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Lohitaksha K, Kumari D, Shukla M, Byagari L, Ashireddygari VR, Tammineni P, Reddanna P, Gorla M. Eicosanoid signaling in neuroinflammation associated with Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 976:176694. [PMID: 38821162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative condition affecting a substantial portion of the global population. It is marked by a complex interplay of factors, including the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles within the brain, leading to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Recent studies have underscored the role of free lipids and their derivatives in the initiation and progression of AD. Eicosanoids, metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid (AA), emerge as key players in this scenario. Remarkably, eicosanoids can either promote or inhibit the development of AD, and this multifaceted role is determined by how eicosanoid signaling influences the immune responses within the brain. However, the precise molecular mechanisms dictating the dual role of eicosanoids in AD remain elusive. In this comprehensive review, we explore the intricate involvement of eicosanoids in neuronal function and dysfunction. Furthermore, we assess the therapeutic potential of targeting eicosanoid signaling pathways as a viable strategy for mitigating or halting the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepika Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manas Shukla
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lavanya Byagari
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Prasad Tammineni
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallu Reddanna
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India; Brane Enterprises Private Limited, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Madhavi Gorla
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India.
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Murawska GM, Armando AM, Dennis EA. Lipidomics of phospholipase A 2 reveals exquisite specificity in macrophages. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100571. [PMID: 38795860 PMCID: PMC11254598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) constitutes a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids at their sn-2 fatty acyl position. Our laboratory has demonstrated that PLA2 enzymes regulate membrane remodeling and cell signaling by their specificity toward their phospholipid substrates at the molecular level. Recent in vitro studies show that each type of PLA2, including Group IVA cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), Group V secreted PLA2 (sPLA2), Group VIA calcium independent PLA2 (iPLA2) and Group VIIA lipoprotein-associated PLA2, also known as platelet-activating factor acetyl hydrolase, can discriminate exquisitely between fatty acids at the sn-2 position. Thus, these enzymes regulate the production of diverse PUFA precursors of inflammatory metabolites. We now determined PLA2 specificity in macrophage cells grown in cell culture, where the amounts and localization of the phospholipid substrates play a role in which specific phospholipids are hydrolyzed by each enzyme type. We used PLA2 stereospecific inhibitors in tandem with a novel UPLC-MS/MS-based lipidomics platform to quantify more than a thousand unique phospholipid molecular species demonstrating cPLA2, sPLA2, and iPLA2 activity and specificity toward the phospholipids in living cells. The observed specificity follows the in vitro capability of the enzymes and can reflect the enrichment of certain phospholipid species in specific membrane locations where particular PLA2's associate. For assaying, we target 20:4-PI for cPLA2, 22:6-PG for sPLA2, and 18:2-PC for iPLA2. These new results provide great insight into the physiological role of PLA2 enzymes in cell membrane remodeling and could shed light on how PLA2 enzymes underpin inflammation and other lipid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gosia M Murawska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aaron M Armando
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Mares J, Costa AP, Dartora WJ, Wartchow KM, Lazarian A, Bennett DA, Nuriel T, Menon V, McIntire LBJ. Brain and serum lipidomic profiles implicate Lands cycle acyl chain remodeling association with APOEε4 and mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1419253. [PMID: 38938596 PMCID: PMC11210445 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1419253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction At least one-third of the identified risk alleles from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are involved in lipid metabolism, lipid transport, or direct lipid binding. In fact, a common genetic variant (ε4) in a cholesterol and phospholipid transporter, Apolipoprotein E (APOEε4), is the primary genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. In addition to genetic variants, lipidomic studies have reported severe metabolic dysregulation in human autopsy brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and multiple mouse models of AD. Methods We aimed to identify an overarching metabolic pathway in lipid metabolism by integrating analyses of lipidomics and transcriptomics from the Religious Order Study and Rush Memory Aging Project (ROSMAP) using differential analysis and network correlation analysis. Results Coordinated differences in lipids were found to be dysregulated in association with both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and APOEε4 carriers. Interestingly, these correlations were weakened when adjusting for education. Indeed, the cognitively non-impaired APOEε4 carriers have higher education levels in the ROSMAP cohort, suggesting that this lipid signature may be associated with a resilience phenotype. Network correlation analysis identified multiple differential lipids within a single module that are substrates and products in the Lands Cycle for acyl chain remodeling. In addition, our analyses identified multiple genes in the Lands Cycle acyl chain remodeling pathway, which were associated with cognitive decline independent of amyloid-β (Aβ) load and tau tangle pathologies. Discussion Our studies highlight the critical differences in acyl chain remodeling in brain tissue from APOEε4 carriers and individual non-carriers with MCI. A coordinated lipid profile shift in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex from both APOEε4 carriers and MCI suggests differences in lipid metabolism occur early in disease stage and highlights lipid homeostasis as a tractable target for early disease modifying intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Mares
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ana Paula Costa
- Lipidomics and Biomarker Discovery Lab, Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - William J. Dartora
- Lipidomics and Biomarker Discovery Lab, Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Krista M. Wartchow
- Lipidomics and Biomarker Discovery Lab, Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Artur Lazarian
- Lipidomics and Biomarker Discovery Lab, Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tal Nuriel
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laura Beth J. McIntire
- Lipidomics and Biomarker Discovery Lab, Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Soto-Arriaza M, Cena Ahumada E, Bonardd S, Melendez J. Calcein release from DPPC liposomes by phospholipase A2 activity: Effect of cholesterol and amphipathic copolymers. J Liposome Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38850012 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2361610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the impact of incorporating diblock and triblock amphiphilic copolymers, as well as cholesterol into DPPC liposomes on the release of a model molecule, calcein, mediated by exogenous phospholipase A2 activity. Our findings show that calcein release slows down in the presence of copolymers at low concentration, while at high concentration, the calcein release profile resembles that of the DPPC control. Additionally, calcein release mediated by exogenous PLA2 decreases as the amount of solubilized cholesterol increases, with a maximum between 18 mol% and 20 mol%. At concentrations higher than 24 mol%, no calcein release was observed. Studies conducted on HEK-293 and HeLa cells revealed that DPPC liposomes reduced viability by only 5% and 12%, respectively, after 3 hours of incubation, while DPPC liposome in presence of 33 mol% of Cholesterol reduced viability by approximately 11% and 23%, respectively, during the same incubation period. For formulations containing copolymers at low and high concentrations, cell viability decreased by approximately 20% and 40%, respectively, after 3 hours of incubation. Based on these preliminary results, we can conclude that the presence of amphiphilic copolymers at low concentration can be used in the design of new DPPC liposomes, and together with cholesterol, they can modulate liposome stabilization. The new formulations showed low cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells, and it was observed that calcein release depended entirely on PLA2 activity and the presence of calcium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Soto-Arriaza
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Cena Ahumada
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sebastián Bonardd
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Donostia-San Sebastían, Spain
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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Panneflek TJR, Kuypers KLAM, Polglase GR, Derleth DP, Dekker J, Hooper SB, van den Akker T, Pas ABT. The influence of chorioamnionitis on respiratory drive and spontaneous breathing of premature infants at birth: a narrative review. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:2539-2547. [PMID: 38558311 PMCID: PMC11098929 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Most very premature infants breathe at birth but require respiratory support in order to stimulate and support their breathing. A significant proportion of premature infants are affected by chorioamnionitis, defined as an umbrella term for antenatal inflammation of the foetal membranes and umbilical vessels. Chorioamnionitis produces inflammatory mediators that potentially depress the respiratory drive generated in the brainstem. Such respiratory depression could maintain itself by delaying lung aeration, hampering respiratory support at birth and putting infants at risk of hypoxic injury. This inflammatory-mediated respiratory depression may contribute to an association between chorioamnionitis and increased requirement of neonatal resuscitation in premature infants at birth. This narrative review summarises mechanisms on how respiratory drive and spontaneous breathing could be influenced by chorioamnionitis and provides possible interventions to stimulate spontaneous breathing. Conclusion: Chorioamnionitis could possibly depress respiratory drive and spontaneous breathing in premature infants at birth. Interventions to stimulate spontaneous breathing could therefore be valuable. What is Known: • A large proportion of premature infants are affected by chorioamnionitis, antenatal inflammation of the foetal membranes and umbilical vessels. What is New: • Premature infants affected by chorioamnionitis might be exposed to higher concentrations of respiratory drive inhibitors which could depress breathing at birth. • Premature infants affected by chorioamnionitis seem to be associated with a higher and more extensive requirement of resuscitation at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J R Panneflek
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Kristel L A M Kuypers
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Graeme R Polglase
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Douglas P Derleth
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Janneke Dekker
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Stuart B Hooper
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas van den Akker
- Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan B Te Pas
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands
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Salabi F, Jafari H. Whole transcriptome sequencing reveals the activity of the PLA2 family members in Androctonus crassicauda (Scorpionida: Buthidae) venom gland. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23658. [PMID: 38742809 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400178rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 is the most abundant venom gland enzyme, whose activity leads to the activation of the inflammatory response by accumulating lipid mediators. This study aimed to identify, classify, and investigate the properties of venom PLA2 isoforms. Then, the present findings were confirmed by chemically measuring the activity of PLA2. The sequences representing PLA2 annotation were extracted from the Androctonus crassicauda transcriptome dataset using BLAS searches against the local PLA2 database. We found several cDNA sequences of PLA2 classified and named by conducting multiple searches as platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases, calcium-dependent PLA2s, calcium-independent PLA2s, and secreted PLA2s. The largest and smallest isoforms of these proteins range between approximately 70.34 kDa (iPLA2) and 17.75 kDa (cPLA2). Among sPLA2 isoforms, sPLA2GXIIA and sPLA2G3 with ORF encoding 169 and 299 amino acids are the smallest and largest secreted PLA2, respectively. These results collectively suggested that A. crassicauda venom has PLA2 activity, and the members of this protein family may have important biological roles in lipid metabolism. This study also revealed the interaction between members of PLA2s in the PPI network. The results of this study would greatly help with the classification, evolutionary relationships, and interactions between PLA2 family proteins in the gene network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Salabi
- Department of Venomous Animals and Anti-venom Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hedieh Jafari
- Department of Venomous Animals and Anti-venom Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
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Gao Z, Guo X, Sun Z, Wu S, Wang Q, Huang Q, Bai W, Kou C. Copy number deletion of PLA2G4A affects the susceptibility and clinical phenotypes of schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:55. [PMID: 38816399 PMCID: PMC11139948 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2(PLA2) superfamily is recognized as being involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia by affecting lipid homeostasis in cell membranes. We hypothesized that PLA2 gene copy number variation (CNV) may affect PLA2 enzyme expression and be associated with schizophrenia risk. This study indicated that in the discovery stage, an increased copy number of PLA2G6 and the deletion of PLA2G3, PLA2G4A, PLA2G4F and PLA2G12F was associated with increased risk of schizophrenia. CNV segments involving six PLA2 genes were detected in publicly available datasets, including two deletion segments specific to the PLA2G4A gene. The relationship between the deletion of PLA2G4A and susceptibility to schizophrenia was then reaffirmed in the validation group of 806 individuals. There was a significant correlation between PLA2G4A deletion and the symptoms of poverty of thought in male patients and erotomanic delusion in females. Furthermore, ELISA results demonstrate a significant decrease in peripheral blood cytosolic PLA2(cPLA2) levels in patients with the PLA2G4A deletion genotype compared to those with normal and copy number duplicate genotypes. These data suggest that the functional copy number deletion in the PLA2G4A gene is associated with the risk of schizophrenia and clinical phenotypes by reducing the expression of cPLA2, which may be an indicator of susceptibility to schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinru Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhouyang Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Songyu Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qianlong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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8
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Bernoud-Hubac N, Lo Van A, Lazar AN, Lagarde M. Ischemic Brain Injury: Involvement of Lipids in the Pathophysiology of Stroke and Therapeutic Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:634. [PMID: 38929073 PMCID: PMC11200865 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating neurological disorder that is characterized by the sudden disruption of blood flow to the brain. Lipids are essential components of brain structure and function and play pivotal roles in stroke pathophysiology. Dysregulation of lipid signaling pathways modulates key cellular processes such as apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, exacerbating ischemic brain injury. In the present review, we summarize the roles of lipids in stroke pathology in different models (cell cultures, animal, and human studies). Additionally, the potential of lipids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, to promote neuroprotection and their use as biomarkers in stroke are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Bernoud-Hubac
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LAMCOS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France; (A.L.V.); (A.-N.L.); (M.L.)
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9
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Malavige GN, Ogg GS. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of dengue infections. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:484-498. [PMID: 38582622 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Dengue is the most rapidly emerging climate-sensitive infection, and morbidity/mortality and disease incidence are rising markedly, leading to healthcare systems being overwhelmed. There are currently no specific treatments for dengue or prognostic markers to identify those who will progress to severe disease. Owing to an increase in the burden of illness and a change in epidemiology, many patients experience severe disease. Our limited understanding of the complex mechanisms of disease pathogenesis has significantly hampered the development of safe and effective treatments, vaccines, and biomarkers. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of dengue pathogenesis, the gaps in our knowledge, and recent advances, as well as the most crucial questions to be answered to enable the development of therapeutics, biomarkers, and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka; Medical Research Council (MRC) Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Graham S Ogg
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka; Medical Research Council (MRC) Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Koganesawa M, Dwyer D, Alhallak K, Nagai J, Zaleski K, Samuchiwal S, Hiroaki H, Nishida A, Hirsch TI, Brennan PJ, Puder M, Balestrieri B. Pla2g5 contributes to viral-like-induced lung inflammation through macrophage proliferation and LA/Ffar1 lung cell recruitment. Immunology 2024; 172:144-162. [PMID: 38361249 PMCID: PMC11057362 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages expressing group V phospholipase A2 (Pla2g5) release the free fatty acid (FFA) linoleic acid (LA), potentiating lung type 2 inflammation. Although Pla2g5 and LA increase in viral infections, their role remains obscure. We generated Pla2g5flox/flox mice, deleted Pla2g5 by using the Cx3cr1cre transgene, and activated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BM-Macs) with poly:IC, a synthetic double-stranded RNA that triggers a viral-like immune response, known Pla2g5-dependent stimuli (IL-4, LPS + IFNγ, IL-33 + IL-4 + GM-CSF) and poly:IC + LA followed by lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis. Poly:IC-activated Pla2g5flox/flox;Cx3cr1cre/+ BM-Macs had downregulation of major bioactive lipids and critical enzymes producing those bioactive lipids. In addition, AKT phosphorylation was lower in poly:IC-stimulated Pla2g5flox/flox;Cx3cr1cre/+ BM-Macs, which was not restored by adding LA to poly:IC-stimulated BM-Macs. Consistently, Pla2g5flox/flox;Cx3cr1cre/+ mice had diminished poly:IC-induced lung inflammation, including inflammatory macrophage proliferation, while challenging Pla2g5flox/flox;Cx3cr1cre/+ mice with poly:IC + LA partially restored lung inflammation and inflammatory macrophage proliferation. Finally, mice lacking FFA receptor-1 (Ffar1)-null mice had reduced poly:IC-induced lung cell recruitment and tissue macrophage proliferation, not corrected by LA. Thus, Pla2g5 contributes to poly:IC-induced lung inflammation by regulating inflammatory macrophage proliferation and LA/Ffar1-mediated lung cell recruitment and tissue macrophage proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Koganesawa
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel Dwyer
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kinan Alhallak
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jun Nagai
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kendall Zaleski
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sachin Samuchiwal
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Hayashi Hiroaki
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Airi Nishida
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas I. Hirsch
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Biology Program Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Patrick J. Brennan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mark Puder
- Department of Surgery and Vascular Biology Program Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Barbara Balestrieri
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Vinik Center for Translational Immunology Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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Haeri K, Samiee S, Beigi P, Hajati S, Deyhim MR. A tight interplay between platelet activation and mitochondrial DNA release promotes platelet storage lesion in platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2024; 119:439-446. [PMID: 38385820 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Platelet storage lesion (PSL) adversely affects the quality of platelet concentrates (PCs). Platelets are prone to activation during storage. Moreover, elevated free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in PCs are associated with a higher risk of adverse transfusion reactions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between platelet activation markers and mtDNA release during PC storage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six PCs prepared by the platelet-rich plasma method were assessed for free mtDNA copy number using quantitative real-time PCR and CD62P (P-selectin) expression by flow cytometry on days 0 (PC collection day), 3, 5 and 7 of storage. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, pH, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured as well. The correlation between free mtDNA and other PSL parameters, and the correlation between all parameters, was determined. RESULTS Significant increases in free mtDNA, MPV and PDW, and a significant decrease in platelet count and pH were observed. CD62P expression and LDH activity elevated significantly, particularly on storage days 5-7 and 0-3, respectively. Moreover, a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.61) was observed between free mtDNA and CD62P expression. The r values between free mtDNA and LDH, pH, platelet count, MPV and PDW were 0.81, -0.72, -0.49, 0.81 and 0.77, respectively. CONCLUSION The interplay between platelet activation and mtDNA release in promoting PSL in PCs may serve as a promising target for future research on applying additive solutions and evaluating the quality of PCs to improve transfusion and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamand Haeri
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Shahram Samiee
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Beigi
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Smerdis Hajati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Deyhim
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Lu E, Hara A, Sun S, Hallmark B, Snider JM, Seeds MC, Watkins JC, McCall CE, Zhang HH, Yao G, Chilton FH. Temporal associations of plasma levels of the secreted phospholipase A 2 family and mortality in severe COVID-19. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350721. [PMID: 38651231 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that group IIA-secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) plays a role in and predicts lethal COVID-19 disease. The current study reanalyzed a longitudinal proteomic data set to determine the temporal relationship between levels of several members of a family of sPLA2 isoforms and the severity of COVID-19 in 214 ICU patients. The levels of six secreted PLA2 isoforms, sPLA2-IIA, sPLA2-V, sPLA2-X, sPLA2-IB, sPLA2-IIC, and sPLA2-XVI, increased over the first 7 ICU days in those who succumbed to the disease but attenuated over the same time period in survivors. In contrast, a reversed pattern in sPLA2-IID and sPLA2-XIIB levels over 7 days suggests a protective role of these two isoforms. Furthermore, decision tree models demonstrated that sPLA2-IIA outperformed top-ranked cytokines and chemokines as a predictor of patient outcome. Taken together, proteomic analysis revealed temporal sPLA2 patterns that reflect the critical roles of sPLA2 isoforms in severe COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Aki Hara
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Shudong Sun
- Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Statistics Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Brian Hallmark
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Justin M Snider
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael C Seeds
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph C Watkins
- Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Statistics Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Charles E McCall
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, and Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hao Helen Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Statistics Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Guang Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Floyd H Chilton
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Center for Precision Nutrition and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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13
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Wang LM, Zhang WL, Lyu N, Suo YR, Yang L, Yu B, Jiang XJ. Research Advance of Chinese Medicine in Treating Atherosclerosis: Focus on Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:277-288. [PMID: 38057549 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
As a serious cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis (AS) causes chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the body and poses a threat to human health. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a member of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, and its elevated levels have been shown to contribute to AS. Lp-PLA2 is closely related to a variety of lipoproteins, and its role in promoting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in AS is mainly achieved by hydrolyzing oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC) to produce lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC). Moreover, macrophage apoptosis within plaque is promoted by localized Lp-PLA2 which also promotes plaque instability. This paper reviews those researches of Chinese medicine in treating AS via reducing Lp-PLA2 levels to guide future experimental studies and clinical applications related to AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen-Lan Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Nuan Lyu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan-Rong Suo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xi-Juan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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14
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Qiu C, Xiang YK, Da XB, Zhang HL, Kong XY, Hou NZ, Zhang C, Tian FZ, Yang YL. Phospholipase A2 enzymes PLA2G2A and PLA2G12B as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:289-306. [PMID: 38463362 PMCID: PMC10921223 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i2.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes are pivotal in various biological processes, such as lipid mediator production, membrane remodeling, bioenergetics, and maintaining the body surface barrier. Notably, these enzymes play a significant role in the development of diverse tumors. AIM To systematically and comprehensively explore the expression of the PLA2 family genes and their potential implications in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). METHODS We conducted an analysis of five CCA datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus. The study identified differentially expressed genes between tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues, with a focus on PLA2G2A and PLA2G12B. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was utilized to pinpoint associated pathways. Moreover, relevant hub genes and microRNAs for PLA2G2A and PLA2G12B were predicted, and their correlation with the prognosis of CCA was evaluated. RESULTS PLA2G2A and PLA2G12B were discerned as differentially expressed in CCA, manifesting significant variations in expression levels in urine and serum between CCA patients and healthy individuals. Elevated expression of PLA2G2A was correlated with poorer overall survival in CCA patients. Additionally, the study delineated pathways and miRNAs associated with these genes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PLA2G2A and PLA2G12B may serve as novel potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for CCA. The increased levels of these genes in biological fluids could be employed as non-invasive markers for CCA, and their expression levels are indicative of prognosis, underscoring their potential utility in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yu-Kai Xiang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuan-Bo Da
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Nian-Zong Hou
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fu-Zhou Tian
- General Surgery Center, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Long Yang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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15
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Pitchai A, Buhman K, Shannahan JH. Lipid mediators of inhalation exposure-induced pulmonary toxicity and inflammation. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:57-74. [PMID: 38422051 PMCID: PMC11022128 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2024.2318389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Many inhalation exposures induce pulmonary inflammation contributing to disease progression. Inflammatory processes are actively regulated via mediators including bioactive lipids. Bioactive lipids are potent signaling molecules involved in both pro-inflammatory and resolution processes through receptor interactions. The formation and clearance of lipid signaling mediators are controlled by multiple metabolic enzymes. An imbalance of these lipids can result in exacerbated and sustained inflammatory processes which may result in pulmonary damage and disease. Dysregulation of pulmonary bioactive lipids contribute to inflammation and pulmonary toxicity following exposures. For example, inhalation of cigarette smoke induces activation of pro-inflammatory bioactive lipids such as sphingolipids, and ceramides contributing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Additionally, exposure to silver nanoparticles causes dysregulation of inflammatory resolution lipids. As inflammation is a common consequence resulting from inhaled exposures and a component of numerous diseases it represents a broadly applicable target for therapeutic intervention. With new appreciation for bioactive lipids, technological advances to reliably identify and quantify lipids have occurred. In this review, we will summarize, integrate, and discuss findings from recent studies investigating the impact of inhaled exposures on pro-inflammatory and resolution lipids within the lung and their contribution to disease. Throughout the review current knowledge gaps in our understanding of bioactive lipids and their contribution to pulmonary effects of inhaled exposures will be presented. New methods being employed to detect and quantify disruption of pulmonary lipid levels following inhalation exposures will be highlighted. Lastly, we will describe how lipid dysregulation could potentially be addressed by therapeutic strategies to address inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Pitchai
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Kimberly Buhman
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Jonathan H. Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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16
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Perpiñá-Clérigues C, Mellado S, Galiana-Roselló C, Fernández-Regueras M, Marcos M, García-García F, Pascual M. Novel insight into the lipid network of plasma extracellular vesicles reveal sex-based differences in the lipidomic profile of alcohol use disorder patients. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:10. [PMID: 38273378 PMCID: PMC10809459 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00584-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, with the consumption of alcohol considered a leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide. Lipids play a crucial functional role in cell membranes; however, we know little about the role of lipids in extracellular vesicles (EVs) as regulatory molecules and disease biomarkers. METHODS We employed a sensitive lipidomic strategy to characterize lipid species from the plasma EVs of AUD patients to evaluate functional roles and enzymatic activity networks to improve the knowledge of lipid metabolism after alcohol consumption. We analyzed plasma EV lipids from AUD females and males and healthy individuals to highlight lipids with differential abundance and biologically interpreted lipidomics data using LINEX2, which evaluates enzymatic dysregulation using an enrichment algorithm. RESULTS Our results show, for the first time, that AUD females exhibited more significant substrate-product changes in lysophosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylcholine lipids and phospholipase/acyltransferase activity, which are potentially linked to cancer progression and neuroinflammation. Conversely, AUD males suffer from dysregulated ceramide and sphingomyelin lipids involving sphingomyelinase, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, and sphingomyelin synthase activity, which relates to hepatotoxicity. Notably, the analysis of plasma EVs from AUD females and males demonstrates enrichment of lipid ontology terms associated with "negative intrinsic curvature" and "positive intrinsic curvature", respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our methodological developments support an improved understanding of lipid metabolism and regulatory mechanisms, which contribute to the identification of novel lipid targets and the discovery of sex-specific clinical biomarkers in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Perpiñá-Clérigues
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Mellado
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Galiana-Roselló
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Regueras
- Hospital Universitario de Burgos, 09006, Burgos, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, University of Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco García-García
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Pascual
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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17
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Kishinaka S, Kawashita E, Nishizaki T, Ishihara K, Akiba S. Group IVA Phospholipase A 2 in Collagen-Producing Cells Promotes High-Fat Diet-Induced Infiltration of Inflammatory Cells into the Liver by Upregulating the Expression of MCP-1. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:1058-1065. [PMID: 38825533 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to excessive fat accumulation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a key chemokine that infiltrates inflammatory cells into the liver during the development of NASH. Our previous studies demonstrated that a systemic deficiency of group IVA phospholipase A2 (IVA-PLA2), an enzyme that contributes to the production of lipid inflammatory mediators, protects mice against high-fat diet-induced hepatic fibrosis and markedly suppresses the CCl4-induced expression of MCP-1 in the liver. However, it remains unclear which cell types harboring IVA-PLA2 are involved in the elevated production of MCP-1. Hence, the present study assessed the types of cells responsible for IVA-PLA2-mediated production of MCP-1 using cultured hepatic stellate cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, and hepatocytes, as well as cell-type specific IVA-PLA2 deficient mice fed a high-fat diet. A relatively specific inhibitor of IVA-PLA2 markedly suppressed the expression of MCP-1 mRNA in cultured hepatic stellate cells, but the suppression of MCP-1 expression was partial in endothelial cells and not observed in monocytes/macrophages or hepatocytes. In contrast, a deficiency of IVA-PLA2 in collagen-producing cells (hepatic stellate cells), but not in other types of cells, reduced the high-fat diet-induced expression of MCP-1 and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver. Our results suggest that IVA-PLA2 in hepatic stellate cells is critical for hepatic inflammation in the high-fat diet-induced development of NASH. This supports a potential therapeutic approach for NASH using a IVA-PLA2 inhibitor targeting hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Kishinaka
- Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Eri Kawashita
- Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Taichi Nishizaki
- Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Keiichi Ishihara
- Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Satoshi Akiba
- Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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18
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Sztolsztener K, Dzięcioł J, Chabowski A. N-acetylcysteine acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent altering the eicosanoid profile in the development of simple steatosis and its progression to hepatitis. Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 9:386-395. [PMID: 38774197 PMCID: PMC11103808 DOI: 10.5114/ceh.2023.133106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study We aimed to examine the influence of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in rats with a specific focus on the eicosanoid pathway. Material and methods The experiment was conducted on male Wistar rats fed a standard diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks. In the entire experiment, half of rats from both groups received intragastrically NAC solution prepared in normal saline. H + E staining was used for the histological assessment of liver tissue. The gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) technique was used for the assessment of the activity of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) pathways and arachidonic acid concentration. ELISA and multiplex immunoassay kits were applied for the measurement of eicosanoid, cytokine, and chemokine levels. The Western blot technique was applied to determine the expression of proteins involved in the inflammation pathway. Results NAC decreased hepatic n-6 PUFA activity in all examined lipid pools and decreased the hepatic content of arachidonic acid as a pro-inflammatory precursor in each lipid pool, especially in the phospholipid fraction in rats with fatty lipid disease. NAC administration abolished 5-LOX expression, leading to a decrease in the content of pro-inflammatory leukotriene B4 and leukotriene C4. In rats with steatosis, NAC weakened NF-κB expression and raised Nrf-2 expression, inhibiting the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Conclusions NAC treatment significantly rate-limited the progression of simple hepatic steatosis to hepatitis in a rat model of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janusz Dzięcioł
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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19
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Cheng X, Li X, Yang M, Zheng C, Li H, Qu L, Ning Z. Genome-wide association study exploring the genetic architecture of eggshell speckles in laying hens. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:704. [PMID: 37993775 PMCID: PMC10666442 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eggshell speckle phenotype is an important trait in poultry production because they affect eggshell quality. However, the genetic architecture of speckled eggshells remains unclear. In this study, we determined the heritability of eggshell speckles and conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on purebred Rhode Island Red (RIR) hens at 28 weeks to detect potential genomic loci and candidate genes associated with eggshell speckles. RESULTS The heritability of eggshell speckles was 0.35 at 28 weeks, and the speckle level is not related to other eggshell quality traits in terms of phenotypic correlation. We detected 311 SNPs (6 significantly, and 305 suggestively associated) and 39 candidate genes associated with eggshell speckles. Based on the pathway analysis, the 39 candidate genes were mainly involved in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, GnRH signaling pathway, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and MAPK signaling pathway. Ultimately, ten genes, LOC423226, SPTBN5, EHD4, LOC77155, TYRO3, ITPKA, DLL4, PLA2G4B, PLA2G4EL5, and PLA2G4EL6 were considered the most promising genes associated with eggshell speckles that were implicated in immunoregulation, calcium transport, and phospholipid metabolism, while its function in laying hens requires further studies. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into understanding the genetic basis of eggshell speckles and has practical application value for the genetic improvement of eggshell quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chuanwei Zheng
- Beijing Zhongnongbangyang Layer Breeding Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haiying Li
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Lujiang Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhonghua Ning
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Fellner M, Walsh A, Dela Ahator S, Aftab N, Sutherland B, Tan EW, Bakker AT, Martin NI, van der Stelt M, Lentz CS. Biochemical and Cellular Characterization of the Function of Fluorophosphonate-Binding Hydrolase H (FphH) in Staphylococcus aureus Support a Role in Bacterial Stress Response. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2119-2132. [PMID: 37824340 PMCID: PMC10644348 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of new treatment options for bacterial infections requires access to new targets for antibiotics and antivirulence strategies. Chemoproteomic approaches are powerful tools for profiling and identifying novel druggable target candidates, but their functions often remain uncharacterized. Previously, we used activity-based protein profiling in the opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus to identify active serine hydrolases termed fluorophosphonate-binding hydrolases (Fph). Here, we provide the first characterization of S. aureus FphH, a conserved, putative carboxylesterase (referred to as yvaK in Bacillus subtilis) at the molecular and cellular level. First, phenotypic characterization of fphH-deficient transposon mutants revealed phenotypes during growth under nutrient deprivation, biofilm formation, and intracellular survival. Biochemical and structural investigations revealed that FphH acts as an esterase and lipase based on a fold well suited to act on a small to long hydrophobic unbranched lipid group within its substrate and can be inhibited by active site-targeting oxadiazoles. Prompted by a previous observation that fphH expression was upregulated in response to fusidic acid, we found that FphH can deacetylate this ribosome-targeting antibiotic, but the lack of FphH function did not infer major changes in antibiotic susceptibility. In conclusion, our results indicate a functional role of this hydrolase in S. aureus stress responses, and hypothetical functions connecting FphH with components of the ribosome rescue system that are conserved in the same gene cluster across Bacillales are discussed. Our atomic characterization of FphH will facilitate the development of specific FphH inhibitors and probes to elucidate its physiological role and validity as a drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fellner
- Biochemistry
Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Annabel Walsh
- Biochemistry
Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Dela Ahator
- Research
Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology
and Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nadia Aftab
- Research
Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology
and Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ben Sutherland
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Sciences, University
of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Eng W. Tan
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Sciences, University
of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Alexander T. Bakker
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel I. Martin
- Biological
Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333
BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department
of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian S. Lentz
- Research
Group for Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology
and Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies (CANS) UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Liang J, Li L, Li L, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Xiao X. Lipid metabolism reprogramming in head and neck cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1271505. [PMID: 37927468 PMCID: PMC10622980 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1271505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism reprogramming is one of the most prominent metabolic anomalies in cancer, wherein cancer cells undergo dysregulation of lipid metabolism to acquire adequate energy, cell membrane building blocks, as well as signaling molecules essential for cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis. These adaptations enable cancer cells to effectively respond to challenges posed by the tumor microenvironment, leading to cancer therapy resistance and poor cancer prognosis. Head and neck cancer, ranking as the seventh most prevalent cancer, exhibits numerous abnormalities in lipid metabolism. Nevertheless, the precise role of lipid metabolic rewiring in head and neck cancer remains unclear. In line with the LIPID MAPS Lipid Classification System and cancer risk factors, the present review delves into the dysregulated molecules and pathways participating in the process of lipid uptake, biosynthesis, transportation, and catabolism. We also present an overview of the latest advancements in understanding alterations in lipid metabolism and how they intersect with the carcinogenesis, development, treatment, and prognosis of head and neck cancer. By shedding light on the significance of metabolic therapy, we aspire to improve the overall prognosis and treatment outcomes of head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Limei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High-Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
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Nader N, Zarif L, Halama A, Yadav S, Dib M, Attarwala N, Chen Q, Suhre K, Gross SS, Machaca K. Progesterone induces meiosis through two obligate co-receptors with PLA2 activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.09.556646. [PMID: 37905030 PMCID: PMC10614741 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.09.556646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone progesterone (P4) regulates multiple aspects of reproductive and metabolic physiology. Classical P4 signaling operates through nuclear receptors that regulate transcription. In addition, P4 signals through membrane P4 receptors (mPRs) in a rapid nongenomic modality. Despite the established physiological importance of P4 nongenomic signaling, its detailed signal transduction remains elusive. Here, using Xenopus oocyte maturation as a well-established physiological readout of nongenomic P4 signaling, we identify the lipid hydrolase ABHD2 (α/β hydrolase domain-containing protein 2) as an essential mPRβ co-receptor to trigger meiosis. We show using functional assays coupled to unbiased and targeted cell-based lipidomics that ABHD2 possesses a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity that requires both P4 and mPRβ. This PLA2 activity bifurcates P4 signaling by inducing mPRβ clathrin-dependent endocytosis and producing lipid messengers that are G-protein coupled receptors agonists. Therefore, P4 drives meiosis by inducing the ABHD2 PLA2 activity that requires both mPRβ and ABHD2 as obligate co-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Nader
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lubna Zarif
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anna Halama
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sharan Yadav
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maya Dib
- Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabeel Attarwala
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Biological Sciences division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Steven S. Gross
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Jovičić EJ, Janež AP, Eichmann TO, Koren Š, Brglez V, Jordan PM, Gerstmeier J, Lainšček D, Golob-Urbanc A, Jerala R, Lambeau G, Werz O, Zimmermann R, Petan T. Lipid droplets control mitogenic lipid mediator production in human cancer cells. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101791. [PMID: 37586657 PMCID: PMC10470291 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids and precursors of oxygenated lipid mediators with diverse functions, including the control of cell growth, inflammation and tumourigenesis. However, the molecular pathways that control the availability of PUFAs for lipid mediator production are not well understood. Here, we investigated the crosstalk of three pathways in the provision of PUFAs for lipid mediator production: (i) secreted group X phospholipase A2 (GX sPLA2) and (ii) cytosolic group IVA PLA2 (cPLA2α), both mobilizing PUFAs from membrane phospholipids, and (iii) adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), which mediates the degradation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) stored in cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs). METHODS We combined lipidomic and functional analyses in cancer cell line models to dissect the trafficking of PUFAs between membrane phospholipids and LDs and determine the role of these pathways in lipid mediator production, cancer cell proliferation and tumour growth in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrate that lipid mediator production strongly depends on TAG turnover. GX sPLA2 directs ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs from membrane phospholipids into TAG stores, whereas ATGL is required for their entry into lipid mediator biosynthetic pathways. ATGL controls the release of PUFAs from LD stores and their conversion into cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-derived lipid mediators under conditions of nutrient sufficiency and during serum starvation. In starving cells, ATGL also promotes the incorporation of LD-derived PUFAs into phospholipids, representing substrates for cPLA2α. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the built-up of TAG stores by acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is required for the production of mitogenic lipid signals that promote cancer cell proliferation and tumour growth. CONCLUSION This study shifts the paradigm of PLA2-driven lipid mediator signalling and identifies LDs as central lipid mediator production hubs. Targeting DGAT1-mediated LD biogenesis is a promising strategy to restrict lipid mediator production and tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jarc Jovičić
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pucer Janež
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Thomas O Eichmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Špela Koren
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Brglez
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Duško Lainšček
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; EN-FIST, Centre of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Golob-Urbanc
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Jerala
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; EN-FIST, Centre of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gérard Lambeau
- Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC), UMR7275, Valbonne Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Toni Petan
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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24
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Oh M, Jang SY, Lee JY, Kim JW, Jung Y, Kim J, Seo J, Han TS, Jang E, Son HY, Kim D, Kim MW, Park JS, Song KH, Oh KJ, Kim WK, Bae KH, Huh YM, Kim SH, Kim D, Han BS, Lee SC, Hwang GS, Lee EW. The lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 inhibitor Darapladib sensitises cancer cells to ferroptosis by remodelling lipid metabolism. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5728. [PMID: 37714840 PMCID: PMC10504358 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic and adrenic acids in the membrane play key roles in ferroptosis. Here, we reveal that lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) controls intracellular phospholipid metabolism and contributes to ferroptosis resistance. A metabolic drug screen reveals that darapladib, an inhibitor of Lp-PLA2, synergistically induces ferroptosis in the presence of GPX4 inhibitors. We show that darapladib is able to enhance ferroptosis under lipoprotein-deficient or serum-free conditions. Furthermore, we find that Lp-PLA2 is located in the membrane and cytoplasm and suppresses ferroptosis, suggesting a critical role for intracellular Lp-PLA2. Lipidomic analyses show that darapladib treatment or deletion of PLA2G7, which encodes Lp-PLA2, generally enriches phosphatidylethanolamine species and reduces lysophosphatidylethanolamine species. Moreover, combination treatment of darapladib with the GPX4 inhibitor PACMA31 efficiently inhibits tumour growth in a xenograft model. Our study suggests that inhibition of Lp-PLA2 is a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance ferroptosis in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihee Oh
- Biodefense Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seo Young Jang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03759, Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jong Woo Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Youngae Jung
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03759, Korea
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Department, Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
| | - Jinho Seo
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Tae-Su Han
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Eunji Jang
- MediBio-Informatics Research Center, Novomics Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Son
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Dain Kim
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03759, Korea
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Min Wook Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | | | - Kwon-Ho Song
- Department of Cell Biology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42472, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- MediBio-Informatics Research Center, Novomics Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Soon Ha Kim
- MitoImmune Therapeutics Inc., Seoul, 06123, Korea
| | - Doyoun Kim
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Department, Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Korea
| | - Baek-Soo Han
- Biodefense Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03759, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Korea.
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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25
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Lin CY, Xu WB, Li BZ, Shu MA, Zhang YM. Identification and functional analysis of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) from the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii: The first evidence of cPLA2 involved in immunity in invertebrates. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108944. [PMID: 37451527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) specifically liberates the arachidonic acids from the phospholipid substrates. In mammals, cPLA2 serves as a key control point in inflammatory responses due to its diverse downstream products. However, the role of cPLA2 in animals lower than mammals largely remains unknown. In the current research, a homolog of cPLA2 was first identified and characterized in the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii. The full-length cDNA of PccPLA2 was 4432 bp in length with a 3036 bp-long open reading frame, encoding a putative protein of 1011 amino acids that contained a protein kinase C conserved region 2 and a catalytic subunit of cPLA2. PccPLA2 was ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues with the highest expression in the hepatopancreas, and the expression in hemocytes as well as hepatopancreas was induced upon the immune challenges of WSSV and Aeromonas hydrophila. After the co-treatment of RNA interference and bacterial infection, the decline of bacteria clearance capability was observed in the hemolymph, and the expression of some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) was significantly suppressed. Additionally, the phagocytosis of A. hydrophila by primary hemocytes decreased when treated with the specific inhibitor CAY10650 of cPLA2. These results indicated the participation of PccPLA2 in both cellular and humoral immune responses in the crayfish, which provided an insight into the role that cPLA2 played in the innate immunity of crustaceans, and even in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yang Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wen-Bin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bang-Ze Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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26
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Alberti D, Thiaudiere E, Parzy E, Elkhanoufi S, Rakhshan S, Stefania R, Massot P, Mellet P, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. 4-Amino-TEMPO loaded liposomes as sensitive EPR and OMRI probes for the detection of phospholipase A2 activity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13725. [PMID: 37608036 PMCID: PMC10444830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims at developing a diagnostic method based on Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements of stable nitroxide radicals released from "EPR silent" liposomes. The liposome destabilisation and consequent radical release is enzymatically triggered by the action of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) present in the biological sample of interest. PLA2 are involved in a broad range of processes, and changes in their activity may be considered as a unique valuable biomarker for early diagnoses. The minimum amount of PLA2 measured "in vitro" was 0.09 U/mL. Moreover, the liposomes were successfully used to perform Overhauser-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (OMRI) in vitro at 0.2 T. The amount of radicals released by PLA2 driven liposome destabilization was sufficient to generate a well detectable contrast enhancement in the corresponding OMRI image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Eric Thiaudiere
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Parzy
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabrina Elkhanoufi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Sahar Rakhshan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Philippe Massot
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Mellet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Silvio Aime
- IRCCS SDN SYNLAB, Via Gianturco 113, Naples, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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27
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Endo Y, Kanno T, Nakajima T, Ikeda K, Taketomi Y, Yokoyama S, Sasamoto S, Asou HK, Miyako K, Hasegawa Y, Kawashima Y, Ohara O, Murakami M, Nakayama T. 1-Oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine stimulates RORγt activity in T H17 cells. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadd4346. [PMID: 37540735 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add4346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic fluxes involving fatty acid biosynthesis play essential roles in controlling the differentiation of T helper 17 (TH17) cells. However, the exact enzymes and lipid metabolites involved, as well as their link to promoting the core gene transcriptional signature required for the differentiation of TH17 cells, remain largely unknown. From a pooled CRISPR-based screen and unbiased lipidomics analyses, we identified that 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine could act as a lipid modulator of retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) activity in TH17 cells. In addition, we specified five enzymes, including Gpam, Gpat3, Lplat1, Pla2g12a, and Scd2, suggestive of the requirement of glycerophospholipids with monounsaturated fatty acids being required for the transcription of Il17a. 1-Oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine was reduced in Pla2g12a-deficient TH17 cells, leading to the abolition of interleukin-17 (IL-17) production and disruption to the core transcriptional program required for the differentiation of TH17 cells. Furthermore, mice with T cell-specific deficiency of Pla2g12a failed to develop disease in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis. Thus, our data indicate that 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine is a lipid metabolite that promotes RORγt-induced TH17 cell differentiation and the pathogenicity of TH17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Endo
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
- Department of Omics Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana. Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670 Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Kanno
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakajima
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Taketomi
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental Metabolic Health Sciences Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Shigemi Sasamoto
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Hikari K Asou
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyako
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawashima
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Makoto Murakami
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental Metabolic Health Sciences Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655 Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana. Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670 Japan
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28
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Czyżowska A, Brown J, Xu H, Sataranatarajan K, Kinter M, Tyrell VJ, O'Donnell VB, Van Remmen H. Elevated phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) expression modulates oxylipin formation and inhibits age-related skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102761. [PMID: 37279604 PMCID: PMC10276143 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies support a key role for mitochondrial lipid hydroperoxides as important contributors to denervation-related muscle atrophy, including muscle atrophy associated with aging. Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is an essential antioxidant enzyme that directly reduces phospholipid hydroperoxides and we previously reported that denervation-induced muscle atrophy is blunted in a mouse model of GPX4 overexpression. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to determine whether GPX4 overexpression can reduce the age-related increase in mitochondrial hydroperoxides in skeletal muscle and ameliorate age-related muscle atrophy and weakness (sarcopenia). Male C57Bl6 WT and GPX4 transgenic (GPX4Tg) mice were studied at 3 to 5 and 23-29 months of age. Basal mitochondrial peroxide generation was reduced by 34% in muscle fibers from aged GPX4Tg compared to old WT mice. GPX4 overexpression also reduced levels of lipid peroxidation products: 4-HNE, MDA, and LOOHs by 38%, 32%, and 84% respectively in aged GPX4Tg mice compared to aged WT mice. Muscle mass was preserved in old GPX4 Tg mice by 11% and specific force generation was 21% higher in old GPX4Tg versus age matched male WT mice. Oxylipins from lipoxygenases (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX), as well as less abundant non-enzymatically generated isomers, were significantly reduced by GPX4 overexpression. The expression of cPLA2, 12/15-LOX and COX-2 were 1.9-, 10.5- and 3.4-fold greater in old versus young WT muscle respectively, and 12/15-LOX and COX-2 levels were reduced by 37% and 35%, respectively in muscle from old GPX4Tg mice. Our study suggests that lipid peroxidation products may play an important role in the development of sarcopenia, and their detoxification might be an effective intervention in preventing muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Czyżowska
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States
| | - Jacob Brown
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States; Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States
| | - Hongyang Xu
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States
| | - Kavitha Sataranatarajan
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States
| | - Michael Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States
| | - Victoria J Tyrell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States; Oklahoma City VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States.
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Sugihara R, Taneike M, Murakawa T, Tamai T, Ueda H, Kitazume-Taneike R, Oka T, Akazawa Y, Nishida H, Mine K, Hioki A, Omi J, Omiya S, Aoki J, Ikeda K, Nishida K, Arita M, Yamaguchi O, Sakata Y, Otsu K. Lysophosphatidylserine induces necrosis in pressure overloaded male mouse hearts via G protein coupled receptor 34. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4494. [PMID: 37524709 PMCID: PMC10390482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of mortality in developed countries. Cell death is a key player in the development of heart failure. Calcium-independent phospholipase A2β (iPLA2β) produces lipid mediators by catalyzing lipids and induces nuclear shrinkage in caspase-independent cell death. Here, we show that lysophosphatidylserine generated by iPLA2β induces necrotic cardiomyocyte death, as well as contractile dysfunction mediated through its receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 34 (GPR34). Cardiomyocyte-specific iPLA2β-deficient male mice were subjected to pressure overload. While control mice showed left ventricular systolic dysfunction with necrotic cardiomyocyte death, iPLA2β-deficient mice preserved cardiac function. Lipidomic analysis revealed a reduction of 18:0 lysophosphatidylserine in iPLA2β-deficient hearts. Knockdown of Gpr34 attenuated 18:0 lysophosphatidylserine-induced necrosis in neonatal male rat cardiomyocytes, while the ablation of Gpr34 in male mice reduced the development of pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling. Thus, the iPLA2β-lysophosphatidylserine-GPR34-necrosis signaling axis plays a detrimental role in the heart in response to pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Sugihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Manabu Taneike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Murakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahito Tamai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Preventive Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rika Kitazume-Taneike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takafumi Oka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Akazawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mine
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayana Hioki
- Preventive Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jumpei Omi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigemiki Omiya
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nishida
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamaguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kinya Otsu
- The School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan.
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Salucci S, Aramini B, Bartoletti-Stella A, Versari I, Martinelli G, Blalock W, Stella F, Faenza I. Phospholipase Family Enzymes in Lung Cancer: Looking for Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3245. [PMID: 37370855 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the second most common neoplasm in men and the third most common in women. In the last decade, LC therapies have undergone significant improvements with the advent of immunotherapy. However, the effectiveness of the available treatments remains insufficient due to the presence of therapy-resistant cancer cells. For decades, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have dominated the treatment strategy for LC; however, relapses occur rapidly and result in poor survival. Malignant lung tumors are classified as either small- or non-small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC and NSCLC). Despite improvements in the treatment of LC in recent decades, the benefits of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are limited, although they have improved the prognosis of LC despite the persistent low survival rate due to distant metastasis in the late stage. The identification of novel prognostic molecular markers is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms of LC initiation and progression. The potential role of phosphatidylinositol in tumor growth and the metastatic process has recently been suggested by some researchers. Phosphatidylinositols are lipid molecules and key players in the inositol signaling pathway that have a pivotal role in cell cycle regulation, proliferation, differentiation, membrane trafficking, and gene expression. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase enzymes and their emerging roles in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Salucci
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aramini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Bartoletti-Stella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Versari
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - William Blalock
- "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza'' Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerca (IGM-CNR), 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Franco Stella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Faenza
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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He J, Chen Y, Dai S, Chen F, Wang Y, Shi T, Chen L, Liu Y, Chen J, Xie P. First insights into region-specific lipidome alterations of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice exposed chronically to microcystins. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 177:108018. [PMID: 37329758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs), a group of most widespread freshwater cyanotoxins that possess strong neurotoxicity, can adversely affect brain structures and functions and are linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the essential role of lipids in brain structures and functions, the brain lipidome profile of mammals exposed to MCs remains unexplored, hindering a clear understanding of the neurotoxic effects of MCs and underlying mechanisms. In this study, we performed untargeted lipidomic profiling using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice orally exposed to 30 and 300 μg/kg body mass/day of microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) for 180 days to evaluate the impacts of MC-LR on the brain lipidome profile and functions. Our results show that MC-LR resulted in a decline in cognitive parameters, as assessed by the Morris water maze test. Interestingly, apparent neurodegenerative changes were observed in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the hippocampus. Comprehensive lipidomic analyses uncovered profound, region-specific changes in the phospholipid and sphingolipid profile at the levels of lipid subclasses, lipid species, and fatty acyl composition. These changes showed overall decrease trends of lipid content in the prefrontal cortex yet increasing trends in the hippocampus. We identified distinct transcriptional regulations of lipid metabolism and apoptosis by MC-LR in the two regions, which appeared to underlie the neurodegenerative changes. Collectively, this study uncovers region-specific changes in the brain lipidome profile and functions induced by MCs, shedding light on the role of lipid dysfunction in neurotoxicity mechanism of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiming Dai
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yeke Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Lulić AM, Katalinić M. The PNPLA family of enzymes: characterisation and biological role. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:75-89. [PMID: 37357879 PMCID: PMC10291501 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper brings a brief review of the human patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein (PNPLA) family. Even though it consists of only nine members, their physiological roles and mechanisms of their catalytic activity are not fully understood. However, the results of a number of knock-out and gain- or loss-of-function research models suggest that these enzymes have an important role in maintaining the homeostasis and integrity of organelle membranes, in cell growth, signalling, cell death, and the metabolism of lipids such as triacylglycerol, phospholipids, ceramides, and retinyl esters. Research has also revealed a connection between PNPLA family member mutations or irregular catalytic activity and the development of various diseases. Here we summarise important findings published so far and discuss their structure, localisation in the cell, distribution in the tissues, specificity for substrates, and their potential physiological role, especially in view of their potential as drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Marija Lulić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ma X, Liu H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Peng G, Gu Y. Trichosporon asahii PLA2 Gene Enhances Drug Resistance to Azoles by Improving Drug Efflux and Biofilm Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108855. [PMID: 37240199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichosporon asahii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe or even fatal infections in patients with low immune function. sPLA2 plays different roles in different fungi and is also related to fungal drug resistance. However, the mechanism underlying its drug resistance to azoles has not yet been reported in T. asahii. Therefore, we investigated the drug resistance of T. asahii PLA2 (TaPLA2) by constructing overexpressing mutant strains (TaPLA2OE). TaPLA2OE was generated by homologous recombination of the recombinant vector pEGFP-N1-TaPLA2, induced by the CMV promoter, with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The structure of the protein was found to be typical of sPLA2, and it belongs to the phospholipase A2_3 superfamily. TaPLA2OE enhanced antifungal drug resistance by upregulating the expression of effector genes and increasing the number of arthrospores to promote biofilm formation. TaPLA2OE was highly sensitive to sodium dodecyl sulfate and Congo red, indicating impaired cell wall integrity due to downregulation of chitin synthesis or degradation genes, which can indirectly affect fungal resistance. In conclusion, TaPLA2 overexpression enhanced the resistance to azoles of T. asahii by enhancing drug efflux and biofilm formation and upregulating HOG-MAPK pathway genes; therefore, it has promising research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Zhou Y, Rothe M, Schunck WH, Ruess L, Menzel R. Serotonin-induced stereospecific formation and bioactivity of the eicosanoid 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid in the regulation of pharyngeal pumping of C. elegans. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159304. [PMID: 36914111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
17,18-Epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-EEQ), the most abundant eicosanoid generated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in C. elegans, is a potential signaling molecule in the regulation of pharyngeal pumping activity of this nematode. As a chiral molecule, 17,18-EEQ can exist in two stereoisomers, the 17(R),18(S)- and 17(S),18(R)-EEQ enantiomers. Here we tested the hypothesis that 17,18-EEQ may function as a second messenger of the feeding-promoting neurotransmitter serotonin and stimulates pharyngeal pumping and food uptake in a stereospecific manner. Serotonin treatment of wildtype worms induced a more than twofold increase of free 17,18-EEQ levels. As revealed by chiral lipidomics analysis, this increase was almost exclusively due to an enhanced release of the (R,S)-enantiomer of 17,18-EEQ. In contrast to the wildtype strain, serotonin failed to induce 17,18-EEQ formation as well as to accelerate pharyngeal pumping in mutant strains defective in the serotonin SER-7 receptor. However, the pharyngeal activity of the ser-7 mutant remained fully responsive to exogenous 17,18-EEQ administration. Short term incubations of well-fed and starved wildtype nematodes showed that both racemic 17,18-EEQ and 17(R),18(S)-EEQ were able to increase pharyngeal pumping frequency and the uptake of fluorescence-labeled microspheres, while 17(S),18(R)-EEQ and also 17,18-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-DHEQ, the hydrolysis product of 17,18-EEQ) were ineffective. Taken together, these results show that serotonin induces 17,18-EEQ formation in C. elegans via the SER-7 receptor and that both the formation of this epoxyeicosanoid and its subsequent stimulatory effect on pharyngeal activity proceed with high stereospecificity confined to the (R,S)-enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhou
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institue of Biology, Ecology, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Rothe
- Lipidomix GmbH, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolf-Hagen Schunck
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liliane Ruess
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institue of Biology, Ecology, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Menzel
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institue of Biology, Ecology, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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Chistyakov DV, Kovalenko LV, Donnikov MY, Sergeeva MG. Blood Oxylipin Profiles as Markers of Oncological Diseases. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:621-629. [PMID: 37331708 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792305005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins are signal lipid molecules formed from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in several multienzymatic metabolic pathways, such as cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), epoxygenase (CYP), and anandamide pathways, as well as non-enzymatically. The pathways of PUFA transformation are activated in parallel, yielding a mixture of physiologically active substances. Although the association of oxylipins with carcinogenesis had been established a long time ago, only recently analytical methods have advanced to a degree allowing detection and quantification of oxylipins from different classes (oxylipin profiles). The review describes current approaches to the HPLC-MS/MS analysis of oxylipin profiles and compares oxylipin profiles from patients with oncological diseases (breast cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer). The possibility of using blood oxylipin profiles as biomarkers in oncological diseases is discussed. Understanding the patterns of PUFA metabolism and physiological activity of combinations of oxylipins will improve early diagnostics of oncological diseases and evaluation of disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V Chistyakov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
| | | | - Maxim Y Donnikov
- Medical Institute, Surgut State University, Surgut, 628416, Russia
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Yamamoto K, Hakoi H, Nomura S, Murakami M. The Roles of sPLA 2s in Skin Homeostasis and Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040668. [PMID: 37189415 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, the secreted PLA2 (sPLA2) family in mammals contains 11 members that exhibit unique tissue or cellular distributions and enzymatic properties. Current studies using knockout and/or transgenic mice for a nearly full set of sPLA2s, in combination with comprehensive lipidomics, have revealed the diverse pathophysiological roles of sPLA2s in various biological events. Individual sPLA2s exert specific functions within tissue microenvironments, likely through the hydrolysis of extracellular phospholipids. Lipids are an essential biological component for skin homeostasis, and disturbance of lipid metabolism by deletion or overexpression of lipid-metabolizing enzymes or lipid-sensing receptors often leads to skin abnormalities that are easily visible on the outside. Over the past decades, our studies using knockout and transgenic mice for various sPLA2s have uncovered several new aspects of these enzymes as modulators of skin homeostasis and disease. This article summarizes the roles of several sPLA2s in skin pathophysiology, providing additional insight into the research fields of sPLA2s, lipids, and skin biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami-jyosanjima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Haruka Hakoi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami-jyosanjima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Saki Nomura
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minami-jyosanjima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Makoto Murakami
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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37
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Castro-Amorim J, Novo de Oliveira A, Da Silva SL, Soares AM, Mukherjee AK, Ramos MJ, Fernandes PA. Catalytically Active Snake Venom PLA 2 Enzymes: An Overview of Its Elusive Mechanisms of Reaction. J Med Chem 2023; 66:5364-5376. [PMID: 37018514 PMCID: PMC10150362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Snake venom-secreted phospholipase A2 (svPLA2) enzymes, both catalytically active and inactive, are a central component in envenoming. These are responsible for disrupting the cell membrane's integrity, inducing a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as the necrosis of the bitten limb, cardiorespiratory arrest, edema, and anticoagulation. Although extensively characterized, the reaction mechanisms of enzymatic svPLA2 are still to be thoroughly understood. This review presents and analyses the most plausible reaction mechanisms for svPLA2, such as the "single-water mechanism" or the "assisted-water mechanism" initially proposed for the homologous human PLA2. All of the mechanistic possibilities are characterized by a highly conserved Asp/His/water triad and a Ca2+ cofactor. The extraordinary increase in activity induced by binding to a lipid-water interface, known as "interfacial activation," critical for the PLA2s activity, is also discussed. Finally, a potential catalytic mechanism for the postulated noncatalytic PLA2-like proteins is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Castro-Amorim
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Novo de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Saulo Luís Da Silva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreimar M Soares
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Proteins and Bioactive Compounds (LABIOPROT), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Institute of Epidemiology in the Western Amazon (INCT-EpiAmO), Porto Velho, Rondônia 76812-245, Brazil
- Sao Lucas Universitary Center (UniSL), Porto Velho, Rondônia 76805-846, Brazil
| | - Ashis K Mukherjee
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
- Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies in Science and Technology, Vigyan Path, Garchuk, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India
| | - Maria João Ramos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Moriyama H, Endo J. Pathophysiological Involvement of Mast Cells and the Lipid Mediators in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6619. [PMID: 37047587 PMCID: PMC10094825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are responsible for IgE-dependent allergic responses, but they also produce various bioactive mediators and contribute to the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary hypertension (PH). The importance of lipid mediators in the pathogenesis of PH has become evident in recent years, as exemplified by prostaglandin I2, the most central therapeutic target in pulmonary arterial hypertension. New bioactive lipids other than eicosanoids have also been identified that are associated with the pathogenesis of PH. However, it remains largely unknown how mast cell-derived lipid mediators are involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling. Recently, it has been demonstrated that mast cells produce epoxidized n-3 fatty acid (n-3 epoxides) in a degranulation-independent manner, and that n-3 epoxides produced by mast cells regulate the abnormal activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and suppress the progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. This review summarizes the role of mast cells and bioactive lipids in the pathogenesis of PH. In addition, we introduce the pathophysiological role and therapeutic potential of n-3 epoxides, a mast cell-derived novel lipid mediator, in the pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. Further knowledge of mast cells and lipid mediators is expected to lead to the development of innovative therapies targeting pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Moriyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13 Sugano, Ichikawa 272-8513, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jin Endo
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
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The phospholipase A 2 superfamily as a central hub of bioactive lipids and beyond. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108382. [PMID: 36918102 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
In essence, "phospholipase A2" (PLA2) means a group of enzymes that release fatty acids and lysophospholipids by hydrolyzing the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. To date, more than 50 enzymes possessing PLA2 or related lipid-metabolizing activities have been identified in mammals, and these are subdivided into several families in terms of their structures, catalytic mechanisms, tissue/cellular localizations, and evolutionary relationships. From a general viewpoint, the PLA2 superfamily has mainly been implicated in signal transduction, driving the production of a wide variety of bioactive lipid mediators. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that PLA2s also contribute to phospholipid remodeling or recycling for membrane homeostasis, fatty acid β-oxidation for energy production, and barrier lipid formation on the body surface. Accordingly, PLA2 enzymes are considered one of the key regulators of a broad range of lipid metabolism, and perturbation of specific PLA2-driven lipid pathways often disrupts tissue and cellular homeostasis and may be associated with a variety of diseases. This review covers current understanding of the physiological functions of the PLA2 superfamily, focusing particularly on the two major intracellular PLA2 families (Ca2+-dependent cytosolic PLA2s and Ca2+-independent patatin-like PLA2s) as well as other PLA2 families, based on studies using gene-manipulated mice and human diseases in combination with comprehensive lipidomics.
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Harada S, Taketomi Y, Aiba T, Kawaguchi M, Hirabayashi T, Uranbileg B, Kurano M, Yatomi Y, Murakami M. The Lysophospholipase PNPLA7 Controls Hepatic Choline and Methionine Metabolism. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030471. [PMID: 36979406 PMCID: PMC10046082 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vivo roles of lysophospholipase, which cleaves a fatty acyl ester of lysophospholipid, remained unclear. Recently, we have unraveled a previously unrecognized physiological role of the lysophospholipase PNPLA7, a member of the Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) family, as a key regulator of the production of glycerophosphocholine (GPC), a precursor of endogenous choline, whose methyl groups are preferentially fluxed into the methionine cycle in the liver. PNPLA7 deficiency in mice markedly decreases hepatic GPC, choline, and several metabolites related to choline/methionine metabolism, leading to various symptoms reminiscent of methionine shortage. Overall metabolic alterations in the liver of Pnpla7-null mice in vivo largely recapitulate those in methionine-deprived hepatocytes in vitro. Reduction of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) after methionine deprivation decreases the methylation of the PNPLA7 gene promoter, relieves PNPLA7 expression, and thereby increases GPC and choline levels, likely as a compensatory adaptation. In line with the view that SAM prevents the development of liver cancer, the expression of PNPLA7, as well as several enzymes in the choline/methionine metabolism, is reduced in human hepatocellular carcinoma. These findings uncover an unexplored role of a lysophospholipase in hepatic phospholipid catabolism coupled with choline/methionine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Harada
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Taketomi
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Toshiki Aiba
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Mai Kawaguchi
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
- Laboratory of Biomembrane, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirabayashi
- Laboratory of Biomembrane, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Baasanjav Uranbileg
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Makoto Murakami
- Laboratory of Microenvironmental and Metabolic Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5841-1431
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Shimizu Y, Tamiya-Koizumi K, Tsutsumi T, Kyogashima M, Kannagi R, Iwaki S, Aoyama M, Tokumura A. Hypoxia increases cellular levels of phosphatidic acid and lysophospholipids in undifferentiated Caco-2 cells. Lipids 2023; 58:93-103. [PMID: 36708255 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are known to survive in a hypoxic microenvironment by altering their lipid metabolism as well as their energy metabolism. In this study, Caco-2 cells derived from human colon cancer, were found to have elevated intracellular levels of phosphatidic acid and its lysoform, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), under hypoxic conditions. Our results suggested that the elevation of LPA in Caco-2 cells was mainly due to the combined increases in cellular levels of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine by phospholipase A2 and subsequent hydrolysis to LPA by lysophospholipase D. We detected the Ca2+ -stimulated choline-producing activities toward exogenous lysophosphatidylcholines in whole Caco-2 cell homogenates, indicating their involvement in the LPA production in intact Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshibumi Shimizu
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keiko Tamiya-Koizumi
- Department of Pathobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kyogashima
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Reiji Kannagi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Soichiro Iwaki
- Department of Pathobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Tokumura
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Beccacece L, Abondio P, Bini C, Pelotti S, Luiselli D. The Link between Prostanoids and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044193. [PMID: 36835616 PMCID: PMC9962914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global deaths, and many risk factors contribute to their pathogenesis. In this context, prostanoids, which derive from arachidonic acid, have attracted attention for their involvement in cardiovascular homeostasis and inflammatory processes. Prostanoids are the target of several drugs, but it has been shown that some of them increase the risk of thrombosis. Overall, many studies have shown that prostanoids are tightly associated with cardiovascular diseases and that several polymorphisms in genes involved in their synthesis and function increase the risk of developing these pathologies. In this review, we focus on molecular mechanisms linking prostanoids to cardiovascular diseases and we provide an overview of genetic polymorphisms that increase the risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Beccacece
- Computational Genomics Lab, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Paolo Abondio
- aDNA Lab, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Carla Bini
- Unit of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susi Pelotti
- Unit of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donata Luiselli
- aDNA Lab, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
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Takahama M, Patil A, Johnson K, Cipurko D, Miki Y, Taketomi Y, Carbonetto P, Plaster M, Richey G, Pandey S, Cheronis K, Ueda T, Gruenbaum A, Dudek SM, Stephens M, Murakami M, Chevrier N. Organism-Wide Analysis of Sepsis Reveals Mechanisms of Systemic Inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526342. [PMID: 36778287 PMCID: PMC9915512 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic response to infection with life-threatening consequences. Our understanding of the impact of sepsis across organs of the body is rudimentary. Here, using mouse models of sepsis, we generate a dynamic, organism-wide map of the pathogenesis of the disease, revealing the spatiotemporal patterns of the effects of sepsis across tissues. These data revealed two interorgan mechanisms key in sepsis. First, we discover a simplifying principle in the systemic behavior of the cytokine network during sepsis, whereby a hierarchical cytokine circuit arising from the pairwise effects of TNF plus IL-18, IFN-γ, or IL-1β explains half of all the cellular effects of sepsis on 195 cell types across 9 organs. Second, we find that the secreted phospholipase PLA2G5 mediates hemolysis in blood, contributing to organ failure during sepsis. These results provide fundamental insights to help build a unifying mechanistic framework for the pathophysiological effects of sepsis on the body.
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Osipov A, Utkin Y. What Are the Neurotoxins in Hemotoxic Snake Venoms? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032919. [PMID: 36769242 PMCID: PMC9917609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Snake venoms as tools for hunting are primarily aimed at the most vital systems of the prey, especially the nervous and circulatory systems. In general, snakes of the Elapidae family produce neurotoxic venoms comprising of toxins targeting the nervous system, while snakes of the Viperidae family and most rear-fanged snakes produce hemotoxic venoms directed mainly on blood coagulation. However, it is not all so clear. Some bites by viperids results in neurotoxic signs and it is now known that hemotoxic venoms do contain neurotoxic components. For example, viperid phospholipases A2 may manifest pre- or/and postsynaptic activity and be involved in pain and analgesia. There are other neurotoxins belonging to diverse families ranging from large multi-subunit proteins (e.g., C-type lectin-like proteins) to short peptide neurotoxins (e.g., waglerins and azemiopsin), which are found in hemotoxic venoms. Other neurotoxins from hemotoxic venoms include baptides, crotamine, cysteine-rich secretory proteins, Kunitz-type protease inhibitors, sarafotoxins and three-finger toxins. Some of these toxins exhibit postsynaptic activity, while others affect the functioning of voltage-dependent ion channels. This review represents the first attempt to systematize data on the neurotoxins from "non-neurotoxic" snake venom. The structural and functional characteristic of these neurotoxins affecting diverse targets in the nervous system are considered.
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Effects of 2-carba-cyclic phosphatidic acid derivatives on IL-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 164:106699. [PMID: 36513319 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by the breakdown of subchondral bone and cartilage damage, most often affecting middle-aged and elderly people. Although the etiology of OA is still unknown, some reports suggest that inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)- 1β mediate the progression of OA. To investigate the effect of IL-1β and the possibility of treatment for OA, we applied 2-carba-cyclic phosphatidic acid (2ccPA) and its derivatives on human chondrocytes. 2ccPA is a synthesized phospholipid derived from a bioactive phospholipid mediator: cyclic phosphatidic acid (cPA). It has been previously reported that 2ccPA exhibits anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects in an OA animal model. 2ccPA and its ring-opened body (ROB) derivative significantly suppressed IL-1β-induced upregulation of IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-13, and cyclooxygenase-2, as well as the degradation of type II collagen and aggrecan. However, the other two derivatives, namely the deacylated and ring-opened deacylated bodies, showed little effect on an IL-1β-exposed human chondrosarcoma cell-line. These data suggest that the intactness of 2ccPA and ROB is essential for anti-inflammatory effects on OA. Collectively, this study provides evidence that 2ccPA and ROB would be novel therapeutic agents for OA.
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Khan SA, Ilies MA. The Phospholipase A2 Superfamily: Structure, Isozymes, Catalysis, Physiologic and Pathologic Roles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021353. [PMID: 36674864 PMCID: PMC9862071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily of phospholipase enzymes hydrolyzes the ester bond at the sn-2 position of the phospholipids, generating a free fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. The PLA2s are amphiphilic in nature and work only at the water/lipid interface, acting on phospholipid assemblies rather than on isolated single phospholipids. The superfamily of PLA2 comprises at least six big families of isoenzymes, based on their structure, location, substrate specificity and physiologic roles. We are reviewing the secreted PLA2 (sPLA2), cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2), lipoprotein-associated PLA2 (LpPLA2), lysosomal PLA2 (LPLA2) and adipose-tissue-specific PLA2 (AdPLA2), focusing on the differences in their structure, mechanism of action, substrate specificity, interfacial kinetics and tissue distribution. The PLA2s play important roles both physiologically and pathologically, with their expression increasing significantly in diseases such as sepsis, inflammation, different cancers, glaucoma, obesity and Alzheimer's disease, which are also detailed in this review.
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47
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Zhao G. Characterization and Comparison of Lipid Profiles of Selected Chicken Eggs Based on Lipidomics Approach. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:273-282. [PMID: 36878581 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the lipid profiles of three selected chicken eggs (Nixi, silky fowl, and ordinary eggs) from the market of China by an UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS based untargeted lipidomics approach. In total, 11 classes and 285 lipid molecular species were identified from the egg yolks. Glycerophospholipids (GPLs, 6 classes, 168 lipid species) are the most abundant lipids groups, followed by sphingolipids (3 classes, 50 lipid species), and two neutral lipid classes (TG and DG). Notably, two ethersubclass of GPLs (PC-e and PE-p) and 12 species of cerebrosides were firstly detected from the chicken eggs. Furthermore, multivariate statistical analysis was performed and the lipids profiles of the three types of eggs were well discriminated from each other by 30 predominant lipids species. The characteristic lipid molecules of the different kind of eggs were also screened out. This study provides a novel insight for better understanding the lipid profiles and nutritional values of different chicken eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guopeng Zhao
- Yantai Inspection and Testing Center for Food and Drug Control
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Miš K, Lulić AM, Marš T, Pirkmajer S, Katalinić M. Insulin, dibutyryl-cAMP, and glucose modulate expression of patatin-like domain containing protein 7 in cultured human myotubes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1139303. [PMID: 37033214 PMCID: PMC10073714 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1139303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing protein 7 (PNPLA7), also known as neuropathy target esterase-related esterase (NRE), a lysophospholipase, increases with fasting and decreases with feeding in mouse skeletal muscle, indicating it is regulated by insulin, counterregulatory hormones, such as glucocorticoids and catecholamines, and/or nutrients. In cultured mouse adipocytes insulin reduces Pnpla7 expression, underscoring the possibility that insulin regulates PNPLA7 in skeletal muscle. The first aim of this study was to establish whether PNPLA7 is functionally expressed in cultured human skeletal muscle cells. The second aim was to determine whether PNPLA7 is regulated by insulin, glucocorticoids, cAMP/protein kinase A pathway, and/or glucose. Cultured human skeletal muscle cells expressed PNPLA7 mRNA and protein. Gene silencing of PNPLA7 in myoblasts reduced the phosphorylation of 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase and ribosomal protein S6 as well as the abundance of α1-subunit of Na+,K+-ATPase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, indirectly suggesting that PNPLA7 is functionally important. In myotubes, insulin suppressed PNPLA7 mRNA at 1 g/L glucose, but not at low (0.5 g/L) or high (4.5 g/L) concentrations. Treatment with synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone and activator of adenylyl cyclase forskolin had no effect on PNPLA7 regardless of glucose concentration, while dibutyryl-cAMP, a cell-permeable cAMP analogue, suppressed PNPLA7 mRNA at 4.5 g/L glucose. The abundance of PNPLA7 protein correlated inversely with the glucose concentrations. Collectively, our results highlight that PNPLA7 in human myotubes is regulated by metabolic signals, implicating a role for PNPLA7 in skeletal muscle energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Miš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana-Marija Lulić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomaž Marš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Sergej Pirkmajer, ; Maja Katalinić,
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Biochemistry and Organic Analytical Chemistry Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
- *Correspondence: Sergej Pirkmajer, ; Maja Katalinić,
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Lu E, Hara A, Sun S, Hallmark B, Snider JM, Seeds MC, Watkins JC, McCall CE, Zhang HH, Yao G, Chilton FH. Temporal Associations of Plasma Levels of the Secreted Phospholipase A 2 Family and Mortality in Severe COVID-19. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.11.21.22282595. [PMID: 36451888 PMCID: PMC9709788 DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.21.22282595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that group IIA secreted phospholipase A 2 (sPLA 2 -IIA) plays a role in and predicts severe COVID-19 disease. The current study reanalyzed a longitudinal proteomic data set to determine the temporal (days 0, 3 and 7) relationship between the levels of several members of a family of sPLA 2 isoforms and the severity of COVID-19 in 214 ICU patients. The levels of six secreted PLA 2 isoforms, sPLA 2 -IIA, sPLA 2 -V, sPLA 2 -X, sPLA 2 -IB, sPLA 2 -IIC, and sPLA 2 -XVI, increased over the first 7 ICU days in those who succumbed to the disease. sPLA 2 -IIA outperformed top ranked cytokines and chemokines as predictors of patient outcome. A decision tree corroborated these results with day 0 to day 3 kinetic changes of sPLA 2 -IIA that separated the death and severe categories from the mild category and increases from day 3 to day 7 significantly enriched the lethal category. In contrast, there was a time-dependent decrease in sPLA 2 -IID and sPLA 2 -XIIB in patients with severe or lethal disease, and these two isoforms were at higher levels in mild patients. Taken together, proteomic analysis revealed temporal sPLA 2 patterns that reflect the critical roles of sPLA 2 isoforms in severe COVID-19 disease.
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50
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Liu H, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhao Q, Zhang T, Xie S, Liu Y, Tang Y, Peng Q, Pang W, Yao W, Zhou J. Geometric Constraints Regulate Energy Metabolism and Cellular Contractility in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Coordinating Mitochondrial DNA Methylation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203995. [PMID: 36106364 PMCID: PMC9661866 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) can adapt to changes in cellular geometric cues; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Using 2D micropatterned substrates to engineer cell geometry, it is found that in comparison with an elongated geometry, a square-shaped geometry causes the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic redistribution of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), hypermethylation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), repression of mtDNA gene transcription, and impairment of mitochondrial function. Using irregularly arranged versus circumferentially aligned vascular grafts to control cell geometry in 3D growth, it is demonstrated that cell geometry, mtDNA methylation, and vessel contractility are closely related. DNMT1 redistribution is found to be dependent on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. Cell elongation activates cytosolic phospholipase A2, a nuclear mechanosensor that, when inhibited, hinders AKT phosphorylation, DNMT1 nuclear accumulation, and energy production. The findings of this study provide insights into the effects of cell geometry on SMC function and its potential implications in the optimization of vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yuefeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Bioactive MaterialsMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Bioactive MaterialsMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijing100044P. R. China
| | - Si‐an Xie
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yueqi Liu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yuanjun Tang
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Qin Peng
- Institute of Systems and Physical BiologyShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518132P. R. China
| | - Wei Pang
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
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