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Do SQ, Nguyen HT, Wakai T, Funahashi H. Exogenous expression of PGC-1α during in vitro maturation impairs the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Theriogenology 2024; 228:30-36. [PMID: 39089072 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives of the current study were to examine the effects of exogenous expression of PGC-1α, which is a transcription factor responsive for controlling mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, mitochondria quantity control, mitochondrial biogenesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) maintenance, in porcine oocytes during in-vitro maturation (IVM) on the developmental competence, as well as mitochondrial quantity and function. Exogenous over-expression of PGC-1α by injection of the mRNA construct into oocytes 20 h after the start of IVM culture significantly increased the copy number of mtDNA in the oocytes, but reduced the incidences of oocytes matured to the metaphase-II stage after the IVM culture for totally 44 h and completely suppressed the early development in vitro to the blastocyst stage following parthenogenetic activation. The exogenous expression of PGC-1α also significantly induced spindle defects and chromosome misalignments. Furthermore, markedly higher ROS levels were observed in the PGC-1α-overexpressed mature oocytes, whereas mRNA level of SOD1, encoded for a ROS scavenging enzyme, was decreased. These results conclude that forced expression of PGC-1α successfully increase mtDNA copy number but led to increased ROS production, evidently by downregulation of SOD1 gene expression, inducement of spindle aberration/chromosomal misalignment, and consequently reduction in the meiotic and developmental competences of porcine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son Quang Do
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hai Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Wakai
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Funahashi
- Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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Mucke HA. Patent highlights October-November 2023. Pharm Pat Anal 2024; 13:23-29. [PMID: 39324858 DOI: 10.1080/20468954.2024.2389765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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Huang S, Jin Y, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Chen N, Wang W. PPAR gamma and PGC-1alpha activators protect against diabetic nephropathy by suppressing the inflammation and NF-kappaB activation. Nephrology (Carlton) 2024. [PMID: 39229715 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM Inflammation plays a critical role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its coactivator PPARγ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular energy metabolism but inhibit inflammation. However, the molecular mechanism through which these two proteins cooperate in the kidney remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate this mechanism. METHODS HK-2 human proximal tubular cells were stimulated by inflammatory factors, the expression of PPARγ and PGC-1α were determined via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting (WB), and DNA binding capacity was measured by an EMSA. Furthermore, db/db mice were used to establish a diabetic nephropathy model and were administered PPARγ and PGC-1α activators. Kidney injury was evaluated microscopically, and the inflammatory response was assessed via WB, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. Besides, HK-2 cells were stimulated by high glucose and inflammatory factors with and without ZLN005 treatment, the expression of PPARγ, PGC-1α, p-p65 and p65 were determined via qPCR and WB. RESULTS Our results revealed that both TNF-α and IL-1β significantly decreased PPARγ and PGC-1 expression in vitro. Cytokines obviously decreased PPARγ DNA binding capacity. Moreover, we detected rapid activation of the NF-κB pathway in the presence of TNF-α or IL-1β. PPARγ and PGC-1α activators effectively protected against diabetic nephropathy and suppressed NF-κB expression both in db/db mice and HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION PPARγ and its coactivator PGC-1α actively participate in protecting against renal inflammation by regulating the NF-κB pathway, which highlights their potential as therapeutic targets for renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanmeng Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kuang J, Fang J, Hu S, Yang X, Fan X. MECHANISM OF MICRORNA-218-5P IN MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS OF SEPSIS-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY BY THE REGULATION OF PGC-1Α. Shock 2024; 62:426-436. [PMID: 38888503 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) is a kind of kidney dysfunction, which brings a lot of suffering. This study aimed to figure out the role of the miR-218-5p/PGC-1α axis in SI-AKI. Methods: AKI mouse model was established through cecal ligation and puncture. PGC-1α expression was activated using an activator ZLN005 before the serum and tissue samples were collected. Next, pathological structure and apoptosis of kidney tissues were observed. Levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and indicators of inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed. Moreover, reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential levels, adenosine 5'-triphosphate content, and mitochondrial ultrastructure of kidney tissues were observed. HK2 cells were treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic sepsis in vitro , followed by evaluation of cell survival and apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Subsequently, the binding relation between PGC-1α and miR-218-5p was predicted and validated. Then expression of PGC-1α and miR-218-5p was detected. PGC-1α and miR-218-5p expression were intervened to detect their influences in mitochondrial biogenesis. At last, miR-218-5p was overexpressed in ZLN005 (PGC-1α activating agent) pretreated SI-AKI mice to validate the mechanism. Results: PGC-1α is poorly expressed in SI-AKI, but overexpression of PGC-1α using ZLN005 alleviated SI-AKI injury and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis in AKI mice, and relieved LPS-induced cell injury. PGC-1α is a target of miR-218-5p. Downregulation of miR-218-5p expression in HK2 cells attenuated mitochondrial biogenesis disorder. Inhibition of PGC-1α annulled the role of miR-218-5p silencing in cells. In vivo , miR-218-5p overexpression partly reversed the protective role of ZLN005 in SI-AKI mice. Conclusion: miR-218-5p targeted PGC-1α to disrupt mitochondrial biogenesis, thereby exacerbating SI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kuang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Department of Liver-Gallbladder and Gastric Diseases, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuli Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuhong Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuepeng Fan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
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He C, Gai H, Zhao W, Zhang H, Lai L, Ding C, Chen L, Ding J. Advances in the Study of Etiology and Molecular Mechanisms of Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1721-1734. [PMID: 38849694 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), a multifactorial progressive disorder, results from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, with its underlying mechanisms remaining unclear. Several pathological factors are believed to contribute to SNHL, including genetic factors, ion homeostasis, cell apoptosis, immune inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, hormones, metabolic syndrome, human cytomegalovirus infection, mitochondrial damage, and impaired autophagy. These factors collectively interact and play significant roles in the onset and progression of SNHL. The present review offers a comprehensive overview of the various factors that contribute to SNHL, emphasizes recent developments in understanding its etiology, and explores relevant preventive and intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cairong He
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongcun Gai
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Haiqin Zhang
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Lai
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Chenyu Ding
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
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Tohme C, Haykal T, Yang R, Austin TJ, Loughran P, Geller DA, Simmons RL, Tohme S, Yazdani HO. ZLN005, a PGC-1α Activator, Protects the Liver against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and the Progression of Hepatic Metastases. Cells 2024; 13:1448. [PMID: 39273020 PMCID: PMC11393917 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise can promote sustainable protection against cold and warm liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and tumor metastases. We have shown that this protection is by the induction of hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. In this study, we hypothesize that ZLN005, a PGC-1α activator, can be utilized as an alternative therapeutic strategy. METHODS Eight-week-old mice were pretreated with ZLN005 and subjected to liver warm IRI. To establish a liver metastatic model, MC38 cancer cells (1 × 106) were injected into the spleen, followed by splenectomy and liver IRI. RESULTS ZLN005-pretreated mice showed a significant decrease in IRI-induced tissue injury as measured by serum ALT/AST/LDH levels and tissue necrosis. ZLN005 pretreatment decreased ROS generation and cell apoptosis at the site of injury, with a significant decrease in serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, innate immune cells infiltration, and intrahepatic neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Moreover, mitochondrial mass was significantly upregulated in hepatocytes and maintained after IRI. This was confirmed in murine and human hepatocytes treated with ZLN005 in vitro under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Additionally, ZLN005 preconditioning significantly attenuated tumor burden and increased the percentage of intratumoral cytotoxic T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the effective protection of ZLN005 pretreatment as a therapeutic alternative in terms of acute liver injury and tumor metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Tohme
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tony Haykal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Taylor J Austin
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Patricia Loughran
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Center for Biologic Imaging, Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Richard L Simmons
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Samer Tohme
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hamza O Yazdani
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Yazdani HO, Yang R, Haykal T, Tohme C, Kaltenmeier C, Wang R, Nakano R, Nigmet Y, Gambella A, Loughran P, Hughes CB, Geller DA, Tohme S. Exercise Preconditioning of the Donor Liver Decreases Cold Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in a Mouse Model. Transplantation 2024:00007890-990000000-00848. [PMID: 39172946 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000005176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation stands as the primary treatment for end-stage liver disease, with demand surging in recent decades because of expanded indications. However, hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury can lead to liver transplant failure in both deceased donor and living donor transplantation. This study explored whether preconditioning donor livers through exercise training (ExT) could mitigate cold ischemic injury posttransplantation. METHODS Donor C57BL/6 mice underwent ExT via treadmill running or remained sedentary. After 4 wk, the donor liver underwent cold storage and subsequent orthotopic liver transplantation or ex vivo warm reperfusion. RESULTS Donor liver from mice subjected to ExT showed significantly decreased hepatic injury on reperfusion. Tissue histology revealed decreased sinusoidal congestion, vacuolization, and hepatocellular necrosis in livers from ExT mice, and immunofluorescence staining further revealed a decreased number of apoptotic cells in ExT grafts. Livers from ExT donors expressed decreased intragraft inflammatory cytokines cascade, decreased neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular traps, and increased M2 phenotype of recipient macrophages compared with grafts from sedentary mice. After cold storage, liver grafts from ExT donors showed decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and decreased levels of cytochrome c and high mobility group box 1 released in the liver effluent. In addition, ExT grafts showed upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and higher levels of mitochondrial content. Similar effects of decreased hepatic injury were observed in wild-type mice when pretreated with a PGC-1α stimulator ZLN005 instead of ExT. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that augmenting hepatocytic mitochondrial content through donor exercise or PGC-1α stimulation may offer therapeutic avenues to mitigate postreperfusion inflammation and improve transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza O Yazdani
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ruiqi Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tony Haykal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Celine Tohme
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Ronghua Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ryosuke Nakano
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yermek Nigmet
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Alessandro Gambella
- Division of Liver and Transplant Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Patricia Loughran
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Christopher B Hughes
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Samer Tohme
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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Hong WL, Huang H, Zeng X, Duan CY. Targeting mitochondrial quality control: new therapeutic strategies for major diseases. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:59. [PMID: 39164792 PMCID: PMC11337860 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining the normal physiological state of cells. Hence, ensuring mitochondrial quality control is imperative for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Previous reviews on this topic have however been inconsistencies and lack of systematic organization. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of mitochondrial quality control and explore the possibility of targeting the same for the treatment of major diseases. This review systematically summarizes three fundamental characteristics of mitochondrial quality control, including mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, function and metabolism, and protein expression and regulation. It also extensively examines how imbalances in mitochondrial quality are linked to major diseases, such as ischemia-hypoxia, inflammatory disorders, viral infections, metabolic dysregulations, degenerative conditions, and tumors. Additionally, the review explores innovative approaches to target mitochondrial quality control, including using small molecule drugs that regulate critical steps in maintaining mitochondrial quality, nanomolecular materials designed for precise targeting of mitochondria, and novel cellular therapies, such as vesicle therapy and mitochondrial transplantation. This review offers a novel perspective on comprehending the shared mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of major diseases and provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the clinical implementation of innovative therapeutic strategies that target mitochondrial quality control for treating major diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xue Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Chen-Yang Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Yu L, Wu N, Choi O, Nguyen KD. Inhibition of glycolytic reprogramming suppresses innate immune-mediated inflammation in experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Inflamm Res 2024:10.1007/s00011-024-01935-z. [PMID: 39167140 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate immune activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, metabolic pathways that govern this bioenergetically demanding process in ALS remains elusive. Here we investigated whether and how immunometabolic transformation of innate immune cells contributes to disease progression in an experimental model of this neurodegenerative disease. METHODS We utilized multidimensional flow cytometry and integrative metabolomics to characterize the immunometabolic phenotype of circulating and spinal cord innate immune cells in the B6SJL-Tg(SOD1*G93A)1Gur/J model of ALS (SOD1-G93A) at various disease stages (before vs. after the onset of motor dysfunction). Behavioral and survival analyses were also conducted to determine the impact of an energy-regulating compound on innate immune cell metabolism, inflammation, and disease development. RESULTS Temporally coordinated accumulation of circulating inflammatory Ly6C + monocytes and spinal cord F4/80 + CD45hi infiltrates precedes the onset of motor dysfunction in SOD1-G93A mice. Subsequent metabolomic analysis reveals that this phenomenon is accompanied by glycolytic reprogramming of spinal cord inflammatory CD11b + cells, comprising both resident F4/80 + CD45low microglia and F4/80 + CD45hi infiltrates. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of glycolysis by ZLN005, a small molecule activator of Ppargc1a, restrains inflammatory glycolytic activation of spinal cord CD11b + cells, enhances motor function, and prolongs survival in SOD1-G93A mice. CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest that modulation of inflammatory glycolytic reprogramming of innate immune cells may represent a promising therapeutic approach in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Yu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nancy Wu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Okmi Choi
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Khoa Dinh Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Luo Y, Bollag WB. The Role of PGC-1α in Aging Skin Barrier Function. Cells 2024; 13:1135. [PMID: 38994987 PMCID: PMC11240425 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin provides a physical and immune barrier to protect the body from foreign substances, microbial invasion, and desiccation. Aging reduces the barrier function of skin and its rate of repair. Aged skin exhibits decreased mitochondrial function and prolonged low-level inflammation that can be seen in other organs with aging. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), an important transcriptional coactivator, plays a central role in modulating mitochondrial function and antioxidant production. Mitochondrial function and inflammation have been linked to epidermal function, but the mechanisms are unclear. The aim of this review is to discuss the mechanisms by which PGC-1α might exert a positive effect on aged skin barrier function. Initially, we provide an overview of the function of skin under physiological and aging conditions, focusing on the epidermis. We then discuss mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and inflamm-aging, the chronic low-level inflammation observed in aging individuals. Finally, we discuss the effects of PGC-1α on mitochondrial function, as well as the regulation and role of PGC-1α in the aging epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Tian Z, Li J, Tang H, Liu W, Hou H, Wang C, Li D, Chen G, Xia T, Wang A. ZLN005 alleviates PBDE-47 induced impairment of mitochondrial translation and neurotoxicity through PGC-1α/ERRα axis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134331. [PMID: 38677116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies are identified the mitochondria as critical targets of 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) induced neurotoxicity. This study aimed at examining the impact of PBDE-47 exposure on mitochondrial translation, and its subsequent effect on PBDE-47 neurotoxicity. The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model and neuroendocrine pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were adopted for the measurements of mitochondrial ATP levels, mitochondrial translation products, and expressions of important mitochondrial regulators, such as required meiotic nuclear division 1 (RMND1), estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α). To delve into the role of PGC-1α/ERRα axis in mitochondrial translation, 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl) benzimidazole (ZLN005) was employed. Both cellular and animal model results shown that PBDE-47 impeded PGC-1α/ERRα axis and mitochondrial translation. PBDE-47 suppressed mitochondrial function in rat hippocampus and PC12 cells by decreasing relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, mitochondrial translation products, and mitochondrial ATP levels. Particularly, ZLN005 reversed PBDE-47 neurotoxicity by enhancing mitochondrial translation through activation of PGC-1α/ERRα axis, yet suppressing PGC-1α with siRNA attenuates its neuroprotective effect in vitro. In conclusion, this work highlights the importance of mitochondrial translation in PBDE-47 neurotoxicity by presenting results from cellular and animal models and suggests a potential therapeutic approach through activation of PGC-1α/ERRα axis. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: PBDEs have attracted extensive attention because of their high lipophilicity, persistence, and detection levels in various environmental media. Increasing evidence has shown that neurodevelopmental disorders in children are associated with PBDE exposure. Several studies have also found that perinatal PBDE exposure can cause long-lasting neurobehavioral abnormalities in experimental animals. Our recent studies have also demonstrated the impact of PBDE-47 exposure on mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, leading to memory and neurobehavioral deficits. Therefore, we explore whether the pathological mechanism of PBDE-47-induced neurotoxicity involves the regulation of mitochondrial translation through the PGC-1α/ERRα axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayang Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoqi Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoshuai Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Liu S, Li K, He Y, Chen S, Yang W, Chen X, Feng S, Xiong L, Peng Y, Shao Z. PGC1α-Inducing Senomorphic Nanotherapeutics Functionalized with NKG2D-Overexpressing Cell Membranes for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400749. [PMID: 38554394 PMCID: PMC11165536 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a significant contributor to intervertebral disc aging and degeneration. However, the application of senotherapies, such as senomorphics targeting senescence markers and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), remains limited due to challenges in precise delivery. Given that the natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) ligands are increased on the surface of senescent nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, the NKG2D-overexpressing NP cell membranes (NNPm) are constructed, which is expected to achieve a dual targeting effect toward senescent NP cells based on homologous membrane fusion and the NKG2D-mediated immunosurveillance mechanism. Then, mesoporous silica nanoparticles carrying a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-ɣ coactivator 1α (PGC1α)inducer (SP) are coated with NNPm (SP@NNPm) and it is found that SP@NNPm selectively targets senescent NP cells, and the SP cores exhibit pH-responsive drug release. Moreover, SP@NNPm effectively induces PGC1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and mitigates senescence-associated markers induced by oxidative stress and the SASP, thereby alleviating puncture-induced senescence and disc degeneration. This dual-targeting nanotherapeutic system represents a novel approach to delivery senomorphics for disc degeneration treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Kanglu Li
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Yuxin He
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Xuanzuo Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250033China
- Department of OrthopedicsQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan250012China
- Department of OrthopedicsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300052China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of OrthopedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
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13
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Wang J, Zhao P, Cheng P, Zhang Z, Yang S, Wang J, Wang X, Zhu G. Exploring the effect of Anshen Dingzhi prescription on hippocampal mitochondrial signals in single prolonged stress mouse model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117713. [PMID: 38181935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
HEADINGS ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anshen Dingzhi prescription (ADP), which was first published in the masterpiece of traditional Chinese Medicine in the Qing Dynasty, "Yi Xue Xin Wu" (1732 CE), is documented to interrupt panic-related disorders. However, the mechanism of its action is still not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the effects of ADP on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-like behaviors and explore the mechanism from perspective of sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α)-dependent mitochondrial function. MATERIALS AND METHODS The changes of SIRT1-PGC-1α signal and mitochondrial function were evaluated in the hippocampus of mice receiving single prolonged stress (SPS). Later, the roles of this signaling pathway played in fear memory generalization and anxiety-like behavior in SPS mice was investigated using two agonists of this signaling pathway. On this basis, the effects of ADP (36.8 mg/kg) with definite therapeutic effects, on mitochondrial function were investigated and further confirmed by a SIRT1 inhibitor. Finally, the possible components of ADP targeting PGC-1α were monitored through bioinformatics. RESULTS Compared with control mice, SIRT1-PGC-1α signal in the hippocampus was impaired in SPS mice, accompanied with dysfunction of mitochondria and abnormal expression of synaptic proteins. The agonists of SIRT1-PGC-1α signal, ZLN005, as well as resveratrol improved the behavioral changes of mice caused by SPS, reversed the decline of proteins in SIRT1-PGC-1α signal, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the abnormal expression of synaptic proteins. The fingerprint was established for the quality control of ADP. At a dose of 36.8 mg/kg, ADP could prevent fear memory generalization and anxiety-like behavior in SPS mice. Mechanically, ADP promoted SIRT1-PGC-1α signal and repaired mitochondrial function. Importantly, SIRT1 inhibitor, selisistat eliminated the ameliorative effects of ADP on behavioral and mitochondrial function. Through molecular docking simulation, the brain-entering components of ADP, including malkangunin, Rg5, fumarine, frutinone A, celabenzine, and inermin had high binding energy with PGC-1α. CONCLUSION Dysfunction of SIRT1-PGC-1α-dependent mitochondrial function is attributed to SPS-triggered fear generalization and anxiety-like behavior, and ADP could improve PTSD-like behaviors likely through activating this signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinical Medical Research Center of Anhui Province, The Second Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230061, China
| | - Jingji Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinical Medical Research Center of Anhui Province, The Second Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230061, China
| | - Xuncui Wang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain Diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Qian L, Zhu Y, Deng C, Liang Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Tian Y, Yang Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family in physiological and pathophysiological process and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:50. [PMID: 38424050 PMCID: PMC10904817 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family (PGC-1s), consisting of three members encompassing PGC-1α, PGC-1β, and PGC-1-related coactivator (PRC), was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. PGC-1s are essential coordinators of many vital cellular events, including mitochondrial functions, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, and inflammation. Accumulating evidence has shown that PGC-1s are implicated in many diseases, such as cancers, cardiac diseases and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, kidney diseases, motor system diseases, and metabolic disorders. Examining the upstream modulators and co-activated partners of PGC-1s and identifying critical biological events modulated by downstream effectors of PGC-1s contribute to the presentation of the elaborate network of PGC-1s. Furthermore, discussing the correlation between PGC-1s and diseases as well as summarizing the therapy targeting PGC-1s helps make individualized and precise intervention methods. In this review, we summarize basic knowledge regarding the PGC-1s family as well as the molecular regulatory network, discuss the physio-pathological roles of PGC-1s in human diseases, review the application of PGC-1s, including the diagnostic and prognostic value of PGC-1s and several therapies in pre-clinical studies, and suggest several directions for future investigations. This review presents the immense potential of targeting PGC-1s in the treatment of diseases and hopefully facilitates the promotion of PGC-1s as new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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15
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Yang YN, Zhang MQ, Yu FL, Bing Han, Bao MY, Yan He, Li X, Zhang Y. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Coactivator-1α in the Spotlight with Multiple Sclerosis. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:268-272. [PMID: 37715922 PMCID: PMC10838881 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01114-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Mao-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Feng-Lin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Bing Han
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ming-Yue Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710119, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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Wang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Focus on Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain: Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Renal Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:949. [PMID: 38256023 PMCID: PMC10815764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The function of the respiratory chain is closely associated with kidney function, and the dysfunction of the respiratory chain is a primary pathophysiological change in chronic kidney failure. The incidence of chronic kidney failure caused by defects in respiratory-chain-related genes has frequently been overlooked. Correcting abnormal metabolic reprogramming, rescuing the "toxic respiratory chain", and targeting the clearance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are potential therapies for treating chronic kidney failure. These treatments have shown promising results in slowing fibrosis and inflammation progression and improving kidney function in various animal models of chronic kidney failure and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The mitochondrial respiratory chain is a key target worthy of attention in the treatment of chronic kidney failure. This review integrated research related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain and chronic kidney failure, primarily elucidating the pathological status of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in chronic kidney failure and potential therapeutic drugs. It provided new ideas for the treatment of kidney failure and promoted the development of drugs targeting the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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17
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Zhang G, Jiang P, Tang W, Wang Y, Qiu F, An J, Zheng Y, Wu D, Zhou J, Neculai D, Shi Y, Sheng W. CPT1A induction following epigenetic perturbation promotes MAVS palmitoylation and activation to potentiate antitumor immunity. Mol Cell 2023; 83:4370-4385.e9. [PMID: 38016475 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Targeting epigenetic regulators to potentiate anti-PD-1 immunotherapy converges on the activation of type I interferon (IFN-I) response, mimicking cellular response to viral infection, but how its strength and duration are regulated to impact combination therapy efficacy remains largely unknown. Here, we show that mitochondrial CPT1A downregulation following viral infection restrains, while its induction by epigenetic perturbations sustains, a double-stranded RNA-activated IFN-I response. Mechanistically, CPT1A recruits the endoplasmic reticulum-localized ZDHHC4 to catalyze MAVS Cys79-palmitoylation, which promotes MAVS stabilization and activation by inhibiting K48- but facilitating K63-linked ubiquitination. Further elevation of CPT1A incrementally increases MAVS palmitoylation and amplifies the IFN-I response, which enhances control of viral infection and epigenetic perturbation-induced antitumor immunity. Moreover, CPT1A chemical inducers augment the therapeutic effect of combined epigenetic treatment with PD-1 blockade in refractory tumors. Our study identifies CPT1A as a stabilizer of MAVS activation, and its link to epigenetic perturbation can be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiheng Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Respiratory Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peishan Jiang
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Respiratory Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyi Wang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Fengqi Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie An
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Respiratory Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuping Zheng
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianya Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dante Neculai
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| | - Wanqiang Sheng
- Institute of Immunology, and Department of Respiratory Disease of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Guo P, Lu Q, Hu S, Yang Y, Wang X, Yang X, Wang X. Daucosterol confers protection against T-2 toxin induced blood-brain barrier toxicity through the PGC-1α-mediated defensive response in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132262. [PMID: 37604032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a common environmental pollutant and contaminant in food and animal feed that represents a great challenge to human and animal' health throughout the world. Using natural compounds to prevent the detrimental effects of T-2 toxin represents an attractive strategy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a critical regulator in various cellular processes. Recently, PGC-1α activation has been reported to confer protection against neurological injuries. We aimed to identify a potent PGC-1α activator from plants as a chemopreventive compound and to demonstrate the efficacy of the compound in attenuating T-2 toxin-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) toxicity. We identified daucosterol, which binds directly to the 71-74 (-1100 to -1000 bp) position of the second promoter of human PGC-1α by hydrogen bonding. An in vitro and in vivo T-2 toxin induced BBB injury model revealed that this compound can protect against this injury by increasing transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance, reducing sodium fluorescein (NaF) infiltration and increasing the expression of tight junction-related proteins (zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin (OCLN), claudin-5 (CLDN5)) expression. In conclusion, we identified daucosterol as representing a novel of PGC-1α activators and illustrated the mechanism of specific binding site. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using natural compounds targeting PGC-1α as a therapeutic approach to protect humans from environmental insults that may occur daily such as lipopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Siyi Hu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yaqin Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Taya T, Teruyama F, Gojo S. Host-directed therapy for bacterial infections -Modulation of the phagolysosome pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1227467. [PMID: 37841276 PMCID: PMC10570837 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections still impose a significant burden on humanity, even though antimicrobial agents have long since been developed. In addition to individual severe infections, the f fatality rate of sepsis remains high, and the threat of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria grows with time, putting us at inferiority. Although tremendous resources have been devoted to the development of antimicrobial agents, we have yet to recover from the lost ground we have been driven into. Looking back at the evolution of treatment for cancer, which, like infectious diseases, has the similarity that host immunity eliminates the lesion, the development of drugs to eliminate the tumor itself has shifted from a single-minded focus on drug development to the establishment of a treatment strategy in which the de-suppression of host immunity is another pillar of treatment. In infectious diseases, on the other hand, the development of therapies that strengthen and support the immune system has only just begun. Among innate immunity, the first line of defense that bacteria encounter after invading the host, the molecular mechanisms of the phagolysosome pathway, which begins with phagocytosis to fusion with lysosome, have been elucidated in detail. Bacteria have a large number of strategies to escape and survive the pathway. Although the full picture is still unfathomable, the molecular mechanisms have been elucidated for some of them, providing sufficient clues for intervention. In this article, we review the host defense mechanisms and bacterial evasion mechanisms and discuss the possibility of host-directed therapy for bacterial infection by intervening in the phagolysosome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Taya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumiya Teruyama
- Pharmacology Research Department, Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gojo
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Yang YN, Zhang MQ, Yu FL, Han B, Bao MY, Yan-He, Li X, Zhang Y. Peroxisom proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α in neurodegenerative disorders: A promising therapeutic target. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115717. [PMID: 37516277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by progressive loss of selectively vulnerable neuronal populations and myelin sheath, leading to behavioral and cognitive dysfunction that adversely affect the quality of life. Identifying novel therapies that attenuate the progression of NDDs would be of significance. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a widely expressed transcriptional regulator, modulates the expression of genes engaged in mitochondrial biosynthesis, metabolic regulation, and oxidative stress (OS). Emerging evidences point to the strong connection between PGC-1α and NDDs, suggesting its positive impaction on the progression of NDDs. Therefore, it is urgent to gain a deeper and broader understanding between PGC-1α and NDDs. To this end, this review presents a comprehensive overview of PGC-1α, including its basic characteristics, the post-translational modulations, as well as the interacting transcription factors. Secondly, the pathogenesis of PGC-1α in various NDDs, such as Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD) is briefly discussed. Additionally, this study summarizes the underlying mechanisms that PGC-1α is neuroprotective in NDDs via regulating neuroinflammation, OS, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, we briefly outline the shortcomings of current NDDs drug therapy, and summarize the functions and potential applications of currently available PGC-1α modulators (activator or inhibitors). Generally, this review updates our insight of the important role of PGC-1α on the development of NDDs, and provides a promising therapeutic target/ drug for the treatment of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Mao-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Feng-Lin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Bing Han
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Ming-Yue Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yan-He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
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21
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Cao Y, Zheng J, Wan H, Sun Y, Fu S, Liu S, He B, Cai G, Cao Y, Huang H, Li Q, Ma Y, Chen S, Wang F, Jiang H. A mitochondrial SCF-FBXL4 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex degrades BNIP3 and NIX to restrain mitophagy and prevent mitochondrial disease. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113033. [PMID: 36896912 PMCID: PMC10308365 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a fundamental quality control mechanism of mitochondria. Its regulatory mechanisms and pathological implications remain poorly understood. Here, via a mitochondria-targeted genetic screen, we found that knockout (KO) of FBXL4, a mitochondrial disease gene, hyperactivates mitophagy at basal conditions. Subsequent counter screen revealed that FBXL4-KO hyperactivates mitophagy via two mitophagy receptors BNIP3 and NIX. We determined that FBXL4 functions as an integral outer-membrane protein that forms an SCF-FBXL4 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex. SCF-FBXL4 ubiquitinates BNIP3 and NIX to target them for degradation. Pathogenic FBXL4 mutations disrupt SCF-FBXL4 assembly and impair substrate degradation. Fbxl4-/- mice exhibit elevated BNIP3 and NIX proteins, hyperactive mitophagy, and perinatal lethality. Importantly, knockout of either Bnip3 or Nix rescues metabolic derangements and viability of the Fbxl4-/- mice. Together, beyond identifying SCF-FBXL4 as a novel mitochondrial ubiquitin E3 ligase restraining basal mitophagy, our results reveal hyperactivated mitophagy as a cause of mitochondrial disease and suggest therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
| | - Jing Zheng
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
| | - Huayun Wan
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
| | - Yuqiu Sun
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Song Fu
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shanshan Liu
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
| | - Baiyu He
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesChina Agriculture UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Gaihong Cai
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang Cao
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Huanwei Huang
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qi Li
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hui Jiang
- College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- National Institute of Biological SciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cell Biology for Animal AgingBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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22
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Huang S, Chen X, Pan J, Zhang H, Ke J, Gao L, Yu Chang AC, Zhang J, Zhang H. Hydrogen sulfide alleviates heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in mice by targeting mitochondrial abnormalities via PGC-1α. Nitric Oxide 2023; 136-137:12-23. [PMID: 37182786 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Increasing evidence has proposed that mitochondrial abnormalities may be an important factor contributing to the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been suggested to play a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial function. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the protective effect of H2S on mitochondrial dysfunction in a multifactorial mouse model of HFpEF. METHODS Wild type, 8-week-old, male C57BL/6J mice or cardiomyocyte specific-Cse (Cystathionine γ-lyase, a major H2S-producing enzyme) knockout mice (CSEcko) were given high-fat diet (HFD) and l-NAME (an inhibitor of constitutive nitric oxide synthases) or standardized chow. After 4 weeks, mice were randomly administered with NaHS (a conventional H2S donor), ZLN005 (a potent transcriptional activator of PGC-1α) or vehicle. After additional 4 weeks, echocardiogram and mitochondrial function were evaluated. Expression of PGC-1α, NRF1 and TFAM in cardiomyocytes was assayed by western blot. RESULTS Challenging with HFD and l-NAME in mice not only caused HFpEF but also inhibited the production of endogenous H2S in a time-dependent manner. Meanwhile the expression of PGC-1α and mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes were impaired. Supplementation with NaHS not only upregulated the expression of PGC-1α, NRF1 and TFAM in cardiomyocytes but also restored mitochondrial function and ultrastructure, conferring an obvious improvement in cardiac diastolic function. In contrast, cardiac deletion of CSE gene aggravated the inhibition of PGC-1α-NRF1-TFAM pathway, mitochondrial abnormalities and diastolic dysfunction. The deleterious effect observed in CSEcko HFpEF mice was partially counteracted by pre-treatment with ZLN005 or supplementation with NaHS. CONCLUSION Our findings have demonstrated that H2S ameliorates left ventricular diastolic dysfunction by restoring mitochondrial abnormalities via upregulating PGC-1α and its downstream targets NRF1 and TFAM, suggesting the therapeutic potential of H2S supplementation in multifactorial HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahan Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex Chia Yu Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huili Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Suzuki Y, Kami D, Taya T, Sano A, Ogata T, Matoba S, Gojo S. ZLN005 improves the survival of polymicrobial sepsis by increasing the bacterial killing via inducing lysosomal acidification and biogenesis in phagocytes. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1089905. [PMID: 36820088 PMCID: PMC9938763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1089905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymicrobial sepsis still has a high mortality rate despite the development of antimicrobial agents, elaborate strategies to protect major organs, and the investment of numerous medical resources. Mitochondrial dysfunction, which acts as the center of energy metabolism, is clearly the basis of pathogenesis. Drugs that act on PGC1α, the master regulator of mitochondrial biosynthesis, have shown useful effects in the treatment of sepsis; therefore, we investigated the efficacy of ZLN005, a PGC1α agonist, and found significant improvement in overall survival in an animal model. The mode of action of this effect was examined, and it was shown that the respiratory capacity of mitochondria was enhanced immediately after administration and that the function of TFEB, a transcriptional regulator that promotes lysosome biosynthesis and mutually enhances PGC1α, was enhanced, as was the physical contact between mitochondria and lysosomes. ZLN005 strongly supported immune defense in early sepsis by increasing lysosome volume and acidity and enhancing cargo degradation, resulting in a significant reduction in bacterial load. ZLN005 rapidly acted on two organelles, mitochondria and lysosomes, against sepsis and interactively linked the two to improve the pathogenesis. This is the first demonstration that acidification of lysosomes by a small molecule is a mechanism of action in the therapeutic strategy for sepsis, which will have a significant impact on future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Taya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Arata Sano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takehiro Ogata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Gojo
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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24
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Qiu L, Sheng P, Wang X. Identification of Metabolic Syndrome-Related miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks and Key Genes Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:428-447. [PMID: 35877019 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, which affects approximately one-quarter of the world's population, is a combination of multiple traits and is associated with high all-cause mortality, increased cancer risk, and other hazards. It has been shown that the epigenetic functions of miRNAs are closely related to metabolic syndrome, but epigenetic studies have not yet fully elucidated the regulatory network and key genes associated with metabolic syndrome. To perform data analysis and screening of potential differentially expressed target miRNAs, mRNAs and genes based on a bioinformatics approach using a metabolic syndrome mRNA and miRNA gene microarray, leading to further analysis and identification of metabolic syndrome-related miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks and key genes. The miRNA gene set (GSE98896) and mRNA gene set (GSE98895) of peripheral blood samples from patients with metabolic syndrome from the GEO database were screened, and set|logFC|> 1 and adjusted P < 0.05 were used to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs. Differentially expressed miRNA transcription factors were predicted using FunRich software and subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Next, biological process enrichment analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs was performed with Metascape. Differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs were identified and visualized as miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks based on the complementary pairing principle. Data analysis of genome-wide metabolic syndrome-related mRNAs was performed using the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) database. Finally, further WGCNA of the set of genes most closely associated with metabolic syndrome was performed to validate the findings. A total of 217 differentially expressed mRNAs and 158 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by screening the metabolic syndrome miRNA and mRNA gene sets, and these molecules mainly included transcription factors, such as SP1, SP4, and EGR1, that function in the IL-17 signalling pathway; cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction; proteoglycan syndecan-mediated signalling events; and the glypican pathway, which is involved in the inflammatory response and glucose and lipid metabolism. miR-34C-5P, which was identified by constructing a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, could regulate DPYSL4 expression to influence insulin β-cells, the inflammatory response and glucose oxidative catabolism. Based on GSEA, metabolic syndrome is known to be closely related to oxidative phosphorylation, DNA repair, neuronal damage, and glycolysis. Finally, RStudio and DAVID were used to perform WGCNA of the gene sets most closely associated with metabolic syndrome, and the results further validated the conclusions. Metabolic syndrome is a common metabolic disease worldwide, and its mechanism of action is closely related to the inflammatory response, glycolipid metabolism, and impaired mitochondrial function. miR-34C-5P can regulate DPYSL4 expression and can be a potential research target. In addition, UQCRQ and NDUFA8 are core genes of oxidative phosphorylation and have also been identified as potential targets for the future treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Qiu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Pei Sheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China. .,The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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25
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He S, Lim GE. The Application of High-Throughput Approaches in Identifying Novel Therapeutic Targets and Agents to Treat Diabetes. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200151. [PMID: 36398493 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, unprecedented progress in technologies has revolutionized traditional research methodologies. Among these, advances in high-throughput drug screening approaches have permitted the rapid identification of potential therapeutic agents from drug libraries that contain thousands or millions of molecules. Moreover, high-throughput-based therapeutic target discovery strategies can comprehensively interrogate relationships between biomolecules (e.g., gene, RNA, and protein) and diseases and significantly increase the authors' knowledge of disease mechanisms. Diabetes is a chronic disease primarily characterized by the incapacity of the body to maintain normoglycemia. The prevalence of diabetes in modern society has become a severe public health issue that threatens the well-being of millions of patients. Although a number of pharmacological treatments are available, there is no permanent cure for diabetes, and discovering novel therapeutic targets and agents continues to be an urgent need. The present review discusses the technical details of high-throughput screening approaches in drug discovery, followed by introducing the applications of such approaches to diabetes research. This review aims to provide an example of the applicability of high-throughput technologies in facilitating different aspects of disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi He
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.,Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 rue St Denis, Montreal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gareth E Lim
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.,Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 rue St Denis, Montreal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
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26
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Tian Z, Li J, Song L, Xie L, Li D, Xia T, Wang A. PBDE-47 induces impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis and subsequent neurotoxicity through miR-128-3p/PGC-1α axis. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:123-134. [PMID: 36269211 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential adverse effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) on neurons are extensively studied, and mitochondria are identified as critical targets. This study aimed to investigate whether PBDE-47 impairs mitochondrial biogenesis via the miR-128-3p/PGC-1α axis to trigger mitochondrial dysfunction-related neuronal damage. In vitro neuroendocrine pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and in vivo Sprague Dawley rat model were adopted. In this study, biochemical methods were used to examine mitochondrial ATP content, cell viability, and expressions of key mitochondrial biogenesis regulators, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Mimics and inhibitors of miR-128-3p were employed to explore its role in PBDE-47-induced neurotoxicity. Both in vivo and in vitro evidences suggested that PBDE-47 suppressed PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM signaling pathways and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoding proteins synthesis. PBDE-47 also suppressed the relative mtDNA content, mRNA levels of mtDNA-encoded subunits, and mitochondrial ATP levels in vitro. Specifically, 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl) benzimidazole (ZLN005) alleviated PBDE-47-induced neuronal death through the improvement of mitochondrial function by activating PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM signaling pathways. Mechanistically, PBDE-47 dramatically upregulated miR-128-3p expression. Furthermore, miR-128-3p inhibition enhanced PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM signaling and abolished PBDE-47-induced impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis. In summary, this study provides in vitro evidence to reveal the role of mitochondrial biogenesis in PBDE-47-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and related neurotoxicity and suggests that miR-128-3p/PGC-1α axis may be a therapeutic target for PBDE-47 neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
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27
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Mowat FM. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1Alpha (PGC-1α): A Transcriptional Regulator at the Interface of Aging and Age-Related Macular Degeneration? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1415:49-53. [PMID: 37440013 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Human age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent age-related disease which causes retinal dysfunction and disability. Genetic and cell culture studies from AMD patients have implicated impaired activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α). PGC-1α is a transcriptional co-regulator that acts to control a plethora of metabolic processes relevant to AMD pathophysiology including gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and response to oxidative injury. Perturbation of PGC-1α activity in mice causes AMD-like RPE and retinal pathology. There is potential for therapeutic modulation of the PGC-1α pathway in AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya M Mowat
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (School of Medicine and Public Health), Department of Surgical Sciences (School of Veterinary Medicine), Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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28
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Approaches to Mitigate Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:1762-1770. [PMID: 36369597 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-03103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic multifaceted organelles with various functions including cellular energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Because of these diverse functions, mitochondria are key regulators of cell survival and death, and their dysfunction is implicated in numerous diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Huntington's Disease. One of the most common neurodegenerative disorders is sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). SNHL primarily originates from the degenerative changes in the cochlea, which is the auditory portion of the inner ear. Many cochlear cells contain an abundance of mitochondria and are metabolically highly active, rendering them susceptible to mitochondrial dysfunction. Indeed, the causal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in SNHL progression is well established, and therefore, targeted for treatment. In this review, we aim to compile the emerging findings in the literature indicating the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of sensorineural hearing loss and highlight potential therapeutics targeting mitochondrial dysfunction for hearing loss treatment.
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Bai J, Zhang S, Cao J, Sun H, Mang Z, Shen WL, Li H. Hernandezine, a natural herbal alkaloid, ameliorates type 2 diabetes by activating AMPK in two mouse models. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154366. [PMID: 35933900 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an effective target for treating diabetes. However, successful drug development is delayed due to issues including toxicity. Plant-derived natural product AMPK activators have emerged as a new way to treat diabetes due to its potential low safety risks. Here, we studied the effect of hernandezine (HER), a natural product derived from Thalictrum, in activating AMPK and treating T2D in mouse models. METHOD We tested HER in various cells and tissues, including primary hepatocytes, skeletal myotubes cell lines, as well as major metabolic tissues from diabetic (db/db) and diet-induced obesity (DIO) model mice. The effect of HER on glucose uptake via AMPK in vitro and in vivo was confirmed utilizing cell transfection and adenovirus interference analysis. Tissue staining assessed the effect of HER on adipogenesis. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) was applied to verify the effect of HER on transcription factors. Western blot analysis was used to determine the activation of phosphorylated AMPK and ACC pathways. RESULTS Biochemically, we found that HER prevented pAMPK from dephosphorylation to prolong its activity, disproving previous direct activation model and providing a new model to explain HER-mediated AMPK activation. HER could be orally delivered to animals and has a 3-fold long half-life in vivo as compared to metformin. Importantly, long-term oral HER treatment potently reduced body weight and blood glucose in both type 2 diabetes mullitus (T2DM) mouse models by increasing glucose disposal and reducing lipogenesis, and appeared not to induce cardiac hypertrophy. CONCLUSION Natural product HER indirectly activates AMPK by suppressing its dephosphorylation. Oral HER effectively alleviated hyperglycemia and reduced body weight in T2D mouse models, appeared to have a low risk of causing cardiac hypertrophy, and might be a potential therapeutic option for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jinjing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- School of Life and Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhiguo Mang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei L Shen
- School of Life and Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Ye Z, Ma J, Liu Y, Xu B, Dai X, Fu M, Tian T, Sui X, Mo F, Gao S, Zhao D, Zhang D. Jiangtang Sanhao formula ameliorates skeletal muscle insulin resistance via regulating GLUT4 translocation in diabetic mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950535. [PMID: 36160420 PMCID: PMC9492927 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Jiangtang Sanhao formula (JTSHF), one of the prescriptions for treating the patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in traditional Chinese medicine clinic, has been demonstrated to effectively ameliorate the clinical symptoms of diabetic patients with overweight or hyperlipidemia. The preliminary studies demonstrated that JTSHF may enhance insulin sensitivity and improve glycolipid metabolism in obese mice. However, the action mechanism of JTSHF on skeletal muscles in diabetic mice remains unclear. To this end, high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were subjected to JTSHF intervention. The results revealed that JTSHF granules could reduce food and water intake, decrease body fat mass, and improve glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscles of diabetic mice. These effects may be linked to the stimulation of GLUT4 expression and translocation via regulating AMPKα/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. The results may offer a novel explanation of JTSHF to prevent against diabetes and IR-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimengwei Ye
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinkun Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yage Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bingrui Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Dai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Min Fu
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sui
- Information and Educational Technology Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Mo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sihua Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dandan Zhao, ; Dongwei Zhang,
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dandan Zhao, ; Dongwei Zhang,
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Fu Y, Du M, Cao Z, He H. PGC-1α attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in OCCM-30 cells. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:1024-1033. [PMID: 35903958 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism, has been associated with many inflammatory diseases. However, little is known about the function and mechanism of PGC-1α in cementoblasts under periodontitis. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of PGC-1α in immortalized cementoblast cell line OCCM-30 under TNF-α stimulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS OCCM-30 cells were cultured and exposed to TNF-α, and PGC-1α expression was assessed by Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Chemical inhibitors targeting various signaling pathways including NF-κB, p38 MAPK, Akt, and p53 were used to identify the regulatory mechanism involved. ZLN005 was used to upregulate PGC-1α and the subsequent alteration of inflammatory cytokines expression under TNF-α stimulation were examined by qRT-PCR and Elisa. PGC-1α siRNA was employed to further verify the role of PGC-1α in inflammatory response. Dual-reporter gene assays were performed to examine the transcriptional activity of p65, and the phosphorylation level of p65 was evaluated by western blotting. Immunofluorescence assays and nuclear and cytoplasmic extractions were performed to check the nuclear translocation of p65. Coimmunoprecipitation studies were also performed to check whether there is direct binding between p65 and PGC-1α. RESULTS TNF-α suppressed PGC-1α expression in OCCM-30 cells. Blocking p38 MAPK pathways restored the expression of PGC-1α. ZLN005 can upregulate PGC-1α in OCCM-30 cells. The upregulation of PGC-1α by ZLN005 inhibited TNF-α-induced proinflammatory cytokine expression, which was impaired by the transfection of PGC-1α siRNA. Knocking down PGC-1α also partially restored the ZLN005-decreased transcriptional activity of p65. However, the phosphorylation level and nuclear translocation of p65 were not significantly affected by PGC-1α. It was found that p65 was bound to PGC-1α in OCCM-30 cells stimulated by TNF-α, and the binding was increased upon ZLN005 treatment. CONCLUSIONS PGC-1α can attenuate TNF-α-induced inflammatory responses in OCCM-30 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Rudnick DA, Huang J, Hidvegi T, Chu AS, Hale P, Munanairi A, Dietzen DJ, Cliften PF, Tycksen E, Lutkewitte AJ, Finck BN, Pak SC, Silverman GA, Perlmutter DH. Regulation of PGC1α Downstream of the Insulin Signaling Pathway Plays a Role in the Hepatic Proteotoxicity of Mutant α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Variant Z. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:270-284. [PMID: 35301011 PMCID: PMC9232923 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Insulin signaling is known to regulate essential proteostasis mechanisms. METHODS The analyses here examined effects of insulin signaling in the PiZ mouse model of α1-antitrypsin deficiency in which hepatocellular accumulation and proteotoxicity of the misfolded α1-antitrypsin Z variant (ATZ) causes liver fibrosis and cancer. RESULTS We first studied the effects of breeding PiZ mice to liver-insulin-receptor knockout (LIRKO) mice (with hepatocyte-specific insulin-receptor gene disruption). The results showed decreased hepatic ATZ accumulation and liver fibrosis in PiZ x LIRKO vs PiZ mice, with reversal of those effects when we bred PiZ x LIRKO mice onto a FOXO1-deficient background. Increased intracellular degradation of ATZ mediated by autophagy was identified as the likely mechanism for diminished hepatic proteotoxicity in PiZ x LIRKO mice and the converse was responsible for enhanced toxicity in PiZ x LIRKO x FOXO1-KO animals. Transcriptomic studies showed major effects on oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy genes, and significant induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated-receptor-γ-coactivator-1α (PGC1α) expression in PiZ-LIRKO mice. Because PGC1α plays a key role in oxidative phosphorylation, we further investigated its effects on ATZ proteostasis in our ATZ-expressing mammalian cell model. The results showed PGC1α overexpression or activation enhances autophagic ATZ degradation. CONCLUSIONS These data implicate suppression of autophagic ATZ degradation by down-regulation of PGC1α as one mechanism by which insulin signaling exacerbates hepatic proteotoxicity in PiZ mice, and identify PGC1α as a novel target for development of new human α1-antitrypsin deficiency liver disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Rudnick
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Tunda Hidvegi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew S. Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Pamela Hale
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Admire Munanairi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dennis J. Dietzen
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Paul F. Cliften
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,The Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Eric Tycksen
- The Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew J. Lutkewitte
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Stephen C. Pak
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Gary A. Silverman
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - David H. Perlmutter
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,Department of Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Rutaecarpine Promotes Adipose Thermogenesis and Protects against HFD-Induced Obesity via AMPK/PGC-1α Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040469. [PMID: 35455466 PMCID: PMC9027001 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological activation of adaptive thermogenesis to increase energy expenditure is considered to be a novel strategy for obesity. Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α), which serves as an inducible co-activator in energy expenditure, is highly expressed in brown adipose tissues (BAT). In this study, we found a PGC-1α transcriptional activator, natural compound rutaecarpine (Rut), which promoted brown adipocytes mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis in vitro. Chronic Rut treatment reduced the body weight gain and mitigated insulin sensitivity through brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis. Mechanistic study showed that Rut activated the energy metabolic pathway AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/PGC-1α axis, and deficiency of AMPK abolished the beneficial metabolic phenotype of the Rut treatment in vitro and in vivo. In summary, a PGC-1α transcriptional activator Rut was found to activate brown and beige adipose thermogenesis to resist diet-induced obesity through AMPK pathway. Our findings serve as a further understanding of the natural compound in adipose tissue and provides a possible strategy to combat obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Zhu P, Ma H, Cui S, Zhou X, Xu W, Yu J, Li J. ZLN005 Alleviates In Vivo and In Vitro Renal Fibrosis via PGC-1α-Mediated Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040434. [PMID: 35455432 PMCID: PMC9025854 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common diseases; it is also a serious threat to human health due to its high mortality, and its treatment is still a major clinical challenge. Mitochondrial dyshomeostasis plays an important role in the development of CKD. ZLN005 is a novel peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) activator from our laboratory. To explore whether ZLN005 can protect against CKD in vivo and in vitro, a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and TGF-β1-treated renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), respectively, were used in this study. We found that ZLN005-administrated UUO mice showed less kidney damages than control mice, as indicated by the reduced expression of fibrotic biomarkers in the kidney of UUO mice. ZLN005 treatment also alleviated the TGF-β1-induced fibrotic phenotype and lipid accumulation in TECs. Our study demonstrated ZLN005 treatment improved mitochondrial homeostasis at least partially via the activation of PGC-1α, thus maintaining mitochondria function and energy homeostasis. In summary, ZLN005 treatment ameliorates UUO-induced renal fibrosis, providing conceptional support for mitochondria-targeting therapies for chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (H.M.); (S.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China; (X.Z.); (W.X.)
| | - Haijian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (H.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Shichao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (H.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Xiqiao Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China; (X.Z.); (W.X.)
| | - Weilong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China; (X.Z.); (W.X.)
| | - Jiangyi Yu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China;
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China; (X.Z.); (W.X.)
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; (H.M.); (S.C.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.L.)
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Prescription Drugs and Mitochondrial Metabolism. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231068. [PMID: 35315490 PMCID: PMC9016406 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central to the physiology and survival of nearly all eukaryotic cells and house diverse metabolic processes including oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species buffering, metabolite synthesis/exchange, and Ca2+ sequestration. Mitochondria are phenotypically heterogeneous and this variation is essential to the complexity of physiological function among cells, tissues, and organ systems. As a consequence of mitochondrial integration with so many physiological processes, small molecules that modulate mitochondrial metabolism induce complex systemic effects. In the case of many common prescribed drugs, these interactions may contribute to drug therapeutic mechanisms, induce adverse drug reactions, or both. The purpose of this article is to review historical and recent advances in the understanding of the effects of prescription drugs on mitochondrial metabolism. Specific 'modes' of xenobiotic-mitochondria interactions are discussed to provide a set of qualitative models that aid in conceptualizing how the mitochondrial energy transduction system may be affected. Findings of recent in vitro high-throughput screening studies are reviewed, and a few candidate drug classes are chosen for additional brief discussion (i.e. antihyperglycemics, antidepressants, antibiotics, and antihyperlipidemics). Finally, recent improvements in pharmacokinetic models that aid in quantifying systemic effects of drug-mitochondria interactions are briefly considered.
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Katkar GD, Sayed IM, Anandachar MS, Castillo V, Vidales E, Toobian D, Usmani F, Sawires JR, Leriche G, Yang J, Sandborn WJ, Das S, Sahoo D, Ghosh P. Artificial intelligence-rationalized balanced PPARα/γ dual agonism resets dysregulated macrophage processes in inflammatory bowel disease. Commun Biol 2022; 5:231. [PMID: 35288651 PMCID: PMC8921270 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A computational platform, Boolean network explorer (BoNE), has recently been developed to infuse AI-enhanced precision into drug discovery; it enables invariant Boolean Implication Networks of disease maps for prioritizing high-value targets. Here we used BoNE to query an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)-map and prioritize a therapeutic strategy that involves dual agonism of two nuclear receptors, PPARα/γ. Balanced agonism of PPARα/γ was predicted to modulate macrophage processes, ameliorate colitis, 'reset' the gene expression network from disease to health. Predictions were validated using a balanced and potent PPARα/γ-dual-agonist (PAR5359) in Citrobacter rodentium- and DSS-induced murine colitis models. Using inhibitors and agonists, we show that balanced-dual agonism promotes bacterial clearance efficiently than individual agonists, both in vivo and in vitro. PPARα is required and sufficient to induce the pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular ROS, which are essential for bacterial clearance and immunity, whereas PPARγ-agonism blunts these responses, delays microbial clearance; balanced dual agonism achieved controlled inflammation while protecting the gut barrier and 'reversal' of the transcriptomic network. Furthermore, dual agonism reversed the defective bacterial clearance observed in PBMCs derived from IBD patients. These findings not only deliver a macrophage modulator for use as barrier-protective therapy in IBD, but also highlight the potential of BoNE to rationalize combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan D Katkar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Ibrahim M Sayed
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Vanessa Castillo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Eleadah Vidales
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Daniel Toobian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Fatima Usmani
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Joseph R Sawires
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Geoffray Leriche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Jerry Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - William J Sandborn
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.
| | - Debashis Sahoo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jacob's School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA. .,Rebecca and John Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA. .,Rebecca and John Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA. .,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, La Jolla, San Diego, USA.
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Hu W, Li M, Sun W, Li Q, Xi H, Qiu Y, Wang R, Ding Q, Wang Z, Yu Y, Lei H, Mao Y, Zhu YZ. Hirsutine ameliorates hepatic and cardiac insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice and in vitro models. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:105917. [PMID: 34597809 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hepatic steatosis and cardiac hypertrophy resulting from chronic excess intake can exacerbate insulin resistance (IR). The current study aims to investigate the pharmacological effects of hirsutine, one indole alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla, on improving hepatic and cardiac IR, and elucidate the underlying mechanism. T2DM and IR in vivo were established by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 3 months in C57BL/6 J mice. In vitro IR models were induced by high-glucose and high-insulin (HGHI) incubation in HepG2 and H9c2 cells. Hirsutine administration for 8 weeks improved HFD-induced peripheral hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance and IR by OGTT and ITT assays, and simultaneously attenuated hepatic steatosis and cardiac hypertrophy by pathological observation. The impaired p-Akt expression was activated by hirsutine in liver and heart tissues of HFD mice, and also in the models in vitro. Hirsutine exhibited the effects on enhancing glucose consumption and uptake in IR cell models via activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which was blocked by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Moreover, the effect of hirsutine on promoting glucose uptake and GLUT4 expression in HGHI H9c2 cells was also prevented by Compound C, an inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Enhancement of glycolysis might be another factor of hirsutine showing its effects on glycemic control. Collectively, it was uncovered that hirsutine might exert beneficial effects on regulating glucose homeostasis, thus improving hepatic and cardiac IR, and could be a promising compound for treating diet-induced T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wuyi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qixiu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanye Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Heping Lei
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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38
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Sun Y, Habara A, Le CQ, Nguyen N, Chen R, Murphy GJ, Chui DHK, Steinberg MH, Cui S. Pharmacologic induction of PGC-1α stimulates fetal haemoglobin gene expression. Br J Haematol 2022; 197:97-109. [PMID: 35118652 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that affects millions around the world. Enhancement of fetal γ-globin levels and fetal haemoglobin (HbF) production in SCD patients leads to diminished severity of many clinical features of the disease. We recently identified the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α as a new protein involved in the regulation of the globin genes. Here, we report that upregulation of PGC-1α by infection with a lentivirus expressing PGC-1α or by the small-molecule PGC-1α agonist ZLN005 in human primary erythroid progenitor CD34+ cells induces both fetal γ-globin mRNA and protein expression as well as the percentage of HbF-positive cell (F cells) without significantly affecting cell proliferation and differentiation. We further found that the combination of ZLN005 and hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) exhibited an additive effect on the expression of γ-globin and the generation of F cells from cultured CD34+ cells. In addition, ZLN005 induced robust expression of the murine embryonic βh1-globin gene and to a lesser extent, human γ-globin gene expression in sickle mice. These findings suggest that activation of PGC-1α by ZLN005 might provide a new path for modulating HbF levels with potential therapeutic benefit in β-hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alawi Habara
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cuong Quang Le
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicole Nguyen
- Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymon Chen
- Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George J Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David H K Chui
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin H Steinberg
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shuaiying Cui
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ohn J, Son HY, Yu DA, Kim MS, Kwon S, Park WS, Kim JI, Kwon O. Early onset female pattern hair loss: a case–control study for analyzing clinical features and genetic variants. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 106:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Maurice NM, Bedi B, Yuan Z, Lin KC, Goldberg JB, Hart CM, Bailey KL, Sadikot RT. The Effect of PGC-1alpha-SIRT3 Pathway Activation on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020116. [PMID: 35215060 PMCID: PMC8875424 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response to P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections relies on a network of pattern recognition receptors, including intracellular inflammasome complexes, which can recognize both pathogen- and host-derived signals and subsequently promote downstream inflammatory signaling. Current evidence suggests that the inflammasome does not contribute to bacterial clearance and, in fact, that dysregulated inflammasome activation is harmful in acute and chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection. Given the role of mitochondrial damage signals in recruiting inflammasome signaling, we investigated whether mitochondrial-targeted therapies could attenuate inflammasome signaling in response to P. aeruginosa and decrease pathogenicity of infection. In particular, we investigated the small molecule, ZLN005, which transcriptionally activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant defense, and cellular respiration. We demonstrate that P. aeruginosa infection promotes the expression of inflammasome components and attenuates several components of mitochondrial repair pathways in vitro in lung epithelial cells and in vivo in an acute pneumonia model. ZLN005 activates PGC-1α and its downstream effector, Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial-localized deacetylase important for cellular metabolic processes and for reactive oxygen species homeostasis. ZLN005 also attenuates inflammasome signaling induced by P. aeruginosa in bronchial epithelial cells and this action is dependent on ZLN005 activation of SIRT3. ZLN005 treatment reduces epithelial-barrier dysfunction caused by P. aeruginosa and decreases pathogenicity in an in vivo pneumonia model. Therapies that activate the PGC-1α—SIRT3 axis may provide a complementary approach in the treatment of P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Maurice
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Zhihong Yuan
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (Z.Y.); (K.L.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kuo-Chuan Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Joanna B. Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - C. Michael Hart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (N.M.M.); (B.B.); (K.-C.L.); (C.M.H.)
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Kristina L. Bailey
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (Z.Y.); (K.L.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ruxana T. Sadikot
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (Z.Y.); (K.L.B.)
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence:
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Yu J, Chen X, Zhang Y, Cui X, Zhang Z, Guo W, Wang D, Huang S, Chen Y, Hu Y, Zhao C, Qiu J, Li Y, Meng M, Guo M, Shen F, Zhang M, Zhou B, Gu X, Wang J, Wang X, Ma X, Xu L. Antibiotic Azithromycin inhibits brown/beige fat functionality and promotes obesity in human and rodents. Theranostics 2022; 12:1187-1203. [PMID: 35154482 PMCID: PMC8771569 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a metabolic disease caused by multiple factors, has become a global health problem. In addition to nutrient intake and sedentary lifestyle, environmental pollutants exposure has been shown to be involved in obesity epidemics. Antibiotics, a new type of environmental pollutant, have been widely used in animal husbandry, aquaculture and microorganism. However, the effects of antibiotics exposure on fat metabolism and metabolic diseases are largely unknown. Methods: We screened major types of antibiotics to examine their effects on the differentiation capacity and thermogenic functionality of brown and beige adipocytes, and found that azithromycin, one major kind of macrolide antibiotics suppressed brown and beige adipocyte functionality. We thus examined azithromycin accretion in adipose tissues of obese patients that correlates with BMI by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and systematically explore the influences of azithromycin on adiposity and metabolic performance in mice under high diet. Results: Azithromycin (macrolides) inhibits the mitochondrial and thermogenic gene programs of brown and beige adipocytes, thus disrupting their mitochondrial function and thermogenic response. Consistently, azithromycin treatment are more prone to diet-induced obesity in mice, and this was associated with impaired energy expenditure. Importantly, azithromycin is more accumulated in adipose tissue of obese patients and correlates with BMI and body weight. Mechanistically, we found that azithromycin inhibits mitochondria respiratory complex I protein levels and increases reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels, which causes damage of mitochondrial function in brown and beige adipocytes. The deleterious effects of azithromycin can be ameliorated by antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Conclusions: Taken together, this work highlights the possible role of azithromycin in obesity epidemic and presents strategies for safe applications of antibiotics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiangdi Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wenxiu Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Shengbo Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yanru Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yepeng Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Meiyao Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mingwei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Fei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ben Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xuejiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China National Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Zhang IW, López-Vicario C, Duran-Güell M, Clària J. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Advanced Liver Disease: Emerging Concepts. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:772174. [PMID: 34888354 PMCID: PMC8650317 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.772174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are entrusted with the challenging task of providing energy through the generation of ATP, the universal cellular currency, thereby being highly flexible to different acute and chronic nutrient demands of the cell. The fact that mitochondrial diseases (genetic disorders caused by mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome) manifest through a remarkable clinical variation of symptoms in affected individuals underlines the far-reaching implications of mitochondrial dysfunction. The study of mitochondrial function in genetic or non-genetic diseases therefore requires a multi-angled approach. Taking into account that the liver is among the organs richest in mitochondria, it stands to reason that in the process of unravelling the pathogenesis of liver-related diseases, researchers give special focus to characterizing mitochondrial function. However, mitochondrial dysfunction is not a uniformly defined term. It can refer to a decline in energy production, increase in reactive oxygen species and so forth. Therefore, any study on mitochondrial dysfunction first needs to define the dysfunction to be investigated. Here, we review the alterations of mitochondrial function in liver cirrhosis with emphasis on acutely decompensated liver cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), the latter being a form of acute decompensation characterized by a generalized state of systemic hyperinflammation/immunosuppression and high mortality rate. The studies that we discuss were either carried out in liver tissue itself of these patients, or in circulating leukocytes, whose mitochondrial alterations might reflect tissue and organ mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, we present different methodological approaches that can be of utility to address the diverse aspects of hepatocyte and leukocyte mitochondrial function in liver disease. They include assays to measure metabolic fluxes using the comparatively novel Biolog’s MitoPlates in a 96-well format as well as assessment of mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry using Oroboros’ O2k-technology and Agilent Seahorse XF technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid W Zhang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina López-Vicario
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Duran-Güell
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Clària
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Service, Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure (EF Clif) and Grifols Chair, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERehd, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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43
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Victor AK, Donaldson M, Johnson D, Miller W, Reiter LT. Molecular Changes in Prader-Willi Syndrome Neurons Reveals Clues About Increased Autism Susceptibility. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:747855. [PMID: 34776864 PMCID: PMC8586424 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.747855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hormonal dysregulation, obesity, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems. Most PWS cases are caused by paternal interstitial deletions of 15q11.2-q13.1, while a smaller number of cases are caused by chromosome 15 maternal uniparental disomy (PW-UPD). Children with PW-UPD are at higher risk for developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) than the neurotypical population. In this study, we used expression analysis of PW-UPD neurons to try to identify the molecular cause for increased autism risk. Methods: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) from neurotypical control and PWS subjects were differentiated to neurons for mRNA sequencing. Significantly differentially expressed transcripts among all groups were identified. Downstream protein analysis including immunocytochemistry and immunoblots were performed to confirm the transcript level data and pathway enrichment findings. Results: We identified 9 transcripts outside of the PWS critical region (15q11.2-q13.1) that may contribute to core PWS phenotypes. Moreover, we discovered a global reduction in mitochondrial transcripts in the PW-UPD + ASD group. We also found decreased mitochondrial abundance along with mitochondrial aggregates in the cell body and neural projections of +ASD neurons. Conclusion: The 9 transcripts we identified common to all PWS subtypes may reveal PWS specific defects during neurodevelopment. Importantly, we found a global reduction in mitochondrial transcripts in PW-UPD + ASD neurons versus control and other PWS subtypes. We then confirmed mitochondrial defects in neurons from individuals with PWS at the cellular level. Quantification of this phenotype supports our hypothesis that the increased incidence of ASD in PW-UPD subjects may arise from mitochondrial defects in developing neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaitlyn Victor
- IPBS Program, Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Martin Donaldson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Daniel Johnson
- Molecular Bioinformatics Core, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Winston Miller
- Molecular Bioinformatics Core, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lawrence T Reiter
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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44
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Correia JC, Kelahmetoglu Y, Jannig PR, Schweingruber C, Shvaikovskaya D, Zhengye L, Cervenka I, Khan N, Stec M, Oliveira M, Nijssen J, Martínez-Redondo V, Ducommun S, Azzolini M, Lanner JT, Kleiner S, Hedlund E, Ruas JL. Muscle-secreted neurturin couples myofiber oxidative metabolism and slow motor neuron identity. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2215-2230.e8. [PMID: 34592133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Endurance exercise promotes skeletal muscle vascularization, oxidative metabolism, fiber-type switching, and neuromuscular junction integrity. Importantly, the metabolic and contractile properties of the muscle fiber must be coupled to the identity of the innervating motor neuron (MN). Here, we show that muscle-derived neurturin (NRTN) acts on muscle fibers and MNs to couple their characteristics. Using a muscle-specific NRTN transgenic mouse (HSA-NRTN) and RNA sequencing of MN somas, we observed that retrograde NRTN signaling promotes a shift toward a slow MN identity. In muscle, NRTN increased capillary density and oxidative capacity and induced a transcriptional reprograming favoring fatty acid metabolism over glycolysis. This combination of effects on muscle and MNs makes HSA-NRTN mice lean with remarkable exercise performance and motor coordination. Interestingly, HSA-NRTN mice largely recapitulate the phenotype of mice with muscle-specific expression of its upstream regulator PGC-1ɑ1. This work identifies NRTN as a myokine that couples muscle oxidative capacity to slow MN identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge C Correia
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yildiz Kelahmetoglu
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo R Jannig
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christoph Schweingruber
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dasha Shvaikovskaya
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liu Zhengye
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Cervenka
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Naveen Khan
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10 591, USA
| | - Michael Stec
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY 10 591, USA
| | - Mariana Oliveira
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jik Nijssen
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vicente Martínez-Redondo
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serge Ducommun
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Hedlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Hang W, Shu H, Wen Z, Liu J, Jin Z, Shi Z, Chen C, Wang DW. N-Acetyl Cysteine Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Intracellular Triglyceride Accumulation by Preserving Mitochondrial Function. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:636204. [PMID: 34588976 PMCID: PMC8473737 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.636204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a kind of metabolic disease characterized by liver steatosis. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from dysfunctional mitochondria is the major pathophysiological contributor in the development of NAFLD and is thought to be a promising therapeutic target. A few reports demonstrate the antioxidative treatments for NAFLD. Methods: Male C57 mice were fed on a normal chow diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. PBS or N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) was gavaged to mice. LO2 human liver cell line treated with palmitic acid (PA) was applied as a cellular model. Western blot, immunofluorescence, biochemistry assay, and pathological staining were used to investigate the mechanism of suppressing lipid accumulation of NAC. Results: NAC treatment was able to prevent HFD-induced NAFLD, as evidenced by less hepatic triglyceride accumulation and lipid droplet formation compared with that of mice in the HFD group. NAC could preserve mitochondrial function by inhibiting excessive mitophagy and promoting mitochondria biogenesis to prevent ROS production. NAC also activated Sirt1 and preserved its protein level and subsequently promoted mitochondria biogenesis via deacetylating PGC1a. Conclusion: We demonstrated that NAC may be an effective drug to treat NAFLD, which was related to its antioxidative and mitochondrial protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Hang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyan Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeqi Shi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
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Wang Z, Fu Z, Wang C, Xu J, Ma H, Jiang M, Xu T, Feng X, Zhang W. ZLN005 protects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury by mitigating oxidative stress through the restoration of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:10014-10037. [PMID: 34650679 PMCID: PMC8507071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a difficult problem for clinicians. In the present study, we assessed whether ZLN005, a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) agonist, can protect against ischemic AKI in vivo and in vitro. Notably, ZLN005 treatment significantly alleviated Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced tubular injury and reversed the decrease in hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced cell viability by restoring PGC-1α expression in a dose-dependent manner. This beneficial effect of ZLN005 was associated with the preservation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (MitoFAO) and the alleviation of oxidative stress. Cotreatment with etomoxir, a specific inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (CPT-1α) activity, or CPT-1α siRNA abrogated ZLN005-induced antistress responses by mitigating reactive oxygen species production and decreasing apoptosis under ischemia-hypoxia conditions by suppressing MitoFAO. Further studies revealed that activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may be involved in the effect of CPT-1α inhibition observed in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, our results suggest that ZLN005 confers a protective effect on I/R-induced kidney injury by mitigating ER stress through the restoration of MitoFAO by targeting PGC-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Zongjie Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongkun Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Mengdi Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaobei Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
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Lyu AR, Kim TH, Shin SA, Kim EH, Yu Y, Gajbhiye A, Kwon HC, Je AR, Huh YH, Park MJ, Park YH. Hearing Impairment in a Mouse Model of Diabetes Is Associated with Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Synaptopathy, and Activation of the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168807. [PMID: 34445504 PMCID: PMC8395823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies continuously report an increased risk of hearing loss in diabetes patients, the impact of the disease on the inner ear remains unexplored. Herein, we examine the pathophysiology of diabetes-associated hearing impairment and cochlear synaptopathy in a mouse model of diabetes. Male B6.BKS(D)-Leprdb/J (db/db, diabetes) and heterozygote (db/+, control) mice were assigned into each experimental group (control vs. diabetes) based on the genotype and tested for hearing sensitivity every week from 6 weeks of age. Each cochlea was collected for histological and biological assays at 14 weeks of age. The diabetic mice exerted impaired hearing and a reduction in cochlear blood flow and C-terminal-binding protein 2 (CtBP2, a presynaptic ribbon marker) expression. Ultrastructural images revealed severely damaged mitochondria from diabetic cochlea accompanied by a reduction in Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (COX4) and CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1). The diabetic mice presented significantly decreased levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), and procaspase-9, but not procaspase-8. Importantly, significant changes were not found in necroptotic programmed cell death markers (receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1, RIPK1; RIPK3; and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase, MLKL) between the groups. Taken together, diabetic hearing loss is accompanied by synaptopathy, microangiopathy, damage to the mitochondrial structure/function, and activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Our results imply that mitochondrial dysfunction is deeply involved in diabetic hearing loss, and further suggests the potential benefits of therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Ra Lyu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Sun-Ae Shin
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
| | - Eung-Hyub Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Akanksha Gajbhiye
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - Hyuk-Chan Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
| | - A Reum Je
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea; (A.R.J.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea; (A.R.J.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Min Jung Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.J.P.); (Y.-H.P.)
| | - Yong-Ho Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.-R.L.); (E.-H.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (A.G.); (H.-C.K.)
- Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.J.P.); (Y.-H.P.)
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Metabolic reprogramming in chondrocytes to promote mitochondrial respiration reduces downstream features of osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15131. [PMID: 34302034 PMCID: PMC8302637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction in chondrocytes drives the pro-catabolic phenotype associated with osteoarthritic cartilage. In this study, substitution of galactose for glucose in culture media was used to promote a renewed dependence on mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. Galactose replacement alone blocked enhanced usage of the glycolysis pathway by IL1β-activated chondrocytes as detected by real-time changes in the rates of proton acidification of the medium and changes in oxygen consumption. The change in mitochondrial activity due to galactose was visualized as a rescue of mitochondrial membrane potential but not an alteration in the number of mitochondria. Galactose-replacement reversed other markers of dysfunctional mitochondrial metabolism, including blocking the production of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Of more clinical relevance, galactose-substitution blocked downstream functional features associated with osteoarthritis, including enhanced levels of MMP13 mRNA, MMP13 protein, and the degradative loss of proteoglycan from intact cartilage explants. Blocking baseline and IL1β-enhanced MMP13 by galactose-replacement in human osteoarthritic chondrocyte cultures inversely paralleled increases in markers associated with mitochondrial recovery, phospho-AMPK, and PGC1α. Comparisons were made between galactose replacement and the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose. Targeting intermediary metabolism may provide a novel approach to osteoarthritis care.
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PGC-1α mediates a metabolic host defense response in human airway epithelium during rhinovirus infections. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3669. [PMID: 34135327 PMCID: PMC8209127 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human rhinoviruses (HRV) are common cold viruses associated with exacerbations of lower airways diseases. Although viral induced epithelial damage mediates inflammation, the molecular mechanisms responsible for airway epithelial damage and dysfunction remain undefined. Using experimental HRV infection studies in highly differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells grown at air-liquid interface (ALI), we examine the links between viral host defense, cellular metabolism, and epithelial barrier function. We observe that early HRV-C15 infection induces a transitory barrier-protective metabolic state characterized by glycolysis that ultimately becomes exhausted as the infection progresses and leads to cellular damage. Pharmacological promotion of glycolysis induces ROS-dependent upregulation of the mitochondrial metabolic regulator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), thereby restoring epithelial barrier function, improving viral defense, and attenuating disease pathology. Therefore, PGC-1α regulates a metabolic pathway essential to host defense that can be therapeutically targeted to rescue airway epithelial barrier dysfunction and potentially prevent severe respiratory complications or secondary bacterial infections. Epithelial host defense to rhinovirus infections is enhanced by targeting the mitochondrial metabolic regulator, PGC-1a. Using metabolomics and proteomics, Michi et al show that human airway epithelial cells mount a barrier-protective early glycolysis-shift in response to rhinovirus, and that by targeting PGC-1a early in infection, epithelial barrier function, viral defense and pathology are improved.
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Men XM, Xu ZW, Tao X, Deng B, Qi KK. FNDC5 expression closely correlates with muscle fiber types in porcine longissimus dorsi muscle and regulates myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) mRNA expression in C2C12 cells. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11065. [PMID: 33976958 PMCID: PMC8061570 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irisin (a glycosylated protein) is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which is expressed mainly in animal muscle tissues and has multiple metabolic regulatory activities. However, their roles in controlling myofiber types in skeletal muscle remain unclear. METHODOLOGY Two different commercial hybridized pigs, LJH (a crossed pig containing Chinese native pig genotypes) and DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were selected to analyze FNDC5 mRNA expression and the mRNA composition of four adult myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms (IIIaIIxIIb) in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. C2C12 myoblasts were cultured to investigate the effects of FNDC5 on the four MyHCs mRNA expressive levels, using small interfering RNA for depletion and a eukaryotic expression vector carrying FNDC5 for overexpression. ZLN005 (a small molecule activator of FNDC5's upstream control gene PGC1α) or recombinant human irisin protein were also used. RESULTS In LD muscle, LJH pigs had the higher FNDC5 mRNA level, and MyHC I or IIa proportion than DLY pigs (P < 0.05). For C2C12 cells in vitro, small interfering RNA (si-592) silencing of FNDC5 expression markedly reduced MyHC IIa mRNA levels (P < 0.05), while FNDC5 overexpression significantly increased MyHC IIa mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Exogenous irisin increased the mRNA levels of PGC1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha), FNDC5, MyHCI, MyHCIIa, NRF1 (nuclear respiratory factor 1), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), and TFAM (mitochondrial transcription factor A,) (P < 0.05), and the enzyme activities of SDH (succinate dehydrogenase), CK (creatine kinase), and MDH (malate dehydrogenase) in C2C12 myotubes (P < 0.05). These results showed that FNDC5 mRNA expression had a significant association with the characteristics of myofiber types in porcine muscle, and participated in regulating MyHCs mRNA expression of C2C12 myogenic differentiation cells in vitro. FNDC5 could be an important factor to control muscle fiber types, which provides a new direction to investigate pork quality via muscle fiber characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Men
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Wei Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Ke Qi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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