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Maharjan A, Gautam R, Lee G, Kim D, Lee D, Acharya M, Kim H, Heo Y, Kim C. Assessment of skin sensitization potential of zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, manganese oxide, and copper oxide nanoparticles through the local lymph node assay: 5-bromo-deoxyuridine flow cytometry method. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38796781 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2357466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The advent of nanotechnology has significantly spurred the utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) across diverse sectors encompassing industry, agriculture, engineering, cosmetics, and medicine. Metallic oxides including zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), manganese oxide (Mn2O3), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3), in their NP forms, have become prevalent in cosmetics and various dermal products. Despite the expanding consideration of these compounds for dermal applications, their potential for initiating skin sensitization (SS) has not been comprehensively examined. An in vivo assay, local lymph node assay: 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-flow cytometry method (LLNA: BrdU-FCM) recognized as an alternative testing method for screening SS potential was used to address these issues. Following the OECD TG 442B guidelines, NPs suspensions smaller than 50 nm size were prepared for ZnO and Al2O3 at concentrations of 10, 25, and 50%, and Mn2O3 and CuO at concentrations of 5, 10, and 25%, and applied to the dorsum of each ear of female BALB/c mice on a daily basis for 3 consecutive days. Regarding the prediction of test substance to skin sensitizer if sensitization index (SI)≥2.7, all 4 NPs were classified as non-sensitizing. The SI values were below 2.06, 1.33, 1.42, and 0.99 for ZnO, Al2O3, Mn2O3, and CuO, respectively, at all test concentrations. Although data presented were negative with respect to adverse SS potential for these 4 NPs, further confirmatory tests addressing other key events associated with SS adverse outcome pathway need to be carried out to arrive at an acceptable conclusion on the skin safety for both cosmetic and dermal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Maharjan
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Gautam
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - GiYong Lee
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School of Medical Health and Science, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - DongYoon Kim
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School of Medical Health and Science, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - DaEun Lee
- Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Manju Acharya
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - HyoungAh Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Heo
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School of Medical Health and Science, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational Health, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - ChangYul Kim
- Department of Health and Safety, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, Daegu Catholic University Graduate School of Medical Health and Science, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Imraish A, Zihlif M, Abu Thiab T, Al-Awaida W, Al-Ameer HJ, Abu-Irmaileh B, Al-Hunaiti A. Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Rosmarinic Acid Trimetallic (Cu 0.5Zn 0.5Fe 2O 4) Nanoparticles. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301739. [PMID: 38243670 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Newly, green metallic-nanoparticles (NPs) have received scientists' interest due to their wide variable medicinal applications owned to their economical synthesis and biologically compatible nature. In this study, we used rosmarinic acid (RosA) to prepare Cu0.5Zn0.5FeO4 NPs and later encapsulated them using PEG polymer. Characterization of NPs was done using the XRD method and SEM imaging. Further, we explored the encapsulated NPs for anti-inflammatory properties by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Besides, employing DPPH, NO and ABTS radical scavenging assays to examine the antioxidant activity of the synthesized Cu0.5Zn0.5FeO4 NPs. Cu0.5Zn0.5FeO4 NPs revealed moderate antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH and nitric oxide. We demonstrated that the NPs showed high potential anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner, in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 cells. To our best knowledge, this is the first report where RosA was found to be a suitable phyto source for the green synthesis of Cu0.5Zn0.5FeO4 NPs and their in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Taken together, our findings suggest that the RosA is a green resource for the eco-friendly synthesis of Cu0.5Zn0.5FeO4/PEG NPs, which further can be employed as a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Imraish
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Tuqa Abu Thiab
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Wajdy Al-Awaida
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, American University of Madaba, P.O. Box: 99, Madaba, 17110, Jordan
| | - Hamzeh J Al-Ameer
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU), Amman, 19328, Jordan
| | - Basha'er Abu-Irmaileh
- Hamdi Mango Centre for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Afnan Al-Hunaiti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Al-Abdullah Street, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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Peng S, Wang W, Zhang R, Wu C, Pan X, Huang Z. Nano-Formulations for Pulmonary Delivery: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:161. [PMID: 38399222 PMCID: PMC10893528 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology and confronting the problems of traditional pharmaceutical formulations in treating lung diseases, inhalable nano-formulations have attracted interest. Inhalable nano-formulations for treating lung diseases allow for precise pulmonary drug delivery, overcoming physiological barriers, improving aerosol lung deposition rates, and increasing drug bioavailability. They are expected to solve the difficulties faced in treating lung diseases. However, limited success has been recorded in the industrialization translation of inhalable nano-formulations. Only one relevant product has been approved by the FDA to date, suggesting that there are still many issues to be resolved in the clinical application of inhalable nano-formulations. These systems are characterized by a dependence on inhalation devices, while the adaptability of device formulation is still inconclusive, which is the most important issue impeding translational research. In this review, we categorized various inhalable nano-formulations, summarized the advantages of inhalable nano-formulations over conventional inhalation formulations, and listed the inhalable nano-formulations undergoing clinical studies. We focused on the influence of inhalation devices on nano-formulations and analyzed their adaptability. After extensive analysis of the drug delivery mechanisms, technical processes, and limitations of different inhalation devices, we concluded that vibrating mesh nebulizers might be most suitable for delivering inhalable nano-formulations, and related examples were introduced to validate our view. Finally, we presented the challenges and outlook for future development. We anticipate providing an informative reference for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Ryabova YV, Sutunkova MP, Minigalieva IA, Shabardina LV, Filippini T, Tsatsakis A. Toxicological effects of selenium nanoparticles in laboratory animals: A review. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:4-16. [PMID: 37312419 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the main toxicological studies conducted on selenium nanoparticles (NPs) using laboratory animals, up until February 28, 2023. A literature search revealed 17 articles describing experimental studies conducted on warm-blooded animals. Despite some uncertainties, in vivo studies have demonstrated that selenium NPs have an adverse effect on laboratory animals, as evidenced by several indicators of general toxic action. These effects include reductions of body mass, changes in hepatotoxicity indices (increased enzyme activity and accumulation of selenium in the liver), and the possibility of impairment of fatty acid, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolisms. However, no specific toxic action attributable solely to selenium has been identified. The LOAEL and NOAEL values are contradictory. The NOAEL was 0.22 mg/kg body weight per day for males and 0.33 mg/kg body weight per day for females, while the LOAEL was assumed to be a dose of 0.05 mg/kg of nanoselenium. This LOAEL value is much higher for rats than for humans. The relationship between the adverse effects of selenium NPs and exposure dose is controversial and presents a wide typological diversity. Further research is needed to clarify the absorption, metabolism, and long-term toxicity of selenium NPs, which is critical to improving the risk assessment of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya V Ryabova
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Stochastic Transport of Nanoparticles in Living Systems, Laboratory of Multi-Scale Mathematical Modeling, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Marina P Sutunkova
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Ilzira A Minigalieva
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Stochastic Transport of Nanoparticles in Living Systems, Laboratory of Multi-Scale Mathematical Modeling, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Lada V Shabardina
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN Research Center for Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Vanharen M, Girard D. Impact of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on eosinophils isolated from male and female individuals. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152762. [PMID: 38006680 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that some differences exist between the male and female immune systems. Despites this, a sex-based analysis is not frequently performed in most scientific published reports. Knowing that inflammation is a common undesired effect observed resulting from nanoparticle (NP) exposure, we investigate here how in vitro treatment of gold NPs with a primary size of 20 and 70 nm (AuNP20 and AuNP70, respectively) will alter the biology of human eosinophils isolated from men and women blood. We found that treatment of AuNP70, but not AuNP20, significantly delay apoptosis only in eosinophils isolated from women. AuNPs were found to decrease eosinophil phagocytosis, however, significance was only observed in AuNP20-induced eosinophils isolated from women. The production of IL-8 was significantly increased in response to both AuNPs but only in eosinophils isolated from men and the production of IL-1β was increased in AuNPs-induced eosinophils, although significance was observed only in AuNP70-induced eosinophils isolated from women. We conclude that future studies investigating the toxicity of AuNPs (or other NPs) should include a sex-based analysis, especially if the tested NPs have potential medical applications knowing the increased interest in the development of personalized precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vanharen
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Girard
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Vanharen M, Mahbeer T, Léveillé A, Méthot A, Samountry P, Girard D. Impact of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in human neutrophils in vitro and in leukocytes attraction in vivo: A sex-based analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 104:104319. [PMID: 37984677 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Some differences exist between the male and female immune systems. Despite this, a sex-based analysis is not frequently performed in most studies. Knowing that inflammation is a common undesired effect observed resulting from nanoparticle (NP) exposure, we investigate here how gold NPs with a primary size of 20 (AuNP20) and 70 nm (AuNP70) will alter the biology of polymorphonuclear neutrophil cells (PMNs) isolated from men and women as well as their potential pro-inflammatory effect in vivo in male and female mice. We found that AuNP20 significantly delay apoptosis only in PMN isolated from men. The production of interleukin (IL)- 8 by PMNs was increased by both AuNPs regardless of sex although significance was only observed in AuNP20-induced PMNs. Using the murine air pouch model of inflammation, AuNPs did not induce a neutrophilic infiltration regardless of sex. In conclusion, AuNPs could differently alter the biology of PMNs according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vanharen
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Thomas Mahbeer
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexanne Léveillé
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Audrey Méthot
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Phonsiri Samountry
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Girard
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada.
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Xia L, Park JH, Biggs K, Lee CG, Liao L, Shannahan JH. Compositional variations in metal nanoparticle components of welding fumes impact lung epithelial cell toxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:735-757. [PMID: 37485994 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2238209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Welding fumes contain harmful metals and gas by-products associated with development of lung dysfunction, asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. Two prominent welding fume particulate metal components are nanosized iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) which might induce oxidative stress and inflammation resulting in pulmonary injury. Welding fume toxicity may be dependent upon metal nanoparticle (NP) components. To examine toxicity of welding fume NP components, a system was constructed for controlled and continuous NP generation from commercial welding and customized electrodes with varying proportions of Fe and Mn. Aerosols generated consisted of nanosized particles and were compositionally consistent with each electrode. Human alveolar lung A459 epithelial cells were exposed to freshly generated metal NP mixtures at a target concentration of 100 µg/m3 for 6 hr and then harvested for assessment of cytotoxicity, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alterations in the expression of genes and proteins involved in metal regulation, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. Aerosol exposures decreased cell viability and induced increased ROS production. Assessment of gene expression demonstrated variable up-regulation in cellular mechanisms related to metal transport and storage, inflammation, and oxidative stress based upon aerosol composition. Specifically, interleukin-8 (IL-8) demonstrated the most robust changes in both transcriptional and protein levels after exposure. Interleukin-8 has been determined to serve as a primary cytokine mediating inflammatory responses induced by welding fume exposures in alveolar epithelial cells. Overall, this study demonstrated variations in cellular responses to metal NP mixtures suggesting compositional variations in NP content within welding fumes may influence inhalation toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xia
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jae Hong Park
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Katelyn Biggs
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Chang Geun Lee
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Li Liao
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan H Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Sutunkova MP, Ryabova YV, Minigalieva IA, Bushueva TV, Sakhautdinova RR, Bereza IA, Shaikhova DR, Amromina AM, Chemezov AI, Shelomencev IG, Amromin LA, Valamina IE, Toropova LV. Features of the response to subchronic low-dose exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11890. [PMID: 37482581 PMCID: PMC10363540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace element for human health and, at the same time, a major industrial metal widely used both in its elemental form and in compounds. We conducted a dose-dependent assessment of the response of outbred albino male rats to subchronic low-dose exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles administered intraperitoneally at cumulative doses of 18 and 36 mg/kg during 6 weeks to exposure groups 1 and 2, respectively. We observed disorders at different levels of organization of the body in the exposed animals, from molecular to organismal. The observed decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in nucleated blood cells gave evidence of impaired bioenergetics processes. In view of the results of the metabolomics analysis, we assume mitochondrial damage and contribution of apoptotic processes to the pathology induced by copper poisoning. We also assume neurodegenerative effects based on the assessed morphological parameters of the nervous system, results of behavioral tests, and a decreased level of expression of genes encoding NMDA receptor subunits in the hippocampus. The hepatotoxic effect noted by a number of metabolomics-based, biochemical, and cytological indicators was manifested by the impaired protein-synthesizing function of the liver and enhanced degenerative processes in its cells. We also observed a nephrotoxic effect of nanosized copper oxide with a predominant lesion of proximal kidney tubules. At the same time, both doses tested demonstrated such positive health effects as a statistically significant decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase and the nucleated blood cell DNA fragmentation factor. Judging by the changes observed, the cumulative dose of copper oxide nanoparticles of 18 mg/kg body weight administered intraperitoneally approximates the threshold one for rats. The established markers of health impairments may serve as a starting point in the development of techniques of early diagnosis of copper poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Sutunkova
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Yuliya V Ryabova
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
- Laboratory of Stochastic Transport of Nanoparticles in Living Systems, Ural Federal University, 51 Lenin Avenue, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620000
| | - Ilzira A Minigalieva
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
- Laboratory of Stochastic Transport of Nanoparticles in Living Systems, Ural Federal University, 51 Lenin Avenue, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620000
| | - Tatiana V Bushueva
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Renata R Sakhautdinova
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Ivan A Bereza
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Daria R Shaikhova
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Anna M Amromina
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Aleksei I Chemezov
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Ivan G Shelomencev
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Lev A Amromin
- Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Irene E Valamina
- Ural State Medical University, 2 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620014
| | - Liubov V Toropova
- Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling of Physical and Chemical Processes in Multiphase Media, Ural Federal University, 51 Lenin Ave, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620000.
- Otto-Schott-Institut Für Materialforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität-Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Draper M, Bester M, Van Rooy M, Oberholzer H. Adverse pulmonary effects after oral exposure to copper, manganese and mercury, alone and in mixtures, in a Spraque-Dawley rat model. Ultrastruct Pathol 2023; 47:146-159. [PMID: 36857290 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2184891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The rise in respiratory disease has been attributed to an increase in environmental pollution. Heavy metals contribute to environmental contamination via air, water, soil and food. The effects of atmospheric exposure to heavy metals on pulmonary structure and function have been researched, but the effects through drinking water have been neglected. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential in vivo alterations in the pulmonary tissue of male Sprague-Dawley rats after a 28-day oral exposure to copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and mercury (Hg), alone and in mixtures, at 100 times the World Health Organization's (WHO) safety limit for each heavy metal in drinking water. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 6): control, Cu, Mn, Hg, Cu + Mn, Cu + Hg, Mn + Hg and Cu, Mn + Hg. The morphology of lung tissue and the bronchioles were evaluated using light- and transmission electron microscopy. For all exposed groups, morphological changes included thickened inter- and intra-alveolar spaces, stratified epithelium, disrupted smooth muscle and early fibrosis and desquamation of the epithelia of the bronchioles to varying degrees. In all exposed groups, ultrastructurally, an increase in disarranged collagen and elastin fibers, nuclear membrane detachment, chromatin condensation, indistinct nucleoli and an increase in collagen fiber disarrangement was observed. This study has identified that oral exposure to Cu, Mn and Hg and as part of mixtures caused pathogenesis due to inflammation, cellular damage and fibrosis with Mn + Hg being the most potent heavy metal group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Draper
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
| | - Mj Bester
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
| | - M Van Rooy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
| | - Hm Oberholzer
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, South Africa
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Fahad ND, Radhi NS, Al-Khafaji ZS, Diwan AA. Surface modification of hybrid composite multilayers spin cold spraying for biomedical duplex stainless steel. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14103. [PMID: 36938400 PMCID: PMC10015213 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of biomaterials in biological systems is of critical significance for advancing biomedical implants. Duplex Stainless Steel alloys are the major biomaterials due to their significant characteristics. Many functional coatings are deposited on DSS alloy surfaces utilizing numerous surface coating techniques to improve their bioactivity and protect them from corrosion degradations. Coatings of titanium dioxide (TiO2), Hydroxyapatite (HA), and zinc oxide (ZnO) have received considerable attention in the field of surface bioactive modification of DSS alloy implants. The coating techniques play a key role in increasing the required biological characteristics of DSS alloys, such as biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance. In this regard, HA-ZnO, HA-TiO2, and TiO2-ZnO from each coating group are divided into single, double, and triple layers. These coatings were prepared by cold spray and deposited on the surface of the DSS alloy, followed by a heat treatment at 250 °C. The surface morphology of coated surfaces was analyzed utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopic (AFM), microhardness test, corrosion test in Ringer solution, and antibacterial test. The coatings showed nano-scale surface morphology with advanced crystallization and homogeneous structures; in the corrosion characteristics utilizing potentiodynamic polarization, triple layers of HA-ZnO coatings displayed advanced nanostructures with higher hardness values (514.75HV). The antibacterial test showed the triple layers of HA-TiO2 and two layers of TiO2-ZnO sensitivity to positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zainab S. Al-Khafaji
- Building and Construction Techniques Engineering Department, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah 51001, Iraq
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Corresponding author. Building and Construction Techniques Engineering Department, AL-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah 51001, Iraq.
| | - Abass Ali Diwan
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa. Iraq
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Gutierrez CT, Loizides C, Hafez I, Brostrøm A, Wolff H, Szarek J, Berthing T, Mortensen A, Jensen KA, Roursgaard M, Saber AT, Møller P, Biskos G, Vogel U. Acute phase response following pulmonary exposure to soluble and insoluble metal oxide nanomaterials in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:4. [PMID: 36650530 PMCID: PMC9843849 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute phase response (APR) is characterized by a change in concentration of different proteins, including C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (SAA) that can be linked to both exposure to metal oxide nanomaterials and risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we intratracheally exposed mice to ZnO, CuO, Al2O3, SnO2 and TiO2 and carbon black (Printex 90) nanomaterials with a wide range in phagolysosomal solubility. We subsequently assessed neutrophil numbers, protein and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, Saa3 and Saa1 mRNA levels in lung and liver tissue, respectively, and SAA3 and SAA1/2 in plasma. Endpoints were analyzed 1 and 28 days after exposure, including histopathology of lung and liver tissues. RESULTS All nanomaterials induced pulmonary inflammation after 1 day, and exposure to ZnO, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased Saa3 mRNA levels in lungs and Saa1 mRNA levels in liver. Additionally, CuO, SnO2, TiO2 and Printex 90 increased plasma levels of SAA3 and SAA1/2. Acute phase response was predicted by deposited surface area for insoluble metal oxides, 1 and 28 days post-exposure. CONCLUSION Soluble and insoluble metal oxides induced dose-dependent APR with different time dependency. Neutrophil influx, Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue and plasma SAA3 levels correlated across all studied nanomaterials, suggesting that these endpoints can be used as biomarkers of acute phase response and cardiovascular disease risk following exposure to soluble and insoluble particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Torero Gutierrez
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ,grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charis Loizides
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Iosif Hafez
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anders Brostrøm
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Wolff
- grid.6975.d0000 0004 0410 5926Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Józef Szarek
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Trine Berthing
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Thoustrup Saber
- grid.418079.30000 0000 9531 3915National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XSection of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George Biskos
- grid.426429.f0000 0004 0580 3152Atmosphere and Climate Research Centre, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus ,grid.5292.c0000 0001 2097 4740Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Identification of Nanoparticle Properties for Optimal Drug Delivery across a Physiological Cell Barrier. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010200. [PMID: 36678829 PMCID: PMC9865979 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) represent an attractive strategy to overcome difficulties associated with the delivery of therapeutics. Knowing the optimal properties of NPs to address these issues could allow for improved in vivo responses. This work investigated NPs prepared from 5 materials of 3 sizes and 3 concentrations applied to a cell barrier model. The NPs permeability across a cell barrier and their effects on cell barrier integrity and cell viability were evaluated. The properties of these NPs, as determined in water (traditional) vs. media (realistic), were compared to cell responses. It was found that for all cellular activities, NP properties determined in media was the best predictor of the cell response. Notably, ZnO NPs caused significant alterations to cell viability across all 3 cell lines tested. Importantly, we report that the zeta potential of NPs correlates significantly with NP permeability and NP-induced changes in cell viability. NPs with physiological-based zeta potential of -12 mV result in good cell barrier penetration without considerable changes in cell viability.
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13
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Kwon JT, Kim Y, Choi S, Yoon BL, Kim HS, Shim I, Sul D. Pulmonary Toxicity and Proteomic Analysis in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids and Lungs of Rats Exposed to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13265. [PMID: 36362054 PMCID: PMC9655042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were intratracheally instilled into lungs at concentrations of 0, 0.15, and 1.5 mg/kg bodyweight to 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress were evaluated, followed by proteomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs of rats. The CuO NPs-exposed groups revealed dose-dependent increases in total cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lactate dyhydrogenase, and total protein levels in BALF. Inflammatory cytokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α, were increased in the CuO NPs-treated groups. The expression levels of catalase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and peroxiredoxin-2 were downregulated, whereas that of superoxide dismutase-2 was upregulated in the CuO NPs-exposed groups. Five heat shock proteins were downregulated in rats exposed to high concentrations of CuO NPs. In proteomic analysis, 17 proteins were upregulated or downregulated, and 6 proteins were validated via Western blot analysis. Significant upregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase and fidgetin-like 1 and downregulation of annexin II, HSP 47 and proteasome α1 occurred in the CuO NPs exposed groups. Taken together, this study provides additional insight into pulmonary cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity as well as oxidative stress in rats exposed to CuO NPs. Proteomic analysis revealed potential toxicological biomarkers of CuO NPs, which also reveals the toxicity mechanisms of CuO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Taek Kwon
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Yoonjin Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Seonyoung Choi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Inchon-ro, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul 136-705, Korea
| | - Byung-ll Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
| | - Ilseob Shim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Donggeun Sul
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Inchon-ro, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul 136-705, Korea
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14
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Anand A, Yadav S, Phuleria HC. Chemical characteristics and oxidative potential of indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 in densely populated urban slums. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113562. [PMID: 35623440 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A significant proportion of population in metropolitan cities in India live in slums which are highly dense and crowded informal housing settlements with poor environmental conditions including high exposure to air pollution. Recent studies report that toxicity is induced by oxidative processes, mediated by the water-soluble PM chemical components leading to reactive oxygen species production thereby causing inflammatory disorders. Hence, for the first time, this study assessed the chemical characteristics and oxidative potential (OP) of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 in two slums in Mumbai, India. Daily gravimetric PM2.5 was measured in ∼40 homes each in a low- and a high-traffic slum and analysed for 18 water-soluble elements and organic carbon (WSOC). Subsequently, OP was assessed through the Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Average WSOC was similar in indoor and outdoor environments while the water-soluble concentrations of total elements ranged 4.5-6.5 μg/m3 indoors and 6.4-19.2 μg/m3 outdoors, with S, Ca, K, Na and Zn being the most abundant elements. Spatial distributions of indoor concentrations were influenced by outdoor sources such as local traffic emissions for Cd, Fe, Al and Zn. The influence of outdoor-origin particles was enhanced in homes reporting high air exchange rates. OP was higher outdoors than indoors in both low-traffic slum (0.04-0.51 nmol min-1m-3 outdoors and 0.02-0.38 nmol min-1m-3 indoors) and high-traffic slum (0.03-1.06 nmol min-1m-3 outdoors and 0.04-0.77 nmol min-1m-3 indoors). Outdoor and indoor OP was also more influenced by outdoor road dust showing significant correlation with tracer elements Cu and Al (r ≥ 0.45; p < 0.05). Similar to OP, the non-carcinogenic health risk associated with indoor PM2.5 were also higher in high-traffic slum (Hazard Index, HI = 1.60) than in low-traffic slum (HI = 0.43). Overall, this study shows that the indoor PM2.5 and its chemical constituents in Mumbai slums are primarily of outdoor origin with higher toxicity and non-carcinogenic health risk in high-traffic slums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Anand
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Suman Yadav
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Harish C Phuleria
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India; Interdisciplinary Programme in Climate Studies, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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15
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Saafane A, Durocher I, Vanharen M, Girard D. Impact of ultra-small silver nanoparticles of 2 nm (AgNP 2) on neutrophil biology: AgNP 2 alter the actin cytoskeleton and induce karyorrhexis by a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism in vitro and transitorily attract neutrophils in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110096. [PMID: 35963315 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Silver (Ag) is known as an antibacterial agent and there is a growing interest to use silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in a variety of medical applications and other sectors. Some studies reported that one of the undesired effects of AgNPs is inflammation and that these NPs can alter the biology of neutrophils. Since it is commonly accepted that the more NPs are small, the more toxic they are the aim of this study was to determine the impact of ultra-small silver nanoparticles of 2 nm (AgNP2) on the biology of neutrophils, key player cells in inflammation. We report that AgNP2 are potent neutrophil activators as they rapidly induce actin polymerization and dismantling the actin network. Although AgNP2 are not necrotic for neutrophils and do not induce ROS production, kinetic studies reveal that AgNP2 are rapid inducer of apoptosis. Pyknosis (mainly 1-2 large nuclear dots) was observed after only 1h of treatment followed by karyorrhexis (several small dots) and by a complete nuclear dissolution leading to anuclear neutrophils after 6h. These observations are not associated with the release of silver ions since treatment of neutrophils with 1-50 μg/ml AgNO3 (as a source of Ag+) did not induce any apparent changes. AgNP2 induce p38 and Erk-1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and although karyorrhexis was markedly reversed by MAPK inhibitors, the cell nuclei remain with a pyknotic-like phenotype but do not return to the characteristic polylobed nucleus. Using the murine air pouch model of inflammation AgNP2 were found to induce a neutrophil influx. Our data indicate that AgNP2 are potent neutrophil activators targeting the actin cytoskeleton and the mechanism involved for inducing apoptosis is rapid, complex, and partially includes MAPK pathways. Therefore, the ultra-small AgNP2 are more potent than larger ones for inducing apoptosis and they can transitorily attract neutrophils in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Saafane
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Durocher
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marion Vanharen
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Girard
- Laboratoire de recherche en inflammation et physiologie des granulocytes, Université du Québec, INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, Québec, Canada.
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16
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Smutná T, Dumková J, Kristeková D, Laštovičková M, Jedličková A, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Alexa L, Kotasová H, Pelková V, Večeřa Z, Křůmal K, Petráš J, Coufalík P, Všianský D, Záchej S, Pinkas D, Vondráček J, Hampl A, Mikuška P, Buchtová M. Macrophage-mediated tissue response evoked by subchronic inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles is associated with the alteration of phospholipases C and cholesterol transporters. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:52. [PMID: 35922858 PMCID: PMC9351260 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO NPs), which are emitted to the environment by high-temperature technological processes, heavily impairs target organs. These nanoparticles pass through the lung barrier and are distributed via the blood into secondary target organs, where they cause numerous pathological alterations. Here, we studied in detail, macrophages as specialized cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response in selected target organs to unravel their potential involvement in reaction to subchronic PbO NP inhalation. In this context, we also tackled possible alterations in lipid uptake in the lungs and liver, which is usually associated with foam macrophage formation. Results The histopathological analysis of PbO NP exposed lung revealed serious chronic inflammation of lung tissues. The number of total and foam macrophages was significantly increased in lung, and they contained numerous cholesterol crystals. PbO NP inhalation induced changes in expression of phospholipases C (PLC) as enzymes linked to macrophage-mediated inflammation in lungs. In the liver, the subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs caused predominantly hyperemia, microsteatosis or remodeling of the liver parenchyma, and the number of liver macrophages also significantly was increased. The gene and protein expression of a cholesterol transporter CD36, which is associated with lipid metabolism, was altered in the liver. The amount of selected cholesteryl esters (CE 16:0, CE 18:1, CE 20:4, CE 22:6) in liver tissue was decreased after subchronic PbO NP inhalation, while total and free cholesterol in liver tissue was slightly increased. Gene and protein expression of phospholipase PLCβ1 and receptor CD36 in human hepatocytes were affected also in in vitro experiments after acute PbO NP exposure. No microscopic or serious functional kidney alterations were detected after subchronic PbO NP exposure and CD68 positive cells were present in the physiological mode in its interstitial tissues. Conclusion Our study revealed the association of increased cholesterol and lipid storage in targeted tissues with the alteration of scavenger receptors and phospholipases C after subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs and yet uncovered processes, which can contribute to steatosis in liver after metal nanoparticles exposure. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00494-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Smutná
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kristeková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Laštovičková
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adriena Jedličková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Alexa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kotasová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Pelková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petráš
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Coufalík
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Všianský
- Department of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dominik Pinkas
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility of the Microscopy Centre, Institute of Molecular Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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17
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Saber AT, Hadrup N, Williams A, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Kyjovska Z, Kurz A, Jacobsen NR, Wallin H, Halappanavar S, Vogel U. Unchanged pulmonary toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles formulated in a liquid matrix for glass coating. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:812-827. [PMID: 36480659 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2152751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The inclusion of nanoparticles can increase the quality of certain products. One application is the inclusion of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in a glass coating matrix to produce a UV-absorbing coating for glass sheets. Yet, the question is whether the inclusion of ZnO in the matrix induces toxicity at low exposure levels. To test this, mice were given single intratracheal instillation of 1) ZnO powder (ZnO), 2) ZnO in a glass matrix coating in its liquid phase (ZnO-Matrix), and 3) the matrix with no ZnO (Matrix). Doses of ZnO were 0.23, 0.67, and 2 µg ZnO/mouse. ZnO Matrix doses had equal amounts of ZnO, while Matrix was adjusted to have an equal volume of matrix as ZnO Matrix. Post-exposure periods were 1, 3, or 28 d. Endpoints were pulmonary inflammation as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cellularity, genotoxicity in lung and liver, measured by comet assay, histopathology of lung and liver, and global gene expression in lung using microarrays. Neutrophil numbers were increased to a similar extent with ZnO and ZnO-Matrix at 1 and 3 d. Only weak genotoxicity without dose-response effects was observed in the lung. Lung histology showed an earlier onset of inflammation in material-exposed groups as compared to controls. Microarray analysis showed a stronger response in terms of the number of differentially regulated genes in ZnO-Matrix exposed mice as compared to Matrix only. Activated canonical pathways included inflammatory and cardiovascular ones. In conclusion, the pulmonary toxicity of ZnO was not changed by formulation in a liquid matrix for glass coating.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrew Williams
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Alicja Mortensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jozef Szarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zdenka Kyjovska
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Food, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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18
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Forest V, Pourchez J. Nano-delivery to the lung - by inhalation or other routes and why nano when micro is largely sufficient? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 183:114173. [PMID: 35217112 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases gather a wide range of disorders which are generally difficult to treat, partly due to a poor delivery of drugs to the lung with adequate dose and minimum side effects. With the recent developments of nanotechnology, nano-delivery systems have raised interest. In this review, we detail the main types of nanocarriers that have been developed presenting their respective advantages and limitations. We also discuss the route of administration (systemic versus by inhalation), also considering technical aspects (different types of aerosol devices) with concrete examples of applications. Finally, we propose some perspectives of development in the field such as the nano-in-micro approaches, the emergence of drug vaping to generate airborne carriers in the submicron size range, the development of innovative respiratory models to assess regional aerosol deposition of nanoparticles or the application of nano-delivery to the lung in the treatment of other diseases.
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19
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Gillies S, Verdon R, Stone V, Brown DM, Henry T, Tran L, Tucker C, Rossi AG, Tyler CR, Johnston HJ. Transgenic zebrafish larvae as a non-rodent alternative model to assess pro-inflammatory (neutrophil) responses to nanomaterials. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:333-354. [PMID: 35797989 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2088312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Hazard studies for nanomaterials (NMs) commonly assess whether they activate an inflammatory response. Such assessments often rely on rodents, but alternative models are needed to support the implementation of the 3Rs principles. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) offer a viable alternative for screening NM toxicity by investigating inflammatory responses. Here, we used non-protected life stages of transgenic zebrafish (Tg(mpx:GFP)i114) with fluorescently-labeled neutrophils to assess inflammatory responses to silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) NMs using two approaches. Zebrafish were exposed to NMs via water following a tail fin injury, or NMs were microinjected into the otic vesicle. Zebrafish were exposed to NMs at 3 days post-fertilization (dpf) and neutrophil accumulation at the injury or injection site was quantified at 0, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 48 h post-exposure. Zebrafish larvae were also exposed to fMLF, LTB4, CXCL-8, C5a, and LPS to identify a suitable positive control for inflammation induction. Aqueous exposure to Ag and ZnO NMs stimulated an enhanced and sustained neutrophilic inflammatory response in injured zebrafish larvae, with a greater response observed for Ag NMs. Following microinjection, Ag NMs stimulated a time-dependent neutrophil accumulation in the otic vesicle which peaked at 48 h. LTB4 was identified as a positive control for studies investigating inflammatory responses in injured zebrafish following aqueous exposure, and CXCL-8 for microinjection studies that assess responses in the otic vesicle. Our findings support the use of transgenic zebrafish to rapidly screen the pro-inflammatory effects of NMs, with potential for wider application in assessing chemical safety (e.g. pharmaceuticals).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lang Tran
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carl Tucker
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charles R Tyler
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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20
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Artificial Digestion of Polydisperse Copper Oxide Nanoparticles: Investigation of Effects on the Human In Vitro Intestinal Co-Culture Model Caco-2/HT29-MTX. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10030130. [PMID: 35324755 PMCID: PMC8955801 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NP) are increasingly used in consumer-related products, which may result in increased oral ingestion. Digestion of particles can change their physicochemical properties and toxicity. Therefore, our aim was to simulate the gastrointestinal tract using a static in vitro digestion model. Toxic properties of digested and undigested CuO-NP were compared using an epithelial mono-culture (Caco-2) and a mucus-secreting co-culture model (Caco-2/HT29-MTX). Effects on intestinal barrier integrity, permeability, cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed. CuO-NP concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 µg mL−1 were used. Particle characterization by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy showed similar mean particle sizes before and after digestion, resulting in comparable delivered particle doses in vitro. Only slight effects on barrier integrity and cell viability were detected for 100 µg mL−1 CuO-NP, while the ion control CuCl2 always caused significantly higher adverse effects. The utilized cell models were not significantly different. In summary, undigested and digested CuO-NP show comparable effects on the mono-/co-cultures, which are weaker than those of copper ions. Only in the highest concentration, CuO-NP showed weak effects on barrier integrity and cell viability. Nevertheless, a slightly increased apoptosis rate indicates existing cellular stress, which gives reason for further investigations.
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Application of Copper Nanoparticles in Dentistry. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050805. [PMID: 35269293 PMCID: PMC8912653 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles based on metal and metallic oxides have become a novel trend for dental applications. Metal nanoparticles are commonly used in dentistry for their exclusive shape-dependent properties, including their variable nano-sizes and forms, unique distribution, and large surface-area-to-volume ratio. These properties enhance the bio-physio-chemical functionalization, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Copper is an earth-abundant inexpensive metal, and its nanoparticle synthesis is cost effective. Copper nanoparticles readily intermix and bind with other metals, ceramics, and polymers, and they exhibit physiochemical stability in the compounds. Hence, copper nanoparticles are among the commonly used metal nanoparticles in dentistry. Copper nanoparticles have been used to enhance the physical and chemical properties of various dental materials, such as dental amalgam, restorative cements, adhesives, resins, endodontic-irrigation solutions, obturation materials, dental implants, and orthodontic archwires and brackets. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of copper nanoparticles and their applications in dentistry.
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22
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Mechanisms of immune response to inorganic nanoparticles and their degradation products. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114022. [PMID: 34740764 PMCID: PMC8898339 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Careful assessment of the biological fate and immune response of inorganic nanoparticles is crucial for use of such carriers in drug delivery and other biomedical applications. Many studies have elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the interaction of inorganic nanoparticles with the components of the immune system. The biodegradation and dissolution of inorganic nanoparticles can influence their ensuing immune response. While the immunological properties of inorganic nanoparticles as a function of their physicochemical properties have been investigated in detail, little attention has been paid to the immune adverse effects towards the degradation products of these nanoparticles. To fill this gap, we herein summarize the cellular mechanisms of immune response to inorganic nanoparticles and their degradation products with specific focus on immune cells. We also accentuate the importance of designing new methods and instruments for the in situ characterization of inorganic nanoparticles in order to assess their safety as a result of degradation. This review further sheds light on factors that need to be considered in the design of safe and effective inorganic nanoparticles for use in delivery of bioactive and imaging agents.
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23
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Sharif M, Rahman MAU, Ahmed B, Abbas RZ, Hassan FU. Copper Nanoparticles as Growth Promoter, Antioxidant and Anti-Bacterial Agents in Poultry Nutrition: Prospects and Future Implications. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3825-3836. [PMID: 33216319 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a vital trace mineral involved in many physiological functions of the body. In the poultry industry, copper sulfate is being used as a major source of Cu. Copper in the bulk form is less available in the body, and much of its amount excreted out with feces causing environmental pollution and economic loss. The application of nanotechnology offers promise to address these issues by making nanoparticles. Copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) are relatively more bioavailable due to their small size and high surface to volume ratio. Although, there is limited research on the use of Cu-NP in the poultry industry. Some researchers have pointed out the importance of Cu-NP as an effective alternative of chemical, anti-bacterial agents, and growth promoters. The effect of Cu-NP depends on their size, dose rate and the synthesis method. Apart from there, high bioavailability Cu-NP exhibited positive effects on the immunity of the birds. However, some toxic effects of Cu-NP have also been reported. Further investigations are essentially required to provide mechanistic insights into the role of Cu-NP in the avian physiology and their toxicological properties. This review aims to highlight the potential effects of Cu-NP on growth, immune system, antioxidant status, nutrient digestibility, and feed conversion ratio in poultry. Moreover, we have also discussed the future implications of Cu-NP as a growth promoter and alternative anti-bacterial agents in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sharif
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Bilal Ahmed
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiz-Ul Hassan
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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24
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Ghaemi F, Amiri A, Bajuri MY, Yuhana NY, Ferrara M. Role of different types of nanomaterials against diagnosis, prevention and therapy of COVID-19. SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY 2021; 72:103046. [PMID: 34055576 PMCID: PMC8146202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In 2019, a novel type of coronavirus emerged in China called SARS-COV-2, known COVID-19, threatens global health and possesses negative impact on people's quality of life, leading to an urgent need for its diagnosis and remedy. On the other hand, the presence of hazardous infectious waste led to the increase of the risk of transmitting the virus by individuals and by hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, in this review, we survey previous researches on nanomaterials that can be effective for guiding strategies to deal with the current COVID-19 pandemic and also decrease the hazardous infectious waste in the environment. We highlight the contribution of nanomaterials that possess potential to therapy, prevention, detect targeted virus proteins and also can be useful for large population screening, for the development of environmental sensors and filters. Besides, we investigate the possibilities of employing the nanomaterials in antiviral research and treatment development, examining the role of nanomaterials in antiviral- drug design, including the importance of nanomaterials in drug delivery and vaccination, and for the production of medical equipment. Nanomaterials-based technologies not only contribute to the ongoing SARS- CoV-2 research efforts but can also provide platforms and tools for the understanding, protection, detection and treatment of future viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferial Ghaemi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amirhassan Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Mohd Yazid Bajuri
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Yuliana Yuhana
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Massimiliano Ferrara
- ICRIOS - The Invernizzi Centre for Research in Innovation, Organization, Strategy and Entrepreneurship, Bocconi University, Department of Management and Technology Via Sarfatti, 25 20136, Milano (MI), Italy
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25
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Braakhuis HM, Murphy F, Ma-Hock L, Dekkers S, Keller J, Oomen AG, Stone V. An Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment to Support Grouping and Read-Across of Nanomaterials After Inhalation Exposure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:112-128. [PMID: 34746334 PMCID: PMC8567336 DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2021.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Here, we describe the generation of hypotheses for grouping nanoforms (NFs) after inhalation exposure and the tailored Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) with which each specific hypothesis can be tested. This is part of a state-of-the-art framework to support the hypothesis-driven grouping and read-across of NFs, as developed by the EU-funded Horizon 2020 project GRACIOUS. Development of Grouping Hypotheses and IATA: Respirable NFs, depending on their physicochemical properties, may dissolve either in lung lining fluid or in acidic lysosomal fluid after uptake by cells. Alternatively, NFs may also persist in particulate form. Dissolution in the lung is, therefore, a decisive factor for the toxicokinetics of NFs. This has led to the development of four hypotheses, broadly grouping NFs as instantaneous, quickly, gradually, and very slowly dissolving NFs. For instantaneously dissolving NFs, hazard information can be derived by read-across from the ions. For quickly dissolving particles, as accumulation of particles is not expected, ion toxicity will drive the toxic profile. However, the particle aspect influences the location of the ion release. For gradually dissolving and very slowly dissolving NFs, particle-driven toxicity is of concern. These NFs may be grouped by their reactivity and inflammation potency. The hypotheses are substantiated by a tailored IATA, which describes the minimum information and laboratory assessments of NFs under investigation required to justify grouping. Conclusion: The GRACIOUS hypotheses and tailored IATA for respiratory toxicity of inhaled NFs can be used to support decision making regarding Safe(r)-by-Design product development or adoption of precautionary measures to mitigate potential risks. It can also be used to support read-across of adverse effects such as pulmonary inflammation and subsequent downstream effects such as lung fibrosis and lung tumor formation after long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedwig M Braakhuis
- Centre for Health Protection and Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona Murphy
- NanoSafety Research Group, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lan Ma-Hock
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Susan Dekkers
- Centre for Health Protection and Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Keller
- Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Agnes G Oomen
- Centre for Health Protection and Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Vicki Stone
- NanoSafety Research Group, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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26
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Autophagy deficiency exacerbates acute lung injury induced by copper oxide nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:162. [PMID: 34059066 PMCID: PMC8166141 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) are one of the widely used metal nanoparticles in the industrial and commercial fields. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that delivers cytoplasmic constituents to the lysosome and has been linked to nanoparticles-induced toxicity. In particular, the roles of autophagy in response to CuONPs have been explored in vitro, although the conclusions are controversial. To clarify the role of autophagy in CuONPs-induced acute lung injury, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (Map1lc3b or lc3b) knockout mice and their corresponding wild type mice are applied. Our results showed that single-dose intratracheal instillation of CuONPs with dosages of 1.25, 2.5 or 5 mg/kg caused acute lung injury 3 days after treatment in a dose-dependent manner, as evidenced by deteriorative lung histopathology, more infiltration of macrophage cells, increased oxidative stress and copper ions. Loss of lc3b resulted in aggravated lung injury induced by CuONPs, which was probably due to the blockade of mitophagy and consequently the accumulation of aberrant mitochondria with overloaded copper ions. Our study provides the first in vivo evidence that autophagy deficiency exacerbates CuONPs-induced acute lung injury, and highlights that targeting autophagy is a meaningful strategy against CuONPs-associated respiratory toxicity.
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27
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Gautam R, Yang S, Maharjan A, Jo J, Acharya M, Heo Y, Kim C. Prediction of Skin Sensitization Potential of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Through the Human Cell Line Activation Test. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 3:649666. [PMID: 35295130 PMCID: PMC8915822 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.649666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nanotechnology has propagated the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in various fields including industry, agriculture, engineering, cosmetics, or medicine. The use of nanoparticles in cosmetics and dermal-based products is increasing owing to their higher surface area and unique physiochemical properties. Silver (Ag) NPs' excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial property and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs' ability to confer better ultraviolet (UV) protection has led to their maximal use in cosmetics and dermal products. While the consideration for use of nanoparticles is increasing, concerns have been raised regarding their potential negative impacts. Although used in various dermal products, Ag and ZnO NPs' skin sensitization (SS) potential has not been well-investigated using in vitro alternative test methods. The human Cell Line Activation Test (h-CLAT) that evaluates the ability of chemicals to upregulate the expression of CD86 and CD54 in THP-1 cell line was used to assess the skin sensitizing potential of these NPs. The h-CLAT assay was conducted following OECD TG 442E. NPs inducing relative fluorescence intensity of CD86 ≥ 150% and/or CD54 ≥ 200% in at least two out of three independent runs were predicted to be positive. Thus, Ag (20, 50, and 80 nm) NPs and ZnO NPs were all predicted to be positive in terms of SS possibility using the h-CLAT prediction model. Although further confirmatory tests addressing other key events (KEs) of SS adverse outcome pathway (AOP) should be carried out, this study gave an insight into the need for cautious use of Ag and ZnO NPs based skincare or dermal products owing to their probable skin sensitizing potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Gautam
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - SuJeong Yang
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Anju Maharjan
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - JiHun Jo
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Manju Acharya
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yong Heo
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Bio and Medical Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, The Graduate School of Medical and Health Industry, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - ChangYul Kim
- Department of Toxicity Assessment, The Graduate School of Medical and Health Industry, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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28
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Yadav E, Yadav P. Biofabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles impair cognitive function via modulating oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase level in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:572-585. [PMID: 33247493 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Current work was designed to explore the effect of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONP) biofabricated by using Trianthema portulacastrum (TP) leaves extract on mice brain hippocampus. ZnO nanoparticles of TP leaves (ZnOTP) were synthesized by co-precipitation method and further characterized by using various techniques such as UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). ZnOTP were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity, in vivo behavior models (for assessment of cognitive ability), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity along with other neurotransmitters content determination, estimation of various oxidative stress parameters and analysis of zinc content in the brain as well as plasma. Histopathological evaluation of the brain hippocampus of each group was performed to corroborate the statistical results. Spherical ZnOTP of 10 to 20 nm size embedded with different phytoconstituents of TP was confirmed. Results of our study revealed a significant memory deficit in mice treated with ZnOTP. Neuronal degeneration was also observed via a significant increase in AChE activity and oxidative stress levels in the brain of mice administered with ZnOTP. Exposure of ZnOTP was also found responsible for modulation of neurotransmission in hippocampus area. Further, ZnOTP disturbed the zinc homeostasis in hippocampus via elevation of zinc content in brain as well as plasma. Histopathology of hippocampus supported the damaging impact of ZnOTP by an increase in vacuolated cytoplasm and focal gliosis in groups treated with ZnOTP. Results demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of ZnOTP on brain hippocampus via cognitive impairment by alteration of neurotransmitter level, zinc content and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, India
| | - Pankajkumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, India
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29
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Morris AS, Givens BE, Silva A, Salem AK. Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Diameter Mediates Serum‐Sensitive Toxicity in BEAS‐2B Cells. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angie S. Morris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Department of Chemistry College of Liberal Arts and Sciences University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
| | - Brittany E. Givens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USA
| | - Aaron Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
| | - Aliasger K. Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Department of Chemistry College of Liberal Arts and Sciences University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering University of Iowa 115 S. Grand Avenue, S228 PHAR Iowa City IA 52242 USA
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30
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Elsaid K, Olabi AG, Wilberforce T, Abdelkareem MA, Sayed ET. Environmental impacts of nanofluids: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:144202. [PMID: 33385840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanofluids (NFs) have been expanding their applications in many areas as high-performance heat transfer fluid (HTF) for heating and cooling purposes. This is mainly due to the improved thermophysical properties relative to the base fluid (BF). The addition of nanoparticles (NPs) to BF, to obtain NFs, increases the thermal conductivity, hence better heat transfer properties and thermal performance. The properties of NFs can be considered somehow intermediate between those of the BF and the added solid NPs. The improved heat transfer using NFs results in increased energy conversion efficiency, which results in reduced energy consumption for heating or cooling applications. BF and their environmental impacts (EIs) have been widely discussed within the scope of their applications as a HTF, with most of the attention given to the improved energy efficiency. The IEs of NPs and their toxicity and other characteristics have been extensively studied due to the widespread applications on newly engineered NPs. However, with the evolution of expanding the applications of NFs, the different EIs were not well addressed. The discussion should consider both the base fluid and NPs added in combination as the NF constitutes. The current work presents a brief discussion on the EIs of NFs. The discussion presented in this work considers the NPs as the primary contributor to the EIs of different NFs. It was found that the EIs of NFs depend significantly on the type of NP used, followed by the BF, and finally, the loading of NPs in BF. The use of non-toxic and naturally occurring NPs at lower NPs loading in water as NF promises a much lower EIs in terms of toxicity energy requirements for production, and other EIs, while still maintaining high thermal performance. The production methods of both NPs, i.e., synthesis route, and NF, i.e., one-step or two-step, were found to have a significant effect on the associated EIs of the produced NF. The simpler NP synthesis route and NF production will result in much lower chemicals and energy requirements, which in turn reduce the EIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elsaid
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, USA.
| | - A G Olabi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Tabbi Wilberforce
- Mechanical Engineering and Design, Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt
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31
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More SL, Kovochich M, Lyons-Darden T, Taylor M, Schulte AM, Madl AK. Review and Evaluation of the Potential Health Effects of Oxidic Nickel Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:642. [PMID: 33807756 PMCID: PMC7999720 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The exceptional physical and chemical properties of nickel nanomaterials have been exploited in a range of applications such as electrical conductors, batteries, and biomaterials. However, it has been suggested that these unique properties may allow for increased bioavailability, bio-reactivity, and potential adverse health effects. Thus, the purpose of this review was to critically evaluate data regarding the toxicity of oxidic nickel nanoparticles (nickel oxide (NiO) and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanoparticles) with respect to: (1) physico-chemistry properties; (2) nanomaterial characterization in the defined delivery media; (3) appropriateness of model system and translation to potential human effects; (4) biodistribution, retention, and clearance; (5) routes and relevance of exposure; and (6) current research data gaps and likely directions of future research. Inhalation studies were prioritized for review as this represents a potential exposure route in humans. Oxidic nickel particle size ranged from 5 to 100 nm in the 60 studies that were identified. Inflammatory responses induced by exposure of oxidic nickel nanoparticles via inhalation in rodent studies was characterized as acute in nature and only displayed chronic effects after relatively large (high concentration and long duration) exposures. Furthermore, there is no evidence, thus far, to suggest that the effects induced by oxidic nickel nanoparticles are related to preneoplastic events. There are some data to suggest that nano- and micron-sized NiO particles follow a similar dose response when normalized to surface area. However, future experiments need to be conducted to better characterize the exposure-dose-response relationship according to specific surface area and reactivity as a dose metric, which drives particle dissolution and potential biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlee L. More
- Cardno ChemRisk, 6720 S Macadam Ave Suite 150, Portland, OR 97219, USA
| | - Michael Kovochich
- Cardno ChemRisk, 30 North LaSalle St Suite 3910, Chicago, IL 60602, USA;
| | - Tara Lyons-Darden
- NiPERA, 2525 Meridian Parkway, Suite 240, Durham, NC 27713, USA; (T.L.-D.); (M.T.)
| | - Michael Taylor
- NiPERA, 2525 Meridian Parkway, Suite 240, Durham, NC 27713, USA; (T.L.-D.); (M.T.)
| | - Alexandra M. Schulte
- Cardno ChemRisk, 65 Enterprise Drive Suite 150, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Amy K. Madl
- Cardno ChemRisk, 65 Enterprise Drive Suite 150, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.K.M.)
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32
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Kim SH, Lee D, Lee J, Yang JY, Seok J, Jung K, Lee J. Evaluation of the skin sensitization potential of metal oxide nanoparticles using the ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase KeratinoSens TM assay. Toxicol Res 2021; 37:277-284. [PMID: 33868983 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported the potential of chemicals for inducing skin sensitization; however, few studies have examined skin sensitization induced by nanomaterials. This study aimed to evaluate skin sensitization induced by metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) using the ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase KeratinoSens™ assay. Seven different metal oxide NPs, including copper oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, iron oxide, and zinc oxide, were assessed on KeratinoSens™ cells. We selected an appropriate vehicle among three vehicles (DMSO, DW, and culture medium) by assessing the hydrodynamic size at vehicle selection process. Seven metal oxide NPs were analyzed, and their physicochemical properties, including hydrodynamic size, polydispersity, and zeta potential, were determined in the selected vehicle. Thereafter, we assessed the sensitization potential of the NPs using the ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase KeratinoSens™ assay. Copper oxide NPs induced a positive response, whereas cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, iron oxide, and zinc oxide NPs induced no response. These results suggest that the ARE-Nrf2 Luciferase KeratinoSens™ assay may be useful for evaluating the potential for skin sensitization induced by metal oxide NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Kim
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
| | - DongHan Lee
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
| | - JinHee Lee
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
| | - Jun-Young Yang
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
| | - JiHyun Seok
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
| | - Kikyung Jung
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
| | - JongKwon Lee
- Division of Toxicological Research, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong, Korea
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33
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Skibba M, Drelich A, Poellmann M, Hong S, Brasier AR. Nanoapproaches to Modifying Epigenetics of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition for Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:607689. [PMID: 33384604 PMCID: PMC7770469 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.607689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronically progressive interstitial lung that affects over 3 M people worldwide and rising in incidence. With a median survival of 2-3 years, IPF is consequently associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. Although two antifibrotic therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are approved for human use, these agents reduce the rate of decline of pulmonary function but are not curative and do not reverse established fibrosis. In this review, we discuss the prevailing epithelial injury hypothesis, wherein pathogenic airway epithelial cell-state changes known as Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) promotes the expansion of myofibroblast populations. Myofibroblasts are principal components of extracellular matrix production that result in airspace loss and mortality. We review the epigenetic transition driving EMT, a process produced by changes in histone acetylation regulating mesenchymal gene expression programs. This mechanistic work has focused on the central role of bromodomain-containing protein 4 in mediating EMT and myofibroblast transition and initial preclinical work has provided evidence of efficacy. As nanomedicine presents a promising approach to enhancing the efficacy of such anti-IPF agents, we then focus on the state of nanomedicine formulations for inhalable delivery in the treatment of pulmonary diseases, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), inorganic NPs, and exosomes. These nanoscale agents potentially provide unique properties to existing pulmonary therapeutics, including controlled release, reduced systemic toxicity, and combination delivery. NP-based approaches for pulmonary delivery thus offer substantial promise to modify epigenetic regulators of EMT and advance treatments for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Skibba
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI, United States
| | - Adam Drelich
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Michael Poellmann
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Seungpyo Hong
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI, United States
- Yonsei Frontier Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Allan R. Brasier
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), Madison, WI, United States
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Bi Q, Song X, Hu A, Luo T, Jin R, Ai H, Nie Y. Magnetofection: Magic magnetic nanoparticles for efficient gene delivery. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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Kobayashi T, Oshima Y, Tsubokura Y, Muroi T, Ajimi S, Nakai M, Kawaguchi K, Sasaki T, Shinohara N, Imatanaka N. Time-course comparison of pulmonary inflammation induced by intratracheal instillation of four different nickel oxide nanoparticles in male Fischer rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2020; 34:43-55. [PMID: 33627944 PMCID: PMC7890174 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2020-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure to nickel oxide (NiO) is an important cause of respiratory tract cancer. Toxicity is known to be associated with the dissociated component, i.e. nickel (II) ions. To address the relationship between physicochemical properties, including solubility in artificial lysosomal fluid, of NiO and time-course changes in the pulmonary response, we conducted an intratracheal instillation study in male Fischer rats using four different well-characterized NiO products, US3352 (NiO A), NovaWireNi01 (NiO B), I small particle (NiO C), and 637130 (NiO D). The NiOs were suspended in purified water and instilled once intratracheally into male F344 rats (12 weeks old) at 0 (vehicle control), 0.67, 2, and 6 mg/kg body weight. The animals were euthanized on days 3, 28, or 91 after instillation, and blood analysis, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) testing, and histopathological examination were performed. The most soluble product, NiO B, caused the most severe systemic toxicity, leading to a high mortality rate, but the response was transient and surviving animals recovered. The second-most-soluble material, NiO D, and the third, NiO A, caused evident pulmonary inflammation, and the responses persisted for at least 91 days with collagen proliferation. In contrast, NiO C induced barely detectable inflammation in the BALF examination, and no marked changes were noted on histopathology. These results indicate that the early phase toxic potential of NiO products, but not the persistence of pulmonary inflammation, is associated with their solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kobayashi
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yutaka Oshima
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsubokura
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan
| | - Takako Muroi
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan
| | - Shozo Ajimi
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakai
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawaguchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560, Japan
| | - Naohide Shinohara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560, Japan
| | - Nobuya Imatanaka
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822 Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita 877-0061, Japan
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Hadrup N, Aimonen K, Ilves M, Lindberg H, Atluri R, Sahlgren NM, Jacobsen NR, Barfod KK, Berthing T, Lawlor A, Norppa H, Wolff H, Jensen KA, Hougaard KS, Alenius H, Catalan J, Vogel U. Pulmonary toxicity of synthetic amorphous silica - effects of porosity and copper oxide doping. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:96-113. [PMID: 33176111 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1842932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Materials can be modified for improved functionality. Our aim was to test whether pulmonary toxicity of silica nanomaterials is increased by the introduction of: a) porosity; and b) surface doping with CuO; and whether c) these modifications act synergistically. Mice were exposed by intratracheal instillation and for some doses also oropharyngeal aspiration to: 1) solid silica 100 nm; 2) porous silica 100 nm; 3) porous silica 100 nm with CuO doping; 4) solid silica 300 nm; 5) porous silica 300 nm; 6) solid silica 300 nm with CuO doping; 7) porous silica 300 nm with CuO doping; 8) CuO nanoparticles 9.8 nm; or 9) carbon black Printex 90 as benchmark. Based on a pilot study, dose levels were between 0.5 and 162 µg/mouse (0.2 and 8.1 mg/kg bw). Endpoints included pulmonary inflammation (neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar fluid), acute phase response, histopathology, and genotoxicity assessed by the comet assay, micronucleus test, and the gamma-H2AX assay. The porous silica materials induced greater pulmonary inflammation than their solid counterparts. A similar pattern was seen for acute phase response induction and histologic changes. This could be explained by a higher specific surface area per mass unit for the most toxic particles. CuO doping further increased the acute phase response normalized according to the deposited surface area. We identified no consistent evidence of synergism between surface area and CuO doping. In conclusion, porosity and CuO doping each increased the toxicity of silica nanomaterials and there was no indication of synergy when the modifications co-occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kukka Aimonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marit Ilves
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Lindberg
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rambabu Atluri
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas M Sahlgren
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth K Barfod
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Experimental Animal Models, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alan Lawlor
- CEH Lancaster, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Harri Alenius
- Human Microbiome Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of environmental medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Catalan
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), Copenhagen, Denmark.,DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Mo Y, Zhang Y, Wan R, Jiang M, Xu Y, Zhang Q. miR-21 mediates nickel nanoparticle-induced pulmonary injury and fibrosis. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:1175-1197. [PMID: 32924694 PMCID: PMC7984410 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1808727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We and other groups have demonstrated that exposure to nickel nanoparticles (Nano-Ni) results in severe and persistent lung inflammation and fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we propose that miR-21 may play an important role in Nano-Ni-induced lung inflammation, injury, and fibrosis. Our dose- and time-response studies demonstrated that exposure of C57BL/6J (WT) mice to Nano-Ni resulted in upregulation of miR-21, proinflammatory cytokines, and profibrotic mediators. Histologically, exposure to Nano-Ni caused severe pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Based on the dose- and time-response studies, we chose a dose of 50 µg of Nano-Ni per mouse to compare the effects of Nano-Ni on WT with those on miR-21 KO mouse lungs. At day 3 post-exposure, Nano-Ni caused severe acute lung inflammation and injury that were reflected by increased neutrophil count, CXCL1/KC level, LDH activity, total protein concentration, MMP-2/9 protein levels and activities, and proinflammatory cytokines in the BALF or lung tissues from WT mice, which were confirmed histologically. Although Nano-Ni had similar effects on miR-21 KO mice, the above-mentioned levels were significantly lower than those in WT mice. Histologically, lungs from WT mice exposed to Nano-Ni had infiltration of a large number of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells and macrophages in the alveolar space and interstitial tissues. However, exposure of miR-21 KO mice to Nano-Ni only caused mild acute lung inflammation and injury. At day 42 post-exposure, Nano-Ni caused extensive pulmonary fibrosis and chronic inflammation in the WT mouse lungs. However, exposure of miR-21 KO mice to Nano-Ni only caused mild lung fibrosis and chronic lung inflammation. Our results also showed that exposure to Nano-Ni caused upregulation of TGF-β1, phospho-Smad2, COL1A1, and COL3A1 in both WT and miR-21 KO mouse lungs. However, levels were significantly lower in miR-21 KO mice than in WT mice, except TGF-β1, which was similar in both kinds of mice. Decreased expression of Smad7 was observed in WT mouse lungs, but not in miR-21 KO mice. Our results demonstrated that knocking out miR-21 ameliorated Nano-Ni-induced pulmonary inflammation, injury, and fibrosis, suggesting the important role of miR-21 in Nano-Ni-induced pulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Youqiong Xu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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38
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Tomonaga T, Izumi H, Oyabu T, Lee BW, Kubo M, Shimada M, Noguchi S, Nishida C, Yatera K, Morimoto Y. Assessment of Cytokine-Induced Neutrophil Chemoattractants as Biomarkers for Prediction of Pulmonary Toxicity of Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081563. [PMID: 32784876 PMCID: PMC7466583 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This work determines whether cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractants (CINC)-1, CINC-2 and CINC-3 can be markers for predicting high or low pulmonary toxicity of nanomaterials (NMs). We classified NMs of nickel oxide (NiO) and cerium dioxide (CeO2) into high toxicity and NMs of two types of titanium dioxides (TiO2 (P90 and rutile)) and zinc oxide (ZnO) into low toxicity, and we analyzed previous data of CINCs in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats from three days to six months after intratracheal instillation (0.2 and 1.0 mg) and inhalation exposure (0.32–10.4 mg/m3) of materials (NiO, CeO2, TiO2 (P90 and rutile), ZnO NMs and micron-particles of crystalline silica (SiO2)). The concentration of CINC-1 and CINC-2 in BALF had different increase tendency between high and low pulmonary toxicity of NMs and correlated with the other inflammatory markers in BALF. However, CINC-3 increased only slightly in a dose-dependent manner compared with CINC-1 and CINC-2. Analysis of receiver operating characteristics for the toxicity of NMs by CINC-1 and CINC-2 showed the most accuracy of discrimination of the toxicity at one week or one month after exposure and CINC-1 and CINC-2 in BALF following intratracheal instillation of SiO2 as a high toxicity could accurately predict the toxicity at more than one month after exposure. These data suggest that CINC-1 and CINC-2 may be useful biomarkers for the prediction of pulmonary toxicity of NMs relatively early in both intratracheal instillation and inhalation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Tomonaga
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (H.I.); (T.O.); (B.-W.L.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-93-691-7466
| | - Hiroto Izumi
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (H.I.); (T.O.); (B.-W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Takako Oyabu
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (H.I.); (T.O.); (B.-W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Byeong-Woo Lee
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (H.I.); (T.O.); (B.-W.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Masaru Kubo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 4-1 Kagamiyama 1-chome, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Manabu Shimada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 4-1 Kagamiyama 1-chome, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Shingo Noguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (S.N.); (C.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Chinatsu Nishida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (S.N.); (C.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (S.N.); (C.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yasuo Morimoto
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (H.I.); (T.O.); (B.-W.L.); (Y.M.)
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39
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Siivola KM, Suhonen S, Hartikainen M, Catalán J, Norppa H. Genotoxicity and cellular uptake of nanosized and fine copper oxide particles in human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 856-857:503217. [PMID: 32928365 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied the genotoxicity and cellular uptake of nanosized (<50 nm) and fine (<10 μm) copper oxide (CuO) particles in vitro in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. In addition, the effect of dispersing the particles using bovine serum albumin (BSA) on DNA damage induction was investigated. DNA damage was assessed by the alkaline comet (single cell gel electrophoresis) assay after 3-h, 6-h and 24-h exposures. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was applied to study chromosome damage. Both fine- and nanosized CuO particles induced a dose-dependent increase in DNA damage at all timepoints tested. However, nanosized CuO damaged DNA at lower doses and higher levels compared with fine CuO. Dispersing the nanoparticles in the presence of BSA (0.6 mg/mL) resulted in a small and inconsistent decrease in DNA damage compared with dispersions in serum-free cell culture medium only. CuO nanoparticles induced a clear dose-dependent increase in micronucleated cells at doses that strongly increased cytostasis and were markedly cytotoxic at 24 and 48 h. Fine CuO showed a slight induction of micronuclei. Hyperspectral microscopy indicated a substantial cellular uptake of both types of particles after a 3-h exposure to a dose of 20 μg/cm2. The number of particles internalized by the cells was higher for nanosized than fine CuO, as quantified by the frequency of spectral matches in the total cell area and by the number of spectrally matched visible particles or agglomerates per cell. The particle uptake was limited by particle size. The stronger genotoxic activity of nanosized than fine CuO particles is likely to derive from the higher cellular uptake and more effective intracellular dissolution of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi M Siivola
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Satu Suhonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Julia Catalán
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Anatomy Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Hannu Norppa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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40
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Secondo LE, Avrutin V, Ozgur U, Topsakal E, Lewinski NA. Real-time monitoring of cellular oxidative stress during aerosol sampling: a proof of concept study. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:767-774. [PMID: 32529856 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1774774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Portable In Vitro Exposure Cassette (PIVEC) was developed for on-site air quality testing using lung cells. Here, we describe the incorporation of a sensor within the PIVEC for real time monitoring of cellular oxidative stress during exposure to contaminated air. An electrochemical, enzymatic biosensor based on cytochrome c (cyt c) was selected to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide and super oxides, due to the stability of signal over time. Human A549 lung cells were grown at the air-liquid interface and exposed within the PIVEC to dry 40 nm copper nanoparticle aerosols for 10 minutes. The generation of ROS compounds was measured during exposure and post-exposure for one hour using the biosensor and compared to intracellular ROS determined using the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluoroscein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. A similar increase in oxidative stress upon aerosol exposure was measured using both the cyt c biosensor and DCFH-DA assay. The incorporation of a biosensor within the PIVEC is a unique, first-of-its-kind system designed to monitor the real-time effect of aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn E Secondo
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Vitaliy Avrutin
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Umit Ozgur
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Erdem Topsakal
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nastassja A Lewinski
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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41
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Bessa MJ, Brandão F, Viana M, Gomes JF, Monfort E, Cassee FR, Fraga S, Teixeira JP. Nanoparticle exposure and hazard in the ceramic industry: an overview of potential sources, toxicity and health effects. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109297. [PMID: 32155489 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ceramic industry is an industrial sector of great impact in the global economy that has been benefiting from advances in materials and processing technologies. Ceramic manufacturing has a strong potential for airborne particle formation and emission, namely of ultrafine particles (UFP) and nanoparticles (NP), meaning that workers of those industries are at risk of potential exposure to these particles. At present, little is known on the impact of engineered nanoparticles (ENP) on the environment and human health and no established Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) or specific regulations to airborne nanoparticles (ANP) exposure exist raising concerns about the possible consequences of such exposure. In this paper, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on occupational exposure to NP in the ceramic industry and their impact on human health. Possible sources and exposure scenarios, a summary of the existing methods for evaluation and monitoring of ANP in the workplace environment and proposed Nano Reference Values (NRV) for different classes of NP are presented. Case studies on occupational exposure to ANP generated at different stages of the ceramic manufacturing process are described. Finally, the toxicological potential of intentional and unintentional ANP that have been identified in the ceramic industry workplace environment is discussed based on the existing evidence from in vitro and in vivo inhalation toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Bessa
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Brandão
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mar Viana
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - João F Gomes
- CERENA, Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente/Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Eliseo Monfort
- Institute of Ceramic Technology (ITC), Universitat Jaume I, 12006, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Sónia Fraga
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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42
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Sivasankarapillai VS, Pillai AM, Rahdar A, Sobha AP, Das SS, Mitropoulos AC, Mokarrar MH, Kyzas GZ. On Facing the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) with Combination of Nanomaterials and Medicine: Possible Strategies and First Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E852. [PMID: 32354113 PMCID: PMC7712148 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Global health is facing the most dangerous situation regarding the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome called coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is widely known as the abbreviated COVID-19 pandemic. This is due to the highly infectious nature of the disease and its possibility to cause pneumonia induced death in approximately 6.89% of infected individuals (data until 27 April 2020). The pathogen causing COVID-19 is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is believed to be originated from the Wuhan Province in China. Unfortunately, an effective and approved vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 virus is still not available, making the situation more dangerous and currently available medical care futile. This unmet medical need thus requires significant and very urgent research attention to develop an effective vaccine to address the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this review, the state-of-the-art drug design strategies against the virus are critically summarized including exploitations of novel drugs and potentials of repurposed drugs. The applications of nanochemistry and general nanotechnology was also discussed to give the status of nanodiagnostic systems for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akhilash M. Pillai
- Department of Chemistry, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695034, India;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98615538, Iran
| | - Anumol P. Sobha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695581, India;
| | - Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India;
| | | | | | - George Z. Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece;
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Bělinová T, Machová I, Beke D, Fučíková A, Gali A, Humlová Z, Valenta J, Hubálek Kalbáčová M. Immunomodulatory Potential of Differently-Terminated Ultra-Small Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E573. [PMID: 32235697 PMCID: PMC7153366 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-small nanoparticles with sizes comparable to those of pores in the cellular membrane possess significant potential for application in the field of biomedicine. Silicon carbide ultra-small nanoparticles with varying surface termination were tested for the biological system represented by different human cells (using a human osteoblastic cell line as the reference system and a monocyte/macrophage cell line as immune cells). The three tested nanoparticle surface terminations resulted in the observation of different effects on cell metabolic activity. These effects were mostly noticeable in cases of monocytic cells, where each type of particle caused a completely different response ('as-prepared' particles, i.e., were highly cytotoxic, -OH terminated particles slightly increased the metabolic activity, while -NH2 terminated particles caused an almost doubled metabolic activity) after 24 h of incubation. Subsequently, the release of cytokines from such treated monocytes and their differentiation into activated cells was determined. The results revealed the potential modulation of immune cell behavior following stimulation with particular ultra-small nanoparticles, thus opening up new fields for novel silicon carbide nanoparticle biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Bělinová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Machová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - David Beke
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Fučíková
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Gali
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zuzana Humlová
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Valenta
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Hubálek Kalbáčová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic
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Persaud I, Raghavendra AJ, Paruthi A, Alsaleh NB, Minarchick VC, Roede JR, Podila R, Brown JM. Defect-induced electronic states amplify the cellular toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:145-161. [PMID: 31553248 PMCID: PMC7036006 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1668067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in numerous applications, including sunscreens, cosmetics, textiles, and electrical devices. Increased consumer and occupational exposure to ZnO NPs potentially poses a risk for toxicity. While many studies have examined the toxicity of ZnO NPs, little is known regarding the toxicological impact of inherent defects arising from batch-to-batch variations. It was hypothesized that the presence of varying chemical defects in ZnO NPs will contribute to cellular toxicity in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs). Pristine and defected ZnO NPs (oxidized, reduced, and annealed) were prepared and assessed three major cellular outcomes; cytotoxicity/apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ZnO NPs chemical defects were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence. Increased toxicity was observed in defected ZnO NPs compared to the pristine NPs as measured by cell viability, ER stress, and glutathione redox potential. It was determined that ZnO NPs induced ER stress through the PERK pathway. Taken together, these results demonstrate a previously unrecognized contribution of chemical defects to the toxicity of ZnO NPs, which should be considered in the risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indushekhar Persaud
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Achyut J. Raghavendra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Clemson Nanomaterials Center and COMSET, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Archini Paruthi
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, IN
| | - Nasser B. Alsaleh
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Valerie C. Minarchick
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James R. Roede
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Podila
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Clemson Nanomaterials Center and COMSET, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Jared M. Brown
- Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Alsaleh NB, Brown JM. Engineered Nanomaterials and Type I Allergic Hypersensitivity Reactions. Front Immunol 2020; 11:222. [PMID: 32117324 PMCID: PMC7033602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I allergic hypersensitivity disorders (atopy) including asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and food allergy are on the rise in developed and developing countries. Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) span a large spectrum of material compositions including carbonic, metals, polymers, lipid-based, proteins, and peptides and are being utilized in a wide range of industries including healthcare and pharmaceuticals, electronics, construction, and food industry, and yet, regulations for the use of ENMs in consumer products are largely lacking. Prior evidence has demonstrated the potential of ENMs to induce and/or aggravate type I allergic hypersensitivity responses. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that ENMs could directly interact with and activate key T-helper 2 (Th2) effector cell types (such as mast cells) and the complement system, which could result in pseudoallergic (non-IgE-mediated) hypersensitivity reactions. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ENM-mediated induction and/or exacerbation of type I immune responses are poorly understood. In this review, we first highlight key examples of studies that have demonstrated inherent immunomodulatory properties of ENMs in the context of type I allergic hypersensitivity reactions, and most importantly, we attempt to put together the potential molecular mechanisms that could drive ENM-mediated stimulation and/or aggravation of type I allergic hypersensitivity responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser B Alsaleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jared M Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Colorado Center for Nanomedicine and Nanosafety, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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Hadrup N, Saber AT, Kyjovska ZO, Jacobsen NR, Vippola M, Sarlin E, Ding Y, Schmid O, Wallin H, Jensen KA, Vogel U. Pulmonary toxicity of Fe 2O 3, ZnFe 2O 4, NiFe 2O 4 and NiZnFe 4O 8 nanomaterials: Inflammation and DNA strand breaks. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 74:103303. [PMID: 31794919 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to metal oxide nanomaterials potentially occurs at the workplace. We investigated the toxicity of two Fe-oxides: Fe2O3 nanoparticles and nanorods; and three MFe2O4 spinels: NiZnFe4O8, ZnFe2O4, and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles. Mice were dosed 14, 43 or 128 μg by intratracheal instillation. Recovery periods were 1, 3, or 28 days. Inflammation - neutrophil influx into bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid - occurred for Fe2O3 rods (1 day), ZnFe2O4 (1, 3 days), NiFe2O4 (1, 3, 28 days), Fe2O3 (28 days) and NiZnFe4O8 (28 days). Conversion of mass-dose into specific surface-area-dose showed that inflammation correlated with deposited surface area and consequently, all these nanomaterials belong to the so-called low-solubility, low-toxicity class. Increased levels of DNA strand breaks were observed for both Fe2O3 particles and rods, in BAL cells three days post-exposure. To our knowledge, this is, besides magnetite (Fe3O4), the first study of the pulmonary toxicity of MFe2O4 spinel nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Zdenka O Kyjovska
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Minnamari Vippola
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, P.O.Box 589, 33014 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Essi Sarlin
- Materials Science and Environmental Engineering, Tampere University, P.O.Box 589, 33014 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Yaobo Ding
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Keld A Jensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NFA), 105 Lersø Parkallé, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Danish Technical University (DTU), DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Examining the in vivo pulmonary toxicity of engineered metal oxide nanomaterials using a genetic algorithm-based dose-response-recovery clustering model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2019.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sehsah R, Wu W, Ichihara S, Hashimoto N, Hasegawa Y, Zong C, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, Elsayed AA, El-Bestar S, Kamel E, Ichihara G. Role of Nrf2 in inflammatory response in lung of mice exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Part Fibre Toxicol 2019; 16:47. [PMID: 31842927 PMCID: PMC6915997 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-019-0328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely used in many industrial sectors and previous studies have reported that exposure of the lungs to ZnO-NPs induces both acute and/or chronic pulmonary inflammation, but the exact mechanism underlying such response remains elusive. This study investigated the role of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in pulmonary inflammation induced by exposure to ZnO-NPs using Nrf2 null (Nrf2−/−) mice. Methods Twenty-four male Nrf2−/− mice and thirty male wild type C57BL/6 J mice were divided into three groups of eight and ten each respectively, and exposed once to ZnO-NPs at 0, 10, 30 μg/mouse by pharyngeal aspiration. At 14 days after the exposure to ZnO-NPs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs were collected to quantify protein level and the number of inflammatory cells. The mRNA levels of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue were measured. Results Exposure to ZnO-NPs dose-dependently increased the number of total cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and eosinophils in BALF both in Nrf2−/− mice and wild type mice, but the magnitude of increase was significantly higher in Nrf2−/− mice than wild type mice. The number of neutrophils in BALF increased in Nrf2−/− mice, being accompanied by marginal trend of increase in mRNA expression of MIP-2, neutrophil chemoattractant, but such changes were not observed in wild type mice. Exposure to ZnO-NPs did not dose-dependently increase mRNA level of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes both in Nrf2−/− mice and wild type mice. Conclusion Pharyngeal aspiration of ZnO-NPs induced infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung of mice, but minimally induced Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes. The results suggest that Nrf2 play a role in negative regulation on ZnO-NP exposure-induced neutrophil migration, but does not demonstrate that the regulation is through suppression of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Sehsah
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wenting Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Naozumi Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Cai Zong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ahmed Ali Elsayed
- Department of Pathology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Soheir El-Bestar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Emily Kamel
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. .,Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.
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Tomašek I, Damby DE, Horwell CJ, Ayris PM, Delmelle P, Ottley CJ, Cubillas P, Casas AS, Bisig C, Petri-Fink A, Dingwell DB, Clift MJD, Drasler B, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Assessment of the potential for in-plume sulphur dioxide gas-ash interactions to influence the respiratory toxicity of volcanic ash. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108798. [PMID: 31629947 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volcanic plumes are complex environments composed of gases and ash particles, where chemical and physical processes occur at different temperature and compositional regimes. Commonly, soluble sulphate- and chloride-bearing salts are formed on ash as gases interact with ash surfaces. Exposure to respirable volcanic ash following an eruption is potentially a significant health concern. The impact of such gas-ash interactions on ash toxicity is wholly un-investigated. Here, we study, for the first time, whether the interaction of volcanic particles with sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas, and the resulting presence of sulphate salt deposits on particle surfaces, influences toxicity to the respiratory system, using an advanced in vitro approach. METHODS To emplace surface sulphate salts on particles, via replication of the physicochemical reactions that occur between pristine ash surfaces and volcanic gas, analogue substrates (powdered synthetic volcanic glass and natural pumice) were exposed to SO2 at 500 °C, in a novel Advanced Gas-Ash Reactor, resulting in salt-laden particles. The solubility of surface salt deposits was then assessed by leaching in water and geochemical modelling. A human multicellular lung model was exposed to aerosolised salt-laden and pristine (salt-free) particles, and incubated for 24 h. Cell cultures were subsequently assessed for biological endpoints, including cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase release), oxidative stress (oxidative stress-related gene expression; heme oxygenase 1 and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1) and its (pro-)inflammatory response (tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin 8 and interleukin 1β at gene and protein levels). RESULTS In the lung cell model no significant effects were observed between the pristine and SO2-exposed particles, indicating that the surface salt deposits, and the underlying alterations to the substrate, do not cause acute adverse effects in vitro. Based on the leachate data, the majority of the sulphate salts from the ash surfaces are likely to dissolve in the lungs prior to cellular uptake. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that interaction of volcanic ash with SO2 during ash generation and transport does not significantly affect the respiratory toxicity of volcanic ash in vitro. Therefore, sulphate salts are unlikely a dominant factor controlling variability in in vitro toxicity assessments observed during previous eruption response efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Tomašek
- Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience, Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Science Labs, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - David E Damby
- Volcano Science Center, United States Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, 94025, United States
| | - Claire J Horwell
- Institute of Hazard, Risk and Resilience, Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Science Labs, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M Ayris
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Section for Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 41, D-80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Pierre Delmelle
- Earth & Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix Du Sud 2, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Christopher J Ottley
- Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Science Labs, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Cubillas
- Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Science Labs, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ana S Casas
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Section for Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 41, D-80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Bisig
- BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland; Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Musee, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Donald B Dingwell
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Section for Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 41, D-80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin J D Clift
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park Campus, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Drasler
- BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
- BioNanomaterials, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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50
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Bláhová L, Nováková Z, Večeřa Z, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Dumková J, Křůmal K, Mikuška P, Buchtová M, Hampl A, Hilscherová K, Bláha L. The effects of nano-sized PbO on biomarkers of membrane disruption and DNA damage in a sub-chronic inhalation study on mice. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:214-231. [PMID: 31726900 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1685696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the production of engineered nanoparticles increases our knowledge of toxicity and mechanisms of bioactivity during relevant exposures is lacking. In the present study mice were exposed to PbO nanoparticles (PbONP; 192.5 µg/m3; 1.93 × 106 particles/cm3) for 2, 5 and 13 weeks through continuous inhalation. The analyses addressed Pb and PbONP distribution in organs (lung, liver, kidney, brain) using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy, as well as histopathology and analyses of oxidative stress biomarkers. New LC-MS/MS methods were validated for biomarkers of lipid damage F2-isoprostanes (8-iso-prostaglandins F2-alpha and E2) and hydroxylated deoxoguanosine (8-OHdG, marker of DNA oxidation). Commonly studied malondialdehyde was also measured as TBARS by HPLC-DAD. The study revealed fast blood transport and distribution of Pb from the lung to the kidney and liver. A different Pb accumulation trend was observed in the brain, suggesting transfer of NP along the nasal nerve to the olfactory bulbs. Long-term inhalation of PbONP caused lipid peroxidation in animal brains (increased levels of TBARS and both isoprostanes). Membrane lipid damage was also detected in the kidney after shorter exposures, but not in the liver or lung. On the contrary, longer exposures to PbONP increased levels of 8-OHdG in the lung and temporarily increased lung weight after 2 and 5 weeks of exposure. The histopathological changes observed mainly in the lung and liver indicated inflammation and general toxicity responses. The present long-term inhalation study indicates risks of PbONP to both human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bláhová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nováková
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bláha
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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