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Lokhandwala J, Matlack JK, Smalley TB, Miner RE, Tran TH, Binning JM. Structural basis for FN3K-mediated protein deglycation. Structure 2024:S0969-2126(24)00281-8. [PMID: 39173621 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Protein glycation is a universal, non-enzymatic modification that occurs when a sugar covalently attaches to a primary amine. These spontaneous modifications may have deleterious or regulatory effects on protein function, and their removal is mediated by the conserved metabolic kinase fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K). Despite its crucial role in protein repair, we currently have a poor understanding of how FN3K engages or phosphorylates its substrates. By integrating structural biology and biochemistry, we elucidated the catalytic mechanism for FN3K-mediated protein deglycation. Our work identifies key amino acids required for binding and phosphorylating glycated substrates and reveals the molecular basis of an evolutionarily conserved protein repair pathway. Additional structural-functional studies revealed unique structural features of human FN3K as well as differences in the dimerization behavior and regulation of FN3K family members. Our findings improve our understanding of the structure of FN3K and its catalytic mechanism, which opens new avenues for therapeutically targeting FN3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameela Lokhandwala
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jenet K Matlack
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Tracess B Smalley
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Robert E Miner
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Cancer Chemical Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Timothy H Tran
- Chemical Biology Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jennifer M Binning
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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2
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Garg A, On KF, Xiao Y, Elkayam E, Cifani P, David Y, Joshua-Tor L. The molecular basis of Human FN3K mediated phosphorylation of glycated substrate. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.05.606604. [PMID: 39149269 PMCID: PMC11326186 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.05.606604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Glycation, a non-enzymatic post-translational modification occurring on proteins, can be actively reversed via site-specific phosphorylation of the fructose-lysine moiety by FN3K kinase, to impact the cellular function of target protein. A regulatory axis between FN3K and glycated protein targets has been associated with conditions like diabetes and cancer. However the molecular basis of this relationship has not been explored so far. Here, we determined a series of crystal structures of HsFN3K in apo-state, and in complex with different nucleotide analogs together with a sugar substrate mimic to reveal the features important for its kinase activity and substrate recognition. Additionally, the dynamics in sugar substrate binding during the kinase catalytic cycle provide important mechanistic insights into HsFN3K function. Our structural work provides the molecular basis for rationale small molecule design targeting FN3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Garg
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
| | - Kin Fan On
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elad Elkayam
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
| | - Paolo Cifani
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leemor Joshua-Tor
- W. M. Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724 USA
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3
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Martin MS, Jacob-Dolan JW, Pham VTT, Sjoblom NM, Scheck RA. The chemical language of protein glycation. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01644-y. [PMID: 38942948 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Glycation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification (PTM) that is correlated with many diseases, including diabetes, cancer and age-related disorders. Although recent work points to the importance of glycation as a functional PTM, it remains an open question whether glycation has a causal role in cellular signaling and/or disease development. In this Review, we contextualize glycation as a specific mechanism of carbon stress and consolidate what is known about advanced glycation end-product (AGE) structures and mechanisms. We highlight the current understanding of glycation as a PTM, focusing on mechanisms for installing, removing or recognizing AGEs. Finally, we discuss challenges that have hampered a more complete understanding of the biological consequences of glycation. The development of tools for predicting, modulating, mimicking or capturing glycation will be essential for interpreting a post-translational glycation network. Therefore, continued insights into the chemistry of glycation will be necessary to advance understanding of glycation biology.
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4
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Shrestha S, Taujale R, Katiyar S, Kannan N. Multi-omics reveals new links between Fructosamine-3-Kinase (FN3K) and core metabolic pathways. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:64. [PMID: 38830903 PMCID: PMC11148063 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fructosamine-3-kinases (FN3Ks) are a conserved family of repair enzymes that phosphorylate reactive sugars attached to lysine residues in peptides and proteins. Although FN3Ks are present across the Tree of Life and share detectable sequence similarity to eukaryotic protein kinases, the biological processes regulated by these kinases are largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we leveraged the FN3K CRISPR Knock-Out (KO) HepG2 cell line alongside an integrative multi-omics study combining transcriptomics, metabolomics, and interactomics to place these enzymes in a pathway context. The integrative analyses revealed the enrichment of pathways related to oxidative stress response, lipid biosynthesis (cholesterol and fatty acids), and carbon and co-factor metabolism. Moreover, enrichment of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) binding proteins and localization of human FN3K (HsFN3K) to mitochondria suggests potential links between FN3K and NAD-mediated energy metabolism and redox balance. We report specific binding of HsFN3K to NAD compounds in a metal and concentration-dependent manner and provide insight into their binding mode using modeling and experimental site-directed mutagenesis. Our studies provide a framework for targeting these understudied kinases in diabetic complications and metabolic disorders where redox balance and NAD-dependent metabolic processes are altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safal Shrestha
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rahil Taujale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Samiksha Katiyar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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5
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Uceda AB, Mariño L, Casasnovas R, Adrover M. An overview on glycation: molecular mechanisms, impact on proteins, pathogenesis, and inhibition. Biophys Rev 2024; 16:189-218. [PMID: 38737201 PMCID: PMC11078917 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-024-01188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of a heterogeneous set of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is the final outcome of a non-enzymatic process that occurs in vivo on long-life biomolecules. This process, known as glycation, starts with the reaction between reducing sugars, or their autoxidation products, with the amino groups of proteins, DNA, or lipids, thus gaining relevance under hyperglycemic conditions. Once AGEs are formed, they might affect the biological function of the biomacromolecule and, therefore, induce the development of pathophysiological events. In fact, the accumulation of AGEs has been pointed as a triggering factor of obesity, diabetes-related diseases, coronary artery disease, neurological disorders, or chronic renal failure, among others. Given the deleterious consequences of glycation, evolution has designed endogenous mechanisms to undo glycation or to prevent it. In addition, many exogenous molecules have also emerged as powerful glycation inhibitors. This review aims to provide an overview on what glycation is. It starts by explaining the similarities and differences between glycation and glycosylation. Then, it describes in detail the molecular mechanism underlying glycation reactions, and the bio-molecular targets with higher propensity to be glycated. Next, it discusses the precise effects of glycation on protein structure, function, and aggregation, and how computational chemistry has provided insights on these aspects. Finally, it reports the most prevalent diseases induced by glycation, and the endogenous mechanisms and the current therapeutic interventions against it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Uceda
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Les Illes Balears, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Mariño
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Les Illes Balears, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Casasnovas
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Les Illes Balears, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Miquel Adrover
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Les Illes Balears, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, 07122 Palma, Spain
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Chatzinikolaou PN, Margaritelis NV, Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Vrabas IS, Kyparos A, D'Alessandro A, Nikolaidis MG. Erythrocyte metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14081. [PMID: 38270467 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Our aim is to present an updated overview of the erythrocyte metabolism highlighting its richness and complexity. We have manually collected and connected the available biochemical pathways and integrated them into a functional metabolic map. The focus of this map is on the main biochemical pathways consisting of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, redox metabolism, oxygen metabolism, purine/nucleoside metabolism, and membrane transport. Other recently emerging pathways are also curated, like the methionine salvage pathway, the glyoxalase system, carnitine metabolism, and the lands cycle, as well as remnants of the carboxylic acid metabolism. An additional goal of this review is to present the dynamics of erythrocyte metabolism, providing key numbers used to perform basic quantitative analyses. By synthesizing experimental and computational data, we conclude that glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and redox metabolism are the foundations of erythrocyte metabolism. Additionally, the erythrocyte can sense oxygen levels and oxidative stress adjusting its mechanics, metabolism, and function. In conclusion, fine-tuning of erythrocyte metabolism controls one of the most important biological processes, that is, oxygen loading, transport, and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis N Chatzinikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Vassilis Paschalis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios A Theodorou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis S Vrabas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Antonios Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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7
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Filipp L, Bausch F, Neuhaus LS, Flade J, Henle T. Metabolization of the Amadori Product N-ε-Fructosyllysine by Probiotic Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2718-2726. [PMID: 38275205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Glycation reactions in food lead to the formation of the Amadori rearrangement product (ARP) N-ε-fructosyllysine (fructoselysine, FL), which is taken up with the daily diet and comes into contact with the gut microbiota during digestion. In the present study, nine commercially available probiotic preparations as well as single pure strains thereof were investigated for their FL-degrading capability under anaerobic conditions. One of the commercial preparations as well as three single pure strains thereof was able to completely degrade 0.25 mM FL within 72 h. Three new deglycating lactic acid bacteria species, namely, Lactobacillus buchneri DSM 20057, Lactobacillus jensenii DSM 20557, and Pediococcus acidilactici DSM 25404, could be identified. Quantitative experiments showed that FL was completely deglycated to lysine. Using 13C6-labeled FL as the substrate, it could be proven that the sugar moiety of the Amadori product is degraded to lactic acid, showing for the first time that certain lactic acid bacteria can utilize the sugar moiety as a substrate for lactic acid fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Filipp
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Bausch
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lisa Sophie Neuhaus
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jessica Flade
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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8
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Mossine VV, Mawhinney TP. 1-Amino-1-deoxy-d-fructose ("fructosamine") and its derivatives. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2023; 83:27-132. [PMID: 37968038 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Fructosamine has long been considered as a key intermediate of the Maillard reaction, which to a large extent is responsible for specific aroma, taste, and color formation in thermally processed or dehydrated foods. Since the 1980s, however, as a product of the Amadori rearrangement reaction between glucose and biologically significant amines such as proteins, fructosamine has experienced a boom in biomedical research, mainly due to its relevance to pathologies in diabetes and aging. In this chapter, we assess the scope of the knowledge on and applications of fructosamine-related molecules in chemistry, food, and health sciences, as reflected mostly in publications within the past decade. Methods of fructosamine synthesis and analysis, its chemical, and biological properties, and degradation reactions, together with fructosamine-modifying and -recognizing proteins are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeri V Mossine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Thomas P Mawhinney
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
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9
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Green DJ, Chasland LC, Naylor LH, Yeap BB. New Horizons: Testosterone or Exercise for Cardiometabolic Health in Older Men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:2141-2153. [PMID: 36964918 PMCID: PMC10438896 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Middle-aged and older men have typically accumulated comorbidities, are increasingly sedentary, and have lower testosterone concentrations (T) compared to younger men. Reduced physical activity (PA) and lower T both are associated with, and may predispose to, metabolically adverse changes in body composition, which contribute to higher risks of cardiometabolic disease. Exercise improves cardiometabolic health, but sustained participation is problematic. By contrast, rates of T prescription have increased, particularly in middle-aged and older men without organic diseases of the hypothalamus, pituitary, or testes, reflecting the unproven concept of a restorative hormone that preserves health. Two recent large randomized trials of T, and meta-analyses of randomized trials, did not show a signal for adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, and T treatment on a background of lifestyle intervention reduced type 2 diabetes by 40% in men at high risk. Men with both higher endogenous T and higher PA levels have lower CV risk, but causality remains unproven. Exercise training interventions improve blood pressure and endothelial function in middle-aged and older men, without comparable benefits or additive effects of T treatment. Therefore, exercise training improves cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older men when effectively applied as a supervised regimen incorporating aerobic and resistance modalities. Treatment with T may have indirect cardiometabolic benefits, mediated via favorable changes in body composition. Further evaluation of T as a pharmacological intervention to improve cardiometabolic health in aging men could consider longer treatment durations and combination with targeted exercise programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Green
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Lauren C Chasland
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Louise H Naylor
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Bu B Yeap
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
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10
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Lotfollahzadeh S, Xia C, Amraei R, Hua N, Kandror KV, Farmer SR, Wei W, Costello CE, Chitalia V, Rahimi N. Inactivation of Minar2 in mice hyperactivates mTOR signaling and results in obesity. Mol Metab 2023; 73:101744. [PMID: 37245847 PMCID: PMC10267597 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is a complex disorder and is linked to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Major intrinsically disordered NOTCH2-associated receptor2 (MINAR2) is an understudied protein with an unknown role in obesity and metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Minar2 on adipose tissues and obesity. METHOD We generated Minar2 knockout (KO) mice and used various molecular, proteomic, biochemical, histopathology, and cell culture studies to determine the pathophysiological role of Minar2 in adipocytes. RESULTS We demonstrated that the inactivation of Minar2 results in increased body fat with hypertrophic adipocytes. Minar2 KO mice on a high-fat diet develop obesity and impaired glucose tolerance and metabolism. Mechanistically, Minar2 interacts with Raptor, a specific and essential component of mammalian TOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and inhibits mTOR activation. mTOR is hyperactivated in the adipocytes deficient for Minar2 and over-expression of Minar2 in HEK-293 cells inhibited mTOR activation and phosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates, including S6 kinase, and 4E-BP1. CONCLUSION Our findings identified Minar2 as a novel physiological negative regulator of mTORC1 with a key role in obesity and metabolic disorders. Impaired expression or activation of MINAR2 could lead to obesity and obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saran Lotfollahzadeh
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chaoshuang Xia
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Razie Amraei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ning Hua
- Biomed Research Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantin V Kandror
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen R Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vipul Chitalia
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Institute of Medical Engineering and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Nader Rahimi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Knörlein A, Xiao Y, David Y. Leveraging histone glycation for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:410-420. [PMID: 36804508 PMCID: PMC10121827 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to rely mostly on aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). The increased glycolytic intake enhances the intracellular levels of reactive sugars and sugar metabolites. These reactive species can covalently modify macromolecules in a process termed glycation. Histones are particularly susceptible to glycation, resulting in substantial alterations to chromatin structure, function, and transcriptional output. Growing evidence suggests a link between dysregulated metabolism of tumors and cancer proliferation through epigenetic changes. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of histone glycation, its impact on the epigenetic landscape and cellular fate, and its role in cancer. In addition, we investigate the possibility of using histone glycation as biomarkers and targets for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Knörlein
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Hagenhaus V, Gorenflos López JL, Rosenstengel R, Neu C, Hackenberger CPR, Celik A, Weinert K, Nguyen MB, Bork K, Horstkorte R, Gesper A. Glycation Interferes with the Activity of the Bi-Functional UDP- N-Acetylglucosamine 2-Epimerase/ N-Acetyl-mannosamine Kinase (GNE). Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030422. [PMID: 36979358 PMCID: PMC10046061 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene coding for the bi-functional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE), the key enzyme of the sialic acid biosynthesis, are responsible for autosomal-recessive GNE myopathy (GNEM). GNEM is an adult-onset disease with a yet unknown exact pathophysiology. Since the protein appears to work adequately for a certain period of time even though the mutation is already present, other effects appear to influence the onset and progression of the disease. In this study, we want to investigate whether the late onset of GNEM is based on an age-related effect, e.g., the accumulation of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Furthermore, we also want to investigate what effect on the enzyme activity such an accumulation would have. We will particularly focus on glycation, which is a PTM through non-enzymatic reactions between the carbonyl groups (e.g., of methylglyoxal (MGO) or glyoxal (GO)) with amino groups of proteins or other biomolecules. It is already known that the levels of both MGO and GO increase with age. For our investigations, we express each domain of the GNE separately, treat them with one of the glycation agents, and determine their activity. We demonstrate that the enzymatic activity of the N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE-kinase domain) decreases dramatically after glycation with MGO or GO-with a remaining activity of 13% ± 5% (5 mM MGO) and 22% ± 4% (5 mM GO). Whereas the activity of the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (GNE-epimerase domain) is only slightly reduced after glycation-with a remaining activity of 60% ± 8% (5 mM MGO) and 63% ± 5% (5 mM GO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hagenhaus
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Jacob L Gorenflos López
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rosenstengel
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Carolin Neu
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Christian P R Hackenberger
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arif Celik
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klara Weinert
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Mai-Binh Nguyen
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Kaya Bork
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Astrid Gesper
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06114 Halle, Germany
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13
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Abdelkader H, Mustafa WW, Alqahtani AM, Alsharani S, Al Fatease A, Alany RG. Glycation-induced age-related illnesses, antiglycation and drug delivery strategies. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1546-1567. [PMID: 35972442 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ageing is a major cause of multiple age-related diseases. Several mechanisms have been reported to contribute to these abnormalities including glycation, oxidative stress, the polyol pathway and osmotic stress. Glycation, unlike glycosylation, is an irregular biochemical reaction to the formation of active advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are considered to be one of the causes of these chronic diseases. This study provides a recent and comprehensive review on the possible causes, mechanisms, types, analytical techniques, diseases and treatments of the toxic glycation end products. KEY FINDINGS Several mechanisms have been found to play a role in generating hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress including an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increase in the levels of AGEs, binding of AGEs and their receptors (RAGE) and the polyol pathway and thus have been investigated as promising novel targets. SUMMARY This review focuses on the key mechanisms attributed to cumulative increases of glycation and pathological RAGE expression as a significant cause of multiple age-related diseases, and reporting on different aspects of antiglycation therapy as a novel approach to managing/treating age-related diseases. Additionally, historical, current and possible future antiglycation approaches will be presented focussing on novel drug delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Wesam W Mustafa
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, UK.,Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alsharani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raid G Alany
- Drug Discovery, Delivery and Patient Care Theme, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, UK.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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14
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Yeast-produced fructosamine-3-kinase retains mobility after ex vivo intravitreal injection in human and bovine eyes as determined by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Int J Pharm 2022; 621:121772. [PMID: 35487399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Globally, over 2 billion people suffer from vision impairment. Despite complex multifactorial etiology, advanced glycation end products are involved in the pathogenesis of many causative age- and diabetes-related eye diseases. Deglycating enzyme fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) was recently proposed as a potential therapeutic, but for further biopharmaceutical development, knowledge on its manufacturability and stability and mobility in the vitreous fluid of the eye is indispensable. We evaluated recombinant production of FN3K in two host systems, and its diffusion behavior in both bovine and human vitreous. Compared to Escherichia coli, intracellular production in Pichia pastoris yielded more and higher purity FN3K. The yeast-produced enzyme was used in a first attempt to use fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to study protein mobility in non-sonicated bovine vitreous, human vitreous, and intact bovine eyes. It was demonstrated that FN3K retained mobility upon intravitreal injection, although a certain delay in diffusion was observed. Alkylation of free cysteines was tolerated both in terms of enzymatic activity and vitreous diffusion. Ex vivo diffusion data gathered and the availability of yeast-produced high purity enzyme now clear the path for in vivo pharmacokinetics studies of FN3K.
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15
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Lassak J, Sieber A, Hellwig M. Exceptionally versatile take II: post-translational modifications of lysine and their impact on bacterial physiology. Biol Chem 2022; 403:819-858. [PMID: 35172419 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Among the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, lysine sticks out due to its unparalleled chemical diversity of post-translational modifications. This results in a wide range of possibilities to influence protein function and hence modulate cellular physiology. Concomitantly, lysine derivatives form a metabolic reservoir that can confer selective advantages to those organisms that can utilize it. In this review, we provide examples of selected lysine modifications and describe their role in bacterial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Lassak
- Department of Biology I, Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Alina Sieber
- Department of Biology I, Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Technische Universität Braunschweig - Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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16
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Sarmah S, Roy AS. A review on prevention of glycation of proteins: Potential therapeutic substances to mitigate the severity of diabetes complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:565-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Park SH, Helsley RN, Noetzli L, Tu HC, Wallenius K, O’Mahony G, Boucher J, Liu J, Softic S. A luminescence-based protocol for assessing fructose metabolism via quantification of ketohexokinase enzymatic activity in mouse or human hepatocytes. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100731. [PMID: 34409309 PMCID: PMC8361265 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketohexokinase (KHK) catalyzes the first step of fructose metabolism. Inhibitors of KHK enzymatic activity are being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes. Here, we present a luminescence-based protocol to quantify KHK activity. The accuracy of this technique has been validated using knockdown and overexpression of KHK in vivo and in vitro. The specificity of the assay has been verified using 3-O-methyl-D-fructose, a non-metabolizable analog of fructose, heat inactivation of hexokinases, and depletion of potassium. For complete details on the use of this protocol, please refer to Damen et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Hyung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 900 South Limestone, Wethington Rm 527, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Robert N. Helsley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 900 South Limestone, Wethington Rm 527, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Leila Noetzli
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, MA 021428, USA
| | - Ho-Chou Tu
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, MA 021428, USA
| | - Kristina Wallenius
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gavin O’Mahony
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeremie Boucher
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jianming Liu
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Gothenburg 43183, Sweden
| | - Samir Softic
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 900 South Limestone, Wethington Rm 527, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Maksimovic I, David Y. Non-enzymatic Covalent Modifications as a New Chapter in the Histone Code. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:718-730. [PMID: 33965314 PMCID: PMC8364488 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The interior of the cell abounds with reactive species that can accumulate as non-enzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs) on biological macromolecules. These adducts interfere with many cellular processes, for example, by altering proteins' surface topology, enzymatic activity, or interactomes. Here, we discuss dynamic NECMs on chromatin, which serves as the cellular blueprint. We first outline the chemistry of NECM formation and then focus on the recently identified effects of their accumulation on chromatin structure and transcriptional output. We next describe the known cellular regulatory mechanisms that prevent or reverse NECM formation. Finally, we discuss recently developed chemical biology platforms for probing and manipulating these NECMs in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Maksimovic
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA; Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yael David
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, USA; Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Szwergold B. A Hypothesis: Fructosamine-3-Kinase-Related-Protein (FN3KRP) Catalyzes Deglycation of Maillard Intermediates Directly Downstream from Fructosamines. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:310-318. [PMID: 34314247 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation (a.k.a. Maillard reaction) is a series of random spontaneous reactions between reducing sugars and amines, resulting in the formation of irreversible advanced glycation endproducts (AGE's). In food chemistry, this process is beneficial by contributing to the flavor, aroma, texture, and appearance of cooked foods. In vivo, however, Maillard reaction is deleterious because uncontrolled modification and crosslinking of biological macromolecules impairs their function. Consequently, chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus, for instance, leads to increased non-enzymatic glycation and diverse, multi-organ pathologies of diabetic complications. Based on the fact that toxic compounds, such as free radicals, are detoxified in vivo by specific defense mechanisms, one would expect to find mechanisms to control glucose toxicity as well. Thus far, only one such enzyme, fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K), has been characterized. It operates intracellularly by catalyzing ATP-dependent removal of Maillard adducts, D-fructoselysines, from proteins, thereby reducing the Maillard reaction flux from glucose to AGE's. When FN3K was isolated, a closely related but distinct protein copurified with it. Unlike FN3K, however, this enzyme, fructosamine-3-kinase-related protein (FN3KRP), does not phosphorylate D-fructoselysines but it does phosphorylate several other (non-physiological) substrates. Interestingly, the distribution of FN3KRP in nature appears to be nearly universal whereas that of FN3K is limited to endotherms. In this article, it is suggested that the function of FN3KRP is deglycation of Maillard adducts downstream from fructoselysines. Such a mechanism, if proven correct, would be valuable given reports on apparent correlations between FN3KRP and some chronic conditions and/or diseases, such as a recent publication which proposes that the FN3KRP gene may be a longevity gene.
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20
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Maksimovic I, Finkin-Groner E, Fukase Y, Zheng Q, Sun S, Michino M, Huggins DJ, Myers RW, David Y. Deglycase-activity oriented screening to identify DJ-1 inhibitors. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1232-1238. [PMID: 34355187 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00062d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncoprotein and Parkinson's disease-associated enzyme DJ-1/PARK7 has emerged as a promiscuous deglycase that can remove methylglyoxal-induced glycation adducts from both proteins and nucleotides. However, dissecting its structural and enzymatic functions remains a challenge due to the lack of potent, specific, and pharmacokinetically stable inhibitors targeting its catalytic site (including Cys106). To evaluate potential drug-like leads against DJ-1, we leveraged its deglycase activity in an enzyme-coupled, fluorescence lactate-detection assay based on the recent understanding of its deglycation mechanism. In addition, we developed assays to directly evaluate DJ-1's esterase activity using both colorimetric and fluorescent substrates. The resulting optimized assay was used to evaluate a library of potential reversible and irreversible DJ-1 inhibitors. The deglycase activity-oriented screening strategy described herein establishes a new platform for the discovery of potential anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Maksimovic
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology New York New York 10065 USA.,Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Efrat Finkin-Groner
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute 413 East 69th Street New York NY 10021 USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Fukase
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute 413 East 69th Street New York NY 10021 USA
| | - Qingfei Zheng
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Shan Sun
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute 413 East 69th Street New York NY 10021 USA
| | - Mayako Michino
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute 413 East 69th Street New York NY 10021 USA
| | - David J Huggins
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute 413 East 69th Street New York NY 10021 USA.,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York 10065 USA
| | - Robert W Myers
- Tri-Institutional Therapeutics Discovery Institute 413 East 69th Street New York NY 10021 USA
| | - Yael David
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology New York New York 10065 USA.,Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York New York 10065 USA .,Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York 10065 USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York 10065 USA
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21
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Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells as a Tool to Investigate the Effects of Cyanidin 3- O-Glucoside on Cell Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073768. [PMID: 33916494 PMCID: PMC8038597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin, a kind of anthocyanin, has been reported to have chemotherapeutic activities in humans. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are considered a potential source of pluripotent stem cells. hAECs have been used as a novel tool in regenerative cellular therapy and cell differentiation studies. In this study, to explore the effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) on hAECs and their mechanisms, we investigated the transcriptomic changes in the Cy3G-treated cells using microarray analysis. Among the differentially expressed genes (Fold change > 1.1; p-value < 0.05), 109 genes were upregulated and 232 were downregulated. Ratios of upregulated and downregulated genes were 0.22% and 0.47% of the total expressed genes, respectively. Next, we explored the enriched gene ontology, i.e., the biological process, molecular function, and cellular component of the 37 upregulated (>1.3-fold change) and 124 downregulated (<1.3-fold change) genes. Significantly enriched biological processes by the upregulated genes included “response to muscle activity,” and the genes involved in this gene ontology (GO) were Metrnl and SRD5A1, which function in the adipocyte. On the other hand, the cell cycle biological process was significantly enriched by the downregulated genes, including some from the SMC gene family. An adipogenesis-associated gene DDX6 was also included in the cell cycle biological process. Thus, our findings suggest the prospects of Cy3G in modulating adipocyte differentiation in hAECs.
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22
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Beeraka NM, Bovilla VR, Doreswamy SH, Puttalingaiah S, Srinivasan A, Madhunapantula SV. The Taming of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor-2 (Nrf2) Deglycation by Fructosamine-3-Kinase (FN3K)-Inhibitors-A Novel Strategy to Combat Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020281. [PMID: 33466626 PMCID: PMC7828646 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aim of this review is to provide an overview on (a) Fructosamine-3-Kinase (FN3K) and its role in regulating Nuclear Factor Erythorid-2-Related Factor-2 (Nrf2); (b) the role of glycation and deglycation mechanisms in modulating the functional properties of proteins, in particular, the Nrf2; (c) the dual role of Nrf2 in the prevention and treatment of cancers. Since controlling the glycation of Nrf2 is one of the key mechanisms determining the fate of a cell; whether to get transformed into a cancerous one or to stay as a normal one, it is important to regulate Nrf2 and deglycating FN3K using pharmacological agents. Inhibitors of FN3K are being explored currently to modulate Nrf2 activity thereby control the cancers. Abstract Glycated stress is mediated by the advanced glycation end products (AGE) and the binding of AGEs to the receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) in cancer cells. RAGEs are involved in mediating tumorigenesis of multiple cancers through the modulation of several downstream signaling cascades. Glycated stress modulates various signaling pathways that include p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), nuclear factor kappa–B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, etc., which further foster the uncontrolled proliferation, growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and evasion of apoptosis in several cancers. In this review, a balanced overview on the role of glycation and deglycation in modulating several signaling cascades that are involved in the progression of cancers was discussed. Further, we have highlighted the functional role of deglycating enzyme fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) on Nrf2-driven cancers. The activity of FN3K is attributed to its ability to deglycate Nrf2, a master regulator of oxidative stress in cells. FN3K is a unique protein that mediates deglycation by phosphorylating basic amino acids lysine and arginine in various proteins such as Nrf2. Deglycated Nrf2 is stable and binds to small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (sMAF) proteins, thereby activating cellular antioxidant mechanisms to protect cells from oxidative stress. This cellular protection offered by Nrf2 activation, in one way, prevents the transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell; however, in the other way, it helps a cancer cell not only to survive under hypoxic conditions but also, to stay protected from various chemo- and radio-therapeutic treatments. Therefore, the activation of Nrf2 is similar to a double-edged sword and, if not controlled properly, can lead to the development of many solid tumors. Hence, there is a need to develop novel small molecule modulators/phytochemicals that can regulate FN3K activity, thereby maintaining Nrf2 in a controlled activation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha M. Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Venugopal R. Bovilla
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Mysuru, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Shalini H. Doreswamy
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Sujatha Puttalingaiah
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Asha Srinivasan
- Division of Nanoscience and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India;
| | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India; (N.M.B.); (V.R.B.); (S.H.D.); (S.P.)
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-810-527-8621
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23
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De Bruyne S, Van den Broecke C, Vrielinck H, Khelifi S, De Wever O, Bracke K, Huizing M, Boston N, Himpe J, Speeckaert M, Vral A, Van Dorpe J, Van Aken E, Delanghe JR. Fructosamine-3-Kinase as a Potential Treatment Option for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092869. [PMID: 32899850 PMCID: PMC7565857 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world. Since advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of AMD through various lines of evidence, we investigated the potential of fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) in the disruption of retinal AGEs, drusenoid material and drusenoid lesions in patients with AMD. AGE-type autofluorescence was measured to evaluate the effects of FN3K on glycolaldehyde-induced AGE-modified neural porcine retinas and unmodified human neural retinas. Eye pairs from cigarette-smoke- and air-exposed mice were treated and evaluated histologically. Automated optical image analysis of human tissue sections was performed to compare control- and FN3K-treated drusen and near-infrared (NIR) microspectroscopy was performed to examine biochemical differences. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to evaluate the effect of FN3K on drusenoid deposits after treatment of post-mortem human eyes. FN3K treatment provoked a significant decrease (41%) of AGE-related autofluorescence in the AGE-modified porcine retinas. Furthermore, treatment of human neural retinas resulted in significant decreases of autofluorescence (−24%). FN3K-treated murine eyes showed less drusenoid material. Pairwise comparison of drusen on tissue sections revealed significant changes in color intensity after FN3K treatment. NIR microspectroscopy uncovered clear spectral differences in drusenoid material (Bruch’s membrane) and drusen after FN3K treatment. Ex vivo treatment strongly reduced size of subretinal drusenoid lesions on OCT imaging (up to 83%). In conclusion, our study demonstrated for the first time a potential role of FN3K in the disruption of AGE-related retinal autofluorescence, drusenoid material and drusenoid lesions in patients with AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander De Bruyne
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (J.H.); (J.V.D.)
| | | | - Henk Vrielinck
- Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (H.V.); (S.K.)
| | - Samira Khelifi
- Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (H.V.); (S.K.)
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (O.D.W.); (A.V.)
| | - Ken Bracke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Manon Huizing
- Biobank, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (M.H.); (N.B.)
| | - Nezahat Boston
- Biobank, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium; (M.H.); (N.B.)
| | - Jonas Himpe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (J.H.); (J.V.D.)
| | - Marijn Speeckaert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (K.B.); (M.S.)
- Research Foundation Flanders, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Vral
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (O.D.W.); (A.V.)
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (J.H.); (J.V.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Elisabeth Van Aken
- Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: (E.V.A.); (J.R.D.)
| | - Joris R. Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (S.D.B.); (J.H.); (J.V.D.)
- Correspondence: (E.V.A.); (J.R.D.)
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24
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Perkins BA, Rabbani N, Weston A, Adaikalakoteswari A, Lee JA, Lovblom LE, Cardinez N, Thornalley PJ. High fractional excretion of glycation adducts is associated with subsequent early decline in renal function in type 1 diabetes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12709. [PMID: 32728119 PMCID: PMC7391737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased protein glycation, oxidation and nitration is linked to the development of diabetic nephropathy. We reported levels of serum protein glycation, oxidation and nitration and related hydrolysis products, glycation, oxidation and nitration free adducts in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) during onset of microalbuminuria (MA) from the First Joslin Kidney Study, a prospective case-control study of patients with T1DM with and without early decline in GFR. Herein we report urinary excretion of the latter analytes and related fractional excretion values, exploring the link to MA and early decline in GFR. We recruited patients with T1DM and normoalbuminuria (NA) (n = 30) or new onset MA with and without early GFR decline (n = 22 and 33, respectively) for this study. We determined urinary protein glycation, oxidation and nitration free adducts by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and deduced fractional excretion using reported plasma levels and urinary and plasma creatinine estimates. We found urinary excretion of pentosidine was increased ca. twofold in patients with MA, compared to normoalbuminuria (0.0442 vs 0.0103 nmol/mg creatinine, P < 0.0001), and increased ca. threefold in patients with early decline in GFR, compared to patients with stable GFR (0.0561 vs 0.0176 nmol/mg creatinine, P < 0.01). Urinary excretion of all other analytes was unchanged between the study groups. Remarkably, fractional excretions of 6 lysine and arginine-derived glycation free adducts were higher in patients with early decline in GFR, compared to those with stable GFR. Impaired tubular reuptake of glycation free adducts by lysine and arginine transporter proteins in patients with early GFR decline is likely involved. We conclude that higher fractional excretions of glycation adducts are potential biomarkers for early GFR decline in T1DM and MA. Measurement of these analytes could provide the basis for identifying patients at risk of early decline in renal function to target and intensify renoprotective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Perkins
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Naila Rabbani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Andrew Weston
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,University College London School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Antonysunil Adaikalakoteswari
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Justin A Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leif E Lovblom
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Cardinez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul J Thornalley
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. .,Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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25
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Shrestha S, Katiyar S, Sanz-Rodriguez CE, Kemppinen NR, Kim HW, Kadirvelraj R, Panagos C, Keyhaninejad N, Colonna M, Chopra P, Byrne DP, Boons GJ, van der Knaap E, Eyers PA, Edison AS, Wood ZA, Kannan N. A redox-active switch in fructosamine-3-kinases expands the regulatory repertoire of the protein kinase superfamily. Sci Signal 2020; 13:eaax6313. [PMID: 32636308 PMCID: PMC8455029 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aax6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of metabolic kinases by altered redox homeostasis substantially contributes to aging and various diseases, such as diabetes. We found that the catalytic activity of a conserved family of fructosamine-3-kinases (FN3Ks), which are evolutionarily related to eukaryotic protein kinases, is regulated by redox-sensitive cysteine residues in the kinase domain. The crystal structure of the FN3K homolog from Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that it forms an unexpected strand-exchange dimer in which the ATP-binding P-loop and adjoining β strands are swapped between two chains in the dimer. This dimeric configuration is characterized by strained interchain disulfide bonds that stabilize the P-loop in an extended conformation. Mutational analysis and solution studies confirmed that the strained disulfides function as redox "switches" to reversibly regulate the activity and dimerization of FN3K. Human FN3K, which contains an equivalent P-loop Cys, was also redox sensitive, whereas ancestral bacterial FN3K homologs, which lack a P-loop Cys, were not. Furthermore, CRISPR-mediated knockout of FN3K in human liver cancer cells altered the abundance of redox metabolites, including an increase in glutathione. We propose that redox regulation evolved in FN3K homologs in response to changing cellular redox conditions. Our findings provide insights into the origin and evolution of redox regulation in the protein kinase superfamily and may open new avenues for targeting human FN3K in diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safal Shrestha
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Samiksha Katiyar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Carlos E Sanz-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Nolan R Kemppinen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hyun W Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Renuka Kadirvelraj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Charalampos Panagos
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Neda Keyhaninejad
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies (CAGT), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Maxwell Colonna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Pradeep Chopra
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Dominic P Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Geert J Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Esther van der Knaap
- Center for Applied Genetic Technologies (CAGT), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Patrick A Eyers
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Arthur S Edison
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zachary A Wood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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26
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Maksimovic I, Zheng Q, Trujillo MN, Galligan JJ, David Y. An Azidoribose Probe to Track Ketoamine Adducts in Histone Ribose Glycation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9999-10007. [PMID: 32390412 PMCID: PMC8052992 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive cellular metabolites can modify macromolecules and form adducts known as nonenzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs). The dissection of the mechanisms, regulation, and consequences of NECMs, such as glycation, has been challenging due to the complex and often ambiguous nature of the adducts formed. Specific chemical tools are required to directly track the formation of these modifications on key targets in order to uncover their underlying physiological importance. Here, we present the novel chemoenzymatic synthesis of an active azido-modified ribose analog, 5-azidoribose (5-AR), as well as the synthesis of an inactive control derivative, 1-azidoribose (1-AR), and their application toward understanding protein ribose-glycation in vitro and in cellulo. With these new probes we found that, similar to methylglyoxal (MGO) glycation, ribose glycation specifically accumulates on histones. In addition to fluorescent labeling, we demonstrate the utility of the probe in enriching modified targets, which were identified by label-free quantitative proteomics and high-resolution MS/MS workflows. Finally, we establish that the known oncoprotein and hexose deglycase, fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K), recognizes and facilitates the removal of 5-AR glycation adducts in live cells, supporting the dynamic regulation of ribose glycation as well as validating the probe as a new platform to monitor FN3K activity. Altogether, we demonstrate this probe's utilities to uncover ribose-glycation and deglycation events as well as track FN3K activity toward establishing its potential as a new cancer vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Maksimovic
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Qingfei Zheng
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Marissa N Trujillo
- Department of Pharmaocology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - James J Galligan
- Department of Pharmaocology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Yael David
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
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27
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Zheng Q, Maksimovic I, Upad A, David Y. Non-enzymatic covalent modifications: a new link between metabolism and epigenetics. Protein Cell 2020; 11:401-416. [PMID: 32356279 PMCID: PMC7251012 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications, including those on DNA and histones, have been shown to regulate cellular metabolism by controlling expression of enzymes involved in the corresponding metabolic pathways. In turn, metabolic flux influences epigenetic regulation by affecting the biosynthetic balance of enzyme cofactors or donors for certain chromatin modifications. Recently, non-enzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs) by chemically reactive metabolites have been reported to manipulate chromatin architecture and gene transcription through multiple mechanisms. Here, we summarize these recent advances in the identification and characterization of NECMs on nucleic acids, histones, and transcription factors, providing an additional mechanistic link between metabolism and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Zheng
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Igor Maksimovic
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Akhil Upad
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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28
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Sartore G, Ragazzi E, Burlina S, Paleari R, Chilelli NC, Mosca A, Avemaria F, Lapolla A. Role of fructosamine-3-kinase in protecting against the onset of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001256. [PMID: 32467223 PMCID: PMC7259852 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microangiopathic and macroangiopathic complications are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. Numerous publications have highlighted the role of glycation in the onset of complications of diabetes. In this context, the detection of fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K)-an enzyme capable of counteracting the effect of hyperglycemia by intervening in protein glycation-has attracted great interest. Several studies have linked FN3K genetic variability to its enzymatic activity and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Here, we investigated the role of FN3K polymorphisms in the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and any medical history of microangiopathic and macroangiopathic complications, were documented in a sample of 80 subjects with type 2 diabetes. All subjects were screened for FN3K gene and analyzed for the combination of three polymorphisms known to be associated with its enzymatic activity (rs3859206 and rs2256339 in the promoter region and rs1056534 in exon 6). RESULTS The combination of allelic variants of FN3K polymorphisms resulted in 13 distinct genotypic variants within the cohort. Comparison between genotypes showed no significant differences in terms of demographic, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, risk markers and long-term complications, except for a higher age and vitamin E levels associated with the genotype presenting GG at position -385, TT at position -232, and CC at c.900 A. Evaluating the microangiopathic and macroangiopathic complications as a whole, we found that they appeared significantly less present in this genotype compared with all other genotypes (p=0.0306). CONCLUSIONS The group of patients carrying the favorable allele for the three polymorphisms of the FN3K gene revealed less severe microangiopathy and macroangiopathy, suggesting a protective role of this genotype against the onset of the complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sartore
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - Eugenio Ragazzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Burlina
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - Renata Paleari
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ITB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Nino Cristiano Chilelli
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mosca
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ITB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Avemaria
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Annunziata Lapolla
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova School of Medicine and Surgery, Padova, Italy
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29
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Thornalley PJ. Measurement of Protein Glycation, Glycated Peptides, and Glycation Free Adducts. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080502500603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation adducts, early glycation adducts, such as N∊-fructosyl-lysine, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are uremic toxins. Glycation adducts are found in plasma and tissue proteins (glycation adduct residues), in peptides (glycation adduct peptide residues), and glycated amino acids (glycation free adducts). The latter two analyte groups arise from proteolysis of glycated proteins and glycation of peptides and amino acids. Quantitation of glycation adducts in uremia is difficult because of the presence of many different AGEs at low concentrations in different forms in the presence of many potential interferences. Application of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) detection to plasma, urine, and dialysate samples of uremic patients has provided a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of glycation adducts in uremia. Glycation free adducts accumulate markedly in the plasma of uremic patients and are eliminated in the peritoneal dialysate. Multiple glycation adducts, and also protein oxidation and nitration adducts, may be quantified concurrently. Glycation free adducts are the major form of glycation adduct eliminated in dialysate. LC-MS/MS may now be used to quantify concentrations, extents of protein modification, clearances, and excretion rates of glycation adducts in uremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Thornalley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
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30
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Masania J, Faustmann G, Anwar A, Hafner-Giessauf H, Rajpoot N, Grabher J, Rajpoot K, Tiran B, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Roob JM, Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Urinary Metabolomic Markers of Protein Glycation, Oxidation, and Nitration in Early-Stage Decline in Metabolic, Vascular, and Renal Health. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4851323. [PMID: 31827677 PMCID: PMC6885816 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4851323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycation, oxidation, nitration, and crosslinking of proteins are implicated in the pathogenic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Related modified amino acids formed by proteolysis are excreted in urine. We quantified urinary levels of these metabolites and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in healthy subjects and assessed changes in early-stage decline in metabolic, vascular, and renal health and explored their diagnostic utility for a noninvasive health screen. We recruited 200 human subjects with early-stage health decline and healthy controls. Urinary amino acid metabolites were determined by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Machine learning was applied to optimise and validate algorithms to discriminate between study groups for potential diagnostic utility. Urinary analyte changes were as follows: impaired metabolic health-increased N ε -carboxymethyl-lysine, glucosepane, glutamic semialdehyde, and pyrraline; impaired vascular health-increased glucosepane; and impaired renal health-increased BCAAs and decreased N ε -(γ-glutamyl)lysine. Algorithms combining subject age, BMI, and BCAAs discriminated between healthy controls and impaired metabolic, vascular, and renal health study groups with accuracy of 84%, 72%, and 90%, respectively. In 2-step analysis, algorithms combining subject age, BMI, and urinary N ε -fructosyl-lysine and valine discriminated between healthy controls and impaired health (any type), accuracy of 78%, and then between types of health impairment with accuracy of 69%-78% (cf. random selection 33%). From likelihood ratios, this provided small, moderate, and conclusive evidence of early-stage cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal disease with diagnostic odds ratios of 6 - 7, 26 - 28, and 34 - 79, respectively. We conclude that measurement of urinary glycated, oxidized, crosslinked, and branched-chain amino acids provides the basis for a noninvasive health screen for early-stage health decline in metabolic, vascular, and renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinit Masania
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Gernot Faustmann
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center (HNMRC), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Attia Anwar
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Hildegard Hafner-Giessauf
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Nasir Rajpoot
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Johanna Grabher
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Kashif Rajpoot
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Beate Tiran
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte M. Winklhofer-Roob
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center (HNMRC), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes M. Roob
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Naila Rabbani
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Paul J. Thornalley
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
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31
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Nayak AU, Singh BM, Dunmore SJ. Potential Clinical Error Arising From Use of HbA1c in Diabetes: Effects of the Glycation Gap. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:988-999. [PMID: 31074800 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The glycation gap (GGap) and the similar hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) define consistent differences between glycated hemoglobin and actual glycemia derived from fructosamine or mean blood glucose, respectively. Such a disparity may be found in a substantial proportion of people with diabetes, being >1 U of glycated HbA1c% or 7.2 mmol/mol in almost 40% of estimations. In this review we define these indices and explain how they can be calculated and that they are not spurious, being consistent in individuals over time. We evaluate the evidence that GGap and HGI are associated with variation in risk of complications and mortality and demonstrate the potential for clinical error in the unquestioning use of HbA1c. We explore the underlying etiology of the variation of HbA1c from mean glucose in blood plasma, including the potential role of enzymatic deglycation of hemoglobin by fructosamine-3-kinase. We conclude that measurement of GGap and HGI are important to diabetes clinicians and their patients in individualization of therapy and the avoidance of harm arising from consequent inappropriate assessment of glycemia and use of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth U Nayak
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Baldev M Singh
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Medicine and Clinical Practice, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom.,Wolverhampton Diabetes Centre, New Cross Hospital, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Dunmore
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Medicine and Clinical Practice, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
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32
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Shumilina J, Kusnetsova A, Tsarev A, Janse van Rensburg HC, Medvedev S, Demidchik V, Van den Ende W, Frolov A. Glycation of Plant Proteins: Regulatory Roles and Interplay with Sugar Signalling? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2366. [PMID: 31086058 PMCID: PMC6539852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycation can be defined as an array of non-enzymatic post-translational modifications of proteins formed by their interaction with reducing carbohydrates and carbonyl products of their degradation. Initial steps of this process rely on reducing sugars and result in the formation of early glycation products-Amadori and Heyns compounds via Schiff base intermediates, whereas their oxidative degradation or reactions of proteins with α-dicarbonyl compounds yield a heterogeneous group of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These compounds accompany thermal processing of protein-containing foods and are known to impact on ageing, pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease in mammals. Surprisingly, despite high tissue carbohydrate contents, glycation of plant proteins was addressed only recently and its physiological role in plants is still not understood. Therefore, here we summarize and critically discuss the first steps done in the field of plant protein glycation during the last decade. We consider the main features of plant glycated proteome and discuss them in the context of characteristic metabolic background. Further, we address the possible role of protein glycation in plants and consider its probable contribution to protein degradation, methylglyoxal and sugar signalling, as well as interplay with antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Shumilina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Alena Kusnetsova
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Petersburg Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Saint Petersburg 197022, Russia.
| | - Alexander Tsarev
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | | | - Sergei Medvedev
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China.
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Zheng Q, Omans ND, Leicher R, Osunsade A, Agustinus AS, Finkin-Groner E, D'Ambrosio H, Liu B, Chandarlapaty S, Liu S, David Y. Reversible histone glycation is associated with disease-related changes in chromatin architecture. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1289. [PMID: 30894531 PMCID: PMC6426841 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular proteins continuously undergo non-enzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs) that accumulate under normal physiological conditions and are stimulated by changes in the cellular microenvironment. Glycation, the hallmark of diabetes, is a prevalent NECM associated with an array of pathologies. Histone proteins are particularly susceptible to NECMs due to their long half-lives and nucleophilic disordered tails that undergo extensive regulatory modifications; however, histone NECMs remain poorly understood. Here we perform a detailed analysis of histone glycation in vitro and in vivo and find it has global ramifications on histone enzymatic PTMs, the assembly and stability of nucleosomes, and chromatin architecture. Importantly, we identify a physiologic regulation mechanism, the enzyme DJ-1, which functions as a potent histone deglycase. Finally, we detect intense histone glycation and DJ-1 overexpression in breast cancer tumors. Collectively, our results suggest an additional mechanism for cellular metabolic damage through epigenetic perturbation, with implications in pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Zheng
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nathaniel D Omans
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rachel Leicher
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Tri-institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Adewola Osunsade
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Tri-institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Albert S Agustinus
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Efrat Finkin-Groner
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hannah D'Ambrosio
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shixin Liu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yael David
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Tri-institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Chaplin AK, Chernukhin I, Bechtold U. Profiling of advanced glycation end products uncovers abiotic stress-specific target proteins in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:653-670. [PMID: 30395279 PMCID: PMC6322573 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic post-translational modifications of proteins can occur when the nucleophilic amino acid side chains of lysine and arginine encounter a reactive metabolite to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Glycation arises predominantly from the degradation of reducing sugars, and glycation has been observed during metabolic stress from glucose metabolism in both animals and plants. The implications of glycating proteins on plant proteins and biology has received little attention, and here we describe a robust assessment of global glycation profiles. We identified 112 glycated proteins that were common under a range of growth conditions and abiotic stress treatments, but also showed rosette age, diurnal, and drought stress-specific targets. Among 18 drought stress-specific glycation targets included several thioredoxin and thioredoxin-like proteins. In vitro glycation of two carbohydrate metabolism enzymes led either to a reduction or to a complete inhibition of activity, demonstrating the impact of glycation on protein function. Taken together, our results suggest that stress-specific glycation patterns of a small number of regulatory proteins may have a much broader impact on downstream target proteins that are, for example, associated with primary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Chaplin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK
| | - Igor Chernukhin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK
| | - Ulrike Bechtold
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, UK
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Dunmore SJ, Al-Derawi AS, Nayak AU, Narshi A, Nevill AM, Hellwig A, Majebi A, Kirkham P, Brown JE, Singh BM. Evidence That Differences in Fructosamine-3-Kinase Activity May Be Associated With the Glycation Gap in Human Diabetes. Diabetes 2018; 67:131-136. [PMID: 29066600 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of a discrepancy between glycated hemoglobin levels and other indicators of average glycemia may be due to many factors but can be measured as the glycation gap (GGap). This GGap is associated with differences in complications in patients with diabetes and may possibly be explained by dissimilarities in deglycation in turn leading to altered production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We hypothesized that variations in the level of the deglycating enzyme fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) might be associated with the GGap. We measured erythrocyte FN3K concentrations and enzyme activity in a population dichotomized for a large positive or negative GGap. FN3K protein was higher and we found a striking threefold greater activity (323%) at any given FN3K protein level in the erythrocytes of the negative-GGap group compared with the positive-GGap group. This was associated with lower AGE levels in the negative-GGap group (79%), lower proinflammatory adipokines (leptin-to-adiponectin ratio) (73%), and much lower prothrombotic PAI-1 levels (19%). We conclude that FN3K may play a key role in the GGap and thus diabetes complications such that FN3K may be a potential predictor of the risk of diabetes complications. Pharmacological modifications of its activity may provide a novel approach to their prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Dunmore
- Diabetes Research Group, Academic Institute of Medicine, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, U.K.
| | - Amr S Al-Derawi
- Diabetes Research Group, Academic Institute of Medicine, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Ananth U Nayak
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, U.K
| | - Aruna Narshi
- Diabetes Research Group, Academic Institute of Medicine, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Alan M Nevill
- Faculty of Health, Education and Wellbeing, Institute of Sport, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, U.K
| | - Anne Hellwig
- Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrew Majebi
- Diabetes Research Group, Academic Institute of Medicine, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - Paul Kirkham
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Science and Physiology, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, U.K
| | - James E Brown
- Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Baldev M Singh
- Diabetes Research Group, Academic Institute of Medicine, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, U.K
- Wolverhampton Diabetes Centre, New Cross Hospital, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, U.K
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Kidney, heart and brain: three organs targeted by ageing and glycation. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1069-1092. [PMID: 28515343 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-product (AGE) is the generic term for a heterogeneous group of derivatives arising from a non-enzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and proteins. In recent years, evidence has accumulated that incriminates AGEs in pathogenic processes associated with both chronic hyperglycaemia and age-related diseases. Regardless of their exogenous or endogenous origin, the accumulation of AGEs and their derivatives could promote accelerated ageing by leading to protein modifications and activating several inflammatory signalling pathways via AGE-specific receptors. However, it remains to be demonstrated whether preventing the accumulation of AGEs and their effects is an important therapeutic option for successful ageing. The present review gives an overview of the current knowledge on the pathogenic role of AGEs by focusing on three AGE target organs: kidney, heart and brain. For each of these organs we concentrate on an age-related disease, each of which is a major public health issue: chronic kidney disease, heart dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Even though strong connections have been highlighted between glycation and age-related pathogenesis, causal links still need to be validated. In each case, we report evidence and uncertainties suggested by animal or epidemiological studies on the possible link between pathogenesis and glycation in a chronic hyperglycaemic state, in the absence of diabetes, and with exogenous AGEs alone. Finally, we present some promising anti-AGE strategies that are currently being studied.
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Dicarbonyls and Advanced Glycation End-Products in the Development of Diabetic Complications and Targets for Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050984. [PMID: 28475116 PMCID: PMC5454897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are non-enzymatic protein and amino acid adducts as well as DNA adducts which form from dicarbonyls and glucose. AGE formation is enhanced in diabetes and is associated with the development of diabetic complications. In the current review, we discuss mechanisms that lead to enhanced AGE levels in the context of diabetes and diabetic complications. The methylglyoxal-detoxifying glyoxalase system as well as alternative pathways of AGE detoxification are summarized. Therapeutic approaches to interfere with different pathways of AGE formation are presented.
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Inaba SI, Yamaguchi-Goto M, Tanaka-Takanaka K, Yonesu K, Sakurai H, Kubota K, Izumi T. Enzymatic kinetics regarding reversible metabolism of CS-0777, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in humans. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:258-268. [PMID: 28287856 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1306150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. CS-0777, a candidate compound for autoimmune diseases, becomes phosphorylated active metabolite, M1, by fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K), FN3K-related protein (FN3K-RP); and M1 is reverted back to CS-0777 by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the body. We performed enzyme kinetic analysis of phosphorylation of CS-0777 by FN3K, FN3K-RP, human erythrocytes and human platelets; and dephosphorylation of M1 by various ALP isozymes and human liver, kidney, lung and small intestine microsomes. 2. The Michaelis constants of human FN3K, FN3K-RP and erythrocytes for CS-0777 phosphorylation were in the range from 498 μM to 1060 μM. FN3K inhibitor, 1-deoxy-1-morpholinofructose, suppressed only about 20% of CS-0777 phosphorylation activity in human erythrocyte lysate. Immunodepletion of FN3K and FN3K-RP decreased M1 formation activity by about 25% and 50%, respectively, in human erythrocyte lysate. 3. The Michaelis constants of four human ALPs and microsomes were in the range from 10.9 μM to 32.1 μM. The ALP inhibitor, levamisole, suppressed over 50% of M1 dephosphorylation activity in liver, kidney and lung microsomes. 4. FN3K-RP is expected to take a prominent role in the phosphorylation of CS-0777 in human erythrocytes; dephosphorylation of M1 was observed in all ALPs and human tissue microsomes examined, with a similar affinity towards M1 among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Inaba
- a Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Maki Yamaguchi-Goto
- a Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kaoru Tanaka-Takanaka
- a Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Yonesu
- b Oncology Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan , and
| | - Hidetaka Sakurai
- c Discovery Science and Technology Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Kazuishi Kubota
- c Discovery Science and Technology Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takashi Izumi
- a Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd , Tokyo , Japan
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Cikomola JC, Kishabongo AS, Vandepoele K, Mulder MD, Katchunga PB, Laukens B, Schie LV, Grootaert H, Callewaert N, Speeckaert MM, Delanghe JR. A simple colorimetric assay for measuring fructosamine 3 kinase activity. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 55:154-159. [PMID: 27394048 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fructosamine 3 kinase (FN3K) is a deglycating enzyme, which may play a key role in reducing diabetes-induced organ damage by removing bound glucose from glycated proteins. We wanted to develop a simple colorimetric method for assaying FN3K activity in human body fluids. METHODS Glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA) was obtained by glycation with a 10% glucose solution at 37 °C. After 72 h, glycated BSA was dialyzed against phosphate buffered saline (0.1 mol/L, pH 7.4). The dialyzed solution (containing ±1000 µmol/L fructosamine) was used as an FN3K substrate. In the assay, 300 µL of substrate was incubated with 50 µL of serum and 100 µL of MgCl2 (0.7 mmol/L)/ATP (3.2 mmol/L). The fructosamine concentration was determined at the start and after incubation (120 min, 25 °C). The decrease in fructosamine concentration over time is a measure for the FN3K activity (1 U corresponding to 1 µmol/min). Concomitantly, the FN3K SNP rs1056534 and the ferroportin SNP rs1156350 were genotyped. RESULTS Within-assay CV was 6.0%. Reference values for FN3K activity in serum were 14.2±1.6 U/L (n=143). Reference values for FN3K were neither age- nor sex-dependent. The various FN3K SNP rs1056534 genotypes showed no significant differences in serum FN3K activity. In diabetics (n=191), values (14.0±2.2 U/L) were comparable to those of the controls. FN3K activity in erythrocytes was significantly higher (170.3±7.6 U/L). The intra-erythrocytic FN3K activity makes the results prone to hemolysis. FN3K activity depended on the ferroportin Q248H genotypes, with the highest value for the wild type genotype. Neither transferrin saturation nor ferritin were confounders for the FN3K activity. FN3K activity was significantly (p<0.0001) correlated with HbA1c values, although the correlation between FN3K and HbA1c was weak. CONCLUSIONS The simple colorimetric method allows determining FN3K activity in human serum. The assay may be useful for studying the impact of deglycation processes in diabetes mellitus.
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Malmström H, Wändell PE, Holzmann MJ, Ärnlöv J, Jungner I, Hammar N, Walldius G, Carlsson AC. Low fructosamine and mortality - A long term follow-up of 215,011 non-diabetic subjects in the Swedish AMORIS study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:1120-1128. [PMID: 27751668 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Both high and low fasting glucose has been associated with an increased mortality among individuals without diabetes. This J-shaped association has also been shown for HbA1c in relation to all-cause mortality. High fructosamine is associated with increased mortality. In this study we aim to evaluate if low fructosamine is also associated with increased mortality in non-diabetic subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 215,011 subjects from the AMORIS cohort undergoing occupational health screening or primary care in Stockholm, Sweden. Cause specific mortality was obtained from the Swedish Cause-of-Death Register by record linkage. Hazard ratios for the lowest decile of fructosamine were estimated by Cox regression for all-cause (n = 41,388 deaths) and cause-specific mortality during 25 years of follow-up. We observed gradually increased mortality with lower fructosamine in a large segment of the population. In the lowest decile of fructosamine the sex, age, social class and calendar adjusted hazard ratio was 1.20 (95% CI; 1.18-1.27) compared to deciles 2-9. This increased mortality was attenuated after adjustment for six other biomarkers (HR = 1.11 (95% CI; 1.07-1.15)). Haptoglobin, an indicator of chronic inflammation, made the greatest difference in the point estimate. In sensitivity analyses we found an association between low fructosamine and smoking and adjustment for smoking further attenuated the association between low fructosamine and mortality. CONCLUSION Low levels of fructosamine in individuals without diabetes were found to be associated with increased mortality. Smoking and chronic inflammation seem to at least partially explain this association but an independent contribution by low fructosamine cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Malmström
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - P E Wändell
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - M J Holzmann
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - J Ärnlöv
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - I Jungner
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiological Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; CALAB Research, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Hammar
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Medical Evidence & Observational Research, AstraZeneca R&D, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - G Walldius
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A C Carlsson
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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Cikomola JC, Vandepoele K, Katchunga PB, Kishabongo AS, Padalko EY, Speeckaert MM, Delanghe JR. The association between fructosamine-3 kinase 900C/G polymorphism, transferrin polymorphism and human herpesvirus-8 infection in diabetics living in South Kivu. Acta Trop 2016; 163:14-9. [PMID: 27461879 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Prevalences of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection and diabetes mellitus are very common in certain parts of Africa, containing iron-rich soils. We hypothesized that some genetic factors could have a link with susceptibility to HHV-8 infection. We focused on ferroportin Q248H mutation (rs11568350), transferrin (TF) polymorphism and fructosamine-3 kinase (FN3K) 900C/G polymorphism (rs1056534). The study population consisted of 210 type 2 diabetic adults and 125 healthy controls recruited in Bukavu (South Kivu). In the whole study population (diabetics+healthy controls), ferroportin Q248H mutation was detected in 47 subjects (14.0%) with 43 heterozygotes and 4 homozygotes. TF phenotype frequencies were 88.1% (CC), 10.4% (CD) and 1.5% (BC). Genotype frequencies of FN3K 900C/G polymorphism were respectively 9,3% (CC), 43.3% (GC) and 47.4% (GG). Prevalence of HHV8-infection in the study population was 77.3%. HHV-8 infection rate and HHV-8 IgG antibody titer were significantly higher in diabetics then in controls (p<0.0001). Significant differences were observed in HHV-8 infection rate and in HHV-8 IgG antibody titer according to FN3K rs1056534 (p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively) and TF polymorphism (p<0.05 and p=0.005, respectively). No significant differences in HHV-8 infection rate and in HHV-8 IgG antibody titer were observed in the ferroportin Q248H mutation carriers (rs11568350) in comparison with ferroportin wild type. In a multiple regression analysis, FN3K rs1056534, TF polymorphism and presence of diabetes mellitus were predictors for HHV-8 infection. In contrast to these findings, ferroportin Q248H mutation (rs11568350) did not influence the susceptibility for an HHV-8 infection in sub-Saharan Africans.
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Avemaria F, Carrera P, Lapolla A, Sartore G, Chilelli NC, Paleari R, Ambrosi A, Ferrari M, Mosca A. Possible role of fructosamine 3-kinase genotyping for the management of diabetic patients. Clin Chem Lab Med 2016; 53:1315-20. [PMID: 26352355 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a global pandemic and continues to increase in numbers and significance. Several pathogenic processes are involved in the development of such disease and these mechanisms could be influenced by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Non-enzymatic glycation reactions of proteins have been strongly related to pathogenesis of chronic diabetic complications. The identification of fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K), an enzyme involved in protein deglycation, a new form of protein repair, is of great interest. FN3K phosphorylates fructosamines on the third carbon of their sugar moiety, making them unstable and causing them to detach from proteins, suggesting a protective role of this enzyme. Moreover, the variability in FN3K activity has been associated with some polymorphisms in the FN3K gene. Here we argue about genetic studies and evidence of FN3K involvement in diabetes, together with results of our analysis of the FN3K gene on a Caucasian cohort of diabetic patients. Present knowledge suggests that FN3K could act in concert with other molecular mechanisms and may impact on gene expression and activity of other enzymes involved in deglycation process.
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Mihoub M, Abdallah J, Gontero B, Dairou J, Richarme G. The DJ-1 superfamily member Hsp31 repairs proteins from glycation by methylglyoxal and glyoxal. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1305-10. [PMID: 26102038 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hsp31 belongs to the PfpI/Hsp31/DJ-1 superfamily, and has been reported to display chaperone, peptidase and glutathione-independent glyoxalase activities. Here, we show that Hsp31 repairs glyoxal- and methylglyoxal-glycated amino acids and proteins and releases repaired proteins and lactate or glycolate, respectively. Hsp31 deglycates cysteine, arginine and lysine by acting on early glycation intermediates (hemithioacetals and aminocarbinols) and prevents the formation of Schiff bases and advanced glycation endproducts. Hsp31 repairs glycated serum albumin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, fructose biphosphate aldolase and aspartate aminotransferase. Moreover, we show that bacterial extracts from the hchA mutant display increased glycation levels and that the apparent glyoxalase activity of Hsp31 reflects its deglycase activity. Our results suggest that other Hsp31 members, previously characterized as glutathione-independent glyoxalases, likely function as protein deglycases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouadh Mihoub
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, CNRS UMR 7592, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jad Abdallah
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, CNRS UMR 7592, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Julien Dairou
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, CNRS UMR 7592, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gilbert Richarme
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, CNRS UMR 7592, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France.
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Schmidt R, Böhme D, Singer D, Frolov A. Specific tandem mass spectrometric detection of AGE-modified arginine residues in peptides. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:613-624. [PMID: 25800199 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycation is a non-enzymatic reaction of protein amino and guanidino groups with reducing sugars or dicarbonyl products of their oxidative degradation. Modification of arginine residues by dicarbonyls such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal results in formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). In mammals, these modifications impact in diabetes mellitus, uremia, atherosclerosis and ageing. However, due to the low abundance of individual AGE-peptides in enzymatic digests, these species cannot be efficiently detected by LC-ESI-MS-based data-dependent acquisition (DDA) experiments. Here we report an analytical workflow that overcomes this limitation. We describe fragmentation patterns of synthetic AGE-peptides and assignment of modification-specific signals required for unambiguous structure retrieval. Most intense signals were those corresponding to unique fragment ions with m/z 152.1 and 166.1, observed in the tandem mass spectra of peptides, containing glyoxal- and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone AGEs, respectively. To detect such peptides, specific and sensitive precursor ion scanning methods were established for these signals. Further, these precursor ion scans were incorporated in conventional bottom-up proteomic approach based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) LC-MS/MS experiments. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of human serum albumin (HSA) and human plasma protein tryptic digest with subsequent structure confirmation by targeted LC-MS/MS (DDA). Altogether 44 hydroimidazolone- and dihydroxyimidazolidine-derived peptides representing 42 AGE-modified proteins were identified in plasma digests obtained from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Schmidt
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BBZ), Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Kameya M, Sakaguchi-Mikami A, Ferri S, Tsugawa W, Sode K. Advancing the development of glycated protein biosensing technology: next-generation sensing molecules. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2015; 9:183-91. [PMID: 25627465 PMCID: PMC4604589 DOI: 10.1177/1932296814565784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research advances in biochemical molecules have led to the development of convenient and reproducible biosensing molecules for glycated proteins, such as those based on the enzymes fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOX) or fructosyl peptide oxidase (FPOX). Recently, more attractive biosensing molecules with potential applications in next-generation biosensing of glycated proteins have been aggressively reported. We review 2 such molecules, fructosamine 6-kinase (FN6K) and fructosyl amino acid-binding protein, as well as their recent applications in the development of glycated protein biosensing systems. Research on FN6K and fructosyl amino acid-binding protein has been opening up new possibilities for the development of highly sensitive and proteolytic-digestion-free biosensing systems for glycated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Kameya
- Department of Biotechnology & Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akane Sakaguchi-Mikami
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Bionics, Computer and Media Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefano Ferri
- Department of Biotechnology & Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakako Tsugawa
- Department of Biotechnology & Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Sode
- Department of Biotechnology & Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan Ultizyme International Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
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Pattullo KM, Kidney BA. Reference point: Exploring fructosamine beyond diabetes mellitus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015; 244:1268-77. [PMID: 24846426 DOI: 10.2460/javma.244.11.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Pattullo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada
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Bodiga VL, Eda SR, Bodiga S. Advanced glycation end products: role in pathology of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Heart Fail Rev 2014; 19:49-63. [PMID: 23404649 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-013-9374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrates that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a pivotal role in the development and progression of diabetic heart failure, although there are numerous other factors that mediate the disease response. AGEs are generated intra- and extracellularly as a result of chronic hyperglycemia. Then, following the interaction with receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs), a series of events leading to vascular and myocardial damage are elicited and sustained, which include oxidative stress, increased inflammation, and enhanced extracellular matrix accumulation resulting in diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Whereas targeting glycemic control and treating additional risk factors, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, are mandatory to reduce chronic complications and prolong life expectancy in diabetic patients, drug therapy tailored to reducing the deleterious effects of the AGE-RAGE interactions is being actively investigated and showing signs of promise in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy and associated heart failure. This review shall discuss the formation of AGEs in diabetic heart tissue, potential targets of glycation in the myocardium, and underlying mechanisms that lead to diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure along with the use of AGE inhibitors and breakers in mitigating myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Lakshmi Bodiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Salahuddin P, Rabbani G, Khan RH. The role of advanced glycation end products in various types of neurodegenerative disease: a therapeutic approach. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2014; 19:407-37. [PMID: 25141979 PMCID: PMC6275793 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-014-0205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation is initiated by a nucleophilic addition reaction between the free amino group from a protein, lipid or nucleic acid and the carbonyl group of a reducing sugar. This reaction forms a reversible Schiff base, which rearranges over a period of days to produce ketoamine or Amadori products. The Amadori products undergo dehydration and rearrangements and develop a cross-link between adjacent proteins, giving rise to protein aggregation or advanced glycation end products (AGEs). A number of studies have shown that glycation induces the formation of the β-sheet structure in β-amyloid protein, α-synuclein, transthyretin (TTR), copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (Cu, Zn-SOD-1), and prion protein. Aggregation of the β-sheet structure in each case creates fibrillar structures, respectively causing Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial amyloid polyneuropathy, and prion disease. It has been suggested that oligomeric species of glycated α-synuclein and prion are more toxic than fibrils. This review focuses on the pathway of AGE formation, the synthesis of different types of AGE, and the molecular mechanisms by which glycation causes various types of neurodegenerative disease. It discusses several new therapeutic approaches that have been applied to treat these devastating disorders, including the use of various synthetic and naturally occurring inhibitors. Modulation of the AGE-RAGE axis is now considered promising in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the review covers several defense enzymes and proteins in the human body that are important anti-glycating systems acting to prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Salahuddin
- Distributed Information Sub Center Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002 India
| | - Gulam Rabbani
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002 India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002 India
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Szwergold BS, Miller CB. Potential of Birds to Serve as Pathology-Free Models of Type 2 Diabetes, Part 2: Do High Levels of Carbonyl-Scavenging Amino Acids (e.g., Taurine) and Low Concentrations of Methylglyoxal Limit the Production of Advanced Glycation End-Products? Rejuvenation Res 2014; 17:347-58. [PMID: 24684667 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2014.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Voziyan P, Brown KL, Chetyrkin S, Hudson B. Site-specific AGE modifications in the extracellular matrix: a role for glyoxal in protein damage in diabetes. Clin Chem Lab Med 2014; 52:39-45. [PMID: 23492568 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic modification of proteins in hyperglycemia is a major proposed mechanism of diabetic complications. Specifically, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) derived from hyperglycemia-induced reactive carbonyl species (RCS) can have pathogenic consequences when they target functionally critical protein residues. Modification of a small number of these critical residues, often undetectable by the methodologies relying on measurements of total AGE levels, can cause significant functional damage. Therefore, detection of specific sites of protein damage in diabetes is central to understanding the molecular basis of diabetic complications and for identification of biomarkers which are mechanistically linked to the disease. The current paradigm of RCS-derived protein damage places a major focus on methylglyoxal (MGO), an intermediate of cellular glycolysis. We propose that glyoxal (GO) is a major contributor to extracellular matrix (ECM) damage in diabetes. Here, we review the current knowledge and provide new data about GO-derived site-specific ECM modification in experimental diabetes.
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