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Wang L, Hao X, Li X, Li Q, Fang X. Effects of ginsenoside Rh2 on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23768. [PMID: 39015062 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity remains a major adverse reaction of the anticancer drug cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy, which is an important risk factor for chronic renal disease. Ginsenoside Rh2 from Panax ginseng has been shown to protect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo, but its pharmacological effect on renal tubular epithelial cells is not clearly understood. This study examined the molecular mechanisms underlying the nephroprotective effects of Rh2 on CDDP-induced HK-2 cells and acute kidney injury (AKI) mice. As a result of Rh2 treatment, CDDP-induced HK-2 cells showed increased cell viability and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release. Moreover, Rh2 ameliorated CDDP-induced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression to reduce damage. Rh2 inhibited apoptosis and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of HK-2 cells by reducing proteins associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as well as by attenuating tunicamycin-induced ER stress. In addition, treatment of CDDP-induced AKI mice with Rh2 substantially reduced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels, attenuated histological damage of kidney. Further, Rh2 also improved kidney function by inhibiting ER stress to support in vitro findings. These results consistently demonstrated that Rh2 protects renal tubular epithelial cells from CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and apoptosis by restoring ER homeostasis, which might suggest a therapeutic potential and providing new insights into AKI alternative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaogang Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangxin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qingjie Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuexun Fang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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2
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Davis CK, Bathula S, Jeong S, Arruri V, Choi J, Subramanian S, Ostrom CM, Vemuganti R. An antioxidant and anti-ER stress combination therapy elevates phosphorylation of α-Syn at serine 129 and alleviates post-TBI PD-like pathology in a sex-specific manner in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114795. [PMID: 38657855 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD) in later life by >50%. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation are the major drivers of both TBI and PD pathologies. We presently evaluated if curtailing oxidative stress and ER stress concomitantly using a combination of apocynin and tert-butylhydroquinone and salubrinal during the acute stage after TBI in mice reduces the severity of late-onset PD-like pathology. The effect of multiple low doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on post-TBI neurodegeneration was also evaluated. The combo therapy elevated the level of phosphorylation at serine 129 (pS129) of α-Syn in the pericontusional cortex of male mice at 72 h post-TBI. Motor and cognitive deficits induced by TBI lasted at least 3 months and the combo therapy curtailed these deficits in both sexes. At 3 months post-TBI, male mice given combo therapy exhibited significantly lesser α-Syn aggregates in the SN and higher TH+ cells in the SNpc, compared to vehicle control. However, the aggregate number was not significantly different between groups of female mice. Moreover, TBI-induced loss of TH+ cells was negligible in female mice irrespective of treatment. The MPTP treatment aggravated PD-like pathology in male mice but had a negligible effect on the loss of TH+ cells in female mice. Thus, the present study indicates that mitigation of TBI-induced oxidative stress and ER stress at the acute stage could potentially reduce the risk of post-TBI PD-like pathology at least in male mice, plausibly by elevating pS129-α-Syn level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeongwoo Choi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shruti Subramanian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carlie M Ostrom
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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Rashid MMU, Ullah A, Khatun MS, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Triple threat: neutrophil ER stress, NETosis, airway inflammation escalation. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:527-530. [PMID: 38834379 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This report aims to propose the novel term 'neutrophil endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress' (NERS). NERS explores the influence of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and exacerbation of respiratory ailments. This inquiry aims to advance comprehension in neutrophil biology and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mamun Ur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahsan Ullah
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mst Sahida Khatun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk, National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Siddiqui R, Obi Y, Dossabhoy NR, Shafi T. Is There a Role for SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease? Curr Hypertens Rep 2024:10.1007/s11906-024-01314-3. [PMID: 38913113 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-024-01314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are well-established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of mortality in the dialysis population. Conventional therapies, such as statins, blood pressure control, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade, have inadequately addressed this cardiovascular risk, highlighting the unmet need for effective treatment strategies. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated significant renal and cardiovascular benefits among patients with type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or CKD at risk of progression. Unfortunately, efficacy data in dialysis patients is lacking as ESKD was an exclusion criterion for all major clinical trials of SGLT2 inhibitors. This review explores the potential of SGLT2 inhibitors in improving cardiovascular outcomes among patients with ESKD, focusing on their direct cardiac effects. RECENT FINDINGS Recent clinical and preclinical studies have shown promising data for the application of SGLT2 inhibitors to the dialysis population. SGLT2 inhibitors may provide cardiovascular benefits to dialysis patients, not only indirectly by preserving the remaining kidney function and improving anemia but also directly by lowering intracellular sodium and calcium levels, reducing inflammation, regulating autophagy, and alleviating oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress within cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. This review examines the current clinical evidence and experimental data supporting the use of SGLT2 inhibitors, discusses its potential safety concerns, and outlines ongoing clinical trials in the dialysis population. Further research is needed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitor use among patients with ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehma Siddiqui
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yoshitsugu Obi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, USA.
| | - Neville R Dossabhoy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Tariq Shafi
- Division of Kidney Diseases, Hypertension, & Transplantation, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Li J, Rouse SL, Matthews IR, Sherr EH, Chan DK. Modulating the Unfolded Protein Response with ISRIB Mitigates Cisplatin Ototoxicity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.17.562797. [PMID: 37905009 PMCID: PMC10614842 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.562797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapy agent with a nearly universal side effect of sensorineural hearing loss. The cellular mechanisms underlying cisplatin ototoxicity are poorly understood. Efforts in drug development to prevent or reverse cisplatin ototoxicity have largely focused on pathways of oxidative stress and apoptosis. An effective treatment for cisplatin ototoxicity, sodium thiosulfate (STS), while beneficial when used in standard risk hepatoblastoma, is associated with reduced survival in disseminated pediatric malignancies, highlighting the need for more specific drugs without potential tumor protective effects. The unfolded protein response (UPR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss and cochlear synaptopathy in vivo, and these pathways have been implicated broadly in cisplatin cytotoxicity. This study sought to determine whether the UPR can be targeted to prevent cisplatin ototoxicity. Neonatal cochlear cultures and HEK cells were exposed to cisplatin and UPR-modulating drugs, and UPR marker gene expression and cell death measured. Treatment with ISRIB, a drug that activates eif2B and downregulates the pro-apoptotic PERK/CHOP pathway of the UPR, was tested in an in vivo mouse model of cisplatin ototoxicity and well as a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell-based assay of cisplatin cytotoxicity. Cisplatin exhibited a biphasic, non-linear dose-response of cell death and apoptosis that correlated with different patterns of UPR marker gene expression in HEK cells and cochlear cultures. ISRIB treatment protected against cisplatin-induced hearing loss and hair-cell death, but did not impact the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin on HNSCC cell viability, unlike STS. These findings demonstrate that targeting the pro-apoptotic PERK/CHOP pathway with ISRIB can mitigate cisplatin ototoxicity without reducing anti-cancer cell effects, suggesting that this may be a viable strategy for drug development.
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Helgoe J, Davy SK, Weis VM, Rodriguez-Lanetty M. Triggers, cascades, and endpoints: connecting the dots of coral bleaching mechanisms. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:715-752. [PMID: 38217089 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The intracellular coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis is the engine that underpins the success of coral reefs, one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. However, the breakdown of the symbiosis and the loss of the microalgal symbiont (i.e. coral bleaching) due to environmental changes are resulting in the rapid degradation of coral reefs globally. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular physiology of coral bleaching at the mechanistic level to help develop solutions to mitigate the coral reef crisis. Here, at an unprecedented scope, we present novel models that integrate putative mechanisms of coral bleaching within a common framework according to the triggers (initiators of bleaching, e.g. heat, cold, light stress, hypoxia, hyposalinity), cascades (cellular pathways, e.g. photoinhibition, unfolded protein response, nitric oxide), and endpoints (mechanisms of symbiont loss, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis, exocytosis/vomocytosis). The models are supported by direct evidence from cnidarian systems, and indirectly through comparative evolutionary analyses from non-cnidarian systems. With this approach, new putative mechanisms have been established within and between cascades initiated by different bleaching triggers. In particular, the models provide new insights into the poorly understood connections between bleaching cascades and endpoints and highlight the role of a new mechanism of symbiont loss, i.e. 'symbiolysosomal digestion', which is different from symbiophagy. This review also increases the approachability of bleaching physiology for specialists and non-specialists by mapping the vast landscape of bleaching mechanisms in an atlas of comprehensible and detailed mechanistic models. We then discuss major knowledge gaps and how future research may improve the understanding of the connections between the diverse cascade of cellular pathways and the mechanisms of symbiont loss (endpoints).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Helgoe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Simon K Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Virginia M Weis
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, 2701 SW Campus Way, 2403 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL, USA
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Sekerková G, Kilic S, Cheng YH, Fredrick N, Osmani A, Kim H, Opal P, Martina M. Phenotypical, genotypical and pathological characterization of the moonwalker mouse, a model of ataxia. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 195:106492. [PMID: 38575093 PMCID: PMC11089908 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We performed a comprehensive study of the morphological, functional, and genetic features of moonwalker (MWK) mice, a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia caused by a gain of function of the TRPC3 channel. These mice show numerous behavioral symptoms including tremor, altered gait, circling behavior, impaired motor coordination, impaired motor learning and decreased limb strength. Cerebellar pathology is characterized by early and almost complete loss of unipolar brush cells as well as slowly progressive, moderate loss of Purkinje cell (PCs). Structural damage also includes loss of synaptic contacts from parallel fibers, swollen ER structures, and degenerating axons. Interestingly, no obvious correlation was observed between PC loss and severity of the symptoms, as the phenotype stabilizes around 2 months of age, while the cerebellar pathology is progressive. This is probably due to the fact that PC function is severely impaired much earlier than the appearance of PC loss. Indeed, PC firing is already impaired in 3 weeks old mice. An interesting feature of the MWK pathology that still remains to be explained consists in a strong lobule selectivity of the PC loss, which is puzzling considering that TRPC is expressed in every PC. Intriguingly, genetic analysis of MWK cerebella shows, among other alterations, changes in the expression of both apoptosis inducing and resistance factors possibly suggesting that damaged PCs initiate specific cellular pathways that protect them from overt cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Sekerková
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Sumeyra Kilic
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yen-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Natalie Fredrick
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Anne Osmani
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Haram Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Puneet Opal
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Marco Martina
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 300 E. Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Gundu C, Arruri VK, Sherkhane B, Khatri DK, Singh SB. Indole-3-propionic acid attenuates high glucose induced ER stress response and augments mitochondrial function by modulating PERK-IRE1-ATF4-CHOP signalling in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:243-256. [PMID: 35015592 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.2024577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in rats and in high glucose (HG) induced neurotoxicity in neuro2a (N2A) cells. METHODS Diabetes was induced in male SD rats STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.) and IPA (10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered for two weeks, starting from sixth week after diabetes induction. Neurobehavioral, functional assessments were made, and various molecular studies were performed to evaluate the effect of IPA on HG induced ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in sciatic nerves, DRGs and in N2A cells. RESULTS Diabetic rats and high glucose exposed N2A cells showed marked increase in oxidative damage accompanied by ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction along with increased apoptotic markers. IPA treatment for two weeks markedly alleviated these changes and attenuated pain behaviour. CONCLUSION IPA exhibited neuroprotective activity against hyperglycaemic insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanika Gundu
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Arruri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bhoomika Sherkhane
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, India
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Vidicevic S, Tasic J, Stanojevic Z, Ciric D, Martinovic T, Paunovic V, Petricevic S, Tomonjic N, Isakovic A, Trajkovic V. Endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immune cells contributes to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathogenesis in rats. Immunol Lett 2024; 267:106855. [PMID: 38537720 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
We examined the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the ensuing unfolded protein response (UPR) in the development of the central nervous system (CNS)-directed immune response in the rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The induction of EAE with syngeneic spinal cord homogenate in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) caused a time-dependent increase in the expression of ER stress/UPR markers glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) in the draining lymph nodes of both EAE-susceptible Dark Agouti (DA) and EAE-resistant Albino Oxford (AO) rats. However, the increase in ER stress markers was more pronounced in AO rats. CFA alone also induced ER stress, but the effect was weaker and less sustained compared to full immunization. The ultrastructural analysis of DA lymph node tissue by electron microscopy revealed ER dilatation in lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells, while immunoblot analysis of CD3-sorted lymph node cells demonstrated the increase in ER stress/UPR markers in both CD3+ (T cell) and CD3- (non-T) cell compartments. A positive correlation was observed between the levels of ER stress/UPR markers in the CNS-infiltrated mononuclear cells and the clinical activity of the disease. Finally, the reduction of EAE clinical signs by ER stress inhibitor ursodeoxycholic acid was associated with the decrease in the expression of mRNA encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-1β, and encephalitogenic T cell cytokines IFN-γ and IL-17. Collectively, our data indicate that ER stress response in immune cells might be an important pathogenetic factor and a valid therapeutic target in the inflammatory damage of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasenka Vidicevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Tasic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljka Stanojevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Darko Ciric
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Martinovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Paunovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sasa Petricevic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nina Tomonjic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Isakovic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Mangla A, Goswami P, Sharma B, Suramya S, Jindal G, Javed M, Saifi MA, Parvez S, Nag TC, Raisuddin S. Obesity aggravates neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative effects of bisphenol A in female rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38699799 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2349538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a common plasticizer, is categorized as a neurotoxic compound. Its impact on individuals exhibits sex-linked variations. Several biological and environmental factors impact the degree of toxicity. Moreover, nutritional factors have profound influence on toxicity outcome. BPA has been demonstrated to be an obesogen. However, research on the potential role of obesity as a confounding factor in BPA toxicity is lacking. We studied the neurodegenerative effects in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese female rats after exposure to BPA (10 mg/L via drinking water for 90 days). Four groups were taken in this study - Control, HFD, HFD + BPA and BPA. Cognitive function was evaluated through novel object recognition (NOR) test. Inflammatory changes in brain, and changes in hormonal level, lipid profile, glucose tolerance, oxidative stress, and antioxidants were also determined. HFD + BPA group rats showed a significant decline in memory function in NOR test. The cerebral cortex (CC) of the brain showed increased neurodegenerative changes as measured by microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2) accompanied by histopathological confirmation. The increased level of neuroinflammation was demonstrated by microglial activation (Iba-1) and protein expression of nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-КB) in the brain. Obesity also caused significant (p < 0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation accompanied by reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and decrease in reduced-glutathione (p < 0.05) when compared to non-obese rats with BPA treatment. Overall, study revealed that obesity serves as a risk factor in the toxicity of BPA which may exacerbate the progression of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mangla
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Goswami
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Bhaskar Sharma
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Suramya Suramya
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Jindal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mehjbeen Javed
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Anas Saifi
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Kong P, Ahmad RE, Zulkifli A, Krishnan S, Nam HY, Kamarul T. The role of autophagy in mitigating osteoarthritis progression via regulation of chondrocyte apoptosis: A review. Joint Bone Spine 2024; 91:105642. [PMID: 37739213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2023.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic joint disease with an immense socioeconomic burden; however, no treatment has achieved complete success in effectively halting or reversing cartilage degradation, which is the central pathophysiological feature of OA. Chondrocytes loss or dysfunction is a significant contributing factor to the progressive cartilage deterioration as these sole resident cells have a crucial role to produce extracellular matrix proteins, thus maintaining cartilage structure and homeostasis. It has been previously suggested that death of chondrocytes occurring through apoptosis substantially contributes to cartilage degeneration. Although the occurrence of apoptosis in osteoarthritic cartilage and its correlation with cartilage degradation is evident, the causes of chondrocyte apoptosis leading to matrix loss are still not well-understood. Autophagy, an intracellular degradative mechanism that eliminates dysfunctional cytoplasmic components to aid cell survival in unfavourable conditions, is a potential therapeutic target to inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis and reduce OA severity. Despite accumulating evidence indicating significant cytoprotective effects of autophagy against chondrocyte apoptosis, the mechanistic link between autophagy and apoptosis in chondrocytes remains to be further explored. In this review, we summarize the relevant mechanistic events that perpetuate chondrocyte apoptosis and highlight the prominent role of autophagy in modulating these events to mitigate OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Kong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tissue Engineering Group, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Raja Elina Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Amirah Zulkifli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tissue Engineering Group, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shaliny Krishnan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tissue Engineering Group, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Yin Nam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tissue Engineering Group, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tissue Engineering Group, National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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12
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Correia da Silva D, Valentão P, Pereira DM. Naturally occurring small molecules with dual effect upon inflammatory signaling pathways and endoplasmic reticulum stress response. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:421-437. [PMID: 38502466 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is determinant to maintain cellular proteostasis. Upon unresolved ER stress, this organelle activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). Sustained UPR activates is known to occur in inflammatory processes, deeming the ER a potential molecular target for the treatment of inflammation. This work characterizes the inflammatory/UPR-related molecular machinery modulated by an in-house library of natural products, aiming to pave the way for the development of new selective drugs that act upon the ER to counter inflammation-related chronic diseases. Starting from a library of 134 compounds of natural occurrence, mostly occurring in medicinal plants, nontoxic molecules were screened for their inhibitory capacity against LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation in a luciferase-based reporter gene assay. Since several natural products inhibited NF-κB expression in THP-1 macrophages, their effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammasome activation was assessed, as well as their transcriptional outcome regarding ER stress. The bioactivities of several natural products are described herein for the first time. We report the anti-inflammatory potential of guaiazulene and describe 5-deoxykaempferol as a novel inhibitor of inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we describe the dual potential of 5-deoxykaempferol, berberine, guaiazulene, luteolin-4'-O-glucoside, myricetin, quercetagetin and sennoside B to modulate inflammatory signaling ER stress. Our results show that natural products are promising molecules for the discovery and pharmaceutical development of chemical entities able to modulate the inflammatory response, as well as proteostasis and the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Correia da Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal
| | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, Nº 228, 4050-213, Porto, Portugal.
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13
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Gélinas R, Lévesque C, Thompson Legault J, Rivard ME, Villeneuve L, Laprise C, Rioux JD. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived cells reflect tissue specificity found in patients with Leigh syndrome French Canadian variant (LSFC). Front Genet 2024; 15:1375467. [PMID: 38706791 PMCID: PMC11066297 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1375467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Leigh syndrome French Canadian type (LSFC) is a recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by tissue-specific deficiency in cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the fourth complex in the oxidative phosphorylation system. LSFC is caused by mutations in the leucine rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing gene (LRPPRC). Most LSFC patients in Quebec are homozygous for an A354V substitution that causes a decrease in the expression of the LRPPRC protein. While LRPPRC is ubiquitously expressed and is involved in multiple cellular functions, tissue-specific expression of LRPPRC and COX activity is correlated with clinical features. In this proof-of-principle study, we developed human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based models from fibroblasts taken from a patient with LSFC, homozygous for the LRPPRC*354V allele, and from a control, homozygous for the LRPPRC*A354 allele. Specifically, for both of these fibroblast lines we generated hiPSC, hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and hepatocyte-like cell (hiPSC-HLCs) lines, as well as the three germ layers. We observed that LRPPRC protein expression is reduced in all cell lines/layers derived from LSFC patient compared to control cells, with a reduction ranging from ∼70% in hiPSC-CMs to undetectable levels in hiPSC-HLC, reflecting tissue heterogeneity observed in patient tissues. We next performed exploratory analyses of these cell lines and observed that COX protein expression was reduced in all cell lines derived from LSFC patient compared to control cells. We also observed that mutant LRPPRC was associated with altered expression of key markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress response in hiPSC-HLCs but not in other cell types that were tested. While this demonstrates feasibility of the approach to experimentally study genotype-based differences that have tissue-specific impacts, this study will need to be extended to a larger number of patients and controls to not only validate the current observations but also to delve more deeply in the pathogenic mechanisms of LSFC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John D. Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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14
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Wu Y, Zhang P, Shi T, Cao D, Pan W. Deficiency of immunoglobulin IgSF6 enhances antibacterial effects by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress and the inflammatory response in intestinal macrophages. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:288-302. [PMID: 38387824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) members are known for their role as glycoproteins expressed on the surface of immune cells, enabling protein-protein interactions to sense external signals during immune responses. However, the functions of immunoglobulins localized within subcellular compartments have been less explored. In this study, we identified an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized immunoglobulin, IgSF member 6 (IgSF6), that regulates ER stress and the inflammatory response in intestinal macrophages. Igsf6 expression is sustained by microbiota and significantly upregulated upon bacterial infection. Mice lacking Igsf6 displayed resistance to Salmonella typhimurium challenge but increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Mechanistically, deficiency of Igsf6 enhanced inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/-X-box binding protein 1 pathway, inflammatory response, and reactive oxygen species production leading to increased bactericidal activity of intestinal macrophages. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species or inositol-requiring enzyme 1α-X-box binding protein 1 pathway reduced the advantage of Igsf6 deficiency in bactericidal capacity. Together, our findings provide insight into the role of IgSF6 in intestinal macrophages that modulate the ER stress response and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Panrui Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tianlu Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Wen Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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15
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Cao J, Wen Z, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Chen Y, Xing G, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Liu X, Hou S. Effects of DHAV-3 infection on innate immunity, antioxidant capacity, and lipid metabolism in ducks with different DHAV-3 susceptibilities. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103374. [PMID: 38295495 PMCID: PMC10844866 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the status of innate immunity, oxidative status and lipid accumulation in ducklings exhibiting varying susceptibilities to DHAV-3 infection. In the experiment, ducklings with different DHAV-3 susceptibilities were used. Samples were collected at 6, 12, 15, and 24 h post infection (hpi), with 5 samples per time point. Plasma biochemistry, antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid content of liver and kidney were detected in the experiment. Elevated plasma level of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and creatinine indicated the injury of liver and kidney in susceptible ducklings (P < 0.05). The histopathological sections showed the injury in kidney. During the infection time, there was an increase in the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage markers (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide) in plasma of susceptible ducklings, particularly at 24 hpi (P < 0.05). Compared with the resistant ducklings, DHAV-3 infection resulted in a significant increase in the plasma total triglyceride (TG) level and a decrease in glucose level in susceptible ducklings. Gene expression of the innate immune response was both investigated in liver and kidney. In resistant ducklings, the expressions levels of pattern recognition receptors RIG-I, MDA5 remained constant. In contrast, the gene expressions peaked at 24 hpi in the susceptible ducklings. DHAV-3 infection promoted the expression of IFN, IL6, IL12β, caspase-8 or caspase-9 in both liver and kidney of susceptible ducklings. In conclusion, DHAV-3 infection led to the mobilization of antioxidant defenses, alterations in lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress in susceptible ducklings during DHAV-3 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhiguo Wen
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunsheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangnan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongbao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhengkui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shuisheng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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16
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Buonocore F, Balys M, Anderson G, Achermann JC. Investigating ultrastructural morphology in MIRAGE syndrome-derived fibroblasts using transmission electron microscopy. F1000Res 2024; 12:155. [PMID: 38434662 PMCID: PMC10904937 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129559.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Heterozygous de novo variants in the gene SAMD9 cause the complex multisystem disorder, MIRAGE syndrome. Patients are characterised by myelodysplasia, infections, growth restriction, adrenal insufficiency, gonadal dysfunction and enteropathies. Pathogenic variants in SAMD9 are gain-of-function and enhance its role as a growth repressor, leading to growth restriction of many tissues. Two studies have reported changes in skin fibroblasts derived from MIRAGE patients, more specifically identifying enlarged endosomes. We have also previously shown subtle changes in endosome size in patients' fibroblasts compared to controls. However, these variations in endosomes were not as marked as those described in the literature. Methods We have performed an observational study using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in a larger number of cells derived from three patients' fibroblasts to assess ultrastructure morphology compared to control images. Results Consistent changes were observed in cell organelles in all patient samples. In particular, increased endosomal activity was detected, characterised by augmented pinocytosis and vesicle budding, increased endosome number, as well as by large lysosomes and endosomes. Endoplasmic reticulum was also prominent. Mitochondria appeared enlarged in selected cells, possibly due to cellular stress. Cell nuclei did not display major differences compared to controls. Conclusions TEM is a powerful tool to investigate morphological features of tissues and cell organelles, although TEM data could be affected by sample preparation methodology, therefore potentially explaining the variability between independent studies, and its analysis can be dependent on the experience of the researcher. The increased endosomal activity we have observed in patients' fibroblasts could indicate that SAMD9 regulates endocytosis of receptors, acting as an endosome fusion facilitator, or in lysosomal activation. However, the precise mechanism(s) by which SAMD9 regulates cell growth is still not fully understood, and further studies are needed to elucidate its pathogenic pathway and develop therapeutic approaches to support patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Buonocore
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Monika Balys
- Histopathology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Glenn Anderson
- Histopathology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John C. Achermann
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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17
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Mao H, Kim GH, Qi L. SEL1L-HRD1 ER-associated degradation regulates leptin receptor maturation and signaling in POMC neurons in diet-induced obesity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3768472. [PMID: 38260335 PMCID: PMC10802724 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3768472/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis in the hypothalamus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain patho-physiological conditions such as diet-induced obesity (DIO) and type 2 diabetes; however, the significance of ER quality control mechanism(s) and its underlying mechanism remain largely unclear and highly controversial in some cases. Moreover, how the biogenesis of nascent leptin receptor in the ER is regulated remains largely unexplored. Here we report that the SEL1L-HRD1 protein complex of the highly conserved ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) machinery in POMC neurons is indispensable for leptin signaling in diet-induced obesity. SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD is constitutively expressed in hypothalamic POMC neurons. Loss of SEL1L in POMC neurons attenuates leptin signaling and predisposes mice to HFD-associated pathologies including leptin resistance. Mechanistically, newly synthesized leptin receptors, both wildtype and disease-associated human mutant Cys604Ser (Cys602Ser in mice), are misfolding prone and bona fide substrates of SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD. Indeed, defects in SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD markedly impair the maturation of these receptors and causes their ER retention. This study not only uncovers a new role of SEL1L-HRD1 ERAD in the pathogenesis of diet-induced obesity and central leptin resistance, but a new regulatory mechanism for leptin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hancheng Mao
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Geun Hyang Kim
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Present address: Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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18
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Vörösházi J, Mackei M, Sebők C, Tráj P, Márton RA, Horváth DG, Huber K, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Investigation of the effects of T-2 toxin in chicken-derived three-dimensional hepatic cell cultures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1195. [PMID: 38216675 PMCID: PMC10786837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite being one of the most common contaminants of poultry feed, the molecular effects of T-2 toxin on the liver of the exposed animals are still not fully elucidated. To gain more accurate understanding, the effects of T-2 toxin were investigated in the present study in chicken-derived three-dimensional (3D) primary hepatic cell cultures. 3D spheroids were treated with three concentrations (100, 500, 1000 nM) of T-2 toxin for 24 h. Cellular metabolic activity declined in all treated groups as reflected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, while extracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity was increased after 500 nM T-2 toxin exposure. The levels of oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl were reduced by the toxin, suggesting effective antioxidant compensatory mechanisms of the liver. Concerning the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 concentration was decreased, while IL-8 concentration was increased by 100 nM T-2 toxin exposure, indicating the multifaceted immunomodulatory action of the toxin. Further, the metabolic profile of hepatic spheroids was also modulated, confirming the altered lipid and amino acid metabolism of toxin-exposed liver cells. Based on these results, T-2 toxin affected cell viability, hepatocellular metabolism and inflammatory response, likely carried out its toxic effects by affecting the oxidative homeostasis of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary.
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Dávid Géza Horváth
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Korinna Huber
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, 1078, Hungary
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19
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Song C, Wang Z, Cao J, Dong Y, Chen Y. Hesperetin protects hippocampal neurons from the neurotoxicity of Aflatoxin B1 in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115782. [PMID: 38056121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a major food and feed pollutant that endangers public health. Previous studies have shown that exposure to AFB1 causes neurotoxicity in the body. However, the mechanism of neurotoxicity caused by AFB1 is not well understood, and finding a workable and practical method to safeguard animals from AFB1 toxicity is essential. This study confirmed that AFB1 caused endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons using C57BL/6 J mice and HT22 cells as models. In vitro experiments showed that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays a significant role in the cytotoxicity of AFB1. Finally, we assessed how hesperetin protecting against the neurotoxicity caused by AFB1. Our findings demonstrated that AFB1 increased the levels of BAX and Cleaved-Caspase3 proteins, while decreasing the levels of BCL2 protein in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. The AFB1 increased the expression of AHR and activated nuclear translocation. It also elevated the expression levels of Chop, GRP78, p-IRE1/ Xbp1s, and p-PERK/p-EIF2a. Importantly, we also discovered for the first time that blocking AHR in HT22 cells dramatically reduced the level of ER stress and apoptosis caused by AFB1. In vivo and in vitro studies, supplementation of hesperetin effectively reversed AFB1-induced cytotoxicity. We have demonstrated that hesperetin effectively restored the imbalance in the GSH/GST system in HT22 cells treated with AFB1. Furthermore, we observed that elevated GSH levels facilitated the formation of AFB1-GSH complexes, which enhanced the excretion of AFB1. Therefore, hesperetin improves ER stress-induced apoptosis by reducing AFB1 activation of AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yulan Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, China.
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Zaretsky TG, Jagodnik KM, Barsic R, Antonio JH, Bonanno PA, MacLeod C, Pierce C, Carney H, Morrison MT, Saylor C, Danias G, Lepow L, Yehuda R. The Psychedelic Future of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:636-735. [PMID: 38284341 PMCID: PMC10845102 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231027111147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can occur following exposure to a traumatic experience. An estimated 12 million U.S. adults are presently affected by this disorder. Current treatments include psychological therapies (e.g., exposure-based interventions) and pharmacological treatments (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)). However, a significant proportion of patients receiving standard-of-care therapies for PTSD remain symptomatic, and new approaches for this and other trauma-related mental health conditions are greatly needed. Psychedelic compounds that alter cognition, perception, and mood are currently being examined for their efficacy in treating PTSD despite their current status as Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)- scheduled substances. Initial clinical trials have demonstrated the potential value of psychedelicassisted therapy to treat PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the state of the science of PTSD clinical care, including current treatments and their shortcomings. We review clinical studies of psychedelic interventions to treat PTSD, trauma-related disorders, and common comorbidities. The classic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and DMT-containing ayahuasca, as well as the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, are reviewed. For each drug, we present the history of use, psychological and somatic effects, pharmacology, and safety profile. The rationale and proposed mechanisms for use in treating PTSD and traumarelated disorders are discussed. This review concludes with an in-depth consideration of future directions for the psychiatric applications of psychedelics to maximize therapeutic benefit and minimize risk in individuals and communities impacted by trauma-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Glatman Zaretsky
- James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Jagodnik
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Barsic
- James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josimar Hernandez Antonio
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip A. Bonanno
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carolyn MacLeod
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charlotte Pierce
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hunter Carney
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Morgan T. Morrison
- James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles Saylor
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Danias
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Lepow
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Redouane-Salah A, Souad A, Kerkatou W, Wojnicki K, Ramos AM, Ortiz A, Kaminska B, Menad A. Renoprotective effect of Limonium duriusculum (de Girard) Kuntze via modulation of oxidative stress/ UPR markers and inflammation during cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:1023-1032. [PMID: 38911250 PMCID: PMC11193500 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.77052.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the potency of the renoprotective effect of the EtOAc fraction of Limonium duriusculum (EALD) (Plumbaginaceae) against cyclosporine A (CsA), in comparison to vitamin E (Vit. E). Materials and Methods In the in-vivo experiment, a model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity was established by dosing male Wistar rats with 25 mg/kg, for 14 days. The protective effect of EALD was investigated through pretreatment of rats with a dose of 200 mg/kg for 14 days, compared to the oral administration of Vit. E at 100 mg/kg. Renal function and markers of oxidative stress were then assessed. Furthermore, a complementary in-vitro study was carried out to evaluate CsA-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and inflammation on cell culture (3T3 cells and MCT cells) using western blot and quantitative RT-PCR.. Results Pretreatment of rats with EALD significantly attenuated the elevated levels of renal dysfunction markers (BUN, creatinine) and suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA) levels; It also significantly regulated the changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxydase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels as compared to Vit. E, demonstrating a more effective recovery in renal tissues. Treatment of cells with CsA was linked to the expression of ERS and inflammatory markers activating transcription factor (ATF4), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1). In contrast, pretreatment of cells with EALD resulted in a significant decrease in both ERS and inflammatory markers. Conclusion These findings indicate the renoprotective potential of L. duriusculum, as it demonstrated the ability to ameliorate CsA-induced renal dysfunction through its distinctive antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzedine Redouane-Salah
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Ameddah Souad
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algérie
| | - Wafa Kerkatou
- Unité de Recherche, Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL), Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25 000 Constantine, Algérie
| | - Kamil Wojnicki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian M. Ramos
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmed Menad
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route Aïn El Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algérie
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22
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Liao Y, Meng Q. Protection against cancer therapy-induced cardiovascular injury by planed-derived polyphenols and nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:116896. [PMID: 37586453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapy-induced heart injury is a significant concern for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and also targeted molecular therapy. The use of these treatments can lead to oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte damage in the heart, which can result in heart failure and other cardiac complications. Experimental studies have revealed that chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide can cause severe side effects such as cardiac fibrosis, electrophysiological remodeling, chronic oxidative stress and inflammation, etc., which may increase risk of cardiac disorders and attacks for patients that underwent chemotherapy. Similar consequences may also be observed for patients that undergo radiotherapy for left breast or lung malignancies. Polyphenols, a group of natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have shown the potential in protecting against cancer therapy-induced heart injury. These compounds have been found to reduce oxidative stress, necrosis and apoptosis in the heart, thereby preserving cardiac function. In recent years, nanoparticles loaded with polyphenols have also provided for the delivery of these compounds and increasing their efficacy in different organs. These nanoparticles can improve the bioavailability and efficacy of polyphenols while minimizing their toxicity. This review article summarizes the current understanding of the protective effects of polyphenols and nanoparticles loaded with polyphenols against cancer therapy-induced heart injury. The article discusses the mechanisms by which polyphenols protect the heart, including antioxidant and anti-inflammation abilities. The article also highlights the potential benefits of using nanoparticles for the delivery of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Liao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to the Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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23
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Zhao S, Hu Q, Jiang H, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Feng C, Li X. Multi-omics analysis of oxidative stress and apoptosis in hepatopancreas cells induced by Polyascus gregaria parasitizing the Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109180. [PMID: 37863124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyascus gregaria, a parasitic barnacle, poses a significant threat to Eriocheir sinensis farms by inhibiting crab growth. However, the molecular and pathological mechanisms behind P. gregaria infection in the hepatopancreas of E. sinensis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact and underlying mechanisms of P. gregaria infection on E. sinensis through analyzing the infected hepatopancreatic tissues by tandem mass tag technology and RNA-Seq high-throughput sequencing. Among the identified 10,693 differentially expressed genes, 294 genes were significantly altered following P. gregaria infection, including 92 upregulated and 202 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses further revealed the involvement of these genes in oxidative decomposition, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and hepatopancreas metabolism. Meanwhile, the identified 253 differentially expressed proteins, including 143 upregulated and 110 downregulated proteins, are mainly related to cellular and metabolic processes, catalytic activity, and cell components. The pathway analysis indicated their enrichment in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, endoplasmic reticulum protein processing, and actin cytoskeleton regulation. The involvement of these differentially expressed genes and proteins in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors pathway during host immune responses against P. gregaria infection has been highlighted. Furthermore, pathological examinations and biochemical indicators jointly demonstrated the hepatopancreatic damage and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the infected E. sinensis. Collectively, our study provides crucial insights into the mechanisms underlying the E. sinensis-P. gregaria interactions, and may contribute to the development of novel strategies for parasite control and reducing economic losses in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Qingbiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Linong Testing (Binzhou) Co., Ltd., Binzhou Bohai Advanced Technology Research Institute, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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24
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Pan Y, Cai W, Cheng A, Wang M, Huang J, Chen S, Yang Q, Wu Y, Sun D, Mao S, Zhu D, Liu M, Zhao X, Zhang S, Gao Q, Ou X, Tian B, Yin Z, Jia R. Duck Tembusu virus NS3 protein induces apoptosis by activating the PERK/PKR pathway and mitochondrial pathway. J Virol 2023; 97:e0149723. [PMID: 37877719 PMCID: PMC10688375 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01497-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus that replicates well in mosquito, bird, and mammalian cells. An in vivo study revealed that BALB/c mice and Kunming mice were susceptible to DTMUV after intracerebral inoculation. Moreover, there are no reports about DTMUV-related human disease, but antibodies against DTMUV and viral RNA were detected in the serum samples of duck industry workers. This information implies that DTMUV has expanded its host range and poses a threat to mammalian health. Thus, understanding the pathogenic mechanism of DTMUV is crucial for identifying potential antiviral targets. In this study, we discovered that NS3 can induce the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway through the PERK/PKR pathway; it can also interact with voltage-dependent anion channel 2 to induce apoptosis. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of DTMUV infection and identifying potential antiviral targets and may also serve as a reference for exploring the pathogenesis of other flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Pan
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Cai
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Di Sun
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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25
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Su Y, Sun T, Gao J, Zhang C, Liu X, Bi C, Wang J, Shan A. Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16409. [PMID: 38003599 PMCID: PMC10670956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With a wide range of hosts, environmental adaptation, and antibiotic resistance, Salmonella typhimurium is one of the most common causes of food poisoning in the world. Infection with Salmonella typhimurium not only results in intestinal inflammation but also damages the intestinal barrier and interferes with the host's ability to absorb nutrients. It is imperative to find alternatives to antibiotics for eradicating bacteria, reducing intestinal damage, and reestablishing nutrient absorption, especially given that antibiotics are currently prohibited. This research aims to understand the protective role of anti-proteolytic peptide R7I on the gut in the setting of Salmonella typhimurium infection and its impact on nutritional absorption, maybe offering an alternative to antibiotics for bacterial killing. The findings demonstrated that R7I reduced the production of inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF-α, and L-1β in the jejunum and decreased the expression of genes like TLR4 and NF-κB in the jejunum (p < 0.05). R7I enhanced antioxidant capacity and preserved the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance in the jejunum (p < 0.05). R7I also normalized intestinal shape and restored tight junction protein expression. Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) and fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) expression in the jejunum was restored by R7I. In addition, serum-free fatty acids and lipid metabolites were significantly higher in the R7I group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Overall, the anti-enzyme peptide R7I maintained the healthy state of the intestine and alleviated the abnormal fatty acid absorption caused by bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiajun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (J.G.); (C.Z.); (X.L.); (C.B.)
| | - Anshan Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.S.); (T.S.); (J.G.); (C.Z.); (X.L.); (C.B.)
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26
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Chou W, Sun T, Peng N, Wang Z, Chen D, Qiu H, Zhao H. Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Anti-Tumor Immunity: Influence Factors and Synergistic Enhancement Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2617. [PMID: 38004595 PMCID: PMC10675361 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an approved therapeutic procedure that exerts cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells by activating photosensitizers (PSs) with light exposure to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to traditional treatment strategies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, PDT not only kills the primary tumors, but also effectively suppresses metastatic tumors by activating the immune response. However, the anti-tumor immune effects induced by PDT are influenced by several factors, including the localization of PSs in cells, PSs concentration, fluence rate of light, oxygen concentration, and the integrity of immune function. In this review, we systematically summarize the influence factors of anti-tumor immune effects mediated by PDT. Furthermore, an update on the combination of PDT and other immunotherapy strategies are provided. Finally, the future directions and challenges of anti-tumor immunity induced by PDT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Chou
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (W.C.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Tianzhen Sun
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (W.C.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Nian Peng
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (W.C.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Department of Laser Medicine, the First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;
| | - Defu Chen
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (W.C.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Haixia Qiu
- Department of Laser Medicine, the First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China;
| | - Hongyou Zhao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (W.C.); (T.S.); (N.P.); (D.C.)
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27
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Zhang TX, Li MR, Liu C, Wang SP, Yan ZG. A review of the toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates in aquatic environments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122374. [PMID: 37634564 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic invertebrates are the organisms most susceptible to ammonia toxicity. However, the toxic effects of ammonia on invertebrates are still poorly understood. This study reviews the research progress in ammonia toxicology for the period from 1986 to 2023, focusing on the effects on invertebrates. Through examining the toxic effects of ammonia at different levels of organization (community, individual, tissue and physiology, and molecular) as well as the results from omics studies, we determined that the most significant effects were on the reproductive capacity of invertebrates and the growth of offspring, although different populations show variation in their tolerance to ammonia, and tissues have varied potential to respond to ammonia stress. A multicomponent analysis is an in-depth technique employed in toxicological studies, as it can be used to explore the enrichment pathways and functional genes expressed under ammonia stress. This study comprehensively discusses ammonia toxicity from multiple aspects in order to provide new insights into the toxic effects of ammonia on aquatic invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ming-Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhen-Guang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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28
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Xie Q, Gao S, Li Y, Xi W, Dong Z, Li Z, Lei M. Effects of 3021 meal replacement powder protect NAFLD via suppressing the ERS, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16154. [PMID: 37868068 PMCID: PMC10586295 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the specific protective mechanism of 3021 meal replacement powder (MRP) against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and Methods C57BL/6J male mice were divided into four groups: control group, 3021 MRP group, model group and test group. The lipid accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related proteins in hepatocytes of mice were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, oil red O staining and Western blotting. Results The expressions of GRP78, GRP94, p-PERK and p-IRE1α were significantly inhibited in test group compared with those in model group. The protein expressions of p-NF-κB, p-JNK, IL-1β, IL-18 and NOX4 in test group were also significantly lower than those in model group. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that the body weight and lipid droplet content, and the expressions of ERS-related proteins (including BIP and XBP-1) in liver tissues all significantly declined in model group compared with those in 3021 MRP group. Conclusion In conclusion, 3021 MRP can greatly reduce lipid accumulation by inhibiting ERS, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xie
- The Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuqing Gao
- The Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanjudi Li
- Shenzhen Anxintang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weifang Xi
- Xinchen Biotechnology (Guandong) Company Limited, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhiyun Dong
- Shenzhen Anxintang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zengning Li
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Lei
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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29
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Hasan M, Al-Thani H, El-Menyar A, Zeidan A, Al-Thani A, Yalcin HC. Disturbed hemodynamics and oxidative stress interaction in endothelial dysfunction and AAA progression: Focus on Nrf2 pathway. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131238. [PMID: 37536420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress is one of the major factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), through its modulatory effect on the endothelial cell's redox homeostasis and mechanosensitive gene expression. Among important mechanisms, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress activation, and the subsequent endothelial dysfunction are attributed to disturbed blood flow and low shear stress in the vascular curvature and bifurcations which are considered atheroprone regions and aneurysm occurrence spots. Many pathways were shown to be involved in AAA progression. Of particular interest from recent findings is, the (Nrf2)/Keap-1 pathway, where Nrf2 is a transcription factor that has antioxidant properties and is strongly associated with several CVDs, yet, the exact mechanism by which Nrf2 alleviates CVDs still to be elucidated. Nrf2 expression is closely affected by shear stress and was shown to participate in AAA. In the current review paper, we discussed the link between disturbed hemodynamics and its effect on Nrf2 as a mechanosensitive gene and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction which is linked to the progression of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Hasan
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Al-Thani
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman El-Menyar
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Al-Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huseyin C Yalcin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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30
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Saha P, Talwar P. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF): disease pathophysiology, targets, and potential therapeutic interventions. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04845-6. [PMID: 37707699 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, degenerative pulmonary condition. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are the major modulators of IPF that mediate myofibroblast differentiation and promote fibrotic remodeling of the lung. Cigarette smoke, asbestos fiber, drugs, and radiation are known to favor fibrotic remodeling of the lungs. Oxidative stress in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also leads to protein misfolding and promotes ER stress, which is predominant in IPF. This phenomenon further results in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) aggregation, increasing oxidative stress. During protein folding in the ER, thiol groups on the cysteine residue are oxidized and disulfide bonds are formed, which leads to the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a by-product. With the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, multiple signaling cascades are initiated by the cell, collectively termed as the unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR also induces ROS production within the ER and mitochondria and promotes both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways. The prevalence of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) is 44.9%, along with an alarming increase in "Coronavirus Disease 2019" (COVID-19) comorbidities. Fibrotic airway remodeling and declined lung function are the common endpoints of SARS-CoV-2 infection and IPF. Flavonoids are available in our dietary supplements and exhibit medicinal properties. Apigenin is a flavonoid found in plants, including chamomile, thyme, parsley, garlic, guava, and broccoli, and regulates several cellular functions, such as oxidative stress, ER stress, and fibrotic responses. In this study, we focus on the IPF and COVID-19 pathogenesis and the potential role of Apigenin in addressing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Saha
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Priti Talwar
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Lu Z, Wang H, Zhang X, Huang X, Jiang S, Li Y, Liu T, Lu X, Gao B. High fat diet induces brain injury and neuronal apoptosis via down-regulating 3-β hydroxycholesterol 24 reductase (DHCR24). Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:471-487. [PMID: 37458798 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is one of the risk factors for memory impairment and cognitive impairment. However, its pathological molecular mechanism remained unclear. 3β-hydroxysterol Δ24- reductase (DHCR24) is a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis and has been reported to decrease in the affected areas in the brain of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, hyperlipidemic mouse model was established to study the effect of high blood lipid on brain. The data obtained from HPLC analysis demonstrated that the cholesterol level in the brain of mice with hyperlipidemia was significantly elevated compared to the control group. While the pathological damages were observed in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus in the brain of hyperlipidemic mice. Furthermore, the protein level of DHCR24 was downregulated accompanied by elevated ubiquitination level in the hyperlipidemic mice brain. The mouse neuroblastoma cells N2a were exposed to the excess cholesterol loading, the cells underwent apoptosis and the mRNA and protein of DHCR24 in cholesterol-loaded N2a cells were significantly reduced. In addition, the expression level of endoplasmic reticulum stress marker protein (Bip and Chop) was markedly increased in response to the cholesterol loading. More importantly, overexpression of DHCR24 in N2a reversed neuronal apoptosis induced by the cholesterol loading. Conclusively, these findings suggested that hyperlipidemia could cause brain tissue injuries via down-regulating DHCR24, and overexpression of DHCR24 may alleviate hyperlipidemia-induced neuronal cells damage by reversing the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Lu
- The School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshanzhong-Lu No.66, Huanggu-Qu, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Haozhen Wang
- The School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshanzhong-Lu No.66, Huanggu-Qu, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xiujin Zhang
- The School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshanzhong-Lu No.66, Huanggu-Qu, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xiuting Huang
- The School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshanzhong-Lu No.66, Huanggu-Qu, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- The School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshanzhong-Lu No.66, Huanggu-Qu, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenyang Medical College, Huang-He-Bei-Dajie, No.146, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenyang Medical College, Huang-He-Bei-Dajie, No.146, Shenyang, 110034, China
| | - Xiuli Lu
- The School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Chongshanzhong-Lu No.66, Huanggu-Qu, Shenyang, 110036, China.
| | - Bing Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenyang Medical College, Huang-He-Bei-Dajie, No.146, Shenyang, 110034, China.
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Hua L, Yang N, Li Y, Huang K, Jiang X, Liu F, Yu Z, Chen J, Lai J, Du J, Zeng H. Metformin sensitizes AML cells to venetoclax through endoplasmic reticulum stress-CHOP pathway. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:971-984. [PMID: 37409755 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Venetoclax inhibits acute myeloid leukaemia by inhibiting BCL-2 targeting, and a combination regimen with venetoclax has been explored. Although these regimens produce better clinical results, the vast majority of patients still suffer from disease recurrence or primary drug resistance. Metformin has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, whether it can synergize with venetoclax and the underlying mechanisms of metformin-induced apoptosis are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of metformin and venetoclax on the growth of AML cells in vitro and in vivo. In both Molm13 and THP-1 cell lines, metformin and venetoclax synergistically inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of leukaemia cells. Most importantly, the combination of metformin and venetoclax treatment significantly increased the expression levels of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related marker CHOP, for example, in AML cell lines. Knockdown of CHOP markedly attenuated the metformin- and venetoclax-induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, the combination of metformin and venetoclax demonstrated prominent anti-leukaemia effects in xenograft models and bone marrow samples from AML patients. In summary, the combination of metformin and venetoclax showed enhanced anti-leukaemia activity with acceptable safety in AML patients, representing a new combinatorial strategy worth further clinical investigation to treat AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hua
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nianhui Yang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kexiu Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinya Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangshu Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lai
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Odnokoz O, Earland N, Badinloo M, Klichko VI, Benes J, Orr WC, Radyuk SN. Peroxiredoxins Play an Important Role in the Regulation of Immunity and Aging in Drosophila. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1616. [PMID: 37627611 PMCID: PMC10451867 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant immune responses and chronic inflammation can impose significant health risks and promote premature aging. Pro-inflammatory responses are largely mediated via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction-oxidation reactions. A pivotal role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and the proper control of redox-sensitive signaling belongs to a family of antioxidant and redox-regulating thiol-related peroxidases designated as peroxiredoxins (Prx). Our recent studies in Drosophila have shown that Prxs play a critical role in aging and immunity. We identified two important 'hubs', the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, where extracellular and intracellular stress signals are transformed into pro-inflammatory responses that are modulated by the activity of the Prxs residing in these cellular organelles. Here, we found that mitochondrial Prx activity in the intestinal epithelium is required to prevent the development of intestinal barrier dysfunction, which can drive systemic inflammation and premature aging. Using a redox-negative mutant, we demonstrated that Prx acts in a redox-dependent manner in regulating the age-related immune response. The hyperactive immune response observed in flies under-expressing mitochondrial Prxs is due to a response to abiotic signals but not to changes in the bacterial content. This hyperactive response, but not reduced lifespan phenotype, can be rescued by the ER-localized Prx.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Svetlana N. Radyuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA; (O.O.); (N.E.); (M.B.); (V.I.K.); (J.B.); (W.C.O.)
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Tepebaşı MY, Büyükbayram Hİ, Özmen Ö, Taşan Ş, Selçuk E. Dexpanthenol ameliorates doxorubicin-induced lung injury by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1837-1845. [PMID: 37074393 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), which is used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of tumors, has limited use due to its toxicity in various organs and tissues. One of the organs where DOX has a toxic effect is the lung. DOX shows this effect by increasing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Dexpanthenol (DEX), a homologue of pantothenic acid, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Therefore, the purpose of our investigation was to explore how DEX could counteract the harmful effects of DOX on the lungs. Thirty-two rats were used in the study, and 4 groups were formed (control, DOX, DOX + DEX, and DEX). In these groups, parameters of inflammation, ER stress, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and spectrophotometric methods. In addition, lung tissue was evaluated histopathologically in the groups. While CHOP/GADD153, caspase-12, caspase-9, and Bax gene expressions increased in the DOX group, Bcl-2 gene expression levels significantly decreased. In addition, changes in Bax and Bcl-2 were supported immunohistochemically. There was a significant increase in oxidative stress parameters and a significant decrease in antioxidant levels. In addition, an increase in inflammatory marker (TNF-α and IL-10) levels was determined. There was a decrease in CHOP/GADD153, caspase-12, caspase-9, and Bax gene expressions and an increase in Bcl-2 gene expression in the DEX-treated group. In addition, it was determined that there was a decrease in oxidative stress levels and inflammatory findings. The curative effect of DEX was supported by histopathological findings. As a result, it was experimentally determined that DEX has a healing effect on oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in lung damage caused by DOX toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Özlem Özmen
- Department of Pathology, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Şerife Taşan
- Department of Pathology, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Esma Selçuk
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
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Munakarmi S, Gurau Y, Shrestha J, Risal P, Park HS, Lee GH, Jeong YJ. Synergistic Effects of Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica against CCl 4-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11255. [PMID: 37511015 PMCID: PMC10379123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury can be acute or chronic, resulting from a variety of factors, including viral hepatitis, drug overdose, idiosyncratic drug reaction, or toxins, while the progression of pathogenesis in the liver rises due to the involvement of numerous cytokines and growth factor mediators. Thus, the identification of more effective biomarker-based active phytochemicals isolated from medicinal plants is a promising strategy to protect against CCl4-induced liver injury. Vitis vinifera L. (VE) and Centella asiatica (CE) are well-known medicinal plants that possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, synergism between the two has not previously been studied. Here, we investigated the synergistic effects of a V. vinifera L. (VE) leaf, C. asiatica (CE) extract combination (VCEC) against CCl4-induced liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced by a single intraperitoneal administration of CCl4 (1 mL/kg). VCEC was administered orally for three consecutive days at various concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) prior to CCl4 injection. The extent of liver injury and the protective effects of VCEC were evaluated by biochemical analysis and histopathological studies. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and Western blotting. VCEC treatment significantly reduced serum transaminase levels (AST and ALT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CCl4- induced apoptosis was inhibited by VCEC treatment by reducing cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax). VCEC-treated mice significantly restored cytochrome P450 2E1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in CCl4-treated mice. In addition, VCEC downregulated overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines and hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inhibited CCl4-mediated apoptosis. Collectively, VCEC exhibited synergistic protective effects against liver injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic ability against oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Therefore, VCEC appears promising as a potential therapeutic agent for CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvesh Munakarmi
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Yamuna Gurau
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Juna Shrestha
- Alka Hospital Private Limited, Jwalakhel, Kathmandu 446010, Nepal
| | - Prabodh Risal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel 45200, Nepal
| | - Ho Sung Park
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and New Drug Development Research Institute, Jeonbuk National Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jun Jeong
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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Asveda T, Priti T, Ravanan P. Exploring microglia and their phenomenal concatenation of stress responses in neurodegenerative disorders. Life Sci 2023:121920. [PMID: 37429415 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal cells are highly functioning but also extremely stress-sensitive cells. By defending the neuronal cells against pathogenic insults, microglial cells, a unique cell type, act as the frontline cavalry in the central nervous system (CNS). Their remarkable and unique ability to self-renew independently after their creation is crucial for maintaining normal brain function and neuroprotection. They have a wide range of molecular sensors that help maintain CNS homeostasis during development and adulthood. Despite being the protector of the CNS, studies have revealed that persistent microglial activation may be the root cause of innumerable neurodegenerative illnesses, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Amyloid Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). From our vigorous review, we state that there is a possible interlinking between pathways of Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, inflammation, and oxidative stress resulting in dysregulation of the microglial population, directly influencing the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, complement factors, free radicals, and nitric oxides leading to cell death via apoptosis. Recent research uses the suppression of these three pathways as a therapeutic approach to prevent neuronal death. Hence, in this review, we have spotlighted the advancement in microglial studies, which focus on their molecular defenses against multiple stresses, and current therapeutic strategies indirectly targeting glial cells for neurodevelopmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thankavelu Asveda
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Talwar Priti
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Palaniyandi Ravanan
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Wang H, Li J, Zhang H, Wang M, Xiao L, Wang Y, Cheng Q. Regulation of microglia polarization after cerebral ischemia. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1182621. [PMID: 37361996 PMCID: PMC10285223 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1182621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke ranks second as a leading cause of death and permanent disability globally. Microglia, innate immune cells in the brain, respond rapidly to ischemic injury, triggering a robust and persistent neuroinflammatory reaction throughout the disease's progression. Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the mechanism of secondary injury in ischemic stroke and is a significant controllable factor. Microglia activation takes on two general phenotypes: the pro-inflammatory M1 type and the anti-inflammatory M2 type, although the reality is more complex. The regulation of microglia phenotype is crucial to controlling the neuroinflammatory response. This review summarized the key molecules and mechanisms of microglia polarization, function, and phenotypic transformation following cerebral ischemia, with a focus on the influence of autophagy on microglia polarization. The goal is to provide a reference for the development of new targets for the treatment for ischemic stroke treatment based on the regulation of microglia polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lifang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Province Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Torrens JN, Hetzer SM, Evanson NK. Brief Oxygen Exposure after Traumatic Brain Injury Hastens Recovery and Promotes Adaptive Chronic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9831. [PMID: 37372978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern, particularly in adolescents who have a higher mortality and incidence of visual pathway injury compared to adult patients. Likewise, we have found disparities between adult and adolescent TBI outcomes in rodents. Most interestingly, adolescents suffer a prolonged apneic period immediately post-injury, leading to higher mortality; therefore, we implemented a brief oxygen exposure paradigm to circumvent this increased mortality. Adolescent male mice experienced a closed-head weight-drop TBI and were then exposed to 100% O2 until normal breathing returned or recovered in room air. We followed mice for 7 and 30 days and assessed their optokinetic response; retinal ganglion cell loss; axonal degeneration; glial reactivity; and retinal ER stress protein levels. O2 reduced adolescent mortality by 40%, improved post-injury visual acuity, and reduced axonal degeneration and gliosis in optical projection regions. ER stress protein expression was altered in injured mice, and mice given O2 utilized different ER stress pathways in a time-dependent manner. Finally, O2 exposure may be mediating these ER stress responses through regulation of the redox-sensitive ER folding protein ERO1α, which has been linked to a reduction in the toxic effects of free radicals in other animal models of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn N Torrens
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Shelby M Hetzer
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Nathan K Evanson
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Prasad MK, Mohandas S, Ramkumar KM. Dysfunctions, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies of pancreatic β-cells in diabetes. Apoptosis 2023:10.1007/s10495-023-01854-0. [PMID: 37273039 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic beta-cell death has been established as a critical mediator in the progression of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Beta-cell death is associated with exacerbating hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and paves the way for the progression of DM and its complications. Apoptosis has been considered the primary mechanism of beta-cell death in diabetes. However, recent pieces of evidence have implicated the substantial involvement of several other novel modes of cell death, including autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis. These distinct mechanisms are characterized by their unique biochemical features and often precipitate damage through the induction of cellular stressors, including endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Experimental studies were identified from PubMed literature on different modes of beta cell death during the onset of diabetes mellitus. This review summarizes current knowledge on the crucial pathways implicated in pancreatic beta cell death. The article also focuses on applying natural compounds as potential treatment strategies in inhibiting these cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Krishna Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundhar Mohandas
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ye H, Liu S, Chen Z, Cheng L, Yi L. A highly selective and sensitive endoplasmic reticulum-targeted probe reveals HOCl- and cisplatin-induced H 2S biogenesis in live cells. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37254586 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00863k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive sulfur species (RSS) are involved in many physiological processes and act as collaborators with crosstalk. As an important member of gasotransmitters and RSS, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) carries out signaling functions at submicromolar levels because of its high reactivity. Mechanisms of dynamic regulation of ROS and H2S production are poorly understood, and the development of a highly selective and organelle-targeted chemical tool will advance the further understanding of H2S chemical biology and ROS/RSS crosstalk. Herein, we report a highly selective and sensitive, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted fluorescent probe (ER-BODIPY-NBD) for revealing cisplatin-induced H2S biogenesis for the first time. The probe demonstrates a 152-fold fluorescence enhancement at 520 nm after reaction with H2S to release a bright BODIPY product (quantum yield 0.36). The probe is highly selective toward H2S over biothiols, ER-targeted, and biocompatible. In addition, the probe was successfully employed to track H2S biogenesis in live cells via stimulation from exogenous hypochlorous acid and the drug cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishun Ye
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Longhuai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Long Yi
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
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Torrens JN, Hetzer SM, Evanson NK. Brief oxygen exposure after traumatic brain injury speeds recovery and promotes adaptive chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.09.540060. [PMID: 37214818 PMCID: PMC10197672 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.09.540060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern particularly in adolescents who have a higher mortality and incidence of visual pathway injury compared to adult patients. Likewise, we have found disparities between adult and adolescent TBI outcomes in rodents. Most interestingly, adolescents suffer a prolonged apneic period immediately post injury leading to higher mortality; so, we implemented a brief oxygen exposure paradigm to circumvent this increased mortality. Adolescent male mice experienced a closed-head weight-drop TBI then were exposed to 100% O 2 until normal breathing returned or recovered in room air. We followed mice for 7- and 30-days and assessed their optokinetic response; retinal ganglion cell loss; axonal degeneration; glial reactivity; and retinal ER stress protein levels. O 2 reduced adolescent mortality by 40%, improved post-injury visual acuity, and reduced axonal degeneration and gliosis in optic projection regions. ER stress protein expression was altered in injured mice, and mice given O 2 utilized different ER-stress pathways in a time dependent manner. Finally, O 2 exposure may be mediating these ER stress responses through regulation of the redox-sensitive ER folding protein ERO1α, which has been linked to a reduction in the toxic effects of free radicals in other animal models of ER stress.
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Iqbal J, Su C, Wang M, Abbas H, Baloch MYJ, Ghani J, Ullah Z, Huq ME. Groundwater fluoride and nitrate contamination and associated human health risk assessment in South Punjab, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:61606-61625. [PMID: 36811779 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of high fluoride (F-) and nitrate (NO3-) containing water may pose serious health hazards. One hundred sixty-one groundwater samples were collected from drinking wells in Khushab district, Punjab Province, Pakistan, to determine the causes of elevated F- and NO3- concentrations, and to estimate the human health risks posed by groundwater contamination. The results showed pH of the groundwater samples ranged from slightly neutral to alkaline, and Na+ and HCO3- ions dominated the groundwater. Piper diagram and bivariate plots indicated that the key factors regulating groundwater hydrochemistry were weathering of silicates, dissolution of evaporates, evaporation, cation exchange, and anthropogenic activities. The F- content of groundwater ranged from 0.06 to 7.9 mg/L, and 25.46% of groundwater samples contained high-level fluoride concentration (F- > 1.5 mg/L), which exceeds the (WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality: incorporating the first and second addenda, WHO, Geneva, 2022) guidelines of drinking-water quality. Inverse geochemical modeling indicates that weathering and dissolution of fluoride-rich minerals were the primary causes of F- in groundwater. High F- can be attributed to low concentration of calcium-containing minerals along the flow path. The concentrations of NO3- in groundwater varied from 0.1 to 70 mg/L; some samples are slightly exceeding the (WHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality: incorporating the first and second addenda, WHO, Geneva, 2022) guidelines for drinking-water quality. Elevated NO3- content was attributed to the anthropogenic activities revealed by PCA analysis. The high levels of nitrates found in the study region are a result of various human-caused factors, including leaks from septic systems, the use of nitrogen-rich fertilizers, and waste from households, farming operations, and livestock. The hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard index (THI) of F- and NO3- showed high non-carcinogenic risk (> 1) via groundwater consumption, demonstrating a high potential risk to the local population. This study is significant because it is the most comprehensive examination of water quality, groundwater hydrogeochemistry, and health risk assessment in the Khushab district to date, and it will serve as a baseline for future studies. Some sustainable measures are urgent to reduce the F- and NO3- content in the groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Iqbal
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunli Su
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hasnain Abbas
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | | | - Junaid Ghani
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zahid Ullah
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Md Enamul Huq
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Al Zaidi M, Marggraf V, Repges E, Nickenig G, Skowasch D, Aksoy A, Pizarro C. Relevance of serum levels of the endoplasmic reticulum stress protein GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa) as biomarker in pulmonary diseases. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:333-341. [PMID: 37020080 PMCID: PMC10167071 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress and inflammation contribute to the initiation and progression of a variety of pulmonary diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and its main regulator GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa) appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases, and GRP78 was found to be a biomarker in a wide range of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of serum GRP78 in pulmonary disorders.In this prospective cohort study, 78 consecutive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, n = 28), asthma (n = 38) or interstitial lung disease (ILD, n = 12) underwent measurement of serum GRP78 levels by ELISA.The mean age of patients was 59.8 ± 12.4 years, 48.7% were female. Patients with elevated GRP78 levels (> median) offered a significantly better oxygenation status (capillary pO2: 75.3 ± 11.7 mmHg vs. 67.8 ± 15.9 mmHg, p = 0.02). Significant correlations were observed between GRP78, on the one hand, and haemoglobin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and eosinophil counts, on the other hand (haemoglobin: Pearson's r = -0.25, hs-CRP: r = 0.30, eosinophils: r = 0.63).Subsequently, we evaluated GRP78 measurements in function of severity stratifiers of the specific underlying pulmonary disease. ILD patients with a severe diffusion impairment (DLCO< 40% of predicted), exhibited a significant decrease in GRP78 levels (p = 0.01). In COPD and asthma, both characterized by obstructive ventilatory defects, a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) <30% of predicted was accompanied by significantly lower GRP78 (p = 0.0075).In both obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disorders, GRP78 protein concentrations were reduced with increasing disease severity. These data suggest a prevalent role of GRP78 in the presently studied pulmonary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntadher Al Zaidi
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Marggraf
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elena Repges
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dirk Skowasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Adem Aksoy
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carmen Pizarro
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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Pan Z, Huang J, Hu T, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Cui D, Li L, Wang J, Wu Q. Protective Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles against Bisphenol A-Induced Toxicity in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087242. [PMID: 37108405 PMCID: PMC10139072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used to harden plastics and polycarbonates and causes serious toxic effects in multiple organs, including the intestines. Selenium, as an essential nutrient element for humans and animals, exhibits a predominant effect in various physiological processes. Selenium nanoparticles have attracted more and more attention due to their outstanding biological activity and biosafety. We prepared chitosan-coated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and further compared the protective effects, and investigated the underlying mechanism of SeNPs and inorganic selenium (Na2SeO3) on BPA-induced toxicity in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The particle size, zeta potential, and microstructure of SeNPs were detected by using a nano-selenium particle size meter and a transmission electron microscope. IPEC-J2 cells were exposed to BPA alone or simultaneously exposed to BPA and SeNPs or Na2SeO3. The CCK8 assay was performed to screen the optimal concentration of BPA exposure and the optimal concentration of SeNPs and Na2SeO3 treatment. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR and Western blot methods were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of factors related to tight junctions, apoptosis, inflammatory responses and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Increased death and morphological damage were observed after BPA exposure, and these increases were attenuated by SeNPs and Na2SeO3 treatment. BPA exposure disturbed the tight junction function involved with decreased expression of tight junction protein Zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin, and claudin-1 proteins. Proinflammatory response mediated by the transcription factor nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NF-κB), such as elevated levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression was induced at 6 and 24 h after BPA exposure. BPA exposure also disturbed the oxidant/antioxidant status and led to oxidative stress. IPEC-J2 cell apoptosis was induced by BPA exposure, as indicated by increased BCL-2-associated X protein (Bax), caspase 3, caspase 8, and caspase 9 expression and decreased B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-xl expression. BPA exposure activated the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) mediated by the receptor protein kinase receptor-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), Inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). We found that treatment with SeNPs and Na2SeO3 can alleviate the intestinal damage caused by BPA. SeNPs were superior to Na2SeO3 and counteracted BPA-induced tight junction function injury, proinflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and ERS stress. Our findings suggest that SeNPs protect intestinal epithelial cells from BPA-induced damage, partly through inhibiting ER stress activation and subsequently attenuating proinflammatory responses and oxidative stress and suppressing apoptosis, thus enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier function. Our data indicate that selenium nanoparticles may represent an effective and reliable tool for preventing BPA toxicity in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaozao Pan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Defeng Cui
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
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Li M, Fang Q, Xiu L, Yu L, Peng S, Wu X, Chen X, Niu X, Wang G, Kong Y. The molecular mechanisms of alpha-lipoic acid on ameliorating aflatoxin B 1-induced liver toxicity and physiological dysfunction in northern snakehead (Channa argus). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 257:106466. [PMID: 36871483 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the protective mechanism of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) on the food-borne aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure-induced liver toxicity and physiological dysfunction in the northern snakehead (Channa argus). 480 fish (9.24±0.01 g) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups and fed with four experimental diets for 56 d including the control group (CON), AFB1 group (200 ppb AFB1), 600 α-LA group (600 ppm α-LA+200 ppb AFB1), and 900 α-LA group (900 ppm α-LA+200 ppb AFB1). The results revealed that 600 and 900 ppm α-LA attenuated AFB1-induced growth inhibition and immunosuppression in northern snakehead. 600 ppm α-LA significantly decreased the serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, and AFB1 bioaccumulation, and attenuated the changes of hepatic histopathological and ultrastructure induced by AFB1. Moreover, 600 and 900 ppm α-LA significantly up-regulated phase I metabolism genes (cytochrome P450-1a, 1b, and 3a) mRNA expression, inhibited the levels of malondialdehyde, 8‑hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine and reactive oxygen species in the liver. Notably, 600 ppm α-LA significantly up-regulated the expression levels of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 and its related downstream antioxidant molecules (heme oxygenase 1 and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1, etc.), increased the phase II detoxification enzyme-related molecules (glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione), antioxidant parameters (catalase and superoxide dismutase, etc.), and the expressions of Nrf2 and Ho-1 protein in the presence of AFB1 exposure. Furthermore, 600 and 900 ppm α-LA significantly reduced the characteristic indices of AFB1-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (glucose-regulated protein 78 and inositol requiring enzyme 1, etc.), apoptosis (caspase-3 and cytochrome c, etc.) and inflammation (nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor α, etc.), while increased the B-cell lymphoma-2 and inhibitor of κBα in the liver after being exposed to AFB1. To summarize, the above results indicate that dietary α-LA could modulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway to ameliorate AFB1-induced growth inhibition, liver toxicity, and physiological dysfunction in northern snakehead. Although the concentration of α-LA increased to 900 ppm from 600 ppm, the protective effects of the 900 ppm α-LA do not show an advantage over the 600 ppm α-LA, and even show inferiority in some respects. So that the recommended concentration of α-LA is 600 ppm. The present study provides the theoretical foundation for developing α-LA as the prevention and treatment of AFB1-induced liver toxicity in aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Qiongya Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Lei Xiu
- Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Linhai Yu
- Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Sibo Peng
- Jilin Academy of Fishery Sciences, Changchun 130033, PR. China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Xiumei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Xiaotian Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China.
| | - Yidi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR. China.
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Firoz A, Ravanan P, Saha P, Prashar T, Talwar P. Genome-wide screening and identification of potential kinases involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress responses. Life Sci 2023; 317:121452. [PMID: 36720454 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to identify endoplasmic reticulum stress response elements (ERSE) in the human genome to explore potentially regulated genes, including kinases and transcription factors, involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and its related diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Python-based whole genome screening of ERSE was performed using the Amazon Web Services elastic computing system. The Kinome database was used to filter out the kinases from the extracted list of ERSE-related genes. Additionally, network analysis and genome enrichment were achieved using NDEx, the Network and Data Exchange software, and web-based computational tools. To validate the gene expression, quantitative RT-PCR was performed for selected kinases from the list by exposing the HeLa cells to tunicamycin and brefeldin, ER stress inducers, for various time points. KEY FINDINGS The overall number of ERSE-associated genes follows a similar pattern in humans, mice, and rats, demonstrating the ERSE's conservation in mammals. A total of 2705 ERSE sequences were discovered in the human genome (GRCh38.p14), from which we identified 36 kinases encoding genes. Gene expression analysis has shown a significant change in the expression of selected genes under ER stress conditions in HeLa cells, supporting our finding. SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we have introduced a rapid method using Amazon cloud-based services for genome-wide screening of ERSE sequences from both positive and negative strands, which covers the entire genome reference sequences. Approximately 10 % of human protein-protein interactomes were found to be associated with ERSE-related genes. Our study also provides a rich resource of human ER stress-response-based protein networks and transcription factor interactions and a reference point for future research aiming at targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Firoz
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palaniyandi Ravanan
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi campus, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pritha Saha
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tanish Prashar
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priti Talwar
- Apoptosis and Cell Survival Research Laboratory, 412G Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zhang S, Tang J, Sun C, Zhang N, Ning X, Li X, Wang J. Dexmedetomidine attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced apoptosis via reducing oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109959. [PMID: 36881980 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX) affords a hepatoprotective effect during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury (IRI); however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this work, using a rat liver IR model and a BRL-3A cell hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) model, we explored whether DEX protects the liver against IRI by decreasing oxidative stress (OS), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptotic pathways. We found that DEX significantly increased SOD and GSH activity while decreasing ROS and MDA levels in BRL-3A cells, successfully preventing HR-induced OS damage. DEX administration reduced JNK, ERK, and P38 phosphorylation and blocked HR-induced MAPK signaling pathway activation. Additionally, DEX administration reduced the expression of GRP78, IRE1α, XBP1, TRAF2, and CHOP, which reduced HR-induced ERS. NAC prevented the MAPK pathway from being activated and inhibited the ERS pathway. Further research showed that DEX significantly reduced HR-induced apoptosis by suppressing the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3. Similarly, animal studies demonstrated DEX exerted a protective effect of the liver by alleviating histopathological injury and enhancing liver function, mechanically DEX reduced cell apoptosis in liver tissue by reducing oxidative stress and ERS. In conclusion, DEX mitigates OS and ERS during IR, thereby suppressing cell apoptosis, thus providing protection to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Jilang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Chen Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Nuannuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Xiaqing Ning
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Xueqin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
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Rahman MM, Islam MR, Alam Tumpa MA, Shohag S, Shakil Khan Shuvo, Ferdous J, Kajol SA, Aljohani ASM, Al Abdulmonem W, Rauf A, Thiruvengadam M. Insights into the promising prospect of medicinal chemistry studies against neurodegenerative disorders. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 373:110375. [PMID: 36739931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal chemistry is an interdisciplinary field that incorporates organic chemistry, biochemistry, physical chemistry, pharmacology, informatics, molecular biology, structural biology, cell biology, and other disciplines. Additionally, it considers molecular factors such as the mode of action of the drugs, their chemical structure-activity relationship (SAR), and pharmacokinetic aspects like absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity. Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs), which are defined by the breakdown of neurons over time, are affecting an increasing number of people. Oxidative stress, particularly the increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), plays a crucial role in the growth of various disorders, as indicated by the identification of protein, lipid, and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oxidation products in vivo. Because of their inherent nature, most biological molecules are vulnerable to ROS, even if they play a role in metabolic parameters and cell signaling. Due to their high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, low antioxidant barrier, and high oxygen uptake, neurons are particularly vulnerable to oxidation by nature. As a result, excessive ROS generation in neurons looks especially harmful, and the mechanisms associated with biomolecule oxidative destruction are several and complex. This review focuses on the formation and management of ROS, as well as their chemical characteristics (both thermodynamic and kinetic), interactions, and implications in NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Afroza Alam Tumpa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Shohag
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakil Khan Shuvo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saima Akter Kajol
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar, 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Modulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response mitigates the behavioral effects of early-life stress. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:293-319. [PMID: 36843201 PMCID: PMC10060333 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life stress (ELS) affects brain development and increases the risk of mental disorders associated with the dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The mechanisms of ELS action are not well understood. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are cellular processes involved in brain maturation through the regulation of pro-survival or proapoptotic processes. We hypothesized that ER stress and the UPR in the mPFC are involved in the neurobiology of ELS. METHODS We performed a maternal separation (MS) procedure from postnatal days 1 to 14 in rats. Before each MS, pups were injected with an inhibitor of ER stress, salubrinal or a vehicle. The mRNA and protein expression of UPR and apoptotic markers were evaluated in the mPFC using RT-qPCR and Western blot methods, respectively. We also estimated the numbers of neurons and glial cells using stereological methods. Additionally, we assessed behavioral phenotypes related to fear, anhedonia and response to psychostimulants. RESULTS MS slightly enhanced the activation of the UPR in juveniles and modulated the expression of apoptotic markers in juveniles and preadolescents but not in adults. Additionally, MS did not affect the numbers of neurons and glial cells at any age. Both salubrinal and vehicle blunted the expression of UPR markers in juvenile and preadolescent MS rats, often in a treatment-specific manner. Moreover, salubrinal and vehicle generally alleviated the behavioral effects of MS in preadolescent and adult rats. CONCLUSIONS Modulation of ER stress and UPR processes may potentially underlie susceptibility or resilience to ELS.
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Augmenting hematoma-scavenging capacity of innate immune cells by CDNF reduces brain injury and promotes functional recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:128. [PMID: 36792604 PMCID: PMC9932138 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
During intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), hematoma formation at the site of blood vessel damage results in local mechanical injury. Subsequently, erythrocytes lyse to release hemoglobin and heme, which act as neurotoxins and induce inflammation and secondary brain injury, resulting in severe neurological deficits. Accelerating hematoma resorption and mitigating hematoma-induced brain edema by modulating immune cells has potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for functional recovery after ICH. Here, we show that intracerebroventricular administration of recombinant human cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (rhCDNF) accelerates hemorrhagic lesion resolution, reduces peri-focal edema, and improves neurological outcomes in an animal model of collagenase-induced ICH. We demonstrate that CDNF acts on microglia/macrophages in the hemorrhagic striatum by promoting scavenger receptor expression, enhancing erythrophagocytosis and increasing anti-inflammatory mediators while suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Administration of rhCDNF results in upregulation of the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway, but alleviation of oxidative stress and unfolded protein responses in the perihematomal area. Finally, we demonstrate that intravenous delivery of rhCDNF has beneficial effects in an animal model of ICH and that systemic application promotes scavenging by the brain's myeloid cells for the treatment of ICH.
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