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Feng T, Wang L, Lei T, Wu B, Wu L, Wang J, Sun W, Li F, Li J, Ma H. A natural glutathione S-transferase gene GSTU23 confers metabolic resistance to metamifop in Echinochloa crus-galli. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134078. [PMID: 39038575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Herbicides are essential for farmers to control weed. However, prolonged use of herbicides has caused the development of herbicide resistance in weeds. Here, the resistant Echinochloa crus-galli (RL5) was obtained by continuous treatment with metamifop for five generations in paddy fields. RL5 plants showed a 13.7-fold higher resistance to metamifop compared to susceptible E. crus-galli (SL5) plants. Pre-treatment with GST inhibitor (NBD-Cl) significantly increased the susceptibility of RL5 plants to metamifop. Faster metamifop metabolism and higher GST activity in RL5 plants than in SL5 plants were also confirmed, highlighting the role of GST in metabolic resistance. RNA-Seq analysis identified EcGSTU23 as a candidate gene, and this gene was up-regulated in RL5 and field-resistant E. crus-galli plants. Furthermore, the EcGSTU23 gene was overexpressed in the transgenic EcGSTU23-Maize, and the EcGSTU23-Maize showed resistance to metamifop. In vitro metabolic studies also revealed that the purified EcGSTU23 displayed catalytic activity in glutathione (GSH) conjugation, and metamifop was rapidly metabolized in the co-incubation system containing EcGSTU23 protein. These results provide direct experimental evidence of EcGSTU23's involvement in the metabolic resistance of E. crus-galli to metamifop. Understanding the resistance mechanism can help in devising effective strategies to combat herbicide resistance and breeding of genetically modified herbicide resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangqi Feng
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Tianhong Lei
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Biao Wu
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Wu
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Fengfeng Li
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hongju Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
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Singh LK, Kumar A, Siddiqi NJ, Sharma B. Heavy metals altered the xenobiotic metabolism of rats by targeting the GST enzyme: An in vitro and in silico study. Toxicology 2024; 509:153946. [PMID: 39270966 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Among all the heavy metals, Pb, Cd, and As are the most harmful pollutants in the environment. They reach into the organisms via various levels of food chains i.e. air and water. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST, E.C. 2.5.1.18), a key enzyme of xenobiotics metabolism, plays an important role in the removal of several toxicants. The present study aimed to evaluate any inhibitory action of these heavy metals on the GST enzyme isolated from the hepatic tissues of rats. A 10 % (w/v) homogenate of rat liver was prepared in cold and centrifuged at 4 °C at 9000xg for 30 min. The supernatant was collected and kept frozen at -20 °C or used fresh for carrying out different experiments. The activity of GST was monitored spectrophotometrically at 340 nm using 220 μg of soluble protein with varying equal substrate concentrations (0.125-2 mM) in phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 6.5). To assess the impact of heavy metals on the enzyme activity, different concentrations of Cd (0-0.6 mM) and Pb (0-2 mM) were added to the reaction mixture followed by monitoring the residual activity. The optimum temperature and pH of rat liver GST were found to be 37 °C and 6.5, respectively. The Km value for GST was 0.69 mM and the Vmax was found to be 78.67 U/mg. The Cd and Pb significantly altered the kinetic behaviour of the enzyme. The Vmax and Kcat/Km parameters of GST were recorded to be decreased after interaction with Cd and Pb individually and showed a mixed type of inhibition pattern suggesting that these inhibitors may have a greater binding affinity either for the free enzyme or the substrate-enzyme complex. These metals showed a time-dependent enzyme inhibition profile. Cd was found to be the most potent inhibitor when compared to other treated metals; the order of inhibitory effect of metal ions was Cd>Pb>As. The in silico ion docking analysis for determining the probable interactions of Cd and Pb with fragmented GST validated that Cd exhibited higher inhibition potential for the enzyme as compared to Pb. The results of the present study indicated that exposure of both the Cd and Pb may cause significant inhibition of hepatic GST; the former with higher inhibitory potential than the later. However, As proved to be least effective against the enzyme under the aforesaid experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Nikhat Jamal Siddiqi
- Department of Internal Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India.
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Guo R, Li S, Gao YQ, He JT, Wang HY, Chen J, Huang J, Shen RF, Zhu XF. A novel OsGST gene encoding 9glutathione reductase negatively regulates cadmium accumulation in rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135126. [PMID: 38991642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulates in rice and then moves up the food chain, causing serious health problems for humans. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) binds exogenous hazardous compounds to glutathione (GSH), which performs a variety of roles in plant responses to Cd stress. Here, Cd stimulated the transcripts of a novel OsGST gene, and the OsGST protein, which was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm, was also induced by Cd. In OsGST deletion mutant lines generated by CRISPR/Cas9, more Cd was accumulated, and Cd hypersensitive phenotypes were observed, while transgenic lines overexpressing OsGST exhibited enhanced Cd tolerance and less Cd accumulation. Further analysis indicated that the osgst mutants exhibited considerably greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) and higher GSH level, and the antioxidant activity associated genes' expression were down-regulated, imply that OsGST controlled rice Cd accumulation and resistance through preserving the equilibrium of the GSH and redox in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Su Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yong Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jia Tong He
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hao Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Soil and Fertilizer and Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China; Jinggangshan Institute of Red Soil, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343016, China
| | - Jiu Huang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Ma T, Ma L, Wei R, Xu L, Ma Y, Chen Z, Dang J, Ma S, Li S. Physiology, Biochemistry, and Transcriptomics Jointly Reveal the Phytotoxicity Mechanism of Acetochlor on Pisum sativum L. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:2005-2019. [PMID: 38988284 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Acetochlor, as a commonly used pre-emergent herbicide, can be toxic to crops and affect production if used improperly. However, the toxic mechanism of acetochlor on plants is not fully understood. The present study used a combination of transcriptomic analysis and physiological measurements to investigate the effects of short-term (15-day) exposure to different concentrations of acetochlor (1, 10, 20 mg/kg) on the morphology, physiology, and transcriptional levels of pea seedlings, aiming to elucidate the toxic response and resistance mechanisms in pea seedlings under herbicide stress. The results showed that the toxicity of acetochlor to pea seedlings was dose-dependent, manifested as dwarfing and stem base browning with increasing concentrations, especially at 10 mg/kg and above. Analysis of the antioxidant system showed that from the 1 mg/kg treatment, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase in peas increased with increasing concentrations of acetochlor, indicating oxidative damage. Analysis of the glutathione (GSH) metabolism system showed that under 10 mg/kg treatment, the GSH content of pea plants significantly increased, and GSH transferase activity and gene expression were significantly induced, indicating a detoxification response in plants. Transcriptomic analysis showed that after acetochlor treatment, differentially expressed genes in peas were significantly enriched in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway, and the levels of key metabolites (flavonoids and lignin) were increased. In addition, we found that acetochlor-induced dwarfing of pea seedlings may be related to gibberellin signal transduction. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2005-2019. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ma
- Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantong Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Dang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoying Ma
- Laboratory and Practice Base Management Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Di T, Wu Y, Feng X, He M, Lei L, Wang J, Li N, Hao X, Whelan J, Wang X, Wang L. CIPK11 phosphorylates GSTU23 to promote cold tolerance in Camellia sinensis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39087790 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress negatively impacts the growth, development, and quality of Camellia sinensis (Cs, tea) plants. CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPK) comprise a pivotal protein family involved in plant development and response to multiple environmental stimuli. However, their roles and regulatory mechanisms in tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) remain unknown. Here we show that CsCBL-interacting protein kinase 11 (CsCIPK11), whose transcript abundance was significantly induced at low temperatures, interacts and phosphorylates tau class glutathione S-transferase 23 (CsGSTU23). CsGSTU23 was also a cold-inducible gene and has significantly higher transcript abundance in cold-resistant accessions than in cold-susceptible accessions. CsCIPK11 phosphorylated CsGSTU23 at Ser37, enhancing its stability and enzymatic activity. Overexpression of CsCIPK11 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in enhanced cold tolerance under freezing conditions, while transient knockdown of CsCIPK11 expression in tea plants had the opposite effect, resulting in decreased cold tolerance and suppression of the C-repeat-binding transcription factor (CBF) transcriptional pathway under freezing stress. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of CsGSTU23 in tea plants increased cold tolerance. These findings demonstrate that CsCIPK11 plays a central role in the signaling pathway to cold signals and modulates antioxidant capacity by phosphorylating CsGSTU23, leading to improved cold tolerance in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimei Di
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yedie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingming He
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nana Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - James Whelan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Riaz A, Qin Y, Zheng Q, Chen X, Jiang W, Riaz B, Xiao N, Wu X, Qiu X, Xu J, Chen G, Chen ZH, Deng F, Zeng F. Cr(VI) behaves differently than Cr(III) in the uptake, translocation and detoxification in rice roots. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174736. [PMID: 39029762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of chromium (Cr) causes severe damage to both physiological and biochemical processes and consequently growth repression in plants. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]-elicited alterations in plants have been widely elucidated at either physiological or molecular level, whereas little is known about trivalent chromium [Cr(III)]. Here, we found that both Cr(III) and Cr(VI) significantly inhibited root growth in rice plants. However, rice plants under Cr(VI) showed significantly less inhibition in root growth than those under Cr(III) at low levels, which might be attributed to the different hormetic effects of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on rice plants. It was unexpected that Cr(III) could be actively taken up by rice roots similarly to Cr(VI); whereas they exhibited different kinetic uptake patterns. Furthermore, root-to-shoot Cr translocation under Cr(VI) was much lower than that under Cr(III). These results indicate that the uptake, translocation, and toxicity of Cr(III) differed greatly from those of Cr(VI). Transcriptome profiling of rice roots revealed that a series of gene families involved in detoxification, including ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion proteins (MATEs), and Tau class glutathione S-transferases (GSTUs), were significantly associated with Cr accumulation and detoxification in rice roots. In addition, much more members of these gene families were upregulated by Cr(VI) compared to Cr(III), suggesting their vital roles in Cr uptake, translocation, and detoxification, especially under Cr(VI) stress. Further comparison of gstu9 and gstu10/50 mutants with their wild type confirmed that GSTUs play complex roles in the intracellular Cr transport and redox homeostasis during Cr(III) or Cr(VI) stress. Taken together, our findings provides new insights into the differential behaviors of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in rice roots, as well as new candidate genes such as OsABCs and OsGSTUs, to further elucidate the mechanisms of the uptake, translocation, and detoxification of Cr(III) and Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Riaz
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Zheng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Bisma Riaz
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Nayun Xiao
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xianjin Qiu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Fenglin Deng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
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7
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Ye Q, Zheng L, Liu P, Liu Q, Ji T, Liu J, Gao Y, Liu L, Dong J, Wang T. The S-acylation cycle of transcription factor MtNAC80 influences cold stress responses in Medicago truncatula. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2629-2651. [PMID: 38552172 PMCID: PMC11218828 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
S-acylation is a reversible post-translational modification catalyzed by protein S-acyltransferases (PATs), and acyl protein thioesterases (APTs) mediate de-S-acylation. Although many proteins are S-acylated, how the S-acylation cycle modulates specific biological functions in plants is poorly understood. In this study, we report that the S-acylation cycle of transcription factor MtNAC80 is involved in the Medicago truncatula cold stress response. Under normal conditions, MtNAC80 localized to membranes through MtPAT9-induced S-acylation. In contrast, under cold stress conditions, MtNAC80 translocated to the nucleus through de-S-acylation mediated by thioesterases such as MtAPT1. MtNAC80 functions in the nucleus by directly binding the promoter of the glutathione S-transferase gene MtGSTU1 and promoting its expression, which enables plants to survive under cold stress by removing excess malondialdehyde and H2O2. Our findings reveal an important function of the S-acylation cycle in plants and provide insight into stress response and tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi Ye
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihua Zheng
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Liu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yajuan Gao
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiangli Dong
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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8
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Lowe C, Onkokesung N, Goldberg A, Beffa R, Neve P, Edwards R, Comont D. RNA and protein biomarkers for detecting enhanced metabolic resistance to herbicides mesosulfuron-methyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl in black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2539-2551. [PMID: 38375975 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolution of non-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides leads to a significant reduction in herbicide control of agricultural weed species. Detecting NTSR in weed populations prior to herbicide treatment would provide valuable information for effective weed control. While not all NTSR mechanisms have been fully identified, enhanced metabolic resistance (EMR) is one of the better studied, conferring tolerance through increased herbicide detoxification. Confirming EMR towards specific herbicides conventionally involves detecting metabolites of the active herbicide molecule in planta, but this approach is time-consuming and requires access to well-equipped laboratories. RESULTS In this study, we explored the potential of using molecular biomarkers to detect EMR before herbicide treatment in black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides). We tested the reliability of selected biomarkers to predict EMR and survival after herbicide treatments in both reference and 27 field-derived black-grass populations collected from sites across the UK. The combined analysis of the constitutive expression of biomarkers and metabolism studies confirmed three proteins, namely, AmGSTF1, AmGSTU2 and AmOPR1, as differential biomarkers of EMR toward the herbicides fenoxaprop-ethyl and mesosulfuron in black-grass. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that there is potential to use molecular biomarkers to detect EMR toward specific herbicides in black-grass without reference to metabolism analysis. However, biomarker development must include testing at both transcript and protein levels in order to be reliable indicators of resistance. This work is a first step towards more robust resistance biomarker development, which could be expanded into other herbicide chemistries for on-farm testing and monitoring EMR in uncharacterised black-grass populations. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lowe
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Nawaporn Onkokesung
- Agriculture, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alina Goldberg
- Agriculture, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Roland Beffa
- Senior Scientific Consultant, Liederbach, Germany
| | - Paul Neve
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Robert Edwards
- Agriculture, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Comont
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
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9
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Li L, Li B, Qu H, Tian S, Xu Z, Zhao L, Li X, Liu B. A new method based on melatonin-mediated seed germination to quickly remove pesticide residues and improve the nutritional quality of contaminated grains. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303040. [PMID: 38713652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we attempted to use melatonin combined with germination treatment to remove pesticide residues from contaminated grains. High levels of pesticide residues were detected in soybean seeds after soaking with chlorothalonil (10 mM) and malathion (1 mM) for 2 hours. Treatment with 50 μM melatonin for 5 days completely removed the pesticide residues, while in the control group, only 61-71% of pesticide residues were removed from soybean sprouts. Compared with the control, melatonin treatment for 7 days further increased the content of ascorbic acid (by 48-66%), total phenolics (by 52-68%), isoflavones (by 22-34%), the total antioxidant capacity (by 37-40%), and the accumulated levels of unsaturated fatty acids (C18:1, C18:2, and C18:3) (by 17-30%) in soybean sprouts. Moreover, melatonin treatment further increased the accumulation of ten components of phenols and isoflavones in soybean sprouts relative to those in the control. The ability of melatonin to accelerate the degradation of pesticide residues and promote the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites might be related to its ability to trigger the glutathione detoxification system in soybean sprouts. Melatonin promoted glutathione synthesis (by 49-139%) and elevated the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (by 24-78%) and glutathione reductase (by 38-61%). In summary, we report a new method in which combined treatment by melatonin and germination rapidly degrades pesticide residues in contaminated grains and improves the nutritional quality of food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Baoyan Li
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Henghua Qu
- Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zimeng Xu
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
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10
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Jócsák I, Csima F, Somfalvi-Tóth K. Alterations of Photosynthetic and Oxidative Processes Influenced by the Presence of Different Zinc and Cadmium Concentrations in Maize Seedlings: Transition from Essential to Toxic Functions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1150. [PMID: 38674559 PMCID: PMC11055138 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study examined the impact of varying the concentrations of zinc (Zn) on plant responses, particularly on photosynthetic and oxidative metabolic processes. This investigation aimed to distinguish between the beneficial and harmful effects of Zn on plants, highlighting significant nutrient supply concerns. METHODS The investigation methods were centered around non-invasive methods, such as biophoton emission (delayed fluorescence-DF, ultra-weak bioluminescence-UWLE), fluorescence induction (Fv/Fm) measurements, chlorophyll content estimation (SPAD) and vegetation index (NDVI) determination. Furthermore, the analytical determination of lipid oxidation (MDA level) and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) as well as gene expression studies of the antioxidative enzymes glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lipoxygenase (LOX) for essential Zn and nonessential cadmium (Cd) were also carried out in order to clarify toxic symptoms through different Zn investigation approaches. RESULTS It was possible to identify a metabolic enhancement from 1000 µM; however, stress symptoms from the 2000 µM Zn treatment were noted for both the investigated photosynthetic and oxidative processes. The outcomes of this research contribute to the improvement of Zn mineral-supplementation technology, which is essential for maize growth, and the optimization of agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Jócsák
- Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary; (F.C.); (K.S.-T.)
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11
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Peng J, Gao S, Bi JH, Shi J, Jia L, Pang QF, Zhao DM, Fu Y, Ye F. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Purine Derivatives as Herbicide Safeners. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38598318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mesosulfuron-methyl, an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase (ALS), has been extensively used in wheats. However, it can damage wheat (Triticum aestivum) and even lead to crop death. Herbicide safeners selectively shield crops from such damage without compromising weed control. To mitigate the phytotoxicity of mesosulfuron-methyl in crops, several purine derivatives were developed based on active substructure splicing. The synthesized title compounds underwent thorough characterization using infrared spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry. We evaluated chlorophyll and glutathione contents as well as various enzyme activities to evaluate the safer activity of these compounds. Compounds III-3 and III-7 exhibited superior activity compared with the safener mefenpyr-diethyl. Molecular structure analysis, along with predictions of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, indicated that compound III-7 shared pharmacokinetic traits with the commercial safener mefenpyr-diethyl. Molecular docking simulations revealed that compound III-7 competitively bound to the ALS active site with mesosulfuron-methyl, elucidating the protective mechanism of the safeners. Overall, this study highlights purine derivatives as potential candidates for novel safener development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing-Hu Bi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ling Jia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qi-Fan Pang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dong-Mei Zhao
- School of Food Engineering, East University of Heilongjiang, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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12
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Wang SY, Wang YX, Yue SS, Shi XC, Lu FY, Wu SQ, Herrera-Balandrano DD, Laborda P. G-site residue S67 is involved in the fungicide-degrading activity of a tau class glutathione S-transferase from Carica papaya. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107123. [PMID: 38417796 PMCID: PMC10958117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Thiram is a toxic fungicide extensively used for the management of pathogens in fruits. Although it is known that thiram degrades in plant tissues, the key enzymes involved in this process remain unexplored. In this study, we report that a tau class glutathione S-transferase (GST) from Carica papaya can degrade thiram. This enzyme was easily obtained by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, showed low promiscuity toward other thiuram disulfides, and catalyzed thiram degradation under physiological reaction conditions. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that G-site residue S67 shows a key influence for the enzymatic activity toward thiram, while mutation of residue S13, which reduced the GSH oxidase activity, did not significantly affect the thiram-degrading activity. The formation of dimethyl dithiocarbamate, which was subsequently converted into carbon disulfide, and dimethyl dithiocarbamoylsulfenic acid as the thiram degradation products suggested that thiram undergoes an alkaline hydrolysis that involves the rupture of the disulfide bond. Application of the GST selective inhibitor 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole reduced papaya peel thiram-degrading activity by 95%, indicating that this is the main degradation route of thiram in papaya. GST from Carica papaya also catalyzed the degradation of the fungicides chlorothalonil and thiabendazole, with residue S67 showing again a key influence for the enzymatic activity. These results fill an important knowledge gap in understanding the catalytic promiscuity of plant GSTs and reveal new insights into the fate and degradation products of thiram in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Sheng-Shuo Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin-Chi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng-Yi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Si-Qi Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Pedro Laborda
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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13
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Datta T, Kumar RS, Sinha H, Trivedi PK. Small but mighty: Peptides regulating abiotic stress responses in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1207-1223. [PMID: 38164016 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Throughout evolution, plants have developed strategies to confront and alleviate the detrimental impacts of abiotic stresses on their growth and development. The combat strategies involve intricate molecular networks and a spectrum of early and late stress-responsive pathways. Plant peptides, consisting of fewer than 100 amino acid residues, are at the forefront of these responses, serving as pivotal signalling molecules. These peptides, with roles similar to phytohormones, intricately regulate plant growth, development and facilitate essential cell-to-cell communications. Numerous studies underscore the significant role of these small peptides in coordinating diverse signalling events triggered by environmental challenges. Originating from the proteolytic processing of larger protein precursors or directly translated from small open reading frames, including microRNA (miRNA) encoded peptides from primary miRNA, these peptides exert their biological functions through binding with membrane-embedded receptor-like kinases. This interaction initiates downstream cellular signalling cascades, often involving major phytohormones or reactive oxygen species-mediated mechanisms. Despite these advances, the precise modes of action for numerous other small peptides remain to be fully elucidated. In this review, we delve into the dynamics of stress physiology, mainly focusing on the roles of major small signalling peptides, shedding light on their significance in the face of changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapasya Datta
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Ravi S Kumar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Hiteshwari Sinha
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Prabodh K Trivedi
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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14
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Rode S, Kaur H, Sharma M, Shah V, Singh SS, Gubyad M, Ghosh DK, Sircar D, Kumar P, Roy P, Sharma AK. Characterization of Type1 Lipid Transfer Protein from Citrus sinensis: Unraveling its potential as an antimicrobial and insecticidal agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130811. [PMID: 38490399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Lipid Transfer Protein1 (LTP1) is a cationic, multifaceted protein belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein (PR14) family. Despite being involved in diverse physiological processes and defense mechanisms, the precise in-vivo role of LTP1 remains undiscovered. This work presents the characterization of recombinant Citrus sinensis LTP1 (CsLTP1) along with lipid binding studies through in-silico and in-vitro approaches. CsLTP1 demonstrated great thermal and pH stability with a huge biotechnological potential. It showed in-vitro binding capacity with jasmonic acid and lipids involved in regulating plant immune responses. Gene expression profiling indicated a significant upregulation of CsLTP1 in Candidatus-infected Citrus plants. CsLTP1 disrupted the cell membrane integrity of various pathogens, making it a potent antimicrobial agent. Further, in-vivo antimicrobial and insecticidal properties of CsLTP1 have been explored. The impact of exogenous CsLTP1 treatment on rice crop metabolism for managing blight disease has been studied using GC-MS. CsLTP1 triggered crucial metabolic pathways in rice plants while controlling the blight disease. CsLTP1 effectively inhibited Helicoverpa armigera larvae by impeding mid-gut α-amylase activity and obstructing its developmental stages. This study highlights the pivotal role of CsLTP1 in plant defense by offering insights for developing multi-target therapeutic agent or disease-resistant varieties to comprehensively tackle the challenges towards crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Rode
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Harry Kaur
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Monica Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Vivek Shah
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India
| | - Shiv Shakti Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Mrugendra Gubyad
- Plant Virology Laboratory, Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Ghosh
- Plant Virology Laboratory, Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Pravindra Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India.
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15
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Park H, Kim HS, Abassi S, Bui QTN, Ki JS. Two novel glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in the toxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum and their transcriptional responses to environmental contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169983. [PMID: 38215848 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The present study identified two novel glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes from the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum and examined their molecular characteristics and transcriptional responses to algicides and environmental contaminants. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that both ApGSTs are cytosolic, belonging to the chi-like class (ApGST1) and an undefined class (ApGST2). The overall expression of ApGSTs showed similar patterns depending on the exposed contaminants, while they were differently regulated by polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB). Copper treatments (CuCl2 and CuSO4) did not significantly induce the expression of ApGSTs. The highest up-regulations of ApGST1 and ApGST2 were under 6-h treatments of 0.10 and 0.50 mg L-1 NaOCl. Interestingly, only ApGST1 increased significantly after 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 mg L-1 of PCB exposure (6 h). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased considerably under NaOCl; however, it was not significantly higher in the PCB-treated cells. GST activity was increased by NaOCl and PCB treatments, but only PCB caused apoptosis. These results suggest that GSTs are involved in the first line of phase II detoxification, protecting dinoflagellate cells against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjun Park
- Department of Life Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han-Sol Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sofia Abassi
- Department of Life Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Quynh Thi Nhu Bui
- Department of Life Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Life Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea.
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16
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Sun L, Ma R, Xu H, Su W, Xue F, Wu R, Lu C. Protective mechanisms of neral as a plant-derived safener against fenoxaprop-p-ethyl injury in rice. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1249-1257. [PMID: 37940406 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of herbicide safeners effectively minimises crop damage while maintaining the full efficacy of herbicides. The present study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of neral (NR) as a safener, in order to mitigate injury caused by fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FE) on rice. RESULTS The alleviating effect of NR was similar to that of the safener isoxadifen-ethyl (IE). The root elongation of rice was significantly promoted under the FE + NR and FE + IE treatments, as compared to the FE treatment. The transcriptome analysis further suggested that the effects of NR treatment on plant metabolic pathways differed from those of IE treatment. In total, 895 and 47 up-differentially expressed genes induced by NR (NR-inducible genes) and IE (IE-inducible genes) were identified. NR-inducible genes were mainly enriched in phytohormone synthesis and signalling response, including 'response to brassinosteroid', 'response to jasmonic acid', 'response to ethylene', 'brassinosteroid metabolic process', 'brassinosteroid biosynthesis' and 'plant hormone signal transduction'. In contrast, IE-inducible genes were predominantly enriched in glutathione metabolism. The activity of glutathione S-transferase was found to be increased after IE treatment, whereas no significant increase was observed following NR treatment. Moreover, several transcription factor genes, such as those encoding AP2/ERF-ERF and (basic helix-loop-helix) bHLH were found to be significantly induced by NR treatment. CONCLUSION This is the first report of the utilisation of NR as an herbicide safener. The results of this study suggest the toxicity of FE to rice is mitigated by NR through a distinct mechanism compared to IE. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ronghui Ma
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongle Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wangcang Su
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Renhai Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuantao Lu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
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17
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Cheng H, Wan Z, Xu Y, Shen J, Li X, Jin S. Transcriptome and photosynthetic analyses provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress tolerance in Rhododendron × pulchrum Sweet. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpad133. [PMID: 37930230 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhododendron species provide excellent ornamental use worldwide, yet heat stress (HS) is one of the major threats to their cultivation. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying the photochemical and transcriptional regulations associated with the heat stress response in Rhododendron remain relatively unexplored. In this study, the analyses of morphological characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) kinetics showed that HS (40 °C/35 °C) had a notable impact on both the donor's and acceptor's sides of photosystem II (PSII), resulting in reduced PSII activity and electron transfer capacity. The gradual recovery of plants observed following a 5-day period of culture under normal conditions indicates the reversible nature of the HS impact on Rhododendron × pulchrum. Analysis of transcriptome data unveiled noteworthy trends: four genes associated with photosynthesis-antenna protein synthesis (LHCb1, LHCb2 and LHCb3) and the antioxidant system (glutamate-cysteine ligase) experienced significant down-regulation in the leaves of R. × pulchrum during HS. Conversely, aseorbate peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase TAU 8 demonstrated an up-regulated pattern. Furthermore, six down-regulated genes (phos-phoenolpyruvate carboxylase 4, sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase, ribose-5-phosphate isomerase 2, high cyclic electron flow 1, beta glucosidase 32 and starch synthase 2) and two up-regulated genes (beta glucosidase 2 and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2) implicated in photosynthetic carbon fixation and starch/sucrose metabolism were identified during the recovery process. To augment these insights, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis yielded a co-expression network, pinpointing the hub genes correlated with ChlF dynamics' variation trends. The cumulative results showed that HS inhibited the synthesis of photosynthesis-antenna proteins in R. × pulchrum leaves. This disruption subsequently led to diminished photochemical activities in both PSII and PSI, albeit with PSI exhibiting heightened thermostability. Depending on the regulation of the reactive oxygen species scavenging system and heat dissipation, photoprotection sustained the recoverability of R. × pulchrum to HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefeng Cheng
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Ziyun Wan
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Yanxia Xu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Jianshuang Shen
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
- Hangzhou Animation & Game College, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
- School of Life Science and Health, Huzhou College , Huzhou 313000, China
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18
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Font Farre M, Brown D, König M, Killinger BJ, Kaschani F, Kaiser M, Wright AT, Burton J, van der Hoorn RAL. Glutathione Transferase Photoaffinity Labeling Displays GST Induction by Safeners and Pathogen Infection. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:128-141. [PMID: 37924215 PMCID: PMC10799724 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) represent a large and diverse enzyme family involved in the detoxification of small molecules by glutathione conjugation in crops, weeds and model plants. In this study, we introduce an easy and quick assay for photoaffinity labeling of GSTs to study GSTs globally in various plant species. The small-molecule probe contains glutathione, a photoreactive group and a minitag for coupling to reporter tags via click chemistry. Under UV irradiation, this probe quickly and robustly labels GSTs in crude protein extracts of different plant species. Purification and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of labeled proteins from Arabidopsis identified 10 enriched GSTs from the Phi(F) and Tau(U) classes. Photoaffinity labeling of GSTs demonstrated GST induction in wheat seedlings upon treatment with safeners and in Arabidopsis leaves upon infection with avirulent bacteria. Treatment of Arabidopsis with salicylic acid (SA) analog benzothiadiazole (BTH) induces GST labeling independent of NPR1, the master regulator of SA. Six Phi- and Tau-class GSTs that are induced upon BTH treatment were identified, and their labeling was confirmed upon transient overexpression. These data demonstrate that GST photoaffinity labeling is a useful approach to studying GST induction in crude extracts of different plant species upon different types of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Font Farre
- The Plant Chemetics Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Daniel Brown
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Maurice König
- The Plant Chemetics Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Brian J Killinger
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Farnusch Kaschani
- ZMB Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Markus Kaiser
- ZMB Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Aaron T Wright
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Jonathan Burton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3TA, UK
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Bakaeva M, Chetverikov S, Starikov S, Kendjieva A, Khudaygulov G, Chetverikova D. Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria on Antioxidant Status, Acetolactate Synthase Activity, and Growth of Common Wheat and Canola Exposed to Metsulfuron-Methyl. J Xenobiot 2024; 14:79-95. [PMID: 38249102 PMCID: PMC10801594 DOI: 10.3390/jox14010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metsulfuron-methyl, a widely used herbicide, could cause damage to the sensitive plants in crop-rotation systems at extremely low levels in the soil. The potential of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) for enhancing the resistance of plants against herbicide stress has been discovered recently. Therefore, it is poorly understood how physiological processes occur in plants, while PGPB reduce the phytotoxicity of herbicides for agricultural crops. In greenhouse studies, the effect of strains Pseudomonas protegens DA1.2 and Pseudomonas chlororaphis 4CH on oxidative damage, acetolactate synthase (ALS), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in canola (Brassica napus L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated under two levels (0.05 and 0.25 mg∙kg-1) of metsulfuron-methyl using spectrophotometric assays. The inoculation of herbicide-exposed wheat with bacteria significantly increased the shoots fresh weight (24-28%), amount of glutathione GSH (60-73%), and flavonoids (5-14%), as well as activity of ascorbate peroxidase (129-140%), superoxide dismutase SOD (35-49%), and ALS (50-57%). Bacterial treatment stimulated the activity of SOD (37-94%), ALS (65-73%), glutathione reductase (19-20%), and the accumulation of GSH (61-261%), flavonoids (17-22%), and shoots weight (27-33%) in herbicide-exposed canola. Simultaneous inoculation prevented lipid peroxidation induced by metsulfuron-methyl in sensitive plants. Based on the findings, it is possible that the protective role of bacterial strains against metsulfuron-metil is linked to antioxidant system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bakaeva
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (S.C.); (S.S.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.C.)
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Axarli I, Ataya F, Labrou NE. Repurposing Glutathione Transferases: Directed Evolution Combined with Chemical Modification for the Creation of a Semisynthetic Enzyme with High Hydroperoxidase Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:41. [PMID: 38247466 PMCID: PMC10812501 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are antioxidant selenoenzymes, which catalyze the reduction of hydroperoxides via glutathione (GSH), providing protection to cells against oxidative stress metabolites. The present study aims to create an efficient semisynthetic GPX based on the scaffold of tau class glutathione transferase (GSTU). A library of GSTs was constructed via DNA shuffling, using three homologue GSTUs from Glycine max as parent sequences. The DNA library of the shuffled genes was expressed in E. coli and the catalytic activity of the shuffled enzymes was screened using cumene hydroperoxide (CuOOH) as substrate. A chimeric enzyme variant (named Sh14) with 4-fold enhanced GPX activity, compared to the wild-type enzyme, was identified and selected for further study. Selenocysteine (Sec) was substituted for the active-site Ser13 residue of the Sh14 variant via chemical modification. The GPX activity (kcat) and the specificity constant (kcat/Κm) of the evolved seleno-Sh14 enzyme (SeSh14) was increased 177- and 2746-fold, respectively, compared to that of the wild-type enzyme for CuOOH. Furthermore, SeSh14 effectively catalyzed the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, an activity that is completely undetectable in all GSTs. Such an engineered GPX-like biocatalyst based on the GSTU scaffold might serve as a catalytic bioscavenger for the detoxification of hazardous hydroperoxides. Furthermore, our results shed light on the evolution of GPXs and their structural and functional link with GSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Axarli
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Farid Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nikolaos E. Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, GR-11855 Athens, Greece;
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Vokřál I, Podlipná R, Matoušková P, Skálová L. Anthelmintics in the environment: Their occurrence, fate, and toxicity to non-target organisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140446. [PMID: 37852376 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Anthelmintics are drugs used for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by parasitic worms (helminths). While the importance of anthelmintics in human as well as in veterinary medicine is evident, they represent emerging contaminants of the environment. Human anthelmintics are mainly used in tropical and sub-tropical regions, while veterinary anthelmintics have become frequently-occurring environmental pollutants worldwide due to intensive agri- and aquaculture production. In the environment, anthelmintics are distributed in water and soil in relation to their structure and physicochemical properties. Consequently, they enter various organisms directly (e.g. plants, soil invertebrates, water animals) or indirectly through food-chain. Several anthelmintics elicit toxic effects in non-target species. Although new information has been made available, anthelmintics in ecosystems should be more thoroughly investigated to obtain complex knowledge on their impact in various environments. This review summarizes available information about the occurrence, behavior, and toxic effect of anthelmintics in environment. Several reasons why anthelmintics are dangerous contaminants are highlighted along with options to reduce contamination. Negative effects are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vokřál
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, CZ-500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Podlipná
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, Praha 6, CZ-165 02, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Matoušková
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, CZ-500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, CZ-500 05, Czech Republic
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22
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de Almeida NM, de Almeida AAF, de Almeida Santos N, Mora-Ocampo IY, Pirovani CP. Leaf proteomic profiles in cacao scion-rootstock combinations tolerant and intolerant to cadmium toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:107987. [PMID: 37722279 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Cd contamination in cacao beans is one of the major problems faced by cocoa producing countries in Latin America. Cacao scion-rootstock combinations influence the Cd accumulation in the shoot of the plant. The objective of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis between cacao scion rootstock combinations (CCN 51/BN 34, CCN 51/PS 13.19, CCN 51/PH 16 and CCN 51/CCN 51), contrasting for tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity, by means of leaf proteomic profiles, in order to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in tolerance to Cd toxicity. Cacao scion-rootstock combinations were grown in soil with 150 mg Cd kg-1 soil, together with the control treatment. Leaf samples were collected 96 h after treatments were applied. There were alterations in the leaf proteome of the cacao scion-rootstock combinations, whose molecular responses to Cd toxicity varied depending on the combination. Leaf proteomic analyzes provided important information regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in the tolerance and intolerance of cacao scion-rootstock combinations to Cd toxicity. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, efficient for eliminating ROS, especially the expressions of APX and SOD, in addition to the increase in the abundance of metalloproteins, such as ferredoxins, rubredoxin, ALMT, Trx-1 and ABC-transporter were key mechanisms used in the Cd detoxification in cacao scion-rootstock combinations tolerant to Cd toxicity. Carboxylic acid metabolism, glucose activation and signal transduction were also important processes in the responses of cacao scion-rootstock combinations to Cd toxicity. The results confirmed CCN 51/BN 34 as a cacao scion-rootstock combination efficient in tolerance to Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Moreira de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Nayara de Almeida Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Irma Yuliana Mora-Ocampo
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
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Iorjiim WM, Omale S, Ede S, Ugokwe CV, Alemika TE. Involvement of functional senescence in efavirenz-induced toxicity in fruit fly. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:853-862. [PMID: 37915498 PMCID: PMC10615817 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed in this article to assess the likeliness of efavirenz to induce functional senescence in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly). Methods Ten different concentrations of EFV were mixed with fly food and fed to 3-day-old flies orally for a 7 day LC50 calculation. Drug concentrations from LC50 were selected for a 28 day survival to determine the duration of treatment for behavioral and biochemical assays. A 5day feeding plan was used to investigate the effects of the drug on organismal, neuromuscular, reproductive, and metabolic senescence. An in silico study was executed to decipher a molecular interaction of Drosophila enzymes glutathione-s-transferase (GST) or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with EFV. Results The calculated LC50 of EFV was 118 mg/10-g fly diet. The test drug induced a significant (P < 0.05) increase in fly mortality, climbing difficulty, and procreative deficits after a 5 day oral exposure. Similarly, there were significant (P < 0.05) biochemical alterations, which suggested in vivo biochemical damage against total thiols (T-SH), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), GST, AChE, and MDA (malondialdehyde) in the test flies compared to the control groups. In silico study revealed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher binding energy between EFV and the active amino acids of fly AChE and GST when compared to the substrates or standard inhibitors respectively. Conclusion EFV exhibited ecotoxic potentials evidenced by age-related deficits in the fly's functional integrity such as sluggish movement, procreative deficiency, increased mortality, and oxidant-antioxidant inequality. Results from in silico study suggested antagonism against GST and AChE activities as a likely mechanism of EFV-induced toxicity in the fruit fly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Mdekera Iorjiim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-930003, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Simeon Omale
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-930003, Plateau State, Nigeria
- Africa Centre of Excellence in Phytomedicine Research and Development (ACEPRD), University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-930003 Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Ede
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-930003, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Chinelo Vera Ugokwe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-93003, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Emmanuel Alemika
- Africa Centre of Excellence in Phytomedicine Research and Development (ACEPRD), University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-930003 Plateau State, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Jos, Bauchi Road, Jos North, Postcode-930003 Plateau State, Nigeria
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Li Z, Zhou Z, Hou Q, Shen L, Zhao H, Wen X. Physiological, Proteomic, and Resin Yield-Related Genes Expression Analysis Provides Insights into the Mechanisms Regulating Resin Yield in Masson Pine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13813. [PMID: 37762116 PMCID: PMC10531451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) is an important resin-producing conifer species in China. Resin yield is a highly heritable trait and varies greatly among different genotypes. However, the mechanisms regulating the resin yield of masson pine remain largely unknown. In this study, physiological, proteomic, and gene expression analysis was performed on xylem tissues of masson pine with high and low resin yield. Physiological investigation showed that the activity of terpene synthase, as well as the contents of soluble sugar, jasmonic acid (JA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), gibberellins (GA1, GA4, GA9, GA19, and GA20), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) were significantly increased in the high yielder, whereas sucrose and salicylic acid (SA) were significantly decreased compared with the low one. A total of 2984 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in four groups, which were mainly enriched in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, carbohydrate metabolism, phytohormone biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and plant-pathogen interaction. Integrated physiological and proteomic analysis revealed that carbohydrate metabolism, terpenoid biosynthesis, resistance to stress, as well as JA and GA biosynthesis and signaling, play key roles in regulating resin yield. A series of proteins associated with resin yield, e.g., terpene synthase proteins (TPSs), ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs), glutathione S-transferase proteins (GSTs), and heat shock proteins (HSPs), were identified. Resin yield-related gene expression was also associated with resin yield. Our study unveils the implicated molecular mechanisms regulating resin yield and is of pivotal significance to breeding strategies of high resin-yielding masson pine cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchun Li
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiandong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Luonan Shen
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wen
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Luo Q, Fu H, Hu F, Li S, Chen Q, Peng S, Yang C, Liu Y, Chen Y. Effects of Biological Nitrogen Metabolism on Glufosinate-Susceptible and -Resistant Goosegrass ( Eleusine indica L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13791. [PMID: 37762094 PMCID: PMC10531271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glufosinate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used to control most weeds in agriculture worldwide. Goosegrass (Eleusine indica L.) is one of the top ten malignant weeds across the world, showing high tolerance to glufosinate via different mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. This study revealed that nitrogen metabolism could be a target-resistant site, providing clues to finally clarify the mechanism of glufosinate resistance in resistant goosegrass populations. Compared to susceptible goosegrass (NX), the resistant goosegrass (AUS and CS) regarding the stress of glufosinate showed stronger resistance with lower ammonia contents, higher target enzyme GS (glutamine synthetase) activity, and lower GOGAT (glutamine 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase) activity. The GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase) activity of another pathway increased, but its gene expression was downregulated in resistant goosegrass (AUS). Analyzing the transcriptome and proteome data of goosegrass under glufosinate stress at 36 h showed that the KEGG pathway of the nitrogen metabolism was enriched in glufosinate-susceptible goosegrass (NX), but not in glufosinate-resistant goosegrass (CS and AUS). Several putative target genes involved in glufosinate stress countermeasures were identified. This study provides specific insights into the nitrogen metabolism of resistant goosegrass, and gives a basis for future functional verification of glufosinate-tolerance genes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Luo
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.L.); (H.F.); (F.H.); (S.L.); (C.Y.)
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Hao Fu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.L.); (H.F.); (F.H.); (S.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Fang Hu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.L.); (H.F.); (F.H.); (S.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Shiguo Li
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.L.); (H.F.); (F.H.); (S.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Qiqi Chen
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Shangming Peng
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Cunyi Yang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.L.); (H.F.); (F.H.); (S.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yaoguang Liu
- College of Life Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.L.); (H.F.); (F.H.); (S.L.); (C.Y.)
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Horváth E, Kulman K, Tompa B, Hajnal ÁB, Pelsőczi A, Bela K, Gallé Á, Csiszár J. Glutathione Transferases Are Involved in the Genotype-Specific Salt-Stress Response of Tomato Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1682. [PMID: 37759985 PMCID: PMC10525892 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are one of the most versatile multigenic enzyme superfamilies. In our experiments, the involvement of the genotype-specific induction of GST genes and glutathione- or redox-related genes in pathways regulating salt-stress tolerance was examined in tomato cultivars (Solanum lycopersicum Moneymaker, Mobil, and Elán F1). The growth of the Mobil plants was adversely affected during salt stress (100 mM of NaCl), which might be the result of lowered glutathione and ascorbate levels, a more positive glutathione redox potential (EGSH), and reduced glutathione reductase (GR) and GST activities. In contrast, the Moneymaker and Elán F1 cultivars were able to restore their growth and exhibited higher GR and inducible GST activities, as well as elevated, non-enzymatic antioxidant levels, indicating their enhanced salt tolerance. Furthermore, the expression patterns of GR, selected GST, and transcription factor genes differed significantly among the three cultivars, highlighting the distinct regulatory mechanisms of the tomato genotypes during salt stress. The correlations between EGSH and gene expression data revealed several robust, cultivar-specific associations, underscoring the complexity of the stress response mechanism in tomatoes. Our results support the cultivar-specific roles of distinct GST genes during the salt-stress response, which, along with WRKY3, WRKY72, DREB1, and DREB2, are important players in shaping the redox status and the development of a more efficient stress tolerance in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Horváth
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Kitti Kulman
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network, H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Bernát Tompa
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Barnabás Hajnal
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alina Pelsőczi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Bela
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Ágnes Gallé
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
| | - Jolán Csiszár
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (K.K.); (B.T.); (Á.B.H.); (A.P.); (K.B.); (Á.G.); (J.C.)
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Jin SB, Jang SW, Shin JA, Jung NH, Kim HA, Park SY, Lee WC, Kong KH. Functional significance of serine 13 in the active site of glutathione S-transferase F3 from Oryza sativa. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105463. [PMID: 37532308 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant glutathione S-transferase (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) is an enzyme that detoxifies various electrophilic compounds including herbicides and organic pollutants by catalyzing the formation of conjugates with reduced glutathione (GSH). Although the structure and function of the GST subunits in rice, an important food in Asia, are not well understood, they are crucial for herbicide development. To investigate the role of active site residues in rice Phi-class GSTF3 (OsGSTF3), evolutionarily conserved serine residues were replaced with alanine using site-directed mutagenesis to obtain the mutants S13A, S38A, S69A, and S169A. These four mutants were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using immobilized GSH affinity chromatography. Mutation of Ser13 to Ala resulted in substantial reductions in specific activities and kcat/Km values for the GSH-[1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB)] conjugation reaction. In contrast, mutations of Ser38, Ser69, and Ser169 to Ala had little effect on the activities and kinetic parameters. Additionally, the mutation of Ser13 to Ala significantly affected the KmGSH and I50 values of S-hexylglutathione and S-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)glutathione, which compete with GSH and the product of GSH-CDNB conjugation, respectively. A pH-log (kcat/KmCDNB) plot was used to estimate the pKa value of GSH in the enzyme-GSH complex of the wild-type enzyme, which was approximately 6.9. However, the pKa value of GSH in the enzyme-GSH complex of the S13A mutant was approximately 8.7, which was about 1.8 pK units higher than that of the wild-type enzyme. OsGSTF3 was also crystallized for crystallographic study, and the structure analyses revealed that Ser13 is located in the active site and that its side chain is in close proximity to the thiol group of glutathione bound in the enzyme. Based on these substitution effects on kinetic parameters, the dependence of kinetic parameters on the pH and 3-dimensional structure, it was suggested that Ser13 in rice OsGSTF3 is the residue responsible for catalytic activity by lowering the pKa of GSH in the enzyme-GSH complex and enhancing the nucleophilicity of the GSH thiol in the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Bin Jin
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Wook Jang
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hee Jung
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-A Kim
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Park
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Cheol Lee
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hoon Kong
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84, Huksuk-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao B, Xu X, Li B, Qi Z, Huang J, Hu A, Wang G, Liu X. Target-site mutation and enhanced metabolism endow resistance to nicosulfuron in a Digitaria sanguinalis population. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105488. [PMID: 37532350 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Digitaria sanguinalis is a competitive and annual grass weed that commonly infests crops across the world. In recent years, the control of D. sanguinalis by nicosulfuron has declined in Hebei Province, China. To determine the resistance mechanisms of D. sanguinalis to nicosulfuron, a population of D. sanguinalis where nicosulfuron had failed was collected from a maize field of Hebei Province, China. Whole-plant dose-response experiments demonstrated that the resistant population (HBMT-15) displayed 6.9-fold resistance to nicosulfuron compared with the susceptible population (HBMT-5). Addition of the glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) inhibitor 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD-Cl) significantly reduced the resistance level of the HBMT-15 population to nicosulfuron, and the GSTs activity of the HBMT-15 population was higher than the HBMT-5 population after nicosulfuron treatment. In vitro acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme experiments revealed that the nicosulfuron I50 value for the HBMT-15 population was 41 times higher than that of the HBMT-5 population. An Asp376 to Glu substitution in the ALS gene was identified in the HBMT-15 population. The HBMT-15 population had a moderate (2- to 4-fold) level of cross-resistance to three other ALS inhibitors (imazethapyr, pyroxsulam, and flucarbazone‑sodium), but was susceptible to pyrithiobac‑sodium. This study demonstrated that both an Asp376 to Glu substitution in the ALS gene and GSTs-involved metabolic resistance to ALS inhibitors coexisted in a D. sanguinalis population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Xian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Binghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Zhizun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Jinan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Ali Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Guiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China.
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China.
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Yang GL, Huang L, Yang X, Li Z, Liao HM, Mao K, Liu ZJ, Geng HY, Cao Q, Tan AJ. Transcriptomic and Functional Analyses of Two Cadmium Hyper-Enriched Duckweed Strains Reveal Putative Cadmium Tolerance Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12157. [PMID: 37569533 PMCID: PMC10418380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals in the environment and exerts deleterious effects on plant growth and production. Duckweed has been reported as a promising candidate for Cd phytoremediation. In this study, the growth, Cd enrichment, and antioxidant enzyme activity of duckweed were investigated. We found that both high-Cd-tolerance duckweed (HCD) and low-Cd-tolerance duckweed (LCD) strains exposed to Cd were hyper-enriched with Cd. To further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, a genome-wide transcriptome analysis was performed. The results showed that the growth rate, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities of duckweed were significantly affected by Cd stress and differed between the two strains. In the genome-wide transcriptome analysis, the RNA-seq library generated 544,347,670 clean reads, and 1608 and 2045 differentially expressed genes were identified between HCD and LCD, respectively. The antioxidant system was significantly expressed during ribosomal biosynthesis in HCD but not in LCD. Fatty acid metabolism and ethanol production were significantly increased in LCD. Alpha-linolenic acid metabolism likely plays an important role in Cd detoxification in duckweed. These findings contribute to the understanding of Cd tolerance mechanisms in hyperaccumulator plants and lay the foundation for future phytoremediation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
- Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;
| | - Lei Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China;
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Hai-Min Liao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Kang Mao
- Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;
| | - Zhao-Ju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - He-Yan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Ai-Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
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Liu S, Rao J, Zhu J, Li G, Li F, Zhang H, Tao L, Zhou Q, Tao Y, Zhang Y, Huang K, Wei C. Integrated physiological, metabolite and proteomic analysis reveal the glyphosate stress response mechanism in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131419. [PMID: 37099910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate residues can tremendously impact the physiological mechanisms of tea plants, thus threatening tea security and human health. Herein, integrated physiological, metabolite, and proteomic analyses were performed to reveal the glyphosate stress response mechanism in tea plant. After exposure to glyphosate (≥1.25 kg ae/ha), the leaf ultrastructure was damaged, and chlorophyll content and relative fluorescence intensity decreased significantly. The characteristic metabolites catechins and theanine decreased significantly, and the 18 volatile compounds content varied significantly under glyphosate treatments. Subsequently, tandem mass tags (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics was employed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and to validate their biological functions at the proteome level. A total of 6287 proteins were identified and 326 DEPs were screened. These DEPs were mainly catalytic, binding, transporter and antioxidant active proteins, involved in photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, sugar and energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and stress/defense/detoxification pathway, etc. A total of 22 DEPs were validated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), demonstrating that the protein abundances were consistent between TMT and PRM data. These findings contribute to our understanding of the damage of glyphosate to tea leaves and molecular mechanism underlying the response of tea plants to glyphosate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongning Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Youze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao J, Yang L, Yang X, Zhao X, Li M, Zhao S, Zhu L, Zhan J. Degradation of 8:2 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (8:2 FTCA) by plants and their co-existing microorganisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131129. [PMID: 36871467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
8:2 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (8:2 FTCA), an important precursor of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs), is widely detected in environment and biotas. Hydroponic exposures were conducted to investigate the accumulation and metabolism of 8:2 FTCA in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.). Endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms co-existing with the plants were isolated to investigate their contributions to degrade 8:2 FTCA. Wheat and pumpkin roots could take up 8:2 FTCA efficiently with the root concentration factor (RCF) as 5.78 and 8.93, respectively. 8:2 FTCA could be biotransformed to 8:2 fluorotelomer unsaturated carboxylic acid (8:2 FTUCA), 7:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (7:3 FTCA), and seven PFCAs with 2-8 carbon chain length in plant roots and shoots. Cytochromes P450 (CYP450) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities in plants were significantly increased, while flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FMOs) activities were not changed, suggesting that CYP 450 and GST were involved in the transformation of 8:2 FTCA in plant tissues. Twelve 8:2 FTCA-degrading endophytic (8 strains) and rhizospheric (4 strains) bacterial strains were isolated from root interior, shoot interior and rhizosphere of plants, respectively. These bacteria were identified as Klebsiella sp. based on the morphology and 16S rDNA sequence, and they could biodegrade 8:2 FTCA to intermediates and stable PFCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, PR China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, PR China
| | - Xv Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, PR China
| | - Minghui Li
- PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company, Panjin 124010, PR China
| | - Shuyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, PR China.
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning 124221, PR China
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Luo K, Guo J, He D, Li G, Ouellet T. Deoxynivalenol accumulation and detoxification in cereals and its potential role in wheat- Fusarium graminearum interactions. ABIOTECH 2023; 4:155-171. [PMID: 37581023 PMCID: PMC10423186 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-023-00096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a prominent mycotoxin showing significant accumulation in cereal plants during infection by the phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum. It is a virulence factor that is important in the spread of F. graminearum within cereal heads, and it causes serious yield losses and significant contamination of cereal grains. In recent decades, genetic and genomic studies have facilitated the characterization of the molecular pathways of DON biosynthesis in F. graminearum and the environmental factors that influence DON accumulation. In addition, diverse scab resistance traits related to the repression of DON accumulation in plants have been identified, and experimental studies of wheat-pathogen interactions have contributed to understanding detoxification mechanisms in host plants. The present review illustrates and summarizes the molecular networks of DON mycotoxin production in F. graminearum and the methods of DON detoxification in plants based on the current literature, which provides molecular targets for crop improvement programs. This review also comprehensively discusses recent advances and challenges related to genetic engineering-mediated cultivar improvements to strengthen scab resistance. Furthermore, ongoing advancements in genetic engineering will enable the application of these molecular targets to develop more scab-resistant wheat cultivars with DON detoxification traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000 China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000 China
| | - Dejia He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000 China
| | - Guangwei Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, 716000 China
| | - Thérèse Ouellet
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6 Canada
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Kumar RS, Sinha H, Datta T, Asif MH, Trivedi PK. microRNA408 and its encoded peptide regulate sulfur assimilation and arsenic stress response in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:837-856. [PMID: 36682886 PMCID: PMC10231396 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a central role in regulating various developmental and biological processes. The expression of miRNAs is differentially modulated in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Recent findings have shown that some pri-miRNAs encode small regulatory peptides known as microRNA-encoded peptides (miPEPs). miPEPs regulate the growth and development of plants by modulating corresponding miRNA expression; however, the role of these peptides under different stress conditions remains unexplored. Here, we report that pri-miR408 encodes a small peptide, miPEP408, that regulates the expression of miR408, its targets, and associated phenotype in Arabidopsis. We also report that miR408, apart from Plantacyanin (ARPN) and Laccase3 (LAC3), targets a glutathione S-transferase (GSTU25) that plays a role in sulfur assimilation and exhibits a range of detoxification activities with the environmental pollutant. Plants overexpressing miR408 showed severe sensitivity under low sulfur (LS), arsenite As(III), and LS + As(III) stress, while miR408 mutants developed using the CRISPR/Cas9 approach showed tolerance. Transgenic lines showed phenotypic alteration and modulation in the expression of genes involved in the sulfur reduction pathway and affect sulfate and glutathione accumulation. Similar to miR408 overexpressing lines, the exogenous application of synthetic miPEP408 and miPEP408OX lines led to sensitivity in plants under LS, As(III), and combined LS + As(III) stress compared to the control. This study suggests the involvement of miR408 and miPEP408 in heavy metal and nutrient deficiency responses through modulation of the sulfur assimilation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Shankar Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Hiteshwari Sinha
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Tapasya Datta
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Mehar Hasan Asif
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow 226015, India
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Wrzesińska-Krupa B, Szmatoła T, Praczyk T, Obrępalska-Stęplowska A. Transcriptome analysis indicates the involvement of herbicide-responsive and plant-pathogen interaction pathways in the development of resistance to ACCase inhibitors in Apera spica-venti. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1944-1962. [PMID: 36655853 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuous use of the herbicides contributes to the emergence of the resistant populations of numerous weed species that are tolerant to multiple herbicides with different modes of action (multiple resistance) which is provided by non-target-site resistance mechanisms. In this study, we addressed the question of rapid acquisition of herbicide resistance to pinoxaden (acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor) in Apera spica-venti, which endangers winter cereal crops and has high adaptation capabilities to inhabit many rural locations. To this end, de novo transcriptome of Apera spica-venti was assembled and RNA-sequencing analysis of plants resistant and susceptible to pinoxaden treated with this herbicide was performed. RESULTS The obtained data showed that the prime candidate genes responsible for herbicide resistance were those encoding 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 12-like, UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT) including UGT75K6, UGT75E2, UGT83A1-like, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) such as GSTU1 and GSTU6. Also, such highly accelerated herbicide resistance emergence may result from the enhanced constitutive expression of a wide range of genes involved in detoxification already before herbicide treatment and may also influence response to biotic stresses, which was assumed by the detection of expression changes in genes encoding defence-related proteins, including receptor kinase-like Xa21. Moreover, alterations in the expression of genes associated with methylation in non-treated herbicide-resistant populations were identified. CONCLUSION The obtained results indicated genes that may be involved in herbicide resistance. Moreover, they provide valuable insight into the possible effect of resistance on the weed interaction with the other stresses by indicating pathways associated with both abiotic and biotic stresses. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wrzesińska-Krupa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szmatoła
- Centre for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Praczyk
- Department of Weed Science and Plant Protection Techniques, Institute of Plant Protection - National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
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Hwang JI, Norsworthy JK, Carvalho-Moore P, Barber LT, Butts TR, McElroy JS. Exploratory Analysis on Herbicide Metabolism and Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acid Production in Metolachlor-Resistant Palmer Amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37036857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) biotype resistant to S-metolachlor was confirmed from crop fields in Arkansas, USA. This study investigated the metabolic effects of malathion (cytochrome P450 inhibitor) and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan [NBD-Cl; glutathione S-transferase inhibitor] on the S-metolachlor-resistant A. palmeri biotype. Root elongation of the resistant biotype was 20% more inhibited by treatment of NBD-Cl (50 nM) and S-metolachlor (2 μM) in mixture than by treatment of S-metolachlor alone. Metabolites of S-metolachlor were 1.4-12.1 times greater produced in the resistant biotype for 7 d than in the susceptible standard. Production of cerotic acid, one of the very-long-chain fatty acids containing 26 carbons, was more reduced in the susceptible standard (3.8-fold) than in the resistant biotype (1.8-fold) by S-metolachlor treatment. Conclusively, evolution of S-metolachlor resistance observed in this study was likely associated with improved activity of glutathione S-transferases. Further studies are needed to genetically evaluate plant endogenous enzymes involving cerotic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-In Hwang
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Jason K Norsworthy
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Pamela Carvalho-Moore
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - L Tom Barber
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Thomas R Butts
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - J Scott McElroy
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36831, United States
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Ye BW, Zhao LX, Wang ZW, Shi J, Leng XY, Gao S, Fu Y, Ye F. Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivity of Novel Ester-Substituted Cyclohexenone Derivatives as Safeners. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37017396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tembotrione, a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor, has been widely used in many types of plants. Tembotrione has been reported for its likelihood of causing injury and plant death to certain corn hybrids. Safeners are co-applied with herbicides to protect certain crops without compromising weed control efficacy. Alternatively, herbicide safeners may effectively improve herbicide selectivity. To address tembotrione-induced Zea mays injury, a series of novel ester-substituted cyclohexenone derivatives were designed using the fragment splicing method. In total, 35 title compounds were synthesized via acylation reactions. All the compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The configuration of compound II-15 was confirmed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The bioactivity assay proved that tembotrione phytotoxicity to maize could be reduced by most title compounds. In particular, compound II-14 exhibited the highest activity against tembotrione. The molecular structure comparisons as well as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity predictions demonstrated that compound II-14 exhibited pharmacokinetic properties similar to those of the commercial safener isoxadifen-ethyl. The molecular docking model indicated that compound II-14 could prevent tembotrione from reaching or acting with Z. mays HPPD (PDB: 1SP8). Molecular dynamics simulations showed that compound II-14 maintained satisfactory stability with Z. mays HPPD. This research revealed that ester-substituted cyclohexenone derivatives can be developed as potential candidates for discovering novel herbicide safeners in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Wen Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li-Xia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Juan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin-Yu Leng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Palma-Bautista C, Vázquez-García JG, de Portugal J, Bastida F, Alcántara-de la Cruz R, Osuna-Ruiz MD, Torra J, De Prado R. Enhanced detoxification via Cyt-P450 governs cross-tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in weed species of Centaurea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121140. [PMID: 36706859 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Centaurea is a genus of winter weeds with a similar life cycle and competitive traits, which occurs in small-grains production fields in the central-southern of the Iberian Peninsula. However, most of herbicides recommended for weed management in wheat show poor control of Centaurea species. This study summarizes the biology, herbicide tolerance to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, and recommended chemical alternatives for the control of Centaurea species. Four species (C. cyanus L., C. diluta Aiton, C. melitensis L. and C. pullata L. subsp. baetica Talavera), taxonomically characterized, were found as the main important broadleaf weeds in small-grains production fields of the Iberian Peninsula. These species showed innate tolerance to tribenuron-methyl (TM), showing LD50 values (mortality of 50% of a population) higher than the field dose of TM (20 g ai ha-1). The order of tolerance was C. diluta (LD50 = 702 g ha-1) ≫ C. pullata (LD50 = 180 g ha-1) ≫ C. cyanus (LD50 = 65 g ha-1) > C. melitensis (LD50 = 32 g ha-1). Centaurea cyanus and C. melitensis presented higher foliar retention (150-180 μL herbicide solution), absorption (14-28%) and subsequent translocation (7-12%) of TM with respect to the other two species. Centaurea spp. plants were able to metabolize 14C-TM into non-toxic forms (hydroxylated OH-metsulfuron-methyl and conjugated-metsulfuron-methyl), with cytochrome P450 (Cyt-P450) monooxygenases being responsible for herbicide detoxification. Centaurea cyanus and C. mellitensis metabolized up to 25% of TM, while C. diluta and C. pullata metabolized more than 50% of the herbicide. Centaurea species showed 80-100% survival when treated with of florasulam, imazamox and/or metsulfuron-methyl, i.e., these weeds present cross-tolerance to ALS inhibitors. In contrast, auxin mimics herbicides (2,4-D, clopyralid, dicamba, fluroxypir and MCPA) efficiently controlled the four Centaurea species. In addition, the mixture of ALS-inhibitors and auxin mimics also proved to be an interesting alternative for the control of Centaurea. These results show that plants of the genus Centaurea found in the winter cereal fields of the Iberian Peninsula have an innate tolerance to TM and cross-resistance to other ALS-inhibiting herbicides, governed by reduced absorption and translocation, but mainly by the metabolization of the herbicide via Cyt-P450.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelario Palma-Bautista
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, 14014, Cordoba, Spain
| | - José G Vázquez-García
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Joao de Portugal
- Biosciences Department, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal; VALORIZA-Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Fernando Bastida
- Department of Agroforestry Sciences, Campus El Carmen, University of Huelva, 21007, Huelva, Spain
| | - Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Campus Lagoa Do Sino, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Buri, 18290-000, Brazil
| | - Maria D Osuna-Ruiz
- Plant Protection Department, Extremadura Scientific and Technological Research Center (CICYTEX), Ctra. de AV, Km 372, Badajoz, 06187, Guadajira, Spain
| | - Joel Torra
- Department D'Hortofructicultura, Botànica i Jardineria, Agrotecnio-CERCA Center, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rafael De Prado
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, UCO-CeiA3, 14014, Cordoba, Spain
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Casey A, Köcher T, Caygill S, Champion C, Bonnot C, Dolan L. Transcriptome changes in chlorsulfuron-treated plants are caused by acetolactate synthase inhibition and not induction of a herbicide detoxification system in Marchantia polymorpha. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:105370. [PMID: 36963939 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A sensing mechanism in mammals perceives xenobiotics and induces the transcription of genes encoding proteins that detoxify these molecules. However, it is unclear if plants sense xenobiotics, and activate an analogous signalling system leading to their detoxification. Using the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, we tested the hypothesis that there is a sensing system in plants that perceives herbicides resulting in the increased transcription of genes encoding proteins that detoxify these herbicides. Consistent with the hypothesis, we show that chlorsulfuron-treatment induces changes in the M. polymorpha transcriptome. However, these transcriptome changes do not occur in chlorsulfuron (CS)-treated target site resistant mutants, where the gene encoding the target carries a mutation that confers resistance to chlorsulfuron. Instead, we show that inactivation of the chlorsulfuron target, acetolactate synthase (ALS) (also known as acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS)), is required for the transcriptome response. These data demonstrate that the transcriptome changes in chlorsulfuron-treated plants are caused by disrupted amino acid synthesis and metabolism resulting from acetolactate synthase inhibition, and indicate that the transcriptome changes are not caused by a herbicide sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Casey
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom; Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr. Bohr-Gasse, 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Samuel Caygill
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom; Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr. Bohr-Gasse, 3, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Clément Champion
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Clémence Bonnot
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Dolan
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom; Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr. Bohr-Gasse, 3, Vienna 1030, Austria.
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Duan Y, Han M, Grimm M, Ponath J, Reichelt M, Mithöfer A, Schikora A. Combination of bacterial N-acyl homoserine lactones primes Arabidopsis defenses via jasmonate metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:2027-2044. [PMID: 36649188 PMCID: PMC10022612 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are important players in plant-bacteria interactions. Different AHL-producing bacteria can improve plant growth and resistance against plant pathogens. In nature, plants may host a variety of AHL-producing bacteria and frequently experience numerous AHLs at the same time. Therefore, a coordinated response to combined AHL molecules is necessary. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of AHL-priming using combined AHL molecules including N-(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone, N-3-oxo-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, and N-3-oxo-tetradecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and AHL-producing bacteria including Serratia plymuthica HRO-C48, Rhizobium etli CFN42, Burkholderia graminis DSM17151, and Ensifer meliloti (Sinorhizobium meliloti) Rm2011. We used transcriptome analysis, phytohormone measurements, as well as genetic and microbiological approaches to assess how the combination of structurally diverse AHL molecules influence Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Our findings revealed a particular response to a mixture of AHL molecules (AHL mix). Different expression patterns indicated that the reaction of plants exposed to AHL mix differs from that of plants exposed to single AHL molecules. In addition, different content of jasmonic acid (JA) and derivatives revealed that jasmonates play an important role in AHL mix-induced priming. The fast and stable decreased concentration of COOH-JA-Ile after challenge with the flagellin-derived peptide flg22 indicated that AHL mix modifies the metabolism of jasmonates. Study of various JA- and salicylic acid-related Arabidopsis mutants strengthened the notion that JA homeostasis is involved in AHL-priming. Understanding how the combination of AHLs primes plants for enhanced resistance has the potential to broaden our approaches in sustainable agriculture and will help to effectively protect plants against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Duan
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Messeweg 11/12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Min Han
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Messeweg 11/12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maja Grimm
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Messeweg 11/12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jessica Ponath
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI)—Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Messeweg 11/12, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
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Zhao Y, Ye F, Fu Y. Research Progress on the Action Mechanism of Herbicide Safeners: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3639-3650. [PMID: 36794646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide safeners are agricultural chemicals that protect crops from herbicide injury and improve the safety of herbicides and the effectiveness of weed control. Safeners induce and enhance the tolerance of crops to herbicides through the synergism of multiple mechanisms. The principal mechanism is that the metabolic rate of the herbicide in the crop is accelerated by safeners, resulting in the damaging concentration at the site of action being reduced. We focused on discussing and summarizing the multiple mechanisms of safeners to protect crops in this review. It is also emphasized how safeners alleviate herbicide phytotoxicity to crops by regulating the detoxification process and conducting perspectives on future research on the action mechanism of safeners at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Casey A, Dolan L. Genes encoding cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases associated with herbicide resistance evolved before the origin of land plants. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0273594. [PMID: 36800395 PMCID: PMC9937507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases (GST) are enzymes that catalyse chemical modifications of a range of organic compounds. Herbicide resistance has been associated with higher levels of CYP and GST gene expression in some herbicide-resistant weed populations compared to sensitive populations of the same species. By comparing the protein sequences of 9 representative species of the Archaeplastida-the lineage which includes red algae, glaucophyte algae, chlorophyte algae, and streptophytes-and generating phylogenetic trees, we identified the CYP and GST proteins that existed in the common ancestor of the Archaeplastida. All CYP clans and all but one land plant GST classes present in land plants evolved before the divergence of streptophyte algae and land plants from their last common ancestor. We also demonstrate that there are more genes encoding CYP and GST proteins in land plants than in algae. The larger numbers of genes among land plants largely results from gene duplications in CYP clans 71, 72, and 85 and in the GST phi and tau classes [1,2]. Enzymes that either metabolise herbicides or confer herbicide resistance belong to CYP clans 71 and 72 and the GST phi and tau classes. Most CYP proteins that have been shown to confer herbicide resistance are members of the CYP81 family from clan 71. These results demonstrate that the clan and class diversity in extant plant CYP and GST proteins had evolved before the divergence of land plants and streptophyte algae from a last common ancestor estimated to be between 515 and 474 million years ago. Then, early in embryophyte evolution during the Palaeozoic, gene duplication in four of the twelve CYP clans, and in two of the fourteen GST classes, led to the large numbers of CYP and GST proteins found in extant land plants. It is among the genes of CYP clans 71 and 72 and GST classes phi and tau that alleles conferring herbicide resistance evolved in the last fifty years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Casey
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Dolan
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Wu L, Wu C, Yang H, Yang J, Wang L, Zhou S. Proteomic Analysis Comparison on the Ecological Adaptability of Quinclorac-Resistant Echinochloa crus-galli. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:696. [PMID: 36840044 PMCID: PMC9968053 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) is the most serious weed threatening rice production, and its effects are aggravated by resistance to the quinclorac herbicide in the Chinese rice fields. This study conducted a comparative proteomic characterization of the quinclorac-treated and non-treated resistant and susceptible E. crus-galli using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). The results indicated that the quinclorac-resistant E. crus-galli had weaker photosynthesis and a weaker capacity to mitigate abiotic stress, which suggested its lower environmental adaptability. Quinclorac treatment significantly increased the number and expression of the photosynthesis-related proteins in the resistant E. crus-galli and elevated its photosynthetic parameters, indicating a higher photosynthetic rate compared to those of the susceptible E. crus-galli. The improved adaptability of the resistant E. crus-galli to quinclorac stress could be attributed to the observed up-regulated expression of eight herbicide resistance-related proteins and the down-regulation of two proteins associated with abscisic acid biosynthesis. In addition, high photosynthetic parameters and low glutathione thiotransferase (GST) activity were observed in the quinclorac-resistant E. crus-galli compared with the susceptible biotype, which was consistent with the proteomic sequencing results. Overall, this study demonstrated that the resistant E. crus-galli enhanced its adaptability to quinclorac by improving the photosynthetic efficiency and GST activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamei Wu
- Hunan Weed Science Key Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Can Wu
- Hunan Weed Science Key Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Haona Yang
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jiangshan Yang
- Hunan Weed Science Key Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Hunan Weed Science Key Laboratory, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Shangfeng Zhou
- Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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Liu L, Zheng S, Yang D, Zheng J. Genome-wide in silico identification of glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family members in fig ( Ficus carica L.) and expression characteristics during fruit color development. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14406. [PMID: 36718451 PMCID: PMC9884035 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), a large and diverse group of multi-functional enzymes (EC 2.5.1.18), are associated with cellular detoxification, various biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as secondary metabolites transportation. Here, 53 members of the FcGST gene family were screened from the genome database of fig (Ficus carica), which were further classified into five subfamilies, and the tau and phi were the major subfamilies. These genes were unevenly distributed over all the 13 chromosomes, and 12 tandem and one segmental duplication may contribute to this family expansion. Syntenic analysis revealed that FcGST shared closer genetic evolutionary origin relationship with species from the Ficus genus of the Moraceae family, such as F. microcarpa and F. hispida. The FcGST members of the same subfamily shared similar gene structure and motif distribution. The α helices were the chief structure element in predicted secondary and tertiary structure of FcGSTs proteins. GO and KEGG indicated that FcGSTs play multiple roles in glutathione metabolism and stress reactions as well as flavonoid metabolism. Predictive promoter analysis indicated that FcGSTs gene may be responsive to light, hormone, stress stimulation, development signaling, and regulated by MYB or WRKY. RNA-seq analysis showed that several FcGSTs that mainly expressed in the female flower tissue and peel during 'Purple-Peel' fig fruit development. Compared with 'Green Peel', FcGSTF1, and FcGSTU5/6/7 exhibited high expression abundance in the mature fruit purple peel. Additionally, results of phylogenetic sequences analysis, multiple sequences alignment, and anthocyanin content together showed that the expression changes of FcGSTF1, and FcGSTU5/6/7 may play crucial roles in fruit peel color alteration during fruit ripening. Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the GST gene family in fig, thus facilitating the further clarification of the molecular function and breeding utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbo Liu
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuxuan Zheng
- Xiayi Branch of Henan Agricultural Radio and Television School, Shangqiu, Henan, China
| | - Dekun Yang
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
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Relevance of the Exocyst in Arabidopsis exo70e2 Mutant for Cellular Homeostasis under Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010424. [PMID: 36613868 PMCID: PMC9820329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants must adapt to cope with adverse environmental conditions that affect their growth and development. To overcome these constraints, they can alter their developmental patterns by modulating cellular processes and activating stress-responsive signals. Alongside the activation of the antioxidant (AOX) system, a high number of genes are expressed, and proteins must be distributed to the correct locations within the cell. The endomembrane system and associated vesicles thus play an important role. Several pathways have been associated with adverse environmental conditions, which is the case for the exocyst-positive organelle-EXPO. The present work, using Arabidopsis mutants with T-DNA insertions in the gene EXO70, essential for EXPO vesicles formation, was designed to characterise the anatomical (morphology and root length), biochemical (quantification of stress markers and antioxidant system components), and molecular responses (gene expression) to abiotic stresses (saline, drought, oxidative, and metal-induced toxicity). The results obtained showed that mutant plants behave differently from the wild type (WT) plants. Therefore, in the exo70 mutant, morphological changes were more noticeable in plants under stress, and the non-enzymatic component of the antioxidant system was activated, with no alterations to the enzymatic component. Furthermore, other defence strategies, such as autophagy, did not show important changes. These results confirmed the EXPO as an important structure for tolerance/adaptation to stress.
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45
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Zhan Y, Liu H, Cao Z, Chen W, Li Z, Bai L, Pan L. Comparative analysis of fungal communities between herbicide-resistant and -susceptible Alopecurus aequalis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1094853. [PMID: 36619755 PMCID: PMC9816403 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alopecurus aequalis is a grass species invading Chinese canola and wheat fields. An A. aequalis KMN-R population surviving mesosulfuron-methyl treatment with recommended rates was acquired from wheatland. Here, we aimed to confirm the resistance profiles of KMN-R to acetolactate synthetase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides and explore the possible resistance mechanisms to mesosulfuron-methyl in this weed population. Methods The dose-response tests performed in our study were used to test the toxicity of A. aequalis to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Sanger sequencing was used to analyze the ALS gene of mesosulfuron-methyl -resistant and -susceptible A. aequalis. RNA sequencing analysis was used to find candidate genes that may confer metabolic resistance to the mesosulfuron-methyl in resistant A. aequalis population. Mesosulfuron-methyl -resistant and -susceptible A. aequalis populations fungal composition was measured via Illumina MiSeq Sequencing. Results Dose-response results indicated that KMN-R population evolved resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl and other tested ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Known resistance-conferring Trp-574-Leu gene mutation in A. aequalis ALS was detected in the KMN-R population. Pretreatment with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzoxadiazole reversed mesosulfuron-methyl resistance in KMN-R. Glutathione S-transferases (GST) gene GSTZ2 and GSTT3 were highly expressed in KMN-R population. In addition, we evaluated the alpha diversity in A. aequalis, centering on OTU abundance, equality, and multiplicity, and found that the fungal community composition had more unexplained variance between KMN-R and KMN-S A. aequalis. We also observed higher abundances of specific fungi in KMN-R A. aequalis. Discussion The results proved that resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl in A. aequalis KMN-R population is probably caused by target site- and non-target site-based relating GST and provided the basis for further research between fungal interaction and herbicide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lang Pan
- *Correspondence: Lang Pan, ; Lianyang Bai,
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Zhang Y, Chen L, Song W, Cang T, Xu M, Wu C. Diverse mechanisms associated with cyhalofop-butyl resistance in Chinese sprangletop ( Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees): Characterization of target-site mutations and metabolic resistance-related genes in two resistant populations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:990085. [PMID: 36518516 PMCID: PMC9742530 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.990085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of Chinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees) to the herbicide cyhalofop-butyl has recently become a severe problem in rice cultivation. However, the molecular mechanisms of target-site resistance (TSR) in cyhalofop-butyl-resistant L. chinensis as well as the underlying non-target-site resistance (NTSR) have not yet been well-characterized. This study aimed to investigate cyhalofop-butyl resistance mechanisms using one susceptible population (LC-S) and two resistant populations (LC-1701 and LC-1704) of L. chinensis. We analyzed two gene copies encoding the entire carboxyltransferase (CT) domain of chloroplastic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) from each population. Two non-synonymous substitutions were detected in the resistant L. chinensis populations (Trp2027-Cys in the ACCase1 of LC-1701 and Leu1818-Phe in the ACCase2 of LC-1704), which were absent in LC-S. As Trp2027-Cys confers resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides, the potential relationship between the novel Leu1818-Phe mutation and cyhalofop-butyl resistance in LC-1704 was further explored by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection. Metabolic inhibition assays indicated that cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) contributed to cyhalofop-butyl resistance in specific resistant populations. RNA sequencing showed that the P450 genes CYP71Z18, CYP71C4, CYP71C1, CYP81Q32, and CYP76B6 and the GST genes GSTF11, GSTF1, and GSTU6 were upregulated in at least one resistant population, which indicated their putative roles in cyhalofop-butyl resistance of L. chinensis. Correlation analyses revealed that the constitutive or inducible expression patterns of CYP71C4, CYP71C1, GSTF1, and GSTU6 in L. chinensis were strongly associated with the resistant phenotype. For this reason, attention should be directed towards these genes to elucidate metabolic resistance to cyhalofop-butyl in L. chinensis. The findings of this study improve the understanding of mechanisms responsible for resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in grass-weed species at the molecular level, thus aiding in the development of weed management strategies that delay the emergence of resistance to this class of pest control products.
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Modified Mycotoxins, a Still Unresolved Issue. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous microfungi on almost every agricultural commodity worldwide. After the infection of crop plants, mycotoxins are modified by plant enzymes or other fungi and often conjugated to more polar substances, like sugars. The formed—often less toxic—metabolites are stored in the vacuole in soluble form or bound to macromolecules. As these substances are usually not detected during routine analysis and no maximum limits are in force, they are called modified mycotoxins. While, in most cases, modified mycotoxins have lower intrinsic toxicity, they might be reactivated during mammalian metabolism. In particular, the polar group might be cleaved off (e.g., by intestinal bacteria), releasing the native mycotoxin. This review aims to provide an overview of the critical issues related to modified mycotoxins. The main conclusion is that analytical aspects, toxicological evaluation, and exposure assessment merit more investigation.
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Feng T, Peng Q, Wang L, Xie Y, Ouyang K, Li F, Zhou H, Ma H. Multiple resistance mechanisms to penoxsulam in Echinochloa crus-galli from China. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105211. [PMID: 36127055 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Penoxsulam is an important herbicide for the control of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. Two resistant populations 17GA (R1) and 16NXB (R2) showed 17- and 3-fold resistance to penoxsulam, respectively. A known resistance mutation of Trp-574-Leu in ALS gene and enhanced rates of penoxsulam metabolism likely involving GST contribute to penoxsulam resistance in R1 population. This population had resistance to the ALS-inhibitors pyribenzoxim and bispyribac‑sodium and the auxin herbicide quinclorac, but was susceptible to ACCase-inhibitors quizalofop-p-ethyl and cyhalofop-butyl. No known mutations in the ALS gene conferring target site resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides were presented in R2 population. However, penoxsulam metabolism in R2 plants was about 4-fold greater than in susceptible population 14YC (S0) plants. The enzyme inhibitors piperonyl butoxide, malathion and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzoxadiazole reversed penoxsulam resistance in this population. GST and P450 enzyme activities and the genes of GST1-1, GST1-2, GST1-3, CYP81A18, CYP81A12, CYP81A21 were increased significantly in R2 population. These results indicate that multiple resistance mechanisms had occurred in E. crus-galli populations in central China and resistance needs to be managed effectively by diverse chemical and non-chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangqi Feng
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuanli Xie
- General Station of Plant Protection, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Feile Li
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huazhong Zhou
- General Station of Plant Protection, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Hongju Ma
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China.
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Jia L, Zhao LX, Sun F, Peng J, Wang JY, Leng XY, Gao S, Fu Y, Ye F. Diazabicyclo derivatives as safeners protect cotton from injury caused by flumioxazin. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105185. [PMID: 36127047 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flumioxazin, a protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO; EC 1.3.3.4) inhibitor, has been used in soybean, cotton, grapes, and many other crops to control broad leaf weeds. Unfortunately, it can cause damage to cotton. To ameliorate phytotoxicity of flumioxazin to cotton, this work assessed the protective effects of diazabicyclo derivatives as potential safeners in cotton. A bioactivity assay proved that the phytotoxicity of flumioxazin on cotton was alleviated by some of the compounds. In particular, the activity of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) was significantly enhanced by Compound 32, which showed good safening activity against flumioxazin injury. The physicochemical properties and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) predictions proved that the pharmacokinetic properties of Compound 32 are similar to those of the commercial safener BAS 145138. The present work demonstrated that diazabicyclo derivatives are potentially efficacious as herbicide safeners, meriting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Jia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li-Xia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jia-Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin-Yu Leng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Gonçalves CG, Marques RF, de Marchi SR, Martins D. Effect of different soil water managements on the selectivity of fomesafen in conventional and RR soybean. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:786-795. [PMID: 36039634 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2116237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to study the selectivity of the herbicide fomesafen, sprayed at different growth stages of the conventional and RR soybean cultivars, under different soil water managements. Two soybean cultivars were used: MG/BR 46 Conquista (conventional) and BRS Valiosa (RR), submitted to the spraying of fomesafen at two phenological stages (V2-first open trefoil; V4-third open trefoil), under three soil water conditions (-0.03, -0.07, and -0.5 MPa). Under water scarcity conditions, soybean plants have lower visual phytotoxicity when subjected to the spraying of the herbicide fomesafen. There were anatomical differences between the leaf blades of the conventional (MG/BR 46 Conquista) and transgenic (BRS Valiosa - RR) cultivars, and the water scarcity changed the anatomy of the soybean plants. The condition of moderate water shortage (-0.07 MPa) led the conventional cultivar to present a lower development than the transgenic cultivar. The transgenic cultivar had a greater ability to sustain the biological nitrogen fixation under moderate water shortage conditions (-0.07 MPa) than the conventional cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clebson G Gonçalves
- School Plant & Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Virginia Polytech Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Ricardo F Marques
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal (Matologia), FCAV-Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Sidnei R de Marchi
- Departamento de Matologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso - UFMT, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Dagoberto Martins
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal (Matologia), FCAV-Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
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