1
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Guan PC, Qi QJ, Wang YQ, Lin JS, Zhang YJ, Li JF. Development of a 3D Hydrogel SERS Chip for Noninvasive, Real-Time pH and Glucose Monitoring in Sweat. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:48139-48146. [PMID: 39197856 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Traditional diagnostic methods, such as blood tests, are invasive and time-consuming, while sweat biomarkers offer a rapid physiological assessment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has garnered significant attention in sweat analysis because of its high sensitivity, label-free nature, and nondestructive properties. However, challenges related to substrate reproducibility and interference from the biological matrix persist with SERS. This study developed a novel ratio-based 3D hydrogel SERS chip, providing a noninvasive solution for real-time monitoring of pH and glucose levels in sweat. Encapsulating the probe molecule (4-MBN) in nanoscale gaps to form gold nanoflower-like nanotags with internal standards and integrating them into an agarose hydrogel to create a 3D flexible SERS substrate significantly enhances the reproducibility and stability of sweat analysis. Gap-Au nanopetals modified with probe molecules are uniformly dispersed throughout the porous hydrogel structure, facilitating the effective detection of the pH and glucose in sweat. The 3D hydrogel SERS chip demonstrates a strong linear relationship in pH and glucose detection, with a pH response range of 5.5-8.0 and a glucose detection range of 0.01-5 mM, with R2 values of 0.9973 and 0.9923, respectively. In actual sweat samples, the maximum error in pH detection accuracy is only 1.13%, with a lower glucose detection limit of 0.25 mM. This study suggests that the ratio-based 3D hydrogel SERS chip provides convenient, reliable, and rapid detection capabilities with substantial application potential for analyzing body fluid pH and glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Guan
- College of Materials, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qian-Jiao Qi
- College of Materials, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- College of Materials, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Lin
- College of Materials, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yue-Jiao Zhang
- College of Materials, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- College of Materials, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Scientific Research Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen 361005, China
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2
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Fateixa S, Martins ALF, Colaço B, António M, Daniel-da-Silva AL. Integrated magneto-plasmonic nanostructures-based immunoassay for galectin-3 detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:5212-5222. [PMID: 39007190 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00972j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of global mortality, highlighting the need for accurate diagnostic tools and the detection of specific cardiac biomarkers. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has proved to be a promising alternative diagnostic tool to detect relevant biomarkers compared to traditional methods. To our knowledge, SERS methodology has never been used to detect galectin-3 (Gal-3), a crucial biomarker for cardiovascular conditions. Our study aimed to develop plasmonic and magneto-plasmonic nanoplatforms for the sensitive immunodetection of Gal-3 using SERS. Spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were synthesized and functionalized with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUDA) to enable antibody binding and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4MBA) that served as a Raman reporter due to its intense Raman signal. Following bioconjugation with Gal-3 antibody, the AuNPs were employed in the immunodetection of Gal-3 in phosphate-buffer saline (PBS) solution, offering a limit of detection (LOD) of 12.2 ng mL-1 and a working range up to 120 ng mL-1. Furthermore, our SERS-based immunosystem demonstrated selectivity for Gal-3 (40 ng mL-1) in the presence of other biomolecules such as α-amylase, bovine serum albumin and human C-reactive protein. As a proof of concept, we developed magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles composed of silica-coated magnetite decorated with the bioconjugated AuNPs aimed at enhancing the uptake and detection of Gal-3 via SERS coupled with Raman imaging. Our findings underscore the potential of SERS-based techniques for the sensitive and specific detection of biomarkers, holding significant implications for improved diagnosis and surveillance of cardiovascular diseases. Future research will focus on further optimizing these nanoplatforms and their translation into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fateixa
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana L F Martins
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz Colaço
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Maria António
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana L Daniel-da-Silva
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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3
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Ten A, Lomonosov V, Boukouvala C, Ringe E. Magnesium Nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering and Plasmon-Driven Catalysis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18785-18799. [PMID: 38963330 PMCID: PMC11256891 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructures of some metals can sustain localized surface plasmon resonances, collective oscillations of free electrons excited by incident light. This effect results in wavelength-dependent absorption and scattering, enhancement of the incident electric field at the metal surface, and generation of hot carriers as a decay product. The enhanced electric field can be utilized to amplify the spectroscopic signal in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), while hot carriers can be exploited for catalytic applications. In recent years, cheaper and more earth abundant alternatives to traditional plasmonic Au and Ag have gained growing attention. Here, we demonstrate the ability of plasmonic Mg nanoparticles to enhance Raman scattering and drive chemical transformations upon laser irradiation. The plasmonic properties of Mg nanoparticles are characterized at the bulk and single particle level by optical spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with electron energy-loss spectroscopy and supported by numerical simulations. SERS enhancement factors of ∼102 at 532 and 633 nm are obtained using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and 4-nitrobenzenethiol. Furthermore, the reductive coupling of 4-nitrobenzenethiol to 4,4'-dimercaptoazobenzene is observed on the surface of Mg nanoparticles under 532 nm excitation in the absence of reducing agents, indicating a plasmon-driven catalytic process. Once decorated with Pd, Mg nanostructures display an enhancement factor of 103 along with an increase in the rate of catalytic coupling. The results of this study demonstrate the successful application of plasmonic Mg nanoparticles in sensing and plasmon-enhanced catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Ten
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Lomonosov
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Boukouvala
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
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4
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Troncoso-Afonso L, Vinnacombe-Willson GA, García-Astrain C, Liz-Márzan LM. SERS in 3D cell models: a powerful tool in cancer research. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5118-5148. [PMID: 38607302 PMCID: PMC11104264 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01049j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tumoral processes is fundamental for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In this regard, three-dimensional (3D) cancer cell models more realistically mimic tumors compared to conventional 2D cell cultures and are more attractive for performing such studies. Nonetheless, the analysis of such architectures is challenging because most available techniques are destructive, resulting in the loss of biochemical information. On the contrary, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a non-invasive analytical tool that can record the structural fingerprint of molecules present in complex biological environments. The implementation of SERS in 3D cancer models can be leveraged to track therapeutics, the production of cancer-related metabolites, different signaling and communication pathways, and to image the different cellular components and structural features. In this review, we highlight recent progress in the use of SERS for the evaluation of cancer diagnosis and therapy in 3D tumoral models. We outline strategies for the delivery and design of SERS tags and shed light on the possibilities this technique offers for studying different cellular processes, through either biosensing or bioimaging modalities. Finally, we address current challenges and future directions, such as overcoming the limitations of SERS and the need for the development of user-friendly and robust data analysis methods. Continued development of SERS 3D bioimaging and biosensing systems, techniques, and analytical strategies, can provide significant contributions for early disease detection, novel cancer therapies, and the realization of patient-tailored medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Troncoso-Afonso
- BioNanoPlasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Gail A Vinnacombe-Willson
- BioNanoPlasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Clara García-Astrain
- BioNanoPlasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería Biomateriales, y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis M Liz-Márzan
- BioNanoPlasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería Biomateriales, y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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5
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Hao Z, Fu S, Liu H, Zhao H, Gu C, Jiang T. Biomimetic SERS substrate with silicon-mediated internal standard: Improved sensing of environmental pollutants and nutrients. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 309:123805. [PMID: 38154300 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic materials with fascinating natural micro-nano surface structures offer a good choice for the simple fabrication of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. This study presented a novel sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC)-Ag biomimetic substrate which was fabricated through the reverse replication of micro-nano structures from cantaloupe peel. Particularly, silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) were doped into this flexible biomimetic substrate in its fabrication process. Abundant electromagnetic "hotspots" could be effectively excited in this Ag densely covered matrix which maintained numerous protrusions as well as vertical and horizontal grooves. Specifically, the doped Si NPs exhibited a robust intrinsic Raman peak, which could be employed as an internal standard to calibrate the target signal. In this regard, the biomimetic substrate with the optimal electromagnetic enhancement and the quantitative calibration capabilities exhibited a high enhancement factor and a remedied linear relationship in the detection. After a perfect uniformity of signal was proved by the corrected SERS mapping, the biomimetic SERS substrate was finally utilized in the practical analysis of methylene blue (MB) and β-carotene with ultra-low limit of detection, highlighting its importance in practical detection scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidong Hao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shijiao Fu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hengwei Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Chenjie Gu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China.
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6
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Morder CJ, Schultz ZD. A 3D printed sheath flow interface for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection in flow. Analyst 2024; 149:1849-1860. [PMID: 38347805 PMCID: PMC10926779 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02125d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective technique for detecting molecules in aqueous solutions due to its insensitivity to water, which makes it especially useful for biological samples. Utilizing SERS in flow can aid in a variety of applications such as metabolomics, pharmaceuticals, and diagnostics. The ability to 3D print complex objects enables rapid dissemination of prototypes. A 3D printed flow cell for sheath flow SERS detection has been developed that can incorporate a variety of planar substrates. The 3D printed flow cell incorporates hydrodynamic focusing, a sheath flow, that confines the analyte near the SERS substrate. Since the SERS signal obtained relies on the interaction between analyte molecules and nanostructures, sheath flow increases the detection efficiency and eliminates many issues associated with SERS detection in solution. This device was optimized by analyzing both molecules and particles with and without using sheath flow for SERS detection. Our results show that the flow rates can be optimized to increase the SERS signal obtained from a variety of analytes, and that the signal was increased when using sheath flow. This 3D printed flow cell offers a straightforward method to disseminate this technology and to facilitate online SERS detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Morder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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7
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Talaikis M, Mikoliunaite L, Gkouzi AM, Petrikaitė V, Stankevičius E, Drabavičius A, Selskis A, Juškėnas R, Niaura G. Multiwavelength SERS of Magneto-Plasmonic Nanoparticles Obtained by Combined Laser Ablation and Solvothermal Methods. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:49396-49405. [PMID: 38162725 PMCID: PMC10753541 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The present study introduces a novel method for the synthesis of magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles (MPNPs) with enhanced functionality for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. By employing pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) to synthesize plasmonic nanoparticles and wet chemistry to synthesize magnetic nanoparticles, we successfully fabricated chemically pure hybrid Fe3O4@Au and Fe3O4@Ag nanoparticles. We demonstrated a straightforward approach of an electrostatic attachment of the plasmonic and magnetic parts using positively charged polyethylenimine. The MPNPs displayed high SERS sensitivity and reproducibility, and the magnetic part allowed for the controlled separation of the nanoparticles from the reaction mixture, their subsequent concentration, and their precise deposition onto a specified surface area. Additionally, we fabricated alloy based MPNPs from AgxAu100-x (x = 50 and 80 wt %) targets with distinct localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelengths. The compositions, morphologies, and optical properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, and multiwavelength Raman spectroscopy. A standard SERS marker, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), validated the enhancement properties of the MPNPs and found an enhancement factor of 2 × 108 for the Fe3O4@Ag nanoparticles at 633 nm excitation. Lastly, we applied MPNP-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of the biologically relevant molecule adenine and found a limit of detection of 10-7 M at 785 nm excitation. The integration of PLAL and wet chemical methods enabled the relatively fast and cost-effective production of MPNPs characterized by high SERS sensitivity and signal reproducibility that are required in various fields, including biomedicine, food safety, materials science, security, and defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martynas Talaikis
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lina Mikoliunaite
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aikaterini-Maria Gkouzi
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vita Petrikaitė
- Department
of Laser Technologies, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Savanorių Av. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Evaldas Stankevičius
- Department
of Laser Technologies, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Savanorių Av. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Drabavičius
- Department
of Characterization of Materials Structure, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Selskis
- Department
of Characterization of Materials Structure, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Remigijus Juškėnas
- Department
of Characterization of Materials Structure, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Niaura
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical
Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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8
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Chae S, Kim MS, Kim JH, Fortner JD. Nanobubble Reactivity: Evaluating Hydroxyl Radical Generation (or Lack Thereof) under Ambient Conditions. ACS ES&T ENGINEERING 2023; 3:1504-1510. [PMID: 37854075 PMCID: PMC10581208 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanobubble (NB) generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydroxyl radical (·OH), has been controversial. In this work, we extensively characterize NBs in solution, with a focus on ROS generation (as ·OH), through a number of methods including degradation of ·OH-specific target compounds, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and a fluorescence-based indicator. Generated NBs exhibit consistent physical characteristics (size, surface potential, and concentration) when compared with previous studies. For conditions described, which are considered as high O2 NB concentrations, no degradation of benzoic acid (BA), a well-studied ·OH scavenger, was observed in the presence of NBs (over 24 h) and no EPR signal for ·OH was detected. While a positive fluorescence response was measured when using a fluorescence probe for ·OH, aminophenyl fluorescein (APF), we provide an alternate explanation for the result. Gas/liquid interfacial characterization indicates that the surface of a NB is proton-rich and capable of inducing acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of APF, which results in a false (positive) fluorescence response. Given these negative results, we conclude that NB-induced ·OH generation is minimal, if at all, for conditions evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung
Hee Chae
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Min Sik Kim
- Department
of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - John D. Fortner
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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9
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Rourke-Funderburg AS, Walter AB, Carroll B, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Locke AK. Development of a Low-Cost Paper-Based Platform for Coffee Ring-Assisted SERS. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33745-33754. [PMID: 37744797 PMCID: PMC10515595 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The need for highly sensitive, low-cost, and timely diagnostic technologies at the point of care is increasing. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that is an advantageous technique to address this need, as it can rapidly detect analytes in small or dilute samples with improved sensitivity compared to conventional Raman spectroscopy. Despite the many advantages of SERS, one drawback of the technique is poor reproducibility due to variable interactions between nanoparticles and target analytes. To overcome this limitation, coupling SERS with the coffee ring effect has been implemented to concentrate and localize analyte-nanoparticle conjugates for improved signal reproducibility. However, current coffee ring platforms require laborious fabrication steps. Herein, we present a low-cost, two-step fabrication process for coffee ring-assisted SERS, utilizing wax-printed nitrocellulose paper. The platform was designed to produce a highly hydrophobic paper substrate that supports the coffee ring effect and tested using gold nanoparticles for SERS sensing. The nanoparticle concentration and solvent were varied to determine the effect of solution composition on ring formation and center clearance. The SERS signal was validated using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) and tested with Moraxella catarrhalis bacteria to ensure functionality for chemical and biological applications. The limit of detection using MBA is 41.56 nM, and the biochemical components of the bacterial cell wall were enhanced with low spectral variability. The developed platform is advantageous due to ease of fabrication and use, representing the next step toward implementing low-cost coffee ring-assisted SERS for point-of-care sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S. Rourke-Funderburg
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
- Vanderbilt
Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
| | - Alec B. Walter
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
- Vanderbilt
Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
| | - Braden Carroll
- Vanderbilt
Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
| | - Anita Mahadevan-Jansen
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
- Vanderbilt
Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
| | - Andrea K. Locke
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
- Vanderbilt
Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240-0002, United
States
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10
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Li D, Xu C, Xie J, Lee C. Research Progress in Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy: From Performance Optimization, Sensing Applications, to System Integration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2377. [PMID: 37630962 PMCID: PMC10458771 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Infrared absorption spectroscopy is an effective tool for the detection and identification of molecules. However, its application is limited by the low infrared absorption cross-section of the molecule, resulting in low sensitivity and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy is a breakthrough technique that exploits the field-enhancing properties of periodic nanostructures to amplify the vibrational signals of trace molecules. The fascinating properties of SEIRA technology have aroused great interest, driving diverse sensing applications. In this review, we first discuss three ways for SEIRA performance optimization, including material selection, sensitivity enhancement, and bandwidth improvement. Subsequently, we discuss the potential applications of SEIRA technology in fields such as biomedicine and environmental monitoring. In recent years, we have ushered in a new era characterized by the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and wearable devices. These new demands spurred the pursuit of miniaturized and consolidated infrared spectroscopy systems and chips. In addition, the rise of machine learning has injected new vitality into SEIRA, bringing smart device design and data analysis to the foreground. The final section of this review explores the anticipated trajectory that SEIRA technology might take, highlighting future trends and possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Junsheng Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou 215123, China
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11
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Golubewa L, Klimovich A, Timoshchenko I, Padrez Y, Fetisova M, Rehman H, Karvinen P, Selskis A, Adomavičiu̅tė-Grabusovė S, Matulaitienė I, Ramanavicius A, Karpicz R, Kulahava T, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P. Stable and Reusable Lace-like Black Silicon Nanostructures Coated with Nanometer-Thick Gold Films for SERS-Based Sensing. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4770-4781. [PMID: 37006910 PMCID: PMC10043874 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We propose a simple, fast, and low-cost method for producing Au-coated black Si-based SERS-active substrates with a proven enhancement factor of 106. Room temperature reactive ion etching of silicon wafer followed by nanometer-thin gold sputtering allows the formation of a highly developed lace-type Si surface covered with homogeneously distributed gold islands. The mosaic structure of deposited gold allows the use of Au-uncovered Si domains for Raman peak intensity normalization. The fabricated SERS substrates have prominent uniformity (with less than 6% SERS signal variations over large areas, 100 × 100 μm2). It has been found that the storage of SERS-active substrates in an ambient environment reduces the SERS signal by less than 3% in 1 month and not more than 40% in 20 months. We showed that Au-coated black Si-based SERS-active substrates can be reused after oxygen plasma cleaning and developed relevant protocols for removing covalently bonded and electrostatically attached molecules. Experiments revealed that the Raman signal of 4-MBA molecules covalently bonded to the Au coating measured after the 10th cycle was just 4 times lower than that observed for the virgin substrate. A case study of the reusability of the black Si-based substrate was conducted for the subsequent detection of 10-5 M doxorubicin, a widely used anticancer drug, after the reuse cycle. The obtained SERS spectra of doxorubicin were highly reproducible. We demonstrated that the fabricated substrate permits not only qualitative but also quantitative monitoring of analytes and is suitable for the determination of concentrations of doxorubicin in the range of 10-9-10-4 M. Reusable, stable, reliable, durable, low-cost Au-coated black Si-based SERS-active substrates are promising tools for routine laboratory research in different areas of science and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Golubewa
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Aliona Klimovich
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, State Research Institute
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Igor Timoshchenko
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Yaraslau Padrez
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Marina Fetisova
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Hamza Rehman
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Petri Karvinen
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Algirdas Selskis
- Department
of Characterization of Materials Structure, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | | | - Ieva Matulaitienė
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, State Research Institute
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
| | - Renata Karpicz
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
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12
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Nisini G, Scroccarello A, Ripanti F, Fasolato C, Cappelluti F, Capocefalo A, Della Pelle F, Compagnone D, Postorino P. Nanoscale Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Investigation of a Polyphenol-Based Plasmonic Nanovector. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:377. [PMID: 36770338 PMCID: PMC9921702 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The demand for next-generation multifunctional nanovectors, combining therapeutic effects with specific cellular targeting, has significantly grown during the last few years, pursuing less invasive therapy strategies. Polyphenol-conjugated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) appear as potential multifunctional nanovectors, integrating the biorecognition capability and the antioxidant power of polyphenols, the antimicrobial activity of silver, and the drug delivery capability of NPs. We present a spectroscopic and microscopic investigation on polyphenol-synthesized AgNPs, selecting caffeic acid (CA) and catechol (CT) as model polyphenols and using them as reducing agents for the AgNP green synthesis, both in the presence and in the absence of a capping agent. We exploit the plasmonic properties of AgNPs to collect Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectra from the nanosized region next to the Ag surface and to characterize the molecular environment in the proximity of the NP, assessing the orientation and tunable deprotonation level of CA, depending on the synthesis conditions. Our results suggest that the SERS investigation of such nanovectors can provide crucial information for their perspective biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Nisini
- Physics Department, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Scroccarello
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Ripanti
- Physics Department, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Physics and Geology Department, University of Perugia, via A. Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Fasolato
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angela Capocefalo
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Della Pelle
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Dario Compagnone
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paolo Postorino
- Physics Department, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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13
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Becerril-Castro IB, Calderon I, Ockova J, Liebel M, van Hulst NF, Giannini V, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Direct Modular Printing of Plasmonic Chemosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57165-57170. [PMID: 36516398 PMCID: PMC9801379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present and implement a new approach for producing modular inkjet-printable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chemosensors. These sensors, combined with a rapid large field-of-view imaging system allow for fast imaging of the chemical characteristics of a sample. The performance of these materials is illustrated by printing a pH sensor on paper and interrogating aqueous solutions at different pH values. Results show single-shot images exceeding 9 mm2 which are readily read out via SERS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Brian Becerril-Castro
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo SN (Edificio N5), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Irene Calderon
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo SN (Edificio N5), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jana Ockova
- ICFO, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matz Liebel
- ICFO, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Niek F. van Hulst
- ICFO, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Giannini
- Instituto
de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Technology
Innovation Institute, Masdar City 50819, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of
Excellence ENSEMBLE3 sp. z o.o., Wolczynska 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo SN (Edificio N5), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Dayalan S, Gedda G, Li R, Zulfajri M, Huang GG. Vancomycin functionalization of gold nanostars for sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens through surface‐enhanced Raman scattering. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandhiya Dayalan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Gangaraju Gedda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Presidency University Bangalore India
| | - Ruei–Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Zulfajri
- Department of Chemistry Education Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh Indonesia
| | - Genin Gary Huang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat‐sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan
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15
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Zoltowski CM, Shoup DN, Schultz ZD. Investigation of SERS Frequency Fluctuations Relevant to Sensing and Catalysis. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:14547-14557. [PMID: 37425396 PMCID: PMC10327581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c03150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The excitation of plasmon resonances on nanoparticles generates locally enhanced electric fields commonly used for sensing applications and energetic charge carriers can drive chemical transformations as photocatalysts. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra from mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) adsorbed to gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and silica encapsulated gold nanoparticles (AuNP@silica) can be used to assess the impact of energetic charge carriers on the observed signal. Measurements were recorded using a traditional point focused Raman spectroscopy and a wide-field spectral imaging approach to assess changes in the spectra of the different particles at increasing power density. The wide-field approach provides an increase in sampling statistics and shows evidence of SERS frequency fluctuations from MBA at low power densities, where it is commonly difficult to record spectra from a point focused spot. The increased spectral resolution of the point spectroscopy measurement provides improved peak identification and the ability to correlate the frequency fluctuations to charged intermediate species. Interestingly, our work suggests that isolated nanoparticles may undergo frequency fluctuations more readily than aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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16
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State of the Art in Smart Portable, Wearable, Ingestible and Implantable Devices for Health Status Monitoring and Disease Management. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114228. [PMID: 35684847 PMCID: PMC9185336 DOI: 10.3390/s22114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Several illnesses that are chronic and acute are becoming more relevant as the world's aging population expands, and the medical sector is transforming rapidly, as a consequence of which the need for "point-of-care" (POC), identification/detection, and real time management of health issues that have been required for a long time are increasing. Biomarkers are biological markers that help to detect status of health or disease. Biosensors' applications are for screening for early detection, chronic disease treatment, health management, and well-being surveillance. Smart devices that allow continual monitoring of vital biomarkers for physiological health monitoring, medical diagnosis, and assessment are becoming increasingly widespread in a variety of applications, ranging from biomedical to healthcare systems of surveillance and monitoring. The term "smart" is used due to the ability of these devices to extract data with intelligence and in real time. Wearable, implantable, ingestible, and portable devices can all be considered smart devices; this is due to their ability of smart interpretation of data, through their smart sensors or biosensors and indicators. Wearable and portable devices have progressed more and more in the shape of various accessories, integrated clothes, and body attachments and inserts. Moreover, implantable and ingestible devices allow for the medical diagnosis and treatment of patients using tiny sensors and biomedical gadgets or devices have become available, thus increasing the quality and efficacy of medical treatments by a significant margin. This article summarizes the state of the art in portable, wearable, ingestible, and implantable devices for health status monitoring and disease management and their possible applications. It also identifies some new technologies that have the potential to contribute to the development of personalized care. Further, these devices are non-invasive in nature, providing information with accuracy and in given time, thus making these devices important for the future use of humanity.
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17
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Improved hybrid-shelled perfluorocarbon microdroplets as ultrasound- and laser-activated phase-change platform. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Leong SX, Leong YX, Tan EX, Sim HYF, Koh CSL, Lee YH, Chong C, Ng LS, Chen JRT, Pang DWC, Nguyen LBT, Boong SK, Han X, Kao YC, Chua YH, Phan-Quang GC, Phang IY, Lee HK, Abdad MY, Tan NS, Ling XY. Noninvasive and Point-of-Care Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Breathalyzer for Mass Screening of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) under 5 min. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2629-2639. [PMID: 35040314 PMCID: PMC8791036 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Population-wide surveillance of COVID-19 requires tests to be quick and accurate to minimize community transmissions. The detection of breath volatile organic compounds presents a promising option for COVID-19 surveillance but is currently limited by bulky instrumentation and inflexible analysis protocol. Here, we design a hand-held surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based breathalyzer to identify COVID-19 infected individuals in under 5 min, achieving >95% sensitivity and specificity across 501 participants regardless of their displayed symptoms. Our SERS-based breathalyzer harnesses key variations in vibrational fingerprints arising from interactions between breath metabolites and multiple molecular receptors to establish a robust partial least-squares discriminant analysis model for high throughput classifications. Crucially, spectral regions influencing classification show strong corroboration with reported potential COVID-19 breath biomarkers, both through experiment and in silico. Our strategy strives to spur the development of next-generation, noninvasive human breath diagnostic toolkits tailored for mass screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Xuan Leong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yong Xiang Leong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Emily Xi Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Howard Yi Fan Sim
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Charlynn Sher Lin Koh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yih Hong Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Carice Chong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Li Shiuan Ng
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jaslyn Ru Ting Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Desmond Wei Cheng Pang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Lam Bang Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Siew Kheng Boong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Xuemei Han
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Ya-Chuan Kao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yi Heng Chua
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Gia Chuong Phan-Quang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Silver Factory Technology Pte.
Ltd., Singapore 169203, Singapore
| | - In Yee Phang
- Silver Factory Technology Pte.
Ltd., Singapore 169203, Singapore
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Yazid Abdad
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory,
National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442,
Singapore
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health,
Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford
OX3 7LG, U.K.
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 308232,
Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore 637551,
Singapore
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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19
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Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a powerful technique for trace molecular detection, depends on chemical and electromagnetic enhancements. While recent advances in instrumentation and substrate design have expanded the utility, reproducibility, and quantitative capabilities of SERS, some challenges persist. In this review, advances in quantitative SERS detection are discussed as they relate to intermolecular interactions, surface selection rules, and target molecule solubility and accessibility. After a brief introduction to Raman scattering and SERS, impacts of surface selection rules and enhancement mechanisms are discussed as they relate to the observation of activation and deactivation of normal Raman modes in SERS. Next, experimental conditions that can be used to tune molecular affinity to and density near SERS substrates are summarized and considered while tuning these parameters are conveyed. Finally, successful examples of quantitative SERS detection are discussed, and future opportunities are outlined. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 73 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Norton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA;
| | - Hoa T Phan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA;
| | | | - Amanda J Haes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA;
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20
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Simo PC, Laible F, Horneber A, Burkhardt CJ, Fleischer M. Hexagonal arrays of plasmonic gold nanopyramids on flexible substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:095303. [PMID: 34727539 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with pyramidal gold nanostructures increases the signal of Raman active analytes, since hotspots form at the edges and tip of a nanopyramid under illumination. 2D hexagonal arrays of pyramidal nanostructures with a quadratic base are fabricated through cost-effective nanosphere lithography and transferred onto elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane. By making use of the {111} crystal plane of a silicon (100) wafer, an inverted pyramidal array is etched, which serves as the complementary negative for the gold nanostructures. Either a continuous gold thin-film with protruding pyramids or separate isolated nanopyramids are produced. Three basic fabrication strategies are presented. The SERS enhancement is verified by Raman mapping of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) molecules. Fabrication on a flexible substrate paves the way for future applications on curved surfaces orin situtunable resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Christian Simo
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Florian Laible
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anke Horneber
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claus J Burkhardt
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Monika Fleischer
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tübingen, Germany
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21
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Sloan-Dennison S, Laing S, Graham D, Faulds K. From Raman to SESORRS: moving deeper into cancer detection and treatment monitoring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12436-12451. [PMID: 34734952 PMCID: PMC8609625 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive technique that allows specific chemical information to be obtained from various types of sample. The detailed molecular information that is present in Raman spectra permits monitoring of biochemical changes that occur in diseases, such as cancer, and can be used for the early detection and diagnosis of the disease, for monitoring treatment, and to distinguish between cancerous and non-cancerous biological samples. Several techniques have been developed to enhance the capabilities of Raman spectroscopy by improving detection sensitivity, reducing imaging times and increasing the potential applicability for in vivo analysis. The different Raman techniques each have their own advantages that can accommodate the alternative detection formats, allowing the techniques to be applied in several ways for the detection and diagnosis of cancer. This feature article discusses the various forms of Raman spectroscopy, how they have been applied for cancer detection, and the adaptation of the techniques towards their use for in vivo cancer detection and in clinical diagnostics. Despite the advances in Raman spectroscopy, the clinical application of the technique is still limited and certain challenges must be overcome to enable clinical translation. We provide an outlook on the future of the techniques in this area and what we believe is required to allow the potential of Raman spectroscopy to be achieved for clinical cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Sloan-Dennison
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Stacey Laing
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
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22
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A simple and reliable approach for the fabrication of nanoporous silver patterns for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22295. [PMID: 34785690 PMCID: PMC8595463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures with a reliable, low cost and easy approach has become a crucial and urgent challenge in many fields, including surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based applications. In this frame, nanoporous metal films are quite attractive, due to their intrinsic large surface area and high density of metal nanogaps, acting as hot-spots for Raman signal enhancement. In this paper, we report a detailed study on the fabrication of nanoporous silver-based SERS substrates, obtained by the application of two successive treatments with an Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) system, using synthetic air and Ar as feeding gases. The obtained substrates exhibit a quite broad plasmonic response, covering the Vis–NIR range, and an enhancement factor reaching 6.5 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\times\, 10^7$$\end{document}×107, estimated by using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) as probe molecule at 532 nm. Moreover, the substrates exhibit a quite good spatial reproducibility on a centimeter scale, which assures a good signal stability for analytical measurements. Globally, the developed protocol is easy and cost effective, potentially usable also for mass production thanks to the remarkable inter-batches reproducibility. As such, it holds promise for its use in SERS-based sensing platforms for sensitive detection of targets molecules.
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23
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Chung M, Skinner WH, Robert C, Campbell CJ, Rossi RM, Koutsos V, Radacsi N. Fabrication of a Wearable Flexible Sweat pH Sensor Based on SERS-Active Au/TPU Electrospun Nanofibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51504-51518. [PMID: 34672514 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Development of wearable sensing platforms is essential for the advancement of continuous health monitoring and point-of-care testing. Eccrine sweat pH is an analyte that can be noninvasively measured and used to diagnose and aid in monitoring a wide range of physiological conditions. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers a rapid, optical technique for fingerprinting of biomarkers present in sweat. In this paper, a mechanically flexible, nanofibrous, SERS-active substrate was fabricated by a combination of electrospinning of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and Au sputter coating. This substrate was then investigated for suitability toward wearable sweat pH sensing after functionalization with two commonly used pH-responsive molecules, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA), and 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPy). The developed SERS pH sensor was found to have good resolution (0.14 pH units for 4-MBA; 0.51 pH units for 4-MPy), with only 1 μL of sweat required for a measurement, and displayed no statistically significant difference in performance after 35 days (p = 0.361). Additionally, the Au/TPU nanofibrous SERS pH sensors showed fast sweat-absorbing ability as well as good repeatability and reversibility. The proposed methodology offers a facile route for the fabrication of SERS substrates which could also be used to measure a wide range of health biomarkers beyond sweat pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Chung
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - William H Skinner
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Robert
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom
| | - Colin J Campbell
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - René M Rossi
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Vasileios Koutsos
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom
| | - Norbert Radacsi
- School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Robert Stevenson Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom
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Lin T, Song YL, Kuang P, Chen S, Mao Z, Zeng TT. Nanostructure-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering for diagnosis of cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2389-2406. [PMID: 34530631 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a malignant disease that seriously affects human health and life. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can significantly improve the survival rate of cancer patients. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an optical technology that can detect and image samples at the single-molecule level. It has the advantages of rapidity, high specificity, high sensitivity and no damage to the sample. The performance of SERS is highly dependent on the properties, size and morphology of the SERS substrate. Preparation of SERS substrates with good reproducibility and chemical stability is a key factor in realizing the wide application of SERS technology in cancer diagnosis. In this review we provide a detailed presentation of the latest research on SERS in cancer diagnosis and the detection of cancer biomarkers, mainly focusing on nanotechnological approaches in cancer diagnosis by using SERS. We also consider the future development of nanostructure-based SERS in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lin
- Department of Hematology, Research Laboratory of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ya-Li Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pu Kuang
- Department of Hematology, Research Laboratory of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhigang Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Zhang Y, Gallego I, Plou J, Pedraz JL, Liz-Marzán LM, Ciriza J, García I. SERS monitoring of local pH in encapsulated therapeutic cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14354-14362. [PMID: 34477718 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03969e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microencapsulation of therapeutic cells has widely advanced toward the development of treatments for various diseases, in particular seeking the protection of cell transplants from immune rejection. However, several challenges in cell therapy remain due to the lack of suitable methods to monitor in vivo microcapsule tracking, microcapsule stability and/or altered cell viability and proliferation upon transplantation. We propose in this work the incorporation of contrast agents in microcapsules, which can be easily visualized by SERS imaging. By placing SERS probes in the alginate extracellular layer, a high contrast can be obtained with negligible toxicity. Specifically, we used a pH-sensitive SERS tracking probe consisting of gold nanostars encoded with a pH-sensitive Raman-active molecule, and protected by a layer of biocompatible polymer coating, grafted on the nanoparticles via electrostatic interactions. This nanomaterial is highly sensitive within the biologically relevant pH range, 5.5-7.8. We demonstrate that this SERS-based pH sensor can provide information about cell death of microencapsulated cells, in a non-invasive manner. As a result, we expect that this approach should provide a general strategy to study biological interactions at the microcapsule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
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Capocefalo A, Deckert-Gaudig T, Brasili F, Postorino P, Deckert V. Unveiling the interaction of protein fibrils with gold nanoparticles by plasmon enhanced nano-spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14469-14479. [PMID: 34473176 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03190b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of various degenerative diseases is suggested to be triggered by the uncontrolled organisation and aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils. For this reason, there are ongoing efforts to develop novel agents and approaches, including metal nanoparticle-based colloids, that dissolve amyloid structures and prevent pathogenic protein aggregation. In this contribution, the role of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in degrading amyloid fibrils of the model protein lysozyme is investigated. The amino acid composition of fibril surfaces before and after the incubation with AuNPs is determined at the single fibril level by exploiting the high spatial resolution and sensitivity provided by tip-enhanced and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopies. This combined spectroscopic approach allows to reveal the molecular mechanisms driving the interaction between fibrils and AuNPs. Our results provide an important input for the understanding of amyloid fibrils and could have a potential translational impact on the development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of amyloid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Capocefalo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
- CNR-ISC, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, c/o Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Tanja Deckert-Gaudig
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Francesco Brasili
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Postorino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA
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Kotturi D, Paterson S, McShane M. Comparison of SERS pH probe responses after microencapsulation within hydrogel matrices. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210153R. [PMID: 34519190 PMCID: PMC8435981 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.097001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Personalized medicine requires the tracking of an individual's metabolite levels over time to detect anomalies and evaluate the body's response to medications. Implanted sensors offer effective means to continuously monitor specific metabolite levels, provided they are accurate, stable over long time periods, and do no harm. AIM Four types of hydrogel embedded with pH-sensitive sensors were evaluated for their accuracy, sensitivity, reversibility, longevity, dynamic response, and consistency in static versus dynamic conditions and long-term storage. APPROACH Raman spectroscopy was first used to calibrate the intensity of pH-sensitive peaks of the Raman-active hydrogel sensors in a static pH environment. The dynamic response was then assessed for hydrogels exposed to changing pH conditions within a flow cell. Finally, the static pH response after 5 months of storage was determined. RESULTS All four types of hydrogels allowed the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensors to respond to the pH level of the local environment without introducing interfering signals, resulting in consistent calibration curves. When the pH level changed, the probes in the gels were slow to reach steady-state, requiring several hours, and response times were found to vary among hydrogels. Only one type, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA), lasted five months without significant degradation of dynamic range. CONCLUSIONS While all hydrogels appear to be viable candidates as biocompatible hosts for the SERS sensing chemistry, pHEMA was found to be most functionally stable over the long interval tested. Poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels exhibit the most rapid response to changing pH. Since these two gel types are covalently cross-linked and do not generally degrade, they both offer advantages over sodium alginate for use as implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayle Kotturi
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Sureyya Paterson
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Mike McShane
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
- Texas A&M University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
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Zhang L, Zhao Q, Jiang Z, Shen J, Wu W, Liu X, Fan Q, Huang W. Recent Progress of SERS Nanoprobe for pH Detecting and Its Application in Biological Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:282. [PMID: 34436084 PMCID: PMC8392648 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As pH value almost affects the function of cells and organisms in all aspects, in biology, biochemical and many other research fields, it is necessary to apply simple, intuitive, sensitive, stable detection of pH and base characteristics inside and outside the cell. Therefore, many research groups have explored the design and application of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this review article, we discussed the basic theoretical background of explaining the working mechanism of pH SERS sensors, and also briefly described the significance of cell pH measurement, and simply classified and summarized the factors that affected the performance of pH SERS probes. Some applications of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering in intracellular and extracellular pH imaging and the combination of other analytical detection techniques are described. Finally, the development prospect of this field is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xingfen Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Quli Fan
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
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29
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Ripanti F, Fasolato C, Mazzarda F, Palleschi S, Ceccarini M, Li C, Bignami M, Bodo E, Bell SEJ, Mazzei F, Postorino P. Advanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Oxidative Damage in Nucleic Acid Bases: Probing Chemical Changes and Intermolecular Interactions in Guanosine at Ultralow Concentration. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10825-10833. [PMID: 34324303 PMCID: PMC8382216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA/RNA synthesis precursors are especially vulnerable to damage induced by reactive oxygen species occurring following oxidative stress. Guanosine triphosphates are the prevalent oxidized nucleotides, which can be misincorporated during replication, leading to mutations and cell death. Here, we present a novel method based on micro-Raman spectroscopy, combined with ab initio calculations, for the identification, detection, and quantification of oxidized nucleotides at low concentration. We also show that the Raman signature in the terahertz spectral range (<100 cm-1) contains information on the intermolecular assembly of guanine in tetrads, which allows us to further boost the oxidative damage detection limit. Eventually, we provide evidence that similar analyses can be carried out on samples in very small volumes at very low concentrations by exploiting the high sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering combined with properly designed superhydrophobic substrates. These results pave the way for employing such advanced spectroscopic methods for quantitatively sensing the oxidative damage of nucleotides in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ripanti
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Fasolato
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Alessandro Pascoli, Perugia, Italy
| | - Flavia Mazzarda
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Palleschi
- Department of Environment & Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Ceccarini
- National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Chunchun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Margherita Bignami
- Department of Environment & Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro, 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Steven E J Bell
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Filomena Mazzei
- Department of Environment & Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Postorino
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
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30
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Chen H, Luo C, Zhang S. Intracellular imaging and concurrent pH sensing of cancer-derived exosomes using surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4091-4101. [PMID: 34014359 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes have attracted significant attention as cancer diagnostic targets and therapeutic agents due to their unique biogenesis and structure. To clarify the biological activities of exosomes, it is important to obtain a picture of their intracellular distribution and how they evolve over time. In this work, a new kind of intracellular exosome imaging and concurrent pH sensing method is demonstrated by using the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. Specifically, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4MBA)-tagged silver nanoparticles are attached onto the outer surfaces of exosomes, in which silver nanoparticles are employed as SERS generators. Raman agents 4MBA are susceptible to a specific intracellular stimulus, that is, undergo a protonation or deprotonation in response to intracellular pH variation, which correspondingly exhibit different vibrational spectra features. By using the SERS spectroscopy, tracking of the intracellular distribution of exosomes and the concurrent quantitative sensing of environmental pH were achieved, which demonstrated that, as time prolonged, exosomes first attached with the tumor cell surfaces, and then entered into the cells and accumulated in lysosomes. Such SERS-active hybridized exosomes, that are sensitive to discrete variations in intracellular pH, have proved their capability for the investigation of interactions between exosomes and cells. The spectral diversity and flexible surface modification of these hybridized exosomes are also highly expected in developing multifunctional exosome-based nanoplatforms, which offers great potential to promote the exosome-based therapeutics forward into an advanced stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Contemporary Optics System, School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Caixia Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Contemporary Optics System, School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Shangtao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Contemporary Optics System, School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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31
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Jaworska A, Malek K, Kudelski A. Intracellular pH - Advantages and pitfalls of surface-enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence microscopy - A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119410. [PMID: 33465573 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The value of pH in various parts of protoplasm can affect nearly all aspects of cell functions. Therefore, the determination of intracellular acid-base features is required in many areas of biological and biochemical studies. Because of a significant scientific importance of in vivo intracellular pH measurements, various groups carried out such experiments. In this review article we describe intracellular pH measurements using two the most sensitive optical spectroscopies: surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence. It is reasonable to present these two techniques in one review article because the experimental approach in Raman and fluorescence experiments is relatively similar. The basic theoretical background explaining the mechanism of operation of fluorescence and SERS sensors are discussed and the motivations to carry out intracellular pH measurements are briefly described. Future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jaworska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kudelski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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32
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Caprara D, Ripanti F, Capocefalo A, Ceccarini M, Petrillo C, Postorino P. Exploiting SERS sensitivity to monitor DNA aggregation properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:88-93. [PMID: 33358955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, DNA has been considered far more than the system carrying the essential genetic instructions. Indeed, because of the remarkable properties of the base-pairing specificity and thermoreversibility of the interactions, DNA plays a central role in the design of innovative architectures at the nanoscale. Here, combining complementary DNA strands with a custom-made solution of silver nanoparticles, we realize plasmonic aggregates to exploit the sensitivity of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for the identification/detection of the distinctive features of DNA hybridization, both in solution and on dried samples. Moreover, SERS allows monitoring the DNA aggregation process by following the temperature variation of a specific spectroscopic marker associated with the Watson-Crick hydrogen bond formation. This temperature-dependent behavior enables us to precisely reconstruct the melting profile of the selected DNA sequences by spectroscopic measurements only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Caprara
- Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angela Capocefalo
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi-CNR c/o Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Ceccarini
- National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Petrillo
- Physics and Geology Department, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Postorino
- Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Golubewa L, Karpicz R, Matulaitiene I, Selskis A, Rutkauskas D, Pushkarchuk A, Khlopina T, Michels D, Lyakhov D, Kulahava T, Shah A, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Organic Molecules and Living Cells with Gold-Plated Black Silicon. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50971-50984. [PMID: 33107725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Black silicon (bSi) refers to an etched silicon surface comprising arrays of microcones that effectively suppress reflection from UV to near-infrared (NIR) while simultaneously enhancing the scattering and absorption of light. This makes bSi covered with a nm-thin layer of plasmonic metal, i.e., gold, an attractive substrate material for sensing of bio-macromolecules and living cells using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The performed Raman measurements accompanied with finite element numerical simulation and density functional theory analysis revealed that at the 785 nm excitation wavelength, the SERS enhancement factor of the bSi/Au substrate is as high as 108 due to a combination of electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms. This finding makes the SERS-active bSi/Au substrate suitable for detecting trace amounts of organic molecules. We demonstrate the outstanding performance of this substrate by highly sensitive and specific detection of a small organic molecule of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and living C6 rat glioma cell nucleic acids/proteins/lipids. Specifically, the bSi/Au SERS-active substrate offers a unique opportunity to investigate the living cells' malignant transformation using characteristic protein disulfide Raman bands as a marker. Our findings evidence that bSi/Au provides a pathway to the highly sensitive and selective, scalable, and low-cost substrate for lab-on-a-chip SERS biosensors that can be integrated into silicon-based photonics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Golubewa
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| | - Renata Karpicz
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Ieva Matulaitiene
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Selskis
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Danielis Rutkauskas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Ave. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Aliaksandr Pushkarchuk
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk 220006, Belarus
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Surganova 13, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana Khlopina
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| | - Dominik Michels
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmitry Lyakhov
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| | - Ali Shah
- Department of Micro and Nanosciences, Aalto University, Espoo, P. O. Box 13500, FI-00076, Finland
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, Joensuu FI-80100, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Institute for Nuclear Problems, Belarusian State University, Bobruiskaya 11, Minsk 220006, Belarus
- Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, Joensuu FI-80100, Finland
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Scarpitti BT, Morrison AM, Buyanova M, Schultz ZD. Comparison of 4-Mercaptobenzoic Acid Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Based Methods for pH Determination in Cells. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 74:1423-1432. [PMID: 32731744 PMCID: PMC7747936 DOI: 10.1177/0003702820950768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of cellular pH are used to infer information such as stage of cell cycle, presence of cancer and other diseases, as well as delivery or effect of a therapeutic drug. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of nanoparticle-based pH probes have been used to interrogate intracellular pH, with the significant advantage of avoiding photobleaching compared to fluorescent indicators. 4-Mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) is a commonly used pH-sensitive reporter molecule. Intracellular pH sensing by SERS requires analysis of the observed MBA spectrum and spectral interference can affect the pH determination. Background from common cell containers, imaging too few particles, signal-to-noise ratios, and degradation of reporter molecules are among the factors that may alter appropriate SERS-based pH determination in cells. Here, we have compared common methods of spectral analysis to see how different factors alter the calculated pH in Raman maps of MBA functionalized Au nanostars in SW620 cancer cells. The methods included in our comparison use the relative intensity of the ν(COO-) stretch, chemometric analysis of the ν8a mode, and analyzing the frequency shift of the ν8a mode. These methods show different sensitivity to some of these sources of error in live cell experiments. pH determination based on Raman frequency shift appears to give a more reliable pH determination, though in high signal-to-noise environments, intensity ratios may provide better sensitivity to small changes in pH for cellular imaging.
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Brasili F, Capocefalo A, Palmieri D, Capitani F, Chiessi E, Paradossi G, Bordi F, Domenici F. Assembling patchy plasmonic nanoparticles with aggregation-dependent antibacterial activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:419-428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zhang Y, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Henriksen-Lacey M, Langer J, Liz-Marzán LM. Live-Cell Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Imaging of Intracellular pH: From Two Dimensions to Three Dimensions. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3194-3206. [PMID: 33092346 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Visualization of intracellular pH (i-pH) using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) plays an important role toward understanding of cellular processes including their interactions with nanoparticles. However, conventional two-dimensional SERS imaging often fails to take into consideration changes occurring in the whole-cell volume. We therefore aimed at obtaining a comprehensive i-pH profile of living cells by means of three-dimensional (3D) SERS imaging, thereby visualizing dynamic i-pH distribution changes in a single cell. We devised here a biocompatible and highly stable SERS pH probe, comprising plasmonic gold nanostars functionalized with a pH-sensitive Raman reporter tag-4-mercaptobenzoic acid-and protected by a cationic biocompatible polymer, poly-l-arginine hydrochloride (PA). The positively charged PA coating plays a double role in enhancing cell uptake and providing chemical and colloidal stability in cellular environments. The SERS-active pH probe allowed visualization of local changes in i-pH, such as acidification during nanoparticle (NP) endocytosis. We provide evidence of i-pH changes during NP endocytosis via high-resolution 3D SERS imaging, thereby opening new avenues toward the application of SERS to intracellular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Zhang
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University, 210096 Nanjing, China
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (Ciber-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Malou Henriksen-Lacey
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (Ciber-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Judith Langer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (Ciber-BBN), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Zhao X, Campbell S, Wallace GQ, Claing A, Bazuin CG, Masson JF. Branched Au Nanoparticles on Nanofibers for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing of Intracellular pH and Extracellular pH Gradients. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2155-2167. [PMID: 32515184 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of plasmonic-active nanosensors for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing is important for gaining knowledge on intracellular and extracellular chemical processes, hypoxia detection, and label-free detection of neurotransmitters and metabolites, among other applications in cell biology. The fabrication of SERS nanosensors for optophysiology measurements using substrates such as nanofibers with a uniform distribution of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) remains a critical hurdle. We report here on a strategy using block copolymer brush-layer templating and ligand exchange for fabricating highly reproducible and stable SERS-active nanofibers with tip diameters down to 60 nm and covered with well-dispersed and uniformly distributed branched AuNPs, which have intrinsic hotspots favoring inherently high plasmonic sensitivity. Among the SERS sensors investigated, those with Au nanostars with short branches [AuNS(S)s] exhibit the greatest SERS sensitivity, as verified also by COMSOL Multiphysics simulations. Functionalization of the AuNS(S)s with the pH-sensitive molecule, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid, led to SERS nanosensors capable of quantifying pH over a linear range of 6.5-9.5, covering the physiological range. These pH nanosensors were shown to be able to detect the intracellular pH as well as extracellular pH gradients of in vitro breast cancer cells with minimal invasiveness and improved SERS sensitivity, along with a high spatial resolution capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Zhao
- Département de Chimie, Centre Québécois des Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) and Regroupement Québécois des Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Shirley Campbell
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gregory Q. Wallace
- Département de Chimie, Centre Québécois des Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) and Regroupement Québécois des Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Audrey Claing
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - C. Geraldine Bazuin
- Département de Chimie, Centre Québécois des Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) and Regroupement Québécois des Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Masson
- Département de Chimie, Centre Québécois des Matériaux Fonctionnels (CQMF) and Regroupement Québécois des Matériaux de Pointe (RQMP), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Lackey HE, Nelson GL, Lines AM, Bryan SA. Reimagining pH Measurement: Utilizing Raman Spectroscopy for Enhanced Accuracy in Phosphoric Acid Systems. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5882-5889. [PMID: 32223185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of pH is an integral component of chemical studies and process control; however, traditional pH probes are difficult to utilize in harsh or complex chemical systems. Optical spectroscopy-based online monitoring offers a powerful and novel route for characterizing system parameters, such as pH, and is well adapted to deployment in harsh environments or chemically complex systems. Specifically, Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometric analysis can provide an improved method of online p[H+] measurement. Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) analysis of Raman spectra can be utilized to determine speciation as a function of p[H+], and the MCR scores assigned to each species can be used to calculate p[H+]. Subsequent chemometric modeling can be used to correlate spectral response to p[H+]. This was demonstrated with phosphoric acid, a chemical system known to challenge traditional pH probes. Raman spectra exhibit clear changes with pH due to changing speciation, and chemometric modeling can be successfully utilized to correlate those fingerprints to p[H+]. With the use of this approach, p[H+] of the phosphoric acid system can be accurately measured without foreknowledge of system conditions such as ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope E Lackey
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Gilbert L Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, College of Idaho, 2112 Cleveland Boulevard, Caldwell, Idaho 83605, United States
| | - Amanda M Lines
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Samuel A Bryan
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Zhang W, Jiang L, Diefenbach RJ, Campbell DH, Walsh BJ, Packer NH, Wang Y. Enabling Sensitive Phenotypic Profiling of Cancer-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Nanotags. ACS Sens 2020; 5:764-771. [PMID: 32134252 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circulating cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membranous vesicles shed from cancer cells that are released into surrounding body fluids. Small EVs contain biomolecules associated with cancer such as DNA and proteins for cell-to-cell communication. Therefore, small EVs have been regarded as important cancer biomarkers for liquid biopsy-based cancer diagnosis and drug treatment monitoring. However, because of the high heterogeneity and low level of small EVs in body fluids, there is a high demand for sensitive detection and characterization of such vesicles at a molecular level. In this study, we have developed a sensitive and effective approach to simultaneously profile multiple protein biomarkers expressed on cancer-derived small EVs using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanotags in a single test, without complex isolation steps. Rapid and multiplexed phenotypic profiling of small EVs is achieved by mixing specific detection antibody-coated SERS nanotags, filtered conditioned EV-suspended medium (conditioned EVs), and capture antibody (CD63)-conjugated magnetic beads to form a sandwich immunoassay. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we applied this approach to characterize pancreatic cancer-derived EVs by simultaneously detecting three specific EV surface receptors including Glypican-1, epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAMs), and CD44 variant isoform 6 (CD44V6). The sensitivity of this method was measured down to 2.3 × 106 particles/mL, which is more sensitive and shows higher multiplexing capability than most other reported EV profiling techniques, such as western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, phenotypic profiling of small EVs from colorectal cancer and bladder cancer cell lines (SW480 and C3) was conducted and compared to those derived from pancreatic cancer (Panc-1), highlighting the significant difference in EV phenotypes for various cancer cell types suspended in both phosphate-buffered saline and plasma. Thus, we believe that this technology enables a comprehensive evaluation of small secreted EV heterogeneity with high sensitivity, offering strong potential for accurate noninvasive cancer diagnosis and monitoring of drug treatment. In addition, this assay provides point-of-care use because of the easy sample preparation and portable nature of the Raman spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- ARC Excellence Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Lianmei Jiang
- ARC Excellence Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Russell J. Diefenbach
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | | | - Bradley J. Walsh
- Minomic International Ltd, Macquarie Park, New South Wales 2113, Australia
| | - Nicolle H. Packer
- ARC Excellence Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Yuling Wang
- ARC Excellence Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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40
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Dyes from the Ashes: Discovering and Characterizing Natural Dyes from Mineralized Textiles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061417. [PMID: 32244963 PMCID: PMC7144399 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesuvius eruption that destroyed Pompeii in AD 79 represents one of the most important events in history. The cataclysm left behind an abundance of archeological evidence representing a fundamental source of the knowledge we have about ancient Roman material culture and technology. A great number of textiles have been preserved, rarely maintaining traces of their original color, since they are mainly in the mineralized and carbonized state. However, one outstanding textile sample displays a brilliant purple color and traces of gold strips. Since the purple was one of the most exclusive dyes in antiquity, its presence in an important commercial site like Pompeii induces us to deepen the knowledge of such artifacts and provide further information on their history. For this reason, the characterization of the purple color was the main scope of this research, and to deepen the knowledge of such artifacts, the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) in solution approach was applied. Then, these data were enriched by HPLC-HRMS analyses, which confirmed SERS-based hypotheses and also allowed to hypothesize the species of the origin mollusk. In this context, a step-by-step integrated approach resulted fundamental to maximize the information content and to provide new data on textile manufacturing and trade in antiquity.
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41
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Caprara D, Ripanti F, Capocefalo A, Sarra A, Brasili F, Petrillo C, Fasolato C, Postorino P. DNA-functionalized gold nanoparticle assemblies for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ma Y, Sikdar D, Fedosyuk A, Velleman L, Klemme DJ, Oh SH, Kucernak ARJ, Kornyshev AA, Edel JB. Electrotunable Nanoplasmonics for Amplified Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2020; 14:328-336. [PMID: 31808672 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the properties of optical metamaterials in real time is one of the grand challenges of photonics. Being able to do so will enable a class of adaptive photonic materials for use in applications such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and reflectors/absorbers. One strategy to achieving this goal is based on the electrovariable self-assembly and disassembly of two-dimensional nanoparticle arrays at a metal | liquid interface. As expected, the structure results in plasmonic coupling between NPs in the array but perhaps as importantly between the array and the metal surface. In such a system, the density of the nanoparticle array can be reversibly controlled by the variation of electrode potential. Theory suggests that due to a collective plasmon-coupling effect less than 1 V variation of electrode potential can give rise to a dramatic simultaneous change in optical reflectivity from ∼93% to ∼1% and the amplification of the SERS signal by up to 5 orders of magnitude. This is experimentally demonstrated using a platform based on the voltage-controlled assembly of 40 nm Au-nanoparticle arrays at a TiN/Ag electrode in contact with an aqueous electrolyte. We show that all the physics underpinning the behavior of this platform works precisely as suggested by the proposed theory, setting the electrochemical nanoplasmonics as a promising direction in photonics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ma
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao , 266100 , China
| | - Debabrata Sikdar
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati 781039 , India
| | - Aleksandra Fedosyuk
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Leonora Velleman
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Daniel J Klemme
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Anthony R J Kucernak
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
| | - Alexei A Kornyshev
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
- Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus , London W12 0BZ , U.K
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Guo H, Huang Q, Leng W, Zhan Y, Behkam B, Willner MR, Wei H, Marr LC, Vikesland PJ. Bromide ion-functionalized nanoprobes for sensitive and reliable pH measurement by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2019; 144:7326-7335. [PMID: 31663525 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
4-Mercaptopyridine (4-Mpy) is a pH reporter molecule commonly used to functionalize nanoprobes for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based pH measurements. However, nanoprobes functionalized by 4-Mpy alone have low pH sensitivity and are subject to interference by halide ions in sample media. To improve nanoprobe pH sensitivity and reliability, we functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with both 4-Mpy and bromide ion (Br-). Br- electrostatically stabilizes protonated 4-Mpy, thus enabling sensitive SERS detection of the protonation state of 4-Mpy as a function of pH while also reducing variability caused by external halide ions. Through optimization of the functionalization parameters, including suspension pH, [4-Mpy], and [Br-], the developed nanoprobes enable monitoring of pH from 2.1 to 10 with high SERS activity and minimal interference from halide ions within the sample matrix. As a proof of concept, we were able to track nanoprobe location and image the pH distribution inside individual cancer cells. This study provides a novel way to engineer reliable 4-Mpy-functionalized SERS nanoprobes for the sensitive analysis of spatially localized pH features in halide ion-containing microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Qishen Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Weinan Leng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ying Zhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Bahareh Behkam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Marjorie R Willner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Haoran Wei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Linsey C Marr
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. and Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) Sustainable Nanotechnology Center (VTSuN), Blacksburg, Virginia, USA and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Biswas S, Chakraborty J, Agarwal A, Kumbhakar P. Gold nanostructures for the sensing of pH using a smartphone. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34144-34151. [PMID: 35529967 PMCID: PMC9073677 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, metal nanostructures have been found to be capable of recognizing small changes in their surrounding environment, which can be utilized as significant sensing tools. In this study, we demonstrated colorimetric sensing of pH by gold nanostructures (GNs) using a simple smartphone. An indigenously developed Android app based on the CIELab 1931 analysis, which could run in a smartphone, was used for the precise determination of the pH value of liquid media. The pH value of an unknown solution obtained from the developed Android app was also compared with that obtained from the conventional ratiometric technique and a commercial pH meter. In another endeavor, it was found that the synthesized GNs demonstrated a high energy transfer efficiency from a donor (namely, the rhodamine 6G, (Rh 6G)) dye. This property of the GNs can be utilized further in the future for studying different bimolecular activities within the human body. It was found that the photoluminescence (PL) of Rh 6G was quenched when it was kept in the vicinity of the synthesized GNs, which was explained in terms of the Förster energy transfer mechanism. Thus, the present study will open up a plethora of opportunities for researchers to employ the nanostructures of gold and other metals in developing low-cost and Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensing devices using only a smart phone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Biswas
- Nanoscience Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209 West Bengal India
| | - Jayjeet Chakraborty
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE), National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209 West Bengal India
| | - Avinash Agarwal
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE), National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209 West Bengal India
| | - Pathik Kumbhakar
- Nanoscience Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur 713209 West Bengal India
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