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Pérez-Jiménez GM, Alvarez-Villagomez CS, Martínez-Porchas M, Garibay-Valdez E, Sepúlveda-Quiroz CA, Méndez-Marín O, Martínez-García R, Jesús-Contreras R, Alvarez-González CA, De la Rosa-García SDC. The Indigenous Probiotic Lactococcus lactis PH3-05 Enhances the Growth, Digestive Physiology, and Gut Microbiota of the Tropical Gar ( Atractosteus tropicus) Larvae. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2663. [PMID: 39335253 DOI: 10.3390/ani14182663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics in aquaculture hold promise for enhancing fish health and growth. Due to their increased specificity and affinity for their host, indigenous probiotics may offer isolated and potentially amplified benefits. This study investigated the effects of Lactococcus lactis PH3-05, previously isolated from adults of tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus), on the growth, survival, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal morphology, expression of barrier and immune genes, and intestinal microbiota composition in the larvae of tropical gar. Larvae were fed with live L. lactis PH3-05 concentrations of 104, 106, and 108 CFU/g for 15 days alongside a control diet without probiotics. Higher concentrations of L. lactis PH3-05 (106 and 108 CFU/g) positively influenced larval growth, increasing hepatocyte area and enterocyte height. The 106 CFU/g dose significantly enhanced survival (46%) and digestive enzyme activity. Notably, the 108 CFU/g dose stimulated increased expression of muc-2 and il-10 genes, suggesting enhanced mucosal barrier function and anti-inflammatory response. Although L. lactis PH3-05 did not significantly change the diversity, structure, or Phylum level composition of intestinal microbiota, which was constituted by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi, and Firmicutes, an increase in Lactobacillus abundance was observed in fish fed with 106 CFU/g, suggesting enhanced probiotic colonization. These results demonstrate that administering L. lactis PH3-05 at 106 CFU/g promotes growth, survival, and digestive health in A. tropicus larvae, establishing it as a promising indigenous probiotic candidate for aquaculture applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela María Pérez-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carina Shianya Alvarez-Villagomez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Marcel Martínez-Porchas
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Biología de Organismos Acuáticos, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Estefanía Garibay-Valdez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Biología de Organismos Acuáticos, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico
| | - César Antonio Sepúlveda-Quiroz
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico de Villahermosa, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Carretera Villahermosa-Frontera, Km. 3.5, Ciudad Industrial, Villahermosa 86010, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Otilio Méndez-Marín
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Rafael Martínez-García
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Ronald Jesús-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Alfonso Alvarez-González
- Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos (LAFIRA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Susana Del Carmen De la Rosa-García
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada (LABMIA), División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Carretera Villahermosa-Cárdenas Km. 0.5, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico
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Kesbiç OS, Acar Ü, Kesbiç FI, Yılmaz S. Growth performance, health status, gut microbiome, and expression of immune and growth-related genes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed diets with pea protein replacement of fish meal. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 273:110968. [PMID: 38604559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The need for fish meal constrains fish farming and significantly impacts sustainability of the aquaculture industry. Hence, it is important to investigate the use of plant-based protein sources in fish diets. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of fish meal (FM) replacement by pea protein (PP) in a 60-day feeding experiment in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Effects on growth performance, body composition, hematology, serum biochemistry and immunology, and immune (TNF-α, IL1-ß and Il-8) and growth-related (GH and IGFI) gene expression were investigated. Five experimental diets (45% protein and 20% lipid) differed in replacement level of FM by PP at rates of 0% (control (PP0)), 25% (PP25), 50%(PP50), 75%(PP75) and 100%(PP100). Fish were fed with experimental diets in triplicate twice daily. The best growth performance was obtained in PP0 and PP25 groups. While fat ratios of fish fillets significantly differed (p < 0.05), there was no significant effects on protein ratios (p < 0.05). There was no significant change in the hematological values of fish, except those fed the PP100 diets, which displayed a reduction in eyrthocyte counts, hemoglobin content and hematocrit. As PP supplementation increased fish showed elevated serum glucose, total protein, cholesterol and myeloperoxidase activity and decreased glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activity. Fish fed diets with between 25 and 75% replacement showed a decline in lactic acid bacteria in the gut. Significant increases in expression were observed in the liver of the PP25 fish relative to the 0% control for all immune and growth-related genes except for IL1-ß. These data suggest that up to 25% of FM can be replaced by PP without any adverse effects on rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Sabri Kesbiç
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37100, Türkiye.
| | - Ümit Acar
- Department of Forestry, Bayramiç Vocational School, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Türkiye; Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Fisheries Industry Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Türkiye
| | | | - Sevdan Yılmaz
- Department of Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Türkiye
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Uniacke-Lowe S, Stanton C, Hill C, Ross RP. The Marine Fish Gut Microbiome as a Source of Novel Bacteriocins. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1346. [PMID: 39065114 PMCID: PMC11278639 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is the largest ecological habitat on Earth, albeit one of the least explored, particularly in terms of its microbial inhabitants. The marine fish gut is host to a diverse microbial community from which diverse bioactive molecules can be sourced. Due to the unique environmental pressures these microbial communities experience, the bioactive molecules they produce often evolve unique adaptations that give them diverse structures and activities, differentiating them from terrestrial homologues. Of particular interest, due to their structural and functional diversity, are the ribosomally-synthesized antimicrobial peptides (bacteriocins). With increasing pressure from emerging antibiotic-resistant disease and industrial demand for novel therapeutics, the marine fish gut microbiome represents a relatively untapped resource of novel bacteriocins that could prove beneficial to human health and aquaculture. This review presents an overview of the marine fish gut microbiome and explores its potential as a source of bacteriocins for human health with considerations for applications and future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona Uniacke-Lowe
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Fermoy Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Fermoy Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
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Mang Q, Gao J, Li Q, Sun Y, Xu G, Xu P. Integrative analysis of metagenome and metabolome provides new insights into intestinal health protection in Coilia nasus larvae via probiotic intervention. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 50:101230. [PMID: 38643745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
With the development of large-scale intensive feeding, growth performance and animal welfare have attracted more and more attention. Exogenous probiotics can promote the growth performance of fish through improving intestinal microbiota; however, it remains unclear whether intestinal microbiota influence physiological biomarkers. Therefore, we performed metagenomic and metabolomic analysis to investigate the effects of a 90-day Lactiplantibacillus plantarum supplementation to a basal diet (1.0 × 108 CFU/g) on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, and physiological biomarkers in Coilia nasus larvae. The results showed that the probiotic supplementation could significantly increase weight and body length. Moreover, it could also enhance digestive enzymes and tight junctions, and inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation. The metagenomic analysis showed that L. plantarum supplementation could significantly decrease the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and increase the relative abundance of Firmicutes. Additionally, pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonadaceae, Aeromonas, and Enterobacterales) were inhibited and beneficial bacteria (Bacillales) were promoted. The metabolome analysis showed that acetic acid and propanoic acid were significantly elevated, and were associated with Kitasatospora, Seonamhaeicola, and Thauera. A correlation analysis demonstrated that the digestive enzymes, tight junction, oxidative stress, and inflammation effects were significantly associated with the increased acetic acid and propanoic acid levels. These results indicated that L. plantarum supplementation could improve intestinal microbial community structure and function, which could raise acetic acid and propanoic acid levels to protect intestinal health and improve growth performance in C. nasus larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Mang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China.
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China.
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Agbohessou PS, Mandiki R, Mes W, Blanquer A, Gérardy M, Garigliany MM, Lambert J, Cambier P, Tokpon N, Lalèyè PA, Kestemont P. Effect of fatty acid-enriched black soldier fly larvae meal combined with chitinase on the metabolic processes of Nile tilapia. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1326-1341. [PMID: 38163983 PMCID: PMC10950454 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523003008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the addition of chitinase to black soldier fly (BSF) larval meal enriched or not with long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) could improve growth, protein digestion processes and gut microbial composition in Nile tilapia. Two different types of BSF meal were produced, in which larvae were reared on substrates formulated with vegetable culture substrate (VGS) or marine fish offal substrate (FOS). The BSF raised on VGS was enriched in α-linolenic acid (ALA), while that raised on FOS was enriched in ALA + EPA + DHA. Six BSF-based diets, enriched or not with chitinase, were formulated and compared with a control diet based on fishmeal and fish oil (FMFO). Two doses (D) of chitinase from Aspergillus niger (2 g and 5 g/kg feed) were added to the BSF larval diets (VGD0 and FOD0) to obtain four additional diets: VGD2, VGD5, FOD2 and FOD5. After 53 d of feeding, results showed that the BSF/FOS-based diets induced feed utilisation, protein efficiency and digestibility, as well as growth comparable to the FMFO control diet, but better than the BSF/VGS-based diets. The supplementation of chitinase to BSF/FOS increased in fish intestine the relative abundance of beneficial microbiota such as those of the Bacillaceae family. The results showed that LC-PUFA-enriched BSF meal associated with chitinase could be used as an effective alternative to fishmeal in order to improve protein digestion processes, beneficial microbiota and ultimately fish growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamphile S. Agbohessou
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agronomics Sciences (FSA), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Robert Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Wouter Mes
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Ecological Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Aude Blanquer
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mazarine Gérardy
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mutien-Marie Garigliany
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, FARAH, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Lambert
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Cambier
- Unit of Research in Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Nicole Tokpon
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agronomics Sciences (FSA), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Philippe A. Lalèyè
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agronomics Sciences (FSA), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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Reuben RC, Torres C. Bacteriocins: potentials and prospects in health and agrifood systems. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:233. [PMID: 38662051 PMCID: PMC11045635 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are highly diverse, abundant, and heterogeneous antimicrobial peptides that are ribosomally synthesized by bacteria and archaea. Since their discovery about a century ago, there has been a growing interest in bacteriocin research and applications. This is mainly due to their high antimicrobial properties, narrow or broad spectrum of activity, specificity, low cytotoxicity, and stability. Though initially used to improve food quality and safety, bacteriocins are now globally exploited for innovative applications in human, animal, and food systems as sustainable alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriocins have the potential to beneficially modulate microbiota, providing viable microbiome-based solutions for the treatment, management, and non-invasive bio-diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diseases. The use of bacteriocins holds great promise in the modulation of food microbiomes, antimicrobial food packaging, bio-sanitizers and antibiofilm, pre/post-harvest biocontrol, functional food, growth promotion, and sustainable aquaculture. This can undoubtedly improve food security, safety, and quality globally. This review highlights the current trends in bacteriocin research, especially the increasing research outputs and funding, which we believe may proportionate the soaring global interest in bacteriocins. The use of cutting-edge technologies, such as bioengineering, can further enhance the exploitation of bacteriocins for innovative applications in human, animal, and food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rine Christopher Reuben
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
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Morgan AN, Fogelson SB, Wills PS, Mincer T, Mejri S, Page A. Hematological changes in Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) supplemented with β-glucan and Pediococcus acidilactici synbiotic. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:1091-1111. [PMID: 38174614 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) are a species of growing interest for commercial aquaculture. Effective health monitoring is crucial to the successful growout of the species, and prophylactic and therapeutic use of chemicals and antibiotics has been the traditional strategy for promoting stock health. However, concerns about antimicrobial resistance, chemical residues in seafood products and the environment, and resultant immunosuppression have prompted the industry to identify alternative management strategies, including supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and combinations of both (synbiotics). The objectives of this study are to determine and compare hematological, plasma biochemical, and plasma protein electrophoresis data of synbiotic-supplemented (β-glucan and Pediococcus acidilactici) and non-supplemented Florida pompano. Reference intervals for blood analytes are provided for both groups and for subgroups (females, males, large, and small fish) where statistically significant results exist. There are no differences between the hematological and plasma biochemistry analytes between the supplemented and control groups, except for blood urea nitrogen and carbon dioxide, indicating a possible effect of synbiotic supplementation on gill function and osmoregulation. Sex-related and size-related differences are observed within each of the control and supplemented groups; however, biometric measurements do not strongly correlate with blood analytes. These data represent baseline hematological and plasma biochemical data in the Florida pompano and indicate the safety of synbiotic supplementation in this commercially important species. This study serves to further the commercialization of Florida pompano by providing blood analyte reference intervals for health monitoring in the aquaculture setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Morgan
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | | | - Paul S Wills
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - Tracy Mincer
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - Sahar Mejri
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
| | - Annie Page
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA
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Peng ZR, Zhang JG, Zhang JB, Lin XQ, Chen W, Yang YJ, Liu ZZ. Identification and biological characteristics of Enterococcus casseliflavus TN-47 isolated from Monochamus alternatus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38602465 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
With the widespread use of antibiotics, the incidence of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms has increased. Monochamus alternatus is a trunk borer of pine trees. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial and biological characteristics of Enterococcus casseliflavus TN-47 (PP411196), isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of M. alternatus in Jilin Province, PR China. Among 13 isolates obtained from the insects, five were preliminarily screened for antimicrobial activity. E. casseliflavus TN-47, which exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, was identified. E. casseliflavus TN-47 possessed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus USA300 and Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum ATCC 19945. Furthermore, E. casseliflavus TN-47 was sensitive to tetracyclines, penicillins (ampicillin, carbenicillin, and piperacillin), quinolones and nitrofuran antibiotics, and resistant to certain beta-lactam antibiotics (oxacillin, cefradine and cephalexin), macrolide antibiotics, sulfonamides and aminoglycosides. E. casseliflavus TN-47 could tolerate low pH and pepsin-rich conditions in the stomach and grow in the presence of bile acids. E. casseliflavus TN-47 retained its strong auto-aggregating ability and hydrophobicity. This strain did not exhibit any haemolytic activity. These results indicate that E. casseliflavus TN-47 has potential as a probiotic. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the future applications of E. casseliflavus TN-47 and its secondary metabolites in animal nutrition and feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ran Peng
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Jian-Gang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Lin
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Yong-Jun Yang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
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Song Z, Li K, Li K. Acute effects of the environmental probiotics Rhodobacter sphaeroides on intestinal bacteria and transcriptome in shrimp Penaeusvannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109316. [PMID: 38142021 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a substantial number of studies have been dedicated to exploring the potential benefits of probiotics in aquaculture. Rhodobacter sphaeroides can be used in aquaculture-related environmental bioremediation, and its protein is also used as a feed additive in Penaeus vannamei culture. To investigate the effects of releasing R. sphaeroides as environmental probiotics on P. vannamei, we employed 16S rRNA gene and mRNA transcriptome sequencing. Our study focused on assessing alterations in intestinal bacteria and intestinal gene expression in P. vannamei, establishing correlations between them. Our findings revealed a significant increase in the relative abundances of Rhodobacter, Paracoccus, Sulfitobacter, and other bacterial OTUs within the intestinal bacterial community. Additionally, we observed enhanced complexity and stability in the intestinal bacterial correlation network, indicating improved synergy among bacteria and reduced competition. Moreover, the introduction of R. sphaeroides resulted in the down-regulation of certain immune genes and the up-regulation of genes linked to growth and metabolism in the intestinal tissues of P. vannamei. Importantly, we identified a noteworthy correlation between the changes in intestinal bacteria and these alterations in intestinal tissue gene expressions. By conducting analyses of the intestinal bacterial community and intestinal tissue transcriptome, this study revealed the effects of releasing R. sphaeroides as sediment probiotics in P. vannamei culture water. These results serve as vital scientific references for the application of R. sphaeroides in P. vannamei aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zule Song
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kejun Li
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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Lee SJ, Noh DI, Lee YS, Hasan MT, Hur SW, Lee S, Jeong SM, Lee JM, Lee EW, Kim KW, Jang WJ. Effects of host-associated low-temperature probiotics in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) aquaculture. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2134. [PMID: 38273006 PMCID: PMC10810782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of supplementation of low-temperature probiotics isolated from the intestines of olive flounder on the growth performance, digestibility, and regulation of intestinal microbiota and the expression of genes related to growth, immunity, and apoptosis in olive flounder. Bacteria showing high growth at approximately 15-20 °C, which is the temperature of olive flounder culture, were isolated and confirmed to be Pseudomonas species through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the strain has a 6,195,122 bp single circular chromosome and a guanine-cytosine content of 59.9%. In the feeding trial, supplementation with 1 × 108 CFU/g of the isolate strain positively modulated growth performances, digestive enzyme activity, and gut microbiota composition of olive flounder. RT-qPCR for the comparison of growth, immunity, and apoptosis-related gene expression levels showed no significant differences between the groups. Therefore, the isolated host-associated low-temperature probiotics improved the growth performance of olive flounder by causing positive changes in digestive activity and intestinal microbial composition without affecting host gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jeong Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea
| | - Da-In Noh
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea
| | - Md Tawheed Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Sang Woo Hur
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, South Korea
| | - Seunghan Lee
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, South Korea
| | - Seong-Mok Jeong
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, South Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea.
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea.
| | - Kang-Woong Kim
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, South Korea.
| | - Won Je Jang
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea.
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, South Korea.
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11
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Sun X, Fang Z, Yu H, Zhao H, Wang Y, Zhou F, Zhao L, Sun J, Tian Y. Effects of Enterococcus faecium (R8a) on nonspecific immune gene expression, immunity and intestinal flora of giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Sci Rep 2024; 14:1823. [PMID: 38245596 PMCID: PMC10799856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, Penaeus monodon were gave basic feed supplemented with three levels of Enterococcus faecium. Then, the expression of non-specific immunity-related genes, and the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), phenol oxidase (PO) were evaluated. Meanwhile, the disease resistance test and intestinal flora determination were conducted. The results showed that the MDA levels of 2% and 5% E. faecium groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). While the SOD and T-AOC and ACP and AKP of experimental groups were significantly higher (P < 0.05), the PO of experimental groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, the expressions of immunity-related genes (tlr22, dorsal, lysozyme, crustin, imd, and relish) in the 2% and 5% E. faecalis groups were significantly greater than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After P. monodon was challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus for 7 days, the average cumulative mortality of P. monodon in the 2% and 5% groups were significantly lower than that in the 0% group (P < 0.05). With the increase of feeding time, the number of effective OTUs in each group showed a downward trend. At the 14th d, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, the dominant flora in the intestinal tract of P. monodon. In summary, supplied with E. faecium could increase the expression of non-specific immunity-related genes, enhance the immune capacity of P. monodon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Sun
- Tianjin University, Environment College, 135 Yaguan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 3003506, China
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Honghao Zhao
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Falin Zhou
- Institute of South China Sea Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 Xingang West Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Tianjin University, Environment College, 135 Yaguan Road, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 3003506, China
| | - Jingfeng Sun
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Yunchen Tian
- Tianjin Agricultural University, 22 Jinjing Road, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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12
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Dekham K, Jones SM, Jitrakorn S, Charoonnart P, Thadtapong N, Intuy R, Dubbs P, Siripattanapipong S, Saksmerprome V, Chaturongakul S. Functional and genomic characterization of a novel probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii KD1 against shrimp WSSV infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21610. [PMID: 38062111 PMCID: PMC10703779 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
White Spot syndrome virus (WSSV) causes rapid shrimp mortality and production loss worldwide. This study demonstrates potential use of Lactobacillus johnsonii KD1 as an anti-WSSV agent for post larva shrimp cultivation and explores some potential mechanisms behind the anti-WSSV properties. Treatment of Penaeus vannamei shrimps with L. johnsonii KD1 prior to oral challenge with WSSV-infected tissues showed a significantly reduced mortality. In addition, WSSV copy numbers were not detected and shrimp immune genes were upregulated. Genomic analysis of L. johnsonii KD1 based on Illumina and Nanopore platforms revealed a 1.87 Mb chromosome and one 15.4 Kb plasmid. Only one antimicrobial resistance gene (ermB) in the chromosome was identified. Phylogenetic analysis comparing L. johnsonii KD1 to other L. johnsonii isolates revealed that L. johnsonii KD1 is closely related to L. johnsonii GHZ10a isolated from wild pigs. Interestingly, L. johnsonii KD1 contains isolate-specific genes such as genes involved in a type I restriction-modification system and CAZymes belonging to the GT8 family. Furthermore, genes coding for probiotic survival and potential antimicrobial/anti-viral metabolites such as a homolog of the bacteriocin helveticin-J were found. Protein-protein docking modelling suggests the helveticin-J homolog may be able to block VP28-PmRab7 interactions and interrupt WSSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Dekham
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Samuel Merryn Jones
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NZ, UK
| | - Sarocha Jitrakorn
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Patai Charoonnart
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Nalumon Thadtapong
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Rattanaporn Intuy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Padungsri Dubbs
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Vanvimon Saksmerprome
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Soraya Chaturongakul
- Molecular Medical Biosciences Cluster, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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13
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Ruiz A, Scicchitano D, Palladino G, Nanetti E, Candela M, Furones D, Sanahuja I, Carbó R, Gisbert E, Andree KB. Microbiome study of a coupled aquaponic system: unveiling the independency of bacterial communities and their beneficial influences among different compartments. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19704. [PMID: 37952071 PMCID: PMC10640640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the microbiome composition and interplay among bacterial communities in different compartments of a coupled freshwater aquaponics system growing flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and lettuces (Lactuca sativa), 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region was analysed from each compartment (fish intestine, water from the sedimentation tank, bioballs from the biological filter, water and biofilm from the hydroponic unit, and lettuce roots). The bacterial communities of each sample group showed a stable diversity during all the trial, except for the fish gut microbiota, which displayed lower alpha diversity values. Regarding beta diversity, the structure of bacterial communities belonging to the biofilm adhering to the hydroponic tank walls, bioballs, and lettuce roots resembled each other (weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances), while bacteria from water samples also clustered together. However, both of the above-mentioned bacterial communities did not resemble those of fish gut. We found a low or almost null number of shared Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) among sampled groups which indicated that each compartment worked as an independent microbiome. Regarding fish health and food safety, the microbiome profile did not reveal neither fish pathogens nor bacterial species potentially pathogenic for food health, highlighting the safety of this sustainable food production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ruiz
- Aquaculture Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540, Ràpita, Spain
| | - Daniel Scicchitano
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Palladino
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy
| | - Enrico Nanetti
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Pesaro Urbino, Italy
| | - Dolors Furones
- Aquaculture Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540, Ràpita, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sanahuja
- Aquaculture Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540, Ràpita, Spain
| | - Ricard Carbó
- Aquaculture Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540, Ràpita, Spain
| | - Enric Gisbert
- Aquaculture Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540, Ràpita, Spain.
| | - Karl B Andree
- Aquaculture Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540, Ràpita, Spain
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14
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Promrug D, Wittayacom K, Nathapanan N, Dong HT, Thongyoo P, Unajak S, Reamtong O, Boonyuen U, Aroonnual A, Shioda T, Thirapanmethee K, Arthan D. Cocultures of Enterococcus faecium and Aeromonas veronii Induce the Secretion of Bacteriocin-like Substances against Aeromonas. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16194-16203. [PMID: 37779478 PMCID: PMC10623555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were screened from Lutjanus russellii (red sea bass), and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated against two Aeromonas species isolated from the Nile tilapia, namely, Aeromonas veronii (AV) and Aeromonas jandaei (AJ). Three LAB isolates, Enterococcus faecium MU8 (EF_8), Enterococcus faecalis MU2 (EFL_2), and E. faecalis MU9 (EFL_9), were found to inhibit both AV and AJ; however, their cell-free supernatant (CFS) did not do so. Interestingly, bacteriocin-like substances (BLS) induced by cocultures of EF_8 with AV exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against both Aeromonas sp. The size of BLS was less than 1.0 kDa; the purified BLS were susceptible to proteinase K digestion, indicating that they are peptides. BLS contained 13 identified peptides derived from E. faecium, as determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Cocultures of Gram-positive-producing and -inducing LAB strains have been used to increase bacteriocin yields. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing inducible BLS produced by cocultures of Gram-positive-producing and Gram-negative-inducing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusit Promrug
- Department
of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Wittayacom
- Faculty
of Allied Health Science, Burapha University, 169 Long Had Bangsaen Rd, Saen Suk,
ChonBuri District, ChonBuri 20131, Thailand
| | - Nantipan Nathapanan
- Faculty
of Allied Health Science, Burapha University, 169 Long Had Bangsaen Rd, Saen Suk,
ChonBuri District, ChonBuri 20131, Thailand
| | - Ha Thanh Dong
- Aquaculture
and Aquatic Resources Program, Department of Food, Agriculture and
Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Nueng 12120, Thailand
| | - Panumart Thongyoo
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Phaholyothin Road, Klong Nung District, Klong
Luang, Phatum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sasimanas Unajak
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsat
University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10903, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department
of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Usa Boonyuen
- Department
of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Amornrat Aroonnual
- Department
of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Tatsuo Shioda
- Department
of Viral Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-087, Japan
| | - Krit Thirapanmethee
- Department
of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol
University. 447 Sri-Ayuthaya, Rajathevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Dumrongkiet Arthan
- Department
of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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15
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Yousefi M, Hoseini SM, Abdel Rahman AN, Vatnikov YA, Kulikov EV, Kharlitskaya EV, Seleznev SB. Effects of Dietary Limonene Supplementation on Growth Performance and Immunological Parameters of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio, Challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3197. [PMID: 37893921 PMCID: PMC10603678 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the impact of dietary limonene treatment on the growth performance, immune response, and disease resistance of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The fish were fed with either a control diet (CTL; no limonene supplementation) or four experimental diets containing 50 (50 L), 100 (100 L), 200 (200 L), and 400 (400 L) mg/kg limonene over a 70-day period, followed by Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. The 200 L treatment resulted in a significant decrease in FCR compared to the CTL treatment. The highest post-challenge mortality was associated with the CTL treatment (62.7%), while the 200 L treatment had the lowest mortality (30.7%). Before the challenge, dietary limonene significantly increased humoral and skin mucosal immune parameters compared to the CTL treatment. The highest leukocyte, lymphocyte counts, skin mucosal protease activity, and intestinal lactic acid bacteria were observed in the 200 L treatment before the challenge. The highest plasma lysozyme activity was observed in the 400 L treatment, whereas the highest skin mucosal lysozyme and peroxidase activities were observed in the 100 L and 200 L treatments before the challenge. There were no significant differences in the blood neutrophil, monocyte, and eosinophil counts, humoral alternative complement activity, skin mucosal alkaline phosphatase activity, and the intestinal total viable bacteria among the treatments before the challenge. After the challenge, the 200 L treatment exhibited the highest leukocyte, neutrophil, and monocyte count, skin mucosal immune parameters, and intestinal lactic acid bacteria, whereas the highest blood eosinophil count was observed in the 100 L, 200 L, and 400 L treatments. At this time, the lowest blood lymphocyte counts were observed in the 100 L and 200 L, but the lowest intestinal total viable bacteria were observed in the 100 L, 200 L, and 400 L treatments. Based on these findings, dietary limonene at 200 mg/kg is ideal for common carp to promote feed efficiency, innate immunity boosting, and resistance against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.K.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan 4916687631, Iran
| | - Afaf N. Abdel Rahman
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig P.O. Box 44511, Egypt;
| | - Yury Anatolyevich Vatnikov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.K.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Evgeny Vladimirovich Kulikov
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.K.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Elena Valentinovna Kharlitskaya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.K.); (S.B.S.)
| | - Sergey Borisovich Seleznev
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia; (Y.A.V.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.K.); (S.B.S.)
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16
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Mohammadian T, Momeni H, Kazemi M, Mesbah M, Abedini M, Zare M, Khosravi M, Osroosh E. Eubiotic Effect of a Dietary Bio-Aqua ® and Sodium Diformate (NaDF) on Salmo trutta caspius: Innate Immune System, Biochemical Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Expression of Immunological and Growth-Related Genes. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1342-1354. [PMID: 36074297 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of combined and singular oral administration of Bio-Aqua® with different dosages of sodium diformate (NaDF) on biochemical indices, innate immune responses, antioxidant effects, and expressions of immunological related genes of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Fingerlings Salmo trutta caspius (n = 1800; initial weight 15 ± 3 g) were randomly allocated into five groups (120 fish group-1 in triplicates). Control diet: without any addition, G1, G2, G3, and G4 received diets containing 0.2 g kg-1 commercial probiotic Bio-Aqua® combined with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% NaDF to the basal diet for 60 days according to recommended dosages reported in previous studies. Results indicated that serum bactericidal activity (G3 on day 60 and G1 on day 30) and classic complement in all groups (on day 60) (G1 and G2 on day 30) were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). The serum lysozyme, glucose, globulin, and albumin levels showed no significant differences between all groups compared to the control group (P > 0.05). On days 30 and 60 of the sampling, no significant difference was observed in the amount of superoxide disotase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) between the treatments (P > 0.05) but activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in G1 than the control (P < 0.05). The expression of the immune-regulating genes IL-10, IL-1β, GTP, FATP, and IGF was significantly improved in all probiotic + acidifier-treated groups (P < 0.05). The current findings showed that mixture of Bio-Aqua® and NaDF (1.5% + pro) is beneficial, as it effectively improves some immune parameters and expression of immunological and growth-related genes in Caspian brown trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takavar Mohammadian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Member of Excellence Center of Warm Water Fish Health, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Hossien Momeni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Kazemi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Mesbah
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Member of Excellence Center of Warm Water Fish Health, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Melika Abedini
- DVM, Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zare
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Osroosh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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17
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Sagada G, Wang L, Xu B, Sun Y, Shao Q. Interactive Effect of Dietary Heat-Killed Lactobacillus Plantarum L-137 and Berberine Supplementation on Intestinal Mucosa and Microbiota of Juvenile Black Sea Bream (Acanthopagrus Schlegelii). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10153-8. [PMID: 37740880 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
To compare the synergistic impact of dietary heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum and berberine supplementation on intestinal health of juvenile black sea bream, the test fish (5.67 ± 0.05 g) were fed three diets: a basal control diet designated as Con; basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg L. plantarum, labelled LP; and basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg L. plantarum + 50 mg/k berberine, labelled LPBB. After 56 days of feeding, the control fish had significantly lower intestinal villus height (VH), villus surface area (VSA), and muscularis mucosae (MS) thickness than the rest of the groups (P < 0.05). The LPBB fish had significantly higher VH than the control fish, and wider MS and VSA than the rest of the groups (P < 0.05). Occludin was significantly upregulated in the LPBB fish, and heat shock protein 90 was upregulated in the control fish (P < 0.05). The abundance of Proteobacteria family was significantly higher in the intestinal microbiome of the control and LP fish, the LPBB fish had higher abundance of Cyanobacteria and Spirochaetes, and the LP group had higher Bacteroidetes abundance (P < 0.05). Potentially beneficial Delftia and Brevinema were the significantly abundant genera in the LP and LPBB fish, respectively; potentially pathogenic Elizabethkingia was abundant in the LP fish; and the control fish had higher abundance of potentially pathogenic Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia (P < 0.05). According to these results, there is possible synergy between L. plantarum and berberine as dietary supplements in fostering healthy intestine for black sea bream than L. plantarum alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladstone Sagada
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Bingying Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuxiao Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingjun Shao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China.
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Cheriet S, Lengliz S, Romdhani A, Hynds P, Abbassi MS, Ghrairi T. Selection and Characterization of Bacteriocinogenic Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Intestine of Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata) and Whiting Fish ( Merlangius merlangus): Promising Strains for Aquaculture Probiotic and Food Bio-Preservation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1833. [PMID: 37763237 PMCID: PMC10532712 DOI: 10.3390/life13091833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the probiotic properties and the food preservation ability of lactic acid bacteria isolates collected from the intestines of wild marine fishes (gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) (n = 60) and whiting fish (Merlangius merlangus) (n = 40)) from the Mediterranean sea in the area of Mostaganem city, Algeria. Forty-two isolates were identified as: Enterococcus durans (n = 19), Enterococcus faecium (n = 15), Enterococcus faecalis (n = 4), Lactococcus lactis subp. lactis (n = 3), and Lactobacillus plantarum (n = 1). All isolates showed inhibition to at least one indicator strain, especially against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Paenibacillus larvae, Vibrio alginolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus subtilis. In all collected isolates, PCR analysis of enterocin-encoding genes showed the following genes: entP (n = 21), ent1071A/B (n = 11), entB (n = 8), entL50A/B (n = 7), entAS48 (n = 5), and entX (n = 1). Interestingly, 15 isolates harbored more than one ent gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility, phenotypic virulence, and genes encoding virulence factors were investigated by PCR. Resistance to tetracycline (n = 8: tetL + tetK), erythromycin (n = 7: 5 ermA, 2 msrA, and 1 mef(A/E)), ciprofloxacin (n = 1), gentamicin (n = 1: aac(6')-aph(2″)), and linezolid (n = 1) were observed. Three isolates were gelatinase producers and eight were α-hemolytic. Three E. durans and one E. faecium harbored the hyl gene. Eight isolates showing safety properties (susceptible to clinically relevant antibiotics, free of genes encoding virulence factors) were tested to select probiotic candidates. They showed high tolerance to low pH and bile salt, hydrophobicity power, and co-culture ability. The eight isolates showed important phenotypic and genotypic traits enabling them to be promising probiotic candidates or food bio-conservers and starter cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cheriet
- Institute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; (S.C.); (S.L.); (A.R.)
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology Cellular Physiopathology and Biomolecule Valorisation LR18ES03, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Sana Lengliz
- Institute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; (S.C.); (S.L.); (A.R.)
- Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Application LR11ES22, Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies, University of Carthage, Tunis 1054, Tunisia
| | - Amel Romdhani
- Institute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; (S.C.); (S.L.); (A.R.)
| | - Paul Hynds
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Mohamed Salah Abbassi
- Institute of Veterinary Research of Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia; (S.C.); (S.L.); (A.R.)
- Research Laboratory «Antimicrobial Resistance» LR99ES09, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology Cellular Physiopathology and Biomolecule Valorisation LR18ES03, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
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19
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ElHadedy DE, Kim C, Yousuf AB, Wang Z, Ndegwa EN. Understanding Age-Related Longitudinal Dynamics in Abundance and Diversity of Dominant Culturable Gut Lactic Acid Bacteria in Pastured Goats. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2669. [PMID: 37627460 PMCID: PMC10451344 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding gut lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in healthy hosts is an important first step in selecting potential probiotic species. To understand the dynamics of LAB in healthy goats, a cohort of thirty-seven healthy new-born goat kids was studied over a ten-month period. Total LAB was quantified using SYBR green qPCR. Seven hundred LAB isolates were characterized using microscopy, M13 RAPD genotyping and 16S rDNA sequencing. The highest and lowest LAB counts were detected at one week and ten months of age, respectively. Diverse LAB species were detected, whose identity and prevalence varied with age. The main isolates belonged to Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Limosilactibacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus johnsonni, Ligilactobacillus murinus, Ligilactobacillus salivarius, Limosilactobacillus mucosae, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Ligilactobacillus agilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus/amyolovolus, Pediococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. Uniquely, L. reuteri and Pediococcus spp. were most common in pre- and peri-weaned goats, while Lactobacillus mucosae and Enterococcus spp. were predominant in goats one month and older. Based on RAPD genotyping, L. reuteri had the highest genotypic diversity, with age being a factor on the genotypes detected. This data may be relevant in the selection of age-specific probiotics for goats. The findings may also have broader implications by highlighting age as a factor for consideration in probiotic bacteria selection in other animal hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa E. ElHadedy
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA; (D.E.E.); (C.K.); (A.B.Y.); (Z.W.)
- National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology NCRRT, Radiation Microbiology Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo 11787, Egypt
| | - Chyer Kim
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA; (D.E.E.); (C.K.); (A.B.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Adnan B. Yousuf
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA; (D.E.E.); (C.K.); (A.B.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhenping Wang
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA; (D.E.E.); (C.K.); (A.B.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Eunice N. Ndegwa
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA; (D.E.E.); (C.K.); (A.B.Y.); (Z.W.)
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20
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Britton AP, Visser KA, Ongenae VMA, Zhang P, Wassink H, Doerksen TA, Welke CA, Lynch KH, van Belkum MJ, Dennis JJ, Yang X, Claessen D, Briegel A, Martin-Visscher LA. Characterization of Bacteriophage cd2, a Siphophage Infecting Carnobacterium divergens and a Representative Species of a New Genus of Phage. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0097323. [PMID: 37458599 PMCID: PMC10434151 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00973-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnobacterium divergens is frequently isolated from natural environments and is a predominant species found in refrigerated foods, particularly meat, seafood, and dairy. While there is substantial interest in using C. divergens as biopreservatives and/or probiotics, some strains are known to be fish pathogens, and the uncontrolled growth of C. divergens has been associated with food spoilage. Bacteriophages offer a selective approach to identify and control the growth of bacteria; however, to date, few phages targeting C. divergens have been reported. In this study, we characterize bacteriophage cd2, which we recently isolated from minced beef. A detailed host range study reveals that phage cd2 infects certain phylogenetic groups of C. divergens. This phage has a latent period of 60 min and a burst size of ~28 PFU/infected cell. The phage was found to be acid and heat sensitive, with a complete loss of phage activity when stored at pH 2 or heated to 60°C. Electron microscopy shows that phage cd2 is a siphophage, and while it shares the B3 morphotype with a unique cluster of Listeria and Enterococcus phages, a comparison of genomes reveals that phage cd2 comprises a new genus of phage, which we have termed as Carnodivirus. IMPORTANCE Currently, very little is known about phages that infect carnobacteria, an important genus of lactic acid bacteria with both beneficial and detrimental effects in the food and aquaculture industries. This report provides a detailed characterization of phage cd2, a novel siphophage that targets Carnobacterium divergens, and sets the groundwork for understanding the biology of these phages and their potential use in the detection and biocontrol of C. divergens isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelle P. Britton
- Department of Chemistry, The King’s University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kaitlyn A. Visser
- Department of Chemistry, The King’s University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Véronique M. A. Ongenae
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Centre for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heather Wassink
- Department of Chemistry, The King’s University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas A. Doerksen
- Department of Chemistry, The King’s University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine A. Welke
- Department of Chemistry, The King’s University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karlene H. Lynch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan J. Dennis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xianqin Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dennis Claessen
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Centre for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ariane Briegel
- Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Centre for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
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21
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Leeper A, Sauphar C, Berlizot B, Ladurée G, Koppe W, Knobloch S, Skírnisdóttir S, Björnsdóttir R, Øverland M, Benhaïm D. Enhancement of Soybean Meal Alters Gut Microbiome and Influences Behavior of Farmed Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2591. [PMID: 37627382 PMCID: PMC10451335 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the worlds most domesticated fish. As production volumes increase, access to high quality and sustainable protein sources for formulated feeds of this carnivorous fish is required. Soybean meal (SBM) and soy-derived proteins are the dominant protein sources in commercial aquafeeds due to their low-cost, availability and favorable amino acid profile. However, for Atlantic salmon, the inclusion of soybean meal (SBM), and soy protein concentrate (SPC) in certain combinations can impact gut health, which has consequences for immunity and welfare, limiting the use of soy products in salmonid feeds. This study sought to address this challenge by evaluating two gut health-targeted enhancements of SBM for inclusion in freshwater phase salmon diets: enzyme pre-treatment (ETS), and addition of fructose oligosaccharide (USP). These were compared with untreated soybean meal (US) and fish meal (FM). This study took a multi-disciplinary approach, investigating the effect on growth performance, gut microbiome, and behaviors relevant to welfare in aquaculture. This study suggests that both enhancements of SBM provide benefits for growth performance compared with conventional SBM. Both SBM treatments altered fish gut microbiomes and in the case of ETS, increased the presence of the lactic acid bacteria Enterococcus. For the first time, the effects of marine protein sources and plant protein sources on the coping style of salmon were demonstrated. Fish fed SBM showed a tendency for more reactive behavior compared with those fed the FM-based control. All fish had a similar low response to elicited stress, although ETS-fed fish responded more actively than US-fed fish for a single swimming measure. Furthermore, SBM-fed fish displayed lower repeatability of behavior, which may indicate diminished welfare for intensively farmed fish. The implications of these findings for commercial salmonid aquaculture are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Leeper
- Department of Research and Innovation, Iceland Ocean Cluster, Grandagardur 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1420 Aas, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Matís Ltd., 12, Vínlandsleid, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Clara Sauphar
- Department of Research and Innovation, Matís Ltd., 12, Vínlandsleid, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University, 551 Hólar, Iceland
- Department of Biological Sciences Ålesund, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 6025 Ålesund, Norway
| | - Benoit Berlizot
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University, 551 Hólar, Iceland
| | - Gabrielle Ladurée
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University, 551 Hólar, Iceland
| | - Wolfgang Koppe
- Department of Research and Innovation, Matís Ltd., 12, Vínlandsleid, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Stephen Knobloch
- Department of Research and Innovation, Matís Ltd., 12, Vínlandsleid, 113 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Food Technology, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, 36037 Fulda, Germany
| | | | - Rannveig Björnsdóttir
- Faculty of Natural Resource Sciences, University of Akureyi, Nordurslod, 600 Akureyi, Iceland
| | - Margareth Øverland
- Department of Animal and Aquaculture Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1420 Aas, Norway
| | - David Benhaïm
- Department of Aquaculture and Fish Biology, Hólar University, 551 Hólar, Iceland
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22
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Kumar R, Huang MY, Chen CL, Wang HC, Lu HP. Resilience and probiotic interventions to prevent and recover from shrimp gut dysbiosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108886. [PMID: 37290613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To counter the recurrent outbreaks of bacterial (acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease; AHPND) and viral (white spot disease; WSD) shrimp diseases, which still remain a threat to the global industry, shrimp gut microbiota research has been gaining more attention in recent years, and the use of probiotics in aquaculture has had promising results in improving shrimp gut health and immunity. In this review based on our studies on AHPND and WSD, we summarize our current understanding of the shrimp gastrointestinal tract and the role of the microbiota in disease, as well as effects of probiotics. We focus particularly on the concept of microbiota resilience, and consider strategies that can be used to restore shrimp gut health by probiotic intervention at a crucial time during gut microbiota dysbiosis. Based on the available scientific evidence, we argue that the use of probiotics potentially has an important role in controlling disease in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center for Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ying Huang
- Division of Aquaculture, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ling Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ching Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; International Center for Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Pei Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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23
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Coulibaly WH, Kouadio NR, Camara F, Diguță C, Matei F. Functional properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Ivory Coast. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:152. [PMID: 37231432 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics have recently been applied in aquaculture as eco-friendly alternatives to antibiotics to improve fish health, simultaneously with the increase of production parameters. The present study aimed to investigate the functional potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from the gut of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) originating from the aquaculture farm of Oceanologic Research Center in Ivory Coast. RESULTS Twelve LAB strains were identified by 16 S rDNA gene sequence homology analysis belonging to two genera Pediococcus (P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus) and Lactobacillus (L. plantarum) with a predominance of P. acidilactici. Several aspects including functional, storage, and safety characteristics were taken into consideration in the selection process of the native LAB isolates as potential probiotics. All LAB isolates showed high antagonistic activity against bacterial pathogens like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the LAB isolates exhibited different degrees of cell surface hydrophobicity in the presence of hexane, xylene, and chloroform as solvents and a good ability to form biofilm. The strong antioxidant activity expressed through the DPPH scavenging capacity of LAB intact cells and their cell-free supernatants was detected. LAB strains survived between 34.18% and 49.9% when exposed to low pH (1.5) and pepsin for 3 h. In presence of 0.3% bile salts, the growth rate ranged from 0.92 to 21.46%. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of LAB isolates showed sensitivity or intermediate resistance to amoxicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, imipenem, kanamycin, penicillin, rifampicin, streptomycin, tetracycline and resistance to oxacillin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. No significant difference in antibiotic susceptibility pattern was observed between P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus strains. The non-hemolytic activity was detected. Following the analysis of the enzyme profile, the ability of LAB isolates to produce either lipase or β-galactosidase or both enzymes was highlighted. Furthermore, the efficacy of cryoprotective agents was proved to be isolate-dependent, with LAB isolates having a high affinity for D-sorbitol and sucrose. CONCLUSION The explored LAB strains inhibited the growth of pathogens and survived after exposure to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. The safety and preservative properties are desirable attributes of these new probiotic strains hence recommended for future food and feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahauwouélé Hermann Coulibaly
- Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology, Formation and Research Unit, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 59 Mărăsti Blvd, Bucharest, 011464, Romania
| | - N'goran Richard Kouadio
- Nutrition and Food Safety Laboratory, Food Science and Technology, Formation and Research Unit, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Fatoumata Camara
- Nutrition and Food Safety Laboratory, Food Science and Technology, Formation and Research Unit, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Camelia Diguță
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 59 Mărăsti Blvd, Bucharest, 011464, Romania.
| | - Florentina Matei
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, 59 Mărăsti Blvd, Bucharest, 011464, Romania
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24
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Hasan I, Rimoldi S, Saroglia G, Terova G. Sustainable Fish Feeds with Insects and Probiotics Positively Affect Freshwater and Marine Fish Gut Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1633. [PMID: 37238063 PMCID: PMC10215438 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture is the fastest-growing agricultural industry in the world. Fishmeal is an essential component of commercial fish diets, but its long-term sustainability is a concern. Therefore, it is important to find alternatives to fishmeal that have a similar nutritional value and, at the same time, are affordable and readily available. The search for high-quality alternatives to fishmeal and fish oil has interested researchers worldwide. Over the past 20 years, different insect meals have been studied as a potential alternate source of fishmeal in aquafeeds. On the other hand, probiotics-live microbial strains-are being used as dietary supplements and showing beneficial effects on fish growth and health status. Fish gut microbiota plays a significant role in nutrition metabolism, which affects a number of other physiological functions, including fish growth and development, immune regulation, and pathogen resistance. One of the key reasons for studying fish gut microbiota is the possibility to modify microbial communities that inhabit the intestine to benefit host growth and health. The development of DNA sequencing technologies and advanced bioinformatics tools has made metagenomic analysis a feasible method for researching gut microbes. In this review, we analyze and summarize the current knowledge provided by studies of our research group on using insect meal and probiotic supplements in aquafeed formulations and their effects on different fish gut microbiota. We also highlight future research directions to make insect meals a key source of proteins for sustainable aquaculture and explore the challenges associated with the use of probiotics. Insect meals and probiotics will undoubtedly have a positive effect on the long-term sustainability and profitability of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy; (I.H.); (G.T.)
| | - Simona Rimoldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy; (I.H.); (G.T.)
| | - Giulio Saroglia
- Medical Devices Area, Institute of Digital Technologies for Personalized Healthcare-MeDiTech, Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana, Via La Santa 1, CH-6962 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | - Genciana Terova
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3-21100 Varese, Italy; (I.H.); (G.T.)
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25
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Hoseinifar SH, Maradonna F, Faheem M, Harikrishnan R, Devi G, Ringø E, Van Doan H, Ashouri G, Gioacchini G, Carnevali O. Sustainable Ornamental Fish Aquaculture: The Implication of Microbial Feed Additives. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101583. [PMID: 37238012 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ornamental fish trade represents an important economic sector with an export turnover that reached approximately 5 billion US dollars in 2018. Despite its high economic importance, this sector does not receive much attention. Ornamental fish husbandry still faces many challenges and losses caused by transport stress and handling and outbreak of diseases are still to be improved. This review will provide insights on ornamental fish diseases along with the measures used to avoid or limit their onset. Moreover, this review will discuss the role of different natural and sustainable microbial feed additives, particularly probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on the health, reduction in transport stress, growth, and reproduction of farmed ornamental fish. Most importantly, this review aims to fill the informational gaps existing in advanced and sustainable practices in the ornamental fish production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Francesca Maradonna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Mehwish Faheem
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram 631501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunapathy Devi
- Department of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti 621007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Einar Ringø
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ghasem Ashouri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gioacchini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Abd Mutalib N, Syed Mohamad SA, Jusril NA, Hasbullah NI, Mohd Amin MCI, Ismail NH. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and Neuroprotection, What Is New? An Up-To-Date Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:712. [PMID: 37242494 PMCID: PMC10221206 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the potential role of probiotics has become prominent in the discoveries of neurotherapy against neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exhibit neuroprotective properties and exert their effects via various mechanisms of actions. This review aimed to evaluate the effects of LAB on neuroprotection reported in the literature. METHODS A database search on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct revealed a total of 467 references, of which 25 were included in this review based on inclusion criteria which comprises 7 in vitro, 16 in vivo, and 2 clinical studies. RESULTS From the studies, LAB treatment alone or in probiotics formulations demonstrated significant neuroprotective activities. In animals and humans, LAB probiotics supplementation has improved memory and cognitive performance mainly via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. CONCLUSIONS Despite promising findings, due to limited studies available in the literature, further studies still need to be explored regarding synergistic effects, efficacy, and optimum dosage of LAB oral bacteriotherapy as treatment or prevention against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurliana Abd Mutalib
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Aminah Syed Mohamad
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Atiqah Jusril
- Faculty Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Intan Hasbullah
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Kuala Pilah 72000, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
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Combined effects of Spirulina platensis and Pediococcus acidilactici on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidative status, and immune genes in zebrafish. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The combined effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) and Pediococcus acidilactici (PA) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidative status, and immune genes in zebrafish were investigated in the present study. Four experimental diets were designed: control and three test diets mixed with SP at 2.5%, PA at 107 CFU/g, or a combination of 2.5% SP and 107 CFU/g PA. After 56 days, fish treated with PA and SP mixture had higher final weight, weight gain, SGR, and lower FCR than fish fed the control and SP diets (P<0.05). The results also illustrated that fish fed PA, SP, and their mixture had higher (P<0.05) protease and amylase activities than the control. The lipase activity was significantly higher in fish treated with PA or the mixture of PA and SP than in the control (P<0.05). The alternative complement pathway (ACH50) and lysozyme activity in the mucus samples of fish treated with PA or both PA and SP were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in fish treated with the control and SP diets. The total immunoglobulin level in the skin mucus was significantly higher (P<0.05) in fish fed PA than in control. In the body homogenates samples, the lysozyme activity and immunoglobulin levels were markedly higher (P<0.05) in fish treated with the mixture of PA and SP than in the control. The dietary PA and SP diet mixture improved the glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidative capacity. The expression of IL-1β and IL-8 genes in fish treated with PA or the mixture of PA and SP was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in fish treated with the control or SP diets. Fish treated with PA, SP, or both PA and SP had marked (P<0.05) upregulation of the lysozyme gene expression. In conclusion, the mixture of S. platensis and P. acidilactici is more effective than using each individually for improving the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and the immune and antioxidative capacity of zebrafish.
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Drici H, Adhikary ND, Villinger F, Hansen EB. Dried Raw Camel Milk Spot (“DRCMS”) as a Simple and Efficient Microsampling Method from Hot and Remote Regions for Mesophilic Aerobe Count and Lactofermentation Microbiota Activity Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-023-02453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Rocha SDC, Lei P, Morales-Lange B, Mydland LT, Øverland M. From a cell model to a fish trial: Immunomodulatory effects of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a functional ingredient in aquafeeds for salmonids. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125702. [PMID: 36993984 PMCID: PMC10040762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Paraprobiotics (dead/inactivated probiotics) are promising candidates in functional feeds to promote growth performance, modulate intestinal microbiota and enhance immune response of fish. During industrial production, fish are exposed to several stressful conditions such as handling, sub-optimal nutrition and diseases that can lead to reduced growth, increased mortalities and large economical losses. Such problems can be mitigated by use of functional feeds, leading to more-sustainable aquaculture and improved animal welfare. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain L-137 is a common bacterium found in fermented Southeast Asian dish made from fish and rice. The benefits of its heat-killed form (HK L-137) related to growth performance and immunomodulation have been studied in farmed fish such as Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) and bighead catfish (Clarias macrocephalus). To study if such benefits can also be observed in salmonids, we worked both at in vitro level using an intestinal epithelium cell line from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; RTgutGC) stimulated with HK L-137 (Feed LP20™) and at in vivo level with pre-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed HK L-137 at different inclusion levels (20, 100 and 500 mg of Feed LP20™ kg-1 feed). In RTgutGC, the results showed that the barrier function of the cell monolayer was strengthened along with an increased production of IL-1β and a decreased production of Anxa1, indicating a modulation of the immune response. Interestingly, a similar trend was detected at the in vivo level in distal intestine from fish fed the highest inclusion level of HK L-137. Here, a lower production of Anxa1 was also detected (after a 61-day feeding period) in addition to an increase of total plasma IgM in the same group. Furthermore, the RNA-seq analysis showed that HK L-137 was able to modulate the gene expression of pathways related to molecular function, biological process and cellular component in distal intestine, without compromising fish performance and gut microbiota. Taken together, our study has shown that HK L-137 can modulate physiological response of Atlantic salmon, making fish more robust against stressful conditions during production.
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30
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Gao S, Chen W, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Chang K, Huang Y. Guar gum improves growth performance, intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and hepatic lipid metabolism in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed high-fat diets. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123807. [PMID: 36828086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effects of guar gum on the growth performance, gut microbiota composition, and hepatic lipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed high-fat diets. Experimental fish were fed a normal-fat diet (Control), high-fat diet (HF), or HF diets supplemented with 0.3 %, 1 %, and 3 % guar gum (GG0.3, GG1, and GG3, respectively) for eight weeks. The results showed that HF significantly decreased fish growth performance, increased hepatic lipid accumulation, upregulated the expression of sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1 (SREBP1), and downregulated the expression of liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1), and CYP8B1, compared to Control. However, these problems of high-fat diets were significantly alleviated by GG 0.3. The intestinal microbial communities of the GG0.3 and Control were similar but distinctly different from that of the HF group. Compared to HF, GG0.3 significantly increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Lactococcus and decreased the relative abundance of Tenericutes, Mesomycoplasma, and Phenylobacterium. In addition, the GG0.3 and GG1 treatments significantly enhanced the bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in the digesta compared to HF. In conclusion, 0.3 % guar gum supplementation can improve growth performance, intestinal health, and hepatic lipid metabolism in fish fed high-fat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China.
| | - Weijun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Kuo Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yuchao Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
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Ma X, Li J, Chen B, Li X, Ling Z, Feng S, Cao S, Zuo Z, Deng J, Huang X, Cai D, Wen Y, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Peng G, Jiang Y, Gu Y. Analysis of microbial diversity in the feces of Arborophila rufipectus. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1075041. [PMID: 36817108 PMCID: PMC9932278 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1075041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal microbiota composition plays a crucial role in modulating the health of the host. This evaluation indicator is very sensitive and profoundly impacts the protection of endangered species. Currently, information on the gut microbiota of wild birds remains scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the gut microbial community structure and potentially, the pathogen composition of wild Arborophila rufipectus. Methods To guarantee comprehensive data analysis, we collected fecal samples from wild A. rufipectus and Lophura nycthemera in their habitats for two quarters. The 16S rRNA gene was then sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology to examine the intestinal core microbiota, microbial diversity, and potential pathogens with the aim of determining if the composition of the intestinal microflora varies seasonally. Results and Discussion The gut microbiota of A. rufipectus and L. nycthemera primarily comprised four phyla: Proteobacteria (45.98%), Firmicutes (35.65%), Bacteroidetes (11.77%), and Actinobacteria (3.48%), which accounted for 96.88% of the total microbial composition in all samples. At the genus level, core microorganisms were found, including Shigella (10.38%), Clostridium (6.16%), Pseudomonas (3.03%), and Rickettsiella (1.99%). In these genera, certain microbial species have been shown to be pathogenic. This study provides important indicators for analyzing the health status of A. rufipectus and formulating protective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junshu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Benping Chen
- Authority of Administration, Sichuan Laojunshan National Nature Reserve, Yibin, China
| | - Xinni Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenwen Ling
- Authority of Administration, Sichuan Laojunshan National Nature Reserve, Yibin, China
| | - Shenglin Feng
- Authority of Administration, Sichuan Laojunshan National Nature Reserve, Yibin, China
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongjie Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaozhang Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yaozhang Jiang, ; Yu Gu,
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yaozhang Jiang, ; Yu Gu,
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Response of Intestinal Microbiota of Tiger Puffer ( Takifugu rubripes) to the Fish Oil Finishing Strategy. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010208. [PMID: 36677500 PMCID: PMC9862291 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The fish oil finishing (FOF) strategy, that is, re-feeding fish with fish oil (FO)-based diet after a certain period of feeding with alternative lipid source-based diets. On tiger puffer, the present study investigated the response of intestinal microbiota to FOF. Fish were fed four diets based on FO, soybean oil, palm oil and beef tallow as lipid sources, respectively, firstly for 50 days (growing-out period), and then fed the FO-based diet for 30 more days (FOF period). The results showed that dietary terrestrially sourced oils impaired the intestinal function in the growing-out period. However, the activities of amylase, trypsin and anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, T-AOC), as well as gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β) and tight junction protein (Claudin4, Claudin7, Claudin18, JAM, ZO-1) in the intestine were significantly recovered by FOF. The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that FOF improved the similarity of bacterial community among the groups. The MetaStat analysis confirmed that FOF regulated the abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria (Lachnospiraceae, Eubacterium, Butyricicoccus, Clostridium and Roseburia) and bacteria related to digestion and absorption (Sphingomonas, Romboutsia and Brevibacillus). In conclusion, FOF can recover the intestine function. The intestinal microbiota probably participated in and played a key role in the recovery process.
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Nandi SK, Suma AY, Rashid A, Kabir MA, Goh KW, Abdul Kari Z, Van Doan H, Zakaria NNA, Khoo MI, Seong Wei L. The Potential of Fermented Water Spinach Meal as a Fish Meal Replacement and the Impacts on Growth Performance, Reproduction, Blood Biochemistry and Gut Morphology of Female Stinging Catfish ( Heteropneustes fossilis). Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13010176. [PMID: 36676125 PMCID: PMC9863030 DOI: 10.3390/life13010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and development of a new plant-based feed ingredient as an alternative protein source to FM have gained the interest of the aquafeed industrial players. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the physical, biochemical, and bacteriological properties of dietary FWM and the impacts on the growth and reproductive performances of farmed female stinging catfish, H. fossilis broodstock. Five experimental diets were formulated with different FWM inclusion (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). Fatty acid profiles such as 4:0, 10:0, 20:0, 21:0, 22:0, 24:0, 20:1n9, 18:3n6, 20:3n6, 20:4n6, and 22:6n3 were found in higher levels in FWM compared to the water spinach meal (WM). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in the physical properties of the FWM experimental diets (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the experimental feed with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% FWM were more palatable to the broodstock than 100% FWM. The number of total bacteria (TB) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in catfish diets exhibited a rising trend with an increase in FWM, while 50% of FWM-fed fish intestines had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher TB and LAB than other treatment groups. The growth, feed utilization, and reproductive variables of H. fossilis were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by FWM inclusion at various levels. Moreover, the significantly (p < 0.05) highest oocytes weight, fertilization, egg ripeness, and ovipositor diameter were observed in the treatment of 50% FWM diet treatment group. In addition, the spawning response was 100% in all treatments except for the control group (66.67%). Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the hematological and serum biochemical indices in most treatment groups. In addition, the histological analysis of H. fossilis midintestinal tissue indicated that the fish fed with a 50% FWM diet had an unbroken epithelial barrier with more goblet cell arrangements and a well-organized villi structure and tunica muscularis compared to other treatment groups. These outcomes suggested that FWM at 50% inclusion is an adequate protein supplement for fish feed, resulting in better growth, reproductive performance, and health of H. fossilis broodstock development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Kumar Nandi
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Afrina Yeasmin Suma
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Aminur Rashid
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Anamul Kabir
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.A.K.); (K.W.G.); (Z.A.K.)
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.A.K.); (K.W.G.); (Z.A.K.)
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.A.K.); (K.W.G.); (Z.A.K.)
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 HuayKeaw Rd., Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nik Nur Azwanida Zakaria
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
- Department of Agro-Based Industry, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
| | - Martina Irwan Khoo
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Lee Seong Wei
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Malaysia
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Bruno A, Cafiso A, Sandionigi A, Galimberti A, Magnani D, Manfrin A, Petroni G, Casiraghi M, Bazzocchi C. Red mark syndrome: Is the aquaculture water microbiome a keystone for understanding the disease aetiology? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1059127. [PMID: 36922974 PMCID: PMC10010170 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1059127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture significantly contributes to the growing demand for food worldwide. However, diseases associated with intensive aquaculture conditions, especially the skin related syndromes, may have significant implications on fish health and industry. In farmed rainbow trout, red mark syndrome (RMS), which consists of multiple skin lesions, currently lacks recognized aetiological agents, and increased efforts are needed to elucidate the onset of these conditions. Most of the past studies were focused on analyzing skin lesions, but no study focused on water, a medium constantly interacting with fish. Indeed, water tanks are environmental niches colonized by microbial communities, which may be implicated in the onset of the disease. Here, we present the results of water and sediment microbiome analyses performed in an RMS-affected aquaculture facility, bringing new knowledge about the environmental microbiomes harbored under these conditions. On the whole, no significant differences in the bacterial community structure were reported in RMS-affected tanks compared to the RMS-free ones. However, we highlighted significant differences in microbiome composition when analyzing different samples source (i.e., water and sediments). Looking at the finer scale, we measured significant changes in the relative abundances of specific taxa in RMS-affected tanks, especially when analyzing water samples. Our results provide worthwhile insight into a mostly uncharacterized ecological scenario, aiding future studies on the aquaculture built environment for disease prevention and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Bruno
- ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cafiso
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Galimberti
- ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Magnani
- ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Amedeo Manfrin
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of the Venezie (IZSVe), Legnaro, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Casiraghi
- ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bazzocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
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Contente D, Díaz-Rosales P, Feito J, Díaz-Formoso L, Docando F, Simón R, Borrero J, Hernández PE, Poeta P, Muñoz-Atienza E, Cintas LM, Tafalla C. Immunomodulatory effects of bacteriocinogenic and non-bacteriocinogenic Lactococcus cremoris of aquatic origin on rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1178462. [PMID: 37153602 PMCID: PMC10159052 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1178462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are a group of bacteria frequently proposed as probiotics in aquaculture, as their administration has shown to confer positive effects on the growth, survival rate to pathogens and immunological status of the fish. In this respect, the production of antimicrobial peptides (referred to as bacteriocins) by LAB is a common trait thoroughly documented, being regarded as a key probiotic antimicrobial strategy. Although some studies have pointed to the direct immunomodulatory effects of these bacteriocins in mammals, this has been largely unexplored in fish. To this aim, in the current study, we have investigated the immunomodulatory effects of bacteriocins, by comparing the effects of a wild type nisin Z-expressing Lactococcus cremoris strain of aquatic origin to those exerted by a non-bacteriocinogenic isogenic mutant and a recombinant nisin Z, garvicin A and Q-producer multi-bacteriocinogenic strain. The transcriptional response elicited by the different strains in the rainbow trout intestinal epithelial cell line (RTgutGC) and in splenic leukocytes showed significant differences. Yet the adherence capacity to RTgutGC was similar for all strains. In splenocyte cultures, we also determined the effects of the different strains on the proliferation and survival of IgM+ B cells. Finally, while the different LAB elicited respiratory burst activity similarly, the bacteriocinogenic strains showed an increased ability to induce the production of nitric oxide (NO). The results obtained reveal a superior capacity of the bacteriocinogenic strains to modulate different immune functions, pointing to a direct immunomodulatory role of the bacteriocins, mainly nisin Z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Contente
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Díaz-Rosales
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health and Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Feito
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Díaz-Formoso
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Docando
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health and Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Simón
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health and Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Borrero
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo E. Hernández
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Estefanía Muñoz-Atienza
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M. Cintas
- Grupo de Seguridad y Calidad de los Alimentos por Bacterias Lácticas, Bacteriocinas y Probióticos (SEGABALBP), Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health and Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carolina Tafalla,
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Influence of laurel (Laurus nobilis) essential oil on gut function of Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax) juveniles. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:390. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li S, Luo X, Liao Z, Liang M, Xu H, Mai K, Zhang Y. Effects of Lysophosphatidylcholine on Intestinal Health of Turbot Fed High-Lipid Diets. Nutrients 2022; 14:4398. [PMID: 36297082 PMCID: PMC9611283 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted, where turbot were fed four experimental diets, containing different LPC levels (0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5%, named LPC0, LPC0.1, LPC0.25, and LPC0.5, respectively). The intestinal morphology results showed that there were no widened lamina propria and mixed inflammatory cells in the LPC-supplemented groups. Dietary LPC remarkably decreased the expression of TLRs (TLR3, TLR8, TLR9, and TLR22), MyD88, and signaling molecules (NF-κB, JNK, and AP-1). Similarly, diets with LPC supplementation markedly depressed the gene expression of NF-κB and JNK signaling pathway downstream genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, Caspase9, and Caspase-3). Furthermore, dietary LPC modified the intestinal microbial profiles, increasing the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids-producers, lactic acid bacteria, and digestive enzyme-producing bacteria. Predictive functions of intestinal microbiota showed that turbot fed LPC diets had a relatively higher abundance of functions, such as lipid metabolism and immune system, but a lower abundance of functions, such as metabolic diseases and immune system diseases. The activities of intestinal acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were also increased by dietary LPC. In conclusion, LPC supplementation could regulate the intestinal mucosal barrier via the TLR signaling pathway and alter the intestinal microbiota profile of turbot fed high-lipid diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhangbin Liao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengqing Liang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Houguo Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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Fan X, Li X, Du L, Li J, Xu J, Shi Z, Li C, Tu M, Zeng X, Wu Z, Pan D. The effect of natural plant-based homogenates as additives on the quality of yogurt: A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu X, Rong N, Sun W, Jian S, Chao J, Chen C, Chen R, Ding R, Chen C, Liu Y, Zhang X. The identification of polyvalent protective immunogens and immune abilities from the outer membrane proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila in fish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:101-112. [PMID: 35926820 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Among aquaculture vaccines, polyvalent vaccines (for immunoprotection against multiple bacterial species) are more efficient and can better avoid bacterial resistance and antibiotic residues in fish. Here, 15 outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Aeromonas hydrophila were cloned and purified, and mouse antisera were prepared. Passive immunization to Carassius auratus showed that four OMPs sera (OmpW, OmpAII, P5, and AHA2685) and the entire OMPs serum held effective immunoprotection against A. hydrophila infection. Furthermore, the active immunization of four OMPs to C. auratus showed that OmpW, OmpAII, P5, and AHA2685 held effective immunoprotection against A. hydrophila, and OmpW held active cross-protection against Vibrio alginolyticus. The mechanisms of these four candidate vaccines in triggering immune responses were subsequently explored. They all could activate innate immune responses in active immunization, down-regulate (p < 0.05) the inflammation-related genes expression to reduce the inflammatory reaction induced by A. hydrophila, and down-regulate (p < 0.05) antioxidant-related factors to reduce the antioxidant reaction for bacterial infection. Noteablely, the four OMPs had protective abilities on kidney and spleen tissues of C. auratus after challenged with A. hydrophila and V. alginolyticus by histopathological observation. Collectively, our results identify OmpW as a polyvalent vaccine candidate, and OmpAII, P5, and AHA2685 as vaccine candidates against A. hydrophila infection in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, China.
| | - Na Rong
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Sijie Jian
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Jia Chao
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Chunlin Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, China.
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Institute for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723000, China; Centre of Molecular & Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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40
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Pereira WA, Mendonça CMN, Urquiza AV, Marteinsson VÞ, LeBlanc JG, Cotter PD, Villalobos EF, Romero J, Oliveira RPS. Use of Probiotic Bacteria and Bacteriocins as an Alternative to Antibiotics in Aquaculture. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091705. [PMID: 36144306 PMCID: PMC9503917 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their use in human medicine, antimicrobials are also used in food animals and aquaculture, and their use can be categorized as therapeutic against bacterial infections. The use of antimicrobials in aquaculture may involve a broad environmental application that affects a wide variety of bacteria, promoting the spread of bacterial resistance genes. Probiotics and bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides produced by some types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), have been successfully tested in aquatic animals as alternatives to control bacterial infections. Supplementation might have beneficial impacts on the intestinal microbiota, immune response, development, and/or weight gain, without the issues associated with antibiotic use. Thus, probiotics and bacteriocins represent feasible alternatives to antibiotics. Here, we provide an update with respect to the relevance of aquaculture in the animal protein production sector, as well as the present and future challenges generated by outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance, while highlighting the potential role of probiotics and bacteriocins to address these challenges. In addition, we conducted data analysis using a simple linear regression model to determine whether a linear relationship exists between probiotic dose added to feed and three variables of interest selected, including specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and lysozyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellison Amorim Pereira
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Miguel N. Mendonça
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jean Guy LeBlanc
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucuman T4000, Argentina
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, APC Microbiome Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Elías Figueroa Villalobos
- Nucleus of Research in Food Production, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutricion y Tecnologia de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, El Libano 5524, Santiago 783090, Chile
| | - Ricardo P. S. Oliveira
- Microbial Biomolecules Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo University, Rua do Lago 250, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
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Porter D, Peggs D, McGurk C, Martin SAM. Immune responses to prebiotics in farmed salmonid fish: How transcriptomic approaches help interpret responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:35-47. [PMID: 35667538 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within aquaculture, prebiotics are composed of complex carbohydrate molecules that cannot be digested by the fish directly but are metabolised by the microbial communities within the host gut, with the desire that "healthy" bacterial species are promoted with subsequently improved performance of the fish, there are likely some direct responses of intestinal cells to these dietary components. The sources and processing of prebiotics, which fall under the overarching theme of "functional feeds" are highly varied between species and types of prebiotics administered. How these feeds exert their effect, and the host responses are hard to determine, but new technologies and the development of high-throughput technologies (omics) are enabling the mechanisms and methods of action to be further understood. The recent advances in the availability of 'omics' technologies with the transition from single gene assays to microarray and RNA-seq in fish health have enabled novel functional ingredients to be analysed. This review will focus on recent studies on targeted gene expression and 'omics' technologies to characterize immune responses. Comparisons between the immunomodulatory effect of different prebiotics have been made and specific examples of how transcriptomics techniques have been used to identify immune responses to prebiotics are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Porter
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24, 2TZ, UK
| | - D Peggs
- Skretting ARC, Sjøhagen 15, 4016 Stavanger, Norway
| | - C McGurk
- Skretting ARC, Sjøhagen 15, 4016 Stavanger, Norway
| | - S A M Martin
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24, 2TZ, UK.
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Rabelo-Ruiz M, Newman-Portela AM, Peralta-Sánchez JM, Martín-Platero AM, Agraso MDM, Bermúdez L, Aguinaga MA, Baños A, Maqueda M, Valdivia E, Martínez-Bueno M. Beneficial Shifts in the Gut Bacterial Community of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Juveniles Supplemented with Allium-Derived Compound Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141821. [PMID: 35883368 PMCID: PMC9312144 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aquaculture plays an important role in supplying global food demand and protein sources. The increasing restriction of drugs in fish production has forced this sector to carry out changes in the management of farms. Functional feed additives such as probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenics have been proposed in order to maintain or improve productive levels and general health status of fish. In this study, we explore the effects of Allium-derived food additives in the bacterial community and growth of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. We found that this additive produced significant changes in bacterial community of the hindgut. In this sense, this shift occurred towards a more diverse microbiota. Especially relevant is the decrease in the populations of potential pathogenic bacteria as Vibrio and Pseudomonas, while this additive enhanced Lactobacillus, a well-known beneficial genus. Our work shows that the addition of PTSO has beneficial effects on bacterial communities while keeping productive parameters on fish growth. Abstract This study analyzes the potential use of an Allium-derived compound, propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO), as a functional feed additive in aquaculture. Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles had their diet supplemented with this Allium-derived compound (150 mg/kg of PTSO) and were compared with control fish. The effects of this organosulfur compound were tested by measuring the body weight and analyzing the gut microbiota after 12 weeks. The relative abundance of potentially pathogenic Vibrio and Pseudomonas in the foregut and hindgut of supplemented fish significantly decreased, while potentially beneficial Lactobacillus increased compared to in the control fish. Shannon’s alpha diversity index significantly increased in both gut regions of fish fed with a PTSO-supplemented diet. Regarding beta diversity, significant differences between treatments only appeared in the hindgut when minority ASVs were taken into account. No differences occurred in body weight during the experiment. These results indicate that supplementing the diet with Allium-derived PTSO produced beneficial changes in the intestinal microbiota while maintaining the productive parameters of gilthead seabream juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Rabelo-Ruiz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Antonio M. Newman-Portela
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Juan Manuel Peralta-Sánchez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.P.-S.); (M.M.-B.)
| | - Antonio Manuel Martín-Platero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
| | - María del Mar Agraso
- Aquaculture Technology Centre of Andalusia, CTAQUA. Muelle Comercial s/n, El Puerto de Santa María, 11500 Cádiz, Spain; (M.d.M.A.); (L.B.)
| | - Laura Bermúdez
- Aquaculture Technology Centre of Andalusia, CTAQUA. Muelle Comercial s/n, El Puerto de Santa María, 11500 Cádiz, Spain; (M.d.M.A.); (L.B.)
| | - María Arántzazu Aguinaga
- Departamento de Microbiología y Biotecnología, DMC Research Center, Camino de Jayena s/n, 18620 Granada, Spain; (M.A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Alberto Baños
- Departamento de Microbiología y Biotecnología, DMC Research Center, Camino de Jayena s/n, 18620 Granada, Spain; (M.A.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Mercedes Maqueda
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Eva Valdivia
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez-Bueno
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.R.-R.); (A.M.N.-P.); (A.M.M.-P.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.P.-S.); (M.M.-B.)
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Ehsannia S, Ahari H, Kakoolaki S, Anvar SA, Yousefi S. Effects of probiotics on Zebrafish model infected with Aeromonas hydrophila: spatial distribution, antimicrobial, and histopathological investigation. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:167. [PMID: 35761217 PMCID: PMC9235220 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Usage of “probiotics” for treatment of food-borne pathogens associated diseases, makes a significant reduction in transmission of resistant bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance genes from aquaculture environments to humans. In this research, the authors aim to evaluate the immunomodulatory, and histological effects of two probiotic strains on the Zebrafish model. Fish models were treated with Lactobacillus delbrueckii (G2), Lactobacillus acidophilus (G3) and both probiotics (G4) and compared with the control group (G1) (only infected by pathogen and receiving no probiotic). Biometric tests, height, weight, and mortality rate of the fishes were assessed. Afterward, RT-PCR was conducted for bacterial existence of probiotic strains, and quantitative assessment of alterations in targeted immune genes. Subsequently, histological sampling was done for investigation of spatial distribution, and villus length in proximal, middle, and distal sections of intestinal tissues. Based on the results, G4 showed the highest gene expression for Lactobacillus acidophilus after 28 days (P < 0.05). G4 also showed an increase in the number of goblet cells and villus length in the middle and distal sections of intestinal tissue after 56 days. Furthermore, after 56 days, the highest number of intraepithelial cells was observed in the proximal sections of intestinal tissue in G4. G2 and G3 showed significant differences in comparison with G1 (P < 0.05). After 60 days, the highest gene expression for Lactobacillus bulgaricus was found in group treated with only this probiotic bacteria. The highest expression level of IL-1β and TNF-α were found in G1. The highest survival rate was in the case of groups only treated with Lactobacillus bulgaricus (G2). To sum up, it seems that usage of probiotics for the improvement of public health and fisheries industries can be helpful.
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Parshukov AN, Fokina NN, Sukhovskaya IV, Kantserova NP, Lysenko LA. Infection and antibiotic treatment have prolonged effect on gut microbiota, muscle and hepatic fatty acids in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1709-1724. [PMID: 35717574 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota and bacterium-specific fatty acid occurrence in the muscle and hepatic lipids of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792), both healthy and those naturally infected with bacterial pathogens. METHODS AND RESULTS From June 2017 (L1) to September 2018 (L8), 74 specimens of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (with the average weight from 139.2 ± 7.1 g (L1) to 2191.7 ± 85.1 g (L8)) were studied. Amplicon sequencing targeted to the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene fragments is used for identification of taxonomic composition of gut bacterial communities. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, and Fusobacteria were the major phyla. Besides behavioural and physiological manifestations of the bacterial mixed disease (yersiniosis, pseudomonosis, and flavobacteriosis), some disorders induced both the infection and followed antibiotic treatment were detected in the host organism, including (1) a progressive decrease in the content of odd-chain saturated fatty acids of bacterial origin within the trout lipid molecules and (2) abnormalities in trout GI tract microbiota, such as the elimination of LAB and progressive occurrence of certain bacterial taxa, particularly Mycoplasmataceae. CONCLUSIONS The GI bacterial flora varied principally due to Mycoplasmataceae and Lactobacillaceae, which could be considered in the search for bioindicators. The content of specific bacterium-derived fatty acids incorporated into the lipids of trout muscle and hepatic seems to be related to the prevalence of bacterial taxa, and their deficit could be regarded as an early warning sign of microbiota disturbance. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY Our results demonstrated that infectious disease and antibiotic treatment of reared species can cause pertinent imbalance in their gut microbiota and reduce the abundance of specific fatty acids. This can be useful for the sustainable aquaculture industry due to development of early indication technologies for rapid disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Parshukov
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - N N Fokina
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - I V Sukhovskaya
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - N P Kantserova
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - L A Lysenko
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia
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Chen X, Sun C, Dong J, Li W, Tian Y, Hu J, Ye X. Comparative Analysis of the Gut Microbiota of Mandarin Fish ( Siniperca chuatsi) Feeding on Compound Diets and Live Baits. Front Genet 2022; 13:797420. [PMID: 35664316 PMCID: PMC9158118 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.797420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Siniperca chuatsi feeds on live fry throughout their life. The sustainable development of its farming industry has urgently necessitated the development of artificial diets to substitute live baits. It has been demonstrated that gut microbiota assists in feed adaptation and improves the feed conversion rate in fish. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the potential role of intestinal microorganisms in the domestication of S. chuatsi with a compound diet. Accordingly, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbial communities in S. chuatsi groups that were fed a compound diet (including large and small individuals) and live baits. A total of 2,471 OTUs were identified, and the large individual group possessed the highest number of unique OTUs. The α-diversity index of the gut microbiota in groups that were fed a compound diet was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that in the live bait group. There were no significant differences in the α-diversity between the large and small individual groups. However, relatively higher numbers of Lactococcus, Klebsiella, and Woeseia were observed in the intestines of the large individual group. Prediction of the metabolic function of the microbiota among these three fish groups by Tax4Fun revealed that most metabolic pathways, such as glycan metabolism and amino acid metabolism, were typically more enriched for the larger individuals. The results indicated that certain taxa mentioned above exist in large individuals and may be closely related to the digestion and absorption of compound diets. The present study provides a basis for understanding the utilization mechanism of artificial feed by S. chuatsi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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46
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Aragão C, Gonçalves AT, Costas B, Azeredo R, Xavier MJ, Engrola S. Alternative Proteins for Fish Diets: Implications beyond Growth. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1211. [PMID: 35565636 PMCID: PMC9103129 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture has been challenged to find alternative ingredients to develop innovative feed formulations that foster a sustainable future growth. Given the most recent trends in fish feed formulation on the use of alternative protein sources to decrease the dependency of fishmeal, it is fundamental to evaluate the implications of this new paradigm for fish health and welfare. This work intends to comprehensively review the impacts of alternative and novel dietary protein sources on fish gut microbiota and health, stress and immune responses, disease resistance, and antioxidant capacity. The research results indicate that alternative protein sources, such as terrestrial plant proteins, rendered animal by-products, insect meals, micro- and macroalgae, and single cell proteins (e.g., yeasts), may negatively impact gut microbiota and health, thus affecting immune and stress responses. Nevertheless, some of the novel protein sources, such as insects and algae meals, have functional properties and may exert an immunostimulatory activity. Further research on the effects of novel protein sources, beyond growth, is clearly needed. The information gathered here is of utmost importance, in order to develop innovative diets that guarantee the production of healthy fish with high quality standards and optimised welfare conditions, thus contributing to a sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Aragão
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.X.); (S.E.)
| | - Ana Teresa Gonçalves
- GreenCoLab—Associação Oceano Verde, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- SPAROS Lda, 8700-221 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Benjamín Costas
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.C.); (R.A.)
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azeredo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (B.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Maria João Xavier
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.X.); (S.E.)
| | - Sofia Engrola
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (M.J.X.); (S.E.)
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47
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Eissa ESH, Baghdady ES, Gaafar AY, El-Badawi AA, Bazina WK, Abd Al-Kareem OM, Abd El-Hamed NNB. Assessing the Influence of Dietary Pediococcus acidilactici Probiotic Supplementation in the Feed of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) (Linnaeus, 1758) on Farm Water Quality, Growth, Feed Utilization, Survival Rate, Body Composition, Blood Biochemical Parameters, and Intestinal Histology. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:1-11. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5841220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The probiotics are being used as ecofriendly and bioremediation tools for developing sustainability to aquaculture. The present study was conducted to explore the practical capability of using dietary lactic acid bacteria (Pediococcus acidilactici) probiotics and see how its dose variation affected the water quality, growth performance, survival rate, body composition, blood biochemical parameters, and intestinal histology of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). A total of 120 fingerlings with an initial weight of
g were divided into four groups, each with three replicates. The feeding experiment lasted for 60 days. In addition to the control (without probiotics) (T0), fish were fed diets containing (T1) 2.0, (T2) 2.5, and (T3) 3.0 g of probiotics per kg of diet twice a day. When compared to the control, sea bass fed probiotic-supplemented diets had significantly higher growth parameters, fish body “crude lipid,” and villi height (
,
, and
). The P. acidilactici probiotic treatments improved survival rate, feed conversion ratio, body composition, and blood biochemical markers, but not statistically significant (
). Also, in regard to water quality, P. acidilactici drastically reduced ammonia and pH levels. In this experiment, fish fed with a dosage of 3.0 g of this commercial probiotic per kg of probiotics performed better. The study found that including probiotics in the diets of European sea bass improved growth, body composition, survival rate, blood biochemical markers, intestinal histology, and some water quality parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elsayed S. Baghdady
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish & Fisheries Technology, Aswan University, Egypt
| | - Alkhateib Y. Gaafar
- Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. El-Badawi
- Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Sharkia, Egypt
- Biology Department, University College, Umm-Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa K. Bazina
- Fish Rearing and Aquaculture Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt
| | - Omayma M. Abd Al-Kareem
- Department of Fish Health and Diseases, Faculty of Fish & Fisheries Technology, Aswan University, Egypt
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48
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Liu Y, Lv H, Xu L, Zhang K, Mei Y, Chen J, Wang M, Guan Y, Pang H, Wang Y, Tan Z. The Effect of Dietary Lactic Acid Bacteria on Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Responses of Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus) Under Water Temperature Decrease. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847167. [PMID: 35509308 PMCID: PMC9058164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature changes have a great impact on fish feeding, intestinal microorganisms, metabolism, and immune function. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective methods to enhance the survival rates and growth of fish under water temperature changes. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are promising immunostimulatory feed additive, as demonstrated by their beneficial effects in several fish species. This study investigated the short-term effects of dietary LAB on intestinal microbiota composition and immune responses of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) when water temperature decreased from 30 ± 1°C to 18 ± 1°C. Lactococcus (L.) lactis 1,209 and L. lactis 1,242 with potential probiotics isolated from the intestine of Qinghai naked carp (Gymnocypris przewalskii) were selected as feed additives for the crucian carp feeding experiment. A total of 225 commercially available healthy crucian carp (250 ± 10 g) of similar age were kept in 30°C water for a week and then immediately transferred to 18 ± 1°C water, assigned to three dietary treatments for a 16-day feeding trial randomly: (1) HC, diets without additives (the control group); (2) HT, diets with 106 CFU/ml L. lactis 1,209; and (3) HL, with 106 CFU/ml L. lactis 1,242. Each group was set up with 3 replicates and each with 25 fish. The results showed that the mortality rate of crucian carp in HC, HT, and HL group was 50, 27, and 33%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing results displayed that the composition of the intestinal microorganism varied dynamically in response to different treatments and water temperature decrease. Among them, compared with the HC group, a higher abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and a lower of Actinobacteria appeared in HT and HL. The cytokines heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) in crucian carp intestinal tract significantly decreased when water temperature decreased (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoxin Lv
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, Xining, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, Xining, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Xining Vegetable Technical Service Center, Xining, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifei Guan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huili Pang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongfang Tan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion-Beam Bioengineering, School of Agricultural, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongfang Tan,
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49
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Rangel F, Enes P, Gasco L, Gai F, Hausmann B, Berry D, Oliva-Teles A, Serra CR, Pereira FC. Differential Modulation of the European Sea Bass Gut Microbiota by Distinct Insect Meals. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:831034. [PMID: 35495644 PMCID: PMC9041418 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is one of the fastest-growing sectors in animal food production. However, farming of carnivorous fish strongly relies on the use of wild fish-based meals, a practice that is environmentally and economically unsustainable. Insect-based diets constitute a strong candidate for fishmeal substitution, due to their high nutritional value and low environmental footprint. Nevertheless, data on the impact of insect meal (IM) on the gut microbiome of farmed fish are so far inconclusive, and very scarce in what concerns modulation of microbial-mediated functions. Here we use high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR to evaluate the impact of different IMs on the composition and chitinolytic potential of the European sea bass gut digesta- and mucosa-associated communities. Our results show that insect-based diets of distinct origins differently impact the gut microbiota of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). We detected clear modulatory effects of IM on the gut microbiota, which were more pronounced in the digesta, where communities differed considerably among the diets tested. Major community shifts were associated with the use of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens, HM) and pupal exuviae (HEM) feeds and were characterized by an increase in the relative abundance of the Firmicutes families Bacillaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae and the Actinobacteria family Actinomycetaceae, which all include taxa considered beneficial for fish health. Modulation of the digesta community by HEM was characterized by a sharp increase in Paenibacillus and a decrease of several Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidota members. In turn, a mealworm larvae-based diet (Tenebrio molitor, TM) had only a modest impact on microbiota composition. Further, using quantitative PCR, we demonstrate that shifts induced by HEM were accompanied by an increase in copy number of chitinase ChiA-encoding genes, predominantly originating from Paenibacillus species with effective chitinolytic activity. Our study reveals an HEM-driven increase in chitin-degrading taxa and associated chitinolytic activity, uncovering potential benefits of adopting exuviae-supplemented diets, a waste product of insect rearing, as a functional ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Rangel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CIMAR/CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paula Enes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CIMAR/CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Laura Gasco
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Gai
- Institute of Science of Food Production, National Research Council, Torino, Italy
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CIMAR/CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Claudia R. Serra
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CIMAR/CIIMAR Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Fátima C. Pereira
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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50
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Effects of Lacidophilin Tablets, Yogurt, and Bifid Triple Viable Capsules on the Gut Microbiota of Mice with Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2022; 2022:6521793. [PMID: 35360462 PMCID: PMC8964159 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6521793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common morbidity caused by antibiotic use and is characterized by the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Several clinical trials have shown that probiotics can prevent AAD. This study aimed at investigating the effects of Lacidophilin tablets (LB), yogurt (YG), and bifid triple viable capsules (BT) on the gut microbiota of mice with AAD. Mice with diarrhea were randomly allocated to treatment groups or the control group and were treated with either LB, YG, BT, or vehicle control. The body weight, diarrhea scores, cecum index, and cecal length were determined. Fecal samples of all mice were analyzed using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that LB, YG, and BT significantly decreased the diarrhea scores and inhibited increases in the cecum index and cecal length induced by AAD. In addition, they significantly changed the composition and richness of the gut microbiota. Specifically, they increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes and decreased the abundance of the phyla Bacteroidetes and the family Bacteroidaceae. Treatment with LB and YG also decreased the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and only LB could mediate the reduced levels of Lactobacillaceae in AAD mice. At the genus level, YG and BT treatment decreased the abundance of Bacteroides or Parasutterella. To our surprise, only LB treatment dramatically increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased that of potential pathogens, such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Parasutterella, to almost normal values. Our findings indicate that LB, YG, and BT ameliorated diarrhea by regulating the composition and structure of the gut microbiota and that LB plays an important role in regulating the gut microbiota.
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