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Wang J, Jiang C, Guo Z, Chapman S, Kozhemiako N, Mylonas D, Su Y, Zhou L, Shen L, Qin S, Murphy M, Tan S, Manoach DS, Stickgold R, Huang H, Zhou Z, Purcell SM, Hall M, Hyman SE, Pan JQ. Study Protocol: Global Research Initiative on the Neurophysiology of Schizophrenia (GRINS) project. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:433. [PMID: 38858652 PMCID: PMC11165775 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective and quantifiable markers are crucial for developing novel therapeutics for mental disorders by 1) stratifying clinically similar patients with different underlying neurobiological deficits and 2) objectively tracking disease trajectory and treatment response. Schizophrenia is often confounded with other psychiatric disorders, especially bipolar disorder, if based on cross-sectional symptoms. Awake and sleep EEG have shown promise in identifying neurophysiological differences as biomarkers for schizophrenia. However, most previous studies, while useful, were conducted in European and American populations, had small sample sizes, and utilized varying analytic methods, limiting comprehensive analyses or generalizability to diverse human populations. Furthermore, the extent to which wake and sleep neurophysiology metrics correlate with each other and with symptom severity or cognitive impairment remains unresolved. Moreover, how these neurophysiological markers compare across psychiatric conditions is not well characterized. The utility of biomarkers in clinical trials and practice would be significantly advanced by well-powered transdiagnostic studies. The Global Research Initiative on the Neurophysiology of Schizophrenia (GRINS) project aims to address these questions through a large, multi-center cohort study involving East Asian populations. To promote transparency and reproducibility, we describe the protocol for the GRINS project. METHODS The research procedure consists of an initial screening interview followed by three subsequent sessions: an introductory interview, an evaluation visit, and an overnight neurophysiological recording session. Data from multiple domains, including demographic and clinical characteristics, behavioral performance (cognitive tasks, motor sequence tasks), and neurophysiological metrics (both awake and sleep electroencephalography), are collected by research groups specialized in each domain. CONCLUSION Pilot results from the GRINS project demonstrate the feasibility of this study protocol and highlight the importance of such research, as well as its potential to study a broader range of patients with psychiatric conditions. Through GRINS, we are generating a valuable dataset across multiple domains to identify neurophysiological markers of schizophrenia individually and in combination. By applying this protocol to related mental disorders often confounded with each other, we can gather information that offers insight into the neurophysiological characteristics and underlying mechanisms of these severe conditions, informing objective diagnosis, stratification for clinical research, and ultimately, the development of better-targeted treatment matching in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenguang Jiang
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenglin Guo
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States
| | - Sinéad Chapman
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States
| | - Nataliia Kozhemiako
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Dimitrios Mylonas
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Yi Su
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States
| | - Lu Shen
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengying Qin
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, United States
| | - Shuping Tan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Dara S Manoach
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Robert Stickgold
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Shaun M Purcell
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Meihua Hall
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, United States
| | - Steven E Hyman
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jen Q Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States.
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Kaduk K, Wilke M, Kagan I. Dorsal pulvinar inactivation leads to spatial selection bias without perceptual deficit. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12852. [PMID: 38834578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The dorsal pulvinar has been implicated in visuospatial attentional and perceptual confidence processing. Pulvinar lesions in humans and monkeys lead to spatial neglect symptoms, including an overt spatial saccade bias during free choices. However, it remains unclear whether disrupting the dorsal pulvinar during target selection that relies on a perceptual decision leads to a perceptual impairment or a more general spatial orienting and choice deficit. To address this question, we reversibly inactivated the unilateral dorsal pulvinar by injecting GABA-A agonist THIP while two macaque monkeys performed a color discrimination saccade task with varying perceptual difficulty. We used Signal Detection Theory and simulations to dissociate perceptual sensitivity (d-prime) and spatial selection bias (response criterion) effects. We expected a decrease in d-prime if dorsal pulvinar affects perceptual discrimination and a shift in response criterion if dorsal pulvinar is mainly involved in spatial orienting. After the inactivation, we observed response criterion shifts away from contralesional stimuli, especially when two competing stimuli in opposite hemifields were present. Notably, the d-prime and overall accuracy remained largely unaffected. Our results underline the critical contribution of the dorsal pulvinar to spatial orienting and action selection while showing it to be less important for visual perceptual discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Kaduk
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Wilke
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Cognitive Neurology Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Igor Kagan
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University of Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Koubiyr I, Yamamoto T, Blyau S, Kamroui RA, Mansencal B, Planche V, Petit L, Saranathan M, Casey R, Ruet A, Brochet B, Manjón JV, Dousset V, Coupé P, Tourdias T. Vulnerability of Thalamic Nuclei at CSF Interface During the Entire Course of Multiple Sclerosis. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2024; 11:e200222. [PMID: 38635941 PMCID: PMC11087027 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Thalamic atrophy can be used as a proxy for neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Some data point toward thalamic nuclei that could be affected more than others. However, the dynamic of their changes during MS evolution and the mechanisms driving their differential alterations are still uncertain. METHODS We paired a large cohort of 1,123 patients with MS with the same number of healthy controls, all scanned with conventional 3D-T1 MRI. To highlight the main atrophic regions at the thalamic nuclei level, we validated a segmentation strategy consisting of deep learning-based synthesis of sequences, which were used for automatic multiatlas segmentation. Then, through a lifespan-based approach, we could model the dynamics of the 4 main thalamic nuclei groups. RESULTS All analyses converged toward a higher rate of atrophy for the posterior and medial groups compared with the anterior and lateral groups. We also demonstrated that focal MS white matter lesions were associated with atrophy of groups of nuclei when specifically located within the associated thalamocortical projections. The volumes of the most affected posterior group, but also of the anterior group, were better associated with clinical disability than the volume of the whole thalamus. DISCUSSION These findings point toward the thalamic nuclei adjacent to the third ventricle as more susceptible to neurodegeneration during the entire course of MS through potentiation of disconnection effects by regional factors. Because this information can be obtained even from standard T1-weighted MRI, this paves the way toward such an approach for future monitoring of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Koubiyr
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Takayuki Yamamoto
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Simon Blyau
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Reda A Kamroui
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Boris Mansencal
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Vincent Planche
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Laurent Petit
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Manojkumar Saranathan
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Romain Casey
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Aurélie Ruet
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Bruno Brochet
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - José V Manjón
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Vincent Dousset
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Pierrick Coupé
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Thomas Tourdias
- From the University of Bordeaux (I.K., T.Y., A.R., B.B., V.D., T.T.), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215; Neuroimagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique (S.B.), CHU de Bordeaux; University of Bordeaux (R.A.K., B.M., P.C.), CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LABRI, UMR5800, Talence; Univ. Bordeaux (V.P.), CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle (L.P.), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France; Department of Medical Imaging (M.S.), The University of Arizona, Tucson; Université de Lyon (R.C.), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France; and Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas (ITACA) (J.V.M.), Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
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Mistri D, Tedone N, Biondi D, Vizzino C, Pagani E, Rocca MA, Filippi M. Cognitive phenotypes in multiple sclerosis: mapping the spectrum of impairment. J Neurol 2024; 271:1571-1583. [PMID: 38007408 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available criteria for cognitive phenotypes in multiple sclerosis (MS) do not consider the severity of impairment. OBJECTIVES To identify cognitive phenotypes with varying degrees of impairment in MS patients and describe their demographic, clinical and MRI characteristics. METHODS Two hundred and forty-three MS patients and 158 healthy controls underwent neuropsychological tests to assess memory, attention, and executive function. For each domain, mild impairment was defined as performing 1.5 standard deviations below the normative mean on two tests, while the threshold for significant impairment was 2 standard deviations. Patients were classified into cognitive phenotypes based on severity of the impairment (mild/significant) and number of domains affected (one/more). RESULTS Five cognitive phenotypes emerged: Preserved cognition (PC; 56%), Mild Single-Domain Impairment (MSD; 15%), Mild Multi-Domain Impairment (MMD; 9%), Significant Single-Domain Impairment (SSD; 12%), Significant Multi-Domain Impairment (SMD; 8%). Compared with PC, MSD patients were older, had longer disease duration (DD) and higher T2-hyperintense lesion volume (LV; all p ≤ 0.02); MMD patients were older, had longer DD, higher disability, higher T2 LV and lower thalamic volume (all p ≤ 0.01); SSD patients had longer DD and lower gray matter cortical volume, thalamic, caudate, putamen and accumbens volumes (all p ≤ 0.04); and SMD patients were older, had longer DD, higher disability and more extensive structural damage in all brain regions explored (all p ≤ 0.03), except white matter and amygdala volumes. CONCLUSIONS We identified five cognitive phenotypes with graded levels of impairment. These phenotypes were characterized by distinct demographic, clinical and MRI features, indicating potential variations in the neural substrates of dysfunction throughout disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Mistri
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò Tedone
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Diana Biondi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Vizzino
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pagani
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria A Rocca
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Cobbaert L, Hay P, Mitchell PB, Roza SJ, Perkes I. Sensory processing across eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of self-report inventories. Int J Eat Disord 2024. [PMID: 38511825 DOI: 10.1002/eat.24184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review investigated the extant literature regarding the relationship between eating disorder diagnoses and sensory processing as measured by validated and reliable self-report inventories. Increasing evidence highlights the role of sensory processing in cognitive functions. Sensory processing is implicated in mental-ill health, including eating disorders (ED) and body image disturbances. However, the pathophysiological underpinnings of sensory processing, encompassing exteroception and interoception, in relation to ED remain underexplored. METHOD We included studies involving participants aged 15 years or older with an eating disorder diagnosis confirmed by semi-structured or structured interviews. We further limited inclusion to articles using validated and reliable self-report instruments to measure sensory processing. Our meta-analysis focused on studies using the interoceptive awareness subscale from the second version of the Eating Disorder Inventory. We used the Critical Appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies to assess the quality of included articles. RESULTS There were 19 studies that met our inclusion criteria. Most studies showed moderate-to-high quality. Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) were associated with heightened exteroception. Moreover, people with AN reported a heightened sense of taste compared to those with BN. Our meta-analysis comprising 10 studies, 19 samples, and 6382 participants revealed that AN (binge-purge subtype) and BN were associated with increased interoceptive difficulties compared to AN (restrictive subtype) or binge-eating disorder. DISCUSSION Overall, this review emphasizes the need for a deeper investigation into sensory processing, spanning both exteroception and interoception, in relation to ED. This may prove important for individualizing person-centered care. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE How people process internal, for example, hunger, and external, for example, taste and sensations is known to influence cognition and mental-ill health, including ED and body image disturbances. However, the ways in which sensory processing may contribute to ED are incompletely understood. We found that individuals with AN or BN experienced heightened exteroception, while people with an eating disorder characterized by purging reported increased interoceptive difficulties. These patterns could inform the development of more personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Cobbaert
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Phillipa Hay
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip B Mitchell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sabine J Roza
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iain Perkes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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6
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Zhang C, Li S, Wang Y, Shi J. Photochemically induced thalamus infarction impairs cognition in a mouse model. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2023; 8:444-452. [PMID: 37185137 PMCID: PMC10800257 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2022-002235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small subcortical infarcts account for up to 25% of ischaemic strokes. Thalamus is one of the subcortical structures that commonly manifest with lacunar infarcts on MRI of the brain. Studies have shown that thalamus infarction is associated with cognitive decline. However, due to the lack of proper animal models, little is known about the mechanism. We aimed to establish a focal thalamus infarction model, characterise the infarct lesion and assess functional effects. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were anaesthetised, and Rose Bengal dye was injected through the tail vein. The right thalamus was illuminated with green laser light by stereotactic implantation of optic fibre. Characteristics of the infarct and lesion evolution were evaluated by histological analysis and 7T MRI at various times. The cognitive and neurological functions were assessed by behavioural tests. Retrograde tracing was performed to analyse neural connections. RESULTS An ischaemic lesion with small vessel occlusion was observed in the thalamus. It became a small circumscribed infarct with reactive astrocytes accumulated in the infarct periphery on day 21. The mice with thalamic infarction demonstrated impaired learning and memory without significant neurological deficits. Retrogradely labelled neurons in the retrosplenial granular cortex were reduced. CONCLUSION This study established a mouse model of thalamic lacunar infarction that exhibits cognitive impairment. Neural connection dysfunctions may play a potential role in post-stroke cognitive impairment. This model helps to clarify the pathophysiology of post-stroke cognitive impairment and to develop potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiping Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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7
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Onofrj M, Russo M, Delli Pizzi S, De Gregorio D, Inserra A, Gobbi G, Sensi SL. The central role of the Thalamus in psychosis, lessons from neurodegenerative diseases and psychedelics. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:384. [PMID: 38092757 PMCID: PMC10719401 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The PD-DLB psychosis complex found in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) includes hallucinations, Somatic Symptom/Functional Disorders, and delusions. These disorders exhibit similar presentation patterns and progression. Mechanisms at the root of these symptoms also share similarities with processes promoting altered states of consciousness found in Rapid Eye Movement sleep, psychiatric disorders, or the intake of psychedelic compounds. We propose that these mechanisms find a crucial driver and trigger in the dysregulated activity of high-order thalamic nuclei set in motion by ThalamoCortical Dysrhythmia (TCD). TCD generates the loss of finely tuned cortico-cortical modulations promoted by the thalamus and unleashes the aberrant activity of the Default Mode Network (DMN). TCD moves in parallel with altered thalamic filtering of external and internal information. The process produces an input overload to the cortex, thereby exacerbating DMN decoupling from task-positive networks. These phenomena alter the brain metastability, creating dreamlike, dissociative, or altered states of consciousness. In support of this hypothesis, mind-altering psychedelic drugs also modulate thalamic-cortical pathways. Understanding the pathophysiological background of these conditions provides a conceptual bridge between neurology and psychiatry, thereby helping to generate a promising and converging area of investigation and therapeutic efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Onofrj
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mirella Russo
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Danilo De Gregorio
- Division of Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Inserra
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabriella Gobbi
- Neurobiological Psychiatry Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Behavioral Neurology and Molecular Neurology Units, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology - CAST, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology-ITAB University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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Tsuchiyagaito A, Misaki M, Cochran G, Philip NS, Paulus MP, Guinjoan SM. Thalamo-cortical circuits associated with trait- and state-repetitive negative thinking in major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:184-192. [PMID: 37913745 PMCID: PMC10872862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive negative thinking (RNT), often referred to as rumination in the mood disorders literature, is a symptom dimension associated with poor prognosis and suicide in major depressive disorder (MDD). Given the transdiagnostic nature of RNT, this study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that neurobiological substrates of RNT in MDD may share the brain mechanisms underlying obsessions, particularly those involving cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuits. METHODS Thirty-nine individuals with MDD underwent RNT induction during fMRI. Trait-RNT was measured by the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) and state-RNT was measured by a visual analogue scale. We employed a connectome-wide association analysis examining the association between RNT intensity with striatal and thalamic connectivity. RESULTS A greater RRS score was associated with hyperconnectivity of the right mediodorsal thalamus with prefrontal cortex, including lateral orbitofrontal cortex, along with Wernicke's area and posterior default mode network nodes (t = 4.66-6.70). A greater state-RNT score was associated with hyperconnectivity of the right laterodorsal thalamus with bilateral primary sensory and motor cortices, supplementary motor area, and Broca's area (t = 4.51-6.57). Unexpectedly, there were no significant findings related to the striatum. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest RNT in MDD is subserved by abnormal connectivity between right thalamic nuclei and cortical regions involved in both visceral and higher order cognitive processing. Emerging deep-brain neuromodulation methods may be useful to establish causal relationships between dysfunction of right thalamic-cortical circuits and RNT in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Tsuchiyagaito
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA; Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Masaya Misaki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Gabe Cochran
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Noah S Philip
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Salvador M Guinjoan
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center at Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA; Laureate Psychiatric Hospital and Clinic, Tulsa, OK, USA
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9
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Schneider L, Dominguez-Vargas AU, Gibson L, Wilke M, Kagan I. Visual, delay, and oculomotor timing and tuning in macaque dorsal pulvinar during instructed and free choice memory saccades. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10877-10900. [PMID: 37724430 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Causal perturbations suggest that primate dorsal pulvinar plays a crucial role in target selection and saccade planning, though its basic neuronal properties remain unclear. Some functional aspects of dorsal pulvinar and interconnected frontoparietal areas-e.g. ipsilesional choice bias after inactivation-are similar. But it is unknown if dorsal pulvinar shares oculomotor properties of cortical circuitry, in particular delay and choice-related activity. We investigated such properties in macaque dorsal pulvinar during instructed and free-choice memory saccades. Most recorded units showed visual (12%), saccade-related (30%), or both types of responses (22%). Visual responses were primarily contralateral; diverse saccade-related responses were predominantly post-saccadic with a weak contralateral bias. Memory delay and pre-saccadic enhancement was infrequent (11-9%)-instead, activity was often suppressed during saccade planning (25%) and further during execution (15%). Surprisingly, only few units exhibited classical visuomotor patterns combining cue and continuous delay activity or pre-saccadic ramping; moreover, most spatially-selective neurons did not encode the upcoming decision during free-choice delay. Thus, in absence of a visible goal, the dorsal pulvinar has a limited role in prospective saccade planning, with patterns partially complementing its frontoparietal partners. Conversely, prevalent visual and post-saccadic responses imply its participation in integrating spatial goals with processing across saccades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Schneider
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Adan-Ulises Dominguez-Vargas
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Département de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Lydia Gibson
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Melanie Wilke
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
- DFG Center for Nanoscale Microscopy & Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Igor Kagan
- Decision and Awareness Group, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
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10
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Zhuang Q, Qiao L, Xu L, Yao S, Chen S, Zheng X, Li J, Fu M, Li K, Vatansever D, Ferraro S, Kendrick KM, Becker B. The right inferior frontal gyrus as pivotal node and effective regulator of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical response inhibition circuit. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2023; 3:kkad016. [PMID: 38666118 PMCID: PMC10917375 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background The involvement of specific basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in response inhibition has been extensively mapped in animal models. However, the pivotal nodes and directed causal regulation within this inhibitory circuit in humans remains controversial. Objective The main aim of the present study was to determine the causal information flow and critical nodes in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical inhibitory circuits and also to examine whether these are modulated by biological factors (i.e. sex) and behavioral performance. Methods Here, we capitalize on the recent progress in robust and biologically plausible directed causal modeling (DCM-PEB) and a large response inhibition dataset (n = 250) acquired with concomitant functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine key nodes, their causal regulation and modulation via biological variables (sex) and inhibitory performance in the inhibitory circuit encompassing the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), caudate nucleus (rCau), globus pallidum (rGP), and thalamus (rThal). Results The entire neural circuit exhibited high intrinsic connectivity and response inhibition critically increased causal projections from the rIFG to both rCau and rThal. Direct comparison further demonstrated that response inhibition induced an increasing rIFG inflow and increased the causal regulation of this region over the rCau and rThal. In addition, sex and performance influenced the functional architecture of the regulatory circuits such that women displayed increased rThal self-inhibition and decreased rThal to GP modulation, while better inhibitory performance was associated with stronger rThal to rIFG communication. Furthermore, control analyses did not reveal a similar key communication in a left lateralized model. Conclusions Together, these findings indicate a pivotal role of the rIFG as input and causal regulator of subcortical response inhibition nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhuang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311121, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China
| | - Shuxia Yao
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Shuaiyu Chen
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311121, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jialin Li
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Meina Fu
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Keshuang Li
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Deniz Vatansever
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Stefania Ferraro
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
| | - Keith M Kendrick
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Howell AM, Warrington S, Fonteneau C, Cho YT, Sotiropoulos SN, Murray JD, Anticevic A. The spatial extent of anatomical connections within the thalamus varies across the cortical hierarchy in humans and macaques. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.22.550168. [PMID: 37546767 PMCID: PMC10401924 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.22.550168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Each cortical area has a distinct pattern of anatomical connections within the thalamus, a central subcortical structure composed of functionally and structurally distinct nuclei. Previous studies have suggested that certain cortical areas may have more extensive anatomical connections that target multiple thalamic nuclei, which potentially allows them to modulate distributed information flow. However, there is a lack of quantitative investigations into anatomical connectivity patterns within the thalamus. Consequently, it remains unknown if cortical areas exhibit systematic differences in the extent of their anatomical connections within the thalamus. To address this knowledge gap, we used diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) to perform brain-wide probabilistic tractography for 828 healthy adults from the Human Connectome Project. We then developed a framework to quantify the spatial extent of each cortical area's anatomical connections within the thalamus. Additionally, we leveraged resting-state functional MRI, cortical myelin, and human neural gene expression data to test if the extent of anatomical connections within the thalamus varied along the cortical hierarchy. Our results revealed two distinct corticothalamic tractography motifs: 1) a sensorimotor cortical motif characterized by focal thalamic connections targeting posterolateral thalamus, associated with fast, feed-forward information flow; and 2) an associative cortical motif characterized by diffuse thalamic connections targeting anteromedial thalamus, associated with slow, feed-back information flow. These findings were consistent across human subjects and were also observed in macaques, indicating cross-species generalizability. Overall, our study demonstrates that sensorimotor and association cortical areas exhibit differences in the spatial extent of their anatomical connections within the thalamus, which may support functionally-distinct cortico-thalamic information flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Howell
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Division of Neurocognition, Neurocomputation, & Neurogenetics (N3), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Shaun Warrington
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Clara Fonteneau
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Division of Neurocognition, Neurocomputation, & Neurogenetics (N3), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Youngsun T Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Division of Neurocognition, Neurocomputation, & Neurogenetics (N3), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Stamatios N Sotiropoulos
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - John D Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Division of Neurocognition, Neurocomputation, & Neurogenetics (N3), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Division of Neurocognition, Neurocomputation, & Neurogenetics (N3), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
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Rodriguez-Lopez A, Torres-Paniagua AM, Acero G, Díaz G, Gevorkian G. Increased TSPO expression, pyroglutamate-modified amyloid beta (AβN3(pE)) accumulation and transient clustering of microglia in the thalamus of Tg-SwDI mice. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 382:578150. [PMID: 37467699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies showed that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) frequently co-occur; however, the precise mechanism is not well understood. A unique animal model (Tg-SwDI mice) was developed to investigate the early-onset and robust accumulation of both parenchymal and vascular Aβ in the brain. Tg-SwDI mice have been extensively used to study the mechanisms of cerebrovascular dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline observed in AD/CAA patients and to design biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. In the present study, we documented interesting new features in the thalamus of Tg-SwDI mice: 1) a sharp increase in the expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) in microglia in 6-month-old animals; 2) microglia clustering at six months that disappeared in old animals; 3) N-truncated/modified AβN3(pE) peptide in 9-month-old female and 12-month-old male mice; 4) an age-dependent increase in translocator protein (TSPO) expression. These findings reinforce the versatility of this model for studying multiple pathological issues involved in AD and CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Rodriguez-Lopez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70228, Cuidad Universitaria, CDMX, CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Alicia M Torres-Paniagua
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70228, Cuidad Universitaria, CDMX, CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Acero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70228, Cuidad Universitaria, CDMX, CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Georgina Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70228, Cuidad Universitaria, CDMX, CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Goar Gevorkian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70228, Cuidad Universitaria, CDMX, CP 04510, Mexico.
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Castelnovo V, Canu E, De Mattei F, Filippi M, Agosta F. Basal ganglia alterations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1133758. [PMID: 37090799 PMCID: PMC10113480 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1133758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has traditionally been associated with brain damage involving the primary motor cortices and corticospinal tracts. In the recent decades, most of the research studies in ALS have focused on extra-motor and subcortical brain regions. The aim of these studies was to detect additional biomarkers able to support the diagnosis and to predict disease progression. The involvement of the frontal cortices, mainly in ALS cases who develop cognitive and/or behavioral impairment, is amply recognized in the field. A potential involvement of fronto-temporal and fronto-striatal connectivity changes in the disease evolution has also been reported. On this latter regard, there is still a shortage of studies which investigated basal ganglia (BG) alterations and their role in ALS clinical manifestation and progression. The present review aims to provide an overview on the magnetic resonance imaging studies reporting structural and/or functional BG alterations in patients with ALS, to clarify the role of BG damage in the disease clinical evolution and to propose potential future developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Castelnovo
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo De Mattei
- ALS Center, SC Neurologia 1U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federica Agosta,
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14
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Sun N, Liu M, Liu P, Zhang A, Yang C, Liu Z, Li J, Li G, Wang Y, Zhang K. Abnormal cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical circuit centered on the thalamus in MDD patients with somatic symptoms: Evidence from the REST-meta-MDD project. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:71-84. [PMID: 36395992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Somatic symptoms are common comorbidities of major depressive disorder (MDD), and negatively impact the course and severity of the disease. In order to enrich the understanding of the pathological mechanism and clarify the neurobiological basis of somatic symptoms in depression, we attempted to explore the changes of brain structure and function in a large sample between depression with and without somatic symptoms. METHODS Structure magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected from 342 patients with somatic symptoms (SD), 208 patients without somatic symptoms (NSD), and 510 healthy controls (HCs) based on the REST-meta-MDD project. We analyzed the whole brain VBM maps of the three groups, and combined with weight degree centrality (DC) index, we investigated whether the brain regions with gray matter volume (GMV) and gray matter density (GMD) abnormalities in MDD patients with somatic symptoms had corresponding brain functional abnormalities. RESULTS Between depression with and without somatic symptoms, we found that there are extensive GMV and GMD differences involving cortical regions such as the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, and insula, as well as subcortical brain regions such as thalamus and striatum. The comparison results of weight DC signals of GMV and GMD abnormal clusters between the SD and NSD groups were basically consistent with the GMV and GMD abnormal clusters. CONCLUSION The results indicate that the structure and function of cortical-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuit centered on the thalamus were abnormal in MDD patients with somatic symptoms. This may be the neurobiological basis of somatic symptoms in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Psychosomatic, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Penghong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Aixia Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; Department of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jianying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Gaizhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Kerang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
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15
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Arnts H, Coolen SE, Fernandes FW, Schuurman R, Krauss JK, Groenewegen HJ, van den Munckhof P. The intralaminar thalamus: a review of its role as a target in functional neurosurgery. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad003. [PMID: 37292456 PMCID: PMC10244065 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The intralaminar thalamus, in particular the centromedian-parafascicular complex, forms a strategic node between ascending information from the spinal cord and brainstem and forebrain circuitry that involves the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. A large body of evidence shows that this functionally heterogeneous region regulates information transmission in different cortical circuits, and is involved in a variety of functions, including cognition, arousal, consciousness and processing of pain signals. Not surprisingly, the intralaminar thalamus has been a target area for (radio)surgical ablation and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in different neurological and psychiatric disorders. Historically, ablation and stimulation of the intralaminar thalamus have been explored in patients with pain, epilepsy and Tourette syndrome. Moreover, DBS has been used as an experimental treatment for disorders of consciousness and a variety of movement disorders. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms of stimulation and ablation of the intralaminar nuclei, historical clinical evidence, and more recent (experimental) studies in animals and humans to define the present and future role of the intralaminar thalamus as a target in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisse Arnts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stan E Coolen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rick Schuurman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim K Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henk J Groenewegen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pepijn van den Munckhof
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Representations and decodability of diverse cognitive functions are preserved across the human cortex, cerebellum, and subcortex. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1245. [PMCID: PMC9663596 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWhich part of the brain contributes to our complex cognitive processes? Studies have revealed contributions of the cerebellum and subcortex to higher-order cognitive functions; however, it has been unclear whether such functional representations are preserved across the cortex, cerebellum, and subcortex. In this study, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging data with 103 cognitive tasks and construct three voxel-wise encoding and decoding models independently using cortical, cerebellar, and subcortical voxels. Representational similarity analysis reveals that the structure of task representations is preserved across the three brain parts. Principal component analysis visualizes distinct organizations of abstract cognitive functions in each part of the cerebellum and subcortex. More than 90% of the cognitive tasks are decodable from the cerebellum and subcortical activities, even for the novel tasks not included in model training. Furthermore, we show that the cerebellum and subcortex have sufficient information to reconstruct activity in the cerebral cortex.
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17
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Rohringer CR, Sewell IJ, Gandhi S, Isen J, Davidson B, McSweeney M, Swardfager W, Scantlebury N, Swartz RH, Hamani C, Giacobbe P, Nestor SM, Yunusova Y, Lam B, Schwartz ML, Lipsman N, Abrahao A, Rabin JS. Cognitive effects of unilateral thalamotomy for tremor: a meta-analysis. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac287. [PMID: 36440102 PMCID: PMC9683603 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tremor is a debilitating symptom that can lead to functional impairment. Pharmacotherapy is often successful, but up to 50% of patients are resistant to medications or cannot tolerate side effects. Thalamotomy to the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus is a surgical intervention for refractory tremor. Thalamotomy surgeries include radiofrequency and incisionless procedures, such as Gamma Knife radiosurgery and magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound. Cognitive changes following thalamotomy have been inconsistently reported across studies. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the impact of unilateral thalamotomy to the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus across multiple cognitive domains. We searched MEDLINE, Embase Classic, Embase and EBM Reviews for relevant studies. Neuropsychological tests were categorized into seven cognitive domains: global cognition, verbal memory, non-verbal memory, executive function, phonemic fluency, semantic fluency and visuospatial processing. We calculated standardized mean differences as Hedges' g and 95% confidence intervals of the change between pre- and postoperative cognitive scores. Pooling of standardized mean differences across studies was performed using random-effects models. Risk of bias across studies and quality of evidence for each cognitive domain were assessed with the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool and the GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool, respectively. Of the 1251 records reviewed, eight studies met inclusion criteria. We included 193 patients with essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis in the meta-analysis. There was a small significant decline in phonemic fluency [standardized mean difference = -0.29, 95% confidence interval: (-0.52, -0.05), P = 0.017] and a trend towards a decline in semantic fluency [standardized mean difference = -0.19, 95% confidence interval: (-0.40, 0.01), P = 0.056]. No postoperative changes were observed in the other cognitive domains (P values >0.14). In secondary analyses, we restricted the analyses to studies using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound given its growing popularity and more precise targeting. In those analyses, there was no evidence of cognitive decline across any domain (P values >0.37). In terms of risk of bias, five studies were rated as 'good' and three studies were rated as 'fair'. According to GRADEpro guidelines, the certainty of the effect for all cognitive domains was low. This study provides evidence that unilateral thalamotomy to the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus is relatively safe from a cognitive standpoint, however, there may be a small decline in verbal fluency. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound might have a more favourable postoperative cognitive profile compared with other thalamotomy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camryn R Rohringer
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Isabella J Sewell
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Shikha Gandhi
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jonah Isen
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Benjamin Davidson
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Melissa McSweeney
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Nadia Scantlebury
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Richard H Swartz
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Clement Hamani
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Peter Giacobbe
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sean M Nestor
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Yana Yunusova
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Benjamin Lam
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Michael L Schwartz
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Nir Lipsman
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Agessandro Abrahao
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
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Psychological resilience mediates the association of the middle frontal gyrus functional connectivity with sleep quality. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:2735-2743. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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19
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Wang MB, Halassa MM. Thalamocortical contribution to flexible learning in neural systems. Netw Neurosci 2022; 6:980-997. [PMID: 36875011 PMCID: PMC9976647 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal brains evolved to optimize behavior in dynamic environments, flexibly selecting actions that maximize future rewards in different contexts. A large body of experimental work indicates that such optimization changes the wiring of neural circuits, appropriately mapping environmental input onto behavioral outputs. A major unsolved scientific question is how optimal wiring adjustments, which must target the connections responsible for rewards, can be accomplished when the relation between sensory inputs, action taken, and environmental context with rewards is ambiguous. The credit assignment problem can be categorized into context-independent structural credit assignment and context-dependent continual learning. In this perspective, we survey prior approaches to these two problems and advance the notion that the brain's specialized neural architectures provide efficient solutions. Within this framework, the thalamus with its cortical and basal ganglia interactions serves as a systems-level solution to credit assignment. Specifically, we propose that thalamocortical interaction is the locus of meta-learning where the thalamus provides cortical control functions that parametrize the cortical activity association space. By selecting among these control functions, the basal ganglia hierarchically guide thalamocortical plasticity across two timescales to enable meta-learning. The faster timescale establishes contextual associations to enable behavioral flexibility, while the slower one enables generalization to new contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mien Brabeeba Wang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael M. Halassa
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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20
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Ahn HC, Kim KT. Case report: Improved behavioral and psychiatric symptoms with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at the bilateral DLPFC combined with cognitive and behavioral therapy in a patient with unilateral thalamic hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2022; 13:880161. [PMID: 35959382 PMCID: PMC9358288 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.880161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral and psychological symptoms are not uncommon after thalamic stroke, and are often intractable despite medication and behavioral interventions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is as an adjunctive therapeutic tool for neuropsychiatric diseases, and bilateral rTMS has been recently introduced to maximize the therapeutic effect. Herein, we report the case details of a patient with unilateral left thalamic hemorrhage without cortical lesions who had treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric symptoms. We hypothesized that bilateral rTMS targeting the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFCs) would positively affect thalamocortical neural connections and result in neuropsychiatric symptom improvement. The patient received a total of 10 sessions of bilateral rTMS over 2 weeks, applied at the DLPFCs, with high frequency in the left hemisphere and low frequency in the right hemisphere. After each rTMS treatment, computer-based cognitive-behavioral therapy was administered for 30 min. Behavioral and psychological symptoms, including hallucinations, aggressiveness, aberrant motor activity, disinhibition, and abrupt emotional changes, were significantly improved as assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire. These effects persisted for up to 1 month. This case demonstrates the clinical potential of bilateral rTMS treatment in patients with intractable neurocognitive impairment after thalamic stroke.
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Wu Y, Wu X, Gao L, Yan Y, Geng Z, Zhou S, Zhu W, Tian Y, Yu Y, Wei L, Wang K. Abnormal Functional Connectivity of Thalamic Subdivisions in Alzheimer's Disease: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Neuroscience 2022; 496:73-82. [PMID: 35690336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by global cognitive impairment in multiple cognitive domains. Thalamic dysfunction during AD progression has been reported. However, there are limited studies regarding dysfunction in the functional connectivity (FC) of thalamic subdivisions and the relationship between such dysfunction and clinical assessments. This study examined dysfunction in the FC of thalamic subdivisions and determined the relationship between such dysfunction and clinical assessments. Forty-eight patients with AD and 47 matched healthy controls were recruited and assessed with scales for multiple cognitive domains. Group-wise comparisons of FC with thalamic subdivisions as seed points were conducted to identify abnormal cerebral regions. Moreover, correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between abnormal FC and cognitive performance. Decreased FC of the intralaminar and medial nuclei with the left precuneus was observed in patients but not in heathy controls. The abnormal FC of the medial nuclei with the left precuneus was correlated with the Mini Mental State Examination score in the patient group. Using the FC values showing between-group differences, the linear support vector machine classifier achieved quite good in accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve. Dysfunction in the FC of the intralaminar and medial thalamus with the precuneus may comprise a potential neural substrate for cognitive impairment during AD progression, which in turn may provide new treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Xingqi Wu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Liying Gao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Yibing Yan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Department of Neurology, Second People's Hospital of Hefei City, The Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Wanqiu Zhu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China; The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China.
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22
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Conserved patterns of functional organization between cortex and thalamus in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201481119. [PMID: 35588455 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201481119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceNeuroanatomical tracing provides just a partial picture of information flow in the brain, because excitatory synapses are not all equal. Some strongly drive postsynaptic targets to transfer information, whereas others weakly modulate their responsiveness. Here, we show conserved patterns of synaptic function across somatosensory and visual thalamocortical circuits in mice involving higher-order thalamic nuclei. These nuclei serve as hubs in transthalamic or cortico-thalamo-cortical pathways. We report that feedforward transthalamic circuits in the somatosensory and visual systems operate to efficiently transmit information, whereas feedback transthalamic circuits act to modulate their target areas. These patterns may generalize to other brain systems and show how methods of synapse physiology and molecular biology can inform the exploration of brain circuitry and information processing.
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23
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Thalamic and Cerebellar Regional Involvement across the ALS-FTD Spectrum and the Effect of C9orf72. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030336. [PMID: 35326292 PMCID: PMC8945983 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are part of the same disease spectrum. While thalamic−cerebellar degeneration has been observed in C9orf72 expansion carriers, the exact subregions involved across the clinical phenotypes of the ALS−FTD spectrum remain unclear. Using MRIs from 58 bvFTD, 41 ALS−FTD and 52 ALS patients compared to 57 controls, we aimed to delineate thalamic and cerebellar subregional changes across the ALS−FTD spectrum and to contrast these profiles between cases with and without C9orf72 expansions. Thalamic involvement was evident across all ALS−FTD clinical phenotypes, with the laterodorsal nucleus commonly affected across all groups (values below the 2.5th control percentile). The mediodorsal nucleus was disproportionately affected in bvFTD and ALS−FTD but not in ALS. Cerebellar changes were only observed in bvFTD and ALS−FTD predominantly in the superior−posterior region. Comparison of genetic versus sporadic cases revealed significantly lower volumes exclusively in the pulvinar in C9orf72 expansion carriers compared to non-carriers, irrespective of clinical syndrome. Overall, bvFTD showed significant correlations between thalamic subregions, level of cognitive dysfunction and severity of behavioural symptoms. Notably, strong associations were evident between mediodorsal nucleus atrophy and severity of behavioural changes in C9orf72-bvFTD (r = −0.9, p < 0.0005). Our findings reveal distinct thalamic and cerebellar atrophy profiles across the ALS−FTD spectrum, with differential impacts on behaviour and cognition, and point to a unique contribution of C9orf72 expansions in the clinical profiles of these patients.
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Kim DJ, Lim M, Kim JS, Chung CK. Structural and functional thalamocortical connectivity study in female fibromyalgia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23323. [PMID: 34857797 PMCID: PMC8640058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional thalamocortical interactions have been suggested as putative mechanisms of ineffective pain modulation and also suggested as possible pathophysiology of fibromyalgia (FM). However, it remains unclear which specific thalamocortical networks are altered and whether it is related to abnormal pain perception in people with FM. Here, we conducted combined vertex-wise subcortical shape, cortical thickness, structural covariance, and resting-state functional connectivity analyses to address these questions. FM group exhibited a regional shape deflation of the left posterior thalamus encompassing the ventral posterior lateral and pulvinar nuclei. The structural covariance analysis showed that the extent of regional deflation of the left posterior thalamus was negatively covaried with the left inferior parietal cortical thickness in the FM group, whereas those two regions were positively covaried in the healthy controls. In functional connectivity analysis with the left posterior thalamus as a seed, FM group had less connectivity with the periaqueductal gray compared with healthy controls, but enhanced connectivity between the posterior thalamus and bilateral inferior parietal regions, associated with a lower electrical pain threshold at the hand dorsum (pain-free point). Overall, our findings showed the structural thalamic alteration interacts with the cortical regions in a functionally maladaptive direction, leading the FM brain more responsive to external stimuli and potentially contributing to pain amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajung J Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Manyoel Lim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - June Sic Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Social Communication Dysfunction in Primary Progressive Aphasia. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11121600. [PMID: 34942902 PMCID: PMC8699060 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that, in parallel with well-defined changes in language, primary progressive aphasia (PPA) syndromes display co-occurring social cognitive impairments. Here, we explored multidimensional profiles of carer-rated social communication using the La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ) in 11 semantic dementia (SD), 12 logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA) and 9 progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) cases and contrasted their performance with 19 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases, 26 behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) cases and 31 healthy older controls. Relative to the controls, the majority of patient groups displayed significant overall social communication difficulties, with common and unique profiles of impairment evident on the LCQ subscales. Correlation analyses revealed a differential impact of social communication disturbances on functional outcomes in patient and carer well-being, most pronounced for SD and bvFTD. Finally, voxel-based morphometry analyses based on a structural brain MRI pointed to the degradation of a distributed brain network in mediating social communication dysfunction in dementia. Our findings suggest that social communication difficulties are an important feature of PPA, with significant implications for patient function and carer well-being. The origins of these changes are likely to be multifactorial, reflecting the breakdown of fronto-thalamic brain circuits specialised in the integration of complex information.
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26
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Gămănuţ R, Shimaoka D. Anatomical and functional connectomes underlying hierarchical visual processing in mouse visual system. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 227:1297-1315. [PMID: 34846596 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, there has been a surge in interest in the rodent visual system resulting from the discovery of visual processing functions shared with primates V1, and of a complex anatomical structure in the extrastriate visual cortex. This surprisingly intricate visual system was elucidated by recent investigations using rapidly growing genetic tools primarily available in the mouse. Here, we examine the structural and functional connections of visual areas that have been identified in mice mostly during the past decade, and the impact of these findings on our understanding of brain functions associated with vision. Special attention is paid to structure-function relationships arising from the hierarchical organization, which is a prominent feature of the primate visual system. Recent evidence supports the existence of a hierarchical organization in rodents that contains levels that are poorly resolved relative to those observed in primates. This shallowness of the hierarchy indicates that the mouse visual system incorporates abundant non-hierarchical processing. Thus, the mouse visual system provides a unique opportunity to study non-hierarchical processing and its relation to hierarchical processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Răzvan Gămănuţ
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daisuke Shimaoka
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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27
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Kilic H, Yilmaz K, Asgarova P, Kizilkilic O, Hatay GH, Ozturk-Isik E, Yalcinkaya C, Saltik S. Electrical status epilepticus in sleep: The role of thalamus in etiopathogenesis. Seizure 2021; 93:44-50. [PMID: 34687985 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In patients diagnosed with epilepsy, decreased ratio of N-acetyl aspartate to creatine (NAA/Cr) measured in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been accepted as a sign of neuronal cell loss or dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to determine whether a similar neuronal cell loss is present in a group of encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) patients METHODS: We performed this case-control study at a tertiary pediatric neurology center with patients with ESES. Inclusion criteria for the patient group were as follows: 1) a spike-wave index of at least 50%, 2) acquired neuropsychological regression, 3) normal cranial MRI. Eventually, a total of 21 patients with ESES and 17 control subjects were enrolled in the study. MRI of all control subjects was also within normal limits. 3D Slicer program was used for the analysis of thalamic and brain volumes. LCModel spectral fitting software was used to analyze single-voxel MRS data from the right and left thalamus of the subjects. RESULTS The mean age was 8.0 ± 1.88 years and 8.3 ± 1.70 years in ESES patients and the control subjects. After correcting for the main potential confounders (age and gender) with a linear regression model, NAA/Creatine ratio of the right thalamus was significantly lower in the ESES patient group compared to the healthy control group (p = 0.026). Likewise, the left thalamus NAA/Cr ratio was significantly lower in the ESES patient group than the healthy control group (p = 0.007). After correcting for age and gender, right thalamic volume was not statistically significantly smaller in ESES patients than in healthy controls (p = 0.337), but left thalamic volume was smaller in ESES patients than in healthy controls (p = 0.024). CONCLUSION In ESES patients, the NAA/Creatine ratio, which is an indicator of neuronal cell loss or dysfunction in the right and left thalamus, which appears regular on MRI, was found to be significantly lower than the healthy control group. This metabolic-induced thalamic dysfunction, which was reported for the first time up to date, may play a role in ESES epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Kubra Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Parvana Asgarova
- Department of Neuroradiology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Kizilkilic
- Department of Neuroradiology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokçe Hale Hatay
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Ozturk-Isik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Yalcinkaya
- Department of Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Saltik
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Imaging faster neural dynamics with fast fMRI: A need for updated models of the hemodynamic response. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 207:102174. [PMID: 34525404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fast fMRI enables the detection of neural dynamics over timescales of hundreds of milliseconds, suggesting it may provide a new avenue for studying subsecond neural processes in the human brain. The magnitudes of these fast fMRI dynamics are far greater than predicted by canonical models of the hemodynamic response. Several studies have established nonlinear properties of the hemodynamic response that have significant implications for fast fMRI. We first review nonlinear properties of the hemodynamic response function that may underlie fast fMRI signals. We then illustrate the breakdown of canonical hemodynamic response models in the context of fast neural dynamics. We will then argue that the canonical hemodynamic response function is not likely to reflect the BOLD response to neuronal activity driven by sparse or naturalistic stimuli or perhaps to spontaneous neuronal fluctuations in the resting state. These properties suggest that fast fMRI is capable of tracking surprisingly fast neuronal dynamics, and we discuss the neuroscientific questions that could be addressed using this approach.
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29
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Blot A, Roth MM, Gasler I, Javadzadeh M, Imhof F, Hofer SB. Visual intracortical and transthalamic pathways carry distinct information to cortical areas. Neuron 2021; 109:1996-2008.e6. [PMID: 33979633 PMCID: PMC8221812 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sensory processing involves information flow between neocortical areas, assumed to rely on direct intracortical projections. However, cortical areas may also communicate indirectly via higher-order nuclei in the thalamus, such as the pulvinar or lateral posterior nucleus (LP) in the visual system of rodents. The fine-scale organization and function of these cortico-thalamo-cortical pathways remains unclear. We find that responses of mouse LP neurons projecting to higher visual areas likely derive from feedforward input from primary visual cortex (V1) combined with information from many cortical and subcortical areas, including superior colliculus. Signals from LP projections to different higher visual areas are tuned to specific features of visual stimuli and their locomotor context, distinct from the signals carried by direct intracortical projections from V1. Thus, visual transthalamic pathways are functionally specific to their cortical target, different from feedforward cortical pathways, and combine information from multiple brain regions, linking sensory signals with behavioral context. Transthalamic pathway through pulvinar indirectly connects lower to higher cortical areas This pathway combines input from V1 with that of many cortical and subcortical areas Pulvinar conveys distinct visual and motor information to different higher visual areas Direct intracortical and transthalamic pathways convey different information
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Blot
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ioana Gasler
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mitra Javadzadeh
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabia Imhof
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sonja B Hofer
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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30
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Bastos AM, Donoghue JA, Brincat SL, Mahnke M, Yanar J, Correa J, Waite AS, Lundqvist M, Roy J, Brown EN, Miller EK. Neural effects of propofol-induced unconsciousness and its reversal using thalamic stimulation. eLife 2021; 10:60824. [PMID: 33904411 PMCID: PMC8079153 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific circuit mechanisms through which anesthetics induce unconsciousness have not been completely characterized. We recorded neural activity from the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices and thalamus while maintaining unconsciousness in non-human primates (NHPs) with the anesthetic propofol. Unconsciousness was marked by slow frequency (~1 Hz) oscillations in local field potentials, entrainment of local spiking to Up states alternating with Down states of little or no spiking activity, and decreased coherence in frequencies above 4 Hz. Thalamic stimulation ‘awakened’ anesthetized NHPs and reversed the electrophysiologic features of unconsciousness. Unconsciousness is linked to cortical and thalamic slow frequency synchrony coupled with decreased spiking, and loss of higher-frequency dynamics. This may disrupt cortical communication/integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M Bastos
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jacob A Donoghue
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Scott L Brincat
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Meredith Mahnke
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jorge Yanar
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Josefina Correa
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ayan S Waite
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Mikael Lundqvist
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jefferson Roy
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Emery N Brown
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.,The Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,The Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Earl K Miller
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
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31
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Jurng J, Park H, Kim T, Park I, Moon SY, Lho SK, Kim M, Kwon JS. Smaller volume of posterior thalamic nuclei in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 30:102686. [PMID: 34215156 PMCID: PMC8102624 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thalamic subregional volumes were compared between medication-free OCD and HC groups. Left posterior thalamic nuclei volumes were smaller in OCD patients compared to HCs. The smaller thalamic subregional volumes were associated with later onset of OCD. Posterior thalamic nuclei volume may reflect OCD subtype related to the age of onset.
Aim Although the thalamus is a key structure in the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), reports regarding thalamic volume alterations in OCD patients have been inconsistent. Because the thalamus has a complex structure with distinct functions, we investigated subregional volume changes in the thalamus and their relationship with clinical attributes in a large sample of medication-free OCD patients. Methods We collected T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data from 177 OCD patients and 152 healthy controls (HCs). Using FreeSurfer, we segmented the thalamus into 12 nuclei groups; subregional volumes were compared between groups using an analysis of covariance. The relationships between altered thalamic volumes and OC symptom severity and OCD onset age were investigated. Results Compared to HCs, OCD patients showed a smaller volume of the left posterior thalamic nuclei. Other thalamic subregions did not show significant group differences. There was a significant negative correlation between the volume of the left posterior thalamic nuclei and the age of OCD onset but no significant correlation with OC symptom severity. Conclusions This is the first study to report reduced volume of the posterior thalamic nuclei in a large sample of medication-free OCD patients. Our results suggest that the volume of posterior thalamic nuclei may reflect different pathophysiological mechanisms of OCD subtypes related to the age of onset. Additional studies with pediatric samples are required to clarify the relationship between thalamic alterations and the onset age of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyung Jurng
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungyou Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekwan Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyung Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Moon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Silvia Kyungjin Lho
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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32
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O'Reilly C, Iavarone E, Yi J, Hill SL. Rodent somatosensory thalamocortical circuitry: Neurons, synapses, and connectivity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 126:213-235. [PMID: 33766672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
As our understanding of the thalamocortical system deepens, the questions we face become more complex. Their investigation requires the adoption of novel experimental approaches complemented with increasingly sophisticated computational modeling. In this review, we take stock of current data and knowledge about the circuitry of the somatosensory thalamocortical loop in rodents, discussing common principles across modalities and species whenever appropriate. We review the different levels of organization, including the cells, synapses, neuroanatomy, and network connectivity. We provide a complete overview of this system that should be accessible for newcomers to this field while nevertheless being comprehensive enough to serve as a reference for seasoned neuroscientists and computational modelers studying the thalamocortical system. We further highlight key gaps in data and knowledge that constitute pressing targets for future experimental work. Filling these gaps would provide invaluable information for systematically unveiling how this system supports behavioral and cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian O'Reilly
- Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Ronin Institute, Montclair, NJ, USA; Blue Brain Project, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Elisabetta Iavarone
- Blue Brain Project, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jane Yi
- Brain Mind Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sean L Hill
- Blue Brain Project, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
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33
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Antonucci LA, Penzel N, Pigoni A, Dominke C, Kambeitz J, Pergola G. Flexible and specific contributions of thalamic subdivisions to human cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:35-53. [PMID: 33497787 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The thalamus participates in multiple functional brain networks supporting different cognitive abilities. How thalamo-cortical connections map onto the architecture of human cognition remains an outstanding question. The aim of this meta-analysis is to map co-activation between thalamic and extra-thalamic brain regions onto separate cognitive domains and to assess thalamic subdivision specificity within each of the cognitive domains considered. We parsed 93 fMRI studies into twelve cognitive domains. Signed Differential Mapping served to obtain co-activation maps. We then projected the contribution of thalamic subdivisions onto a thalamic atlas to assess cognitive domain specificity. A set of brain regions was flexibly involved with thalamus in several cognitive domains. Thalamic subdivisions showed ample cognitive heterogeneity. Our proposed model represents thalamic involvement in cognition as an "ensemble" of functional subdivisions with common cell properties embedded in separate cortical circuits rather than a homogeneous functional unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Antonucci
- Department of Education, Psychology and Communication - University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Section for Neurodiagnostic Applications, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs - University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
| | - Nora Penzel
- Section for Neurodiagnostic Applications, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Alessandro Pigoni
- Section for Neurodiagnostic Applications, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health - Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Dominke
- Section for Neurodiagnostic Applications, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Joseph Kambeitz
- Department of Psychiatry University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs - University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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34
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Tian Q, Studenski SA, Montero-Odasso M, Davatzikos C, Resnick SM, Ferrucci L. Cognitive and neuroimaging profiles of older adults with dual decline in memory and gait speed. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 97:49-55. [PMID: 33152563 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that dual decline in memory and gait speed was associated with an increased risk of dementia compared to memory or gait decline only or no decline. We now characterized cognitive and neuroimaging profiles of dual decliners by comparing longitudinal rates of change in various cognitive domains (n = 664) and brain volumes (n = 391; selected frontal, temporal, parietal, subcortical, and cerebellar areas) in Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging participants who experienced age-related dual decline to others. Compared to others, dual decliners had steeper declines in verbal fluency, attention, and sensorimotor function by Pegboard nondominant hand performance. Dual decliners had greater brain volume loss in superior frontal gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, precuneus, thalamus, and cerebellum (all p ≤ 0.01). Participants with age-related dual decline experienced steeper declines in multiple cognitive domains and greater brain volume loss in cognitive, sensorimotor, and locomotion areas. Impaired sensorimotor integration and locomotion are underlying features of dual decline. Whether these features contribute to the increased risk of dementia should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu Tian
- Translational Gerontology Branch Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Stephanie A Studenski
- Translational Gerontology Branch Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Manuel Montero-Odasso
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Parkwood Hospital, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch Longitudinal Studies Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
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35
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Pillay S, Bhagwandin A, Bertelsen MF, Patzke N, Engler G, Engel AK, Manger PR. The diencephalon of two carnivore species: The feliform banded mongoose and the caniform domestic ferret. J Comp Neurol 2020; 529:52-86. [PMID: 32964417 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study provides an analysis of the cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and chemoarchitecture of the diencephalon (dorsal thalamus, ventral thalamus, and epithalamus) of the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo) and domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Using architectural and immunohistochemical stains, we observe that the nuclear organization of the diencephalon is very similar in the two species, and similar to that reported in other carnivores, such as the domestic cat and dog. The same complement of putatively homologous nuclei were identified in both species, with only one variance, that being the presence of the perireticular nucleus in the domestic ferret, that was not observed in the banded mongoose. The chemoarchitecture was also mostly consistent between species, although there were a number of minor variations across a range of nuclei in the density of structures expressing the calcium-binding proteins parvalbumin, calbindin, and calretinin. Thus, despite almost 53 million years since these two species of carnivores shared a common ancestor, strong phylogenetic constraints appear to limit the potential for adaptive evolutionary plasticity within the carnivore order. Apart from the presence of the perireticular nucleus, the most notable difference between the species studied was the physical inversion of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, as well as the lateral posterior and pulvinar nuclei in the domestic ferret compared to the banded mongoose and other carnivores, although this inversion appears to be a feature of the Mustelidae family. While no functional sequelae are suggested, this inversion is likely to result from the altricial birth of Mustelidae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashrika Pillay
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Adhil Bhagwandin
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mads F Bertelsen
- Centre for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nina Patzke
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Engler
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas K Engel
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul R Manger
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Dolleman-van der Weel MJ, Witter MP. The thalamic midline nucleus reuniens: potential relevance for schizophrenia and epilepsy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:422-439. [PMID: 33031816 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anatomical, electrophysiological and behavioral studies in rodents have shown that the thalamic midline nucleus reuniens (RE) is a crucial link in the communication between hippocampal formation (HIP, i.e., CA1, subiculum) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), important structures for cognitive and executive functions. A common feature in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative brain diseases is a dysfunctional connectivity/communication between HIP and mPFC, and disturbances in the cognitive domain. Therefore, it is assumed that aberrant functioning of RE may contribute to behavioral/cognitive impairments in brain diseases characterized by cortico-thalamo-hippocampal circuit dysfunctions. In the human brain the connections of RE are largely unknown. Yet, recent studies have found important similarities in the functional connectivity of HIP-mPFC-RE in humans and rodents, making cautious extrapolating experimental findings from animal models to humans justifiable. The focus of this review is on a potential involvement of RE in schizophrenia and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Dolleman-van der Weel
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway.
| | - M P Witter
- Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience and Centre for Neural Computation, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway.
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Caciagli L, Allen LA, He X, Trimmel K, Vos SB, Centeno M, Galovic M, Sidhu MK, Thompson PJ, Bassett DS, Winston GP, Duncan JS, Koepp MJ, Sperling MR. Thalamus and focal to bilateral seizures: A multiscale cognitive imaging study. Neurology 2020; 95:e2427-e2441. [PMID: 32847951 PMCID: PMC7682917 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the functional correlates of recurrent secondarily generalized seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using task-based fMRI as a framework to test for epilepsy-specific network rearrangements. Because the thalamus modulates propagation of temporal lobe onset seizures and promotes cortical synchronization during cognition, we hypothesized that occurrence of secondarily generalized seizures, i.e., focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS), would relate to thalamic dysfunction, altered connectivity, and whole-brain network centrality. METHODS FBTCS occur in a third of patients with TLE and are a major determinant of disease severity. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 113 patients with drug-resistant TLE (55 left/58 right), who performed a verbal fluency fMRI task that elicited robust thalamic activation. Thirty-three patients (29%) had experienced at least one FBTCS in the year preceding the investigation. We compared patients with TLE-FBTCS to those without FBTCS via a multiscale approach, entailing analysis of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 12-derived measures of activation, task-modulated thalamic functional connectivity (psychophysiologic interaction), and graph-theoretical metrics of centrality. RESULTS Individuals with TLE-FBTCS had less task-related activation of bilateral thalamus, with left-sided emphasis, and left hippocampus than those without FBTCS. In TLE-FBTCS, we also found greater task-related thalamotemporal and thalamomotor connectivity, and higher thalamic degree and betweenness centrality. Receiver operating characteristic curves, based on a combined thalamic functional marker, accurately discriminated individuals with and without FBTCS. CONCLUSIONS In TLE-FBTCS, impaired task-related thalamic recruitment coexists with enhanced thalamotemporal connectivity and whole-brain thalamic network embedding. Altered thalamic functional profiles are proposed as imaging biomarkers of active secondary generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Caciagli
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Luke A Allen
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xiaosong He
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Karin Trimmel
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sjoerd B Vos
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Maria Centeno
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marian Galovic
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Meneka K Sidhu
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Danielle S Bassett
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gavin P Winston
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John S Duncan
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Matthias J Koepp
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael R Sperling
- From the Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.) and Neuroradiological Academic Unit (S.B.V.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London; MRI Unit (L.C., L.A.A., K.T., S.B.V., M.C., M.G., M.K.S., P.J.T., G.P.W., J.S.D., M.J.K.), Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK; Departments of Bioengineering (L.C., X.H., D.S.B.), Physics and Astronomy (D.S.B.), Electrical and Systems Engineering (D.S.B.), Neurology (D.S.B.), and Psychiatry (D.S.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Neurology (K.T.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Centre for Medical Image Computing (S.B.V.), University College London, UK; Department of Neurology (M.G.), University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Santa Fe Institute (D.S.B.), NM; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.P.W.), Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; and Department of Neurology (M.R.S.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Gilad A, Maor I, Mizrahi A. Learning-related population dynamics in the auditory thalamus. eLife 2020; 9:56307. [PMID: 32639231 PMCID: PMC7371423 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning to associate sensory stimuli with a chosen action involves a dynamic interplay between cortical and thalamic circuits. While the cortex has been widely studied in this respect, how the thalamus encodes learning-related information is still largely unknown. We studied learning-related activity in the medial geniculate body (MGB; Auditory thalamus), targeting mainly the dorsal and medial regions. Using fiber photometry, we continuously imaged population calcium dynamics as mice learned a go/no-go auditory discrimination task. The MGB was tuned to frequency and responded to cognitive features like the choice of the mouse within several hundred milliseconds. Encoding of choice in the MGB increased with learning, and was highly correlated with the learning curves of the mice. MGB also encoded motor parameters of the mouse during the task. These results provide evidence that the MGB encodes task- motor- and learning-related information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Gilad
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ido Maor
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Mizrahi
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Yates K, Lång U, DeVylder J, Clarke M, McNicholas F, Cannon M, Oh H, Kelleher I. Prevalence and psychopathologic significance of hallucinations in individuals with a history of seizures. Epilepsia 2020; 61:1464-1471. [PMID: 32524599 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A relationship between seizure activity and hallucinations is well established. The psychopathologic significance of hallucinations in individuals with seizures, however, is unclear. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of auditory and visual hallucinations in individuals who reported a seizure history and investigated their relationship with a number of mental disorders, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. METHODS Data were from the "Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey," a population-based cross-sectional survey. Auditory and visual hallucinations were assessed using the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire. Mental health disorders were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule. Logistic regressions assessed relationships between hallucinatory experiences and mental disorders, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. RESULTS A total of 14 812 adults (58% female; mean [standard error of the mean; SEM] age 51.8 [0.15]) completed the study; 1.39% reported having ever had seizures (54% female), and 8% of individuals with a seizure history reported hallucinatory experiences (odds ratio [OR] 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-3.38). Individuals with seizures had an increased odds of having any mental disorder (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.73-3.16), suicidal ideation (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.77-3.20), and suicide attempt (OR 4.15, 95% CI 2.91-5.92). Compared to individuals with seizures who did not report hallucinatory experiences, individuals with seizures who reported hallucinatory experiences had an increased odds of any mental disorder (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.14-10.56), suicidal ideation (OR 2.58, 95% CI 0.87-7.63), and suicide attempt (OR 4.61, 95% CI 1.56-13.65). Overall, more than half of individuals with a seizure history who reported hallucinatory experiences had at least one suicide attempt. Adjusting for psychopathology severity did not account for the relationship between hallucinatory experiences and suicide attempts. SIGNIFICANCE Hallucinatory experiences in individuals with seizures are markers of high risk for mental health disorders and suicidal behavior. There is a particularly strong relationship between hallucinations and suicide attempts in individuals with seizures. Clinicians working with individuals with seizures should routinely ask about hallucinatory experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Yates
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ulla Lång
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jordan DeVylder
- Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Department of Psychology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fiona McNicholas
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Lucena Clinic, St. John of God Community Mental Health Services, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Child Psychiatry, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ian Kelleher
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Lucena Clinic, St. John of God Community Mental Health Services, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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40
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Abstract
Contemporary brain research seeks to understand how cognition is reducible to neural activity. Crucially, much of this effort is guided by a scientific paradigm that views neural activity as essentially driven by external stimuli. In contrast, recent perspectives argue that this paradigm is by itself inadequate and that understanding patterns of activity intrinsic to the brain is needed to explain cognition. Yet, despite this critique, the stimulus-driven paradigm still dominates-possibly because a convincing alternative has not been clear. Here, we review a series of findings suggesting such an alternative. These findings indicate that neural activity in the hippocampus occurs in one of three brain states that have radically different anatomical, physiological, representational, and behavioral correlates, together implying different functional roles in cognition. This three-state framework also indicates that neural representations in the hippocampus follow a surprising pattern of organization at the timescale of ∼1 s or longer. Lastly, beyond the hippocampus, recent breakthroughs indicate three parallel states in the cortex, suggesting shared principles and brain-wide organization of intrinsic neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kay
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Loren M Frank
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Halassa MM, Sherman SM. Thalamocortical Circuit Motifs: A General Framework. Neuron 2020; 103:762-770. [PMID: 31487527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The role of the thalamus in cortical sensory transmission is well known, but its broader role in cognition is less appreciated. Recent studies have shown thalamic engagement in dynamic regulation of cortical activity in attention, executive control, and perceptual decision-making, but the circuit mechanisms underlying such functionality are unknown. Because the thalamus is composed of excitatory neurons that are devoid of local recurrent excitatory connectivity, delineating long-range, input-output connectivity patterns of single thalamic neurons is critical for building functional models. We discuss this need in relation to existing organizational schemes such as core versus matrix and first-order versus higher-order relay nuclei. We propose that a new classification is needed based on thalamocortical motifs, where structure naturally informs function. Overall, our synthesis puts understanding thalamic organization at the forefront of existing research in systems and computational neuroscience, with both basic and translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Halassa
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science and the McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - S Murray Sherman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Ritter-Makinson S, Clemente-Perez A, Higashikubo B, Cho FS, Holden SS, Bennett E, Chkhaidze A, Eelkman Rooda OHJ, Cornet MC, Hoebeek FE, Yamakawa K, Cilio MR, Delord B, Paz JT. Augmented Reticular Thalamic Bursting and Seizures in Scn1a-Dravet Syndrome. Cell Rep 2020; 26:54-64.e6. [PMID: 30605686 PMCID: PMC6555418 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of function in the Scn1a gene leads to a severe epileptic encephalopathy called Dravet syndrome (DS). Reduced excitability in cortical inhibitory neurons is thought to be the major cause of DS seizures. Here, in contrast, we show enhanced excitability in thalamic inhibitory neurons that promotes the non-convulsive seizures that are a prominent yet poorly understood feature of DS. In a mouse model of DS with a loss of function in Scn1a, reticular thalamic cells exhibited abnormally long bursts of firing caused by the downregulation of calcium-activated potassium SK channels. Our study supports a mechanism in which loss of SK activity causes the reticular thalamic neurons to become hyperexcitable and promote non-convulsive seizures in DS. We propose that reduced excitability of inhibitory neurons is not global in DS and that non-GABAergic mechanisms such as SK channels may be important targets for treatment. In a mouse model of Dravet syndrome (DS) resulting from voltage-gated sodium channel deficiency, Ritter-Makinson et al. find that inhibitory neurons of the reticular thalamic nucleus are paradoxically hyperexcitable due to compensatory reductions in a potassium SK current. Boosting this SK current treats nonconvulsive seizures in DS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Ritter-Makinson
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alexandra Clemente-Perez
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bryan Higashikubo
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Frances S Cho
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Stephanie S Holden
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Eric Bennett
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ana Chkhaidze
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Oscar H J Eelkman Rooda
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marie-Coralie Cornet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Freek E Hoebeek
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; NIDOD Institute, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kazuhiro Yamakawa
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - Maria Roberta Cilio
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bruno Delord
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Sorbonne University, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jeanne T Paz
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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43
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Onofrj M, Espay AJ, Bonanni L, Delli Pizzi S, Sensi SL. Hallucinations, somatic-functional disorders of PD-DLB as expressions of thalamic dysfunction. Mov Disord 2019; 34:1100-1111. [PMID: 31307115 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hallucinations, delusions, and functional neurological manifestations (conversion and somatic symptom disorders) of Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies increase in frequency with disease progression, predict the onset of cognitive decline, and eventually blend with and are concealed by dementia. These symptoms share the absence of reality constraints and can be considered comparable elements of the PD-dementia with Lewy bodies psychosis. We propose that PD-dementia with Lewy bodies psychotic disorders depend on thalamic dysfunction promoting a theta burst mode and subsequent thalamocortical dysrhythmia with focal cortical coherence to theta electroencephalogram rhythms. This theta electroencephalogram activity, also called fast-theta or pre-alpha, has been shown to predict cognitive decline and fluctuations in Parkinson's disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. These electroencephalogram alterations are now considered a predictive marker for progression to dementia. The resulting thalamocortical dysrhythmia inhibits the frontal attentional network and favors the decoupling of the default mode network. As the default mode network is involved in integration of self-referential information into conscious perception, unconstrained default mode network activity, as revealed by recent imaging studies, leads to random formation of connections that link strong autobiographical correlates to trivial stimuli, thereby producing hallucinations, delusions, and functional neurological disorders. The thalamocortical dysrhythmia default mode network decoupling hypothesis provides the rationale for the design and testing of novel therapeutic pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions in the context of PD, PD with dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alberto J Espay
- Department of Neurology, James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Institute for Mind Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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Czekóová K, Shaw DJ, Saxunová K, Dufek M, Mareček R, Vaníček J, Brázdil M. Impaired Self-Other Distinction and Subcortical Gray-Matter Alterations Characterize Socio-Cognitive Disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2019; 10:525. [PMID: 31164860 PMCID: PMC6536606 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recent studies of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have revealed disturbances in distinct components of social cognition, such as impaired mentalizing and empathy. The present study investigated this socio-cognitive profile in MS patients in more detail, by examining their performance on tasks measuring more fundamental components of social cognition and any associated disruptions to gray-matter volume (GMV). Methods: We compared 43 patients with relapse-remitting MS with 43 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) on clinical characteristics (depression, fatigue), cognitive processing speed, and three aspects of low-level social cognition; specifically, imitative tendencies, visual perspective taking, and emotion recognition. Using voxel-based morphometry, we then explored relationships between GMV and these clinical and behavioral measures. Results: Patients exhibited significantly slower processing speed, poorer perspective taking, and less imitation compared with HCs. These impairments were related to reduced GMV throughout the putamen, thalami, and anterior insula, predominantly in the left hemisphere. Surprisingly, differences between the groups in emotion recognition were not significant. Conclusion: Less imitation and poorer perspective taking indicate a cognitive self-bias when faced with conflicting self- and other-representations. This suggests that impaired self-other distinction, and an associated subcortical pattern of GM atrophy, might underlie the socio-cognitive disturbances observed in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Czekóová
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Daniel Joel Shaw
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kristína Saxunová
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Michal Dufek
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Radek Mareček
- Multimodal and Functional Neuroimaging, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jiří Vaníček
- Department of Imaging Methods, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Behavioral and Social Neuroscience, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
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45
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Dehghani N, Wimmer RD. A Computational Perspective of the Role of the Thalamus in Cognition. Neural Comput 2019; 31:1380-1418. [PMID: 31113299 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The thalamus has traditionally been considered as only a relay source of cortical inputs, with hierarchically organized cortical circuits serially transforming thalamic signals to cognitively relevant representations. Given the absence of local excitatory connections within the thalamus, the notion of thalamic relay seemed like a reasonable description over the past several decades. Recent advances in experimental approaches and theory provide a broader perspective on the role of the thalamus in cognitively relevant cortical computations and suggest that only a subset of thalamic circuit motifs fits the relay description. Here, we discuss this perspective and highlight the potential role for the thalamus, and specifically the mediodorsal (MD) nucleus, in the dynamic selection of cortical representations through a combination of intrinsic thalamic computations and output signals that change cortical network functional parameters. We suggest that through the contextual modulation of cortical computation, the thalamus and cortex jointly optimize the information and cost trade-off in an emergent fashion. We emphasize that coordinated experimental and theoretical efforts will provide a path to understanding the role of the thalamus in cognition, along with an understanding to augment cognitive capacity in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Dehghani
- Department of Physics and Center for Brains, Minds and Machines (CBMM), MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A.
| | - Ralf D Wimmer
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, U.S.A.
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46
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Yufik YM. The Understanding Capacity and Information Dynamics in the Human Brain. ENTROPY 2019; 21:e21030308. [PMID: 33267023 PMCID: PMC7514789 DOI: 10.3390/e21030308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article proposes a theory of neuronal processes underlying cognition, focusing on the mechanisms of understanding in the human brain. Understanding is a product of mental modeling. The paper argues that mental modeling is a form of information production inside the neuronal system extending the reach of human cognition “beyond the information given” (Bruner, J.S., Beyond the Information Given, 1973). Mental modeling enables forms of learning and prediction (learning with understanding and prediction via explanation) that are unique to humans, allowing robust performance under unfamiliar conditions having no precedents in the past history. The proposed theory centers on the notions of self-organization and emergent properties of collective behavior in the neuronal substrate. The theory motivates new approaches in the design of intelligent artifacts (machine understanding) that are complementary to those underlying the technology of machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan M Yufik
- Virtual Structures Research, Inc., Potomac, MD 20854, USA
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47
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Psychiatric and Cognitive Symptoms Associated with Niemann-Pick Type C Disease: Neurobiology and Management. CNS Drugs 2019; 33:125-142. [PMID: 30632019 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-018-0599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a lysosomal storage disorder that presents with a spectrum of clinical manifestations from infancy and childhood or in early or mid-adulthood. Progressive neurological symptoms including ataxia, dystonia and vertical gaze palsy are a hallmark of the disease, and psychiatric symptoms such as psychosis and mood disorders are common. These latter symptoms often present early in the course of NPC and thus these patients are often diagnosed with a major psychotic or affective disorder before neurological and cognitive signs present and the diagnosis is revised. The commonalities and characteristics of psychotic symptoms in both NPC and schizophrenia may share neuronal pathways and mechanisms and provide potential targets for research in both disorders. The neurobiology of NPC and its relationship to the pattern of neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms is described in this review. A number of neurobiological models are proposed as mechanisms by which NPC causes psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, informed from models proposed in schizophrenia and other metabolic disorders. There are a number of symptomatic and illness-modifying treatments for NPC currently available. The current evidence is discussed; focussing on two medications which have shown promise, miglustat and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.
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48
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Yin W, Chen MH, Hung SC, Baluyot KR, Li T, Lin W. Brain functional development separates into three distinct time periods in the first two years of life. Neuroimage 2019; 189:715-726. [PMID: 30641240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, resting functional MRI has provided invaluable insight into the brain developmental processes of early infancy and childhood. A common feature of previous functional development studies is the use of age to separate subjects into different cohorts for group comparisons. However, functional maturation paces vary tremendously from subject to subject. Since this is particularly true for the first years of life, an alternative to physical age alone is needed for cluster analysis. Here, a data-driven approach based on individual brain functional connectivity was employed to cluster typically developing children who were longitudinally imaged using MRI without sedation for the first two years of life. Specifically, three time periods were determined based on the distinction of brain functional connectivity patterns, including 0-1 month (group 1), 2-7 months (group 2), and 8-24 (group 3) of age, respectively. From groups 1 to 2, connection density increased by almost two-fold, local efficacy (LE) is significantly improved, and there was no change in global efficiency (GE). From groups 2 to 3, connection density increased slightly, LE showed no change, and a significant increase in GE were observed. Furthermore, 27 core brain regions were identified which yielded clustering results that resemble those obtained using all brain regions. These core regions were largely associated with the motor, visual and language functional domains as well as regions associated with higher order cognitive functional domains. Both visual and language functional domains exhibited a persistent and significant increase within domain connection from groups 1 to 3, while no changes were observed for the motor domain. In contrast, while a reduction of inter-domain connection was the general developmental pattern, the motor domain exhibited an interesting "V" shape pattern in its relationship to visual and language associated areas, showing a decrease from groups 1 to 2, followed by an increase from groups 2 to 3. In summary, our results offer new insights into functional brain development and identify 27 core brain regions critically important for early brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Yin
- Department of Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Meng-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Che Hung
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristine R Baluyot
- Department of Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weili Lin
- Department of Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Niu Y, Wang B, Zhou M, Xue J, Shapour H, Cao R, Cui X, Wu J, Xiang J. Dynamic Complexity of Spontaneous BOLD Activity in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Multiscale Entropy Analysis. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:677. [PMID: 30327587 PMCID: PMC6174248 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive deterioration of brain function among elderly people. Studies revealed aberrant correlations in spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) over a wide range of temporal scales. However, the study of the temporal dynamics of BOLD signals in subjects with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains largely unexplored. Multiscale entropy (MSE) analysis is a method for estimating the complexity of finite time series over multiple time scales. In this research, we applied MSE analysis to investigate the abnormal complexity of BOLD signals using the rs-fMRI data from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) database. There were 30 normal controls (NCs), 33 early MCI (EMCI), 32 late MCI (LMCI), and 29 AD patients. Following preprocessing of the BOLD signals, whole-brain MSE maps across six time scales were generated using the Complexity Toolbox. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis on the MSE maps of four groups revealed significant differences in the thalamus, insula, lingual gyrus and inferior occipital gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and olfactory cortex, supramarginal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus on multiple time scales. Compared with the NC group, MCI and AD patients had significant reductions in the complexity of BOLD signals and AD patients demonstrated lower complexity than that of the MCI subjects. Additionally, the complexity of BOLD signals from the regions of interest (ROIs) was found to be significantly associated with cognitive decline in patient groups on multiple time scales. Consequently, the complexity or MSE of BOLD signals may provide an imaging biomarker of cognitive impairments in MCI and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Niu
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengni Zhou
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiayue Xue
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Habib Shapour
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui Cao
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinglong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
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50
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Wang W, Andolina IM, Lu Y, Jones HE, Sillito AM. Focal Gain Control of Thalamic Visual Receptive Fields by Layer 6 Corticothalamic Feedback. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:267-280. [PMID: 27988493 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The projections between the thalamus and primary visual cortex (V1) are a key reciprocal neural circuit, relaying retinal signals to cortical layers 4 & 6 while being simultaneously regulated by massive layer 6 corticothalamic feedback. Effectively dissecting the influence of this corticothalamic feedback circuit in higher mammals remains a challenge for vision research. By pharmacologically increasing the focal gain of visually driven layer 6 responses of cat V1 in a controlled fashion, we examined the effects of such focal cortical changes on the response amplitudes and spatial structure of the receptive fields (RFs) of individual dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) cells. We found that enhancing visually driven cortical feedback could facilitate or suppress the overall responses of dLGN cells, and such an effect was linked to the orientation preference of the cortical neuron. Related to these selective retinotopic gain changes, enhanced feedback induced the RFs of dLGN cells to expand, contract or shift their spatial focus. Our results provide further evidence for a functional mechanism through which the cortex can selectively gate visual information flow from the thalamus back to the visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ian M Andolina
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yiliang Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Helen E Jones
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Adam M Sillito
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK
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