, gastroenterology, surgery and other obesity management, including dietitians and focuses on obesity care in patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases. METHODS The present practical guideline is the shortened version of a previously published scientific guideline developed according to the standard operating procedure for ESPEN guidelines. The content has been re-structured and transformed into flow-charts that allow a quick navigation through the text. RESULTS In 100 recommendations (3× A, 33× B, 24 × 0, 40× GPP, all with a consensus grade of 90% or more) care of gastrointestinal patients with obesity - including sarcopenic obesity - is addressed in a multidisciplinary way. A particular emphasis is on CLD, especially metabolic associated liver disease, since such diseases are closely related to obesity, whereas liver cirrhosis is rather associated with sarcopenic obesity. A special chapter is dedicated to obesity care in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The guideline focuses on adults, not on children, for whom data are scarce. Whether some of the recommendations apply to children must be left to the judgment of the experienced pediatrician. CONCLUSION The present practical guideline offers in a condensed way evidence-based advice how to care for patients with chronic gastrointestinal diseases and concomitant obesity, an increasingly frequent constellation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Johann Ockenga
- Medizinische Klinik II, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Bremen FRG, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Ahad Eshraghian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Avicenna Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Technological and Translational Sciences, University of Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marjo Campmans-Kuijpers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Irit Chermesh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Haluk Tarik Kani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Wafaa Khannoussi
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco; and Laboratoire de Recherche des Maladies Digestives (LARMAD), Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Laurence Lacaze
- Department of General Surgery, Mantes-la-Jolie Hospital, Mantes-la-Jolie, France.
| | - Miguel Léon-Sanz
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doce de Octubre, Medical School, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Mendive
- La Mina Primary Care Academic Health Centre, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michael W Müller
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Regionale Kliniken Holding, Kliniken Ludwigsburg-Bietigheim gGmbH, Krankenhaus Bietigheim, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany.
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet & Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Darija Vranesic Bender
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Arved Weimann
- Department of General, Visceral and Oncological Surgery, St. George Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Cristina Cuerda
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Nutrition Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Sanchis P, Prieto RM, Konieczna J, Grases F, Abete I, Salas-Salvadó J, Martín V, Ruiz-Canela M, Babio N, García-Gavilán JF, Goday A, Costa-Bauza A, Martínez JA, Romaguera D. Estimated Phytate Intake Is Associated with Bone Mineral Density in Mediterranean Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071791. [PMID: 37049631 PMCID: PMC10097286 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to explore the association of dietary phytate intake with bone mineral density (BMD) in a Mediterranean population of postmenopausal women. For this purpose, a cross-sectional analysis of 561 women aged 55-75 years with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome from a Mediterranean area and with data on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans in femur and lumbar spine was performed. Estimated phytate intake was calculated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Our results indicated that phytate intake was associated with BMD [β(95%CI) per each 25 mg/100 kcal] in femoral neck [0.023(0.060-0.040) g/cm2], femoral Ward's triangle [0.033(0.013-0.054) g/cm2], total femur [0.018(0.001-0.035) g/cm2], and all the analyzed lumbar spine sites [L1-L4: 0.033(0.007-0.059) g/cm2] after adjusting for potential confounders. The sensitivity analysis showed that phytate intake was directly associated with lumbar spine BMD in women younger than 66 years, with a body mass index higher than 32.6 kg/cm2 and without type 2 diabetes (all p-for interactions < 0.05). The overall results indicated that phytate, a substance present in food as cereals, legumes and nuts, was positively associated with BMD in Mediterranean postmenopausal women. Phytate may have a protective effect on bone resorption by adsorbing on the surfaces of HAP. Nevertheless, large, long-term, and randomized prospective clinical studies must be performed to assess the possible benefits of phytate consumption on BMD in postmenopausal women.
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Grants
- NIH 1R01DK127601 NIH HHS
- Advanced Research Grant 2014-2019; agreement #34091 European Research Council
- PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462,PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722,PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919,PI14/00853,PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sanchis
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael María Prieto
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Félix Grases
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Jesús Francisco García-Gavilán
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Costa-Bauza
- Laboratory of Renal Lithiasis Research, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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23
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Soto ME, Pérez-Torres I, Rubio-Ruiz ME, Cano-Martínez A, Manzano-Pech L, Guarner-Lans V. Frailty and the Interactions between Skeletal Muscle, Bone, and Adipose Tissue-Impact on Cardiovascular Disease and Possible Therapeutic Measures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054534. [PMID: 36901968 PMCID: PMC10003713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a global health problem that impacts clinical practice. It is complex, having a physical and a cognitive component, and it is the result of many contributing factors. Frail patients have oxidative stress and elevated proinflammatory cytokines. Frailty impairs many systems and results in a reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stress. It is related to aging and to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There are few studies on the genetic factors of frailty, but epigenetic clocks determine age and frailty. In contrast, there is genetic overlap of frailty with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Frailty is not yet considered a risk factor for CVD. It is accompanied by a loss and/or poor functioning of muscle mass, which depends on fiber protein content, resulting from the balance between protein breakdown and synthesis. Bone fragility is also implied, and there is a crosstalk between adipocytes, myocytes, and bone. The identification and assessment of frailty is difficult, without there being a standard instrument to identify or treat it. Measures to prevent its progression include exercises, as well as supplementing the diet with vitamin D and K, calcium, and testosterone. In conclusion, more research is needed to better understand frailty and to avoid complications in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Soto
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Linaloe Manzano-Pech
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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24
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Pérez-Bilbao T, Alonso-Dueñas M, Peinado AB, San Juan AF. Effects of Combined Interventions of Exercise and Diet or Exercise and Supplementation on Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041013. [PMID: 36839371 PMCID: PMC9964362 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review investigated the effects of exercise interventions combined with diet and/or dietary supplement interventions on anthropometry, body composition, metabolic biomarkers, physical function, healthy lifestyles, quality of life, psychosocial variables and fatigue for women with breast cancer. A systematic search was performed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases (from inception to 1 March 2022). A review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The methodological quality and the risk of bias of the included studies was assessed with the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A total of 13 randomised controlled trial studies were included, comprising 1569 breast cancer patients. The main finding of this systematic review is that groups performing interventions combining exercise plus diet show significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, body composition, quality of life, fatigue, anxiety, depression and sleep compared to control groups. On the other hand, the use of interventions combining exercise plus supplementation does not result in an improvement compared to groups using exercise alone or supplementation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Txomin Pérez-Bilbao
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Alonso-Dueñas
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- GEICAM Spanish Breast Cancer Group, 28703 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B. Peinado
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- LFE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro F. San Juan
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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25
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Do YN, Kieu TLP, Dang THM, Nguyen QH, Dang TH, Tran CS, Vu AP, Do TT, Nguyen TN, Dinh SL, Nguyen TMT, Pham TNM, Hoang AQ, Pham B, Nguyen TAH. Green Analytical Method for Simultaneous Determination of Glucosamine and Calcium in Dietary Supplements by Capillary Electrophoresis with Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2023; 2023:2765508. [PMID: 36760655 PMCID: PMC9904918 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2765508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The need for analytical methods that are fast, affordable, and ecologically friendly is expanding. Because of its low solvent consumption, minimal waste production, and speedy analysis, capillary electrophoresis is considered a "green" choice among analytical separation methods. With these "green" features, we have utilized the capillary electrophoresis method with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) to simultaneously determine glucosamine and Ca2+ in dietary supplements. The CE analysis was performed in fused silica capillaries (50 μm inner diameter, 40 cm total length, 30 cm effective length), and the analytical time was around 5 min. After optimization, the CE conditions for selective determination of glucosamine and Ca2+ were obtained, including a 10 mM tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane/acetic acid (Tris/Ace) buffer of pH 5.0 as the background electrolyte; separation voltage of 20 kV; and hydrodynamic injection (siphoning) at 25 cm height for 30 s. The method illustrated good linearity over the concentration range of 5.00 to 200 mg/L of for glucosamine (R 2 = 0.9994) and 1.00 to 100 mg/L for Ca2+ (R 2 = 0.9994). Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit of glucosamine was 1.00 mg/L, while that of Ca2+ was 0.05 mg/L. The validated method successfully analyzed glucosamine and Ca2+ in seven dietary supplement samples. The measured concentrations were generally in line with the values of label claims and with cross-checking data from reference methods (HPLC and ICP-OES).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Nhi Do
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Lan Phuong Kieu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- National Institute for Food Control (NIFC), 65 Pham Than Duat, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huyen My Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Quang Huy Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen University, 284 Luong Ngoc Quyen, Thai Nguyen 24000, Vietnam
| | - Thu Hien Dang
- National Institute for Food Control (NIFC), 65 Pham Than Duat, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Cao Son Tran
- National Institute for Food Control (NIFC), 65 Pham Than Duat, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Phuong Vu
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Trang Do
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ngan Nguyen
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Son Luong Dinh
- Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Thu Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ngoc Mai Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Quoc Hoang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Bach Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Anh Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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26
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Miglietta F, Iamartino L, Palmini G, Giusti F, Marini F, Iantomasi T, Brandi ML. Endocrine sequelae of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Effects on mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1085315. [PMID: 36714597 PMCID: PMC9877332 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1085315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established therapeutic strategy for the treatment of malignant (leukemia and lymphoma) and non-malignant (thalassemia, anemia, and immunodeficiency) hematopoietic diseases. Thanks to the improvement in patient care and the development of more tolerable conditioning treatments, which has extended the applicability of therapy to the elderly, a growing number of patients have successfully benefited from HSCT therapy and, more importantly, HSCT transplant-related mortality has consistently reduced in recent years. However, concomitantly to long term patient survival, a growing incidence of late HSCT-related sequelae has been reported, being variably associated with negative effects on quality of life of patients and having a non-negligible impact on healthcare systems. The most predominantly observed HSCT-caused complications are chronic alterations of the endocrine system and metabolism, which endanger post-operative quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality of transplanted patients. Here, we specifically review the current knowledge on HSCT-derived side-effects on the perturbation of mineral metabolism; in particular, the homeostasis of calcium, focusing on current reports regarding osteoporosis and recurrent renal dysfunctions that have been observed in a percentage of HSC-transplanted patients. Possible secondary implications of conditioning treatments for HSCT on the physiology of the parathyroid glands and calcium homeostasis, alone or in association with HSCT-caused renal and bone defects, are critically discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Miglietta
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Iamartino
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gaia Palmini
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Giusti
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases), Florence, Italy
| | - Teresa Iantomasi
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Fondazione FIRMO Onlus (Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases), Florence, Italy
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27
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Manoj P, Derwin R, George S. What is the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in older people? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Older People Nurs 2023; 18:e12492. [PMID: 35842938 PMCID: PMC10078370 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hip fractures have a huge impact in reducing the quality of life and increasing mortality. This review aims to assess the impact of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 plus calcium on the incidence of hip fracture in people over 65 years. METHODS PRISMA guidelines were followed and RCTs that evaluated the effectiveness of daily oral supplementation of vitamin D3 plus calcium in preventing hip fracture in adults over 65 years were included in the study. The databases such as Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from October 2019- January 2020.The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to check the quality of the included studies. A meta-analysis with fixed effect model using Review Manager (Revman 5.3) was used to analyse the data. RESULTS The meta-analysis of seven RCTs on vitamin D3 plus calcium supplementation and hip fracture (n = 12,620) identified odds ratio (OR) of 0.75; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.64, 0.87; p = .0003. Daily oral supplementation of 800 IU of Vitamin D3 plus 1200 mg of calcium was found more effective (n = 5676 participants; OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.82; p < .0001) than daily oral supplementation of 800 IU of Vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg of calcium (n = 6555,OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.74, 1.56; p = .70) in reducing hip fracture. A meta-analysis of the seven RCTs to identify the incidence of non-vertebral fracture gave the OR of 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.89; p < .0001. A meta-analysis of three RCTs on femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) (n = 483) gave a mean difference of 1.21; 95% CI: -0.79, 3.20; p = .24. CONCLUSION Daily oral supplementation 800 IU of vitamin D3 plus 1200 mg of calcium reduces hip fracture and non-vertebral fracture in older people. Administering vitamin D3 and calcium supplements had no effect in increasing the femoral neck BMD. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Even though it is evident from the review that optimal daily intake of vitamin D3 plus calcium supplementation help in the prevention of fracture, it is only one essential element in fracture prevention. Also, people who are on dietary supplements should be compliant with same for better result. Efforts to prevent bone loss and osteoporosis should begin from an early age. It includes maintaining a healthy lifestyle, optimal intake of calcium and vitamin D3, proper nutrition, adequate exposure to sunlight, exercise etc. Proper education on healthy lifestyle, avoiding risk factors like smoking, caffeine, alcohol and awareness of bone health should continue throughout life with emphasis during menopause when increased bone loss is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethy Manoj
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - Rosemarie Derwin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sherly George
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2, Ireland
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28
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van Abswoude DH, Pellikaan K, Rosenberg AGW, Davidse K, Coupaye M, Høybye C, Markovic TP, Grugni G, Crinò A, Caixàs A, Poitou C, Mosbah H, Weir T, van Vlimmeren LA, Rutges JPHJ, De Klerk LWL, Zillikens MC, van der Lely AJ, de Graaff LCG. Bone Health in Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations Based on a Multicenter Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 108:59-84. [PMID: 36149817 PMCID: PMC9759176 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic syndrome, characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, and hyperphagia. Hormone deficiencies such as hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, and growth hormone deficiency are common. The combination of hypotonia, low physical activity, and hypogonadism might lead to a decrease in bone mass and increase in fracture risk. Moreover, one would expect an increased risk of scoliosis due to hypotonia and low physical activity. OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence and risk factors for skeletal problems (reduced bone mineral density, fractures, and scoliosis) in adults with PWS. METHODS We retrospectively collected patient characteristics, medical history, medication, biochemical measurements, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, and spinal X-rays and reviewed the current literature. RESULTS We included 354 adults with PWS (median age 31 years; 43% males), of whom 51 (14%) had osteoporosis (T-score below -2.5) and 143 (54%) had osteopenia (T-score -1 to -2.5). The most prevalent modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis were hypogonadism, insufficient dairy intake, sedentary lifestyle, and corticosteroid use. Male sex was associated with osteoporosis (P = .005). Growth hormone treatment was not associated with osteoporosis. A history of vertebral fractures was present in 10 (3%) and nonvertebral fractures in 59 (17%). Scoliosis was present in 263 (80%), but no modifiable risk factors were identified. CONCLUSION Besides scoliosis, osteoporosis is common in adults with PWS. Based on the literature and the risk factors for osteoporosis found in our cohort, we provide practical clinical recommendations to avoid skeletal complications in these vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna G W Rosenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal
Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center
Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome,
3015 GD Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Davidse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Adults with Rare Genetic Syndromes, Department of Internal
Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center
Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Center of Reference for Prader-Willi Syndrome,
3015 GD Rotterdam, The
Netherlands
- Academic Center for Growth Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Muriel Coupaye
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of reference
‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and obesity with eating disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition
Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière
Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutriomics, F75013
Paris, France
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
| | - Charlotte Høybye
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute and
Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm,
Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tania P Markovic
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Metabolism & Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred
Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of
Sydney, SydneyAustralia
| | - Graziano Grugni
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
- Divison of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS,
Piancavallo (VB), Italy
| | - Antonino Crinò
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Reference Center for Prader-Willi syndrome, Bambino Gesù Hospital, Research
Institute, Palidoro (Rome), Italy
| | - Assumpta Caixàs
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari Parc
Taulí, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de
Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
Sabadell, Spain
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of reference
‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and obesity with eating disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition
Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière
Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutriomics, F75013
Paris, France
- International Network for Research, Management & Education on adults
with Prader-Willi Syndrome (INfoRMEd-PWS)
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
| | - Helena Mosbah
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Rare Diseases Center of reference
‘Prader-Willi Syndrome and obesity with eating disorders’ (PRADORT), Nutrition
Department, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière
Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutriomics, F75013
Paris, France
| | - Tessa Weir
- Department of Endocrinology, Nepean-Blue Mountains Hospital,
Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leo A van Vlimmeren
- Department of Rehabilitation and Pediatric Physical Therapy, Radboud
University Medical Centrum, 6525 GA Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
| | - Joost P H J Rutges
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
| | - Luuk W L De Klerk
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, Sint Maartensclinic,
6500 GM Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENDO-ERN (European Reference Network)
- Academic Center for Rare Bone Disorders, Erasmus Medical Center, University
Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam,
The Netherlands
- European Reference Network for rare bone diseases (ERN BOND)
| | - Aart J van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical
Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura C G de Graaff
- Correspondence: Laura de Graaff, MD, PhD, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Erasmus
MC, University Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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29
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Chhabra HS, Jain A. Impact of Lumbar Postures on the Functioning of Pelvic Floor Muscles Among Osteoporotic Post-Menopausal Women. Cureus 2022; 14:e32869. [PMID: 36578851 PMCID: PMC9785378 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Maintaining continence and providing support to the abdominal contents and sexual functioning are among the primary roles of pelvic floor muscles. The pelvic floor muscles work in synergy with the abdominal muscle to perform these functions. Abdominal muscle activation in the sagittal plane is influenced by the lumbar spine posture. As pelvic floor dysfunction is common among post-menopausal women, this study aims to find out the relationship between lumbar posture and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the rectus abdominis (RA) muscle and vaginal pressure (VP) as a functioning of the pelvic floor muscles among osteoporotic post-menopausal females. Methods A total of 78 osteoporotic post-menopausal women were recruited and allocated into three groups depending on lumbar lordotic angle, namely normal lordosis (n=26) hyperlordosis (n=26), and hypolordosis (n=26). All the subjects were recorded for RA EMG activity and VP for pelvic floor function in the quiet standing (QS) position, and voluntary dynamic tasks such as maximal coughing (MC) and Valsalva maneuver (VM). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analysis. A 5% probability level was considered statistically significant, i.e., p<0.05. Results The results showed a significant reduction in the RA activity and VP during the dynamic tasks (MC and VM) among subjects with the altered lumbar lordotic angle (p<0.05). The reduction in RA activity and VP was found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) in subjects with hyperlordotic lumbar spine than in those with hypolordotic lumbar spine as compared to normal lordosis during QS, MC, and VM. Conclusion We conclude that osteoporotic post-menopausal women with different lumbar lordotic angle show variations in RA activity and pressure generated by the vagina as a function of the pelvic floor during voluntary dynamic tasks.
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30
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Clements M, Heffernan M, Ward M, Hoey L, Doherty LC, Hack Mendes R, Clarke MM, Hughes CF, Love I, Murphy S, McDermott E, Grehan J, McCann A, McAnena LB, Strain JJ, Brennan L, McNulty H. A 2-Year Randomized Controlled Trial With Low-Dose B-Vitamin Supplementation Shows Benefits on Bone Mineral Density in Adults With Lower B12 Status. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:2443-2455. [PMID: 36128889 PMCID: PMC10092614 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Folate, vitamins B12, B6, and riboflavin are required for one-carbon metabolism and may affect bone health, but no previous randomized trial has investigated all four nutrients in this context. We investigated the effect of low-dose B-vitamins for 2 years on bone mineral density (BMD) in a dual-centered, 2-year randomized controlled trial (RCT) in adults aged ≥50 years. Eligible participants not consuming B-vitamin supplements or fortified foods >4 times weekly were randomized to receive daily either combined folic acid (200 μg), vitamin B12 (10 μg), vitamin B6 (10 mg), and riboflavin (5 mg), or "active" placebo, whereby both the intervention and placebo groups received vitamin D (10 μg). BMD was assessed before and after intervention using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning of the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine (L1 to L4). Of 205 eligible participants randomized, 167 completed the trial in full. B-vitamin intervention resulted in increases in serum folate (p < 0.001), serum B12 (p < 0.001), and plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (p < 0.001) and decreases in functional biomarkers of B-vitamin status, erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (p < 0.001), serum methylmalonic acid (MMA; p < 0.001), and serum total homocysteine (p < 0.001). B-vitamin intervention had no overall effect on BMD, which declined in both treatment groups by approximately 1% (ranging from -0.7% to -1.4%). However, in participants with lower baseline B12 status (serum B12 <246 pmol/L or MMA ≥0.22 μmol/L), B-vitamin intervention reduced the 2-year BMD decline versus placebo: adjusted mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) change of -0.003 (-0.008, 0.002) versus -0.015 (-0.021, -0.010) g/cm2 at the total hip and -0.004 (-0.010, 0.001) versus -0.013 (-0.018, -0.007) g/cm2 at the femoral neck. In conclusion, the findings indicate that although low-dose B-vitamin intervention for 2 years had no overall effect on BMD, improving B-vitamin status appears to have specific benefits for bone health in adults with lower B12 status. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Clements
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maria Heffernan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Leane Hoey
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Leanne C Doherty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Roberta Hack Mendes
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle M Clarke
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ingrid Love
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Shauna Murphy
- Section of Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eilish McDermott
- Section of Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Grehan
- Section of Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Liadhan B McAnena
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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31
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Oh KK. Network pharmacology-based analysis of signaling pathways of an anti-osteoporotic triterpenoid from Acyranthes bidentata Blume root. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:312. [PMID: 36276446 PMCID: PMC9537396 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In Korea folk remedies, Acyranthes bidentata Blume is a functional food plant to treat bone diseases; especially, its roots have been used to alleviate osteoporosis (OP), but its key chemical compound(s) and mechanism of action against osteoporosis have not reported yet. This study suggests that Acyranthes bidentata Blume root (ABBR) has promising compound(s) against OP. We utilized network pharmacology to evaluate the therapeutic value. The chemical compounds from Acyranthes bidentata Blume root (ABBR) were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS); their physicochemical properties have been evaluated by SwissADME. Next, the target(s) related to a triterpenoid or OP-related targets were investigated by public databases. The signaling pathways from final targets were visualized, constructed, and analyzed by RPackage. Finally, we performed a molecular docking (MD) to explore key target(s) and compound(s) by employing AutoDockVina tools; the residues of amino acids interacted with ligands were identified by LigPlot + v.22. A total of 24 chemicals were accepted by the Lipinski's rules. We found a sole triterpenoid from ABBR via GC-MS, suggesting that might be a potent ligand to alleviate OP. Thereby, the 42 targets were associated with the triterpenoid; the 19 targets among them were connected to OP-targets (1426). The final 19 targets were related directly to 8 signaling pathways on STRING database. On Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and a key signaling pathway (PPAR signaling pathway), four key targets (PPARA, PPARD, FABP3, and FABP4) and a key compound (Methyl 3β-hydroxyolean-18-en-28-oate) were selected via MD. Collectively, the triterpenoid from ABBR might have potent anti-osteoporotic efficacy by activating PPARA, PPARD, FABP3, and FABP4 on PPAR signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03362-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Kwang Oh
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 South Korea
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32
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Bischoff SC, Barazzoni R, Busetto L, Campmans‐Kuijpers M, Cardinale V, Chermesh I, Eshraghian A, Kani HT, Khannoussi W, Lacaze L, Léon‐Sanz M, Mendive JM, Müller MW, Ockenga J, Tacke F, Thorell A, Vranesic Bender D, Weimann A, Cuerda C. European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism / United European Gastroenterology guideline. United European Gastroenterol J 2022; 10:663-720. [PMID: 35959597 PMCID: PMC9486502 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), pancreatitis, and chronic liver disease (CLD) often suffer from obesity because of coincidence (IBD, IBS, celiac disease) or related pathophysiology (GERD, pancreatitis and CLD). It is unclear if such patients need a particular diagnostic and treatment that differs from the needs of lean GI patients. The present guideline addresses this question according to current knowledge and evidence. OBJECTIVE The objective of the guideline is to give advice to all professionals working in the field of gastroenterology care including physicians, surgeons, dietitians and others how to handle patients with GI disease and obesity. METHODS The present guideline was developed according to the standard operating procedure for European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism guidelines, following the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network grading system (A, B, 0, and good practice point [GPP]). The procedure included an online voting (Delphi) and a final consensus conference. RESULTS In 100 recommendations (3x A, 33x B, 24x 0, 40x GPP, all with a consensus grade of 90% or more) care of GI patients with obesity - including sarcopenic obesity - is addressed in a multidisciplinary way. A particular emphasis is on CLD, especially fatty liver disease, since such diseases are closely related to obesity, whereas liver cirrhosis is rather associated with sarcopenic obesity. A special chapter is dedicated to obesity care in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The guideline focuses on adults, not on children, for whom data are scarce. Whether some of the recommendations apply to children must be left to the judgment of the experienced pediatrician. CONCLUSION The present guideline offers for the first time evidence-based advice how to care for patients with chronic GI diseases and concomitant obesity, an increasingly frequent constellation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Technological and Translational SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of MedicineUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Marjo Campmans‐Kuijpers
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical Centre GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico‐Surgical Sciences and BiotechnologiesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Irit Chermesh
- Department of GastroenterologyRambam Health Care CampusAffiliated with Technion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Ahad Eshraghian
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAvicenna HospitalShirazIran
| | - Haluk Tarik Kani
- Department of GastroenterologyMarmara UniversitySchool of MedicineIstanbulTurkey
| | - Wafaa Khannoussi
- Hepato‐Gastroenterology DepartmentMohammed VI University HospitalOujdaMorocco
- Laboratoire de Recherche des Maladies Digestives (LARMAD)Mohammed the First UniversityOujdaMorocco
| | - Laurence Lacaze
- Department of NutritionRennes HospitalRennesFrance
- Department of general surgeryMantes‐la‐Jolie HospitalFrance
- Department of clinical nutritionPaul Brousse‐Hospital, VillejuifFrance
| | - Miguel Léon‐Sanz
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionUniversity Hospital Doce de OctubreMedical SchoolUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | - Juan M. Mendive
- La Mina Primary Care Academic Health Centre. Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Michael W. Müller
- Department of General and Visceral SurgeryRegionale Kliniken HoldingKliniken Ludwigsburg‐Bietigheim gGmbHBietigheim‐BissingenGermany
| | - Johann Ockenga
- Medizinische Klinik IIKlinikum Bremen‐MitteBremenGermany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & GastroenterologyCharité Universitätsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow‐Klinikum and Campus Charité MitteBerlinGermany
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical ScienceDanderyds HospitalKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of SurgeryErsta HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Darija Vranesic Bender
- Department of Internal MedicineUnit of Clinical NutritionUniversity Hospital Centre ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Arved Weimann
- Department of General, Visceral and Oncological SurgerySt. George HospitalLeipzigGermany
| | - Cristina Cuerda
- Departamento de MedicinaUniversidad Complutense de MadridNutrition UnitHospital General Universitario Gregorio MarañónMadridSpain
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33
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Bischoff SC, Barazzoni R, Busetto L, Campmans-Kuijpers M, Cardinale V, Chermesh I, Eshraghian A, Kani HT, Khannoussi W, Lacaze L, Léon-Sanz M, Mendive JM, Müller MW, Ockenga J, Tacke F, Thorell A, Vranesic Bender D, Weimann A, Cuerda C. European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint ESPEN/UEG guideline. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2364-2405. [PMID: 35970666 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), pancreatitis, and chronic liver disease (CLD) often suffer from obesity because of coincidence (IBD, IBS, celiac disease) or related pathophysiology (GERD, pancreatitis and CLD). It is unclear if such patients need a particular diagnostic and treatment that differs from the needs of lean GI patients. The present guideline addresses this question according to current knowledge and evidence. OBJECTIVE The objective of the guideline is to give advice to all professionals working in the field of gastroenterology care including physicians, surgeons, dietitians and others how to handle patients with GI disease and obesity. METHODS The present guideline was developed according to the standard operating procedure for ESPEN guidelines, following the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) grading system (A, B, 0, and good practice point (GPP)). The procedure included an online voting (Delphi) and a final consensus conference. RESULTS In 100 recommendations (3x A, 33x B, 24x 0, 40x GPP, all with a consensus grade of 90% or more) care of GI patients with obesity - including sarcopenic obesity - is addressed in a multidisciplinary way. A particular emphasis is on CLD, especially fatty liver disease, since such diseases are closely related to obesity, whereas liver cirrhosis is rather associated with sarcopenic obesity. A special chapter is dedicated to obesity care in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The guideline focuses on adults, not on children, for whom data are scarce. Whether some of the recommendations apply to children must be left to the judgment of the experienced pediatrician. CONCLUSION The present guideline offers for the first time evidence-based advice how to care for patients with chronic GI diseases and concomitant obesity, an increasingly frequent constellation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Technological and Translational Sciences, University of Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marjo Campmans-Kuijpers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Irit Chermesh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Affiliated with Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Ahad Eshraghian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Avicenna Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Haluk Tarik Kani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Wafaa Khannoussi
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco; Laboratoire de Recherche des Maladies Digestives (LARMAD), Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Laurence Lacaze
- Department of General Surgery, Mantes-la-Jolie Hospital, Mantes-la-Jolie, France; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Paul-Brousse-Hospital, Villejuif, France.
| | - Miguel Léon-Sanz
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doce de Octubre, Medical School, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan M Mendive
- La Mina Primary Care Academic Health Centre, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michael W Müller
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Regionale Kliniken Holding, Kliniken Ludwigsburg-Bietigheim GGmbH, Krankenhaus Bietigheim, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany.
| | - Johann Ockenga
- Medizinische Klinik II, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Bremen FRG, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Science, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet & Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Darija Vranesic Bender
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Arved Weimann
- Department of General, Visceral and Oncological Surgery, St. George Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Cristina Cuerda
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Nutrition Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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Osteoporosis among Postmenopausal Women in Jordan: A National Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148803. [PMID: 35886655 PMCID: PMC9315755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is considered a widespread health problem that affects senior citizens, particularly older women, after the menopause. This national study aimed to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis among Jordanian postmenopausal women and to determine the association of demographic and nutritional factors, such as calcium and vitamin D supplement intake, with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 884 postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years. A multistage sampling technique was used to select participants from three geographic regions of Jordan (north, middle, and south). The data were collected from the participants by a team of field researchers comprising men and women through a standard questionnaire. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 19.8% among postmenopausal Jordanian women. The study results showed that age (p ˂ 0.001), geographic region (p = 0.019), occupation (p = 0.002), and educational level (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with osteoporosis. Moreover, osteoporosis was significantly associated with calcium and vitamin D supplement intake (p < 0.05). There is a high prevalence of osteoporosis among postmenopausal Jordanian women. Therefore, there is a need to educate women at this age, and probably at an earlier age, to prevent or reduce the development of osteoporosis.
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Millar CL, Kiel DP, Hannan MT, Sahni S. Dairy food intake is not associated with spinal trabecular bone score in men and women: the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Nutr J 2022; 21:26. [PMID: 35538577 PMCID: PMC9092785 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies reported that dairy foods are associated with higher areal bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults. However, data on bone texture are lacking. We determined the association of dairy food intake (milk, yogurt, cheese, milk + yogurt and milk + yogurt + cheese) with spinal trabecular bone score (TBS). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dairy food intake (servings/wk). TBS, an analysis of bone texture, was calculated from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Sex-specific multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the association of dairy food intake (energy adjusted via residual methods) with each bone measure adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Mean age of 4,740 participants was 49 (SD: 13) years and mean milk + yogurt + cheese intake was 10.1 (SD: 8.4) servings/week in men and 10.9 (SD: 8.0) servings/week in women. There were no associations between dairy food intake and spinal TBS in adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of primarily healthy adults, dairy intake was not associated with bone texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Millar
- Department of Medicine, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA, 02131, USA
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Department of Medicine, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA, 02131, USA
| | - Marian T Hannan
- Department of Medicine, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA, 02131, USA
| | - Shivani Sahni
- Department of Medicine, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA, 02131, USA.
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Esposti LD, Perrone V, Sella S, Arcidiacono G, Bertoldo F, Giustina A, Minisola S, Napoli N, Passeri G, Rossini M, Giannini S. The Potential Impact of Inducing a Restriction in Reimbursement Criteria on Vitamin D Supplementation in Osteoporotic Patients with or without Fractures. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091877. [PMID: 35565842 PMCID: PMC9105449 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In October 2019, the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA) restricted reimbursement criteria for vitamin D (VD) use outside the osteoporosis setting (Note 96). However, whether this restriction could also have involved patients at risk for or with osteoporotic fractures has not yet been investigated. We retrospectively analyzed databases from five Italian Local Health Units. Patients aged ≥50 years with either at least one prescription for osteoporosis treatment or with fragility fractures and evidence of osteoporosis from 2011 to 2020 were included. The proportion of subjects with an interruption in VD treatment before and after the introduction of the new reimbursement criteria and predictors of this interruption were analyzed. A total of 94,505 patients (aged 69.4 years) were included. Following the introduction of Note 96, a 2-fold (OR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.92–2.04) increased risk of VD discontinuation was observed. These findings were independent of seasonal variation, osteoporosis treatment patterns, as well as other confounding variables. However, a higher rate of interruption was observed in patients without vertebral/femur fracture (37.8%) vs. those with fracture (32.9%). Rheumatoid arthritis, dyslipidemia and previous fracture were associated with a lower risk of VD interruption, while stroke increased the risk of VD interruption. Our results highlight that a possible misinterpretation of newly introduced criteria for reimbursement restrictions in VD outside of osteoporosis have resulted in an inadequate level of VD supplementation in patients with osteoporosis. This undertreatment could reduce the effect of osteoporosis therapies leading to increased risk of negative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Degli Esposti
- CliCon Srl Società Benefit Health Economics and Outcome Research, 40137 Bologna, Italy; (L.D.E.); (V.P.)
| | - Valentina Perrone
- CliCon Srl Società Benefit Health Economics and Outcome Research, 40137 Bologna, Italy; (L.D.E.); (V.P.)
| | - Stefania Sella
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Gaetano Arcidiacono
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Francesco Bertoldo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Hospital AOUI, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) San Raffaele Hospital, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiology, and Cardiovascular Sciences Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Passeri
- Unit of Clinica e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Rossini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Sandro Giannini
- Clinica Medica 1, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498212169
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Aoki H, Suzuki E, Nakamura T, Onodera S, Saito A, Ohtaka M, Nakanishi M, Nishimura K, Saito A, Azuma T. Induced pluripotent stem cells from homozygous Runx2-deficient mice show poor response to vitamin D during osteoblastic differentiation. Med Mol Morphol 2022; 55:174-186. [DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Khattar V, Wang L, Peng JB. Calcium selective channel TRPV6: Structure, function, and implications in health and disease. Gene 2022; 817:146192. [PMID: 35031425 PMCID: PMC8950124 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-selective channel TRPV6 (Transient Receptor Potential channel family, Vanilloid subfamily member 6) belongs to the TRP family of cation channels and plays critical roles in transcellular calcium (Ca2+) transport, reuptake of Ca2+ into cells, and maintaining a local low Ca2+ environment for certain biological processes. Recent crystal and cryo-electron microscopy-based structures of TRPV6 have revealed mechanistic insights on how the protein achieves Ca2+ selectivity, permeation, and inactivation by calmodulin. The TRPV6 protein is expressed in a range of epithelial tissues such as the intestine, kidney, placenta, epididymis, and exocrine glands such as the pancreas, prostate and salivary, sweat, and mammary glands. The TRPV6 gene is a direct transcriptional target of the active form of vitamin D and is efficiently regulated to meet the body's need for Ca2+ demand. In addition, TRPV6 is also regulated by the level of dietary Ca2+ and under physiological conditions such as pregnancy and lactation. Genetic models of loss of function in TRPV6 display hypercalciuria, decreased bone marrow density, deficient weight gain, reduced fertility, and in some cases alopecia. The models also reveal that the channel plays an indispensable role in maintaining maternal-fetal Ca2+ transport and low Ca2+ environment in the epididymal lumen that is critical for male fertility. Most recently, loss of function mutations in TRPV6 gene is linked to transient neonatal hyperparathyroidism and early onset chronic pancreatitis. TRPV6 is overexpressed in a wide range of human malignancies and its upregulation is strongly correlated to tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and poor survival in selected cancers. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the expression, structure, biophysical properties, function, polymorphisms, and regulation of TRPV6. The aberrant expression, polymorphisms, and dysfunction of this protein linked to human diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Khattar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ji-Bin Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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DeepBiomarker: Identifying Important Lab Tests from Electronic Medical Records for the Prediction of Suicide-Related Events among PTSD Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040524. [PMID: 35455640 PMCID: PMC9025406 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying patients with high risk of suicide is critical for suicide prevention. We examined lab tests together with medication use and diagnosis from electronic medical records (EMR) data for prediction of suicide-related events (SREs; suicidal ideations, attempts and deaths) in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, a population with a high risk of suicide. We developed DeepBiomarker, a deep-learning model through augmenting the data, including lab tests, and integrating contribution analysis for key factor identification. We applied DeepBiomarker to analyze EMR data of 38,807 PTSD patients from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Our model predicted whether a patient would have an SRE within the following 3 months with an area under curve score of 0.930. Through contribution analysis, we identified important lab tests for suicide prediction. These identified factors imply that the regulation of the immune system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and gut microbiome were involved in shaping the pathophysiological pathways promoting depression and suicidal risks in PTSD patients. Our results showed that abnormal lab tests combined with medication use and diagnosis could facilitate predicting SRE risk. Moreover, this may imply beneficial effects for suicide prevention by treating comorbidities associated with these biomarkers.
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Phytochemical and Nutritional Profile Composition in Fruits of Different Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Cultivars Grown in Romania. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), a valuable fruit crop, is cultivated in small areas in Romania, mostly in the west, where the moderate continental climate has a slight Mediterranean influence. This work aims to investigate the bioactive characteristics (total polyphenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity), individual polyphenolic composition, phytochemical and nutritional HRMS screening profiles, sugar and mineral composition of six sweet chestnut cultivars, namely ‘Marsol’, ‘Maraval’, ‘Bournette’, ‘Précoce Migoule’ and ‘Marissard’ grown at Fruit Growing Research—Extension Station (SCDP) Vâlcea, in Northern Oltenia, Romania. Fruit samples were collected in two consecutive years, in order to study the impact of genetic variability between cultivars and the influence of the different climatic conditions corresponding to different cultivation years. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) allow the discrimination between the sweet chestnut fruits harvested in different years and different sweet chestnut cultivars. Analytical investigations revealed that sweet chestnut cultivars grown in Romania show similar bioactive, phytochemical and nutritional composition to cultivars grown in the large European chestnut-producing countries, indicating the high adaptation potential of the chestnut in the temperate continental zone with small Mediterranean influences characteristic of the southwestern area of Romania.
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Boushehri SN, Farazmand M, Zar A. Dietary assessment and effect of Pilates exercises on quality of life, body composition, and physical fitness in Iranian postmenopausal women. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3920/cep210040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Menopause is an important period of life for women, all of whom experience this natural state. However, awareness of the bodily changes during this period is of great significance. Hence, not paying attention to the dietary, physical, and psychological criteria can reduce the quality of women’s lives. This study aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL), body composition, and physical fitness in postmenopausal women after Pilates exercises. Thirty postmenopausal Iranian women were randomly divided into Pilates (performed for 8 weeks) and control groups. The HRQoL Questionnaire (SF-12) was filled out, and a three-day record of food intake was also kept for dietary assessment. The diet of the women consisted of mean values of 1,923 Kcal daily energy, 16% protein, 72% carbohydrate, 12% fat, and 11.32 mg iron. Calcium, zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin E intake were respectively 73, 87.5, 81.7 and 83.53% of the recommended daily allowance. Pilates exercises had a significant effect on flexibility (P=0.002), endurance (P=0.001), muscle strength (P=0.001), body mass index (P=0.001), lean mass (P=0.003), body fat percentage (P=0.001), and quality of life (P=0.001). Therefore, Pilates is an appropriate training to increase body fitness and improve body composition, lean mass, and quality of life in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Najafpour Boushehri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Salman Farsi Street, 75146-33341 Bushehr, Iran
| | - M. Farazmand
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Varzesh Street, 7515895496 Bushehr, Iran
| | - A. Zar
- Department of Sport Science, Persian Gulf University, Mahini Street, 7516913817 Bushehr, Iran
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The Role of Macronutrients, Micronutrients and Flavonoid Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030523. [PMID: 35276879 PMCID: PMC8839902 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is considered an age-related disorder of the skeletal system, characterized primarily by decreased bone mineral density (BMD), microstructural quality and an elevated risk of fragility fractures. This silent disease is increasingly becoming a global epidemic due to an aging population and longer life expectancy. It is known that nutrition and physical activity play an important role in skeletal health, both in achieving the highest BMD and in maintaining bone health. In this review, the role of macronutrients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), micronutrients (minerals—calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, as well as vitamins—D, C, K) and flavonoid polyphenols (quercetin, rutin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringin) which appear to be essential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, are characterized. Moreover, the importance of various naturally available nutrients, whether in the diet or in food supplements, is emphasized. In addition to pharmacotherapy, the basis of osteoporosis prevention is a healthy diet rich mainly in fruits, vegetables, seafood and fish oil supplements, specific dairy products, containing a sufficient amount of all aforementioned nutritional substances along with regular physical activity. The effect of diet alone in this context may depend on an individual’s genotype, gene-diet interactions or the composition and function of the gut microbiota.
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Ali OME. Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Relationship with Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Fibromyalgia: a Systematic Review of the Literature. SN COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL MEDICINE 2022; 4:38. [PMID: 35071984 PMCID: PMC8760589 DOI: 10.1007/s42399-021-01105-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a debilitating chronic condition which poses a therapeutic challenge to the clinician. With a large backlog in patient flow subsequent to the COVID-19 pandemic and rising numbers of patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) presenting with fibromyalgia-like clinical features, there is an increasingly pressing need to identify broad cost-effective interventions. Low levels of vitamin D have previously been reported in patients with fibromyalgia, though any causative link has been difficult to establish. A systematic literature review on the association between vitamin D deficiency and fibromyalgia was performed examining retrospective evidence both for and against an association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and fibromyalgia and evaluating the therapeutic benefit from supplementation. A group of six studies were selected based on relevance, use of controls, quality of research and citations. Four primary studies assessing the prevalence of VDD in fibromyalgia patients versus controls were evaluated with a total 3,496 subjects. Three included females only and one larger study assessed males. Two (n = 313) concluded the presence of a statistically significant association, and two (n = 161) found none. Two randomised controlled trials assessing the effect of vitamin D supplementation in a total of 80 subjects found conflicting results, with pain reduction in one and none in the other. It is likely there exists an association between VDD deficiency and fibromyalgia in a large subset of patients, although establishing primary causation is difficult. There is a need for larger randomised controlled trial designs with more effective comparison with healthy subjects and control for confounding factors. Given VDD is a major problem in the general population, we recommend supplementation be recommended by healthcare professionals to fibromyalgia patients for the purpose of maintaining bone health given their potentially increased susceptibility to developing deficiency and its sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. E. Ali
- School of Medical Education, Newcastle University, 2 Faversham Court, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE3 2XN UK
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The Role of Cannabinoids in Bone Metabolism: A New Perspective for Bone Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212374. [PMID: 34830256 PMCID: PMC8621131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel interest has arisen in recent years regarding bone, which is a very complex and dynamic tissue deputed to several functions ranging from mechanical and protective support to hematopoiesis and calcium homeostasis maintenance. In order to address these tasks, a very refined, continuous remodeling process needs to occur involving the coordinated action of different types of bone cells: osteoblasts (OBs), which have the capacity to produce newly formed bone, and osteoclasts (OCs), which can remove old bone. Bone remodeling is a highly regulated process that requires many hormones and messenger molecules, both at the systemic and the local level. The whole picture is still not fully understood, and the role of novel actors, such as the components of the endocannabinoids system (ECS), including endogenous cannabinoid ligands (ECs), cannabinoid receptors (CBRs), and the enzymes responsible for endogenous ligand synthesis and breakdown, is extremely intriguing. This article reviews the connection between the ECS and skeletal health, supporting the potential use of cannabinoid receptor ligands for the treatment of bone diseases associated with accelerated osteoclastic bone resorption, including osteoporosis and bone metastasis.
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Shahida S, Rehman S, Ilyas N, Khan MI, Hameed U, Hafeez M, Iqbal S, Elboughdiri N, Ghernaout D, Salih AA, Matouq M. Determination of Blood Calcium and Lead Concentrations in Osteoporotic and Osteopenic Patients in Pakistan. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:28373-28378. [PMID: 34723034 PMCID: PMC8552473 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the leading cause of deformity and bones fracture all over the world and has some relationship with the blood concentrations of calcium and lead. Therefore, in the current study, the blood samples of 58 control and 56 clinically diagnosed osteoporotic and osteopenic patients were taken from different hospitals in Pakistan and analyzed for calcium and lead concentrations using atomic absorption spectrometry. In female control samples, the mean calcium value was found to be 98.53 ± 4.81 μg/mL, and in male control samples, the mean blood calcium level was found to be 121.33 ± 7.27 μg/mL. In female control samples, the mean lead value was found to be 0.133 ± 0.005 μg/mL, and in male control samples, the mean lead level was found to be 0.183 ± 0.008 μg/mL. All the male and female control samples showed a mean value of calcium of 115.63 ± 5.2 μg/mL and a mean value of lead of 0.153 ± 0.007 μg/mL. In osteoporotic female patients, the decline in the mean calcium value was found to be 34.93 ± 1.9 μg/mL, and in male patients, the decrease in the mean calcium level was found to be 47.73 ± 2.5 μg/mL. The increase in the mean value of lead in osteoporotic females was 4.13 ± 0.22 μg/mL, whereas in male patients, the increase in the mean lead value was 0.95 ± 0.07 μg/mL. All the male and female patients showed a decrease in the mean value of calcium of 41.43 ± 2.2 μg/mL and an increase in the mean value of Pb of 3.63 ± 0.16 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Shahida
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir 7475, Pakistan
| | - Sohaila Rehman
- Chemistry
Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear
Science and Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Ilyas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir 7475, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Research
Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University
of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Usman Hameed
- Department
of Chemistry, Women University of Azad Jammu
& Kashmir, Bagh 12500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and
Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 12500, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Iqbal
- Chemistry
Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear
Science and Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Noureddine Elboughdiri
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical
Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineers Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6029, Tunisia
| | - Djamel Ghernaout
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blida, P.O. Box 270, Blida 09000, Algeria
| | - Alsamani Ahmed Salih
- Chemical
Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Matouq
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied
University, Amman, P.O. Box 4486, 11131, Jordan
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Bhar S, Bose T, Dutta A, Mande SS. A perspective on the benefits of consumption of parboiled rice over brown rice for glycaemic control. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:615-624. [PMID: 34613432 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rice is a staple food for over 3.5 billion people worldwide. The nutritional content of rice varies with different post-harvest processing techniques. Major varieties include brown rice (BR), white rice (WR) and parboiled rice (PBR). While consumption of BR is advocated due to its higher nutritional content compared to other varieties, some studies have indicated lower post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG) levels when PBR is consumed. This apparent benefit of PBR consumption is not well publicised and no commentaries on underlying mechanisms are available in literature. METHODS In this review, we looked into differential nutrient content of PBR, as compared to BR and WR, and tried to understand how their consumption could be associated with glycaemic control. Various roles played by these nutrients in mechanisms of insulin secretion, insulin resistance, nutrient absorption and T2DM-associated inflammation were reviewed from literature-based evidence. RESULTS We report differential nutritional factors in PBR, with respect to BR (and WR), such as higher calcium and selenium content, lower phytic acids, and enriched vitamin B6 which might aid PBR's ability to provide better glycaemic control than BR. CONCLUSION Our interpretation of reviewed literature leads us to suggest the possible benefits of PBR consumption in glycaemic control and its inclusion as the preferred rice variant in diets of T2DM patients and at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhrajit Bhar
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, 54-B Hadapsar Industrial Estate, Pune, 411 013, India
| | - Tungadri Bose
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, 54-B Hadapsar Industrial Estate, Pune, 411 013, India
| | - Anirban Dutta
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, 54-B Hadapsar Industrial Estate, Pune, 411 013, India.
| | - Sharmila S Mande
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, 54-B Hadapsar Industrial Estate, Pune, 411 013, India.
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Rai SN, Singh P, Steinbusch HW, Vamanu E, Ashraf G, Singh MP. The Role of Vitamins in Neurodegenerative Disease: An Update. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1284. [PMID: 34680401 PMCID: PMC8533313 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquiring the recommended daily allowance of vitamins is crucial for maintaining homeostatic balance in humans and other animals. A deficiency in or dysregulation of vitamins adversely affects the neuronal metabolism, which may lead to neurodegenerative diseases. In this article, we discuss how novel vitamin-based approaches aid in attenuating abnormal neuronal functioning in neurodegeneration-based brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Prion disease. Vitamins show their therapeutic activity in Parkinson's disease by antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, different water- and lipid-soluble vitamins have also prevented amyloid beta and tau pathology. On the other hand, some results also show no correlation between vitamin action and the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Some vitamins also exhibit toxic activity too. This review discusses both the beneficial and null effects of vitamin supplementation for neurological disorders. The detailed mechanism of action of both water- and lipid-soluble vitamins is addressed in the manuscript. Hormesis is also an essential factor that is very helpful to determine the effective dose of vitamins. PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were employed to conduct the literature search of original articles, review articles, and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachchida Nand Rai
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India;
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India;
| | - Harry W.M. Steinbusch
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, The University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ghulam Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohan Prasad Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India;
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Bugeja M, Curmi A, Desira D, Bologna GA, Galea F, Esposito I. Hip Fractures in Malta: Are we Missing an Opportunity? Surg J (N Y) 2021; 7:e184-e190. [PMID: 34307876 PMCID: PMC8298135 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a bone disease that is both preventable and treatable. It usually becomes evident when a fragility fracture occurs. Unfortunately, most studies show that only a small percentage of individuals at increased risk of fracture are assessed and treated, even following a fragility fracture. Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether patients suffering from a low-energy hip fractures in the Maltese Islands are given osteoporosis treatment. Method All patients older than 50 years presenting to the acute care hospitals in Malta and Gozo with a fragility hip fracture during December 1, 2015 and November 30, 2016 were included. Data on mortality, other fragility fractures, prescription of calcium, vitamin D, and antiresorptive therapy were collected. Results Calcium with vitamin D supplements were prescribed to 40% of patients; however, only 2.64% of patients were given pharmacological therapy. Following a hip fracture, the mortality rate was 18.5% at 1 year and 26.21% at 2 years. Apart from a high mortality rate, 28.19% of individuals sustained another fragility fracture before or after the hip fracture. Conclusion There should be increased osteoporosis awareness in Malta and a national bone mineral density screening program should be set up. An active role of the orthogeriatrics team in the management and treatment of osteoporosis following a fragility fracture might improve treatment rate and decrease refracture and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bugeja
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - Arthur Curmi
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - Daniel Desira
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | | | - Francesco Galea
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
| | - Ivan Esposito
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta
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Yun JN, Kan HS, Yeun JS, Kim JH, Lee M, Kim N, Oh TY, Nam SK, Choi YS, Kwon IS, Hoe KL, Hong JH. Bioequivalence for a Fixed-Dose Combination Formulation of Bazedoxifene and Cholecalciferol Compared With the Corresponding Single Entities Given Together. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021; 10:850-858. [PMID: 34190419 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A fixed-dose combination (FDC) formulation of bazedoxifene 20 mg and cholecalciferol 8 mg was developed to increase medication compliance and convenience for osteoporosis patients. This study was conducted to demonstrate bioequivalence by comparing the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles and tolerability of an FDC tablet and the individual component tablets. A randomized, open-label, single-dosing, 2-treatment, 2-period, 2-sequence crossover study was conducted in 52 healthy subjects. All subjects were randomly assigned to 2 sequences, and they received FDC tablets of bazedoxifene and cholecalciferol and individual component tablets. Serial blood samples for PK evaluation were collected up to 24 hours predose and 120 hours postdose, and the PK parameters were estimated by noncompartmental methods. Throughout the study, tolerability was assessed based on adverse events, vital signs, and clinical laboratory tests. Of the enrolled 52 subjects, 47 subjects completed the study. The results, the geometric mean ratios (GMRs) and 90% confidence intervals (90%CIs), of bazedoxifene Cmax and AUC0-t for FDC to single entities given together were 0.98 (0.91-1.05) and 1.02 (0.97-1.07), respectively. The GMRs (90%CIs) of cholecalciferol Cmax and AUC0-t for FDC to single entities given together were 0.96 (0.91-1.00) and 0.94 (0.90-0.99), respectively. Overall, the GMRs (90%CIs) of the PK parameter of bazedoxifene and cholecalciferol fell within the conventional bioequivalence range of 0.8-1.25. There were no clinically significant differences in the safety profile between the 2 treatments. In conclusion, this study confirmed the development of a new FDC drug by demonstrating that the FDC formulation of bazedoxifene and cholecalciferol is biologically equivalent to the coadministered individual formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Nam Yun
- Department of New Drug Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Su Kan
- Center for Infectious Diseases Control, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Yeun
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyu Lee
- Huons Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namsick Kim
- Huons Co., Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - In Sun Kwon
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Lae Hoe
- Department of New Drug Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hee Hong
- Clinical Trials Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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50
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Immunological Response to SARS-CoV-2 Is Sustained by Vitamin D: A Case Presentation of One-Year Follow-Up. REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/reports4020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is necessary for normal bone development and conservation. Moreover, it has extraskeletal effects, which play a pivotal role as a modulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Many studies have highlighted the beneficial effect of vitamin D in protecting against acute respiratory viral infection, including COVID-19. Within this context, we described the effect of vitamin D supplementation in the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were assessed in a cohort of twenty-two subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 by chemiluminescence assay (CLIA). Among them, a 61-year-old nurse undergoing vitamin D therapy showed a positive IgG response against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid over nine months after infection, suggesting vitamin D played a role in modulating early antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. This result provides evidence of a positive effect of vitamin D on the decrease of functional humoral immunity.
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