1
|
Giulietti S, Bigini V, Savatin DV. ROS and RNS production, subcellular localization, and signaling triggered by immunogenic danger signals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4512-4534. [PMID: 37950493 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants continuously monitor the environment to detect changing conditions and to properly respond, avoiding deleterious effects on their fitness and survival. An enormous number of cell surface and intracellular immune receptors are deployed to perceive danger signals associated with microbial infections. Ligand binding by cognate receptors represents the first essential event in triggering plant immunity and determining the outcome of the tissue invasion attempt. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are secondary messengers rapidly produced in different subcellular localizations upon the perception of immunogenic signals. Danger signal transduction inside the plant cells involves cytoskeletal rearrangements as well as several organelles and interactions between them to activate key immune signaling modules. Such immune processes depend on ROS and RNS accumulation, highlighting their role as key regulators in the execution of the immune cellular program. In fact, ROS and RNS are synergic and interdependent intracellular signals required for decoding danger signals and for the modulation of defense-related responses. Here we summarize current knowledge on ROS/RNS production, compartmentalization, and signaling in plant cells that have perceived immunogenic danger signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Giulietti
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bigini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Daniel V Savatin
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dard A, Van Breusegem F, Mhamdi A. Redox regulation of gene expression: proteomics reveals multiple previously undescribed redox-sensitive cysteines in transcription complexes and chromatin modifiers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4476-4493. [PMID: 38642390 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Redox signalling is crucial for regulating plant development and adaptation to environmental changes. Proteins with redox-sensitive cysteines can sense oxidative stress and modulate their functions. Recent proteomics efforts have comprehensively mapped the proteins targeted by oxidative modifications. The nucleus, the epicentre of transcriptional reprogramming, contains a large number of proteins that control gene expression. Specific redox-sensitive transcription factors have long been recognized as key players in decoding redox signals in the nucleus and thus in regulating transcriptional responses. Consequently, the redox regulation of the nuclear transcription machinery and its cofactors has received less attention. In this review, we screened proteomic datasets for redox-sensitive cysteines on proteins of the core transcription complexes and chromatin modifiers in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our analysis indicates that redox regulation affects every step of gene transcription, from initiation to elongation and termination. We report previously undescribed redox-sensitive subunits in transcription complexes and discuss the emerging challenges in unravelling the landscape of redox-regulated processes involved in nuclear gene transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avilien Dard
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Amna Mhamdi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hussain A, Faheem B, Jang HS, Lee DS, Mun BG, Rolly NK, Yun BW. Melatonin-Nitric Oxide Crosstalk in Plants and the Prospects of NOMela as a Nitric Oxide Donor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8535. [PMID: 39126104 PMCID: PMC11313359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin regulates vital physiological processes in animals, such as the circadian cycle, sleep, locomotion, body temperature, food intake, and sexual and immune responses. In plants, melatonin modulates seed germination, longevity, circadian cycle, photoperiodicity, flowering, leaf senescence, postharvest fruit storage, and resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. In plants, the effect of melatonin is mediated by various regulatory elements of the redox network, including RNS and ROS. Similarly, the radical gas NO mediates various physiological processes, like seed germination, flowering, leaf senescence, and stress responses. The biosynthesis of both melatonin and NO takes place in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Hence, both melatonin and nitric oxide are key signaling molecules governing their biological pathways independently. However, there are instances when these pathways cross each other and the two molecules interact with each other, resulting in the formation of N-nitrosomelatonin or NOMela, which is a nitrosated form of melatonin, discovered recently and with promising roles in plant development. The interaction between NO and melatonin is highly complex, and, although a handful of studies reporting these interactions have been published, the exact molecular mechanisms governing them and the prospects of NOMela as a NO donor have just started to be unraveled. Here, we review NO and melatonin production as well as RNS-melatonin interaction under normal and stressful conditions. Furthermore, for the first time, we provide highly sensitive, ozone-chemiluminescence-based comparative measurements of the nitric oxide content, as well as NO-release kinetics between NOMela and the commonly used NO donors CySNO and GSNO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Brekhna Faheem
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Hyung-Seok Jang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Sol Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Nkulu Kabange Rolly
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Easwaran M, Chi HY, Thiruvengadam M, Kim SH. Dynamic interplay of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in plant resilience: unveiling the signaling pathways and metabolic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:198. [PMID: 39023775 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Plants respond to environmental challenges by producing reactive species such as ROS and RNS, which play critical roles in signaling pathways that lead to adaptation and survival strategies. Understanding these pathways, as well as their detection methods and effects on plant development and metabolism, provides insight into increasing crop tolerance to combined stresses. Plants encounter various environmental stresses (abiotic and biotic) that affect plant growth and development. Plants sense biotic and abiotic stresses by producing different molecules, including reactive species, that act as signaling molecules and stimulate secondary messengers and subsequent gene transcription. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are produced in both physiological and pathological conditions in the plasma membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Various techniques, including spectroscopy, chromatography, and fluorescence methods, are used to detect highly reactive, short-half-life ROS and RNS either directly or indirectly. In this review, we highlight the roles of ROS and RNS in seed germination, root development, senescence, mineral nutrition, and post-harvest control. In addition, we provide information on the specialized metabolism involved in plant growth and development. Secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, are produced in low concentrations in plants for signaling and metabolism. Strategies for improving crop performance under combined drought and pathogen stress conditions are discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Maheswaran Easwaran
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Hee Youn Chi
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park YS, Kang SM, Kim YJ, Lee IJ. Exploring the dietary and therapeutic potential of licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) sprouts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118101. [PMID: 38527575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This research substantiates the traditional use of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. for liver health, with scientific evidence of the non-toxic and lipid-lowering properties of licorice sprout extracts. The sprouts' rich mineral and amino acid content, along with their strong antioxidant activity, reinforce their value in traditional medicine. These findings bridge ancient herbal practices with modern science, highlighting licorice's potential in contemporary therapeutic applications. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to investigate the dietary and medicinal potential of G. uralensis sprouts by assessing their safety, nutritional content, and antioxidant properties using both plant and animal models. Specifically, the study sought to determine the effects of different sizes of licorice sprouts on lipid metabolism in human liver cancer cells and their overall impact on rat health indicators. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study examined the effects of aqueous and organic extracts from G. uralensis sprouts of varying lengths on the cytotoxicity, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant activity in HepG2 cells, alongside in vivo impacts on Sprague-Dawley rats, using MTT, ICP, and HPLC. It aimed to assess the potential health benefits of licorice sprouts by analyzing their protective effects against oxidative stress and their nutritional content. RESULTS Licorice sprout extracts from G. uralensis demonstrated no cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, significantly reduced lipid levels, and enhanced antioxidant activities, with the longest sprouts (7 cm) showing higher mineral, sugar, and arginine content as well as increased glycyrrhizin and liquiritigenin. In vivo studies with Sprague-Dawley rats revealed weight gain and improved antioxidant enzyme activities in blood plasma and liver tissues after consuming the extracts, highlighting the sprouts' dietary and therapeutic potential. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate that G. uralensis sprouts, particularly those 7 cm in length, have no cytotoxic effects, reduce lipids, and have high mineral and antioxidant contents, offering promising dietary and therapeutic benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sung Park
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalleku JN, Ihsan S, Al-Azzawi TNI, Khan M, Hussain A, Chebitok F, Das AK, Moon YS, Mun BG, Lee IJ, Ali S, Yun BW. Halotolerant Pseudomonas koreensis S4T10 mitigate salt and drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14258. [PMID: 38522952 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Salt and drought are documented among the most detrimental and persistent abiotic stresses for crop production. Here, we investigated the impact of Pseudomonas koreensis strain S4T10 on plant performance under salt and drought stress. Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 wild type and atnced3 mutant plants were inoculated with P. koreensis or tap water and exposed to NaCl (100 mM) for five days and drought stress by withholding water for seven days. P. koreensis significantly enhanced plant biomass and photosynthetic pigments under salt and drought stress conditions. Moreover, P. koreensis activated the antioxidant defence by modulating glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities to scavenge the reactive oxygen species produced due to the stress. In addition, the application of P. koreensis upregulated the expression of genes associated with antioxidant responses, such as AtCAT1, AtCAT3, and AtSOD. Similarly, genes linked to salt stress, such as AtSOS1, AtSOS2, AtSOS3, AtNHX1, and AtHKT1, were also upregulated, affirming the positive role of P. koreensis S4T10 in streamlining the cellular influx and efflux transport systems during salt stress. Likewise, the PGPB inoculation was observed to regulate the expression of drought-responsive genes AtDREB2A, AtDREB2B, and ABA-responsive genes AtAO3, AtABA3 indicating that S4T10 enhanced drought tolerance via modulation of the ABA pathway. The results of this study affirm that P. koreensis S4T10 could be further developed as a biofertilizer to mitigate salt and drought stress at the same time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Nathanael Kalleku
- Department of Food Security and Agricultural Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Institute of International Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Samsoor Ihsan
- Department of Food Security and Agricultural Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Institute of International Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al-Azzawi
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Felistus Chebitok
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Moon
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Food Security and Agricultural Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Institute of International Research and Development, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sandalio LM, Espinosa J, Shabala S, León J, Romero-Puertas MC. Reactive oxygen species- and nitric oxide-dependent regulation of ion and metal homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5970-5988. [PMID: 37668424 PMCID: PMC10575707 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Deterioration and impoverishment of soil, caused by environmental pollution and climate change, result in reduced crop productivity. To adapt to hostile soils, plants have developed a complex network of factors involved in stress sensing, signal transduction, and adaptive responses. The chemical properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) allow them to participate in integrating the perception of external signals by fine-tuning protein redox regulation and signal transduction, triggering specific gene expression. Here, we update and summarize progress in understanding the mechanistic basis of ROS and RNS production at the subcellular level in plants and their role in the regulation of ion channels/transporters at both transcriptional and post-translational levels. We have also carried out an in silico analysis of different redox-dependent modifications of ion channels/transporters and identified cysteine and tyrosine targets of nitric oxide in metal transporters. Further, we summarize possible ROS- and RNS-dependent sensors involved in metal stress sensing, such as kinases and phosphatases, as well as some ROS/RNS-regulated transcription factors that could be involved in metal homeostasis. Understanding ROS- and RNS-dependent signaling events is crucial to designing new strategies to fortify crops and improve plant tolerance of nutritional imbalance and metal toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sandalio
- Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Espinosa
- Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Granada, Spain
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - José León
- Institute of Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology (CSIC-UPV), Valencia, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bibi M, Hussain A, Ali F, Ali A, Said F, Tariq K, Yun BW. In Silico Characterisation of the Aedes aegypti Gustatory Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12263. [PMID: 37569638 PMCID: PMC10419030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti, also known as the dengue mosquito or the yellow fewer mosquito, is the vector of dengue, chikungunya, Zika, Mayaro and yellow fever viruses. The A. aegypti genome contains an array of gustatory receptor (GR) proteins that are related to the recognition of taste. In this study, we performed in silico molecular characterization of all 72 A. aegypti GRs reported in the latest version of A. aegypti genome AaegL5. Phylogenetic analysis classified the receptors into three major clads. Multiple GRs were found to encode multiple transcripts. Physicochemical attributes such as the aliphatic index, hydropathicity index and isoelectric point indicated that A. aegypti gustatory receptors are highly stable and are tailored to perform under a variety of cellular environments. Analysis for subcellular localization indicated that all the GRs are located either in the extracellular matrix or the plasma membrane. Results also indicated that the GRs are distributed mainly on chromosomes 2 and 3, which house 22 and 49 GRs, respectively, whereas chromosome 1 houses only one GR. NCBI-CDD analysis showed the presence of a highly conserved 7tm_7 chemosensory receptor protein superfamily that includes gustatory and odorant receptors from insect species Anopheles gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster. Further, three significantly enriched ungapped motifs in the protein sequence of all 72 A. aegypti gustatory receptors were found. High-quality 3D models for the tertiary structures were predicted with significantly higher confidence, along with ligand-binding residues. Prediction of S-nitrosylation sites indicated the presence of target cysteines in all the GRs with close proximity to the ligand-bindings sites within the 3D structure of the receptors. In addition, two highly conserved motifs inside the GR proteins were discovered that house a tyrosine (Y) and a cysteine (C) residue which may serve as targets for NO-mediated tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosylation, respectively. This study will help devise strategies for functional genomic studies of these important receptor molecules in A. aegypti and other mosquito species through in vitro and in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bibi
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Said
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Tariq
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khan M, Al Azzawi TNI, Ali S, Yun BW, Mun BG. Nitric Oxide, a Key Modulator in the Alleviation of Environmental Stress-Mediated Damage in Crop Plants: A Meta-Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112121. [PMID: 37299100 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small, diatomic, gaseous, free radicle, lipophilic, diffusible, and highly reactive molecule with unique properties that make it a crucial signaling molecule with important physiological, biochemical, and molecular implications for plants under normal and stressful conditions. NO regulates plant growth and developmental processes, such as seed germination, root growth, shoot development, and flowering. It is also a signaling molecule in various plant growth processes, such as cell elongation, differentiation, and proliferation. NO also regulates the expression of genes encoding hormones and signaling molecules associated with plant development. Abiotic stresses induce NO production in plants, which can regulate various biological processes, such as stomatal closure, antioxidant defense, ion homeostasis, and the induction of stress-responsive genes. Moreover, NO can activate plant defense response mechanisms, such as the production of pathogenesis-related proteins, phytohormones, and metabolites against biotic and oxidative stressors. NO can also directly inhibit pathogen growth by damaging their DNA and proteins. Overall, NO exhibits diverse regulatory roles in plant growth, development, and defense responses through complex molecular mechanisms that still require further studies. Understanding NO's role in plant biology is essential for developing strategies for improved plant growth and stress tolerance in agriculture and environmental management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Al Azzawi TN, Khan M, Mun BG, Lee SU, Imran M, Hussain A, Rolly NK, Lee DS, Ali S, Lee IJ, Yun BW. Enhanced Resistance of atnigr1 against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Suggests Negative Regulation of Plant Basal Defense and Systemic Acquired Resistance by AtNIGR1 Encoding NAD(P)-Binding Rossmann-Fold in Arabidopsis thaliana. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050989. [PMID: 37237855 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates several biological and physiological processes in plants. This study investigated the role of Arabidopsis thaliana Negative Immune and Growth Regulator 1 (AtNIGR1), encoding an NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold superfamily, in the growth and immunity of Arabidopsis thaliana. AtNIGR1 was pooled from the CySNO transcriptome as a NO-responsive gene. Seeds of the knockout (atnigr1) and overexpression plants were evaluated for their response to oxidative [(hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methyl viologen (MV)] or nitro-oxidative [(S-nitroso-L-cysteine (CySNO) and S-nitroso glutathione (GSNO)] stress. Results showed that the root and shoot growth of atnigr1 (KO) and AtNIGR1 (OE) exhibited differential phenotypic responses under oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress and normal growth conditions. To investigate the role of the target gene in plant immunity, the biotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 virulent (Pst DC3000 vir) was used to assess the basal defense, while the Pst DC3000 avirulent (avrB) strain was used to investigate R-gene-mediated resistance and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Data revealed that AtNIGR1 negatively regulated basal defense, R-gene-mediated resistance, and SAR. Furthermore, the Arabidopsis eFP browser indicated that the expression of AtNIGR1 is detected in several plant organs, with the highest expression observed in germinating seeds. All results put together suggest that AtNIGR1 could be involved in plant growth, as well as basal defense and SAR, in response to bacterial pathogens in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiba Nazar Al Azzawi
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Nkulu Kabange Rolly
- Department of Southern Area of Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Sol Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou H, Huang J, Willems P, Van Breusegem F, Xie Y. Cysteine thiol-based post-translational modification: What do we know about transcription factors? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:415-428. [PMID: 36494303 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactive electrophilic species are ubiquitous in plant cells, where they contribute to specific redox-regulated signaling events. Redox signaling is known to modulate gene expression during diverse biological processes, including plant growth, development, and environmental stress responses. Emerging data demonstrates that transcription factors (TFs) are a main target of cysteine thiol-based oxidative post-translational modifications (OxiPTMs), which can alter their transcriptional activity and thereby convey redox information to the nucleus. Here, we review the significant progress that has been made in characterizing cysteine thiol-based OxiPTMs, their biochemical properties, and their functional effects on plant TFs. We discuss the underlying mechanism of redox regulation and its contribution to various physiological processes as well as still outstanding challenges in redox regulation of plant gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Willems
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yanjie Xie
- Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Niyoifasha CJ, Borena BM, Ukob IT, Minh PN, Al Azzawi TNI, Imran M, Ali S, Inthavong A, Mun BG, Lee IJ, Khan M, Yun BW. Alleviation of Hg-, Cr-, Cu-, and Zn-Induced Heavy Metals Stress by Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside in Rice Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12061299. [PMID: 36986987 PMCID: PMC10056095 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The cultivation of rice is widespread worldwide, but its growth and productivity are hampered by heavy metals stress. However, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor, has been found to be effective for imparting heavy metals stress tolerance to plants. Therefore, the current study evaluated the role of exogenously applied SNP in improving plant growth and development under Hg, Cr, Cu, and Zn stress. For this purpose, heavy metals stress was induced via the application of 1 mM mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). To reverse the toxic effects of heavy metals stress, 0.1 mM SNP was administrated via the root zone. The results revealed that the said heavy metals significantly reduced the chlorophyll contents (SPAD), chlorophyll a and b, and protein contents. However, SNP treatment significantly reduced the toxic effects of the said heavy metals on chlorophyll (SPAD), chlorophyll a and b, and protein contents. In addition, the results also revealed that heavy metals significantly increased the production of superoxide anion (SOA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL). However, SNP administration significantly reduced the production of SOA, H2O2, MDA, and EL in response to the said heavy metals. Furthermore, to cope with the said heavy metals stress, SNP administration significantly enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol peroxidase (PPO). Furthermore, in response to the said heavy metals, SNP application also upregulated the transcript accumulation of OsPCS1, OsPCS2, OsMTP1, OsMTP5, OsMT-I-1a, and OsMT-I-1b. Therefore, SNP can be used as a regulator to improve the heavy metals tolerance of rice in heavy-metals-affected areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Birhanu Miressa Borena
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Irasapa Tanimu Ukob
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Phan Ngoc Minh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Anousone Inthavong
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khan M, Ali S, Al Azzawi TNI, Yun BW. Nitric Oxide Acts as a Key Signaling Molecule in Plant Development under Stressful Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054782. [PMID: 36902213 PMCID: PMC10002851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a colorless gaseous molecule, is a lipophilic free radical that easily diffuses through the plasma membrane. These characteristics make NO an ideal autocrine (i.e., within a single cell) and paracrine (i.e., between adjacent cells) signalling molecule. As a chemical messenger, NO plays a crucial role in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Furthermore, NO interacts with reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, melatonin, and hydrogen sulfide. It regulates gene expression, modulates phytohormones, and contributes to plant growth and defense mechanisms. In plants, NO is mainly produced via redox pathways. However, nitric oxide synthase, a key enzyme in NO production, has been poorly understood recently in both model and crop plants. In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of NO in signalling and chemical interactions as well as its involvement in the mitigation of biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In the current review, we have discussed various aspects of NO including its biosynthesis, interaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS), melatonin (MEL), hydrogen sulfide, enzymes, phytohormones, and its role in normal and stressful conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (B.-W.Y.)
| | | | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (B.-W.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Khan M, Ali S, Al Azzawi TNI, Saqib S, Ullah F, Ayaz A, Zaman W. The Key Roles of ROS and RNS as a Signaling Molecule in Plant-Microbe Interactions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:268. [PMID: 36829828 PMCID: PMC9952064 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a pivotal role in the dynamic cell signaling systems in plants, even under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Over the past two decades, various studies have endorsed the notion that these molecules can act as intracellular and intercellular signaling molecules at a very low concentration to control plant growth and development, symbiotic association, and defense mechanisms in response to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. However, the upsurge of ROS and RNS under stressful conditions can lead to cell damage, retarded growth, and delayed development of plants. As signaling molecules, ROS and RNS have gained great attention from plant scientists and have been studied under different developmental stages of plants. However, the role of RNS and RNS signaling in plant-microbe interactions is still unknown. Different organelles of plant cells contain the enzymes necessary for the formation of ROS and RNS as well as their scavengers, and the spatial and temporal positions of these enzymes determine the signaling pathways. In the present review, we aimed to report the production of ROS and RNS, their role as signaling molecules during plant-microbe interactions, and the antioxidant system as a balancing system in the synthesis and elimination of these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Khan
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Saddam Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fazal Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Asma Ayaz
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Drozda A, Kurpisz B, Guan Y, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Plich J, Jagodzik P, Kuźnicki D, Floryszak-Wieczorek J. Insights into the expression of DNA (de)methylation genes responsive to nitric oxide signaling in potato resistance to late blight disease. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1033699. [PMID: 36618647 PMCID: PMC9815718 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1033699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study concerning the pathogen-induced biphasic pattern of nitric oxide (NO) burst revealed that the decline phase and a low level of NO, due to S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activity, might be decisive in the upregulation of stress-sensitive genes via histone H3/H4 methylation in potato leaves inoculated with avr P. infestans. The present study refers to the NO-related impact on genes regulating DNA (de)methylation, being in dialog with histone methylation. The excessive amounts of NO after the pathogen or GSNO treatment forced the transient upregulation of histone SUVH4 methylation and DNA hypermethylation. Then the diminished NO bioavailability reduced the SUVH4-mediated suppressive H3K9me2 mark on the R3a gene promoter and enhanced its transcription. However, we found that the R3a gene is likely to be controlled by the RdDM methylation pathway. The data revealed the time-dependent downregulation of the DCL3, AGO4, and miR482e genes, exerting upregulation of the targeted R3a gene correlated with ROS1 overexpression. Based on these results, we postulate that the biphasic waves of NO burst in response to the pathogen appear crucial in establishing potato resistance to late blight through the RdDM pathway controlling R gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andżelika Drozda
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Kurpisz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Yufeng Guan
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Jarosław Plich
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Młochów, Poland
| | - Przemysław Jagodzik
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Daniel Kuźnicki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jolanta Floryszak-Wieczorek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mun BG, Shahid M, Lee GS, Hussain A, Yun BW. A Novel RHS1 Locus in Rice Attributes Seed-Pod Shattering by the Regulation of Endogenous S-Nitrosothiols. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13225. [PMID: 36362013 PMCID: PMC9655508 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Seed or pod shattering in rice (Oryza sativa) is considered to be one of the major factors involved in the domestication of rice as a crop. High seed shattering results in significant yield losses. In this study, we characterize the RICEHIGHSHATTERING 1 (RHS1) that corresponds to the locus LOC_Os04g41250 from a greenhouse screen, involving 145 Ac/Ds transposon mutant rice lines. The knockout mutant line rhs1 exhibited a significantly high shattering of grains in comparison to the wild-type plants. The exogenous application of nitric oxide (NO) resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of RHS1 in wild-type rice plants. The absence of RHS1, which encodes a putative armadillo/beta-catenin repeat family protein, resulted in high sensitivity of the rhs1 plants to nitrosative stress. Interestingly, the basal expression levels of QSH1 and SHAT1 genes (transcription factors that regulate seed-pod shattering in rice) were significantly lower in these plants than in wild-type plants; however, nitrosative stress negatively regulated the expression of QSH1 and SHAT1 in both WT and rhs1 plants, but positively regulated QSH4 expression in rhs1 plants alone. The expression levels of genes responsible for NO production (OsNIA1, OsNIA2, and OsNOA1) were lower in rhs1 plants than in WT plants under normal conditions. However, under nitrosative stress, the expression of OsNIA2 significantly increased in rhs1 plants. The expression of CPL1 (a negative regulator of seed shattering in rice) was significantly lower in rhs1 plants, and we found that CPL1 expression was correlated with S-nitrosothiol (SNO) alteration in rhs1. Interestingly noe1, a rice mutant with high SNO levels, exhibited low seed shattering, whereas rhs1 resulted in low SNO levels with high seed shattering. Therefore, RHS1 is a novel gene that negatively regulates the shattering trait in rice via regulation of endogenous SNO levels. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of RHS1-mediated regulation of seed shattering and its interaction with nitric oxide and involvement in plant defense need to be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Gyu Mun
- School of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- School of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Agriculture Research Institute, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mingora 19130, Pakistan
| | - Gang Sub Lee
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Jeonju, 54875, Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- School of Applied Bioscience, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sati H, Khandelwal A, Pareek S. Effect of exogenous melatonin in fruit postharvest, crosstalk with hormones, and defense mechanism for oxidative stress management. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hansika Sati
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli Sonipat India
| | - Aparna Khandelwal
- Department of Biochemistry Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Rohtak Haryana India
| | - Sunil Pareek
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli Sonipat India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Leppälä J, Gaupels F, Xu E, Morales LO, Durner J, Brosché M. Ozone and nitrogen dioxide regulate similar gene expression responses in Arabidopsis but natural variation in the extent of cell death is likely controlled by different genetic loci. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994779. [PMID: 36340361 PMCID: PMC9627343 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High doses of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) cause damage and cell death in plants. These two gases are among the most harmful air pollutants for ecosystems and therefore it is important to understand how plant resistance or sensitivity to these gases work at the molecular level and its genetic control. We compared transcriptome data from O3 and NO2 fumigations to other cell death related treatments, as well as individual marker gene transcript level in different Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Our analysis revealed that O3 and NO2 trigger very similar gene expression responses that include genes involved in pathogen resistance, cell death and ethylene signaling. However, we also identified exceptions, for example RBOHF encoding a reactive oxygen species producing RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE PROTEIN F. This gene had increased transcript levels by O3 but decreased transcript levels by NO2, showing that plants can identify each of the gases separately and activate distinct signaling pathways. To understand the genetics, we conducted a genome wide association study (GWAS) on O3 and NO2 tolerance of natural Arabidopsis accessions. Sensitivity to both gases seem to be controlled by several independent small effect loci and we did not find an overlap in the significantly associated regions. Further characterization of the GWAS candidate loci identified new regulators of O3 and NO2 induced cell death including ABH1, a protein that functions in abscisic acid signaling, mRNA splicing and miRNA processing. The GWAS results will facilitate further characterization of the control of programmed cell death and differences between oxidative and nitrosative stress in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Leppälä
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Gaupels
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Enjun Xu
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luis O. Morales
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Melatonin and Indole-3-Acetic Acid Synergistically Regulate Plant Growth and Stress Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203250. [PMID: 36291118 PMCID: PMC9600385 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development exhibit plasticity, and plants can adapt to environmental changes and stress. Various phytohormones interact synergistically or antagonistically to regulate these responses. Melatonin and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are widespread across plant kingdom. Melatonin, an important member of the neuroendocrine immune regulatory network, can confer autoimmunity and protect against viral invasion. Melatonin functions as a plant growth regulator and biostimulant, with an important role in enhancing plant stress tolerance. IAA has a highly complex stress response mechanism, which participates in a series of stress induced physiological changes. This article reviews studies on the signaling pathways of melatonin and IAA, focusing on specific regulatory mechanisms. We discuss how these hormones coordinate plant growth and development and stress responses. Furthermore, the interactions between melatonin and IAA and their upstream and downstream transcriptional regulation are discussed from the perspective of modulating plant development and stress adaptation. The reviewed studies suggest that, at low concentrations, melatonin promotes IAA synthesis, whereas at high levels it reduces IAA levels. Similarly to IAA, melatonin promotes plant growth and development. IAA suppresses the melatonin induced inhibition of germination. IAA signaling plays an important role in plant growth and development, whereas melatonin signaling plays an important role in stress responses.
Collapse
|
20
|
Determination of Reactive Oxygen or Nitrogen Species and Novel Volatile Organic Compounds in the Defense Responses of Tomato Plants against Botrytis cinerea Induced by Trichoderma virens TRS 106. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193051. [PMID: 36231012 PMCID: PMC9563596 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Trichoderma virens TRS 106 decreased grey mould disease caused by Botrytis cinerea in tomato plants (S. lycopersicum L.) by enhancing their defense responses. Generally, plants belonging to the ‘Remiz’ variety, which were infected more effectively by B. cinerea than ‘Perkoz’ plants, generated more reactive molecules such as superoxide (O2−) and peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and less hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), S-nitrosothiols (SNO), and green leaf volatiles (GLV). Among the new findings, histochemical analyses revealed that B. cinerea infection caused nitric oxide (NO) accumulation in chloroplasts, which was not detected in plants treated with TRS 106, while treatment of plants with TRS 106 caused systemic spreading of H2O2 and NO accumulation in apoplast and nuclei. SPME-GCxGC TOF-MS analysis revealed 24 volatile organic compounds (VOC) released by tomato plants treated with TRS 106. Some of the hexanol derivatives, e.g., 4-ethyl-2-hexynal and 1,5-hexadien-3-ol, and salicylic acid derivatives, e.g., 4-hepten-2-yl and isoamyl salicylates, are considered in the protection of tomato plants against B. cinerea for the first time. The results are valuable for further studies aiming to further determine the location and function of NO in plants treated with Trichoderma and check the contribution of detected VOC in plant protection against B. cinerea.
Collapse
|
21
|
Li L, Yan X, Li J, Wu X, Wang X. Metabolome and transcriptome association analysis revealed key factors involved in melatonin mediated cadmium-stress tolerance in cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:995205. [PMID: 36204073 PMCID: PMC9530903 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.995205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a non-essential element for plant, is a ubiquitous and highly toxic heavy metal, seriously endangering agricultural production and human health. As a nonedible economic crop, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) has great potential in remediation of Cd contaminated soil, but its underlying mechanism is still unknown. Melatonin (MT), as a plant growth regulator, is involved in alleviating Cd toxicity in some plants, but the molecular mechanisms of MT-mediated Cd detoxification in cotton are largely unknown. This study investigated the possible molecular mechanisms of the MT-mediated Cd detoxification in cotton seedlings by comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. The results showed that the cotton seedlings were dwarfed and the leaves were wilted and yellow under Cd stress. The application of 50 µmol L-1 MT significantly increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content under Cd stress, but 100 µmol L-1 MT significantly decreased SOD activity, while increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity significantly. The addition of 100 μmol L-1 MT significantly increased Cd concentration in the shoots and roots under Cd stress. RNA-seq analysis showed that 5573, 7105, 7253, 25, 198, 9 up-regulated and 6644, 7192, 7404, 9, 59, 0 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the comparisons of CK vs T1, CK vs T2, CK vs T3, T1 vs T2, T1 vs T3 and T2 vs T3, respectively. It was revealed that MT promoted the expression of certain related genes under Cd stress, and the effect of 100 µmol L-1 MT was better. Moreover, UPLC-MS/MS widely targeted metabolites analyses showed that 195, 150, 150, 12, 24, 59 up-regulated and 16, 11, 23, 38, 127, 66 down-regulated differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were changed in the CK vs T1, CK vs T2, CK vs T3, T1 vs T2, T1 vs T3 and T2 vs T3, respectively. It was revealed that MT induced the synthesis of alkaloids and flavonoids, and inhibited or reduced the synthesis of lipids, amino acids and their derivatives. The comprehensive analyses of transcriptomic and metabolic data showed that 33 DEGs and 4 DAMs, 46 DEGs and 16 DAMs, and 1 DEGs and 1 DAMs were dominantly involved in the pathways of valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, ABC transporter, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, respectively. It was revealed that there were three major mechanisms involved in MT-mediated Cd detoxification in cotton, including the enhancement of antioxidant capacity regulated by APX, flavonoids and alkaloids; accumulation of secondary metabolites related to Cd chelation, such as amino acids and derivatives; and regulation of cadmium ion transportation, such as ABC transporter activation. In conclusion, this study provides new insights into the MT-mediated Cd stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- *Correspondence: Xiukang Wang, ; Ling Li,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu H, Wang Q, Wang J, Liu Y, Renzeng W, Zhao G, Niu K. Key factors for differential drought tolerance in two contrasting wild materials of Artemisia wellbyi identified using comparative transcriptomics. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:445. [PMID: 36114467 PMCID: PMC9482295 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03830-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is a significant condition that restricts vegetation growth on the Tibetan Plateau. Artemisia wellbyi is a unique semi-shrub-like herb in the family Compositae, which distributed in northern and northwest of Tibetan Plateau. It is a dominant species in the community that can well adapt to virous environment stress, such as drought and low temperature. Therefore, A. wellbyi. has a potential ecological value for soil and water conservation of drought areas. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of A. wellbyi. that defense drought stress can acquire the key genes for drought resistance breeding of A. wellbyi. and provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration of desertification area. However, they remain unclear. Thus, our study compared the transcriptomic characteristics of drought-tolerant "11" and drought-sensitive "6" material of A. wellbyi under drought stress. RESULTS A total of 4875 upregulated and 4381 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were induced by drought in the tolerant material; however, only 1931 upregulated and 4174 downregulated DEGs were induced by drought in the sensitive material. The photosynthesis and transcriptional regulation differed significantly with respect to the DEGs number and expression level. We found that CDPKs (calmodulin-like domain protein kinases), SOS3 (salt overly sensitive3), MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades), RLKs (receptor like kinase), and LRR-RLKs (repeat leucine-rich receptor kinase) were firstly involved in response to drought stress in drought tolerant A. wellbyi. Positive regulation of genes associated with the metabolism of ABA (abscisic acid), ET (ethylene), and IAA (indole acetic acid) could play a crucial role in the interaction with other transcriptional regulatory factors, such as MYBs (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog), AP2/EREBPs (APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding protein family), WRKYs, and bHLHs (basic helix-loop-helix family members) and receptor kinases, and regulate downstream genes for defense against drought stress. In addition, HSP70 (heat shock protein70) and MYB73 were considered as the hub genes because of their strong association with other DEGs. CONCLUSIONS Positive transcriptional regulation and negative regulation of photosynthesis could be associated with better growth performance under drought stress in the drought-tolerant material. In addition, the degradation of sucrose and starch in the tolerant A. wellbyi to alleviate osmotic stress and balance excess ROS. These results highlight the candidate genes that are involved in enhancing the performance of drought-tolerant A. wellbyi and provide a theoretical basis for improving the performance of drought-resistant A. wellbyi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, College of Grassland Science, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Qiyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, College of Grassland Science, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Jinglong Wang
- Tibet Grassland Science Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Tibet Grassland Science Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Wangdui Renzeng
- Tibet Grassland Science Research Institute, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850000 China
| | - Guiqin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, College of Grassland Science, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| | - Kuiju Niu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystems, College of Grassland Science, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ali S, Khan N, Tang Y. Epigenetic marks for mitigating abiotic stresses in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 275:153740. [PMID: 35716656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stressors are one of the major factors affecting agricultural output. Plants have evolved adaptive systems to respond appropriately to various environmental cues. These responses can be accomplished by modulating or fine-tuning genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. Understanding the response of plants' molecular features to abiotic stress is a priority in the current period of continued environmental changes. Epigenetic modifications are necessary that control gene expression by changing chromatin status and recruiting various transcription regulators. The present study summarized the current knowledge on epigenetic modifications concerning plant responses to various environmental stressors. The functional relevance of epigenetic marks in regulating stress tolerance has been revealed, and epigenetic changes impact the effector genes. This study looks at the epigenetic mechanisms that govern plant abiotic stress responses, especially DNA methylation, histone methylation/acetylation, chromatin remodeling, and various metabolites. Plant breeders will benefit from a thorough understanding of these processes to create alternative crop improvement approaches. Genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas) provides genetic tools to make agricultural genetic engineering more sustainable and publicly acceptable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Yulin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Longhua Institute of Innovative Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong Province, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bioactive Nitrosylated and Nitrated N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetamides and Derived Oligomers: An Alternative Pathway to 2-Amidophenol-Derived Phytotoxic Metabolites. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154786. [PMID: 35897961 PMCID: PMC9330447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Incubation of Aminobacter aminovorans, Paenibacillus polymyxa, and Arthrobacter MPI764 with the microbial 2-benzoxazolinone (BOA)-degradation-product 2-acetamido-phenol, produced from 2-aminophenol, led to the recently identified N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) acetamide, to the hitherto unknown N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrosophenyl)acetamide, and to N-(2-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetamide. As an alternative to the formation of phenoxazinone derived from aminophenol, dimers- and trimers-transformation products have been found. Identification of the compounds was carried out by LC/HRMS and MS/MS and, for the new structure N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrosophenyl)acetamide, additionally by 1D- and 2D-NMR. Incubation of microorganisms, such as the soil bacteria Pseudomonas laurentiana, Arthrobacter MPI763, the yeast Papiliotrema baii and Pantoea ananatis, and the plants Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L. (kohlrabi) and Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0, with N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) acetamide, led to its glucoside derivative as a prominent detoxification product; in the case of Pantoea ananatis, this was together with the corresponding glucoside succinic acid ester. In contrast, Actinomucor elegans consortium synthesized 2-acetamido-4-nitrophenyl sulfate. 1 mM bioactive N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) acetamide elicits alterations in the Arabidopsis thaliana expression profile of several genes. The most responsive upregulated gene was pathogen-inducible terpene synthase TPS04. The bioactivity of the compound is rapidly annihilated by glucosylation.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hussain A, Shah F, Ali F, Yun BW. Role of Nitric Oxide in Plant Senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:851631. [PMID: 35463429 PMCID: PMC9022112 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.851631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In plants senescence is the final stage of plant growth and development that ultimately leads to death. Plants experience age-related as well as stress-induced developmental ageing. Senescence involves significant changes at the transcriptional, post-translational and metabolomic levels. Furthermore, phytohormones also play a critical role in the programmed senescence of plants. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signalling molecule that regulates a plethora of physiological processes in plants. Its role in the control of ageing and senescence has just started to be elucidated. Here, we review the role of NO in the regulation of programmed cell death, seed ageing, fruit ripening and senescence. We also discuss the role of NO in the modulation of phytohormones during senescence and the significance of NO-ROS cross-talk during programmed cell death and senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adil Hussain
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Farooq Shah
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Department of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Buet A, Luquet M, Santa-María GE, Galatro A. Can NO Signaling and Its Metabolism Be Used to Improve Nutrient Use Efficiency? Toward a Research Agenda. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:787594. [PMID: 35242150 PMCID: PMC8885532 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.787594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Buet
- Centro de Investigaciones en Toxicología Ambiental y Agrobiotecnología del Comahue (CITAAC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, subsede Instituto de Biotecnología Agropecuaria del Comahue (IBAC), Cinco Saltos, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAyF), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Melisa Luquet
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Guillermo E. Santa-María
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (INTECH), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Andrea Galatro
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Terrile MC, Tebez NM, Colman SL, Mateos JL, Morato-López E, Sánchez-López N, Izquierdo-Álvarez A, Marina A, Calderón Villalobos LIA, Estelle M, Martínez-Ruiz A, Fiol DF, Casalongué CA, Iglesias MJ. S-Nitrosation of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Complex Components Regulates Hormonal Signalings in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:794582. [PMID: 35185952 PMCID: PMC8854210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.794582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases mediate the last step of the ubiquitination pathway in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). By targeting transcriptional regulators for their turnover, E3s play a crucial role in every aspect of plant biology. In plants, SKP1/CULLIN1/F-BOX PROTEIN (SCF)-type E3 ubiquitin ligases are essential for the perception and signaling of several key hormones including auxins and jasmonates (JAs). F-box proteins, TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1) and CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1), bind directly transcriptional repressors AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) and JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) in auxin- and JAs-depending manner, respectively, which permits the perception of the hormones and transcriptional activation of signaling pathways. Redox modification of proteins mainly by S-nitrosation of cysteines (Cys) residues via nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a valued regulatory mechanism in physiological processes requiring its rapid and versatile integration. Previously, we demonstrated that TIR1 and Arabidopsis thaliana SKP1 (ASK1) are targets of S-nitrosation, and these NO-dependent posttranslational modifications enhance protein-protein interactions and positively regulate SCFTIR1 complex assembly and expression of auxin response genes. In this work, we confirmed S-nitrosation of Cys140 in TIR1, which was associated in planta to auxin-dependent developmental and stress-associated responses. In addition, we provide evidence on the modulation of the SCFCOI1 complex by different S-nitrosation events. We demonstrated that S-nitrosation of ASK1 Cys118 enhanced ASK1-COI1 protein-protein interaction. Overexpression of non-nitrosable ask1 mutant protein impaired the activation of JA-responsive genes mediated by SCFCOI1 illustrating the functional relevance of this redox-mediated regulation in planta. In silico analysis positions COI1 as a promising S-nitrosation target, and demonstrated that plants treated with methyl JA (MeJA) or S-nitrosocysteine (NO-Cys, S-nitrosation agent) develop shared responses at a genome-wide level. The regulation of SCF components involved in hormonal perception by S-nitrosation may represent a key strategy to determine the precise time and site-dependent activation of each hormonal signaling pathway and highlights NO as a pivotal molecular player in these scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cecilia Terrile
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Nuria Malena Tebez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Silvana Lorena Colman
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Julieta Lisa Mateos
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esperanza Morato-López
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Sánchez-López
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Izquierdo-Álvarez
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Marina
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luz Irina A. Calderón Villalobos
- Molecular Signal Processing Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Halle (Saale), Germany
- KWS Gateway Research Center, LLC., BRDG Park at The Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mark Estelle
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Antonio Martínez-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Fernando Fiol
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia Anahí Casalongué
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - María José Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Di Fino L, Arruebarrena Di Palma A, Perk EA, García-Mata C, Schopfer FJ, Laxalt AM. Nitro-fatty acids: electrophilic signaling molecules in plant physiology. PLANTA 2021; 254:120. [PMID: 34773515 PMCID: PMC10704571 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03777-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Nitro fatty acids (NO2-FA)have relevant physiological roles as signaling molecules in biotic and abiotic stress, growth, and development, but the mechanism of action remains controversial. The two main mechanisms involving nitric oxide release and thiol modification are discussed. Fatty acids (FAs) are major components of membranes and contribute to cellular energetic demands. Besides, FAs are precursors of signaling molecules, including oxylipins and other oxidized fatty acids derived from the activity of lipoxygenases. In addition, non-canonical modified fatty acids, such as nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs), are formed in animals and plants. The synthesis NO2-FAs involves a nitration reaction between unsaturated fatty acids and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). This review will focus on recent findings showing that, in plants, NO2-FAs such as nitro-linolenic acid (NO2-Ln) and nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) have relevant physiological roles as signaling molecules in biotic and abiotic stress, growth, and development. Moreover, since there is controversy on mechanisms of action of NO2-FAs as signaling molecules, we will provide evidence showing why this aspect needs further evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Di Fino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrés Arruebarrena Di Palma
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Enzo A Perk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos García-Mata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana M Laxalt
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhang G, Lv Z, Diao S, Liu H, Duan A, He C, Zhang J. Unique features of the m 6A methylome and its response to drought stress in sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.). RNA Biol 2021; 18:794-803. [PMID: 34806556 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1992996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, recent studies have revealed that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of mRNA has potential regulatory functions of this mRNA modification in many biological processes. m6A methyltransferase, m6A demethylase and m6A-binding proteins can cause differential phenotypes, indicating that m6A may have critical roles in the plant. In this study, we depicted the m6A map of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.) transcriptome. Similar to A. thaliana, m6A sites of sea buckthorn transcriptome is significantly enriched around the stop codon and within 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTR). Gene ontology analysis shows that the m6A modification genes are associated with metabolic biosynthesis. In addition, we identified 13,287 different m6A peaks (DMPs) between leaf under drought (TR) and control (CK) treatment. It reveals that m6A has a high level of conservation and has a positive correlation with mRNA abundance in plants. GO and KEGG enrichment results showed that DMP modification DEGs in TR were particularly associated with ABA biosynthesis. Interestingly, our results showed three m6A demethylase (HrALKBH10B, HrALKBH10C and HrALKBH10D) genes were significantly increased following drought stress, which indicated that it may contributed the decreased m6A levels. This exhaustive m6A map provides a basis and resource for the further functional study of mRNA m6A modification in abiotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding & Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongrui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding & Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Songfeng Diao
- Non-timber Forestry Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry & Key Laboratory of Non-timber Forest Germplasm Enhancement & Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding & Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding & Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Caiyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding & Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding & Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee SU, Mun BG, Bae EK, Kim JY, Kim HH, Shahid M, Choi YI, Hussain A, Yun BW. Drought Stress-Mediated Transcriptome Profile Reveals NCED as a Key Player Modulating Drought Tolerance in Populus davidiana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:755539. [PMID: 34777433 PMCID: PMC8581814 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.755539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Populus trichocarpa has been studied as a model poplar species through biomolecular approaches and was the first tree species to be genome sequenced. In this study, we employed a high throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) mediated leaf transcriptome analysis to investigate the response of four different Populus davidiana cultivars to drought stress. Following the RNA-seq, we compared the transcriptome profiles and identified two differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with contrasting expression patterns in the drought-sensitive and tolerant groups, i.e., upregulated in the drought-tolerant P. davidiana groups but downregulated in the sensitive group. Both these genes encode a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), a key enzyme required for abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measurements showed a significantly higher ABA accumulation in the cultivars of the drought-tolerant group following dehydration. The Arabidopsis nced3 loss-of-function mutants showed a significantly higher sensitivity to drought stress, ~90% of these plants died after 9 days of drought stress treatment. The real-time PCR analysis of several key genes indicated a strict regulation of drought stress at the transcriptional level in the P. davidiana drought-tolerant cultivars. The transgenic P. davidiana NCED3 overexpressing (OE) plants were significantly more tolerant to drought stress as compared with the NCED knock-down RNA interference (RNAi) lines. Further, the NCED OE plants accumulated a significantly higher quantity of ABA and exhibited strict regulation of drought stress at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, we identified several key differences in the amino acid sequence, predicted structure, and co-factor/ligand binding activity of NCED3 between drought-tolerant and susceptible P. davidiana cultivars. Here, we presented the first evidence of the significant role of NCED genes in regulating ABA-dependent drought stress responses in the forest tree P. davidiana and uncovered the molecular basis of NCED3 evolution associated with increased drought tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Uk Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Bae
- Forest Microbiology Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ho Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Agriculture Research Institute, Mingora, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Young-Im Choi
- Forest Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nabi RBS, Rolly NK, Tayade R, Khan M, Shahid M, Yun BW. Enhanced Resistance of atbzip62 against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Suggests Negative Regulation of Plant Basal Defense and Systemic Acquired Resistance by AtbZIP62 Transcription Factor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111541. [PMID: 34768971 PMCID: PMC8584143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic defense mechanisms of plants toward pathogenic bacteria have been widely investigated for years and are still at the center of interest in plant biosciences research. This study investigated the role of the AtbZIP62 gene encoding a transcription factor (TF) in the basal defense and systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis using the reverse genetics approach. To achieve that, the atbzip62 mutant line (lacking the AtbZIP62 gene) was challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst DC3000) inoculated by infiltration into Arabidopsis leaves at the rosette stage. The results indicated that atbzip62 plants showed an enhanced resistance phenotype toward Pst DC3000 vir over time compared to Col-0 and the susceptible disease controls, atgsnor1-3 and atsid2. In addition, the transcript accumulation of pathogenesis-related genes, AtPR1 and AtPR2, increased significantly in atbzip62 over time (0–72 h post-inoculation, hpi) compared to that of atgsnor1-3 and atsid2 (susceptible lines), with AtPR1 prevailing over AtPR2. When coupled with the recorded pathogen growth (expressed as a colony-forming unit, CFU mL−1), the induction of PR genes, associated with the salicylic acid (SA) defense signaling, in part explained the observed enhanced resistance of atbzip62 mutant plants in response to Pst DC3000 vir. Furthermore, when Pst DC3000 avrB was inoculated, the expression of AtPR1 was upregulated in the systemic leaves of Col-0, while that of AtPR2 remained at a basal level in Col-0. Moreover, the expression of AtAZI (a systemic acquired resistance -related) gene was significantly upregulated at all time points (0–24 h post-inoculation, hpi) in atbzip62 compared to Col-0 and atgsnor1-3 and atsid2. Under the same conditions, AtG3DPH exhibited a high transcript accumulation level 48 hpi in the atbzip62 background. Therefore, all data put together suggest that AtPR1 and AtPR2 coupled with AtAZI and AtG3DPH, with AtAZI prevailing over AtG3DPH, would contribute to the recorded enhanced resistance phenotype of the atbzip62 mutant line against Pst DC3000. Thus, the AtbZIP62 TF is proposed as a negative regulator of basal defense and systemic acquired resistance in plants under Pst DC3000 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Begum Syed Nabi
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (N.K.R.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Nkulu Kabange Rolly
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (N.K.R.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
- National Laboratory of Seed Testing, National Seed Service, SENASEM, Ministry of Agriculture, Kinshasa 904KIN1, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Rupesh Tayade
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (N.K.R.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (N.K.R.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Agriculture Research Institute Mingora, Swat 19130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (N.K.R.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-5712
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wong A, Hu N, Tian X, Yang Y, Gehring C. Nitric oxide sensing revisited. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:885-897. [PMID: 33867269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) sensing is an ancient trait enabled by hemoproteins harboring a highly conserved Heme-Nitric oxide/OXygen (H-NOX) domain that operates throughout bacteria, fungi, and animal kingdoms including in humans, but that has long thought to be absent in plants. Recently, H-NOX-containing plant hemoproteins mediating crucial NO-dependent responses such as stomatal closure and pollen tube guidance have been reported. There are indications that the detection method that led to these discoveries will uncover many more heme-based NO sensors that operate as regulatory sites in complex proteins. Their characterizations will in turn offer a much more complete picture of plant NO responses at both the molecular and systems level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aloysius Wong
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China.
| | - Ningxin Hu
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Xuechen Tian
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06121 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang D, Jing G, Zhang L, Chen C, Zhu S. Interplay Among Hydrogen Sulfide, Nitric Oxide, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Mitochondrial DNA Oxidative Damage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:701681. [PMID: 34421950 PMCID: PMC8377586 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.701681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play essential signaling roles in cells by oxidative post-translational modification within suitable ranges of concentration. All of them contribute to the balance of redox and are involved in the DNA damage and repair pathways. However, the damage and repair pathways of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are complicated, and the interactions among NO, H2S, ROS, and mtDNA damage are also intricate. This article summarized the current knowledge about the metabolism of H2S, NO, and ROS and their roles in maintaining redox balance and regulating the repair pathway of mtDNA damage in plants. The three reactive species may likely influence each other in their generation, elimination, and signaling actions, indicating a crosstalk relationship between them. In addition, NO and H2S are reported to be involved in epigenetic variations by participating in various cell metabolisms, including (nuclear and mitochondrial) DNA damage and repair. Nevertheless, the research on the details of NO and H2S in regulating DNA damage repair of plants is in its infancy, especially in mtDNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Huang
- Food Safety Analysis and Test Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Guangqin Jing
- Food Safety Analysis and Test Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Food Safety Analysis and Test Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Changbao Chen
- Food Safety Analysis and Test Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shuhua Zhu
- Food Safety Analysis and Test Engineering Technology Research Center of Shandong Province, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang H, Jiang C, Wang R, Zhang L, Gai R, Peng S, Zhang Y, Mao C, Lou Y, Mo J, Feng S, Ming F. Insights into heat response mechanisms in Clematis species: physiological analysis, expression profiles and function verification. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:569-587. [PMID: 34260001 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Our results provide insights into heat response mechanisms among Clematis species. Overexpressing CvHSFA2 enhanced the heat resistance of yeast and silencing NbHSFA2 reduced the heat resistance of tobacco. Clematis species are commonly grown in western and Japanese gardens. Heat stress can inhibit many physiological processes mediating plant growth and development. The mechanism regulating responses to heat has been well characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana and some crops, but not in horticultural plants, including Clematis species. In this study, we found that Clematis alpina 'Stolwijk Gold' was heat-sensitive whereas Clematis vitalba and Clematis viticella 'Polish Spirit' were heat-tolerant based on the physiological analyses in heat stress. Transcriptomic profiling identified a set of heat tolerance-related genes (HTGs). Consistent with the observed phenotype in heat stress, 41.43% of the differentially expressed HTGs between heat treatment and control were down-regulated in heat-sensitive cultivar Stolwijk Gold, but only 9.80% and 20.79% of the differentially expressed HTGs in heat resistant C. vitalba and Polish Spirit, respectively. Co-expression network, protein-protein interaction network and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genes encoding heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) may played an essential role in Clematis resistance to heat stress. Two clades of heat-induced CvHSFs were further identified by phylogenetic tree, motif analysis and qRT-PCR. Ultimately, we proposed that overexpressing CvHSFA2-2 could endow yeast with high temperature resistance and silencing its homologous gene NbHSFA2 reduced the heat resistance of tobacco. This study provides first insights into the diversity of the heat response mechanisms among Clematis species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Changhua Jiang
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Ruonan Gai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Siyuan Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Chanjuan Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Yuxia Lou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Jianbin Mo
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Shucheng Feng
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Feng Ming
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Khan M, Al Azawi TNI, Pande A, Mun BG, Lee DS, Hussain A, Lee BH, Yun BW. The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:685156. [PMID: 34276735 PMCID: PMC8285060 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.685156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that regulates various processes, including plant growth and development, immunity, and environmental interactions. Using high throughput RNA-seq data, we explored the role of the NO-induced ATILL6 gene in plant growth and defense using functional genomics. The atill6 mutant and wild-types were challenged with either oxidative (H2O2, MV) or nitro-oxidative (CySNO, GSNO) stress conditions, and the phenotypic results showed that ATILL6 gene differentially regulates cotyledon development frequency (CDF) as well as the root and shoot lengths of the plants. To investigate whether ATILL6 plays a role in plant basal or resistance (R)-gene-mediated defense, the plants were challenged with either virulent or avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato (Pst) DC3000. The atill6 line showed a susceptible phenotype, higher pathogen growth, and highly reduced transcript accumulation of PR1 and PR2 genes. These results suggested that ATILL6 positively regulates plant basal defense. Furthermore, after the inoculation of atill6 with avirulent Pst (DC3000), the expressions of the PR1 and PR2 genes decreased, suggesting a positive role in R-gene-mediated resistance in protecting the plant from further spread of disease. We also investigated the role of ATILL6 in systemic acquired resistance (SAR), and the results showed that ATILL6 positively regulates SAR, as the mutant line atill6 has significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower transcript accumulation of PR, G3DPH, and AZI genes. Overall, these results indicate that the NO-induced ATILL6 gene differentially regulates plant growth and positively regulates plant basal defense, R-gene-mediated resistance, and SAR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murtaza Khan
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | | | - Anjali Pande
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Da-Sol Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Byung-Hyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Samo N, Ebert A, Kopka J, Mozgová I. Plant chromatin, metabolism and development - an intricate crosstalk. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 61:102002. [PMID: 33497897 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin structure influences DNA accessibility and underlying gene expression. Disturbances of chromatin structure often result in pleiotropic developmental phenotypes. Interactions between chromatin modifications and development have been the main focus of epigenetic studies. Recent years brought major advance in uncovering and understanding connections between chromatin organisation in the nucleus and metabolic processes that take place in the cytoplasm or other cellular compartments. Products of primary metabolism and cell redox states influence chromatin-modifying complexes, and chromatin modifiers in turn affect expression of metabolic genes. Current evidence indicates that complex interaction loops between these biological system layers exist. Applying interdisciplinary and holistic approaches will decipher causality and molecular mechanisms of the dynamic crosstalk between chromatin structure, metabolism and plant growth and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Samo
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Alina Ebert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Iva Mozgová
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Nabi RBS, Tayade R, Hussain A, Adhikari A, Lee IJ, Loake GJ, Yun BW. A Novel DUF569 Gene Is a Positive Regulator of the Drought Stress Response in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105316. [PMID: 34070080 PMCID: PMC8158135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, global environmental change has increased abiotic stress on plants and severely affected crops. For example, drought stress is a serious abiotic stress that rapidly and substantially alters the morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of plants. In Arabidopsis, several drought-responsive genes have been identified; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of drought tolerance in plants remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the “domain of unknown function” novel gene DUF569 (AT1G69890) positively regulates drought stress in Arabidopsis. The Arabidopsis loss-of-function mutant atduf569 showed significant sensitivity to drought stress, i.e., severe wilting at the rosette-leaf stage after water was withheld for 3 days. Importantly, the mutant plant did not recover after rewatering, unlike wild-type (WT) plants. In addition, atduf569 plants showed significantly lower abscisic acid accumulation under optimal and drought-stress conditions, as well as significantly higher electrolyte leakage when compared with WT Col-0 plants. Spectrophotometric analyses also indicated a significantly lower accumulation of polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls in atduf569 mutant plants. Overall, our results suggest that novel DUF569 is a positive regulator of the response to drought in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Begum Syed Nabi
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (R.T.); (A.A.); (I.-J.L.)
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang 50424, Korea
| | - Rupesh Tayade
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (R.T.); (A.A.); (I.-J.L.)
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 230200, Pakistan;
| | - Arjun Adhikari
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (R.T.); (A.A.); (I.-J.L.)
| | - In-Jung Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (R.T.); (A.A.); (I.-J.L.)
| | - Gary J. Loake
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK
- Correspondence: (G.J.L.); (B.-W.Y.)
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (R.B.S.N.); (R.T.); (A.A.); (I.-J.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.J.L.); (B.-W.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rolly NK, Mun BG, Yun BW. Insights into the Transcriptional Regulation of Branching Hormonal Signaling Pathways Genes under Drought Stress in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020298. [PMID: 33672598 PMCID: PMC7924062 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of hormonal biosynthetic or signaling pathways genes controlling shoot branching are widely known for their roles in regulating plant growth and development, operating in synergetic or antagonistic manner. However, their involvement in abiotic stress response mechanism remains unexplored. Initially, we performed an in silico analysis to identify potential transcription binding sites for the basic leucine zipper 62 transcription factor (bZIP62 TF) in the target branching related genes. The results revealed the presence of cis-regulatory elements specific to two bZIP TFs, AtbZIP18 and AtbZIP69, rather than AtbZIP62. Interestingly, these bZIP TFs were previously proposed to be negatively regulated by the AtbZIP62 TF under salinity in Arabidopsis. Therefore, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of more axillary branching (MAX, strigolactone), PIN-FORMED (PINs, auxin carriers), gibberellic acid (GA)-biosynthetic genes as well as isopentenyltransferase (IPT, cytokinin biosynthesis pathway) genes in response to drought stress in Arabidopsis Col-0 wild type. In addition, in the perspective of exploring the transcriptional interplay of the selected genes with the AtbZIP62, we measured their expression by qPCR in the atbzip62 (lacking the AtbZIP62 gene) background under the same conditions. Our findings revealed that the expression of AtMAX2, AtMAX3, and AtMAX4 was differentially regulated by drought stress between the atbzip62 and Col-0 wild type, but not AtMAX1. Similarly, the transcripts accumulation of AtPIN3 and AtPIN7 (known as auxin efflux carriers), and that of the AtAXR1 showed similar regulation patterns in atbzip62. However, AtPIN1 expression was downregulated in Col-0, but no change was observed in atbzip62. Furthermore, AtIPT5 and AtIPT7 exhibited a differential transcripts accumulation pattern in atbzip62 and Col-0 wild type (WT). In the same way, the expression of the GA biosynthetic genes AtGA2ox1 and AtGA20ox2, and that of AtRGA1 were differentially regulated in atbzip62 compared to the Col-0. Meanwhile, AtGA2ox1 showed a similar expression pattern with Col-0. Therefore, all results suggest PIN, MAX, IPT, and GA-biosynthetic genes, which are differentially regulated by AtbZIP62 transcription factor, as emerging candidate genes that could be involved in drought stress response mechanism in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nkulu Kabange Rolly
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (N.K.R.); (B.-G.M.)
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang 50424, Korea
- National Laboratory of Seed Testing, National Seed Service, SENASEM, Ministry of Agriculture, Kinshasa 904KIN1, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (N.K.R.); (B.-G.M.)
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (N.K.R.); (B.-G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-5712
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lopes-Oliveira PJ, Oliveira HC, Kolbert Z, Freschi L. The light and dark sides of nitric oxide: multifaceted roles of nitric oxide in plant responses to light. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:885-903. [PMID: 33245760 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Light drives photosynthesis and informs plants about their surroundings. Regarded as a multifunctional signaling molecule in plants, nitric oxide (NO) has been repeatedly demonstrated to interact with light signaling cascades to control plant growth, development and metabolism. During early plant development, light-triggered NO accumulation counteracts negative regulators of photomorphogenesis and modulates the abundance of, and sensitivity to, plant hormones to promote seed germination and de-etiolation. In photosynthetically active tissues, NO is generated at distinct rates under light or dark conditions and acts at multiple target sites within chloroplasts to regulate photosynthetic reactions. Moreover, changes in NO concentrations in response to light stress promote plant defenses against oxidative stress under high light or ultraviolet-B radiation. Here we review the literature on the interaction of NO with the complicated light and hormonal signaling cascades controlling plant photomorphogenesis and light stress responses, focusing on the recently identified molecular partners and action mechanisms of NO in these events. We also discuss the versatile role of NO in regulating both photosynthesis and light-dependent stomatal movements, two key determinants of plant carbon gain. The regulation of nitrate reductase (NR) by light is highlighted as vital to adjust NO production in plants living under natural light conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Falak N, Imran QM, Hussain A, Yun BW. Transcription Factors as the "Blitzkrieg" of Plant Defense: A Pragmatic View of Nitric Oxide's Role in Gene Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E522. [PMID: 33430258 PMCID: PMC7825681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are in continuous conflict with the environmental constraints and their sessile nature demands a fine-tuned, well-designed defense mechanism that can cope with a multitude of biotic and abiotic assaults. Therefore, plants have developed innate immunity, R-gene-mediated resistance, and systemic acquired resistance to ensure their survival. Transcription factors (TFs) are among the most important genetic components for the regulation of gene expression and several other biological processes. They bind to specific sequences in the DNA called transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) that are present in the regulatory regions of genes. Depending on the environmental conditions, TFs can either enhance or suppress transcriptional processes. In the last couple of decades, nitric oxide (NO) emerged as a crucial molecule for signaling and regulating biological processes. Here, we have overviewed the plant defense system, the role of TFs in mediating the defense response, and that how NO can manipulate transcriptional changes including direct post-translational modifications of TFs. We also propose that NO might regulate gene expression by regulating the recruitment of RNA polymerase during transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Falak
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; (N.F.); (Q.M.I.)
| | - Qari Muhammad Imran
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; (N.F.); (Q.M.I.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umea University, 90187 Umea, Sweden
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; (N.F.); (Q.M.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Rolly NK, Imran QM, Shahid M, Imran M, Khan M, Lee SU, Hussain A, Lee IJ, Yun BW. Drought-induced AtbZIP62 transcription factor regulates drought stress response in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:384-395. [PMID: 33007532 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of AtbZIP62, an uncharacterized Arabidopsis bZIP TF, in oxidative, nitro-oxidative and drought stress conditions using reverse genetics approach. We further monitored the expression of AtPYD1 gene (orthologous to rice OsDHODH1 involved in the pyrimidine biosynthesis) in atbzip62 knock-out (KO) plants in order to investigate the transcriptional interplay of AtbZIP62 and AtPYD1. The atbzip62 KO plants showed significant increase in shoot length under oxidative stress, while no significant difference was recorded for root length compared to WT. However, under nitro-oxidative stress conditions, atbzip62 showed differential response to both NO-donors. Further characterization of AtbZIP62 under drought conditions showed that both atbzip62 and atpyd1-2 showed a sensitive phenotype to drought stress, and could not recover after re-watering. Transcript accumulation of AtbZIP62 and AtPYD1 showed that both were highly up-regulated by drought stress in wild type (WT) plants. Interestingly, AtPYD1 transcriptional level significantly decreased in atbzip62 exposed to drought stress. However, AtbZIP62 expression was highly induced in atpyd1-2 under the same conditions. Both AtbZIP62 and AtPYD1 were up-regulated in atnced3 and atcat2 while showing a contrasting expression pattern in atgsnor1-3. The recorded increase in CAT, POD, and PPO-like activities, the accumulation of chlorophylls and total carotenoids, and the enhanced proline and malondialdehyde levels would explain the sensitivity level of atbzip62 towards drought stress. All results collectively suggest that AtbZIP62 could be involved in AtPYD1 transcriptional regulation while modulating cellular redox state and photosynthetic processes. In addition, AtbZIP62 is suggested to positively regulate drought stress response in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nkulu Kabange Rolly
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; National Laboratory of Seed Testing, National Seed Service, SENASEM, Ministry of Agriculture, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
| | - Qari Muhammad Imran
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Laboratory of Crop Physiology, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Murtaza Khan
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Uk Lee
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, KP, Pakistan.
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Laboratory of Crop Physiology, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Identification of nitric oxide (NO)-responsive genes under hypoxia in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) root. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16509. [PMID: 33020554 PMCID: PMC7536229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Flooding periods, as one probable consequence of climate change, will lead more frequently to plant hypoxic stress. Hypoxia sensing and signaling in the root, as the first organ encountering low oxygen, is therefore crucial for plant survival under flooding. Nitric oxide has been shown to be one of the main players involved in hypoxia signaling through the regulation of ERFVII transcription factors stability. Using SNP as NO donor, we investigated the NO-responsive genes, which showed a significant response to hypoxia. We identified 395 genes being differentially regulated under both hypoxia and SNP-treatment. Among them, 251 genes showed up- or down-regulation under both conditions which were used for further biological analysis. Functional classification of these genes showed that they belong to different biological categories such as primary carbon and nitrogen metabolism (e.g. glycolysis, fermentation, protein and amino acid metabolism), nutrient and metabolites transport, redox homeostasis, hormone metabolism, regulation of transcription as well as response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our data shed light on the NO-mediated gene expression modulation under hypoxia and provides potential targets playing a role in hypoxia tolerance. These genes are interesting candidates for further investigating their role in hypoxia signaling and survival.
Collapse
|
43
|
Gupta KJ, Kolbert Z, Durner J, Lindermayr C, Corpas FJ, Brouquisse R, Barroso JB, Umbreen S, Palma JM, Hancock JT, Petrivalsky M, Wendehenne D, Loake GJ. Regulating the regulator: nitric oxide control of post-translational modifications. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:1319-1325. [PMID: 32339293 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is perfectly suited for the role of a redox signalling molecule. A key route for NO bioactivity occurs via protein S-nitrosation, and involves the addition of a NO moiety to a protein cysteine (Cys) thiol (-SH) to form an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). This process is thought to underpin a myriad of cellular processes in plants that are linked to development, environmental responses and immune function. Here we collate emerging evidence showing that NO bioactivity regulates a growing number of diverse post-translational modifications including SUMOylation, phosphorylation, persulfidation and acetylation. We provide examples of how NO orchestrates these processes to mediate plant adaptation to a variety of cellular cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Jorg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, München/Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Christian Lindermayr
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, München/Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Renaud Brouquisse
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, INRAE, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, 06903, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Juan B Barroso
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Universitario 'Las Lagunillas' s/n, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Saima Umbreen
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - John T Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Marek Petrivalsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Wendehenne
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Gary J Loake
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Identification of a Novel Gene, Osbht, in Response to High Temperature Tolerance at Booting Stage in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165862. [PMID: 32824161 PMCID: PMC7461545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is one of the world’s leading food crops, and over 90% of the world’s rice production stems from Asia. In particular, an increase of 1 °C in the minimum temperature reduces the quantity of rice by 10%. Therefore, the development of rice varieties that can stably maintain the yield and quality of the rice even under these rapid climate changes is indispensable. In this study, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping after treatment with heat stress during the booting stage in rice. We performed a QTL analysis using the Cheongcheong/Nagdong double haploid (CNDH) line and identified 19 QTLs during the 2 year analysis. Of these QTL regions, the 2.2 cM region of RM3709–RM11694 on chromosome 1 was shared among the six traits (heading date; culm length; panicle length; number of tiller; 1000 grain weight; and content of chlorophyll) examined. Rice Microsatellite (RM) 3709–RM11694 contained 27 high-temperature-tolerance candidate genes. Among the candidate genes, OsBHT showed a different gene expression level between CNDH75, which is a high-temperature tolerant line, and CNDH11 which is a susceptible line. Although some existing high-temperature-tolerant genes have been reported, OsBHT can be used more effectively for the development of heat tolerance in rice.
Collapse
|
45
|
Xu Y, Qu C, Sun X, Jia Z, Xue M, Zhao H, Zhou X. Nitric Oxide Boosts Bemisia tabaci Performance Through the Suppression of Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway in Tobacco Plants. Front Physiol 2020; 11:847. [PMID: 32792979 PMCID: PMC7387647 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The intimate relationships between plants and insects start with herbivory, which can be traced back to approximately 420 million year ago. Like many other relationships, a plant–insect interaction can be mutualistic, commensalistic, or antagonistic. Within antagonistic relationships, plants deploy inducible defense to insect phytophagy. Insects, however, can evade/suppress effectual plant defenses by manipulating plant defense signaling. Previously, we showed that the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, a global invasive insect pest, can suppress jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent defenses, thereby enhancing their performance on host plants. Given that nitric oxide (NO), a multifunctional signaling molecule, interacts closely with JA signaling pathway, we hypothesized that NO is involved in the suppression of JA defensive responses. Equipped with an integrated approach, we comprehensively examined this overarching hypothesis. We showed that: (1) tobacco plants responded to B. tabaci infestation by accumulating high levels of NO, (2) the exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside, a NO donor, in tobacco plants attracted B. tabaci adults and accelerated nymphal development, whereas plants treated with 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), a NO scavenger, repelled B. tabaci adults and prolonged nymphal development, and, more importantly, (3) silencing of NO-associated protein 1, a gene associated with NO accumulation, and cPTIO application disrupted the B. tabaci-mediated suppression of JA in plants. Collectively, these results suggest that: (1) NO signaling is activated by B. tabaci infestation, (2) NO is involved in the suppression of JA-dependent plant defense, and, consequently, (3) NO improves B. tabaci performance on host plants. Our study reflects the remarkable arm race that co-evolved for millions of years between plants and insects and offers a potential novel target (nitric oxide) for the long-term sustainable management of this global invasive pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhifei Jia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Haipeng Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xuguo Zhou
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nabi RBS, Tayade R, Imran QM, Hussain A, Shahid M, Yun BW. Functional Insight of Nitric-Oxide Induced DUF Genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1041. [PMID: 32765550 PMCID: PMC7378322 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies facilitate the study of plant molecular functions in detail and with precision. Plant genome and proteome databases are continually being updated with large transcriptomic or genomic datasets. With the ever-increasing amount of sequencing data, several thousands of genes or proteins in public databases remain uncharacterized, and their domain functions are largely unknown. Such proteins contain domains of unknown function (DUF). In the present study, we identified 231 upregulated and 206 downregulated DUF genes from the available RNA-Seq-based transcriptome profiling datasets of Arabidopsis leaves exposed to a nitric oxide donor, S-nitroso-L-cysteine (CysNO). In addition, we performed extensive in silico and biological experiments to determine the potential functions of AtDUF569 and to elucidate its role in plant growth, development, and defense. We validated the expression pattern of the most upregulated and the most downregulated DUF genes from the transcriptomic data. In addition, a loss-of AtDUF569 function mutant was evaluated for growth, development, and defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. According to the results of the study, AtDUF569 negatively regulates biotic stress responses and differentially regulates plant growth under nitro-oxidative stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rizwana Begum Syed Nabi
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Rupesh Tayade
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Qari Muhammad Imran
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Staszek P, Gniazdowska A. Peroxynitrite induced signaling pathways in plant response to non-proteinogenic amino acids. PLANTA 2020; 252:5. [PMID: 32535658 PMCID: PMC7293691 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitro/oxidative modifications of proteins and RNA nitration resulted from altered peroxynitrite generation are elements of the indirect mode of action of canavanine and meta-tyrosine in plants Environmental conditions and stresses, including supplementation with toxic compounds, are known to impair reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) homeostasis, leading to modification in production of oxidized and nitrated derivatives. The role of nitrated and/or oxidized biotargets differs depending on the stress factors and developmental stage of plants. Canavanine (CAN) and meta-tyrosine (m-Tyr) are non-proteinogenic amino acids (NPAAs). CAN, the structural analog of arginine, is found mostly in seeds of Fabaceae species, as a storage form of nitrogen. In mammalian cells, CAN is used as an anticancer agent due to its inhibitory action on nitric oxide synthesis. m-Tyr is a structural analogue of phenylalanine and an allelochemical found in root exudates of fescues. In animals, m-Tyr is recognized as a marker of oxidative stress. Supplementation of plants with CAN or m-Tyr modify ROS and RNS metabolism. Over the last few years of our research, we have collected the complex data on ROS and RNS metabolism in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants exposed to CAN or m-Tyr. In addition, we have shown the level of nitrated RNA (8-Nitro-guanine) in roots of seedlings, stressed by the tested NPAAs. In this review, we describe the model of CAN and m-Tyr mode of action in plants based on modifications of signaling pathways induced by ROS/RNS with a special focus on peroxynitrite induced RNA and protein modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Staszek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Gniazdowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang JB, Wang XP, Wang YC, Chen YH, Luo JW, Li DD, Li XB. Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) MAPKKK gene family in response to drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:217. [PMID: 32410659 PMCID: PMC7227315 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are significant components in the MAPK signal pathway and play essential roles in regulating plants against drought stress. To explore MAPKKK gene family functioning in cotton response and resistance to drought stress, we conducted a systematic analysis of GhMAPKKKs. RESULTS In this study, 157 nonredundant GhMAPKKKs (including 87 RAFs, 46 MEKKs and 24 ZIKs) were identified in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). These GhMAPKKK genes are unevenly distributed on 26 chromosomes, and segmental duplication is the major way for the enlargement of MAPKKK family. Furthermore, members within the same subfamily share a similar gene structure and motif composition. A lot of cis-elements relevant to plant growth and response to stresses are distributed in promoter regions of GhMAPKKKs. Additionally, these GhMAPKKKs show differential expression patterns in cotton tissues. The transcription levels of most genes were markedly altered in cotton under heat, cold and PEG treatments, while the expressions of some GhMAPKKKs were induced in cotton under drought stress. Among these drought-induced genes, we selected GhRAF4 and GhMEKK12 for further functional characterization by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) method. The experimental results indicated that the gene-silenced cotton displayed decreased tolerance to drought stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was higher, but proline accumulation, relative leaf water content and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were lower in the gene-silenced cotton, compared with those in the controls, under drought stress. CONCLUSION Collectively, a systematic survey of gene structure, chromosomal location, motif composition and evolutionary relationship of MAPKKKs were performed in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). The following expression and functional study showed that some of them take important parts in cotton drought tolerance. Thus, the data presented here may provide a foundation for further investigating the roles of GhMAPKKKs in cotton response and resistance to drought stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xin-Peng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Ya-Chao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Yi-Hao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Jing-Wen Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Deng-Di Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhang X, Gu C, Zhang T, Tong B, Zhang H, Wu Y, Yang C. Chloroplast (Cp) Transcriptome of P. davidiana Dode×P. bolleana Lauch provides insight into the Cp drought response and Populus Cp phylogeny. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:51. [PMID: 32375634 PMCID: PMC7201580 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Raw second-generation (2G) lignocellulosic biomass materials have the potential for development into a sustainable and renewable source of energy. Poplar is regarded as a promising 2G material (P. davidiana Dode×P. bolleana Lauch, P. bolleana, P. davidiana, P. euphratica, et al). However, their large-scale commercialization still faces many obstacles. For example, drought prevents sufficient irrigation or rainfall, which can reduce soil moisture and eventually destroy the chloroplast, the plant photosynthetic organelle. Heterosis is widely used in the production of drought-tolerant materials, such as the superior clone “Shanxinyang” selected from the offspring of Populus davidiana Dode×Populus bolleana Lauch. Because it produces good wood and is easily genetically transformed, “Shanxinyang” has become a promising material for use in tree genetics. It is also one of the most abundant biofuel plants in northern China. Understanding the genetic features of chloroplasts, the cp transcriptome and physiology is crucial to elucidating the chloroplast drought-response model. Results In this study, the whole genome of “Shanxinyang” was sequenced. The chloroplast genome was assembled, and chloroplast structure was analysed and compared with that of other popular plants. Chloroplast transcriptome analysis was performed under drought conditions. The total length of the “Shanxinyang” chloroplast genome was 156,190 bp, the GC content was 36.75%, and the genome was composed of four typical areas (LSC, IRa, IRb, and SSC). A total of 114 simple repeats were detected in the chloroplast genome of “Shanxinyang”. In cp transcriptome analysis, we found 161 up-regulated and 157 down-regulated genes under drought, and 9 cpDEGs was randomly selected to conduct reverse transcription (RT)–qPCR., in which the Log2 (fold change) was significantly consistent with the qPCR results. The analysis of chloroplast transcription under drought provided clues for understanding chloroplast function under drought. The phylogenetic position of “Shanxinyang” within Populus was analysed by using the chloroplast genome sequences of 23 Populus plants, showing that “Shanxinyang” belongs to Sect. Populus and is sister to Populus davidiana. Further, mVISTA analysis showed that the variation in non-coding (regulatory) regions was greater than that in coding regions, which suggests that further attention should be paid to the chloroplast in order to obtain new evolutionary or functional insights related to aspects of plant biology. Conclusions Our findings indicate that complex prokaryotic genome regulation occurs when processing transcripts under drought stress. The results not only offer clues for understanding the chloroplast genome and transcription features in woody plants but also serve as a basis for future molecular studies on poplar species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.,School of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 10866, China
| | - Chenrui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Botong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yueliang Wu
- School of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 10866, China
| | - Chuanping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
R. M. SK, Wang Y, Zhang X, Cheng H, Sun L, He S, Hao F. Redox Components: Key Regulators of Epigenetic Modifications in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041419. [PMID: 32093110 PMCID: PMC7073030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling are crucial regulators of chromatin architecture and gene expression in plants. Their dynamics are significantly influenced by oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidants, like pyridine nucleotides and glutathione in plants. These redox intermediates regulate the activities and expression of many enzymes involved in DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, and chromatin remodeling, consequently controlling plant growth and development, and responses to diverse environmental stresses. In recent years, much progress has been made in understanding the functional mechanisms of epigenetic modifications and the roles of redox mediators in controlling gene expression in plants. However, the integrated view of the mechanisms for redox regulation of the epigenetic marks is limited. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the roles and mechanisms of redox components in regulating multiple epigenetic modifications, with a focus of the functions of ROS, NO, and multiple antioxidants in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shibin He
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (F.H.); Tel.: +86-371-23881387 (F.H.)
| | - Fushun Hao
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (F.H.); Tel.: +86-371-23881387 (F.H.)
| |
Collapse
|