1
|
Li Q, Zeng Z, Zhao Y, Li J, Chen F, Wang C. Genome-wide association study and linkage mapping reveal TaqW-6B associated with water-extractable arabinoxylan content in wheat grain. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:166. [PMID: 38907845 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04662-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A novel QTL, TaqW-6B of water-extractable arabinoxylan content in the wheat grain on chromosome 6BL was identified and fine mapped in a narrow region 3.8 Mb. Water-extractable arabinoxylan (WE-AX), an important component of hemicellulose, is associated with various abundant health benefits. In this study, QTLs for WE-AX content were detected in two populations: (1) a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population with 164 lines derived from a cross between Avocet and Chilero (AC population) genotyped with diversity array technology (DArT), and (2) a natural population of 243 varieties (CH population) genotyped with the Axiom wheat 660 K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. A stable QTL Qwe-ax.haust-6B, explaining 8.51-15.59% of the phenotypic variance, was mapped in the physical interval 459.38-572.09 Mb on the long arm of chromosome 6B in the AC population, tightly linked with DArT markers 3,944,740 and 4,991,038 under three experimental conditions. The Qwe-ax.haust-6B was further narrowed down to be delimited in the physical interval 516.47-571.58 Mb on chromosome 6BL, explaining 5.86-16.27% of the phenotypic variance in the CH population. Furthermore, we developed high-throughput kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers to reconstruct the genetic linkage map in the AC population, and Qwe-ax.haust-6B was fine mapped into a narrow region named TaqW-6B, which was compressed between KASP-6B-3 and KASP-6B-6 at a physical distance of 3.8 Mb. In the meanwhile, the markers were also validated in a natural population of 160 wheat lines (NP population). Consequently, this study is of great importance to provide the theoretical basis for cloning the key gene and developing functional markers for molecular breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- College of Agronomy/Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Dryland Crop Germplasm Resources, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
- Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoukou, 466001, Henan, China
| | - Zhankui Zeng
- College of Agronomy/Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Dryland Crop Germplasm Resources, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Agronomy/Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Dryland Crop Germplasm Resources, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jiachuang Li
- College of Agronomy/Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Dryland Crop Germplasm Resources, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- College of Agronomy/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Chunping Wang
- College of Agronomy/Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Dryland Crop Germplasm Resources, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China.
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sobrino-Mengual G, Alvarez D, Twyman RM, Gerrish C, Fraser PD, Capell T, Christou P. Activation of the native PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1 promoter by modifying near-miss cis-acting elements induces carotenoid biosynthesis in embryogenic rice callus. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:118. [PMID: 38632121 PMCID: PMC11024007 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Modification of silent latent endosperm-enabled promoters (SLEEPERs) allows the ectopic activation of non-expressed metabolic genes in rice callus Metabolic engineering in plants typically involves transgene expression or the mutation of endogenous genes. An alternative is promoter modification, where small changes in the promoter sequence allow genes to be switched on or off in particular tissues. To activate silent genes in rice endosperm, we screened native promoters for near-miss cis-acting elements that can be converted to endosperm-active regulatory motifs. We chose rice PHYTOENE SYNTHASE 1 (PSY1), encoding the enzyme responsible for the first committed step in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, because it is not expressed in rice endosperm. We identified six motifs within a 120-bp region, upstream of the transcriptional start site, which differed from endosperm-active elements by up to four nucleotides. We mutated four motifs to match functional elements in the endosperm-active BCH2 promoter, and this promoter was able to drive GFP expression in callus and in seeds of regenerated plants. The 4 M promoter was not sufficient to drive PSY1 expression, so we mutated the remaining two elements and used the resulting 6 M promoter to drive PSY1 expression in combination with a PDS transgene. This resulted in deep orange callus tissue indicating the accumulation of carotenoids, which was subsequently confirmed by targeted metabolomics analysis. PSY1 expression driven by the uncorrected or 4 M variants of the promoter plus a PDS transgene produced callus that lacked carotenoids. These results confirm that the adjustment of promoter elements can facilitate the ectopic activation of endogenous plant promoters in rice callus and endosperm and most likely in other tissues and plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sobrino-Mengual
- Applied Plant Biotechnology Group, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Derry Alvarez
- Applied Plant Biotechnology Group, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Desert Agriculture, BioActives Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Christopher Gerrish
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Paul D Fraser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Teresa Capell
- Applied Plant Biotechnology Group, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Paul Christou
- Applied Plant Biotechnology Group, Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida-Agrotecnio CERCA Center, Lleida, Spain.
- ICREA, Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salamon A, Kowalska H, Ignaczak A, Marzec A, Kowalska J, Szafrańska A. Characteristics of Oat and Buckwheat Malt Grains for Use in the Production of Fermented Foods. Foods 2023; 12:3747. [PMID: 37893639 PMCID: PMC10606502 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malted gluten-free cereal grains and pseudo-cereals are interesting raw materials for producing fermented foods. The aim of the work was to assess selected technological quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of special malts in terms of use in the production of fermented foods. The research material consisted of malts made from oat, buckwheat, and brewing barley. Malting was performed on a microtechnical scale according to the standard scheme for brewing barley grain. The basic quality parameters of cereal grains obtained malts, and laboratory wort were assessed according to methods applicable in brewing. Atypical brewing malts were characterized by parameters such as malt extractability, protein solubilization, diastatic force, mash filtration time, and wort viscosity. The best results, comparable to barley malt, were obtained for naked oat malt. Malted buckwheat grains turned out to be the least biochemically modified, although their use in the production of beer and/or other fermented beverages is supported by the high content of bioactive substances and antioxidant potential. As the malting process of cereal plants improves their antioxidant properties and increases their nutritional value, oat and buckwheat malts can be successfully used to produce gluten-free fermented beverages or as an addition to fermented products, e.g., in baking and confectionery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Salamon
- Department of Grain Processing and Bakery, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, 36 Rakowiecka St., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Kowalska
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.I.); (A.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Ignaczak
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.I.); (A.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Agata Marzec
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.I.); (A.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Jolanta Kowalska
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.I.); (A.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Szafrańska
- Department of Grain Processing and Bakery, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology—State Research Institute, 36 Rakowiecka St., 02-532 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li B, Yang Q, Yang C, Zhang J, Wu F, Yang A, Li Y. PIF1, a phytochrome-interacting factor negatively regulates drought tolerance and carotenoids biosynthesis in tobacco. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125693. [PMID: 37419268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) function crucially in multiple physiological processes, but the biological functions of some PIFs remain elusive in some species. Here, a PIF transcription factor NtPIF1 was cloned and characterized in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The transcript of NtPIF1 was significantly induced by drought stress treatments, and it localized in the nuclear. Knockout of NtPIF1 by CRISPR/Cas9 system led to the improved drought tolerance of tobacco with increased osmotic adjustment, antioxidant activity, photosynthetic efficiency and decreased water loss rate. On the contrary, NtPIF1-overexpression plants displays drought-sensitive phenotypes. In addition, NtPIF1 reduced the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) and its upstream carotenoids by regulating the expression of genes involved in ABA and carotenoids biosynthetic pathway upon drought stress. Electrophoretic mobility shift and dual-luciferase assays illustrated that, NtPIF1 directly bind to the E-box elements within the promoters of NtNCED3, NtABI5, NtZDS and Ntβ-LCY to repress their transcription. Overall, these data suggested that NtPIF1 negatively regulate tobacco adaptive response to drought stress and carotenoids biosynthesis; moreover, NtPIF1 has the potential to develop drought-tolerant tobacco plants using CRISPR/Cas9 system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China; Shenzhen Yupeng Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Yinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xuhao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Bin Li
- Sichuan Tobacco Corporation, Chengdu 610014, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | | | - Fengyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Yiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhi J, Zeng J, Wang Y, Zhao H, Wang G, Guo J, Wang Y, Chen M, Yang G, He G, Chen X, Chang J, Li Y. A multi-omic resource of wheat seed tissues for nutrient deposition and improvement for human health. Sci Data 2023; 10:269. [PMID: 37164961 PMCID: PMC10172328 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a globally important staple crop, wheat seeds provide us with nutrients and proteins. The trend of healthy dietary has become popular recently, emphasizing the consumption of whole-grain wheat products and the dietary benefits. However, the dynamic changes in nutritional profiles of different wheat seed regions (i.e., the embryo, endosperm and outer layers) during developmental stages and the molecular regulation have not been well studied. Here, we provide this multi-omic resource of wheat seeds and describe the generation, technical assessment and preliminary analyses. This resource includes a time-series RNA-seq dataset of the embryo, endosperm and outer layers of wheat seeds and their corresponding metabolomic dataset, covering the middle and late stages of seed development. Our RNA-seq experiments profile the expression of 63,708 genes, while the metabolomic data includes the abundance of 984 metabolites. We believe that this was the first reported transcriptome and metabolome dataset of wheat seeds that helps understand the molecular regulation of the deposition of beneficial nutrients and hence improvements for nutritional and processing quality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhi
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guoli Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, China.
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Esquivel P, Rodriguez-Amaya DB. Comprehensive review on carotenoid composition: Transformations during processing and storage of foods. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
7
|
Niaz M, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Yan X, Yuan M, Cheng Y, Lv G, Fadlalla T, Zhao L, Sun C, Chen F. Genetic and molecular basis of carotenoid metabolism in cereals. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:63. [PMID: 36939900 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are vital pigments for higher plants and play a crucial function in photosynthesis and photoprotection. Carotenoids are precursors of vitamin A synthesis and contribute to human nutrition and health. However, cereal grain endosperm contains a minor carotenoid measure and a scarce supply of provitamin A content. Therefore, improving the carotenoids in cereal grain is of major importance. Carotenoid content is governed by multiple candidate genes with their additive effects. Studies on genes related to carotenoid metabolism in cereals would increase the knowledge of potential metabolic steps of carotenoids and enhance the quality of crop plants. Recognizing the metabolism and carotenoid accumulation in various staple cereal crops over the last few decades has broadened our perspective on the interdisciplinary regulation of carotenogenesis. Meanwhile, the amelioration in metabolic engineering approaches has been exploited to step up the level of carotenoid and valuable industrial metabolites in many crops, but wheat is still considerable in this matter. In this study, we present a comprehensive overview of the consequences of biosynthetic and catabolic genes on carotenoid biosynthesis, current improvements in regulatory disciplines of carotenogenesis, and metabolic engineering of carotenoids. A panoptic and deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of carotenoid metabolism and genetic manipulation (genome selection and gene editing) will be useful in improving the carotenoid content of cereals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Niaz
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Bingyang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiangning Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Minjie Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - YongZhen Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guoguo Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Tarig Fadlalla
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Faculty of Agriculture, Nile valley University, Atbara, 346, Sudan
| | - Lei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Congwei Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Feng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / CIMMYT-China Wheat and Maize Joint Research Center /Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Satarova TM, Denysiuk KV, Cherchel VY, Dziubetskyi BV. Distribution of Alleles of β-Carotene Hydroxylase 1 Gene in Modern Genotypes of Zea mays L. CYTOL GENET+ 2023. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452723010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
|
9
|
Guan P, Li X, Zhuang L, Wu B, Huang J, Zhao J, Qiao L, Zheng J, Hao C, Zheng X. Genetic dissection of lutein content in common wheat via association and linkage mapping. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:3127-3141. [PMID: 35951035 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Genetic architecture controlling grain lutein content of common wheat was investigated through an integration of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and linkage analysis. Putative candidate genes involved in carotenoid metabolism and regulation were identified, which provide a basis for gene cloning and development of nutrient-enriched wheat varieties through molecular breeding. Lutein, known as 'the eye vitamin', is an important component of wheat nutritional and end-use quality. However, the genetic manipulation of grain lutein content (LUC) in common wheat has not previously been well studied. Here, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the LUC measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were first identified by integrating a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and linkage mapping. A Chinese wheat mini-core collection (MCC) of 262 accessions and a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from Jinchun 7 and L1219 were genotyped using the 90K SNP array. A total of 124 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) on all 21 wheat chromosomes except for 1A, 4D, and 5B that formed 58 QTL were detected. Among them, six stable QTL were identified on chromosomes 2AL, 2DS, 3BL, 3DL, 7AL, and 7BS. Meanwhile, three of the ten QTL identified in the DH population, QLuc.5A.1 and QLuc.5A.2 on chromosome 5AL and QLuc.6A.2 on 6AS, were stable and independently explained 5.58-10.86% of the phenotypic variation. The QLuc.6A.2 region colocalized with two MTAs identified by GWAS. Moreover, 71 carotenoid metabolism-related candidate genes were identified, and the allelic effects were analyzed in the MCC panel based on the 90K array. Results revealed that the genes CYP97A3 (Chr. 6B) and CCD1 (Chr. 5A) were significantly associated with LUC. Additionally, the gene PSY3 (QLuc.5A.1) and several candidate genes involved in the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathways colocalized with stable QTL regions. The present study provides potential targets for future functional gene exploration and molecular breeding in common wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Guan
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Lei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bangbang Wu
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Jinyong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Ling Qiao
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xingwei Zheng
- Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Taiyuan, 030031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Z, Gao J, Wang B, Xu J, Fu X, Han H, Wang L, Zhang W, Deng Y, Wang Y, Gong Z, Tian Y, Peng R, Yao Q. Rice carotenoid biofortification and yield improvement conferred by endosperm-specific overexpression of OsGLK1. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:951605. [PMID: 35909772 PMCID: PMC9335051 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.951605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids, indispensable isoprenoid phytonutrients, are synthesized in plastids and are known to be deficient in rice endosperm. Many studies, involving transgenic manipulations of carotenoid biosynthetic genes, have been performed to obtain carotenoid-enriched rice grains. Nuclear-encoded GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of plastid and thylakoid grana development. Here, we show that endosperm-specific overexpression of rice GLK1 gene (OsGLK1) leads to enhanced carotenoid production, increased grain yield, but deteriorated grain quality in rice. Subsequently, we performed the bioengineering of carotenoids biosynthesis in rice endosperm by introducing other three carotenogenic genes, tHMG1, ZmPSY1, and PaCrtI, which encode the enzymes truncated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, phytoene synthase, and phytoene desaturase, respectively. Transgenic overexpression of all four genes (OsGLK1, tHMG1, ZmPSY1, and PaCrtI) driven by rice endosperm-specific promoter GluB-1 established a mini carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in the endosperm and exerted a roughly multiplicative effect on the carotenoid accumulation as compared with the overexpression of only three genes (tHMG1, ZmPSY1, and PaCrtI). In addition, the yield enhancement and quality reduction traits were also present in the transgenic rice overexpressing the selected four genes. Our results revealed that OsGLK1 confers favorable characters in rice endosperm and could help to refine strategies for the carotenoid and other plastid-synthesized micronutrient fortification in bioengineered plants.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lundquist PK. Tracking subplastidic localization of carotenoid metabolic enzymes with proteomics. Methods Enzymol 2022; 671:327-350. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
12
|
Garcia Molina MD, Botticella E, Beleggia R, Palombieri S, De Vita P, Masci S, Lafiandra D, Sestili F. Enrichment of provitamin A content in durum wheat grain by suppressing β-carotene hydroxylase 1 genes with a TILLING approach. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:4013-4024. [PMID: 34477900 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The suppression of the HYD-1 gene by a TILLING approach increases the amount of β-carotene in durum wheat kernel. Vitamin A deficiency is a major public health problem that affects numerous countries in the world. As humans are not able to synthesize vitamin A, it must be daily assimilated along with other micro- and macronutrients through the diet. Durum wheat is an important crop for Mediterranean countries and provides a discrete amount of nutrients, such as carbohydrates and proteins, but it is deficient in some essential micronutrients, including provitamin A. In the present work, a targeting induced local lesions in genomes strategy has been undertaken to obtain durum wheat genotypes biofortified in provitamin A. In detail, we focused on the suppression of the β-carotene hydroxylase 1 (HYD1) genes, encoding enzymes involved in the redirection of β-carotene toward the synthesis of the downstream xanthophylls (neoxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin). Expression analysis of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis revealed a reduction of the abundance of HYD1 transcripts greater than 50% in mutant grain compared to the control. The biochemical profiling of carotenoid in the wheat mutant genotypes highlighted a significant increase of more than 70% of β-carotene compared to the wild-type sibling lines, with no change in lutein, α-carotene and zeaxanthin content. This study sheds new light on the molecular mechanism governing carotenoid biosynthesis in durum wheat and provides new genotypes that represent a good genetic resource for future breeding programs focused on the provitamin A biofortification through non-transgenic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dolores Garcia Molina
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, SNC, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Botticella
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Romina Beleggia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Samuela Palombieri
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, SNC, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefania Masci
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, SNC, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Domenico Lafiandra
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, SNC, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Sestili
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis, SNC, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gao J, Yang S, Tang K, Li G, Gao X, Liu B, Wang S, Feng X. GmCCD4 controls carotenoid content in soybeans. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:801-813. [PMID: 33131209 PMCID: PMC8051601 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the mechanisms regulating plant carotenoid metabolism in staple crop, we report the map-based cloning and functional characterization of the Glycine max carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 (GmCCD4) gene, which encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase enzyme involved in metabolizing carotenoids into volatile β-ionone. Loss of GmCCD4 protein function in four Glycine max increased carotenoid content (gmicc) mutants resulted in yellow flowers due to excessive accumulation of carotenoids in flower petals. The carotenoid contents also increase three times in gmicc1 seeds. A genome-wide association study indicated that the GmCCD4 locus was one major locus associated with carotenoid content in natural population. Further analysis indicated that the haplotype-1 of GmCCD4 gene was positively associated with higher carotenoid levels in soybean cultivars and accumulated more β-carotene in engineered E. coli with ectopic expression of different GmCCD4 haplotypes. These observations uncovered that GmCCD4 was a negative regulator of carotenoid content in soybean, and its various haplotypes provide useful resources for future soybean breeding practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Suxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Kuanqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE)Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Education MinistryNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xianzhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stenger PL, Ky CL, Reisser CMO, Cosseau C, Grunau C, Mege M, Planes S, Vidal-Dupiol J. Environmentally Driven Color Variation in the Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera var. cumingii (Linnaeus, 1758) Is Associated With Differential Methylation of CpGs in Pigment- and Biomineralization-Related Genes. Front Genet 2021; 12:630290. [PMID: 33815466 PMCID: PMC8018223 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.630290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, it is common knowledge that environmental factors can change the color of many animals. Studies have shown that the molecular mechanisms underlying such modifications could involve epigenetic factors. Since 2013, the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera var. cumingii has become a biological model for questions on color expression and variation in Mollusca. A previous study reported color plasticity in response to water depth variation, specifically a general darkening of the nacre color at greater depth. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this plasticity are still unknown. In this paper, we investigate the possible implication of epigenetic factors controlling shell color variation through a depth variation experiment associated with a DNA methylation study performed at the whole genome level with a constant genetic background. Our results revealed six genes presenting differentially methylated CpGs in response to the environmental change, among which four are linked to pigmentation processes or regulations (GART, ABCC1, MAPKAP1, and GRL101), especially those leading to darker phenotypes. Interestingly, the genes perlucin and MGAT1, both involved in the biomineralization process (deposition of aragonite and calcite crystals), also showed differential methylation, suggesting that a possible difference in the physical/spatial organization of the crystals could cause darkening (iridescence or transparency modification of the biomineral). These findings are of great interest for the pearl production industry, since wholly black pearls and their opposite, the palest pearls, command a higher value on several markets. They also open the route of epigenetic improvement as a new means for pearl production improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Stenger
- IFREMER, UMR 241 Écosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, Tahiti, French Polynesia
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France
| | - Chin-Long Ky
- IFREMER, UMR 241 Écosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, Tahiti, French Polynesia
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline M. O. Reisser
- IFREMER, UMR 241 Écosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, Tahiti, French Polynesia
- MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Cosseau
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
| | - Christoph Grunau
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Perpignan, France
| | - Mickaël Mege
- IFREMER, UMR 241 Écosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, Labex Corail, Centre du Pacifique, Tahiti, French Polynesia
- IFREMER, PDG-RBE-SGMM-LGPMM, La Tremblade, France
| | - Serge Planes
- EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Labex Corail, PSL Research University, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
| | - Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiang L, Strobbe S, Van Der Straeten D, Zhang C. Regulation of plant vitamin metabolism: backbone of biofortification for the alleviation of hidden hunger. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:40-60. [PMID: 33545049 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
|
16
|
Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Mandić AI, Bantis F, Böhm V, Borge GIA, Brnčić M, Bysted A, Cano MP, Dias MG, Elgersma A, Fikselová M, García-Alonso J, Giuffrida D, Gonçalves VSS, Hornero-Méndez D, Kljak K, Lavelli V, Manganaris GA, Mapelli-Brahm P, Marounek M, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Periago-Castón MJ, Pintea A, Sheehan JJ, Tumbas Šaponjac V, Valšíková-Frey M, Meulebroek LV, O'Brien N. A comprehensive review on carotenoids in foods and feeds: status quo, applications, patents, and research needs. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:1999-2049. [PMID: 33399015 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are isoprenoids widely distributed in foods that have been always part of the diet of humans. Unlike the other so-called food bioactives, some carotenoids can be converted into retinoids exhibiting vitamin A activity, which is essential for humans. Furthermore, they are much more versatile as they are relevant in foods not only as sources of vitamin A, but also as natural pigments, antioxidants, and health-promoting compounds. Lately, they are also attracting interest in the context of nutricosmetics, as they have been shown to provide cosmetic benefits when ingested in appropriate amounts. In this work, resulting from the collaborative work of participants of the COST Action European network to advance carotenoid research and applications in agro-food and health (EUROCAROTEN, www.eurocaroten.eu, https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA15136/#tabs|Name:overview) research on carotenoids in foods and feeds is thoroughly reviewed covering aspects such as analysis, carotenoid food sources, carotenoid databases, effect of processing and storage conditions, new trends in carotenoid extraction, daily intakes, use as human, and feed additives are addressed. Furthermore, classical and recent patents regarding the obtaining and formulation of carotenoids for several purposes are pinpointed and briefly discussed. Lastly, emerging research lines as well as research needs are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Meléndez-Martínez
- Nutrition and Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine Department, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anamarija I Mandić
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Filippos Bantis
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Volker Böhm
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Grethe Iren A Borge
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Nofima-Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Mladen Brnčić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anette Bysted
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Graça Dias
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P., Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Martina Fikselová
- Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristina Kljak
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vera Lavelli
- DeFENS-Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - George A Manganaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology & Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Paula Mapelli-Brahm
- Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Adela Pintea
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | | | | | - Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nora O'Brien
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu J, Yu LL, Wu Y. Bioactive Components and Health Beneficial Properties of Whole Wheat Foods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12904-12915. [PMID: 32324395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have found that whole wheat consumption is inversely associated with the risk of chronic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The health benefits of whole wheat foods are attributed to their bioactive components, including phytochemicals and dietary fiber. In this review, the current studies regarding bioactive components and their health-promoting roles and the underlying mechanisms were summarized and discussed. The current research advances in processing technologies capable of potentially enhancing the nutritional quality of wheat and wheat-based foods were also included. This review may promote the research, development, and consumption of whole wheat foods in reducing the risk of human chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangli Lucy Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Yanbei Wu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dutta S, Muthusamy V, Chhabra R, Baveja A, Zunjare RU, Mondal TK, Yadava DK, Hossain F. Low expression of carotenoids cleavage dioxygenase 1 (ccd1) gene improves the retention of provitamin-A in maize grains during storage. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 296:141-153. [PMID: 33068135 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Provitamin-A (proA) is essentially required for vision in humans but its deficiency affects children and pregnant women especially in the developing world. Biofortified maize rich in proA provides new opportunity for sustainable and cost-effective solution to alleviate malnutrition, however, significant loss of carotenoids during storage reduces its efficacy. Here, we studied the role of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 (ccd1) gene on degradation of carotenoids in maize. A set of 24 maize inbreds was analyzed for retention of proA during storage. At harvest, crtRB1-based maize inbreds possessed significantly high proA (β-carotene: 12.30 µg/g, β-cryptoxanthin: 4.36 µg/g) than the traditional inbreds (β-carotene: 1.74 µg/g, β-cryptoxanthin: 1.28 µg/g). However, crtRB1-based inbreds experienced significant degradation of proA carotenoids (β-carotene: 20%, β-cryptoxanthin: 32% retention) following 5 months. Among the crtRB1-based genotypes, V335PV had the lowest retention of proA (β-carotene: 1.63 µg/g, β-cryptoxanthin: 0.82 µg/g), while HKI161PV had the highest retention of proA (β-carotene: 4.17 µg/g, β-cryptoxanthin: 2.32 µg/g). Periodical analysis revealed that ~ 60-70% of proA degraded during the first three months. Expression analysis revealed that high expression of ccd1 led to low retention of proA carotenoids in V335PV, whereas proA retention in HKI161PV was higher due to lower expression. Highest expression of ccd1 was observed during first 3 months of storage. Copy number of ccd1 gene varied among yellow maize (1-6 copies) and white maize (7-35 copies) while wild relatives contained 1-4 copies of ccd1 gene per genome. However, copy number of ccd1 gene did not exhibit any correlation with proA carotenoids. We concluded that lower expression of ccd1 gene increased the retention of proA during storage in maize. Favourable allele of ccd1 can be introgressed into elite maize inbreds for higher retention of proA during storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dutta
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vignesh Muthusamy
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rashmi Chhabra
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Aanchal Baveja
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajkumar U Zunjare
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapan K Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra K Yadava
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Firoz Hossain
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chettry U, Chrungoo NK. A multifocal approach towards understanding the complexities of carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation in rice grains. Brief Funct Genomics 2020; 19:324-335. [PMID: 32240289 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are mostly C40 terpenoids that participate in several important functions in plants including photosynthesis, responses to various forms of stress, signal transduction and photoprotection. While the antioxidant potential of carotenoids is of particular importance for human health, equally important is the role of β-carotene as the precursor for vitamin A in the human diet. Rice, which contributes upto 40% of dietary energy for mankind, contains very low level of β-carotene, thereby making it an important crop for enhancing β-carotene accumulation in its grains and consequently targeting vitamin A deficiency. Biosynthesis of carotenoids in the endosperm of white rice is blocked at the first enzymatic step wherein geranylgeranyl diphosphate is converted to phytoene by the action of phytoene synthase (PSY). Strategies aimed at enhancing β-carotene levels in the endosperm of white rice identified Narcissus pseudonarcissus (npPSY) and bacterial CRT1 as the regulators of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in rice. Besides transcriptional regulation of PSY, posttranscriptional regulation of PSY expression by OR gene, molecular synergism between ε-LCY and β-LCY and epigenetic control of CRITSO through SET DOMAIN containing protein appear to be the other regulatory nodes which regulate carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation in rice grains. In this review, we elucidate a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of carotenoid metabolism in crops that will enable us to identify an effective tool to alleviate carotenoid content in rice grains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Upasna Chettry
- Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Nikhil K Chrungoo
- Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Talini RF, Brandolini A, Miculan M, Brunazzi A, Vaccino P, Pè ME, Dell'Acqua M. Genome-wide association study of agronomic and quality traits in a world collection of the wild wheat relative Triticum urartu. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:555-568. [PMID: 31826330 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triticum urartu (2n = 2x = 14, subgenome Au Au ), a wild diploid wheat progenitor, features broad allelic diversity for a number of traits of agronomic relevance. A thorough characterization of the diversity of T. urartu natural accessions may provide wheat breeders with new alleles potentially contributing to wheat improvement. In this study, we performed an extensive genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a world collection of 299 T. urartu ex situ accessions, developing 441 327 single nucleotide polymorphisms and recording trait values for agronomic and quality traits. The collection was highly diverse, with broad variation in phenology and plant architecture traits. Seed features were also varied, and analyses of flour quality reported 18 distinct patterns of glutenins, and carotenoid concentrations and sedimentation volumes in some cases surpassing those of cultivated materials. The genome-wide molecular markers developed on the collection were used to conduct a genome-wide association study reporting 25 highly significant quantitative trait nucleotides for the traits under examination, only partially overlapping loci already reported in wheat. Our data show that T. urartu may be considered a valuable allele pool to support the improvement of wheat agronomy and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F Talini
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Brandolini
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Unità di Ricerca per la Zootecnia e l'Acquacoltura (CREA-ZA), Sant'Angelo Lodigiano (LO), Italy
| | - Mara Miculan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alice Brunazzi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vaccino
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cen H, Wang T, Liu H, Wang H, Tian D, Li X, Cui X, Guan C, Zang H, Li M, Zhang Y. Overexpression of MsASMT1 Promotes Plant Growth and Decreases Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Transgenic Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:489. [PMID: 32411162 PMCID: PMC7199503 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that plays important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important and widely cultivated leguminous forage crop with high biomass yield and rich nutritional value. The effects of exogenous melatonin content regulation on alfalfa stress tolerance have been investigated in recent years. Here, we isolated and introduced the MsASMT1 (N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase) gene into alfalfa, which significantly improved the endogenous melatonin content. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, MsASMT1 overexpression (OE-MsASMT1) plants exhibited a series of phenotypic changes, including vigorous growth, increased plant height, enlarged leaves and robust stems with increased cell sizes, cell numbers and vascular bundles, as well as more branches. We also found that the flavonoid content and lignin composition of syringyl to guaiacyl ratio (S/G) were decreased and the cellulose content was increased in OE-MsASMT1 transgenic alfalfa. Further transcriptomic and metabolomic exploration revealed that a large group of genes in phenylalanine pathway related to flavonoids and lignin biosynthesis were significantly altered, accompanied by significantly reduced concentrations of the glycosides of quercetin, kaempferol, formononetin and biochanin in OE-MsASMT1 transgenic alfalfa. Our study first uncovers the effects of endogenous melatonin on alfalfa growth and metabolism. This report provides insights into the regulation effects of melatonin on plant growth and phenylalanine metabolism, especially flavonoids and lignin biosynthesis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Alves ML, Bento-Silva A, Carbas B, Gaspar D, Paulo M, Brites C, Mendes-Moreira P, Brites CM, Bronze MDR, Malosetti M, van Eeuwijk F, Vaz Patto MC. Alleles to Enhance Antioxidant Content in Maize-A Genome-Wide Association Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:4051-4061. [PMID: 32141752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The interest in antioxidant compound breeding in maize (Zea mays L.), a major food crop, has increased in recent years. However, breeding of antioxidant compounds in maize can be hampered, given the complex genetic nature of these compounds. In this work, we followed a genome-wide association approach, using a unique germplasm collection (containing Portuguese germplasm), to study the genetic basis of several antioxidants in maize. Sixty-seven genomic regions associated with seven antioxidant compounds and two color-related traits were identified. Several significant associations were located within or near genes involved in the carotenoid (Zm00001d036345) and tocopherol biosynthetic pathways (Zm00001d017746). Some indications of a negative selection against α-tocopherol levels were detected in the Portuguese maize germplasm. The strongest single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-trait associations and the SNP alleles with larger effect sizes were pinpointed and set as priority for future validation studies; these associations detected now constitute a benchmark for developing molecular selection tools for antioxidant compound selection in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mara Lisa Alves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Andreia Bento-Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bruna Carbas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Daniel Gaspar
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Paulo
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Brites
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Mendes-Moreira
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Moita Brites
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria do Rosário Bronze
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marcos Malosetti
- Biometris-Applied Statistics, Wageningen University, Radix, Building 107, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fred van Eeuwijk
- Biometris-Applied Statistics, Wageningen University, Radix, Building 107, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Carlota Vaz Patto
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu S, Guo Y, Adil MF, Sehar S, Cai B, Xiang Z, Tu Y, Zhao D, Shamsi IH. Comparative Proteomic Analysis by iTRAQ Reveals that Plastid Pigment Metabolism Contributes to Leaf Color Changes in Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum) during Curing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2394. [PMID: 32244294 PMCID: PMC7178154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), is a world's major non-food agricultural crop widely cultivated for its economic value. Among several color change associated biological processes, plastid pigment metabolism is of trivial importance in postharvest plant organs during curing and storage. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in carotenoid and chlorophyll metabolism, as well as color change in tobacco leaves during curing, need further elaboration. Here, proteomic analysis at different curing stages (0 h, 48 h, 72 h) was performed in tobacco cv. Bi'na1 with an aim to investigate the molecular mechanisms of pigment metabolism in tobacco leaves as revealed by the iTRAQ proteomic approach. Our results displayed significant differences in leaf color parameters and ultrastructural fingerprints that indicate an acceleration of chloroplast disintegration and promotion of pigment degradation in tobacco leaves due to curing. In total, 5931 proteins were identified, of which 923 (450 up-regulated, 452 down-regulated, and 21 common) differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained from tobacco leaves. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of pigment metabolism and color change, 19 DEPs involved in carotenoid metabolism and 12 DEPs related to chlorophyll metabolism were screened. The results exhibited the complex regulation of DEPs in carotenoid metabolism, a negative regulation in chlorophyll biosynthesis, and a positive regulation in chlorophyll breakdown, which delayed the degradation of xanthophylls and accelerated the breakdown of chlorophylls, promoting the formation of yellow color during curing. Particularly, the up-regulation of the chlorophyllase-1-like isoform X2 was the key protein regulatory mechanism responsible for chlorophyll metabolism and color change. The expression pattern of 8 genes was consistent with the iTRAQ data. These results not only provide new insights into pigment metabolism and color change underlying the postharvest physiological regulatory networks in plants, but also a broader perspective, which prompts us to pay attention to further screen key proteins in tobacco leaves during curing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, China; (Y.G.); (B.C.); (Z.X.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yushuang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, China; (Y.G.); (B.C.); (Z.X.); (Y.T.)
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.F.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.F.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Bin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, China; (Y.G.); (B.C.); (Z.X.); (Y.T.)
| | - Zhangmin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, China; (Y.G.); (B.C.); (Z.X.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yonggao Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics/Upland Flue-cured Tobacco Quality and Ecology Key Laboratory, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, CNTC, Guiyang 550081, China; (Y.G.); (B.C.); (Z.X.); (Y.T.)
| | - Degang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (M.F.A.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cruet-Burgos C, Cox S, Ioerger BP, Perumal R, Hu Z, Herald TJ, Bean SR, Rhodes DH. Advancing provitamin A biofortification in sorghum: Genome-wide association studies of grain carotenoids in global germplasm. THE PLANT GENOME 2020; 13:e20013. [PMID: 33016639 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)] is a major cereal crop consumed by millions of people in regions with high vitamin A deficiency. We quantified carotenoid concentrations in a diverse sorghum panel using high-performance liquid chromatography and conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of grain carotenoids to identify genes underlying carotenoid variation. There was moderate variation for β-carotene (00.8 μg g-1 ), lutein (0.3-9.4 μg g-1 ), and zeaxanthin (0.2-9.1 μg g-1 ), but β-cryptoxanthin and α-carotene were nearly undetectable. Genotype had the largest effect size, at 81% for zeaxanthin, 62% for β-carotene, and 53% for lutein. Using multiple models, GWAS identified several significant associations between carotenoids and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), some of which colocalized with known carotenoid genes that have not been previously implicated in carotenoid variation. Several of the candidate genes identified have also been identified in maize (Zea mays L.) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) carotenoid GWAS studies. Notably, an SNP inside the putative ortholog of maize zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) had the most significant association with zeaxanthin and with the ratio between lutein and zeaxanthin, suggesting that ZEP is a major gene controlling sorghum carotenoid variation. Overall findings suggest there is oligogenic inheritance for sorghum carotenoids and suitable variation for marker-assisted selection. The high carotenoid germplasm and significant associations identified in this study can be used in biofortification efforts to improve the nutritional quality of sorghum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Cruet-Burgos
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Sarah Cox
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Brian P Ioerger
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Ramasamy Perumal
- Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS, 67601, USA
| | - Zhenbin Hu
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Thomas J Herald
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Scott R Bean
- Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Davina H Rhodes
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Potential Health Claims of Durum and Bread Wheat Flours as Functional Ingredients. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020504. [PMID: 32079210 PMCID: PMC7071334 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is an important cereal with a key role in human nutrition. In this study, dietary fiber (DF) and arabinoxylans of different durum (Triticum turgidum ssp. Durum L.) and bread (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat flours were analyzed in order to point out their potential nutritional and health claims allege according to the current European regulation (Regulation (EU) No 432/2012). Moreover, other bioactive compounds (phenolics and tocopherols) were quantified as a first approach to their phytochemical composition in the analyzed wheat varieties. DF was analyzed following AOAC enzymatic-gravimetric methods; arabinoxylans and total phenols were quantified by colorimetric methods; tocopherols were determined by HPLC; antioxidant activity was evaluated using three different in vitro assays. Insoluble DF was the prevailing fraction in all analyzed samples. Water extractable arabinoxylans were higher in durum wheat flours. Whole flours contained higher total phenolics compounds. Alpha-tocopherol was the major isoform. Whole flours showed higher antioxidant properties. According to the obtained results, it is possible to allege all approved health claims referred to wheat, since all analyzed samples, especially whole flour and bran fraction, showed potential health benefits, as functional ingredients or functional foods, related with their phytochemical composition.
Collapse
|
26
|
Tang X, An B, Cao D, Xu R, Wang S, Zhang Z, Liu X, Sun X. Improving Photosynthetic Capacity, Alleviating Photosynthetic Inhibition and Oxidative Stress Under Low Temperature Stress With Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide in Blueberry Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:108. [PMID: 32180779 PMCID: PMC7059820 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the mechanism of photosynthesis and physiological function of blueberry leaves under low temperature stress (4-6°C) by exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) by spraying leaves with 0.5 mmol·L-1 NaHS (H2S donor) and 200 μmol·L-1 hypotaurine (Hypotaurine, H2S scavenger). The results showed that chlorophyll and carotenoid content in blueberry leaves decreased under low temperature stress, and the photochemical activities of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) were also inhibited. Low temperature stress can reduce photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity by inhibiting stomatal conductance (G s) of blueberry leaves, and non-stomatal factors also play a limiting role at the 5th day of low temperature stress. Low temperature stress leads to the accumulation of Pro and H2O2 in blueberry leaves and increases membrane peroxidation. Spraying leaves with NaHS, a donor of exogenous H2S, could alleviate the degradation of chlorophyll and carotenoids in blueberry leaves caused by low temperature and reduce the photoinhibition of PSII and PSI. The main reason for the enhancement of photochemical activity of PSII was that exogenous H2S promoted the electron transfer from Q A to Q B on PSII acceptor side under low temperature stress. In addition, it promoted the accumulation of osmotic regulator proline under low temperature stress and significantly alleviated membrane peroxidation. H2S scavengers (Hypotaurine) aggravated photoinhibition and the degree of oxidative damage under low temperature stress. Improving photosynthetic capacity as well as alleviating photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative stress with exogenous H2S is possible in blueberry seedlings under low temperature stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaojia Liu
- *Correspondence: Xiaojia Liu, ; Xiaogang Sun,
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hasunuma T, Takaki A, Matsuda M, Kato Y, Vavricka CJ, Kondo A. Single-Stage Astaxanthin Production Enhances the Nonmevalonate Pathway and Photosynthetic Central Metabolism in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2701-2709. [PMID: 31653173 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The natural pigment astaxanthin is widely used in aquaculture, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries due to superior antioxidant properties. The green alga Haematococcus pluvialis is currently used for commercial production of astaxanthin pigment. However, slow growing H. pluvialis requires a complex two-stage stress-induced process with high light intensity leading to increased contamination risks. In contrast, the fast-growing euryhaline cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (Synechococcus 7002) is able to reach high density under stress-free phototrophic conditions, and is therefore a promising metabolic engineering platform for astaxanthin production. In the present study, genes encoding β-carotene hydroxylase and β-carotene ketolase, from the marine bacterium Brevundimonas sp. SD212, are integrated into the endogenous plasmid of Synechococcus 7002, and then expressed to biosynthesize astaxanthin. Although Synechococcus 7002 does not inherently produce astaxanthin, the recombinant ZW strain yields 3 mg/g dry cell weight astaxanthin from CO2 as the sole carbon source, with significantly higher astaxanthin content than previous cyanobacteria reports. Synechococcus 7002 astaxanthin productivity reached 3.35 mg/L/day after just 2 days in a continuous autotrophic process, which is comparable to the best H. pluvialis astaxanthin productivities when factoring in growth times. Metabolomics analysis reveals increases in fractions of hexose-, pentose-, and triose phosphates along with intermediates involved in the nonmevalonate pathway. Dynamic metabolomics analysis of 13C labeled metabolites clearly indicates flux enhancements in the Calvin cycle and glycolysis resulting from the overexpression of astaxanthin biosynthetic genes. This study suggests that cyanobacteria may enhance central metabolism as well as the nonmevalonate pathway in an attempt to replenish depleted pigments such as β-carotene and zeaxanthin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ayako Takaki
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kato
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Christopher J. Vavricka
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro,
Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bertoni G. Keeping an Eye on Lutein Stability. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:2830. [PMID: 31578226 PMCID: PMC6925011 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
|
29
|
Watkins JL, Li M, McQuinn RP, Chan KX, McFarlane HE, Ermakova M, Furbank RT, Mares D, Dong C, Chalmers KJ, Sharp P, Mather DE, Pogson BJ. A GDSL Esterase/Lipase Catalyzes the Esterification of Lutein in Bread Wheat. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:3092-3112. [PMID: 31575724 PMCID: PMC6925002 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Xanthophylls are a class of carotenoids that are important micronutrients for humans. They are often found esterified with fatty acids in fruits, vegetables, and certain grains, including bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Esterification promotes the sequestration and accumulation of carotenoids, thereby enhancing stability, particularly in tissues such as in harvested wheat grain. Here, we report on a plant xanthophyll acyltransferase (XAT) that is both necessary and sufficient for xanthophyll esterification in bread wheat grain. XAT contains a canonical Gly-Asp-Ser-Leu (GDSL) motif and is encoded by a member of the GDSL esterase/lipase gene family. Genetic evidence from allelic variants of wheat and transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) calli demonstrated that XAT catalyzes the formation of xanthophyll esters. XAT has broad substrate specificity and can esterify lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin using multiple acyl donors, yet it has a preference for triacylglycerides, indicating that the enzyme acts via transesterification. A conserved amino acid, Ser-37, is required for activity. Despite xanthophylls being synthesized in plastids, XAT accumulated in the apoplast. Based on analysis of substrate preferences and xanthophyll ester formation in vitro and in vivo using xanthophyll-accumulating rice callus, we propose that disintegration of the cellular structure during wheat grain desiccation facilitates access to lutein-promoting transesterification.plantcell;31/12/3092/FX1F1fx1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta L Watkins
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Ming Li
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Ryan P McQuinn
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Kai Xun Chan
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heather E McFarlane
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Maria Ermakova
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Robert T Furbank
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Translational Photosynthesis, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Daryl Mares
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Chongmei Dong
- Plant Breeding Institute and Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, Cobbitty, New South Wales 2570, Australia
| | - Kenneth J Chalmers
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Peter Sharp
- Plant Breeding Institute and Sydney Institute of Agriculture, The University of Sydney, Cobbitty, New South Wales 2570, Australia
| | - Diane E Mather
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Barry J Pogson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Trono D. Carotenoids in Cereal Food Crops: Composition and Retention throughout Grain Storage and Food Processing. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E551. [PMID: 31795124 PMCID: PMC6963595 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are C40 isoprenoids synthesized by plants, as well as some bacteria, fungi and algae, that have been reported to be responsible for a number of benefits conferred on human health. The inability of animals and humans to synthesize de novo these compounds is the reason why they must be introduced from dietary sources. In cereal grains, carotenoids are important phytochemicals responsible for the characteristic yellow colour of the endosperm, which confers nutritional and aesthetic quality to cereal-based products. Cereals are staple foods for a large portion of the world population, and the biofortification of cereal grains with carotenoids may represent a simple way to prevent many human diseases and disorders. Unfortunately, evidence exists that the storage and processing of cereal grains into food products may negatively impact their carotenoid content; so, this loss should be taken into consideration when analysing the potential health benefits of the cereal-based products. Focusing on the recent updates, this review summarizes the chemical composition of the carotenoids in the grains of staple cereals, including wheat, maize, rice and sorghum, the main factors that affect their carotenoid content during storage and processing and the most fruitful strategies used improve the grain carotenoid content and limit the carotenoid post-harvest losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Trono
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Centro di ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, S.S. 673, Km 25,200, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sestili F, Garcia-Molina MD, Gambacorta G, Beleggia R, Botticella E, De Vita P, Savatin DV, Masci S, Lafiandra D. Provitamin A Biofortification of Durum Wheat through a TILLING Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225703. [PMID: 31739436 PMCID: PMC6888361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macro- and micronutrients, essential for the maintenance of human metabolism, are assimilated daily through the diet. Wheat and other major cereals are a good source of nutrients, such as carbohydrates and proteins, but cannot supply a sufficient amount of essential micronutrients, including provitamin A. As vitamin A deficiency (VAD) leads to several serious diseases throughout the world, the biofortification of a major staple crop, such as wheat, represents an effective way to preserve human health in developing countries. In the present work, a key enzyme involved in the branch of carotenoids pathway producing β-carotene, lycopene epsilon cyclase, has been targeted by a Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) approach in a “block strategy” perspective. The null mutant genotype showed a strong reduction in the expression of the lcyE gene and also interesting pleiotropic effects on an enzyme (β-ring hydroxylase) acting downstream in the pathway. Biochemical profiling of carotenoids in the wheat mutant lines showed an increase of roughly 75% in β-carotene in the grains of the complete mutant line compared with the control. In conclusion, we describe here the production and characterization of a new wheat line biofortified with provitamin A obtained through a nontransgenic approach, which also sheds new light on the molecular mechanism governing carotenoid biosynthesis in durum wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sestili
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Dolores Garcia-Molina
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Gianluca Gambacorta
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Romina Beleggia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (P.D.V.)
| | - Ermelinda Botticella
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.B.); (P.D.V.)
| | - Daniel Valentin Savatin
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefania Masci
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Domenico Lafiandra
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (F.S.); (M.D.G.-M.); (G.G.); (E.B.); (D.V.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0761-357-243
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rezaei MK, Deokar AA, Arganosa G, Roorkiwal M, Pandey SK, Warkentin TD, Varshney RK, Tar An B. Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Carotenoid Concentration in Three F 2 Populations of Chickpea. THE PLANT GENOME 2019; 12:1-12. [PMID: 33016578 DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2019.07.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for carotenoids in chickpea were completed for three F2 populations. A moderate number of QTLs and candidate genes associated with carotenoid concentration in chickpea seeds were identified. Green cotyledon color is positively associated with provitamin A carotenoids. Three F2 populations derived from crosses between cultivars with green and yellow cotyledon colors were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with carotenoid components in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds developed by the Crop Development Centre (CDC). Carotenoids including violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and β-carotene were assessed in the F2:3 seeds via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the 'CDC Jade' × 'CDC Frontier' population, 1068 bin markers derived from the 50K Axiom CicerSNP array were mapped onto eight linkage groups (LGs). Eight QTLs, including two each for β-carotene and zeaxanthin and one each for total carotenoids, β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, and violaxanthin were identified in this population. In the 'CDC Cory' × 'CDC Jade' population, 694 bin markers were mapped onto eight LGs and one partial LG. Quantitative trait loci for β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, violaxanthin, lutein, and total carotenoids were identified on LG8. A map with eight LGs was developed from 581 bin markers in the third population derived from the 'ICC4475' × 'CDC Jade' cross. One QTL for β-carotene and four QTLs, one each for β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, lutein, and total carotenoids, were identified in this population. The highest phenotypic variation explained by the QTLs was for β-carotene, which ranged from 58 to 70% in all three populations. A major gene for cotyledon color was mapped on LG8 in each population. A significant positive correlation between cotyledon color and carotenoid concentration was observed. Potential candidate genes associated with carotenoid components were obtained and their locations on the chickpea genome are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K Rezaei
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, Crop Development Centre, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Amit A Deokar
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, Crop Development Centre, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Gene Arganosa
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, Crop Development Centre, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | | | | | - Thomas D Warkentin
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, Crop Development Centre, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | | | - Bunyamin Tar An
- Dep. of Plant Sciences, Crop Development Centre, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fallahshahroudi A, Sorato E, Altimiras J, Jensen P. The Domestic BCO2 Allele Buffers Low-Carotenoid Diets in Chickens: Possible Fitness Increase Through Species Hybridization. Genetics 2019; 212:1445-1452. [PMID: 31160321 PMCID: PMC6707467 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Domestic animals are adapted to conditions vastly different from those of their wild ancestors, and this is particularly true for their diets. The most numerous of all domestic species, the chicken, originated from the Red Junglefowl (RJF), a native of subtropical forests in Southeast Asia. Surprisingly however, in domestic chicken breeds, a common haplotype of the β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) gene, which is involved in carotenoid metabolism, is introgressed from a related species, the Gray Junglefowl, and has been under strong selective pressure during domestication. This suggests that a hybridization event may have conferred a fitness advantage on chickens carrying the derived allele. To investigate the possible biological function of the introgressed BCO2 allele in chicken, we introgressed the ancestral BCO2 allele into domestic White Leghorn chickens. We measured gene expression as well as carotenoid accumulation in skin and eggs of chickens carrying either the ancestral or the derived BCO2 allele. The derived haplotype was associated with down-regulation of BCO2 in skin, muscle, and adipose tissue, but not in liver or duodenum, indicating that carotenoid accumulation occurred in the tissues with reduced gene expression. Most importantly, we found that hens with the derived BCO2 genotype were capable of allocating stored carotenoids to their eggs, suggesting a functional benefit through buffering any shortage in the diet during egg production. Nevertheless, it is of interest that loss of function mutations in BCO2 gene are prevalent in other domesticates including cows, rabbits, and sheep, and, given the importance of carotenoids in development, reproduction, and immunity, it is possible that derived BCO2 alleles may provide a general mechanism in multiple domestic species to deal with higher demand for carotenoids in an environment with carotenoid shortage in the diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Fallahshahroudi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedicine Centrum (BMC), Uppsala University, 752 37, Sweden
| | - Enrico Sorato
- Reneco International Wildlife Consultants, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Jordi Altimiras
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183, Sweden
| | - Per Jensen
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 58183, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Knudsen C, Gallage NJ, Hansen CC, Møller BL, Laursen T. Dynamic metabolic solutions to the sessile life style of plants. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 35:1140-1155. [PMID: 30324199 PMCID: PMC6254060 DOI: 10.1039/c8np00037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms. To compensate for not being able to escape when challenged by unfavorable growth conditions, pests or herbivores, plants have perfected their metabolic plasticity by having developed the capacity for on demand dynamic biosynthesis and storage of a plethora of phytochemicals.
Covering: up to 2018 Plants are sessile organisms. To compensate for not being able to escape when challenged by unfavorable growth conditions, pests or herbivores, plants have perfected their metabolic plasticity by having developed the capacity for on demand synthesis of a plethora of phytochemicals to specifically respond to the challenges arising during plant ontogeny. Key steps in the biosynthesis of phytochemicals are catalyzed by membrane-bound cytochrome P450 enzymes which in plants constitute a superfamily. In planta, the P450s may be organized in dynamic enzyme clusters (metabolons) and the genes encoding the P450s and other enzymes in a specific pathway may be clustered. Metabolon formation facilitates transfer of substrates between sequential enzymes and therefore enables the plant to channel the flux of general metabolites towards biosynthesis of specific phytochemicals. In the plant cell, compartmentalization of the operation of specific biosynthetic pathways in specialized plastids serves to avoid undesired metabolic cross-talk and offers distinct storage sites for molar concentrations of specific phytochemicals. Liquid–liquid phase separation may lead to formation of dense biomolecular condensates within the cytoplasm or vacuole allowing swift activation of the stored phytochemicals as required upon pest or herbivore attack. The molecular grid behind plant plasticity offers an endless reservoir of functional modules, which may be utilized as a synthetic biology tool-box for engineering of novel biological systems based on rational design principles. In this review, we highlight some of the concepts used by plants to coordinate biosynthesis and storage of phytochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Knudsen
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ko MR, Song MH, Kim JK, Baek SA, You MK, Lim SH, Ha SH. RNAi-mediated suppression of three carotenoid-cleavage dioxygenase genes, OsCCD1, 4a, and 4b, increases carotenoid content in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5105-5116. [PMID: 30124964 PMCID: PMC6184605 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids of staple food crops have a high nutritional value as provitamin A components in the daily diet. To increase the levels of carotenoids, inhibition of carotenoid-cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), which degrade carotenoids, has been considered as a promising target in crop biotechnology. In this study, suppression of the OsCCD1, OsCCD4a, and OsCCD4b genes using RNAi was verified in transgenic rice plants by quantitative RT-PCR and small RNA detection. Leaf carotenoids were significantly increased overall in OsCCD4a-RNAi lines of the T1 generation, and the highest accumulation of 1.3-fold relative to non-transgenic plants was found in a line of the T2 generation. The effects on seed carotenoids were determined via cross-fertilization between β-carotene-producing transgenic rice and one of two independent homozygous lines of OsCCD1-RNAi, OsCCD4a-RNAi, or OsCCD4b-RNAi. This showed that carotenoids were increased to a maximum of 1.4- and 1.6-fold in OsCCD1-RNAi and OsCCD4a-RNAi, respectively, with a different preference toward α-ring and β-ring carotenoids; levels could not be established in OsCCD4b-RNAi. In addition, the contents of four carotenoids decreased when OsCCD1, OsCCD4a, and OsCCD4b were overexpressed in E. coli strains accumulating phytoene, lycopene, β-carotene, and zeaxanthin. OsCCD1 and OsCCD4a had a similar high carotenoid degrading activity, followed by OsCCD4b without substrate specificity. Overall, our results suggest that suppresing OsCCD4a activity may have potential as a tool for enhancing the carotenoid content of seed endosperms and leaves in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ran Ko
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Song
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-A Baek
- Division of Life Sciences and Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyoung You
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hyung Lim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Ha
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Azmach G, Menkir A, Spillane C, Gedil M. Genetic Loci Controlling Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Diverse Tropical Maize Lines. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2018; 8:1049-1065. [PMID: 29378820 PMCID: PMC5844293 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and use of genetic markers associated with carotenoid levels can help to exploit the genetic potential of maize for provitamin A accumulation more effectively. Provitamin A carotenoids are classes of carotenoids that are precursors of vitamin A, an essential micronutrient in humans. Vitamin A deficiency is a global public health problem affecting millions of people, especially in developing countries. Maize is one of the most important staple crops targeted for provitamin A biofortification to help alleviate vitamin A deficiency in developing countries. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of maize endosperm carotenoids was conducted using a panel of 130 diverse yellow maize tropical inbred lines genotyped with Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) SNP markers. Numerous significant association signals co-localizing with the known carotenoid biosynthesis genes crtRB1, lcyE and ZEP1 were identified. The GWAS confirmed previously reported large effects of the two major carotenoid biosynthesis genes lcyE and crtRB1 In addition, significant novel associations were detected for several transcription factors (e.g., RING zinc finger domain and HLH DNA-binding domain super family proteins) that may be involved in regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in maize. When the GWAS was re-conducted by including the major effects of lcyE and crtRB1 genes as covariates, a SNP in a gene coding for an auxin response factor 20 transcription factor was identified which displayed an association with β-carotene and provitamin A levels. Our study provides a foundation for design and implementation of genomics-assisted selection strategies for provitamin A maize breeding in tropical regions, and advances efforts toward identification of additional genes (and allelic variants) involved in the regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girum Azmach
- Maize Breeding and Genetics Division, Bako National Maize Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Bako, Ethiopia
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 REW4, Ireland
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abebe Menkir
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Charles Spillane
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 REW4, Ireland
| | - Melaku Gedil
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cerletti M, Paggi R, Troetschel C, Ferrari MC, Guevara CR, Albaum S, Poetsch A, De Castro R. LonB Protease Is a Novel Regulator of Carotenogenesis Controlling Degradation of Phytoene Synthase in Haloferax volcanii. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:1158-1171. [PMID: 29411617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The membrane protease LonB is an essential protein in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii and globally impacts its physiology. However, natural substrates of the archaeal Lon protease have not been identified. The whole proteome turnover was examined in a H. volcanii LonB mutant under reduced and physiological protease levels. LC-MS/MS combined with stable isotope labeling was applied for the identification/quantitation of membrane and cytoplasm proteins. Differential synthesis and degradation rates were evidenced for 414 proteins in response to Lon expression. A total of 58 proteins involved in diverse cellular processes showed a degradation pattern (none/very little degradation in the absence of Lon and increased degradation in the presence of Lon) consistent with a LonB substrate, which was further substantiated for several of these candidates by pull-down assays. The most notable was phytoene synthase (PSY), the rate-limiting enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis. The rapid degradation of PSY upon LonB induction in addition to the remarkable stabilization of this protein and hyperpigmentation phenotype in the Lon mutant strongly suggest that PSY is a LonB substrate. This work identifies for the first time candidate targets of the archaeal Lon protease and establishes proteolysis by Lon as a novel post-translational regulatory mechanism of carotenogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Cerletti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Funes 3250 4to nivel, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Roberto Paggi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Funes 3250 4to nivel, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | | | - María Celeste Ferrari
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Funes 3250 4to nivel, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | | | - Stefan Albaum
- Bioinformatics Resource Facility, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University , 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ansgar Poetsch
- Plant Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum , 44801 Bochum, Germany.,School of Biomedical and Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University , Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Rosana De Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Funes 3250 4to nivel, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sun T, Yuan H, Cao H, Yazdani M, Tadmor Y, Li L. Carotenoid Metabolism in Plants: The Role of Plastids. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:58-74. [PMID: 28958604 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are indispensable to plants and critical in human diets. Plastids are the organelles for carotenoid biosynthesis and storage in plant cells. They exist in various types, which include proplastids, etioplasts, chloroplasts, amyloplasts, and chromoplasts. These plastids have dramatic differences in their capacity to synthesize and sequester carotenoids. Clearly, plastids play a central role in governing carotenogenic activity, carotenoid stability, and pigment diversity. Understanding of carotenoid metabolism and accumulation in various plastids expands our view on the multifaceted regulation of carotenogenesis and facilitates our efforts toward developing nutrient-enriched food crops. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of various types of plastids on carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation, and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the regulatory control of carotenogenesis and metabolic engineering of carotenoids in light of plastid types in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhu Sun
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hui Yuan
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hongbo Cao
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071001, China
| | - Mohammad Yazdani
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yaakov Tadmor
- Plant Science Institute, Israeli Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Yaar Research Center, P.O. Box 1021, Ramat Yishai 30095, Israel
| | - Li Li
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sankari M, Rao PR, Hemachandran H, Pullela PK, Doss C GP, Tayubi IA, Subramanian B, Gothandam KM, Singh P, Ramamoorthy S. Prospects and progress in the production of valuable carotenoids: Insights from metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and computational approaches. J Biotechnol 2018; 266:89-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
40
|
Zhai S, Liu J, Xu D, Wen W, Yan J, Zhang P, Wan Y, Cao S, Hao Y, Xia X, Ma W, He Z. A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Rich Genetic Architecture of Flour Color-Related Traits in Bread Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1136. [PMID: 30123234 PMCID: PMC6085589 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Flour color-related traits, including brightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*) and yellow pigment content (YPC), are very important for end-use quality of wheat. Uncovering the genetic architecture of these traits is necessary for improving wheat quality by marker-assisted selection (MAS). In the present study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on a collection of 166 bread wheat cultivars to better understand the genetic architecture of flour color-related traits using the wheat 90 and 660 K SNP arrays, and 10 allele-specific markers for known genes influencing these traits. Fifteen, 28, 25, and 32 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for L*, a*, b*, and YPC, respectively, were detected, explaining 6.5-20.9% phenotypic variation. Seventy-eight loci were consistent across all four environments. Compared with previous studies, Psy-A1, Psy-B1, Pinb-D1, and the 1B•1R translocation controlling flour color-related traits were confirmed, and four loci were novel. Two and 11 loci explained much more phenotypic variation of a* and YPC than phytoene synthase 1 gene (Psy1), respectively. Sixteen candidate genes were predicted based on biochemical information and bioinformatics analyses, mainly related to carotenoid biosynthesis and degradation, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. The results largely enrich our knowledge of the genetic basis of flour color-related traits in bread wheat and provide valuable markers for wheat quality improvement. The study also indicated that GWAS was a powerful strategy for dissecting flour color-related traits and identifying candidate genes based on diverse genotypes and high-throughput SNP arrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhai
- Crop Research Institute, National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Liu
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dengan Xu
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weie Wen
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Pingzhi Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yingxiu Wan
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shuanghe Cao
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfeng Hao
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University and Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhonghu He
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonghu He
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gebremeskel S, Garcia-Oliveira AL, Menkir A, Adetimirin V, Gedil M. Effectiveness of predictive markers for marker assisted selection of pro-vitamin A carotenoids in medium-late maturing maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines. J Cereal Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
42
|
Tuberosa R, Frascaroli E, Salvi S. Leveraging plant genomics for better and healthier food. Curr Opin Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
43
|
Paznocht L, Kotíková Z, Šulc M, Lachman J, Orsák M, Eliášová M, Martinek P. Free and esterified carotenoids in pigmented wheat, tritordeum and barley grains. Food Chem 2017; 240:670-678. [PMID: 28946328 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are important phytonutrients responsible for the yellow endosperm color in cereal grains. Five carotenoids, namely lutein, zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin, α- and β-carotene, were quantified by HPLC-DAD-MS in fourteen genotypes of wheat, barley and tritordeum harvested in Czechia in 2014 and 2015. The highest carotenoid contents were found in yellow-grained tritordeum HT 439 (12.16μg/gDW), followed by blue-grained wheat V1-131-15 (7.46μg/gDW), and yellow-grained wheat TA 4024 (7.04μg/gDW). Comparing carotenoid contents, blue varieties had lower whereas purple ones had the same or higher levels than conventional bread wheat. Lutein was the main carotenoid found in wheat and tritordeum while zeaxanthin dominated in barley. The majority of cereals contained considerable levels of esterified forms (up to 61%) of which lutein esters prevailed. It was assessed that cereal genotype determines the proportion of free and esterified forms. High temperatures and drought during the growing season promoted carotenoid biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luboš Paznocht
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Zora Kotíková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Miloslav Šulc
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaromír Lachman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Matyáš Orsák
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Eliášová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Martinek
- Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Havlíčkova 2787, 767 01 Kroměříž, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Majer E, Llorente B, Rodríguez-Concepción M, Daròs JA. Rewiring carotenoid biosynthesis in plants using a viral vector. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41645. [PMID: 28139696 PMCID: PMC5282570 DOI: 10.1038/srep41645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants can be engineered to sustainably produce compounds of nutritional, industrial or pharmaceutical relevance. This is, however, a challenging task as extensive regulation of biosynthetic pathways often hampers major metabolic changes. Here we describe the use of a viral vector derived from Tobacco etch virus to express a whole heterologous metabolic pathway that produces the health-promoting carotenoid lycopene in tobacco tissues. The pathway consisted in three enzymes from the soil bacteria Pantoea ananatis. Lycopene is present at undetectable levels in chloroplasts of non-infected leaves. In tissues infected with the viral vector, however, lycopene comprised approximately 10% of the total carotenoid content. Our research further showed that plant viruses that express P. ananatis phytoene synthase (crtB), one of the three enzymes of the heterologous pathway, trigger an accumulation of endogenous carotenoids, which together with a reduction in chlorophylls eventually result in a bright yellow pigmentation of infected tissues in various host-virus combinations. So, besides illustrating the potential of viral vectors for engineering complex metabolic pathways, we also show a yellow carotenoid-based reporter that can be used to visually track infection dynamics of plant viruses either alone or in combination with other visual markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Majer
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Centíficas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Briardo Llorente
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Concepción
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José-Antonio Daròs
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Centíficas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|