1
|
Juttla PK, Chege BM, Mwangi PW, Bukachi F. Dapagliflozin Pretreatment Prevents Cardiac Electrophysiological Changes in a Diet and Streptozotocin Induction of Type 2 Diabetes in Rats: A Potential New First-Line? J Exp Pharmacol 2024; 16:123-133. [PMID: 38525051 PMCID: PMC10961018 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s443169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dapagliflozin exerts cardioprotective effects in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, whether these effects prevent electrocardiographic changes associated with T2DM altogether remain unknown. Our aim was to investigate the prophylactic effect of dapagliflozin pretreatment on the rat ECG using a high-fat, high-fructose (HFHf) diet and a low dose streptozotocin (STZ) model of T2DM. Methods Twenty-five (25) rats were randomized into five (5) groups: normal control receiving a normal diet while the other groups received an 8-week HFHf and 40mg/kg STZ on day 42, and either: saline for the diabetic control (1 mg/kg/d), low dose (1.0 mg/kg/d) and high dose dapagliflozin (1.6 mg/kg/d), or metformin (250 mg/kg/d). Oral glucose tolerance (OGT), electrocardiograms (ECGs), paracardial adipose mass, and left ventricular fibrosis were determined. Data were analyzed using GraphPad version 9.0.0.121, with the level of significance at p < 0.05. Results Compared to the diabetic control group, a high dose of dapagliflozin preserved the OGT (p = 0.0001), QRS-duration (p = 0.0263), QT-interval (p = 0.0399), and QTc intervals (p = 0.0463). Furthermore, the high dose dapagliflozin group had the lowest paracardial adipose mass (p = 0.0104) and fibrotic area (p = 0.0001). In contrast, while metformin showed favorable effects on OGT (p = 0.0025), paracardial adiposity (p = 0.0153) and ventricular fibrosis (p = 0.0291), it did not demonstrate significant antiarrhythmic effects. Conclusion Pretreatment with higher doses of Dapagliflozin exhibits prophylactic cardioprotective characteristics against diabetic cardiomyopathy that include antifibrotic and antiarrhythmic qualities. This suggests that higher doses of dapagliflozin could be a more effective initial therapeutic option in T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Frederick Bukachi
- Department of Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nielsen MS, van Opbergen CJM, van Veen TAB, Delmar M. The intercalated disc: a unique organelle for electromechanical synchrony in cardiomyocytes. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2271-2319. [PMID: 36731030 PMCID: PMC10191137 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The intercalated disc (ID) is a highly specialized structure that connects cardiomyocytes via mechanical and electrical junctions. Although described in some detail by light microscopy in the 19th century, it was in 1966 that electron microscopy images showed that the ID represented apposing cell borders and provided detailed insight into the complex ID nanostructure. Since then, much has been learned about the ID and its molecular composition, and it has become evident that a large number of proteins, not all of them involved in direct cell-to-cell coupling via mechanical or gap junctions, reside at the ID. Furthermore, an increasing number of functional interactions between ID components are emerging, leading to the concept that the ID is not the sum of isolated molecular silos but an interacting molecular complex, an "organelle" where components work in concert to bring about electrical and mechanical synchrony. The aim of the present review is to give a short historical account of the ID's discovery and an updated overview of its composition and organization, followed by a discussion of the physiological implications of the ID architecture and the local intermolecular interactions. The latter will focus on both the importance of normal conduction of cardiac action potentials as well as the impact on the pathophysiology of arrhythmias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten S Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chantal J M van Opbergen
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng M, Erhardt S, Cao Y, Wang J. Emerging Signaling Regulation of Sinoatrial Node Dysfunction. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:621-630. [PMID: 37227579 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The sinoatrial node (SAN), the natural pacemaker of the heart, is responsible for generating electrical impulses and initiating each heartbeat. Sinoatrial node dysfunction (SND) causes various arrhythmias such as sinus arrest, SAN block, and tachycardia/bradycardia syndrome. Unraveling the underlying mechanisms of SND is of paramount importance in the pursuit of developing effective therapeutic strategies for patients with SND. This review provides a concise summary of the most recent progress in the signaling regulation of SND. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies indicate that SND can be caused by abnormal intercellular and intracellular signaling, various forms of heart failure (HF), and diabetes. These discoveries provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms SND, advancing our understanding of its pathogenesis. SND can cause severe cardiac arrhythmias associated with syncope and an increased risk of sudden death. In addition to ion channels, the SAN is susceptible to the influence of various signalings including Hippo, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanical force, and natriuretic peptide receptors. New cellular and molecular mechanisms related to SND are also deciphered in systemic diseases such as HF and diabetes. Progress in these studies contributes to the development of potential therapeutics for SND.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shannon Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuhan Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arbel Ganon L, Davoodi M, Alexandrovich A, Yaniv Y. Synergy between Membrane Currents Prevents Severe Bradycardia in Mouse Sinoatrial Node Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065786. [PMID: 36982861 PMCID: PMC10051777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bradycardia is initiated by the sinoatrial node (SAN), which is regulated by a coupled-clock system. Due to the clock coupling, reduction in the 'funny' current (If), which affects SAN automaticity, can be compensated, thus preventing severe bradycardia. We hypothesize that this fail-safe system is an inherent feature of SAN pacemaker cells and is driven by synergy between If and other ion channels. This work aimed to characterize the connection between membrane currents and their underlying mechanisms in SAN cells. SAN tissues were isolated from C57BL mice and Ca2+ signaling was measured in pacemaker cells within them. A computational model of SAN cells was used to understand the interactions between cell components. Beat interval (BI) was prolonged by 54 ± 18% (N = 16) and 30 ± 9% (N = 21) in response to If blockade, by ivabradine, or sodium current (INa) blockade, by tetrodotoxin, respectively. Combined drug application had a synergistic effect, manifested by a BI prolonged by 143 ± 25% (N = 18). A prolongation in the local Ca2+ release period, which reports on the level of crosstalk within the coupled-clock system, was measured and correlated with the prolongation in BI. The computational model predicted that INa increases in response to If blockade and that this connection is mediated by changes in T and L-type Ca2+ channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Arbel Ganon
- Laboratory of Bioelectric and Bioenergetic Systems, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-IIT, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Moran Davoodi
- Laboratory of Bioelectric and Bioenergetic Systems, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-IIT, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Alexandra Alexandrovich
- Laboratory of Bioelectric and Bioenergetic Systems, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-IIT, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yael Yaniv
- Laboratory of Bioelectric and Bioenergetic Systems, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-IIT, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rashmi P, Urmila A, Likhit A, Subhash B, Shailendra G. Rodent models for diabetes. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:80. [PMID: 36778766 PMCID: PMC9908807 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with many health complications and is potentially a morbid condition. As prevalence increases at an alarming rate around the world, research into new antidiabetic compounds with different mechanisms is the top priority. Therefore, the preclinical experimental induction of DM is imperative for advancing knowledge, understanding pathogenesis, and developing new drugs. Efforts have been made to examine recent literature on the various induction methods of Type I and Type II DM. The review summarizes the different in vivo models of DM induced by chemical, surgical, and genetic (immunological) manipulations and the use of pathogens such as viruses. For good preclinical assessment, the animal model must exhibit face, predictive, and construct validity. Among all reported models, chemically induced DM with streptozotocin was found to be the most preferred model. However, the purpose of the research and the outcomes to be achieved should be taken into account. This review was aimed at bringing together models, benefits, limitations, species, and strains. It will help the researcher to understand the pathophysiology of DM and to choose appropriate animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patil Rashmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune, 411038 India
| | - Aswar Urmila
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune, 411038 India
| | - Akotkar Likhit
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune, 411038 India
| | - Bodhankar Subhash
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune, 411038 India
| | - Gurav Shailendra
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Panaji, Goa India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Depressed HCN4 function in the type 2 diabetic sinoatrial node. Mol Cell Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
7
|
Menzele A, Aboalgasm H, Ballo R, Gwanyanya A. Hyperglycaemia-induced impairment of the autorhythmicity and gap junction activity of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte-like cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 159:329-337. [PMID: 36547741 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus with hyperglycaemia is a major risk factor for malignant cardiac dysrhythmias. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, especially during the embryonic developmental phase of the heart. This study investigated the effect of hyperglycaemia on the pulsatile activity of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were differentiated into cardiac-like cells through embryoid body (EB) formation, in either baseline glucose or high glucose conditions. Action potentials (APs) were recorded using a voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye and gap junction activity was evaluated using scrape-loading lucifer yellow dye transfer assay. Molecular components were detected using immunocytochemistry and immunoblot analyses. High glucose decreased the spontaneous beating rate of EBs and shortened the duration of onset of quinidine-induced asystole. Furthermore, it altered AP amplitude, but not AP duration, and had no impact on neither the expression of the hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated isoform 4 (HCN4) channel nor on the EB beating rate response to ivabradine nor isoprenaline. High glucose also decreased both the intercellular spread of lucifer yellow within an EB and the expression of the cardiac gap junction protein connexin 43 as well as upregulated the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and phosphorylated Smad3. High glucose suppressed the autorhythmicity and gap junction conduction of mESC-derived cardiomyocytes, via mechanisms probably involving TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling. The results allude to glucotoxicity related proarrhythmic effects, with potential clinical implications in foetal diabetic cardiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Menzele
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Hamida Aboalgasm
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Robea Ballo
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Asfree Gwanyanya
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rupee S, Rupee K, Singh RB, Hanoman C, Ismail AMA, Smail M, Singh J. Diabetes-induced chronic heart failure is due to defects in calcium transporting and regulatory contractile proteins: cellular and molecular evidence. Heart Fail Rev 2022; 28:627-644. [PMID: 36107271 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major deteriorating disease of the myocardium due to weak myocardial muscles. As such, the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently around the body to meet its constant demand. HF is a major global health problem with more than 7 million deaths annually worldwide, with some patients dying suddenly due to sudden cardiac death (SCD). There are several risk factors which are associated with HF and SCD which can negatively affect the heart synergistically. One major risk factor is diabetes mellitus (DM) which can cause an elevation in blood glucose level or hyperglycaemia (HG) which, in turn, has an insulting effect on the myocardium. This review attempted to explain the subcellular, cellular and molecular mechanisms and to a lesser extent, the genetic factors associated with the development of diabetes- induced cardiomyopathy due to the HG which can subsequently lead to chronic heart failure (CHF) and SCD. The study first explained the structure and function of the myocardium and then focussed mainly on the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) processes highlighting the defects of calcium transporting (SERCA, NCX, RyR and connexin) and contractile regulatory (myosin, actin, titin and troponin) proteins. The study also highlighted new therapies and those under development, as well as preventative strategies to either treat or prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). It is postulated that prevention is better than cure.
Collapse
|
9
|
Al Kury LT, Chacar S, Alefishat E, Khraibi AA, Nader M. Structural and Electrical Remodeling of the Sinoatrial Node in Diabetes: New Dimensions and Perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:946313. [PMID: 35872997 PMCID: PMC9302195 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.946313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sinoatrial node (SAN) is composed of highly specialized cells that mandate the spontaneous beating of the heart through self-generation of an action potential (AP). Despite this automaticity, the SAN is under the modulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). In diabetes mellitus (DM), heart rate variability (HRV) manifests as a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This is paralleled by an impaired regulation of the ANS, and by a pathological remodeling of the pacemaker structure and function. The direct effect of diabetes on the molecular signatures underscoring this pathology remains ill-defined. The recent focus on the electrical currents of the SAN in diabetes revealed a repressed firing rate of the AP and an elongation of its tracing, along with conduction abnormalities and contractile failure. These changes are blamed on the decreased expression of ion transporters and cell-cell communication ports at the SAN (i.e., HCN4, calcium and potassium channels, connexins 40, 45, and 46) which further promotes arrhythmias. Molecular analysis crystallized the RGS4 (regulator of potassium currents), mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 (reactive oxygen species; ROS scavenger), and the calcium-dependent calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) as metabolic culprits of relaying the pathological remodeling of the SAN cells (SANCs) structure and function. A special attention is given to the oxidation of CaMKII and the generation of ROS that induce cell damage and apoptosis of diabetic SANCs. Consequently, the diabetic SAN contains a reduced number of cells with significant infiltration of fibrotic tissues that further delay the conduction of the AP between the SANCs. Failure of a genuine generation of AP and conduction of their derivative waves to the neighboring atrial myocardium may also occur as a result of the anti-diabetic regiment (both acute and/or chronic treatments). All together, these changes pose a challenge in the field of cardiology and call for further investigations to understand the etiology of the structural/functional remodeling of the SANCs in diabetes. Such an understanding may lead to more adequate therapies that can optimize glycemic control and improve health-related outcomes in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina T. Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Lina T. Al Kury, ; Moni Nader,
| | - Stephanie Chacar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Alefishat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A. Khraibi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moni Nader
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Lina T. Al Kury, ; Moni Nader,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gallego M, Zayas-Arrabal J, Alquiza A, Apellaniz B, Casis O. Electrical Features of the Diabetic Myocardium. Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Safety Considerations in Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:687256. [PMID: 34305599 PMCID: PMC8295895 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.687256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia in the absence of treatment. Among the diabetes-associated complications, cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. Diabetes causes a complex myocardial dysfunction, referred as diabetic cardiomyopathy, which even in the absence of other cardiac risk factors results in abnormal diastolic and systolic function. Besides mechanical abnormalities, altered electrical function is another major feature of the diabetic myocardium. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients often show cardiac electrical remodeling, mainly a prolonged ventricular repolarization visible in the electrocardiogram as a lengthening of the QT interval duration. The underlying mechanisms at the cellular level involve alterations on the expression and activity of several cardiac ion channels and their associated regulatory proteins. Consequent changes in sodium, calcium and potassium currents collectively lead to a delay in repolarization that can increase the risk of developing life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. QT duration correlates strongly with the risk of developing torsade de pointes, a form of ventricular tachycardia that can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation. Therefore, QT prolongation is a qualitative marker of proarrhythmic risk, and analysis of ventricular repolarization is therefore required for the approval of new drugs. To that end, the Thorough QT/QTc analysis evaluates QT interval prolongation to assess potential proarrhythmic effects. In addition, since diabetic patients have a higher risk to die from cardiovascular causes than individuals without diabetes, cardiovascular safety of the new antidiabetic drugs must be carefully evaluated in type 2 diabetic patients. These cardiovascular outcome trials reveal that some glucose-lowering drugs actually reduce cardiovascular risk. The mechanism of cardioprotection might involve a reduction of the risk of developing arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Gallego
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julián Zayas-Arrabal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Amaia Alquiza
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Beatriz Apellaniz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Oscar Casis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Regulation of sinus node pacemaking and atrioventricular node conduction by HCN channels in health and disease. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 166:61-85. [PMID: 34197836 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The funny current, If, was first recorded in the heart 40 or more years ago by Dario DiFrancesco and others. Since then, we have learnt that If plays an important role in pacemaking in the sinus node, the innate pacemaker of the heart, and more recently evidence has accumulated to show that If may play an important role in action potential conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node. Evidence has also accumulated to show that regulation of the transcription and translation of the underlying Hcn genes plays an important role in the regulation of sinus node pacemaking and AV node conduction under normal physiological conditions - in athletes, during the circadian rhythm, in pregnancy, and during postnatal development - as well as pathological states - ageing, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. There may be yet more pathological conditions involving changes in the expression of the Hcn genes. Here, we review the role of If and the underlying HCN channels in physiological and pathological changes of the sinus and AV nodes and we begin to explore the signalling pathways (microRNAs, transcription factors, GIRK4, the autonomic nervous system and inflammation) involved in this regulation. This review is dedicated to Dario DiFrancesco on his retirement.
Collapse
|
12
|
Protective Effects of Huangqi Shengmai Yin on Type 1 Diabetes-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Improving Myocardial Lipid Metabolism. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5590623. [PMID: 34249132 PMCID: PMC8238573 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5590623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the many complications of diabetes. DCM leads to cardiac insufficiency and myocardial remodeling and is the main cause of death in diabetic patients. Abnormal lipid metabolism plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DCM. Huangqi Shengmai Yin (HSY) has previously been shown to alleviate signs of heart disease. Here, we investigated whether HSY could improve cardiomyopathy caused by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and improve abnormal lipid metabolism in the diabetic heart. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to establish the T1DM mouse model, and T1DM mice were subsequently treated with HSY for eight weeks. The changes in the cardiac conduction system, histopathology, blood myocardial injury indices, and lipid content and expression of proteins related to lipid metabolism were evaluated. Our results showed that HSY could improve electrocardiogram; decrease the serum levels of CK-MB, LDH, and BNP; alleviate histopathological changes in cardiac tissue; and decrease myocardial lipid content in T1DM mice. These results indicate that HSY has a protective effect against T1DM-induced myocardial injury in mice and that this effect may be related to the improvement in myocardial lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
13
|
Impaired regulation of heart rate and sinoatrial node function by the parasympathetic nervous system in type 2 diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12465. [PMID: 34127743 PMCID: PMC8203800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) and sinoatrial node (SAN) function are modulated by the autonomic nervous system. HR regulation by the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is impaired in diabetes mellitus (DM), which is denoted cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Whether blunted PNS effects on HR in type 2 DM are related to impaired responsiveness of the SAN to PNS agonists is unknown. This was investigated in type 2 diabetic db/db mice in vivo and in isolated SAN myocytes. The PNS agonist carbachol (CCh) had a smaller inhibitory effect on HR, while HR recovery time after CCh removal was accelerated in db/db mice. In isolated SAN myocytes CCh reduced spontaneous action potential firing frequency but this effect was reduced in db/db mice due to blunted effects on diastolic depolarization slope and maximum diastolic potential. Impaired effects of CCh occurred due to enhanced desensitization of the acetylcholine-activated K+ current (IKACh) and faster IKACh deactivation. IKACh alterations were reversed by inhibition of regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) and by the phospholipid PIP3. SAN expression of RGS4 was increased in db/db mice. Impaired PNS regulation of HR in db/db mice occurs due to reduced responsiveness of SAN myocytes to PNS agonists in association with enhanced RGS4 activity.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sultan A, Jacobson M, Adeghate E, Oulhaj A, Shafiullah M, Qureshi A, Howarth FC. Effects of obesity and diabesity on heart rhythm in the Zucker rat. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:735-747. [PMID: 33609055 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are risk factors for hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation, heart failure and sudden cardiac death. The effects of obesity and diabesity on heart rhythm were investigated in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) and Zucker fatty (ZF) compared to the Zucker lean (ZL) control rat. In vivo biotelemetry techniques were used to assess the electrocardiogram and other cardiac and metabolic parameters. ZDF rats were characterized by age-dependent elevations in fasting and non-fasting blood glucose, glucose intolerance and weight gain and ZF rats were characterized by smaller elevations in fasting and non-fasting blood glucose and greater weight gain compared to ZL rats. Heart rate (HR) was progressively reduced in ZDF, ZF and ZL rats. At 195 days (6.5 months) of age there were significant differences in HR between ZDF (265 ± 8 bpm, n = 10), ZF (336 ± 9 bpm, n = 10) and ZL (336 ± 10 bpm, n = 10) rats and significant differences in HRV between ZDF (22 ± 1 bpm, n = 10), ZF (27 ± 1 bpm, n = 10) and ZL (31 ± 1 bpm, n = 10) rats. Power spectral analysis revealed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in HRV at low frequencies, reduced HRV at high frequencies and increased sympathovagal balance in ZDF compared to ZF and ZL rats. HR was reduced by ageing and additionally reduced by diabesity in the absence of changes in physical activity and body temperature. Reductions in HRV associated with altered sympathovagal drive might partly underlie disturbed HR in the ZDF rat. Possible explanations for reduced HR and future mechanistic studies are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sultan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | | | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Abderrahim Oulhaj
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Mohamed Shafiullah
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Anwar Qureshi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Torre E, Arici M, Lodrini AM, Ferrandi M, Barassi P, Hsu SC, Chang GJ, Boz E, Sala E, Vagni S, Altomare C, Mostacciuolo G, Bussadori C, Ferrari P, Bianchi G, Rocchetti M. SERCA2a stimulation by istaroxime improves intracellular Ca2+ handling and diastolic dysfunction in a model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1020-1032. [PMID: 33792692 PMCID: PMC8930067 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a multifactorial disease characterized by an early onset of diastolic dysfunction (DD) that precedes the development of systolic impairment. Mechanisms that can restore cardiac relaxation improving intracellular Ca2+ dynamics represent a promising therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases associated to DD. Istaroxime has the dual properties to accelerate Ca2+ uptake into sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through the SR Ca2+ pump (SERCA2a) stimulation and to inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase (NKA). This project aims to characterize istaroxime effects at a concentration (100 nmol/L) marginally affecting NKA, in order to highlight its effects dependent on the stimulation of SERCA2a in an animal model of mild diabetes. Methods and results Streptozotocin (STZ) treated diabetic rats were studied at 9 weeks after STZ injection in comparison to controls (CTR). Istaroxime effects were evaluated in vivo and in left ventricular (LV) preparations. STZ animals showed (i) marked DD not associated to cardiac fibrosis, (ii) LV mass reduction associated to reduced LV cell dimension and T-tubules loss, (iii) reduced LV SERCA2 protein level and activity and (iv) slower SR Ca2+ uptake rate, (v) LV action potential (AP) prolongation and increased short-term variability (STV) of AP duration, (vi) increased diastolic Ca2+, and (vii) unaltered SR Ca2+ content and stability in intact cells. Acute istaroxime infusion (0.11 mg/kg/min for 15 min) reduced DD in STZ rats. Accordingly, in STZ myocytes istaroxime (100 nmol/L) stimulated SERCA2a activity and blunted STZ-induced abnormalities in LV Ca2+ dynamics. In CTR myocytes, istaroxime increased diastolic Ca2+ level due to NKA blockade albeit minimal, while its effects on SERCA2a were almost absent. Conclusions SERCA2a stimulation by istaroxime improved STZ-induced DD and intracellular Ca2+ handling anomalies. Thus, SERCA2a stimulation can be considered a promising therapeutic approach for DD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Torre
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Arici
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maria Lodrini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Ferrandi
- Windtree Therapeutics Inc., Warrington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paolo Barassi
- Windtree Therapeutics Inc., Warrington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Emanuela Sala
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Vagni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gaspare Mostacciuolo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marcella Rocchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hadova K, Kralova E, Doka G, Bies Pivackova L, Kmecova Z, Krenek P, Klimas J. Isolated downregulation of HCN2 in ventricles of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:118. [PMID: 33653265 PMCID: PMC7927235 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01929-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of disrupted repolarization of diabetic heart, some studies report less tendency of diabetic heart to develop ventricular arrhythmias suggesting effective compensatory mechanism. We hypothesized that myocardial alterations in HCN2 and HCN4 channels occur under hyperglycaemia. METHODS Diabetes was induced in rats using a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 55 mg/kg body weight, i.p.). Basal ECG was measured. Expression of mRNA for HCN channels, potassium channels and microRNA 1 and 133a were measured in ventricular tissues. Protein expression of HCN2 channel isoform was assessed in five different regions of the heart by western blotting. Differentiated H9c2 cell line was used to examine HCN channels expression under hyperglycaemia in vitro. RESULTS Six weeks after STZ administration, heart rate was reduced, QRS complex duration, QT interval and T-wave were prolonged in diabetic rats compared to controls. mRNA and protein expressions of HCN2 decreased exclusively in the ventricles of diabetic rats. HCN2 expression levels in atria of STZ rats and H9c2 cells treated with excess of glucose were not changed. MicroRNA levels were stable in STZ rat hearts. We found significantly decreased mRNA levels of several potassium channels participating in repolarization, namely Kcnd2 (Ito1), Kcnh2 (IKr), Kcnq1 (IKs) and Kcnj11 (IKATP). CONCLUSIONS This result together with downregulated HCN2 channels suggest that HCN channels might be an integral part of ventricular electric remodelling and might play a role in cardiac repolarization projected in altered arrhythmogenic profile of diabetic heart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Hadova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kralova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriel Doka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Bies Pivackova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kmecova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Krenek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Klimas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Odbojarov 10, 832 32, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
RNAseq shows an all-pervasive day-night rhythm in the transcriptome of the pacemaker of the heart. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3565. [PMID: 33574422 PMCID: PMC7878777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological systems vary in a day-night manner anticipating increased demand at a particular time. Heart is no exception. Cardiac output is primarily determined by heart rate and unsurprisingly this varies in a day-night manner and is higher during the day in the human (anticipating increased day-time demand). Although this is attributed to a day-night rhythm in post-translational ion channel regulation in the heart's pacemaker, the sinus node, by the autonomic nervous system, we investigated whether there is a day-night rhythm in transcription. RNAseq revealed that ~ 44% of the sinus node transcriptome (7134 of 16,387 transcripts) has a significant day-night rhythm. The data revealed the oscillating components of an intrinsic circadian clock. Presumably this clock (or perhaps the master circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus) is responsible for the rhythm observed in the transcriptional machinery, which in turn is responsible for the rhythm observed in the transcriptome. For example, there is a rhythm in transcripts responsible for the two principal pacemaker mechanisms (membrane and Ca2+ clocks), transcripts responsible for receptors and signalling pathways known to control pacemaking, transcripts from genes identified by GWAS as determinants of resting heart rate, and transcripts from genes responsible for familial and acquired sick sinus syndrome.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Li L, Liu X, Ding L, Wu X, Wang J, He M, Hou H, Ruan G, Lai J, Chen C. Examination of the Effect of a 50-Hz Electromagnetic Field at 500 μT on Parameters Related With the Cardiovascular System in Rats. Front Public Health 2020; 8:87. [PMID: 32318532 PMCID: PMC7154052 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Whether electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure affects the function of the cardiovascular system is under debate. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 500 μT EMF exposure on the cardiovascular system in rats. Methods: Forty-eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: the sham group and the exposure group. During 24-week EMF exposure (20 h per day), the blood pressure and pulse rate were recorded every 4 weeks. Before sacrifice, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization analysis were conducted to evaluate the cardiac function. Meanwhile, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to identify morphological and molecular changes indicative of cardiac remodeling. Results: The heart rate, blood pressure, and pulse rate were not influenced by EMF exposure compared with the control group. In addition, HE staining showed no change in the morphology and arrangement of cardiomyocytes. Further, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of cardiac hypertrophy-related genes were not affected by EMF exposure. Finally, no significant difference was observed in cardiac function between the two groups by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization detection. Conclusion: The 24-week exposure to EMF at 500 μT did not have apparent effects on the cardiovascular system in rats, at least for the variables studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yemao Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijian Ding
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengying He
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiying Hou
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoran Ruan
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang L, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Zhang M, Zhan Z, Wang L, Liu L. Severe hypoglycemia exacerbates myocardial dysfunction and metabolic remodeling in diabetic mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 503:110692. [PMID: 31887336 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have revealed that adverse cardiovascular events in diabetic patients are closely associated with severe hypoglycemia (SH), the causal relationship and related mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate whether SH promotes myocardial injury and further explores the potential mechanisms with focus on disturbances in lipid metabolism. SH promoted myocardial dysfunction and structural disorders in the diabetic mice but not in the controls. SH also enhanced the production of myocardial proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. Moreover, myocardial lipid deposition developed in diabetic mice after SH, which was closely related to myocardial dysfunction and the inflammatory response. We further found that myocardial metabolic remodeling was associated with changes in PPAR-β/δ and its target molecules in diabetic mice exposed to SH. These findings demonstrate that SH exacerbates myocardial dysfunction and the inflammatory response in diabetic mice, which may be induced by myocardial metabolic remodeling via PPAR-β/δ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meilian Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Fujian Province Hospital for Women and Children, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhidong Zhan
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linxi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Libin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ma Q, Li Y, Wang J, Li P, Duan Y, Dai H, An Y, Cheng L, Wang T, Wang C, Wang T, Zhao B. Investigation of gut microbiome changes in type 1 diabetic mellitus rats based on high-throughput sequencing. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109873. [PMID: 31986412 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing year by year, gut microbiota is considered to be closely related to the occurrence and development of T1DM in recent years. In this study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with 75mg/kg streptozotocin to establish T1DM model, fecal samples were collected and DNA were extracted, 16S rRNA microbial gene clone library were constructed, and lastly high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed. The results showed that the abundances of pathogenic bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae, Shigella, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Rothia and Alistipes associated with infection and inflammation in T1DM rats were up-regulated, while the abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Faecalitalea, Butyricicoccus and Allobaculum were reduced. Among them, Butyricicoccus and Allobaculum protect intestinal barrier function by producing short-chain fatty acids. This study suggests that intestinal inflammation and reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) caused by the imbalance of gut microbiota are crucial to the pathogenesis of T1DM.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bacteria/isolation & purification
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/microbiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/microbiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/microbiology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Male
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Streptozocin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quantao Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Intersection of Yang-Guang South Street and Bai-Yang East Road, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Long Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tieshan Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Leger T, He B, Azarnoush K, Jouve C, Rigaudiere JP, Joffre F, Bouvier D, Sapin V, Pereira B, Demaison L. Dietary EPA Increases Rat Mortality in Diabetes Mellitus, A Phenomenon Which Is Compensated by Green Tea Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110526. [PMID: 31690052 PMCID: PMC6912216 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by a high mortality rate which is often associated with heart failure. Green tea and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are known to lessen some of the harmful impacts of diabetes and to exert cardio-protection. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of EPA, green tea extract (GTE), and a combination of both on the cardiac consequences of diabetes mellitus, induced in Wistar rats by injection of a low dose of streptozotocin (33 mg/kg) combined with a high fat diet. Cardiac mechanical function, coronary reactivity, and parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, and energy metabolism were evaluated. In the context of diabetes, GTE alone limited several diabetes-related symptoms such as inflammation. It also slightly improved coronary reactivity and considerably enhanced lipid metabolism. EPA alone caused the rapid death of the animals, but this effect was negated by the addition of GTE in the diet. EPA and GTE combined enhanced coronary reactivity considerably more than GTE alone. In a context of significant oxidative stress such as during diabetes mellitus, EPA enrichment constitutes a risk factor for animal survival. It is essential to associate it with the antioxidants contained in GTE in order to decrease mortality rate and preserve cardiac function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Leger
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Beibei He
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Kasra Azarnoush
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Heart Surgery Department, Gabriel Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Chrystèle Jouve
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Rigaudiere
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Florent Joffre
- ITERG, 11 rue Gaspard Monge, - ZA Pessac Canéjan, F-33610 Canéjan, France.
| | - Damien Bouvier
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Luc Demaison
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| |
Collapse
|