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Abuljadayel D, Alotibi A, Algothmi K, Basingab F, Alhazmi S, Almuhammadi A, Alharthi A, Alyoubi R, Bahieldin A. Gut microbiota of children with autism spectrum disorder and healthy siblings: A comparative study. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:430. [PMID: 39328398 PMCID: PMC11425773 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental abnormality that impairs social communication. The human gut microbiome (GM) influences a variety of local processes, including dysbiosis and the defense against pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to categorize and identify molecular biomarkers for ASD. In the present study, metagenomics whole genome shotgun sequencing was used to identify the gut microbiota in autistic individuals. Fecal samples from four children with ASD and four healthy control siblings, aged 3-10 years old, were examined using bioinformatics analysis. A total of 673,091 genes were cataloged, encompassing 25 phyla and 2 kingdoms based on the taxonomy analysis. The results revealed 257 families, 34 classes, 84 orders, and 1,314 genera among 4,339 species. The top 10 most abundant genes and corresponding functional genes for each group were determined after the abundance profile was screened. The results showed that children with ASD had a higher abundance of certain gut microbiomes than their normal siblings and vice versa. The phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant in ASD. The Thermoanaerobacteria class was also restricted to younger healthy individuals. Moreover, the Lactobacillaceae family was more abundant in children with ASD. Additionally, it was discovered that children with ASD had a higher abundance of the Bacteroides genus and a lower abundance of the Bifidobacterium and Prevotella genera. In conclusion, there were more pathogenic genera and species and higher levels of biomass, diversity and richness in the GM of children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Abuljadayel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asalah Alotibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khloud Algothmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah Basingab
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safiah Alhazmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Neuroscience and Geroscience Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Central Lab of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Almuhammadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Alharthi
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaaha University, Zulfi 11932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alyoubi
- College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bahieldin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Ahmadi S, Hasani A, Khabbaz A, Poortahmasbe V, Hosseini S, Yasdchi M, Mehdizadehfar E, Mousavi Z, Hasani R, Nabizadeh E, Nezhadi J. Dysbiosis and fecal microbiota transplant: Contemplating progress in health, neurodegeneration and longevity. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10136-4. [PMID: 39317918 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis plays an important role in mental health. The intestinal epithelial surface is colonized by billions of commensal and transitory bacteria, known as the Gut Microbiota (GM). However, potential pathogens continuously stimulate intestinal immunity when they find the place. The last two decades have witnessed several studies revealing intestinal bacteria as a key factor in the health-disease balance of the gut, as well as disease-emergent in other parts of the body. Various neurological processes, such as cognition, learning, and memory, could be affected by dysbiosis in GM. Additionally, the aging process and longevity are related to systemic inflammation caused by dysbiosis. Commensal GM affects brain development, behavior, and healthy aging suggesting that building changes in GM might be a potential therapeutic method. The innovation in GM dysbiosis is intervention by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), which has been confirmed as a therapy for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections and is promising for other clinical disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease, and depression. Additionally, FMT may be possible to promote healthy aging, and extend longevity. This review aims to connect dysbiosis, neurological disorders, and aging and the potential of FMT as a therapeutic strategy to treat these disorders, and to enhance the quality of life in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Ahmadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alka Hasani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Aytak Khabbaz
- Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahdat Poortahmasbe
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yasdchi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Mehdizadehfar
- Neurosciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roqaiyeh Hasani
- School of Medicine, Istanbul Okan University, Tuzla, 34959, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Edris Nabizadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Nezhadi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Davias A, Lyon-Caen S, Rolland M, Iszatt N, Thomsen C, Haug LS, Sakhi AK, Monot C, Rayah Y, Ilhan ZE, Jovanovic N, Philippat C, Eggesbo M, Lepage P, Slama R. Perinatal Exposure to Phenols and Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Gut Microbiota in One-Year-Old Children. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:15395-15414. [PMID: 39173114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiota in human health calls for a better understanding of its determinants. In particular, the possible effects of chemicals with widespread exposure other than pharmaceuticals are little known. Our aim was to characterize the sensitivity of the early-life gut microbiota to specific chemicals with possible antimicrobial action. Within the SEPAGES French couple-child cohort, we assessed 12 phenols in repeated urine samples from 356 pregnant women and their offspring and 19 poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in serum from the pregnant women. We collected stool samples from the children at one year of age, in which the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced, allowing for gut bacterial profiling. Associations of each chemical with α- and β-diversity indices of the gut microbiota and with the relative abundance of the most abundant taxa were assessed using single-pollutant and mixture (BKMR) models. Perinatal exposure to certain parabens was associated with gut microbiota α- and β-diversity and with Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Suggestive associations of certain phenols with genera of the Lachnospiraceae and Enterobacteriaceae families were observed, but these were not maintained after correction for multiple testing. Parabens, which have known antimicrobial properties, might disrupt the child gut microbiota, but larger studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Davias
- Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche 38700, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche 38700, France
| | - Matthieu Rolland
- Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche 38700, France
| | - Nina Iszatt
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Line Småstuen Haug
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Amrit Kaur Sakhi
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Celine Monot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | - Yamina Rayah
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | - Zehra Esra Ilhan
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | - Nicolas Jovanovic
- Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche 38700, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche 38700, France
| | - Merete Eggesbo
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Patricia Lepage
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas 78350, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health Team, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche 38700, France
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Kurokawa S, Nomura K, Sanada K, Miyaho K, Ishii C, Fukuda S, Iwamoto C, Naraoka M, Yoneda S, Imafuku M, Matsuzaki J, Saito Y, Mimura M, Kishimoto T. A comparative study on dietary diversity and gut microbial diversity in children with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, their neurotypical siblings, and non-related neurotypical volunteers: a cross-sectional study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:1184-1195. [PMID: 38562118 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown a significant link between gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, much remains unknown because of the heterogeneity of disorders and the potential confounders such as dietary patterns and control group variations. METHODS Children aged 6-12 years who had been clinically diagnosed with ASD and/or ADHD, their unaffected neurotypical siblings, and non-related neurotypical volunteers were recruited cross-sectionally. The ASD diagnosis was confirmed using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2) in all patients, including those with ADHD. Standardized DNA extraction and sequencing methods were used to compare gut microbial alpha-diversity among the groups. Dietary diversity was calculated from a standardized dietary questionnaire form. We compared the difference in gut microbiome between patients with ASD and/or ADHD with neurotypical siblings and non-related neurotypical controls. RESULTS Ninety-eight subjects were included in the study (18 with ASD, 19 with ADHD, 20 with both ASD and ADHD, 13 neurotypical siblings, and 28 non-related neurotypical controls). The alpha-diversity indices, such as Chao 1 and Shannon index, showed a significant difference between the groups in a Linear mixed-effect model (F(4, 93) = 4.539, p = .02), (F(4, 93) = 3.185, p = .017), respectively. In a post-hoc pairwise comparison, patients with ASD had lower alpha-diversity compared with non-related controls after Bonferroni correction. Dietary diversity shown in Shannon index did not differ among the groups (F(4, 84) = 1.494, p = .211). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates disorder-specific microbiome differences in patients with ASD. In future research on gut microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders, it is necessary to consider the impact of ASD and ADHD co-occurrence, and strictly control for background information such as diet, to elucidate the gut-microbiota interaction in ASD and ADHD for exploring the potential of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Kurokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Nomura
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Shimada Ryoiku Medical Center for Challenged Children, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sanada
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuma Miyaho
- Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiharu Ishii
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chiaki Iwamoto
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minori Naraoka
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yoneda
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taishiro Kishimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang C, Xiao H, Zhu H, Du Y, Wang L. Revealing the gut microbiome mystery: A meta-analysis revealing differences between individuals with autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical children. Biosci Trends 2024; 18:233-249. [PMID: 38897955 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2024.01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The brain-gut axis intricately links gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis to the development or worsening of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the precise GM composition in ASD and the effectiveness of probiotics are unclear. To address this, we performed a thorough meta-analysis of 28 studies spanning PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE, involving 1,256 children with ASD and 1042 neurotypical children, up to February 2024. Using Revman 5.3, we analyzed the relative abundance of 8 phyla and 64 genera. While individuals with ASD did not exhibit significant differences in included phyla, they exhibited elevated levels of Parabacteroides, Anaerostipes, Faecalibacterium, Clostridium, Dorea, Phascolarctobacterium, Lachnoclostridium, Catenibacterium, and Collinsella along with reduced percentages of Barnesiella, Odoribacter, Paraprevotella, Blautia, Turicibacter, Lachnospira, Pseudomonas, Parasutterella, Haemophilus, and Bifidobacterium. Notably, discrepancies in Faecalibacterium, Clostridium, Dorea, Phascolarctobacterium, Catenibacterium, Odoribacter, and Bifidobacterium persisted even upon systematic exclusion of individual studies. Consequently, the GM of individuals with ASD demonstrates an imbalance, with potential increases or decreases in both beneficial and harmful bacteria. Therefore, personalized probiotic interventions tailored to ASD specifics are imperative, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Yang
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Xiao
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijie Du
- Qingpu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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6
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Borrego-Ruiz A, Borrego JJ. Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated with Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:796. [PMID: 39062245 PMCID: PMC11275248 DOI: 10.3390/children11070796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The formation of the human gut microbiome initiates in utero, and its maturation is established during the first 2-3 years of life. Numerous factors alter the composition of the gut microbiome and its functions, including mode of delivery, early onset of breastfeeding, exposure to antibiotics and chemicals, and maternal stress, among others. The gut microbiome-brain axis refers to the interconnection of biological networks that allow bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain, involving the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome and its metabolic byproducts are actively implicated in the regulation of the early brain development. Any disturbance during this stage may adversely affect brain functions, resulting in a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). In the present study, we reviewed recent evidence regarding the impact of the gut microbiome on early brain development, alongside its correlation with significant NDDs, such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Tourette syndrome, cerebral palsy, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, and genetic NDDs (Rett, Down, Angelman, and Turner syndromes). Understanding changes in the gut microbiome in NDDs may provide new chances for their treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan J. Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA, Plataforma BIONAND, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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7
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De Sales-Millán A, Reyes-Ferreira P, Aguirre-Garrido JF, Corral-Guillé I, Barrientos-Ríos R, Velázquez-Aragón JA. Comprehensive Analysis of Gut Microbiota Composition and Functional Metabolism in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Children: Implications for Sex-Based Differences and Metabolic Dysregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6701. [PMID: 38928411 PMCID: PMC11203636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiota composition in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to neurotypical (NT) children, with a focus on identifying potential differences in gut bacteria between these groups. The microbiota was analyzed through the massive sequencing of region V3-V4 of the 16S RNA gene, utilizing DNA extracted from stool samples of participants. Our findings revealed no significant differences in the dominant bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota) between the ASD and NT groups. However, at the genus level, notable disparities were observed in the abundance of Blautia, Prevotella, Clostridium XI, and Clostridium XVIII, all of which have been previously associated with ASD. Furthermore, a sex-based analysis unveiled additional discrepancies in gut microbiota composition. Specifically, three genera (Megamonas, Oscilibacter, Acidaminococcus) exhibited variations between male and female groups in both ASD and NT cohorts. Particularly noteworthy was the exclusive presence of Megamonas in females with ASD. Analysis of predicted metabolic pathways suggested an enrichment of pathways related to amine and polyamine degradation, as well as amino acid degradation in the ASD group. Conversely, pathways implicated in carbohydrate biosynthesis, degradation, and fermentation were found to be underrepresented. Despite the limitations of our study, including a relatively small sample size (30 ASD and 31 NT children) and the utilization of predicted metabolic pathways derived from 16S RNA gene analysis rather than metagenome sequencing, our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence suggesting a potential association between gut microbiota composition and ASD. Future research endeavors should focus on validating these findings with larger sample sizes and exploring the functional significance of these microbial differences in ASD. Additionally, there is a critical need for further investigations to elucidate sex differences in gut microbiota composition and their potential implications for ASD pathology and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amapola De Sales-Millán
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico;
| | - Paulina Reyes-Ferreira
- Departamento de Salud Mental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
| | - José Félix Aguirre-Garrido
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico;
| | - Ismene Corral-Guillé
- Centro de Investigación del Neurodesarrollo, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
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Ahmadi S, Taghizadieh M, Mehdizadehfar E, Hasani A, Khalili Fard J, Feizi H, Hamishehkar H, Ansarin M, Yekani M, Memar MY. Gut microbiota in neurological diseases: Melatonin plays an important regulatory role. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116487. [PMID: 38518598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a highly conserved molecule produced in the human pineal gland as a hormone. It is known for its essential biological effects, such as antioxidant activity, circadian rhythm regulator, and immunomodulatory effects. The gut is one of the primary known sources of melatonin. The gut microbiota helps produce melatonin from tryptophan, and melatonin has been shown to have a beneficial effect on gut barrier function and microbial population. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota is associated with bacterial imbalance and decreased beneficial microbial metabolites, including melatonin. In this way, low melatonin levels may be related to several human diseases. Melatonin has shown both preventive and therapeutic effects against various conditions, including neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. This review was aimed to discuss the role of melatonin in the body, and to describe the possible relationship between gut microbiota and melatonin production, as well as the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin on neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Ahmadi
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Center for Women's Health Research Zahra, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Mehdizadehfar
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alka Hasani
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Khalili Fard
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Microbiology, Aalinasab Hospital, Social Security Organization, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hammed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masood Ansarin
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mina Yekani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Ahrens AP, Hyötyläinen T, Petrone JR, Igelström K, George CD, Garrett TJ, Orešič M, Triplett EW, Ludvigsson J. Infant microbes and metabolites point to childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell 2024; 187:1853-1873.e15. [PMID: 38574728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study has followed a birth cohort for over 20 years to find factors associated with neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) diagnosis. Detailed, early-life longitudinal questionnaires captured infection and antibiotic events, stress, prenatal factors, family history, and more. Biomarkers including cord serum metabolome and lipidome, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, infant microbiota, and stool metabolome were assessed. Among the 16,440 Swedish children followed across time, 1,197 developed an ND. Significant associations emerged for future ND diagnosis in general and for specific ND subtypes, spanning intellectual disability, speech disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. This investigation revealed microbiome connections to future diagnosis as well as early emerging mood and gastrointestinal problems. The findings suggest links to immunodysregulation and metabolism, compounded by stress, early-life infection, and antibiotics. The convergence of infant biomarkers and risk factors in this prospective, longitudinal study on a large-scale population establishes a foundation for early-life prediction and intervention in neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica P Ahrens
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 702 81, Sweden
| | - Joseph R Petrone
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Kajsa Igelström
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Neurobiology, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
| | - Christian D George
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 702 81, Sweden; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital and Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
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10
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Korteniemi J, Karlsson L, Aatsinki A. Systematic Review: Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Gut Microbiota. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2024; 22:242-251. [PMID: 38680985 PMCID: PMC11046714 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.24022008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Objective Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a varying group of disorders characterized by deficiency in social interaction and restrictive patterns of behavior and interests. While there are several studies focusing on the neuro-psychiatric pathogenesis of ASD, its etiology remains unclear. The role of gut-brain-axis in ASD has been studied increasingly and a correlation between symptoms and the composition of gut microbiota has been documented in various works. Despite this, the significance of individual microbes and their function is still widely unknown. This work aims to elucidate the current knowledge of the interrelations between ASD and the gut microbiota in children based on scientific evidence. Methods This is a systematic review done by a literature search focusing on the main findings concerning the gut microbiota composition, interventions targeting the gut microbiota, and possible mechanisms explaining the results in children aged between 2 and 18 years of age. Results Most studies in this review found significant differences between microbial communities, while there was notable variation in results regarding diversity indices or taxonomic level abundance. The most consistent results regarding taxa differences in ASD children's gut microbiota were higher levels of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Sutterella compared to controls. Conclusion These results show that the gut microbiota of children with ASD is altered compared to one of neurotypically developed children. More research is needed to discover whether some of these features could be used as potential biomarkers for ASD and how the gut microbiota could be targeted in therapeutical interventions.Appeared originally in Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023;148:242-254.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Korteniemi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Korteniemi, Karlsson, Aatsinki); Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Karlsson, Aatsinki); Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Karlsson)
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Korteniemi, Karlsson, Aatsinki); Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Karlsson, Aatsinki); Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Karlsson)
| | - Anna Aatsinki
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Korteniemi, Karlsson, Aatsinki); Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Karlsson, Aatsinki); Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland (Karlsson)
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11
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Watai K, Suda W, Kurokawa R, Sekiya K, Hayashi H, Iwata M, Nagayama K, Nakamura Y, Hamada Y, Kamide Y, Fukutomi Y, Nakabayashi T, Tanaka K, Kamita M, Taniguchi M, Hattori M. Metagenomic gut microbiome analysis of Japanese patients with multiple chemical sensitivity/idiopathic environmental intolerance. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:84. [PMID: 38468206 PMCID: PMC10926566 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the pathology of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is unknown, the central nervous system is reportedly involved. The gut microbiota is important in modifying central nervous system diseases. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MCS remains unclear. This study aimed to identify gut microbiota variations associated with MCS using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples. METHODS We prospectively recruited 30 consecutive Japanese female patients with MCS and analyzed their gut microbiomes using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The data were compared with metagenomic data obtained from 24 age- and sex-matched Japanese healthy controls (HC). RESULTS We observed no significant difference in alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota between the MCS patients and HC. Focusing on the important changes in the literatures, at the genus level, Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Akkermansia were significantly more abundant in MCS patients than in HC (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively, fold change = 4.03, 1.53, 2.86, respectively). At the species level, Akkermansia muciniphila was significantly more abundant (p = 0.02, fold change = 3.3) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii significantly less abundant in MCS patients than in HC (p = 0.03, fold change = 0.53). Functional analysis revealed that xylene and dioxin degradation pathways were significantly enriched (p < 0.01, p = 0.01, respectively, fold change = 1.54, 1.46, respectively), whereas pathways involved in amino acid metabolism and synthesis were significantly depleted in MCS (p < 0.01, fold change = 0.96). Pathways related to antimicrobial resistance, including the two-component system and cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance, were also significantly enriched in MCS (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, respectively, fold change = 1.1, 1.2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The gut microbiota of patients with MCS shows dysbiosis and alterations in bacterial functions related to exogenous chemicals and amino acid metabolism and synthesis. These findings may contribute to the further development of treatment for MCS. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000031031. The date of first trial registration: 28/01/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Watai
- Center for Immunology and Allergy, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, 1370-1 Okamoto, Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8533, Japan.
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Wataru Suda
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rina Kurokawa
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sekiya
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hayashi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maki Iwata
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kisako Nagayama
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuto Nakamura
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuto Hamada
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kamide
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuma Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Kosei Tanaka
- H.U. Group Research Institute G.K., Akiruno, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masami Taniguchi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory for Microbiome Sciences, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Wan Y, Zhang L, Xu Z, Su Q, Leung TF, Chan D, Wong OWH, Chan S, Chan FKL, Tun HM, Ng SC. Alterations in fecal virome and bacteriome virome interplay in children with autism spectrum disorder. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101409. [PMID: 38307030 PMCID: PMC10897546 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered gut bacteria. However, less is known about the gut viral community and its role in shaping microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders. Herein, we perform a metagenomic analysis of gut-DNA viruses in 60 children with ASD and 64 age- and gender-matched typically developing children to investigate the effect of the gut virome on host bacteria in children with ASD. ASD is associated with altered gut virome composition accompanied by the enrichment of Clostridium phage, Bacillus phage, and Enterobacteria phage. These ASD-enriched phages are largely associated with disrupted viral ecology in ASD. Importantly, changes in the interplay between the gut bacteriome and virome seen in ASD may influence the encoding capacity of microbial pathways for neuroactive metabolite biosynthesis. These findings suggest an impaired bacteriome-virome ecology in ASD, which sheds light on the importance of bacteriophages in pathogenesis and the development of microbial therapeutics in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhilu Xu
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Su
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ting-Fan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dorothy Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Oscar W H Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sandra Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M Tun
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; The D.H. Chen Foundation Hub of Advanced Technology for Child Health (HATCH), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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13
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Chang X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li S, Mei H, Xiao H, Ma X, Liu Z, Li R. Gut microbiome and serum amino acid metabolome alterations in autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4037. [PMID: 38369656 PMCID: PMC10874930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota and their metabolic products might play important roles in regulating the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to characterize gut microbiota and serum amino acid metabolome profiles in children with ASD. A non-randomized controlled study was carried out to analyze the alterations in the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in patients with ASD (n = 30) compared with neurotypical controls (NC) (n = 30) by metagenomic sequencing to define the gut microbiota community and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis to characterize the metabolite profiles. Compared with children in the NC group, those in the ASD group showed lower richness, higher evenness, and an altered microbial community structure. At the class level, Deinococci and Holophagae were significantly lower in children with ASD compared with TD. At the phylum level, Deinococcus-Thermus was significantly lower in children with ASD compared with TD. In addition, the functional properties (such as galactose metabolism) displayed significant differences between the ASD and NC groups. Five dominant altered species were identified and analyzed (LDA score > 2.0, P < 0.05), including Subdoligranulum, Faecalibacterium_praushitzii, Faecalibacterium, Veillonellaceae, and Rumminococcaceae. The peptides/nickel transport system was the main metabolic pathway involved in the differential species in the ASD group. Decreased ornithine levels and elevated valine levels may increase the risk of ASD through a metabolic pathway known as the nickel transport system. The microbial metabolism in diverse environments was negatively correlated with phascolarctobacterium succinatutens. Our study provides novel insights into compositional and functional alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolite profiles in ASD and the underlying mechanisms between metabolite and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Chang
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xue Chen
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Shihan Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Zhisheng Liu
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
| | - Ruizhen Li
- Department of Child Health Care, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430016, China.
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14
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Lin P, Zhang Q, Sun J, Li Q, Li D, Zhu M, Fu X, Zhao L, Wang M, Lou X, Chen Q, Liang K, Zhu Y, Qu C, Li Z, Ma P, Wang R, Liu H, Dong K, Guo X, Cheng X, Sun Y, Sun J. A comparison between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and healthy controls in biomedical factors, trace elements, and microbiota biomarkers: a meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1318637. [PMID: 38283894 PMCID: PMC10813399 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1318637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted developmental condition that commonly appears during early childhood. The etiology of ASD remains multifactorial and not yet fully understood. The identification of biomarkers may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology of the disorder. The present study aimed to explore the causes of ASD by investigating the key biomedical markers, trace elements, and microbiota factors between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and control subjects. Methods Medline, PubMed, ProQuest, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and EMBSCO databases have been searched for publications from 2012 to 2023 with no language restrictions using the population, intervention, control, and outcome (PICO) approach. Keywords including "autism spectrum disorder," "oxytocin," "GABA," "Serotonin," "CRP," "IL-6," "Fe," "Zn," "Cu," and "gut microbiota" were used for the search. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the article quality, and a random model was used to assess the mean difference and standardized difference between ASD and the control group in all biomedical markers, trace elements, and microbiota factors. Results From 76,217 records, 43 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analyses showed that children with ASD had significantly lower levels of oxytocin (mean differences, MD = -45.691, 95% confidence interval, CI: -61.667, -29.717), iron (MD = -3.203, 95% CI: -4.891, -1.514), and zinc (MD = -6.707, 95% CI: -12.691, -0.722), lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium (MD = -1.321, 95% CI: -2.403, -0.238) and Parabacteroides (MD = -0.081, 95% CI: -0.148, -0.013), higher levels of c-reactive protein, CRP (MD = 0.401, 95% CI: 0.036, 0.772), and GABA (MD = 0.115, 95% CI: 0.045, 0.186), and higher relative abundance of Bacteroides (MD = 1.386, 95% CI: 0.717, 2.055) and Clostridium (MD = 0.281, 95% CI: 0.035, 0.526) when compared with controls. The results of the overall analyses were stable after performing the sensitivity analyses. Additionally, no substantial publication bias was observed among the studies. Interpretation Children with ASD have significantly higher levels of CRP and GABA, lower levels of oxytocin, iron, and zinc, lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Parabacteroides, and higher relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, and Clostridium when compared with controls. These results suggest that these indicators may be a potential biomarker panel for the diagnosis or determining therapeutic targets of ASD. Furthermore, large, sample-based, and randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Calibra Diagnostics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Sun
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qingtian Li
- College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangyi Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiwei Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijun Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huafen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Calibra Diagnostics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Institute for Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- Institute for Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunjia Cheng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute for Integrated Intelligence and Systems, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
- Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
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15
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Gao M, Wang J, Liu P, Tu H, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Sun N, Zhang K. Gut microbiota composition in depressive disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:379. [PMID: 38065935 PMCID: PMC10709466 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies investigating gut microbiota composition in depressive disorder have yielded mixed results. The aim of our study was to compare gut microbiome between people with depressive disorder and healthy controls. We did a meta-analysis and meta-regression of studies by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Ovid, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and PsycINFO for articles published from database inception to March 07, 2022. Search strategies were then re-run on 12 March 2023 for an update. We undertook meta-analyses whenever values of alpha diversity and Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes (relative abundance) were available in two or more studies. A random-effects model with restricted maximum-likelihood estimator was used to synthesize the effect size (assessed by standardized mean difference [SMD]) across studies. We identified 44 studies representing 2091 patients and 2792 controls. Our study found that there were no significant differences in patients with depressive disorder on alpha diversity indices, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes compared with healthy controls. In subgroup analyses with regional variations(east/west) as a predictor, patients who were in the West had a lower Chao1 level (SMD -0.42[-0.74 to -0.10]). Subgroup meta-analysis showed Firmicutes level was decreased in patients with depressive disorder who were medication-free (SMD -1.54[-2.36 to -0.72]), but Bacteroidetes level was increased (SMD -0.90[0.07 to 1.72]). In the meta-regression analysis, six variables cannot explain the 100% heterogeneity of the studies assessing by Chao1, Shannon index, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Depleted levels of Butyricicoccus, Coprococcus, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Romboutsia, and enriched levels of Eggerthella, Enterococcus, Flavonifractor, Holdemania, Streptococcus were consistently shared in depressive disorder. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that psychotropic medication and dietary habit may influence microbiota. There is reliable evidence for differences in the phylogenetic relationship in depressive disorder compared with controls, however, method of measurement and method of patient classification (symptom vs diagnosis based) may affect findings. Depressive disorder is characterized by an increase of pro-inflammatory bacteria, while anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing genera are depleted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jizhi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Penghong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongwei Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiyu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
- Basic Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China.
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Kerang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China.
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 030001, Taiyuan, China.
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16
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Cheng Y, Tan G, Zhu Q, Wang C, Ruan G, Ying S, Qie J, Hu X, Xiao Z, Xu F, Chen L, Chen M, Pei Y, Zhang H, Tian Y, Chen D, Liu X, Huang H, Wei Y. Efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with Parkinson's disease: clinical trial results from a randomized, placebo-controlled design. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2284247. [PMID: 38057970 PMCID: PMC10841011 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2284247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been demonstrated to be related to gut dysbiosis, however, the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on microbiota engraftment in PD patients is uncertain. We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled trial at the Department of Neurology, Army Medical University Southwest Hospital in China (ChiCTR1900021405) from February 2019 to December 2019. Fifty-six participants with mild to moderate PD (Hoehn-Yahr stage 1-3) were randomly assigned to the FMT and placebo group, 27 patients in the FMT group and 27 in the placebo group completed the whole trial. During the follow-up, no severe adverse effect was observed, and patients with FMT treatment showed significant improvement in PD-related autonomic symptoms compared with the placebo group at the end of this trial (MDS-UPDRS total score, group×time effect, B = -6.56 [-12.98, -0.13], P < 0.05). Additionally, FMT improved gastrointestinal disorders and a marked increase in the complexity of the microecological system in patients. This study demonstrated that FMT through oral administration is clinically feasible and has the potential to improve the effectiveness of current medications in the clinical symptoms of PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guohua Tan
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qihui Zhu
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guangcong Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Senhong Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlong Qie
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Minjia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Pei
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyin Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Li H, Liu C, Huang S, Wang X, Cao M, Gu T, Ou X, Pan S, Lin Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Jing J. Multi-omics analyses demonstrate the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2281350. [PMID: 38010793 PMCID: PMC10730204 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2281350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work revealed that unbalanced dietary intake was an important independent factor associated with constipation and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Growing evidence has shown the alterations in the gut microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites in ASD. However, how the altered microbiota might affect the associations between unbalanced diets and GI symptoms in ASD remains unknown. We analyzed microbiome and metabolomics data in 90 ASD and 90 typically developing (TD) children based on 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolomics, together with dietary intake and GI symptoms assessment. We found that there existed 11 altered gut microbiota (FDR-corrected P-value <0.05) and 397 altered metabolites (P-value <0.05) in children with ASD compared with TD children. Among the 11 altered microbiota, the Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, and Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group were positively correlated with constipation (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). The Eggerthellaceae was positively correlated with total GI symptoms (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). More importantly, three increased microbiota including Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, and Eggerthellaceae positively modulated the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with constipation and total GI symptoms, and the decreased Clostridium sp. BR31 negatively modulated their associations in ASD children (P-value <0.05). Together, the altered microbiota strengthens the relationship between unbalanced dietary intake and GI symptoms. Among the altered metabolites, ten metabolites derived from microbiota (Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, Eggerthellaceae, and Clostridium sp. BR31) were screened out, enriched in eight metabolic pathways, and were identified to correlate with constipation and total GI symptoms in ASD children (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). These metabolomics findings further support the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with GI symptoms. Collectively, our research provides insights into the relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and GI symptoms in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Churui Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Saijun Huang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muqing Cao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingfeng Gu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuolin Pan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongyu Lin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Chamtouri M, Gaddour N, Merghni A, Mastouri M, Arboleya S, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG. Age and severity-dependent gut microbiota alterations in Tunisian children with autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18218. [PMID: 37880312 PMCID: PMC10600251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) have been reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We analysed the gut microbiota and fecal SCFA in Tunisian autistic children from 4 to 10 years, and results were compared to those obtained from a group of siblings (SIB) and children from the general population (GP). ASD patients presented different gut microbiota profiles compared to SIB and GP, with differences in the levels of Bifidobacterium and Collinsella occurring in younger children (4-7 years) and that tend to be attenuated at older ages (8-10 years). The lower abundance of Bifidobacterium is the key feature of the microbiota composition associated with severe autism. ASD patients presented significantly higher levels of propionic and valeric acids than GP at 4-7 years, but these differences disappeared at 8-10 years. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the gut microbiota profile of Tunisian autistic children using a metataxonomic approach. This exploratory study reveals more pronounced gut microbiota alterations at early than at advanced ages in ASD. Although we did not account for multiple testing, our findings suggest that early interventions might mitigate gut disorders and cognitive and neurodevelopment impairment associated to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Chamtouri
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300, Villaviciosa, Spain
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances LR99ES27, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Naoufel Gaddour
- Unit of Child Psychiatry, Monastir University Hospital, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abderrahmen Merghni
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Resistance LR99ES09, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Laboratory of Transmissible Diseases and Biologically Active Substances LR99ES27, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Silvia Arboleya
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300, Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota, and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300, Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota, and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
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19
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Korteniemi J, Karlsson L, Aatsinki A. Systematic review: Autism spectrum disorder and the gut microbiota. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 148:242-254. [PMID: 37395517 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a varying group of disorders characterized by deficiency in social interaction and restrictive patterns of behavior and interests. While there are several studies focusing on the neuropsychiatric pathogenesis of ASD, its etiology remains unclear. The role of gut-brain-axis in ASD has been studied increasingly and a correlation between symptoms and the composition of gut microbiota has been documented in various works. Despite this, the significance of individual microbes and their function is still widely unknown. This work aims to elucidate the current knowledge of the interrelations between ASD and the gut microbiota in children based on scientific evidence. METHODS This is a systematic review done by a literature search focusing on the main findings concerning the gut microbiota composition, interventions targeting the gut microbiota, and possible mechanisms explaining the results in children aged between 2 and 18 years of age. RESULTS Most studies in this review found significant differences between microbial communities, while there was notable variation in results regarding diversity indices or taxonomic level abundance. The most consistent results regarding taxa differences in ASD children's gut microbiota were higher levels of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Sutterella compared to controls. CONCLUSION These results show that the gut microbiota of children with ASD is altered compared to one of neurotypically developed children. More research is needed to discover whether some of these features could be used as potential biomarkers for ASD and how the gut microbiota could be targeted in therapeutical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Korteniemi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Aatsinki
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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20
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Zarezadeh M, Mahmoudinezhad M, Hosseini B, Khorraminezhad L, Razaghi M, Alvandi E, Saedisomeolia A. Dietary pattern in autism increases the need for probiotic supplementation: A comprehensive narrative and systematic review on oxidative stress hypothesis. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1330-1358. [PMID: 37418842 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are associated with specific dietary habits, including limited food selection and gastrointestinal problems, resulting in an altered gut microbiota. Autistic patients have an elevated abundance of certain gut bacteria associated with increased oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract. Probiotic supplementation has been shown to decrease oxidative stress in a simulated gut model, but the antioxidant effects of probiotics on the oxidative stress of the gut in autistic patients have not been directly studied. However, it is speculated that probiotic supplementation may help decrease oxidative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of autistic patients due to their specific dietary habits altering the microbiota. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar were searched up to May 2023. This systematic-narrative review aims to present the latest evidence regarding the changes in eating habits of autistic children which may further increase the gut microbiota induced oxidative stress. Additionally, this review will assess the available literature on the effects of probiotic supplementation on oxidative stress parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Banafshe Hosseini
- Clinical Research and Knowledge Transfer Unit on Childhood Asthma, Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Leila Khorraminezhad
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryam Razaghi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ehsan Alvandi
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmad Saedisomeolia
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada.
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21
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Herrera-Mejía J, Campos-Vega R, Wall-Medrano A, Jiménez-Vega F. A Two-Step Single Plex PCR Method for Evaluating Key Colonic Microbiota Markers in Young Mexicans with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Protocol and Pilot Epidemiological Application. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2387. [PMID: 37510132 PMCID: PMC10377852 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13142387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Many neurological disorders have a distinctive colonic microbiome (CM) signature. Particularly, children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) exhibit a very dissimilar CM when compared to neurotypical (NT) ones, mostly at the species level. Thus far, knowledge on this matter comes from high-throughput (yet very expensive and time-consuming) analytical platforms, such as massive high-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA. Here, pure (260/280 nm, ~1.85) stool DNA samples (200 ng.µL-1) from 48 participants [39 ASD, 9 NT; 3-13 y] were used to amplify four candidate differential CM markers [Bacteroides fragilis (BF), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (FP), Desulfovibrio vulgaris (DV), Akkermansia muciniphila (AM)], using micro-organism-specific oligonucleotide primers [265 bp (BF), 198 bp (FP), 196 bp (DV), 327 bp (AM)] and a standardized two-step [low (step 1: °Tm-5 °C) to high (stage 2: °Tm-0 °C) astringent annealing] PCR protocol (2S-PCR). The method was sensitive enough to differentiate all CM biomarkers in the studied stool donors [↑ abundance: NT (BF, FP, AM), ASD (DV)], and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the primers' specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Herrera-Mejía
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Rocío Campos-Vega
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76010, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Abraham Wall-Medrano
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Florinda Jiménez-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico
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22
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De Sales-Millán A, Aguirre-Garrido JF, González-Cervantes RM, Velázquez-Aragón JA. Microbiome-Gut-Mucosal-Immune-Brain Axis and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Novel Proposal of the Role of the Gut Microbiome in ASD Aetiology. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:548. [PMID: 37503995 PMCID: PMC10376175 DOI: 10.3390/bs13070548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by deficits in social interaction and communication, as well as restricted and stereotyped interests. Due of the high prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders in individuals with ASD, researchers have investigated the gut microbiota as a potential contributor to its aetiology. The relationship between the microbiome, gut, and brain (microbiome-gut-brain axis) has been acknowledged as a key factor in modulating brain function and social behaviour, but its connection to the aetiology of ASD is not well understood. Recently, there has been increasing attention on the relationship between the immune system, gastrointestinal disorders and neurological issues in ASD, particularly in relation to the loss of specific species or a decrease in microbial diversity. It focuses on how gut microbiota dysbiosis can affect gut permeability, immune function and microbiota metabolites in ASD. However, a very complete study suggests that dysbiosis is a consequence of the disease and that it has practically no effect on autistic manifestations. This is a review of the relationship between the immune system, microbial diversity and the microbiome-gut-brain axis in the development of autistic symptoms severity and a proposal of a novel role of gut microbiome in ASD, where dysbiosis is a consequence of ASD-related behaviour and where dysbiosis in turn accentuates the autistic manifestations of the patients via the microbiome-gut-brain axis in a feedback circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amapola De Sales-Millán
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Félix Aguirre-Garrido
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rina María González-Cervantes
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Lerma 52006, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
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23
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Levkova M, Chervenkov T, Pancheva R. Genus-Level Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mini Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1103. [PMID: 37508600 PMCID: PMC10377934 DOI: 10.3390/children10071103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Autism is a global health problem, probably due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is emerging data that the gut microbiome of autistic children differs from the one of typically developing children and it is important to know which bacterial genera may be related to autism. We searched different databases using specific keywords and inclusion criteria and identified the top ten bacterial genera from the selected articles that were significantly different between the studied patients and control subjects studied. A total of 34 studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. The genera Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Streptococcus, and Blautia exhibited the most substantial data indicating that their fluctuations in the gastrointestinal tract could be linked to the etiology of autism. It is probable that autism symptoms are influenced by both increased levels of harmful bacteria and decreased levels of beneficial bacteria. Interestingly, these genera demonstrated varying patterns of increased or decreased levels across different articles. To validate and eliminate the sources of this fluctuation, further research is needed. Consequently, future investigations on the causes of autism should prioritize the examination of the bacterial genera discussed in this publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Levkova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University Varna, Marin Drinov Str 55, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, St. Marina Hospital, Hristo Smirnenski Blv 1, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Trifon Chervenkov
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, St. Marina Hospital, Hristo Smirnenski Blv 1, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, St. Marina Hospital, Hristo Smirnenski Blv 1, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Rouzha Pancheva
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University Varna, Marin Drinov Str 55, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
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24
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Naz S, Ali Z, Minhas A, Fatima A, Waseem S. Generation of dysbiotic microbiota in cutaneous Leishmaniasis and enhancement of skin inflammation. Microb Pathog 2023; 181:106202. [PMID: 37327948 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) affects millions of people globally and has a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. Innate immune mediators are likely to influence the clinical phenotype of CL through primary responses that restrict or facilitate parasite spread. The aim of the study was to bring to attention the significance of microbiota in the development of CL and emphasized the necessity of including the role of microbiota in CL while promoting a One Health approach for managing diseases. To achieve this, we used 16S amplicon metagenome sequencing and QIIME2 pipeline to analyze the microbiome composition of CL-infected patients compared to non-infected, healthy subjects. 16S sequencing analysis showed serum microbiome was dominated by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteria. CL-infected individuals, Proteobacteria were the most prevalent (27.63 ± 9.79), with the relative abundance (10.73 ± 5.33) of Proteobacteria in control. Bacilli class was found to be the most prevalent in healthy controls (30.71 ± 8.44) while (20.57 ± 9.51) in CL-infected individuals. The class Alphaproteobacteria was found to be more in CL-infected individuals (5.47 ± 2.07) as compared to healthy controls (1.85 ± 0.39). The CL-infected individuals had a significantly lower relative abundance of the Clostridia class (p < 0.0001). An altered serum microbiome of CL infection and higher microbial abundance in the serum of healthy individuals was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Naz
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan.
| | - Zain Ali
- ABO SCIENTIFIC, Chakri Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Minhas
- Department of Dermatology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Quetta, 87300, Pakistan
| | - Anam Fatima
- Department of Medicine, Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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25
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Li Z, Zhang F, Sun M, Liu J, Zhao L, Liu S, Li S, Wang B. The modulatory effects of gut microbes and metabolites on blood–brain barrier integrity and brain function in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15122. [PMID: 37009158 PMCID: PMC10064995 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Intestinal microbiota homeostasis and the gut-brain axis are key players associated with host health and alterations in metabolic, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), which is closely associated with bacterial translocation, is a common secondary organ dysfunction and an urgent, unsolved problem affecting patient quality of life. Our study examined the neuroprotective effects of the gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites on SAE.
Methods
Male C57BL/6 mice were administered SCFAs in drinking water, then subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery to induce SAE. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to investigate gut microbiome changes. The open field test (OFT) and Y-maze were performed to evaluate brain function. The permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) was assessed by Evans blue (EB) staining. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to examine intestinal tissue morphology. The expression levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins and inflammatory cytokines was assessed by western blots and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, bEND.3 cells were incubated with SCFAs and then with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of TJ proteins.
Results
The composition of the gut microbiota was altered in SAE mice; this change may be related to SCFA metabolism. SCFA treatment significantly alleviated behavioral dysfunction and neuroinflammation in SAE mice. SCFAs upregulated occludin and ZO-1 expression in the intestine and brain in SAE mice and LPS-treated cerebromicrovascular cells.
Conclusions
These findings suggested that disturbances in the gut microbiota and SCFA metabolites play key roles in SAE. SCFA supplementation could exert neuroprotective effects against SAE by preserving BBB integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
- Institute of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Fangxiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Meisha Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shuchun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
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Dargenio VN, Dargenio C, Castellaneta S, De Giacomo A, Laguardia M, Schettini F, Francavilla R, Cristofori F. Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Possible Implications in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071620. [PMID: 37049461 PMCID: PMC10096948 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial etiology, characterized by impairment in two main functional areas: (1) communication and social interactions, and (2) skills, interests and activities. ASD patients often suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms associated with dysbiotic states and a “leaky gut.” A key role in the pathogenesis of ASD has been attributed to the gut microbiota, as it influences central nervous system development and neuropsychological and gastrointestinal homeostasis through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. A state of dysbiosis with a reduction in the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and Bacteroidetes level and other imbalances is common in ASD. In recent decades, many authors have tried to study and identify the microbial signature of ASD through in vivo and ex vivo studies. In this regard, the advent of metabolomics has also been of great help. Based on these data, several therapeutic strategies, primarily the use of probiotics, are investigated to improve the symptoms of ASD through the modulation of the microbiota. However, although the results are promising, the heterogeneity of the studies precludes concrete evidence. The aim of this review is to explore the role of intestinal barrier dysfunction, the gut–brain axis and microbiota alterations in ASD and the possible role of probiotic supplementation in these patients.
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Zhang N, Mou D, Li T, Chen Z, Ma C, Liang L, He Q. Integrated analysis reveals important differences in the gut and oropharyngeal microbiota between children with mild and severe hand, foot and mouth disease. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2192819. [PMID: 36927539 PMCID: PMC10071984 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2192819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about alternation and difference in gut microbiota between patients with mild and severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). We investigated the differences in gut and oropharynx microbiotas between mild and severe HFMD in young children and changes in bacterial profiles as the disease progresses from acute to convalescent phase. Forty-two patients with confirmed HFMD were studied, among which thirty-two had severe HFMD and ten had mild HFMD. First rectal swabs were collected from all patients at an average of 2 days (acute phase) after the onset of symptoms, and second rectal swabs were collected from 8 severe patients at day 9 (convalescent phase) after the onset. Oropharyngeal swabs were obtained from 10 patients in the acute phase and 6 in the convalescent phase. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed for all 70 samples. Compared with mild HFMD, severe HFMD exhibited significantly decreased diversity and richness of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota bacterial profiles observed in the acute and convalescent phases resembled each other, but differed from those in mild cases. Additionally, 50% of patients with severe HFMD in the acute phase harbored a dominant pathobiontic bacterial genus. However, none of patients with mild HFMD had such bacteria. Similar bacterial compositions in oropharynx microbiota were detected between mild and severe cases. Our findings indicate that severe HFMD exhibits significantly impaired diversity of gut microbiota and frequent gut and oropharyngeal inflammation-inducing bacteria. However, the results should be interpreted with caution as the number of the subjects was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University. No. 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You'an Meng Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (N.Z.: ; Z.C.: )
| | - Danlei Mou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Xi TouTiao, You'an Men Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (D.M.: ; T.L.: ; C.M.: ; L.L.: )
| | - Tongzeng Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Xi TouTiao, You'an Men Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (D.M.: ; T.L.: ; C.M.: ; L.L.: )
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University. No. 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You'an Meng Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (N.Z.: ; Z.C.: )
| | - Chunhua Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Xi TouTiao, You'an Men Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (D.M.: ; T.L.: ; C.M.: ; L.L.: )
| | - Lianchun Liang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Xi TouTiao, You'an Men Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (D.M.: ; T.L.: ; C.M.: ; L.L.: )
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University. No. 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You'an Meng Wai, Feng Tai District, Beijing 100069, China (N.Z.: ; Z.C.: ).,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, Turku 20520, Finland (Q.H.: )
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Feng P, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Li E. A review of probiotics in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders: Perspectives from the gut–brain axis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1123462. [PMID: 37007501 PMCID: PMC10060862 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a class of neurodevelopmental conditions with a large societal impact. Despite existing evidence suggesting a link between ASD pathogenesis and gut–brain axis dysregulation, there is no systematic review of the treatment of probiotics on ASD and its associated gastrointestinal abnormalities based on the gut–brain axis. Therefore, we performed an analysis for ASD based on preclinical and clinical research to give a comprehensive synthesis of published evidence of a potential mechanism for ASD. On the one hand, this review aims to elucidate the link between gastrointestinal abnormalities and ASD. Accordingly, we discuss gut microbiota dysbiosis regarding gut–brain axis dysfunction. On the other hand, this review suggests that probiotic administration to regulate the gut–brain axis might improve gastrointestinal symptoms, restore ASD-related behavioral symptoms, restore gut microbiota composition, reduce inflammation, and restore intestinal barrier function in human and animal models. This review suggests that targeting the microbiota through agents such as probiotics may represent an approach for treating subsets of individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengya Feng
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Enyao Li
- Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Enyao Li,
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Exploring the links between gut microbiota and excitatory and inhibitory brain processes in alcohol use disorder: A TMS study. Neuropharmacology 2023; 225:109384. [PMID: 36567005 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behavior is increasingly recognized, human studies examining this question are still scarce. The primary objective of the current study was to explore the potential relationships between the gut microbiota composition, motor cortical excitability at rest and during inhibitory control, as well as behavioral inhibition, in healthy volunteers and in patients suffering from alcohol use disorder. Motor cortical excitability was examined using a range of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures probed at rest, including the recruitment curve, short and long intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation within the primary motor cortex. Moreover, TMS was applied during a choice reaction time task to assess changes in motor excitability associated with inhibitory control. Finally, behavioral inhibition was investigated using a neuropsychological task (anti-saccade). Overall, our results highlight several interesting correlations between microbial composition and brain measures. Hence, higher bacterial diversity, as well as higher relative abundances of UGC-002 and Christensenellaceae R-7 group were correlated with stronger changes in motor excitability associated with inhibitory control. Also, higher abundance of Anaerostipes was associated with higher level of corticospinal excitability. Finally, relative abundances of Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were positively related to performance in the neuropsychological task, suggesting that they might have a positive impact on behavioral inhibition. Although correlation is not causation, the present study suggests that excitatory and inhibitory brain processes might be related to gut microbiota composition. This article is part of the Special Issue on 'Microbiome & the Brain: Mechanisms & Maladies'.
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Gut Microbiome and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Link Yet to Be Disclosed. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020487. [PMID: 36838452 PMCID: PMC9964594 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Τhe importance of the gut microbiome and its functions has only recently been recognized and researched in greater depth. The establishment of the human gut microbiome begins in utero, forming its adult-like phenotype in the first 2-3 years of life. Several factors affect and alter the gut microbiome composition and its metabolic functions, such as early onset of breastfeeding, mode of delivery, antibiotic administration, or exposure to chemical substances, among others. Existing data support the important connection between health status and gut microbiome homeostasis. In cases when this balance is disturbed, several disorders may arise, such as inflammatory reactions that lead to atopy, eczema, or allergic asthma. The so-called gut-brain axis refers to the complex biochemical pathways between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal system. One of the most fascinating areas of ongoing research is the broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and how gut health may be associated with such disorders. The prevalence of NDDs, such as autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, has increased over recent years. Whether gut microbiota homeostasis plays a role in these disorders is not yet fully understood. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an account of current knowledge on how gut health is linked with these disorders. We performed a literature review in order to identify and synthesize available data that highlights the potential association between NDDs and a balanced gut microbiome in terms of composition and proper function. The connection between the gut microbiome and NDDs offers promising new opportunities for future research.
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Donovan M, Mackey CS, Lynch MDJ, Platt GN, Brown AN, Washburn BK, Trickey DJ, Curtis JT, Liu Y, Charles TC, Wang Z, Jones KM. Limosilactobacillus reuteri administration alters the gut-brain-behavior axis in a sex-dependent manner in socially monogamous prairie voles. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1015666. [PMID: 36846764 PMCID: PMC9945313 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1015666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the role of gut microbiota in behavior has grown dramatically. The probiotic L. reuteri can alter social and stress-related behaviors - yet, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Although traditional laboratory rodents provide a foundation for examining the role of L. reuteri on the gut-brain axis, they do not naturally display a wide variety of social behaviors. Using the highly-social, monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), we examined the effects of L. reuteri administration on behaviors, neurochemical marker expression, and gut-microbiome composition. Females, but not males, treated with live L. reuteri displayed lower levels of social affiliation compared to those treated with heat-killed L. reuteri. Overall, females displayed a lower level of anxiety-like behaviors than males. Live L. reuteri-treated females had lower expression of corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) and CRF type-2-receptor in the nucleus accumbens, and lower vasopressin 1a-receptor in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), but increased CRF in the PVN. There were both baseline sex differences and sex-by-treatment differences in gut microbiome composition. Live L. reuteri increased the abundance of several taxa, including Enterobacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, and Treponema. Interestingly, heat-killed L. reuteri increased abundance of the beneficial taxa Bifidobacteriaceae and Blautia. There were significant correlations between changes in microbiota, brain neurochemical markers, and behaviors. Our data indicate that L. reuteri impacts gut microbiota, gut-brain axis and behaviors in a sex-specific manner in socially-monogamous prairie voles. This demonstrates the utility of the prairie vole model for further examining causal impacts of microbiome on brain and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Donovan
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Calvin S. Mackey
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Michael D. J. Lynch
- Metagenom Bio Life Science Inc, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Grayson N. Platt
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Amber N. Brown
- Department of Biological Science Core Facilities, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Brian K. Washburn
- Department of Biological Science Core Facilities, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Darryl J. Trickey
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - J. Thomas Curtis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Trevor C. Charles
- Metagenom Bio Life Science Inc, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zuoxin Wang
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Kathryn M. Jones
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
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Wang W, Fu P. Gut Microbiota Analysis and In Silico Biomarker Detection of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder across Cohorts. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020291. [PMID: 36838256 PMCID: PMC9958793 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of human gut microbiota has attracted increasing interest in the fields of life science and healthcare. However, the complicated and interconnected associations between gut microbiota and human diseases are still difficult to determine in a predictive fashion. Artificial intelligence such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning can assist in processing and interpreting biological datasets. In this study, we aggregated data from different studies based on the species composition and relative abundance of gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developed (TD) individuals and analyzed the commonalities and differences of ASD-associated microbiota across cohorts. We established a predictive model using an ML algorithm to explore the diagnostic value of the gut microbiome for the children with ASD and identify potential biomarkers for ASD diagnosis. The results indicated that the Shenzhen cohort achieved a higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) value of 0.984 with 97% accuracy, while the Moscow cohort achieved an AUROC value of 0.81 with 67% accuracy. For the combination of the two cohorts, the average prediction results had an AUROC of 0.86 and 80% accuracy. The results of our cross-cohort analysis suggested that a variety of influencing factors, such as population characteristics, geographical region, and dietary habits, should be taken into consideration in microbial transplantation or dietary therapy. Collectively, our prediction strategy based on gut microbiota can serve as an enhanced strategy for the clinical diagnosis of ASD and assist in providing a more complete method to assess the risk of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Pengcheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence:
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Protective Effect of Anthocyanins against Neurodegenerative Diseases through the Microbial-Intestinal-Brain Axis: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030496. [PMID: 36771208 PMCID: PMC9922026 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in human mean age, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) also rises. This negatively affects mental and physiological health. In recent years, evidence has revealed that anthocyanins could regulate the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) through the microbiome-gut-brain axis, which provides a new perspective for treating NDs. In this review, the protective effects and mechanisms of anthocyanins against NDs are summarized, especially the interaction between anthocyanins and the intestinal microbiota, and the microbial-intestinal-brain axis system is comprehensively discussed. Moreover, anthocyanins achieve the therapeutic purpose of NDs by regulating intestinal microflora and certain metabolites (protocateic acid, vanillic acid, etc.). In particular, the inhibitory effect of tryptophan metabolism on some neurotransmitters and the induction of blood-brain barrier permeability by butyrate production has a preventive effect on NDs. Overall, it is suggested that microbial-intestinal-brain axis may be a novel mechanism for the protective effect of anthocyanins against NDs.
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Xiong HH, Lin SY, Chen LL, Ouyang KH, Wang WJ. The Interaction between Flavonoids and Intestinal Microbes: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020320. [PMID: 36673411 PMCID: PMC9857828 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on the interaction between flavonoids and intestinal microbes have prompted a rash of food science, nutriology and biomedicine, complying with future research trends. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and human health, but once the intestinal flora dysregulation occurs, it may contribute to various diseases. Flavonoids have shown a variety of physiological activities, and are metabolized or biotransformed by gut microbiota, thereby producing new metabolites that promote human health by modulating the composition and structure of intestinal flora. Herein, this review demonstrates the key notion of flavonoids as well as intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding about how flavonoids regulate the diseases by gut microbiota. Emphasis is placed on the microbiota-flavonoid bidirectional interaction that affects the metabolic fate of flavonoids and their metabolites, thereby influencing their metabolic mechanism, biotransformation, bioavailability and bioactivity. Potentially by focusing on the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota as well as their metabolites such as bile acids, we discuss the influence mechanism of flavonoids on intestinal microbiota by protecting the intestinal barrier function and immune system. Additionally, the microbiota-flavonoid bidirectional interaction plays a crucial role in regulating various diseases. We explain the underlying regulation mechanism of several typical diseases including gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, diabetes and cancer, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and guideline for the promotion of gastrointestinal health as well as the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Su-Yun Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ling-Li Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ke-Hui Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-791-83813655
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Malan-Müller S, Valles-Colomer M, Palomo T, Leza JC. The gut-microbiota-brain axis in a Spanish population in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic: microbiota composition linked to anxiety, trauma, and depression profiles. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2162306. [PMID: 36651663 PMCID: PMC9851210 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2162306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of anxiety and depression soared following the COVID-19 pandemic. To effectively treat these conditions, a comprehensive understanding of all etiological factors is needed. This study investigated fecal microbial features associated with mental health outcomes (symptoms of anxiety, depression, or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)) in a Spanish cohort in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. Microbial communities from stool samples were profiled in 198 individuals who completed validated, self-report questionnaires. 16S ribosomal RNA gene V3-4 amplicon sequencing was performed. Microbial diversity and community structure were analyzed, together with relative taxonomic abundance. In our cohort of N=198, 17.17% reported depressive symptoms, 37.37% state anxiety symptoms, 40.90% trait anxiety symptoms, and 8.08% PTSD symptoms, with high levels of comorbidity. Individuals with trait anxiety had lower Simpson's diversity. Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans was reduced in individuals with comorbid PTSD + depression + state and trait anxiety symptoms, whilst an expansion of Proteobacteria and depletion of Synergistetes phyla were noted in individuals with depressive symptoms. The relative abundance of Anaerostipes was positively correlated with childhood trauma, and higher levels of Turicibacter sanguinis and lower levels of Lentisphaerae were found in individuals who experienced life-threatening traumas. COVID-19 infection and vaccination influenced the overall microbial composition and were associated with distinct relative taxonomic abundance profiles. These findings will help lay the foundation for future studies to identify microbial role players in symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD and provide future therapeutic targets to improve mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Malan-Müller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurochemistry Research Institute UCM, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Valles-Colomer
- Department of Cellular Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Tomás Palomo
- Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurochemistry Research Institute UCM, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C. Leza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurochemistry Research Institute UCM, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
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Cheng L, Wu H, Chen Z, Hao H, Zheng X. Gut microbiome at the crossroad of genetic variants and behavior disorders. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2201156. [PMID: 37089016 PMCID: PMC10128504 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2201156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants are traditionally known to shape the susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders. An increasing number of studies indicate that remodeling of the gut microbiome by genetic variance serves as a versatile regulator of gut-brain crosstalk and behavior. Evidence also emerges that certain behavioral symptoms are specifically attributed to gut microbial remodeling and gut-to-brain signals, which necessitates rethinking of neuropsychiatric disease etiology and treatment from a systems perspective of reciprocal gene-microbe interactions. Here, we present an emerging picture of how gut microbes and host genetics interactively shape complex psychiatric phenotypes. We illustrate the growing understanding of how the gut microbiome is shaped by genetic changes and its connection to behavioral outcome. We also discuss working strategies and open questions in translating associative gene-microbiome-behavior findings into causal links and novel targets for neurobehavioral disorders. Dual targeting of the genetic and microbial factors may expand the space of drug discovery for neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingsha Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target Discovery, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Holloway JM, Gray HL, Buro AW, Thomas J, Sauls R, Howard AM. Measurement Tools to Assess Usual Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Scoping Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-022-00349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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38
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Gut microbiome-wide association study of depressive symptoms. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7128. [PMID: 36473852 PMCID: PMC9726982 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most poorly understood diseases due to its elusive pathogenesis. There is an urgency to identify molecular and biological mechanisms underlying depression and the gut microbiome is a novel area of interest. Here we investigate the relation of fecal microbiome diversity and composition with depressive symptoms in 1,054 participants from the Rotterdam Study cohort and validate these findings in the Amsterdam HELIUS cohort in 1,539 subjects. We identify association of thirteen microbial taxa, including genera Eggerthella, Subdoligranulum, Coprococcus, Sellimonas, Lachnoclostridium, Hungatella, Ruminococcaceae (UCG002, UCG003 and UCG005), LachnospiraceaeUCG001, Eubacterium ventriosum and Ruminococcusgauvreauiigroup, and family Ruminococcaceae with depressive symptoms. These bacteria are known to be involved in the synthesis of glutamate, butyrate, serotonin and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), which are key neurotransmitters for depression. Our study suggests that the gut microbiome composition may play a key role in depression.
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Abdugheni R, Wang W, Wang Y, Du M, Liu F, Zhou N, Jiang C, Wang C, Wu L, Ma J, Liu C, Liu S. Metabolite profiling of human-originated Lachnospiraceae at the strain level. IMETA 2022; 1:e58. [PMID: 38867908 PMCID: PMC10989990 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors diverse microbes, and the family Lachnospiraceae is one of the most abundant and widely occurring bacterial groups in the human GI tract. Beneficial and adverse effects of the Lachnospiraceae on host health were reported, but the diversities at species/strain levels as well as their metabolites of Lachnospiraceae have been, so far, not well documented. In the present study, we report on the collection of 77 human-originated Lachnospiraceae species (please refer hLchsp, https://hgmb.nmdc.cn/subject/lachnospiraceae) and the in vitro metabolite profiles of 110 Lachnospiraceae strains (https://hgmb.nmdc.cn/subject/lachnospiraceae/metabolites). The Lachnospiraceae strains in hLchsp produced 242 metabolites of 17 categories. The larger categories were alcohols (89), ketones (35), pyrazines (29), short (C2-C5), and long (C > 5) chain acids (31), phenols (14), aldehydes (14), and other 30 compounds. Among them, 22 metabolites were aromatic compounds. The well-known beneficial gut microbial metabolite, butyric acid, was generally produced by many Lachnospiraceae strains, and Agathobacter rectalis strain Lach-101 and Coprococcus comes strain NSJ-173 were the top 2 butyric acid producers, as 331.5 and 310.9 mg/L of butyric acids were produced in vitro, respectively. Further analysis of the publicly available cohort-based volatile-metabolomic data sets of human feces revealed that over 30% of the prevailing volatile metabolites were covered by Lachnospiraceae metabolites identified in this study. This study provides Lachnospiraceae strain resources together with their metabolic profiles for future studies on host-microbe interactions and developments of novel probiotics or biotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidin Abdugheni
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis EcologyXinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiChina
| | - Wen‐Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of MycologyInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yu‐Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meng‐Xuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Feng‐Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Nan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Cheng‐Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chang‐Yu Wang
- Colleg of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Linhuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Juncai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Shuang‐Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Environmental Microbiology Research Center (EMRC)Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
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Yang X, Li J, Zhou Y, Zhang N, Liu J. Effect of stigma maydis polysaccharide on the gut microbiota and transcriptome of VPA induced autism model rats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1009502. [PMID: 36406395 PMCID: PMC9672813 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stigma maydis polysaccharide (SMPS) is a plant polysaccharide that participates in immune regulation and gastrointestinal motility. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders, and ASD patients often present intestinal microflora imbalance problems; however, there is no effective treatment method. This study explores the effect of SMPS intervention on the gut microbiota in autism model rats as well as the potential action pathways. Female Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with sodium valproic acid (VPA) or normal saline at embryonic day 12.5 to establish an autism model or normal control in their offspring. The offspring prenatally exposed to VPA were randomly assigned to the VPA and the SMPS groups. The SMPS group was administered SMPS from E0.5 to postnatal day (PND) 21. We performed 16S rRNA and transcriptomics analyses to reveal the gut microbiota (GM) and differentially expressed genes in the autism model rats in response to SMPS intervention. SMPS intervention significantly improved the diversity and structure of the GM in autism model rats compared with the VPA rats. Moreover, the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group was increased after SMPS intervention. Transcriptome sequencing showed that 496 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after SMPS administration compared with the VPA group. Meanwhile, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEGs was showed that the SMPS group had significant 653 GO terms. SMPS intervention had a major influence on oxidative phosphorylation, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, thermogenesis, ribosome, protein digestion and absorption, renin-angiotensin system, calcium signaling pathway, glycosphingolipid biosynthesis-ganglio series, and propanoate metabolism pathways. Overall, this study suggests that SMPS interventions in early life may have an impact on gut microbiota, and then affect the transcriptomics levels of the hippocampal tissue in the VPA-induced autism model rats. It provides scientific evidence for the role of the microbe-gut-brain axis in ASD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jiyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jicheng Liu
- Research Institute of Medical and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
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Chen YC, Lin HY, Chien Y, Tung YH, Ni YH, Gau SSF. Altered gut microbiota correlates with behavioral problems but not gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals with autism. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 106:161-178. [PMID: 36058421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite inconsistent results across studies, emerging evidence suggests that the microbial micro-environment may be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Geographical and cultural factors highly impact microbial profiles, and there is a shortage of data from East Asian populations. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize microbial profiles in an East Asian sample and explore whether gut microbiota contributes to clinical symptoms, emotional/behavioral problems, and GI symptoms in ASD. METHODS We assessed 82 boys and young men with ASD and 31 typically developing controls (TDC), aged 6-25 years. We analyzed the stool sample of all participants with 16S V3-V4 rRNA sequencing and correlated its profile with GI symptoms, autistic symptoms, and emotional/behavioral problems. RESULTS Autistic individuals, compared to TDC, had worse GI symptoms. There were no group differences in alpha diversity of species richness estimates (Shannon-wiener and Simpson diversity indices). Participants with ASD had an increased relative abundance of Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus torques group (at the genus level), and Bacteroides plebeius DSM 17135 (at the species level), while a decreased relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG 013, Ervsipelotrichaceae UCG 003, Parasutterella, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Turicibacter (at the genus level), and Clostridium spiroforme DSM 1552 and Intestinimonas butyriciproducens (at the species level). Altered taxonomic diversity in ASD significantly correlated with autistic symptoms, thought problems, delinquent behaviors, self dysregulation, and somatic complaints. We did not find an association between gut symptoms and gut microbial dysbiosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that altered microbiota are associated with behavioral phenotypes but not GI symptoms in ASD. The function of the identified microbial profiles mainly involves the immune pathway, supporting the hypothesis of a complex relationship between altered microbiome, immune dysregulation, and ASD that may advance the discovery of molecular biomarkers for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Lin
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yiling Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Tung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Soltysova M, Tomova A, Ostatnikova D. Gut Microbiota Profiles in Children and Adolescents with Psychiatric Disorders. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2009. [PMID: 36296284 PMCID: PMC9608804 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our work is to summarize the current state of knowledge on gut microbiota differences in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. To find the relevant articles, the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Articles in English presenting original data and comparing the composition of gut microbiota in child psychiatric patients with gut microbiota in healthy children and adolescents were selected. Finally, we identified 55 articles eligible for our purpose. The majority of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were investigated. A smaller number of studies evaluating the gut microbiota in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Rett syndrome, anorexia nervosa, depressive disorder (DD), and tic disorders were found. The main findings of this research are discussed in our review, focusing on the age-related gut microbiota specificity for psychiatric disorders and the differences between individual diagnosis. To conclude, the gut microbiota in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders is evidently different from that in controls. The most pronounced differences are seen in children with ASD, less in ADHD. Moreover, the changes are not identical to those in adult psychiatric patients, as Ruminococcus, Turicibacter, and Bilophila were increased in adults, and decreased in children with ASD, and Parabacteroides and Alistipes were more frequently represented in adults, but less frequently represented in children with depression. The available data suggest some genera have a different abundance in individual psychiatric disorders (e.g., Bilophila, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus), suggesting their importance for the gut-brain axis. Other bacterial genera might be more important for the pathophysiology of specific disorder in children and adolescents, as Akkermansia and Desulfovibrio for ASD, or Romboutsia for DD. Based on the research findings, we assume that gut microbiota corrections have the potential to improve clinical symptoms in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Soltysova
- Academic Research Center for Autism, Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Bratislava, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Child Psychiatry Outpatient Care Unit, Zvolen Hospital, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Aleksandra Tomova
- Child Psychiatry Outpatient Care Unit, Zvolen Hospital, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Ostatnikova
- Child Psychiatry Outpatient Care Unit, Zvolen Hospital, 960 01 Zvolen, Slovakia
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Multi-angle meta-analysis of the gut microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder: a step toward understanding patient subgroups. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17034. [PMID: 36220843 PMCID: PMC9554176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have shown that the composition of the human gut microbiome in children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) differs significantly from that of their neurotypical (NT) counterparts. Thus far, reported ASD-specific microbiome signatures have been inconsistent. To uncover reproducible signatures, we compiled 10 publicly available raw amplicon and metagenomic sequencing datasets alongside new data generated from an internal cohort (the largest ASD cohort to date), unified them with standardized pre-processing methods, and conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of all taxa and variables detected across multiple studies. By screening metadata to test associations between the microbiome and 52 variables in multiple patient subsets and across multiple datasets, we determined that differentially abundant taxa in ASD versus NT children were dependent upon age, sex, and bowel function, thus marking these variables as potential confounders in case-control ASD studies. Several taxa, including the strains Bacteroides stercoris t__190463 and Clostridium M bolteae t__180407, and the species Granulicatella elegans and Massilioclostridium coli, exhibited differential abundance in ASD compared to NT children only after subjects with bowel dysfunction were removed. Adjusting for age, sex and bowel function resulted in adding or removing significantly differentially abundant taxa in ASD-diagnosed individuals, emphasizing the importance of collecting and controlling for these metadata. We have performed the largest (n = 690) and most comprehensive systematic analysis of ASD gut microbiome data to date. Our study demonstrated the importance of accounting for confounding variables when designing statistical comparative analyses of ASD- and NT-associated gut bacterial profiles. Mitigating these confounders identified robust microbial signatures across cohorts, signifying the importance of accounting for these factors in comparative analyses of ASD and NT-associated gut profiles. Such studies will advance the understanding of different patient groups to deliver appropriate therapeutics by identifying microbiome traits germane to the specific ASD phenotype.
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Deng W, Wang S, Li F, Wang F, Xing YP, Li Y, Lv Y, Ke H, Li Z, Lv PJ, Hao H, Chen Y, Xiao X. Gastrointestinal symptoms have a minor impact on autism spectrum disorder and associations with gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1000419. [PMID: 36274684 PMCID: PMC9585932 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience gastrointestinal (GI) issues more frequently and severely than children who are typically developing (TD). The connections between gastrointestinal problems, microbiota, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in ASD are still being debated. We enrolled 90 children, 45 of whom were diagnosed with ASD, and examined the impact of GI disorders on ASD. The six-item GI Severity Index questionnaire was used to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms, while the Social Responsiveness Scale was used to evaluate autism symptoms. Further, the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire are used to assess sleep and eating disorders in children. We assessed fecal microbiota by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and SCFA concentrations by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results revealed that children with ASD exhibited a high rate of gastrointestinal issues (78%), as well as higher rates of social impairment and poor sleeping habits, compared to TD children. However, GI disturbances have a minor impact on autism. In addition, the levels of propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid were significantly higher in the ASD group. Besides, the ASD, TD, and GI subgroups possessed distinct microbiome profiles. These findings suggest that gastrointestinal disturbances have no discernible effect on the core symptoms of autism. Although autism may not cause an increase in GI symptoms directly, alterations in metabolites, such as SCFAs, may cause GI symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenlin Deng,
| | - Siqi Wang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gastroenterology Endoscopy Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Pei Xing
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Ke
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin Jing Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Tartaglione AM, Villani A, Ajmone-Cat MA, Minghetti L, Ricceri L, Pazienza V, De Simone R, Calamandrei G. Maternal immune activation induces autism-like changes in behavior, neuroinflammatory profile and gut microbiota in mouse offspring of both sexes. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:384. [PMID: 36104346 PMCID: PMC9474453 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a sex-biased neurodevelopmental disorder with a male to female prevalence of 4:1, characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction and restricted-repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities. Microbiota alterations as well as signs of neuroinflammation have been also reported in ASD. The involvement of immune dysregulation in ASD is further supported by evidence suggesting that maternal immune activation (MIA), especially during early pregnancy, may be a risk factor for ASD. The present study was aimed at characterizing the effects of MIA on behavior, gut microbiota and neuroinflammation in the mouse offspring also considering the impact of MIA in the two sexes. MIA offspring exhibited significant ASD-like behavioral alterations (i.e., deficits in sociability and sensorimotor gating, perseverative behaviors). The analysis of microbiota revealed changes in specific microbial taxa that recapitulated those seen in ASD children. In addition, molecular analyses indicated sex-related differences in the neuroinflammatory responses triggered by MIA, with a more prominent effect in the cerebellum. Our data suggest that both sexes should be included in the experimental designs of preclinical studies in order to identify those mechanisms that confer different vulnerability to ASD to males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Tartaglione
- Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy.
| | - Annacandida Villani
- grid.413503.00000 0004 1757 9135Gastroenterology Unit IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Hospital San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Ajmone-Cat
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Minghetti
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Research Coordination and Support Service, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ricceri
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- grid.413503.00000 0004 1757 9135Gastroenterology Unit IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Hospital San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Roberta De Simone
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Rome, Italy
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Wu J, Lu Y, Cai X, Chen Y, Shen Z, Lyv Q. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in 4- to 6-year-old children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2012-2022. [PMID: 35580999 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several experiments on animals have reported the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and gut microbiota. We investigated the gut microbiota composition of children aged 4-6 years with OSAHS to complement the pathogenesis and clinical screening methods of OSAHS. METHODS We collected feces from 43 children with OSAHS and 45 controls aged 4-6 years. We extracted total bacterial DNA from feces and analyzed the composition of gut microbiota through 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. RESULTS There were significant differences in bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) between OSAHS children and controls, including Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and a member of Ruminococcaceae. A gut microbiota model for pediatric OSAHS screening showed that the receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve (ROC-AUC) was 0.794 with 79.1% and 80.0% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Functional analysis of the gut microbiota revealed several alterations in metabolism. CONCLUSION The composition of gut microbiota in OSAHS children is partially changed. The altered intestinal flora may provide a new screening method for the diagnosis of children with OSAHS. The prediction of gut microbiota function suggests that intestinal metabolic function may be altered in OSAHS children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Wu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanbo Lu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Cai
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Lyv
- Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Laue HE, Karagas MR, Coker MO, Bellinger DC, Baker ER, Korrick SA, Madan JC. Sex-specific relationships of the infant microbiome and early-childhood behavioral outcomes. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:580-591. [PMID: 34732816 PMCID: PMC9065210 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A link between the gut microbiome and behavior is hypothesized, but most previous studies are cross-sectional or in animal models. The modifying role of host sex is poorly characterized. We aimed to identify sex-specific prospective associations between the early-life gut microbiome and preschool-age neurobehavior. METHODS In a prospective cohort, gut microbiome diversity and taxa were estimated with 16S rRNA sequencing at 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years. Species and gene pathways were inferred from metagenomic sequencing at 6 weeks and 1 year. When subjects were 3 years old, parents completed the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, second edition (BASC-2). A total of 260 children contributed 523 16S rRNA and 234 metagenomics samples to analysis. Models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Higher diversity at 6 weeks was associated with better internalizing problems among boys, but not girls [βBoys = -1.86 points/SD Shannon diversity; 95% CI (-3.29, -0.42), pBoys = 0.01, βGirls = 0.22 (-1.43, 1.87), pGirls = 0.8, pinteraction = 0.06]. Among other taxa-specific associations, Bifidobacterium at 6 weeks was associated with Adaptive Skills scores in a sex-specific manner. We observed relationships between functional features and BASC-2 scores, including vitamin B6 biosynthesis pathways and better Depression scores. CONCLUSIONS This study advances our understanding of microbe-host interactions with implications for childhood behavioral health. IMPACT This is one of the first studies to examine the early-life microbiome and neurobehavior, and the first to examine prospective sex-specific associations. Infant and early-childhood microbiomes relate to neurobehavior including anxiety, depression, hyperactivity, and social behaviors in a time- and sex-specific manner. Our findings suggest future studies should evaluate whether host sex impacts the relationship between the gut microbiome and behavioral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Laue
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Modupe O Coker
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - David C Bellinger
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily R Baker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Susan A Korrick
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliette C Madan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
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Jones J, Reinke SN, Mousavi-Derazmahalleh M, Palmer DJ, Christophersen CT. Changes to the Gut Microbiome in Young Children Showing Early Behavioral Signs of Autism. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:905901. [PMID: 35966698 PMCID: PMC9371947 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.905901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome has increasingly been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is a neurological developmental disorder, characterized by impairments to social interaction. The ability of the gut microbiota to signal across the gut-brain-microbiota axis with metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, impacts brain health and has been identified to play a role in the gastrointestinal and developmental symptoms affecting autistic children. The fecal microbiome of older children with ASD has repeatedly shown particular shifts in the bacterial and fungal microbial community, which are significantly different from age-matched neurotypical controls, but it is still unclear whether these characteristic shifts are detectable before diagnosis. Early microbial colonization patterns can have long-lasting effects on human health, and pre-emptive intervention may be an important mediator to more severe autism. In this study, we characterized both the microbiome and short-chain fatty acid concentrations of fecal samples from young children between 21 and 40 months who were showing early behavioral signs of ASD. The fungal richness and acetic acid concentrations were observed to be higher with increasing autism severity, and the abundance of several bacterial taxa also changed due to the severity of ASD. Bacterial diversity and SCFA concentrations were also associated with stool form, and some bacterial families were found with differential abundance according to stool firmness. An exploratory analysis of the microbiome associated with pre-emptive treatment also showed significant differences at multiple taxonomic levels. These differences may impact the microbial signaling across the gut-brain-microbiota axis and the neurological development of the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Jones
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- The Western Australian Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Jacquelyn Jones
| | - Stacey N. Reinke
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Mahsa Mousavi-Derazmahalleh
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- The Western Australian Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Debra J. Palmer
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Claus T. Christophersen
- Trace and Environmental DNA Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- The Western Australian Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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Taniya MA, Chung HJ, Al Mamun A, Alam S, Aziz MA, Emon NU, Islam MM, Hong STS, Podder BR, Ara Mimi A, Aktar Suchi S, Xiao J. Role of Gut Microbiome in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Therapeutic Regulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:915701. [PMID: 35937689 PMCID: PMC9355470 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.915701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that affects normal brain development. The recent finding of the microbiota-gut-brain axis indicates the bidirectional connection between our gut and brain, demonstrating that gut microbiota can influence many neurological disorders such as autism. Most autistic patients suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Many studies have shown that early colonization, mode of delivery, and antibiotic usage significantly affect the gut microbiome and the onset of autism. Microbial fermentation of plant-based fiber can produce different types of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that may have a beneficial or detrimental effect on the gut and neurological development of autistic patients. Several comprehensive studies of the gut microbiome and microbiota-gut-brain axis help to understand the mechanism that leads to the onset of neurological disorders and find possible treatments for autism. This review integrates the findings of recent years on the gut microbiota and ASD association, mainly focusing on the characterization of specific microbiota that leads to ASD and addressing potential therapeutic interventions to restore a healthy balance of gut microbiome composition that can treat autism-associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Afrin Taniya
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Environment and Life Science, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hea-Jong Chung
- Gwanju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwanju, South Korea
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Safaet Alam
- Drugs and Toxins Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Minarul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seong-T shool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Bristy Rani Podder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anjuman Ara Mimi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Suzia Aktar Suchi
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Hand Surgery and Peripheral Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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50
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Leveraging Existing 16SrRNA Microbial Data to Define a Composite Biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorder. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0033122. [PMID: 35762814 PMCID: PMC9431227 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00331-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulative studies have utilized high-throughput sequencing of the 16SrRNA gene to characterize the composition and structure of the microbiota in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, they do not always obtain consistent results; thus, conducting cross-study comparisons is necessary. This study sought to analyze the alteration of fecal microbiota and the diagnostic capabilities of gut microbiota biomarkers in individuals with ASD using the existing 16SrRNA microbial data and explore heterogeneity among studies. The raw sequence and metadata from 10 studies, including 1,019 samples, were reanalyzed. Results showed no significant difference in alpha diversity of fecal microbiota between ASD and the control group. However, a significant difference in the composition structure of fecal microbiota was observed. Given the large differences in sample selection and technical differences, the separation of fecal microbiota between ASD and controls was not observed. Subgroup analysis was performed on the basis of different country of origin, hypervariable regions, and sequencing platforms, and the dominant genera in ASD and healthy control groups were determined by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of the effect size (LEfSe) algorithm and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Machine learning analyses were carried out to determine the diagnostic capabilities of potential microbial biomarkers. A total of 12 genera were identified to distinguish ASD from control, and the AUC of the training set and verification set was 0.757 and 0.761, respectively. Despite cohort heterogeneity, gut microbial dysbiosis of ASD has been proven to be a widespread phenomenon. Therefore, fecal microbial markers are of great significance in diagnosing ASD diseases and possible candidates for further mechanistic study of the role of intestinal microbiota in ASD. IMPORTANCE This study provides an updated analysis to characterize the gut microbiota in ASD using 16SrRNA gene high-throughput sequencing data from 10 publicly available studies. Our analysis suggests an association between the fecal microbiota and ASD. Sample selection and technical differences between studies may interfere with the species composition analysis of the ASD group and control group. By summarizing the results of 16SrRNA gene sequencing from multiple fecal samples, we can provide evidence to support the use of microbial biomarkers to diagnose the occurrence of ASD. Our study provides a new perspective for further revealing the correlation between gut microbiota and ASD from the perspective of 16SrRNA sequencing in larger samples.
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