1
|
Costanzo A, van der Velpen IF, Ikram MA, Vernooij-Dassen MJ, Niessen WJ, Vernooij MW, Kas MJ. Social Health Is Associated With Tract-Specific Brain White Matter Microstructure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:1003-1011. [PMID: 37881589 PMCID: PMC10593878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poor social health has been linked to a risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging studies have shown associations between social health and global white matter microstructural integrity. We aimed to identify which white matter tracts are involved in these associations. Methods Social health markers (loneliness, perceived social support, and partnership status) and white matter microstructural integrity of 15 white matter tracts (identified with probabilistic tractography after diffusion magnetic resonance imaging) were collected for 3352 participants (mean age 58.4 years, 54.9% female) from 2002 to 2008 in the Rotterdam Study. Cross-sectional associations were studied using multivariable linear regression. Results Loneliness was associated with higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the superior thalamic radiation and the parahippocampal part of the cingulum (standardized mean difference for both tracts: 0.21, 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.34). Better perceived social support was associated with lower MD in the forceps minor (standardized mean difference per point increase in social support: -0.06, 95% CI, -0.09 to -0.03), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus. In male participants, better perceived social support was associated with lower MD in the forceps minor, and not having a partner was associated with lower fractional anisotropy in the forceps minor. Loneliness was associated with higher MD in the superior thalamic radiation in female participants only. Conclusions Social health was associated with tract-specific white matter microstructure. Loneliness was associated with lower integrity of limbic and sensorimotor tracts, whereas better perceived social support was associated with higher integrity of association and commissural tracts, indicating that social health domains involve distinct neural pathways of the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Costanzo
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle F. van der Velpen
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wiro J. Niessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martien J. Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tarbox-Berry SI, Walsh BC, Pogue-Geile MF, Woods SW. Symptoms of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome in Relatives of Clinical High-Risk Youth: Preliminary Evidence. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:1022-1031. [PMID: 36752824 PMCID: PMC10318861 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome (APS) impacts functioning and predicts increased risk of psychosis. Risk for developing APS itself has received minimal attention. Knowledge of familial and environmental contributions to APS symptoms would advance understanding of APS and risk for psychosis. As an initial step, this report presents the first data on APS symptoms in family members of APS patients. STUDY DESIGN This study utilized a discordant sibling-pair family study design. The Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS) was administered to 17 APS probands and 26 non-APS biological siblings. Probands and siblings were compared on positive, negative, disorganized, and general SIPS symptom scales and factors derived from those scales. STUDY RESULTS There was significantly greater symptom severity in probands compared to siblings on nine of 19 SIPS scales. Negative/anxiety, functioning, and positive symptom factors were identified. Probands showed significantly greater severity than siblings on the negative/anxiety and positive factors. Elevated pathology on the negative/anxiety factor best differentiated between probands and siblings, over and above the contribution of the positive factor. No difference was found for the functioning factor. CONCLUSIONS Results support the importance of non-familial effects on risk for APS and suggest differences in familial contribution to APS symptoms. Understanding the relative contribution of familial and environmental effects on APS symptoms may reveal important differences among APS patients, with implications for risk characterization, symptom course, and treatment selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I Tarbox-Berry
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Barbara C Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva AI, Ehrhart F, Ulfarsson MO, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Wilkinson LS, Hall J, Linden DEJ. Neuroimaging Findings in Neurodevelopmental Copy Number Variants: Identifying Molecular Pathways to Convergent Phenotypes. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:341-361. [PMID: 35659384 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genomic copy number variants (CNVs) are associated with a high risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. A growing body of genetic studies suggests that these high-risk genetic variants converge in common molecular pathways and that common pathways also exist across clinically distinct disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. A key question is how common molecular mechanisms converge into similar clinical outcomes. We review emerging evidence for convergent cognitive and brain phenotypes across distinct CNVs. Multiple CNVs were shown to have similar effects on core sensory, cognitive, and motor traits. Emerging data from multisite neuroimaging studies have provided valuable information on how these CNVs affect brain structure and function. However, most of these studies examined one CNV at a time, making it difficult to fully understand the proportion of shared brain effects. Recent studies have started to combine neuroimaging data from multiple CNV carriers and identified similar brain effects across CNVs. Some early findings also support convergence in CNV animal models. Systems biology, through integration of multilevel data, provides new insights into convergent molecular mechanisms across genetic risk variants (e.g., altered synaptic activity). However, the link between such key molecular mechanisms and convergent psychiatric phenotypes is still unknown. To better understand this link, we need new approaches that integrate human molecular data with neuroimaging, cognitive, and animal model data, while taking into account critical developmental time points. Identifying risk mechanisms across genetic loci can elucidate the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders and identify new therapeutic targets for cross-disorder applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Silva
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| | - Friederike Ehrhart
- Department of Bioinformatics, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus O Ulfarsson
- deCODE genetics, Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - Lawrence S Wilkinson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David E J Linden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seitz-Holland J, Lyons M, Kushan L, Lin A, Villalon-Reina JE, Cho KIK, Zhang F, Billah T, Bouix S, Kubicki M, Bearden CE, Pasternak O. Opposing white matter microstructure abnormalities in 22q11.2 deletion and duplication carriers. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:580. [PMID: 34759270 PMCID: PMC8581007 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions and duplications at the 22q11.2 locus are associated with significant neurodevelopmental and psychiatric morbidity. Previous diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in 22q11.2 deletion carriers (22q-del) found nonspecific white matter (WM) abnormalities, characterized by higher fractional anisotropy. Here, utilizing novel imaging and processing methods that allow separation of signal contribution from different tissue properties, we investigate whether higher anisotropy is driven by (1) extracellular changes, (2) selective degeneration of secondary fibers, or (3) volumetric differences. We further, for the first time, investigate WM microstructure in 22q11.2 duplication carriers (22q-dup). Multi-shell diffusion-weighted images were acquired from 26 22q-del, 19 22q-dup, and 18 healthy individuals (HC). Images were fitted with the free-water model to estimate anisotropy following extracellular free-water elimination and with the novel BedpostX model to estimate fractional volumes of primary and secondary fiber populations. Outcome measures were compared between groups, with and without correction for WM and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes. In 22q-del, anisotropy following free-water elimination remained significantly higher compared with controls. BedpostX did not identify selective secondary fiber degeneration. Higher anisotropy diminished when correcting for the higher CSF and lower WM volumes. In contrast, 22q-dup had lower anisotropy and greater extracellular space than HC, not influenced by macrostructural volumes. Our findings demonstrate opposing effects of reciprocal 22q11.2 copy-number variation on WM, which may arise from distinct pathologies. In 22q-del, microstructural abnormalities may be secondary to enlarged CSF space and more densely packed WM. In 22q-dup, we see evidence for demyelination similar to what is commonly observed in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Seitz-Holland
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA.
| | - Monica Lyons
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Leila Kushan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
| | - Amy Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
| | - Julio E Villalon-Reina
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
| | - Kang Ik Kevin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Tashrif Billah
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brain microstructural abnormalities in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 52:96-135. [PMID: 34358796 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a severe genetic syndrome characterized by cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia. Neuroimaging alterations have been extensively reported in 22q11DS, both in gray and white matter structures. However, a considerable variability among the results affects the generalizability of the findings to date. Herein, we reviewed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings in 22q11DS, their association with psychosis and cognition, and the implications of DTI studies on neurodevelopment in 22q11DS. We also investigated differences between 22q11DS and schizophrenic patients without 22q11DS. Using an online search of PubMed and Embase, we identified studies investigating DTI findings in 22q11DS. After selecting eligible studies in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guideline, we included thirty-one studies. Overall, 22q11DS patients show altered structural connectivity and disrupted microstructural organization of most cortical and subcortical structures and white matter tracts. Moreover, despite a significant heterogeneity in the results, reduced diffusivity measures and elevated fractional anisotropy were observed. However controversial, compared to typically developing children, 22q11DS patients reached the peak of fractional anisotropy (FA) and the trough of radial diffusivity (RD) at an older age, which shows neurodevelopmental delay. DTI measures were also associated with psychotic symptoms and cognitive deficits. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive review of microstructural alterations in 22q11DS. Future larger investigations on this syndrome could potentially lead to the detection of early diagnostic imaging markers for genetically induced schizophrenia, thus improving the treatment and, ultimately, the outcome.
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiménez de la Peña M, Jiménez de Domingo A, Tirado P, Calleja-Pérez B, Alcaraz LA, Álvarez S, Williams J, Hagman JR, Németh AH, Fernández-Jaén A. Neuroimaging Findings in Patients with EBF3 Mutations: Report of Two Cases. Mol Syndromol 2021; 12:186-193. [PMID: 34177436 DOI: 10.1159/000513583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Early B cell factor 3 (EBF3) is a transcription factor involved in brain development. Heterozygous, loss-of-function mutations in EBF3 have been reported in an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by hypotonia, ataxia, and developmental delay (sometimes described as "HADD"s). We report 2 unrelated cases with novel de novo EBF3 mutations: c.455G>T (p.Arg152Leu) and c.962dup (p.Tyr321*) to expand the genotype/phenotype correlations of this disorder; clinical, neuropsychological, and MRI studies were used to define the phenotype. IQ was in the normal range and diffusion tensor imaging revealed asymmetric alterations of the longitudinal fasciculus in both cases. Our results demonstrate that EBF3 mutations can underlie neurodevelopmental disorders without intellectual disability. Long tract abnormalities have not been previously recognized and suggest that they may be an unrecognized and characteristic feature in this syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pilar Tirado
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Sara Álvarez
- Genomics and Medicine, NIMGenetics, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - James R Hagman
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrea H Németh
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Fernández-Jaén
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud, and Medicine School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim NS, Lee TY, Hwang WJ, Kwak YB, Kim S, Moon SY, Lho SK, Oh S, Kwon JS. White Matter Correlates of Theory of Mind in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:617683. [PMID: 33746794 PMCID: PMC7973210 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.617683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficits in theory of mind (ToM) are considered as a distinctive feature of schizophrenia. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have suggested that aberrant activity among the regions comprising the mentalizing network is related to observed ToM deficits. However, the white matter structures underlying the ToM functional network in schizophrenia remain unclear. To investigate the relationship between white matter integrity and ToM impairment, 35 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 29 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the two regions of interest (ROI)-the cingulum and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF)-were acquired, and correlational analysis with ToM task scores was performed. Among the patients with FEP, ToM strange story scores were positively correlated with the FA values of the left cingulum and left SLF. There was no significant correlation between FA and ToM task scores in HCs. These results suggest that the left cingulum and SLF constitute a possible neural basis for ToM deficits in schizophrenia. Our study is the first to demonstrate the white matter connectivity underlying the mentalizing network, as well as its relation to ToM ability in patients with FEP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahrie Suk Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Tae Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Wu Jeong Hwang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Kwak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seowoo Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Silvia Kyungjin Lho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bagautdinova J, Padula MC, Zöller D, Sandini C, Schneider M, Schaer M, Eliez S. Identifying neurodevelopmental anomalies of white matter microstructure associated with high risk for psychosis in 22q11.2DS. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:408. [PMID: 33235187 PMCID: PMC7686319 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruptions of white matter microstructure have been widely reported in schizophrenia. However, the emergence of these alterations during preclinical stages remains poorly understood. 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) represents a unique model to study the interplay of different risk factors that may impact neurodevelopment in premorbid psychosis. To identify the impact of genetic predisposition for psychosis on white matter development, we acquired longitudinal MRI data in 201 individuals (22q11.2DS = 101; controls = 100) aged 5-35 years with 1-3 time points and reconstructed 18 white matter tracts using TRACULA. Mixed model regression was used to characterize developmental trajectories of four diffusion measures-fractional anisotropy (FA), axial (AD), radial (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD) in each tract. To disentangle the impact of additional environmental and developmental risk factors on white matter maturation, we used a multivariate approach (partial least squares (PLS) correlation) in a subset of 39 individuals with 22q11.2DS. Results revealed no divergent white matter developmental trajectories in patients with 22q11.2DS compared to controls. However, 22q11.2DS showed consistently increased FA and reduced AD, RD, and MD in most white matter tracts. PLS correlation further revealed a significant white matter-clinical risk factors relationship. These results indicate that while age-related changes are preserved in 22q11.2DS, white matter microstructure is widely disrupted, suggesting that genetic high risk for psychosis involves early occurring neurodevelopmental insults. In addition, multivariate modeling showed that clinical risk factors further impact white matter development. Together, these findings suggest that genetic, developmental, and environmental risk factors may play a cumulative role in altering normative white matter development during premorbid stages of psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Bagautdinova
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Maria C Padula
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Zöller
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- Medical Image Processing Laboratory, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuromodulation and Neurotechnology, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
- Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Schaer
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Villalón-Reina JE, Martínez K, Qu X, Ching CRK, Nir TM, Kothapalli D, Corbin C, Sun D, Lin A, Forsyth JK, Kushan L, Vajdi A, Jalbrzikowski M, Hansen L, Jonas RK, van Amelsvoort T, Bakker G, Kates WR, Antshel KM, Fremont W, Campbell LE, McCabe KL, Daly E, Gudbrandsen M, Murphy CM, Murphy D, Craig M, Emanuel B, McDonald-McGinn DM, Vorstman JA, Fiksinski AM, Koops S, Ruparel K, Roalf D, Gur RE, Eric Schmitt J, Simon TJ, Goodrich-Hunsaker NJ, Durdle CA, Doherty JL, Cunningham AC, van den Bree M, Linden DEJ, Owen M, Moss H, Kelly S, Donohoe G, Murphy KC, Arango C, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Bearden CE. Altered white matter microstructure in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a multisite diffusion tensor imaging study. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2818-2831. [PMID: 31358905 PMCID: PMC6986984 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS)-a neurodevelopmental condition caused by a hemizygous deletion on chromosome 22-is associated with an elevated risk of psychosis and other developmental brain disorders. Prior single-site diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) studies have reported altered white matter (WM) microstructure in 22q11DS, but small samples and variable methods have led to contradictory results. Here we present the largest study ever conducted of dMRI-derived measures of WM microstructure in 22q11DS (334 22q11.2 deletion carriers and 260 healthy age- and sex-matched controls; age range 6-52 years). Using harmonization protocols developed by the ENIGMA-DTI working group, we identified widespread reductions in mean, axial and radial diffusivities in 22q11DS, most pronounced in regions with major cortico-cortical and cortico-thalamic fibers: the corona radiata, corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, posterior thalamic radiations, and sagittal stratum (Cohen's d's ranging from -0.9 to -1.3). Only the posterior limb of the internal capsule (IC), comprised primarily of corticofugal fibers, showed higher axial diffusivity in 22q11DS. 22q11DS patients showed higher mean fractional anisotropy (FA) in callosal and projection fibers (IC and corona radiata) relative to controls, but lower FA than controls in regions with predominantly association fibers. Psychotic illness in 22q11DS was associated with more substantial diffusivity reductions in multiple regions. Overall, these findings indicate large effects of the 22q11.2 deletion on WM microstructure, especially in major cortico-cortical connections. Taken together with findings from animal models, this pattern of abnormalities may reflect disrupted neurogenesis of projection neurons in outer cortical layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio E. Villalón-Reina
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA
| | - Kenia Martínez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, School of Medicine, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain ,grid.469673.90000 0004 5901 7501Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain ,grid.119375.80000000121738416Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xiaoping Qu
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA
| | - Christopher R. K. Ching
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Talia M. Nir
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA
| | - Deydeep Kothapalli
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA
| | - Conor Corbin
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA
| | - Daqiang Sun
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.417119.b0000 0001 0384 5381Department of Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Amy Lin
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jennifer K. Forsyth
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Leila Kushan
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Ariana Vajdi
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Maria Jalbrzikowski
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Laura Hansen
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Rachel K. Jonas
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Geor Bakker
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Wendy R. Kates
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Kevin M. Antshel
- grid.264484.80000 0001 2189 1568Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Wanda Fremont
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Linda E. Campbell
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XPriority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Kathryn L. McCabe
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia ,grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684UC Davis MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis, CA USA
| | - Eileen Daly
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Maria Gudbrandsen
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Clodagh M. Murphy
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK ,grid.451052.70000 0004 0581 2008Behavioural and Developmental Psychiatry Clinical Academic Group, Behavioural Genetics Clinic, National Adult Autism and ADHD Service, South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Declan Murphy
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Michael Craig
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment and Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK ,grid.415717.10000 0001 2324 5535National Autism Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Bethlem, UK
| | - Beverly Emanuel
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Donna M. McDonald-McGinn
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jacob A.S. Vorstman
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Ania M. Fiksinski
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Clinical Genetics Research Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428The Dalglish Family 22q Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Sanne Koops
- grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - David Roalf
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - J. Eric Schmitt
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Tony J. Simon
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684UC Davis MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis, CA USA
| | - Naomi J. Goodrich-Hunsaker
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684UC Davis MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis, CA USA ,grid.253294.b0000 0004 1936 9115Brigham Young University, Provo, UT USA ,grid.223827.e0000 0001 2193 0096Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Courtney A. Durdle
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684UC Davis MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis, CA USA
| | - Joanne L. Doherty
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670The Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - Adam C. Cunningham
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - Marianne van den Bree
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - David E. J. Linden
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670The Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - Michael Owen
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - Hayley Moss
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - Sinead Kelly
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Gary Donohoe
- grid.6142.10000 0004 0488 0789Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kieran C. Murphy
- grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, School of Medicine, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain ,grid.469673.90000 0004 5901 7501Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain ,grid.119375.80000000121738416Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, Pediatrics and Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Carrie E. Bearden
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jung S, Kim JH, Sung G, Ko YG, Bang M, Park CI, Lee SH. Uncinate fasciculus white matter connectivity related to impaired social perception and cross-sectional and longitudinal symptoms in patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. Neurosci Lett 2020; 737:135144. [PMID: 32534095 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional social-emotional perception in patients with schizophrenia can result in adverse clinical symptoms and poorer long-term outcomes. The white matter tracts that interact among a number of brain regions have an important role to play. However, few neuroimaging studies focus on the effects of white matter connectivity on social-emotional perception in schizophrenia and its impact on patients' clinical symptoms and long-term outcomes. Forty-one patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis and 42 healthy controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. The white matter fractional anisotropy values of the emotion recognition areas, the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum bundle, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus were compared between patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis and healthy controls. Social-emotional perception levels and symptom severity at baseline and after 1 year were examined. A group analysis showed that white matter connectivity was significantly lower in the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation, cingulum bundle, right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus of patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis compared to the healthy controls. Contrastingly, a correlation analysis revealed that larger right uncinate fasciculus fractional anisotropy values were associated with lower social-emotional perception levels in patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. Additionally, the white matter fractional anisotropy values of the right uncinate fasciculus showed a significant positive correlation with the severity of positive symptoms at baseline and with poor outcomes after 1 year. The findings of the present study suggest that impaired social-emotional perception in patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis is associated with larger white matter connectivity of the uncinate fasciculus, which is also associated with more severe symptoms at baseline and after 1-year. These results suggest that the uncinate fasciculus could affect the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sra Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kim
- CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihye Sung
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gun Ko
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Il Park
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Heller C, Steinmann S, Levitt JJ, Makris N, Antshel KM, Fremont W, Coman IL, Schweinberger SR, Weiß T, Bouix S, Kubicki MR, Kates WR, Kikinis Z. Abnormalities in white matter tracts in the fronto-striatal-thalamic circuit are associated with verbal performance in 22q11.2DS. Schizophr Res 2020; 224:141-150. [PMID: 33268158 PMCID: PMC7727455 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in fronto-striatal-thalamic (FST) sub-circuits are present in schizophrenia and are associated with cognitive impairments. However, it remains unknown whether abnormalities in FST sub-circuits are present before psychosis onset. This may be elucidated by investigating 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), a genetic syndrome associated with a 30% risk for developing schizophrenia in adulthood and a decline in Verbal IQ (VIQ) preceding psychosis onset. Here, we examined white matter (WM) tracts in FST sub-circuits, especially those in the dorsolateral (DLPFC) and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) sub-circuits, and their associations with VIQ in young adults with 22q11DS. METHODS Diffusion MRI scans were acquired from 21 individuals with 22q11DS with prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia, 30 individuals with 22q11DS without prodromal symptoms, and 30 healthy controls (mean age: 21 ± 2 years). WM tracts were reconstructed between striatum and thalamus with rostral middle frontal gyrus (rMFG) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), representing DLPFC and VLPFC respectively. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) were used for group comparisons. VIQ was assessed and associations with the diffusion measures were evaluated. RESULTS FA was significantly increased and RD decreased in most tracts of the DLPFC and VLPFC sub-circuits in 22q11DS. Verbal IQ scores correlated negatively with FA and, at trend level, positively with RD in the right thalamus-IFG tract in 22q11DS with prodromal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS While abnormalities in FST sub-circuits are associated with schizophrenia, we observed that these abnormalities are also present in 22q11DS individuals with prodromal symptoms and are associated with verbal performance in the right thalamus-IFG tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Heller
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Germany; Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany.
| | - Saskia Steinmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - James J. Levitt
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin M. Antshel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA,Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wanda Fremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Ioana L. Coman
- Department of Computer Science, SUNY Oswego, Oswego, NY, USA
| | | | - Thomas Weiß
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek R. Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy R. Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Zora Kikinis
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jalbrzikowski M. Neuroimaging Phenotypes Associated With Risk and Resilience for Psychosis and Autism Spectrum Disorders in 22q11.2 Microdeletion Syndrome. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 6:211-224. [PMID: 33218931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Identification of biological risk factors that contribute to the development of complex neuropsychiatric disorders such as psychosis and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is key for early intervention and detection. Furthermore, parsing the biological heterogeneity associated with these neuropsychiatric syndromes will help us understand the neural mechanisms underlying psychiatric symptom development. The 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11DS) is caused by a recurrent genetic mutation that carries significantly increased risk for developing psychosis and/or ASD. In this review, I provide an brief introduction to 22q11DS and discuss common phenotyping strategies that are used to assess psychosis and ASD in this population. I then summarize neuroimaging phenotypes associated with psychosis and ASD in 22q11.DS. Next, I discuss challenges within the field and provide practical suggestions to overcome these obstacles. Finally, I discuss future directions for moving 22q11DS risk and resilience research forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jalbrzikowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Peyroux E, Babinet MN, Cannarsa C, Madelaine C, Favre E, Demily C, Michael GA. What do error patterns in processing facial expressions, social interaction scenes and vocal prosody tell us about the way social cognition works in children with 22q11.2DS? Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:299-313. [PMID: 31123832 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in social cognition have been frequently described in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) and are thought to be a hallmark of difficulties in social interactions. The present study addresses aspects that are critical for everyday social cognitive functioning but have received little attention so far. Sixteen children with 22q11.2DS and 22 controls completed 1 task of facial expression recognition, 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to faceless characters involved in visually presented social interactions, and 1 task of attribution of facial expressions to characters involved in aurally presented dialogues. All three tasks have in common to involve processing of emotions. All participants also completed two tasks of attention and two tasks of visual spatial perception, and their parents completed some scales regarding behavioural problems of their children. Patients performed worse than controls in all three tasks of emotion processing, and even worse in the second and third tasks. However, they performed above chance level in all three tasks, and the results were independent of IQ, age and gender. The analysis of error patterns suggests that patients tend to coarsely categorize situations as either attractive or repulsive and also that they have difficulties in differentiating emotions that are associated with threats. An isolated association between the tasks of emotion and behaviour was found, showing that the more frequently patients with 22q11.2DS perceive happiness where there is not, the less they exhibit aggressive behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Peyroux
- GénoPsy, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron, France.,EDRPsy, UMR 5229, CNRS, 67 Bd Pinel, Bron, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Babinet
- GénoPsy, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron, France.,EDRPsy, UMR 5229, CNRS, 67 Bd Pinel, Bron, France
| | - Costanza Cannarsa
- GénoPsy, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron, France.,EDRPsy, UMR 5229, CNRS, 67 Bd Pinel, Bron, France.,Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire D'Étude Des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France
| | - Charline Madelaine
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire D'Étude Des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire de Psychologie de Caen Normandie PALM (EA 7452), Université Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Emilie Favre
- GénoPsy, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron, France.,EDRPsy, UMR 5229, CNRS, 67 Bd Pinel, Bron, France
| | - Caroline Demily
- GénoPsy, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Bd Pinel, Bron, France.,EDRPsy, UMR 5229, CNRS, 67 Bd Pinel, Bron, France
| | - George A Michael
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France. .,Laboratoire D'Étude Des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lumière Lyon 2, Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
He Q, Li D, Turel O, Bechara A, Hser YI. White matter integrity alternations associated with cocaine dependence and long-term abstinence: Preliminary findings. Behav Brain Res 2019; 379:112388. [PMID: 31783090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine dependence has been associated with deficits in white matter (WM) integrity. Nevertheless, what happens to WM integrity after long-term abstinence is not fully understood. To bridge this gap, changes in WM integrity were examined with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) applied to 39 participants: 12 participants who used cocaine in the last year (CURRENT USERS), 20 who were at different stages of cocaine abstinence (ABSTINENCE) [five with 1-5 years of abstinence (ABS1), five with 6-10 years of abstinence (ABS2), and 10 with over 10 years of abstinence (ABS3)], and 7 healthy controls (CONTROLS). The CONTROL group had higher fractional anisotropy (FA) compared to CURRENT USERS in frontal cortex tracts, including the bilateral corpus callosum, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, left internal capsule, left middle cingulum, and left ventral and dorsal medial frontal regions. The ABSTINENCE group also had higher FA compared to CURRENT USERS in frontal cortex tracts, such as the bilateral corpus callosum, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, left uncinate fasciculus, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and the left ventral and dorsal medial frontal regions. Tractography analysis showed (1) deficits in terms of number of fibers and fiber length in these regions, and that (2) while there was some recovery of white matter in dorsolateral regions during abstinence, duration of abstinence was not associated with such recovery. The results identified WM differences among cocaine users, cocaine abstinent participants, and controls. These preliminary findings point to WM tracts that recover, and some that do not, after long-term abstinence from cocaine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China; Brain and Creativity Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Dandan Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, China
| | - Ofir Turel
- Brain and Creativity Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Information Systems and Decision Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Antoine Bechara
- Brain and Creativity Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yih-Ing Hser
- Center for Advancing Longitudinal Drug Abuse Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Favre E, Leleu A, Peyroux E, Baudouin JY, Franck N, Demily C. Exploratory case study of monozygotic twins with 22q11.2DS provides further clues to circumscribe neurocognitive markers of psychotic symptoms. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 24:101987. [PMID: 31446315 PMCID: PMC6713843 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Variation in facial emotion processing abilities may contribute to variability in penetrance for psychotic symptoms in 22q11.2DS. However, the precise nature of the social cognitive dysfunction (i.e., facial expression perception vs. emotion recognition), the potential additional roles of genetic and environmental variabilities, and consequently the possibility of using this neurocognitive marker in clinical monitoring remain unclear. The present case study aimed at testing the hypothesis that when confounding factors are controlled, the presence of psychotic symptoms in 22q11.2DS is associated, at the individual level, with a neural marker of facial expression perception rather than explicit emotional face recognition. Two monozygotic twins with 22q11.2DS discordant for psychiatric manifestations performed (1) a classical facial emotion labelling task and (2) an implicit neural measurement of facial expression perception using a frequency-tagging approach in electroencephalography (EEG). Analysis of the periodic brain response elicited by a change of facial expression from neutrality indicated that the twin with psychotic symptoms did not detect emotion among neutral faces while the twin without the symptoms did. In contrast, both encountered difficulties labelling facial emotion. The results from this exploratory twin study support the idea that impaired facial expression perception rather than explicit recognition of the emotion expressed might be a neurocognitive endophenotype of psychotic symptoms that could be reliable at a clinical level. Although confirmatory studies should be required, it facilitates further discussion on the etiology of the clinical phenotype in 22q11.2DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Favre
- GénoPsy, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares à Expression Psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 95 bd Pinel BP300.91, F-69 678 BRON Cedex, France; Equipe EDR-Psy, Institut de Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS-UMR5229 & Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, 67 bd Pinel, F-69 500 BRON, France.
| | - Arnaud Leleu
- Équipe Éthologie Développementale et Psychologie Cognitive, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, UMR 6265 CNRS, UMR 1324 INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 bd Jeanne d'Arc, F-21 000 Dijon, France.
| | - Elodie Peyroux
- GénoPsy, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares à Expression Psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 95 bd Pinel BP300.91, F-69 678 BRON Cedex, France; Equipe EDR-Psy, Institut de Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS-UMR5229 & Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, 67 bd Pinel, F-69 500 BRON, France; Centre ressource pour la réhabilitation psychosociale et la remédiation cognitive, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 5 rue Jean Sarrazin, F-69 008 Lyon, France.
| | - Jean-Yves Baudouin
- Équipe Éthologie Développementale et Psychologie Cognitive, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, UMR 6265 CNRS, UMR 1324 INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 bd Jeanne d'Arc, F-21 000 Dijon, France; Laboratoire Développement, Individu, Processus, Handicap, Education (DIPHE), Departement Psychologie du Développement, de l'Education et des Vulnérabilités (PsyDEV), Institut de psychologie, Université Lumière Lyon 2, 5 av Pierre Mendès-France, F-69676 Bron, France.
| | - Nicolas Franck
- Equipe EDR-Psy, Institut de Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS-UMR5229 & Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, 67 bd Pinel, F-69 500 BRON, France; Centre ressource pour la réhabilitation psychosociale et la remédiation cognitive, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 5 rue Jean Sarrazin, F-69 008 Lyon, France.
| | - Caroline Demily
- GénoPsy, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares à Expression Psychiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 95 bd Pinel BP300.91, F-69 678 BRON Cedex, France; Equipe EDR-Psy, Institut de Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS-UMR5229 & Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, 67 bd Pinel, F-69 500 BRON, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meijboom R, Steketee RME, Ham LS, Mantini D, Bron EE, van der Lugt A, van Swieten JC, Smits M. Exploring quantitative group-wise differentiation of Alzheimer's disease and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia using tract-specific microstructural white matter and functional connectivity measures at multiple time points. Eur Radiol 2019; 29:5148-5159. [PMID: 30859283 PMCID: PMC6719324 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-019-06061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study explored group-wise quantitative measures of tract-specific white matter (WM) microstructure and functional default mode network (DMN) connectivity to establish an initial indication of their clinical applicability for early-stage and follow-up differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Methods Eleven AD and 12 bvFTD early-stage patients and 18 controls underwent diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T. All AD and 6 bvFTD patients underwent the same protocol at 1-year follow-up. Functional connectivity measures of DMN and WM tract-specific diffusivity measures were determined for all groups. Exploratory analyses were performed to compare all measures between the three groups at baseline and between patients at follow-up. Additionally, the difference between baseline and follow-up diffusivity measures in AD and bvFTD patients was compared. Results Functional connectivity of the DMN was not different between groups at baseline and at follow-up. Diffusion abnormalities were observed widely in bvFTD and regionally in the hippocampal cingulum in AD. The extent of the differences between bvFTD and AD was diminished at follow-up, yet abnormalities were still more pronounced in bvFTD. The rate of change was similar in bvFTD and AD. Conclusions This study provides a tentative indication that quantitative tract-specific microstructural WM abnormalities, but not quantitative functional connectivity of the DMN, may aid early-stage and follow-up differential diagnosis of bvFTD and AD. Specifically, pronounced microstructural changes in anterior WM tracts may characterise bvFTD, whereas microstructural abnormalities of the hippocampal cingulum may characterise AD. Key Points • The clinical applicability of quantitative brain imaging measures for early-stage and follow-up differential diagnosis of dementia subtypes was explored using a group-wise approach. • Quantitative tract-specific microstructural white matter abnormalities, but not quantitative functional connectivity of the default mode network, may aid early-stage and follow-up differential diagnosis of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. • Pronounced microstructural white matter (WM) changes in anterior WM tracts characterise behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia, whereas microstructural WM abnormalities of the hippocampal cingulum in the absence of other WM changes characterise Alzheimer’s disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00330-019-06061-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Meijboom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R M E Steketee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L S Ham
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Mantini
- Research Center for Motor Control and Neuroplasticity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Foundation, Lido, Italy
| | - E E Bron
- Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam - Departments of Medical Informatics and Radiology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J C van Swieten
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Smits
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schleifer C, Lin A, Kushan L, Ji JL, Yang G, Bearden CE, Anticevic A. Dissociable Disruptions in Thalamic and Hippocampal Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Youth with 22q11.2 Deletions. J Neurosci 2019; 39:1301-1319. [PMID: 30478034 PMCID: PMC6381244 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3470-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a recurrent copy number variant with high penetrance for developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Study of individuals with 22q11DS therefore may offer key insights into neural mechanisms underlying such complex illnesses. Resting-state functional connectivity MRI studies in idiopathic schizophrenia have consistently revealed disruption of thalamic and hippocampal circuitry. Here, we sought to test whether this circuitry is similarly disrupted in the context of this genetic high-risk condition. To this end, resting-state functional connectivity patterns were assessed in a sample of human youth with 22q11DS (n = 42; 59.5% female) and demographically matched healthy controls (n = 39; 53.8% female). Neuroimaging data were acquired via single-band protocols and analyzed in line with methods provided by the Human Connectome Project. We computed functional relationships between individual-specific anatomically defined thalamic and hippocampal seeds and all gray matter voxels in the brain. Whole-brain Type I error protection was achieved through nonparametric permutation-based methods. The 22q11DS patients displayed dissociable disruptions in thalamic and hippocampal functional connectivity relative to control subjects. Thalamocortical coupling was increased in somatomotor regions and reduced across associative networks. The opposite effect was observed for the hippocampus in regards to somatomotor and associative network connectivity. The thalamic and hippocampal dysconnectivity observed in 22q11DS suggests that high genetic risk for psychiatric illness is linked with disruptions in large-scale corticosubcortical networks underlying higher-order cognitive functions. These effects highlight the translational importance of large-effect copy number variants for informing mechanisms underlying neural disruptions observed in idiopathic developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Investigation of neuroimaging biomarkers in highly penetrant genetic syndromes represents a more biologically tractable approach to identify neural circuit disruptions underlying developmental neuropsychiatric conditions. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome confers particularly high risk for psychotic disorders and is thus an important translational model in which to investigate systems-level mechanisms implicated in idiopathic illness. Here, we show resting-state fMRI evidence of large-scale sensory and executive network disruptions in youth with 22q11DS. In particular, this study provides the first evidence that these networks are disrupted in a dissociable fashion with regard to the functional connectivity of the thalamus and hippocampus, suggesting circuit-level dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Schleifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511
| | - Amy Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Leila Kushan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Jie Lisa Ji
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Genevieve Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095,
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511,
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
- Abraham Ribicoff Research Facilities, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06519
- NIAAA Center for the Translational Neuroscience of Alcoholism, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, and
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut 06520
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
An implicit and reliable neural measure quantifying impaired visual coding of facial expression: evidence from the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:67. [PMID: 30718458 PMCID: PMC6362075 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although various psychiatric disorders present with social-cognitive impairment, a measure assessing social-cognitive processes implicitly and reliably, with high selectivity and with enough signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for individual evaluation of any population at any age, is lacking. Here we isolate a neural marker quantifying impaired visual coding of facial expression in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) using frequency-tagging with electroencephalography (EEG). Twenty-two 22q11DS participants and 22 healthy controls were presented with changes of facial expression displayed at low, moderate, and high intensities every five cycles in a stream of one neutral face repeating 6 times per second (i.e., at a 6 Hz base rate). The brain response to expression changes tagged at the 1.2 Hz (i.e., 6 Hz/5) predefined frequency was isolated over occipito-temporal regions in both groups of participants for moderate- and high-intensity facial expressions. Neural sensitivity to facial expression was reduced by about 36% in 22q11DS, revealing impaired visual coding of emotional facial signals. The significance of the expression-change response was estimated for each single participant thanks to the high SNR of the approach. Further analyses revealed the high reliability of the response and its immunity from other neurocognitive skills. Interestingly, response magnitude was associated with the severity of positive symptoms, pointing to a potential endophenotype for psychosis risk. Overall, the present study reveals an objective, selective, reliable, and behavior-free signature of impaired visual coding of facial expression implicitly quantified from brain activity with high SNR. This novel tool opens avenues for clinical practice, providing a potential early biomarker for later psychosis onset and offering an alternative for individual assessment of social-cognitive functioning in even difficult-to-test participants.
Collapse
|
19
|
Psychiatric and Cognitive Symptoms Associated with Niemann-Pick Type C Disease: Neurobiology and Management. CNS Drugs 2019; 33:125-142. [PMID: 30632019 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-018-0599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a lysosomal storage disorder that presents with a spectrum of clinical manifestations from infancy and childhood or in early or mid-adulthood. Progressive neurological symptoms including ataxia, dystonia and vertical gaze palsy are a hallmark of the disease, and psychiatric symptoms such as psychosis and mood disorders are common. These latter symptoms often present early in the course of NPC and thus these patients are often diagnosed with a major psychotic or affective disorder before neurological and cognitive signs present and the diagnosis is revised. The commonalities and characteristics of psychotic symptoms in both NPC and schizophrenia may share neuronal pathways and mechanisms and provide potential targets for research in both disorders. The neurobiology of NPC and its relationship to the pattern of neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms is described in this review. A number of neurobiological models are proposed as mechanisms by which NPC causes psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, informed from models proposed in schizophrenia and other metabolic disorders. There are a number of symptomatic and illness-modifying treatments for NPC currently available. The current evidence is discussed; focussing on two medications which have shown promise, miglustat and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.
Collapse
|
20
|
Herbet G, Zemmoura I, Duffau H. Functional Anatomy of the Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus: From Historical Reports to Current Hypotheses. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:77. [PMID: 30283306 PMCID: PMC6156142 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) is a long-range, associative white matter pathway that connects the occipital and temporal-occipital areas of the brain to the anterior temporal areas. In view of the ILF's anatomic connections, it has been suggested that this pathway has a major role in a relatively large array of brain functions. Until recently, however, the literature data on these potential functions were scarce. Here, we review the key findings of recent anatomic, neuromodulation, and neuropsychological studies. We also summarize reports on how this tract is disrupted in a wide range of brain disorders, including psychopathologic, neurodevelopmental, and neurologic diseases. Our review reveals that the ILF is a multilayered, bidirectional tract involved in processing and modulating visual cues and thus in visually guided decisions and behaviors. Accordingly, sudden disruption of the ILF by neurologic insult is mainly associated with neuropsychological impairments of visual cognition (e.g., visual agnosia, prosopagnosia, and alexia). Furthermore, disruption of the ILF may constitute the pathophysiologic basis for visual hallucinations and socio-emotional impairments in schizophrenia, as well as emotional difficulties in autism spectrum disorder. Degeneration of the ILF in neurodegenerative diseases affecting the temporal lobe may explain (at least in part) the gradual onset of semantic and lexical access difficulties. Although some of the functions mediated by the ILF appear to be relatively lateralized, observations from neurosurgery suggest that disruption of the tract's anterior portion can be dynamically compensated for by the contralateral portion. This might explain why bilateral disruption of the ILF in either acute or progressive disease is highly detrimental in neuropsychological terms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- INSERM-1051, Team 4, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ilyess Zemmoura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tours University Medical Center, Tours, France
- UMR 1253, iBrain, INSERM, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- INSERM-1051, Team 4, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dozolme D, Prigent E, Yang YF, Amorim MA. The neuroelectric dynamics of the emotional anticipation of other people's pain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200535. [PMID: 30067781 PMCID: PMC6070195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
When we observe a dynamic emotional facial expression, we usually automatically anticipate how that expression will develop. Our objective was to study a neurocognitive biomarker of this anticipatory process for facial pain expressions, operationalized as a mismatch effect. For this purpose, we studied the behavioral and neuroelectric (Event-Related Potential, ERP) correlates, of a match or mismatch, between the intensity of an expression of pain anticipated by the participant, and the intensity of a static test expression of pain displayed with the use of a representational momentum paradigm. Here, the paradigm consisted in displaying a dynamic facial pain expression which suddenly disappeared, and participants had to memorize the final intensity of the dynamic expression. We compared ERPs in response to congruent (intensity the same as the one memorized) and incongruent (intensity different from the one memorized) static expression intensities displayed after the dynamic expression. This paradigm allowed us to determine the amplitude and direction of this intensity anticipation by measuring the observer's memory bias. Results behaviorally showed that the anticipation was backward (negative memory bias) for high intensity expressions of pain (participants expected a return to a neutral state) and more forward (memory bias less negative, or even positive) for less intense expressions (participants expected increased intensity). Detecting mismatch (incongruent intensity) led to faster responses than detecting match (congruent intensity). The neuroelectric correlates of this mismatch effect in response to the testing of expression intensity ranged from P100 to LPP (Late Positive Potential). Path analysis and source localization suggested that the medial frontal gyrus was instrumental in mediating the mismatch effect through top-down influence on both the occipital and temporal regions. Moreover, having the facility to detect incongruent expressions, by anticipating emotional state, could be useful for prosocial behavior and the detection of trustworthiness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Dozolme
- CIAMS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Elise Prigent
- LIMSI, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Yu-Fang Yang
- CIAMS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Michel-Ange Amorim
- CIAMS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- CIAMS, Université d’Orléans, Orléans, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Y, Metoki A, Alm KH, Olson IR. White matter pathways and social cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 90:350-370. [PMID: 29684403 PMCID: PMC5993647 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing consensus that social cognition and behavior emerge from interactions across distributed regions of the "social brain". Researchers have traditionally focused their attention on functional response properties of these gray matter networks and neglected the vital role of white matter connections in establishing such networks and their functions. In this article, we conduct a comprehensive review of prior research on structural connectivity in social neuroscience and highlight the importance of this literature in clarifying brain mechanisms of social cognition. We pay particular attention to three key social processes: face processing, embodied cognition, and theory of mind, and their respective underlying neural networks. To fully identify and characterize the anatomical architecture of these networks, we further implement probabilistic tractography on a large sample of diffusion-weighted imaging data. The combination of an in-depth literature review and the empirical investigation gives us an unprecedented, well-defined landscape of white matter pathways underlying major social brain networks. Finally, we discuss current problems in the field, outline suggestions for best practice in diffusion-imaging data collection and analysis, and offer new directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19107, USA.
| | - Athanasia Metoki
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19107, USA
| | - Kylie H Alm
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19107, USA
| | - Ingrid R Olson
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, 19107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nuninga JO, Bohlken MM, Koops S, Fiksinski AM, Mandl RCW, Breetvelt EJ, Duijff SN, Kahn RS, Sommer IEC, Vorstman JAS. White matter abnormalities in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome patients showing cognitive decline. Psychol Med 2018; 48:1655-1663. [PMID: 29143717 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717003142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decline in cognitive functioning precedes the first psychotic episode in the course of schizophrenia and is considered a hallmark symptom of the disorder. Given the low incidence of schizophrenia, it remains a challenge to investigate whether cognitive decline coincides with disease-related changes in brain structure, such as white matter abnormalities. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is an appealing model in this context, as 25% of patients develop psychosis. Furthermore, we recently showed that cognitive decline also precedes the onset of psychosis in individuals with 22q11DS. Here, we investigate whether the early cognitive decline in patients with 22q11DS is associated with alterations in white matter microstructure. METHODS We compared the fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter in 22q11DS patients with cognitive decline [n = 16; -18.34 (15.8) VIQ percentile points over 6.80 (2.39) years] to 22q11DS patients without cognitive decline [n = 18; 17.71 (20.17) VIQ percentile points over 5.27 (2.03) years] by applying an atlas-based approach to diffusion-weighted imaging data. RESULTS FA was significantly increased (p < 0.05, FDR) in 22q11DS patients with a cognitive decline in the bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, the bilateral cingulum bundle, all subcomponents of the left internal capsule and the left superior frontal-occipital fasciculus as compared with 22q11DS patients without cognitive decline. CONCLUSIONS Within 22q11DS, the early cognitive decline is associated with microstructural differences in white matter. At the mean age of 17.8 years, these changes are reflected in increased FA in several tracts. We hypothesize that similar brain alterations associated with cognitive decline take place early in the trajectory of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Olivier Nuninga
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Marc Marijn Bohlken
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Koops
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Ania M Fiksinski
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - René C W Mandl
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Elemi J Breetvelt
- Dalglish Family Hearts and Minds Clinic for 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network,Toronto, Ontario,Canada
| | - Sasja N Duijff
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - René S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Iris E C Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Jacob A S Vorstman
- Department of Psychiatry,Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lemaitre AL, Lafargue G, Duffau H, Herbet G. Damage to the left uncinate fasciculus is associated with heightened schizotypal traits: A multimodal lesion-mapping study. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:240-248. [PMID: 29499963 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that individuals with pronounced schizotypal traits also display particular neurophysiological and morphological features - notably with regard to left frontotemporal connectivity. However, the studies published to date have focused on subclinical subjects and psychiatric patients, rather than brain-damaged patients. Here, we used the French version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire to assess schizotypal traits in a sample of 97 patients having undergone surgical resection of a diffuse low-grade glioma. Patients having received other neurooncological treatments (including chemotherapy and radiotherapy) were not included. A combination of ROI-based based voxel-wise and tract-wise lesion-symptom mapping and a disconnectome analysis were performed, in order to identify the putative neural network associated with schizotypy. The ROI-based lesion-symptom mapping revealed a significant relationship between the cognitive-perceptual (positive) dimension of schizotypy and the left inferior gyrus (including the pars opercularis and the pars orbitalis). Importantly, we found that disconnection of the left uncinate fasciculus (UF) was a powerful predictor of the positive dimension of schizotypy. Lastly, the disconnection analysis indicated that the positive dimension of schizotypy was significantly associated with the white matter fibres deep in the left orbital and inferior frontal gyri and the left superior temporal pole, which mainly correspond to the spatial topography of the left UF. Taken as a whole, our results suggest that dysconnectivity of the neural network supplied by the left UF is associated with heightened positive schizotypal traits. Our new findings may be of value in interpreting current research in the field of biological psychiatry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Lemaitre
- Univ. Lille, EA 4072 - PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Emotions, Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Lafargue
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société, C2S, EA 6291, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, F-51096 Reims, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295 Montpellier, France; Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091 Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295 Montpellier, France; Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091 Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kikinis Z, Cho KIK, Coman IL, Radoeva PD, Bouix S, Tang Y, Eckbo R, Makris N, Kwon JS, Kubicki M, Antshel KM, Fremont W, Shenton ME, Kates WR. Abnormalities in brain white matter in adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and psychotic symptoms. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:1353-1364. [PMID: 27730479 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS) is considered to be a promising cohort to explore biomarkers of schizophrenia risk based on a 30 % probability of developing schizophrenia in adulthood. In this study, we investigated abnormalities in the microstructure of white matter in adolescents with 22q11DS and their specificity to prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia. METHODS Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) data were acquired from 50 subjects with 22q11DS (9 with and 41 without prodromal psychotic symptoms), and 47 matched healthy controls (mean age 18 +/-2 years). DMRI measures, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were calculated and compared between groups using the Tract Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) method. Additionally, correlations between dMRI measures and scores on positive symptoms were performed. RESULTS Reductions in MD, AD and RD (but not FA) were found in the corpus callosum (CC), left and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and left and right corona radiata in the entire 22q11DS group. In addition, the 22q11DS subgroup with prodromal symptoms showed reductions in AD and MD, but no changes in RD when compared to the non-prodromal subgroup, in CC, right SLF, right corona radiata and right internal capsule. Finally, AD values in these tracts correlated with the scores on the psychosis subscale. CONCLUSION Microstructural abnormalities in brain white matter are present in adolescent subjects with prodromal psychotic symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zora Kikinis
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Kang Ik K Cho
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ioana L Coman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Petya D Radoeva
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yingying Tang
- Department of EEG and Imaging, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ryan Eckbo
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Psychiatry and Neurology Departments, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kevin M Antshel
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wanda Fremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA
| | - Wendy R Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
The Original Social Network: White Matter and Social Cognition. Trends Cogn Sci 2018; 22:504-516. [PMID: 29628441 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Social neuroscience has traditionally focused on the functionality of gray matter regions, ignoring the critical role played by axonal fiber pathways in supporting complex social processes. In this paper, we argue that research on white matter is essential for understanding a range of topics in social neuroscience, such as face processing, theory of mind, empathy, and imitation, as well as clinical disorders defined by aberrant social behavior, such as prosopagnosia, autism, and schizophrenia. We provide practical advice on how best to carry out these studies, which ultimately will substantially deepen our understanding of the neurobiological basis of social behavior.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ryan NP, Genc S, Beauchamp MH, Yeates KO, Hearps S, Catroppa C, Anderson VA, Silk TJ. White matter microstructure predicts longitudinal social cognitive outcomes after paediatric traumatic brain injury: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Psychol Med 2018; 48:679-691. [PMID: 28780927 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717002057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in social cognition may be among the most profound and disabling sequelae of paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the neuroanatomical correlates of longitudinal outcomes in this domain remain unexplored. This study aimed to characterize social cognitive outcomes longitudinally after paediatric TBI, and to evaluate the use of sub-acute diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to predict these outcomes. METHODS The sample included 52 children with mild complex-severe TBI who were assessed on cognitive theory of mind (ToM), pragmatic language and affective ToM at 6- and 24-months post-injury. For comparison, 43 typically developing controls (TDCs) of similar age and sex were recruited. DTI data were acquired sub-acutely (mean = 5.5 weeks post-injury) in a subset of 65 children (TBI = 35; TDC = 30) to evaluate longitudinal prospective relationships between white matter microstructure assessed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and social cognitive outcomes. RESULTS Whole brain voxel-wise analysis revealed significantly higher mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the sub-acute TBI group compared with TDC, with differences observed predominantly in the splenium of the corpus callosum (sCC), sagittal stratum (SS), dorsal cingulum (DC), uncinate fasciculus (UF) and middle and superior cerebellar peduncles (MCP & SCP, respectively). Relative to TDCs, children with TBI showed poorer cognitive ToM, affective ToM and pragmatic language at 6-months post-insult, and those deficits were related to abnormal diffusivity of the sCC, SS, DC, UF, MCP and SCP. Moreover, children with TBI showed poorer affective ToM and pragmatic language at 24-months post-injury, and those outcomes were predicted by sub-acute alterations in diffusivity of the DC and MCP. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal microstructure within frontal-temporal, limbic and cerebro-cerebellar white matter may be a risk factor for long-term social difficulties observed in children with TBI. DTI may have potential to unlock early prognostic markers of long-term social outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N P Ryan
- Australian Centre for Child Neuropsychological Studies,Murdoch Children's Research Institute,Melbourne,Australia
| | - S Genc
- Developmental Imaging,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,Melbourne,Australia
| | - M H Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology,University of Montreal,Montreal,Canada
| | - K O Yeates
- Department of Psychology,Hotchkiss Brain Institute,Calgary, Alberta,Canada
| | - S Hearps
- Australian Centre for Child Neuropsychological Studies,Murdoch Children's Research Institute,Melbourne,Australia
| | - C Catroppa
- Australian Centre for Child Neuropsychological Studies,Murdoch Children's Research Institute,Melbourne,Australia
| | - V A Anderson
- Australian Centre for Child Neuropsychological Studies,Murdoch Children's Research Institute,Melbourne,Australia
| | - T J Silk
- Developmental Imaging,Murdoch Childrens Research Institute,Melbourne,Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mattiaccio LM, Coman IL, Thompson CA, Fremont WP, Antshel KM, Kates WR. Frontal dysconnectivity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: an atlas-based functional connectivity analysis. Behav Brain Funct 2018; 14:2. [PMID: 29352808 PMCID: PMC5775582 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-018-0134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with deficits in cognitive and emotional processing. This syndrome represents one of the highest risk factors for the development of schizophrenia. Previous studies of functional connectivity (FC) in 22q11DS report aberrant connectivity patterns in large-scale networks that are associated with the development of psychotic symptoms. METHODS In this study, we performed a functional connectivity analysis using the CONN toolbox to test for differential connectivity patterns between 54 individuals with 22q11DS and 30 healthy controls, between the ages of 17-25 years old. We mapped resting-state fMRI data onto 68 atlas-based regions of interest (ROIs) generated by the Desikan-Killany atlas in FreeSurfer, resulting in 2278 ROI-to-ROI connections for which we determined total linear temporal associations between each. Within the group with 22q11DS only, we further tested the association between prodromal symptoms of psychosis and FC. RESULTS We observed that relative to controls, individuals with 22q11DS displayed increased FC in lobar networks involving the frontal-frontal, frontal-parietal, and frontal-occipital ROIs. In contrast, FC between ROIs in the parietal-temporal and occipital lobes was reduced in the 22q11DS group relative to healthy controls. Moreover, positive psychotic symptoms were positively associated with increased functional connections between the left precuneus and right superior frontal gyrus, as well as reduced functional connectivity between the bilateral pericalcarine. Positive symptoms were negatively associated with increased functional connectivity between the right pericalcarine and right postcentral gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that functional organization may be altered in 22q11DS, leading to disruption in connectivity between frontal and other lobar substructures, and potentially increasing risk for prodromal psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Mattiaccio
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Ioana L Coman
- Department of Computer Science, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY, USA
| | - Carlie A Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Wanda P Fremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Kevin M Antshel
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Wendy R Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Recent large-scale genomic studies have confirmed that schizophrenia is a polygenic syndrome and have implicated a number of biological pathways in its aetiology. Both common variants individually of small effect and rarer but more penetrant genetic variants have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disorder. No simple Mendelian forms of the condition have been identified, but progress has been made in stratifying risk on the basis of the polygenic burden of common variants individually of small effect, and the contribution of rarer variants of larger effect such as Copy Number Variants (CNVs). Pathway analysis of risk-associated variants has begun to identify specific biological processes implicated in risk for the disorder, including elements of the glutamatergic NMDA receptor complex and post synaptic density, voltage-gated calcium channels, targets of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP targets) and immune pathways. Genetic studies have also been used to drive genomic imaging approaches to the investigation of brain markers associated with risk for the disorder. Genomic imaging approaches have been applied both to investigate the effect of polygenic risk and to study the impact of individual higher-penetrance variants such as CNVs. Both genomic and genomic imaging approaches offer potential for the stratification of patients and at-risk groups and the development of better biomarkers of risk and treatment response; however, further research is needed to integrate this work and realise the full potential of these approaches.
Collapse
|
30
|
Roalf DR, Eric Schmitt J, Vandekar SN, Satterthwaite TD, Shinohara RT, Ruparel K, Elliott MA, Prabhakaran K, McDonald-McGinn DM, Zackai EH, Gur RC, Emanuel BS, Gur RE. White matter microstructural deficits in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Psychiatry Res 2017; 268:35-44. [PMID: 28865345 PMCID: PMC5814141 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), a neurogenetic condition associated with psychosis, report brain white matter (WM) microstructure aberrations. Several studies report that WM disruptions in 22q11DS are similar to deficits in idiopathic schizophrenia. Yet, DTI results in 22q11DS are inconsistent. We used DTI to compare WM structure in 22q11DS individuals to healthy controls (HC) and explored WM differences in 22q11DS with (+) and without (-) psychosis spectrum symptoms. We examined 39 22q11DS individuals and 39 age, sex and race equivalent HC. DTI was performed at 3T using a 64-direction protocol. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was lower, while radial diffusivity was higher in 22q11DS within the cingulum bundle. Mean diffusivity was lower in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, while axial diffusivity (AD) was lower in the cingulum bundle, forceps major, and several posterior to anterior fasciculi. 22q11DS+ had lower FA in the cingulum bundle and lower AD in the uncinate fasciculus compared to 22q11DS-. Overall, we found aberrant WM microstructure in individuals with 22q11DS compared to age and sex matched HC and exploratory analysis indicated subtle WM deficits associated with psychosis. The findings highlight the dysfunction of WM microstructure in 22q11DS and its potential importance in elucidating WM abnormalities in psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Roalf
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - J Eric Schmitt
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simon N Vandekar
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark A Elliott
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Karthik Prabhakaran
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Donna M McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine H Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI) at the University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Beverly S Emanuel
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI) at the University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Badoud D, Schneider M, Menghetti S, Glaser B, Debbané M, Eliez S. Understanding others: a pilot investigation of cognitive and affective facets of social cognition in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). J Neurodev Disord 2017; 9:35. [PMID: 28946869 PMCID: PMC5613394 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-017-9216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although significant impairments in the affective and cognitive facets of social cognition have been highlighted in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) in previous studies, these domains have never been investigated simultaneously within the same group of participants. Furthermore, despite theoretical evidence, associations between these two processes and schizotypal symptoms or social difficulties in this population have been scarcely examined. METHODS Twenty-nine participants with 22q11DS and 27 typically developing controls (N = 5 siblings; N = 22 unrelated controls) aged between 11 and 21 years participated in the study. Both groups were matched for age and gender distribution. Two computerized social cognition tasks evaluating perspective and emotion recognition abilities were administered to all participants. The levels of schizotypal trait expression and social functioning were further investigated in both groups, based on a validated self-report questionnaire (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire) and parental interview (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales). RESULTS Participants with 22q11DS exhibited lower perspective-taking and emotion recognition capacities than typically developing controls. The two socio-cognitive dimensions investigated here were further correlated in healthy controls. The efficiency of perspective-taking processes (response time) was marginally related to the degree of schizotypal trait expression in patients with 22q11DS. CONCLUSIONS This study first provides support for significant deficits in two core facets of social cognition in 22q11DS. The associations observed between the experimental tasks and measures of social functioning or schizotypal symptoms in 22q11DS open promising research avenue, which should be more deeply investigated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Badoud
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
- Lab of Action and Body, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
| | - M. Schneider
- Office Medico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research group psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S. Menghetti
- Office Medico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B. Glaser
- Office Medico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M. Debbané
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland
- Office Medico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - S. Eliez
- Office Medico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Padula MC, Scariati E, Schaer M, Sandini C, Ottet MC, Schneider M, Van De Ville D, Eliez S. Altered structural network architecture is predictive of the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 16:142-150. [PMID: 28794975 PMCID: PMC5540832 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) represents a homogeneous model of schizophrenia particularly suitable for the search of neural biomarkers of psychosis. Impairments in structural connectivity related to the presence of psychotic symptoms have been reported in patients with 22q11DS. However, the relationships between connectivity changes in patients with different symptomatic profiles are still largely unknown and warrant further investigations. In this study, we used structural connectivity to discriminate patients with 22q11DS with (N = 31) and without (N = 31) attenuated positive psychotic symptoms. Different structural connectivity measures were used, including the number of streamlines connecting pairs of brain regions, graph theoretical measures, and diffusion measures. We used univariate group comparisons as well as predictive multivariate approaches. The univariate comparison of connectivity measures between patients with or without attenuated positive psychotic symptoms did not give significant results. However, the multivariate prediction revealed that altered structural network architecture discriminates patient subtypes (accuracy = 67.7%). Among the regions contributing to the classification we found the anterior cingulate cortex, which is known to be associated to the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients with 22q11DS. Furthermore, a significant discrimination (accuracy = 64%) was obtained with fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and the right cingulate gyrus. Our results point to alterations in structural network architecture and white matter microstructure in patients with 22q11DS with attenuated positive symptoms, mainly involving connections of the limbic system. These alterations may therefore represent a potential biomarker for an increased risk of psychosis that should be further tested in longitudinal studies. Altered network architecture discriminates psychotic patients with 22q11DS; Altered diffusivity measures are evident in psychotic patients with 22q11DS; White matter alterations associated to psychosis are located in limbic regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Padula
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Scariati
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Schaer
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Christine Ottet
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Norkett EM, Lincoln SH, Gonzalez-Heydrich J, D'Angelo EJ. Social cognitive impairment in 22q11 deletion syndrome: A review. Psychiatry Res 2017; 253:99-106. [PMID: 28364592 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) exhibit a broad array of physical and psychiatric features, of which impaired social cognition and poor social functioning are common. This review seeks to (1) characterize the current understanding of impairment across social cognitive domains in the context of 22q11DS, and (2) synthesize the relevant literature on social cognition and psychosis, given that the prevalence of psychosis in 22q11DS is especially high compared to the general population. A total of 16 papers examining social cognition in 22q11DS were identified through a comprehensive literature search conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed and PSYCInfo. Results suggest that individuals with 22q11DS exhibit impaired emotion processing and complex theory of mind relative to their typically developing peers, though some findings were accounted for by neurocognitive and intellectual abilities. Further, no studies have examined the domains of attribution bias or social perception in 22q11DS, highlighting a critical gap in the extant literature. More research is needed to better elucidate the trajectory of how and why social cognitive impairment develops in 22q11DS, and to explore possible relationships to psychiatric comorbidities like psychosis. Treatment implications and future steps are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Norkett
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Sarah Hope Lincoln
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Eugene J D'Angelo
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tylee DS, Kikinis Z, Quinn TP, Antshel KM, Fremont W, Tahir MA, Zhu A, Gong X, Glatt SJ, Coman IL, Shenton ME, Kates WR, Makris N. Machine-learning classification of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A diffusion tensor imaging study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 15:832-842. [PMID: 28761808 PMCID: PMC5522376 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental syndrome that has been studied intensively in order to understand relationships between the genetic microdeletion, brain development, cognitive function, and the emergence of psychiatric symptoms. White matter microstructural abnormalities identified using diffusion tensor imaging methods have been reported to affect a variety of neuroanatomical tracts in 22q11.2DS. In the present study, we sought to combine two discovery-based approaches: (1) white matter query language was used to parcellate the brain's white matter into tracts connecting pairs of 34, bilateral cortical regions and (2) the diffusion imaging characteristics of the resulting tracts were analyzed using a machine-learning method called support vector machine in order to optimize the selection of a set of imaging features that maximally discriminated 22q11.2DS and comparison subjects. With this unique approach, we both confirmed previously-recognized 22q11.2DS-related abnormalities in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), and identified, for the first time, 22q11.2DS-related anomalies in the middle longitudinal fascicle and the extreme capsule, which may have been overlooked in previous, hypothesis-guided studies. We further observed that, in participants with 22q11.2DS, ILF metrics were significantly associated with positive prodromal symptoms of psychosis.
Collapse
Key Words
- (-fp), fronto-parietal aspect
- (-to), temporo-occipital aspect
- (-tp), temporo-parietal aspect
- (22q11.2DS), 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
- (AD), axial diffusivity
- (DTI), diffusion tensor imaging
- (DWI), diffusion weighted image
- (EmC), extreme capsule
- (FA), fractional anisotropy
- (FOV), field of view
- (GDS), Gordon Diagnostic Systems
- (ILF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus
- (MdLF), middle longitudinal fascicle
- (RD), radial diffusivity
- (ROI), region of interest
- (SIPS), Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes
- (SRS), Social Responsiveness Scale
- (STG), superior temporal gyrus
- (SVM), support vector machine
- (UKF), Unscented Kalman Filter
- (WAIS-III), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – 3rd edition
- (WMQL), white matter query language
- (dTP), dorsal temporal pole
- 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
- Callosal asymmetry
- Diffusion tensor imaging
- Extreme capsule
- Inferior longitudinal fasciculus
- Machine-learning
- Middle longitudinal fascicle
- Support vector machine
- Velocardiofacial syndrome
- White matter query language
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Tylee
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Zora Kikinis
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Thomas P Quinn
- Bioinformatics Core Research Group, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Wanda Fremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Muhammad A Tahir
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Anni Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Glatt
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Ioana L Coman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA.
| | - Wendy R Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Nikos Makris
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Olszewski AK, Kikinis Z, Gonzalez CS, Coman IL, Makris N, Gong X, Rathi Y, Zhu A, Antshel KM, Fremont W, Kubicki MR, Bouix S, Shenton ME, Kates WR. The social brain network in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Behav Brain Funct 2017; 13:4. [PMID: 28209179 PMCID: PMC5314621 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-017-0122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a neurogenetic disorder that is associated with a 25-fold increase in schizophrenia. Both individuals with 22q11.2DS and those with schizophrenia present with social cognitive deficits, which are putatively subserved by a network of brain regions that are involved in the processing of social cognitive information. This study used two-tensor tractography to examine the white matter tracts believed to underlie the social brain network in a group of 57 young adults with 22q11.2DS compared to 30 unaffected controls. RESULTS Results indicated that relative to controls, participants with 22q11.2DS showed significant differences in several DTI metrics within the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, cingulum bundle, thalamo-frontal tract, and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. In addition, participants with 22q11.2DS showed significant differences in scores on measures of social cognition, including the Social Responsiveness Scale and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. Further analyses among individuals with 22q11.2DS demonstrated an association between DTI metrics and positive and negative symptoms of psychosis, as well as differentiation between individuals with 22q11.2DS and overt psychosis, relative to those with positive prodromal symptoms or no psychosis. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that white matter disruption, specifically disrupted axonal coherence in the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, may be a biomarker for social cognitive difficulties and psychosis in individuals with 22q11.2DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Olszewski
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Zora Kikinis
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ioana L Coman
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Nikolaos Makris
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anni Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Wanda Fremont
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Marek R Kubicki
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Brockton, MA, USA
| | - Wendy R Kates
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E. Adams St., Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
van Son D, Wiers RW, Catena A, Perez-Garcia M, Verdejo-García A. White matter disruptions in male cocaine polysubstance users: Associations with severity of drug use and duration of abstinence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 168:247-254. [PMID: 27736678 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocaine dependence has been associated with alterations in the brain's white matter integrity, yet relevant questions remain about what alterations are linked to cocaine use and/or polysubstance use, and whether they are amenable to abstinence. METHODS This study applied a single measurement session of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine white matter structure in male cocaine polysubstance users (n=37) versus male healthy controls (n=38), along with correlations between DTI measures and patterns of polysubstance use and duration of abstinence. Specifically, we conducted voxel-wise analyses of fractional anisotropy (FA) in the corpus callosum, frontolimbic, striatal and cingulate tracts relevant to drug sequelae. RESULTS Cocaine polysubstance users, compared to controls, showed lower FA in the body of the corpus callosum, anterior cingulate, uncinate fasciculus and retrolenticular part of the internal capsule. Duration of cocaine use had a marginal negative association with FA in the corpus callosum, and duration of alcohol use was negatively associated with FA in the internal capsule and the uncinate fasciculus. Duration of cocaine abstinence was positively correlated with FA in the uncinate fasciculus, posterior cingulate and fornix-striatum. In the context of cocaine polysubstance use, chronicity of cocaine use is therefore likely to be associated with lower FA in the corpus callosum, and chronicity of alcohol use with lower FA in the frontal-striatal and frontal-limbic tracts. Longer abstinence was correlated to greater FA in frontal-striatal and frontal-limbic tracts, though the direction of causality remains unclear. CONCLUSION Since the results did not survive multiple comparison-corrected thresholds, more studies are needed to confirm these indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana van Son
- Addiction, Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) lab, Dept. of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Reinout W Wiers
- Addiction, Development and Psychopathology (ADAPT) lab, Dept. of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrés Catena
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Perez-Garcia
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Verdejo-García
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos & Institute of Neurosciences F. Olóriz, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Schmitt JE, Yi J, Calkins ME, Ruparel K, Roalf DR, Cassidy A, Souders MC, Satterthwaite TD, McDonald-McGinn DM, Zackai EH, Gur RC, Emanuel BS, Gur RE. Disrupted anatomic networks in the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:420-8. [PMID: 27622139 PMCID: PMC5008050 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is an uncommon genetic disorder with an increased risk of psychosis. Although the neural substrates of psychosis and schizophrenia are not well understood, aberrations in cortical networks represent intriguing potential mechanisms. Investigations of anatomic networks within 22q11DS are sparse. We investigated group differences in anatomic network structure in 48 individuals with 22q11DS and 370 typically developing controls by analyzing covariance patterns in cortical thickness among 68 regions of interest using graph theoretical models. Subjects with 22q11DS had less robust geographic organization relative to the control group, particularly in the occipital and parietal lobes. Multiple global graph theoretical statistics were decreased in 22q11DS. These results are consistent with prior studies demonstrating decreased connectivity in 22q11DS using other neuroimaging methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Eric Schmitt
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James Yi
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Monica E. Calkins
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David R. Roalf
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amy Cassidy
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Margaret C. Souders
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Theodore D. Satterthwaite
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Donna M. McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elaine H. Zackai
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Beverly S. Emanuel
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
O'Hanlon E, Howley S, Prasad S, McGrath J, Leemans A, McDonald C, Garavan H, Murphy KC. Multimodal MRI reveals structural connectivity differences in 22q11 deletion syndrome related to impaired spatial working memory. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:4689-4705. [PMID: 27511297 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impaired spatial working memory is a core cognitive deficit observed in people with 22q11 Deletion syndrome (22q11DS) and has been suggested as a candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia. However, to date, the neuroanatomical mechanisms describing its structural and functional underpinnings in 22q11DS remain unclear. We quantitatively investigate the cognitive processes and associated neuroanatomy of spatial working memory in people with 22q11DS compared to matched controls. We examine whether there are significant between-group differences in spatial working memory using task related fMRI, Voxel based morphometry and white matter fiber tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging employing functional, diffusion and volumetric techniques were used to quantitatively assess the cognitive and neuroanatomical features of spatial working memory processes in 22q11DS. Twenty-six participants with genetically confirmed 22q11DS aged between 9 and 52 years and 26 controls aged between 8 and 46 years, matched for age, gender, and handedness were recruited. RESULTS People with 22q11DS have significant differences in spatial working memory functioning accompanied by a gray matter volume reduction in the right precuneus. Gray matter volume was significantly correlated with task performance scores in these areas. Tractography revealed extensive differences along fibers between task-related cortical activations with pronounced differences localized to interhemispheric commissural fibers within the parietal section of the corpus callosum. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal spatial working memory in 22q11DS is associated with aberrant functional activity in conjunction with gray and white matter structural abnormalities. These anomalies in discrete brain regions may increase susceptibility to the development of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4689-4705, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik O'Hanlon
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.,School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sarah Howley
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sarah Prasad
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jane McGrath
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alexander Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Colm McDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hugh Garavan
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Vermont, USA
| | - Kieran C Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bakker G, Caan MWA, Schluter RS, Bloemen OJN, da Silva-Alves F, de Koning MB, Boot E, Vingerhoets WAM, Nieman DH, de Haan L, Booij J, van Amelsvoort TAMJ. Distinct white-matter aberrations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2299-2311. [PMID: 27193339 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a deletion at chromosome 22q11.2 (22q11DS) have 30% lifetime risk of developing a psychosis. People fulfilling clinical criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis have 30% risk of developing a psychosis within 2 years. Both high-risk groups show white-matter (WM) abnormalities in microstructure and volume compared to healthy controls (HC), which have been related to psychotic symptoms. Comparisons of WM pathology between these two groups may specify WM markers related to genetic and clinical risk factors. METHOD Fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD) were assessed using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and WM volume with structural MRI, in 23 UHR patients, 21 22q11DS patients, and 33 HC. RESULTS Compared to UHR patients 22q11DS patients had (1) lower AD and RD in corpus callosum (CC), cortical fasciculi, and anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), (2) higher FA in CC and ATR, and (3) lower occipital and superior temporal gyrus WM volume. Compared to HC, 22q11DS patients had (1) lower AD and RD throughout cortical fasciculi and (2) higher FA in ATR, CC and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Compared to HC, UHR patients had (1) higher mean MD, RD, and AD in CC, ATR and cortical fasciculi, (2) no differences in FA. CONCLUSIONS UHR and 22q11DS patients share a susceptibility for developing psychosis yet were characterized by distinct patterns of WM alterations relative to HC. While UHR patients were typified by signs suggestive of aberrant myelination, 22q11DS subjects showed signs suggestive of lower axonal integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology,University of Maastricht,The Netherlands
| | - M W A Caan
- Department of Radiology,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - R S Schluter
- Department of Radiology,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - O J N Bloemen
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology,University of Maastricht,The Netherlands
| | - F da Silva-Alves
- Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - M B de Koning
- Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - E Boot
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - W A M Vingerhoets
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology,University of Maastricht,The Netherlands
| | - D H Nieman
- Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - L de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - J Booij
- Department of Nuclear Medicine,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Scariati E, Schaer M, Karahanoglu I, Schneider M, Richiardi J, Debbané M, Van De Ville D, Eliez S. Large-scale functional network reorganization in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome revealed by modularity analysis. Cortex 2016; 82:86-99. [PMID: 27371790 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is associated with cognitive impairments and a 41% risk of developing schizophrenia. While several studies performed on patients with 22q11DS showed the presence of abnormal functional connectivity in this syndrome, how these alterations affect large-scale network organization is still unknown. Here we performed a network modularity analysis on whole-brain functional connectomes derived from the resting-state fMRI of 40 patients with 22q11DS and 41 healthy control participants, aged between 9 and 30 years old. We then split the sample at 18 years old to obtain two age subgroups and repeated the modularity analyses. We found alterations of modular communities affecting the visuo-spatial network and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in both age groups. These results corroborate previous structural and functional studies in 22q11DS that showed early impairment of visuo-spatial processing regions. Furthermore, as ACC has been linked to the development of psychotic symptoms in 22q11DS, the early impairment of its functional connectivity provide further support that ACC alterations may provide potential biomarkers for an increased risk of schizophrenia. Finally, we found an abnormal modularity partition of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) only in adults with 22q11DS, suggesting the presence of an abnormal development of functional network communities during adolescence in 22q11DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Scariati
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 8, Switzerland.
| | - Marie Schaer
- Stanford Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Isik Karahanoglu
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 8, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 8, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Richiardi
- Laboratory for Neurology and imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 8, Switzerland; Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva 8, Switzerland; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Biswas AB, Furniss F. Cognitive phenotype and psychiatric disorder in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A review. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 53-54:242-257. [PMID: 26942704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The behavioural phenotype of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome syndrome (22q11DS), one of the most common human multiple anomaly syndromes, frequently includes intellectual disability (ID) together with high risk of diagnosis of psychotic disorders including schizophrenia. Candidate cognitive endophenotypes include problems with retrieval of contextual information from memory and in executive control and focussing of attention. 22q11DS may offer a model of the relationship between ID and risk of psychiatric disorder. This paper reviews research on the relationship between the cognitive phenotype and the development of psychiatric disorders in 22q11DS. Aspects of cognitive function including verbal I.Q., visual memory, and executive function, are associated with mental health outcome in people with 22q11DS. This relationship may result from a common neurobiological basis for the cognitive difficulties and psychiatric disorders. Some of the cognitive difficulties experienced by people with 22q11DS, especially in attention, memory retrieval, and face processing, may, however, in themselves constitute risk factors for development of hallucinations and paranoid delusions. Future research into factors leading to psychiatric disorder in people with 22q11DS should include assessment of social and psychological factors including life events, symptoms associated with trauma, attachment, and self-esteem, which together with cognitive risk factors may mediate mental health outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asit B Biswas
- Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust & University of Leicester* Leicester Frith Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QF, UK.
| | - Frederick Furniss
- The Hesley Group* Doncaster* U.K. & University of Leicester, 104 Regent Road, Leicester LE1 7LT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Scariati E, Padula MC, Schaer M, Eliez S. Long-range dysconnectivity in frontal and midline structures is associated to psychosis in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 123:823-39. [PMID: 27094177 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1548-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients affected by 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) present a characteristic cognitive and psychiatric profile and have a genetic predisposition to develop schizophrenia. Although brain morphological alterations have been shown in the syndrome, they do not entirely account for the complex clinical picture of the patients with 22q11DS and for their high risk of psychotic symptoms. Since Friston proposed the "disconnection hypothesis" in 1998, schizophrenia is commonly considered as a disorder of brain connectivity. In this study, we review existing evidence pointing to altered brain structural and functional connectivity in 22q11DS, with a specific focus on the role of dysconnectivity in the emergence of psychotic symptoms. We show that widespread alterations of structural and functional connectivity have been described in association with 22q11DS. Moreover, alterations involving long-range association tracts as well as midline structures, such as the corpus callosum and the cingulate gyrus, have been associated with psychotic symptoms in this population. These results suggest common mechanisms for schizophrenia in syndromic and non-syndromic populations. Future directions for investigations are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Scariati
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211, Genève 8, Switzerland.
| | - M C Padula
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211, Genève 8, Switzerland.
| | - M Schaer
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211, Genève 8, Switzerland.,Stanford Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211, Genève 8, Switzerland.,Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lewis GJ, Cox SR, Booth T, Muñoz Maniega S, Royle NA, Valdés Hernández M, Wardlaw JM, Bastin ME, Deary IJ. Trait conscientiousness and the personality meta-trait stability are associated with regional white matter microstructure. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2016; 11:1255-61. [PMID: 27013101 PMCID: PMC4967799 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing the neural bases of individual differences in personality has been an enduring topic of interest. However, while a growing literature has sought to characterize grey matter correlates of personality traits, little attention to date has been focused on regional white matter correlates of personality, especially for the personality traits agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. To rectify this gap in knowledge we used a large sample (n > 550) of older adults who provided data on both personality (International Personality Item Pool) and white matter tract-specific fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor MRI. Results indicated that conscientiousness was associated with greater FA in the left uncinate fasciculus (β = 0.17, P < 0.001). We also examined links between FA and the personality meta-trait ‘stability’, which is defined as the common variance underlying agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism/emotional stability. We observed an association between left uncinate fasciculus FA and stability (β = 0.27, P < 0.001), which fully accounted for the link between left uncinate fasciculus FA and conscientiousness. In sum, these results provide novel evidence for links between regional white matter microstructure and key traits of human personality, specifically conscientiousness and the meta-trait, stability. Future research is recommended to replicate and address the causal directions of these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary J Lewis
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Department of Psychology Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK Scottish Imaging Network, a Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tom Booth
- Department of Psychology Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Susana Muñoz Maniega
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK Scottish Imaging Network, a Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK Brain Research Imaging Centre, Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Natalie A Royle
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK Scottish Imaging Network, a Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK Brain Research Imaging Centre, Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Maria Valdés Hernández
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK Scottish Imaging Network, a Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK Brain Research Imaging Centre, Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK Scottish Imaging Network, a Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK Brain Research Imaging Centre, Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK Scottish Imaging Network, a Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Edinburgh, UK Brain Research Imaging Centre, Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Honan CA, McDonald S, Sufani C, Hine DW, Kumfor F. The awareness of social inference test: development of a shortened version for use in adults with acquired brain injury. Clin Neuropsychol 2016; 30:243-64. [DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2015.1136691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
45
|
Váša F, Griffa A, Scariati E, Schaer M, Urben S, Eliez S, Hagmann P. An affected core drives network integration deficits of the structural connectome in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 10:239-49. [PMID: 26870660 PMCID: PMC4711395 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic disease known to lead to cerebral structural alterations, which we study using the framework of the macroscopic white-matter connectome. We create weighted connectomes of 44 patients with 22q11DS and 44 healthy controls using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging, and perform a weighted graph theoretical analysis. After confirming global network integration deficits in 22q11DS (previously identified using binary connectomes), we identify the spatial distribution of regions responsible for global deficits. Next, we further characterize the dysconnectivity of the deficient regions in terms of sub-network properties, and investigate their relevance with respect to clinical profiles. We define the subset of regions with decreased nodal integration (evaluated using the closeness centrality measure) as the affected core (A-core) of the 22q11DS structural connectome. A-core regions are broadly bilaterally symmetric and consist of numerous network hubs — chiefly parietal and frontal cortical, as well as subcortical regions. Using a simulated lesion approach, we demonstrate that these core regions and their connections are particularly important to efficient network communication. Moreover, these regions are generally densely connected, but less so in 22q11DS. These specific disturbances are associated to a rerouting of shortest network paths that circumvent the A-core in 22q11DS, “de-centralizing” the network. Finally, the efficiency and mean connectivity strength of an orbito-frontal/cingulate circuit, included in the affected regions, correlate negatively with the extent of negative symptoms in 22q11DS patients, revealing the clinical relevance of present findings. The identified A-core overlaps numerous regions previously identified as affected in 22q11DS as well as in schizophrenia, which approximately 30–40% of 22q11DS patients develop. Graph theory confirms reduced integration in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). An “affected core” (A-core) of hub regions drives global integration deficits. The A-core is generally densely connected, but less so in 22q11DS. Shortest network paths are rerouted around the A-core in 22q11DS. Connectivity of a subset of A-core regions correlates with negative symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- František Váša
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Griffa
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Scariati
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Schaer
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Stanford Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sébastien Urben
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent (SUPEA), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patric Hagmann
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Padula MC, Schaer M, Scariati E, Schneider M, Van De Ville D, Debbané M, Eliez S. Structural and functional connectivity in the default mode network in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. J Neurodev Disord 2015; 7:23. [PMID: 26236404 PMCID: PMC4522079 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-015-9120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neural endophenotype associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) includes deviant cortical development and alterations in brain connectivity. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings also reported disconnectivity within the default mode network (DMN). In this study, we explored the relationship between functional and structural DMN connectivity and their changes with age in patients with 22q11DS in comparison to control participants. Given previous evidence of an association between DMN disconnectivity and the manifestation of psychotic symptoms, we further investigated this relationship in our group of patients with 22q11DS. METHODS T1-weighted, diffusion, and resting-state fMRI scans were acquired from 41 patients with 22q11DS and 43 control participants aged 6 to 28 years. A data-driven approach based on independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify the DMN and to define regions of interest for the structural and functional connectivity analysis. Prodromal psychotic symptoms were assessed in adolescents and adults using the positive symptom scores of the Structured Interview of Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS). Connectivity measures were compared between groups and correlated with age. Repeating the between-group analysis in three different age bins further assessed the presence of age-related alterations in DMN connectivity. Structural and functional connectivity measures were then correlated with the SIPS scores. RESULTS A simultaneous reduction of functional and structural connectivity between core medial nodes of the DMN was observed. Furthermore, structural connectivity measures significantly increased with age in the control group but not in patients with 22q11DS, suggesting the presence of an age-related alteration of the DMN structural connections. No correlations were found between the DMN disconnectivity and expression of prodromal symptoms in 22q11DS. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the presence of functional and structural DMN disconnectivity in 22q11DS and that patients with 22q11DS fail to develop normal structural connections between medial DMN nodes. This suggests the presence of altered neurodevelopmental trajectories in 22q11DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmela Padula
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211 Genève 8, Switzerland
| | - Marie Schaer
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211 Genève 8, Switzerland ; Stanford Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Elisa Scariati
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211 Genève 8, Switzerland
| | - Maude Schneider
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211 Genève 8, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland ; Medical Image Processing Lab, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211 Genève 8, Switzerland ; Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland ; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, U K
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Rue David-Dufour 1, Case Postale 50, 1211 Genève 8, Switzerland ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Molecular substrates of altered axonal growth and brain connectivity in a mouse model of schizophrenia. Neuron 2015; 86:680-95. [PMID: 25913858 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
22q11.2 deletion carriers show specific cognitive deficits, and ∼30% of them develop schizophrenia. One of the disrupted genes is ZDHHC8, which encodes for a palmitoyltransferase. We show that Zdhhc8-deficient mice have reduced palmitoylation of proteins that regulate axonal growth and branching. Analysis of axonal projections of pyramidal neurons from both Zdhhc8-deficient and Df(16)A(+/-) mice, which model the 22q11.2 deletion, revealed deficits in axonal growth and terminal arborization, which can be prevented by reintroduction of active ZDHHC8 protein. Impaired terminal arborization is accompanied by a reduction in the strength of synaptic connections and altered functional connectivity and working memory. The effect of ZDHHC8 is mediated in part via Cdc42-dependent modulation of Akt/Gsk3β signaling at the tip of the axon and can be reversed by pharmacologically decreasing Gsk3β activity during postnatal brain development. Our findings provide valuable mechanistic insights into the cognitive and psychiatric symptoms associated with a schizophrenia-predisposing mutation.
Collapse
|
48
|
Meechan DW, Maynard TM, Tucker ES, Fernandez A, Karpinski BA, Rothblat LA, LaMantia AS. Modeling a model: Mouse genetics, 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, and disorders of cortical circuit development. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 130:1-28. [PMID: 25866365 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the developmental etiology of autistic spectrum disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia remains a major challenge for establishing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to these common, difficult-to-treat diseases that compromise neural circuits in the cerebral cortex. One aspect of this challenge is the breadth and overlap of ASD, ADHD, and SCZ deficits; another is the complexity of mutations associated with each, and a third is the difficulty of analyzing disrupted development in at-risk or affected human fetuses. The identification of distinct genetic syndromes that include behavioral deficits similar to those in ASD, ADHC and SCZ provides a critical starting point for meeting this challenge. We summarize clinical and behavioral impairments in children and adults with one such genetic syndrome, the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, routinely called 22q11DS, caused by micro-deletions of between 1.5 and 3.0 MB on human chromosome 22. Among many syndromic features, including cardiovascular and craniofacial anomalies, 22q11DS patients have a high incidence of brain structural, functional, and behavioral deficits that reflect cerebral cortical dysfunction and fall within the spectrum that defines ASD, ADHD, and SCZ. We show that developmental pathogenesis underlying this apparent genetic "model" syndrome in patients can be defined and analyzed mechanistically using genomically accurate mouse models of the deletion that causes 22q11DS. We conclude that "modeling a model", in this case 22q11DS as a model for idiopathic ASD, ADHD and SCZ, as well as other behavioral disorders like anxiety frequently seen in 22q11DS patients, in genetically engineered mice provides a foundation for understanding the causes and improving diagnosis and therapy for these disorders of cortical circuit development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Meechan
- Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Thomas M Maynard
- Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Eric S Tucker
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Neuroscience Graduate Program, and Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Alejandra Fernandez
- Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Beverly A Karpinski
- Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Lawrence A Rothblat
- Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Anthony-S LaMantia
- Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|