1
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Blazeski A, Floryan MA, Zhang Y, Fajardo Ramírez OR, Meibalan E, Ortiz-Urbina J, Angelidakis E, Shelton SE, Kamm RD, García-Cardeña G. Engineering microvascular networks using a KLF2 reporter to probe flow-dependent endothelial cell function. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122686. [PMID: 38971122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Shear stress generated by the flow of blood in the vasculature is a potent regulator of endothelial cell function and vascular structure. While vascular responses to flow are complex and context-dependent, endothelial cell signaling in response to shear stress induced by laminar flows is coordinated by the transcription factor KLF2. The flow-dependent expression of KLF2 in endothelial cells is associated with a quiescent, anti-inflammatory phenotype and has been well characterized in two-dimensional systems but has not been studied in three-dimensional in vitro systems. Here we develop engineered microvascular networks (MVNs) that incorporate a KLF2-based endothelial cell flow sensor within a microfluidic chip, apply continuous flow using an attached microfluidic pump, and study the effects of this flow on vascular structure and function. We found that application of flow to MVNs for 48 h resulted in increased expression of the KLF2 reporter, larger vessel diameters, and decreased vascular branching and resistance. Notably, vessel diameters after the application of flow were independent of initial MVN morphologies. Finally, we found that MVNs exposed to flow have improved vascular barrier function and decreased platelet adhesion. MVNs with KLF2-based flow sensors represent a novel, powerful tool for evaluating the structural and functional effects of flow on engineered three-dimensional vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Blazeski
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marie A Floryan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuzhi Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar R Fajardo Ramírez
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesús Ortiz-Urbina
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emmanouil Angelidakis
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E Shelton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Tanaka K, Chen M, Prendergast A, Zhuang Z, Nasiri A, Joshi D, Hintzen J, Chung M, Kumar A, Mani A, Koleske A, Crawford J, Nicoli S, Schwartz MA. Latrophilin-2 mediates fluid shear stress mechanotransduction at endothelial junctions. EMBO J 2024; 43:3175-3191. [PMID: 38886581 PMCID: PMC11294477 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell responses to fluid shear stress from blood flow are crucial for vascular development, function, and disease. A complex of PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGF receptors (VEGFRs), and Plexin D1 located at cell-cell junctions mediates many of these events. However, available evidence suggests that another mechanosensor upstream of PECAM-1 initiates signaling. Hypothesizing that GPCR and Gα proteins may serve this role, we performed siRNA screening of Gα subunits and found that Gαi2 and Gαq/11 are required for activation of the junctional complex. We then developed a new activation assay, which showed that these G proteins are activated by flow. We next mapped the Gα residues required for activation and developed an affinity purification method that used this information to identify latrophilin-2 (Lphn2/ADGRL2) as the upstream GPCR. Latrophilin-2 is required for all PECAM-1 downstream events tested. In both mice and zebrafish, latrophilin-2 is required for flow-dependent angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Furthermore, endothelial-specific knockout demonstrates that latrophilin plays a role in flow-dependent artery remodeling. Human genetic data reveal a correlation between the latrophilin-2-encoding Adgrl2 gene and cardiovascular disease. Together, these results define a pathway that connects latrophilin-dependent G protein activation to subsequent endothelial signaling, vascular physiology, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Tanaka
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Minghao Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Andrew Prendergast
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Zhenwu Zhuang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Ali Nasiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Divyesh Joshi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jared Hintzen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Minhwan Chung
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Arya Mani
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Anthony Koleske
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stefania Nicoli
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Martin A Schwartz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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3
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Snyder Y, Jana S. Innovative Substrate Design with Basement Membrane Components for Enhanced Endothelial Cell Function and Endothelization. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401150. [PMID: 39021293 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing endothelial cell growth on small-diameter vascular grafts produced from decellularized tissues or synthetic substrates is pivotal for preventing thrombosis. While optimized decellularization protocols can preserve the structure and many components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the process can still lead to the loss of crucial basement membrane proteins, such as laminin, collagen IV, and perlecan, which are pivotal for endothelial cell adherence and functional growth. This loss can result in poor endothelialization and endothelial cell activation causing thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia. To address this, the basement membrane's ECM is emulated on fiber substrates, providing a more physiological environment for endothelial cells. Thus, fibroblasts are cultured on fiber substrates to produce an ECM membrane substrate (EMMS) with basement membrane proteins. The EMMS then underwent antigen removal (AR) treatment to eliminate antigens from the membrane while preserving essential proteins and producing an AR-treated membrane substrate (AMS). Subsequently, human endothelial cells cultured on the AMS exhibited superior proliferation, nitric oxide production, and increased expression of endothelial markers of quiescence/homeostasis, along with autophagy and antithrombotic factors, compared to those on the decellularized aortic tissue. This strategy showed the potential of pre-endowing fiber substrates with a basement membrane to enable better endothelization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Snyder
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Soumen Jana
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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4
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Snyder Y, Jana S. Influence of Substrate Structure and Associated Properties on Endothelial Cell Behavior in the Context of Behaviors Associated with Laminar Flow Conditions. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4664-4678. [PMID: 38939951 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
In order to treat most vascular diseases, arterial grafts are commonly employed for replacing small-diameter vessels, yet they often cause thrombosis. The growth of endothelial cells along the interior surfaces of these grafts (substrates) is critical to mitigate thrombosis. Typically, endothelial cells are cultured inside these grafts under laminar flow conditions to emulate the native environment of blood vessels and produce an endothelium. Alternatively, the substrate structure could have a similar influence on endothelial cell behavior as laminar flow conditions. In this study, we investigated whether substrates with aligned fiber structures could induce responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) akin to those elicited by laminar flow. Our observations revealed that HUVECs on aligned substrates displayed significant morphological changes, aligning parallel to the fibers, similar to effects reported under laminar flow conditions. Conversely, HUVECs on random substrates maintained their characteristic cobblestone appearance. Notably, cell migration was more significant on aligned substrates. Also, we observed that while vWF expression was similar between both substrates, the HUVECs on aligned substrates showed more expression of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), laminin, and collagen IV. Additionally, these cells exhibited increased gene expression related to critical functions such as proliferation, extracellular matrix production, cytoskeletal reorganization, autophagy, and antithrombotic activity. These findings indicated that aligned substrates enhanced endothelial growth and behavior compared to random substrates. These improvements are similar to the beneficial effects of laminar flow on endothelial cells, which are well-documented compared to static or turbulent flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Snyder
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Soumen Jana
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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5
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Nahon DM, Vila Cuenca M, van den Hil FE, Hu M, de Korte T, Frimat JP, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Mummery CL, Orlova VV. Self-assembling 3D vessel-on-chip model with hiPSC-derived astrocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:946-956. [PMID: 38876110 PMCID: PMC11252484 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Functionality of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) relies on the interaction between endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, and astrocytes to regulate molecule transport within the central nervous system. Most experimental models for the BBB rely on freshly isolated primary brain cells. Here, we explored human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) as a cellular source for astrocytes in a 3D vessel-on-chip (VoC) model. Self-organized microvascular networks were formed by combining hiPSC-derived ECs, human brain vascular pericytes, and hiPSC-derived astrocytes within a fibrin hydrogel. The hiPSC-ECs and pericytes showed close interactions, but, somewhat unexpectedly, addition of astrocytes disrupted microvascular network formation. However, continuous fluid perfusion or activation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling rescued the vascular organization and decreased vascular permeability. Nevertheless, astrocytes did not affect the expression of proteins related to junction formation, transport, or extracellular matrix, indicating that, despite other claims, hiPSC-derived ECs do not entirely acquire a BBB-like identity in the 3D VoC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M Nahon
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Vila Cuenca
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francijna E van den Hil
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Michel Hu
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tessa de Korte
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Philippe Frimat
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Valeria V Orlova
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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6
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He J, Duan P, Liu Y, Feng T, Wang S, Lin X, Xie J, Liu X. Unveiling the Impact of Hemodynamics on Endothelial Inflammation-Mediated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis Using a Biomimetic Vascular Flow Model. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304439. [PMID: 38486060 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) hematogenous dissemination is a leading cause of HCC-related deaths. The inflammatory facilitates this process by promoting the adhesion and invasion of tumor cells in the circulatory system. But the contribution of hemodynamics to this process remains poorly understood due to the lack of a suitable vascular flow model for investigation. This study develops a vascular flow model to examine the impact of hemodynamics on endothelial inflammation-mediated HCC metastasis. This work finds the increasing shear stress will reduce the recruitment of HCC cells by disturbing adhesion forces between endothelium and HCC cells. However, this reduction will be restored by the inflammation. When applying high FSS (4-6 dyn cm-2) to the inflammatory endothelium, there will be a 4.8-fold increase in HCC cell adhesions compared to normal condition. Nevertheless, the increase fold of cell adhesions is inapparent, around 1.5-fold, with low and medium FSS. This effect can be attributed to the FSS-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 of the inflammatory endothelium, which serve to strengthen cell binding forces. These findings indicate that hemodynamics plays a key role in HCC metastasis during endothelial inflammation by regulating the expression of adhesion-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Peiyan Duan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tang Feng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xinyi Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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7
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Tanaka K, Chen M, Prendergast A, Zhuang Z, Nasiri A, Joshi D, Hintzen J, Chung M, Kumar A, Mani A, Koleske A, Crawford J, Nicoli S, Schwartz MA. Latrophilin-2 mediates fluid shear stress mechanotransduction at endothelial junctions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598386. [PMID: 38915515 PMCID: PMC11195282 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cell responses to fluid shear stress from blood flow are crucial for vascular development, function and disease. A complex of PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) and PlexinD1 located at cell-cell junctions mediates many of these events. But available evidence suggests that another mechanosensor upstream of PECAM-1 initiates signaling. Hypothesizing that GPCR and Gα proteins may serve this role, we performed siRNA screening of Gα subunits and found that Gαi2 and Gαq/11 are required for activation of the junctional complex. We then developed a new activation assay, which showed that these G proteins are activated by flow. We next mapped the Gα residues required for activation and developed an affinity purification method that used this information to identify latrophilin-2 (Lphn-2/ADGRL2) as the upstream GPCR. Latrophilin-2 is required for all PECAM-1 downstream events tested. In both mice and zebrafish, latrophilin-2 is required for flow-dependent angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Furthermore, endothelial specific knockout demonstrates that latrophilin plays a role in flow-dependent artery remodeling. Human genetic data reveal a correlation between the latrophilin-2-encoding Adgrl2 gene and cardiovascular disease. Together, these results define a pathway that connects latrophilin-dependent G protein activation to subsequent endothelial signaling, vascular physiology and disease.
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8
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Mandrycky C, Ishida T, Rayner SG, Heck AM, Hadland B, Zheng Y. Under pressure: integrated endothelial cell response to hydrostatic and shear stresses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596749. [PMID: 38854073 PMCID: PMC11160699 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Blood flow within the vasculature is a critical determinant of endothelial cell (EC) identity and functionality, yet the intricate interplay of various hemodynamic forces and their collective impact on endothelial and vascular responses are not fully understood. Specifically, the role of hydrostatic pressure in the EC flow response is understudied, despite its known significance in vascular development and disease. To address this gap, we developed in vitro models to investigate how pressure influences EC responses to flow. Our study demonstrates that elevated pressure conditions significantly modify shear-induced flow alignment and increase endothelial cell density. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that, while shear stress remains the primary driver of flow-induced transcriptional changes, pressure modulates shear-induced signaling in a dose-dependent manner. These pressure-responsive transcriptional signatures identified in human ECs were conserved during the onset of circulation in early mouse embryonic vascular development, where pressure was notably associated with transcriptional programs essential to arterial and hemogenic EC fates. Our findings suggest that pressure plays a synergistic role with shear stress on ECs and emphasizes the need for an integrative approach to endothelial cell mechanotransduction, one that encompasses the effects induced by pressure alongside other hemodynamic forces.
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9
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Wang X, Li K, Yuan Y, Zhang N, Zou Z, Wang Y, Yan S, Li X, Zhao P, Li Q. Nonlinear Elasticity of Blood Vessels and Vascular Grafts. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3631-3654. [PMID: 38815169 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The transplantation of vascular grafts has emerged as a prevailing approach to address vascular disorders. However, the development of small-diameter vascular grafts is still in progress, as they serve in a more complicated mechanical environment than their counterparts with larger diameters. The biocompatibility and functional characteristics of small-diameter vascular grafts have been well developed; however, mismatch in mechanical properties between the vascular grafts and native arteries has not been accomplished, which might facilitate the long-term patency of small-diameter vascular grafts. From a point of view in mechanics, mimicking the nonlinear elastic mechanical behavior exhibited by natural blood vessels might be the state-of-the-art in designing vascular grafts. This review centers on elucidating the nonlinear elastic behavior of natural blood vessels and vascular grafts. The biological functionality and limitations associated with as-reported vascular grafts are meticulously reviewed and the future trajectory for fabricating biomimetic small-diameter grafts is discussed. This review might provide a different insight from the traditional design and fabrication of artificial vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zifan Zou
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shujie Yan
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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10
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Dao L, You Z, Lu L, Xu T, Sarkar AK, Zhu H, Liu M, Calandrelli R, Yoshida G, Lin P, Miao Y, Mierke S, Kalva S, Zhu H, Gu M, Vadivelu S, Zhong S, Huang LF, Guo Z. Modeling blood-brain barrier formation and cerebral cavernous malformations in human PSC-derived organoids. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:818-833.e11. [PMID: 38754427 PMCID: PMC11162335 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The human blood-brain barrier (hBBB) is a highly specialized structure that regulates passage across blood and central nervous system (CNS) compartments. Despite its critical physiological role, there are no reliable in vitro models that can mimic hBBB development and function. Here, we constructed hBBB assembloids from brain and blood vessel organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. We validated the acquisition of blood-brain barrier (BBB)-specific molecular, cellular, transcriptomic, and functional characteristics and uncovered an extensive neuro-vascular crosstalk with a spatial pattern within hBBB assembloids. When we used patient-derived hBBB assembloids to model cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs), we found that these assembloids recapitulated the cavernoma anatomy and BBB breakdown observed in patients. Upon comparison of phenotypes and transcriptome between patient-derived hBBB assembloids and primary human cavernoma tissues, we uncovered CCM-related molecular and cellular alterations. Taken together, we report hBBB assembloids that mimic the core properties of the hBBB and identify a potentially underlying cause of CCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Dao
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Zhen You
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Tianyang Xu
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Avijite Kumer Sarkar
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Hui Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Riccardo Calandrelli
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - George Yoshida
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Pei Lin
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yifei Miao
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sarah Mierke
- Divisions of Pediatric Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Srijan Kalva
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Haining Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Mingxia Gu
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sudhakar Vadivelu
- Divisions of Pediatric Neurosurgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - L Frank Huang
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Ziyuan Guo
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine, Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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11
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Bougaran P, Bautch VL. Life at the crossroads: the nuclear LINC complex and vascular mechanotransduction. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1411995. [PMID: 38831796 PMCID: PMC11144885 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1411995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells line the inner surface of all blood vessels, where they are exposed to polarized mechanical forces throughout their lifespan. Both basal substrate interactions and apical blood flow-induced shear stress regulate blood vessel development, remodeling, and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Disruption of these interactions leads to dysfunction and vascular pathologies, although how forces are sensed and integrated to affect endothelial cell behaviors is incompletely understood. Recently the endothelial cell nucleus has emerged as a prominent force-transducing organelle that participates in vascular mechanotransduction, via communication to and from cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions. The LINC complex, composed of SUN and nesprin proteins, spans the nuclear membranes and connects the nuclear lamina, the nuclear envelope, and the cytoskeleton. Here we review LINC complex involvement in endothelial cell mechanotransduction, describe unique and overlapping functions of each LINC complex component, and consider emerging evidence that two major SUN proteins, SUN1 and SUN2, orchestrate a complex interplay that extends outward to cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions and inward to interactions within the nucleus and chromatin. We discuss these findings in relation to vascular pathologies such as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a premature aging disorder with cardiovascular impairment. More knowledge of LINC complex regulation and function will help to understand how the nucleus participates in endothelial cell force sensing and how dysfunction leads to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bougaran
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Victoria L. Bautch
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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12
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Van Schoor K, Bruet E, Jones EAV, Migeotte I. Origin and flow-mediated remodeling of the murine and human extraembryonic circulation systems. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1395006. [PMID: 38818524 PMCID: PMC11137303 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1395006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The transduction of mechanical stimuli produced by blood flow is an important regulator of vascular development. The vitelline and umbilico-placental circulations are extraembryonic vascular systems that are required for proper embryonic development in mammalian embryos. The morphogenesis of the extraembryonic vasculature and the cardiovascular system of the embryo are hemodynamically and molecularly connected. Here we provide an overview of the establishment of the murine and human vitelline and umbilico-placental vascular systems and how blood flow influences various steps in their development. A deeper comprehension of extraembryonic vessel development may aid the establishment of stem-cell based embryo models and provide novel insights to understanding pregnancy complications related to the umbilical cord and placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Van Schoor
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Bruet
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Anne Vincent Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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13
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Guerra A, Belinha J, Salgado C, Monteiro FJ, Natal Jorge R. Computational Insights into the Interplay of Mechanical Forces in Angiogenesis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1045. [PMID: 38791007 PMCID: PMC11117778 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study employs a meshless computational model to investigate the impacts of compression and traction on angiogenesis, exploring their effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) diffusion and subsequent capillary network formation. Three distinct initial domain geometries were defined to simulate variations in endothelial cell sprouting and VEGF release. Compression and traction were applied, and the ensuing effects on VEGF diffusion coefficients were analysed. Compression promoted angiogenesis, increasing capillary network density. The reduction in the VEGF diffusion coefficient under compression altered VEGF concentration, impacting endothelial cell migration patterns. The findings were consistent across diverse simulation scenarios, demonstrating the robust influence of compression on angiogenesis. This computational study enhances our understanding of the intricate interplay between mechanical forces and angiogenesis. Compression emerges as an effective mediator of angiogenesis, influencing VEGF diffusion and vascular pattern. These insights may contribute to innovative therapeutic strategies for angiogenesis-related disorders, fostering tissue regeneration and addressing diseases where angiogenesis is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guerra
- INEGI—Instituto de Ciência e Inovação em Engenharia Mecânica e Engenharia Industrial, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Belinha
- ISEP—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Christiane Salgado
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.); (F.J.M.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Jorge Monteiro
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.S.); (F.J.M.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renato Natal Jorge
- LAETA—Laboratório Associado de Energia, Transportes e Aeronáutica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-165 Porto, Portugal;
- FEUP—Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-165 Porto, Portugal
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14
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Donzanti MJ, Mhatre O, Chernokal B, Renteria DC, Gleghorn JP. Stochastic to Deterministic: A straightforward approach to create serially perfusable multiscale capillary beds. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592474. [PMID: 38766003 PMCID: PMC11100595 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Generation of in vitro tissue models with serially perfused hierarchical vasculature would allow greater control of fluid perfusion throughout the network and enable direct mechanistic investigation of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular remodeling. In this work, we have developed a method to produce a closed, serially perfused, multiscale vessel network embedded within an acellular hydrogel. We confirmed that the acellular and cellular gel-gel interface was functionally annealed without preventing or biasing cell migration and endothelial self-assembly. Multiscale connectivity of the vessel network was validated via high-resolution microscopy techniques to confirm anastomosis between self-assembled and patterned vessels. Lastly, using fluorescently labeled microspheres, the multiscale network was serially perfused to confirm patency and barrier function. Directional flow from inlet to outlet man-dated flow through the capillary bed. This method for producing closed, multiscale vascular networks was developed with the intention of straightforward fabrication and engineering techniques so as to be a low barrier to entry for researchers who wish to investigate mechanistic questions in vascular biology. This ease of use offers a facile extension of these methods for incorporation into organoid culture, organ-on-a-chip (OOC) models, and bioprinted tissues.
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15
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Hall E, Mendiola K, Lightsey NK, Hanjaya-Putra D. Mimicking blood and lymphatic vasculatures using microfluidic systems. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:031502. [PMID: 38726373 PMCID: PMC11081709 DOI: 10.1063/5.0175154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The role of the circulatory system, containing the blood and lymphatic vasculatures, within the body, has become increasingly focused on by researchers as dysfunction of either of the systems has been linked to serious complications and disease. Currently, in vivo models are unable to provide the sufficient monitoring and level of manipulation needed to characterize the fluidic dynamics of the microcirculation in blood and lymphatic vessels; thus in vitro models have been pursued as an alternative model. Microfluidic devices have the required properties to provide a physiologically relevant circulatory system model for research as well as the experimental tools to conduct more advanced research analyses of microcirculation flow. In this review paper, the physiological behavior of fluid flow and electrical communication within the endothelial cells of the systems are detailed and discussed to highlight their complexities. Cell co-culturing methods and other relevant organ-on-a-chip devices will be evaluated to demonstrate the feasibility and relevance of the in vitro microfluidic model. Microfluidic systems will be determined as a noteworthy model that can display physiologically relevant flow of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, which will enable researchers to investigate the systems' prevalence in diseases and identify potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hall
- Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | | | - N. Keilany Lightsey
- Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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16
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Marder M, Remmert C, Perschel JA, Otgonbayar M, von Toerne C, Hauck S, Bushe J, Feuchtinger A, Sheikh B, Moussus M, Meier M. Stem cell-derived vessels-on-chip for cardiovascular disease modeling. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114008. [PMID: 38536819 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is accompanied by vascular complications. Human in vitro disease models are hence required to better understand vascular dysfunctions and guide clinical therapies. Here, we engineered an open microfluidic vessel-on-chip platform that integrates human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (SC-ECs). The open microfluidic design enables seamless integration with state-of-the-art analytical technologies, including single-cell RNA sequencing, proteomics by mass spectrometry, and high-resolution imaging. Beyond previous systems, we report SC-EC maturation by means of barrier formation, arterial toning, and high nitric oxide synthesis levels under gravity-driven flow. Functionally, we corroborate the hallmarks of early-onset atherosclerosis with low sample volumes and cell numbers under flow conditions by determining proteome and secretome changes in SC-ECs stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein and free fatty acids. More broadly, our organ-on-chip platform enables the modeling of patient-specific human endothelial tissue and has the potential to become a general tool for animal-free vascular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Marder
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline Remmert
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julius A Perschel
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefanie Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Bushe
- Core Facility Pathology & Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Core Facility Pathology & Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilal Sheikh
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Leipzig, Germany; Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michel Moussus
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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17
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Li X, Zou J, He Z, Sun Y, Song X, He W. The interaction between particles and vascular endothelium in blood flow. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115216. [PMID: 38387770 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Particle-based drug delivery systems have shown promising application potential to treat human diseases; however, an incomplete understanding of their interactions with vascular endothelium in blood flow prevents their inclusion into mainstream clinical applications. The flow performance of nano/micro-sized particles in the blood are disturbed by many external/internal factors, including blood constituents, particle properties, and endothelium bioactivities, affecting the fate of particles in vivo and therapeutic effects for diseases. This review highlights how the blood constituents, hemodynamic environment and particle properties influence the interactions and particle activities in vivo. Moreover, we briefly summarized the structure and functions of endothelium and simulated devices for studying particle performance under blood flow conditions. Finally, based on particle-endothelium interactions, we propose future opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies and provide solutions to challenges in particle delivery systems for accelerating their clinical translation. This review helps provoke an increasing in-depth understanding of particle-endothelium interactions and inspires more strategies that may benefit the development of particle medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 2111198, PR China
| | - Jiahui Zou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 2111198, PR China
| | - Zhongshan He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Biotherapy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, PR China
| | - Yanhua Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microparticles Drug Delivery Technology, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., LtD., Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Biotherapy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, PR China.
| | - Wei He
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 2111198, PR China.
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18
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Xie Y, Zhu Y, Shi Y, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Li F, Song H, Chen L, Guo W. Impact of Cross-Limb Stent-Graft Configuration on Hemodynamics in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Interventional Therapy. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:137-146. [PMID: 37985614 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00702-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The cross-limb (CL) technique is a commonly used endovascular treatment for addressing unfavorable anatomical features in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The configuration of CL stent-graft plays a critical role in determining the postoperative hemodynamic properties and physiological behaviors, which ultimately impact the efficacy and safety of endovascular AAA treatment. This study aims to investigate the relationship between hemodynamics and CL stent-graft configuration from a hemodynamic perspective. METHODS Five distinct geometric models of cross-limb (CL) stent-graft configurations were constructed by optimizing the real clinical computed tomography angiography (CTA) data. These models varied in main body lengths and cross angles and were used to perform numerical simulations to analyze various hemodynamic parameters. Flow pattern, distribution of wall shear stress (WSS)-related parameters, localized normalized helicity (LNH), pressure drop, and the displacement force of all models were examined in this paper. RESULTS In patient-specific cases, helical flow and WSS increase with the main body. However, it also generated secondary flow in localized areas, leading to increased oscillation in the WSS direction. Notably, increasing the stent graft's main body length or decreasing the cross angle reduced the displacement force exerted on the stent-graft. Reducing the cross angle did not significantly alter the hemodynamic characteristics. CONCLUSION In the clinical practice of CL deployment, it is crucial to carefully consider the stent-graft configuration and the patient specific to achieve optimal postoperative outcomes. This study provides valuable insights for guiding stent selection and treatment planning in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm undergoing CL techniques, from a hemodynamic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Yating Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yike Shi
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yawei Zhao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Hongpeng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Fen Li
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Hui Song
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 79 West Yingze Street, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Lingfeng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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19
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Sadeghi S. A Case Report of Prolonged Hemorrhage Following Traditional Phlebotomy (Fasd). J Pharmacopuncture 2024; 27:47-52. [PMID: 38560341 PMCID: PMC10978438 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2024.27.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Phlebotomy, a therapeutic method of bloodletting typically performed using a needle, has a traditional technique known as "Fasd." In this method, blood is extracted by creating a longitudinal incision on a vein (3-5 mm) with a surgical scalpel blade, usually blade No. 11. Due to the incision in the vessel wall, establishing hemostasis is more challenging compared to conventional methods. Hemostasis is usually achieved within minutes after Fasd. We present a case highlighting an uncommon yet significant complication of traditional phlebotomy. A 55-year-old man with no prior medical conditions underwent traditional phlebotomy at an academic traditional medicine clinic. Senior MD-PhD students in Iranian Traditional Medicine, under professor supervision, performed Fasd. A sterile scalpel blade No. 11 was used to create a longitudinal incision of approximately 4 mm on the patient's median basilic vein in the right hand. After removing 400 cc of blood, a pressure dressing was applied to the incision site. Despite attempts such as hand elevation, ice pack application, prolonged direct pressure, and tight elastic bandaging, bleeding from the incision persisted. After an hour of supportive therapy, hemostasis was eventually achieved within a few minutes using burnt cotton dressing (a traditional method for blood hemostasis). Following intravenous hydration, the patient was discharged in stable condition and reported no issues during the one-month follow-up. The traditional phlebotomy (Fasd) carries the risk of serious complications, including uncontrolled and prolonged bleeding. Further research on the efficacy and safety of burnt cotton dressing for controlling hemostasis is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Sadeghi
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Laha S, Dhar D, Adak M, Bandopadhyay A, Das S, Chatterjee J, Chakraborty S. Electric field-mediated adhesive dynamics of cells inside bio-functionalised microchannels offers important cues for active control of cell-substrate adhesion. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2610-2623. [PMID: 38426537 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00083h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Adhesive dynamics of cells plays a critical role in determining different biophysical processes orchestrating health and disease in living systems. While the rolling of cells on functionalised substrates having similarity with biophysical pathways appears to be extensively discussed in the literature, the effect of an external stimulus in the form of an electric field on the same remains underemphasized. Here, we bring out the interplay of fluid shear and electric field on the rolling dynamics of adhesive cells in biofunctionalised micro-confinements. Our experimental results portray that an electric field, even restricted to low strengths within the physiologically relevant regimes, can significantly influence the cell adhesion dynamics. We quantify the electric field-mediated adhesive dynamics of the cells in terms of two key parameters, namely, the voltage-altered rolling velocity and the frequency of adhesion. The effect of the directionality of the electric field with respect to the flow direction is also analysed by studying cellular migration with electrical effects acting both along and against the flow. Our experiment, on one hand, demonstrates the importance of collagen functionalisation in the adhesive dynamics of cells through micro channels, while on the other hand, it reveals how the presence of an axial electric field can lead to significant alteration in the kinetic rate of bond breakage, thereby modifying the degree of cell-substrate adhesion and quantifying in terms of the adhesion frequency of the cells. Proceeding further forward, we offer a simple theoretical explanation towards deriving the kinetics of cellular bonding in the presence of an electric field, which corroborates favourably with our experimental outcome. These findings are likely to offer fundamental insights into the possibilities of local control of cellular adhesion via electric field mediated interactions, bearing critical implications in a wide variety of medical conditions ranging from wound healing to cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampad Laha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Dhruba Dhar
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mainak Adak
- National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Chatterjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India.
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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21
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Ciarambino T, Crispino P, Minervini G, Giordano M. Role of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Pathogenesis, Evolution, and Complication of Atherosclerotic Plaque. Biomedicines 2024; 12:400. [PMID: 38398002 PMCID: PMC10886498 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic management of atherosclerosis focuses almost exclusively on the reduction of plasma cholesterol levels. An important role in the genesis and evolution of atherosclerosis is played by chronic inflammation in promoting thrombosis phenomena after atheroma rupture. This review aims to take stock of the knowledge so far accumulated on the role of endemic HP infection in atherosclerosis. The studies produced so far have demonstrated a causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori (HP) and CVD. In a previous study, we demonstrated in HP-positive patients that thrombin and plasma fragment 1 + 2 production was proportionally related to tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and that eradication of the infection resulted in a reduction of inflammation. At the end of our review, we can state that HP slightly affects the risk of CVD, particularly if the infection is associated with cytotoxic damage, and HP screening could have a clinically significant role in patients with a high risk of CVD. Considering the high prevalence of HP infection, an infection screening could be of great clinical utility in patients at high risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ciarambino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Marcianise, ASL Caserta, 81037 Caserta, Italy
| | - Pietro Crispino
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Latina, ASL Latina, 04100 Latina, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Minervini
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital of Lagonegro, AOR San Carlo, 85042 Lagonegro, Italy;
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy;
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22
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Notenboom ML, Van Hoof L, Schuermans A, Takkenberg JJM, Rega FR, Taverne YJHJ. Aortic Valve Embryology, Mechanobiology, and Second Messenger Pathways: Implications for Clinical Practice. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:49. [PMID: 38392263 PMCID: PMC10888685 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
During the Renaissance, Leonardo Da Vinci was the first person to successfully detail the anatomy of the aortic root and its adjacent structures. Ever since, novel insights into morphology, function, and their interplay have accumulated, resulting in advanced knowledge on the complex functional characteristics of the aortic valve (AV) and root. This has shifted our vision from the AV as being a static structure towards that of a dynamic interconnected apparatus within the aortic root as a functional unit, exhibiting a complex interplay with adjacent structures via both humoral and mechanical stimuli. This paradigm shift has stimulated surgical treatment strategies of valvular disease that seek to recapitulate healthy AV function, whereby AV disease can no longer be seen as an isolated morphological pathology which needs to be replaced. As prostheses still cannot reproduce the complexity of human nature, treatment of diseased AVs, whether stenotic or insufficient, has tremendously evolved, with a similar shift towards treatments options that are more hemodynamically centered, such as the Ross procedure and valve-conserving surgery. Native AV and root components allow for an efficient Venturi effect over the valve to allow for optimal opening during the cardiac cycle, while also alleviating the left ventricle. Next to that, several receptors are present on native AV leaflets, enabling messenger pathways based on their interaction with blood and other shear-stress-related stimuli. Many of these physiological and hemodynamical processes are under-acknowledged but may hold important clues for innovative treatment strategies, or as potential novel targets for therapeutic agents that halt or reverse the process of valve degeneration. A structured overview of these pathways and their implications for cardiothoracic surgeons and cardiologists is lacking. As such, we provide an overview on embryology, hemodynamics, and messenger pathways of the healthy and diseased AV and its implications for clinical practice, by relating this knowledge to current treatment alternatives and clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliaan L Notenboom
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Van Hoof
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Art Schuermans
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johanna J M Takkenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Filip R Rega
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yannick J H J Taverne
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Reis A, Rocha BS, Laranjinha J, de Freitas V. Dietary (poly)phenols as modulators of the biophysical properties in endothelial cell membranes: its impact on nitric oxide bioavailability in hypertension. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38281810 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major contributor to premature death, owing to the associated increased risk of damage to the heart, brain and kidneys. Although hypertension is manageable by medication and lifestyle changes, the risk increases with age. In an increasingly aged society, the incidence of hypertension is escalating, and is expected to increase the prevalence of (cerebro)vascular events and their associated mortality. Adherence to plant-based diets improves blood pressure and vascular markers in individuals with hypertension. Food flavonoids have an inhibitory effect towards angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE1) and although this effect is greatly diminished upon metabolization, their microbial metabolites have been found to improve endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Considering the transmembrane location of ACE1 and eNOS, the ability of (poly)phenols to interact with membrane lipids modulate the cell membrane's biophysical properties and impact on nitric oxide (· NO) synthesis and bioavailability, remain poorly studied. Herein, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the lipid remodeling of endothelial membranes with age, its impact on the cell membrane's biophysical properties and · NO permeability across the endothelial barrier. We also discuss the potential of (poly)phenols and other plant-based compounds as key players in hypertension management, and address the caveats and challenges in adopted methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbara S Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciências da Saúde, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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24
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He J, Blazeski A, Nilanthi U, Menéndez J, Pirani SC, Levic DS, Bagnat M, Singh MK, Raya JG, García-Cardeña G, Torres-Vázquez J. Plxnd1-mediated mechanosensing of blood flow controls the caliber of the Dorsal Aorta via the transcription factor Klf2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.576555. [PMID: 38328196 PMCID: PMC10849625 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.576555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The cardiovascular system generates and responds to mechanical forces. The heartbeat pumps blood through a network of vascular tubes, which adjust their caliber in response to the hemodynamic environment. However, how endothelial cells in the developing vascular system integrate inputs from circulatory forces into signaling pathways to define vessel caliber is poorly understood. Using vertebrate embryos and in vitro-assembled microvascular networks of human endothelial cells as models, flow and genetic manipulations, and custom software, we reveal that Plexin-D1, an endothelial Semaphorin receptor critical for angiogenic guidance, employs its mechanosensing activity to serve as a crucial positive regulator of the Dorsal Aorta's (DA) caliber. We also uncover that the flow-responsive transcription factor KLF2 acts as a paramount mechanosensitive effector of Plexin-D1 that enlarges endothelial cells to widen the vessel. These findings illuminate the molecular and cellular mechanisms orchestrating the interplay between cardiovascular development and hemodynamic forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Adriana Blazeski
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Uthayanan Nilanthi
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857
| | - Javier Menéndez
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Samuel C. Pirani
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel S. Levic
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michel Bagnat
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Manvendra K. Singh
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609
| | - José G Raya
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jesús Torres-Vázquez
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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25
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Hirth E, Cao W, Peltonen M, Kapetanovic E, Dietsche C, Svanberg S, Filippova M, Reddy S, Dittrich PS. Self-assembled and perfusable microvasculature-on-chip for modeling leukocyte trafficking. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:292-304. [PMID: 38086670 PMCID: PMC10793075 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00719g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment from blood to tissue is a process that occurs at the level of capillary vessels during both physiological and pathological conditions. This process is also relevant for evaluating novel adoptive cell therapies, in which the trafficking of therapeutic cells such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells throughout the capillaries of solid tumors is important. Local variations in blood flow, mural cell concentration, and tissue stiffness contribute to the regulation of capillary vascular permeability and leukocyte trafficking throughout the capillary microvasculature. We developed a platform to mimic a biologically functional human arteriole-venule microcirculation system consisting of pericytes (PCs) and arterial and venous primary endothelial cells (ECs) embedded within a hydrogel, which self-assembles into a perfusable, heterogeneous microvasculature. Our device shows a preferential association of PCs with arterial ECs that drives the flow-dependent formation of microvasculature networks. We show that PCs stimulate basement membrane matrix synthesis, which affects both vessel diameter and permeability in a manner correlating with the ratio of ECs to PCs. Moreover, we demonstrate that hydrogel concentration can affect capillary morphology but has no observed effect on vascular permeability. The biological function of our capillary network was demonstrated using an inflammation model, where significantly higher expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules was observed after tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) treatment. Accordingly, T cell adherence and transendothelial migration were significantly increased in the immune-activated state. Taken together, our platform allows the generation of a perfusable microvasculature that recapitulates the structure and function of an in vivo capillary bed that can be used as a model for developing potential immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hirth
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Wuji Cao
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marina Peltonen
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Edo Kapetanovic
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Claudius Dietsche
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sara Svanberg
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Filippova
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sai Reddy
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Petra S Dittrich
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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26
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Kotlyarov S. Identification of Important Genes Associated with the Development of Atherosclerosis. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:29-45. [PMID: 36999180 DOI: 10.2174/1566523223666230330091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important medical problems due to its prevalence and significant contribution to the structure of temporary and permanent disability and mortality. Atherosclerosis is a complex chain of events occurring in the vascular wall over many years. Disorders of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and impaired hemodynamics are important mechanisms of atherogenesis. A growing body of evidence strengthens the understanding of the role of genetic and epigenetic factors in individual predisposition and development of atherosclerosis and its clinical outcomes. In addition, hemodynamic changes, lipid metabolism abnormalities, and inflammation are closely related and have many overlapping links in regulation. A better study of these mechanisms may improve the quality of diagnosis and management of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University Named After Academician I.P. Pavlov, Russian Federation
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27
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Petit LMG, Belgacemi R, Ancel J, Saber Cherif L, Polette M, Perotin JM, Spassky N, Pilette C, Al Alam D, Deslée G, Dormoy V. Airway ciliated cells in adult lung homeostasis and COPD. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230106. [PMID: 38056888 PMCID: PMC10698550 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0106-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia are organelles emanating from the cell surface, consisting of an axoneme of microtubules that extends from a basal body derived from the centrioles. They are either isolated and nonmotile (primary cilia), or grouped and motile (motile cilia). Cilia are at the centre of fundamental sensory processes and are involved in a wide range of human disorders. Pulmonary cilia include motile cilia lining the epithelial cells of the conductive airways to orchestrate mucociliary clearance, and primary cilia found on nondifferentiated epithelial and mesenchymal cells acting as sensors and cell cycle keepers. Whereas cilia are essential along the airways, their regulatory molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood, resulting in a lack of therapeutic strategies targeting their structure or functions. This review summarises the current knowledge on cilia in the context of lung homeostasis and COPD to provide a comprehensive overview of the (patho)biology of cilia in respiratory medicine with a particular emphasis on COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure M G Petit
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
| | - Randa Belgacemi
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Julien Ancel
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Service de Pneumologie, Reims, France
| | - Lynda Saber Cherif
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
| | - Myriam Polette
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire de Biopathologie, Reims, France
| | - Jeanne-Marie Perotin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Service de Pneumologie, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Spassky
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Charles Pilette
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research - Pole of Pneumology, ENT, Dermatology and Pulmonology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denise Al Alam
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Gaëtan Deslée
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Service de Pneumologie, Reims, France
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM, P3Cell UMR-S1250, SFR CAP-SANTE, Reims, France
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28
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Cherubini M, Erickson S, Padmanaban P, Haberkant P, Stein F, Beltran-Sastre V, Haase K. Flow in fetoplacental-like microvessels in vitro enhances perfusion, barrier function, and matrix stability. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj8540. [PMID: 38134282 PMCID: PMC10745711 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj8540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Proper placental vascularization is vital for pregnancy outcomes, but assessing it with animal models and human explants has limitations. We introduce a 3D in vitro model of human placenta terminal villi including fetal mesenchyme and vascular endothelium. By coculturing HUVEC, placental fibroblasts, and pericytes in a macrofluidic chip with a flow reservoir, we generate fully perfusable fetal microvessels. Pressure-driven flow facilitates microvessel growth and remodeling, resulting in early formation of interconnected and lasting placental-like vascular networks. Computational fluid dynamics simulations predict shear forces, which increase microtissue stiffness, decrease diffusivity, and enhance barrier function as shear stress rises. Mass spectrometry analysis reveals enhanced protein expression with flow, including matrix stability regulators, proteins associated with actin dynamics, and cytoskeleton organization. Our model provides a powerful tool for deducing complex in vivo parameters, such as shear stress on developing vascularized placental tissue, and holds promise for unraveling gestational disorders related to the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cherubini
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Scott Erickson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Per Haberkant
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Stein
- Proteomics Core Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Kristina Haase
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Rodriguez BV, Wen Y, Shirk EN, Vazquez S, Gololobova O, Maxwell A, Plunkard J, Castell N, Carlson B, Queen SE, Izzi JM, Driedonks TAP, Witwer KW. An ex vivo model of interactions between extracellular vesicles and peripheral mononuclear blood cells in whole blood. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12368. [PMID: 38047476 PMCID: PMC10694845 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be loaded with therapeutic cargo and engineered for retention by specific body sites; therefore, they have great potential for targeted delivery of biomolecules to treat diseases. However, the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of EVs in large animals remain relatively unknown, especially in primates. We recently reported that when cell culture-derived EVs are administered intravenously to Macaca nemestrina (pig-tailed macaques), they differentially associate with specific subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). More than 60% of CD20+ B cells were observed to associate with EVs for up to 1 h post-intravenous administration. To investigate these associations further, we developed an ex vivo model of whole blood collected from healthy pig-tailed macaques. Using this ex vivo system, we found that labelled EVs preferentially associate with B cells in whole blood at levels similar to those detected in vivo. This study demonstrates that ex vivo blood can be used to study EV-blood cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca V. Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Erin N. Shirk
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Samuel Vazquez
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Olesia Gololobova
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Amanda Maxwell
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jessica Plunkard
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Natalie Castell
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Bess Carlson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Suzanne E. Queen
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jessica M. Izzi
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Tom A. P. Driedonks
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- University Medical CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative PathobiologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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30
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Blazeski A, Floryan MA, Fajardo-Ramírez OR, Meibalan E, Ortiz-Urbina J, Angelidakis E, Shelton SE, Kamm RD, García-Cardeña G. Engineering microvascular networks using a KLF2 reporter to probe flow-dependent endothelial cell function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.31.565021. [PMID: 37961543 PMCID: PMC10635035 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.31.565021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Shear stress generated by the flow of blood in the vasculature is a potent regulator of endothelial cell phenotype and vascular structure. While vascular responses to flow are complex and context-dependent, endothelial cell signaling in response to shear stress induced by laminar flows is coordinated by the transcription factor KLF2. The expression of KLF2 in endothelial cells is associated with a quiescent, anti-inflammatory phenotype and has been well characterized in two-dimensional systems, but has not been studied in three-dimensional in vitro systems. Here we develop engineered microvascular networks (MVNs) with a KLF2-based endothelial cell sensor within a microfluidic chip, apply continuous flow using an attached microfluidic pump, and study the effects of this flow on vascular structure and function. We found that culture of MVNs exposed to flow for 48 hours that resulted in increased expression of the KLF2-GFP-reporter display larger vessel diameters and decreased vascular branching and resistance. Additionally, vessel diameters after the application of flow were independent of initial MVN morphologies. Finally, we found that MVNs exposed to flow have improved vascular barrier function and decreased platelet adhesion. The MVNs with KLF2-based flow sensors represent a powerful tool for evaluating the structural and functional effects of flow on engineered three-dimensional vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Blazeski
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marie A. Floryan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Oscar R. Fajardo-Ramírez
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesús Ortiz-Urbina
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emmanouil Angelidakis
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Shelton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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31
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Cherkaoui I, Bettaibi S, Barkaoui A, Kuznik F. Toward a Mesoscopic Modeling Approach of Magnetohydrodynamic Blood Flow in Pathological Vessels: A Comprehensive Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:2415-2440. [PMID: 37639179 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) blood flow within configurations that are pertinent to the human anatomy holds significant importance in the realm of scientific inquiry because of its practical implications within the medical field. This article presents an exhaustive appraisal of the diverse applications of magnetohydrodynamics and their computational modeling in biological contexts. These applications are classified into two categories: simple flow and pulsatile flow. An alternative approach of traditional CFD methods called Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM), a mesoscopic method based on kinetic theory, is introduced to solve complex problems, such as hemodynamics. The results show that the flow velocity reduces considerably by increasing the magnetic field intensity, and the flow separation area is minimized by the increase of magnetic field strength. The LBM with BGK collision model has shown good results in terms of precision. Finally, this literature review has revealed a number of potential avenues for further research. Suggestions for future works are proposed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Cherkaoui
- Laboratoire des Energies Renouvelable et Matériaux Avancés, Université Internationale de Rabat (UIR), Rocade Rabat-Salé, 11100, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Soufiene Bettaibi
- Laboratoire des Energies Renouvelable et Matériaux Avancés, Université Internationale de Rabat (UIR), Rocade Rabat-Salé, 11100, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Abdelwahed Barkaoui
- Laboratoire des Energies Renouvelable et Matériaux Avancés, Université Internationale de Rabat (UIR), Rocade Rabat-Salé, 11100, Rabat, Morocco
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32
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Murphy AR, Allenby MC. In vitro microvascular engineering approaches and strategies for interstitial tissue integration. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:114-130. [PMID: 37717711 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The increasing gap between clinical demand for tissue or organ transplants and the availability of donated tissue highlights the emerging opportunities for lab-grown or synthetically engineered tissue. While the field of tissue engineering has existed for nearly half a century, its clinical translation remains unrealised, in part, due to a limited ability to engineer sufficient vascular supply into fabricated tissue, which is necessary to enable nutrient and waste exchange, prevent cellular necrosis, and support tissue proliferation. Techniques to develop anatomically relevant, functional vascular networks in vitro have made significant progress in the last decade, however, the challenge now remains as to how best incorporate these throughout dense parenchymal tissue-like structures to address diffusion-limited development and allow for the fabrication of large-scale vascularised tissue. This review explores advances made in the laboratory engineering of vasculature structures and summarises recent attempts to integrate vascular networks together with sophisticated in vitro avascular tissue and organ-like structures. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The ability to grow full scale, functional tissue and organs in vitro is primarily limited by an inability to adequately diffuse oxygen and nutrients throughout developing cellularised structures, which generally results from the absence of perfusable vessel networks. Techniques to engineering both perfusable vascular networks and avascular miniaturised organ-like structures have recently increased in complexity, sophistication, and physiological relevance. However, integrating these two essential elements into a single functioning vascularised tissue structure represents a significant spatial and temporal engineering challenge which is yet to be surmounted. Here, we explore a range of vessel morphogenic phenomena essential for tissue-vascular co-development, as well as evaluate a range of recent noteworthy approaches for generating vascularised tissue products in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Murphy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4100, Australia
| | - M C Allenby
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4100, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Medical, Mechanical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
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33
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Jain A, Ang PS, Matrongolo MJ, Tischfield MA. Understanding the development, pathogenesis, and injury response of meningeal lymphatic networks through the use of animal models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:332. [PMID: 37872442 PMCID: PMC11072018 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04984-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) help maintain central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis via their ability to facilitate macromolecule waste clearance and neuroimmune trafficking. Although these vessels were overlooked for centuries, they have now been characterized in humans, non-human primates, and rodents. Recent studies in mice have explored the stereotyped growth and expansion of MLVs in dura mater, the various transcriptional, signaling, and environmental factors regulating their development and long-term maintenance, and the pathological changes these vessels undergo in injury, disease, or with aging. Key insights gained from these studies have also been leveraged to develop therapeutic approaches that help augment or restore MLV functions to improve brain health and cognition. Here, we review fundamental processes that control the development of peripheral lymphatic networks and how these might apply to the growth and expansion of MLVs in their unique meningeal environment. We also emphasize key findings in injury and disease models that may reveal additional insights into the plasticity of these vessels throughout the lifespan. Finally, we highlight unanswered questions and future areas of study that can further reveal the exciting therapeutic potential of meningeal lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Jain
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Phillip S Ang
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Matthew J Matrongolo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Max A Tischfield
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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Zhao N, Chung TD, Guo Z, Jamieson JJ, Liang L, Linville RM, Pessell AF, Wang L, Searson PC. The influence of physiological and pathological perturbations on blood-brain barrier function. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1289894. [PMID: 37937070 PMCID: PMC10626523 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1289894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is located at the interface between the vascular system and the brain parenchyma, and is responsible for communication with systemic circulation and peripheral tissues. During life, the BBB can be subjected to a wide range of perturbations or stresses that may be endogenous or exogenous, pathological or therapeutic, or intended or unintended. The risk factors for many diseases of the brain are multifactorial and involve perturbations that may occur simultaneously (e.g., two-hit model for Alzheimer's disease) and result in different outcomes. Therefore, it is important to understand the influence of individual perturbations on BBB function in isolation. Here we review the effects of eight perturbations: mechanical forces, temperature, electromagnetic radiation, hypoxia, endogenous factors, exogenous factors, chemical factors, and pathogens. While some perturbations may result in acute or chronic BBB disruption, many are also exploited for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The resultant outcome on BBB function depends on the dose (or magnitude) and duration of the perturbation. Homeostasis may be restored by self-repair, for example, via processes such as proliferation of affected cells or angiogenesis to create new vasculature. Transient or sustained BBB dysfunction may result in acute or pathological symptoms, for example, microhemorrhages or hypoperfusion. In more extreme cases, perturbations may lead to cytotoxicity and cell death, for example, through exposure to cytotoxic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tracy D. Chung
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhaobin Guo
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John J. Jamieson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lily Liang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Raleigh M. Linville
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alex F. Pessell
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Linus Wang
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter C. Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Favre J, Roy C, Guihot AL, Drouin A, Laprise M, Gillis MA, Robson SC, Thorin E, Sévigny J, Henrion D, Kauffenstein G. NTPDase1/CD39 Ectonucleotidase Is Necessary for Normal Arterial Diameter Adaptation to Flow. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15038. [PMID: 37894719 PMCID: PMC10606763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NTPDase1/CD39, the major vascular ectonucleotidase, exerts thrombo-immunoregulatory function by controlling endothelial P2 receptor activation. Despite the well-described release of ATP from endothelial cells, few data are available regarding the potential role of CD39 as a regulator of arterial diameter. We thus investigated the contribution of CD39 in short-term diameter adaptation and long-term arterial remodeling in response to flow using Entpd1-/- male mice. Compared to wild-type littermates, endothelial-dependent relaxation was modified in Entpd1-/- mice. Specifically, the vasorelaxation in response to ATP was potentiated in both conductance (aorta) and small resistance (mesenteric and coronary) arteries. By contrast, the relaxing responses to acetylcholine were supra-normalized in thoracic aortas while decreased in resistance arteries from Entpd1-/- mice. Acute flow-mediated dilation, measured via pressure myography, was dramatically diminished and outward remodeling induced by in vivo chronic increased shear stress was altered in the mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from Entpd1-/- mice compared to wild-types. Finally, changes in vascular reactivity in Entpd1-/- mice were also evidenced by a decrease in the coronary output measured in isolated perfused hearts compared to the wild-type mice. Our results highlight a key regulatory role for purinergic signaling and CD39 in endothelium-dependent short- and long-term arterial diameter adaptation to increased flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Favre
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Charlotte Roy
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Anne-Laure Guihot
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Annick Drouin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Manon Laprise
- Animal Physiology Service, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
| | - Marc-Antoine Gillis
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eric Thorin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et D’immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Henrion
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Gilles Kauffenstein
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
- INSERM UMR 1260—Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Monaco CF, Davis JS. Mechanisms of angioregression of the corpus luteum. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1254943. [PMID: 37841308 PMCID: PMC10568036 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1254943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a transient ovarian endocrine gland that produces the progesterone necessary for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The formation and function of this gland involves angiogenesis, establishing the tissue with a robust blood flow and vast microvasculature required to support production of progesterone. Every steroidogenic cell within the corpus luteum is in direct contact with a capillary, and disruption of angiogenesis impairs luteal development and function. At the end of a reproductive cycle, the corpus luteum ceases progesterone production and undergoes rapid structural regression into a nonfunctional corpus albicans in a process initiated and exacerbated by the luteolysin prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Structural regression is accompanied by complete regression of the luteal microvasculature in which endothelial cells die and are sloughed off into capillaries and lymphatic vessels. During luteal regression, changes in nitric oxide transiently increase blood flow, followed by a reduction in blood flow and progesterone secretion. Early luteal regression is marked by an increased production of cytokines and chemokines and influx of immune cells. Microvascular endothelial cells are sensitive to released factors during luteolysis, including thrombospondin, endothelin, and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFB1). Although PGF2α is known to be a vasoconstrictor, endothelial cells do not express receptors for PGF2α, therefore it is believed that the angioregression occurring during luteolysis is mediated by factors downstream of PGF2α signaling. Yet, the exact mechanisms responsible for angioregression in the corpus luteum remain unknown. This review describes the current knowledge on angioregression of the corpus luteum and the roles of vasoactive factors released during luteolysis on luteal vasculature and endothelial cells of the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine F. Monaco
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - John S. Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE, United States
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Sánchez-Duffhues G, Hiepen C. Human iPSCs as Model Systems for BMP-Related Rare Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2200. [PMID: 37681932 PMCID: PMC10487005 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling contribute to onset and development of a number of rare genetic diseases, including Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). After decades of animal research to build a solid foundation in understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms, the progressive implementation of iPSC-based patient-derived models will improve drug development by addressing drug efficacy, specificity, and toxicity in a complex humanized environment. We will review the current state of literature on iPSC-derived model systems in this field, with special emphasis on the access to patient source material and the complications that may come with it. Given the essential role of BMPs during embryonic development and stem cell differentiation, gain- or loss-of-function mutations in the BMP signalling pathway may compromise iPSC generation, maintenance, and differentiation procedures. This review highlights the need for careful optimization of the protocols used. Finally, we will discuss recent developments towards complex in vitro culture models aiming to resemble specific tissue microenvironments with multi-faceted cellular inputs, such as cell mechanics and ECM together with organoids, organ-on-chip, and microfluidic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Sánchez-Duffhues
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), ISPA-HUCA, Avda. de Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Hiepen
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, August-Schmidt-Ring 10, 45665 Recklinghausen, Germany
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Das D, Shruthi NR, Banerjee A, Jothimani G, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. Endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome: molecular insights and combating strategies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1221438. [PMID: 37614749 PMCID: PMC10442661 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1221438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifaceted condition that increases the possibility of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. MetS includes obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet hyperactivity. There is a concerning rise in the occurrence and frequency of MetS globally. The rising incidence and severity of MetS need a proactive, multipronged strategy for identifying and treating those affected. For many MetS patients, achieving recommended goals for healthy fat intake, blood pressure control, and blood glucose management may require a combination of medicine therapy, lifestyles, nutraceuticals, and others. However, it is essential to note that lifestyle modification should be the first-line therapy for MetS. In addition, MetS requires pharmacological, nutraceutical, or other interventions. This review aimed to bring together the etiology, molecular mechanisms, and dietary strategies to combat hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet dysfunction in individuals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptimayee Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagainallur Ravichandran Shruthi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Jothimani
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Crawshaw JR, Flegg JA, Bernabeu MO, Osborne JM. Mathematical models of developmental vascular remodelling: A review. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011130. [PMID: 37535698 PMCID: PMC10399886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 40 years, there has been a strong focus on the development of mathematical models of angiogenesis, while developmental remodelling has received little such attention from the mathematical community. Sprouting angiogenesis can be seen as a very crude way of laying out a primitive vessel network (the raw material), while remodelling (understood as pruning of redundant vessels, diameter control, and the establishment of vessel identity and hierarchy) is the key to turning that primitive network into a functional network. This multiscale problem is of prime importance in the development of a functional vasculature. In addition, defective remodelling (either during developmental remodelling or due to a reactivation of the remodelling programme caused by an injury) is associated with a significant number of diseases. In this review, we discuss existing mathematical models of developmental remodelling and explore the important contributions that these models have made to the field of vascular development. These mathematical models are effectively used to investigate and predict vascular development and are able to reproduce experimentally observable results. Moreover, these models provide a useful means of hypothesis generation and can explain the underlying mechanisms driving the observed structural and functional network development. However, developmental vascular remodelling is still a relatively new area in mathematical biology, and many biological questions remain unanswered. In this review, we present the existing modelling paradigms and define the key challenges for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Crawshaw
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Flegg
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miguel O. Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- The Bayes Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James M. Osborne
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Shokouhmand A, Ayazi F, Ebadi N. Fingertip Strain Plethysmography: Representation of Pulse Information based on Vascular Vibration. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-5. [PMID: 38082687 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
This study presents fingertip strain plethysmography (SPG) as a visual trace of cardiac cycles in peripheral vessels. The setup includes a small, sensitive MEMS strain sensor attached to the fingertip to capture the pulsatile vibrations corresponding to cardiac cycles. SPG is evaluated on 10 healthy subjects for the estimation of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), as well as heartbeat-derived respiratory rate (RR) which is an HRV parameter. The estimated parameters are compared with a simultaneously-recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) for HR and HRV, and an inertial sensor placed on the chest wall for RR. Bland-Altman analyses suggest small estimation biases of 0.03 beats-per-minute (BPM) and 0.38 ms for HR and HRV respectively, demonstrating excellent agreement between fingertip SPG and ECG. The average estimation accuracies of 99.88% (± 0.04), 96.43% (± 1.44), and 92.64% (± 2.30) for HR, HRV, and RR respectively, prove the reliability of SPG for hemodynamic monitoring.Clinical Relevance- Conventional plethysmography sensors are either cumbersome or susceptible to skin color. This effort is a fundamental step towards the augmentation of conventional methods, thus ensuring stable, clinical-grade hemodynamic monitoring.
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Wang YK, Weng HK, Mo FE. The regulation and functions of the matricellular CCN proteins induced by shear stress. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00760-z. [PMID: 37191841 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear stress is a frictional drag generated by the flow of fluid, such as blood or interstitial fluid, and plays a critical role in regulating cellular gene expression and functional phenotype. The matricellular CCN family proteins are dynamically regulated by shear stress of different flow patterns, and their expression significantly alters the microenvironment of cells. Secreted CCN proteins mainly bind to several cell surface integrin receptors to mediate their diverse functions in regulating cell survival, function, and behavior. Gene-knockout studies indicate major functions of CCN proteins in the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, the two primary systems in which CCN expressions are regulated by shear stress. In the cardiovascular system, the endothelium is directly exposed to vascular shear stress. Unidirectional laminar blood flow generates laminar shear stress, which promotes a mature endothelial phenotype and upregulates anti-inflammatory CCN3 expression. In contrast, disturbed flow generates oscillatory shear stress, which induces endothelial dysfunction through the induction of CCN1 and CCN2. Shear-induced CCN1 binds to integrin α6β1 and promotes superoxide production, NF-κB activation, and inflammatory gene expression in endothelial cells. Although the interaction between shear stress and CCN4-6 is not clear, CCN 4 exhibits a proinflammatory property and CCN5 inhibits vascular cell growth and migration. The crucial roles of CCN proteins in cardiovascular development, homeostasis, and disease are evident but not fully understood. In the skeletal system, mechanical loading on bone generates shear stress from interstitial fluid in the lacuna-canalicular system and promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. CCN1 and CCN2 are induced and potentially mediate fluid shear stress mechanosensing in osteocytes. However, the exact roles of interstitial shear stress-induced CCN1 and CCN2 in bone are still not clear. In contrast to other CCN family proteins, CCN3 inhibits osteoblast differentiation, although its regulation by interstitial shear stress in osteocytes has not been reported. The induction of CCN proteins by shear stress in bone and their functions remain largely unknown and merit further investigation. This review discusses the expression and functions of CCN proteins regulated by shear stress in physiological conditions, diseases, and cell culture models. The roles between CCN family proteins can be compensatory or counteractive in tissue remodeling and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Kao Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kai Weng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Fan-E Mo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Tanase DM, Valasciuc E, Gosav EM, Ouatu A, Buliga-Finis ON, Floria M, Maranduca MA, Serban IL. Portrayal of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Atherosclerosis: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098162. [PMID: 37175869 PMCID: PMC10179095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We are witnessing the globalization of a specific type of arteriosclerosis with rising prevalence, incidence and an overall cardiovascular disease burden. Currently, atherosclerosis increasingly affects the younger generation as compared to previous decades. While early preventive medicine has seen improvements, research advances in laboratory and clinical investigation promise to provide us with novel diagnosis tools. Given the physio-pathological complexity and epigenetic patterns of atherosclerosis and the discovery of new molecules involved, the therapeutic field of atherosclerosis has room for substantial growth. Thus, the scientific community is currently investigating the role of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a crucial component of the innate immune system in different inflammatory disorders. NLRP3 is activated by distinct factors and numerous cellular and molecular events which trigger NLRP3 inflammasome assembly with subsequent cleavage of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β and pro-IL-18 pathways via caspase-1 activation, eliciting endothelial dysfunction, promotion of oxidative stress and the inflammation process of atherosclerosis. In this review, we introduce the basic cellular and molecular mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its role in atherosclerosis. We also emphasize its promising therapeutic pharmaceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Tanase
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Emilia Valasciuc
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Evelina Maria Gosav
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Ouatu
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Nicoleta Buliga-Finis
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Minela Aida Maranduca
- Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela Lacramioara Serban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Fan X, Huang J, Hu B, Zhou J, Chen L. Tumor-expressed B7-H3 promotes vasculogenic mimicry formation rather than angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04790-3. [PMID: 37129607 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), an alternative microvascular circulation independent of angiogenesis, is formed by aggressive cancer cells. Tumor-expressed B7-H3 has been reported to promote VM formation in hepatocellular carcinoma and modulate angiogenesis in breast cancer and colorectal cancer. However, its effects on VM generation and angiogenesis in non-small cell Lung cancer (NSCLC) remained to be elucidated. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9-mediated B7-H3 knockout (KO) was conducted in NSCLC A549 and H3255 cells. The expression of VM-related proteins, including vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14), and the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by western blotting and chemiluminescence assay in both B7-H3 KO and mock-edited A549 and H3255 cells. To examine VM formation, a three-dimensional (3D) culture model was used for B7-H3 KO and mock A549 and H3255 cells. For in vivo analysis, xenograft mice models were established using B7-H3 KO and mock-edited A549 cells, and immunohistochemical (CD31) and histochemical (periodic acid-Schiff, PAS) double staining were performed to identify VM and endothelial vessels in tumor tissues. Finally, specific signaling inhibitors were used to analyze B7-H3-induced signaling pathway responsible for VE-cadherin and MMP14 expression and VM generation. RESULTS Higher expression of B7-H3 was associated with a worse prognosis and more advanced T-category in NSCLC. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated B7-H3 KO in A549 and H3255 cells led to decreased expression of VE-cadherin and MMP14; however, the secretion of VEGF by the two cell lines remained unchanged. In the 3D cell culture model, both B7-H3 KO A549 and H3255 cells showed a significant reduction in the formation of capillary-like tubular structures compared to mock-edited cells. In the in vivo xenograft model, mock-edited A549 cells formed excessive PAS+ CD31- VM channels, while B7-H3 KO restrained VM formation in the xenograft tumors. However, no significant differences were found in CD31+ endothelial vessels between xenografts formed by B7-H3 KO and mock-edited A549 cells. Finally, we analyzed the signaling pathway responsible for B7-H3-induced VM formation and found that selective inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) hyperactivation by LY294002 was associated with decreased expression of MMP14 and VE-cadherin, and in vitro VM formation by both A549 and H3255 cells. CONCLUSIONS Tumor-expressed B7-H3 acts via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote VM formation by NSCLC cells while bears no effects on angiogenesis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bingqi Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liwen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Park K, An S, Kim J, Yoon S, Song J, Jung D, Park J, Lee Y, Son D, Seo J. Resealable Antithrombotic Artificial Vascular Graft Integrated with a Self-Healing Blood Flow Sensor. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7296-7310. [PMID: 37026563 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting is commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases by replacing blocked blood vessels with autologous or artificial blood vessels. Nevertheless, the availability of autologous vessels in infants and the elderly and low long-term patency rate of grafts hinder extensive application of autologous vessels in clinical practice. The biological and mechanical properties of the resealable antithrombotic artificial vascular graft (RAAVG) fabricated herein, comprising a bioelectronic conduit based on a tough self-healing polymer (T-SHP) and a lubricious inner coating, match with the functions of autologous blood vessels. The self-healing and elastic properties of the T-SHP confer resistance against mechanical stimuli and promote conformal sealing of suturing regions, thereby preventing leakage (stable fixation under a strain of 50%). The inner layer of the RAAVG presents antibiofouling properties against blood cells and proteins, and antithrombotic properties, owing to its lubricious coating. Moreover, the blood-flow sensor fabricated using the T-SHP and carbon nanotubes is seamlessly integrated into the RAAVG via self-healing and allows highly sensitive monitoring of blood flow at low and high flow rates (10- and 100 mL min-1, respectively). Biocompatibility and feasibility of RAAVG as an artificial graft were demonstrated via ex vivo, and in vivo experiment using a rodent model. The use of RAAVGs to replace blocked blood vessels can improve the long-term patency rate of coronary artery bypass grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kijun Park
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojung An
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Yoon
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Superintelligence Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyang Song
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Superintelligence Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekwang Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Park
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Lynk Solutec Inc., Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeontaek Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Son
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Superintelligence Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmok Seo
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Lynk Solutec Inc., Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Piekarska K, Bonowicz K, Grzanka A, Jaworski ŁM, Reiter RJ, Slominski AT, Steinbrink K, Kleszczyński K, Gagat M. Melatonin and TGF-β-Mediated Release of Extracellular Vesicles. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040575. [PMID: 37110233 PMCID: PMC10142249 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system, unlike other systems, must be flexible and able to "adapt" to fully cope with lurking dangers. The transition from intracorporeal balance to homeostasis disruption is associated with activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, which causes modulation of the immunology response. Chemotactic cytokines, signaling molecules, and extracellular vesicles act as critical mediators of inflammation and participate in intercellular communication, conditioning the immune system's proper response. Among the well-known cytokines allowing for the development and proper functioning of the immune system by mediating cell survival and cell-death-inducing signaling, the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) are noteworthy. The high bloodstream concentration of those pleiotropic cytokines can be characterized by anti- and pro-inflammatory activity, considering the powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress capabilities of TGF-β known from the literature. Together with the chemokines, the immune system response is also influenced by biologically active chemicals, such as melatonin. The enhanced cellular communication shows the relationship between the TGF-β signaling pathway and the extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted under the influence of melatonin. This review outlines the findings on melatonin activity on TGF-β-dependent inflammatory response regulation in cell-to-cell communication leading to secretion of the different EV populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Piekarska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Klaudia Bonowicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz M Jaworski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Konrad Kleszczyński
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Salipante PF. Microfluidic techniques for mechanical measurements of biological samples. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:011303. [PMID: 38505816 PMCID: PMC10903441 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The use of microfluidics to make mechanical property measurements is increasingly common. Fabrication of microfluidic devices has enabled various types of flow control and sensor integration at micrometer length scales to interrogate biological materials. For rheological measurements of biofluids, the small length scales are well suited to reach high rates, and measurements can be made on droplet-sized samples. The control of flow fields, constrictions, and external fields can be used in microfluidics to make mechanical measurements of individual bioparticle properties, often at high sampling rates for high-throughput measurements. Microfluidics also enables the measurement of bio-surfaces, such as the elasticity and permeability properties of layers of cells cultured in microfluidic devices. Recent progress on these topics is reviewed, and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F. Salipante
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Polymers and Complex Fluids Group, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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Jadon J, Yelin R, Arraf AA, Asleh MA, Zaher M, Schultheiss TM. Regulation of aortic morphogenesis and VE-cadherin dynamics by VEGF. Dev Biol 2023; 497:1-10. [PMID: 36841503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
In amniote vertebrates, the definitive dorsal aorta is formed by the fusion of two primordial aortic endothelial tubes. Formation of the definitive dorsal aorta requires extensive cellular migrations and rearrangements of the primordial tubes in order to generate a single vessel located at the embryonic ventral midline. This study examines the role of VEGF signaling in the generation of the definitive dorsal aorta. Through gain- and loss-of-function studies in vivo in the chick embryo, we document a requirement for VEGF signaling in growth and remodeling of the paired primordia. We find that regions of the aorta are differentially sensitive to levels of VEGF signaling, and present evidence that areas of low blood flow are more sensitive to the loss of VEGF signaling. We also find that VEGF signaling regulates the intracellular distribution between membrane and cytoplasm of the cell-cell adhesion molecule VE-cadherin in aortic endothelial cells in vivo. Together, these finding identify mechanisms that likely contribute to the dynamic behavior of endothelial cells during aorta morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Jadon
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Ronit Yelin
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Alaa A Arraf
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Manar Abboud Asleh
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Mira Zaher
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel
| | - Thomas M Schultheiss
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 31096, Israel.
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Abstract
Despite enormous advances, cardiovascular disorders are still a major threat to global health and are responsible for one-third of deaths worldwide. Research for new therapeutics and the investigation of their effects on vascular parameters is often limited by species-specific pathways and a lack of high-throughput methods. The complex 3-dimensional environment of blood vessels, intricate cellular crosstalks, and organ-specific architectures further complicate the quest for a faithful human in vitro model. The development of novel organoid models of various tissues such as brain, gut, and kidney signified a leap for the field of personalized medicine and disease research. By utilizing either embryonic- or patient-derived stem cells, different developmental and pathological mechanisms can be modeled and investigated in a controlled in vitro environment. We have recently developed self-organizing human capillary blood vessel organoids that recapitulate key processes of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and diabetic vasculopathy. Since then, this organoid system has been utilized as a model for other disease processes, refined, and adapted for organ specificity. In this review, we will discuss novel and alternative approaches to blood vessel engineering and explore the cellular identity of engineered blood vessels in comparison to in vivo vasculature. Future perspectives and the therapeutic potential of blood vessel organoids will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Salewskij
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (K.S., J.M.P.).,Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria (K.S.)
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna (K.S., J.M.P.).,Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (J.M.P.)
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Moon HR, Saha S, Mugler A, Han B. Cells function as a ternary logic gate to decide migration direction under integrated chemical and fluidic cues. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:631-644. [PMID: 36524874 PMCID: PMC9926949 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00807f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cells sense various environmental cues and subsequently process intracellular signals to decide their migration direction in many physiological and pathological processes. Although several signaling molecules and networks have been identified in these directed migrations, it still remains ambiguous to predict the migration direction under multiple and integrated cues, specifically chemical and fluidic cues. Here, we investigated the cellular signal processing machinery by reverse-engineering directed cell migration under integrated chemical and fluidic cues. We imposed controlled chemical and fluidic cues to cells using a microfluidic platform and analyzed the extracellular coupling of the cues with respect to the cellular detection limit. Then, the cell's migratory behavior was reverse-engineered to build a cellular signal processing system as a logic gate, which is based on a "selection" gate. This framework is further discussed with a minimal intracellular signaling network of a shared pathway model. The proposed framework of the ternary logic gate suggests a systematic view to understand how cells decode multiple cues and make decisions about the migration direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ran Moon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Soutick Saha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Andrew Mugler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Bumsoo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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50
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Matejčić M, Trepat X. Mechanobiological approaches to synthetic morphogenesis: learning by building. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:95-111. [PMID: 35879149 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Tissue morphogenesis occurs in a complex physicochemical microenvironment with limited experimental accessibility. This often prevents a clear identification of the processes that govern the formation of a given functional shape. By applying state-of-the-art methods to minimal tissue systems, synthetic morphogenesis aims to engineer the discrete events that are necessary and sufficient to build specific tissue shapes. Here, we review recent advances in synthetic morphogenesis, highlighting how a combination of microfabrication and mechanobiology is fostering our understanding of how tissues are built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Matejčić
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Trepat
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.
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