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Wang D, Yao H, Ye J, Gao Y, Cong H, Yu B. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Classification, Synthesis, Modification, and Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2404350. [PMID: 39149999 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new variety of solid crystalline porous functional materials. As an extension of inorganic porous materials, it has made important progress in preparation and application. MOFs are widely used in various fields such as gas adsorption storage, drug delivery, sensing, and biological imaging due to their high specific surface area, porosity, adjustable pore size, abundant active sites, and functional modification by introducing groups. In this paper, the types of MOFs are classified, and the synthesis methods and functional modification mechanisms of MOFs materials are summarized. Finally, the application prospects and challenges of metal-organic framework materials in the biomedical field are discussed, hoping to promote their application in multidisciplinary fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Huanchen Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jiashuo Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yan Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, China
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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2
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Li K, Tolentino Collado J, Marden JA, Pollard AC, Guo S, Tonge PJ, Qu W. Biological Evaluation of d-[ 18F]Fluoroalanine and d-[ 18F]Fluoroalanine- d3 as Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Tracers for Bacterial Infection. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39082959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
d-Amino acids such as d-alanine are substrates for bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis and are selectively taken up by bacteria and not mammalian cells. Consequently, d-amino acid metabolism is an attractive target for antibiotic discovery and the development of bacteria-specific imaging agents. d-Fluoroalanine and the deuterium-labeled analogue fludalanine (MK641) were originally explored as antibiotics by Merck but failed in clinical trials due to unaccepted toxicity. Herein, we synthesized a fluorine-18 labeled d-fluoroalanine, d-3-[18F]fluoroalanine (d-[18F]FAla), and its deuterated analogue, d-3-[18F]fluoroalanine-d3 (d-[18F]FAla-d3), and evaluated their capability to image bacterial infection. Both d-[18F]FAla and d-[18F]FAla-d3 can accumulate up to 0.64-0.78% ID/cc in the infectious area at 15 min postinjection. Despite the reduction of in vivo defluorination not being observed for deuterated 18F-labeled d-fluoroalanine, these radiolabeled d-alanine analogues were able to differentiate bacterial infection from sterile inflammation in a soft-tissue model of S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Li
- Center for Advanced Study of Drug Action, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Jinnette Tolentino Collado
- Center for Advanced Study of Drug Action, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Jocelyn A Marden
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Alyssa C Pollard
- Center for Advanced Study of Drug Action, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Shuwen Guo
- Center for Advanced Study of Drug Action, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Peter J Tonge
- Center for Advanced Study of Drug Action, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Wenchao Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, John S. Toll Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- PET Research Core, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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3
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Thompson E, Qureshi A. Pathogens in FRI - Do bugs matter? - An analysis of FRI studies to assess your enemy. J Orthop 2024; 53:59-72. [PMID: 38476676 PMCID: PMC10925936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fracture-related infection (FRI) is a devasting complication for both patients and their treating Orthopaedic surgeon that can lead to loss of limb function or even amputation. The unique and unpredictable features of FRI make its diagnosis and treatment a significant challenge. It has substantial morbidity and financial implications for patients, their families and healthcare providers. In this article, we perform an in-depth and comprehensive review of FRI through recent and seminal literature to highlight evolving definitions, diagnostic and treatment approaches, focusing on common pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, polymicrobial infections and multi-drug-resistant organisms (MDRO). Furthermore, multiple resistance mechanisms and adaptations for microbial survival are discussed, as well as modern evidence-based medical and surgical advancements in treatment strategies in combating FRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmet Thompson
- Limb Reconstruction Service, Trauma & Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Amir Qureshi
- Limb Reconstruction Service, Trauma & Orthopaedic Department, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
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4
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Kahts M, Summers B, Gutta A, Pilloy W, Ebenhan T. Recently developed radiopharmaceuticals for bacterial infection imaging. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:49. [PMID: 38896373 PMCID: PMC11187059 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, regardless of advances in antimicrobial therapy and improved knowledge of microorganisms. With the major global threat posed by antimicrobial resistance, fast and accurate diagnosis of infections, and the reliable identification of intractable infection, are becoming more crucial for effective treatment and the application of antibiotic stewardship. Molecular imaging with the use of nuclear medicine allows early detection and localisation of infection and inflammatory processes, as well as accurate monitoring of treatment response. There has been a continuous search for more specific radiopharmaceuticals to be utilised for infection imaging. This review summarises the most prominent discoveries in specifically bacterial infection imaging agents over the last five years, since 2019. MAIN BODY Some promising new radiopharmaceuticals evaluated in patient studies are reported here, including radiolabelled bacterial siderophores like [68Ga]Ga-DFO-B, radiolabelled antimicrobial peptide/peptide fragments like [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-UBI29-41, and agents that target bacterial synthesis pathways (folic acid and peptidoglycan) like [11C]para-aminobenzoic acid and D-methyl-[11C]-methionine, with clinical trials underway for [18F]fluorodeoxy-sorbitol, as well as for 11C- and 18F-labelled trimethoprim. CONCLUSION It is evident that a great deal of effort has gone into the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for infection imaging over the last few years, with remarkable progress in preclinical investigations. However, translation to clinical trials, and eventually clinical Nuclear Medicine practice, is apparently slow. It is the authors' opinion that a more structured and harmonised preclinical setting and well-designed clinical investigations are the key to reliably evaluate the true potential of the newly proposed infection imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryke Kahts
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa.
| | - Beverley Summers
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Aadil Gutta
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
- School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Wilfrid Pilloy
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine Department and Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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Pandey A, Chopra S, Cleary SJ, López-Álvarez M, Quimby FM, Alanizi AAA, Sakhamuri S, Zhang N, Looney MR, Craik CS, Wilson DM, Evans MJ. Imaging the Granzyme Mediated Host Immune Response to Viral and Bacterial Pathogens In Vivo Using Positron Emission Tomography. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:2108-2117. [PMID: 38819300 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how the host immune system engages complex pathogens is essential to developing therapeutic strategies to overcome their virulence. While granzymes are well understood to trigger apoptosis in infected host cells or bacteria, less is known about how the immune system mobilizes individual granzyme species in vivo to combat diverse pathogens. Toward the goal of studying individual granzyme function directly in vivo, we previously developed a new class of radiopharmaceuticals termed "restricted interaction peptides (RIPs)" that detect biochemically active endoproteases using positron emission tomography (PET). In this study, we showed that secreted granzyme B proteolysis in response to diverse viral and bacterial pathogens could be imaged with [64Cu]Cu-GRIP B, a RIP that specifically targets granzyme B. Wild-type or germline granzyme B knockout mice were instilled intranasally with the A/PR/8/34 H1N1 influenza A strain to generate pneumonia, and granzyme B production within the lungs was measured using [64Cu]Cu-GRIP B PET/CT. Murine myositis models of acute bacterial (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and L. monocytogenes) infection were also developed and imaged using [64Cu]Cu-GRIP B. In all cases, the mice were studied in vivo using mPET/CT and ex vivo via tissue-harvesting, gamma counting, and immunohistochemistry. [64Cu]Cu-GRIP B uptake was significantly higher in the lungs of wild-type mice that received A/PR/8/34 H1N1 influenza A strain compared to mice that received sham or granzyme B knockout mice that received either treatment. In wild-type mice, [64Cu]Cu-GRIP B uptake was significantly higher in the infected triceps muscle versus normal muscle and the contralateral triceps inoculated with heat killed bacteria. In granzyme B knockout mice, [64Cu]Cu-GRIP B uptake above the background was not observed in the infected triceps muscle. Interestingly, live L. monocytogenes did not induce detectable granzyme B on PET, despite prior in vitro data, suggesting a role for granzyme B in suppressing their pathogenicity. In summary, these data show that the granzyme response elicited by diverse human pathogens can be imaged using PET. These results and data generated via additional RIPs specific for other granzyme proteases will allow for a deeper mechanistic study analysis of their complex in vivo biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva Pandey
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Shalini Chopra
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Simon J Cleary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Marina López-Álvarez
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Fiona M Quimby
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Aryn A A Alanizi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Sasank Sakhamuri
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Ningjing Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Mark R Looney
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Charles S Craik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - David M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Michael J Evans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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6
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Payne K, Zhao Y, Bhosale AA, Zhang X. Dual-Tuned Coaxial-Transmission-Line RF Coils for Hyperpolarized 13C and Deuterium 2H Metabolic MRS Imaging at Ultrahigh Fields. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:1521-1530. [PMID: 38090865 PMCID: PMC11095995 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2023.3341760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Information on the metabolism of tissues in healthy and diseased states plays a significant role in the detection and understanding of tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. Hyperpolarized carbon-13 magnetic resonance imaging (13C-HPMRI) and deuterium metabolic imaging (2H-DMI) are two emerging X-nuclei used as practical imaging tools to investigate tissue metabolism. However due to their low gyromagnetic ratios (ɣ13C = 10.7 MHz/T; ɣ2H = 6.5 MHz/T) and natural abundance, such method required a sophisticated dual-tuned radiofrequency (RF) coil. METHODS Here, we report a dual-tuned coaxial transmission line (CTL) RF coil agile for metabolite information operating at 7T with independent tuning capability. The design analysis has demonstrated how both resonant frequencies can be individually controlled by simply varying the constituent of the design parameters. RESULTS Numerical results have demonstrated a broadband tuning range capability, covering most of the X-nucleus signal, especially the 13C and 2H spectra at 7T. Furthermore, in order to validate the feasibility of the proposed design, both dual-tuned 1H/13C and 1H/2H CTLs RF coils are fabricated using a semi-flexible RG-405 .086" coaxial cable and bench test results (scattering parameters and magnetic field efficiency/distribution) are successfully obtained. CONCLUSION The proposed dual-tuned RF coils reveal highly effective magnetic field obtained from both proton and heteronuclear signal which is crucial for accurate and detailed imaging. SIGNIFICANCE The successful development of this new dual-tuned RF coil technique would provide a tangible and efficient tool for ultrahigh field metabolic MR imaging.
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7
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Alanizi AA, Sorlin AM, Parker MFL, López-Álvarez M, Qin H, Lee SH, Blecha J, Rosenberg OS, Engel J, Ohliger MA, Flavell RR, Wilson DM. Bioorthogonal Radiolabeling of Azide-Modified Bacteria Using [ 18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:517-527. [PMID: 38482815 PMCID: PMC11036355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: This study was motivated by the need for better positron emission tomography (PET)-compatible tools to image bacterial infection. Our previous efforts have targeted bacteria-specific metabolism via assimilation of carbon-11 labeled d-amino acids into the bacterial cell wall. Since the chemical determinants of this incorporation are not fully understood, we sought a high-throughput method to label d-amino acid derived structures with fluorine-18. Our strategy employed a chemical biology approach, whereby an azide (-N3) bearing d-amino acid is incorporated into peptidoglycan muropeptides, with subsequent "click" cycloaddition with an 18F-labeled strained cyclooctyne partner. Procedures: A water-soluble, 18F-labeled and dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-derived radiotracer ([18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO) was synthesized. This tracer was incubated with pathogenic bacteria treated with azide-bearing d-amino acids, and incorporated 18F was determined via gamma counting. In vitro uptake in bacteria previously treated with azide-modified d-amino acids was compared to that in cultures treated with amino acid controls. The biodistribution of [18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO was studied in a cohort of healthy mice with implications for future in vivo imaging. Results: The new strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) radiotracer [18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO was synthesized with high radiochemical yield and purity via N-succinimidyl 4-[18F]fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB). Accumulation of [18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO was significantly higher in several bacteria treated with azide-modified d-amino acids than in controls; for example, we observed 7 times greater [18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO ligation in Staphylococcus aureus cultures incubated with 3-azido-d-alanine versus those incubated with d-alanine. Conclusions: The SPAAC radiotracer [18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO was validated in vitro via metabolic labeling of azide-bearing peptidoglycan muropeptides. d-Amino acid-derived PET radiotracers may be more efficiently screened via [18F]FB-sulfo-DBCO modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryn A. Alanizi
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Alexandre M. Sorlin
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Matthew F. L. Parker
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine
at Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Marina López-Álvarez
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Hecong Qin
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Joseph Blecha
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Oren S. Rosenberg
- Department
of Medicine, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Joanne Engel
- Department
of Medicine, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Michael A. Ohliger
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General
Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, United States
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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Bhatt Mitra J, Chatterjee S, Kumar A, Khatoon E, Chandak A, Rakshit S, Bandyopadhyay A, Mukherjee A. Expanding a peptide-covalent probe hybrid for PET imaging of S. aureus driven focal infections. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:25. [PMID: 38530487 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urgent demand for innovative theranostic strategies to combat bacterial resistance to antibiotics is evident, with substantial implications for global health. Rapid diagnosis of life-threatening infections can expedite treatment, improving patient outcomes. Leveraging diagnostic modalities i.e., positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for detecting focal infections has yielded promising results. Augmenting the sensitivity of current PET and SPECT tracers could enable effective imaging of pathogenic bacteria, including drug-resistant strains.UBI (29-41), an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) fragment recognizes the S. aureus membrane through electrostatic binding. Radiolabeled UBI (29-41) is a promising SPECT and PET-based tracer for detecting focal infections. 2-APBA (2-acetyl-phenyl-boronic acid), a non-natural amino acid, specifically targets lysyl-phosphatidyl-glycerol (lysyl-PG) on the S. aureus membranes, particularly in AMP-resistant strains. We propose that combining UBI with 2-APBA could enhance the diagnostic potential of radiolabeled UBI. RESULTS Present work aimed to compare the diagnostic potential of two radiolabeled peptides, namely UBI (29-41) and 2-APBA modified UBI (29-41), referred to as UBI and UBI-APBA. APBA modification imparted antibacterial activity to the initially non-bactericidal UBI against S. aureus by inducing a loss of membrane potential. The antibacterial activity demonstrated by UBI-APBA can be ascribed to the synergistic interaction of both UBI and UBI-APBA on the bacterial membrane. To enable PET imaging, we attached the chelator 1,4,7-triazacyclononane 1-glutaric acid 4,7-acetic acid (NODAGA) to the peptides for complexation with the positron emitter Gallium-68 (68Ga). Both NODAGA conjugates were radiolabeled with 68Ga with high radiochemical purity. The resultant 68Ga complexes were stable in phosphate-buffered saline and human serum. Uptake of these complexes was observed in S. aureus but not in mice splenocytes, indicating the selective nature of their interaction. Additionally, the APBA conjugate exhibited superior uptake in S. aureus while preserving the selectivity of the parent peptide. Furthermore, [68Ga]Ga-UBI-APBA demonstrated accumulation at the site of infection in rats, with an improved target-to-non-target ratio, as evidenced by ex-vivo biodistribution and PET imaging. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that linking UBI, as well as AMPs in general, with APBA shows promise as a strategy to augment the theranostic potential of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Bhatt Mitra
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India
| | - Saurav Chatterjee
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Ropar, Punjab, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Ashok Chandak
- Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Navi Mumbai, India
| | | | - Anupam Bandyopadhyay
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Ropar, Punjab, India.
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India.
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9
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Sorlin A, López-Álvarez M, Biboy J, Gray J, Rabbitt SJ, Rahim JU, Lee SH, Bobba KN, Blecha J, Parker MF, Flavell RR, Engel J, Ohliger M, Vollmer W, Wilson DM. Peptidoglycan-Targeted [ 18F]3,3,3-Trifluoro-d-alanine Tracer for Imaging Bacterial Infection. JACS AU 2024; 4:1039-1047. [PMID: 38559735 PMCID: PMC10976610 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Imaging is increasingly used to detect and monitor bacterial infection. Both anatomic (X-rays, computed tomography, ultrasound, and MRI) and nuclear medicine ([111In]-WBC SPECT, [18F]FDG PET) techniques are used in clinical practice but lack specificity for the causative microorganisms themselves. To meet this challenge, many groups have developed imaging methods that target pathogen-specific metabolism, including PET tracers integrated into the bacterial cell wall. We have previously reported the d-amino acid derived PET radiotracers d-methyl-[11C]-methionine, d-[3-11C]-alanine, and d-[3-11C]-alanine-d-alanine, which showed robust bacterial accumulation in vitro and in vivo. Given the clinical importance of radionuclide half-life, in the current study, we developed [18F]3,3,3-trifluoro-d-alanine (d-[18F]-CF3-ala), a fluorine-18 labeled tracer. We tested the hypothesis that d-[18F]-CF3-ala would be incorporated into bacterial peptidoglycan given its structural similarity to d-alanine itself. NMR analysis showed that the fluorine-19 parent amino acid d-[19F]-CF3-ala was stable in human and mouse serum. d-[19F]-CF3-ala was also a poor substrate for d-amino acid oxidase, the enzyme largely responsible for mammalian d-amino acid metabolism and a likely contributor to background signals using d-amino acid derived PET tracers. In addition, d-[19F]-CF3-ala showed robust incorporation into Escherichia coli peptidoglycan, as detected by HPLC/mass spectrometry. Based on these promising results, we developed a radiosynthesis of d-[18F]-CF3-ala via displacement of a bromo-precursor with [18F]fluoride followed by chiral stationary phase HPLC. Unexpectedly, the accumulation of d-[18F]-CF3-ala by bacteria in vitro was highest for Gram-negative pathogens in particular E. coli. In a murine model of acute bacterial infection, d-[18F]-CF3-ala could distinguish live from heat-killed E. coli, with low background signals. These results indicate the viability of [18F]-modified d-amino acids for infection imaging and indicate that improved specificity for bacterial metabolism can improve tracer performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre
M. Sorlin
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Marina López-Álvarez
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Jacob Biboy
- The
Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Newcastle
University Newcastle, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Gray
- The
Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Newcastle
University Newcastle, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. Rabbitt
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Junaid Ur Rahim
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Kondapa Naidu Bobba
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Joseph Blecha
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Mathew F.L. Parker
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department
of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine
at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- UCSF
Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, San
Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Joanne Engel
- Department
of Medicine, University of California, San
Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, University
of California, San Francisco, San
Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Michael Ohliger
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General
Hospital, San Francisco, California 94110, United States
| | - Waldemar Vollmer
- The
Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Newcastle
University Newcastle, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department
of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging University
of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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10
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Betrains A, Mulders-Manders CM, Aarntzen EH, Vanderschueren S, Rovers CP. Update on imaging in fever and inflammation of unknown origin: focus on infectious disorders. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024; 30:288-295. [PMID: 37597617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fever of unknown origin (FUO) and inflammation of unknown origin (IUO) are diagnostic challenges that often require an extensive work-up. When first-line tests do not provide any or only misleading clues, second-line investigations such as specialized imaging techniques are often warranted. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of the diagnostic value of imaging techniques that are commonly used in patients with FUO/IUO. SOURCES MEDLINE database was searched to identify the most relevant studies, trials, reviews, or meta-analyses until 31 March 2023. CONTENT The most important types of second-line imaging tests for FUO and IUO are outlined, including [67Ga]-citrate single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (CT), labelled leukocyte imaging, [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography CT ([18F]-FDG-PET), and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging. This review summarizes the diagnostic yield, extends on potential future imaging techniques (pathogen-specific bacterial imaging and [18F]-FDG-PET/magnetic resonance imaging), discusses cost-effectiveness, highlights practical implications and pitfalls, and addresses future perspectives. Where applicable, we provide additional data specifically for the infection subgroup. IMPLICATIONS Although many imaging examinations are proven to be useful in FUO and IUO, [18F]-FDG-PET/CT is the preferred second-line test when available as it provides a high diagnostic yield in a presumably cost-effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht Betrains
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Erik H Aarntzen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Vanderschueren
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal P Rovers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Koatale P, Welling MM, Ndlovu H, Kgatle M, Mdanda S, Mdlophane A, Okem A, Takyi-Williams J, Sathekge MM, Ebenhan T. Insights into Peptidoglycan-Targeting Radiotracers for Imaging Bacterial Infections: Updates, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:270-286. [PMID: 38290525 PMCID: PMC10862554 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The unique structural architecture of the peptidoglycan allows for the stratification of bacteria as either Gram-negative or Gram-positive, which makes bacterial cells distinguishable from mammalian cells. This classification has received attention as a potential target for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Bacteria's ability to metabolically integrate peptidoglycan precursors during cell wall biosynthesis and recycling offers an opportunity to target and image pathogens in their biological state. This Review explores the peptidoglycan biosynthesis for bacteria-specific targeting for infection imaging. Current and potential radiolabeled peptidoglycan precursors for bacterial infection imaging, their development status, and their performance in vitro and/or in vivo are highlighted. We conclude by providing our thoughts on how to shape this area of research for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palesa
C. Koatale
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mick M. Welling
- Interventional
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Honest Ndlovu
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mankgopo Kgatle
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sipho Mdanda
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Amanda Mdlophane
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ambrose Okem
- Department
of Anaesthesia, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Witwatersrand, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - John Takyi-Williams
- Pharmacokinetic
and Mass Spectrometry Core, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mike M. Sathekge
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear
Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI) NPC, 0001 Pretoria, South Africa
- DSI/NWU Pre-clinical
Drug Development Platform, North West University, 2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa
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12
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Kumar A, Mitra JB, Khatoon E, Pramanik A, Sharma RK, Chandak A, Rakshit S, Mukherjee A. Exploring the potential of radiolabeled duramycin as an infection imaging probe. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22138. [PMID: 38078492 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The continuous pursuit of designing an ideal infection imaging agent is a crucial and ongoing endeavor in the field of biomedical research. Duramycin, an antimicrobial peptide exerts its antimicrobial action on bacteria by specific recognition of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) moiety present on most bacterial membranes, particularly Escherichia coli (E. coli). E. coli membranes contain more than 60% PE. Therefore, duramycin is an attractive candidate for the formulation of probes for in situ visualization of E. coli driven focal infections. The aim of the present study is to develop 99m Tc labeled duramycin as a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-based agent to image such infections. Duramycin was successfully conjugated with a bifunctional chelator, hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC). PE specificity of HYNIC-duramycin was confirmed by a dye release assay on PE-containing model membranes. Radiolabeling of HYNIC-duramycin with 99m Tc was performed with consistently high radiochemical yield (>90%) and radiochemical purity (>90%). [99m Tc]Tc-HYNIC-duramycin retained its specificity for E. coli, in vitro. SPECT and biodistribution studies showed that the tracer could specifically identify E. coli driven infection at 3 h post injection. While 99m Tc-labeled duramycin is employed for monitoring early response to cancer therapy and cardiotoxicity, the current studies have confirmed, for the first time, the potential of utilizing 99m Tc labeled duramycin as an imaging agent for detecting bacteria. Its application in imaging PE-positive bacteria represents a novel and promising advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Jyotsna Bhatt Mitra
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Aparna Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rohit K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashok Chandak
- Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Navi Mumbai, India
| | | | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Life Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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13
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Jiang Y, Han P, Yin G, Wang Q, Feng J, Ruan Q, Xiao D, Zhang J. Radiosynthesis and Bioevaluation of 99mTc-Labeled Isocyanide Ubiquicidin 29-41 Derivatives as Potential Agents for Bacterial Infection Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1045. [PMID: 38256119 PMCID: PMC10816394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To develop a novel 99mTc-labeled ubiquicidin 29-41 derivative for bacterial infection single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with improved target-to-nontarget ratio and lower nontarget organ uptake, a series of isocyanide ubiquicidin 29-41 derivatives (CNnUBI 29-41, n = 5-9) with different carbon linkers were designed, synthesized and radiolabeled with the [99mTc]Tc(I)+ core, [99mTc][Tc(I)(CO)3(H2O)3]+ core and [99mTc][Tc(V)N]2+ core. All the complexes are hydrophilic, maintain good stability and specifically bind Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. The biodistribution in mice with bacterial infection and sterile inflammation demonstrated that [99mTc]Tc-CN5UBI 29-41 was able to distinguish bacterial infection from sterile inflammation, which had an improved abscess uptake and a greater target-to-nontarget ratio. SPECT imaging study of [99mTc]Tc-CN5UBI 29-41 in bacterial infection mice showed that there was a clear accumulation in the infection site, suggesting that this radiotracer could be a potential radiotracer for bacterial infection imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
| | - Peiwen Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
| | - Guangxing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
| | - Qianna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
| | - Junhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
- Department of Isotopes, China Institute of Atomic Energy, P.O. Box 2108, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Qing Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Di Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
| | - Junbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals of Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (Y.J.); (P.H.); (G.Y.); (Q.W.); (J.F.); (Q.R.); (D.X.)
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14
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Miranda ACC, Fuscaldi LL, Mejia J, da Silva FFA, Turato WM, Mendonça FF, Nogueira SA, Osawa A, Yamaga LYI, Malavolta L, de Barboza MF. Radiosynthesis Standardization and Preclinical Assessment of the [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Ubiquicidin 29-41: A Translational Study Targeting Differential Diagnosis of Infectious Processes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:48. [PMID: 38256881 PMCID: PMC10821498 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Human bacterial infections significantly contribute to the increase in healthcare-related burdens. This scenario drives the study of novel techniques for the early and precise diagnosis of infectious processes. Some alternatives include Nuclear Medicine- and Molecular Imaging-based strategies. However, radiopharmaceuticals that are available for routine assessments are not specific to differentiating infectious from aseptic inflammatory processes. In this context, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Ubiquicidin29-41 was synthesized using an automated module and radiochemical; in vivo and in vitro studies were performed. The radiopharmaceutical remained stable in saline (up to 180 min) and in rodent serum (up to 120 min) with radiochemical purities > 99 and 95%, respectively. Partition coefficient and serum protein binding at 60 min were determined (-3.63 ± 0.17 and 44.06 ± 1.88%, respectively). Ex vivo biodistribution, as well as in vivo microPET/CT images in mice, showed rapid blood clearance with renal excretion and reduced uptake in other organs in Staphylococcus aureus-infected animals. Higher uptake was observed in the target as compared to the non-target tissue (p < 0.0001) at 60 min post administration. The presented in-human clinical case demonstrates uptake of the radiopharmaceutical by Staphyloccocus aureus bacteria. These results indicate the potential of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Ubiquicidin29-41 as a radiopharmaceutical that can be obtained in a hospital radiopharmacy for the diagnosis of infectious processes using PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo 01224-001, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (F.F.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Jorge Mejia
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (J.M.); (S.A.N.); (L.Y.I.Y.); (M.F.d.B.)
| | | | - Walter Miguel Turato
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira Mendonça
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo 01224-001, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (F.F.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Solange Amorim Nogueira
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (J.M.); (S.A.N.); (L.Y.I.Y.); (M.F.d.B.)
| | - Akemi Osawa
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (J.M.); (S.A.N.); (L.Y.I.Y.); (M.F.d.B.)
| | - Lilian Yuri Itaya Yamaga
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (J.M.); (S.A.N.); (L.Y.I.Y.); (M.F.d.B.)
| | - Luciana Malavolta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo 01224-001, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (F.F.M.); (L.M.)
| | - Marycel Figols de Barboza
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil; (J.M.); (S.A.N.); (L.Y.I.Y.); (M.F.d.B.)
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15
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Alberto S, Ordonez AA, Arjun C, Aulakh GK, Beziere N, Dadachova E, Ebenhan T, Granados U, Korde A, Jalilian A, Lestari W, Mukherjee A, Petrik M, Sakr T, Cuevas CLS, Welling MM, Zeevaart JR, Jain SK, Wilson DM. The Development and Validation of Radiopharmaceuticals Targeting Bacterial Infection. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:1676-1682. [PMID: 37770110 PMCID: PMC10626374 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.265906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The International Atomic Energy Agency organized a technical meeting at its headquarters in Vienna, Austria, in 2022 that included 17 experts representing 12 countries, whose research spanned the development and use of radiolabeled agents for imaging infection. The meeting focused largely on bacterial pathogens. The group discussed and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of several radiopharmaceuticals, as well as the science driving various imaging approaches. The main objective was to understand why few infection-targeted radiotracers are used in clinical practice despite the urgent need to better characterize bacterial infections. This article summarizes the resulting consensus, at least among the included scientists and countries, on the current status of radiopharmaceutical development for infection imaging. Also included are opinions and recommendations regarding current research standards in this area. This and future International Atomic Energy Agency-sponsored collaborations will advance the goal of providing the medical community with innovative, practical tools for the specific image-based diagnosis of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signore Alberto
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza," Rome, Italy
| | - Alvaro A Ordonez
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chanda Arjun
- Radiopharmaceutical Program, Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Aulakh
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nicolas Beziere
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, and Radiochemistry, Applied Radiation, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, South Africa
| | - Ulises Granados
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Internacional de Colombia-Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Piedecuesta, Colombia
| | - Aruna Korde
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Amirreza Jalilian
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wening Lestari
- National Nuclear Energy Agency, South Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Milos Petrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine and Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tamer Sakr
- Radioactive Isotopes and Generator Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mick M Welling
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; and
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, and Radiochemistry, Applied Radiation, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, South Africa
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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16
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Mitra JB, Mukherjee A, Kumar A, Chandak A, Rakshit S, Yadav HD, Pandey BN, Sarma HD. Imaging of bacterial infection: Harnessing positron emission tomography and Cherenkov luminescence imaging with UBI-derived octapeptide. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1513-1521. [PMID: 37571805 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging techniques for the early detection of infections are in high demand. In this study, we present the development of an infection imaging agent consisting of the antimicrobial peptide fragment UBI (31-38) conjugated to the chelator 1,4,7-triazacyclononane,1-glutaric acid-4,7-acetic acid (NODAGA), which allows for labeling with the positron emitter Ga-68. The preclinical evaluation of [68 Ga]Ga-NODAGA-UBI (31-38) was conducted to investigate its potential for imaging bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The octapeptide derived from ubiquicidin, UBI (31-38), was synthesized and conjugated with the chelator NODAGA. The conjugate was then radiolabeled with Ga-68. The radiolabeling process and the stability of the radio formulation were confirmed through chromatography. The study included both in vitro evaluations using S. aureus and in vivo evaluations in an animal model of infection and inflammation. Positron emission tomography (PET) and Cherenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) were performed to visualize the targeted localization of the radio formulation at the site of infection. Ex vivo biodistribution studies were carried out to quantify the uptake of the radio formulation in different organs and tissues. Additionally, the uptake of [18 F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F] FDG) in the animal model was also studied for comparison. The [68 Ga]Ga-NODAGA-UBI (31-38) complex consistently exhibited high radiochemical purity (>90%) after formulation. The complex demonstrated stability in saline, phosphate-buffered saline, and human serum for up to 3 h. Notably, the complex displayed significantly higher uptake in S. aureus, which was inhibited in the presence of unconjugated UBI (29-41) peptide, confirming the specificity of the formulation for bacterial membranes. Bacterial imaging capability was also observed in PET and CLI images. Biodistribution results indicated a substantial target-to-nontarget ratio of approximately 4 at 1 h postinjection of the radio formulation. Conversely, the uptake of [18 F]FDG in the animal model did not allow for the discrimination of infected and inflamed sites. Our studies have demonstrated that [68 Ga]Ga-NODAGA-UBI (31-38) holds promise as a radiotracer for imaging bacterial infections caused by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Bhatt Mitra
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Ashok Chandak
- Board of Radiation & Isotope Technology, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sutapa Rakshit
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Hansa D Yadav
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Badri Narain Pandey
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
| | - Haladhar Dev Sarma
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai, India
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17
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Payne K, Zhao Y, Bhosale AA, Zhang X. Dual-tuned Coaxial-transmission-line RF coils for Hyperpolarized 13C and Deuterium 2H Metabolic MRS Imaging at Ultrahigh Fields. ARXIV 2023:arXiv:2307.11221v3. [PMID: 37502626 PMCID: PMC10370217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective Information on the metabolism of tissues in healthy and diseased states plays a significant role in the detection and understanding of tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. Hyperpolarized carbon-13 magnetic resonance imaging (13C-HPMRI) and deuterium metabolic imaging (2H-DMI) are two emerging X-nuclei used as practical imaging tools to investigate tissue metabolism. However due to their low gyromagnetic ratios (ɣ13C = 10.7 MHz/T; ɣ 2H = 6.5 MHz/T) and natural abundance, such method required a sophisticated dual-tuned radiofrequency (RF) coil. Methods Here, we report a dual-tuned coaxial transmission line (CTL) RF coil agile for metabolite information operating at 7T with independent tuning capability. The design analysis has demonstrated how both resonant frequencies can be individually controlled by simply varying the constituent of the design parameters. Results Numerical results have demonstrated a broadband tuning range capability, covering most of the X-nucleus signal, especially the 13C and 2H spectra at 7T. Furthermore, in order to validate the feasibility of the proposed design, both dual-tuned 1H/13C and 1H/2H CTLs RF coils are fabricated using a semi-flexible RG-405 .086" coaxial cable and bench test results (scattering parameters and magnetic field efficiency/distribution) are successfully obtained. Conclusion The proposed dual-tuned RF coils reveal highly effective magnetic field obtained from both proton and heteronuclear signal which is crucial for accurate and detailed imaging. Significance The successful development of this new dual-tuned RF coil technique would provide a tangible and efficient tool for ultrahigh field metabolic MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komlan Payne
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
| | - Yunkun Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
| | - Aditya Ashok Bhosale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
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18
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Parker MFL, López-Álvarez M, Alanizi AA, Luu JM, Polvoy I, Sorlin AM, Qin H, Lee S, Rabbitt SJ, Pichardo-González PA, Ordonez AA, Blecha J, Rosenberg OS, Flavell RR, Engel J, Jain SK, Ohliger MA, Wilson DM. Evaluating the Performance of Pathogen-Targeted Positron Emission Tomography Radiotracers in a Rat Model of Vertebral Discitis-Osteomyelitis. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:S281-S290. [PMID: 37788505 PMCID: PMC11009497 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vertebral discitis-osteomyelitis (VDO) is a devastating infection of the spine that is challenging to distinguish from noninfectious mimics using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. We and others have developed novel metabolism-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers for detecting living Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria in vivo, but their head-to-head performance in a well-validated VDO animal model has not been reported. METHODS We compared the performance of several PET radiotracers in a rat model of VDO. [11C]PABA and [18F]FDS were assessed for their ability to distinguish S aureus, the most common non-tuberculous pathogen VDO, from Escherichia coli. RESULTS In the rat S aureus VDO model, [11C]PABA could detect as few as 103 bacteria and exhibited the highest signal-to-background ratio, with a 20-fold increased signal in VDO compared to uninfected tissues. In a proof-of-concept experiment, detection of bacterial infection and discrimination between S aureus and E coli was possible using a combination of [11C]PABA and [18F]FDS. CONCLUSIONS Our work reveals that several bacteria-targeted PET radiotracers had sufficient signal to background in a rat model of S aureus VDO to be potentially clinically useful. [11C]PABA was the most promising tracer investigated and warrants further investigation in human VDO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F L Parker
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, New York
| | - Marina López-Álvarez
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Aryn A Alanizi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Justin M Luu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ilona Polvoy
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Alexandre M Sorlin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Hecong Qin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Sarah J Rabbitt
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Alvaro A Ordonez
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph Blecha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | | | - Robert R Flavell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Joanne Engel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
- UCSF Department of Microbiology and Immunology, San Francisco, California
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael A Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Radiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - David M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco
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Abstract
Recently developed molecular imaging approaches can be used to visualize specific host responses and pathology in a quest to image infections where few microbe-specific tracers have been developed and in recognition that host responses contribute to morbidity and mortality in their own right. Here we highlight several recent examples of these imaging approaches adapted for imaging infections. The early successes and new avenues described here encompass diverse imaging modalities and leverage diverse aspects of the host response to infection-including inflammation, tissue injury and healing, and key nutrients during host-pathogen interactions. Clearly, these approaches merit further preclinical and clinical study as they are complementary and orthogonal to the pathogen-focused imaging modalities currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Foss
- Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam R Renslo
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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20
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Chen X, Gallagher F, Sellmyer MA, Ordonez AA, Kjaer A, Ohliger M, Wilson DM, Jain SK. Visualizing Bacterial Infections With Novel Targeted Molecular Imaging Approaches. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:S249-S258. [PMID: 37788506 PMCID: PMC10547462 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although nearly a century has elapsed since the discovery of penicillin, bacterial infections remain a major global threat. Global antibiotic use resulted in an astounding 42 billion doses of antibiotics administered in 2015 with 128 billion annual doses expected by 2030. This overuse of antibiotics has led to the selection of multidrug-resistant "super-bugs," resulting in increasing numbers of patients being susceptible to life-threatening infections with few available therapeutic options. New clinical tools are therefore urgently needed to identify bacterial infections and monitor response to antibiotics, thereby limiting overuse of antibiotics and improving overall health. Next-generation molecular imaging affords unique opportunities to target and identify bacterial infections, enabling spatial characterization as well as noninvasive, temporal monitoring of the natural course of the disease and response to therapy. These emerging noninvasive imaging approaches could overcome several limitations of current tools in infectious disease, such as the need for biological samples for testing with their associated sampling bias. Imaging of living bacteria can also reveal basic biological insights about their behavior in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Chen
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ferdia Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Sellmyer
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alvaro A Ordonez
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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21
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Ordonez AA, Saupe F, Kasper CA, Turner ML, Parveen S, Flavahan K, Shin H, Artemov D, Ittig SJ, Jain SK. Imaging Tumor-Targeting Bacteria Using 18F-Fluorodeoxysorbitol Positron Emission Tomography. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:S291-S296. [PMID: 37788499 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial-based cancer treatments are an emerging field, with multiple bacterial species evaluated in animal models and some advancing to clinical trials. Noninvasive bacteria-specific imaging approaches can potentially support the development and clinical translation of bacteria-based cancer treatments by assessing the tumor and off-target bacterial colonization. METHODS 18F-Fluorodeoxysorbitol (18F-FDS) positron emission tomography (PET), a bacteria-specific imaging approach, was used to visualize an attenuated strain of Yersinia enterocolitica, currently in clinical trials as a microbial-based cancer treatment, in murine models of breast cancer. RESULTS Y. enterocolitica demonstrated excellent 18F-FDS uptake in in vitro assays. Whole-body 18F-FDS PET demonstrated a significantly higher PET signal in tumors with Y. enterocolitica colonization compared to those not colonized, in murine models utilizing direct intratumor or intravenous administration of bacteria, which were confirmed using ex vivo gamma counting. Conversely, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET signal was not different in Y. enterocolitica colonized versus uncolonized tumors. CONCLUSIONS Given that PET is widely used for the management of cancer patients, 18F-FDS PET could be utilized as a complementary approach supporting the development and clinical translation of Y. enterocolitica-based tumor-targeting bacterial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro A Ordonez
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Falk Saupe
- T3 Pharmaceuticals AG, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | | | - Mitchell L Turner
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sadiya Parveen
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelly Flavahan
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Shin
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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22
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Zhang G, Cullen Q, Berishaj M, Deh K, Kim N, Keshari KR. [6,6'- 2 H 2 ] fructose as a deuterium metabolic imaging probe in liver cancer. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4989. [PMID: 37336778 PMCID: PMC10585608 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Imaging plays a crucial role in the early detection of HCC, although current methods are limited in their ability to characterize liver lesions. Most recently, deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) has been demonstrated as a powerful technique for the imaging of metabolism in vivo. Here, we assess the metabolic flux of [6,6'-2 H2 ] fructose in cell cultures and in subcutaneous mouse models at 9.4 T. We compare these rates with the most widely used DMI probe, [6,6'-2 H2 ] glucose, exploring the possibility of developing 2 H fructose to overcome the limitations of glucose as a novel DMI probe for detecting liver tumors. Comparison of the in vitro metabolic rates implies their similar glycolytic metabolism in the TCA cycle due to comparable production rates of 2 H glutamate/glutamine (glx) for the two precursors, but overall higher glycolytic metabolism from 2 H glucose because of a higher production rate of 2 H lactate. In vivo kinetic studies suggest that HDO can serve as a robust reporter for the consumption of the precursors in liver tumors. As fructose is predominantly metabolized in the liver, deuterated water (HDO) produced from 2 H fructose is probably less contaminated from whole-body metabolism in comparison with glucose. Moreover, in studies of the normal liver, 2 H fructose is readily converted to 2 H glx, enabling the characterization of 2 H fructose kinetics. This overcomes a major limitation of previous 2 H glucose studies in the liver, which were unable to confidently discern metabolic flux due to overlapped signals of 2 H glucose and its metabolic product, 2 H glycogen. This suggests a unique role for 2 H fructose metabolism in HCC and the normal liver, making it a useful approach for assessing liver-related diseases and the progression to oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Marjan Berishaj
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kofi Deh
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nathaniel Kim
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kayvan R. Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA
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23
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Kleynhans J, Sathekge MM, Ebenhan T. Preclinical Research Highlighting Contemporary Targeting Mechanisms of Radiolabelled Compounds for PET Based Infection Imaging. Semin Nucl Med 2023; 53:630-643. [PMID: 37012169 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
It is important to constantly monitor developments in the preclinical imaging arena of infection. Firstly, novel radiopharmaceuticals with the correct characteristics must be identified to funnel into the clinic. Secondly, it must be evaluated if enough innovative research is being done and adequate resources are geared towards the development of radiopharmaceuticals that could feed into the Nuclear Medicine Clinic in the near future. It is proposed that the ideal infection imaging agent will involve PET combined with CT but more ideally MRI. The radiopharmaceuticals currently presented in preclinical literature have a wide selection of vectors and targets. Ionic formulations of PET-radionuclides such 64CuCl2 and 68GaCl2 are evaluated for bacterial infection imaging. Many small molecule based radiopharmaceuticals are being investigated with the most prominent targets being cell wall synthesis, maltodextrin transport (such as [18F]F-maltotriose), siderophores (bacterial and fungal infections), the folate synthesis pathway (such as [18F]F-PABA) and protein synthesis (radiolabelled puromycin). Mycobacterial specific antibiotics, antifungals and antiviral agents are also under investigation as infection imaging agents. Peptide based radiopharmaceuticals are developed for bacterial, fungal and viral infections. The radiopharmaceutical development could even react quickly enough on a pandemic to develop a SARS-CoV-2 imaging agent in a timely fashion ([64Cu]Cu-NOTA-EK1). New immuno-PET agents for the imaging of viruses have recently been published, specifically for HIV persistence but also for SARS-CoV2. A very promising antifungal immuno-PET agent (hJ5F) is also considered. Future technologies could include the application of aptamers and bacteriophages and even going as far as the design of theranostic infection. Another possibility would be the application of nanobodies for immuno-PET applications. Standardization and optimization of the preclinical evaluation of radiopharmaceuticals could enhance clinical translation and reduce time spent in pursuing less than optimal candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janke Kleynhans
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological sciences, Radiopharmaceutical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mike Machaba Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa; Preclinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Preclinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
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24
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Raje N, Anderson K, Einsele H, Efebera Y, Gay F, Hammond SP, Lesokhin AM, Lonial S, Ludwig H, Moreau P, Patel K, Ramasamy K, Mateos MV. Monitoring, prophylaxis, and treatment of infections in patients with MM receiving bispecific antibody therapy: consensus recommendations from an expert panel. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:116. [PMID: 37528088 PMCID: PMC10394080 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00879-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are emerging as an important novel class of immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), and are set to be more widely used in clinical practice. However, this new class of therapies is associated with a distinct adverse event (AE) profile that includes cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, as well as AEs leading to increased infection risk such as cytopenias and hypogammaglobulinemia, and infections themselves. As preliminary data with this class of agents shows an increased risk of infections as compared with conventional MM treatment regimens, such as immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), guidance on infection monitoring, prophylaxis and treatment is required. This review provides consensus recommendations from a panel of 13 global experts, following a meeting in August 2022. The meeting objective was to review existing literature and identify relevant information on infections with all BsAbs in patients with MM, as well as to discuss clinical experience of experts in managing these infections. The recommendations outlined here can be used to guide management of infection risk factors, such as hypogammaglobulinemia and neutropenia. In addition, they can be used to guide the monitoring, prophylaxis, and treatment of bacterial, viral and fungal infections, including emerging infections of interest, such as coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), and the use of vaccinations prior to and during BsAb treatment. The recommendations have been graded by the panel based on level of data available. Key recommendations include universal herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus prophylaxis, screening for hepatitis B virus reactivation risk in all patients, monthly intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for immunoparesis and in the absence of life-threatening infectious manifestations, use of colony-stimulating factors in patients with Grade 3 neutropenia, universal pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis and no routine anti-fungal prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Raje
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kenneth Anderson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Efebera
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplant, OhioHealth, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Francesca Gay
- Division of Hematology 1, Clinical trial Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Sarah P Hammond
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander M Lesokhin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Heinz Ludwig
- Wilhelminen Cancer Research Institute, Department of Medicine I, Center for Oncology, Hematology and Palliative Care, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Krina Patel
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karthik Ramasamy
- Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford University, NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL and Center for Cancer Research, Salamanca, Spain
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25
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Aguilera-Correa JJ, Salinas B, González-Arjona M, de Pablo D, Muñoz P, Bouza E, Fernández Aceñero MJ, Esteban J, Desco M, Cussó L. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessments in a Mouse Model of Implant-Related Bone and Joint Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0454022. [PMID: 37010409 PMCID: PMC10269916 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04540-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone, associated with an inflammatory process. Imaging plays an important role in establishing the diagnosis and the most appropriate patient management. However, data are lacking regarding the use of preclinical molecular imaging techniques to assess osteomyelitis progression in experimental models. This study aimed to compare structural and molecular imaging to assess disease progression in a mouse model of implant-related bone and joint infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. In SWISS mice, the right femur was implanted with a resorbable filament impregnated with S. aureus (infected group, n = 10) or sterile culture medium (uninfected group, n = 6). Eight animals (5 infected, 3 uninfected) were analyzed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1, 2, and 3 weeks postintervention, and 8 mice were analyzed with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) at 48 h and at 1, 2, and 3 weeks postintervention. In infected animals, CT showed bone lesion progression, mainly in the distal epiphysis, although some uninfected animals presented evident bone sequestra at 3 weeks. MRI showed a lesion in the articular area that persisted for 3 weeks in infected animals. This lesion was smaller and less evident in the uninfected group. At 48 h postintervention, FDG-PET showed higher joint uptake in the infected group than in the uninfected group (P = 0.025). Over time, the difference between groups increased. These results indicate that FDG-PET imaging was much more sensitive than MRI and CT for differentiating between infection and inflammation at early stages. FDG-PET clearly distinguished between infection and postsurgical bone healing (in uninfected animals) from 48 h to 3 weeks after implantation. IMPORTANCE Our results encourage future investigations on the utility of the model for testing different therapeutic procedures for osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Aguilera-Correa
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - B. Salinas
- Unidad de Medicina y Cirugía Experimenta, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Imagen Avanzada, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain
| | - M. González-Arjona
- Unidad de Medicina y Cirugía Experimenta, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Imagen Avanzada, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - D. de Pablo
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica HCSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Muñoz
- Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Bouza
- Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. J. Fernández Aceñero
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica HCSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Esteban
- CIBERINFEC-CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Microbiology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Desco
- Unidad de Medicina y Cirugía Experimenta, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Imagen Avanzada, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Cussó
- Unidad de Medicina y Cirugía Experimenta, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Imagen Avanzada, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain
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Garcia-Diez AI, Tomas Batlle X, Perissinotti A, Isern-Kebschull J, Del Amo M, Soler JC, Bartolome A, Bencardino JT. Imaging of the Diabetic Foot. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2023; 27:314-326. [PMID: 37230131 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot complications are increasingly prevalent in the world, leading to significant morbidity and driving up associated health care costs. Complex pathophysiology and suboptimal specificity of current imaging modalities have made diagnosis challenging, mainly in the evaluation of superimposed foot infection to underlying arthropathy or other marrow lesions. Recent advances in radiology and nuclear medicine have the potential to streamline the assessment of diabetic foot complications. But we must be aware of the specific strengths and weaknesses of each modality, and their applications. This review offers a comprehensive approach to the spectrum of diabetic foot complications and their imaging appearances in conventional and advanced imaging studies, including optimal technical considerations for each technique. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are highlighted, illustrating their complementary role to conventional MRI, in particular their potential impact in avoiding additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jenny Teresa Bencardino
- Division of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Abstract
Bacterial infections are a major threat to human health. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infections is essential for early interventions and rational use of antibiotic treatments. However, antibiotics are often initiated empirically while diagnostic tests are being performed. Moreover, traditional diagnostic tools, namely microscopy, microbiology and molecular techniques, are dependent upon sampling suspected sites of infection, and then performing tests. This approach is often invasive, labor intensive, time consuming, and subject to the uncertainties of incorrect sampling and contamination. There are currently no imaging approaches for the specific detection of bacterial infections. Therefore, there is a need for new noninvasive approaches to detect, localize and monitor bacterial infections with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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Marjanovic-Painter B, Kleynhans J, Zeevaart JR, Rohwer E, Ebenhan T. A decade of ubiquicidin development for PET imaging of infection: A systematic review. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 116-117:108307. [PMID: 36435145 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ubiquicidin is a peptide fragment with selective binding to negatively charged bacterial cell membranes. Besides its earlier labelling with gamma emitting radionuclides, it has been labelled with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radionuclides in the last decade for imaging infection and distinguishing infectious disease from sterile inflammation. This systematic review aims to evaluate the technology readiness level of PET based ubiquicidin radiopharmaceuticals. METHODS Two independent researchers reviewed all articles and abstracts pertaining ubiquicidin and PET imaging that are currently available. Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed/Medline were used in the search. Upon completion of the literature search all articles and abstracts were evaluated and duplicates were excluded. All non-PET articles as well as review articles without new data were deemed ineligible. RESULTS From a total of 17 papers and 10 abstracts the studies were grouped into development, preclinical and clinical studies. Development was published in 15/17 (88%) publications and 6/10 (60%) abstracts, preclinical applications in 9/17 (53%) publications and 1/10 (10%) of abstracts. Finally, clinical studies made up 6/17 (35%) of full publications and 4/10 (40%) of the available abstracts. Development results were the most abundant. All the findings in the different areas of development of ubiquicidin as PET radiopharmaceutical are summarized in this paper. CONCLUSION Labelling procedures are generally uncomplicated and relatively fast and there are indications of adequate product stability. The production of PET radiopharmaceuticals based on UBI will therefore not be a barrier for clinical introduction of this technology. Systematization and unification of criteria for preclinical imaging and larger clinical trials are needed to ensure the translation of this radiopharmaceutical into the clinic. Therefore a conclusion with regards to the clinical relevance of ubiquicidin based PET is not yet possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janke Kleynhans
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Radiochemistry, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, South Africa; Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Egmont Rohwer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Radiochemistry, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, South Africa; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa.
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Zhang Y, Hao M, Li L, Luo Q, Deng S, Yang Y, Liu Y, Fang W, Song E. Research progress of contrast agents for bacterial infection imaging in vivo. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gouws AC, Kruger HG, Gheysens O, Zeevaart JR, Govender T, Naicker T, Ebenhan T. Antibiotic-Derived Radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography: Nuclear or "Unclear" Infection Imaging? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204955. [PMID: 35834311 PMCID: PMC9826354 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The excellent features of non-invasive molecular imaging, its progressive technology (real-time, whole-body imaging and quantification), and global impact by a growing infrastructure for positron emission tomography (PET) scanners are encouraging prospects to investigate new concepts, which could transform clinical care of complex infectious diseases. Researchers are aiming towards the extension beyond the routinely available radiopharmaceuticals and are looking for more effective tools that interact directly with causative pathogens. We reviewed and critically evaluated (challenges or pitfalls) antibiotic-derived PET radiopharmaceutical development efforts aimed at infection imaging. We considered both radiotracer development for infection imaging and radio-antibiotic PET imaging supplementing other tools for pharmacologic drug characterization; overall, a total of 20 original PET radiotracers derived from eleven approved antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Christiaan Gouws
- Catalysis and Peptide Research UnitUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban4000South Africa
| | | | - Olivier Gheysens
- Department of Nuclear MedicineCliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, and Institute of Clinical and Experimental ResearchUniversité Catholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPCPretoria0001South Africa
- RadiochemistryThe South African Nuclear Energy CorporationBrits0420South Africa
- Preclinical Drug Development PlatformNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa
| | | | - Tricia Naicker
- Catalysis and Peptide Research UnitUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban4000South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPCPretoria0001South Africa
- Preclinical Drug Development PlatformNorth West UniversityPotchefstroom2520South Africa
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoria0001South Africa
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Bhatt Mitra J, Chatterjee S, Kumar A, Bandyopadhyay A, Mukherjee A. Integrating a covalent probe with ubiquicidin fragment enables effective bacterial infection imaging. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:1239-1245. [PMID: 36325398 PMCID: PMC9579938 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00190j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing potent and novel bacterial imaging agents remains formidable due to the rapid development of bacterial resistance. Ubiquicidin and its derivatives are the most studied antimicrobial peptides that bind to anionic membranes of a broad range of bacterial pathogens. Studies reveal that UBI (29-41) labeled with 99mTc and 68Ga could distinguish sterile inflammation from infection. A significant challenge that remains for cationic peptides is their poor salt tolerance. The present study deliberates the increment of UBI (29-41) peptide interaction with the bacterial membrane by incorporating 2-acetylphenylboronic acid (2-APBA) as a covalent probe and developing infection imaging probes with improved retention at the target. Given that both 99mTc-UBI (29-41) and 99mTc-UBI (29-41)-2-APBA peptide complexes are stable in serum over 16 h, 99mTc-UBI (29-41)-2-APBA shows enhanced uptake in S. aureus cells as compared to 99mTc-UBI (29-41). SPECT imaging in a mouse model of infection exhibited a higher target to non-target ratio after 2 h in the case of 99mTc-UBI (29-41)-2-APBA. The present study reveals a synergistic mechanism of target binding through covalent conjugation and non-covalent interaction, which could be a potential strategy for improving bacterial infection imaging. As a proof of concept, 99mTc-UBI (29-41)-2-APBA elicits our hypothesis by in vivo imaging of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna Bhatt Mitra
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai-400094 India
| | - Saurav Chatterjee
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Mumbai 400085 India
| | - Anupam Bandyopadhyay
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar Punjab 140001 India
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) Mumbai 400085 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai-400094 India
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Polvoy I, Seo Y, Parker M, Stewart M, Siddiqua K, Manacsa HS, Ravanfar V, Blecha J, Hope TA, Vanbrocklin H, Flavell RR, Barry J, Hansen E, Villanueva-Meyer JE, Engel J, Rosenberg OS, Wilson DM, Ohliger MA. Imaging joint infections using D-methyl- 11C-methionine PET/MRI: initial experience in humans. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:3761-3771. [PMID: 35732972 PMCID: PMC9399217 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-invasive imaging is a key clinical tool for detection and treatment monitoring of infections. Existing clinical imaging techniques are frequently unable to distinguish infection from tumors or sterile inflammation. This challenge is well-illustrated by prosthetic joint infections that often complicate joint replacements. D-methyl-11C-methionine (D-11C-Met) is a new bacteria-specific PET radiotracer, based on an amino acid D-enantiomer, that is rapidly incorporated into the bacterial cell wall. In this manuscript, we describe the biodistribution, radiation dosimetry, and initial human experience using D-11C-Met in patients with suspected prosthetic joint infections. METHODS 614.5 ± 100.2 MBq of D-11C-Met was synthesized using an automated in-loop radiosynthesis method and administered to six healthy volunteers and five patients with suspected prosthetic joint infection, who were studied by PET/MRI. Time-activity curves were used to calculate residence times for each source organ. Absorbed doses to each organ and body effective doses were calculated using OLINDA/EXM 1.1 with both ICRP 60 and ICRP 103 tissue weighting factors. SUVmax and SUVpeak were calculated for volumes of interest (VOIs) in joints with suspected infection, the unaffected contralateral joint, blood pool, and soft tissue background. A two-tissue compartment model was used for kinetic modeling. RESULTS D-11C-Met was well tolerated in all subjects. The tracer showed clearance from both urinary (rapid) and hepatobiliary (slow) pathways as well as low effective doses. Moreover, minimal background was observed in both organs with resident micro-flora and target organs, such as the spine and musculoskeletal system. Additionally, D-11C-Met showed increased focal uptake in areas of suspected infection, demonstrated by a significantly higher SUVmax and SUVpeak calculated from VOIs of joints with suspected infections compared to the contralateral joints, blood pool, and background (P < 0.01). Furthermore, higher distribution volume and binding potential were observed in suspected infections compared to the unaffected joints. CONCLUSION D-11C-Met has a favorable radiation profile, minimal background uptake, and fast urinary extraction. Furthermore, D-11C-Met showed increased uptake in areas of suspected infection, making this a promising approach. Validation in larger clinical trials with a rigorous gold standard is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Polvoy
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Matthew Parker
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Megan Stewart
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Khadija Siddiqua
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Harrison S. Manacsa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Vahid Ravanfar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Joseph Blecha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Thomas A. Hope
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Henry Vanbrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Jeffrey Barry
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Erik Hansen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Javier E. Villanueva-Meyer
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - Joanne Engel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Oren S. Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 505 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Michael A. Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry Street, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
- Department of Radiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1001 Potrero Ave. 1x55D, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
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Gouws AC, Kruger HG, Gheysens O, Zeevaart JR, Govender T, Naiker T, Ebenhan T. Antibiotic‐Derived Radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography: Nuclear or ‘Unclear’ Infection Imaging? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arno Christiaan Gouws
- University of KwaZulu-Natal School of Health Sciences Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Hendrik Gerhardus Kruger
- University of KwaZulu-Natal School of Health Sciences Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Olivier Gheysens
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Department of Nuclear Medicine BELGIUM
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- North-West University Potchefstroom Campus: North-West University Preclinical Drug Development Platform SOUTH AFRICA
| | | | - Tricia Naiker
- University of KwaZulu-Natal School of Health Sciences Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- University of Pretoria Nuclear Medicine Steve Biko and Malherbe St 0001 Pretoria SOUTH AFRICA
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Hwang M, Haddad S, Tierradentro-Garcia LO, Alves CA, Taylor GA, Darge K. Current understanding and future potential applications of cerebral microvascular imaging in infants. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20211051. [PMID: 35143338 PMCID: PMC10993979 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20211051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular imaging is an advanced Doppler ultrasound technique that detects slow flow in microvessels by suppressing clutter signal and motion-related artifacts. The technique has been applied in several conditions to assess organ perfusion and lesion characteristics. In this pictorial review, we aim to describe current knowledge of the technique, particularly its diagnostic utility in the infant brain, and expand on the unexplored but promising clinical applications of microvascular imaging in the brain with case illustrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, USA
| | - Sophie Haddad
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
USA
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Alves
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
USA
| | - George A. Taylor
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s
Hospital, Boston,
USA
| | - Kassa Darge
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia, Philadelphia,
USA
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine,
University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, USA
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MicroPET imaging of bacterial infection with nitroreductase-specific responsive 18F-labelled nitrogen mustard analogues. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:2645-2654. [PMID: 35122512 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance are serious threats to human health. This study aimed to develop two novel radiotracers, 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP, that possess a specific nitroreductase (NTR) response to image deep-seated bacterial infections using positron emission tomography (PET). This method can distinguish infection from sterile inflammation. METHODS 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP were synthesized via a one-step method; all the steps usually involved in tracer radiosynthesis were successfully adapted in the All-In-One automated module. After the physiochemical properties of 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP were characterized, their specificity and selectivity for NTR were verified in E. coli and S. aureus. The ex vivo biodistribution of the tracers was evaluated in normal mice. MicroPET-CT imaging was performed in mouse models of bacterial infection and inflammation after the administration of 18F-NTRP or 18F-NCRP. RESULTS Fully automated radiosynthesis of 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP was achieved within 90-110 min with overall decay-uncorrected, isolated radiochemical yields of 21.24 ± 4.25% and 11.3 ± 3.78%, respectively. The molar activities of 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP were 320 ± 40 GBq/μmol and 275 ± 33 GBq/µmol, respectively. In addition, 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP exhibited high selectivity and specificity for NTR response. PET-CT imaging in bacteria-infected mouse models with 18F-NTRP or 18F-NCRP showed significant radioactivity uptake in either E. coli- or S. aureus-infected muscles. The uptake for E. coli-infected muscles, 2.4 ± 0.2%ID/g with 18F-NTRP and 4.05 ± 0.49%ID/g with 18F-NCRP, was up to three times greater than that for uninfected control muscles. Furthermore, for both 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP, the uptake in bacterial infection was 2.6 times higher than that in sterile inflammation, allowing an effective distinction of infection from inflammation. CONCLUSION 18F-NTRP and 18F-NCRP are worth further investigation to verify their potential clinical application for distinguishing bacterial infection from sterile inflammation via their specific NTR responsiveness.
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Fisher RE, Drews AL, Palmer EL. Lack of Clinical Utility of Labeled White Blood Cell Scintigraphy in Patients with Fever of Unknown Origin. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac015. [PMID: 35146051 PMCID: PMC8825748 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Labeled white blood cell scintigraphy (WBCS) has been used for over 40 years to localize an infection source in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO). It continues to be in widespread use for such patients in modern times, despite the tremendous advances in modern radiological imaging and laboratory medicine. Methods We critically evaluated the clinical contribution of WBCS performed in 132 patients with FUO at 7 hospitals from mid-2015 to the end of 2019. For each patient, all radiographic and laboratory results and all electronic clinical notes were carefully evaluated as many days before and after the scan as necessary to arrive at a final diagnosis. Results Although 50 WBCS (38%) showed positive findings, the majority of these were false positive (FP). Of the 19 true-positive (TP) scans, most were already known or about to become known by tests already ordered at the time of the scan. Only 2 TP scans (1.5%) contributed to the final diagnosis, and these did so only indirectly. FP scans led to 7 unnecessary procedures. Conclusions In FUO patients for whom an infection source is not discovered following an appropriate radiographic and laboratory workup, WBCS is not a useful procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald E Fisher
- Dept of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Dept of Radiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, USA
| | - Ashley L Drews
- Dept of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease, Houston Methodist Hospital, USA
- Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Edwin L Palmer
- Dept of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Wang Z, Xing B. Small-molecule fluorescent probes: big future for specific bacterial labeling and infection detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:155-170. [PMID: 34882159 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05531c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections remain a global healthcare problem that is particularly attributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance and the evolving pathogenicity. Accurate and swift approaches for infection diagnosis are urgently needed to facilitate antibiotic stewardship and effective medical treatment. Direct optical imaging for specific bacterial labeling and infection detection offers an attractive prospect of precisely monitoring the infectious disease status and therapeutic response in real time. This feature article focuses on the recent advances of small-molecule probes developed for fluorescent imaging of bacteria and infection, which covers the probe design, responsive mechanisms and representative applications. In addition, the perspective and challenges to advance small-molecule fluorescent probes in the field of rapid drug-resistant bacterial detection and clinical diagnosis of bacterial infections are discussed. We envision that the continuous advancement and clinical translations of such a technique will have a strong impact on future anti-infective medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Bengang Xing
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore. .,School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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El-Kawy OA, Abdelaziz G, Abdel-Razek AS. Radiolabeling, characterization and preclinical evaluation of plazomicin: a potential tracer for bacterial infection. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:688-702. [PMID: 34923759 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 99m Tc-plazomicin, a new radio-antibiotic complex, was prepared specifically for bacterial infection localization and monitoring. Factors affecting the labeling reaction were studied and optimized to obtain a high yield (98.8 ± 0.2%). In-silico, radiochemical and physicochemical characterization and biodistribution were performed to assess the complex aptness as a radiopharmaceutical. The complex was biologically evaluated in-vitro using bacteria and in-vivo using different inflammation models (sterile, bacterial, and fungal). Uptake in the bacterial model was highest (7.8 ± 0.3%). Results indicated that the technetium label did not alter the antibiotic biological behavior and backed the usefulness of 99m Tc-plazomicin as a potential tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A El-Kawy
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - G Abdelaziz
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
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Mota F, De Jesus P, Jain SK. Kit-based synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-[ 18F]-fluoro-D-sorbitol for bacterial imaging. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:5274-5286. [PMID: 34686858 PMCID: PMC8611807 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Clinically available imaging tools for diagnosing infections rely on structural changes in the affected tissues. They therefore lack specificity and cannot differentiate between oncologic, inflammatory and infectious processes. We have developed 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-sorbitol (18F-FDS) as an imaging agent to visualize infections caused by Enterobacterales, which represent the largest group of bacterial pathogens in humans and are responsible for severe infections, often resulting in sepsis or death. A clinical study in 26 prospectively enrolled patients demonstrated that 18F-FDS positron emission tomography (PET) was safe, and could detect and localize infections due to drug-susceptible or multi-drug-resistant Enterobacterales strains as well as differentiate them from other pathologies (sterile inflammation or cancer). 18F-FDS is cleared almost exclusively through renal filtration and has also shown potential as a PET agent for functional renal imaging. Since most PET radionuclides have a short half-life, maximal clinical impact will require fast, on-demand synthesis with limited infrastructure and personnel. To meet this demand, we developed a kit-based solid phase method that uses commercially and widely available 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose as the precursor and allows 18F-FDS to be produced and purified in one step at room temperature. The 18F-FDS kit consists of a solid-phase extraction cartridge packed with solid supported borohydride (MP-borohydride), which can be attached to a second cartridge to reduce pH. We evaluated the effects of different solid supported borohydride reagents, cartridge size, starting radioactivity, volumes and flow rates in the radiochemical yield and purity. The optimized protocol can be completed in <30 min and allows the synthesis of 18F-FDS in >70% radiochemical yield and >90% radiochemical purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mota
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia De Jesus
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Huang X, Li T, Zhang X, Deng J, Yin X. Bimetallic palladium@copper nanoparticles: Lethal effect on the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112392. [PMID: 34579911 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Infections by the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa are on the rise, and its antibiotic resistance is a tough challenge for clinical therapeutics worldwide. Therefore, it is an urgent to find alternative antibiotics that possess preferable bactericidal efficiency and are safer than silver (Ag) nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Here, we synthesized small palladium@copper (Pd1.9Cu) alloy NPs with preferable antibacterial functions. We also used a bacteria-infected skin wound mouse model to confirm the sterilization effect of Pd1.9Cu NPs. Pd1.9Cu NPs killed P. aeruginosa at a low concentration, displaying a more powerful bactericidal effect than Ag NPs in vitro. In addition, Pd1.9Cu NPs broke through the bacterial membrane, leading to DNA fragmentation and leakage of genomic DNA and proteins. The underlying mechanism was to trigger the burst of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and accelerated ion release (Cu and Pd). Pd1.9Cu NPs were also more capable of disinfection than Ag NPs and ceftazidime in vivo, promoting speedy wound recovery. Simultaneously, the biocompatibility of Pd1.9Cu NPs was satisfactory both in vitro and in vivo. These results show that Pd1.9Cu NPs are a promising nanomedicine to treat P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Huang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038 Chongqing, China.
| | - Xuntao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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41
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Polvoy I, Qin H, Flavell RR, Gordon J, Viswanath P, Sriram R, Ohliger MA, Wilson DM. Deuterium Metabolic Imaging-Rediscovery of a Spectroscopic Tool. Metabolites 2021; 11:570. [PMID: 34564385 PMCID: PMC8470013 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for metabolism-specific imaging techniques has rekindled interest in Deuterium (2H) Metabolic Imaging (DMI), a robust method based on administration of a substrate (glucose, acetate, fumarate, etc.) labeled with the stable isotope of hydrogen and the observation of its metabolic fate in three-dimensions. This technique allows the investigation of multiple metabolic processes in both healthy and diseased states. Despite its low natural abundance, the short relaxation time of deuterium allows for rapid radiofrequency (RF) pulses without saturation and efficient image acquisition. In this review, we provide a comprehensive picture of the evolution of DMI over the course of recent decades, with a special focus on its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Polvoy
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Hecong Qin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Jeremy Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Pavithra Viswanath
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Michael A. Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Radiology, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 185 Berry St., San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; (I.P.); (H.Q.); (R.R.F.); (J.G.); (P.V.); (R.S.); (M.A.O.)
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Wang X, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Han X, Xu S, Yin D, Hu HY. Developing fluoromodule-based probes for in vivo monitoring the bacterial infections and antibiotic responses. Talanta 2021; 233:122610. [PMID: 34215094 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently, antibiotic resistant has become a serious public health concern, which warrants new generations of antibiotics to be developed. Pharmacodynamic evaluation is crucial in drug discovery processes. Despite numerous advanced imaging systems are available nowadays, technologies for the sensitive in vivo diagnosis of bacterial infections and direct visualization of drug efficacy are yet to be developed. In this study, we have developed novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorogenic probes. These probes are dark in solution but highly fluorescent when bound to the cognate reporter, fluorogen-activating protein (FAP). We established the in vivo bacterial infection model using FAP_dH6.2 recombinantly expressed E. coli and applied this NIR fluoromodule-based system for diagnosing bacterial infections and monitoring disease progressions and its responses to a type of antibiotics through classic mechanism of membrane lysis. This NIR fluoromodule-based system will discover new information on bacterial infections and identify newer antibacterial entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qingyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaowan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shengnan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Dali Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hai-Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Xu C, Li Z, Akakuru OU, Pan C, Zou R, Zheng J, Wu A. Maltodextrin-Conjugated Gd-Based MRI Contrast Agents for Specific Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3762-3772. [PMID: 35006806 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are one of the most serious health risks worldwide, and their rapid diagnosis remains a major challenge in clinic. To enhance the relaxivity and bacterial specificity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, here, a kind of gadolinium-based nanoparticles (NPs) of impressive biocompatibility is constructed as a contrast agent for maltodextrin-mediated bacteria-targeted diagnosis. To realize this, positively charged ultrasmall gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3, 2-3 nm) NPs are embedded in mesoporous silica NPs (MSN) with pore size around 6.38 nm. The resulting Gd2O3@MSN exhibits enhanced r1 value and T1-weighted MRI performance. Interestingly, upon conjugation of Gd2O3@MSN with maltodextrin to produce Gd2O3@MSN-Malt NPs, a remarkable decrease in internalization by osteosarcoma cells, alongside an increased adsorption toward E. coli and S. aureus, is achieved. It is therefore conceivable that the bacteria-targeted Gd2O3@MSN-Malt might be a promising MRI contrast agent for effective discrimination of bacterial infections from tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China.,Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, People's Republic of China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihou Li
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshu Pan
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, People's Republic of China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifen Zou
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zheng
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, People's Republic of China
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44
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Henrich TJ, Jones T, Beckford-Vera D, Price PM, VanBrocklin HF. Total-Body PET Imaging in Infectious Diseases. PET Clin 2020; 16:89-97. [PMID: 33160926 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Total-body PET enables high-sensitivity imaging with dramatically improved signal-to-noise ratio. These enhanced performance characteristics allow for decreased PET scanning times acquiring data "total-body wide" and can be leveraged to decrease the amount of radiotracer required, thereby permitting more frequent imaging or longer imaging periods during radiotracer decay. Novel approaches to PET imaging of infectious diseases are emerging, including those that directly visualize pathogens in vivo and characterize concomitant immune responses and inflammation. Efforts to develop these imaging approaches are hampered by challenges of traditional imaging platforms, which may be overcome by novel total-body PET strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Henrich
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Building 3, Room 525A, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
| | - Terry Jones
- Department of Radiology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Denis Beckford-Vera
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Henry F VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Ugbolue UC, Duclos M, Urzeala C, Berthon M, Kulik K, Bota A, Thivel D, Bagheri R, Gu Y, Baker JS, Andant N, Pereira B, Rouffiac K, Clinchamps M, Dutheil F. An Assessment of the Novel COVISTRESS Questionnaire: COVID-19 Impact on Physical Activity, Sedentary Action and Psychological Emotion. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3352. [PMID: 33086648 PMCID: PMC7603364 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has triggered an economic downturn and a rise in unemployment. As a result, global communities have had to face physical, health, psychological and socio-economical related stressors. The purpose of this study was to assess and report the impact of isolation and effect of coronavirus on selected psychological correlates associated with emotions. Following ethical approval, a mixed methods observational study was conducted using the validated COVISTRESS questionnaire. Two observational study scenarios were evaluated namely "Prior" to the COVID-19 outbreak and "Currently", i.e., during the COVID-19 pandemic. 10,121 participants from 67 countries completed the COVISTRESS questionnaire. From the questionnaire responses only questions that covered the participant's occupation; sociodemographic details, isolation and impact of coronavirus were selected. Further analyses were performed on output measures that included leisure time, physical activity, sedentary time and emotions. All output measures were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with an intensity ranging from 0-100. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman correlational analysis were applied to the leisure time, physical activity, sedentary time and emotional feeling datasets; p = 0.05 was set as the significance level. Both males and females displayed similar output measures. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed significant differences with respect to "Prior" COVID-19 and "Currently" for sedentary activity (Z = -40.462, p < 0.001), physical activity (Z = -30.751, p < 0.001) and all other emotional feeling output measures. A moderate correlation between "Prior" COVID-19 and "Currently" was observed among the Males (r = 0.720) in comparison to the Females (r = 0.639) for sedentary activity while weaker correlations (r < 0.253) were observed for physical activity and emotional feeling measurements, respectively. Our study reported incremental differences in the physical and psychological output measures reported, i.e., "Prior" COVID-19 and "Currently". "Prior" COVID-19 and "Currently" participants increased their sedentary habits by 2.98%, and the level of physical activity reduced by 2.42%, depression levels increased by 21.62%, anxiety levels increased by 16.71%, and stress levels increased by 21.8%. There were no correlations (r) between leisure, physical activity and sedentary action (i.e., "Prior" = -0.071; "Currently" = -0.097); no correlations (r) between leisure physical activity and emotion (i.e., -0.071 > r > 0.081) for "Prior"; and poor correlations (r) between leisure, physical activity and sedentary action (i.e., -0.078 > r > 0.167) for "Current". The correlations (r) between sedentary action and emotion for "Prior" and "Currently" were (-0.100 > r > 0.075) and (-0.040 > r > 0.041) respectively. The findings presented here indicate that the COVISTRESS project has created awareness in relation to the physical and psychological impact resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings have also highlighted individual distress caused by COVID-19 and associated health consequences for the global community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.B.)
- Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, South Lanarkshire G72 0LH, Scotland, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G11XQ, UK
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Constanta Urzeala
- Sports and Motor Performance Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mickael Berthon
- LaPSCo, Catech, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Keri Kulik
- Health and Physical Education Program, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Bloomington, IN 47405-1006, USA;
| | - Aura Bota
- Department of Teaching Staff Training, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports, 060057 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, 8174673441 Isfahan, Iran;
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.B.)
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nicolas Andant
- Biostatistics Unit, DRCI, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.A.); (B.P.)
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, DRCI, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.A.); (B.P.)
| | - Karine Rouffiac
- Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Maëlys Clinchamps
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, LaPSCo, CNRS, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, LaPSCo, CNRS, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.C.); (F.D.)
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