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Vukoja M, Ćurlin M, Vukojević K, Jelić-Knezović N, Kolobarić A, Orlović Vlaho M, Šoljić V. Effect of Granzyme K, FasL and Interferon-γ Expression in Placentas with Preeclampsia. Biomedicines 2024; 12:842. [PMID: 38672196 PMCID: PMC11048069 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic activity of decidual lymphocytes and the mRNA/protein expression of cytotoxic proteins in various cell types in the context of preeclampsia (PE) compared to those of healthy pregnancies. We analyzed fresh decidua basalis tissue and tissue embedded in paraffin (FFPE) from PE pregnancies (n = 15) and compared them with those of healthy pregnancies (n = 15) of the corresponding gestational age. Using double immunofluorescence staining, we observed differences in the intensity and distribution of staining for granzyme K (GZMK) and FasL in extravillous trophoblasts. RT-qPCR analysis of FFPE placental tissue showed that GZMK mRNA expression was statistically higher (p < 0.0001) in PE compared to that of healthy controls. On the contrary, there was a low expression (p < 0.001) of FasL mRNA in PE compared to controls, while there was no statistically significant difference for IFN-γ mRNA between PE and controls. Although the level of cytotoxic activity changed depending on the ratio of effector and target cells, there was no significant difference observed between PE and controls in this in vitro study. In conclusion, in PE, extravillous trophoblasts exhibited increased expression of GZMK and decreased expression of FasL. These changes may contribute to impaired trophoblast invasion. However, these alterations did not appear to affect the cytotoxic properties of decidual lymphocytes. Additionally, the possibility of cell sorter separation of decidual lymphocytes would greatly contribute to a better understanding of single cells' genetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vukoja
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.V.); (A.K.); (V.Š.)
| | - Marina Ćurlin
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.Ć.); (M.O.V.)
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.V.); (A.K.); (V.Š.)
- Center for Translational Research in Biomedicine, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nevenka Jelić-Knezović
- School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Anita Kolobarić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.V.); (A.K.); (V.Š.)
| | - Martina Orlović Vlaho
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.Ć.); (M.O.V.)
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Violeta Šoljić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.V.); (A.K.); (V.Š.)
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bijeli Brijeg bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (M.Ć.); (M.O.V.)
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Mészáros B, Veres DS, Nagyistók L, Kovács BG, Kukor Z, Valent S. A meta-analysis on first-trimester blood count parameters-is the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio a potentially novel method for first-trimester preeclampsia screening? Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1336764. [PMID: 38633299 PMCID: PMC11021791 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1336764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Meta-analysis focusing on the role of first-trimester neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the prediction of preeclampsia. Data sources PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were queried from inception up to December 31, 2022. Study eligibility criteria The study included all types of original research that was conducted in humans and values of NLR were measured during the first trimester, among patients who later developed preeclampsia, compared to the values of control groups. Study appraisal and synthesis methods Two reviewers independently performed data abstraction and quality appraisal, and disagreements were resolved by consensus and, if necessary, by the opinion of a third reviewer. During the analysis, PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines were followed. All statistical analyses were made with R. Results For the research on the predictive role of NLR values in the first trimester for preeclampsia, a total of 6 studies were selected for analysis, covering 2,469 patients. The meta-analysis revealed a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the effect size of 0.641 to 1.523, with a prediction interval of 0.027 to 2.137. Conclusion Based on the analysis, NLR is a promising biochemical marker for future pieces of research that try to find new screening methods for first-trimester preeclampsia. We encourage other researchers to examine NLR's predictive value combined with other markers in preeclampsia screening, this way being able to find new and affordable protocols for first-trimester preeclampsia screening. Systematic review registration identifier CRD42023392663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Mészáros
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel S. Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Nagyistók
- Dél-Pest Centrum Hospital National Hematology and Infectious Diseases Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence G. Kovács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kukor
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Valent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Yasmin H, Agostinis C, Toffoli M, Roy T, Pegoraro S, Balduit A, Zito G, Di Simone N, Ricci G, Madan T, Kishore U, Bulla R. Protective role of complement factor H against the development of preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1351898. [PMID: 38464530 PMCID: PMC10920295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1351898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is an immunologically regulated, complex process. A tightly controlled complement system plays a crucial role in the successful establishment of pregnancy and parturition. Complement inhibitors at the feto-maternal interface are likely to prevent inappropriate complement activation to protect the fetus. In the present study, we aimed to understand the role of Factor H (FH), a negative regulator of complement activation, in normal pregnancy and in a model of pathological pregnancy, i.e. preeclampsia (PE). The distribution and expression of FH was investigated in placental tissues, various placental cells, and in the sera of healthy (CTRL) or PE pregnant women via immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, ELISA, and Western blot. Our results showed a differential expression of FH among the placental cell types, decidual stromal cells (DSCs), decidual endothelial cells (DECs), and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). Interestingly, FH was found to be considerably less expressed in the placental tissues of PE patients compared to normal placental tissue both at mRNA and protein levels. Similar results were obtained by measuring circulating FH levels in the sera of third trimester CTRL and PE mothers. Syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles, isolated from the placental tissues of PE and CTRL women, downregulated FH expression by DECs. The present study appears to suggest that FH is ubiquitously present in the normal placenta and plays a homeostatic role during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadida Yasmin
- Immunology and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Chiara Agostinis
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Miriam Toffoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tamali Roy
- Immunology and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Balduit
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriella Zito
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Taruna Madan
- Department of Innate Immunity, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (NIRRCH), Mumbai, India
| | - Uday Kishore
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, U.A.E. University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Varghese B, Joy CA, Josyula JVN, Jangili S, Talukdar RK, Mutheneni SR, Adela R. Machine learning-based protein signatures for differentiating hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:2513-2526. [PMID: 37328693 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01348-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) result in major maternal and fetal complications. Our study aimed to find a panel of protein markers to identify HDP by applying machine-learning models. The study was conducted on a total of 133 samples, divided into four groups, healthy pregnancy (HP, n = 42), gestational hypertension (GH, n = 67), preeclampsia (PE, n = 9), and ante-partum eclampsia (APE, n = 15). Thirty circulatory protein markers were measured using Luminex multiplex immunoassay and ELISA. Significant markers were screened for potential predictive markers by both statistical and machine-learning approaches. Statistical analysis found seven markers such as sFlt-1, PlGF, endothelin-1(ET-1), basic-FGF, IL-4, eotaxin and RANTES to be altered significantly in disease groups compared to healthy pregnant. Support vector machine (SVM) learning model classified GH and HP with 11 markers (eotaxin, GM-CSF, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, ET-1, sFlt-1) and HDP with 13 markers (eotaxin, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, MCP-1, MIP-1β, RANTES, ET-1, sFlt-1). While logistic regression (LR) model classified PE with 13 markers (basic FGF, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-7, IL-9, MIP-1β, RANTES, TNF-alpha, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, ET-1, PlGF, sFlt-1) and APE by 12 markers (eotaxin, basic-FGF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, PDGF-BB, RANTES, PlGF). These markers may be used to diagnose the progression of healthy pregnant to a hypertensive state. Future longitudinal studies with large number of samples are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bincy Varghese
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Sila katamur Village, Changsari, Assam, India
| | - Chippy Anna Joy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Sila katamur Village, Changsari, Assam, India
| | | | - Shraddha Jangili
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - R K Talukdar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, India
| | - Srinivas Rao Mutheneni
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramu Adela
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Sila katamur Village, Changsari, Assam, India.
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Wu L, Liu D, Fang X, Zhang Y, Guo N, Lu F, Kwak-Kim J, Wang Y. Increased serum IL-12 levels are associated with adverse IVF outcomes. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 159:103990. [PMID: 37451158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm labor, and recurrent pregnancy losses. This study aimed to determine whether a high serum level of IL-12 was associated with adverse in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. Included infertile women with high serum IL-12 levels who underwent IVF cycles and infertile controls with pure tubal etiology. The impact of serum IL-12 on baseline and clinical characteristics, immune-related indicators, IVF laboratory, and pregnancy outcomes were compared. In addition, the correlation of follicular fluid IL-12 and serum IL-12 level and the role of IL-12 in apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) was investigated. Women with high serum IL-12 levels had lower numbers of retrieved oocytes, embryos, perfect and available embryos, lower rates of perfect and available embryos, and blastocyst formation. Additionally, significantly higher levels of serum Th1, Th2, and Th17-related cytokines were observed in women with high serum IL-12 levels than in the controls. Meanwhile, the follicular fluid IL-12 levels were positively correlated with serum IL-12 levels, and IL-12 promoted apoptosis of GCs in vitro. We concluded that women with serum high IL-12 levels may have adverse IVF outcomes, partly by promoting apoptosis of GCs. Therefore, early screening for cytokines, especially IL-12, and appropriate consultation for couples receiving IVF-ET should be considered. In addition, specific immune and inflammatory mechanisms associated with high serum IL-12 levels should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuhui Fang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fangting Lu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Joanne Kwak-Kim
- Reproductive Medicine and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Sciences Department, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Vernon Hills, IL 60061, USA; Center for Cancer Cell Biology, Immunology and Infection Diseases, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Yanshi Wang
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Dangat K, Wadhwani N, Randhir K, Poddar A, Gupte S, Wagh G, Lalwani S, Joshi S. Longitudinal profile of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in women with pre-eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13741. [PMID: 37491921 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker for inflammation and its role as a possible biomarker for an early prediction of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unclear. The present study investigates the levels of high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) longitudinally across pregnancy in women with PE and compares them to women without PE (non-PE). METHOD OF STUDY A total of 324 pregnant women [216 non-PE and 108 PE women] were included in this study. Maternal blood was taken at four different intervals (V1 = 11-14 weeks, V2 = 18-22 weeks, V3 = 26-28 weeks, and V4 = at delivery). RESULTS Maternal serum hs-CRP levels were higher at V1, V2, and V3 (p < .05 for all) in the PE group compared to the non-PE group. The hs-CRP levels were associated with maternal blood pressure throughout pregnancy. Maternal hs-CRP levels did not differ among early and late onset PE. Higher maternal hs-CRP levels were associated with the increased risk of PE in unadjusted model in early pregnancy. However, there was no significance after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest although the levels of hs-CRP were higher in PE in early pregnancy, they are not associated with an increased risk of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Dangat
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nisha Wadhwani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Karuna Randhir
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anupam Poddar
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Gupte
- Gupte Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Girija Wagh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Lalwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Bharati Medical College and Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Guan X, Fu Y, Liu Y, Cui M, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Li C, Zhao J, Wang C, Song J, Dong J. The role of inflammatory biomarkers in the development and progression of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156039. [PMID: 37325643 PMCID: PMC10266420 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Among the potential pathogenesis discussed, inflammation is considered an essential initiator of PE. Previous studies have compared the levels of various inflammatory biomarkers that indicate the existence of PE; however, the relative levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers and their dynamic changes during PE progression remain unclear. This knowledge is essential to explain the occurrence and progression of the disease. Objective We aimed to identify the relationship between inflammatory status and PE using inflammatory biomarkers as indicators. We also discussed the underlying mechanism by which inflammatory imbalance contributes to PE by comparing the relative levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, we identified additional risk factors for PE. Methods We reviewed PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for articles published until 15th September 2022. Original articles that investigated inflammatory biomarkers in PE and normal pregnancy were included. We selected healthy pregnant women as controls. The inflammatory biomarkers in the case and control groups were expressed as standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. Results Thirteen articles that investigated 2,549 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Patients with PE had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) than the controls. CRP and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were higher than those of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Patients with gestational age > 34 weeks had significantly higher IL-6 and TNF levels. Patients with higher systolic blood pressure had significantly higher IL-8, IL-10, and CRP levels. Conclusion Inflammatory imbalance is an independent risk factor for PE development. Impairment of the anti-inflammatory system is a crucial initiating factor for PE development. Failed autoregulation, manifested as prolonged exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines, leads to PE progression. Higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers suggest more severe symptoms, and pregnant women after 34 weeks of gestation are more susceptible to PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Guan
- School of Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanwen Fu
- School of Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxuan Cui
- School of Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Caishun Zhang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiarun Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Clinical Medicine Department of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Special Medicine Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Physiology Department, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Relationship of Serum IL-12 to Inflammation, Hematoma Volume, and Prognosis in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:8688413. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8688413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. Inflammatory cascades and hematomas after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) cause brain tissue and neuronal damage. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) promotes brain inflammation, and regulates coagulation mediated by red blood cells and platelets. This study was designed to investigate the relationship of serum IL-12 to inflammation, hematoma volume, and prognosis in ICH patients. Methods. We recruited patients with ICH within 12 hours of symptom onset (n = 209) and measured their serum IL-12 levels. Patients with an increased National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score ≥4 were defined as early neurological deterioration, and modified rankin scale (mRS) score >2 at 3 months after intracerebral hemorrhage was defined as poor prognosis. Results. Levels of serum IL-12 was positively correlated with the admission of NIHSS scores (r = 0.535,
), hematoma volume (r = 0.608,
), serum CRP levels (r = 0.561,
), and serum TNF-α levels (r = 0.533,
) in 209 cases ICH patients. Levels of IL-12 in ICH patients with early neurological deterioration (median: 82.9 versus 65.8,
) or with poor prognosis (median: 79.0 versus 65.3,
) were all significantly higher than those in other ICH patients. In addition, serum IL-12 levels could be used to differentiate ICH patients at risk for early neurological deterioration with an AUC of 0.788 (95% CI: 0.717–0.858) or ICH patients at risk for suffering from an unfavorable outcome with an AUC of 0.787 (95% CI: 0.722–0.851). Conclusion. Elevated admission serum IL-12 levels are closely related to the inflammation, hematoma volume, and prognosis in ICH patients. Substantializing serum IL-12 levels is a prognostic biomarker for ICH.
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Distinct gene expression patterns for CD14++ and CD16++ monocytes in preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15469. [PMID: 36104441 PMCID: PMC9474473 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious gestational complication affecting the life of a mother and child. The immunophenotype and gene expression profile of isolated blood monocyte subpopulations of pregnant women with PE have not been studied before. In this work, we assessed changes in CD14++ and CD16++ monocyte subpopulations in PE and physiological pregnancy (n = 33). Immunophenotyping, immunomagnetic sorting of monocytes and analysis of the transcriptional profile of their genes were carried out. The percentage of classical monocytes was significantly lower, while the intermediate fraction of monocytes was significantly higher in late-onset PE compared to control. Transcriptome analysis of late-onset PE classical CD14++ monocytes revealed significant activation of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling pathways; apoptosis; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress and others. The most suppressed signalling pathways were associated with T cell activation and selection. In CD16++ monocytes of late-onset PE cases, positive regulation of cell–cell adhesion, integrin signalling pathway, blood coagulation cascade were the most activated ones. The inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling pathway and p53 pathway were the most down-regulated in CD16++ monocytes. The obtained results indicate profound changes occurring to two most polar monocyte subpopulations in PE and their different roles in the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Sahin E, Madendag Y, Eraslan Sahin M, Col Madendag I, Kirlangic MM, Muhtaroglu S. Evaluation of maternal serum progesterone-induced blocking factor levels in pregnancies complicated with early- and late-onset preeclampsia. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:1991-1995. [PMID: 35648816 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2056832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to evaluate maternal serum progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) levels in pregnancies complicated with early-onset (EO-PE) and late-onset (LO-PE) preeclampsia. Patients with preeclampsia were divided in two groups according to preeclampsia onset and compared to healthy control group: EO-PE and LO-PE defined as being diagnosed before 340/7 and ≥340/7 weeks, respectively. Maternal age, nulliparity, BMI at blood sampling, smoking, history of caesarean section and ethnicity were statistically similar among the groups. Statistically significant differences were found between the eo-PE and lo-PE preeclampsia groups in terms of gestational age at delivery, mean birth-weight percentile and foetal growth restriction rates. The mean serum PIBF level was 528.6 ± 220 ng/mL in the eo-PE and 615.3 ± 269.1 ng/mL in the lo-PE preeclampsia and 782.3 ± 292.4 ng/mL in the control groups; the difference among groups was statistically significant. Our results indicated that decreased PIBF levels play an important immunologic role in preeclampsia onset. IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Maternal lymphocytes secrete PIBF that provides the immunological effects of progesterone during pregnancy by activating T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells and inhibiting any activated uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. The recent studies results have shown that there is disproportion in the Th1/Th2 rate in women with preeclampsia. This purports that Th1-mediated immunity is promoted through Th2-mediated immunity, which can be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.What do the results of this study add? In this study we found that PIBF levels in maternal serum were significantly lower in the EO-PE group than in LO-PE and control group. Our results indicated that decreased PIBF levels play an important immunologic role in preeclampsia onset.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? We can speculate that first trimester maternal serum PIBF levels may be a useful biomarker for prediction of EO-PE. Using serum PIBF levels within the first trimester combined with Doppler values for the uterine artery, and some biochemical markers to predict onset and severity of preeclampsia appear to be a new screening method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Sahin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erciyes University Medicine Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Madendag
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erciyes University Medicine Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Ilknur Col Madendag
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Mete Kirlangic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tuzla Government Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Muhtaroglu
- Department of Biochemistry Clinic, Erciyes University Medicine Facility, Kayseri, Turkey
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TAŞ F, ERDEMCİ F, AŞIR F, MARAŞLI M, DEVECİ E. Histopathological examination of the placenta after delivery in pregnant women with COVID-19. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1100731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 is a viral disease generated by a new coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2. The consequences of this virus on the human placenta and the newborn are still unclear. IL-6 can disturb the placenta's immunological homeostasis and be employed as an inflammatory marker for the poor prognosis of COVID-19 infection. Bax has some features like being a key protein regulating apoptotic mechanisms and plays an important role in both maintaining dynamic balance and integrity in the placenta as in many tissues. This study aims to indicate the impact of COVID-19 on inflammation and apoptotic pathways in the placenta by using IL-6 and Bax antibodies.
Material and Method: COVID-19 positive (n:10) and COVID-19 negative (n:10) normotensive placentas were included. Haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining (IL-6 and Bax antibodies) were applied. Statistical data of immunohistochemical (IL-6 and Bax expression) staining results were assessed by analyzing the H-score. Biochemical parameters were recorded. Group means were analyzed with a nonparametric Kruskal Wallis Test.
Results: In the COVID-19 group, increased syncytial knots, fibrin deposition, inflammation, fibrinoid necrosis, neutrophil accumulation were observed. The COVID-19 group had considerably higher levels of IL-6 and Bax expression than the control group. Furthermore, COVID-19 patients had statistically lower WBC and higher CRP values than normotensive patients.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has been linked to placental inflammation and trophoblast cell damage, both of which can result in major maternal and fetal problems during pregnancy. We found intense IL-6 expression in the placentas of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection. A rise in IL-6 levels triggers CRP production, and this increase is linked to the severity of COVID-19 as a risk factor. Also, we suggested that COVID-19 infection triggers the apoptotic process in placental tissue by increasing the expression of the proapoptotic Bax protein. It is clinically very significant to follow up COVID-19 positive pregnancies for maternal and fetal health. During this follow-up, IL-6 and Bax expression levels in the placenta, together with histopathological findings and serum CRP levels, can guide the evaluation of the prognosis, severity and response to treatment of the disease.
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12
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Liu YH, Zheng L, Cheng C, Li SN, Shivappa N, Hebert JR, Fu WJ, Zhao XL, Cao Y, Dou WF, Chen HN, Duan DD, Lyu QJ, Zeng FF. Dietary inflammatory index, inflammation biomarkers and preeclampsia risk: a hospital-based case-control study. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-9. [PMID: 35581673 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522001489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the association between inflammatory diets as measured by the Dietary Inflammatory index (DII), inflammation biomarkers and the development of preeclampsia among the Chinese population. We followed the reporting guidelines of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement for observational studies. A total of 466 preeclampsia cases aged over 18 years were recruited between March 2016 and June 2019, and 466 healthy controls were 1:1 ratio matched by age (±3 years), week of gestation (±1 week) and gestational diabetes mellitus. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed based on dietary intake assessed using a seventy-nine item semiquantitative FFQ. Inflammatory biomarkers were analysed by ELISA kits. The mean E-DII scores were -0·65 ± 1·58 for cases and -1·19 ± 1·47 for controls (P value < 0·001). E-DII scores positively correlated with interferon-γ (r s = 0·194, P value = 0·001) and IL-4 (r s = 0·135, P value = 0·021). After multivariable adjustment, E-DII scores were positively related to preeclampsia risk (Ptrend < 0·001). The highest tertile of E-DII was 2·18 times the lowest tertiles (95 % CI = 1·52, 3·13). The odds of preeclampsia increased by 30 % (95 % CI = 18 %, 43 %, P value < 0·001) for each E-DII score increase. The preeclampsia risk was positively associated with IL-2 (OR = 1·07, 95 % CI = 1·03, 1·11), IL-4 (OR = 1·26, 95 % CI = 1·03, 1·54) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) (OR = 1·17, 95 % CI = 1·06, 1·29). Therefore, proinflammatory diets, corresponding to higher IL-2, IL-4 and TGF-β levels, were associated with increased preeclampsia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Na Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, USA
| | - James R Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA; Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, USA
| | - Wen-Jun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Lan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Feng Dou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Nan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Duan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Luoyang New Area People's Hospital, Luoyang471023, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan-Jun Lyu
- Department of Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang-Fang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou510632, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Are alterations in estradiol, cortisol, and inflammatory cytokines associated with depression during pregnancy and postpartum? An exploratory study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 16:100309. [PMID: 34589801 PMCID: PMC8474549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant veterans are a subpopulation known to be at elevated risk of developing mental health symptoms, such as depression and suicidal ideation. Inflammation has been associated with depression, specifically during the perinatal period. Critical changes in estradiol, cortisol, and inflammatory cytokines are necessary for the progression of a healthy pregnancy, which are then rapidly altered in the postpartum period. We explored changes in estradiol, cortisol, and pro-inflammatory cytokines relative to depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts across pregnancy and postpartum in this pilot and feasibility study. Methods We measured estradiol, cortisol, and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in 18 pregnant veterans and analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, dependent t-tests, and correlation analyses. We assessed depression severity with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and suicidality with the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Thirteen of the women repeated assessments in the early postpartum period at an average of 6.7 weeks after birth. Results As anticipated, estradiol (t(12) = 12.47, p < .001) and cortisol (t(12) = 9.43, p < .001) significantly decreased from pregnancy to postpartum. There were no differences in the means of gestational and postpartum IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, or IFN-γ, but IL-8 was significantly increased from pregnancy to postpartum (t(12) = -4.60, p = .001). Estradiol during pregnancy was positively correlated with IL-6 levels both during pregnancy (r p = .656, p = .008) and postpartum (r = 0.648, p = .023). Elevated IL-1β was associated with suicidal thoughts during pregnancy (r = 0.529, p = .029). Although not statistically significant, depressive symptom severity trended towards a positive association with larger increases in IL-1β (r = 0.535, p = .09) and TNF-α (r = 0.501, p = .08) from pregnancy to postpartum. Conclusion This preliminary study suggests the feasibility of our approach for exploring a complex interplay between hormonal and pro-inflammatory changes from pregnancy to postpartum, and their relationship with depressive symptoms. Given our small sample and the relatively exploratory nature of our analyses, additional investigation focusing on hormonal and inflammatory changes and their potential associations with perinatal mental health is necessary to confirm and extend our preliminary findings and examine additional potential covariates.
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Cord blood levels of interleukin-10 decrease in neonates with increased birth weight: novel implications of the cytokine network in early obesity. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:2529-2537. [PMID: 33959818 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) are associated with body weight alterations in children, adolescents, and adults. However, little is known regarding the role of IL-10 and IFN-gamma in birth weight of neonates. One hundred eighty-two infants were enrolled and divided in groups of normal birth weight (< 95th percentile) or increased birth weight (> 95th percentile) for gestational age. IL-10 and IFN-gamma levels were measured in umbilical cord tissue and blood of newborns by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The average value of birth weight in infants below and above the 95th percentile was 3.03±0.39 and 3.58±0.37 kg, respectively, and was independent of the mother's pre-gestational body mass index. The Student t test revealed that neonates with birth weights > 95th percentile show a significant 30% decrease in cord blood values of IL-10 as compared to infants with birth weights < 95th percentile (P<0.0001), with no significant changes in IFN-gamma levels (P=0.1661). Cord blood IL-10 was not of maternal origin but produced by umbilical cord tissue that showed less IL-10 expression in neonates with birth weights > 95th percentile than in infants with birth weights < 95th percentile (P=0.0252). Cord blood levels of IL-10 exhibited significant inverse correlations with birth weight (r = - 0.658, P=0.002) and INF-gamma (r = - 0.502, P=0.005).Conclusion: In conclusion, this work demonstrates for the first time that cord blood IL-10 decreases as birth weight increases in infants born at term and might help to improve early recognition of newborns at higher risk of developing obesity in childhood or adulthood. What is Known: • Reduction in interleukin-10 levels has been associated with obesity in adolescents and adults but not newborns. • The number of neonates with excess birth weight has alarmingly increased in the last 30 years. What is New: • We demonstrate that umbilical cord blood levels of interleukin-10 clearly decrease as birth weight increases. • Interleukin-10 and interferon-gamma integrate a cytokine network that might play a role in obesity in infants.
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15
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Spence T, Allsopp PJ, Yeates AJ, Mulhern MS, Strain JJ, McSorley EM. Maternal Serum Cytokine Concentrations in Healthy Pregnancy and Preeclampsia. J Pregnancy 2021; 2021:6649608. [PMID: 33680514 PMCID: PMC7925069 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6649608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The maternal immune response is essential for successful pregnancy, promoting immune tolerance to the fetus while maintaining innate and adaptive immunity. Uncontrolled, increased proinflammatory responses are a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The Th1/Th2 cytokine shift theory, characterised by bias production of Th2 anti-inflammatory cytokine midgestation, was frequently used to reflect the maternal immune response in pregnancy. This theory is simplistic as it is based on limited information and does not consider the role of other T cell subsets, Th17 and Tregs. A range of maternal peripheral cytokines have been measured in pregnancy cohorts, albeit the changes in individual cytokine concentrations across gestation is not well summarised. Using available data, this review was aimed at summarising changes in individual maternal serum cytokine concentrations throughout healthy pregnancy and evaluating their association with preeclampsia. We report that TNF-α increases as pregnancy progresses, IL-8 decreases in the second trimester, and IL-4 concentrations remain consistent throughout gestation. Lower second trimester IL-10 concentrations may be an early predictor for developing preeclampsia. Proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-8, and IL-6) are significantly elevated in preeclampsia. More research is required to determine the usefulness of using cytokines, particularly IL-10, as early biomarkers of pregnancy health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Spence
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Philip J. Allsopp
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alison J. Yeates
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maria S. Mulhern
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J. J. Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Emeir M. McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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Vishnyakova P, Poltavets A, Nikitina M, Muminova K, Potapova A, Vtorushina V, Loginova N, Midiber K, Mikhaleva L, Lokhonina A, Khodzhaeva Z, Pyregov A, Elchaninov A, Fatkhudinov T, Sukhikh G. Preeclampsia: inflammatory signature of decidual cells in early manifestation of disease. Placenta 2021; 104:277-283. [PMID: 33472135 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific complication characterized by hypertension in combination with proteinuria and/or various manifestations of multiple organ failure. It is believed that etiology of preeclampsia lies in dysfunction of the placenta and disorder of the maternal-fetal interactions. In preeclampsia decidual membrane, the maternal part of the placenta which normally supports immunological tolerance of the maternal organism to the semi-allogeneic fetus, becomes a site of inflammation. METHODS The aim of our study was to characterize the phenotype of decidual macrophages and plasma profiles in patients with late- and early-onset preeclampsia as compared with controls (n = 43). Decidual cells were obtained by enzymatic digestion method and characterized by flow cytometry analysis, real-time PCR, bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Plasma samples were analyzed by multiplex assay. RESULTS The number of inflammation-associated CD86+ and CX3CR1+ cells was significantly higher in the early-onset preeclampsia while the portion of CD163+ cells was significantly higher among studied groups. We observed significant increase of endothelin-1 gene expression and a significant decrease in eNOS and GNB3 expression and TGFβ relative protein level in decidual cells of the early-onset preeclampsia samples. We also revealed elevation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma of preeclampsia groups. DISCUSSION Our findings reflect profound early-onset preeclampsia-associated alterations in the decidua and emphasize the importance of the decidua as a link in the development of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vishnyakova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A Poltavets
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Nikitina
- Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Muminova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Potapova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Vtorushina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Loginova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Midiber
- Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Moscow, Russia
| | - L Mikhaleva
- Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Lokhonina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Z Khodzhaeva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Pyregov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Fatkhudinov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Moscow, Russia
| | - G Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Moscow, Russia
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Dunk CE, van Dijk M, Choudhury R, Wright TJ, Cox B, Leavey K, Harris LK, Jones RL, Lye SJ. Functional Evaluation of STOX1 (STORKHEAD-BOX PROTEIN 1) in Placentation, Preeclampsia, and Preterm Birth. Hypertension 2020; 77:475-490. [PMID: 33356399 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Revaluation of the association of the STOX1 (STORKHEAD_BOX1 PROTEIN 1) transcription factor mutation (Y153H, C allele) with the early utero-vascular origins of placental pathology is warranted. To investigate if placental STOX1 Y153H genotype affects utero-vascular remodeling-compromised in both preterm birth and preeclampsia-we utilized extravillous trophoblast (EVT) explant and placental decidual coculture models, transfection of STOX1 wild-type and mutant plasmids into EVT-like trophoblast cell lines, and a cohort of 75 placentas from obstetric pathologies. Primary EVT and HTR8/SVneo cells carrying STOX1 Y153H secreted lower levels of IL (interleukin) 6, and IL-8, and higher CXCL16 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 16) and TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) than wild-type EVT and Swan71 cells. Media from wild-type EVT or Swan71 cells transfected with wild-type STOX1 stimulated: endothelial chemokine expression, angiogenesis, and decidual natural killer cell and monocyte migration. In contrast, Y153H EVT conditioned medium, Swan71 transfected with the Y153H plasmid, or HTR8/SVneo media had no effect. Genotyping of placental decidual cocultures demonstrated association of the placental STOX1 CC allele with failed vascular remodeling. Decidual GG NODAL R165H increased in failed cocultures carrying the placental CC alleles of STOX1. Multivariate analysis of the placental cohort showed that the STOX1 C allele correlated with premature birth, with or without severe early-onset preeclampsia, and small for gestational age babies. In conclusion, placental STOX1 Y153H is a precipitating factor in preterm birth and placental preeclampsia due to defects in early utero-placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Dunk
- From the Research Centre for Women's and Infants' Health, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada (C.E.D., S.J.L.)
| | - Marie van Dijk
- Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands (M.V.D.)
| | - Ruhul Choudhury
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (R.C., L.K.H., R.L.J.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom (R.C., L.K.H., R.L.J.)
| | - Thomas J Wright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kensington Eye Institute (T.J.W.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian Cox
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine (B.C., K.L., S.J.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Katherine Leavey
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine (B.C., K.L., S.J.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Lynda K Harris
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (R.C., L.K.H., R.L.J.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Pharmacy and Optometry (L.K.H.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom (R.C., L.K.H., R.L.J.)
| | - Rebecca L Jones
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (R.C., L.K.H., R.L.J.), University of Manchester, United Kingdom.,Academic Health Science Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom (R.C., L.K.H., R.L.J.)
| | - Stephen J Lye
- From the Research Centre for Women's and Infants' Health, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada (C.E.D., S.J.L.).,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine (B.C., K.L., S.J.L.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine (S.J.L.), University of Toronto, Canada
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18
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Aneman I, Pienaar D, Suvakov S, Simic TP, Garovic VD, McClements L. Mechanisms of Key Innate Immune Cells in Early- and Late-Onset Preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1864. [PMID: 33013837 PMCID: PMC7462000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a complex cardiovascular disorder of pregnancy with underlying multifactorial pathogeneses; however, its etiology is not fully understood. It is characterized by the new onset of maternal hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation, accompanied by proteinuria, maternal organ damage, and/or uteroplacental dysfunction. Preeclampsia can be subdivided into early- and late-onset phenotypes (EOPE and LOPE), diagnosed before 34 weeks or from 34 weeks of gestation, respectively. Impaired placental development in early pregnancy and subsequent growth restriction is often associated with EOPE, while LOPE is associated with maternal endothelial dysfunction. The innate immune system plays an essential role in normal progression of physiological pregnancy and fetal development. However, inappropriate or excessive activation of this system can lead to placental dysfunction or poor maternal vascular adaptation and contribute to the development of preeclampsia. This review aims to comprehensively outline the mechanisms of key innate immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, and innate B1 cells, in normal physiological pregnancy, EOPE and LOPE. The roles of the complement system, syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are also discussed in the context of innate immune system regulation and preeclampsia. The outlined molecular mechanisms, which represent potential therapeutic targets, and associated emerging treatments, are evaluated as treatments for preeclampsia. Therefore, by addressing the current understanding of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of EOPE and LOPE, this review will contribute to the body of research that could lead to the development of better diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies. Importantly, it will delineate the differences in the mechanisms of the innate immune system in two different types of preeclampsia, which is necessary for a more personalized approach to the monitoring and treatment of affected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Aneman
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dillan Pienaar
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonja Suvakov
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tatjana P. Simic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna D. Garovic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lana McClements
- Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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19
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Romão-Veiga M, Bannwart-Castro CF, Borges VTM, Golim MA, Peraçoli JC, Peraçoli MTS. Increased TLR4 pathway activation and cytokine imbalance led to lipopolysaccharide tolerance in monocytes from preeclamptic women. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 21:159-165. [PMID: 32535227 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy syndrome characterized by a systemic inflammatory response, and endogenous activation of monocytes. This study aimed to determine whether the activation of monocytes from preeclamptic women might interfere with the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-in vitro stimulation. Fifty-two preeclamptic women and 32 normotensive (NT) pregnant women were included. Monocytes from peripheral blood were cultured with or without LPS. TLR4 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry, NF-κB activity was determined in nuclear extracts and cytokines production was evaluated by ELISA. Endogenous TLR4 ligands such as Hyaluronan, HMGB1 and Hsp70 were determined in plasma. The endogenous TLR4 expression and activation of NF-κB were statistically higher in monocytes from women with PE compared to NT group. Early-onset PE showed higher TLR4 expression compared to late-onset PE. Plasma levels of Hyaluronan, HMGB1, and Hsp70, as well as endogenous production of inflammatory cytokines, were elevated whilst lower production of IL-10 was observed in the PE group. After culture with LPS, monocytes presented lower NF-κB activation, TNF-α and IL-12 production in PE groups than in the NT group. The study demonstrates endogenous activation of monocytes from preeclamptic women, accompanied by higher expression of TLR4, NF-κB activation and elevated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The higher plasma levels of the TLR4 ligands hyaluronan, HMGB1 and hsp70, as well as the high concentration of TNF-α endogenously produced by monocytes, could induce the LPS tolerance phenomenon in these cells. These results suggest that monocytes play an important role in the maternal excessive systemic inflammatory response in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Romão-Veiga
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu São Paulo State University, Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marjorie Assis Golim
- Division of Hemocenter - Botucatu São Paulo State University, Medical School, Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Peraçoli
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu São Paulo State University, Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Terezinha Serrão Peraçoli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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20
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Expression imbalance of IL-17/IL-35 in peripheral blood and placental tissue of pregnant women in preeclampsia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 59:409-414. [PMID: 32416889 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The possible mechanism of preeclampsia is investigated in this study to facilitate the exploration of the future remediation of this disease by analysing the changes of IL-17 and IL-35 in peripheral blood and placental tissue of pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted using 45 healthy pregnant women as the control group and 90 pregnant women in the preeclampsia group, including 45 cases with severe preeclampsia and 45 cases with mild preeclampsia. All of 135 pregnant women underwent caesarean delivery. IL-17 and IL-35 concentrations in the serum were measured by ELISA, and IL-17 and IL-35 expression in placental specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in age among the three study groups. Serum IL-17 levels were significantly higher in PE patients than in healthy pregnant women (P < 0.01). The ratio of positive staining for IL-17 was markedly higher in mild PE tissues (84.44%; 38/45) and severe PE tissues (86.67%; 39/45) than in healthy pregnant tissues (35.56%; 16/45) (P < 0.01). The strong positive rates for IL-17 were markedly higher in mild PE tissues (48.89%; 22/45) and severe PE tissues (68.89%; 31/45) than in healthy pregnant tissues (13.33%; 6/45) (P < 0.01). No differences between mild PE tissues and severe PE tissues were noted in both positive case rates and strong positive rates. Consistent with this finding, the ratio of strong positive staining for IL-35 was higher in healthy pregnant tissues (66.67%; 30/45) than in mild PE tissues (33.11%; 14/45) and severe PE tissues (26.67%; 12/45) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The abnormal increase in serum and placental of IL-17 has an association with the formation and development of PE. IL-35 expression is significantly lower in severe PE placenta tissue and serum compared with normal pregnant women. These results suggested that IL-17/IL-35 imbalance may play a role in the pathophysiology of PE.
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21
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Deng Z, Zhang L, Tang Q, Xu Y, Liu S, Li H. Circulating levels of IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-17 and IL-22 in pre-eclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 248:211-221. [PMID: 32240894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a common multi-systemic disease, and the effect of cytokines on PE is not clear. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the circulating levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-17 and IL-22 in patients with PE. STUDY DESIGN Relevant studies were identified after a preliminary investigation of studies published up to May 2019 using PubMed and Embase. In this study, all 27 included articles underwent quality rating, with a total of 495 patients with PE and 557 controls. Among them, eight papers and 932 subjects contributed to the meta-analysis of IFN-γ, and six papers and 343 subjects contributed to the meta-analysis of IL-17. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the retrieved papers were screened and evaluated independently. Relevant data for IFN-γ and IL-17 were extracted for meta-analysis and subgroup analysis, and the stability of the results was evaluated by sensitivity analysis. At the same time, a systematic evaluation was carried out for IL-1 and IL-22 with a small number of included papers. RESULTS Several papers included in the systematic review showed that the circulating levels of IL-22 were higher in patients with severe PE than in controls, while IL-1 levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. The meta-analysis showed that patients with PE had higher circulating levels of IFN-γ than controls [standardized mean difference (SMD) 1.45, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.56-2.34]. There was no evidence of a difference in the circulating levels of IL-17 between patients with PE and controls (SMD 0.53, 95 %CI -0.43 to 1.48). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that changes in circulating levels of IFN-γ might be associated with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Medical Genetic Department, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Medical Genetic Department, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yinglei Xu
- Medical Genetic Department, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- Medical Genetic Department, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Prenatal Diagnosis Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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Chopra A, Radhakrishnan R, Sharma M. Porphyromonas gingivalis and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a review on its intricate pathogenic mechanisms. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:213-236. [PMID: 32267781 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1747392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a Gram-negative facultative anaerobe of the oral cavity, is associated with the onset of various adverse pregnancy outcomes. P. gingivalis is linked with the development of preeclampsia, preterm labour, spontaneous abortion, gestational diabetes, foetal growth restriction, and misconception. The unique virulence factors, surface adhesions, enzymes of P. gingivalis can directly injure and alter the morphology, microbiome the foetal and maternal tissues. P. gingivalis can even exaggerate the production of cytokines, free radicals and acute-phase proteins in the uterine compartment that increases the risk of myometrial contraction and onset of preterm labour. Although evidence confirms the presence of P. gingivalis in the amniotic fluid and placenta of women with poor pregnancy outcomes, the intricate molecular mechanisms by which P. gingivalis initiates various antenatal and postnatal maternal and foetal complications are not well explained in the literature. Therefore, the present review aims to comprehensively summarise and highlight the recent and unique molecular pathogenic mechanisms of P. gingivalis associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Chopra
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Mohit Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences & Research, Faridabad, India
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23
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Ye L, Shi MD, Zhang YP, Zhang JS, Zhu CR, Zhou R. Risk factors and pregnancy outcomes associated with retinopathy in patients presenting with severe preeclampsia: A retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19349. [PMID: 32176056 PMCID: PMC7220307 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual system was reported to be affected in over half of patients with preeclampsia (PE), though fundus examination was performed only among patients complaining of visual symptoms. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of PE-related retinopathy may lead to permanent visual impairment. Therefore, we hypothesize that some clinical or laboratory parameters could predict severity of retinal damage.The aim of the study was to explore the risk factors for retinopathy in severe preeclampsia (sPE) and investigate pregnancy outcomes with different degrees of retinopathy.This retrospective cohort study included women with sPE who underwent ophthalmoscopy and delivered after admission to West China Second University Hospital, between June 2013 and December 2016. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were retrieved from medical records. Patients confirmed with retinopathy were followed up with telephones. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of PE-related retinopathy.Five hundred thirty-four patients were included, of which 17.6% having stage-1/2 retinopathy, 14.6% having stage-3/4 retinopathy, and 67.8% having normal retina. Compared with patients without retinopathy, patients with stage 3/4 retinopathy were more likely to have preterm-birth and low-birth-weight babies. Significant risk factors for stage 3/4 retinopathy in sPE included severe hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-4.56), elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts (OR 1.88, 95% CI: 1.05-3.35), decreased platelet counts (OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.07-4.48), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration of >800 IU/L (OR 2.31, 95% CI: 1.05-5.06), low hemoglobin (HGB) concentrations of <110 g/L (OR 3.73, 95% CI: 1.21-11.47), 24-hour proteinuria of 2 to 5 g (OR 6.39, 95% CI: 2.84-14.39), and >5 g (OR 8.66, 95% CI: 3.67-20.44).This study confirms the association between retinopathy and preterm-birth and low-birth weight in sPE. The risk factors for severe PE-related retinopathy, including severe hypertension, platelet and WBC count, HGB and LDH concentration, and proteinuria, are associated with the development of retinopathy. Routine and repeated fundus examination is recommended for maternal monitoring in sPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education
| | - Meng-dan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education
| | - Yan-ping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education
| | - Jia-shuo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education
| | - Cai-rong Zhu
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education
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24
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Gomes J, Au F, Basak A, Cakmak S, Vincent R, Kumarathasan P. Maternal blood biomarkers and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:461-478. [PMID: 31509042 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1629873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pregnancy is a vulnerable period for the mother and the infant and exposures to environmental chemicals in utero can influence neonatal morbidity and mortality. There is a momentum toward understanding and exploring the current maternal biological mechanisms specific to in utero effects, to improve birth outcomes. This study aims to examine the current understanding of the role of biomarkers that may be associated with term of pregnancy, infant birth weights and infant development in utero.Methods: Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, OvidMD, and Scopus databases; and all relevant research articles in English were retrieved. Studies were selected if they evaluated maternal blood plasma/serum biomarkers proposed to influence adverse birth outcomes in the neonate. Data were extracted on characteristics, quality, and odds ratios from each study and meta-analysis was conducted.Results: A total of 54 studies (35 for meta-analysis), including 43,702 women, 50 plasma markers and six descriptors of birth outcomes were included in the present study. The random effect point estimates for risk of adverse birth outcomes were 1.61(95%CI: 1.39-1.85, p < 0.0001) for inflammation-related biomarkers and 1.65(95%CI: 1.22-2.25, p = 0.0013) for growth factor/hormone-related biomarkers. All subgroups of plasma markers showed significant associations with adverse birth outcomes with no apparent study bias.Conclusions: The two subsets of plasma markers identified in this study (inflammation-related and growth factor/hormone-related) may serve as potentially valuable tools in the investigation of maternal molecular mechanisms, especially select pathways underlying inflammatory and immunological mediation in terms of modulating adverse infant outcomes. Future large, prospective cohort studies are needed to validate the promising plasma biomarkers, and to examine other maternal biological matrices such as cervicovaginal fluid and urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gomes
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada
| | - F Au
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - A Basak
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Cakmak
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - R Vincent
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - P Kumarathasan
- Faculty of Health Science, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.,Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.,Analytical Biochemistry and Proteomics Laboratory, Mechanistic Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Ottawa, Canada
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25
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia (PE), a serious and variable pregnancy complication affecting 5%-10% of the obstetric population, has an undetermined etiology, yet inflammation is concomitant with its development, particularly in relation to endothelial dysfunction. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the published evidence concerning an association between PE and inflammatory markers for their usefulness in the prediction or early identification of women with PE in antepartum clinical settings. METHODS In this systematic review, we used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health and MEDLINE/OVID were the electronic databases used for identifying published articles. We placed no time limit on the publication year. RESULTS The search generated 798 articles. After removing duplicates, screening abstracts, and conducting full-text reviews, we retained 73 articles and examined 57 unique markers. This review shows that C-reactive protein and the cytokines, specifically the proinflammatory markers IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, garner the most support as potential inflammatory markers for clinical surveillance of PE, particularly during the second and third trimesters. DISCUSSION Based on this review, we cannot recommend any single inflammatory marker for routine clinical use to predict/identify PE onset or progression. Research is recommended to examine a combination panel of these four inflammatory markers both with and without clinical risk factors toward the goal of translation to practice.
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26
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Bellos I, Karageorgiou V, Kapnias D, Karamanli KE, Siristatidis C. The role of interleukins in preeclampsia: A comprehensive review. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e13055. [PMID: 30265415 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multi-system hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, with significant rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity. It represents a major cause of preterm birth, as definitive treatment demands fetal delivery. Although its pathophysiology is complicated, placental hypoxia and endothelial dysfunction constitute established pathogenetic steps of the disease. Inflammation is considered to be a crucial mediator of preeclampsia process, as an imbalance between TH 1, TH 2, and TH 17 immune responses is observed. The present review accumulates current knowledge about the contribution of interleukins in preeclampsia, summarizing the pathways through which each interleukin exerts its function in the disease. Also, the role of genetic polymorphisms is explored and the predictive efficacy of maternal serum interleukin levels is evaluated. Finally, recommendations about the safe interpretation of the outcomes, as well as guidance for future research, are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bellos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Charalampos Siristatidis
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Attikon Hospital", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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27
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Evaluation of platelet and white cell parameters among pregnant women with Preeclampsia in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 13:242-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Magnesium Supplementation and Blood Pressure in Pregnancy: A Double-Blind Randomized Multicenter Study. J Pregnancy 2018; 2018:4843159. [PMID: 30002931 PMCID: PMC5996415 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4843159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation in healthy pregnant women for prevention of blood pressure increase. Secondary outcomes were comparison of biomarkers for hypertensive disorders and labour and fetal outcomes between the groups. Methods Two hundred nulliparous healthy pregnant women were double-blind randomized to receive Mg daily or placebo. Results There were no differences in blood pressure increase. However, among the Mg-treated women, there was a significant negative correlation between increase in blood levels of magnesium and increase in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.042). Magnesium supplementation seems to be safe for both mother and infant. Conclusion Magnesium supplementation in healthy first-time pregnant women is not to be recommended for prevention of blood pressure increase. Supplementation in risk pregnancies needs to be further investigated. The study is listed on the ISRCTN registry with study ID 13890849.
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29
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Ribeiro VR, Romao‐Veiga M, Romagnoli GG, Matias ML, Nunes PR, Borges VTM, Peracoli JC, Peracoli MTS. Association between cytokine profile and transcription factors produced by T-cell subsets in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia. Immunology 2017; 152:163-173. [PMID: 28502089 PMCID: PMC5543493 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is an obstetric pathology characterized by abnormal activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems dependent on the imbalance of T helper subsets. The present study aimed to evaluate the gene and protein expression of T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th2/Th17/regulatory T (Treg) cell transcription factors in peripheral blood lymphocytes from pregnant women with PE employing quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry techniques, as well as the cytokine profile produced by these CD4+ T-cell subsets in the plasma of pregnant women with PE, classified as early-onset PE (n = 20), late-onset PE (n = 20) and normotensive pregnant women (n = 20). Results showed a higher percentage of CD4+ T cells expressing the RORc transcription factor (Th17) and a lower percentage of cells expressing FoxP3 (Treg) in women with early-onset PE compared with late-onset PE and normotensive groups. A lower gene expression of GATA-3 transcription factor was detected in cells of women with early-onset PE compared with the late-onset PE group. Endogenous plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17 and tumour necrosis factor-α were significantly higher in the early-onset PE group than in the late-onset PE and normotensive groups, whereas IL-4 (Th2 profile) and IL-22 (Th17 profile), were not significantly different between the studied groups. The endogenous levels of transforming growth factor-β and IL-10 were significantly lower in the pre-eclamptic than in the normotensive groups of the same gestational age, with a significant difference between early- and late-onset PE. The results show that in women with PE there is an imbalance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory profiles in CD4+ T-cell subsets, with polarization to Th17 profiles in the early-onset PE, considered as the severe form of PE.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers/blood
- Case-Control Studies
- Cytokines/blood
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/immunology
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/blood
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/immunology
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/blood
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- GATA3 Transcription Factor/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/blood
- Inflammation Mediators/immunology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/blood
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/immunology
- Phenotype
- Pre-Eclampsia/blood
- Pre-Eclampsia/diagnosis
- Pre-Eclampsia/genetics
- Pre-Eclampsia/immunology
- Pregnancy
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Severity of Illness Index
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Th17 Cells/metabolism
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/blood
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/immunology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa R. Ribeiro
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsMedical SchoolBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Mariana Romao‐Veiga
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of BiosciencesBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Graziela G. Romagnoli
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of BiosciencesBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Mariana L. Matias
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsMedical SchoolBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Priscila R. Nunes
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsMedical SchoolBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Vera Therezinha M. Borges
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsMedical SchoolBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Jose C. Peracoli
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsMedical SchoolBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
| | - Maria Terezinha S. Peracoli
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of BiosciencesBotucatu Sao Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil
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30
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McCullough LE, Miller EE, Calderwood LE, Shivappa N, Steck SE, Forman MR, A Mendez M, Maguire R, Fuemmeler BF, Kollins SH, D Bilbo S, Huang Z, Murtha AP, Murphy SK, Hébert JR, Hoyo C. Maternal inflammatory diet and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Circulating cytokines and genomic imprinting as potential regulators? Epigenetics 2017; 12:688-697. [PMID: 28678596 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1347241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation during pregnancy alters homeostatic mechanisms of the developing fetus and has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. An anti-inflammatory diet could be a promising avenue to combat the pro-inflammatory state of pregnancy, particularly in obese women, but we lack mechanistic data linking this dietary pattern during pregnancy to inflammation and birth outcomes. In an ethnically diverse cohort of 1057 mother-child pairs, we estimated the relationships between dietary inflammatory potential [measured via the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII™)] and birth outcomes overall, as well as by offspring sex and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). In a subset of women, we also explored associations between E-DII, circulating cytokines (n = 105), and offspring methylation (n = 338) as potential modulators of these relationships using linear regression. Adjusted regression models revealed that women with pro-inflammatory diets had elevated rates of preterm birth among female offspring [β = -0.22, standard error (SE) = 0.07, P<0.01], but not male offspring (β=0.09, SE = 0.06, P<0.12) (Pinteraction = 0.003). Similarly, we observed pro-inflammatory diets were associated with higher rates of caesarean delivery among obese women (β = 0.17, SE = 0.08, P = 0.03), but not among women with BMI <25 kg/m2 (Pinteraction = 0.02). We observed consistent inverse associations between maternal inflammatory cytokine concentrations (IL-12, IL-17, IL-4, IL-6, and TNFα) and lower methylation at the MEG3 regulatory sequence (P<0.05); however, results did not support the link between maternal E-DII and circulating cytokines. We replicate work by others on the association between maternal inflammatory diet and adverse pregnancy outcomes and provide the first empirical evidence supporting the inverse association between circulating cytokine concentrations and offspring methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erline E Miller
- b Department of Epidemiology , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | | | - Nitin Shivappa
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,d Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,e Connecting Health Innovations LLC , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Susan E Steck
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,d Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Michele R Forman
- f Department of Nutritional Sciences , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , USA
| | - Michelle A Mendez
- g Department of Nutrition , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill , NC , USA
| | - Rachel Maguire
- h Department of Biological Sciences , North Carolina State University, Raleigh , NC , USA
| | - Bernard F Fuemmeler
- i Department of Health Behavior and Policy , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Scott H Kollins
- j Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Staci D Bilbo
- k Department of Pediatrics , Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Amy P Murtha
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Susan K Murphy
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - James R Hébert
- c Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,d Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , USA.,e Connecting Health Innovations LLC , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- h Department of Biological Sciences , North Carolina State University, Raleigh , NC , USA
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Lambert JA, Carlisle MA, Lam A, Aggarwal S, Doran S, Ren C, Bradley WE, Dell'Italia L, Ambalavanan N, Ford DA, Patel RP, Jilling T, Matalon S. Mechanisms and Treatment of Halogen Inhalation-Induced Pulmonary and Systemic Injuries in Pregnant Mice. Hypertension 2017; 70:390-400. [PMID: 28607126 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation of oxidant gases has been implicated in adverse outcomes in pregnancy, but animal models to address mechanisms and studies to identify potential pregnancy-specific therapies are lacking. Herein, we show that inhalation of bromine at 600 parts per million for 30 minutes by pregnant mice on the 15th day of embryonic development results in significantly lower survival after 96 hours than an identical level of exposure in nonpregnant mice. On the 19th embryonic day, bromine-exposed pregnant mice have increased systemic blood pressure, abnormal placental development, severe fetal growth restriction, systemic inflammation, increased levels of circulating antiangiogenic short fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, and evidence of pulmonary and cardiac injury. Treatment with tadalafil, an inhibitor of type 5 phosphodiesterase, by oral gavage 1 hour post-exposure and then once daily thereafter, attenuated systemic blood pressures, decreased inflammation, ameliorated pulmonary and cardiac injury, and improved maternal survival (from 36% to 80%) and fetal growth. These pathological changes resemble those seen in preeclampsia. Nonpregnant mice did not exhibit any of these pathological changes and were not affected by tadalafil. These findings suggest that pregnant women exposed to bromine may require particular attention and monitoring for signs of preeclampsia-like symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Lambert
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Matthew A Carlisle
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Adam Lam
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Stephen Doran
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Changchun Ren
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Wayne E Bradley
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Louis Dell'Italia
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Namasivayam Ambalavanan
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - David A Ford
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Rakesh P Patel
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Tamas Jilling
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.)
| | - Sadis Matalon
- From the Biochemistry, Structural and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate Biomedical Sciences (J.A.L.), Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine (J.A.L., M.A.C., A.L., S.A., S.D., S.M.), Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics (C.R., N.A., T.J.), Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (W.E.B., L.D.), and Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology (R.P.P.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University, MO (D.A.F.).
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Spracklen CN, Smith CJ, Saftlas AF, Triche EW, Bjonnes A, Keating BJ, Saxena R, Breheny PJ, Dewan AT, Robinson JG, Hoh J, Ryckman KK. Genetic predisposition to elevated levels of C-reactive protein is associated with a decreased risk for preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2017; 36:30-35. [PMID: 27657194 PMCID: PMC5538572 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2016.1223303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between genetic predisposition to elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)and risk for preeclampsia using validated genetic loci for C-reactive protein. METHODS Preeclampsia cases (n = 177) and normotensive controls (n = 116) were selected from live birth certificates to nulliparous Iowa women during the period August 2002-May 2005. Disease status was verified by the medical chart review. Genetic predisposition to CRP was estimated by a genetic risk score on the basis of established loci for CRP levels. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationships between the genotype score and preeclampsia. Replication analyses were performed in an independent, US population of preeclampsia cases (n = 516) and controls (n = 1,097) of European ancestry. RESULTS The genetic risk score (GRS) related to higher levels of CRP demonstrated a significantly decreased risk of preeclampsia (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.96). When the GRS was analyzed by quartile, an inverse linear trend was observed (p = 0.0006). The results were similar after adjustments for the body mass index (BMI), smoking, and leisure-time physical activity. In the independent replication population, the association with the CRP GRS was also marginally significant (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.92, 1.02). Meta-analysis of the two studies was statistically significant (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90, 0.99). CONCLUSION Our data suggest an inverse, counterintuitive association between the genetic predisposition to elevated levels of CRP and a decreased risk of preeclampsia. This suggests that the blood CRP level is a marker of preeclampsia, but it does not appear to be a factor on the causal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra N. Spracklen
- Present address: Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 5100 Genetic Medicine Building, CB #7264, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (work was performed at Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 Riverside Drive, S471 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242)
| | - Caitlin J. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 Riverside Drive, S471 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Audrey F. Saftlas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 Riverside Drive, S427 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Elizabeth W. Triche
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, 121 S. Main St., 2 floor, Box G-S121-2, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Andrew Bjonnes
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5, Boston, MA 02114 and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge MA 02142
| | - Brendan J. Keating
- Department of Surgery, Penn Transplant Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Division of Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5, Boston, MA 02114 and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge MA 02142
| | - Patrick J. Breheny
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145Riverside Drive, N336 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Andrew T. Dewan
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, Room 403, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Jennifer G. Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 Riverside Drive, S455 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Josephine Hoh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Kelli K. Ryckman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, 145 Riverside Drive, S414 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242
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Alma LJ, Bokslag A, Maas AHEM, Franx A, Paulus WJ, de Groot CJM. Shared biomarkers between female diastolic heart failure and pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail 2017; 4:88-98. [PMID: 28451444 PMCID: PMC5396047 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence accumulates for associations between hypertensive pregnancy disorders and increased cardiovascular risk later. The main goal of this study was to explore shared biomarkers representing common pathogenic pathways between heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and pre‐eclampsia where these biomarkers might be potentially eligible for cardiovascular risk stratification in women after hypertensive pregnancy disorders. We sought for blood markers in women with diastolic dysfunction in a first literature search, and through a second search, we investigated whether these same biochemical markers were present in pre‐eclampsia.This systematic review and meta‐analysis presents two subsequent systematic searches in PubMed and EMBASE. Search I yielded 3014 studies on biomarkers discriminating women with HFpEF from female controls, of which 13 studies on 11 biochemical markers were included. Cases had HFpEF, and controls had no heart failure. The second search was for studies discriminating women with pre‐eclampsia from women with non‐hypertensive pregnancies with at least one of the biomarkers found in Search I. Search II yielded 1869 studies, of which 51 studies on seven biomarkers were included in meta‐analyses and 79 studies on 12 biomarkers in systematic review.Eleven biological markers differentiated women with diastolic dysfunction from controls, of which the following 10 markers differentiated women with pre‐eclampsia from controls as well: C‐reactive protein, HDL, insulin, fatty acid‐binding protein 4, brain natriuretic peptide, N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, adrenomedullin, mid‐region pro adrenomedullin, cardiac troponin I, and cancer antigen 125.Our study supports the hypothesis that HFpEF in women shares a common pathogenic background with pre‐eclampsia. The biomarkers representing inflammatory state, disturbances in myocardial function/structure, and unfavourable lipid metabolism may possibly be eligible for future prognostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Alma
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anouk Bokslag
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Angela H E M Maas
- Department of CardiologyRadboud University Nijmegen Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Arie Franx
- Division Woman and BabyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Walter J Paulus
- Department of PhysiologyVU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Maharaj NR, Phulukdaree A, Nagiah S, Ramkaran P, Tiloke C, Chuturgoon AA. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in HIV Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women with and without Preeclampsia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170063. [PMID: 28095491 PMCID: PMC5240954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia and HIV/AIDS are inflammatory conditions that contribute significantly to adverse maternal and foetal outcomes. The immune reconstitution effects of HAART on inflammatory mediators has not been adequately studied in pregnancy and may impact on the inflammatory cytokine network in women with co-morbid preeclampsia. Our study evaluated changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 in HIV infected preeclamptic women on HAART. METHODS A prospective experimental study was conducted at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital between July 2013 and September 2014. One hundred and ninety three pregnant women were recruited into 4 groups: uninfected normotensive (50; 26%), infected normotensive (45; 23%), uninfected preeclamptic (53; 28%) and infected preeclamptic women (45; 23%). Serum levels of cytokines TNF-α, IFN- γ, IL-2 and IL-6 were determined using commercially available kits and a Cytometric Bead Array (CBA). Comparative data was recorded and analysed descriptively. RESULTS In the control groups (normotensive), significantly lower values were found in IL-2 (p = 0.010), TNF-α (p = 0.045), and IL-6 (p = 0.005); and a non-significant decrease was observed in IFN-γ (p = 0.345) in HIV infected women on HAART compared to uninfected controls. In the experimental group (preeclamptic) women, significantly reduced levels were observed in IL-2 and TNF-α (p = 0.001; p = 0.000) and non-significant decreases were observed in IFN-γ and IL-6 (p = 0.023; p = 0.086) in HIV infected women on HAART compared with uninfected preeclamptic women. Non-significant differences were observed between uninfected preeclamptic and normotensive women. CONCLUSION In uncomplicated/normotensive pregnancies, HIV/HAART is associated with significant decreases in IL-2, TNF-α and IL-6, and in preeclamptic women significant decreases in IL-2 and TNF-α were observed. These findings suggest that HIV/HAART impacts on pro-inflammatory cytokines in women with co-morbid preeclampsia. This provides a platform for further research on immune reconstitution effects of HAART during pregnancy, and the development of potential immune modulation therapies for the management of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niren Ray Maharaj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Alisa Phulukdaree
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Savania Nagiah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Prithiksha Ramkaran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Charlette Tiloke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Anil Amichund Chuturgoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Agostinis C, Tedesco F, Bulla R. Alternative functions of the complement protein C1q at embryo implantation site. J Reprod Immunol 2016; 119:74-80. [PMID: 27687635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Complement component C1q is one of the recognition molecules of the complement system which can serve several functions unrelated to complement activation. This molecule is produced at foeto-maternal interface by macrophages as wells as by decidual endothelial cells and invading trophoblast. Foetal trophoblast cells migrating through the decidua in the early stages of pregnancy synthesize and express C1q on their surface, which is actively involved in promoting trophoblast endovascular and interstitial invasion of the decidua. These functions are mediated by two cell surface receptors, gC1qR and α4β1 integrin, which promote trophoblast adhesion and migration through the activation of ERK1/2 MAPKs. C1q-/- mice manifest increased frequency of foetal resorption, reduced foetal weight, and smaller litter size when compared to their wild-type counterparts, suggesting that defective local production of C1q may be involved in pregnancy disorders, such as pre-eclampsia. C1q acts also as a strong angiogenic factor and promotes neovascularization. These studies suggest novel and unexpected roles of this complement component in physiological and pathological pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Agostinis
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Bulla
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
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Przybyl L, Haase N, Golic M, Rugor J, Solano ME, Arck PC, Gauster M, Huppertz B, Emontzpohl C, Stoppe C, Bernhagen J, Leng L, Bucala R, Schulz H, Heuser A, Weedon-Fekjær MS, Johnsen GM, Peetz D, Luft FC, Staff AC, Müller DN, Dechend R, Herse F. CD74-Downregulation of Placental Macrophage-Trophoblastic Interactions in Preeclampsia. Circ Res 2016; 119:55-68. [PMID: 27199465 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE We hypothesized that cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74) downregulation on placental macrophages, leading to altered macrophage-trophoblast interaction, is involved in preeclampsia. OBJECTIVE Preeclamptic pregnancies feature hypertension, proteinuria, and placental anomalies. Feto-placental macrophages regulate villous trophoblast differentiation during placental development. Disturbance of this well-balanced regulation can lead to pathological pregnancies. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed whole-genome expression analysis of placental tissue. CD74 was one of the most downregulated genes in placentas from preeclamptic women. By reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we confirmed this finding in early-onset (<34 gestational week, n=26) and late-onset (≥34 gestational week, n=24) samples from preeclamptic women, compared with healthy pregnant controls (n=28). CD74 protein levels were analyzed by Western blot and flow cytometry. We identified placental macrophages to express CD74 by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR. CD74-positive macrophages were significantly reduced in preeclamptic placentas compared with controls. CD74-silenced macrophages showed that the adhesion molecules ALCAM, ICAM4, and Syndecan-2, as well as macrophage adhesion to trophoblasts were diminished. Naive and activated macrophages lacking CD74 showed a shift toward a proinflammatory signature with an increased secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, when cocultured with trophoblasts compared with control macrophages. Trophoblasts stimulated by these factors express more CYP2J2, sFlt1, TNFα, and IL-8. CD74-knockout mice showed disturbed placental morphology, reduced junctional zone, smaller placentas, and impaired spiral artery remodeling with fetal growth restriction. CONCLUSIONS CD74 downregulation in placental macrophages is present in preeclampsia. CD74 downregulation leads to altered macrophage activation toward a proinflammatory signature and a disturbed crosstalk with trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Przybyl
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Nadine Haase
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Michaela Golic
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Julianna Rugor
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Maria Emilia Solano
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Petra Clara Arck
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Martin Gauster
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Berthold Huppertz
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Christoph Emontzpohl
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Christian Stoppe
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Lin Leng
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Richard Bucala
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Herbert Schulz
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Arnd Heuser
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - M Susanne Weedon-Fekjær
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Guro M Johnsen
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Dirk Peetz
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Friedrich C Luft
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Anne Cathrine Staff
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Dominik N Müller
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Ralf Dechend
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.)
| | - Florian Herse
- From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité Medical Faculty, Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., F.C.L., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany (L.P., N.H., M. Golic, J.R., D.N.M., R.D., F.H.); Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany (N.H., H.S., A.H., F.C.L., D.N.M., F.H.); Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Senology, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (M. Golic); Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (M.E.S., P.C.A.); Institute of Cell Biology, Histology, and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (M. Gauster, B.H.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (C.E., C.S., J.B.) and Department of Anesthesiology (C.S.), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (J.B.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (J.B.); Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.L., R.B.); Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany (H.S.); Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (M.S.W.-F., G.M.J., A.C.S.); and HELIOS-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany (D.P., R.D.).
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Wang X, Guo M, Li S, Gong J, Song W, Wang H, Liu S. The Role of the IL-12 polymorphism rs3212227 in preeclampsia in Chinese Han Women. Clin Exp Hypertens 2016; 38:388-92. [PMID: 27148908 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1131289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether IL-12B rs3212227 was associated with susceptibility to PE (preeclampsia) in Chinese Han women. METHODS We enrolled 1000 PE patients and 1287 controls and performed rs3212227 genotyping by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS No significant differences in genetic distributions of IL-12B rs3212227 were observed between cases and controls (χ(2) = 4.62, p = 0.10 by genotype; χ(2) = 0.03, p = 0.87 by allele). There were also no significant differences in genotypic and allelic frequencies between mild/severe or early/late-onset PE and control subgroups. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that IL-12B rs3212227 might not be a critical risk factor for PE in Chinese Han women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xibing Wang
- a Obstetrical Department , Maternal and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang , Zaozhuang , China
| | - Mingzhen Guo
- b Department of Blood Transfusion , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Sai Li
- c Biology Department , The Medical College of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Jianfeng Gong
- d Department of Clinical Laboratory , Chongqing Health for Women and Children , Chongqing , China
| | - Weiqing Song
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group) , Qingdao , China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- b Department of Blood Transfusion , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
| | - Shiguo Liu
- f Prenatal Diagnosis Center , The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , China
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38
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Badawy AAB. Tryptophan metabolism, disposition and utilization in pregnancy. Biosci Rep 2015; 35:e00261. [PMID: 26381576 PMCID: PMC4626867 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) requirements in pregnancy are several-fold: (1) the need for increased protein synthesis by mother and for fetal growth and development; (2) serotonin (5-HT) for signalling pathways; (3) kynurenic acid (KA) for neuronal protection; (4) quinolinic acid (QA) for NAD(+) synthesis (5) other kynurenines (Ks) for suppressing fetal rejection. These goals could not be achieved if maternal plasma [Trp] is depleted. Although plasma total (free + albumin-bound) Trp is decreased in pregnancy, free Trp is elevated. The above requirements are best expressed in terms of a Trp utilization concept. Briefly, Trp is utilized as follows: (1) In early and mid-pregnancy, emphasis is on increased maternal Trp availability to meet the demand for protein synthesis and fetal development, most probably mediated by maternal liver Trp 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) inhibition by progesterone and oestrogens. (2) In mid- and late pregnancy, Trp availability is maintained and enhanced by the release of albumin-bound Trp by albumin depletion and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) elevation, leading to increased flux of Trp down the K pathway to elevate immunosuppressive Ks. An excessive release of free Trp could undermine pregnancy by abolishing T-cell suppression by Ks. Detailed assessment of parameters of Trp metabolism and disposition and related measures (free and total Trp, albumin, NEFA, K and its metabolites and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in maternal blood and, where appropriate, placental and fetal material) in normal and abnormal pregnancies may establish missing gaps in our knowledge of the Trp status in pregnancy and help identify appropriate intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulla A-B Badawy
- School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Western Avenue, Cardiff CF5 2YB, Wales, U.K.
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Ching T, Ha J, Song MA, Tiirikainen M, Molnar J, Berry MJ, Towner D, Garmire LX. Genome-scale hypomethylation in the cord blood DNAs associated with early onset preeclampsia. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:21. [PMID: 25806090 PMCID: PMC4371797 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Preterm babies of mothers with early onset preeclampsia (EOPE) are at higher risks for various diseases later on in life, including cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that genome-wide epigenetic alterations occur in cord blood DNAs in association with EOPE and conducted a case control study to compare the genome-scale methylome differences in cord blood DNAs between 12 EOPE-associated and 8 normal births. Results Bioinformatics analysis of methylation data from the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip shows a genome-scale hypomethylation pattern in EOPE, with 51,486 hypomethylated CpG sites and 12,563 hypermethylated sites (adjusted P <0.05). A similar trend also exists in the proximal promoters (TSS200) associated with protein-coding genes. Using summary statistics on the CpG sites in TSS200 regions, promoters of 643 and 389 genes are hypomethylated and hypermethylated, respectively. Promoter-based differential methylation (DM) analysis reveals that genes in the farnesoid X receptor and liver X receptor (FXR/LXR) pathway are enriched, indicating dysfunction of lipid metabolism in cord blood cells. Additional biological functional alterations involve inflammation, cell growth, and hematological system development. A two-way ANOVA analysis among coupled cord blood and amniotic membrane samples shows that a group of genes involved in inflammation, lipid metabolism, and proliferation are persistently differentially methylated in both tissues, including IL12B, FAS, PIK31, and IGF1. Conclusions These findings provide, for the first time, evidence of prominent genome-scale DNA methylation modifications in cord blood DNAs associated with EOPE. They may suggest a connection between inflammation and lipid dysregulation in EOPE-associated newborns and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases later in adulthood. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-015-0052-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travers Ching
- Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.,Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - James Ha
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91126 USA
| | - Min-Ae Song
- Epidemiology Department, The Ohio State University, The College of Public Health, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,University of Hawaii Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,Genomics Shared Resources, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Maarit Tiirikainen
- Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.,Genomics Shared Resources, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Janos Molnar
- Genomics Shared Resources, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Marla J Berry
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Dena Towner
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826 USA
| | - Lana X Garmire
- Molecular Bioscience and Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.,Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
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Shu C, Liu Z, Cui L, Wei C, Wang S, Tang JJ, Cui M, Lian G, Li W, Liu X, Xu H, Jiang J, Lee P, Zhang DY, He J, Ye F. Protein profiling of preeclampsia placental tissues. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112890. [PMID: 25392996 PMCID: PMC4231077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multi-system disorder involved in pregnancy without an effective treatment except delivery. The precise pathogenesis of this complicated disorder is still not completely understood. The objective of this study is to evaluate the alterations of protein expression and phosphorylations that are important in regulating placental cell function in preterm and term preeclampsia. Using the Protein Pathway Array, 38 proteins in placental tissues were found to be differentially expressed between preterm preeclampsia and gestational age matched control, while 25 proteins were found to be expressed differentially between term preeclampsia and matched controls. Among these proteins, 16 proteins and their associated signaling pathways overlapped between preterm and term preeclampsia, suggesting the common pathogenesis of two subsets of disease. On the other hand, many proteins are uniquely altered in either preterm or term preeclampsia and correlated with severity of clinical symptoms and outcomes, therefore, providing molecular basis for these two subsets of preeclampsia. Furthermore, the expression levels of some of these proteins correlated with neonatal small for gestational age (PAI-1 and PAPP-A) and adverse outcomes (Flt-1) in women with preterm preeclampsia. These proteins could potentially be used as candidate biomarkers for predicting outcomes of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zitao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lifeng Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chengguo Wei
- Department of Medicine Bioinformatics Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Computer Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Jenny Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Miao Cui
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Guodong Lian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Chang chun, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Lee
- Departments of Pathology, Urology and New York University Cancer Institute, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David Y. Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jin He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (JH); (FY)
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JH); (FY)
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Adekola H, Romero R, Chaemsaithong P, Korzeniewski SJ, Dong Z, Yeo L, Hassan SS, Chaiworapongsa T. Endocan, a putative endothelial cell marker, is elevated in preeclampsia, decreased in acute pyelonephritis, and unchanged in other obstetrical syndromes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:1621-32. [PMID: 25211383 PMCID: PMC4412749 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.964676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Endocan, a dermatan sulphate proteoglycan produced by endothelial cells, is considered a biomarker for endothelial cell activation/dysfunction. Preeclampsia is characterized by systemic vascular inflammation, and endothelial cell activation/dysfunction. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine whether: (1) plasma endocan concentrations in preeclampsia differ from those in uncomplicated pregnancies; (2) changes in plasma endocan concentration relate to the severity of preeclampsia, and whether these changes are specific or observed in other obstetrical syndromes such as small-for-gestational age (SGA), fetal death (FD), preterm labor (PTL) or preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM); (3) a correlation exists between plasma concentration of endocan and angiogenic (placental growth factor or PlGF)/anti-angiogenic factors (soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor or sVEGFR-1, and soluble endoglin or sEng) among pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia; and (4) plasma endocan concentrations in patients with preeclampsia and acute pyelonephritis (both conditions in which there is endothelial cell activation) differ. Method: This cross-sectional study included the following groups: (1) uncomplicated pregnancy (n = 130); (2) preeclampsia (n = 102); (3) pregnant women without preeclampsia who delivered an SGA neonate (n = 51); (4) FD (n = 49); (5) acute pyelonephritis (AP; n = 35); (6) spontaneous PTL (n = 75); and (7) preterm PROM (n = 64). Plasma endocan concentrations were determined in all groups, and PIGF, sEng and VEGFR-1 plasma concentrations were measured by ELISA in the preeclampsia group. Results: (1) Women with preeclampsia had a significantly higher median plasma endocan concentration than those with uncomplicated pregnancies (p = 0.004); (2) among women with preeclampsia, the median plasma endocan concentration did not differ significantly according to disease severity (p = 0.1), abnormal uterine artery Doppler velocimetry (p = 0.7) or whether diagnosis was made before or after 34 weeks gestational age (p = 0.3); (3) plasma endocan concentration in women with preeclampsia correlated positively with plasma anti-angiogenic factor concentrations [sVEGFR-1: Spearman rho 0.34, p = 0.001 and sEng: Spearman rho 0.30, p = 0.003]; (4) pregnancies complicated by acute pyelonephritis with bacteremia had a lower median plasma endocan concentration than pregnancies complicated by acute pyelonephritis without bacteremia (p = 0.004), as well as uncomplicated pregnancies (p = 0.001); and (5) there was no significant difference in the median plasma endocan concentration between uncomplicated pregnancies and those complicated by FD, delivery of an SGA neonate, PTL or preterm PROM (other members of the “great obstetrical syndromes”; each p > 0.05). Conclusion: Median maternal plasma endocan concentrations were higher preeclampsia and lower in acute pyelonephritis with bacteremia than in uncomplicated pregnancy. No significant difference was observed in the median plasma endocan concentration between other great obstetrical syndromes and uncomplicated pregnancies. The difference in the direction of change of endocan in preeclampsia and acute pyelonephritis with bacteremia may be consistent with the view that both disease entities differ in pathogenic mechanisms, despite their associations with systemic vascular inflammation and endothelial cell activation/dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Adekola
- a Perinatology Research Branch, Program for Perinatal Research and Obstetrics, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH , Bethesda , MD (Detroit, MI) , USA
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Canetta S, Sourander A, Surcel HM, Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki S, Leiviskä J, Kellendonk C, McKeague IW, Brown AS. Elevated maternal C-reactive protein and increased risk of schizophrenia in a national birth cohort. Am J Psychiatry 2014; 171:960-8. [PMID: 24969261 PMCID: PMC4159178 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13121579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to investigate an association between early gestational C-reactive protein, an established inflammatory biomarker, prospectively assayed in maternal sera, and schizophrenia in a large, national birth cohort with an extensive serum biobank. METHOD A nested case-control design from the Finnish Prenatal Study of Schizophrenia cohort was utilized. A total of 777 schizophrenia cases (schizophrenia, N=630; schizoaffective disorder, N=147) with maternal sera available for C-reactive protein testing were identified and matched to 777 control subjects in the analysis. Maternal C-reactive protein levels were assessed using a latex immunoassay from archived maternal serum specimens. RESULTS Increasing maternal C-reactive protein levels, classified as a continuous variable, were significantly associated with schizophrenia in offspring (adjusted odds ratio=1.31, 95% confidence interval=1.10-1.56). This finding remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders, including maternal and parental history of psychiatric disorders, twin/singleton birth, urbanicity, province of birth, and maternal socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS This finding provides the most robust evidence to date that maternal inflammation may play a significant role in schizophrenia, with possible implications for identifying preventive strategies and pathogenic mechanisms in schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Canetta
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andre Sourander
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Susanna Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Leiviskä
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian W. McKeague
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan S. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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Yang Y, Su X, Xu W, Zhou R. Interleukin-18 and Interferon Gamma Levels in Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 72:504-14. [PMID: 25060131 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; West China Second University Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Xiaowei Su
- Department of Forensic DNA laboratory; Public security bureau of Beijing' Haidian; Beijing China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; West China Second University Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
- Sichuan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine; West China Institute of Women and Children's Health; West China Second University Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; West China Second University Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
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Yang P, Dai A, Alexenko AP, Liu Y, Stephens AJ, Schulz LC, Schust DJ, Roberts RM, Ezashi T. Abnormal oxidative stress responses in fibroblasts from preeclampsia infants. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103110. [PMID: 25058409 PMCID: PMC4110005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Signs of severe oxidative stress are evident in term placentae of infants born to mothers with preeclampsia (PE), but it is unclear whether this is a cause or consequence of the disease. Here fibroblast lines were established from umbilical cords (UC) delivered by mothers who had experienced early onset PE and from controls with the goal of converting these primary cells to induced pluripotent stem cells and ultimately trophoblast. Contrary to expectations, the oxidative stress responses of these non-placental cells from PE infants were more severe than those from controls. Methods and Findings Three features suggested that UC-derived fibroblasts from PE infants responded less well to oxidative stressors than controls: 1) While all UC provided outgrowths in 4% O2, success was significantly lower for PE cords in 20% O2; 2) PE lines established in 4% O2 proliferated more slowly than controls when switched to 20% O2; 3) PE lines were more susceptible to the pro-oxidants diethylmaleate and tert-butylhydroquinone than control lines, but, unlike controls, were not protected by glutathione. Transcriptome profiling revealed only a few genes differentially regulated between PE lines and controls in 4% O2 conditions. However, a more severely stressed phenotype than controls, particularly in the unfolded protein response, was evident when PE lines were switched suddenly to 20% O2, thus confirming the greater sensitivity of the PE fibroblasts to acute changes in oxidative stress. Conclusions UC fibroblasts derived from PE infants are intrinsically less able to respond to acute oxidative stress than controls, and this phenotype is retained over many cell doublings. Whether the basis of this vulnerability is genetic or epigenetic and how it pertains to trophoblast development remains unclear, but this finding may provide a clue to the basis of the early onset, usually severe, form of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Yang
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Aihua Dai
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Andrei P. Alexenko
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yajun Liu
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Amanda J. Stephens
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Laura C. Schulz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Danny J. Schust
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - R. Michael Roberts
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ozkan ZS, Deveci D, Simsek M, Ilhan F, Risvanli A, Sapmaz E. What is the impact of SOCS3, IL-35 and IL17 in immune pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:324-8. [PMID: 24762139 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.916676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the plasma levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), IL-17, IL-35 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in the women with history of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and in the fertile controls. METHODS This study was conducted with 60 idiopathic RPL cases and 40 age-matched fertile controls. Mid-follicular plasma levels of IL-17, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, SOCS3 and IL-35 were assayed by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mean age of RPL and control cases were 31.6 ± 0.6 and 32.1 ± 0.7 years, respectively. While plasma IL-35 and SOCS3 levels of RPL group were significantly lower than that of the control group; IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta levels of RPL group were significantly higher than that of the control group. The comparison of cytokine ratios between RPL and control groups indicated significantly high TNF-alpha/IL-10, TNF-alpha/IL-4, IFN-gamma/IL-10, IFN-gamma/IL-6 and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratios in the RPL group. IL-35/IL-17 ratio was significantly low in the RPL group compared to that in the control group. Overstimulation of TNF-alpha presented moderate influence on recurrent miscarriage risk. CONCLUSION Decreased SOCS3 and IL-35 plasma levels and increased Th1/Th2 cytokine ratios in RPL cases pointed out the supression of anti-inflammatory process and this supression might play an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Sema Ozkan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat University School of Medicine , Elazig , Turkey
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Gleicher N. Maternal autoimmunity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. J Autoimmun 2014; 50:83-6. [PMID: 24461538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Some of the most dangerous and costly complications of human pregnancy, including premature labor and preeclampsia/eclampsia, have remained unexplained. While not noted by the authors of a recently published study of three distinct groups of patients with thyroid disease, their data may offer new insights into the interplay between thyroid autoimmune disease, indeed possibly autoimmunity in general, and human pregnancy. This editorial discusses a report of 223,512 pregnancies (2002-2008) from a retrospective U.S. cohort, the Consortium of Safe Labor, reported by Männistö et al. from the Epidemiology Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland in the July 2013 issue of The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. Reading between the lines of this publication offers potential insights into the etiologies of preeclampsia/eclampsia and of term as well as premature labor. Moreover, this study, unintentionally, may also offer insights into currently still only poorly understood immune dysfunction that links autoimmunity with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Gleicher
- The Center for Human Reproduction, New York, NY 10021, United States; Foundation for Reproductive Medicine, New York, NY 10021, United States.
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Ozkan ZS, Simsek M, Ilhan F, Deveci D, Godekmerdan A, Sapmaz E. Plasma IL-17, IL-35, interferon-γ, SOCS3 and TGF-β levels in pregnant women with preeclampsia, and their relation with severity of disease. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 27:1513-7. [PMID: 24175856 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.861415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Abstract Objective: To research the hypothesis of preeclampsia (PE) is associated with increased systemic inflammatory responses of Th1-type as well as decreased Th2-type responses; we evaluated the maternal plasma levels of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-35 and SOCS3 in preeclamptic and healthy pregnants. METHODS This study was conducted with 40 preeclamptic (study group) and 40 normotensive pregnant (control) women in third trimester when they were admitted to the labor and delivery unit. The extracted maternal plasma samples were assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16.0 version. RESULTS While IFN-gamma and TGF-beta levels of preeclamptic women were significantly higher (p < 0.01), IL-35 and IL-17 levels of preeclamptic women were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than those of controls. The ratios of IFN-gamma/IL-10, IFN-gamma/IL-6, IFN-gamma/IL-4 were significantly high and ratio of IL-35/IL-17 was significantly low in the PE group compared to those in the control group. Maternal plasma SOCS3 levels showed negative correlation with blood pressure and proteinuria severity, but none of the cytokines showed influence on blood pressure and proteinuria after adjusting for maternal and gestational age. CONCLUSIONS Increased IFN-gamma/TGF-beta production and reduced IL-35/IL-17/SOCS3 production in preeclamptic women may lead to less cytokine inhibitory activity in PE, which may account for the increased proteinuria and blood pressure in PE.
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Chaemsaithong P, Chaiworapongsa T, Romero R, Korzeniewski SJ, Stampalija T, Than NG, Dong Z, Miranda J, Yeo L, Hassan SS. Maternal plasma soluble TRAIL is decreased in preeclampsia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013; 27:217-27. [PMID: 23688319 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.806906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by systemic intravascular inflammation. Women who develop PE are at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease in later life. Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has anti-atherosclerotic effects in endothelial cells and can mediate neutrophil apoptosis. Low soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) and high C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations are associated with an increased risk of future cardiovascular disease in non-pregnant individuals. The aim of this study was to determine whether maternal plasma concentrations of sTRAIL and CRP differ between women with PE and those with uncomplicated pregnancies. METHOD This cross-sectional study included women with an uncomplicated pregnancy (n = 93) and those with PE (n = 52). Maternal plasma concentrations of sTRAIL and CRP concentrations were determined by ELISA. RESULTS 1) The median plasma sTRAIL concentration (pg/mL) was significantly lower and the median plasma CRP concentration was significantly higher in women with PE than in those with an uncomplicated pregnancy (25.55 versus 29.17; p = 0.03 and 8.0 versus 4.1; p = 0.001, respectively); 2) the median plasma concentration sTRAIL/CRP ratio was two-fold lower in women with PE than in those with an uncomplicated pregnancy (p < 0.001); and 3) women with plasma sTRAIL and CRP ratio in the lowest quartile were 8 times more likely to have PE than women with concentrations in the upper three quartiles (OR 8.9; 95% CI: 2.8-27.8). CONCLUSION Maternal plasma sTRAIL concentrations are lower (while those of CRP are higher) in women with PE than in those with uncomplicated pregnancies. These findings are consistent with the evidence of intravascular inflammation in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piya Chaemsaithong
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS , Bethesda, MD, and Detroit, MI , USA
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Du M, Basu A, Fu D, Wu M, Centola M, Jenkins AJ, Hanssen KF, Garg SK, Hammad SM, Scardo JA, Aston CE, Lyons TJ. Serum inflammatory markers and preeclampsia in type 1 diabetes: a prospective study. Diabetes Care 2013; 36:2054-61. [PMID: 23393212 PMCID: PMC3687330 DOI: 10.2337/dc12-1934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction have been associated with the immunobiology of preeclampsia (PE), a significant cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The prevalence of PE is elevated several fold in the presence of maternal type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Although cross-sectional studies of pregnancies among women without diabetes have shown altered inflammatory markers in the presence of PE, longitudinal studies of diabetic women are lacking. In maternal serum samples, we examined the temporal associations of markers of inflammation with the subsequent development of PE in women with T1DM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted longitudinal analyses of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), adhesion molecules, and cytokines during the first (mean ± SD, 12.2 ± 1.9 weeks), second (21.6 ± 1.5 weeks), and third (31.5 ± 1.7 weeks) trimesters of pregnancy (visits 1-3, respectively). All study visits took place before the onset of PE. Covariates were BMI, HbA1c, age of onset, duration of diabetes, and mean arterial pressure. RESULTS In women with T1DM who developed PE versus those who remained normotensive, CRP tended to be higher at visits 1 (P = 0.07) and 2 (P = 0.06) and was significantly higher at visit 3 (P < 0.05); soluble E-selectin and interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) were significantly higher at visit 3; interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and eotaxin were higher and lower, respectively, at visit 2 (all P < 0.05). These conclusions persisted following adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSIONS In pregnant women with T1DM, elevated CRP, soluble E-selectin, IL-1ra, and IP-10 and lower eotaxin were associated with subsequent PE. The role of inflammatory factors as markers and potential mechanisms of the high prevalence of PE in T1DM merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Du
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center and Section of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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Two-hit model of brain damage in the very preterm newborn: small for gestational age and postnatal systemic inflammation. Pediatr Res 2013; 73:362-70. [PMID: 23364171 PMCID: PMC3642985 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2012.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to disentangle the contributions of perinatal systemic inflammation and being small for gestational age (SGA) to the occurrence of low Bayley Mental Development Indices (MDIs) at the age of 2 y. METHODS We measured the concentration of 25 inflammation-related proteins in blood obtained during the first two postnatal weeks from 805 infants who were born before the 28th wk of gestation and who had MDI measurements at the age of 2 y and were able to walk independently. RESULTS SGA newborns who did not have systemic inflammation (a concentration of an inflammation-related protein in the top quartile for gestational age on two days a week apart) were at a greater risk of an MDI <55, but not 55-69, than their peers who had neither SGA nor systemic inflammation. SGA infants who had elevated blood concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, or IL-8 during the first 2 postnatal weeks were at even higher risk of an MDI <55 than their SGA peers without systemic inflammation and their non-SGA peers with systemic inflammation. CONCLUSION SGA appears to place very preterm newborns at an increased risk of a very low MDI. Systemic inflammation adds considerably to the increased risk.
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