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Kwiatkowska KM, Anticoli S, Salvioli S, Calzari L, Gentilini D, Albano C, Di Prinzio RR, Zaffina S, Carsetti R, Ruggieri A, Garagnani P. B Cells Isolated from Individuals Who Do Not Respond to the HBV Vaccine Are Characterized by Higher DNA Methylation-Estimated Aging Compared to Responders. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:880. [PMID: 39204006 PMCID: PMC11360008 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12080880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are a high-risk group for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Notably, about 5-10% of the general population does not respond to the HBV vaccination. In this study, we aimed to investigate DNA methylation (DNAm) in order to estimate the biological age of B cells from HCW of both sexes, either responder (R) or non-responder (NR), to HBV vaccination. We used genome-wide DNA methylation data to calculate a set of biomarkers in B cells collected from 41 Rs and 30 NRs between 22 and 62 years old. Unresponsiveness to HBV vaccination was associated with accelerated epigenetic aging (DNAmAge, AltumAge, DunedinPoAm) and was accompanied by epigenetic drift. Female non-responders had higher estimates of telomere length and lower CRP inflammation risk score when compared to responders. Overall, epigenetic differences between responders and non-responders were more evident in females than males. In this study we demonstrated that several methylation DNAm-based clocks and biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of non-response to HBV vaccination, particularly in females. Based on these results, we propose that accelerated epigenetic age could contribute to vaccine unresponsiveness. These insights may help improve the evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccination strategies, especially among HCWs and vulnerable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona Anticoli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Center for Gender Specific Medicine, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciano Calzari
- Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy; (L.C.)
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20095 Cusano Milanino, Italy; (L.C.)
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Christian Albano
- Immunology Research Area, B Cell Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy (R.C.)
| | - Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio
- Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy (S.Z.)
| | - Salvatore Zaffina
- Occupational Medicine/Health Technology Assessment and Safety Research Unit, Clinical-Technological Innovations Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy (S.Z.)
| | - Rita Carsetti
- Immunology Research Area, B Cell Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy (R.C.)
| | - Anna Ruggieri
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Center for Gender Specific Medicine, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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2
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Dallan B, Proietto D, De Laurentis M, Gallerani E, Martino M, Ghisellini S, Zurlo A, Volpato S, Govoni B, Borghesi M, Albanese V, Appay V, Bonnini S, Llewellyn-Lacey S, Pacifico S, Grumiro L, Brandolini M, Semprini S, Sambri V, Ladell K, Parry HM, Moss PAH, Price DA, Caputo A, Gavioli R, Nicoli F. Age differentially impacts adaptive immune responses induced by adenoviral versus mRNA vaccines against COVID-19. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:1121-1136. [PMID: 38918602 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00644-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Adenoviral and mRNA vaccines encoding the viral spike (S) protein have been deployed globally to contain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Older individuals are particularly vulnerable to severe infection, probably reflecting age-related changes in the immune system, which can also compromise vaccine efficacy. It is nonetheless unclear to what extent different vaccine platforms are impacted by immunosenescence. Here, we evaluated S protein-specific immune responses elicited by vaccination with two doses of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1-S and subsequently boosted with a single dose of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, comparing age-stratified participants with no evidence of previous infection with SARS-CoV-2. We found that aging profoundly compromised S protein-specific IgG titers and further limited S protein-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell immunity as a probable function of progressive erosion of the naive lymphocyte pool in individuals vaccinated initially with BNT162b2. Our results demonstrate that primary vaccination with ChAdOx1-S and subsequent boosting with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 promotes sustained immunological memory in older adults and potentially confers optimal protection against coronavirus disease 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Dallan
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide Proietto
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina De Laurentis
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gallerani
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mara Martino
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sara Ghisellini
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital St. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Amedeo Zurlo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Geriatrics Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Geriatrics Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Benedetta Govoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Geriatrics Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michela Borghesi
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Albanese
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Victor Appay
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5164, INSERM ERL 1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stefano Bonnini
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sian Llewellyn-Lacey
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Salvatore Pacifico
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Grumiro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Brandolini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Semprini
- Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Area Hub Laboratory, Cesena, Italy
| | - Vittorio Sambri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Microbiology, Greater Romagna Area Hub Laboratory, Cesena, Italy
| | - Kristin Ladell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Helen M Parry
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul A H Moss
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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3
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Papadatou I, Geropeppa M, Piperi C, Spoulou V, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG. Deciphering Immune Responses to Immunization via Transcriptional Analysis: A Narrative Review of the Current Evidence towards Personalized Vaccination Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7095. [PMID: 39000206 PMCID: PMC11240890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of vaccines has drastically reduced the mortality and morbidity of several diseases. Despite the great success of vaccines, the immunological processes involved in protective immunity are not fully understood and several issues remain to be elucidated. Recently, the advent of high-throughput technologies has enabled a more in-depth investigation of the immune system as a whole and the characterization of the interactions of numerous components of immunity. In the field of vaccinology, these tools allow for the exploration of the molecular mechanisms by which vaccines can induce protective immune responses. In this review, we aim to describe current data on transcriptional responses to vaccination, focusing on similarities and differences of vaccine-induced transcriptional responses among vaccines mostly in healthy adults, but also in high-risk populations, such as the elderly and children. Moreover, the identification of potential predictive biomarkers of vaccine immunogenicity, the effect of age on transcriptional response and future perspectives for the utilization of transcriptomics in the field of vaccinology will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Papadatou
- Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (M.G.); (V.S.)
- First Department of Pediatrics, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Geropeppa
- Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (M.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (A.G.P.)
| | - Vana Spoulou
- Immunobiology and Vaccinology Research Laboratory, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (I.P.); (M.G.); (V.S.)
- First Department of Pediatrics, “Aghia Sophia” Children’s Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Adamopoulos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (A.G.P.)
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (C.P.); (A.G.P.)
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Mulè MP, Martins AJ, Cheung F, Farmer R, Sellers BA, Quiel JA, Jain A, Kotliarov Y, Bansal N, Chen J, Schwartzberg PL, Tsang JS. Integrating population and single-cell variations in vaccine responses identifies a naturally adjuvanted human immune setpoint. Immunity 2024; 57:1160-1176.e7. [PMID: 38697118 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Multimodal single-cell profiling methods can capture immune cell variations unfolding over time at the molecular, cellular, and population levels. Transforming these data into biological insights remains challenging. Here, we introduce a framework to integrate variations at the human population and single-cell levels in vaccination responses. Comparing responses following AS03-adjuvanted versus unadjuvanted influenza vaccines with CITE-seq revealed AS03-specific early (day 1) response phenotypes, including a B cell signature of elevated germinal center competition. A correlated network of cell-type-specific transcriptional states defined the baseline immune status associated with high antibody responders to the unadjuvanted vaccine. Certain innate subsets in the network appeared "naturally adjuvanted," with transcriptional states resembling those induced uniquely by AS03-adjuvanted vaccination. Consistently, CD14+ monocytes from high responders at baseline had elevated phospho-signaling responses to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Our findings link baseline immune setpoints to early vaccine responses, with positive implications for adjuvant development and immune response engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Mulè
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit Farmer
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian A Sellers
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan A Quiel
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arjun Jain
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Kotliarov
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neha Bansal
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John S Tsang
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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5
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Zhang Y, Zhao L, Zhang J, Zhang X, Han S, Sun Q, Yao M, Pang B, Duan Q, Jiang X. Antibody and transcription landscape in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of elderly adults over 70 years of age with third dose of COVID-19 BBIBP-CorV and ZF2001 booster vaccine. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:11. [PMID: 38280989 PMCID: PMC10821575 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and extensive vaccination, it is important to explore the immune response of elderly adults to homologous and heterologous booster vaccines of COVID-19. At this point, we detected serum IgG antibodies and PBMC sample transcriptome profiles in 46 participants under 70 years old and 25 participants over 70 years old who received the third dose of the BBIBP-CorV and ZF2001 vaccines. RESULTS On day 7, the antibody levels of people over 70 years old after the third dose of booster vaccine were lower than those of young people, and the transcriptional responses of innate and adaptive immunity were also weak. The age of the participants showed a significant negative correlation with functions related to T-cell differentiation and costimulation. Nevertheless, 28 days after the third dose, the IgG antibodies of elderly adults reached equivalence to those of younger adults, and immune-related transcriptional regulation was significantly improved. The age showed a significant positive correlation with functions related to "chemokine receptor binding", "chemokine activity", and "chemokine-mediated signaling pathway". CONCLUSIONS Our results document that the response of elderly adults to the third dose of the vaccine was delayed, but still able to achieve comparable immune effects compared to younger adults, in regard to antibody responses as well as at the transcript level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lianxiang Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai , Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Liaocheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shanshan Han
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qingshuai Sun
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mingxiao Yao
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qing Duan
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Section, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai , Shandong Province, China.
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 16992 Jingshi Road , Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
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Muhammad Azami NA, Abdullah N, Kamalul Ariffin AS, Abdullah MS, Dauni A, Kamaruddin MA, Jamal R. Hepatitis B and influenza vaccination coverage in healthcare workers, the elderly, and patients with diabetes in Malaysia. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2170660. [PMID: 36728847 PMCID: PMC10012949 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2170660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult immunization remains to be a neglected issue in developing countries including Malaysia. This nationwide study determined the vaccination coverage of hepatitis B and influenza among Malaysia's healthcare workers (HCWs), the elderly (aged 60 y and above) and patients with diabetes, who are the participants of The Malaysia Cohort Program. The participants were categorized based on their occupation, age and medical history. Self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the participant's hepatitis B and influenza vaccination status. A Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors associated with vaccination behavior. The hepatitis B vaccination coverage for healthcare workers, elderly, and patients with diabetes were 34.6%, 10.1% and 9.8%, respectively. The influenza vaccination coverage rates for healthcare workers, the elderly and patients with diabetes were 26.3%, 5.5% and 6.4%, respectively. The Chinese were more likely to be vaccinated against hepatitis B, while Malay was more likely to be vaccinated against influenza. Individuals with higher education and living in urban areas were more likely vaccinated than those with low education levels and who lived in rural areas. The low vaccination coverage for healthcare workers was alarming because hepatitis B and influenza were subsidized for the healthcare workers. The hepatitis B and influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers, elderly and patients with diabetes in Malaysia were low. Specific interventions such as educational and awareness programs should be conducted to increase the vaccination rate among adults, especially those at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noraidatulakma Abdullah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Shaharom Abdullah
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Andri Dauni
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Arman Kamaruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mahallawi WH, Ibrahim NA, Mumena WA. Impaired humoral immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103788. [PMID: 37674538 PMCID: PMC10477802 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem. We aimed in this study to investigate the humoral immune response derived to HBV vaccine following completing the vaccine series in Madinah. Two hundred and two Saudi hemodialysis (HD) patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Mean concentration of Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) was significantly higher among patients who received the vaccination twice compared to patients who received the vaccination only after starting hemodialysis (252 ± 489 mIU/mL vs. 144 ± 327 mIU/mL, respectively, p = 0.008). Almost half of the study sample were non-protected and showed anti-HBs concentration < 10 mlU/mL. In contrast, 20.3% (n = 41) were identified as poor responders (10-100 mlU/mL) and only 28.2% (n = 57) were identified as good responders (10-100 mlU/mL). However, the latter two groups were accounted as protected (48.5%, n = 98). Patients sex was associated with anti-HBs concentration (non-responders; poor responders; good responders), where significantly higher proportion of good responders were females compared to males (p = 0.007). In conclusion, HBV vaccine is efficient to elicit humoral immune response in hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed H. Mahallawi
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadir A. Ibrahim
- Duke Central Automated Laboratory, Duke University, Hudson Bldg, DCAL, Rm 1520, 2351, Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Walaa A. Mumena
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Mulè MP, Martins AJ, Cheung F, Farmer R, Sellers B, Quiel JA, Jain A, Kotliarov Y, Bansal N, Chen J, Schwartzberg PL, Tsang JS. Multiscale integration of human and single-cell variations reveals unadjuvanted vaccine high responders are naturally adjuvanted. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.20.23287474. [PMID: 37090674 PMCID: PMC10120791 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.23287474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Advances in multimodal single cell analysis can empower high-resolution dissection of human vaccination responses. The resulting data capture multiple layers of biological variations, including molecular and cellular states, vaccine formulations, inter- and intra-subject differences, and responses unfolding over time. Transforming such data into biological insight remains a major challenge. Here we present a systematic framework applied to multimodal single cell data obtained before and after influenza vaccination without adjuvants or pandemic H5N1 vaccination with the AS03 adjuvant. Our approach pinpoints responses shared across or unique to specific cell types and identifies adjuvant specific signatures, including pro-survival transcriptional states in B lymphocytes that emerged one day after vaccination. We also reveal that high antibody responders to the unadjuvanted vaccine have a distinct baseline involving a rewired network of cell type specific transcriptional states. Remarkably, the status of certain innate immune cells in this network in high responders of the unadjuvanted vaccine appear "naturally adjuvanted": they resemble phenotypes induced early in the same cells only by vaccination with AS03. Furthermore, these cell subsets have elevated frequency in the blood at baseline and increased cell-intrinsic phospho-signaling responses after LPS stimulation ex vivo in high compared to low responders. Our findings identify how variation in the status of multiple immune cell types at baseline may drive robust differences in innate and adaptive responses to vaccination and thus open new avenues for vaccine development and immune response engineering in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Mulè
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J. Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit Farmer
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian Sellers
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan A. Quiel
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arjun Jain
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Kotliarov
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neha Bansal
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela L. Schwartzberg
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John S. Tsang
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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9
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Sucher AJ, Sucher BJ, Chahine EB. PreHevbrio: A New 3-Antigen Hepatitis B Vaccine for Adults. Ann Pharmacother 2023; 57:325-332. [PMID: 35906803 DOI: 10.1177/10600280221114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective of this article is to review the immunogenicity and safety of the 3-antigen recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (3A-HepB) in adults. DATA SOURCES A literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar (2000 to June 2022) with the search terms hepatitis B vaccine and 3-antigen. Other resources included the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conference abstracts of liver meetings, the prescribing information, and the manufacturer's website. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION All English-language articles of studies assessing the immunogenicity and safety of 3A-HepB in humans were included. DATA SYNTHESIS The 3A-HepB is licensed to prevent infection caused by all known subtypes of the hepatitis B virus in adults. It contains 3 hepatitis B surface antigens. The 3A-HepB has been shown to be noninferior to a single-antigen hepatitis B vaccine (1A-HepB). It is administered intramuscularly as a 3-dose series at 0, 1, and 6 months. The most commonly reported local reactions were injection site pain and tenderness, and the most commonly reported systemic reactions were headache, fatigue, and myalgia. RELEVANCE TO PATIENT CARE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE The introduction of 3A-HepB represents another step toward reducing the rates of new hepatitis B infections. However, clinical trials are needed to assess the immunogenicity of 3A-HepB in individuals at high-risk of nonresponse or low response to 1A-HepB, such as those with renal or hepatic impairment and those with altered immunocompetence. CONCLUSIONS The 3A-HepB represents another vaccine to prevent hepatitis B in adults. It is safe and immunogenic but is associated with more adverse reactions than 1A-HepB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elias B Chahine
- Palm Beach Atlantic University, Gregory School of Pharmacy, West Palm Beach, FL, USA
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Di Lello FA, Martínez AP, Flichman DM. Insights into induction of the immune response by the hepatitis B vaccine. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4249-4262. [PMID: 36159002 PMCID: PMC9453777 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i31.4249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
After more than four decades of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine implementation, its safety and efficacy in preventing HBV infection have been proven and several milestones have been achieved. Most countries have included HBV immunization schedules in their health policies and progress has been made regarding universalization of the first HBV vaccine dose at birth. All of these actions have significantly contributed to reducing both the incidence of HBV infection and its related complications. However, there are still many drawbacks to overcome. The main concerns are the deficient coverage rate of the dose at birth and the large adult population that has not been reached timely by universal immunization. Additionally, the current most widely used second-generation vaccines do not induce protective immunity in 5% to 10% of the population, particularly in people over 40-years-old, obese (body mass index > 25 kg/m2), heavy smokers, and patients undergoing dialysis or infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Recently developed and approved novel vaccine formulations using more potent adjuvants or multiple antigens have shown better performance, particularly in difficult settings. These advances re-launch the expectations of achieving the World Health Organization’s objective of completing hepatitis control by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Alejandro Di Lello
- Microbiology, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Investigaciones en Bacteriología y Virología Molecular, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Pedro Martínez
- Virology Section, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno “CEMIC”, Buenos Aires C1431FWO, Argentina
| | - Diego Martín Flichman
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
- Microbiology, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida, Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina
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11
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Nicoli F, Clave E, Wanke K, von Braun A, Bondet V, Alanio C, Douay C, Baque M, Lependu C, Marconi P, Stiasny K, Heinz FX, Muetsch M, Duffy D, Boddaert J, Sauce D, Toubert A, Karrer U, Appay V. Primary immune responses are negatively impacted by persistent herpesvirus infections in older people: results from an observational study on healthy subjects and a vaccination trial on subjects aged more than 70 years old. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103852. [PMID: 35114631 PMCID: PMC8818547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced age is accompanied by a decline of immune functions, which may play a role in increased vulnerability to emerging pathogens and low efficacy of primary vaccinations in elderly people. The capacity to mount immune responses against new antigens is particularly affected in this population. However, its precise determinants are not fully understood. We aimed here at establishing the influence of persistent viral infections on the naive T-cell compartment and primary immune responsiveness in older adults. Methods We assessed immunological parameters, related to CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responsiveness, according to the serological status for common latent herpesviruses in two independent cohorts: 1) healthy individuals aged 19y to 95y (n = 150) and 2) individuals above 70y old enrolled in a primo-vaccination clinical trial (n = 137). Findings We demonstrate a prevalent effect of age and CMV infection on CD8+ and CD4+ naive T cells, respectively. CMV seropositivity was associated with blunted CD4+ T-cell and antibody responses to primary vaccination. Interpretation These data provide insights on the changes in adaptive immunity over time and the associated decline in vaccine efficacy with ageing. This knowledge is important for the management of emerging infectious diseases in elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nicoli
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France; Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Clave
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Kerstin Wanke
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amrei von Braun
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Translational Immunology Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Alanio
- INSERM U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France; Laboratoire D'immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Corinne Douay
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Margaux Baque
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Claire Lependu
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Karin Stiasny
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz X Heinz
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Margot Muetsch
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Lab, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sauce
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- Université de Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, EMiLy, Inserm U1160, Paris F-75010, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et d'Histocompatibilité, AP-HP, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris F-75010, France
| | - Urs Karrer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Victor Appay
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, 75013 Paris, France; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR5164, INSERM ERL1303, ImmunoConcEpT, Bordeaux, France; International Research Center of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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12
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Vianello E, Gonzalez-Dias P, van Veen S, Engele CG, Quinten E, Monath TP, Medaglini D, Santoro F, Huttner A, Dubey S, Eichberg M, Ndungu FM, Kremsner PG, Essone PN, Agnandji ST, Siegrist CA, Nakaya HI, Ottenhoff THM, Haks MC. Transcriptomic signatures induced by the Ebola virus vaccine rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP in adult cohorts in Europe, Africa, and North America: a molecular biomarker study. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2022; 3:e113-e123. [PMID: 35544042 PMCID: PMC7613316 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector expressing the Zaire Ebola virus glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP) vaccine has been reported as safe, immunogenic, and highly protective in a ring vaccination trial. We aimed to identify transcriptomic immune response biomarker signatures induced by vaccination and associated signatures with its immunogenicity and reactogenicity to better understand the potential mechanisms of action of the vaccine. METHODS 354 healthy adult volunteers were vaccinated in randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in Europe (Geneva, Switzerland [November, 2014, to January, 2015]) and North America (USA [Dec 5, 2014, to June 23, 2015]), and dose-escalation trials in Africa (Lambaréné, Gabon [November, 2014, to January, 2015], and Kilifi, Kenya [December, 2014, to January, 2015]) using different doses of the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector expressing the Zaire Ebola virus glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP; 3 × 105 to 1 × 108 plaque-forming units [pfu]). Longitudinal transcriptomic responses (days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 28) were measured in whole blood using a targeted gene expression profiling platform (dual-colour reverse-transcriptase multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) focusing on 144 immune-related genes. The effect of time and dose on transcriptomic response was also assessed. Logistic regression with lasso regularisation was applied to identify host signatures with optimal discriminatory capability of vaccination at day 1 or day 7 versus baseline, whereas random-effects models and recursive feature elimination combined with regularised logistic regression were used to associate signatures with immunogenicity and reactogenicity. FINDINGS Our results indicated that perturbation of gene expression peaked on day 1 and returned to baseline levels between day 7 and day 28. The magnitude of the response was dose-dependent, with vaccinees receiving a high dose (≥9 × 106 pfu) of rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP exhibiting the largest amplitude. The most differentially expressed genes that were significantly upregulated following vaccination consisted of type I and II interferon-related genes and myeloid cell-associated markers, whereas T cell, natural killer cell, and cytotoxicity-associated genes were downregulated. A gene signature associated with immunogenicity (common to all four cohorts) was identified correlating gene expression profiles with ZEBOV-GP antibody titres and a gene signatures associated with reactogenicity (Geneva cohort) was identified correlating gene expression profiles with an adverse event (ie, arthritis). INTERPRETATION Collectively, our results identify and cross-validate immune-related transcriptomic signatures induced by rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccination in four cohorts of adult participants from different genetic and geographical backgrounds. These signatures will aid in the rational development, testing, and evaluation of novel vaccines and will allow evaluation of the effect of host factors such as age, co-infection, and comorbidity on responses to vaccines. FUNDING Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Vianello
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Patricia Gonzalez-Dias
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzanne van Veen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Carmen G Engele
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Edwin Quinten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Donata Medaglini
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Sclavo Vaccines Association, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Santoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Angela Huttner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Vaccinology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sheri Dubey
- Department of Vaccine and Biologics Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
| | - Michael Eichberg
- Department of Vaccine and Biologics Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA
| | - Francis M Ndungu
- Department of Biosciences, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Peter G Kremsner
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, and German Center for Infection Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Paulin N Essone
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Selidji Todagbe Agnandji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, and German Center for Infection Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claire-Anne Siegrist
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Vaccinology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Helder I Nakaya
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Scientific Platform Pasteur-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tom H M Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle C Haks
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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13
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Weinberger B. Vaccination of older adults: Influenza, pneumococcal disease, herpes zoster, COVID-19 and beyond. Immun Ageing 2021; 18:38. [PMID: 34627326 PMCID: PMC8501352 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Preserving good health in old age is of utmost importance to alleviate societal, economic and health care-related challenges caused by an aging society. The prevalence and severity of many infectious diseases is higher in older adults, and in addition to the acute disease, long-term sequelae, such as exacerbation of underlying chronic disease, onset of frailty or increased long-term care dependency, are frequent. Prevention of infections e.g. by vaccination is therefore an important measure to ensure healthy aging and preserve quality of life. Several vaccines are specifically recommended for older adults in many countries, and in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic older adults were among the first target groups for vaccination due to their high risk for severe disease. This review highlights clinical data on the influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae and herpes zoster vaccines, summarizes recent developments to improve vaccine efficacy, such as the use of adjuvants or higher antigen dose for influenza, and gives an overview of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development for older adults. Substantial research is ongoing to further improve vaccines, e.g. by developing universal influenza and pneumococcal vaccines to overcome the limitations of the current strain-specific vaccines, and to develop novel vaccines against pathogens, which cause considerable morbidity and mortality in older adults, but for which no vaccines are currently available. In addition, we need to improve uptake of the existing vaccines and increase awareness for life-long vaccination in order to provide optimal protection for the vulnerable older age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Weinberger
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Universität Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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14
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Ecarnot F, Maggi S, Michel JP, Veronese N, Rossanese A. Vaccines and Senior Travellers. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:677907. [PMID: 35822022 PMCID: PMC9261415 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.677907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: International tourist travel has been increasingly steadily in recent years, and looks set to reach unprecedented levels in the coming decades. Among these travellers, an increasing proportion is aged over 60 years, and is healthy and wealthy enough to be able to travel. However, senior travellers have specific risks linked to their age, health and travel patterns, as compared to their younger counterparts. Methods: We review here the risk of major vaccine-preventable travel-associated infectious diseases, and forms and efficacy of vaccination for these diseases. Results: Routine vaccinations are recommended for older persons, regardless of whether they travel or not (e.g., influenza, pneumococcal vaccines). Older individuals should be advised about the vaccines that are recommended for their age group in the framework of the national vaccination schedule. Travel-specific vaccines must be discussed in detail on a case-by-case basis, and the risk associated with the vaccine should be carefully weighed against the risk of contracting the disease during travel. Travel-specific vaccines reviewed here include yellow fever, hepatitis, meningococcal meningitis, typhoid fever, cholera, poliomyelitis, rabies, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis and dengue. Conclusion: The number of older people who have the good health and financial resources to travel is rising dramatically. Older travellers should be advised appropriately about routine and travel-specific vaccines, taking into account the destination, duration and purpose of the trip, the activities planned, the type of accommodation, as well as patient-specific characteristics, such as health status and current medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Ecarnot
- University Hospital Besancon and University of Franche-Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Stefania Maggi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience – Aging Branch, Padua, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Michel
- Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossanese
- Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS “Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria,” Verona, Italy
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15
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Chen M, Yuan Y, Zhou Y, Deng Z, Zhao J, Feng F, Zou H, Sun C. Safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Infect Dis Poverty 2021. [PMID: 34225791 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00878-5.pmid:34225791;pmcid:pmc8256217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various modalities of vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), based on different platforms and immunization procedures, have been successively approved for marketing worldwide. A comprehensive review for clinical trials assessing the safety of COVID-19 vaccines is urgently needed to make an accurate judgment for mass vaccination. MAIN TEXT A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the safety of COVID-19 vaccine candidates in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Scopus, Web of Science, and MedRxiv. Included articles were limited to RCTs on COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 73,633 subjects from 14 articles were included to compare the risks of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) after vaccinating different COVID-19 vaccines. Pooled risk ratios (RR) of total AEFI for inactivated vaccine, viral-vectored vaccine, and mRNA vaccine were 1.34 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.61, P < 0.001], 1.65 (95% CI 1.31-2.07, P < 0.001), and 2.01 (95% CI 1.78-2.26, P < 0.001), respectively. No significant differences on local and systemic AEFI were found between the first dose and second dose. In addition, people aged ≤ 55 years were at significantly higher risk of AEFI than people aged ≥ 56 years, with a pooled RR of 1.25 (95% CI 1.15-1.35, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The safety and tolerance of current COVID-19 vaccine candidates are acceptable for mass vaccination, with inactivated COVID-19 vaccines candidates having the lowest reported AEFI. Long-term surveillance of vaccine safety is required, especially among elderly people with underlying medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musha Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiguo Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaomin Deng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengling Feng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Chen M, Yuan Y, Zhou Y, Deng Z, Zhao J, Feng F, Zou H, Sun C. Safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Infect Dis Poverty 2021; 10:94. [PMID: 34225791 PMCID: PMC8256217 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various modalities of vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), based on different platforms and immunization procedures, have been successively approved for marketing worldwide. A comprehensive review for clinical trials assessing the safety of COVID-19 vaccines is urgently needed to make an accurate judgment for mass vaccination. Main text A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the safety of COVID-19 vaccine candidates in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Scopus, Web of Science, and MedRxiv. Included articles were limited to RCTs on COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 73,633 subjects from 14 articles were included to compare the risks of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) after vaccinating different COVID-19 vaccines. Pooled risk ratios (RR) of total AEFI for inactivated vaccine, viral-vectored vaccine, and mRNA vaccine were 1.34 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–1.61, P < 0.001], 1.65 (95% CI 1.31–2.07, P < 0.001), and 2.01 (95% CI 1.78–2.26, P < 0.001), respectively. No significant differences on local and systemic AEFI were found between the first dose and second dose. In addition, people aged ≤ 55 years were at significantly higher risk of AEFI than people aged ≥ 56 years, with a pooled RR of 1.25 (95% CI 1.15–1.35, P < 0.001). Conclusions The safety and tolerance of current COVID-19 vaccine candidates are acceptable for mass vaccination, with inactivated COVID-19 vaccines candidates having the lowest reported AEFI. Long-term surveillance of vaccine safety is required, especially among elderly people with underlying medical conditions. Graphic Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-021-00878-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musha Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiguo Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaomin Deng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengling Feng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Caijun Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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The positive rates of hepatitis B surface antibody in youths after booster vaccination: a 4-year follow-up study with large sample. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229067. [PMID: 34151935 PMCID: PMC8415346 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public issue of the world. Hepatitis B vaccination is widely used as an effective measure to prevent HBV infection. This large-sample study aimed to evaluate the positive rates of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) in youths after booster vaccination. METHODS A total of 37,788 participants were divided into two groups according to the baseline levels of anti-HBs before booster vaccination: the negative group (anti-HBs (-)); the positive group (anti-HBs (+)). Participants were tested for anti-HBs levels after receiving a booster vaccine 1 year and 4 years. RESULTS The positive rates of anti-HBs were 34.50%, 73.8% and 67.32% before booster vaccination at 1 year and 4 years after vaccination, respectively. At four years after the booster vaccination, the positive rates of 13 to 18 years were 47.54%, which was the lowest level among all youths age groups. In the anti-HBs (-) group, the positive conversion rates of anti-HBs were 74.62% at 1 year after receiving a booster vaccine, and 67.66% at 4 years after vaccination. In the anti-HBs (+) group, the positive maintenance rates of anti-HBs were 70.16% after 1 year, and 66.66% after 4 years. Compared with the baseline anti-HBs (+) group, the positive rates of the baseline anti-HBs (-) group were higher at 1 year and 4 years after receiving the booster vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The positive rates of anti-HBs declined over time, especially the positive maintenance rates were the lowest at age of 13 to 18 years.
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18
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Xu B, Yang Q, Tang Y, Tan Z, Fu H, Peng J, Xiang X, Gan L, Deng G, Mao Q, Xu PX, Jiang Y, Ding J. SIX1/EYA1 are novel liver damage biomarkers in chronic hepatitis B and other liver diseases. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:992. [PMID: 34277792 PMCID: PMC8267256 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) and eyes absent 1 (EYA1) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and other liver diseases. Methods SIX1 and EYA1 levels were detected in human serum and liver tissues by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescent staining method, respectively. Results The serum SIX1 and EYA1 levels in 313 CHB patients were 7.24±0.11 and 25.21±0.51 ng/mL, respectively, and these values were significantly higher than those in 33 healthy controls (2.84±0.15 and 13.11±1.01 ng/mL, respectively; P<0.05). Serum SIX1 and EYA1 levels were also markedly increased in patients with numerous other liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, fulminant hepatic failure, autoimmune liver disease, and hepatitis C, compared to the healthy controls (P<0.05). Dynamic observation of these proteins over time in 35 selected CHB patients revealed that SIX1 and EYA1 serum levels increased over an interval. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that both SIX1 and EYA1 were only expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and their increased expression was evident in CHB liver tissue. Conclusions SIX1 and EYA1 are novel biomarkers of liver damage in patients of CHB and other liver diseases, with potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyan Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Department of General Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingzi Tang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- Health Management Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaomei Xiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Linlin Gan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guohong Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Mao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pin-Xian Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of General Medicine, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianqiang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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19
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van Bömmel F, Berg T. Three are better than one-increasing HBV seroprotection by a tri-antigenic vaccine. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 21:1197-1198. [PMID: 33989540 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian van Bömmel
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig 04315, Germany.
| | - Thomas Berg
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig 04315, Germany
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20
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He T, Li J, Ouyang Y, Lv G, Ceng X, Zhang Z, Ding J. FibroScan Detection of Fatty Liver/Liver Fibrosis in 2266 Cases of Chronic Hepatitis B. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2020; 8:113-119. [PMID: 32832390 PMCID: PMC7438355 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2019.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: FibroScan is used to determine liver stiffness and controlled attenuation parameter (referred to as CAP) scores in patients, including those with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We used FibroScan to detect the incidence of fatty liver and fibrosis in CHB patients, and to assess the correlation of FibroScan measurements with blood chemistry tests. Methods: CHB patients enrolled in this study were divided independently for three separate analyses (of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and fatty liver) based on FibroScan results. Basic information, blood chemistry test results, liver fibrosis parameters, and FibroScan results were collected. T-tests and Pearson's analyses were used to analyze the correlations between FibroScan liver stiffness measurement/CAP values and liver function, blood fat, uric acid metabolite, fibrosis, and hepatitis B virus load. Results: A total of 2266 CHB patients were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups: non-significant and significant fibrosis; non-cirrhosis and early cirrhosis; and non-fatty and fatty liver. Spearman's statistical analyses showed that liver stiffness measurement or CAP values correlated with sex (r=0.137), age (r=0.119),glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (r=0.082), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (r=-0.172), gamma-glutamyltransferase (r=0.225), albumin (r=0.150), globulin (r=-0.107), total bilirubin (r=-0.132), direct bilirubin (r=-0.145), white blood cell count (r=0.254), hemoglobin (r=0.205), platelets (r=0.206), total cholesterol (r=0.214), high density lipoprotein (r=-0.243), low density lipoprotein (r=0.255), apolipoprotein B (r=0.217), hyaluronic acid (r=-0.069), laminin (r=-0.188), procollagen type IV (r=-0.067)and hepatitis B viral DNA load (r=-0.216). Conclusions: FibroScan is a non-invasive device that can detect the occurrence of fatty liver or liver fibrosis in CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingshan He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanling Ouyang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Guotao Lv
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ceng
- Department of Pathology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiao Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Jianqiang Ding, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1Jiazi Road, Shunde, Guangdong 528308, China. Tel: +86-15218853076, E-mail: ; Zhiqiao Zhang, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1Jiazi Rd, Shunde, Guangdong 528308, China. Tel: +86-15876129625, E-mail:
| | - Jianqiang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence to: Jianqiang Ding, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1Jiazi Road, Shunde, Guangdong 528308, China. Tel: +86-15218853076, E-mail: ; Zhiqiao Zhang, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1Jiazi Rd, Shunde, Guangdong 528308, China. Tel: +86-15876129625, E-mail:
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21
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Gustafson CE, Kim C, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. Influence of immune aging on vaccine responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:1309-1321. [PMID: 32386655 PMCID: PMC7198995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Impaired vaccine responses in older individuals are associated with alterations in both the quantity and quality of the T-cell compartment with age. As reviewed herein, the T-cell response to vaccination requires a fine balance between the generation of inflammatory effector T cells versus follicular helper T (TFH) cells that mediate high-affinity antibody production in tandem with the induction of long-lived memory cells for effective recall immunity. During aging, we find that this balance is tipped where T cells favor short-lived effector but not memory or TFH responses. Consistently, vaccine-induced antibodies commonly display a lower protective capacity. Mechanistically, multiple, potentially targetable, changes in T cells have been identified that contribute to these age-related defects, including posttranscription regulation, T-cell receptor signaling, and metabolic function. Although research into the induction of tissue-specific immunity by vaccines and with age is still limited, current mechanistic insights provide a framework for improved design of age-specific vaccination strategies that require further evaluation in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Gustafson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Chulwoo Kim
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif; Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, Calif.
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22
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Edelman R, Deming ME, Toapanta FR, Heuser MD, Chrisley L, Barnes RS, Wasserman SS, Blackwelder WC, Handwerger BS, Pasetti M, Siddiqui KM, Sztein MB. The SENIEUR protocol and the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination in healthy elderly persons by age, gender, and vaccine route. Immun Ageing 2020; 17:9. [PMID: 32355503 PMCID: PMC7187507 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced response to hepatitis B vaccines is associated with aging, confounding and comorbid conditions, as well as inadvertent subcutaneous (SC) inoculation. We hypothesized that the antibody and T cell-mediated immune responses (T-CMI) of elderly adults to a vaccine intended for intramuscular (IM) administration would be attenuated when deposited into SC fat, independent of confounding conditions. RESULTS Fifty-two healthy, community dwelling elderly adults (65-82 years), seronegative for HBV, were enrolled in the SENIEUR protocol as a strictly healthy population. These seniors were randomized to receive a licensed alum-adjuvanted recombinant HBV vaccine either SC or IM, with the inoculum site verified by imaging. The response rates, defined as hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb) ≥10 IU/L, were significantly lower in the elderly than in young adults, a group of 12, healthy, 21-34-year-old volunteers. Moreover, elderly participants who received the vaccine IM were significantly more likely to be responders than those immunized SC (54% versus 16%, p = 0.008). The low seroconversion rate in the IM group progressively declined with increasing age, and responders had significantly lower HBsAb titers and limited isotype responses. Moreover, T-CMI (proliferation and cytokine production) were significantly reduced in both percentage of responders and intensity of the response for both Th1 and Th2 subsets in the elderly. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate the blunted immunogenicity of SC inoculation as measured by peak titers and response rates. Further, the qualitative and quantitative deficits in B- and T-CMI responses to primary alum adjuvanted protein antigens persisted even in strictly healthy elderly populations with verified IM placement compared to younger populations. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04162223. Registered 14 November 2019. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Edelman
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Meagan E. Deming
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Franklin R. Toapanta
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Mark D. Heuser
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Present Adress: Department of Veterans Affairs, Salisbury VA Health Care System, Salisbury, NC USA
| | - Lisa Chrisley
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Robin S. Barnes
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Steven S. Wasserman
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Present Adress: Office of Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - William C. Blackwelder
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Barry S. Handwerger
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Marcela Pasetti
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Khan M. Siddiqui
- Imaging Informatics and Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging unit, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA
- Present Adress: Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Marcelo B. Sztein
- Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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23
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Pangrazzi L, Reidla J, Carmona Arana JA, Naismith E, Miggitsch C, Meryk A, Keller M, Krause AAN, Melzer FL, Trieb K, Schirmer M, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Weinberger B. CD28 and CD57 define four populations with distinct phenotypic properties within human CD8 + T cells. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:363-379. [PMID: 31755098 PMCID: PMC7079235 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
After repeated antigen exposure, both memory and terminally differentiated cells can be generated within CD8+ T cells. Although, during their differentiation, activated CD8+ T cells may first lose CD28, and CD28- cells may eventually express CD57 as a subsequent step, a population of CD28+ CD57+ (DP) CD8+ T cells can be identified in the peripheral blood. How this population is distinct from CD28- CD57- (DN) CD8+ T cells, and from the better characterized non-activated/early-activated CD28+ CD57- and senescent-like CD28- CD57+ CD8+ T cell subsets is currently unknown. Here, RNA expression of the four CD8+ T cell subsets isolated from human PBMCs was analyzed using microarrays. DN cells were more similar to "early" highly differentiated cells, with decreased TNF and IFN-γ production, impaired DNA damage response and apoptosis. Conversely, increased apoptosis and expression of cytokines, co-inhibitory, and chemokine receptors were found in DP cells. Higher levels of DP CD8+ T cells were observed 7 days after Hepatitis B vaccination, and decreased levels of DP cells were found in rheumatoid arthritis patients. More DP and DN CD8+ T cells were present in the bone marrow, in comparison with PBMCs. In summary, our results indicate that DP and DN cells are distinct CD8+ T cell subsets displaying defined properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pangrazzi
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jürgen Reidla
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - José Antonio Carmona Arana
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Erin Naismith
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carina Miggitsch
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Meryk
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Keller
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Adelheid Alma Nora Krause
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franz Leonard Melzer
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klemens Trieb
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Wels-Grieskirchen, Grieskirchnerstrasse 42, Wels, Austria
| | - Michael Schirmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Weinberger
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg 10, Innsbruck, Austria
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24
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Kim C, Jadhav RR, Gustafson CE, Smithey MJ, Hirsch AJ, Uhrlaub JL, Hildebrand WH, Nikolich-Žugich J, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. Defects in Antiviral T Cell Responses Inflicted by Aging-Associated miR-181a Deficiency. Cell Rep 2019; 29:2202-2216.e5. [PMID: 31747595 PMCID: PMC6957231 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of protective immunity to infections and vaccinations declines with age. Studies in healthy individuals have implicated reduced miR-181a expression in T cells as contributing to this defect. To understand the impact of miR-181a expression on antiviral responses, we examined LCMV infection in mice with miR-181ab1-deficient T cells. We found that miR-181a deficiency delays viral clearance, thereby biasing the immune response in favor of CD4 over CD8 T cells. Antigen-specific CD4 T cells in mice with miR-181a-deficient T cells expand more and have a broader TCR repertoire with preferential expansion of high-affinity T cells than in wild-type mice. Importantly, generation of antigen-specific miR-181a-deficient CD8 effector T cells is particularly impaired, resulting in lower frequencies of CD8 T cells in the liver even at time points when the infection has been cleared. Consistent with the mouse model, CD4 memory T cells in individuals infected with West Nile virus at older ages tend to be more frequent and of higher affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chulwoo Kim
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA
| | - Rohit R Jadhav
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA
| | - Claire E Gustafson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA
| | - Megan J Smithey
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Alec J Hirsch
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jennifer L Uhrlaub
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - William H Hildebrand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Janko Nikolich-Žugich
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA.
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25
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Alternative hepatitis B vaccine strategies in healthy non-responders to a first standard vaccination scheme. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019; 20:7-8. [PMID: 31629648 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Autran B. [Alterations in responses to vaccines in older people]. Rev Mal Respir 2019; 36:1047-1056. [PMID: 31522947 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aging population raises a number of public health issues including a need to address the severity and frequency of infections observed in older people. Vaccines play an important role in prevention. However, immunosenescence alters the intensity and quality of vaccine responses, thus limiting the impact of recommendations directed after 65 years for vaccination against flu, pneumococci, pertussis, tetanus and zoster. Immunosenescence, aggravated by co-morbidities, varies with age, becoming apparent after 60-65 years and more profound after 85 years. All stages of vaccine responses are affected by immunosenescence, from the innate immunity required to activate these responses to the induction of protective antibody responses and immune memory. Nevertheless, the capacity to develop new responses to primary vaccination is more affected than the ability to respond to recalls, although this is also impaired. Responses to vaccines are differentially altered depending on vaccine and age. Influenza vaccines are modestly immunogenic and several meta-analyses agree an estimate for efficacy of about 50% against virologically-proven flu and 40% against flu-related deaths. The anti-pneumococcal 23-valent non-conjugated vaccine does not induce memory while the 13-valent conjugated one does, but their efficacy are likely to be similar between 70 to 52% before 75 years. A sequential vaccination program with the 13-valent primo-vaccination followed by the 23-valent, recommended in immune-suppressed patients, is currently being studied in France. The waning of immunity to pertussis makes recalls necessary in the elderly who develop good antibody responses. Several research avenues are currently being pursued to try improve the degree of protection conferred by these vaccines in elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Autran
- Sorbonne-université, 75005 Paris, France; UMR-S Inserm/UPMC 1135), CIMI-Paris (centre de recherches immunité maladies infectieuses), 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
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27
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Obiri-Yeboah D, Awuku YA, Adjei G, Cudjoe O, Benjamin AH, Obboh E, Amoako-Sakyi D. Post Hepatitis B vaccination sero-conversion among health care workers in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219148. [PMID: 31251790 PMCID: PMC6599216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HBV vaccine is known to offer protection against transmission of HBV infection. Health care workers are mandated to have this vaccination as part of their occupational health safety measures. Post vaccination response data for HCWs in our setting is not available. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the anti-HBs titre levels after Hepatitis B vaccination among HCWs from selected heath facilities in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. Methods A multicenter (3 selected sites) analytical cross-sectional study involving 711 HCWs was conducted. Five (5mls) of blood samples were collected from each study participant and the serum used for HBV immunological profile testing anti-HBs quantification by ELISA test (Fortress Diagnostics Limited, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom). Data analyses were performed using Stata version 14.0 software (STATA Corp, Texas USA). Results The median age of participants was 29 years (IQR = 26–35 years). Majority (80.9%, n = 575) took their vaccination from Government health facilities compared with 19.1% (n = 136) from private vaccination sources. A total of 7 (3 males and 4 females) were found to be HBsAg positive giving prevalence of 1%. In all, 8.2% (n = 58) of the HCWs had anti-HBs titre levels <10IU/ml giving a sero-protection rate of 91.8%. HCWs who received 3 doses of HBV vaccine were more likely to be sero-protected as compared to those who received only one dose in multivariate analysis (aOR = 3.39, 95%CI: 1.08–10.67), p<0.037). Gender, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were not found to be associated with sero-protection. Conclusion There is a high HBV vaccine efficacy among HCWs in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana with higher prevalence of anti-HBs titre level associated with full vaccine dose adherence. Post vaccination antibody titre determination could be an integral part of HBV vaccination protocol for HCWs in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Yaw Asante Awuku
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - George Adjei
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Obed Cudjoe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Anna Hayfron Benjamin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Evans Obboh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Daniel Amoako-Sakyi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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28
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Dadmanesh M, Ranjbar MM, Ghorban K. Inflammasomes and their roles in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis and their related complications: An updated systematic review. Immunol Lett 2019; 208:11-18. [PMID: 30831142 PMCID: PMC7112799 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a set of innate receptors which are the responsible molecules for activation of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and induction of inflammation. Due to the key roles of the inflammasomes in the induction of inflammation, it has been hypothesized that the molecules may be the main parts of immune responses against viral infections and the tissue damage. Because some cases of viral hepatitis infections, including hepatitis B and C, are diagnosed as chronic and may be associated with various complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), several studies focused on the roles played by the inflammation on the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis. Based on the roles played by inflammasomes in induction of inflammation, it has been hypothesized that inflammasomes may be the main parts of the puzzle of the viral hepatitis complications. This article reviews the roles of the inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of hepatitis B and C viral infections and their complications, liver cirrhosis, and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dadmanesh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Khodayar Ghorban
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Medical School, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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29
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Kemp L, Clare KE, Brennan PN, Dillon JF. New horizons in hepatitis B and C in the older adult. Age Ageing 2019; 48:32-37. [PMID: 30379991 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV), are blood-borne viruses that can cause acute hepatitis; but are clinically relevant because chronic infection is associated with development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Both these viruses are becoming more common in the older population, due to the ageing of generations exposed to the risk factors associated with infection; intravenous drug use, multiple sexual partners and men who have sex with men. This review will cover the natural history and epidemiology of these infections as well as the revolution in drug therapy that now allows cure of HCV infection and complete control of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Kemp
- Gut Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical school, Dundee, UK
| | - Kathleen E Clare
- Gut Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical school, Dundee, UK
| | - Paul N Brennan
- Gut Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical school, Dundee, UK
| | - John F Dillon
- Gut Group, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical school, Dundee, UK
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