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Zhang D, Du L, Lin J, Wang L, Zheng P, Deng B, Zhang W, Su W, Liu Y, Lu Y, Qin Y, Wang X. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like genes in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and their involvement in flower and fruit development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:626. [PMID: 38961401 PMCID: PMC11220982 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins play regulatory roles in plant growth and development, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and other biological processes. As a popular fruit and ornamental crop, it is important to explore the regulatory mechanism of flower and fruit development of passion fruit. RESULTS In this study, 32 PeCaM/PeCML genes were identified from passion fruit genome and were divided into 9 groups based on phylogenetic analysis. The structural analysis, including conserved motifs, gene structure and homologous modeling, illustrates that the PeCaM/PeCML in the same subgroup have relative conserved structural features. Collinearity analysis suggested that the expansion of the CaM/CML gene family likely took place mainly by segmental duplication, and the whole genome replication events were closely related with the rapid expansion of the gene group. PeCaM/PeCMLs were potentially required for different floral tissues development. Significantly, PeCML26 had extremely high expression levels during ovule and fruit development compared with other PeCML genes, suggesting that PeCML26 had potential functions involved in the development of passion fruit flowers and fruits. The co-presence of various cis-elements associated with growth and development, hormone responsiveness, and stress responsiveness in the promoter regions of these PeCaM/PeCMLs might contribute to their diverse regulatory roles. Furthermore, PeCaM/PeCMLs were also induced by various abiotic stresses. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the CaM/CML gene family and valuable clues for future studies on the function and evolution of CaM/CML genes in passion fruit. CONCLUSION A total of 32 PeCaM/PeCML genes were divided into 9 groups. The PeCaM/PeCML genes showed differential expression patterns in floral tissues at different development stages. It is worth noting that PeCML26, which is highly homologous to AtCaM2, not only interacts with multiple BBR-BPC TFs, but also has high expression levels during ovule and fruit development, suggesting that PeCML26 had potential functions involved in the development of passion fruit flowers and fruits. This research lays the foundation for future investigations and validation of the potential function of PeCaM/PeCML genes in the growth and development of passion fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lumiao Du
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jinting Lin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Biao Deng
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Fine Variety Breeding Farm in Xinluo District, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Weiqiang Su
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan, 364000, China
| | - Yuming Lu
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Pingtan Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Luo G, Li L, Yang X, Yu Y, Gao L, Mo B, Chen X, Liu L. MicroRNA1432 regulates rice drought stress tolerance by targeting the CALMODULIN-LIKE2 gene. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1954-1968. [PMID: 38466155 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to climate change, drought has become a major threat to rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and yield worldwide. Understanding the genetic basis of drought tolerance in rice is therefore of great importance. Here, we identified a microRNA, miR1432, which regulates rice drought tolerance by targeting the CALMODULIN-LIKE2 (OsCaML2) gene. Mutation of MIR1432 or suppression of miR1432 expression significantly impaired seed germination and seedling growth under drought-stress conditions. Molecular analysis demonstrated that miR1432 affected rice drought tolerance by directly targeting OsCaML2, which encodes an EF-hand chiral calcium-binding protein. Overexpression of a miR1432-resistant form of OsCaML2 (OEmCaML2) phenocopied the mir1432 mutant and miR1432 suppression plants. Furthermore, the suppression of miR1432 severely affected the expression of genes involved in responses to stimulation, metabolism and signal transduction, especially the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and hormone transduction pathway in rice under drought stress. Thus, our findings show that the miR1432-OsCaML2 module plays an important role in the regulation of rice drought tolerance, suggesting its potential utilization in developing molecular breeding strategies that improve crop drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yu Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Beixin Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Yang M, Zhou B, Song Z, Tan Z, Liu R, Luo Y, Guo Z, Lu S. A calmodulin-like protein PvCML9 negatively regulates salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108642. [PMID: 38643538 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are unique Ca2+ sensors and play crucial roles in response to abiotic stress in plants. A salt-repressed PvCML9 from halophyte seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum O. Swartz) was identified. PvCML9 was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus and highly expressed in roots and stems. Overexpression of PvCML9 led to reduced salt tolerance in rice and seashore paspalum, whereas downregulating expression of PvCML9 showed increased salt tolerance in seashore paspalum as compared with the wild type (WT), indicating that PvCML9 regulated salt tolerance negatively. Na+ and K+ homeostasis was altered by PvCML9 expression. Lower level of Na+/K+ ratio in roots and shoots was maintained in PvCML9-RNAi lines compared with WT under salt stress, but higher level in overexpression lines. Moreover, higher levels of SOD and CAT activities and proline accumulation were observed in PvCML9-RNAi lines compared with WT under salt stress, but lower levels in overexpression lines, which altered ROS homeostasis. Based on the above data, mutation of its homolog gene OsCML9 in rice by CRISPR/Cas9 was performed. The mutant had enhanced salt tolerance without affecting rice growth and development, suggesting that OsCML9 gene is an ideal target gene to generate salt tolerant cultivars by genome editing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Biyan Zhou
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhiyu Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yurong Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shaoyun Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Guo J, Guo J, Li L, Bai X, Huo X, Shi W, Gao L, Dai K, Jing R, Hao C. Combined linkage analysis and association mapping identifies genomic regions associated with yield-related and drought-tolerance traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:250. [PMID: 37982873 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Combined linkage analysis and association mapping identified genomic regions associated with yield and drought tolerance, providing information to assist breeding for high yield and drought tolerance in wheat. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely grown food crops and provides adequate amounts of protein to support human health. Drought stress is the most important abiotic stress constraining yield during the flowering and grain development periods. Precise targeting of genomic regions underlying yield- and drought tolerance-responsive traits would assist in breeding programs. In this study, two water treatments (well-watered, WW, and rain-fed water stress, WS) were applied, and five yield-related agronomic traits (plant height, PH; spike length, SL; spikelet number per spike, SNPS; kernel number per spike, KNPS; thousand kernel weight, TKW) and drought response values (DRVs) were used to characterize the drought sensitivity of each accession. Association mapping was performed on an association panel of 304 accessions, and linkage analysis was applied to a doubled haploid (DH) population of 152 lines. Eleven co-localized genomic regions associated with yield traits and DRV were identified in both populations. Many previously cloned key genes were located in these regions. In particular, a TKW-associated region on chromosome 2D was identified using both association mapping and linkage analysis and a key candidate gene, TraesCS2D02G142500, was detected based on gene annotation and differences in expression levels. Exonic SNPs were analyzed by sequencing the full length of TraesCS2D02G142500 in the association panel, and a rare haplotype, Hap-2, which reduced TKW to a lesser extent than Hap-1 under drought stress, and the Hap-2 varieties presented drought-insensitive. Altogether, this study provides fundamental insights into molecular targets for high yield and drought tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiahui Guo
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
- College of Agronomy, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xionghui Bai
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huo
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Weiping Shi
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Lifeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Keli Dai
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Ruilian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chenyang Hao
- College of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-Construction By Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, Shanxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Xiang S, Wang J, Wang X, Ma X, Peng H, Zhu X, Huang J, Ran M, Ma L, Sun X. A chitosan-coated lentinan-loaded calcium alginate hydrogel induces broad-spectrum resistance to plant viruses by activating Nicotiana benthamiana calmodulin-like (CML) protein 3. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3592-3610. [PMID: 37551976 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Control of plant virus diseases largely depends on the induced plant defence achieved by the external application of synthetic chemical inducers with the ability to modify defence-signalling pathways. However, most of the molecular mechanisms underlying these chemical inducers remain unknown. Here, we developed a chitosan-coated lentinan-loaded hydrogel and discovered how it protects plants from different virus infections. The hydrogel was synthesized by coating chitosan on the surface of the calcium alginate-lentinan (LNT) hydrogel (SL-gel) to form a CSL-gel. CSL-gels exhibit the capacity to prolong the stable release of lentinan and promote Ca2+ release. Application of CSL-gels on the root of plants induces broad-spectrum resistance against plant viruses (TMV, TRV, PVX and TuMV). RNA-seq analysis identified that Nicotiana benthamiana calmodulin-like protein gene 3 (NbCML3) is upregulated by the sustained release of Ca2+ from the CSL-gel, and silencing and overexpression of NbCML alter the susceptibility and resistance of tobacco to TMV. Our findings provide evidence that this novel and synthetic CSL-gel strongly inhibits the infection of plant viruses by the sustainable release of LNT and Ca2+ . This study uncovers a novel mode of action by which CSL-gels trigger NbCML3 expression through the stable and sustained release of Ca2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyu Xiang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaozhou Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoran Peng
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mao Ran
- Chongqing Tobacco Science Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Lisong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianchao Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Ren H, Zhang Y, Zhong M, Hussian J, Tang Y, Liu S, Qi G. Calcium signaling-mediated transcriptional reprogramming during abiotic stress response in plants. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:210. [PMID: 37728763 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a second messenger in plants growth and development, as well as in stress responses. The transient elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration have been reported to be involved in plants response to abiotic and biotic stresses. In plants, Ca2+-induced transcriptional changes trigger molecular mechanisms by which plants adapt and respond to environment stresses. The mechanism for transcription regulation by Ca2+ could be either rapid in which Ca2+ signals directly cause the related response through the gene transcript and protein activities, or involved amplification of Ca2+ signals by up-regulation the expression of Ca2+ responsive genes, and then increase the transmission of Ca2+ signals. Ca2+ regulates the expression of genes by directly binding to the transcription factors (TFs), or indirectly through its sensors like calmodulin, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) and calcineurin B-like protein (CBL). In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the role of Ca2+-mediated transcriptional regulation in different processes in plants. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive overview of Ca2+-mediated transcriptional regulation in plants in response to abiotic stresses including nutrition deficiency, temperature stresses (like heat and cold), dehydration stress, osmotic stress, hypoxic, salt stress, acid rain, and heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minyi Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jamshaid Hussian
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Yuting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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Li L, Guo N, Cao Y, Zhai X, Fan G. Genome-Wide Characterization of Calmodulin and Calmodulin-like Protein Gene Families in Paulownia fortunei and Identification of Their Potential Involvement in Paulownia Witches' Broom. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1540. [PMID: 37628592 PMCID: PMC10454933 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As significant Ca2+ sensors, calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CML), have been associated with a variety of environmental conditions in plants. However, whether CaMs/CMLs are related to the stress of phytoplasma infection has not been reported in Paulownia fortunei. In the current study, 5 PfCaMs and 58 PfCMLs were detected through a genome-wide investigation. The number of EF-hand motifs in all PfCaMs/CMLs varied. Bioinformatics analyses, including protein characteristics, conserved domain, gene structure, cis-elements, evolutionary relationship, collinearity, chromosomal location, post-translation modification site, subcellular localization and expression pattern analyses, represented the conservation and divergence of PfCaMs/CMLs. Furthermore, some PfCaMs/CMLs might be involved in plants' reaction to phytoplasma infection and exogenous calcium therapy, indicating these genes may play a role in abiotic as well as biotic stress responses. In addition, subcellular localization analysis showed that PfCML10 was located in the cell membrane and nucleus. In summary, these findings establish a stronger platform for their subsequent functional investigation in trees and further characterize their roles in Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yabing Cao
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | | | - Guoqiang Fan
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (L.L.); (N.G.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Khan MSS, Ahmed S, Ikram AU, Hannan F, Yasin MU, Wang J, Zhao B, Islam F, Chen J. Phytomelatonin: A key regulator of redox and phytohormones signaling against biotic/abiotic stresses. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102805. [PMID: 37406579 PMCID: PMC10363481 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants being sessile in nature, are exposed to unwarranted threats as a result of constantly changing environmental conditions. These adverse factors can have negative impacts on their growth, development, and yield. Hormones are key signaling molecules enabling cells to respond rapidly to different external and internal stimuli. In plants, melatonin (MT) plays a critical role in the integration of various environmental signals and activation of stress-response networks to develop defense mechanisms and plant resilience. Additionally, melatonin can tackle the stress-induced alteration of cellular redox equilibrium by regulating the expression of redox hemostasis-related genes and proteins. The purpose of this article is to compile and summarize the scientific research pertaining to MT's effects on plants' resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we have summarized that MT exerts a synergistic effect with other phytohormones, for instance, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid, and activates plant defense-related genes against phytopathogens. Furthermore, MT interacts with secondary messengers like Ca2+, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species to regulate the redox network. This interaction triggers different transcription factors to alleviate stress-related responses in plants. Hence, the critical synergic role of MT with diverse plant hormones and secondary messengers demonstrates phytomelatonin's importance in influencing multiple mechanisms to contribute to plant resilience against harsh environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sulaiman Ahmed
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Aziz Ul Ikram
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Yasin
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biying Zhao
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Faisal Islam
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Wang L, Liu Z, Han S, Liu P, Sadeghnezhad E, Liu M. Growth or survival: What is the role of calmodulin-like proteins in plant? Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124733. [PMID: 37148925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signalling, including pulse, amplitude, and duration, is essential for plant development and response to various stimuli. However, the calcium signalling should be decoded and translated by calcium sensors. In plants, three classes of calcium-binding proteins have been identified as calcium sensors, including calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), calcineurin B-like protein (CBL), and calmodulin (CaM). Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs), which have several EF-hands, also serve as specific calcium sensors and can sense, bind, and interpret the calcium signal during the plant's growth and defense decision-making processes. In recent decades, the function of CMLs in plant development and response to various stimuli has been systematically reviewed, shedding light on the molecular mechanism of plant CML-mediated networks in calcium signal transduction. Here, by providing an overview of CML expression and biological function in plants, we demonstrate that growth-defense trade-offs occur during calcium sensing, an aspect that has not been well studied in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Shoukun Han
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Ping Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China.
| | - Ehsan Sadeghnezhad
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China.
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10
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Postiglione AE, Muday GK. Abscisic acid increases hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria to facilitate stomatal closure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:469-487. [PMID: 36573336 PMCID: PMC10152677 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) drives stomatal closure to minimize water loss due to transpiration in response to drought. We examined the subcellular location of ABA-increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells, which drive stomatal closure, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). ABA-dependent increases in fluorescence of the generic ROS sensor, dichlorofluorescein (DCF), were observed in mitochondria, chloroplasts, cytosol, and nuclei. The ABA response in all these locations was lost in an ABA-insensitive quintuple receptor mutant. The ABA-increased fluorescence in mitochondria of both DCF- and an H2O2-selective probe, Peroxy Orange 1, colocalized with Mitotracker Red. ABA treatment of guard cells transformed with the genetically encoded H2O2 reporter targeted to the cytoplasm (roGFP2-Orp1), or mitochondria (mt-roGFP2-Orp1), revealed H2O2 increases. Consistent with mitochondrial ROS changes functioning in stomatal closure, we found that guard cells of a mutant with mitochondrial defects, ABA overly sensitive 6 (abo6), have elevated ABA-induced ROS in mitochondria and enhanced stomatal closure. These effects were phenocopied with rotenone, which increased mitochondrial ROS. In contrast, the mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, MitoQ, dampened ABA effects on mitochondrial ROS accumulation and stomatal closure in Col-0 and reversed the guard cell closure phenotype of the abo6 mutant. ABA-induced ROS accumulation in guard cell mitochondria was lost in mutants in genes encoding respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) enzymes and reduced by treatment with the RBOH inhibitor, VAS2870, consistent with RBOH machinery acting in ABA-increased ROS in guard cell mitochondria. These results demonstrate that ABA elevates H2O2 accumulation in guard cell mitochondria to promote stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Postiglione
- Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA 27109
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA 27109
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11
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Bei X, Wang S, Huang X, Zhang X, Zhou J, Zhang H, Li G, Cheng C. Characterization of three tandem-duplicated calcium binding protein (CaBP) genes and promoters reveals their roles in the phytohormone and wounding responses in citrus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:1162-1173. [PMID: 36473528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidences have revealed the critical roles of calcium binding protein (CaBP) in growth and stress responses of plants. However, its function in woody plants is poorly understood. In this study, we cloned the CDS, gDNA and promoter sequences of three tandem-duplicated CaBPs (CsCaBP1, CsCaBP2 and CsCaBP3) from Citrus sinensis, analyzed their sequence characteristics, and investigated their gene expression patterns and promoter activities under treatments of CaCl2, several phytohormones and wounding. Results showed that the three CsCaBPs have high sequence similarity. Their expression was strongly induced by CaCl2, ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and wounding, and the promoting effect of wounding on their expression was found to be partially ethylene-dependent. Consistently, we identified many phytohormone-related cis-acting elements in their promoters, and their promoter activity could be induced significantly by ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and wounding. All the three CsCaBPs can interact with WRKY40, whose encoding gene showed a similar expression pattern to CsCaBPs under phytohormone and wounding treatments. In addition, CsERF14, CsERF21, CsERF3 and CsERF2 could bind to their promoters. The results obtained in this study indicated that the three duplicated CsCaBPs were functionally redundant and played similar roles in the phytohormone and wounding responses of C. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Bei
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China.
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan 678000, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Huiting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Guoguo Li
- Horticultural Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Chunzhen Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China.
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12
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Zhao H, Gao Y, Du Y, Du J, Han Y. Genome-wide analysis of the CML gene family and its response to melatonin in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Sci Rep 2023; 13:1196. [PMID: 36681714 PMCID: PMC9867747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like proteins (CML) are important calcium signal transduction proteins in plants. CML genes have been analyzed in several plants. However, little information on CML in Phaseolus vulgare is available. In this study, we identified 111 PvCMLs distributed on eleven chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into seven subfamilies. Cis-acting element prediction showed that PvCML contained elements related to growth and development, response to abiotic stress and hormones. Moreover, the majority of PvCMLs showed different expression patterns in most of the nine tissues and developmental stages which indicated the role of PvCML in the growth and development of common bean. Additionally, the common bean was treated with melatonin by seed soaking, and root transcriptome at the 5th day and qRT-PCR of different tissue at several stages were performed to reveal the response of PvCML to the hormone. Interestingly, 9 PvCML genes of subfamily VI were detected responsive to exogenous melatonin, and the expression dynamics of nine melatonin response PvCML genes after seed soaking with melatonin were revealed. Finally, the protein interaction network analysis of nine melatonin responsive PvCMLs was constructed. The systematic analysis of the PvCML gene family provides theoretical support for the further elucidation of their functions, and melatonin response molecular mechanism of the CML family in P. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Gao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in the Cold Region, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidao Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqiang Han
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Vu MH, Hyun TK, Bahk S, Jo Y, Kumar R, Thiruppathi D, Iswanto ABB, Chung WS, Shelake RM, Kim JY. ROS-mediated plasmodesmal regulation requires a network of an Arabidopsis receptor-like kinase, calmodulin-like proteins, and callose synthases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1107224. [PMID: 36743578 PMCID: PMC9893415 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1107224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) play a critical role in symplasmic communication, coordinating plant activities related to growth & development, and environmental stress responses. Most developmental and environmental stress signals induce reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signaling in the apoplast that causes PD closure by callose deposition. Although the apoplastic ROS signals are primarily perceived at the plasma membrane (PM) by receptor-like kinases (RLKs), such components involved in PD regulation are not yet known. Here, we show that an Arabidopsis NOVEL CYS-RICH RECEPTOR KINASE (NCRK), a PD-localized protein, is required for plasmodesmal callose deposition in response to ROS stress. We identified the involvement of NCRK in callose accumulation at PD channels in either basal level or ROS-dependent manner. Loss-of-function mutant (ncrk) of NCRK induces impaired callose accumulation at the PD under the ROS stress resembling a phenotype of the PD-regulating GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE 4 (gsl4) knock-out plant. The overexpression of transgenic NCRK can complement the callose and the PD permeability phenotypes of ncrk mutants but not kinase-inactive NCRK variants or Cys-mutant NCRK, in which Cys residues were mutated in Cys-rich repeat ectodomain. Interestingly, NCRK mediates plasmodesmal permeability in mechanical injury-mediated signaling pathways regulated by GSL4. Furthermore, we show that NCRK interacts with calmodulin-like protein 41 (CML41) and GSL4 in response to ROS stress. Altogether, our data indicate that NCRK functions as an upstream regulator of PD callose accumulation in response to ROS-mediated stress signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Huy Vu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, College of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwha Bahk
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Jo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhineshkumar Thiruppathi
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sik Chung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Research and Development Center, Nulla Bio Inc 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Calcium decoders and their targets: The holy alliance that regulate cellular responses in stress signaling. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 134:371-439. [PMID: 36858741 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is versatile communication network in the cell. Stimuli perceived by cells are transposed through Ca2+-signature, and are decoded by plethora of Ca2+ sensors present in the cell. Calmodulin, calmodulin-like proteins, Ca2+-dependent protein kinases and calcineurin B-like proteins are major classes of proteins that decode the Ca2+ signature and serve in the propagation of signals to different parts of cells by targeting downstream proteins. These decoders and their targets work together to elicit responses against diverse stress stimuli. Over a period of time, significant attempts have been made to characterize as well as summarize elements of this signaling machinery. We begin with a structural overview and amalgamate the newly identified Ca2+ sensor protein in plants. Their ability to bind Ca2+, undergo conformational changes, and how it facilitates binding to a wide variety of targets is further embedded. Subsequently, we summarize the recent progress made on the functional characterization of Ca2+ sensing machinery and in particular their target proteins in stress signaling. We have focused on the physiological role of Ca2+, the Ca2+ sensing machinery, and the mode of regulation on their target proteins during plant stress adaptation. Additionally, we also discuss the role of these decoders and their mode of regulation on the target proteins during abiotic, hormone signaling and biotic stress responses in plants. Finally, here, we have enumerated the limitations and challenges in the Ca2+ signaling. This article will greatly enable in understanding the current picture of plant response and adaptation during diverse stimuli through the lens of Ca2+ signaling.
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15
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Uddin S, Bae D, Cha JY, Ahn G, Kim WY, Kim MG. Coronatine Induces Stomatal Reopening by Inhibiting Hormone Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 65:403-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s12374-022-09362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
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16
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Yu S, Wu J, Sun Y, Zhu H, Sun Q, Zhao P, Huang R, Guo Z. A calmodulin-like protein (CML10) interacts with cytosolic enzymes GSTU8 and FBA6 to regulate cold tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1321-1333. [PMID: 35751606 PMCID: PMC9516781 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are calcium (Ca2+) sensors involved in plant growth and development as well as adaptation to environmental stresses; however, their roles in plant responses to cold are not well understood. To reveal the role of MsCML10 from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in regulating cold tolerance, we examined transgenic alfalfa and Medicago truncatula overexpressing MsCML10, MsCML10-RNAi alfalfa, and a M. truncatula cml10-1 mutant and identified MsCML10-interacting proteins. MsCML10 and MtCML10 transcripts were induced by cold treatment. Upregulation or downregulation of MsCML10 resulted in increased or decreased cold tolerance, respectively, while cml10-1 showed decreased cold tolerance that was complemented by expressing MsCML10, suggesting that MsCML10 regulates cold tolerance. MsCML10 interacted with glutathione S-transferase (MsGSTU8) and fructose 1,6-biphosphate aldolase (MsFBA6), and the interaction depended on the presence of Ca2+. The altered activities of Glutathione S-transferase and FBA and levels of ROS and sugars were associated with MsCML10 transcript levels. We propose that MsCML10 decodes the cold-induced Ca2+ signal and regulates cold tolerance through activating MsGSTU8 and MsFBA6, leading to improved maintenance of ROS homeostasis and increased accumulation of sugars for osmoregulation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Yu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanmei Sun
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiguo Sun
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhao
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Risheng Huang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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17
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Li Y, Zhang H, Dong F, Zou J, Gao C, Zhu Z, Liu Y. Multiple roles of wheat calmodulin genes during stress treatment and TaCAM2-D as a positive regulator in response to drought and salt tolerance. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:985-997. [PMID: 36027985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are the most prominent calcium (Ca2+) sensing proteins involved in Ca2+-signaling processes. However, the function of these calcium sensors in wheat remains unclear. In this study, 15 TaCAMs and 113 TaCMLs were identified from the wheat reference genome. The analysis of cis-acting elements and expression patterns showed that TaCAMs might play an important role in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. TaCAM2-D gene was found to be significantly upregulated under drought and salt stresses, and thus, it was selected to further explore the biological function. Moreover, TaCAM2-D was observed to be localized in the nucleus, membrane and cytoplasm. Overexpression of TaCAM2-D in Arabidopsis conferred greater tolerance to drought and salt. The prediction analysis, the yeast two-hybrid analysis, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay indicated that TaCAM2-D interacted with TaMPK8, which is one of the wheat mitogen-activated protein kinases. Thus, the current study provides insights into the understanding of the TaCAM and TaCML genes in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China
| | - Feiyan Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunbao Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanwang Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yike Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central China, Wuhan, China.
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Fang X, Ma J, Guo F, Qi D, Zhao M, Zhang C, Wang L, Song B, Liu S, He S, Liu Y, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. The AP2/ERF GmERF113 Positively Regulates the Drought Response by Activating GmPR10-1 in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158159. [PMID: 35897735 PMCID: PMC9330420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are involved in biotic and abiotic stress; however, the drought resistance mechanisms of many ERFs in soybeans have not been resolved. Previously, we proved that GmERF113 enhances resistance to the pathogen Phytophthora sojae in soybean. Here, we determined that GmERF113 is induced by 20% PEG-6000. Compared to the wild-type plants, soybean plants overexpressing GmERF113 (GmERF113-OE) displayed increased drought tolerance which was characterized by milder leaf wilting, less water loss from detached leaves, smaller stomatal aperture, lower Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increased proline accumulation, and higher Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) activities under drought stress, whereas plants with GmERF113 silenced through RNA interference were the opposite. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual effector-reporter assays showed that GmERF113 binds to the GCC-box in the GmPR10-1 promoter, activating GmPR10-1 expression directly. Overexpressing GmPR10-1 improved drought resistance in the composite soybean plants with transgenic hairy roots. RNA-seq analysis revealed that GmERF113 downregulates abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase 3 (GmABA8’-OH 3) and upregulates various drought-related genes. Overexpressing GmERF113 and GmPR10-1 increased the abscisic acid (ABA) content and reduced the expression of GmABA8’-OH3 in transgenic soybean plants and hairy roots, respectively. These results reveal that the GmERF113-GmPR10-1 pathway improves drought resistance and affects the ABA content in soybean, providing a theoretical basis for the molecular breeding of drought-tolerant soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jia Ma
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Fengcai Guo
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Dongyue Qi
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ming Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chuanzhong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Le Wang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Song
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shengfu He
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaguang Liu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (X.F.); (J.M.); (F.G.); (D.Q.); (M.Z.); (C.Z.); (L.W.); (B.S.); (S.L.); (S.H.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (P.X.); (S.Z.)
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Fu M, Wu C, Li X, Ding X, Guo F. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of CsCaM/CML Gene Family in Response to Low-Temperature and Salt Stresses in Chrysanthemum seticuspe. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131760. [PMID: 35807712 PMCID: PMC9268918 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CML) act as significant Ca2+ sensors binding Ca2+ with EF-hand motifs and have been reported to be involved in various environmental stresses in plants. In this study, calmodulin CsCaM/CML gene family members were identified based on the genome of Chrysanthemum seticuspe published recently; a phylogenetic tree was constructed; gene structures and chromosomal locations of CsCaM/CML were depicted; cis-acting regulatory elements were predicted; collinearity and duplicate events of CaM/CML were analyzed using MCScanX software; and the expression levels of CsCaM/CML in response to abiotic stress were analyzed, based on the published RNA-seq data. We identified 86 CsCaM/CML (4 CsCaMs and 82 CsCMLs) genes in total. Promoter sequences of CsCaM/CML contained elements related to abiotic stresses (including low-temperature and anaerobic stresses) and plant hormones (including abscisic acid (ABA), MeJA, and salicylic acid). CsCaM/CML genes were distributed on nine chromosomes unevenly. Collinearity analysis indicated that recent segmental duplications significantly enlarged the scale of the CML family in C. seticuspe. Four CsCMLs (CsCML14, CsCML50, CsCML65, and CsCML79) were statistically differentially regulated under low-temperature and salt stress compared with those in the normal condition. These results indicate diverse roles of CsCaM/CML in plant development and in response to environmental stimuli in C. seticuspe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fangqi Guo
- Correspondence: Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-8640-4013
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20
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Isoprene Emission Influences the Proteomic Profile of Arabidopsis Plants under Well-Watered and Drought-Stress Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073836. [PMID: 35409196 PMCID: PMC8998555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoprene is a small lipophilic molecule synthesized in plastids and abundantly released into the atmosphere. Isoprene-emitting plants are better protected against abiotic stresses, but the mechanism of action of isoprene is still under debate. In this study, we compared the physiological responses and proteomic profiles of Arabidopsis which express the isoprene synthase (ISPS) gene and emit isoprene with those of non-emitting plants under both drought-stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) conditions. We aimed to investigate whether isoprene-emitting plants displayed a different proteomic profile that is consistent with the metabolic changes already reported. Only ISPS DS plants were able to maintain the same photosynthesis and fresh weight of WW plants. LC-MS/MS-based proteomic analysis revealed changes in protein abundance that were dependent on the capacity for emitting isoprene in addition to those caused by the DS. The majority of the proteins changed in response to the interaction between DS and isoprene emission. These include proteins that are associated with the activation of secondary metabolisms leading to ABA, trehalose, and proline accumulations. Overall, our proteomic data suggest that isoprene exerts its protective mechanism at different levels: under drought stress, isoprene affects the abundance of chloroplast proteins, confirming a strong direct or indirect antioxidant action and also modulates signaling and hormone pathways, especially those controlling ABA synthesis. Unexpectedly, isoprene also alters membrane trafficking.
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21
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Chen H, Yang Q, Fu H, Chen K, Zhao S, Zhang C, Cai T, Wang L, Lu W, Dang H, Gao M, Li H, Yuan X, Varshney RK, Zhuang W. Identification of Key Gene Networks and Deciphering Transcriptional Regulators Associated With Peanut Embryo Abortion Mediated by Calcium Deficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:814015. [PMID: 35386666 PMCID: PMC8978587 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.814015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peanut embryo development is easily affected by a variety of nutrient elements in the soil, especially the calcium level. Peanut produces abortive embryos in calcium-deficient soil, but underlying mechanism remains unclear. Thus, identifying key transcriptional regulators and their associated regulatory networks promises to contribute to a better understanding of this process. In this study, cellular biology and gene expression analyses were performed to investigate peanut embryo development with the aim to discern the global architecture of gene regulatory networks underlying peanut embryo abortion under calcium deficiency conditions. The endomembrane systems tended to disintegrate, impairing cell growth and starch, protein and lipid body accumulation, resulting in aborted seeds. RNA-seq analysis showed that the gene expression profile in peanut embryos was significantly changed under calcium deficiency. Further analysis indicated that multiple signal pathways were involved in the peanut embryo abortion. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) related to cytoplasmic free Ca2+ were significantly altered. DEGs in plant hormone signaling pathways tended to be associated with increased IAA and ethylene but with decreased ABA, gibberellin, cytokinin, and brassinosteroid levels. Certain vital genes, including apoptosis-inducing factor, WRKYs and ethylene-responsive transcription factors, were up-regulated, while key regulators of embryo development, such as TCP4, WRI1, FUS3, ABI3, and GLK1 were down-regulated. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 16 significant modules associated with the plant hormone signaling, MAPK signaling, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, reserve substance biosynthesis and metabolism pathways to decipher regulatory network. The most significant module was darkolivegreen2 and FUS3 (AH06G23930) had the highest connectivity among this module. Importantly, key transcription factors involved in embryogenesis or ovule development including TCP4, GLK1, ABI3, bHLH115, MYC2, etc., were also present in this module and down regulated under calcium deficiency. This study presents the first global view of the gene regulatory network involved in peanut embryo abortion under calcium deficiency conditions and lays foundation for improving peanut tolerances to calcium deficiency by a targeted manipulation of molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiecheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meijia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Center for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Huaqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Center for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Center for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Weijian Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Institute of Oil Crops Research, Research Center for Genetics and Systems Biology of Leguminous Oil Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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22
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Cai K, Kuang L, Yue W, Xie S, Xia X, Zhang G, Wang J. Calmodulin and calmodulin-like gene family in barley: Identification, characterization and expression analyses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964888. [PMID: 36061813 PMCID: PMC9439640 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are Ca2+ relays and play diverse and multiple roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. However, CaM/CML gene family has not been identified in barley (Hordeum vulgare). In the present study, 5 HvCaMs and 80 HvCMLs were identified through a genome-wide analysis. All HvCaM proteins possessed 4 EF-hand motifs, whereas HvCMLs contained 1 to 4 EF-hand motifs. HvCaM2, HvCaM3 and HvCaM5 coded the same polypeptide although they differed in nucleotide sequence, which was identical to the polypeptides coded by OsCaM1-1, OsCaM1-2 and OsCaM1-3. HvCaMs/CMLs were unevenly distributed over barley 7 chromosomes, and could be phylogenetically classified into 8 groups. HvCaMs/CMLs differed in gene structure, cis-acting elements and tissue expression patterns. Segmental and tandem duplication were observed among HvCaMs/CMLs during evolution. HvCML16, HvCML18, HvCML50 and HvCML78 were dispensable genes and the others were core genes in barley pan-genome. In addition, 14 HvCaM/CML genes were selected to examine their responses to salt, osmotic and low potassium stresses by qRT-PCR, and their expression were stress-and time-dependent. These results facilitate our understanding and further functional identification of HvCaMs/CMLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangfeng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- National Barley Improvement Centre, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuhui Kuang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Yue
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- National Barley Improvement Centre, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanggeng Xie
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- National Barley Improvement Centre, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junmei Wang,
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23
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Patra N, Hariharan S, Gain H, Maiti MK, Das A, Banerjee J. TypiCal but DeliCate Ca ++re: Dissecting the Essence of Calcium Signaling Network as a Robust Response Coordinator of Versatile Abiotic and Biotic Stimuli in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:752246. [PMID: 34899779 PMCID: PMC8655846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.752246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth, development, and ultimately crop productivity are largely impacted by the interaction of plants with different abiotic and biotic factors throughout their life cycle. Perception of different abiotic stresses, such as salt, cold, drought, heat, and heavy metals, and interaction with beneficial and harmful biotic agents by plants lead to transient, sustained, or oscillatory changes of [calcium ion, Ca2+]cyt within the cell. Significant progress has been made in the decoding of Ca2+ signatures into downstream responses to modulate differential developmental and physiological responses in the whole plant. Ca2+ sensor proteins, mainly calmodulins (CaMs), calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs), and others, such as Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), and calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) have played critical roles in coupling the specific stress stimulus with an appropriate response. This review summarizes the current understanding of the Ca2+ influx and efflux system in plant cells and various Ca2+ binding protein-mediated signal transduction pathways that are delicately orchestrated to mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses. The probable interactions of different components of Ca2+ sensor relays and Ca2+ sensor responders in response to various external stimuli have been described diagrammatically focusing on established pathways and latest developments. Present comprehensive insight into key components of the Ca2+ signaling toolkit in plants can provide an innovative framework for biotechnological manipulations toward crop improvability in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Patra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Shruthi Hariharan
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Hena Gain
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mrinal K. Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Arpita Das
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, India
| | - Joydeep Banerjee
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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24
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Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312619. [PMID: 34884426 PMCID: PMC8657568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins, also known as Group II late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, are classic intrinsically disordered proteins, which have high hydrophilicity. A wide range of hostile environmental conditions including low temperature, drought, and high salinity stimulate dehydrin expression. Numerous studies have furnished evidence for the protective role played by dehydrins in plants exposed to abiotic stress. Furthermore, dehydrins play important roles in seed maturation and plant stress tolerance. Hence, dehydrins might also protect plasma membranes and proteins and stabilize DNA conformations. In the present review, we discuss the regulatory networks of dehydrin gene expression including the abscisic acid (ABA), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade, and Ca2+ signaling pathways. Crosstalk among these molecules and pathways may form a complex, diverse regulatory network, which may be implicated in regulating the same dehydrin.
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25
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Sun Q, Huang R, Zhu H, Sun Y, Guo Z. A novel Medicago truncatula calmodulin-like protein (MtCML42) regulates cold tolerance and flowering time. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:1069-1082. [PMID: 34528312 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are one of the Ca2+ sensors in plants, but the functions of most CMLs remain unknown. The regulation of cold tolerance and flowering time by MtCML42 in Medicago truncatula and the underlying mechanisms were investigated using MtCML42-overexpressing plants and cml42 Medicago mutants with a Tnt1 retrotransposon insertion. Compared with the wild type (WT), MtCML42-overexpressing lines had increased cold tolerance, whereas cml42 mutants showed decreased cold tolerance. The impaired cold tolerance in cml42 could b complemented by MtCML42 expression. The transcript levels of MtCBF1, MtCBF4, MtCOR413, MtCAS15, MtLTI6A, MtGolS1 and MtGolS2 and the concentrations of raffinose and sucrose were increased in response to cold treatment, whereas higher levels were observed in MtCML42-overexpressing lines and lower levels were observed in cml42 mutants. In addition, early flowering with upregulated MtFTa1 and downregulated MtABI5 transcripts was observed in MtCML42-overexpressing lines, whereas delayed flowering with downregulated MtFTa1 and upregulated MtABI5 was observed in cml42. MtABI5 expression could complement the flowering phenotype in the Arabidopsis mutant abi5. Our results suggest that MtCML42 positively regulates MtCBF1 and MtCBF4 expression, which in turn upregulates the expression of some COR genes, MtGolS1 and MtGolS2, which leads to raffinose accumulation and increased cold tolerance. MtCML42 regulates flowering time through sequentially downregulating MtABI5 and upregulating MtFTa1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiguo Sun
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Risheng Huang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanmei Sun
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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26
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Ding H, Qian Y, Fang Y, Ji Y, Sheng J, Ge C. Characteristics of SlCML39, a Tomato Calmodulin-like Gene, and Its Negative Role in High Temperature Tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana during Germination and Seedling Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111479. [PMID: 34768907 PMCID: PMC8584099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are primary calcium sensors and function in plant growth and response to stress stimuli. However, so far, the function of plant CML proteins, including tomato, is still unclear. Previously, it was found that a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) CML, here named SlCML39, was significantly induced by high temperature (HT) at transcription level, but its biological function is scarce. In this study, the characteristics of SlCML39 and its role in HT tolerance were studied. SlCML39 encodes a protein of 201 amino acids containing four EF hand motifs. Many cis-acting elements related to plant stress and hormone response appear in the promoter regions of SlCML39. SlCML39 is mainly expressed in the root, stem, and leaf and can be regulated by HT, cold, drought, and salt stresses as well as ABA and H2O2. Furthermore, heterologous overexpression of SlCML39 reduces HT tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana at the germination and seedling growth stages. To better understand the molecular mechanism of SlCML39, the downstream gene network regulated by SlCML39 under HT was analyzed by RNA-Seq. Interestingly, we found that many genes involved in stress responses as well as ABA signal pathway are down-regulated in the transgenic seedlings under HT stress, such as KIN1, RD29B, RD26, and MAP3K18. Collectively, these data indicate that SlCML39 acts as an important negative regulator in response to HT stress, which might be mediated by the ABA signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (C.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-514-8797-9204
| | - Ying Qian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Yifang Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Yurong Ji
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiarong Sheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Cailin Ge
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (C.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-514-8797-9204
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27
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Aleem M, Raza MM, Haider MS, Atif RM, Ali Z, Bhat JA, Zhao T. Comprehensive RNA-seq analysis revealed molecular pathways and genes associated with drought tolerance in wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:707-732. [PMID: 32984966 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress at the germination stage is an important environmental stress limiting crop yield. Hence, our study investigated comparative root transcriptome profiles of four contrasting soybean genotypes viz., drought-tolerant (PI342618B/DTP and A214/DTL) and drought-sensitive (NN86-4/DSP and A195/DSL) under drought stress using RNA-Seq approach. A total of 4850 and 6272 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in tolerant (DTP and DTL) and sensitive (DSP and DSL) genotypes, respectively. Principle component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis revealed higher correlation between DTP and DTL. Both gene ontology (GO) and MapMan analyses showed that the drought response was enriched in DEGs associated with water and auxin transport, cell wall/membrane, antioxidant activity, catalytic activity, secondary metabolism, signaling and transcription factor (TF) activities. Out of 981 DEGs screened from above terms, only 547 showed consistent opposite expression between contrasting genotypes. Twenty-eight DEGs of 547 were located on Chr.08 rich in QTLs and "Hotspot regions" associated with drought stress, and eight of them showed non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism. Hence, 10 genes (including above eight genes plus two hub genes) were predicated as possible candidates regulating drought tolerance, which needs further functional validation. Overall, the transcriptome profiling provided in-depth understanding about the genetic mechanism and candidate genes underlying drought tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqadas Aleem
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad M Raza
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad S Haider
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rana M Atif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Javaid A Bhat
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Zhu L, Zhang XQ, Ye D, Chen LQ. The Mildew Resistance Locus O 4 Interacts with CaM/CML and Is Involved in Root Gravity Response. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115962. [PMID: 34073116 PMCID: PMC8198571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-specific mildew resistance locus O (MLO) proteins, which contain seven transmembrane domains and a conserved calmodulin-binding domain, play important roles in many plant developmental processes. However, their mechanisms that regulate plant development remain unclear. Here, we report the functional characterization of the MLO4 protein in Arabidopsis roots. The MLO4 was identified as interacting with CML12 in a screening for the interaction between the proteins from Arabidopsis MLO and calmodulin/calmodulin-like (CaM/CML) families using yeast two hybrid (Y2H) assays. Then, the interaction between MLO4 and CML12 was further verified by Luciferase Complementation Imaging (LCI) and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assays. Genetic analysis showed that the mlo4, cml12, and mlo4 cml12 mutants displayed similar defects in root gravity response. These results imply that the MLO4 might play an important role in root gravity response through interaction with CML12. Moreover, our results also demonstrated that the interaction between the MLO and CaM/CML families might be conservative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.-Q.C.)
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - De Ye
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.-Q.Z.); (D.Y.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.-Q.C.)
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Hou Q, Liu Y, Wang J, Deng S. Isolation and Functional Characterization of a Salt-Responsive Calmodulin-Like Gene MpCML40 from Semi-Mangrove Millettia pinnata. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3475. [PMID: 33801703 PMCID: PMC8036263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is a major increasing threat to global agriculture. Pongamia (Millettia pinnata), a semi-mangrove, is a good model to study the molecular mechanism of plant adaptation to the saline environment. Calcium signaling pathways play critical roles in the model plants such as Arabidopsis in responding to salt stress, but little is known about their function in Pongamia. Here, we have isolated and characterized a salt-responsive MpCML40, a calmodulin-like (CML) gene from Pongamia. MpCML40 protein has 140 amino acids and is homologous with Arabidopsis AtCML40. MpCML40 contains four EF-hand motifs and a bipartite NLS (Nuclear Localization Signal) and localizes both at the plasma membrane and in the nucleus. MpCML40 was highly induced after salt treatment, especially in Pongamia roots. Heterologous expression of MpCML40 in yeast cells improved their salt tolerance. The 35S::MpCML40 transgenic Arabidopsis highly enhanced seed germination rate and root length under salt and osmotic stresses. The transgenic plants had a higher level of proline and a lower level of MDA (malondialdehyde) under normal and stress conditions, which suggested that heterologous expression of MpCML40 contributed to proline accumulation to improve salt tolerance and protect plants from the ROS (reactive oxygen species) destructive effects. Furthermore, we did not observe any measurable discrepancies in the development and growth between the transgenic plants and wild-type plants under normal growth conditions. Our results suggest that MpCML40 is an important positive regulator in response to salt stress and of potential application in producing salt-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
| | - Jianzi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Qiongzhao Hou
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (Q.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yujuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (Q.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Costal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
| | - Shulin Deng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
- Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Wei F, Song T, Yu Y, Yu M, Fan Q, Yang Y, Xue G, Zhang X. Nucleoredoxin Gene TaNRX1 Positively Regulates Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:756338. [PMID: 34868149 PMCID: PMC8632643 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.756338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the main abiotic stress factor limiting the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Therefore, improving wheat tolerance to drought stress is essential for maintaining yield. Previous studies have reported on the important role of TaNRX1 in conferring drought stress tolerance. Therefore, to elucidate the regulation mechanism by which TaNRX1 confers drought resistance in wheat, we generated TaNRX1 overexpression (OE) and RNA interference (RNAi) wheat lines. The results showed that the tolerance of the OE lines to drought stress were significantly enhanced. The survival rate, leaf chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugar content, and activities of the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase) of the OE lines were higher than those of the wild type (WT); however, the relative electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion levels of the OE lines were lower than those of the WT; the RNAi lines showed the opposite results. RNA-seq results showed that the common differentially expressed genes of TaNRX1 OE and RNAi lines, before and after drought stress, were mainly distributed in the plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropane biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon metabolism pathways and were related to the transcription factors, including WRKY, MYB, and bHLH families. This study suggests that TaNRX1 positively regulates drought stress tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunrui Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Jianfei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Fan Wei
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Tianqi Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ming Yu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Qiru Fan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yanning Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Gang Xue
- College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Xue,
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Xiaoke Zhang,
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He X, Liu W, Li W, Liu Y, Wang W, Xie P, Kang Y, Liao L, Qian L, Liu Z, Guan C, Guan M, Hua W. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of CaM/CML genes in Brassica napus under abiotic stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 255:153251. [PMID: 33129076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are primary calcium (Ca2+) sensors and are involved in the regulation of plant development and stress responses by converting calcium signals into transcriptional responses, protein phosphorylation, or metabolic changes. However, the characterization and expression profiling of CaM/CML genes in Brassica napus remain limited. The present study reports that 25 BnaCaM and 168 BnaCML genes were identified in B. napus. The phylogenetics, gene structures, gene motifs, gene chromosomal locations, syntenic and Ka/Ks analysis, promoter cis-acting elements, and expression characteristics in various organs and under abiotic stress were evaluated. The phylogenetic results revealed a total of 11 subgroups, including one unique clade of CaMs distinct from CMLs. Most of group I (CaM), II, III, and X members are intron rich, while members from the other seven groups are intron-less. The majority of CaM/CML proteins have four EF-hands. Syntenic analysis showed that 91.3 % orthologous CaM/CML gene pairs between B. rapa and B. oleracea were retained as homologous gene pairs in B. napus. Ka/Ks analysis indicated that the majority of BnaCaM/CML experienced purifying selection. Expression analysis showed that BnaCaMs genes are highly and ubiquitously expressed in all of the organs and tissues examined, while distinct BnaCMLs are expressed specifically in particular organs and tissues. In total, 129 BnaCaM/CML were induced by abiotic stress and phytohormones. BnaCMLs from group IV, VI, VIII, and X were strongly induced by freezing treatment, but were not or just slightly induced by chilling treatment. The present study is the first to analyze the CaM/CML gene family in B. napus, which is useful for understanding the functions of the BnaCaM/CML in modulating plant responses to abiotic stress, especially freezing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Pan Xie
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Li Liao
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Lunwen Qian
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhongsong Liu
- Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Chunyun Guan
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Mei Guan
- Oil Crops Research, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Hunan Branch of National Oilseed Crops Improvement Center, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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The Grapevine Calmodulin-Like Protein Gene CML21 Is Regulated by Alternative Splicing and Involved in Abiotic Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217939. [PMID: 33114685 PMCID: PMC7663043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) represent a large family of plant calcium sensor proteins involved in the regulation of plant responses to environmental cues and developmental processes. In the present work, we identified four alternatively spliced mRNA forms of the grapevine CML21 gene that encoded proteins with distinct N-terminal regions. We studied the transcript abundance of CML21v1, CML21v2, CML21v3, and CML21v4 in wild-growing grapevine Vitis amurensis Rupr. in response to desiccation, heat, cold, high salinity, and high mannitol stress using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The levels of all four splice variants of VaCML21 were highly induced in response to cold stress. In addition, VaCML21v1 and VaCML21v2 forms were highly modulated by all other abiotic stress treatments. Constitutive expression of VaCML21v2 and VaCML21v4 improved biomass accumulation of V. amurensis callus cell cultures under prolonged low temperature stress. Heterologous expression of the grapevine CML21v2 and VaCML21v4 splice variants in Arabidopsis improved survival rates of the transgenic plants after freezing. The VaCML21v2 overexpression enhanced activation of the cold stress-responsive marker genes AtDREB1A and AtDREB2A, while VaCML21v4 overexpression—AtCOR47, AtRD29A, AtRD29B, and AtKIN1 genes after freezing stress in the transgenic Arabidopsis. The results indicate that the grapevine CML21 gene acts as a positive regulator in the plant response to cold stress. The detected variety of CML21 transcripts and their distinct transcriptional responses suggested that this expansion of mRNA variants could contribute to the diversity of grapevine adaptive reactions.
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Wang Y, Gao Y, Zang P, Xu Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals underlying immune response mechanism of fungal (Penicillium oxalicum) disease in Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. chow (Orchidaceae). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:445. [PMID: 32993485 PMCID: PMC7525978 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow is a medicinal plant. G. elata f. glauca is unavoidably infected by pathogens in their growth process. In previous work, we have successfully isolated and identified Penicillium oxalicum from fungal diseased tubers of G. elata f. glauca. As a widespread epidemic, this fungal disease seriously affected the yield and quality of G. elata f. glauca. We speculate that the healthy G. elata F. glauca might carry resistance genes, which can resist against fungal disease. In this study, healthy and fungal diseased mature tubers of G. elata f. glauca from Changbai Mountain area were used as experimental materials to help us find potential resistance genes against the fungal disease. RESULTS A total of 7540 differentially expressed Unigenes (DEGs) were identified (FDR < 0.01, log2FC > 2). The current study screened 10 potential resistance genes. They were attached to transcription factors (TFs) in plant hormone signal transduction pathway and plant pathogen interaction pathway, including WRKY22, GH3, TIFY/JAZ, ERF1, WRKY33, TGA. In addition, four of these genes were closely related to jasmonic acid signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The immune response mechanism of fungal disease in G. elata f. glauca is a complex biological process, involving plant hormones such as ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and disease-resistant transcription factors such as WRKY, TGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Pu Zang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yue Xu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
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Sun Q, Yu S, Guo Z. Calmodulin-Like (CML) Gene Family in Medicago truncatula: Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7142. [PMID: 32992668 PMCID: PMC7582678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is an important second messenger in mediating adaptation responses of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses. Calmodulin-like (CML) protein is an important calcium-signaling protein that can sense and decode Ca2+ signal in plants. Medicago truncatula is a model legume plant; however, investigations of MtCML proteins are limited. Using genome analysis and BLAST database searches, fifty MtCML proteins that possess EF-hand motifs were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CML homologs between M. truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa shared close relationships. Gene structure analysis revealed that these MtCML genes contained one to four conserved EF-hand motifs. All MtCMLs are localized to eight chromosomes and underwent gene duplication. In addition, MtCML genes were differentially expressed in different tissues of M. truncatula. Cis-acting elements in promoter region and expression analysis revealed the potential response of MtCML protein to abiotic stress and hormones. The results provide a basis of further functional research on the MtCML gene family and facilitate their potential use for applications in the genetic improvement on M. truncatula in drought, cold and salt stress environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.S.); (S.Y.)
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Acet T, Kadıoğlu A. SOS5 gene-abscisic acid crosstalk and their interaction with antioxidant system in Arabidopsis thaliana under salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1831-1845. [PMID: 32943819 PMCID: PMC7468026 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
SOS5 locus, encodes cell wall adhesion protein under salt stress conditions in plants, and it is required for normal cell expansion as well as for sustaining cell wall integrity and structure. However, it is still unknown how this gene locus-ABA cross-talk and interacts with the antioxidant mechanism under salt stress conditions. For this purpose, the study focused on mutant sos5-1 plant treated with ABA under NaCl stress and observed its growth and development as well as stomatal aperture, lipid peroxidation, proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ABA contents, and some antioxidant enzyme activities. In addition, the expression levels of ABA related genes have been analysed by RT-PCR after stress application. According to findings, sos5-1 mutant plants treated with ABA under salt stress resulted in eliminated cellular damage compared to those which are solely exposed to salt stress; other observations include closing of stomata, decreased H2O2 content, increased amount of proline, and similarity with the wild type due to induced antioxidant enzyme activities. Besides, both ABA biosynthetic and inducible gene expressions of the mutant plant under salt stress were lower compared to the control, and catabolism gene expression was higher. As a result, SOS5 gene in synergy with ABA, scavenge the ROS by stimulating antioxidant system, leads to an increase in stress related gene expressions and thus contributes to salinity tolerance. This study is significant in the way that it shows how SOS5 gene locus, under salt stress conditions, interacts with antioxidant system in sustaining cell wall integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Acet
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gümüşhane University, 29100 Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - Asım Kadıoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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Stock J, Bräutigam A, Melzer M, Bienert GP, Bunk B, Nagel M, Overmann J, Keller ERJ, Mock HP. The transcription factor WRKY22 is required during cryo-stress acclimation in Arabidopsis shoot tips. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4993-5009. [PMID: 32710609 PMCID: PMC7475261 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Storage of meristematic tissue at ultra-low temperatures offers a mean to maintain valuable genetic resources from vegetatively reproduced plants. To reveal the biology underlying cryo-stress, shoot tips of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana were subjected to a standard preservation procedure. A transcriptomic approach was taken to describe the subsequent cellular events which occurred. The cryoprotectant treatment induced the changes in the transcript levels of genes associated with RNA processing and primary metabolism. Explants of a mutant lacking a functional copy of the transcription factor WRKY22 were compromised for recovery. A number of putative downstream targets of WRKY22 were identified, some related to phytohormone-mediated defense, to the osmotic stress response, and to development. There were also alterations in the abundance of transcript produced by genes encoding photosynthesis-related proteins. The wrky22 mutant plants developed an open stomata phenotype in response to their exposure to the cryoprotectant solution. WRKY22 probably regulates a transcriptional network during cryo-stress, linking the explant's defense and osmotic stress responses to changes in its primary metabolism. A model is proposed linking WRKY53 and WRKY70 downstream of the action of WRKY22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Stock
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
| | - Andrea Bräutigam
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
| | - Michael Melzer
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
| | - Boyke Bunk
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manuela Nagel
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
| | - Jörg Overmann
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
- Microbiology, Braunschweig University of Technology, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - E R Joachim Keller
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, Seeland, Germany
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Genome-wide identification and biochemical characterization of calcineurin B-like calcium sensor proteins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biochem J 2020; 477:1879-1892. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is involved in the regulation of diverse biological functions through association with several proteins that enable them to respond to abiotic and biotic stresses. Though Ca2+-dependent signaling has been implicated in the regulation of several physiological processes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Ca2+ sensor proteins are not characterized completely. C. reinhardtii has diverged from land plants lineage, but shares many common genes with animals, particularly those encoding proteins of the eukaryotic flagellum (or cilium) along with the basal body. Calcineurin, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase, is an important effector of Ca2+ signaling in animals, while calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) play an important role in Ca2+ sensing and signaling in plants. The present study led to the identification of 13 novel CBL-like Ca2+ sensors in C. reinhardtii genome. One of the archetypical genes of the newly identified candidate, CrCBL-like1 was characterized. The ability of CrCBL-like1 protein to sense as well as bind Ca2+ were validated using two-step Ca2+-binding kinetics. The CrCBL-like1 protein localized around the plasma membrane, basal bodies and in flagella, and interacted with voltage-gated Ca2+ channel protein present abundantly in the flagella, indicating its involvement in the regulation of the Ca2+ concentration for flagellar movement. The CrCBL-like1 transcript and protein expression were also found to respond to abiotic stresses, suggesting its involvement in diverse physiological processes. Thus, the present study identifies novel Ca2+ sensors and sheds light on key players involved in Ca2+signaling in C. reinhardtii, which could further be extrapolated to understand the evolution of Ca2+ mediated signaling in other eukaryotes.
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He X, Guo S, Wang Y, Wang L, Shu S, Sun J. Systematic identification and analysis of heat-stress-responsive lncRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs with associated co-expression and ceRNA networks in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:736-754. [PMID: 31125116 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and are mutually regulated by competition for binding to common microRNA response elements (MREs). However, a comprehensive identification and analysis of lncRNAs and circRNAs as ceRNAs have not yet been completed in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) exposed to high-temperature stress. In our study, 32 663 coding transcripts, 2085 lncRNAs, 2477 circRNAs and 348 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using RNA sequencing. In addition, six heat-stress-responsive miRNAs (five known and one novel miRNAs) and eight lncRNAs were selected for qPCR to confirm their expression profiles. By analyzing the cis effects of lncRNAs, we constructed a lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Based on the results, the corresponding lncRNAs play a regulatory role in the stress response in cucumber plants. In our study, the PatMatch software was used to predict the potential function of lncRNAs and circRNAs as ceRNAs. A total of 18 lncRNAs and seven circRNAs were predicted to bind to 114 differentially expressed miRNAs and compete with 359 mRNAs for miRNA binding sites. These mRNAs are predicted to be involved in various pathways, such as plant hormone signal transduction, plant-pathogen interaction and glutathione metabolism. Among them, TCONS_00031790, TCONS_00014332, TCONS_00014717, TCONS_00005674, novel_circ_001543 and novel_circ_000876 may interact with miR9748 by plant hormone signal transduction pathways in response to high-temperature stress. Moreover, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) levels decreased in the high-temperature treatment group, indicating that IAA and ethylene signaling might be involved in response to high-temperature stress. In this study, we conducted a full transcriptomic analysis in response to high-temperature stress in cucumber and, for the first time, integrated the potential ceRNA functions of lncRNAs/circRNAs. The results provide a basis for studying the potential functions of lncRNAs/circRNAs in response to high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying He
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shirong Guo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sheng Shu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jin Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Nanjing Agricultural University (Suqian) Academy of Protected Horticulture, Suqian, 223800, China
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Postiglione AE, Muday GK. The Role of ROS Homeostasis in ABA-Induced Guard Cell Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:968. [PMID: 32695131 PMCID: PMC7338657 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The hormonal and environmental regulation of stomatal aperture is mediated by a complex signaling pathway found within the guard cells that surround stomata. Abscisic acid (ABA) induces stomatal closure in response to drought stress by binding to its guard cell localized receptor, initiating a signaling cascade that includes synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Genetic evidence in Arabidopsis indicates that ROS produced by plasma membrane respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) enzymes RBOHD and RBOHF modulate guard cell signaling and stomatal closure. However, ABA-induced ROS accumulates in many locations such as the cytoplasm, chloroplasts, nucleus, and endomembranes, some of which do not coincide with plasma membrane localized RBOHs. ABA-induced guard cell ROS accumulation has distinct spatial and temporal patterns that drive stomatal closure. Productive ROS signaling requires both rapid increases in ROS, as well as the ability of cells to prevent ROS from reaching damaging levels through synthesis of antioxidants, including flavonols. The relationship between locations of ROS accumulation and ABA signaling and the role of enzymatic and small molecule ROS scavengers in maintaining ROS homeostasis in guard cells are summarized in this review. Understanding the mechanisms of ROS production and homeostasis and the role of ROS in guard cell signaling can provide a better understanding of plant response to stress and could provide an avenue for the development of crop plants with increased stress tolerance.
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40
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Ma Q, Zhou Q, Chen C, Cui Q, Zhao Y, Wang K, Arkorful E, Chen X, Sun K, Li X. Isolation and expression analysis of CsCML genes in response to abiotic stresses in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). Sci Rep 2019; 9:8211. [PMID: 31160625 PMCID: PMC6547691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are a class of important Ca2+ sensors in plants, which play vital roles in regulating plant growth and development and response to abiotic stress. Tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) is the most popular non-alcoholic economic beverage crop around the world. However, the potential functions of CMLs in either tea plants growth or in the response to environmental stresses are still unclear. In the present study, five CsCML genes (CsCML16, CsCML18-1, CsCML18-2, CsCML38, and CsCML42) were isolated from tea plant, and functionally characterized. The CsCML genes showed diverse expression patterns in leaves, roots, old stems, immature stems and flowers of tea plants. To investigate the expression changes of the genes under various abiotic stresses and ABA treatment, time-course experiments were also performed, the results indicated that the expression levels of CsCML16, 18-2 and 42 were significantly induced under low temperature and salt condition, while CsCML38 was induced distinctly under drought stress and ABA treatment. Overall, CsCML genes showed diverse function in tea plant under various stimuli. These results will increase our knowledge of the significance of CsCML genes in tea plant in response to abiotic stresses and hormone treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiongqiong Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Canmei Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qiaoyun Cui
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Emmanuel Arkorful
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Tea Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang avenue, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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41
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Li C, Meng D, Zhang J, Cheng L. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of calmodulin and calmodulin-like genes in apple (Malus × domestica). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:600-612. [PMID: 31030028 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels in response to developmental processes or external stimuli serve as signals in eukaryotic cells. These Ca2+ signals are likely perceived through sensor proteins that bind Ca2+ by EF-hand (a helix-loop-helix structure) motif. Calmodulins (CaMs), a group of well-characterized Ca2+ sensors, and calmodulin-like (CMLs) are implicated in a large number of diverse cellular processes, including plant development and stress responses. In this study, apple (Malus × domestica) genes encoding CaM and CML proteins that only possess EF-hand motifs with no other functional domains were analyzed. A total of 4 MdCaM and 58 MdCML genes were identified, which are spread among 16 out of the 17 apple chromosomes. Bioinformatics analyses, including protein characteristics, conserved domain, evolutionary relationships and chromosomal locations, demonstrated the conservation and divergence of MdCaMs/CMLs. In addition, expression analysis showed that MdCaMs/CMLs are expressed in more than one tissue, including shoot tips, roots, mature leaves, flowers and fruit. Furthermore, the expression of some MdCaM/CML members responded to plant hormones (abscisic acid, jasmonic acid) and salt stress, suggesting a potential role of these genes in responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Overexpression of stress-induced MdCML3 gene significantly improved the tolerance of apple calli to salinity and ABA. The identification and characterization of MdCaMs/CMLs in apple lays a foundation for future functional studies of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Li
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Dong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding By Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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42
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Kalaipandian S, Xue GP, Rae AL, Glassop D, Bonnett GD, McIntyre LC. Overexpression of TaCML20, a calmodulin-like gene, enhances water soluble carbohydrate accumulation and yield in wheat. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:790-799. [PMID: 29900558 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) is a universal messenger that mediates intracellular responses to extracellular stimuli in living organisms. Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are the important Ca2+ sensors in plants that decode Ca2+ -signatures to execute downstream intracellular level responses. Several studies indicate the interlinking of Ca2+ and sugar signaling in plants; however, no genes have been functionally characterized to provide molecular evidence. Our study found that expression of TaCML20 was significantly correlated with water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations in recombinant inbred lines in wheat. TaCML20 has four EF-hand motifs that may facilitate the binding of Ca2+ . To explore the role of CML20, we generated TaCML20 overexpressing transgenic lines in wheat. These lines accumulated higher WSC concentrations in the shoots, and we also found a significantly increased transcript level of sucrose:sucrose-1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST) in the internodes compared with the control plants. In addition, TaCML20 overexpressing plants showed significantly increased tillers per plant and also increased about 19% of grain weight per plant compared with control plants. The results also suggested a role for TaCML20 in drought stress, as its transcripts significantly increased in the shoots of wild-type plants under water deficit. These results uncovered the role of CML20 in determining multiple traits in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gang-Ping Xue
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Anne L Rae
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Donna Glassop
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Graham D Bonnett
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
| | - Lynne C McIntyre
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia
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43
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Wang X, Hao L, Zhu B, Jiang Z. Plant Calcium Signaling in Response to Potassium Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3456. [PMID: 30400321 PMCID: PMC6275041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K⁺) is an essential macronutrient of living cells and is the most abundant cation in the cytosol. K⁺ plays a role in several physiological processes that support plant growth and development. However, soil K⁺ availability is very low and variable, which leads to severe reductions in plant growth and yield. Various K⁺ shortage-activated signaling cascades exist. Among these, calcium signaling is the most important signaling system within plant cells. This review is focused on the possible roles of calcium signaling in plant responses to low-K⁺ stress. In plants, intracellular calcium levels are first altered in response to K⁺ deficiency, resulting in calcium signatures that exhibit temporal and spatial features. In addition, calcium channels located within the root epidermis and root hair zone can then be activated by hyperpolarization of plasma membrane (PM) in response to low-K⁺ stress. Afterward, calcium sensors, including calmodulin (CaM), CaM-like protein (CML), calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), and calcineurin B-like protein (CBL), can act in the sensing of K⁺ deprivation. In particular, the important components regarding CBL/CBL-interacting protein kinase (CBL/CIPK) complexes-involved in plant responses to K⁺ deficiency are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Ling Hao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Biping Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhonghao Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-environmental Science, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Marine Algal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Lorrai R, Gandolfi F, Boccaccini A, Ruta V, Possenti M, Tramontano A, Costantino P, Lepore R, Vittorioso P. Genome-wide RNA-seq analysis indicates that the DAG1 transcription factor promotes hypocotyl elongation acting on ABA, ethylene and auxin signaling. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15895. [PMID: 30367178 PMCID: PMC6203721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypocotyl elongation is influenced by light and hormones, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are not yet fully elucidated. We had previously suggested that the Arabidopsis DOF transcription factor DAG1 may be a negative component of the mechanism of light-mediated inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, as light-grown dag1 knock-out mutant seedlings show significant shorter hypocotyls than the wild type. By using high-throughput RNA-seq, we compared the transcriptome profile of dag1 and wild type hypocotyls and seedlings. We identified more than 250 genes differentially expressed in dag1 hypocotyls, and their analysis suggests that DAG1 is involved in the promotion of hypocotyl elongation through the control of ABA, ethylene and auxin signaling. Consistently, ChIP-qPCR results show that DAG1 directly binds to the promoters of WRKY18 encoding a transcription factor involved in ABA signaling, of the ethylene- induced gene ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF2), and of the SMALL AUXIN UP RNA 67 (SAUR67), an auxin-responding gene encoding a protein promoting hypocotyl cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Lorrai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Francesco Gandolfi
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy.,CIBIO (Centre for Integrative Biology), Universita' di Trento, 38123, Povo, (TN), Italy
| | - Alessandra Boccaccini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Ruta
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Marco Possenti
- Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Rome, 00178, Italy
| | - Anna Tramontano
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Paolo Costantino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Rosalba Lepore
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy. .,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Paola Vittorioso
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, 00185, Italy.
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45
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Yang J, Wu C, Yu Y, Mao H, Bao Y, Kang Y, Qi Z. A mongolian pine specific endoplasmic reticulum localized CALMODULIN-LIKE calcium binding protein enhances arabidopsis growth. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 226:1-11. [PMID: 29689429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stress-adapted wild plants are natural sources of novel genes for molecular breeding. Here, we conducted a transcriptional analysis of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv, an evergreen pine in northeastern China, to identify a novel CALMODULIN-LIKE protein-encoding gene, PsCML1, no significant homologs found in other plant species. PsCML1 encodes a protein predicted to have a single trans-membrane domain at its N-terminal. Four EF-hand motifs (calcium [Ca]-binding structures) are located at its C-terminal and showed Ca2+-specific affinity in isothermal titration calorimetric analysis. Transient expression of PsCML1 in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that the PsCML1 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Heterologous expression of PsCML1 in Arabidopsis significantly promoted seedling growth, and increased resistance to stress from NaCl and Ca2+ deficiency. The roots of the transgenic seedlings had higher contents of cellulose and pectin, but less hemicellulose than those of the wild type (WT). The biosynthesis of cell wall components is linked with protein glycosylation in the ER and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. No significant difference was found in the extent of protein glycosylation between the transgenic and WT plants. However, the transgenic roots had higher steady-state levels of ROS, NADPH oxidase activity, and endo-membrane dynamics than those of the WT. A working model was proposed to delineate the interaction among Ca2+, ROS homeostasis, and cell wall loosening-dependent cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China; Inner Mongolia HeSheng Institute of Ecological Sciences & Technology, Hohhot, 011517, PR China
| | - Caili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Yahui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Huiping Mao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Yuying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China.
| | - Yan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China.
| | - Zhi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China.
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46
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La Verde V, Dominici P, Astegno A. Towards Understanding Plant Calcium Signaling through Calmodulin-Like Proteins: A Biochemical and Structural Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1331. [PMID: 29710867 PMCID: PMC5983762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a key role in a wide variety of environmental responses and developmental processes in plants, and several protein families with Ca2+-binding domains have evolved to meet these needs, including calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs). These proteins have no catalytic activity, but rather act as sensor relays that regulate downstream targets. While CaM is well-studied, CMLs remain poorly characterized at both the structural and functional levels, even if they are the largest class of Ca2+ sensors in plants. The major structural theme in CMLs consists of EF-hands, and variations in these domains are predicted to significantly contribute to the functional versatility of CMLs. Herein, we focus on recent advances in understanding the features of CMLs from biochemical and structural points of view. The analysis of the metal binding and structural properties of CMLs can provide valuable insight into how such a vast array of CML proteins can coexist, with no apparent functional redundancy, and how these proteins contribute to cellular signaling while maintaining properties that are distinct from CaM and other Ca2+ sensors. An overview of the principal techniques used to study the biochemical properties of these interesting Ca2+ sensors is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina La Verde
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Paola Dominici
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Astegno
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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47
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Watkins JM, Chapman JM, Muday GK. Abscisic Acid-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Are Modulated by Flavonols to Control Stomata Aperture. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 175:1807-1825. [PMID: 29051198 PMCID: PMC5717730 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells to close Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) stomata. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), we find that ABA-increased ROS is followed by stomatal closure and that both responses are blocked by inhibitors of ROS-producing respiratory burst oxidase enzymes. ABA-induced ROS sensor fluorescence accumulates in the nucleus, chloroplasts, and endomembranes. The accumulation of flavonol antioxidants in guard cells, but not surrounding pavement cells, was visualized by confocal microscopy using a flavonol-specific fluorescent dye. Decreased flavonols in guard cells in the anthocyanin reduced (are) mutant and elevated levels in the anthocyanin without (aw) mutant were quantified by confocal microscopy and in leaf extracts by mass spectrometry. Consistent with flavonols acting as antioxidants, higher levels of ROS were detected in guard cells of the tomato are mutant and lower levels were detected in aw both at homeostasis and after treatment with ABA. These results demonstrate the inverse relationship between flavonols and ROS. Guard cells of are show greater ABA-induced closure than the wild type, reduced light-dependent guard cell opening, and reduced water loss, with aw having opposite responses. Ethylene treatment of wild-type tomato plants increased flavonol accumulation in guard cells; however, no flavonol increases were observed in Neverripe (Nr), an ethylene receptor mutant. Consistent with lower levels of ROS due to elevated flavonols, ethylene treatments decreased ABA-induced stomatal closure in the wild type, but not Nr, with ethylene responses attenuated in the are mutant. Together, these results are consistent with flavonols dampening the ABA-dependent ROS burst that drives stomatal closure and facilitating stomatal opening to modulate leaf gas exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Watkins
- Wake Forest University, Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Signaling, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109
| | - Jordan M Chapman
- Wake Forest University, Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Signaling, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Wake Forest University, Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Signaling, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109
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48
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Li LQ, Zou X, Deng MS, Peng J, Huang XL, Lu X, Fang CC, Wang XY. Comparative Morphology, Transcription, and Proteomics Study Revealing the Key Molecular Mechanism of Camphor on the Potato Tuber Sprouting Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112280. [PMID: 29084178 PMCID: PMC5713250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprouting regulation in potato tubers is important for improving commercial value and producing new plants. Camphor shows flexible inhibition of tuber sprouting and prolongs the storage period of potato, but its underlying mechanism remains unknown. The results of the present study suggest that camphor inhibition caused bud growth deformities and necrosis, but after moving to more ventilated conditions, new sprouts grew from the bud eye of the tuber. Subsequently, the sucrose and fructose contents as well as polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity were assessed after camphor inhibition. Transcription and proteomics data from dormancy (D), sprouting (S), camphor inhibition (C), and recovery sprouting (R) samples showed changes in the expression levels of approximately 4000 transcripts, and 700 proteins showed different abundances. KEGG (Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes) pathway analysis of the transcription levels indicated that phytohormone synthesis and signal transduction play important roles in tuber sprouting. Camphor inhibited these processes, particularly for gibberellic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, leading to dysregulation of physiological processes such as cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism, resulting in bud necrosis and prolonged storage periods. The KEGG pathway correlation between transcripts and proteins revealed that terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and plant-pathogen interaction pathways showed significant differences in D vs. S samples, but 13 pathways were remarkably different in the D vs. C groups, as camphor inhibition significantly increased both the transcription levels and protein abundance of pathogenesis-related protein PR-10a (or STH-2), the pathogenesis-related P2-like precursor protein, and the kirola-like protein as compared to sprouting. In recovery sprouting, these genes and proteins were decreased at both the transcriptional level and in protein abundance. It was important to find that the inhibitory effect of camphor on potato tuber sprout was reversible, revealing the action mechanism was similar to resistance to pathogen infection. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the application of camphor in prolonging seed potato storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xue Zou
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang 621023, China.
| | - Meng-Sheng Deng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Jie Peng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xue-Li Huang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xue Lu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Chen-Cheng Fang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xi-Yao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Li Y, Meng J, Yang S, Guo F, Zhang J, Geng Y, Cui L, Wan S, Li X. Transcriptome Analysis of Calcium- and Hormone-Related Gene Expressions during Different Stages of Peanut Pod Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1241. [PMID: 28769950 PMCID: PMC5510571 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Peanut is one of the calciphilous plants. Calcium serves as a ubiquitous central hub in a large number of signaling pathways. In the field, free calcium ion (Ca2+)-deficient soil can result in unfilled pods. Four pod stages were analyzed to determine the relationship between Ca2+ excretion and pod development. Peanut shells showed Ca2+ excretion at all four stages; however, both the embryo of Stage 4 (S4) and the red skin of Stage 3 (S3) showed Ca2+ absorbance. These results showed that embryo and red skin of peanut need Ca2+ during development. In order to survey the relationship among calcium, hormone and seed development from gene perspective, we further analyzed the seed transcriptome at Stage 2 (S2), S3, and S4. About 70 million high quality clean reads were generated, which were assembled into 58,147 unigenes. By comparing these three stages, total 4,457 differentially expressed genes were identified. In these genes, 53 Ca2+ related genes, 40 auxin related genes, 15 gibberellin genes, 20 ethylene related genes, 2 abscisic acid related genes, and 7 cytokinin related genes were identified. Additionally, a part of them were validated by qRT-PCR. Most of their expressions changed during the pod development. Since some reports showed that Ca2+ signal transduction pathway is involved in hormone regulation pathway, these results implied that peanut seed development might be regulated by the collaboration of Ca2+ signal transduction pathway and hormone regulation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Jialei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Yun Geng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Li Cui
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Shubo Wan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Xinguo Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
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