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Farhan M. The Promising Role of Polyphenols in Skin Disorders. Molecules 2024; 29:865. [PMID: 38398617 PMCID: PMC10893284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The biochemical characteristics of polyphenols contribute to their numerous advantageous impacts on human health. The existing research suggests that plant phenolics, whether consumed orally or applied directly to the skin, can be beneficial in alleviating symptoms and avoiding the development of many skin disorders. Phenolic compounds, which are both harmless and naturally present, exhibit significant potential in terms of counteracting the effects of skin damage, aging, diseases, wounds, and burns. Moreover, polyphenols play a preventive role and possess the ability to delay the progression of several skin disorders, ranging from small and discomforting to severe and potentially life-threatening ones. This article provides a concise overview of recent research on the potential therapeutic application of polyphenols for skin conditions. It specifically highlights studies that have investigated clinical trials and the use of polyphenol-based nanoformulations for the treatment of different skin ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Medovic RH, Srejovic IM, Medovic MV, Milosavljevic IM, Nikolic MR, Stojanovic AZ, Kuzmanovic MB, Djurdjevic PM, Bolevich SB, Fisenko VP, Jakovljevic VL, Igrutinovic ZR. Variations of Redox Balance in Different Stages of Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:1129-1139. [PMID: 37604187 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few previous studies indicated the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), but there are little data regarding changes in redox balance in different forms of the disease, and changes after therapeutic procedures. We aimed to investigate the values of pro-oxidants and antioxidative capacity in various forms of ITP before and after the applying therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research included 102 children, classified into the following groups: (1) newly diagnosed ITP (ndITP), (2) persistent ITP, (3) chronic ITP (chITP), and (4) control groups: (A) healthy control and (B) previously experienced ITP-healthy children who had been suffering from ITP earlier. During the clinical assessment, a blood sample was taken from the patients, from which the value of pro-oxidants (index of lipid peroxidation measured as TBARS, nitrites [NO2 -], as measurement of nitric oxide [NO] production, superoxide anion radical [O2 -], and hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) and the capacity of antioxidant protection (activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and quantity of reduced glutathione) were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that values of pro-oxidants, especially reflected through the TBARS and O2 -, were the highest in the ndITP and exacerbated chITP groups. Also, the activity of the endogenous antioxidative defense system was the lowest in these groups. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in the ndITP group exerted the most prominent effect on the redox balance. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that severity and exacerbation of the ITP are closely related to the redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa H Medovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan M Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marija V Medovic
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Isidora M Milosavljevic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina R Nikolic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Z Stojanovic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milos B Kuzmanovic
- Mother and Child Health Institute of Serbia "Dr Vukan Cupic", Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag M Djurdjevic
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Internal medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey B Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Moscow, Russia Federation
| | - Vladimir P Fisenko
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Lj Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Moscow, Russia Federation
| | - Zoran R Igrutinovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Di Salvo E, Gangemi S, Genovese C, Cicero N, Casciaro M. Polyphenols from Mediterranean Plants: Biological Activities for Skin Photoprotection in Atopic Dermatitis, Psoriasis, and Chronic Urticaria. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3579. [PMID: 37896042 PMCID: PMC10609915 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a diverse class of natural compounds that are widely distributed in various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. They possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and bring benefits in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Studies suggested that polyphenols may improve cardiovascular health and may have neuroprotective effects. The Mediterranean region is a vast area. Although the territory encompasses a wide variety of cultures and dietary patterns, there are some commonalities in terms of the plant-based foods and their polyphenol content. Such polyphenols have been studied for their potential photoprotective effects on the skin. We focused on nutraceutical effects of Mediterranean plants in skin photoprotection in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and chronic urticaria. Results highlight the importance of exploring natural compounds for therapeutic purposes. The wide variety of polyphenols found in different foods and plants allows for a diverse range of pharmacological effects. The Mediterranean diet, rich in polyphenol-containing foods, is associated with a lower incidence of various chronic diseases, including dermatological conditions. While more research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and optimal dosing of polyphenols, there is initial evidence to support their potential use as adjunctive therapy for atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and chronic urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Di Salvo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Claudia Genovese
- National Research Council, Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, Via Empedocle 58, 95128 Catania, Italy;
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Science4Life, Spin Off Company, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (S.G.); (M.C.)
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4
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Ernst LM, Mondragón L, Ramis J, Gustà MF, Yudina T, Casals E, Bastús NG, Fernández-Varo G, Casals G, Jiménez W, Puntes V. Exploring the Long-Term Tissue Accumulation and Excretion of 3 nm Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles after Single Dose Administration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030765. [PMID: 36979013 PMCID: PMC10045098 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) pharmacokinetics significantly differ from traditional small molecule principles. From this emerges the need to create new tools and concepts to harness their full potential and avoid unnecessary risks. Nanoparticle pharmacokinetics strongly depend on size, shape, surface functionalisation, and aggregation state, influencing their biodistribution, accumulation, transformations, and excretion profile, and hence their efficacy and safety. Today, while NP biodistribution and nanoceria biodistribution have been studied often at short times, their long-term accumulation and excretion have rarely been studied. In this work, 3 nm nanoceria at 5.7 mg/kg of body weight was intravenously administrated in a single dose to healthy mice. Biodistribution was measured in the liver, spleen, kidney, lung, brain, lymph nodes, ovary, bone marrow, urine, and faeces at different time points (1, 9, 30, and 100 days). Biodistribution and urinary and faecal excretion were also studied in rats placed in metabolic cages at shorter times. The similarity of results of different NPs in different models is shown as the heterogeneous nanoceria distribution in organs. After the expectable accumulation in the liver and spleen, the concentration of cerium decays exponentially, accounting for about a 50% excretion of cerium from the body in 100 days. Cerium ions, coming from NP dissolution, are most likely excreted via the urinary tract, and ceria nanoparticles accumulated in the liver are most likely excreted via the hepatobiliary route. In addition, nanoceria looks safe and does not damage the target organs. No weight loss or apathy was observed during the course of the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena M Ernst
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Mondragón
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Joana Ramis
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Muriel F Gustà
- Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tetyana Yudina
- Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eudald Casals
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Neus G Bastús
- Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Varo
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregori Casals
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Fundamental Care and Medical-Surgical Nursing, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Service of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Clinic, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Puntes
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (ICN2), CSIC, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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Patil S, Mustaq S, Hosmani J, Khan ZA, Yadalam PK, Ahmed ZH, Bhandi S, Awan KH. Advancement in therapeutic strategies for immune-mediated oral diseases. Dis Mon 2023; 69:101352. [PMID: 35339251 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-mediated diseases are a diverse group of conditions characterized by alteration of cellular homeostasis and inflammation triggered by dysregulation of the normal immune response. Several immune-mediated diseases exhibit oral signs and symptoms. Traditionally, these conditions are treated with corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents, including azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and thalidomide. Recent research into the developmental pathways of these diseases has led to the exploration of novel approaches in treatment. This review examines newer treatment modalities for the management of immune-mediated diseases with oral presentations. Topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus have been employed successfully in managing oral lichen planus and pemphigus vulgaris. Biologic agents, comprising monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, and recombinant cytokines, can provide targeted therapy with fewer adverse effects. Neutraceutical agents comprising aloe vera, curcumin, and honey are commonly used in traditional medicine and offer a holistic approach. They may have a place as adjuvants to current standard therapeutic protocols. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) utilize a specific wavelength of light to achieve desired cellular change. While the use of PDT in immune-mediated diseases is contentious, LLLT has shown positive results. Newer therapeutic modalities involve kinase inhibitors, S1P1 receptor modulators, MSCs, and iRNA providing targeted treatment of specific diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Mustaq
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jagadish Hosmani
- Oral Pathology Division, Department of Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry,King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Ali Khan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077
| | - Zeeshan Heera Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamran Habib Awan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, United States.
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Puri V, Nagpal M, Singh I, Singh M, Dhingra GA, Huanbutta K, Dheer D, Sharma A, Sangnim T. A Comprehensive Review on Nutraceuticals: Therapy Support and Formulation Challenges. Nutrients 2022; 14:4637. [PMID: 36364899 PMCID: PMC9654660 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are the nourishing components (hybrid of nutrition and pharmaceuticals) that are biologically active and possess capability for maintaining optimal health and benefits. These products play a significant role in human health care and its endurance, most importantly for the future therapeutic development. Nutraceuticals have received recognition due to their nutritional benefits along with therapeutic effects and safety profile. Nutraceuticals are globally growing in the field of services such as health care promotion, disease reduction, etc. Various drug nutraceutical interactions have also been elaborated with various examples in this review. Several patents on nutraceuticals in agricultural applications and in various diseases have been stated in the last section of review, which confirms the exponential growth of nutraceuticals' market value. Nutraceuticals have been used not only for nutrition but also as a support therapy for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as to reduce side effects of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Diverse novel nanoformulation approaches tend to overcome challenges involved in formulation development of nutraceuticals. Prior information on various interactions with drugs may help in preventing any deleterious effects of nutraceuticals products. Nanotechnology also leads to the generation of micronized dietary products and other nutraceutical supplements with improved health benefits. In this review article, the latest key findings (clinical studies) on nutraceuticals that show the therapeutic action of nutraceutical's bioactive molecules on various diseases have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Puri
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Inderbir Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Gitika Arora Dhingra
- NCRD’s Sterling Institute of Pharmacy, Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kampanart Huanbutta
- School of Pharmacy, Eastern Asia University, Pathum Thani 12110, Tanyaburi, Thailand
| | - Divya Dheer
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ameya Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanikan Sangnim
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Muang, Thailand
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Liu Z, Wang JJ, Liu Q, Li J, Jiang S, Ma YQ, Dang YM, Cai JP. Urinary 8-oxoGuo as a potential novel evaluation index for patients with nephrotic syndrome. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:691-698. [PMID: 36645407 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2166504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'- deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) are considered biomarkers of oxidative stress, and patients with nephrotic syndrome have been reported to have increased oxidative stress levels. In this study, we aimed to assess the value of 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxodGuo as novel biomarkers to evaluate the severity of nephrotic syndrome. In total, 107 patients with nephrotic syndrome and 116 healthy controls were recruited for this study. The concentrations of urinary 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxodGuo were measured using isotope-labeled liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Urinary creatinine was used to regulate 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxodGuo concentrations. Urinary 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxoGuo/Cr levels in patients with nephrotic syndrome were significantly higher than those in healthy control participants. 8-oxoGuo/Cr showed a positive correlation with the 24 h urinary total protein (UTP) and UTP levels and negative correlations with serum total protein and albumin levels. After treatment, urinary 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxoGuo/Cr levels were significantly lower in the group with a low 24 h-UTP value (<3.5 g/d) than in the high value group. 8-oxoGuo can be used as a feasible and reliable biomarker for the assessment of nephrotic syndrome.HighlightsUrinary 8-oxoGuo level was significantly increased in patients with nephrotic syndrome.Urinary 8-oxoGuo level increased with an increase in plasma protein and a decrease in urine protein.Urinary 8-oxoGuo level decreased with nephrotic syndrome remission when urinary microalbumin showed no significant change.Urinary 8-oxoGuo level can be used as novel biomarkers of nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Qing Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Min Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongcheng, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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8
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Gammeri L, Panzera C, Calapai F, Cicero N, Gangemi S. Asian herbal medicine and chronic urticaria: which are the therapeutic perspectives? Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1917-1934. [PMID: 36094856 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2122055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a pathologic condition marked by the emergence of wheals, angioedema, or both for more than six weeks. The improper activation and degranulation of mast cells is the triggering event, which results in the production of various mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, PAF, chemokines, and cytokines. Antihistamines are currently the most common pharmacological treatment for urticaria, but corticosteroids and monoclonal antibodies can also be employed. Patients who have been taking antihistamines for a long time are often looking for alternatives. Whole plants, portions of plants, or single extracted active compounds are all used in phytomedicine. Plant elements are frequently combined to create formulations that can be utilized to treat a variety of pathological disorders. Anti-inflammatory and/or anti-allergic properties are found in several herbs regularly used in herbal formulations. Antioxidant properties are also present in some of the constituents. Exogenous antioxidants have been shown to improve the progression of autoimmune disorders in numerous studies. The aim of this review is to identify the most common herbs used to treat chronic urticaria, and to characterize their efficacy, mechanisms of action, and risk/benefit ratio in comparison to western treatment, and also to find less often used formulations and assess their therapeutic efficacy, safety profile, and potential for wider use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gammeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Panzera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Calapai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Science and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Science4Life srl, Spin-off Company of the University of Messina Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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9
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Kondo S, Suzuki R, Nakashima Y, Mochizuki K. β-Carotene enhances the expression of inflammation-related genes and histone H3 K9 acetylation, K4 dimethylation, and K36 trimethylation around these genes in juvenile macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 31:101325. [PMID: 35990579 PMCID: PMC9388881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Carotene is converted into vitamin A in the body and can remove reactive oxygen species. However, it is still unclear whether β-carotene alters the expression levels of inflammation-related genes in macrophages and how this is regulated. In the present study, we investigated whether the administration of β-carotene under hyperglycemic conditions altered the expression level of inflammation-related genes and whether any observed differences were associated with changes in histone modifications in juvenile macrophage-like THP-1 cells. THP-1 cells (from a human monocytic leukemia cell line) were cultured in low glucose (5 mM), high glucose (25 mM), or high glucose (25 mM) + β-carotene (5 μM) media for 1 day, and mRNA expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation, and histone modifications were determined by mRNA microarray and qRT-PCR analyses, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, respectively. The expression of inflammation-related genes, such as IL31RA, CD38, and NCF1B, and inflammation-associated signaling pathway genes, such as ITGAL, PRAM1, and CSF3R, were upregulated by β-carotene under high-glucose conditions. Under these conditions, histone H3 lysine 4 (K4) demethylation, H3K36 trimethylation, and H3K9 acetylation around the CD38, NCF1B, and ITGAL genes were higher in β-carotene-treated cells than in untreated cells. Treatment of juvenile macrophage-like THP-1 cells with β-carotene under these high glucose conditions induced the expression of inflammation-related genes, K9 acetylation, and K4 di- and K36 trimethylation of histone H3 around these genes. β-Carotene enhances expression of inflammatory genes in THP-1 cells. β-Carotene enhances histone H3 K9 acetylation around inflammatory genes. β-carotene enhances K4 di- and K36 tri-methylation around inflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnnosuke Kondo
- Department of Integrated Applied Life Science, Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8510, Japan
| | - Rina Suzuki
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakashima
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
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10
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Pandolfo G, Genovese G, Bruno A, Campolo D, Tigano V, Cristani M, Casciaro M, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Advanced glycation end-products and advanced oxidation protein products in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2022; 311:114527. [PMID: 35344686 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia pathophysiology is still not well understood. Genetic factors involving biochemical systems are key players and oxidative stress takes part to the development and worsening of SZ. Oxidative stress led to the permanent production of oxidation products such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). These proteins interact with their receptor amplifying ROS production and pro-inflammatory cytokines sustaining a permanent loop. We tested plasma levels of AGEs and AOPPs in 30 SZ patients. Their levels were statistically higher than controls confirming their involvement in mental disorders. Antioxidant nutraceuticals and a healthy lifestyle could diminish oxidative stress and ameliorate SZ symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Pandolfo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Genovese
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenica Campolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Valeria Tigano
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico "G. Martino", Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Marco Casciaro
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico "G. Martino", Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Policlinico "G. Martino", Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
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11
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Molecular Pathways Involved in the Anti-Cancer Activity of Flavonols: A Focus on Myricetin and Kaempferol. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084411. [PMID: 35457229 PMCID: PMC9026553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have always represented valuable allies in the battle against several illnesses, particularly cancer. In this field, flavonoids are known to modulate a wide panel of mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis, thus rendering them worthy candidates for both cancer prevention and treatment. In particular, it was reported that flavonoids regulate apoptosis, as well as hamper migration and proliferation, crucial events for the progression of cancer. In this review, we collect recent evidence concerning the anti-cancer properties of the flavonols myricetin and kaempferol, discussing their mechanisms of action to give a thorough overview of their noteworthy capabilities, which are comparable to those of their most famous analogue, namely quercetin. On the whole, these flavonols possess great potential, and hence further study is highly advised to allow a proper definition of their pharmaco-toxicological profile and assess their potential use in protocols of chemoprevention and adjuvant therapies.
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12
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Chronic Intestinal Disorders in Humans and Pets: Current Management and the Potential of Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Alternatives. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070812. [PMID: 35405802 PMCID: PMC8996831 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic disorders of the intestinal tract (CID) are characterized by signs of inflammation of the intestine for a period of at least three weeks. Both humans and pets can be affected by these disorders. Different therapeutic approaches can be selected to treat patients and the use of natural products has been increased in the last decade, since oxidative stress plays a key role in the progression of the chronic intestinal disorders. In this review, the antioxidant proprieties of several natural products with potential for treatment of CID in human and veterinary medicine are highlighted. Unfortunately, few clinical trials report the use of these products for treating CID in humans and none in animals. Abstract Chronic intestinal disorders (CID) are characterized by persistent, or recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) signs present for at least three weeks. In human medicine, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic GI diseases and includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). On the other hand, the general term chronic enteropathies (CE) is preferred in veterinary medicine. Different therapeutic approaches to these diseases are used in both humans and pets. This review is focused on the use of traditional therapies and nutraceuticals with specific antioxidant properties, for the treatment of CID in humans and animal patients. There is strong evidence of the antioxidant properties of the nutraceuticals included in this review, but few studies report their use for treating CID in humans and none in animals. Despite this fact, the majority of the nutraceuticals described in the present article could be considered as promising alternatives for the regular treatment of CID in human and veterinary medicine.
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13
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Darwish AMG, Allam MG, Shokery ES, Ayad EHE. Functional products fortified with probiotic LAB isolated from Egyptian dairy sources showed hypolipidemic effects in Albino rats. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263241. [PMID: 35235577 PMCID: PMC8890634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological food industry has increased economic importance of new Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) with functional aspects such as health promoting and enhanced sensorial traits. The objectives of the present study were the isolation and genotypic characterization (16S rRNA) of new LAB isolates from Egyptian Laban Rayeb, Zabady and mothers' breast milk as potential probiotics. Strains were in vitro and in vivo evaluated for their safety and probiotic health promoting traits in Albino rats then applied into two types of functional dairy products. Three strains Streptococcus thermophilus MH422542, Enterococcus faecium MH422543 and Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis MH422545, were selected from a pool of 82 strains. St. thermophilus showed proteolytic activity and production of Exopolysaccharides (EPS). When evaluated in animal models; the strains showed hypolipidemic effects especially E. faecium that reduced atherogenic indices up to 88%. The strains modulated the gut microbiota by reducing Staphylococcus sp. and coliforms with no adverse effects either on blood parameters, antioxidant enzymes, cancer markers or hepatocytes histological examination. Only E. faecium MH422543 showed an immune response by increased white blood cells (WBC) while lymph and platelets values were not affected. The probiotic strains approved their convenience as starter/ adjunct cultures and enhanced organoleptic properties of the fermented dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M. G. Darwish
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa G. Allam
- Food Science Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Enaam S. Shokery
- Dairy Science and Technology Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman H. E. Ayad
- Food Science Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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14
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Abstract
Tannins are an interesting class of polyphenols, characterized, in almost all cases, by a different degree of polymerization, which, inevitably, markedly influences their bioavailability, as well as biochemical and pharmacological activities. They have been used for the process of tanning to transform hides into leather, from which their name derives. For several time, they have not been accurately evaluated, but now researchers have started to unravel their potential, highlighting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities, as well as their involvement in cardiovascular, neuroprotective and in general metabolic diseases prevention. The mechanisms underlying their activity are often complex, but the main targets of their action (such as key enzymes modulation, activation of metabolic pathways and changes in the metabolic fluxes) are highlighted in this review, without losing sight of their toxicity. This aspect still needs further and better-designed study to be thoroughly understood and allow a more conscious use of tannins for human health.
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15
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Oliverio M, Bulotta S, Duarte N. Editorial: Nature Inspired Protective Agents Against Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:859549. [PMID: 35222054 PMCID: PMC8874147 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.859549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Oliverio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- *Correspondence: Manuela Oliverio,
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Noélia Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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16
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Montano L, Maugeri A, Volpe MG, Micali S, Mirone V, Mantovani A, Navarra M, Piscopo M. Mediterranean Diet as a Shield against Male Infertility and Cancer Risk Induced by Environmental Pollutants: A Focus on Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031568. [PMID: 35163492 PMCID: PMC8836239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of environmental factors in influencing health status is well documented. Heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, pesticides, ultrafine particles, produced by human activities put a strain on the body’s entire defense system. Therefore, together with public health measures, evidence-based individual resilience measures are necessary to mitigate cancer risk under environmental stress and to prevent reproductive dysfunction and non-communicable diseases; this is especially relevant for workers occupationally exposed to pollutants and/or populations residing in highly polluted areas. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high intake of fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids, that can promote the elimination of pollutants in tissues and fluids and/or mitigate their effects through different mechanisms. In this review, we collected evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies showing that the impairment of male fertility and gonadal development, as well as cancers of reproductive system, due to the exposure of organic and inorganic pollutants, may be counteracted by flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL), 84124 Salerno, Italy;
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Volpe
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, CNR, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Micali
- Urology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food, Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary public health, Italian National Health Institute, 00161 Roma, Italy;
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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17
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Validation of a food frequency questionnaire for assessing total antioxidant status. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:351-355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Knippenberg A, Robinson GA, Wincup C, Ciurtin C, Jury EC, Kalea AZ. Plant-based dietary changes may improve symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2022; 31:65-76. [PMID: 34978516 PMCID: PMC8793314 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211063795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have reported that patients affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are interested in using diet to treat fatigue, cardiovascular disease and other symptoms. However, to date, there is insufficient information regarding the ways for patients to modify their diet to improve SLE symptoms. We investigated the relationship between the eating patterns of SLE patients and their self-reported disease symptoms and general aspects of health. METHODS A UK-based, online survey was developed, in which patients with SLE were asked about their attitudes and experiences regarding their SLE symptoms and diet. RESULTS The majority (>80%) of respondents that undertook new eating patterns with increased vegetable intake and/or decreased intake of processed food, sugar, gluten, dairy and carbohydrates reported benefiting from their dietary change. Symptom severity ratings after these dietary changes were significantly lower than before (21.3% decrease, p<0.0001). The greatest decreases in symptom severity were provided by low/no dairy (27.1% decrease), low/no processed foods (26.6% decrease) and vegan (26% decrease) eating patterns (p<0.0001). Weight loss, fatigue, joint/muscle pain and mood were the most cited symptoms that improved with dietary change. CONCLUSION SLE patients who changed their eating patterns to incorporate more plant-based foods while limiting processed foods and animal products reported improvements in their disease symptoms. Thus, our findings show promises in using nutrition interventions for the management of SLE symptoms, setting the scene for future clinical trials in this area. Randomised studies are needed to further test whether certain dietary changes are effective for improving specific symptoms of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George A Robinson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Wincup
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anastasia Z Kalea
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
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19
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HMGB-1 in Psoriasis. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010060. [PMID: 35053208 PMCID: PMC8774071 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial pathology linked to systemic inflammation. Enhanced keratinocytes proliferation and a minor maturation state of the cells are typical features. Perivascular T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophilic granulocytes are part of the scenario completed by apoptosis dysregulation. Several proinflammatory mediators, alarmins and growth factors are increased too, both in the skin and the patients’ blood. HMGB1 is important as an alarmin in several inflammatory conditions. Released after cellular damage, HMGB1 acts as a danger signal. Several studies have considered its role in psoriasis pathogenesis. We evaluated its level in psoriasis and the potential of the alarmin blockade through standard therapies, biological treatments and using monoclonal antibodies. PV patients were shown to have significantly increased levels of HMGB1 both in lesional skin and in serum, which were linked, in some cases, to other pro-inflammatory markers and alarmins. In most cases these parameters were correlated with PASI score. Data demonstrated that blocking HMGB1 is effective in ameliorating psoriasis. Focusing on this approach could be valuable in terms of a therapeutic option for counteracting immune-related diseases in a way unthinkable until few years ago.
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20
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Shao T, Verma HK, Pande B, Costanzo V, Ye W, Cai Y, Bhaskar LVKS. Physical Activity and Nutritional Influence on Immune Function: An Important Strategy to Improve Immunity and Health Status. Front Physiol 2021; 12:751374. [PMID: 34690818 PMCID: PMC8531728 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.751374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and nutrition are the essential components of a healthy lifestyle, as they can influence energy balance, promote functional ability of various systems and improve immunity. Infections and their associated symptoms are the common and frequent challenges to human health that are causing severe economic and social consequences around the world. During aging, human immune system undergoes dramatic aging-related changes/dysfunctions known as immunosenescence. Clinically, immunosenescence refers to the gradual deterioration of immune system that increases exposure to infections, and reduces vaccine efficacy. Such phenomenon is linked to impaired immune responses that lead to dysfunction of multiple organs, while lack of physical activity, progressive loss of muscle mass, and concomitant decline in muscle strength facilitate immunosenescence and inflammation. In the present review, we have discussed the role of nutrition and PA, which can boost the immune system alone and synergistically. Evidence suggests that long-term PA is beneficial in improving immune system and preventing various infections. We have further discussed several nutritional strategies for improving the immune system. Unfortunately, the available evidence shows conflicting results. In terms of interaction with food intake, PA does not tend to increase energy intake during a short time course. However, overcoming nutritional deficiencies appears to be the most practical recommendation. Through the balanced nutritious diet intake one can fulfill the bodily requirement of optimal nutrition that significantly impacts the immune system. Supplementation of a single nutrient as food is generally not advisable. Rather incorporating various fruits and vegetables, whole grains, proteins and probiotics may ensure adequate nutrient intake. Therefore, multi-nutrient supplements may benefit people having deficiency in spite of sufficient diet. Along with PA, supplementation of probiotics, bovine colostrum, plant-derived products and functional foods may provide additional benefits in improving the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Shao
- College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Department of Immunopathology, Institute of lungs Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur, India
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Weibing Ye
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yuyan Cai
- Department of Physical Education, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
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21
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Figueira JA, Porto-Figueira P, Berenguer C, Pereira JAM, Câmara JS. Evaluation of the Health-Promoting Properties of Selected Fruits. Molecules 2021; 26:4202. [PMID: 34299476 PMCID: PMC8306905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the health-promoting benefits of different fruits grown in Madeira Island, namely lemon (Citrus limon var. eureka), tangerine (Citrus reticulata var. setubalense), pitanga (Eugenia uniflora var. red), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. gordal) and uva-da-serra, an endemic blueberry (Vaccinium padifolium Sm.), were investigated. The phenolic composition (total phenolics and total flavonoids content) and antioxidant capacity (assessed through ABTS and DPPH assays) were measured revealing a high phenolic potential for all fruits, except tomato, while uva-da-serra is particularly rich in flavonoids. In relation to the antioxidant capacity, the highest values were obtained for pitanga and uva-da-serra extracts. The bioactive potential was also assessed through the ability of the extracts to inhibit digestive enzymes linked to diabetes (α-amylase, α- and β-glucosidases) and hypertension (angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE). The results obtained point to a very high bioactive potential with the selected samples exhibiting very important ACE anti-enzymatic capacities. A statistical analysis of the obtained data reveals a very strong correlation between ABTS and TPC, and a strong contribution of the fruit polyphenols for enzyme inhibition, and thus, presenting high antihypertensive and antidiabetic capacities. Overall, the results obtained clearly show a high bioactive potential of the selected fruits that should be further studied, in terms of specific phenolic composition. Moreover, these results strongly support the valorisation of pitanga seeds usually discarded as a waste, and uva-da-serra, an endemic and wild bush, as potential bioresources of bioactive compounds with impact in human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Figueira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.F.); (P.P.-F.); (C.B.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - Priscilla Porto-Figueira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.F.); (P.P.-F.); (C.B.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - Cristina Berenguer
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.F.); (P.P.-F.); (C.B.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - Jorge A. M. Pereira
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.F.); (P.P.-F.); (C.B.); (J.A.M.P.)
| | - José S. Câmara
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (J.A.F.); (P.P.-F.); (C.B.); (J.A.M.P.)
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e da Engenharia, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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22
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Therapies with Antioxidant Potential in Psoriasis, Vitiligo, and Lichen Planus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071087. [PMID: 34356320 PMCID: PMC8301010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important pathogenetic role in many chronic inflammatory diseases, including those of dermatological interest. In particular, regarding psoriasis, vitiligo, and lichen planus, excess reactive oxygen species and a decline in endogenous antioxidant systems are observed. In this regard, treatments with antioxidant properties could be appropriate therapeutic options. To date, clinical trials in dermatology on these treatments are limited. We reviewed the available studies on the efficacy of antioxidant therapies in psoriasis, vitiligo, and lichen planus. The role of herbal derivatives, vitamins, and trace elements was analyzed. The antioxidant properties of conventional therapies were also evaluated. Data from the literature suggest that antioxidants might be useful, but available studies on this topic are limited, heterogeneous, not completely standardized, and on small populations. Furthermore, in most cases, antioxidants alone are unable to induce significant clinical changes, except perhaps in mild forms, and must be used in conjunction with standard drug treatments to achieve measurable results. Further studies need to be conducted, considering larger populations and using internationally validated scales, in order to compare the results and clinical efficacy.
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23
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Phytochemicals Targeting JAK-STAT Pathways in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from Animal Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092824. [PMID: 34068714 PMCID: PMC8126249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that consists of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Cytokines are thought to be key mediators of inflammation-mediated pathological processes of IBD. These cytokines play a crucial role through the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways. Several small molecules inhibiting JAK have been used in clinical trials, and one of them has been approved for IBD treatment. Many anti-inflammatory phytochemicals have been shown to have potential as new drugs for IBD treatment. This review describes the significance of the JAK–STAT pathway as a current therapeutic target for IBD and discusses the recent findings that phytochemicals can ameliorate disease symptoms by affecting the JAK–STAT pathway in vivo in IBD disease models. Thus, we suggest that phytochemicals modulating JAK–STAT pathways are potential candidates for developing new therapeutic drugs, alternative medicines, and nutraceutical agents for the treatment of IBD.
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Abbate F, Maugeri A, Laurà R, Levanti M, Navarra M, Cirmi S, Germanà A. Zebrafish as a Useful Model to Study Oxidative Stress-Linked Disorders: Focus on Flavonoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050668. [PMID: 33922976 PMCID: PMC8147052 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish is considered one of the most versatile experimental animal models. The transparency of the embryos, the small size, the rapid development and the homology with higher vertebrates have made the zebrafish a valuable model also for drug screening. Its use is closely related for the determination of bioactivity, toxicity and off-target side effects of novel drug candidates, which also allows a thorough evaluation of new targets; thus, it may represent a suitable model for drug screening and the optimization of novel candidates. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds widely present in fruits, vegetables and cereals. Polyphenols are important for both plants and humans, considering their involvement in defense mechanisms, particularly against oxidative stress. They protect plants from biotic and abiotic stressors and prevent or treat oxidative-based human diseases. For these reasons, polyphenols are used as nutraceuticals, functional foods and supplements by the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, the most relevant findings on zebrafish as a useful experimental model to study oxidative stress-linked disorders, focusing on the biological activities of flavonoids, are here summarized and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Abbate
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (M.L.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (F.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Rosaria Laurà
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (M.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Maria Levanti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (M.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Santa Cirmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.A.); (S.C.)
| | - Antonino Germanà
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (M.L.); (A.G.)
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