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Trammell AR, Goldstein FC, Parker MW, Hajjar IM. Characterization of African-American Super-Agers in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:1995-2005. [PMID: 38553838 PMCID: PMC11226375 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Super-agers" are adults aged ≥80 with cognitive performance similar to persons two to three decades younger. Characteristics such as larger hippocampal volume, APOE-ε4 allele absence, higher educational attainment, female sex, and lifelong cognitive stimulation are associated with cognitive performance compatible with super-aging. These findings are based on predominantly white research samples. Limited data are available on African-American super-agers. To fill this gap, we explored potential factors associated with super-aging in older African-American adults. METHODS Data from African-American participants aged ≥80 in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) dataset were analyzed. Using global Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores, participants were first categorized as impaired (score ≥0.5) or non-impaired/normal cognition (NC) (score = 0). From the NC group, super-agers were identified using NACC-data-driven cutoffs. Participants were considered super-agers if their memory performance was similar to persons aged 50-60 with NC, and their performance on other domains was within one standard deviation of the mean for persons aged ≥80. We examined group characteristics (NC, super-ager, impaired) using chi-square and ANOVA with pairwise comparisons. Multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for sex and education, evaluated correlates of super-ager group assignment. RESULTS Data for 1285 African-American participants aged ≥80 were analyzed. We identified 24.7% (n = 316) NC, 4.8% (n = 61) super-agers, and 70.6% (n = 905) impaired. Super-agers were mostly female and more educated, had similar vascular comorbidities as the other groups, and had less sleep disorders, depression, and alcohol use. After adjusting for sex and education, super-ager group assignment was associated with less sleep disorders, less depression, and moderate alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS Participants with controlled vascular risk, mental health, alcohol use, and sleep disorders tended to be in the super-ager group. These factors may be important focus areas in clinical practice to support cognitive resilience with aging in older African-American adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monica W. Parker
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ihab M. Hajjar
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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2
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Burmistrov DE, Gudkov SV, Franceschi C, Vedunova MV. Sex as a Determinant of Age-Related Changes in the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7122. [PMID: 39000227 PMCID: PMC11241365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The notion of notable anatomical, biochemical, and behavioral distinctions within male and female brains has been a contentious topic of interest within the scientific community over several decades. Advancements in neuroimaging and molecular biological techniques have increasingly elucidated common mechanisms characterizing brain aging while also revealing disparities between sexes in these processes. Variations in cognitive functions; susceptibility to and progression of neurodegenerative conditions, notably Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases; and notable disparities in life expectancy between sexes, underscore the significance of evaluating aging within the framework of gender differences. This comprehensive review surveys contemporary literature on the restructuring of brain structures and fundamental processes unfolding in the aging brain at cellular and molecular levels, with a focus on gender distinctions. Additionally, the review delves into age-related cognitive alterations, exploring factors influencing the acceleration or deceleration of aging, with particular attention to estrogen's hormonal support of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy E. Burmistrov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria V. Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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3
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Rocha GS, Freire MAM, Paiva KM, Oliveira RF, Morais PLAG, Santos JR, Cavalcanti JRLP. The neurobiological effects of senescence on dopaminergic system: A comprehensive review. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 137:102415. [PMID: 38521203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Over time, the body undergoes a natural, multifactorial, and ongoing process named senescence, which induces changes at the molecular, cellular, and micro-anatomical levels in many body systems. The brain, being a highly complex organ, is particularly affected by this process, potentially impairing its numerous functions. The brain relies on chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters to function properly, with dopamine being one of the most crucial. This catecholamine is responsible for a broad range of critical roles in the central nervous system, including movement, learning, cognition, motivation, emotion, reward, hormonal release, memory consolidation, visual performance, sexual drive, modulation of circadian rhythms, and brain development. In the present review, we thoroughly examine the impact of senescence on the dopaminergic system, with a primary focus on the classic delimitations of the dopaminergic nuclei from A8 to A17. We provide in-depth information about their anatomy and function, particularly addressing how senescence affects each of these nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Rocha
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio M Freire
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
| | - Karina M Paiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Paulo Leonardo A G Morais
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - José Ronaldo Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
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Payen A, Bateman JR, Persin MJ, Bennett JM. Biopsychosocial contexts influence adult cognitive function concurrently and longitudinally. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 36:100732. [PMID: 38371382 PMCID: PMC10873657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive aging is a complex process that impacts human behavior. Identifying the factors that preserve cognitive functioning is a public health priority, given that 20% of the US population will be at least 65 years old in the next decade. Biopsychosocial determinants of cognitive decline across the lifespan are often examined as ecological factors that independently moderate cognitive aging, despite the known complexity surrounding these relationships. Objective We aimed to address this gap by exploring the synergistic and simultaneous relationship between risk and protective factors on cognitive functioning. Method Using the MIDUS study datasets, we examined the relationships among physiological markers, friendship quality, and global cognition functioning, concurrently and longitudinally over ten years. Our participants included 929 healthy (417 men, 512 women) adults (average age at Time 1: 54.6 ± 11.6 years). Exploratory analyses examining the effects of racial minority status were also conducted. Results Cross-sectionally, age, and friendship quality moderated the relationship between vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vm-HRV) and cognition such that younger adults with greater friendship quality had a negative relationship between vm-HRV and cognitive performance; our unexpected finding suggests the heart-brain relationship is sensitive to the biopsychosocial environment. Longitudinally, higher IL-6 levels at Time 1 predicted poorer cognitive performance a decade later, but only among those with greater levels of friendship quality, especially for white-identifying individuals. Conclusions The relationships among physiological risk factors, social protective factors and cognitive functioning appear to be temporally different during mid-adulthood. Given many of the whole sample findings were not replicated within the racial minority subgroup, we suggest that these relationships should be examined in a larger and more diverse racial minority sample to determine whether this study lacked the power necessary to detect a relationship or if the relationships are in fact different by racial minority sub-group. In addition, future research should overcome the study's reliance on healthy adults and self-report measures of friendship quality by including adults with pre-existing cognitive impairments, and employing more real-time measures of friendship quality, such as daily diary or ecological momentary assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameanté Payen
- Health Psychology PhD Program, UNC Charlotte, United States
| | - James R. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, United States
- Alzhiemer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, United States
| | | | - Jeanette M. Bennett
- Health Psychology PhD Program, UNC Charlotte, United States
- Department of Psychological Science, UNC Charlotte, United States
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Magalhães DM, Mampay M, Sebastião AM, Sheridan GK, Valente CA. Age-related impact of social isolation in mice: Young vs middle-aged. Neurochem Int 2024; 174:105678. [PMID: 38266657 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Social isolation is a chronic mild stressor and a significant risk factor for mental health disorders. Herein we explored the impact of social isolation on depression- and anxiety-like behaviours, as well as spatial memory impairments, in middle-aged male mice compared to post-weaning mice. We aimed to quantify and correlate social isolation-induced behaviour discrepancies with changes in hippocampal glial cell reactivity and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Post-weaning and middle-aged C57BL7/J6 male mice were socially isolated for a 3-week period and behavioural tests were performed on the last five days of isolation. We found that 3 weeks of social isolation led to depressive-like behaviour in the forced swim test, anxiety-like behaviour in the open field test, and spatial memory impairment in the Morris water maze paradigm in middle-aged male mice. These behavioural alterations were not observed in male mice after post-weaning social isolation, indicating resilience to isolation-mediated stress. Increased Iba-1 expression and NLRP3 priming were both observed in the hippocampus of socially isolated middle-aged mice, suggesting a role for microglia and NLRP3 pathway in the detrimental effects of social isolation on cognition and behaviour. Young socially isolated mice also demonstrated elevated NLRP3 priming compared to controls, but no differences in Iba-1 levels and no significant changes in behaviour. Ageing-induced microglia activation and enhancement of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokines, known signs of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, were also detected. Altogether, data suggest that social isolation, in addition to inflammaging, contributes to stress-related cognitive impairment in middle-aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Magalhães
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Myrthe Mampay
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Cláudia A Valente
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Ruiz-Fernández I, Sánchez-Díaz R, Ortega-Sollero E, Martín P. Update on the role of T cells in cognitive impairment. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:799-815. [PMID: 37559406 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) has long been considered an immune-privileged site, with minimal interaction between immune cells, particularly of the adaptive immune system. Previously, the presence of immune cells in this organ was primarily linked to events involving disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or inflammation. However, current research has shown that immune cells are found patrolling CNS under homeostatic conditions. Specifically, T cells of the adaptive immune system are able to cross the BBB and are associated with ageing and cognitive impairment. In addition, T-cell infiltration has been observed in pathological conditions, where inflammation correlates with poor prognosis. Despite ongoing research, the role of this population in the ageing brain under both physiological and pathological conditions is not yet fully understood. In this review, we provide an overview of the interactions between T cells and other immune and CNS parenchymal cells, and examine the molecular mechanisms by which these interactions may contribute to normal brain function and the scenarios in which disruption of these connections lead to cognitive impairment. A comprehensive understanding of the role of T cells in the ageing brain and the underlying molecular pathways under normal conditions could pave the way for new research to better understand brain disorders. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Díaz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Martín
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
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Gao J, Fan H, Wang X, Cheng Y, Hao J, Han S, Wu S. Association between serum omega-3 PUFAs levels and cognitive impairment in never medically treated first-episode patients with geriatric depression: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 346:1-6. [PMID: 37923225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geriatric depression increases the public health burden and health care costs, reduces quality of life. Studies have shown the association between ω-3 PUFAs levels and inflammatory markers levels and depression, but few have explored the relationship between omega-3 PUFAs, inflammatory markers, and cognitive function in geriatric depression. This study aimed to compare the differences in ω-3 PUFAs levels and inflammatory markers between geriatric depression with cognitive impairment (CI) and those without CI. METHODS A total of three hundred and five elderly patients were recruited. In addition to collecting basic information, their blood specimens were collected to detect serum EPA, DHA, AA, TC, LDL-C, IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP levels. The Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), and The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) were used to assess their depression, anxiety, and cognitive function, respectively. RESULTS Compared to those without CI, geriatric depression patients with CI had higher serum TC, LDL-C levels, lower EPA, DHA, and AA levels, and more elevated IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP levels (all P < 0.05). Further linear regression analysis showed that EPA, DHA, and TNF-α, hs-CRP levels were significantly associated with the occurrence and the severity of CI. LIMITATIONS No causal relationship could be drawn due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Omega-3 PUFAs and inflammatory factors levels may predict CI in elderly patients with MDD in the future. Our findings suggest that ω-3 PUFAs (EPA and DHA) and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and CRP) may predict the occurrence and the severity of CI among elderly MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huiyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | | | - Jingjing Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Mental Health Center of Tsingtao, Tsingtao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Siqi Han
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Suping Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Anton PE, Rutt LN, Kaufman ML, Busquet N, Kovacs EJ, McCullough RL. Binge ethanol exposure in advanced age elevates neuroinflammation and early indicators of neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in female mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:303-316. [PMID: 38151165 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge drinking is rising among aged adults (>65 years of age), however the contribution of alcohol misuse to neurodegenerative disease development is not well understood. Both advanced age and repeated binge ethanol exposure increase neuroinflammation, which is an important component of neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction. Surprisingly, the distinct effects of binge ethanol exposure on neuroinflammation and associated degeneration in the aged brain have not been well characterized. Here, we establish a model of intermittent binge ethanol exposure in young and aged female mice to investigate the effects of advanced age and binge ethanol on these outcomes. Following intermittent binge ethanol exposure, expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (tnf-α, il-1β, ccl2) was distinctly increased in isolated hippocampal tissue by the combination of advanced age and ethanol. Binge ethanol exposure also increased measures of senescence, the nod like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and microglia reactivity in the brains of aged mice compared to young. Binge ethanol exposure also promoted neuropathology in the hippocampus of aged mice, including tau hyperphosphorylation and neuronal death. We further identified advanced age-related deficits in contextual memory that were further negatively impacted by ethanol exposure. These data suggest binge drinking superimposed with advanced age promotes early markers of neurodegenerative disease development and cognitive decline, which may be driven by heightened neuroinflammatory responses to ethanol. Taken together, we propose this novel exposure model of intermittent binge ethanol can be used to identify therapeutic targets to prevent advanced age- and ethanol-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige E Anton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Alcohol Research Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Lauren N Rutt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Alcohol Research Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael L Kaufman
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nicolas Busquet
- Animal Behavior and In Vivo Neurophysiology Core, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Division of GI Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Alcohol Research Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rebecca L McCullough
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States; Alcohol Research Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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Joundi RA, O'Connell ME, Patten S, Smith EE. Mediation of Post-Stroke Function by Cognition in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Can J Neurol Sci 2024; 51:64-72. [PMID: 36627236 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2023.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive and functional impairment after stroke are common, but the relation between cognitive and functional decline after stroke is not well studied. METHODS We used the comprehensive cohort in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging to identify those with prior stroke, and we calculated reliable cognitive change scores from baseline to follow-up for the memory and executive domains. Functional decline was defined as an increase in the number of dependent daily activities. Using formal mediation analysis, we tested the presence and degree of mediation of the association between stroke and functional decline by cognitive decline. RESULTS There were 22,648 individuals with memory change scores (325 with stroke) and 17,613 individuals with executive change scores (241 with stroke). History of stroke was significantly associated with memory decline (-0.26 standard deviations, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.19), executive decline (-0.22, 95% CI -0.36 to -0.09), and new functional impairment (adjusted odds ratio 2.31, 95% CI 1.80-2.97) over a median of 3-year follow-up. Cognitive decline was a significant mediator of functional decline. Memory decline mediated only 5% of the relationship, whereas executive and overall cognitive decline mediated 13% and 22%, respectively. CONCLUSION Cognitive decline is a mediator of the association between prior stroke and functional decline; consequently, strategies to delay, attenuate, or prevent cognitive decline after stroke may be important to preserving long-term functional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed A Joundi
- Division of Neurology, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University & Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan E O'Connell
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Scott Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eric E Smith
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Li J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Guo Y, Shen X, Li M, Song J, Tan L, Xie A, Yu J. Exploring the links among peripheral immunity, biomarkers, cognition, and neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12517. [PMID: 38124758 PMCID: PMC10730778 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We analyzed relationships among peripheral immunity markers, cognition, Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related biomarkers, and neuroimaging to understand peripheral immunity involvement in AD. METHODS Peripheral immunity markers were assessed in AD, non-AD neurodegenerative disorders, and controls, examining their connections with cognition, AD-related biomarkers, and neuroimaging using multiple regression models. RESULTS The study included 1579 participants. Higher levels of white blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and lower lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were associated with cognitive decline and more severe anxiety and depression. The impact of lower LMR, lymphocyte count, and higher NLR on cognitive decline is mediated through cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta (Aβ) levels. Additionally, increased PLR, NLR, and SII were associated with brain atrophy and hippocampal Aβ deposition (amyloid positron emission tomography). DISCUSSION Peripheral immunity markers offer a non-invasive and cost-effective means of studying AD-related pathophysiological changes, providing valuable insights into its pathogenesis and treatment. Highlights Peripheral immunity markers linked to cognitive decline and anxiety/depression.Low LMR, LYM, and high NLR linked to reduced CSF Aβ, impacting cognition.High PLR, NLR, SII associated with brain atrophy and hippocampal Aβ deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie‐Qiong Li
- Department of Neurologythe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological DisordersHuashan HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ya‐Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological DisordersHuashan HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hui‐Fu Wang
- Department of NeurologyQingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Department of NeurologyQingdao HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological DisordersHuashan HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xue‐Ning Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological DisordersHuashan HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Meng‐Meng Li
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological DisordersHuashan HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing‐Hui Song
- Department of Neurologythe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of NeurologyQingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Department of NeurologyQingdao HospitalUniversity of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - An‐Mu Xie
- Department of Neurologythe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jin‐Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological DisordersHuashan HospitalState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Caldú X, Prats-Soteras X, García-García I, Prunell-Castañé A, Sánchez-Garre C, Cano N, Tor E, Sender-Palacios MJ, Ottino-González J, Garolera M, Jurado MÁ. Body mass index, systemic inflammation and cognitive performance in adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 156:106298. [PMID: 37295218 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive body weight has been related to lower cognitive performance. One of the mechanisms through which excess body weight may affect cognition is inflammation. HYPOTHESIS Our hypothesis is that both body mass index (BMI) and circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers will be negatively related to cognitive performance. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Users of the public health centres of the Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (Terrassa, Spain) between 2010 and 2017 aged 12-21 years. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and five adolescents (46 normoweight, 18 overweight, 41 obese). MEASUREMENTS Levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and fibrinogen were determined from blood samples. Cognitive performance was evaluated and six cognitive composites were obtained: working memory, cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, decision-making, verbal memory, and fine motor speed. A single multivariate general lineal model was used to assess the influence of the four inflammatory biomarkers, as well as participants' BMI, sex, and age on the 6 cognitive indexes. RESULTS An inverse relationship between BMI and inhibitory control (F = 5.688, p = .019; β = -0.212, p = .031), verbal memory (F = 5.404, p = .022; β = -0.255, p = .009) and fine motor speed (F = 9.038, p = .003; β = -0.319, p = .001) was observed. Levels of TNFα and fibrinogen were inversely related to inhibitory control (F = 5.055, p = .027; β = -0.226, p = .021) and verbal memory (F = 4.732, p = .032; β = -0.274, p = .005), respectively. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional nature of the study, the use of cognitive tests designed for clinical purposes, and the use of BMI as a proxy for adiposity are limitations of our study that must be taken into account when interpreting results. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that some components of executive functions, together with verbal memory, are sensitive to specific obesity-related inflammatory agents at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Caldú
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, C/ Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Xavier Prats-Soteras
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, C/ Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Isabel García-García
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Clinique la Prairie, Montreux, Rue du Lac 142, 1815 Clarens, Switzerland
| | - Anna Prunell-Castañé
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, C/ Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Consuelo Sánchez-Garre
- Unitat d'Endocrinologia Pediàtrica, Departament de Pediatria, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Ctra Torrebonica s/n, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Neus Cano
- Unitat de Neuropsicologia, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Ctra Torrebonica s/n, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; Brain, Cognition and Behavior Clinical Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Ctra Torrebonica s/n, 08227 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Encarnació Tor
- Centre d'Atenció Primària Terrassa Nord, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Av del Vallès 451, 08226 Terrassa, Spain
| | - María-José Sender-Palacios
- Centre d'Atenció Primària Terrassa Nord, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Av del Vallès 451, 08226 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Jonatan Ottino-González
- Division of Endocrinology, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, United States
| | - Maite Garolera
- Unitat de Neuropsicologia, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Ctra Torrebonica s/n, 08227 Terrassa, Spain; Brain, Cognition and Behavior Clinical Research Group, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Ctra Torrebonica s/n, 08227 Terrassa, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Jurado
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, C/ Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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12
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Shemtov SJ, Emani R, Bielska O, Covarrubias AJ, Verdin E, Andersen JK, Winer DA. The intestinal immune system and gut barrier function in obesity and ageing. FEBS J 2023; 290:4163-4186. [PMID: 35727858 PMCID: PMC9768107 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and ageing predispose to numerous, yet overlapping chronic diseases. For example, metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Low-grade chronic inflammation of tissues, such as the liver, visceral adipose tissue and neurological tissues, is considered a significant contributor to these chronic diseases. Thus, it is becoming increasingly important to understand what drives this inflammation in affected tissues. Recent evidence, especially in the context of obesity, suggests that the intestine plays an important role as the gatekeeper of inflammatory stimuli that ultimately fuels low-grade chronic tissue inflammation. In addition to metabolic diseases, abnormalities in the intestinal mucosal barrier have been linked to a range of other chronic inflammatory conditions, such as neurodegeneration and ageing. The flow of inflammatory stimuli from the gut is in part controlled by local immunological inputs impacting the intestinal barrier. Here, we will review the impact of obesity and ageing on the intestinal immune system and its downstream consequences on gut barrier function, which is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and age-related diseases. In particular, we will discuss the effects of age-related intestinal dysfunction on neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Shemtov
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Rohini Emani
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Olga Bielska
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Anthony J. Covarrubias
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Julie K. Andersen
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Daniel A. Winer
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Diabetes Research Group, Toronto General Research Institute (TGRI), University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
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13
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Brandt A, Kromm F, Hernández-Arriaga A, Martínez Sánchez I, Bozkir HÖ, Staltner R, Baumann A, Camarinha-Silva A, Heijtz RD, Bergheim I. Cognitive Alterations in Old Mice Are Associated with Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Induced Toll-like Receptor 2 and 4 Signaling in Different Brain Regions. Cells 2023; 12:2153. [PMID: 37681885 PMCID: PMC10486476 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence implicate the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis' in cognitive aging and neuroinflammation; however, underlying mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Here, we assessed if potential alterations in intestinal barrier function and microbiota composition as well as levels of two key pattern-recognition receptors namely Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4, in blood and different brain regions, and depending signaling cascades are paralleling aging associated alterations of cognition in healthy aging mice. Cognitive function was assessed in the Y-maze and intestinal and brain tissue and blood were collected in young (4 months old) and old (24 months old) male C57BL/6 mice to determine intestinal microbiota composition by Illumina amplicon sequencing, the concentration of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands in plasma and brain tissue as well as to determine markers of intestinal barrier function, senescence and TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. Cognitive function was significantly impaired in old mice. Also, in old mice, intestinal microbiota composition was significantly altered, while the relative abundance of Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria in the small and large intestines at different ages was not altered. Moreover, intestinal barrier function was impaired in small intestine of old mice, and the levels of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands were also significantly higher in both portal and peripheral blood. Furthermore, levels of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands, and downstream markers of TLR signaling were higher in the hippocampal and prefrontal cortex of old mice compared to young animals. Taken together, our results suggest that even in 'healthy' aging, cognitive function is impaired in mice going along with an increased intestinal translocation of TLR ligands and alterations of TLR signaling in several brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Brandt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Kromm
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angélica Hernández-Arriaga
- Animal Nutrition Department, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Inés Martínez Sánchez
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haktan Övül Bozkir
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphaela Staltner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Baumann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Amélia Camarinha-Silva
- Animal Nutrition Department, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rochellys Diaz Heijtz
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Musillo C, Giona L, Ristow M, Zarse K, Siems K, Di Francesco A, Collacchi B, Raggi C, Cirulli F, Berry A. Rosmarinic Acid Improves Cognitive Abilities and Glucose Metabolism in Aged C57Bl/6N Mice While Disrupting Lipid Profile in Young Adults in a Sex-Dependent Fashion. Nutrients 2023; 15:3366. [PMID: 37571303 PMCID: PMC10421458 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that regular consumption of natural products might promote healthy aging; however, their mechanisms of action are still unclear. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenol holding anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The aim of this study was to characterise the efficacy of an oral administration of RA in promoting healthspan in a mouse model of physiological aging. Aged C57Bl/6 male and female (24-month-old) mice were either administered with RA (500 mg/Kg) or a vehicle in drinking bottles for 52 days while 3-month-old mice receiving the same treatment were used as controls. All subjects were assessed for cognitive abilities in the Morris water maze (MWM) and for emotionality in the elevated-plus maze test (EPM). Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) protein levels were evaluated in the hippocampus. Since the interaction between metabolic signals and cerebral functions plays a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of cognitive decline, the glycaemic and lipid profiles of the mice were also assessed. RA enhanced learning and memory in 24-month-old mice, an effect that was associated to improved glucose homeostasis. By contrast, the lipid profile was disrupted in young adults. This effect was associated with worse glycaemic control in males and with reduced BDNF levels in females, suggesting powerful sex-dependent effects and raising a note of caution for RA administration in young healthy adult subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Musillo
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (L.G.); (A.D.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Letizia Giona
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (L.G.); (A.D.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Michael Ristow
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| | - Kim Zarse
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| | | | - Alessia Di Francesco
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (L.G.); (A.D.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Barbara Collacchi
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (L.G.); (A.D.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Carla Raggi
- National Center for the Control and Evaluation of Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (L.G.); (A.D.F.); (B.C.)
| | - Alessandra Berry
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (L.G.); (A.D.F.); (B.C.)
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15
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Zhang W, Xiao D, Mao Q, Xia H. Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:267. [PMID: 37433768 PMCID: PMC10336149 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and so on, have suggested that inflammation is not only a result of neurodegeneration but also a crucial player in this process. Protein aggregates which are very common pathological phenomenon in neurodegeneration can induce neuroinflammation which further aggravates protein aggregation and neurodegeneration. Actually, inflammation even happens earlier than protein aggregation. Neuroinflammation induced by genetic variations in CNS cells or by peripheral immune cells may induce protein deposition in some susceptible population. Numerous signaling pathways and a range of CNS cells have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, although they are still far from being completely understood. Due to the limited success of traditional treatment methods, blocking or enhancing inflammatory signaling pathways involved in neurodegeneration are considered to be promising strategies for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases, and many of them have got exciting results in animal models or clinical trials. Some of them, although very few, have been approved by FDA for clinical usage. Here we comprehensively review the factors affecting neuroinflammation and the major inflammatory signaling pathways involved in the pathogenicity of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We also summarize the current strategies, both in animal models and in the clinic, for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xiao
- The State Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, P.R. China
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, P.R. China.
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16
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Wrightson R, Albertini M, Pirrone F, McPeake K, Piotti P. The Relationship between Signs of Medical Conditions and Cognitive Decline in Senior Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2203. [PMID: 37443999 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CCDS) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disorder in dogs. Minimal research has been performed to investigate how clinical signs may be impacted by other medical conditions. A cross-sectional study was performed using the Canine Cognitive Assessment Scale (CCAS) to evaluate cognitive impairment as reported by owners. Owner-reported health-related measures included behaviour changes, the body condition score, and veterinary diagnoses of disease. The responses from 804 dogs in the last 25% of their expected lifespan were analysed. Factors were identified in the owner-reported behavioural signs of disease representing pathologies in four body systems: musculoskeletal-neurological, digestive, metabolic, and dermatological, with the items comprising these factors also compiled into a cumulative measure of health. The results showed a strong correlation between the CCAS score and both the musculoskeletal-neurological factor and the overall cumulative measure of health. Moderate correlations between the CCAS score and the digestive factor and metabolic factor were also observed. The correlation between the dermatological factor and the CCAS score was weak. This study highlights the need to screen dogs for concurrent diseases when using scales to assess cognitive impairment and to monitor dogs who have health conditions, particularly those that are painful, for the onset of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind Wrightson
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Mariangela Albertini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Federica Pirrone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Kevin McPeake
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Patrizia Piotti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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17
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Gaspar-Silva F, Trigo D, Magalhaes J. Ageing in the brain: mechanisms and rejuvenating strategies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:190. [PMID: 37354261 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the progressive loss of cellular homeostasis, leading to an overall decline of the organism's fitness. In the brain, ageing is highly associated with cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. With the rise in life expectancy, characterizing the brain ageing process becomes fundamental for developing therapeutic interventions against the increased incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases and to aim for an increase in human life span and, more importantly, health span. In this review, we start by introducing the molecular/cellular hallmarks associated with brain ageing and their impact on brain cell populations. Subsequently, we assess emerging evidence on how systemic ageing translates into brain ageing. Finally, we revisit the mainstream and the novel rejuvenating strategies, discussing the most successful ones in delaying brain ageing and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Gaspar-Silva
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Trigo
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Magalhaes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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18
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Karsuntseva EK, Voronova AD, Chadin AV, Shishkina VV, Fursa GA, Andretsova SS, Reshetov IV, Stepanova OV, Chekhonin VP. Application of Behavioral Tests for Evaluation of an Experimental Model of Alzheimer's Disease in Female Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023:10.1007/s10517-023-05823-0. [PMID: 37336813 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease was modeled in female Wistar rats aged 4 months by stereotaxic bilateral injection of a synthetic peptide β-amyloid (Aβ1-42) into the hippocampus. Behavioral tests (open field, Y-maze, passive avoidance, and Morris water maze) revealed significant impairment of memory and spatial navigation 8 weeks after β-amyloid administration. At this term, the cognitive impairments typical of Alzheimer's disease are reproduced. The experimental model of Alzheimer's disease proposed by us can be used in preclinical studies of drugs for the treatment of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Karsuntseva
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A D Voronova
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Chadin
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Shishkina
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - G A Fursa
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S S Andretsova
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Reshetov
- University Clinical Hospital No. 1, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Stepanova
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- E. I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Chekhonin
- V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Chen CH, Fu YC, Lee YT, Hsieh KS, Shen CF, Cheng CM. Efficacy of a paper-based interleukin-6 test strip combined with a spectrum-based optical reader for sequential monitoring and early recognition of respiratory failure in elderly pneumonia-a pilot study. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1166923. [PMID: 37214473 PMCID: PMC10196015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1166923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is lethal in elderly individuals who are more vulnerable to respiratory failure and require more emergency ventilation support than younger individuals. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role and has predictive value in CAP; high serum IL-6 concentrations in adults are associated with high respiratory failure and mortality rates. Early detection of IL-6 concentrations can facilitate the timely stratification of patients at risk of acute respiratory failure. However, conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IL-6 measurement is laborious and time-consuming. Methods: The IL-6 rapid diagnostic system combined with a lateral flow immunoassay-based (LFA-based) IL-6 test strip and a spectrum-based optical reader is a novel tool developed for rapid and sequential bedside measurements of serum IL-6 concentrations. Here, we evaluated the correlation between the IL-6 rapid diagnostic system and the ELISA and the efficacy of the system in stratifying high-risk elderly patients with CAP. Thirty-six elderly patients (median age: 86.5 years; range: 65-97 years) with CAP were enrolled. CAP diagnosis was established based on the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) criteria. The severity of pneumonia was assessed using the CURB-65 score and Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI). IL-6 concentration was measured twice within 24 h of admission. Results: The primary endpoint variable was respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical or non-invasive ventilation support after admission. IL-6 rapid diagnostic readouts correlated with ELISA results (p < 0.0001) for 30 samples. Patients were predominantly male and bedridden (69.4%). Ten patients (27.7%) experienced respiratory failure during admission, and five (13.9%) died of pneumonia. Respiratory failure was associated with a higher mortality rate (p = 0.015). Decreased serum IL-6 concentration within 24 h after admission indicated a lower risk of developing respiratory failure in the later admission course (Receiver Operating Characteristic [ROC] curve = 0.696). Conclusion: Sequential IL-6 measurements with the IL-6 rapid diagnostic system might be useful in early clinical risk assessment and severity stratification of elderly patients with pneumonia. This system is a potential point-of-care diagnostic device for sequential serum IL-6 measurements that can be applied in variable healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Fu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics and Structural, Congenital Heart and Echocardiography Center, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fen Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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20
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Peng TC, Chiou JM, Chen TF, Chen YC, Chen JH. Grip Strength and Sarcopenia Predict 2-Year Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:292-298.e1. [PMID: 36435272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS2019) and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria, this study examined associations of sarcopenia and its components with specific domains of cognitive impairment over time. DESIGN A prospective cohort study with a 2-year follow-up. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study is part of the Taiwan Initiatives for Geriatric Epidemiological Research (TIGER), which recruited participants aged 65 years old who attended the senior health checkup program at National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH). METHODS Grip strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer. Walking speed (m/s) was measured as the time required to walk 8 feet. Muscle mass was measured by performing a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Global cognition (assessed using the Taiwanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and 4 cognitive domains (memory, executive function, verbal fluency, and attention) were assessed over time. Associations of sarcopenia and its components with cognitive impairment were evaluated after stratification by sex using generalized linear mixed models adjusted for essential covariates for cognitive impairment. RESULTS Compared with robust women, those with severe sarcopenia were more likely to have a global cognitive impairment over time (β = -0.87, P = .03 based on AWGS2019 criteria and β = -1.07, P = .02 based on the EWGSOP2 criteria). Among men, low grip strength was associated with poor scores on measures of global cognition (β = -0.80, P = .03), executive function (β = -0.35, P = .001), verbal fluency (β = -0.31, P = .02), and attention (β = -0.34, P = .008) over time. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Severe sarcopenia predicted global and specific domains of cognitive impairment in older adults. Poor grip strength predicted cognitive impairment in men but not in women. A screen for sarcopenia severity and low muscle strength may be used to identify the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Chun Peng
- Division of Family Medicine and Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Min Chiou
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Nankang District, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Statistics and Data Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ching Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Hau Chen
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Kim GS, Harmon E, Gutierrez M, Stephenson J, Chauhan A, Banerjee A, Wise Z, Doan A, Wu T, Lee J, Jung JE, McCullough L, Wythe J, Marrelli S. Single-cell analysis identifies Ifi27l2a as a novel gene regulator of microglial inflammation in the context of aging and stroke. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2557290. [PMID: 36824976 PMCID: PMC9949241 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2557290/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are key mediators of inflammatory responses within the brain, as they regulate pro-inflammatory responses while also limiting neuroinflammation via reparative phagocytosis. Thus, identifying genes that modulate microglial function may reveal novel therapeutic interventions for promoting better outcomes in diseases featuring extensive inflammation, such as stroke. To facilitate identification of potential mediators of inflammation, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of aged mouse brains following stroke and found that Ifi27l2a was significantly up-regulated, particularly in microglia. The increased Ifi27l2a expression was further validated in microglial culture, stroke models with microglial depletion, and human autopsy samples. Ifi27l2a is known to be induced by interferons for viral host defense, however the role of Ifi27l2a in neurodegeneration is unknown. In vitro studies in cultured microglia demonstrated that Ifi27l2a overexpression causes neuroinflammation via reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, hemizygous deletion of Ifi27l2a significantly reduced gliosis in the thalamus following stroke, while also reducing neuroinflammation, indicating Ifi27l2a gene dosage is a critical mediator of neuroinflammation in ischemic stroke. Collectively, this study demonstrates that a novel gene, Ifi27l2a, regulates microglial function and neuroinflammation in the aged brain and following stroke. These findings suggest that Ifi27l2a may be a novel target for conferring cerebral protection post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gab Seok Kim
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zachary Wise
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Andrea Doan
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Ting Wu
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Louise McCullough
- McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Sean Marrelli
- The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, 77030, TX
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22
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Ozturk HM, Ogan N, Erdogan M, Akpinar EE, Ilgar C, Ozturk S. The association between total cholesterol and cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 164:106697. [PMID: 36347442 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AIM Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is primarily a respiratory system disorder associated with extrapulmonary conditions. Cognitive impairment (CoI) is very common among COPD patients This study sought to investigate the association between CoI and clinical parameters, inflammatory markers and lipid profiles in a COPD patient population. METHODS The study population included 111 stable COPD patients. COPD was diagnosed according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guideline. Total complete blood count test and biochemical measurements including lipid profile were performed. Afterwards, all patients underwent neuropsychological assessment including Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tests. RESULTS The patients were categorized into two groups according to their MoCA test score: MoCA score ≤ 21 (CoI) (n = 69) and MoCA score > 21 (normal cognition) (n = 42). Total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower in patients with CoI compared to patients with normal cognition. Inflammation related parameters including C-reactive protein were similar among groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis yielded education, HADS score and TC (OR:1.02, 95% CI:1.00-1.04, p = 0.025) as independent predictors of MoCA score. CONCLUSION TC independently associates with CoI in COPD patients. There is comparable inflammatory status in COPD patients with CoI compared to COPD patients with normal cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nalan Ogan
- Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdogan
- Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evrim Eylem Akpinar
- Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceren Ilgar
- Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Ozturk
- Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Yozgat, Turkey.
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23
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Feng L, Wang Y, Zeng D, Wang M, Duan X. Predictors of cognitive decline in older individuals without dementia: An updated meta-analysis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:497-506. [PMID: 36705073 PMCID: PMC10109353 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of overall peripheral inflammatory levels on cognitive function, we explored the relationship between established biomarkers of peripheral inflammation (circulating C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) and cognitive decline by performing a review of observational studies and creating an updated summary. METHODS We included literatures exploring the relationship between peripheral levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α and subsequent cognitive decline, published until July 2022, by searching the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials, CNKI, and VIP databases. We used random-effects models to pool the odds ratios (ORs) for the risks of subsequent cognitive decline in older adults with high levels of peripheral inflammation. We initially screened out 501 literatures, of which only 17 were ultimately eligible. Overall, there were 19,516 older individuals included in our meta-analysis, and 2134 of them experienced subsequent cognitive change. RESULTS Individuals with high levels of peripheral inflammation may have 14% more chance to develop subsequent cognitive decline than those with low levels (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03-1.27; p < 0.00001). In the subgroup analysis, the incidence of cognitive decline was higher in individuals with high levels of IL-6. This study further demonstrates the link between systemic inflammation and cognitive status. INTERPRETATION Detecting CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in peripheral blood is necessary, as they may become effective indicators for forthcoming cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Daojun Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Maohua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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24
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Ownby RL, Waldrop D. Cogstim: A Shared Decision-making Model to Support Older Adults' Brain Health. Curr Alzheimer Res 2023; 20:202-208. [PMID: 37231715 DOI: 10.2174/1567205020666230525110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The lack of effective treatments for cognitive decline in older adults has led to an interest in the possibility that lifestyle interventions can help to prevent changes in mental functioning and reduce the risk for dementia. Multiple lifestyle factors have been related to risk for decline, and multicomponent intervention studies suggest that changing older adults' behaviors can have a positive impact on their cognition. How to translate these findings into a practical model for clinical use with older adults, however, is not clear. In this Commentary, we propose a shared decision-making model to support clinicians' efforts to promote brain health in older persons. The model organizes risk and protective factors into three broad groups based on their mechanism of action and provides older persons with basic information to allow them to make evidence- and preference-based choices in choosing goals for effective brain health programs. A final component includes basic instruction in behavior change strategies such as goal setting, self-monitoring, and problem-solving. The implementation of the model will support older persons' efforts to develop a personally relevant and effective brainhealthy lifestyle that may help to reduce their risk for cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond L Ownby
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33316, USA
| | - Drenna Waldrop
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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25
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Ryan KM, Lynch M, McLoughlin DM. Blood cell ratios in mood and cognitive outcomes following electroconvulsive therapy. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:729-736. [PMID: 36413934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is commonly reported in depression, with dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system documented. Obtaining ratios of neutrophils, platelets, and monocytes to counts of lymphocytes (NLR, PLR, MLR, respectively) represents a low-cost and easily reproducible measure of an individual's inflammatory burden that can be calculated effortlessly from routine clinical full white blood cell counts. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the most effective acute antidepressant treatment for depression but is often limited by its cognitive side-effects. Here, we examined differences in blood cell ratios in subgroups of depressed patients (unipolar/bipolar, psychotic/non-psychotic, early-onset/late-onset) and ECT-related subgroups (responder/non-responder, remitter/non-remitter). We also explored the relationships between blood cell ratios and depression severity and immediate cognitive outcomes post-ECT. Our results show baseline NLR was raised in patients with psychotic depression. In the entire group of patients, significant negative correlations were noted between the PLR and SII and baseline HAM-D24 score, signifying that lower systemic inflammation is associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Significant positive correlations were noted between various blood cell ratios and mean time to recovery of orientation in the entire group of patients and in depression subgroups, indicating that increased peripheral inflammation is linked to worse cognitive outcomes post-ECT. Overall, our results suggest that assessment of blood cell ratios could be useful for predicting mood changes in patients at risk of developing depressive episodes or relapse following successful treatment or for identifying those at risk for cognitive side-effects following ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Ryan
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick's University Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Marie Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick's University Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Declan M McLoughlin
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, St. Patrick's University Hospital, James Street, Dublin 8, Ireland.
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26
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Jin R, Chan AKY, Wu J, Lee TMC. Relationships between Inflammation and Age-Related Neurocognitive Changes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12573. [PMID: 36293430 PMCID: PMC9604276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between inflammation and age-related neurocognitive changes is significant, which may relate to the age-related immune dysfunctions characterized by the senescence of immune cells and elevated inflammatory markers in the peripheral circulation and the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms, including the development of vascular inflammation, neuroinflammation, organelle dysfunctions, abnormal cholesterol metabolism, and glymphatic dysfunctions as well as the role that the key molecules play in the immune-cognition interplay. We propose potential therapeutic pharmacological and behavioral strategies for ameliorating age-related neurocognitive changes associated with inflammation. Further research to decipher the multidimensional roles of chronic inflammation in normal and pathological aging processes will help unfold the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning neurocognitive disorders. The insight gained will lay the path for developing cost-effective preventative measures and the buffering or delaying of age-related neurocognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Aidan Kai Yeung Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jingsong Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Tatia Mei Chun Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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27
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Liu W, Wu Q, Wang M, Wang P, Shen N. Prospective association between sleep duration and cognitive impairment: Findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:971510. [PMID: 36148464 PMCID: PMC9485441 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.971510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between sleep duration and cognition are inconclusive. Our study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of sleep duration on the risk of cognitive impairment in the middle-aged and older Chinese population. Methods We used the longitudinal cohort data from waves 1-4 (2011-2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Self-reported exposures included total sleep duration, nocturnal sleep duration, post-lunch napping, and changes in sleep duration over time according to face-to-face interviews. Cognitive function was assessed by a Chinese version of the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results A total of 7,342 eligible participants were included. The mean age was 61.5 ± 6.5 years, and 48.9% (3,588/7,342) were male. We identified a U-shaped association of total sleep duration as well as nocturnal sleep duration with the risk of cognitive impairment. People with 7-8 h of total sleep duration and 6-7 h of nocturnal sleep had the lowest risk of cognitive impairment. Further results showed that post-lunch napping within 2 h was beneficial to cognition and 60 min was optimal. Moreover, analyses of changes in sleep duration further supported that sleeping less or more was harmful to cognition. Notably, those "excessive-change" sleepers (from ≤6 to ≥9 h, or from ≥9 to ≤6 h) had more risks. Conclusions Keeping 7-8 h per day was related to the lowest risk of cognitive impairment in midlife and late life, and an optimal post-lunch napping was 60 min for these stable sleepers. Especially, excessive changes in sleep duration over time led to poorer cognition. Our work highlights the importance of optimal sleep habits to cognitive function. The self-reported sleep measures limited our findings, and further studies are needed for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingsong Wu
- Department of Scientific Research Management, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute and Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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28
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Annaz H, Sane Y, Bitchagno GTM, Ben Bakrim W, Drissi B, Mahdi I, El Bouhssini M, Sobeh M. Caper (Capparis spinosa L.): An Updated Review on Its Phytochemistry, Nutritional Value, Traditional Uses, and Therapeutic Potential. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:878749. [PMID: 35935860 PMCID: PMC9353632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.878749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) is a perennial shrub of the family Capparaceae, endemic to circum-Mediterranean countries. Caper carries a renowned nutritional value, especially in terms of vitamins and antioxidants related to the occurrence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and glucosinolates as main secondary metabolites. Caper extracts have also shown to display antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects which correlate the uses of the plant in folk medicine against both metabolic and infectious diseases. The present review aims to provide exhaustive phytochemistry and pharmacological properties survey on Caper constituents. Attention has also been given to the nutritional values and traditional uses of main organs to pinpoint research gaps for future investigations on the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Annaz
- AgrobioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Hassan Annaz, ; Mansour Sobeh,
| | - Yaya Sane
- AgrobioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | | | - Widad Ben Bakrim
- AgrobioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Badreddine Drissi
- AgrobioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Ismail Mahdi
- AgrobioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | | | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgrobioSciences Research, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Hassan Annaz, ; Mansour Sobeh,
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29
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Forcina L, Franceschi C, Musarò A. The hormetic and hermetic role of IL-6. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 80:101697. [PMID: 35850167 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine regulating different tissues and organs in diverse and sometimes discrepant ways. The dual and sometime hermetic nature of IL-6 action has been highlighted in several contexts and can be explained by the concept of hormesis, in which beneficial or toxic effects can be induced by the same molecule depending on the intensity, persistence, and nature of the stimulation. According with hormesis, a low and/or controlled IL-6 release is associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and pro-myogenic actions, whereas increased systemic levels of IL-6 can induce pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant and pro-fibrotic responses. However, many aspects regarding the multifaceted action of IL-6 and the complex nature of its signal transduction remains to be fully elucidated. In this review we collect mechanistic insight into the molecular networks contributing to normal or pathologic changes during advancing age and in chronic diseases. We point out the involvement of IL-6 deregulation in aging-related diseases, dissecting the hormetic action of this key mediator in different tissues, with a special focus on skeletal muscle. Since IL-6 can act as an enhancer of detrimental factor associated with both aging and pathologic conditions, such as chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, this cytokine could represent a "Gerokine", a determinant of the switch from physiologic aging to age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Forcina
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Antonio Musarò
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Scuola Superiore di Studi Avanzati Sapienza (SSAS), Via A. Scarpa, 14, Rome 00161, Italy.
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30
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Murdock KW, Stowe RP, Engeland CG. Diminished Cellular Immunity and Executive Cognitive Functioning Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:679-684. [PMID: 35420592 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Within the field of psychoneuroimmunology, much attention has been given to immune dysregulation and its impact on cognitive functioning. Some of this work has focused on the association between high levels of basal proinflammatory cytokines and poorer performance on measures of executive functioning; however, effect sizes have been quite small in human studies. METHODS We investigated whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody titers, a marker of immune dysregulation related to cellular immunity, may be associated with executive functioning while also attempting to replicate prior studies using two markers of proinflammatory cytokine production (i.e., circulating and lipopolysaccharide [LPS]-stimulated cytokines [interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, interferon-γ]). A total of 71 community-dwelling adults (mean [standard deviation] age = 60.87 [6.26] years) who were seropositive for EBV infection participated in the study. RESULTS Findings indicated that greater EBV antibody titers were associated with poorer performance on measures of the executive functions of inhibition ( B = -2.36, standard error = 1.06, p = .028) and cognitive flexibility ( B = -2.89, standard error = 1.13, p = .013) when including circulating and LPS-stimulated cytokines and other relevant covariates (i.e., age, sex, and body mass index) in linear regression analyses. Neither circulating nor LPS-stimulated cytokines were associated with performance on the cognitive tasks in the regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that EBV antibody titers may be an indicator of immune dysregulation that is more relevant to executive functioning performance than either circulating or stimulated proinflammatory cytokines among community-dwelling adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Murdock
- From the Department of Biobehavioral Health (Murdock, Engeland), The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Microgen Laboratories (Stowe), La Marque, Texas; and College of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University (Engeland), University Park, Pennsylvania
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31
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Women with lower systemic inflammation demonstrate steeper cognitive decline with age: Results from a large prospective, longitudinal sample. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 22:100465. [PMID: 35586361 PMCID: PMC9108464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Men and women experience large disparities in prevalence, detection, and clinical course of neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, yet there is a paucity of literature documenting sex differences in this phenomenon in prospective, longitudinal studies. Methods Participants were 4217 non-smoking individuals (62.2% female; aged 46–91 at enrollment) enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study who provided dried blood spots and completed a standardized assessment of cognitive function 3 times across 8 years. Inflammation was indexed using C-reactive protein (CRP). Results Higher CRP was associated with lower concurrent cognitive function, b = −0.13 (SE = 0.06), p < .05, but less decline in cognitive function over time, b = 0.02 (SE = 0.01), p < .05. Sex moderated the association between CRP and decline in total cognitive function, b = 0.02 (SE = 0.01), p < .05, such that the steepest declines in cognitive function were observed among women with the lowest CRP concentrations. Conclusions Women with lower systemic inflammation as measured by CRP may be at risk of going undetected for neurodegenerative disease, especially given their overall higher cognitive scores. This may perpetuate sex-related disparities in prevention and clinical course. Attention to the underlying biological mechanisms explaining the link between lower CRP and risk for cognitive decline for women and its potential clinical implications are needed. Sex differences in links between inflammation and cognitive function are under-explored. Higher CRP was associated with lower concurrent cognitive function, only in men. Women with lower CRP showed the steepest declines in cognitive functioning.
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Lin T, Pehlivanoglu D, Ziaei M, Liu P, Woods AJ, Feifel D, Fischer H, Ebner NC. Age-Related Differences in Amygdala Activation Associated With Face Trustworthiness but No Evidence of Oxytocin Modulation. Front Psychol 2022; 13:838642. [PMID: 35814062 PMCID: PMC9262048 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.838642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala has been shown to be responsive to face trustworthiness. While older adults typically give higher face trustworthiness ratings than young adults, a direct link between amygdala response and age-related differences in face trustworthiness evaluation has not yet been confirmed. Additionally, there is a possible modulatory role of the neuropeptide oxytocin in face trustworthiness evaluation, but the results are mixed and effects unexplored in aging. To address these research gaps, young, and older adults were randomly assigned to oxytocin or placebo self-administration via a nasal spray before rating faces on trustworthiness while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. There was no overall age-group difference in face trustworthiness ratings, but older compared to young participants gave higher trustworthiness ratings to ambivalently untrustworthy-looking faces. In both age groups, lower face trustworthiness ratings were associated with higher left amygdala activity. A comparable negative linear association was observed in right amygdala but only among young participants. Also, in the right amygdala, lower and higher, compared to moderate, face trustworthiness ratings were associated with greater right amygdala activity (i.e., positive quadratic (U-shaped) association) for both age groups. Neither the behavioral nor the brain effects were modulated by a single dose of intranasal oxytocin administration, however. These results suggest dampened response to faces with lower trustworthiness among older compared to young adults, supporting the notion of reduced sensitivity to cues of untrustworthiness in aging. The findings also extend evidence of an age-related positivity effect to the evaluation of face trustworthiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Didem Pehlivanoglu
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maryam Ziaei
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peiwei Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Adam J. Woods
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - David Feifel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm University Brain Imaging Centre (SUBIC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie C. Ebner
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Florida Institute for Cybersecurity Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Systemic inflammatory markers in relation to cognitive function and measures of brain atrophy: a Mendelian randomization study. GeroScience 2022; 44:2259-2270. [PMID: 35689786 PMCID: PMC9616983 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have implied associations between multiple cytokines and cognitive decline, anti-inflammatory drugs however did not yield any protective effects on cognitive decline. We aimed to assess the associations of systemic inflammation, as measured by multiple cytokine and growth factor, with cognitive performance and brain atrophy using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Independent genetic instruments (p < 5e − 8 and p < 5e − 6) for 41 systemic inflammatory markers were retrieved from a genome-wide association study conducted in 8293 Finnish participants. Summary statistics for gene-outcome associations were obtained for cognitive performance (N = 257,841) and for brain atrophy measures of cerebral cortical surface area and thickness (N = 51,665) and hippocampal volume (N = 33,536). To rule out the heterogeneity in the cognitive performance, we additionally included three domains: the fluid intelligence score (N = 108,818), prospective memory result (N = 111,099), and reaction time (N = 330,069). Main results were computed by inverse-variance weighting; sensitivity analyses taking pleiotropy and invalid instruments into account were performed by using weighted-median estimator, MR-Egger, and MR PRESSO. After correcting for multiple testing using false discovery rate, only genetically predicted (with p < 5e − 6 threshold) per-SD (standard deviation) higher IL-8 was associated with − 0.103 (− 0.155, − 0.051, padjusted = 0.004) mm3 smaller hippocampal volume and higher intelligence fluid score [β: 0.103 SD (95% CI: 0.042, 0.165), padjusted = 0.041]. Sensitivity analyses generally showed similar results, and no pleiotropic effect, heterogeneity, or possible reverse causation was detected. Our results suggested a possible causal association of high IL-8 levels with better cognitive performance but smaller hippocampal volume among the general healthy population, highlighting the complex role of inflammation in dementia-related phenotypes. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Zhao X, Huang X, Yang C, Jiang Y, Zhou W, Zheng W. Artemisinin Attenuates Amyloid-Induced Brain Inflammation and Memory Impairments by Modulating TLR4/NF-κB Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116354. [PMID: 35683033 PMCID: PMC9181281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal immune response is an early change in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Microglial activation is a crucial regulator of the immune response, which contributes to progressive neuronal injury by releasing neurotoxic products. Therefore, finding effective drugs to regulate microglial homeostasis and neuroinflammation has become a new AD treatment strategy. Artemisinin has potent anti-inflammatory and immune activities. However, it is unclear whether Artemisinin contributes to the regulation of microglial activation, thereby improving AD pathology. This study found that Artemisinin significantly reduced amyloid beta-peptide 1–42 (Aβ1–42)-induced increases in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species and inflammatory factors in BV2 cells. In addition, Artemisinin inhibited the migration of microglia and prevented the expansion of the inflammatory cascade. The mechanical studies showed Artemisinin inhibited neuroinflammation and exerted neuroprotective effects by regulating the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Similar results were obtained in AD model mice, in which Artemisinin administration attenuated Aβ1–42-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal injury, reversing spatial learning and memory deficits. The anti-inflammatory effect of Artemisinin is also accompanied by the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the animal model. Our results indicate that Artemisinin attenuated Aβ1–42-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal injury by stimulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that Artemisinin is a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhao
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
- Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaosu Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Chao Yang
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
- Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yizhou Jiang
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
- Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Wenshu Zhou
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
- Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.J.); (W.Z.)
- Institute of Translation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +853-88224919
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Pillai L. Asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis stenosis, inflammation, and cognitive impairment. J Vasc Surg 2022; 75:1651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yilmaz S, Sanapala C, Schiaffino MK, Schumacher JR, Wallington SF, McKoy JM, Canin B, Tang W, Tucker-Seeley RD, Simmons J, Gilmore N. Social Justice and Equity: Why Older Adults With Cancer Belong-A Life Course Perspective. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42:1-13. [PMID: 35649203 PMCID: PMC11070065 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_349825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The population of older adults with cancer in the United States is rapidly increasing, which will have a substantial impact on the oncology and public health workforces across the cancer continuum, from prevention to end of life. Unfortunately, inequities in existing social structures that cause increased psychosocial stressors have led to disparities in the incidence of cancer and the morbidity and mortality of cancer for individuals from marginalized backgrounds. It is imperative that older adults, especially those from historically marginalized backgrounds, be adequately represented in all stages of cancer research to address health inequities. Continued efforts and progress toward achieving social justice and health equity require a deeper commitment to and better understanding of the impact of social determinants of health within the cancer domain. Undoubtedly, a more holistic and integrated view that extends beyond the biologic and genetic factors of health must be adopted for health entities to recognize the critical role of environmental, behavioral, and social determinants in cancer health disparities. Against this backdrop, this paper uses a life course approach to present a multifactorial framework for understanding and addressing cancer disparities in an effort to advance social justice and health equity for racially and ethnically diverse older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Yilmaz
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Chandrika Sanapala
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Jessica R Schumacher
- Wisconsin Surgical Outcomes Research Program, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Sherrie F Wallington
- The George Washington School of Nursing & Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - June M McKoy
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Weizhou Tang
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Reginald D Tucker-Seeley
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- ZERO-The End of Prostate Cancer, Alexandria, VA
| | - John Simmons
- Cancer and Aging Research Group, City of Hope, CA
- Ethnic Health Institute, Center for Community Engagement, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA
| | - Nikesha Gilmore
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Intranasal Oxytocin Modulates the Salience Network in Aging. Neuroimage 2022; 253:119045. [PMID: 35259525 PMCID: PMC9450112 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports a role of the neuropeptide oxytocin in promoting social cognition and prosocial behavior, possibly via modulation of the salience of social information. The effect of intranasal oxytocin administration on the salience network, however, is not well understood, including in the aging brain. To address this research gap, 42 young (22.52 ± 3.02 years; 24 in the oxytocin group) and 43 older (71.12 ± 5.25 years; 21 in the oxytocin group) participants were randomized to either self-administer intranasal oxytocin or placebo prior to resting-state functional imaging. The salience network was identified using independent component analysis (ICA). Independent t-tests showed that individuals in the oxytocin compared to the placebo group had lower within-network resting-state functional connectivity, both for left amygdala (MNI coordinates: x = −18, y = 0, z = −15; corrected p < 0.05) within a more ventral salience network and for right insula (MNI coordinates: x = 39, y = 6, z = −6; corrected p < 0.05) within a more dorsal salience network. Age moderation analysis furthermore demonstrated that the oxytocin-reduced functional connectivity between the ventral salience network and the left amygdala was only present in older participants. These findings suggest a modulatory role of exogenous oxytocin on resting-state functional connectivity within the salience network and support age-differential effects of acute intranasal oxytocin administration on this network.
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Rung JM, Kidder QA, Horta M, Nazarloo HP, Carter CS, Berry MS, Ebner NC. Associations between alcohol use and peripheral, genetic, and epigenetic markers of oxytocin in a general sample of young and older adults. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2425. [PMID: 35146961 PMCID: PMC8933764 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human and nonhuman animal research suggests that greater oxytocin (OT) activity is protective against harmful substance use. Most research on this topic is preclinical, with few studies evaluating the association between substance use and individual differences in the human OT system. The present study sought to fill this gap by evaluating the relationship between alcohol use and multiple biological measures of OT activity in an overall low to moderate-drinking sample. METHOD As part of a larger study, generally healthy young (n = 51) and older (n = 53) adults self-reported whether they regularly used alcohol and how much alcohol they consumed per week. Participants also provided blood samples from which peripheral OT, and in an age-heterogeneous subset of participants (n = 56) variation in the oxytocin receptor gene (the OXTR rs53576 polymorphism) and OXTR DNA methylation levels (at cytosine-guanine dinucleotide sites -860, -924, -934), were obtained. RESULTS A-allele carriers of the OXTR rs53579 polymorphism were less likely to regularly consume alcohol. Among regular alcohol consumers, number of alcoholic drinks per week was positively associated with peripheral OT in regression models excluding observations of high influence (postdiagnostic models). Number of alcoholic drinks per week was consistently negatively associated with OXTR DNA methylation at site -860; and with OXTR DNA methylation at site -924 in postdiagnostic models. CONCLUSIONS The significant associations between alcohol use and individual differences in OT activity support the involvement of the OT system in alcohol use, which most likely reflect the role of OT when alcohol use is under control of its rewarding properties and/or the acute impacts of alcohol on the OT system. Additional research with markers of OT activity and alcohol use, particularly longitudinal, is needed to clarify the bidirectional effects of OT and alcohol use in moderate to harmful drinking and dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Rung
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Quintin A Kidder
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marilyn Horta
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - H P Nazarloo
- Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - C Sue Carter
- Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Meredith S Berry
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE), College of Medicine, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Natalie C Ebner
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE), College of Medicine, Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Aging & Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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The Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction as Driving Factor of Inflammaging. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050949. [PMID: 35267924 PMCID: PMC8912763 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier, composed of the luminal microbiota, the mucus layer, and the physical barrier consisting of epithelial cells and immune cells, the latter residing underneath and within the epithelial cells, plays a special role in health and disease. While there is growing knowledge on the changes to the different layers associated with disease development, the barrier function also plays an important role during aging. Besides changes in the composition and function of cellular junctions, the entire gastrointestinal physiology contributes to essential age-related changes. This is also reflected by substantial differences in the microbial composition throughout the life span. Even though it remains difficult to define physiological age-related changes and to distinguish them from early signs of pathologies, studies in centenarians provide insights into the intestinal barrier features associated with longevity. The knowledge reviewed in this narrative review article might contribute to the definition of strategies to prevent the development of diseases in the elderly. Thus, targeted interventions to improve overall barrier function will be important disease prevention strategies for healthy aging in the future.
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Yeo XY, Cunliffe G, Ho RC, Lee SS, Jung S. Potentials of Neuropeptides as Therapeutic Agents for Neurological Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:343. [PMID: 35203552 PMCID: PMC8961788 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent leaps in modern medicine, progress in the treatment of neurological diseases remains slow. The near impermeable blood-brain barrier (BBB) that prevents the entry of therapeutics into the brain, and the complexity of neurological processes, limits the specificity of potential therapeutics. Moreover, a lack of etiological understanding and the irreversible nature of neurological conditions have resulted in low tolerability and high failure rates towards existing small molecule-based treatments. Neuropeptides, which are small proteinaceous molecules produced by the body, either in the nervous system or the peripheral organs, modulate neurological function. Although peptide-based therapeutics originated from the treatment of metabolic diseases in the 1920s, the adoption and development of peptide drugs for neurological conditions are relatively recent. In this review, we examine the natural roles of neuropeptides in the modulation of neurological function and the development of neurological disorders. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of these proteinaceous molecules in filling gaps in current therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Yeo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore; (X.Y.Y.); (G.C.)
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Grace Cunliffe
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore; (X.Y.Y.); (G.C.)
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Roger C. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Su Seong Lee
- NanoBio Lab, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Sangyong Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore; (X.Y.Y.); (G.C.)
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
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Cheng BJ, Wang J, Meng XL, Sun L, Hu B, Li HB, Sheng J, Chen GM, Tao FB, Sun YH, Yang LS. The association between essential trace element mixture and cognitive function in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113182. [PMID: 35026581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence about the effect of essential trace element (ETE) mixture on cognitive function amongst older adults is limited. This study aims to evaluate the associations of single ETEs and ETE mixture with cognitive function using a representative sample of community-dwelling older adults in China. METHODS A total of 3814 older adults were included in the study. Urinary concentrations of selenium (Se), vanadium (V), cobalt (Co), strontium (Sr), and molybdenum (Mo) were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cognitive function in older adults was assessed using the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were performed to explore the associations of single ETEs and ETE mixture with cognitive function, respectively. RESULTS Linear regression showed that urinary levels of Se and V were positively associated with MMSE scores in the adjusted single-element models. BKMR also showed marginally positive associations of Se and V with MMSE scores. Moreover, higher urinary levels of ETE mixture were significantly associated with increased MMSE scores in a dose-response pattern, and Se was the most important contributor within the mixture. Both Se and V demonstrated positive additive effects on the associations of other ETEs with MMSE scores, whereas Co had a negative additive effect. CONCLUSIONS V and Se are positively associated with cognitive function, individually and as a mixture. ETE mixture exhibits a linear dose-response association with improved cognitive function, with Se being the most important component within the mixture. Mixture analyses rather than single ETE analyses may provide a real-world perspective on the relationship between ETE mixture and cognitive function. Further cohort studies are needed to clarify the association of multiple ETEs with cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Jing Cheng
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiang-Long Meng
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, Anhui 236069, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, Anhui 236069, China
| | - Huai-Biao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, Anhui 236069, China
| | - Jie Sheng
- School of Public Health, Experimental Center for Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Gui-Mei Chen
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Ye-Huan Sun
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Lin-Sheng Yang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Krzystyniak A, Wesierska M, Petrazzo G, Gadecka A, Dudkowska M, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Mosieniak G, Figiel I, Wlodarczyk J, Sikora E. Combination of dasatinib and quercetin improves cognitive abilities in aged male Wistar rats, alleviates inflammation and changes hippocampal synaptic plasticity and histone H3 methylation profile. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:572-595. [PMID: 35042834 PMCID: PMC8833137 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive decline and accumulation of senescent cells in various tissues and organs. Senolytic agents such as dasatinib and quercetin (D+Q) in combination have been shown to target senescent cells and ameliorate symptoms of aging-related disorders in mouse models. However, the mechanisms by which senolytics improve cognitive impairments have not been fully elucidated particularly in species other than mice. To study the effect of senolytics on aging-related multifactorial cognitive dysfunctions we tested the spatial memory of male Wistar rats in an active allothetic place avoidance task. Here we report that 8 weeks treatment with D+Q alleviated learning deficits and memory impairment observed in aged animals. Furthermore, treatment with D+Q resulted in a reduction of the peripheral inflammation measured by the levels of serum inflammatory mediators (including members of senescent cell secretome) in aged rats. Significant improvements in cognitive abilities observed in aged rats upon treatment with D+Q were associated with changes in the dendritic spine morphology of the apical dendritic tree from the hippocampal CA1 neurons and changes in the level of histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 9 and 27 in the hippocampus. The beneficial effects of D+Q on learning and memory in aged rats were long-lasting and persisted at least 5 weeks after the cessation of the drugs administration. Our results expand and provide new insights to the existing knowledge associated with effects of senolytics on alleviating age-related associated cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Krzystyniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wesierska
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Gregory Petrazzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gadecka
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dudkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Anna Bielak-Zmijewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Grazyna Mosieniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Izabela Figiel
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Jakub Wlodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Ewa Sikora
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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43
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Izci-Balserak B, Zhu B, Wang H, Bronas UG, Gooneratne NS. Independent associations between sleep duration, gamma gap, and cognitive function among older adults: Results from the NHANES 2013-2014. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 44:1-7. [PMID: 34998076 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether gamma gap mediated the association between sleep and cognitive function. Data from NHANES 2013-2014 were used. Three tests were used to measure cognitive function. Sleep was measured by three single questions. Gamma gap was calculated by subtracting albumin from total protein. Participants were 1392 older adults (53.2% females). Approximately 12% reported being told having sleep disorder, 1/3 reported having trouble sleeping, 25.9% had short sleep, and 12.5% had long sleep. Sleep disorders and sleep quality were not associated with cognitive function. Long sleep duration was an independent risk factor of reduced cognitive function on immediate recall, delayed recall, and executive function. Elevated gamma gap was also an independent risk factor of lower cognitive function. In a representative sample of older adults in the US, gamma gap and sleep duration were independent predictors of cognitive function. This study highlights the need for sleep assessment among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilgay Izci-Balserak
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bingqian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 S Chongqing Rd, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Heng Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ulf G Bronas
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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44
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Halasz H, Carpenter S. Challenges and Future Directions for LncRNAs and Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1363:179-183. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92034-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Hua J, Zhuang S, Shen Y, Tang X, Sun H, Fang Q. Exploring the Bidirectional Associations Between Short or Long Sleep Duration and Lower Cognitive Function: A 7-Year Cohort Study in China. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:727763. [PMID: 34690740 PMCID: PMC8528020 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.727763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep duration is linked to cognitive function, but whether short or prolonged sleep duration results from impaired cognition or vice versa has been controversial in previous studies. We aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function in older Chinese participants. Methods: Data were obtained from a nationally representative study conducted in China. A total of 7984 participants aged 45 years or older were assessed at baseline between June 2011 and March 2012 (Wave 1), 2013 (Wave 2), 2015 (Wave 3), and 2018 (Wave 4). Nocturnal sleep duration was evaluated using interviews. Cognitive function was examined via assessments of global cognition, including episodic memory, visuospatial construction, calculation, orientation and attention capacity. Latent growth models and cross-lagged models were used to assess the bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function. Results: Among the 7,984 participants who were followed in the four waves of the study, the baseline mean (SD) age was 64.7 (8.4) years, 3862 (48.4%) were male, and 6453 (80.7%) lived in rural areas. Latent growth models showed that both sleep duration and global cognition worsened over time. Cross-lagged models indicated that short or long sleep duration in the previous wave was associated with lower global cognition in the subsequent wave (standardized β = −0.066; 95% CI: −0.073, −0.059; P < 0.001; Wave 1 to 2) and that lower global cognition in the previous wave was associated with short or long sleep duration in the subsequent wave (standardized β = −0.106; 95% CI: −0.116, −0.096; P < 0.001; Wave 1 to 2). Conclusion: There was a bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function, with lower cognitive function having a stronger association with long or short sleep duration than the reverse relationship. Global cognition was likely the major driver in these reciprocal associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianian Hua
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yueping Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongpeng Sun
- Department of Child Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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46
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Sedrak MS, Gilmore NJ, Carroll JE, Muss HB, Cohen HJ, Dale W. Measuring Biologic Resilience in Older Cancer Survivors. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:2079-2089. [PMID: 34043454 PMCID: PMC8260901 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judith E. Carroll
- University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hyman B. Muss
- Department of Medicine and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - William Dale
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
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IL-6 regulates the bone metabolism and inflammatory microenvironment in aging mice by inhibiting Setd7. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151718. [PMID: 33962150 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging, which has become a worldwide problem, leads to the degeneration of multiple organs and tissues. Two of the main changes in aging are dysregulation of the tissue microenvironment and abnormal functioning of specific stem cells. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in the aging microenvironment are not only effector cells but also immunomodulatory cells that change the microenvironment. IL-6 is a primary inflammatory response factor associated with bone diseases. In this study, we stimulated BMSCs with IL-6 to investigate a novel mechanism of age-related osteoporosis. IL-6 activated the TLR2, TLR4 and AKT pathway as well as inhibited the expression of β-catenin and Setd7. In addition, Setd7 expression in the bone tissues of aged mice was suppressed. Setd7 not only promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation but also mediated proinflammatory gene expression in BMSCs under IL-6 stimulation. Due to its dual functions in BMSCs, Setd7 may be a novel molecular target for age-related osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
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48
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Wang X, Chen Y, Yue B, Li S, Liu Q, Li Q, Li L, Sun J. Association of changes in self-reported sleep duration with mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: a longitudinal study. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14816-14828. [PMID: 34091444 PMCID: PMC8221318 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a symptomatic predementia stage with progressive cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is common with aging. How changes in self-reported sleep duration affect MCI risk in the older adults remains unclear. Participants aged ≥ 65 years and enrolled at least two waves in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey were included in present longitudinal study. Changes in sleep duration were calculated as the difference between two waves and categorized into five groups: decreased >2 h, decreased 0-2h, stable, increased 0-2 h, and increased >2 h. MCI was measured by the Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. Generalized estimating equation model and restricted cubic spline function was applied to investigate the association. Among 9,005 participants (mean age, 81.19 years; 4,391 male), 2,877 developed MCI. Comparing with individuals with stable sleep duration, MCI risk [odds ratio (95% confidence intervals)] was: 1.15 (0.99-1.34) for decreased >2 h, 0.99 (0.87-1.13) for decreased 0-2h, 1.09 (0.95-1.24) for increased 0-2 h, and 1.57 (1.36-1.81) for increased >2 h, respectively. Similar patterns were observed among subgroup analyses by sex, age, and sleep quality at baseline. For participants with long sleep duration at baseline (>8h), further increased >2 h was associated with higher MCI risk [2.23 (1.55-3.21)]. Either in the whole or subgroup population, a U-shaped association was observed (Pnon-linearity<0.05). In conclusion, changes in self-reported sleep duration were associated with MCI risk in a U-shaped pattern. Strategies that shifting sleep duration into normal range and keeping it stable are essential to prevent MCI in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - Bixuan Yue
- Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - Sifan Li
- Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - Qitong Liu
- Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiaoyu Li
- Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiangwei Sun
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Lampignano L, Quaranta N, Bortone I, Tirelli S, Zupo R, Castellana F, Donghia R, Guerra V, Griseta C, Pesole PL, Chieppa M, Logroscino G, Lozupone M, Cisternino AM, De Pergola G, Panza F, Giannelli G, Boeing H, Sardone R. Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intakes Are Associated to Age-Related Central Auditory Processing Disorder in a Cohort From Southern Italy. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:629017. [PMID: 34025388 PMCID: PMC8134698 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.629017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) commonly occurs in older age. However, few studies of a possible link between age-related CAPD and diet in an older population have been conducted. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between eating habits and age-related CAPD in a population >65 years, using cross-sectional and retrospective data obtained in the same population-based study about 12 years ago. Methods We selected 734 participants (403 men) from a large population-based study. For age-related CAPD assessment, we used the Synthetic Sentence Identification with Ipsilateral Competitive Message test. Dietary habits were assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Associations between age-related CAPD and food groups/macro-and micronutrients were explored using adjusted logistic regression models. Results Age-related CAPD subjects consumed more dairy (111 vs. 98 g/d), olives and vegetable oil (63 vs. 52 g/d) and spirits (2 vs.1 g/d), and less fruits (536 vs. 651 g/d) in the cross-sectional analysis. Age-related CAPD subjects had a lower intake of potassium, vitamin C, and a higher fat intake. Further analyses identified dietary fiber as being inversely related to age-related CAPD. Discussion The present study provided evidence that the dietary hypotheses proposed for explaining the development of cognitive disorders in older age might also hold for age-related CAPD. Further data from other large and prospective population-based studies are needed for confirming these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Quaranta
- Otolaryngology Unit, Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Sarah Tirelli
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Data Analysis Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Guerra
- Data Analysis Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Griseta
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasqua Letizia Pesole
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico," Lecce, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cisternino
- Ambulatory of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy.,Data Analysis Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy.,German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, "Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
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50
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Frazier I, Lin T, Liu P, Skarsten S, Feifel D, Ebner NC. Age and intranasal oxytocin effects on trust-related decisions after breach of trust: Behavioral and brain evidence. Psychol Aging 2021; 36:10-21. [PMID: 33705182 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Age-related differences in cognition and socioemotional functions, and in associated brain regions, may reduce sensitivity to cues of untrustworthiness, with effects on trust-related decision making and trusting behavior. This study examined age-group differences in brain activity and behavior during a trust game. In this game, participants received "breach-of-trust" feedback after half of the trials. The feedback indicated that only 50% of the monetary investment into their fellow players had resulted in returns. The study also explored the effects of intranasal oxytocin on trust-related decisions in aging, based on suggestions of a modulatory role of oxytocin in response to negative social stimuli and perceptions of trust. Forty-seven younger and 46 older participants self-administered intranasal oxytocin or placebo, in a randomized, double-blind, between-subjects procedure, before they engaged in the trust game while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Younger participants invested less into their game partners after breach-of-trust feedback, while older participants showed no significant difference in their investment after breach-of-trust feedback. Oxytocin did not modulate the behavioral effects. However, after breach-of-trust feedback, older participants in the oxytocin group showed less activity in the left superior temporal gyrus. In contrast, older participants in the placebo group showed more activity in left superior temporal gyrus after breach of trust. The findings may reflect reduced responsiveness to cues of untrustworthiness in older adults. Furthermore, the modulatory effect of oxytocin on left superior temporal gyrus activity among older adults supports the neuropeptide's age-differential role in neural processes in aging, including in the context of trust-related decision making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Frazier
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida
| | - Tian Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida
| | - Peiwei Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida
| | | | - David Feifel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
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