1
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Szentkereszty M, Ladányi A, Gálffy G, Tóvári J, Losonczy G. Density of tumor-infiltrating NK and Treg cells is associated with 5 years progression-free and overall survival in resected lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2024; 192:107824. [PMID: 38761665 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Surgical resection of pulmonary adenocarcinoma is considered to be curative but progression-free survival (PFS) has remained highly variable. Antitumor immune response may be important, however, the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) and regulatory T (Treg) lymphocytes is uncertain. Resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma tissues (n = 115) were studied by immunohistochemical detection of NKp46 and FoxP3 positivity to identify NK and Treg cells, respectively. Association of cell densities with clinicopathological features and progression-free survival (PFS) as well as overall survival (OS) were analyzed with a follow-up time of 60 months. Both types of immune cells were accumulated predominantly in tumor stroma. NK cell density showed association with female gender, non-smoking and KRAS wild-type status. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, PFS and OS proved to be longer in patients with high NK or Treg cell densities (p = 0.0293 and p = 0.0375 for PFS, p = 0.0310 and p = 0.0448 for OS, respectively). Evaluating the prognostic effect of the combination of NK and Treg cell density values revealed that PFS and OS were significantly longer in NKhigh/Treghigh cases compared to the other groups combined (p = 0.0223 and p = 0.0325, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that high NK cell density was independent predictor of longer PFS while high NK and high Treg cell densities both proved significant predictors of longer OS. The NKhigh/Treghigh combination also proved to be an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS. In conclusion, NK and Treg cells can be components of the innate and adaptive immune response at action against progression of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Szentkereszty
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University Clinical Center, Budapest, Hungary; Tumor Pathology Center, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Ladányi
- Tumor Pathology Center, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Gálffy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University Clinical Center, Budapest, Hungary; Pulmonology Hospital of Törökbálint, Törökbálint, Hungary
| | - József Tóvári
- National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Experimental Pharmacology, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University Clinical Center, Budapest, Hungary.
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2
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Zhang H, Wang J, Li F. Modulation of natural killer cell exhaustion in the lungs: the key components from lung microenvironment and lung tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1286986. [PMID: 38022613 PMCID: PMC10657845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of tumor-induced death worldwide and remains a primary global health concern. In homeostasis, due to its unique structure and physiological function, the lung microenvironment is in a state of immune tolerance and suppression, which is beneficial to tumor development and metastasis. The lung tumor microenvironment is a more complex system that further enhances the immunosuppressive features in the lungs. NK cells are abundantly located in the lungs and play crucial roles in lung tumor surveillance and antitumor immunity. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment promotes significant challenges to NK cell features, leading to their hypofunction, exhaustion, and compromised antitumor activity. Thus, understanding the complex interactions among the lung microenvironment, lung tumor microenvironment, and NK cell exhaustion is critical for the development of effective cancer immunotherapeutic strategies. The present review will discuss NK cell hypofunction and exhaustion within the lung microenvironment and lung tumor microenvironment, focusing on lung tissue-specific factors, including key cytokines and unique environmental components, that modulate NK cell activation and function. Understanding the functional mechanisms of key factors would help to design strategies to reverse NK cell exhaustion and restore their antitumor function within the lung tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhang
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fenggqi Li
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
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3
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Lepretre F, Gras D, Chanez P, Duez C. Natural killer cells in the lung: potential role in asthma and virus-induced exacerbation? Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230036. [PMID: 37437915 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0036-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder whose pathophysiological and immunological mechanisms are not completely understood. Asthma exacerbations are mostly driven by respiratory viral infections and characterised by worsening of symptoms. Despite current therapies, asthma exacerbations can still be life-threatening. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells well known for their antiviral activity and are present in the lung as circulating and resident cells. However, their functions in asthma and its exacerbations are still unclear. In this review, we will address NK cell activation and functions, which are particularly relevant for asthma and virus-induced asthma exacerbations. Then, the role of NK cells in the lungs at homeostasis in healthy individuals will be described, as well as their functions during pulmonary viral infections, with an emphasis on those associated with asthma exacerbations. Finally, we will discuss the involvement of NK cells in asthma and virus-induced exacerbations and examine the effect of asthma treatments on NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lepretre
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Gras
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Nord, Clinique des Bronches, de l'allergie et du sommeil, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Duez
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France
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4
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Shin E, Bak SH, Park T, Kim JW, Yoon SR, Jung H, Noh JY. Understanding NK cell biology for harnessing NK cell therapies: targeting cancer and beyond. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192907. [PMID: 37539051 PMCID: PMC10395517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-engineered immune cell therapies have partially transformed cancer treatment, as exemplified by the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells in certain hematologic malignancies. However, there are several limitations that need to be addressed to target more cancer types. Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of innate immune cells that represent a unique biology in cancer immune surveillance. In particular, NK cells obtained from heathy donors can serve as a source for genetically engineered immune cell therapies. Therefore, NK-based therapies, including NK cells, CAR-NK cells, and antibodies that induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of NK cells, have emerged. With recent advances in genetic engineering and cell biology techniques, NK cell-based therapies have become promising approaches for a wide range of cancers, viral infections, and senescence. This review provides a brief overview of NK cell characteristics and summarizes diseases that could benefit from NK-based therapies. In addition, we discuss recent preclinical and clinical investigations on the use of adoptive NK cell transfer and agents that can modulate NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Shin
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Bak
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Park
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Kim
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Ran Yoon
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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5
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Kim HW, Wang S, Davies AJ, Oh SB. The therapeutic potential of natural killer cells in neuropathic pain. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00133-9. [PMID: 37385878 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel disease-modifying treatments for neuropathic pain are urgently required. The cellular immune response to nerve injury represents a promising target for therapeutic development. Recently, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in both CNS and PNS disease has been the subject of growing interest. In this opinion article, we set out the case for NK cell-based intervention as a promising avenue for development in the management of neuropathic pain. We explore the potential cellular and molecular targets of NK cells in the PNS by contrasting with their reported functional roles in CNS diseases, and we suggest strategies for using the beneficial functions of NK cells and immune-based therapeutics in the context of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Woo Kim
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuaiwei Wang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander J Davies
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
| | - Seog Bae Oh
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, School of Dentistry, and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Kibler A, Seifert M, Budeus B. Age-related changes of the human splenic marginal zone B cell compartment. Immunol Lett 2023; 256-257:59-65. [PMID: 37044264 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we will summarize the growing body of knowledge on the age-related changes of human splenic B cell composition and molecular evidence of immune maturation and discuss the contribution of these changes on splenic protective function. From birth on, the splenic marginal zone (sMZ) contains a specialized B cell subpopulation, which recruits and archives memory B cells from immune responses throughout the organism. The quality of sMZ B cell responses is augmented by germinal center (GC)-dependent maturation of memory B cells during childhood, however, in old age, these mechanisms likely contribute to waning of splenic protective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kibler
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Seifert
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Bettina Budeus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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7
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Ng CK, Belz GT. Innate lymphoid cells: potential targets for cancer therapeutics. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:158-171. [PMID: 36357314 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) comprise a number of different subsets, including natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue-inducer (LTi) cells that express receptors and signaling pathways that are highly responsive to continuously changing microenvironmental cues. In this Review, we highlight the key features of innate cells that define their capacity to respond rapidly to different environments, how this ability can drive both tumor protection (limiting tumor development) or, alternatively, tumor progression, promoting tumor dissemination and resistance to immunotherapy. We discuss how understanding the regulation of ILCs that can detect tumor cells early in a response opens the possibility of exploiting this functional plasticity to develop rational therapeutic strategies to bolster adaptive immune responses and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ki Ng
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
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8
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Khalifa AM, Nakamura T, Sato Y, Sato T, Hyodo M, Hayakawa Y, Harashima H. Interval- and cycle-dependent combined effect of STING agonist loaded lipid nanoparticles and a PD-1 antibody. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122034. [PMID: 35863595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade combination to other drugs have attracted the interest of scientists for treating tumors resistant to PD-1 blockade. In this study, the impact of the interval, order of administration, and number of cycles of immunotherapeutic combination of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway agonist loaded lipid nanoparticle (STING-LNP) and PD-1 antibody for inducing the optimal combined antitumor activity against a melanoma lung metastasis is reported. One cycle had no effect, but two and three cycles resulted in a combinedantitumor effect. The interval between the administration was found to influence the induction of the combined effect. The second and third doses increased the gene expression of the NK cell activation marker, interferon γ (IFN-γ), PD-1 and a ligand of PD-1 (PD-L1), whereas the first dose failed. NK cells in the lung showed an increase in the expression of the activation markers and PD-1 after the second dose. The combined antitumor effect of this combination therapy against melanoma lung metastasis model could be dependent on the interval as well as the number of doses of STING-LNP.These findings suggest the importance of the protocol setting when combining a nano system loaded with an immune adjuvant and PD-1 antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Khalifa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takanori Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mamoru Hyodo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho Toyota, Aichi 470-0392, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
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9
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Zeng Y, Lv X, Du J. Natural killer cell‑based immunotherapy for lung cancer: Challenges and perspectives (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:232. [PMID: 34498710 PMCID: PMC8444189 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the marked success of molecular targeted therapy in lung cancer in this era of personalized medicine, its efficacy has been limited by the presence of resistance mechanisms. The prognosis of patients with lung cancer remains poor, and there is an unmet need to develop more effective therapies to improve clinical outcomes. The increasing insight into the human immune system has led to breakthroughs in immunotherapy and has prompted research interest in employing immunotherapy to treat lung cancer. Natural killer (NK) cells, which serve as the first line of defense against tumors, can induce the innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, the use of NK cells for the development of novel lung-cancer immunotherapy strategies is promising. A growing number of novel approaches that boost NK cell antitumor immunity and expand NK cell populations ex vivo now provide a platform for the development of antitumor immunotherapy. The present review outlined the biology of NK cells, summarized the role of NK cells in lung cancer and the effect of the tumor microenvironment on NK cells, highlighted the potential of NK cell-based immunotherapy as an effective therapeutic strategy for lung cancer and discussed future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhi Lv
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, P.R. China
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10
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Ma D, Liu S, Hu L, He Q, Shi W, Yan D, Cao Y, Zhang G, Wang Z, Wu J, Jiang C. Single-cell RNA sequencing identify SDCBP in ACE2-positive bronchial epithelial cells negatively correlates with COVID-19 severity. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7001-7012. [PMID: 34137173 PMCID: PMC8278084 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has resulted in many deaths throughout the world. It is vital to identify the novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets to assist with the subsequent diagnosis and treatment plan to mitigate the expansion of COVID‐19. Since angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)‐positive cells are hosts for COVID‐19, we focussed on this cell type to explore the underlying mechanisms of COVID‐19. In this study, we identified that ACE2‐positive cells from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with COVID‐19 belong to bronchial epithelial cells. Comparing with patients of COVID‐19 showing severe symptoms, the antigen processing and presentation pathway was increased and 12 typical genes, HLA‐DRB5, HLA‐DRB1, CD74, HLA‐DRA, HLA‐DPA1, HLA‐DQA1, HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HLA‐DPB1, HLA‐DQB1, HLA‐DQA2, and HLA‐DMA, particularly HLA‐DPB1, were obviously up‐regulated in ACE2‐positive bronchial epithelial cells of patients with mild disease. We further discovered SDCBP was positively correlated with above 12 genes particularly with HLA‐DPB1 in ACE2‐positive bronchial epithelial cells of COVID‐19 patients. Moreover, SDCBP may increase the immune infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells in different lung carcinoma. Moreover, we found the expression of SDCBP was positively correlated with the expression of antigen processing and presentation genes in post‐mortem lung biopsies tissues, which is consistent with previous discoveries. These results suggest that SDCBP has good potential to be further developed as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in the treatment of COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinyu He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongliang Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junhua Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Amniai L, Ple C, Barrier M, de Nadai P, Marquillies P, Vorng H, Chenivesse C, Tsicopoulos A, Duez C. Natural Killer Cells from Allergic Donors Are Defective in Their Response to CCL18 Chemokine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083879. [PMID: 33918621 PMCID: PMC8068884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells were originally described as cytolytic effector cells, but since then have been recognized to possess regulatory functions on immune responses. Chemokines locate NK cells throughout the body in homeostatic and pathological conditions. They may also directly stimulate immune cells. CCL18 is a constitutive and inducible chemokine involved in allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate CCL18’s effect on NK cells from allergic and nonallergic donors in terms of both chemotactic and immune effects. Results showed that CCL18 was able to induce migration of NK cells from nonallergic donors in a G-protein-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of a classical chemokine receptor from the family of seven-transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptors. In contrast, NK cells from allergic patients were unresponsive. Similarly, CCL18 was able to induce NK cell cytotoxicity only in nonallergic subjects. Purified NK cells did not express CCR8, one of the receptors described to be involved in CCL18 functions. Finally, the defect in CCL18 response by NK cells from allergic patients was unrelated to a defect in CCL18 binding to NK cells. Overall, our results suggest that some NK cell functions may be defective in allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latiffa Amniai
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Coline Ple
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Mathieu Barrier
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Patricia de Nadai
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Philippe Marquillies
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Han Vorng
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Cécile Chenivesse
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
- CHU Lille, Service de Pneumologie et Immuno-Allergologie, Centre de Compétence pour les Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Tsicopoulos
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
- CHU Lille, Service de Pneumologie et Immuno-Allergologie, Centre de Compétence pour les Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Catherine Duez
- U1019–UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (L.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (P.d.N.); (P.M.); (H.V.); (C.C.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Zhang H, He F, Li P, Hardwidge PR, Li N, Peng Y. The Role of Innate Immunity in Pulmonary Infections. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6646071. [PMID: 33553427 PMCID: PMC7847335 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6646071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Innate immunity forms a protective line of defense in the early stages of pulmonary infection. The primary cellular players of the innate immunity against respiratory infections are alveolar macrophages (AMs), dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, natural killer (NK) cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). They recognize conserved structures of microorganisms through membrane-bound and intracellular receptors to initiate appropriate responses. In this review, we focus on the prominent roles of innate immune cells and summarize transmembrane and cytosolic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling recognition mechanisms during pulmonary microbial infections. Understanding the mechanisms of PRR signal recognition during pulmonary pathogen infections will help us to understand pulmonary immunopathology and lay a foundation for the development of effective therapies to treat and/or prevent pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang He
- College of Animal Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Animal Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Animal Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Ferretti E, Carlomagno S, Pesce S, Muccio L, Obino V, Greppi M, Solari A, Setti C, Marcenaro E, Della Chiesa M, Sivori S. Role of the Main Non HLA-Specific Activating NK Receptors in Pancreatic, Colorectal and Gastric Tumors Surveillance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3705. [PMID: 33321719 PMCID: PMC7763095 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human NK cells can control tumor growth and metastatic spread thanks to their powerful cytolytic activity which relies on the expression of an array of activating receptors. Natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) NKG2D and DNAM-1 are those non-HLA-specific activating NK receptors that are mainly involved in sensing tumor transformation by the recognition of different ligands, often stress-induced molecules, on the surface of cancer cells. Tumors display several mechanisms aimed at dampening/evading NK-mediated responses, a relevant fraction of which is based on the downregulation of the expression of activating receptors and/or their ligands. In this review, we summarize the role of the main non-HLA-specific activating NK receptors, NCRs, NKG2D and DNAM-1, in controlling tumor growth and metastatic spread in solid malignancies affecting the gastrointestinal tract with high incidence in the world population, i.e., pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), colorectal cancer (CRC), and gastric cancer (GC), also describing the phenotypic and functional alterations induced on NK cells by their tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ferretti
- Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Simona Carlomagno
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Silvia Pesce
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Letizia Muccio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Valentina Obino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Marco Greppi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Agnese Solari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Chiara Setti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.M.); (V.O.); (M.G.); (A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES) and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Mariella Della Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES) and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Simona Sivori
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES) and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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14
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Nersesian S, Schwartz SL, Grantham SR, MacLean LK, Lee SN, Pugh-Toole M, Boudreau JE. NK cell infiltration is associated with improved overall survival in solid cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100930. [PMID: 33186888 PMCID: PMC7670197 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune landscape of a tumor is highly connected to patient prognosis and response to treatment, but little is known about how natural killer (NK) cells predict overall survival (OS) among patients with solid tumors. We present the first meta-analysis on NK cell infiltration into solid tumors as a prognostic indicator for OS, considering cancer types independently, and together. Samples were collected from 1973 to 2016 with results published between 1989 and 2020. From 53 studies, we found that NK cell infiltration corresponds with decreased risk of death (HR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.26-0.46; p<0.0001). Among studies that investigated the prognostic potential of NK cells in specific regions of the tumor, intraepithelial infiltration was better predictive of OS than NK infiltration in the tumor-adjacent stroma. Generally, NK cell infiltration is lower in advanced-stage and lower-grade tumors; nevertheless, it remains prognostically beneficial. This meta-analysis highlights an important prognostic role of NK cells in solid tumors, but exposes that few studies have considered the contributions of NK cells. Toward NK cell-based immunotherapies, it will be important to understand the conditions under which NK cells can be effective agents of tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nersesian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sarah L Schwartz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Stephanie R Grantham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Leah K MacLean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Stacey N Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Morgan Pugh-Toole
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jeanette E Boudreau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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15
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Li SS, Saleh M, Xiang RF, Ogbomo H, Stack D, Huston SH, Mody CH. Natural killer cells kill Burkholderia cepacia complex via a contact-dependent and cytolytic mechanism. Int Immunol 2020; 31:385-396. [PMID: 31051036 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), which includes B. cenocepacia and B. multivorans, pose a life-threatening risk to patients with cystic fibrosis. Eradication of Bcc is difficult due to the high level of intrinsic resistance to antibiotics, and failure of many innate immune cells to control the infection. Because of the pathogenesis of Bcc infections, we wondered if a novel mechanism of microbial host defense involving direct antibacterial activity by natural killer (NK) cells might play a role in the control of Bcc. We demonstrate that NK cells bound Burkholderia, resulting in Src family kinase activation as measured by protein tyrosine phosphorylation, granule release of effector proteins such as perforin and contact-dependent killing of the bacteria. These studies provide a means by which NK cells could play a role in host defense against Bcc infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Shun Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Alberta, Canada.,The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marwah Saleh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard F Xiang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Alberta, Canada.,The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Alberta, Canada
| | - Henry Ogbomo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Alberta, Canada.,The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Alberta, Canada
| | - Danuta Stack
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Alberta, Canada.,The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shaunna H Huston
- The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher H Mody
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Alberta, Canada.,The Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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16
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Calvani J, Terada M, Lesaffre C, Eloudzeri M, Lamarthée B, Burger C, Tinel C, Anglicheau D, Vermorel A, Couzi L, Loupy A, Duong Van Huyen JP, Bruneval P, Rabant M. In situ multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of the inflammatory burden in kidney allograft rejection: A new tool to characterize the alloimmune response. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:942-953. [PMID: 31715060 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The exact composition of leukocyte infiltration during kidney allograft rejection is difficult to comprehend and visualize on the same biopsy slide. Using an innovative technology of multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), we were able to detect simultaneously NK cells, macrophages, and T cells and to determine their intra- or extravascular localization using an endothelial marker. Twenty antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), 20 T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR), and five normal biopsies were labeled, with automatic leukocyte quantification and localization. This method was compared to a classic NKp46 immunohistochemistry (IHC) with manual quantification and to mRNA quantification. mIF automatic quantification was strongly correlated to IHC (r = .91, P < .001) and to mRNA expression levels (r > .46, P < .021). T cells and macrophages were the 2 predominant populations involved in rejection (48.0 ± 4.4% and 49.3 ± 4.4%, respectively, in ABMR; 51.8 ± 6.0% and 45.3 ± 5.8% in TCMR). NK cells constituted a rare population in both ABMR (2.7 ± 0.7%) and TCMR (2.9 ± 0.6%). The intravascular compartment was mainly composed of T cells, including during ABMR, in peritubular and glomerular capillaries. However, NK cell and macrophage densities were significantly higher during ABMR in glomerular and peritubular capillaries. To conclude, this study demonstrates the feasibility and utility of mIF imaging to study and better understand the kidney allograft rejection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Calvani
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Megumi Terada
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Maëva Eloudzeri
- Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,INSERM U1151, Paris, France
| | | | - Carole Burger
- INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Claire Tinel
- INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Dany Anglicheau
- INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Vermorel
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U5164, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lionel Couzi
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation, Dialysis and Apheresis, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U5164, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandre Loupy
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Duong Van Huyen
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- INSERM U970, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Marion Rabant
- Department of Pathology, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.,INSERM U1151, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Paris, France
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17
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Mikulak J, Oriolo F, Bruni E, Roberto A, Colombo FS, Villa A, Bosticardo M, Bortolomai I, Lo Presti E, Meraviglia S, Dieli F, Vetrano S, Danese S, Della Bella S, Carvello MM, Sacchi M, Cugini G, Colombo G, Klinger M, Spaggiari P, Roncalli M, Prinz I, Ravens S, di Lorenzo B, Marcenaro E, Silva-Santos B, Spinelli A, Mavilio D. NKp46-expressing human gut-resident intraepithelial Vδ1 T cell subpopulation exhibits high antitumor activity against colorectal cancer. JCI Insight 2019; 4:125884. [PMID: 31689241 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells account for a large fraction of human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) endowed with potent antitumor activities. However, little is known about their origin, phenotype, and clinical relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC). To determine γδ IEL gut specificity, homing, and functions, γδ T cells were purified from human healthy blood, lymph nodes, liver, skin, and intestine, either disease-free, affected by CRC, or generated from thymic precursors. The constitutive expression of NKp46 specifically identifies a subset of cytotoxic Vδ1 T cells representing the largest fraction of gut-resident IELs. The ontogeny and gut-tropism of NKp46+/Vδ1 IELs depends both on distinctive features of Vδ1 thymic precursors and gut-environmental factors. Either the constitutive presence of NKp46 on tissue-resident Vδ1 intestinal IELs or its induced expression on IL-2/IL-15-activated Vδ1 thymocytes are associated with antitumor functions. Higher frequencies of NKp46+/Vδ1 IELs in tumor-free specimens from CRC patients correlate with a lower risk of developing metastatic III/IV disease stages. Additionally, our in vitro settings reproducing CRC tumor microenvironment inhibited the expansion of NKp46+/Vδ1 cells from activated thymic precursors. These results parallel the very low frequencies of NKp46+/Vδ1 IELs able to infiltrate CRC, thus providing insights to either follow-up cancer progression or to develop adoptive cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Mikulak
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Oriolo
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Bruni
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federico S Colombo
- Humanitas Flow Cytometry Core, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Villa
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milan, Italy
| | - Marita Bosticardo
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Bortolomai
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), Division of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Lo Presti
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR) and.,Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Meraviglia
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR) and.,Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory for Advanced Diagnostic and Biomedical Research (CLADIBIOR) and.,Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies (DIBIMED), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Vetrano
- IBD Center, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Danese
- IBD Center, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Della Bella
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Klinger
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Plastic Surgery Unit, and
| | - Paola Spaggiari
- Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Roncalli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Colon and Rectal Surgery Unit.,Otorhinolaryngology Department.,Plastic Surgery Unit, and.,Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarina Ravens
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Biagio di Lorenzo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, and.,Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine and.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Spinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Colon and Rectal Surgery Unit
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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18
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Ardain A, Marakalala MJ, Leslie A. Tissue-resident innate immunity in the lung. Immunology 2019; 159:245-256. [PMID: 31670391 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung is a unique organ that must protect against inhaled pathogens and toxins, without mounting a disproportionate response against harmless particulate matter and without compromising its vital function. Tissue-resident immune cells within the lung provide local immunity and protection from infection but are also responsible for causing disease when dysregulated. There is a growing appreciation of the importance of tissue-resident memory T cells to lung immunity, but non-recirculating, tissue-resident, innate immune cells also exist. These cells provide the first line of defence against pulmonary infection and are essential for co-ordinating the subsequent adaptive response. In this review, we discuss the main lung-resident innate immune subsets and their functions in common pulmonary diseases, such as influenza, bacterial pneumonia, asthma and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ardain
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohlopheni J Marakalala
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
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19
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Abstract
Immuno-oncology is an emerging field that has revolutionized cancer treatment. Most immunomodulatory strategies focus on enhancing T cell responses, but there has been a recent surge of interest in harnessing the relatively underexplored natural killer (NK) cell compartment for therapeutic interventions. NK cells show cytotoxic activity against diverse tumour cell types, and some of the clinical approaches originally developed to increase T cell cytotoxicity may also activate NK cells. Moreover, increasing numbers of studies have identified novel methods for increasing NK cell antitumour immunity and expanding NK cell populations ex vivo, thereby paving the way for a new generation of anticancer immunotherapies. The role of other innate lymphoid cells (group 1 innate lymphoid cell (ILC1), ILC2 and ILC3 subsets) in tumours is also being actively explored. This Review provides an overview of the field and summarizes current immunotherapeutic approaches for solid tumours and haematological malignancies.
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20
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Bonaccorsi I, Spinelli D, Cantoni C, Barillà C, Pipitò N, De Pasquale C, Oliveri D, Cavaliere R, Carrega P, Benedetto F, Ferlazzo G. Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques Are Associated With Increased Infiltration of Natural Killer (NK) Cells and Higher Serum Levels of NK Activating Receptor Ligands. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1503. [PMID: 31354703 PMCID: PMC6639781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide array of immune cells, including lymphocytes, is known to be present and to play a pathogenetic role in atherosclerotic lesions. However, limited information is currently available regarding the presence of Natural Killer (NK) cell subsets within vessel plaque, and more in general, regarding their role in human atherosclerosis. We evaluated the distribution of NK cells in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques, dissecting asymptomatic and symptomatic patients (identified as affected by stroke, transient ischemic attack, or amaurosis fugax within 6 months) with the aim of shedding light on the putative contribution of NK cells to the pathogenic process that leads to plaque instability and subsequent clinical complications. We observed that carotid plaques were consistently infiltrated by NK cells and, among them, CD56brightperforinlow NK cells were abundantly present and displayed different markers of tissue residency (i.e., CD103 CD69 and CD49a). Interestingly, carotid atherosclerotic plaques of symptomatic patients showed a higher content of NK cells and an increased ratio between CD56brightperforinlow NK cells and their CD56dimperforinhigh counterpart. NK cells isolated from plaques of symptomatic patients were also stronger producers of IFN-γ. Analysis of the expression of NK activating receptor ligands (including MICA/B, ULBP-3, and B7-H6) in atherosclerotic carotid plaques revealed that they were abundantly expressed by a HLA-DR+CD11c+ myeloid cell population resident in the plaques. Remarkably, sera of symptomatic patients contained significant higher levels of soluble ligands for NK activating receptors. Our observations indicate that CD56bright NK cells accumulate within human atherosclerotic lesions and suggest a possible contribution of NK cells to the process determining plaque instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bonaccorsi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Research Center Cell Factory UniMe, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Spinelli
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Cantoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Barillà
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Narayana Pipitò
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia De Pasquale
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Oliveri
- Research Center Cell Factory UniMe, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Clinical Pathology Unit, University Hospital - A.O.U. Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cavaliere
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Research Center Cell Factory UniMe, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Clinical Pathology Unit, University Hospital - A.O.U. Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Carrega
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Research Center Cell Factory UniMe, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Benedetto
- Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Guido Ferlazzo
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Research Center Cell Factory UniMe, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Clinical Pathology Unit, University Hospital - A.O.U. Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
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21
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Abstract
The lungs, a special site that is frequently challenged by tumors, pathogens and other environmental insults, are populated by large numbers of innate immune cells. Among these, natural killer (NK) cells are gaining increasing attention. Recent studies have revealed that NK cells are heterogeneous populations consisting of distinct subpopulations with diverse characteristics, some of which are determined by their local tissue microenvironment. Most current information about NK cells comes from studies of NK cells from the peripheral blood of humans and NK cells from the spleen and bone marrow of mice. However, the functions and phenotypes of lung NK cells differ from those of NK cells in other tissues. Here, we provide an overview of human and mouse lung NK cells in the context of homeostasis, pathogenic infections, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer, mainly focusing on their phenotype, function, frequency, and their potential role in pathogenesis or immune defense. A comprehensive understanding of the biology of NK cells in the lungs will aid the development of NK cell-based immunotherapies for the treatment of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institue of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institue of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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22
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Almeida FF, Jacquelot N, Belz GT. Deconstructing deployment of the innate immune lymphocyte army for barrier homeostasis and protection. Immunol Rev 2019; 286:6-22. [PMID: 30294966 PMCID: PMC6446816 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The study of the immune system has shifted from a purely dichotomous separation between the innate and adaptive arms to one that is now highly complex and reshaping our ideas of how steady‐state health is assured. It is now clear that immune cells do not neatly fit into these two streams and immune homeostasis depends on continual dialogue between multiple lineages of the innate (including dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells, and unconventional lymphocytes) and adaptive (T and B lymphocytes) arms together with a finely tuned synergy between the host and microbes which is essential to ensure immune homeostasis. Innate lymphoid cells are critical players in this new landscape. Here, we discuss recent studies that have elucidated in detail the development of ILCs from their earliest progenitors and examine factors that influence their identification and ability to drive immune homeostasis and long‐term immune protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca F Almeida
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicolas Jacquelot
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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23
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Di Vito C, Mikulak J, Zaghi E, Pesce S, Marcenaro E, Mavilio D. NK cells to cure cancer. Semin Immunol 2019; 41:101272. [PMID: 31085114 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes able to mediate immune-surveillance and clearance of viral infected and tumor-transformed cells. Growing experimental and clinical evidence highlighted a dual role of NK cells either in the control of cancer development/progression or in promoting the onset of immune-suppressant tumor microenvironments. Indeed, several mechanisms of NK cell-mediated tumor escape have been described and these includes cancer-induced aberrant expression of activating and inhibitory receptors (i.e. NK cell immune checkpoints), impairments of NK cell migration to tumor sites and altered NK cell effector-functions. These phenomena highly contribute to tumor progression and metastasis formation. In this review, we discuss the latest insights on those NK cell receptors and related molecules that are currently being implemented in clinics either as possible prognostic factors or therapeutic targets to unleash NK cell anti-tumor effector-functions in vivo. Moreover, we address here the major recent advances in regard to the genetic modification and ex vivo expansion of anti-tumor specific NK cells used in innovative adoptive cellular transfer approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Di Vito
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mikulak
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Zaghi
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Italy.
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24
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Vujanovic L, Chuckran C, Lin Y, Ding F, Sander CA, Santos PM, Lohr J, Mashadi-Hossein A, Warren S, White A, Huang A, Kirkwood JM, Butterfield LH. CD56 dim CD16 - Natural Killer Cell Profiling in Melanoma Patients Receiving a Cancer Vaccine and Interferon-α. Front Immunol 2019; 10:14. [PMID: 30761123 PMCID: PMC6361792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate cytotoxic and immunoregulatory lymphocytes that have a central role in anti-tumor immunity and play a critical role in mediating cellular immunity in advanced cancer immunotherapies, such as dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. Our group recently tested a novel recombinant adenovirus-transduced autologous DC-based vaccine that simultaneously induces T cell responses against three melanoma-associated antigens for advanced melanoma patients. Here, we examine the impact of this vaccine as well as the subsequent systemic delivery of high-dose interferon-α2b (HDI) on the circulatory NK cell profile in melanoma patients. At baseline, patient NK cells, particularly those isolated from high-risk patients with no measurable disease, showed altered distribution of CD56dim CD16+ and CD56dim CD16− NK cell subsets, as well as elevated serum levels of immune suppressive MICA, TN5E/CD73 and tactile/CD96, and perforin. Surprisingly, patient NK cells displayed a higher level of activation than those from healthy donors as measured by elevated CD69, NKp44 and CCR7 levels, and enhanced K562 killing. Elevated cytolytic ability strongly correlated with increased representation of CD56dim CD16+ NK cells and amplified CD69 expression on CD56dim CD16+ NK cells. While intradermal DC immunizations did not significantly impact circulatory NK cell activation and distribution profiles, subsequent HDI injections enhanced CD56bright CD16− NK cell numbers when compared to patients that did not receive HDI. Phenotypic analysis of tumor-infiltrating NK cells showed that CD56dim CD16− NK cells are the dominant subset in melanoma tumors. NanoString transcriptomic analysis of melanomas resected at baseline indicated that there was a trend of increased CD56dim NK cell gene signature expression in patients with better clinical response. These data indicate that melanoma patient blood NK cells display elevated activation levels, that intra-dermal DC immunizations did not effectively promote systemic NK cell responses, that systemic HDI administration can modulate NK cell subset distributions and suggest that CD56dim CD16− NK cells are a unique non-cytolytic subset in melanoma patients that may associate with better patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazar Vujanovic
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christopher Chuckran
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yan Lin
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Fei Ding
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Cindy A Sander
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Patricia M Santos
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joel Lohr
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Sarah Warren
- NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andy White
- NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alan Huang
- NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - John M Kirkwood
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- University of Pittsburgh Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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25
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Pontarini E, Lucchesi D, Fossati-Jimack L, Coleby R, Tentorio P, Croia C, Bombardieri M, Mavilio D. NK cell recruitment in salivary glands provides early viral control but is dispensable for tertiary lymphoid structure formation. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:589-602. [PMID: 30575993 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5a1117-462rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary glands (SGs) represent a permissive site for several sialotropic viruses whose persistence is linked to the development of autoimmunity. Natural Killer (NK) cells play a key role in viral clearance but their involvement in viral infection control and in tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) development within SGs is unknown. By using an inducible model of TLS in the SGs of wild-type C57BL/6 mice, induced by the local delivery of a replication-defective adenovirus (AdV), we demonstrated that circulating NK cells are rapidly recruited to SGs and highly enrich the early inflammatory infiltrate prior to TLS development. NK cells migrating to SGs in response to AdV infection up-regulate NKp46, undergo proliferation, acquire cytotoxic potential, produce Granzyme-B and IFN-γ, and reduce viral load in the acute phase of the infection. Nonetheless, the selective depletion of both circulating and infiltrating NK cells in AdV-infected mice neither affect the development and frequency of TLS nor the onset of autoimmunity. These data demonstrate that, upon local viral delivery of AdV, peripheral NK cells homing to SGs can exert an early control of the viral infection but are dispensable for the formation of TLS and breach of immunologic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pontarini
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Alessandro Manzoni 113, I-20089, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Davide Lucchesi
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Liliane Fossati-Jimack
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rachel Coleby
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Paolo Tentorio
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Cristina Croia
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Alessandro Manzoni 113, I-20089, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Manzoni 113, 20089, Rozzano, Italy
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26
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High-Dimensional Single-Cell Analysis Identifies Organ-Specific Signatures and Conserved NK Cell Subsets in Humans and Mice. Immunity 2018; 49:971-986.e5. [PMID: 30413361 PMCID: PMC6269138 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) involved in antimicrobial and antitumoral responses. Several NK cell subsets have been reported in humans and mice, but their heterogeneity across organs and species remains poorly characterized. We assessed the diversity of human and mouse NK cells by single-cell RNA sequencing on thousands of individual cells isolated from spleen and blood. Unbiased transcriptional clustering revealed two distinct signatures differentiating between splenic and blood NK cells. This analysis at single-cell resolution identified three subpopulations in mouse spleen and four in human spleen, and two subsets each in mouse and human blood. A comparison of transcriptomic profiles within and between species highlighted the similarity of the two major subsets, NK1 and NK2, across organs and species. This unbiased approach provides insight into the biology of NK cells and establishes a rationale for the translation of mouse studies to human physiology and disease. scRNA-seq on spleen and blood NK cells reveals organ-specific signatures scRNA-seq reveals the heterogeneity of NK cells in the blood and spleen scRNA-seq on NK cells defines NK1 as human CD56dim and mouse CD27−CD11b+ NK cells scRNA-seq on NK cells defines NK2 as human CD56bright and mouse CD27+CD11b− NK cells
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27
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Finch DK, Stolberg VR, Ferguson J, Alikaj H, Kady MR, Richmond BW, Polosukhin VV, Blackwell TS, McCloskey L, Curtis JL, Freeman CM. Lung Dendritic Cells Drive Natural Killer Cytotoxicity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via IL-15Rα. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:1140-1150. [PMID: 29676596 PMCID: PMC6221577 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201712-2513oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Lung natural killer cells (NKs) kill a greater percentage of autologous lung parenchymal cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than in nonobstructed smokers. To become cytotoxic, NKs require priming, typically by dendritic cells (DCs), but whether priming occurs in the lungs in COPD is unknown. METHODS We used lung tissue and in some cases peripheral blood from patients undergoing clinically indicated resections to determine in vitro killing of CD326+ lung epithelial cells by isolated lung CD56+ NKs. We also measured the cytotoxicity of unprimed blood NKs after preincubation with lung DCs. To investigate mechanisms of DC-mediated priming, we used murine models of COPD induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure or by polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) deficiency, and blocked IL-15Rα (IL-15 receptor α subunit) trans-presentation by genetic and antibody approaches. RESULTS Human lung NKs killed isolated autologous lung epithelial cells; cytotoxicity was increased (P = 0.0001) in COPD, relative to smokers without obstruction. Similarly, increased lung NK cytotoxicity compared with control subjects was observed in CS-exposed mice and pIgR-/- mice. Blood NKs both from smokers without obstruction and subjects with COPD showed minimal epithelial cell killing, but in COPD, preincubation with lung DCs increased cytotoxicity. NKs were primed by CS-exposed murine DCs in vitro and in vivo. Inhibiting IL-15Rα trans-presentation eliminated NK priming both by murine CS-exposed DCs and by lung DCs from subjects with COPD. CONCLUSIONS Heightened NK cytotoxicity against lung epithelial cells in COPD results primarily from lung DC-mediated priming via IL-15 trans-presentation on IL-15Rα. Future studies are required to test whether increased NK cytotoxicity contributes to COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna K. Finch
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie R. Stolberg
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John Ferguson
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Henrih Alikaj
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mohamed R. Kady
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bradley W. Richmond
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lisa McCloskey
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey L. Curtis
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christine M. Freeman
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
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28
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Castriconi R, Carrega P, Dondero A, Bellora F, Casu B, Regis S, Ferlazzo G, Bottino C. Molecular Mechanisms Directing Migration and Retention of Natural Killer Cells in Human Tissues. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2324. [PMID: 30364222 PMCID: PMC6193061 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of data shows that Natural Killer (NK) cells are immune effectors exerting a potent cytolytic activity against tumors and virus infected cells. The discovery and characterization of several inhibitory and activating receptors unveiled most of the mechanisms allowing NK cells to spare healthy cells while selectively attacking abnormal tissues. Nevertheless, the mechanisms ruling NK cell subset recirculation among the different compartments of human body have only lately started to be investigated. This is particularly true for pathological settings such as tumors or infected tissues but also for para-physiological condition like pregnant human uterine mucosa. It is becoming evident that the microenvironment associated to a particular clinical condition can deeply influence the migratory capabilities of NK cells. In this review we describe the main mechanisms and stimuli known to regulate the expression of chemokine receptors and other molecules involved in NK cell homing to either normal or pathological/inflamed tissues, including tumors or organs such as lung and liver. We will also discuss the role played by the chemokine/chemokine receptor axes in the orchestration of physiological events such as NK cell differentiation, lymphoid organ retention/egress and recruitment to decidua during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Castriconi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Carrega
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dondero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Bellora
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casu
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Regis
- Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Guido Ferlazzo
- Dipartimento di Patologia Umana, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Bottino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.,Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS) Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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29
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Costa D, Venè R, Benelli R, Romairone E, Scabini S, Catellani S, Rebesco B, Mastracci L, Grillo F, Minghelli S, Loiacono F, Zocchi MR, Poggi A. Targeting the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Can Counteract the Inhibition of Natural Killer Cell Function Exerted by Colorectal Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1150. [PMID: 29910806 PMCID: PMC5992415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) present in the tumor microenvironment [usually named tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAF)] can exert immunosuppressive effects on T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes, favoring tumor immune escape. We have analyzed this mechanism in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and found that co-culture of NK cells with TAF can prevent the IL-2-mediated NKG2D upregulation. This leads to the impairment of NKG2D-mediated recognition of CRC cells, sparing the NK cell activation through DNAM1 or FcγRIIIA (CD16). In situ, TAF express detectable levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); thus, the therapeutic anti-EGFR humanized antibody cetuximab can trigger the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of TAF, through the engagement of FcγRIIIA on NK cells. Importantly, in the tumor, we found a lymphoid infiltrate containing NKp46+CD3- NK cells, enriched in CD16+ cells. This population, sorted and cultured with IL-2, could be triggered via CD16 and via NKG2D. Of note, ex vivo NKp46+CD3- cells were able to kill autologous TAF; in vivo, this might represent a control mechanism to reduce TAF-mediated regulatory effect on NK cell function. Altogether, these findings suggest that MSC from the neoplastic mucosa (TAF) of CRC patients can downregulate the immune cell recognition of CRC tumor cells. This immunosuppression can be relieved by the anti-EGFR antibody used in CRC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberta Venè
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Benelli
- Immunology Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Scabini
- Oncological Surgery, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Catellani
- Clinical Hematology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Rebesco
- Antiblastic Drug Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Unit of Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Unit of Pathology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Minghelli
- Clinical and Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Ospedale G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Maria Raffaella Zocchi
- Division of Immunology, Transplants and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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30
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Osman RA, Griebel PJ. CD335 (NKp46) + T-Cell Recruitment to the Bovine Upper Respiratory Tract during a Primary Bovine Herpesvirus-1 Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1393. [PMID: 29114252 PMCID: PMC5660870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine natural killer (NK) cells were originally defined by the NK activation receptor CD335 [natural killer cell p46-related protein (NKp46)], but following the discovery of NKp46 expression on human T-cells, the definition of conventional bovine NK cells was modified to CD335+CD3− cells. Recently, a bovine T-cell population co-expressing CD335 was identified and these non-conventional T-cells were shown to produce interferon (IFN)-γ and share functional properties with both conventional NK cells and T-cells. It is not known, however, if CD335+ bovine T-cells are recruited to mucosal surfaces and what chemokines play a role in recruiting this unique T-cell subpopulation. In this study, bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), which is closely related to herpes simplex virus-1, was used to investigate bovine lymphocyte cell populations recruited to the upper respiratory tract following a primary respiratory infection. Immunohistochemical staining with individual monoclonal antibodies revealed significant (P < 0.05) recruitment of CD335+, CD3+, and CD8+ lymphocyte populations to the nasal turbinates on day 5 following primary BHV-1 infection. Dual-color immunofluorescence revealed that cells recruited to nasal turbinates were primarily T-cells that co-expressed both CD335 and CD8. This non-conventional T-cell population represented 77.5% of CD355+ cells and 89.5% of CD8+ cells recruited to nasal turbinates on day 5 post-BHV-1 infection. However, due to diffuse IFN-γ staining of nasal turbinate tissue, it was not possible to directly link increased IFN-γ production following BHV-1 infection with the recruitment of non-conventional T-cells. Transcriptional analysis revealed CCL4, CCL5, and CXCL9 gene expression was significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated in nasal turbinate tissue following BHV-1 infection. Therefore, no single chemokine was associated with recruitment of non-conventional T-cells. In conclusion, the specific recruitment of CD335+ and CD8+ non-conventional T-cells to viral-infected tissue suggests that these cells may play an important role in either the clearance of a primary BHV-1 infection or regulating host responses during viral infection. The early recruitment of non-conventional T-cells following a primary viral infection may enable the host to recognize viral-infected cells through NKp46 while retaining the possibility of establishing T-cell immune memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahwa A Osman
- Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-Intervac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Philip John Griebel
- Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-Intervac), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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31
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García-Heredia JM, Carnero A. The cargo protein MAP17 (PDZK1IP1) regulates the immune microenvironment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98580-98597. [PMID: 29228712 PMCID: PMC5716752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex defensive response activated after various harmful stimuli allowing the clearance of damaged cells and initiating healing and regenerative processes. Chronic, or pathological, inflammation is also one of the causes of neoplastic transformation and cancer development. MAP17 is a cargo protein that transports membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, its overexpression may be linked to an excess of membrane proteins that may be recognized as an unwanted signal, triggering local inflammation. Therefore, we analyzed whether its overexpression is related to an inflammatory phenotype. In this work, we found a correlation between MAP17 expression and inflammatory phenotype in tumors and in other inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease, Barrett's esophagus, COPD or psoriasis. MAP17 expression correlated also with the markers of inflammation HLAs, BBS10, HERC2, ADNP and PYCARD. Furthermore, we found that MAP17 expression directly regulates NFAT2 and IL-6 activation, inducing the differentiation of monocytes to dendritic cells and suggesting a causal role of MAP17 in inflammation. Immunohistochemistry confirms local inflammation, mainly CD45+ cells, at the site of expression of MAP17, at least in tumors, Crohn's and psoriasis. Therefore, our data indicates that the overexpression of the protein MAP17 plays important role in diseases involving chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M García-Heredia
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain.,Department of Vegetal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain.,CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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32
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Björkström NK, Ljunggren HG, Michaëlsson J. Emerging insights into natural killer cells in human peripheral tissues. Nat Rev Immunol 2017; 16:310-20. [PMID: 27121652 DOI: 10.1038/nri.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have long been considered to be a homogenous population of innate lymphocytes with limited phenotypic and functional diversity. However, recent findings have revealed that these cells comprise a large number of distinct populations with diverse characteristics. Some of these characteristics may relate to their developmental origin, and others represent differences in differentiation that are influenced by factors such as tissue localization and imprints by viral infections. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging knowledge about the development, differentiation and function of human NK cell populations, with a particular focus on NK cells in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Pazina T, Shemesh A, Brusilovsky M, Porgador A, Campbell KS. Regulation of the Functions of Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors by Interactions with Diverse Ligands and Alterations in Splice Variant Expression. Front Immunol 2017; 8:369. [PMID: 28424697 PMCID: PMC5371597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) family is constituted by NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30 in humans, which are expressed mainly on natural killer (NK) cells and are encoded by the ncr1, ncr2, and ncr3 genes, respectively. NCRs have classically been defined as activating receptors that trigger cytotoxicity and cytokine responses by NK cells upon engaging with ligands on tumor cells. Several new findings, however, have challenged this model and identified alternative mechanisms regulating the function of NCRs. Recent reports indicate that ligand matters, since the interaction of NKp44 with distinct ligands on target cells can either activate or inhibit NK cells. Also, the NCRs have been found to interact with distinct specificities to various heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans, which are complex polysaccharides found in extracellular matrix or on cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). The NCRs can engage with HSPGs in trans as a co-ligand on the target cells or in cis on the NK cell surface to regulate receptor–ligand interactions and NK cell activation. A number of splice variants of ncr2 and ncr3 have also been identified, and a predominant expression of certain variants results in inhibitory signaling through NKp44 and NKp30. Several recent studies have found that the selective expression of some of these inhibitory splice variants can significantly influence outcome in the contexts of cancer, infection, and pregnancy. These findings establish that NCR functions are more diverse than originally thought, and better understanding of their splice variant expression profiles and ligand interactions are needed to establish their functional regulation in the context of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pazina
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Avishai Shemesh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Brusilovsky
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angel Porgador
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kerry S Campbell
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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34
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Carrega P, Ferlazzo G. Natural Killers Are Made Not Born: How to Exploit NK Cells in Lung Malignancies. Front Immunol 2017; 8:277. [PMID: 28348567 PMCID: PMC5346886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, progress has been made in the characterization of natural killer (NK) cells in lung malignancies, and we have now gained a better understanding of the frequency, localization, phenotype, and functional status of NK cells infiltrating these tumors. NK cell subset recruited in lung cancer is mainly capable of producing relevant cytokines rather than exerting direct cancer cell killing. Thus, the relevance of NK cells in tumor microenvironment might also go beyond the killing of tumor cells, being NK cells endowed with regulatory functions toward an ample array of immune effectors. Nevertheless, boosting their cytotoxic functions and redirecting the migration of cytotoxic NK cell subset to the tumor site might open new therapeutic avenues for lung cancer. Also, we believe that a deeper investigation into the impact of both conventional (e.g., chemotherapy) or new therapies (e.g., anti-immune checkpoints mAbs) on NK cell homeostasis in lung cancer patients is now required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Carrega
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Cell Factory Center, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Guido Ferlazzo
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biotherapy, Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Cell Factory Center, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Cell Therapy Program, University Hospital Policlinico G.Martino, Messina, Italy; Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Policlinico G.Martino, Messina, Italy
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35
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Hamilton CA, Mahan S, Bell CR, Villarreal-Ramos B, Charleston B, Entrican G, Hope JC. Frequency and phenotype of natural killer cells and natural killer cell subsets in bovine lymphoid compartments and blood. Immunology 2017; 151:89-97. [PMID: 28063176 PMCID: PMC5382329 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are widely distributed in lymphoid and non‐lymphoid tissues, but little is known about the recirculation of NK cells between blood and tissues. This is relevant to understanding recirculation in the steady‐state and also for determining the roles for NK cells in vaccine‐induced immunity and responses to infection. Therefore, the percentage of NK cells and their phenotype across peripheral blood, afferent lymph and lymph nodes in steady‐state conditions was investigated in cattle using the pseudo‐afferent lymphatic cannulation model. CD2+ CD25lo NK cells were the predominant subset of NK cells within the blood. In contrast, CD2− CD25hi NK cells were the main subset present within the skin‐draining afferent lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, indicating that CD2− NK cells are the principal NK cell subset trafficking to lymph nodes via the afferent lymphatic vessel. Furthermore, a low percentage of NK cells were present in efferent lymph, which were predominantly of the CD2− subset, indicating that NK cells can egress from lymph nodes and return to circulation in steady‐state conditions. These compartmentalization data indicate that NK cells represent a population of recirculating lymphocytes in steady‐state conditions and therefore may be important during immune responses to vaccination or infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gary Entrican
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.,Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Midlothian, UK
| | - Jayne C Hope
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
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36
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Vély F, Barlogis V, Vallentin B, Neven B, Piperoglou C, Ebbo M, Perchet T, Petit M, Yessaad N, Touzot F, Bruneau J, Mahlaoui N, Zucchini N, Farnarier C, Michel G, Moshous D, Blanche S, Dujardin A, Spits H, Distler JHW, Ramming A, Picard C, Golub R, Fischer A, Vivier E. Evidence of innate lymphoid cell redundancy in humans. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:1291-1299. [PMID: 27618553 PMCID: PMC5074366 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have potent immune functions in experimental conditions in mice, but their contribution to immunity in natural conditions in humans remains unclear. We investigated the presence of ILCs in a cohort of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). All ILC subsets were absent in SCID patients carrying mutations of IL2RG or JAK3. T cell reconstitution was observed in SCID patients upon hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but the patients still exhibited drastic reduction of ILCs in the absence of myeloablation, at the exception of rare cases of ILC1 reconstitution. Remarkably, the observed ILC deficiencies were not associated with any particular susceptibility to disease, with a follow-up extending from 7 to 39 years after HSCT. We thus report here the first cases of selective ILC deficiency in humans, and show that ILCs may be dispensable in natural conditions, if T cells are present and B cell function is preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Vély
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Service d'Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Barlogis
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Marseille, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Vallentin
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Marseille, France
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Piperoglou
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Service d'Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Mikael Ebbo
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Médecine Interne, Marseille, France
| | - Thibaut Perchet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Lymphopoièse, INSERM, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Petit
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Lymphopoièse, INSERM, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Yessaad
- MI-mAbs consortium, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Fabien Touzot
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Biotherapy Unit, Paris, France
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Service d'anatomopathologie, Paris, France
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Gérard Michel
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Marseille, France
| | - Despina Moshous
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France
| | | | - Hergen Spits
- Academic Medical Center at the University of Amsterdam, Arizona Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology &Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology &Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Capucine Picard
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Golub
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Lymphopoièse, INSERM, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,APHP, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Paris, France.,College de France, Paris, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital de la Conception, Service d'Immunologie, Marseille, France
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37
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Shirshev SV, Nekrasova IV, Orlova EG, Gorbunova OL. Roles of leptin and ghrelin in the regulation of the phenotype and cytokine production by NK cells from peripheral blood. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2016; 470:249-252. [PMID: 27822754 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496616050136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Both leptin and ghrelin used separately at the concentrations corresponding to trimesters II-III of pregnancy increase the number of CD56bright NK cells in mononuclear cell suspension; their combination also enhances the L-selectin expression on the surface of these cells in the culture. These hormones do not affect the production of TGF-β1, IL-17А, or IFN-γ by NK cells, and they inhibit the production of IL-10. Leptin decreses the IL-4 production by NKp46+ cells, but the presence of ghrelin abrogates this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Shirshev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, 614081, Russia.
| | - I V Nekrasova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, 614081, Russia
| | - E G Orlova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, 614081, Russia
| | - O L Gorbunova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Perm, 614081, Russia
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38
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Mair KH, Stadler M, Talker SC, Forberg H, Storset AK, Müllebner A, Duvigneau JC, Hammer SE, Saalmüller A, Gerner W. Porcine CD3(+)NKp46(+) Lymphocytes Have NK-Cell Characteristics and Are Present in Increased Frequencies in the Lungs of Influenza-Infected Animals. Front Immunol 2016; 7:263. [PMID: 27471504 PMCID: PMC4943943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD3−NKp46+ phenotype is frequently used for the identification of natural killer (NK) cells in various mammalian species. Recently, NKp46 expression was analyzed in more detail in swine. It could be shown that besides CD3−NKp46+ lymphocytes, a small but distinct population of CD3+NKp46+ cells exists. In this study, we report low frequencies of CD3+NKp46+ lymphocytes in blood, lymph nodes, and spleen, but increased frequencies in non-lymphatic organs, like liver and lung. Phenotypic analyses showed that the majority of CD3+NKp46+ cells coexpressed the CD8αβ heterodimer, while a minor subset expressed the TCR-γδ, which was associated with a CD8αα+ phenotype. Despite these T-cell associated receptors, the majority of CD3+NKp46+ lymphocytes displayed a NK-related phenotype (CD2+CD5−CD6−CD16+perforin+) and expressed mRNA of NKp30, NKp44, and NKG2D at similar levels as NK cells. Functional tests showed that CD3+NKp46+ lymphocytes produced IFN-γ and proliferated upon cytokine stimulation to a similar extent as NK cells, but did not respond to the T-cell mitogen, ConA. Likewise, CD3+NKp46+ cells killed K562 cells with an efficiency comparable to NK cells. Cross-linking of NKp46 and CD3 led to degranulation of CD3+NKp46+ cells, indicating functional signaling pathways for both receptors. Additionally, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-infected pigs had reduced frequencies of CD3+NKp46+ lymphocytes in blood, but increased frequencies in the lung in the early phase of infection. Thus, CD3+NKp46+ cells appear to be involved in the early phase of influenza infections. In summary, we describe a lymphocyte population in swine with a mixed phenotype of NK and T cells, with results so far indicating that this cell population functionally resembles NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin H Mair
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Maria Stadler
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Stephanie C Talker
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Hilde Forberg
- Department of Laboratory Services, Norwegian Veterinary Institute , Oslo , Norway
| | - Anne K Storset
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , Oslo , Norway
| | - Andrea Müllebner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - J Catharina Duvigneau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Sabine E Hammer
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Armin Saalmüller
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Wilhelm Gerner
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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39
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Melsen JE, Lugthart G, Lankester AC, Schilham MW. Human Circulating and Tissue-Resident CD56(bright) Natural Killer Cell Populations. Front Immunol 2016; 7:262. [PMID: 27446091 PMCID: PMC4927633 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two human natural killer (NK) cell subsets are usually distinguished, displaying the CD56dimCD16+ and the CD56brightCD16−/+ phenotype. This distinction is based on NK cells present in blood, where the CD56dim NK cells predominate. However, CD56bright NK cells outnumber CD56dim NK cells in the human body due to the fact that they are predominant in peripheral and lymphoid tissues. Interestingly, within the total CD56bright NK cell compartment, a major phenotypical and functional diversity is observed, as demonstrated by the discovery of tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells in the uterus, liver, and lymphoid tissues. Uterus-resident CD56bright NK cells express CD49a while the liver- and lymphoid tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells are characterized by co-expression of CD69 and CXCR6. Tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells have a low natural cytotoxicity and produce little interferon-γ upon monokine stimulation. Their distribution and specific phenotype suggest that the tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells exert tissue-specific functions. In this review, we examine the CD56bright NK cell diversity by discussing the distribution, phenotype, and function of circulating and tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells. In addition, we address the ongoing debate concerning the developmental relationship between circulating CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells and speculate on the position of tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells. We conclude that distinguishing tissue-resident CD56bright NK cells from circulating CD56bright NK cells is a prerequisite for the better understanding of the specific role of CD56bright NK cells in the complex process of human immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine E Melsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Lugthart
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
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40
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Lugthart G, Melsen JE, Vervat C, van Ostaijen-Ten Dam MM, Corver WE, Roelen DL, van Bergen J, van Tol MJD, Lankester AC, Schilham MW. Human Lymphoid Tissues Harbor a Distinct CD69+CXCR6+ NK Cell Population. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:78-84. [PMID: 27226093 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of human NK cells is based primarily on conventional CD56(bright) and CD56(dim) NK cells from blood. However, most cellular immune interactions occur in lymphoid organs. Based on the coexpression of CD69 and CXCR6, we identified a third major NK cell subset in lymphoid tissues. This population represents 30-60% of NK cells in marrow, spleen, and lymph node but is absent from blood. CD69(+)CXCR6(+) lymphoid tissue NK cells have an intermediate expression of CD56 and high expression of NKp46 and ICAM-1. In contrast to circulating NK cells, they have a bimodal expression of the activating receptor DNAX accessory molecule 1. CD69(+)CXCR6(+) NK cells do not express the early markers c-kit and IL-7Rα, nor killer cell Ig-like receptors or other late-differentiation markers. After cytokine stimulation, CD69(+)CXCR6(+) NK cells produce IFN-γ at levels comparable to CD56(dim) NK cells. They constitutively express perforin but require preactivation to express granzyme B and exert cytotoxicity. After hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CD69(+)CXCR6(+) lymphoid tissue NK cells do not exhibit the hyperexpansion observed for both conventional NK cell populations. CD69(+)CXCR6(+) NK cells constitute a separate NK cell population with a distinct phenotype and function. The identification of this NK cell population in lymphoid tissues provides tools to further evaluate the cellular interactions and role of NK cells in human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertjan Lugthart
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands;
| | - Janine E Melsen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Carly Vervat
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | | | - Willem E Corver
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; and
| | - Dave L Roelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van Bergen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten J D van Tol
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands
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41
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Ehling S, Roßbach K, Dunston SM, Stark H, Bäumer W. Allergic inflammation is augmented via histamine H4 receptor activation: The role of natural killer cells in vitro and in vivo. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 83:106-15. [PMID: 27155791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural Killer cells (NK cells) are identified as pivotal mediators in allergic skin diseases and accumulate in lesions of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Histamine levels are increased in these lesions and histamine is involved in chemotaxis in dendritic cells and NK cells. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if the histamine H4 receptor (H4R) mediates NK cell chemotaxis and whether it influences interplay between NK cells and dendritic cells during the early phase of allergic inflammation. METHODS Chemotactic function of the H4R as well as the influence of the H4R on the cytokine profile of an NK cell-dendritic cell co-culture was studied in vitro. The effect of H4R activation on NK cell migration, NK cell-dendritic cell interaction and cytokine levels in the skin was further characterized in the murine TDI model of allergic dermatitis. Additionally, the impact of the H4R on dermal NK cells was determined in the ovalbumin (OVA)- induced allergic dermatitis model, comparing wild type and H4R knockout mice. RESULTS The selective H4R agonist ST-1006 induced NK cell chemotaxis in vitro, which was inhibited with the H4R antagonist JNJ7777120. In vivo, mice treated with TDI plus ST-1006 topically onto the ear, showed significantly enhanced ear swelling and an increased number of NK cells compared to just allergen challenged ears. CCL17 levels in the ear were also significantly increased 8h after allergen challenge. Histology revealed that the main source for increased CCL17 were dendritic cells. These effects could be blocked using the H4R antagonist JNJ7777120. In the chronic model of allergic dermatitis, OVA induced NK cell migration into lesional skin sites. The number of NK cells was lower in OVA-sensitized H4R knockout mice compared to wild type mice. CONCLUSIONS These results identify the H4R as a new target controlling NK cell migration and NK cell-dendritic cell interaction in the skin during early allergic inflammation. These results further suggest that blocking the H4R in the skin might be beneficial in diseases like AD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Chemokine CCL17/metabolism
- Chemotaxis/drug effects
- Coculture Techniques
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/metabolism
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Histamine/metabolism
- Humans
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Ovalbumin
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine/genetics
- Receptors, Histamine/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine H4
- Skin/cytology
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/metabolism
- Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ehling
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, NC, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
| | - Kristine Roßbach
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Stanley M Dunston
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, NC, USA.
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Bäumer
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, NC, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
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42
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Yawata N, Selva KJ, Liu YC, Tan KP, Lee AWL, Siak J, Lan W, Vania M, Arundhati A, Tong L, Li J, Mehta JS, Yawata M. Dynamic change in natural killer cell type in the human ocular mucosa in situ as means of immune evasion by adenovirus infection. Mucosal Immunol 2016; 9:159-70. [PMID: 26080707 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The most severe form of virus-induced inflammation at the ocular surface is epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), often caused by group D human adenoviruses (HAdVs). We investigated the dynamics and mechanisms of changes in natural killer (NK) cell types in the human ocular mucosal surface in situ over the course of infection. In the acute phase of infection, the mature CD56(dim)NK cells that comprise a major subpopulation in the normal human conjunctiva are replaced by CD56(bright)NK cells recruited to the ocular surface by chemokines produced by the infected epithelium, and NKG2A-expressing CD56(dim) and CD56(bright) NK cells become the major subpopulations in severe inflammation. These NK cells attracted to the mucosal surface are however incapable of mounting a strong antiviral response because of upregulation of the inhibitory ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E) on infected epithelium. Furthermore, group D HAdVs downregulate ligands for activating NK cell receptors, thus rendering even the mature NKG2A(-)NK cells unresponsive, an immune-escape mechanism distinct from other adenoviruses. Our findings imply that the EKC-causing group D HAdVs utilize these multiple pathways to inhibit antiviral NK cell responses in the initial stages of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yawata
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - K J Selva
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y-C Liu
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K P Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - A W L Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Siak
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W Lan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Vania
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Arundhati
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Tong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loon Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Li
- Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J S Mehta
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loon Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Yawata
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loon Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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43
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Ebbo M, Audonnet S, Grados A, Benarous L, Mahevas M, Godeau B, Viallard JF, Piperoglou C, Cognet C, Farnarier C, Harlé JR, Schleinitz N, Vély F. NK cell compartment in the peripheral blood and spleen in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. Clin Immunol 2015; 177:18-28. [PMID: 26598010 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a disease characterized by antibody-mediated platelet destruction. The T- and B-cell subsets have been extensively studied in primary ITP, but the NK cell compartment has been less thoroughly explored. We investigated the NK cell receptor repertoire and the functionality of NK cells in the peripheral blood and spleen in patients with primary ITP. An immunophenotypic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients revealed that the numbers of CD19+ B lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD3-CD56+ NK cells were within the normal range. No major alteration to the expression of distinct inhibitory or activating NK cell receptors was observed. The functionality of NK cells, as evaluated by their ability to degranulate in conditions of natural cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC), was preserved in these patients. By contrast, these stimuli induced lower levels of IFNγ production by the NK cells of ITP patients than by those of healthy controls. We then compared the splenic NK cell functions of ITP patients with those of cadaveric heart-beating donors (CHBD) as controls. The splenic NK cells of ITP patients tended to be less efficient in natural cytotoxicity conditions and more efficient in ADCC conditions than control splenic NK cells. Finally, we found that infusions of intravenous immunoglobulin led to the inhibition of NK cell activation through the modulation of the interface between target cells and NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ebbo
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Timone Adulte, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - S Audonnet
- Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - A Grados
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Timone Adulte, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - L Benarous
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Timone Adulte, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M Mahevas
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center For Adult Immune Cytopenias, Henri-Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 51 Av. du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil cedex, France
| | - B Godeau
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Referral Center For Adult Immune Cytopenias, Henri-Mondor University Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 51 Av. du Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil cedex, France
| | - J F Viallard
- Département de Médecine Interne, CHU de Bordeaux-GH Sud, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque 1 avenue Magellan, 33604 Pessac cedex, France
| | - C Piperoglou
- Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - C Cognet
- Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - C Farnarier
- Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - J R Harlé
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Timone Adulte, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - N Schleinitz
- Département de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Timone Adulte, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - F Vély
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille University UM2, Inserm, U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France; Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France.
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44
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Messaoudene M, Périer A, Fregni G, Neves E, Zitvogel L, Cremer I, Chanal J, Sastre-Garau X, Deschamps L, Marinho E, Larousserie F, Maubec E, Avril MF, Caignard A. Characterization of the Microenvironment in Positive and Negative Sentinel Lymph Nodes from Melanoma Patients. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26218530 PMCID: PMC4517810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanomas are aggressive skin tumors characterized by high metastatic potential. Our previous results indicate that Natural Killer (NK) cells may control growth of melanoma. The main defect of blood NK cells was a decreased expression of activating NCR1/NKp46 receptor and a positive correlation of NKp46 expression with disease outcome in stage IV melanoma patients was found. In addition, in stage III melanoma patients, we identified a new subset of mature NK cells in macro-metastatic Lymph nodes (LN). In the present studies, we evaluated the numbers of NK cells infiltrating primary cutaneous melanoma and analyzed immune cell subsets in a series of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN). First, we show that NKp46+ NK cells infiltrate primary cutaneous melanoma. Their numbers were related to age of patients and not to Breslow thickness. Then, a series of patients with tumor-negative or -positive sentinel lymph nodes matched for Breslow thickness of the cutaneous melanoma was constituted. We investigated the distribution of macrophages (CD68), endothelial cells, NK cells, granzyme B positive (GrzB+) cells and CD8+ T cells in the SLN. Negative SLN (SLN-) were characterized by frequent adipose involution and follicular hyperplasia compared to positive SLN (SLN+). High densities of macrophages and endothelial cells (CD34), prominent in SLN+, infiltrate SLN and may reflect a tumor favorable microenvironment. Few but similar numbers of NK and GrzB+ cells were found in SLN- and SLN+: NK cells and GrzB+ cells were not correlated. Numerous CD8+ T cells infiltrated SLN with a trend for higher numbers in SLN-. Moreover, CD8+ T cells and GrzB+ cells correlated in SLN- not in SLN+. We also observed that the numbers of CD8+ T cells negatively correlated with endothelial cells in SLN-. The numbers of NK, GrzB+ or CD8+ T cells had no significant impact on overall survival. However, we found that the 5 year-relapse rate was higher in SLN with higher numbers of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Messaoudene
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Périer
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Giulia Fregni
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Neves
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Cremer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15, rue de l'école de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Johan Chanal
- APHP, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Lydia Deschamps
- APHP, Department of Dermatology and Department of Pathology, Hospital Bichat, University Paris Diderot, Hospital Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo Marinho
- APHP, Department of Dermatology and Department of Pathology, Hospital Bichat, University Paris Diderot, Hospital Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Frederique Larousserie
- APHP, Department of Pathology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Eve Maubec
- APHP, Department of Dermatology and Department of Pathology, Hospital Bichat, University Paris Diderot, Hospital Bichat, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- APHP, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Anne Caignard
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
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45
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Busman-Sahay KO, Walrath T, Huber S, O'Connor W. Cytokine crowdsourcing: multicellular production of TH17-associated cytokines. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 97:499-510. [PMID: 25548251 PMCID: PMC5477895 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3ru0814-386r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the 2 decades since its discovery, IL-17A has become appreciated for mounting robust, protective responses against bacterial and fungal pathogens. When improperly regulated, however, IL-17A can play a profoundly pathogenic role in perpetuating inflammation and has been linked to a wide variety of debilitating diseases. IL-17A is often present in a composite milieu that includes cytokines produced by TH17 cells (i.e., IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, and IL-26) or associated with other T cell lineages (e.g., IFN-γ). These combinatorial effects add mechanistic complexity and more importantly, contribute differentially to disease outcome. Whereas TH17 cells are among the best-understood cell types that secrete IL-17A, they are frequently neither the earliest nor dominant producers. Indeed, non-TH17 cell sources of IL-17A can dramatically alter the course and severity of inflammatory episodes. The dissection of the temporal regulation of TH17-associated cytokines and the resulting net signaling outcomes will be critical toward understanding the increasingly intricate role of IL-17A and TH17-associated cytokines in disease, informing our therapeutic decisions. Herein, we discuss important non-TH17 cell sources of IL-17A and other TH17-associated cytokines relevant to inflammatory events in mucosal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen O Busman-Sahay
- *Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA; and Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Travis Walrath
- *Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA; and Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- *Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA; and Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - William O'Connor
- *Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York, USA; and Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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46
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Pampena MB, Levy EM. Natural killer cells as helper cells in dendritic cell cancer vaccines. Front Immunol 2015; 6:13. [PMID: 25674087 PMCID: PMC4309200 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine-based cancer immunotherapy has generated highly variable clinical results due to differing methods of vaccine preparation and variation in patient populations among other lesser factors. Moreover, these clinical responses do not necessarily correspond with the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes. Here, we review the participation of natural killer (NK) cells as alternative immune components that could cooperate in successful vaccination treatment. NK cells have been described as helper cells in dendritic cell-based cancer vaccines, but the role in other kinds of vaccination strategies (whole cells, peptide, or DNA-based vaccines) is poorly understood. In this article, we address the following issues regarding the role of NK cells in cancer vaccines: NK cell anti-tumor action sites, and the loci of NK cell interaction with other immune cells; descriptions of new data on the memory characteristics of NK cells described in infectious diseases; and finally phenotypical and functional changes after vaccination measured by immunomonitoring in preclinical and clinical settings.
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47
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Shirshev SV, Nekrasova IV, Zamorina SA, Gorbunova OL, Orlova EG, Maslennikova II. The role of pregnancy-associated hormones in regulation of expression of molecules responsible for NK cell functional activity. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2014; 457:261-4. [PMID: 25172597 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496614040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S V Shirshev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Goleva 13, Perm', 614081, Russia,
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48
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Mizuno S, Mikami Y, Kamada N, Handa T, Hayashi A, Sato T, Matsuoka K, Matano M, Ohta Y, Sugita A, Koganei K, Sahara R, Takazoe M, Hisamatsu T, Kanai T. Cross-talk between RORγt+ innate lymphoid cells and intestinal macrophages induces mucosal IL-22 production in Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2014; 20:1426-34. [PMID: 24991784 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-22-producing RORγt innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a pivotal role in intestinal immunity. Recent reports demonstrated that ILCs contribute to mucosal protection and intestinal inflammation in mice. In humans, numbers of RORγt ILCs are significantly increased in the intestine of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), suggesting that ILCs may be associated with intestinal inflammation in CD. However, the mechanism by which ILCs are regulated in the intestine of patients with CD is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the activation mechanism of intestinal ILCs in patients with CD. METHODS CD45 lineage marker ILCs were isolated from intestinal lamina propria of patients with CD. ILCs were then subdivided into 4 distinct populations based on the expression of CD56 and CD127. Purified ILC subsets were cocultured with intestinal CD14 macrophages, and IL-22 production was evaluated. RESULTS CD127CD56 and CD127CD56 ILC, but not CD127CD56 or CD127CD56 ILC, subsets expressed RORγt and produced IL-22. IL-22 production by these ILC subsets was enhanced when ILCs were cocultured with intestinal macrophages. IL-23 or cell-to-cell contact was required for macrophage-mediated activation of ILCs. IL-22 production by ILCs was perturbed in inflamed mucosa compared with noninflamed mucosa. IL-22 induced the expression of Reg1α and Claudin-1 in human intestinal epithelial organoids. CONCLUSIONS RORγt ILCs might enhance mucosal barrier function through the upregulation of Reg1α through production of IL-22. Although CD14 macrophages augment intestinal inflammation in patients with CD, macrophages also promote a negative feedback pathway through the activation of IL-22 production by RORγt ILCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinta Mizuno
- *Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, and †Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; ‡Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; §Life Science of Medical Bio Science, Waseda University School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Tokyo, Japan; ‖Department of Surgery, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan; and ¶Coloproctology Center of Social Health Insurance Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Freud AG, Yu J, Caligiuri MA. Human natural killer cell development in secondary lymphoid tissues. Semin Immunol 2014; 26:132-7. [PMID: 24661538 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
For nearly a decade it has been appreciated that critical steps in human natural killer (NK) cell development likely occur outside of the bone marrow and potentially necessitate distinct microenvironments within extramedullary tissues. The latter include the liver and gravid uterus as well as secondary lymphoid tissues such as tonsils and lymph nodes. For as yet unknown reasons these tissues are naturally enriched with NK cell developmental intermediates (NKDI) that span a maturation continuum starting from an oligopotent CD34(+)CD45RA(+) hematopoietic precursor cell to a cytolytic mature NK cell. Indeed despite the detection of NKDI within the aforementioned tissues, relatively little is known about how, why, and when these tissues may be most suited to support NK cell maturation and how this process fits in with other components of the human immune system. With the discovery of other innate lymphoid subsets whose immunophenotypes overlap with those of NKDI, there is also need to revisit and potentially re-characterize the basic immunophenotypes of the stages of the human NK cell developmental pathway in vivo. In this review, we provide an overview of human NK cell development in secondary lymphoid tissues and discuss the many questions that remain to be answered in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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50
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Carrega P, Bonaccorsi I, Di Carlo E, Morandi B, Paul P, Rizzello V, Cipollone G, Navarra G, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Ferlazzo G. CD56(bright)perforin(low) noncytotoxic human NK cells are abundant in both healthy and neoplastic solid tissues and recirculate to secondary lymphoid organs via afferent lymph. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:3805-15. [PMID: 24646734 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As limited information is available regarding the distribution and trafficking of NK cells among solid organs, we have analyzed a wide array of tissues derived from different human compartments. NK cells were widely distributed in most solid tissues, although their amount varied significantly depending on the tissue/organ analyzed. Interestingly, the distribution appeared to be subset specific, as some tissues were preferentially populated by CD56(bright)perforin(low) NK cells, with others by the CD56(dim)perforin(high) cytotoxic counterpart. Nevertheless, most tissues were highly enriched in CD56(bright)perforin(low) cells, and the distribution of NK subsets appeared in accordance with tissue gene expression of chemotactic factors, for which receptors are differently represented in the two subsets. Remarkably, chemokine expression pattern of tissues was modified after neoplastic transformation. As a result, although the total amount of NK cells infiltrating the tissues did not significantly change upon malignant transformation, the relative proportion of NK subsets infiltrating the tissues was different, with a trend toward a tumor-infiltrating NK population enriched in noncytotoxic cells. Besides solid tissues, CD56(bright)perforin(low) NK cells were also detected in seroma fluids, which represents an accrual of human afferent lymph, indicating that they may leave peripheral solid tissues and recirculate to secondary lymphoid organs via lymphatic vessels. Our results provide a comprehensive mapping of NK cells in human tissues, demonstrating that discrete NK subsets populate and recirculate through most human tissues and that organ-specific chemokine expression patterns might affect their distribution. In this context, chemokine switch upon neoplastic transformation might represent a novel mechanism of tumor immune escape.
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