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Villagomez FR, Lang J, Nunez-Avellaneda D, Behbakht K, Dimmick HL, Webb P, Nephew KP, Neville M, Woodruff ER, Bitler BG. Claudin-4 remodeling of nucleus-cell cycle crosstalk maintains ovarian tumor genome stability and drives resistance to genomic instability-inducing agents. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.04.611120. [PMID: 39282307 PMCID: PMC11398366 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.04.611120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
During cancer development, the interplay between the nucleus and the cell cycle leads to a state of genomic instability, often accompanied by observable morphological aberrations. These aberrations can be controlled by tumor cells to evade cell death, either by preventing or eliminating genomic instability. In epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), overexpression of the multifunctional protein claudin-4 is a key contributor to therapy resistance through mechanisms associated with genomic instability. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying claudin-4 overexpression in EOC remain poorly understood. Here, we altered claudin-4 expression and employed a unique claudin-4 targeting peptide (CMP) to manipulate the function of claudin-4. We found that claudin-4 facilitates genome maintenance by linking the nuclear envelope and cytoskeleton dynamics with cell cycle progression. Claudin-4 caused nuclei constriction by excluding lamin B1 and promoting perinuclear F-actin accumulation, associated with remodeling nuclear architecture, thus altering nuclear envelope dynamics. Consequently, cell cycle modifications due to claudin-4 overexpression resulted in fewer cells entering the S-phase and reduced genomic instability. Importantly, disrupting biological interactions of claudin-4 using CMP and forskolin altered oxidative stress cellular response and increased the efficacy of PARP inhibitor treatment. Our data indicate that claudin-4 protects tumor genome integrity by remodeling the crosstalk between the nuclei and the cell cycle, leading to resistance to genomic instability formation and the effects of genomic instability-inducing agents. Abstract Figure
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Oudard S, Timsit MO, Maillet D, Mouillet G, Campedel L, Colomba É, Dourthe LM, Eymard JC, Gobert A, Jamet C, Joly C, Serrate C, Ploussard G. [Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and PARP inhibitors: From tumor genomics to new therapeutic combinations]. Bull Cancer 2024:S0007-4551(24)00254-6. [PMID: 39232886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer remains lethal and a therapeutic challenge. Current strategies are geared towards the personalization of treatments based on the identification of relevant molecular targets, including genomic alterations involved in tumoral processes. Among these novel targeted therapies, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), by blocking the action of enzymes involved in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair, induce the destruction of cells carrying defects in homologous recombination repair, often associated with alterations in genes involved in this mechanism. Thus, determining the presence of a molecular anomaly, particularly alterations in the BRCA1/2 genes, is a prerequisite for initiating PARPi monotherapy. In patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer , around 20-30 % carry this type of mutation. In this population, single-agent studies have demonstrated PARPi ability to prolong overall survival, and to improve symptom control, including pain. Other studies are underway to assess their effectiveness in combination with other therapies, and it already appears that association with new-generation hormone therapy can further prolong radiological progression-free survival, regardless of the mutation status of the genes involved in DNA repair, indicating a synergistic action between PARPi and new-generation hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Oudard
- Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, service de cancérologie médicale, Paris, France.
| | - Marc-Olivier Timsit
- Université de Paris, service urologie, cancérologie génito-urinaire et transplantation rénale, Paris, France; Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, service d'urologie, Paris, France
| | - Denis Maillet
- Hospices civils de Lyon (IC-HCL), Institut de cancérologie, service d'oncologie médicale, Lyon, France; Faculté de médecine Jacques-Lisfranc, Saint-Étienne, France
| | | | - Luca Campedel
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, CHU de Gabriel-Montpied, service d'oncologie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Émeline Colomba
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, service de médecine oncologique, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Aurélien Gobert
- Centre hospitalier privé Saint-Grégoire, ICRB, Rennes, France
| | - Claire Jamet
- Centre hospitalier Saint-Louis, service d'oncologie médicale, La Rochelle, France
| | - Charlotte Joly
- Hôpital Henri-Mondor, service d'oncologie, Créteil, France
| | - Camille Serrate
- Groupe hospitalier Diaconesses Croix Saint-Simon, service d'oncologie médicale, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Ploussard
- IUCT Oncopôle Toulouse, service d'urologie, Toulouse, France; Clinique La Croix du Sud, UROSUD, Toulouse, France
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Kristeleit R, Leary A, Oaknin A, Redondo A, George A, Chui S, Seiller A, Liste-Hermoso M, Willis J, Shemesh CS, Xiao J, Lin KK, Molinero L, Guan Y, Ray-Coquard I, Mileshkin L. PARP inhibition with rucaparib alone followed by combination with atezolizumab: Phase Ib COUPLET clinical study in advanced gynaecological and triple-negative breast cancers. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:820-831. [PMID: 38971950 PMCID: PMC11369183 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining PARP inhibitors (PARPis) with immune checkpoint inhibitors may improve clinical outcomes in selected cancers. We evaluated rucaparib and atezolizumab in advanced gynaecological or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS After identifying the recommended dose, patients with PARPi-naive BRCA-mutated or homologous recombination-deficient/loss-of-heterozygosity-high platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer or TNBC received rucaparib plus atezolizumab. Tumour biopsies were collected pre-treatment, during single-agent rucaparib run-in, and after starting combination therapy. RESULTS The most common adverse events with rucaparib 600 mg twice daily and atezolizumab 1200 mg on Day 1 every 3 weeks were gastrointestinal effects, fatigue, liver enzyme elevations, and anaemia. Responding patients typically had BRCA-mutated tumours and higher pre-treatment tumour levels of PD-L1 and CD8 + T cells. Markers of DNA damage repair decreased during rucaparib run-in and combination treatment in responders, but typically increased in non-responders. Apoptosis signature expression showed the reverse. CD8 + T-cell activity and STING pathway activation increased during rucaparib run-in, increasing further with atezolizumab. CONCLUSIONS In this small study, rucaparib plus atezolizumab demonstrated acceptable safety and activity in BRCA-mutated tumours. Increasing anti-tumour immunity and inflammation might be a key mechanism of action for clinical benefit from the combination, potentially guiding more targeted development of such regimens. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03101280).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kristeleit
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Ana Oaknin
- Gynaecologic Cancer Programme, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Redondo
- Medical Oncology Department, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela George
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen Chui
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jenna Willis
- Product Development Safety, Roche Products Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - Colby S Shemesh
- Clinical Pharmacology Oncology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jim Xiao
- Clovis Oncology, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Luciana Molinero
- Translational Medicine, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yinghui Guan
- Translational Medicine, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Isabelle Ray-Coquard
- Centre Leon Bérard, HESPER laboratory EA 7425, Université Claude Bernard Lyon Est, Lyon, France
| | - Linda Mileshkin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Yim K, Seo KJ, Abdul-Ghafar J, Alam MR, Paik KY, Chong Y, Shin OR. Poly (Adp-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) Is a Good Prognostic Marker for Pancreatic/Periampullary Cancers. Pancreas 2024; 53:e681-e688. [PMID: 38530967 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periampullary cancer (PAC) is highly aggressive with no effective adjuvant therapy or prognostic markers. Recently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) has emerged as a target in solid cancers, and its relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been observed. However, the relationship between PARP-1 and EMT in PAC has not explored well. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the prognostic significance of PARP-1 in 190 PACs patients and correlated it with EMT markers, including FGF8, FGFR4, MMP2, MMP3, Snail, and ZEB1. Immunohistochemistry for PARP-1 and EMT markers was performed using a tissue microarray. RESULTS PARP-1 and FGF8 expression were associated with better survival unlike other solid cancers ( P = 0.006 and P = 0.003), and MMP3 and ZEB1 expression were associated with poor prognosis in multivariate and survival analyses ( P = 0.009 and P < 0.001). In addition, PARP-1 is related negatively to Snail but not related with other EMT markers, implying an independent mechanism between PARP-1 and EMT in PACs. PARP-1 and FGF8 are independent good survival markers in PACs unlike other solid cancers. CONCLUSIONS PARP-1 and FGF8 in PACs could not be related to the EMT pathway but must be rather understood in light of similar cancer-protective roles. Further studies are required on EMT-associated immune markers in PACs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kwang Yeol Paik
- Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rutkowska A, Eberl HC, Werner T, Hennrich ML, Sévin DC, Petretich M, Reddington JP, Pocha S, Gade S, Martinez-Segura A, Dvornikov D, Karpiak J, Sweetman GMA, Fufezan C, Duempelfeld B, Braun F, Schofield C, Keles H, Alvarado D, Wang Z, Jansson KH, Faelth-Savitski M, Curry E, Remlinger K, Stronach EA, Feng B, Sharma G, Coleman K, Grandi P, Bantscheff M, Bergamini G. Synergistic Effects of PARP Inhibition and Cholesterol Biosynthesis Pathway Modulation. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:2427-2443. [PMID: 39028932 PMCID: PMC11403291 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
An in-depth multiomic molecular characterization of PARP inhibitors revealed a distinct poly-pharmacology of niraparib (Zejula) mediated by its interaction with lanosterol synthase (LSS), which is not observed with other PARP inhibitors. Niraparib, in a similar way to the LSS inhibitor Ro-48-8071, induced activation of the 24,25-epoxysterol shunt pathway, which is a regulatory signaling branch of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Interestingly, the combination of an LSS inhibitor with a PARP inhibitor that does not bind to LSS, such as olaparib, had an additive effect on killing cancer cells to levels comparable with niraparib as a single agent. In addition, the combination of PARP inhibitors and statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, an enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the mevalonate pathway, had a synergistic effect on tumor cell killing in cell lines and patient-derived ovarian tumor organoids. These observations suggest that concomitant inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and PARP activity might result in stronger efficacy of these inhibitors against tumor types highly dependent on cholesterol metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE The presented data indicate, to our knowledge, for the first time, the potential benefit of concomitant modulation of cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and PARP inhibition and highlight the need for further investigation to assess its translational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joel Karpiak
- Medicine Design-Computational Sciences, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Fufezan
- Data Streams and Operations, and Data Science and Data Engineering, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Florian Braun
- Chemical Biology Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hakan Keles
- Genomic Sciences, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Alvarado
- Oncology, Synthetic Lethality Research Unit, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Oncology, Synthetic Lethality Research Unit, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Feng
- Oncology, Advanced Analytics Experimental Medicine Unit, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Geeta Sharma
- Oncology, Synthetic Lethality Research Unit, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Coleman
- Oncology, Synthetic Lethality Research Unit, R&D, GSK, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ramirez-Otero MA, Costanzo V. "Bridging the DNA divide": Understanding the interplay between replication- gaps and homologous recombination proteins RAD51 and BRCA1/2. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 141:103738. [PMID: 39084178 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
A key but often neglected component of genomic instability is the emergence of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps during DNA replication in the absence of functional homologous recombination (HR) proteins, such as RAD51 and BRCA1/2. Research in prokaryotes has shed light on the dual role of RAD51's bacterial ortholog, RecA, in HR and the protection of replication forks, emphasizing its essential role in preventing the formation of ssDNA gaps, which is vital for cellular viability. This phenomenon was corroborated in eukaryotic cells deficient in HR, where the formation of ssDNA gaps within newly synthesized DNA and their subsequent processing by the MRE11 nuclease were observed. Without functional HR proteins, cells employ alternative ssDNA gap-filling mechanisms to ensure survival, though this compensatory response can compromise genomic stability. A notable example is the involvement of the translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase POLζ, along with the repair protein POLθ, in the suppression of replicative ssDNA gaps. Persistent ssDNA gaps may result in replication fork collapse, chromosomal anomalies, and cell death, which contribute to cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Elucidating the processes that avert ssDNA gaps and safeguard replication forks is critical for enhancing cancer treatment approaches by exploiting the vulnerabilities of cancer cells in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Wang LY, Liu XJ, Li QQ, Zhu Y, Ren HL, Song JN, Zeng J, Mei J, Tian HX, Rong DC, Zhang SH. The romantic history of signaling pathway discovery in cell death: an updated review. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:2255-2272. [PMID: 37851176 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a fundamental physiological process in all living organisms. Processes such as embryonic development, organ formation, tissue growth, organismal immunity, and drug response are accompanied by cell death. In recent years with the development of electron microscopy as well as biological techniques, especially the discovery of novel death modes such as ferroptosis, cuprotosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, and disulfidptosis, researchers have been promoted to have a deeper understanding of cell death modes. In this systematic review, we examined the current understanding of modes of cell death, including the recently discovered novel death modes. Our analysis highlights the common and unique pathways of these death modes, as well as their impact on surrounding cells and the organism as a whole. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on cell death, with a focus on identifying gaps in our knowledge and opportunities for future investigation. We also presented a new insight for macroscopic intracellular survival patterns, namely that intracellular molecular homeostasis is central to the balance of different cell death modes, and this viewpoint can be well justified by the signaling crosstalk of different death modes. These concepts can facilitate the future research about cell death in clinical diagnosis, drug development, and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Yun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Jian Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Li Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Nan Song
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xiang Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ding-Chao Rong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Alirzayeva H, Loureiro R, Koyuncu S, Hommen F, Nabawi Y, Zhang WH, Dao TTP, Wehrmann M, Lee HJ, Vilchez D. ALS-FUS mutations cause abnormal PARylation and histone H1.2 interaction, leading to pathological changes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114626. [PMID: 39167487 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of severe early-onset and juvenile cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are caused by mutations in the FUS gene, resulting in rapid disease progression. Mutant FUS accumulates within stress granules (SGs), thereby affecting the dynamics of these ribonucleoprotein complexes. Here, we define the interactome of the severe mutant FUSP525L variant in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons. We find increased interaction of FUSP525L with the PARP1 enzyme, promoting poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) and binding of FUS to histone H1.2. Inhibiting PARylation or reducing H1.2 levels alleviates mutant FUS aggregation, SG alterations, and apoptosis in human motor neurons. Conversely, elevated H1.2 levels exacerbate FUS-ALS phenotypes, driven by the internally disordered terminal domains of H1.2. In C. elegans models, knockdown of H1.2 and PARP1 orthologs also decreases FUSP525L aggregation and neurodegeneration, whereas H1.2 overexpression worsens ALS-related changes. Our findings indicate a link between PARylation, H1.2, and FUS with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Alirzayeva
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Rute Loureiro
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Seda Koyuncu
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Franziska Hommen
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Yara Nabawi
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - William Hongyu Zhang
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thien T P Dao
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Wehrmann
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Institute for Integrated Stress Response Signaling, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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9
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Machacova Z, Chroma K, Lukac D, Protivankova I, Moudry P. DNA polymerase α-primase facilitates PARP inhibitor-induced fork acceleration and protects BRCA1-deficient cells against ssDNA gaps. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7375. [PMID: 39191785 PMCID: PMC11350149 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51667-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi), known for their ability to induce replication gaps and accelerate replication forks, have become potent agents in anticancer therapy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PARPi-induced fork acceleration has remained elusive. Here, we show that the first PARPi-induced effect on DNA replication is an increased replication fork rate, followed by a secondary reduction in origin activity. Through the systematic knockdown of human DNA polymerases, we identify POLA1 as mediator of PARPi-induced fork acceleration. This acceleration depends on both DNA polymerase α and primase activities. Additionally, the depletion of POLA1 increases the accumulation of replication gaps induced by PARP inhibition, sensitizing cells to PARPi. BRCA1-depleted cells are especially susceptible to the formation of replication gaps under POLA1 inhibition. Accordingly, BRCA1 deficiency sensitizes cells to POLA1 inhibition. Thus, our findings establish the POLA complex as important player in PARPi-induced fork acceleration and provide evidence that lagging strand synthesis represents a targetable vulnerability in BRCA1-deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Machacova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Chroma
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Lukac
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Protivankova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Moudry
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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10
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Škof E, Stegel V, Dragoš VŠ, Blatnik A, Gregorič B, Škerl P, Klančar G, Klasinc AZ, Bombač A, Krajc M, Novaković S. Exploring the impact of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation type and location on Olaparib maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian Cancer patients: A single center report. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 190:104-112. [PMID: 39178525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) harboring pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PV) in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, olaparib maintenance monotherapy (OMT) is a viable option. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of different BRCA1/2 PV in survival outcomes and safety of OMT in BRCA1/2-mutated PSROC patients, focusing on the type and location of PV. METHODS We assessed the outcomes of 100 BRCA1/2-mutated PSROC patients treated at our institute, analyzing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Germline and tumor BRCA1/2 genotyping was conducted using Illumina's next-generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS PFS and OS were significantly shorter in PSROC patients with PV in BRCA1 compared to those with PV in BRCA2 (PFS:14.0 vs. 38.8 months, p = 0.007, OS: 21.8 vs. 62.0 months, p = 0.011). Notably, there was a significant difference in PFS based on the intragenic location of BRCA1 PV, with shorter PFS in patients with 1st/2nd relapse, harboring PV in BRCA1 RING domain compared to those with PV in the DNA binding domain (DBD) and BRCT domains (12.4 vs. 23.0 months, p = 0.046). No differences in PFS and OS were observed between patients with germline versus somatic BRCA1/2 PV (PFS:14.9 vs.19.3, p = 0.316, OS: not reached vs. 25.8 months; p = 0.224). However, there were significant differences in the reasons for OMT discontinuation between patients with germline and somatic BRCA1/2 PV, primarily due to adverse side effects. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the type and location of BRCA1 and BRCA2 PV provide additional insight into the expected survival outcomes of olaparib MT in PSROC patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN42408038, Name of registry: ISRCTN registry, Date of registration: 24/11/2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Škof
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vida Stegel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Šetrajčič Dragoš
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Blatnik
- Cancer Genetics Clinic, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Brigita Gregorič
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Škerl
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gašper Klančar
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Zagožen Klasinc
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Bombač
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Krajc
- Cancer Genetics Clinic, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Srdjan Novaković
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Grimi A, Bono BC, Lazzarin SM, Marcheselli S, Pessina F, Riva M. Gliomagenesis, Epileptogenesis, and Remodeling of Neural Circuits: Relevance for Novel Treatment Strategies in Low- and High-Grade Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8953. [PMID: 39201639 PMCID: PMC11354416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas present a complex challenge in neuro-oncology, often accompanied by the debilitating complication of epilepsy. Understanding the biological interaction and common pathways between gliomagenesis and epileptogenesis is crucial for improving the current understanding of tumorigenesis and also for developing effective management strategies. Shared genetic and molecular mechanisms, such as IDH mutations and dysregulated glutamate signaling, contribute to both tumor progression and seizure development. Targeting these pathways, such as through direct inhibition of mutant IDH enzymes or modulation of glutamate receptors, holds promise for improving patient outcomes. Additionally, advancements in surgical techniques, like supratotal resection guided by connectomics, offer opportunities for maximally safe tumor resection and enhanced seizure control. Advanced imaging modalities further aid in identifying epileptogenic foci and tailoring treatment approaches based on the tumor's metabolic characteristics. This review aims to explore the complex interplay between gliomagenesis, epileptogenesis, and neural circuit remodeling, offering insights into shared molecular pathways and innovative treatment strategies to improve outcomes for patients with gliomas and associated epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grimi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice C. Bono
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Federico Pessina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Riva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
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12
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Obasi J, Sharma K, De Sarkar N, Antonarakis ES, Kilari D. Platinum Chemotherapy After PARP Inhibition in HRR-Deficient Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:102187. [PMID: 39241311 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2024.102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Obasi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; School of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Komal Sharma
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Data Science Institute, School of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Navonil De Sarkar
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; Data Science Institute, School of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Deepak Kilari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
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13
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Fei X, Xue JW, Wu JZ, Yang CY, Wang KJ, Ma Q. Promising therapy for neuroendocrine prostate cancer: current status and future directions. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359241269676. [PMID: 39131727 PMCID: PMC11311189 DOI: 10.1177/17588359241269676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly aggressive variant of castration-resistant prostate cancer. It is characterized by low or no expression of the androgen receptor (AR), activation of AR-independent signaling, and increased neuroendocrine phenotype. Most of NEPC is induced by treatment of androgen deprivation therapy and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs). Currently, the treatment of NEPC follows the treatment strategy for small-cell lung cancer, lacking effective drugs and specific treatment options. This review summarizes potential novel targets and therapies for NEPC treatment, including epigenetic regulators (zeste homolog 2 inhibitors, lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitors), aurora kinase A inhibitors, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors, delta-like ligand 3 targeted therapies, a combination of immunotherapies, etc. Other promising targets and future directions are also discussed in this review. These novel targets and therapies may provide new opportunities for the treatment of NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fei
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Wei Xue
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Ninghai, Ningbo, China
| | - Ji-zhongrong Wu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Urology, Shengzhou People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chong-Yi Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Ninghai, 142 Taoyuan Middle Road, Yuelong Street, Ninghai county, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315699, China
| | - Ke-Jie Wang
- Comprehensive Genitourinary Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, 52, Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Qi Ma
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, 52, Liuting Street, Haishu District,Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
- Comprehensive Genitourinary Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, 52, Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
- Yi-Huan Genitourinary Cancer Group, 52, Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo,Zhejiang 315010, China
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14
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Sala R, Esquer H, Kellett T, Kearns JT, Awolade P, Zhou Q, LaBarbera DV. CHD1L Regulates Cell Survival in Breast Cancer and Its Inhibition by OTI-611 Impedes the DNA Damage Response and Induces PARthanatos. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8590. [PMID: 39201277 PMCID: PMC11354643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1-like (CHD1L) is a nucleosome remodeling enzyme, which plays a key role in chromatin relaxation during the DNA damage response. Genome editing has shown that deletion of CHD1L sensitizes cells to PARPi, but the effect of its pharmacological inhibition has not been defined. Triple-negative breast cancer SUM149PT, HCC1937, and MDA-MB-231 cells were used to assess the mechanism of action of the CHD1Li OTI-611. Cytotoxicity as a single agent or in combination with standard-of-care treatments was assessed in tumor organoids. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the translocation of PAR and AIF to the cytoplasm or the nucleus and to study markers of DNA damage or apoptosis. Trapping of PARP1/2 or CHD1L onto chromatin was also assessed by in situ subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence and validated by Western blot. We show that the inhibition of CHD1L's ATPase activity by OTI-611 is cytotoxic to triple-negative breast cancer tumor organoids and synergizes with PARPi and chemotherapy independently of the BRCA mutation status. The inhibition of the remodeling function blocks the phosphorylation of H2AX, traps CHD1L on chromatin, and leaves PAR chains on PARP1/2 open for hydrolysis. PAR hydrolysis traps PARP1/2 at DNA damage sites and mediates PAR translocation to the cytoplasm, release of AIF from the mitochondria, and induction of PARthanatos. The targeted inhibition of CHD1L's oncogenic function by OTI-611 signifies an innovative therapeutic strategy for breast cancer and other cancers. This approach capitalizes on CHD1L-mediated DNA repair and cell survival vulnerabilities, thereby creating synergy with standard-of-care therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Sala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Hector Esquer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Timothy Kellett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jeffrey T. Kearns
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Paul Awolade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel V. LaBarbera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.S.); (H.E.); (T.K.); (J.T.K.); (P.A.); (Q.Z.)
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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15
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Das PK, Matada GSP, Pal R, Maji L, Dhiwar PS, Manjushree BV, Viji MP. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as anticancer agents: An outlook on clinical progress, synthetic strategies, biological activity, and structure-activity relationship. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 274:116535. [PMID: 38838546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is considered an essential component in case of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) damage, response by sensing DNA damage and engaging DNA repair proteins. Those proteins repair the damaged DNA via an aspect of posttranslational modification, known as poly (ADP-Ribosyl)ation (PARylation). Specifically, PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have shown better results when administered alone in a variety of cancer types with BRCA (Breast Cancer gene) mutation. The clinical therapeutic benefits of PARP inhibitors have been diminished by their cytotoxicity, progression of drug resistance, and limitation of indication, regardless of their tremendous clinical effectiveness. A growing number of PARP-1 inhibitors, particularly those associated with BRCA-1/2 mutations, have been identified as potential cancer treatments. Recently, several researchers have identified various promising scaffolds, which have resulted in the resuscitation of the faith in PARP inhibitors as cancer therapies. This review provided a comprehensive update on the anatomy and physiology of the PARP enzyme, the profile of FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and CFDA (China Food and Drug Administration)-approved drugs, and small-molecule inhibitors of PARP, including their synthetic routes, biological evaluation, selectivity, and structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pronoy Kanti Das
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India
| | - Gurubasavaraja Swamy Purawarga Matada
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India.
| | - Rohit Pal
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India.
| | - Lalmohan Maji
- Tarifa Memorial Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Murshidabad, 742166, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasad Sanjay Dhiwar
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India
| | - B V Manjushree
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India
| | - M P Viji
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, 560107, Karnataka, India
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16
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Albaqami WF, Alshamrani AA, Almubarak AA, Alotaibi FE, Alotaibi BJ, Alanazi AM, Alotaibi MR, Alhoshani A, As Sobeai HM. Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers Associated with Early Relapse in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Focused Bioinformatics Study on DNA-Repair Genes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1766. [PMID: 39200230 PMCID: PMC11351110 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is one of the main drivers of tumorigenesis and the development of hematological malignancies. Cancer cells can remedy chemotherapeutic-induced DNA damage by upregulating DNA-repair genes and ultimately inducing therapy resistance. Nevertheless, the association between the DNA-repair genes, drug resistance, and disease relapse has not been well characterized in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study aimed to explore the role of the DNA-repair machinery and the molecular mechanisms by which it is regulated in early- and late-relapsing pediatric ALL patients. We performed secondary data analysis on the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET)-ALL expansion phase II trial of 198 relapsed pediatric precursor B-cell ALL. Comprehensive genetic and epigenetic investigations of 147 DNA-repair genes were conducted in the study. Gene expression was assessed using Microarray and RNA-sequencing platforms. Genomic alternations, methylation status, and miRNA transcriptome were investigated for the candidate DNA-repair genes. We identified three DNA-repair genes, ALKBH3, NHEJ1, and PARP1, that were upregulated in early relapsers compared to late relapsers (p < 0.05). Such upregulation at diagnosis was significantly associated with disease-free survival and overall survival in precursor-B-ALL (p < 0.05). Moreover, PARP1 upregulation accompanied a significant downregulation of its targeting miRNA, miR-1301-3p (p = 0.0152), which was strongly linked with poorer disease-free and overall survivals. Upregulation of DNA-repair genes, PARP1 in particular, increases the likelihood of early relapse of precursor-B-ALL in children. The observation that PARP1 was upregulated in early relapsers relative to late relapsers might serve as a valid rationale for proposing alternative treatment approaches, such as using PARP inhibitors with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa F. Albaqami
- Department of Science, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali A. Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ali A. Almubarak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Faris E. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Basil Jamal Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
- Pharmaceutical Care Division, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Madinah 42523, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moureq R. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ali Alhoshani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Homood M. As Sobeai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (F.E.A.); (B.J.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.R.A.); (A.A.)
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17
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Fábián Z, Kakulidis ES, Hendriks IA, Kühbacher U, Larsen NB, Oliva-Santiago M, Wang J, Leng X, Dirac-Svejstrup AB, Svejstrup JQ, Nielsen ML, Caldecott K, Duxin JP. PARP1-dependent DNA-protein crosslink repair. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6641. [PMID: 39103378 PMCID: PMC11300803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) are toxic lesions that inhibit DNA related processes. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), including SUMOylation and ubiquitylation, play a central role in DPC resolution, but whether other PTMs are also involved remains elusive. Here, we identify a DPC repair pathway orchestrated by poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation). Using Xenopus egg extracts, we show that DPCs on single-stranded DNA gaps can be targeted for degradation via a replication-independent mechanism. During this process, DPCs are initially PARylated by PARP1 and subsequently ubiquitylated and degraded by the proteasome. Notably, PARP1-mediated DPC resolution is required for resolving topoisomerase 1-DNA cleavage complexes (TOP1ccs) induced by camptothecin. Using the Flp-nick system, we further reveal that in the absence of PARP1 activity, the TOP1cc-like lesion persists and induces replisome disassembly when encountered by a DNA replication fork. In summary, our work uncovers a PARP1-mediated DPC repair pathway that may underlie the synergistic toxicity between TOP1 poisons and PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Fábián
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen S Kakulidis
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivo A Hendriks
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulrike Kühbacher
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai B Larsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Oliva-Santiago
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Junhui Wang
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9RH, UK
| | - Xueyuan Leng
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Barbara Dirac-Svejstrup
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Q Svejstrup
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael L Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keith Caldecott
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9RH, UK
| | - Julien P Duxin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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18
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Otarbayev D, Myung K. Exploring factors influencing choice of DNA double-strand break repair pathways. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 140:103696. [PMID: 38820807 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) represent one of the most severe threats to genomic integrity, demanding intricate repair mechanisms within eukaryotic cells. A diverse array of factors orchestrates the complex choreography of DSB signaling and repair, encompassing repair pathways, such as non-homologous end-joining, homologous recombination, and polymerase-θ-mediated end-joining. This review looks into the intricate decision-making processes guiding eukaryotic cells towards a particular repair pathway, particularly emphasizing the processing of two-ended DSBs. Furthermore, we elucidate the transformative role of Cas9, a site-specific endonuclease, in revolutionizing our comprehension of DNA DSB repair dynamics. Additionally, we explore the burgeoning potential of Cas9's remarkable ability to induce sequence-specific DSBs, offering a promising avenue for precise targeting of tumor cells. Through this comprehensive exploration, we unravel the intricate molecular mechanisms of cellular responses to DSBs, shedding light on both fundamental repair processes and cutting-edge therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniyar Otarbayev
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Kyungjae Myung
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan 44919, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, South Korea.
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19
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Daly GR, Naidoo S, Alabdulrahman M, McGrath J, Dowling GP, AlRawashdeh MM, Hill ADK, Varešlija D, Young L. Screening and Testing for Homologous Recombination Repair Deficiency (HRD) in Breast Cancer: an Overview of the Current Global Landscape. Curr Oncol Rep 2024; 26:890-903. [PMID: 38822929 PMCID: PMC11300621 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-024-01560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD) increases breast cancer susceptibility and influences both prophylactic and active management of breast cancer. This review evaluates HRD testing and the therapeutic implications of HRD in a global context. RECENT FINDINGS Ongoing research efforts have highlighted the importance of HRD beyond BRCA1/2 as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, despite the improved affordability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and the discovery of PARP inhibitors, economic and geographical barriers in access to HRD testing and breast cancer screening do not allow all patients to benefit from the personalized treatment approach they provide. Advancements in HRD testing modalities and targeted therapeutics enable tailored breast cancer management. However, inequalities in access to testing and optimized treatments are contributing to widening health disparities globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon R Daly
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
- The Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sindhuja Naidoo
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mohammad Alabdulrahman
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jason McGrath
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gavin P Dowling
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- The Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maen M AlRawashdeh
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arnold D K Hill
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- The Department of Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Damir Varešlija
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Beaumont RCSI Cancer Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Leonie Young
- The Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Beaumont RCSI Cancer Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Özdemir C, Purkey LR, Sanchez A, Miller KM. PARticular MARks: Histone ADP-ribosylation and the DNA damage response. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 140:103711. [PMID: 38924925 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cellular and molecular responses to DNA damage are highly orchestrated and dynamic, acting to preserve the maintenance and integrity of the genome. Histone proteins bind DNA and organize the genome into chromatin. Post-translational modifications of histones have been shown to play an essential role in orchestrating the chromatin response to DNA damage by regulating the DNA damage response pathway. Among the histone modifications that contribute to this intricate network, histone ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) is emerging as a pivotal component of chromatin-based DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. In this review, we survey how histone ADPr is regulated to promote the DDR and how it impacts chromatin and other histone marks. Recent advancements have revealed histone ADPr effects on chromatin structure and the regulation of DNA repair factor recruitment to DNA lesions. Additionally, we highlight advancements in technology that have enabled the identification and functional validation of histone ADPr in cells and in response to DNA damage. Given the involvement of DNA damage and epigenetic regulation in human diseases including cancer, these findings have clinical implications for histone ADPr, which are also discussed. Overall, this review covers the involvement of histone ADPr in the DDR and highlights potential future investigations aimed at identifying mechanisms governed by histone ADPr that participate in the DDR, human diseases, and their treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Özdemir
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Laura R Purkey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Anthony Sanchez
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Kyle M Miller
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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21
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Gralewska P, Gajek A, Marczak A, Rogalska A. Targeted Nanocarrier-Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Improving the Therapeutic Efficacy of PARP Inhibitors against Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8304. [PMID: 39125873 PMCID: PMC11312858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The current focus of ovarian cancer (OC) research is the improvement of treatment options through maximising drug effectiveness. OC remains the fifth leading cause of cancer-induced mortality in women worldwide. In recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionised drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles may be utilised as carriers in gene therapy or to overcome the problem of drug resistance in tumours by limiting the number of free drugs in circulation and thereby minimising undesired adverse effects. Cell surface receptors, such as human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), folic acid (FA) receptors, CD44 (also referred to as homing cell adhesion molecule, HCAM), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. Generation of active targeting nanoparticles involves modification with ligands that recognise cell surface receptors and thereby promote internalisation by cancer cells. Several poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are currently used for the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) or platinum-sensitive relapsed OC. However, PARP resistance and poor drug bioavailability are common challenges, highlighting the urgent need to develop novel, effective strategies for ovarian cancer treatment. This review evaluates the utility of nanoparticles in ovarian cancer therapy, with a specific focus on targeted approaches and the use of PARPi nanocarriers to optimise treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aneta Rogalska
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90–236 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (A.G.); (A.M.)
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22
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Kulkarni S, Gajjar K, Madhusudan S. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor therapy and mechanisms of resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1414112. [PMID: 39135999 PMCID: PMC11317305 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1414112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is the commonest cause of gynaecological cancer deaths. First-line treatment for advanced disease includes a combination of platinum-taxane chemotherapy (post-operatively or peri-operatively) and maximal debulking surgery whenever feasible. Initial response rate to chemotherapy is high (up to 80%) but most patients will develop recurrence (approximately 70-90%) and succumb to the disease. Recently, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibition (by drugs such as Olaparib, Niraparib or Rucaparib) directed synthetic lethality approach in BRCA germline mutant or platinum sensitive disease has generated real hope for patients. PARP inhibitor (PARPi) maintenance therapy can prolong survival but therapeutic response is not sustained due to intrinsic or acquired secondary resistance to PARPi therapy. Reversion of BRCA1/2 mutation can lead to clinical PARPi resistance in BRCA-germline mutated ovarian cancer. However, in the more common platinum sensitive sporadic HGSOC, the clinical mechanisms of development of PARPi resistance remains to be defined. Here we provide a comprehensive review of the current status of PARPi and the mechanisms of resistance to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanat Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromwich, United Kingdom
| | - Ketankumar Gajjar
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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23
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Previtali V, Bagnolini G, Ciamarone A, Ferrandi G, Rinaldi F, Myers SH, Roberti M, Cavalli A. New Horizons of Synthetic Lethality in Cancer: Current Development and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11488-11521. [PMID: 38955347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, synthetic lethality has been recognized as a solid paradigm for anticancer therapies. The discovery of a growing number of synthetic lethal targets has led to a significant expansion in the use of synthetic lethality, far beyond poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors used to treat BRCA1/2-defective tumors. In particular, molecular targets within DNA damage response have provided a source of inhibitors that have rapidly reached clinical trials. This Perspective focuses on the most recent progress in synthetic lethal targets and their inhibitors, within and beyond the DNA damage response, describing their design and associated therapeutic strategies. We will conclude by discussing the current challenges and new opportunities for this promising field of research, to stimulate discussion in the medicinal chemistry community, allowing the investigation of synthetic lethality to reach its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Previtali
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Greta Bagnolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciamarone
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ferrandi
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Samuel Harry Myers
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational & Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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24
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Sellars E, Savguira M, Wu J, Cancelliere S, Jen M, Krishnan R, Hakem A, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Hakem R, Narod SA, Kotsopoulos J, Salmena L. A high-throughput approach to identify BRCA1-downregulating compounds to enhance PARP inhibitor sensitivity. iScience 2024; 27:110180. [PMID: 38993666 PMCID: PMC11238136 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are efficacious in BRCA1-null tumors; however, their utility is limited in tumors with functional BRCA1. We hypothesized that pharmacologically reducing BRCA1 protein levels could enhance PARPi effectiveness in BRCA1 wild-type tumors. To identify BRCA1 downregulating agents, we generated reporter cell lines using CRISPR-mediated editing to tag endogenous BRCA1 protein with HiBiT. These reporter lines enable the sensitive measurement of BRCA1 protein levels by luminescence. Validated reporter cells were used in a pilot screen of epigenetic-modifying probes and a larger screen of more than 6,000 compounds. We identified 7 compounds that could downregulate BRCA1-HiBiT expression and synergize with olaparib. Three compounds, N-acetyl-N-acetoxy chlorobenzenesulfonamide (NANAC), A-443654, and CHIR-124, were validated to reduce BRCA1 protein levels and sensitize breast cancer cells to the toxic effects of olaparib. These results suggest that BRCA1-HiBiT reporter cells hold promise in developing agents to improve the clinical utility of PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Sellars
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Margarita Savguira
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sabrina Cancelliere
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mark Jen
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Network Biology Collaborative Centre, High-Throughput Screening, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Rehna Krishnan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anne Hakem
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Razqallah Hakem
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Steven A Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Joanne Kotsopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Leonardo Salmena
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
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25
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Rodríguez Pérez F, Natwick D, Schiff L, McSwiggen D, Heckert A, Huey M, Morrison H, Loo M, Miranda RG, Filbin J, Ortega J, Van Buren K, Murnock D, Tao A, Butler R, Cheng K, Tarvestad W, Zhang Z, Gonzalez E, Miller RM, Kelly M, Tang Y, Ho J, Anderson D, Bashore C, Basham S. WRN inhibition leads to its chromatin-associated degradation via the PIAS4-RNF4-p97/VCP axis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6059. [PMID: 39025847 PMCID: PMC11258360 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethality provides an attractive strategy for developing targeted cancer therapies. For example, cancer cells with high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) are dependent on the Werner (WRN) helicase for survival. However, the mechanisms that regulate WRN spatiotemporal dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we used single-molecule tracking (SMT) in combination with a WRN inhibitor to examine WRN dynamics within the nuclei of living cancer cells. WRN inhibition traps the helicase on chromatin, requiring p97/VCP for extraction and proteasomal degradation in a MSI-H dependent manner. Using a phenotypic screen, we identify the PIAS4-RNF4 axis as the pathway responsible for WRN degradation. Finally, we show that co-inhibition of WRN and SUMOylation has an additive toxic effect in MSI-H cells and confirm the in vivo activity of WRN inhibition using an MSI-H mouse xenograft model. This work elucidates a regulatory mechanism for WRN that may facilitate identification of new therapeutic modalities, and highlights the use of SMT as a tool for drug discovery and mechanism-of-action studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mandy Loo
- Eikon Therapeutics, Hayward, CA, 94545, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Arnold Tao
- Eikon Therapeutics, Hayward, CA, 94545, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaclyn Ho
- Eikon Therapeutics, Hayward, CA, 94545, USA
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26
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Fröhlich LM, Villar-Miyar A, Heintze T, Sauer B, Schittek B. PARP1 expression predicts PARP inhibitor sensitivity and correlates with metastatic potential and overall survival in melanoma. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:203-210. [PMID: 38619111 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is still a difficult-to-treat cancer type owing to its frequent resistance mechanisms to targeted and immunotherapy. Therefore, we aimed to unravel novel therapeutic strategies for melanoma patients. Preclinical and clinical studies show that melanoma patients may benefit from a treatment with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi). In this study, we focus on PARP1 as a potential biomarker to predict the response of melanoma cells to PARPi therapy. We found that melanoma cells with high basal PARP1 expression exhibit significantly increased cell death after PARPi treatment owing to higher PARP1 trapping compared with melanoma cells with low PARP1 expression. In addition, we could demonstrate that PARP1 expression levels are low in nonmalignant skin cells, and metastatic melanomas show considerably higher PARP1 levels compared with primary melanomas. Most strikingly, we found that high PARP1 levels correlate with worse overall survival of late stage metastasized melanoma patients. In conclusion, we show that PARP1 might act as a biomarker to predict the response to PARPi therapy, and that in particular the late stage metastasized melanoma patients are especially sensitive to PARPi therapy owing to elevated PARP1 expression. Our data suggest that the PARPi cytotoxicity primarily will affect the high PARP1 expressing melanoma cells, rather than the low PARP1 expressing nonmalignant skin cells resulting in only low side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Marie Fröhlich
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana Villar-Miyar
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamara Heintze
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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27
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Lee JJ, Kang HJ, Kim D, Lim SO, Kim SS, Kim G, Kim S, Lee JK, Kim J. expHRD: an individualized, transcriptome-based prediction model for homologous recombination deficiency assessment in cancer. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:236. [PMID: 38997639 PMCID: PMC11241885 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) stands as a clinical indicator for discerning responsive outcomes to platinum-based chemotherapy and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. One of the conventional approaches to HRD prognostication has generally centered on identifying deleterious mutations within the BRCA1/2 genes, along with quantifying the genomic scars, such as Genomic Instability Score (GIS) estimation with scarHRD. However, the scarHRD method has limitations in scenarios involving tumors bereft of corresponding germline data. Although several RNA-seq-based HRD prediction algorithms have been developed, they mainly support cohort-wise classification, thereby yielding HRD status without furnishing an analogous quantitative metric akin to scarHRD. This study introduces the expHRD method, which operates as a novel transcriptome-based framework tailored to n-of-1-style HRD scoring. RESULTS The prediction model has been established using the elastic net regression method in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer training set. The bootstrap technique derived the HRD geneset for applying the expHRD calculation. The expHRD demonstrated a notable correlation with scarHRD and superior performance in predicting HRD-high samples. We also performed intra- and extra-cohort evaluations for clinical feasibility in the TCGA-OV and the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) ovarian cancer cohort, respectively. The innovative web service designed for ease of use is poised to extend the realms of HRD prediction across diverse malignancies, with ovarian cancer standing as an emblematic example. CONCLUSIONS Our novel approach leverages the transcriptome data, enabling the prediction of HRD status with remarkable precision. This innovative method addresses the challenges associated with limited available data, opening new avenues for utilizing transcriptomics to inform clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jun Lee
- Computational Cancer Genomics Groups, Spanish Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hyun Ju Kang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyo Kim
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Si On Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephanie S Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahyun Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Ku Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine (SNUCM), Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinho Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Li Y, Xu C, Han H, Pascual-Sabater S, Fillat C, Goel A. Aronia Berry Extract Modulates MYD88/NF-kB/P-Glycoprotein Axis to Overcome Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:911. [PMID: 39065761 PMCID: PMC11279572 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease with poor survival rates, primarily due to the limited effectiveness of gemcitabine (Gem)-based chemotherapy, as well as the acquisition of chemotherapeutic resistance. Aronia berry extracts (ABEs), abundant in phenolic constituents, have been recently recognized for their anticancer properties as well as their encouraging potential to help overcome chemoresistance in various cancers. In the present study, we explored ABE's potential to overcome Gem resistance in PDAC and identify specific growth regulatory pathways responsible for its anticancer activity. Through a series of in vitro experiments in gemcitabine-resistant (Gem-R) cells, we elucidated the synergistic interactions between Gem and ABE treatments. Using advanced transcriptomic analysis and network pharmacology, we revealed key molecular pathways linked to chemoresistance and potential therapeutic targets of ABE in Gem-R PDAC cells. Subsequently, the findings from cell culture studies were validated in patient-derived 3D tumor organoids (PDOs). The combination treatment of ABE and Gem demonstrated significant synergism and anticancer effects on cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion in Gem-R cells. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a correlation between the NF-Κb signaling pathway and Gem-R (p < 0.05), exhibiting a marked upregulation of MYD88. Additionally, MYD88 exhibited a significant correlation with the overall survival rates in patients with PDAC patients in the TCGA cohort (HR = 1.58, p < 0.05). The MYD88/NF-Κb pathway contributes to chemoresistance by potentially upregulating efflux transporters like P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Our findings revealed that the combined treatment with ABE suppressed the NF-Κb pathway by targeting MYD88 and reducing P-gp expression to overcome Gem resistance. Lastly, the combination therapy proved highly effective in PDOs in reducing both their number and size (p < 0.05). Our study offers previously unrecognized insights into the ability of ABE to overcome Gem resistance in PDAC cells through its targeting of the MYD88/NF-κb/P-gp axis, hence providing a safe and cost-effective adjunctive therapeutic strategy to improve treatment outcomes in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA; (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Caiming Xu
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA; (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116004, China
| | - Haiyong Han
- Division of Molecular Medicine, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA;
| | - Silvia Pascual-Sabater
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.P.-S.); (C.F.)
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.P.-S.); (C.F.)
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA 91016, USA; (Y.L.); (C.X.)
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Ren X, Sun P, Wang Y. PARP inhibitor-related acute renal failure: a real-world study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38967020 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2376690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current clinical trial data on PARP inhibitors (PARPis)-related acute renal failure (ARF) are not entirely representative of real-world situations. Therefore, in this study, the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) was used to evaluate PARPis-related ARF. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were obtained from 1 January 2015, to 30 September 2023. ARF event reports were analyzed based on four algorithms. The time-to-onset (TTO) and clinical outcomes of PARPis-associated ARF were assessed. RESULTS The total included cases were 2726. Significant signals were observed for olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib (reporting odds ratio (ROR): 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49-1.78, 1.25, 95% CI: 1.19-1.32 and 1.59, 95% CI: 1.47-1.72 respectively). The median TTO of ARF onset was 57, 36, and 85 days for olaparib, niraparib, and rucaparib, respectively. The proportion of deaths with olaparib (9.88%) was significantly higher than for niraparib (2.52%) and rucaparib (2.94%) (p < 0.005). The proportion of life-threatening adverse events associated with niraparib (4.89%) was significantly higher than for rucaparib (0.98%) (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS ARF and PARPi were related, with the exception of talazoparib. More emphasis should be given to PARPis-related ARF due to the high proportion of serious AEs and delayed adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayang Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Comprehensive Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Ostios-Garcia L, Pérez DM, Castelo B, Herradón NH, Zamora P, Feliu J, Espinosa E. Classification of anticancer drugs: an update with FDA- and EMA-approved drugs. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10188-5. [PMID: 38965194 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Anticancer systemic therapy comprises a complex and growing group of drugs. Some of the new agents with novel mechanisms of action that have appeared are difficult to fit in the groups of classical chemotherapy, hormones, tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. We propose a classification based on two levels of information: the site of action and the mechanism of action. Regarding the former, drugs can exert their action in the tumor cell, the tumor vasculature, the immune system, or the endocrine system. The mechanism of action refers to the molecular target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beatriz Castelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Zamora
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Feliu
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid - CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, School of Medicine - Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid - CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain.
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31
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Buckley M, Terwagne C, Ganner A, Cubitt L, Brewer R, Kim DK, Kajba CM, Forrester N, Dace P, De Jonghe J, Shepherd STC, Sawyer C, McEwen M, Diederichs S, Neumann-Haefelin E, Turajlic S, Ivakine EA, Findlay GM. Saturation genome editing maps the functional spectrum of pathogenic VHL alleles. Nat Genet 2024; 56:1446-1455. [PMID: 38969834 PMCID: PMC11250436 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
To maximize the impact of precision medicine approaches, it is critical to identify genetic variants underlying disease and to accurately quantify their functional effects. A gene exemplifying the challenge of variant interpretation is the von Hippel-Lindautumor suppressor (VHL). VHL encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates the cellular response to hypoxia. Germline pathogenic variants in VHL predispose patients to tumors including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and pheochromocytoma, and somatic VHL mutations are frequently observed in sporadic renal cancer. Here we optimize and apply saturation genome editing to assay nearly all possible single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) across VHL's coding sequence. To delineate mechanisms, we quantify mRNA dosage effects and compare functional effects in isogenic cell lines. Function scores for 2,268 VHL SNVs identify a core set of pathogenic alleles driving ccRCC with perfect accuracy, inform differential risk across tumor types and reveal new mechanisms by which variants impact function. These results have immediate utility for classifying VHL variants encountered clinically and illustrate how precise functional measurements can resolve pleiotropic and dosage-dependent genotype-phenotype relationships across complete genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Buckley
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Chloé Terwagne
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Athina Ganner
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Cubitt
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Reid Brewer
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina M Kajba
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicole Forrester
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Phoebe Dace
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Joachim De Jonghe
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Scott T C Shepherd
- The Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- Melanoma and Kidney Cancer Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Chelsea Sawyer
- Scientific Computing, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Mairead McEwen
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sven Diederichs
- Division of Cancer Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, A Partnership Between DKFZ and University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elke Neumann-Haefelin
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Samra Turajlic
- The Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- Melanoma and Kidney Cancer Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Evgueni A Ivakine
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory M Findlay
- The Genome Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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32
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Satapathy S, Yadav MP, Ballal S, Sahoo RK, Bal C. [ 177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 as first-line systemic therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a real-world study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:2495-2503. [PMID: 38467922 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy has become increasingly recognized as a viable therapeutic approach for patients in the advanced stages of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, there is limited data regarding its effectiveness and safety in earlier lines. This study aims to present our institution's experience with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 as a first-line systemic therapy for mCRPC. METHODS We collected and analyzed data from consecutive mCRPC patients who underwent first-line treatment with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 at our center from 2015 to 2023. The various outcome measures included best prostate-specific antigen-response rate (PSA-RR) (proportion of patients achieving a ≥ 50% decline in PSA); objective radiographic response rate (ORR) (proportion of patients achieving complete or partial radiographic responses); radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) (measured from treatment initiation until radiographic progression or death from any cause); overall survival (OS) (measured from treatment initiation until death from any cause); and adverse events. RESULTS Forty treatment-naïve mCRPC patients with PSMA-positive disease on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT were included (median age: 68.5 years, range: 45-78; median PSA: 41 ng/mL, range: 1-3028). These patients received a median cumulative activity of 22.2 GBq (range: 5.55-44.4) [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 over 1-6 cycles at 8-12 week intervals. A ≥ 50% decline in PSA was observed in 25/40 (62.5%) patients (best PSA-RR). Radiographic responses were evaluated for thirty-eight patients, with thirteen showing partial responses (ORR 34.2%). Over a median follow-up of 36 months, the median rPFS was 12 months (95% confidence interval, CI: 9-15), and the median OS was 17 months (95% CI: 12-22). Treatment-emergent grade ≥ 3 anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia were noted in 4/40 (10%), 1/40 (2.5%), and 3/40 (7.5%) patients, respectively. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 is a safe and effective option as a first-line treatment in mCRPC. Further trials are needed to definitively establish its role as an upfront treatment modality in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayamjeet Satapathy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Madhav Prasad Yadav
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sanjana Ballal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Medical Oncology, B.R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital (B.R.A.I.R.C.H.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Chandrasekhar Bal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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33
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Kulasegaran T, Oliveira N. Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Advances in Treatment and Symptom Management. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:914-931. [PMID: 38913213 PMCID: PMC11236885 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-024-01215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT The management of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has evolved in the past decade due to substantial advances in understanding the genomic landscape and biology underpinning this form of prostate cancer. The implementation of various therapeutic agents has improved overall survival but despite the promising advances in therapeutic options, mCRPC remains incurable. The focus of treatment should be not only to improve survival but also to preserve the patient's quality of life (QoL) and ameliorate cancer-related symptoms such as pain. The choice and sequence of therapy for mCRPC patients are complex and influenced by various factors, such as side effects, disease burden, treatment history, comorbidities, patient preference and, more recently, the presence of actionable genomic alterations or biomarkers. Docetaxel is the first-line treatment for chemo-naïve patients with good performance status and those who have yet to progress on docetaxel in the castration-sensitive setting. Novel androgen agents (NHAs), such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, are effective treatment options that are utilized as second-line options. These medications can be considered upfront in frail patients or patients who are NHA naïve. Current guidelines recommend genetic testing in mCRPC for mutations in DNA repair deficiency genes to inform treatment decisions, as for example in breast cancer gene mutation testing. Other potential biomarkers being investigated include phosphatase and tensin homologues and homologous recombination repair genes. Despite a growing number of studies incorporating biomarkers in their trial designs, to date, only olaparib in the PROFOUND study and lutetium-177 in the VISION trial have improved survival. This is an unmet need, and future trials should focus on biomarker-guided treatment strategies. The advent of novel noncytotoxic agents has enhanced targeted drug delivery and improved treatment responses with favourable toxicity profiling. Trials should continue to incorporate and report health-related QoL scores and functional assessments into their trial designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tivya Kulasegaran
- Mater Hospital Brisbane, Cancer Centre, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, QLD, 4104, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia.
| | - Niara Oliveira
- Mater Hospital Brisbane, Cancer Centre, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, QLD, 4104, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Dong C, Zhuang Y, Hao G, Wang F. Licochalcone D exhibits cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells and enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis through upregulation of death receptor 5. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23757. [PMID: 38937960 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Anticancer strategies using natural products or derivatives are promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Here, we showed that licochalcone D (LCD), a natural flavonoid extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, suppressed the growth of breast cancer cells, and was less toxic to MCF-10A normal breast cells. LCD-induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, LCD potentiated tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, LCD was revealed to reduce survival protein expression and to upregulate death receptor 5 (DR5) expressions. Silencing DR5 blocked the ability of LCD to sensitize cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. LCD increased CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression in breast cancer cells. Knockdown of CHOP attenuated DR5 upregulation and apoptosis triggered by cotreatment with LCD and TRAIL. Furthermore, LCD suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and promoted the phosphorylation of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Pretreatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125 or p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 abolished the upregulation of DR5 and CHOP, and also attenuated LCD plus TRAIL-induced cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Overall, our results show that LCD exerts cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells and arguments TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting survival protein expression and upregulating DR5 in a JNK/p38 MAPK-CHOP-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Chuxuan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yahui Zhuang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Gangping Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Fengze Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
- Center Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
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Patel V, Casimiro S, Abreu C, Barroso T, de Sousa RT, Torres S, Ribeiro LA, Nogueira-Costa G, Pais HL, Pinto C, Costa L, Costa L. DNA damage targeted therapy for advanced breast cancer. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:678-698. [PMID: 38966174 PMCID: PMC11220312 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy affecting women worldwide, including Portugal. While the majority of BC cases are sporadic, hereditary forms account for 5-10% of cases. The most common inherited mutations associated with BC are germline mutations in the BReast CAncer (BRCA) 1/2 gene (gBRCA1/2). They are found in approximately 5-6% of BC patients and are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, primarily affecting younger women. Pathogenic variants within BRCA1/2 genes elevate the risk of both breast and ovarian cancers and give rise to distinct clinical phenotypes. BRCA proteins play a key role in maintaining genome integrity by facilitating the repair of double-strand breaks through the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Therefore, any mutation that impairs the function of BRCA proteins can result in the accumulation of DNA damage, genomic instability, and potentially contribute to cancer development and progression. Testing for gBRCA1/2 status is relevant for treatment planning, as it can provide insights into the likely response to therapy involving platinum-based chemotherapy and poly[adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose] polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). The aim of this review was to investigate the impact of HR deficiency in BC, focusing on BRCA mutations and their impact on the modulation of responses to platinum and PARPi therapy, and to share the experience of Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria in the management of metastatic BC patients with DNA damage targeted therapy, including those with the Portuguese c.156_157insAlu BRCA2 founder mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Patel
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Casimiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Abreu
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Barroso
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Sofia Torres
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leonor Abreu Ribeiro
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Helena Luna Pais
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Conceição Pinto
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leila Costa
- Pharmacy Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Oncology Division, Unidade Local de Saúde Santa Maria, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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36
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Yuan P, Ma N, Xu B. Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer with homologous repair deficiency. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38922930 DOI: 10.1002/med.22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, and the presence of germline breast cancer gene mutation (gBRCAm) is associated with a poor prognosis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a BC subtype, characterized by the absence of hormone and growth factor receptor expression, making therapeutic decisions difficult. Defects in the DNA damage response pathway due to mutation in breast cancer genes (BRCA 1/2) lead to homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). However, in HRD conditions, poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins repair DNA damage and lead to tumor cell survival. Biological understanding of HRD leads to the development of PARP inhibitors (PARPi), which trap PARP proteins and cause genomic instability and tumor cell lysis. HRD assessment can be an important biomarker in identifying gBRCAm patients with BC who could benefit from PARPi therapy. HRD can be identified by homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene-based assays, genomic-scarring assays and mutational signatures, transcription and protein expression profiles, and functional assays. However, gold standard methodologies that are robust and reliable to assess HRD are not available currently. Hence, there is a pressing need to develop accurate biomarkers identifying HRD tumors to guide targeted therapies such as PARPi in patients with BC. HRD assessment has shown fruitful outcomes in chemotherapy studies and preliminary evidence on PARPi intervention as monotherapy and combination therapy in HRD-stratified patients. Furthermore, ongoing trials are exploring the potential of PARPi in BC and clinically complex TNBC settings, where HRD testing is used as an adjunct to stratify patients based on BRCA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yuan
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Value & Implementation Global Medical & Scientific Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Kurganovs NJ, Engedal N. To eat or not to eat: a critical review on the role of autophagy in prostate carcinogenesis and prostate cancer therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419806. [PMID: 38910881 PMCID: PMC11190189 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Around 1 in 7 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime. Many strides have been made in the understanding and treatment of this malignancy over the years, however, despite this; treatment resistance and disease progression remain major clinical concerns. Recent evidence indicate that autophagy can affect cancer formation, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that can remove unnecessary or dysfunctional components of the cell as a response to metabolic or environmental stress. Due to the emerging importance of autophagy in cancer, targeting autophagy should be considered as a potential option in disease management. In this review, along with exploring the advances made on understanding the role of autophagy in prostate carcinogenesis and therapeutics, we will critically consider the conflicting evidence observed in the literature and suggest how to obtain stronger experimental evidence, as the application of current findings in clinical practice is presently not viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Jayne Kurganovs
- Autophagy in Cancer Lab, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- Autophagy in Cancer Lab, Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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38
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Goehring L, Keegan S, Lahiri S, Xia W, Kong M, Jimenez-Sainz J, Gupta D, Drapkin R, Jensen RB, Smith DJ, Rothenberg E, Fenyö D, Huang TT. Dormant origin firing promotes head-on transcription-replication conflicts at transcription termination sites in response to BRCA2 deficiency. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4716. [PMID: 38830843 PMCID: PMC11148086 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BRCA2 is a tumor suppressor protein responsible for safeguarding the cellular genome from replication stress and genotoxicity, but the specific mechanism(s) by which this is achieved to prevent early oncogenesis remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that BRCA2 acts as a critical suppressor of head-on transcription-replication conflicts (HO-TRCs). Using Okazaki-fragment sequencing (Ok-seq) and computational analysis, we identified origins (dormant origins) that are activated near the transcription termination sites (TTS) of highly expressed, long genes in response to replication stress. Dormant origins are a source for HO-TRCs, and drug treatments that inhibit dormant origin firing led to a reduction in HO-TRCs, R-loop formation, and DNA damage. Using super-resolution microscopy, we showed that HO-TRC events track with elongating RNA polymerase II, but not with transcription initiation. Importantly, RNase H2 is recruited to sites of HO-TRCs in a BRCA2-dependent manner to help alleviate toxic R-loops associated with HO-TRCs. Collectively, our results provide a mechanistic basis for how BRCA2 shields against genomic instability by preventing HO-TRCs through both direct and indirect means occurring at predetermined genomic sites based on the pre-cancer transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Goehring
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Keegan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sudipta Lahiri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wenxin Xia
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Kong
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Dipika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronny Drapkin
- Penn Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Basser Center for BRCA, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan B Jensen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Duncan J Smith
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eli Rothenberg
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tony T Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Singla S, Jena G. Studies on the mechanism of local and extra-intestinal tissue manifestations in AOM-DSS-induced carcinogenesis in BALB/c mice: role of PARP-1, NLRP3, and autophagy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4321-4337. [PMID: 38091080 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CACC) is one of the devastating complications of long-term inflammatory bowel disease and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Combination of azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) has been extensively used for inflammation-mediated colon tumor development due to its reproducibility, potency, histological and molecular changes, and resemblance to human CACC. In the tumor microenvironment and extra-intestinal tissues, PARP-1, NLRP3 inflammasome, and autophagy's biological functions are complicated and encompass intricate interactions between these molecular components. The focus of the present investigation is to determine the colonic and extra-intestinal tissue damage induced by AOM-DSS and related molecular mechanisms. Azoxymethane (10 mg/kg, i.p.; single injection) followed by DSS (3 cycles, 7 days per cycle) over a period of 10 weeks induced colitis-associated colon cancer in male BALB/c mice. By initiating carcinogenesis with a single injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and then establishing inflammation with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), a two-stage murine model for CACC was developed. Biochemical parameters, ELISA, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, and western blotting have been performed to evaluate the colonic, hepatic, testicular and pancreatic damage. In addition, the AOM/DSS-induced damage has been assessed by analyzing the expression of a variety of molecular targets, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), interleukin-10 (IL-10), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), cysteine-associated protein kinase-1 (caspase-1), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), beclin-1, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Present findings revealed that AOM/DSS developed tumors in colon tissue followed by extra-intestinal hepatic, testicular, and pancreatic damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singla
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S, Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S, Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
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Li N, Cui S, Yang A, Xiao B, Cao Y, Yang X, Lin C. Sequence-dependent effects of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) photodynamic therapy and cisplatin on lung adenocarcinoma cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 47:104102. [PMID: 38679153 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD)-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with cisplatin (DDP) is an effective anticancer strategy. However, whether the order of combination affects efficacy has not been studied. METHODS The human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) A549 cells were used as the study subjects. After A549 cells were treated with a single medication (PDT/DDP) or a sequential combination (PDT + DDP / DDP + PDT), the cell viability was assayed using the cell counting kit-8 method. Hoechst staining, Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining, western blotting, and a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to examine the mechanisms behind the combined effects. RESULTS A synergistic impact between HPD-PDT and DDP was found. The cell viability in the PDT+DDP group was significantly lower than in the DDP+PDT group. A significant apoptotic profile and a high apoptotic rate were seen in the PDT + DDP group. The western blot showed that the expression levels of Bcl2-associated x(Bax) and cleaved-poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) increased, and those of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Caspase-9 decreased in the PDT + DDP group. At the same time, the RT-qPCR revealed the upregulation of Bax and PARP mRNA and the downregulation of Bcl-2 and Caspase-9 mRNA. CONCLUSION The order of the combination therapy (PDT + DDP / DDP + PDT) was important. The HPD-PDT followed by DDP significantly inhibited LUAD cell viability, which may be related to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shichao Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Aizhen Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Baohong Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yiwei Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Cunzhi Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Xu Z, He D, Huang L, Deng K, Jiang W, Qin J, Zheng Z, Zheng T, Li S. Metabolic reprogramming-driven homologous recombination and TCA cycle dysregulation contribute to poor prognoses in lung adenocarcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18406. [PMID: 38822457 PMCID: PMC11142899 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that homologous recombination (HR) and metabolic reprogramming are essential for cellular homeostasis. These two processes are independent as well as closely intertwined. Nevertheless, they have rarely been reported in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We analysed the genomic, immune microenvironment and metabolic microenvironment features under different HR activity states. Using cell cycle, EDU and cell invasion assays, we determined the impacts of si-SHFM1 on the LUAD cell cycle, proliferation and invasion. The levels of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH) were determined by ELISA in the NC and si-SHFM1 groups of A549 cells. Finally, cell samples were used to extract metabolites for HPIC-MS/MS to analyse central carbon metabolism. We found that high HR activity was associated with a poor prognosis in LUAD, and HR was an independent prognostic factor for TCGA-LUAD patients. Moreover, LUAD samples with a high HR activity presented low immune infiltration levels, a high degree of genomic instability, a good response status to immune checkpoint blockade therapy and a high degree of drug sensitivity. The si-SHFM1 group presented a significantly higher proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase, lower levels of DNA replication, and significantly lower levels of cell migration and both TCA enzymes. Our current results indicated that there is a strong correlation between HR and the TCA cycle in LUAD. The TCA cycle can promote SHFM1-mediated HR in LUAD, raising their activities, which can finally result in a poor prognosis and impair immunotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyu Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Dongming He
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Liuliu Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Kun Deng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Junqi Qin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Zhiwen Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Tiaozhan Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Shikang Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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Coskun A, Kayhan H, Senturk F, Esmekaya MA, Canseven AG. The Efficacy of Electrochemotherapy with Dacarbazine on Melanoma Cells. Bioelectricity 2024; 6:118-125. [PMID: 39119570 PMCID: PMC11305008 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2023.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) involves locally applying electrical pulses to permeabilize cell membranes, using electroporation (EP). This process enhances the uptake of low-permeant chemotherapeutic agents, consequently amplifying their cytotoxic effects. In melanoma treatment, dacarbazine (DTIC) is a cornerstone, but it faces limitations because of poor cell membrane penetration, necessitating the use of high doses, which, in turn, leads to increased side effects. In our study, we investigated the effects of DTIC and EP, both individually and in combination, on the melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-30) as well as human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) using in vitro assays. First, the effects of different DTIC concentrations on the viability of SK-MEL-30 and HDF cells were determined, revealing that DTIC was more effective against melanoma cells at lower concentrations, whereas its cytotoxicity at 1000 μM was similar in both cell types. Next, an ideal electric field strength of 1500 V/cm achieved a balance between permeability (84%) and melanoma cell viability (79%), paving the way for effective ECT. The combined DTIC-EP (ECT) application reduced IC50 values by 2.2-fold in SK-MEL-30 cells and 2.7-fold in HDF cells compared with DTIC alone. In conclusion, ECT not only increased DTIC's cytotoxicity against melanoma cells but also affected healthy fibroblasts. These findings emphasize the need for cautious, targeted ECT management in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaddin Coskun
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Kayhan
- Department of Adult Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Senturk
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Meric Arda Esmekaya
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Srkalovic G, Rothe M, Mangat PK, Garrett-Mayer E, Ahn ER, Brouse G, Chan J, Mehmi I, Khalil M, Duvivier HL, Gaba A, Leuva H, Thota R, Yost KJ, Grantham GN, Gregory A, Hinshaw DC, Halabi S, Schilsky RL. Talazoparib in Patients With Solid Tumors With BRCA1/ 2 Mutation: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study. JCO Precis Oncol 2024; 8:e2400026. [PMID: 38865672 DOI: 10.1200/po.24.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study is a phase II basket trial evaluating the antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancer and genomic alterations known to be drug targets. Results of a cohort of patients with various solid tumors with germline or somatic BRCA1/2 mutations treated with talazoparib are reported. METHODS Eligible patients had advanced solid tumors, measurable disease (RECIST), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2, adequate organ function, and no standard treatment options. Patients with germline BRCA-mutated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer were not eligible for this study. Primary end point was disease control (DC) determined by investigator assessment of objective response (OR) or stable disease (SD) of at least 16 weeks duration (SD16+). The results were evaluated on the basis of a one-sided exact binomial test with a null DC rate of 15% versus 35% (power = 0.82; α = .10). Secondary end points were OR, progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, duration of SD, and safety. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients (20 cancer types) with BRCA1/2 mutations were enrolled from December 2019 to September 2021 and collapsed into a single histology pooled cohort for analysis. All patients were evaluable for efficacy. One complete response, nine partial response, and six SD16+ were observed for DC and OR rates of 57% (one-sided 90% CI, 43 to 100) and 36% (95% CI, 19 to 56), respectively. The null hypothesis of a 15% DC rate was rejected (P < .001). Patients with OR had the following tumor types: breast (2), nonmelanoma skin, mesothelioma, stomach, uterus, non-small cell lung cancer, ovary, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pancreas. Thirteen patients had at least one grade 3-5 adverse event (AE) or serious AE at least possibly related to talazoparib. All were consistent with the drug label except bilirubin increase and hyponatremia (both grade 3 AEs). CONCLUSION Talazoparib demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors and BRCA1/2 mutations, including cancer types for which poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors are not yet US Food and Drug Administration-approved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordan Srkalovic
- Herbert-Herman Cancer Center, Lansing, MI
- Michigan Cancer Research Consortium, Ypsilanti, MI
| | - Michael Rothe
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA
| | - Pam K Mangat
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA
| | | | | | | | - John Chan
- Sutter Cancer Research Consortium, San Francisco, CA
| | - Inderjit Mehmi
- The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, A Cedars-Sinai Affiliate, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Maya Khalil
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | | | | | | | | | - Kathleen J Yost
- Cancer Research Consortium of West Michigan, Grand Rapids, MI
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Khizer H, Maryam A, Ansari A, Ahmad MS, Khalid RR. Leveraging shape screening and molecular dynamics simulations to optimize PARP1-Specific chemo/radio-potentiators for antitumor drug design. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 756:110010. [PMID: 38642632 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
PARP1 plays a pivotal role in DNA repair within the base excision pathway, making it a promising therapeutic target for cancers involving BRCA mutations. Current study is focused on the discovery of PARP inhibitors with enhanced selectivity for PARP1. Concurrent inhibition of PARP1 with PARP2 and PARP3 affects cellular functions, potentially causing DNA damage accumulation and disrupting immune responses. In step 1, a virtual library of 593 million compounds has been screened using a shape-based screening approach to narrow down the promising scaffolds. In step 2, hierarchical docking approach embedded in Schrödinger suite was employed to select compounds with good dock score, drug-likeness and MMGBSA score. Analysis supplemented with decomposition energy, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and hydrogen bond frequency analysis, pinpointed that active site residues; H862, G863, R878, M890, Y896 and F897 are crucial for specific binding of ZINC001258189808 and ZINC000092332196 with PARP1 as compared to PARP2 and PARP3. The binding of ZINC000656130962, ZINC000762230673, ZINC001332491123, and ZINC000579446675 also revealed interaction involving two additional active site residues of PARP1, namely N767 and E988. Weaker or no interaction was observed for these residues with PARP2 and PARP3. This approach advances our understanding of PARP-1 specific inhibitors and their mechanisms of action, facilitating the development of targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hifza Khizer
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arooma Maryam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Adnan Ansari
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Rana Rehan Khalid
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Benmokhtar S, Laraqui A, Hilali F, Bajjou T, El Zaitouni S, Jafari M, Baba W, Elannaz H, Lahlou IA, Hafsa C, Oukabli M, Mahfoud T, Tanz R, Ichou M, Ennibi K, Dakka N, Sekhsokh Y. RAS/RAF/MAPK Pathway Mutations as Predictive Biomarkers in Middle Eastern Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2024; 18:11795549241255651. [PMID: 38798959 PMCID: PMC11128178 DOI: 10.1177/11795549241255651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This review article aims to investigate the prevalence and spectrum of rat sarcoma (RAS) and V-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog B (BRAF) mutations, and their connection with geographical location, clinicopathological features, and other relevant factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in the Middle East. Methods A systematic literature review, employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, was conducted to investigate the association between the frequency of relevant mutations and the descriptive clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. Multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched to analyze the relevant literature. Results A total of 19 eligible studies comprising 2960 patients with CRC were included in this review. A comprehensive analysis of the collected literature data as well as descriptive and methodological insights is provided. Men were predominant in reviewed studies for the region, accounting for 58.6%. Overall, RAS mutation prevalence was 38.1%. Kirsten RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog (KRAS) mutations were the most common, accounting for 37.1% of cases and distributed among different exons, with the G12D mutation being the most frequent in exon 2 (23.2%) followed by G12V (13.7%), G13D (10.1%), G12C (5.1%), G12A (5.04%), and G12S (3.6%). Neuroblastoma RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog (NRAS) mutations were identified in 3.3% of tumor samples, with the most common mutation site located in exons 2, 3, and 4, and codon 61 being the most common location for the region. The total mutation frequency in the BRAF gene was 2.6%, with the V600E mutation being the most common. Conclusion The distribution patterns of RAS and BRAF mutations among CRC patients exhibit notable variations across diverse ethnic groups. Our study sheds light on this phenomenon by demonstrating a higher prevalence of KRAS mutations in CRC patients from the Middle East, as compared with those from other regions. The identification of these mutations and geographical differences is important for personalized treatment planning and could potentially aid in the development of novel targeted therapies. The distinct distribution patterns of RAS and BRAF mutations among CRC patients across different ethnic groups, as well as the regional variability in mutation prevalence, highlight the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Benmokhtar
- Royal School of Military Health Service, Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious, and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Laraqui
- Royal School of Military Health Service, Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious, and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Farida Hilali
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Tahar Bajjou
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sara El Zaitouni
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Meryem Jafari
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Walid Baba
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hicham Elannaz
- Royal School of Military Health Service, Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious, and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Idriss Amine Lahlou
- Royal School of Military Health Service, Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious, and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chahdi Hafsa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Oukabli
- Department of Pathology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Tarik Mahfoud
- Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Rachid Tanz
- Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ichou
- Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khaled Ennibi
- Royal School of Military Health Service, Sequencing Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Center of Virology, Infectious, and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
- Center of Virology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nadia Dakka
- Laboratory of Biology of Human Pathologies and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yassine Sekhsokh
- Laboratory of Research and Biosafety P3, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Sriramulu S, Thoidingjam S, Siddiqui F, Brown SL, Movsas B, Walker E, Nyati S. BUB1 Inhibition Sensitizes TNBC Cell Lines to Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. Biomolecules 2024; 14:625. [PMID: 38927028 PMCID: PMC11202206 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BUB1 is overexpressed in most human solid cancers, including breast cancer. Higher BUB1 levels are associated with a poor prognosis, especially in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Women with TNBC often develop resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are still the mainstay of treatment for TNBC. Our previous studies demonstrated that a BUB1 kinase inhibitor (BAY1816032) reduced tumor cell proliferation and significantly enhanced radiotherapy efficacy in TNBC. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of BAY1816032 with a PARP inhibitor (olaparib), platinum agent (cisplatin), and microtubule poison (paclitaxel) alone or in combination with radiotherapy using cytotoxicity and clonogenic survival assays. BUB1 inhibitors sensitized BRCA1/2 wild-type SUM159 and MDA-MB-231 cells to olaparib, cisplatin, and paclitaxel synergistically (combination index; CI < 1). BAY1816032 significantly increased the radiation sensitization of SUM159 and MDA-MB-231 by olaparib, cisplatin, or paclitaxel at non-toxic concentrations (doses well below the IC50 concentrations). Importantly, the small molecular inhibitor of BUB1 synergistically (CI < 1) sensitized the BRCA mutant TNBC cell line HCC1937 to olaparib. Furthermore, the BUB1 inhibitor significantly increased the radiation enhancement ratio (rER) in HCC1937 cells (rER 1.34) compared to either agent alone (BUB1i rER 1.19; PARPi rER 1.04). The data presented here are significant as they provide proof that inhibition of BUB1 kinase activity sensitizes TNBC cell lines to a PARP inhibitor and radiation, irrespective of BRCA1/2 mutation status. Due to the ability of the BUB1 inhibitor to sensitize TNBC to different classes of drugs (platinum, PARPi, microtubule depolarization inhibitors), this work strongly supports the role of BUB1 as a novel molecular target to improve chemoradiation efficacy in TNBC and provides a rationale for the clinical evaluation of BAY1816032 as a chemosensitizer and chemoradiosensitizer in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Sriramulu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Shivani Thoidingjam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Farzan Siddiqui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Stephen L. Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Benjamin Movsas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Eleanor Walker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Shyam Nyati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Henry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health Sciences, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Smith-Pillet ES, Billur R, Langelier MF, Talele TT, Pascal JM, Black BE. A PARP2-specific active site α-helix melts to permit DNA damage-induced enzymatic activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.20.594972. [PMID: 38826291 PMCID: PMC11142140 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.594972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
PARP1 and PARP2 recognize DNA breaks immediately upon their formation, generate a burst of local PARylation to signal their location, and are co-targeted by all current FDA-approved forms of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) used in the cancer clinic. Recent evidence indicates that the same PARPi molecules impact PARP2 differently from PARP1, raising the possibility that allosteric activation may also differ. We find that unlike for PARP1, destabilization of the autoinhibitory domain of PARP2 is insufficient for DNA damage-induced catalytic activation. Rather, PARP2 activation requires further unfolding of an active site α-helix absent in PARP1. Only one clinical PARPi, Olaparib, stabilizes the PARP2 active site α-helix, representing a structural feature with the potential to discriminate small molecule inhibitors. Collectively, our findings reveal unanticipated differences in local structure and changes in activation-coupled backbone dynamics between PARP1 and PARP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Smith-Pillet
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Penn Center for Genome Integrity, Epigenetics Institute
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biophysics, Chemical Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19140-6059 USA
| | - Ramya Billur
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Penn Center for Genome Integrity, Epigenetics Institute
| | - Marie-France Langelier
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal Montréal, (Québec), H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Tanaji T. Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439 USA
| | - John M. Pascal
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal Montréal, (Québec), H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Ben E. Black
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Penn Center for Genome Integrity, Epigenetics Institute
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biophysics, Chemical Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19140-6059 USA
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Runnebohm AM, Wijeratne HRS, Justice SAP, Wijeratne AB, Roy G, Singh N, Hergenrother P, Boothman DA, Motea EA, Mosley AL. IB-DNQ and Rucaparib dual treatment alters cell cycle regulation and DNA repair in triple negative breast cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.15.594427. [PMID: 38798459 PMCID: PMC11118307 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.15.594427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by the lack of three canonical receptors, is unresponsive to commonly used hormonal therapies. One potential TNBC-specific therapeutic target is NQO1, as it is highly expressed in many TNBC patients and lowly expressed in non-cancer tissues. DNA damage induced by NQO1 bioactivatable drugs in combination with Rucaparib-mediated inhibition of PARP1-dependent DNA repair synergistically induces cell death. Methods To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms behind this synergistic effect, we used global proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and thermal proteome profiling to analyze changes in protein abundance, phosphorylation and protein thermal stability. Results Very few protein abundance changes resulted from single or dual agent treatment; however, protein phosphorylation and thermal stability were impacted. Histone H2AX was among several proteins identified to have increased phosphorylation when cells were treated with the combination of IB-DNQ and Rucaparib, validating that the drugs induced persistent DNA damage. Thermal proteome profiling revealed destabilization of H2AX following combination treatment, potentially a result of the increase in phosphorylation. Kinase substrate enrichment analysis predicted altered activity for kinases involved in DNA repair and cell cycle following dual agent treatment. Further biophysical analysis of these two processes revealed alterations in SWI/SNF complex association and tubulin / p53 interactions. Conclusions Our findings that the drugs target DNA repair and cell cycle regulation, canonical cancer treatment targets, in a way that is dependent on increased expression of a protein selectively found to be upregulated in cancers without impacting protein abundance illustrate that multi-omics methodologies are important to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind treatment induced cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery M Runnebohm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - H R Sagara Wijeratne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sarah A Peck Justice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biology, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Aruna B Wijeratne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gitanjali Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Paul Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - David A Boothman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Edward A Motea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Amber L Mosley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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Hu H, Serra C, Zhang W, Scrivo A, Fernández-Carasa I, Consiglio A, Aytes A, Pujana MA, Llebaria A, Antolin AA. Identification of differential biological activity and synergy between the PARP inhibitor rucaparib and its major metabolite. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:973-988.e4. [PMID: 38335967 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The (poly)pharmacology of drug metabolites is seldom comprehensively characterized in drug discovery. However, some drug metabolites can reach high plasma concentrations and display in vivo activity. Here, we use computational and experimental methods to comprehensively characterize the kinase polypharmacology of M324, the major metabolite of the PARP1 inhibitor rucaparib. We demonstrate that M324 displays unique PLK2 inhibition at clinical concentrations. This kinase activity could have implications for the efficacy and safety of rucaparib and therefore warrants further clinical investigation. Importantly, we identify synergy between the drug and the metabolite in prostate cancer models and a complete reduction of α-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease models. These activities could be harnessed in the clinic or open new drug discovery opportunities. The study reported here highlights the importance of characterizing the activity of drug metabolites to comprehensively understand drug response in the clinic and exploit our current drug arsenal in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Hu
- Center for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Carme Serra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis (MCS) Laboratory, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules (SIMChem), Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Aurora Scrivo
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Carasa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonella Consiglio
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alvaro Aytes
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis (MCS) Laboratory, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Synthesis of High Added Value Molecules (SIMChem), Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert A Antolin
- Center for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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50
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Wu H, Lu A, Yuan J, Yu Y, Lv C, Lu J. Mono-ADP-ribosylation, a MARylationmultifaced modification of protein, DNA and RNA: characterizations, functions and mechanisms. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:226. [PMID: 38734665 PMCID: PMC11088682 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The functional alterations of proteins and nucleic acids mainly rely on their modifications. ADP-ribosylation is a NAD+-dependent modification of proteins and, in some cases, of nucleic acids. This modification is broadly categorized as Mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation (MARylation) or poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation). MARylation catalyzed by mono(ADP-ribosyl) transferases (MARTs) is more common in cells and the number of MARTs is much larger than poly(ADP-ribosyl) transferases. Unlike PARylation is well-characterized, research on MARylation is at the starting stage. However, growing evidence demonstrate the cellular functions of MARylation, supporting its potential roles in human health and diseases. In this review, we outlined MARylation-associated proteins including MARTs, the ADP-ribosyl hydrolyses and ADP-ribose binding domains. We summarized up-to-date findings about MARylation onto newly identified substrates including protein, DNA and RNA, and focused on the functions of these reactions in pathophysiological conditions as well as speculated the potential mechanisms. Furthermore, new strategies of MARylation detection and the current state of MARTs inhibitors were discussed. We also provided an outlook for future study, aiming to revealing the unknown biological properties of MARylation and its relevant mechanisms, and establish a novel therapeutic perspective in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Anqi Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiuzhi Yuan
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chongning Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jincai Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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