1
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Gao K, Li X, Luo S, Zhao L. An overview of the regulatory role of annexin A1 in the tumor microenvironment and its prospective clinical application (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:51. [PMID: 38516766 PMCID: PMC10997369 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Although annexin A1 (ANXA1), a 37 kDa phospholipid‑binding anti‑inflammatory protein expressed in various tissues and cell types, has been investigated extensively for its regulatory role in cancer biology, studies have mainly focused on its intracellular role. However, cancer cells and stromal cells expressing ANXA1 have the ability to transmit signals within the tumor microenvironment (TME) through autocrine, juxtacrine, or paracrine signaling. This bidirectional crosstalk between cancer cells and their environment is also crucial for cancer progression, contributing to uncontrolled tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis and resistance to therapy. The present review explored the important role of ANXA1 in regulating the cell‑specific crosstalk between various compartments of the TME and analyzed the guiding significance of the crosstalk effects in promotion or suppressing cancer progression in the development of cancer treatments. The literature shows that ANXA1 is critical for the regulation of the TME, indicating that ANXA1 signaling between cancer cells and the TME is a potential therapeutic target for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for impeding cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Luo
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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2
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Ligotti ME, Accardi G, Aiello A, Calabrò A, Caruso C, Corsale AM, Dieli F, Di Simone M, Meraviglia S, Candore G. Sicilian semi- and supercentenarians: age-related Tγδ cell immunophenotype contributes to longevity trait definition. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:1-12. [PMID: 38066662 PMCID: PMC10929699 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune system of semi- (from ≥105 to <110 years old) and supercentenarians (≥110 years old), i.e. oldest centenarians, is thought to have characteristics that allow them to reach extreme longevity in relatively healthy status. Thus, we investigated variations of the two principal subsets of Tγδ, Vδ1, and Vδ2, and their functional subsets using the markers defining Tαβ cells, i.e. CD27, CD45RA, in a cohort of 28 women and 26 men (age range 19-110 years), including 11 long-living individuals (from >90 years old to<105 years old), and eight oldest centenarians (≥105 years old), all of them were previously analysed for Tαβ and NK cell immunophenotypes on the same blood sample collected on recruitment day. Naïve Vδ1 and Vδ2 cells showed an inverse relationship with age, particularly significant for Vδ1 cells. Terminally differentiated T subsets (TEMRA) were significantly increased in Vδ1 but not in Vδ2, with higher values observed in the oldest centenarians, although a great heterogeneity was observed. Both naïve and TEMRA Vδ1 and CD8+ Tαβ cell values from our previous study correlated highly significantly, which was not the case for CD4+ and Vδ2. Our findings on γδ TEMRA suggest that these changes are not unfavourable for centenarians, including the oldest ones, supporting the hypothesis that immune ageing should be considered as a differential adaptation rather than a general immune alteration. The increase in TEMRA Vδ1 and CD8+, as well as in NK, would represent immune mechanisms by which the oldest centenarians successfully adapt to a history of insults and achieve longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Calabrò
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Corsale
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Di Simone
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Meraviglia
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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3
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Hu Y, Hu Q, Li Y, Lu L, Xiang Z, Yin Z, Kabelitz D, Wu Y. γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:434. [PMID: 37989744 PMCID: PMC10663641 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricacy of diseases, shaped by intrinsic processes like immune system exhaustion and hyperactivation, highlights the potential of immune renormalization as a promising strategy in disease treatment. In recent years, our primary focus has centered on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy, particularly pioneering the use of allogeneic Vδ2+ γδ T cells for treating late-stage solid tumors and tuberculosis patients. However, we recognize untapped potential and optimization opportunities to fully harness γδ T cell effector functions in immunotherapy. This review aims to thoroughly examine γδ T cell immunology and its role in diseases. Initially, we elucidate functional differences between γδ T cells and their αβ T cell counterparts. We also provide an overview of major milestones in γδ T cell research since their discovery in 1984. Furthermore, we delve into the intricate biological processes governing their origin, development, fate decisions, and T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement within the thymus. By examining the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor functions of distinct γδ T cell subtypes based on γδTCR structure or cytokine release, we emphasize the importance of accurate subtyping in understanding γδ T cell function. We also explore the microenvironment-dependent functions of γδ T cell subsets, particularly in infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, hematological malignancies, and solid tumors. Finally, we propose future strategies for utilizing allogeneic γδ T cells in tumor immunotherapy. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide readers with a holistic understanding of the molecular fundamentals and translational research frontiers of γδ T cells, ultimately contributing to further advancements in harnessing the therapeutic potential of γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Qinglin Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Yangzhe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China.
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4
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Kurioka A, Klenerman P. Aging unconventionally: γδ T cells, iNKT cells, and MAIT cells in aging. Semin Immunol 2023; 69:101816. [PMID: 37536148 PMCID: PMC10804939 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Unconventional T cells include γδ T cells, invariant Natural Killer T cells (iNKT) cells and Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells, which are distinguished from conventional T cells by their recognition of non-peptide ligands presented by non-polymorphic antigen presenting molecules and rapid effector functions that are pre-programmed during their development. Here we review current knowledge of the effect of age on unconventional T cells, from early life to old age, in both mice and humans. We then discuss the role of unconventional T cells in age-associated diseases and infections, highlighting the similarities between members of the unconventional T cell family in the context of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kurioka
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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5
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Ma L, Feng Y, Zhou Z. A close look at current γδ T-cell immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1140623. [PMID: 37063836 PMCID: PMC10102511 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1140623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to their antitumor and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent capacities, γδ T cells have gained popularity in adoptive T-cell immunotherapy in recent years. However, many unknowns still exist regarding γδ T cells, and few clinical data have been collected. Therefore, this review aims to describe all the main features of the applications of γδ T cells and provide a systematic view of current γδ T-cell immunotherapy. Specifically, this review will focus on how γδ T cells performed in treating cancers in clinics, on the γδ T-cell clinical trials that have been conducted to date, and the role of γδ T cells in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Research and Development Department, Beijing Dingchengtaiyuan (DCTY) Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Feng
- Research and Development Department, Beijing Dingchengtaiyuan (DCTY) Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zishan Zhou
- Research and Development Department, Beijing Dingchengtaiyuan (DCTY) Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zishan Zhou,
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6
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Molecular Markers of Blood Cell Populations Can Help Estimate Aging of the Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065708. [PMID: 36982782 PMCID: PMC10055688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of the immune system involves functional changes in individual cell populations, in hematopoietic tissues and at the systemic level. They are mediated by factors produced by circulating cells, niche cells, and at the systemic level. Age-related alterations in the microenvironment of the bone marrow and thymus cause a decrease in the production of naive immune cells and functional immunodeficiencies. Another result of aging and reduced tissue immune surveillance is the accumulation of senescent cells. Some viral infections deplete adaptive immune cells, increasing the risk of autoimmune and immunodeficiency conditions, leading to a general degradation in the specificity and effectiveness of the immune system in old age. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the state-of-the-art application of mass spectrometry, multichannel flow cytometry, and single-cell genetic analysis have provided vast data on the mechanisms of aging of the immune system. These data require systematic analysis and functional verification. In addition, the prediction of age-related complications is a priority task of modern medicine in the context of the increase in the aged population and the risk of premature death during epidemics. In this review, based on the latest data, we discuss the mechanisms of immune aging and highlight some cellular markers as indicators of age-related immune disbalance that increase the risk of senile diseases and infectious complications.
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7
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Mass Cytometry Reveals the Imbalanced Immune State in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Essential Hypertension. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:9915178. [PMID: 36891527 PMCID: PMC9988372 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9915178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence has confirmed that essential hypertension (EH) is closely related to low-grade inflammation, but there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the state of immune cells in the circulating blood of patients with EH. We analyzed whether hypertensive peripheral blood immune cell balance was destroyed. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of all subjects were analyzed using time-of-flight cytometry (CyTOF) based on 42 kinds of metal-binding antibodies. CD45+ cells were categorized into 32 kinds of subsets. Compared with the health control (HC) group, the percentage of total dendritic cells, two kinds of myeloid dendritic cell subsets, one intermediate/nonclassical monocyte subset and one CD4+ central memory T cell subset in the EH group, was significantly higher; the percentage of low-density neutrophils, four kinds of classical monocyte subsets, one CD14lowCD16- monocyte subset, one naive CD4+ and one naive CD8+ T cell subsets, one CD4+ effector and one CD4+ central memory T cell subsets, one CD8+ effector memory T cell subset, and one terminally differentiated γδ T cell subset, decreased significantly in EH. What is more, the expression of many important antigens was enhanced in CD45+ immune cells, granulocytes, and B cells in patients with EH. In conclusion, the altered number and antigen expression of immune cells reflect the imbalanced immune state of the peripheral blood in patients with EH.
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8
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Bhat J, Placek K, Faissner S. Contemplating Dichotomous Nature of Gamma Delta T Cells for Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894580. [PMID: 35669772 PMCID: PMC9163397 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are unconventional T cells, distinguished from αβ T cells in a number of functional properties. Being small in number compared to αβ T cells, γδ T cells have surprised us with their pleiotropic roles in various diseases. γδ T cells are ambiguous in nature as they can produce a number of cytokines depending on the (micro) environmental cues and engage different immune response mechanisms, mainly due to their epigenetic plasticity. Depending on the disease condition, γδ T cells contribute to beneficial or detrimental response. In this review, we thus discuss the dichotomous nature of γδ T cells in cancer, neuroimmunology and infectious diseases. We shed light on the importance of equal consideration for systems immunology and personalized approaches, as exemplified by changes in metabolic requirements. While providing the status of immunotherapy, we will assess the metabolic (and other) considerations for better outcome of γδ T cell-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaydeep Bhat
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jaydeep Bhat,
| | - Katarzyna Placek
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simon Faissner
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Bochum, Germany
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9
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Bernicke B, Engelbogen N, Klein K, Franzenburg J, Borzikowsky C, Peters C, Janssen O, Junker R, Serrano R, Kabelitz D. Analysis of the Seasonal Fluctuation of γδ T Cells and Its Potential Relation with Vitamin D3. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091460. [PMID: 35563767 PMCID: PMC9099506 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to its role in bone metabolism, vitamin D3 exerts immunomodulatory effects and has been proposed to contribute to seasonal variation of immune cells. This might be linked to higher vitamin D3 levels in summer than in winter due to differential sun exposure. γδ T cells comprise a numerically small subset of T cells in the blood, which contribute to anti-infective and antitumor immunity. We studied the seasonal fluctuation of γδ T cells, the possible influence of vitamin D3, and the effect of the active metabolite 1α,25(OH)2D3 on the in vitro activation of human γδ T cells. In a retrospective analysis with 2625 samples of random blood donors, we observed higher proportions of γδ T cells in winter when compared with summer. In a prospective study over one year with a small cohort of healthy adults who did or did not take oral vitamin D3 supplementation, higher proportions of γδ T cells were present in donors without oral vitamin D3 uptake, particularly in spring. However, γδ T cell frequency in blood did not directly correlate with serum levels of 25(OH)D3. The active metabolite 1α,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the in vitro activation of γδ T cells at the level of proliferation, cytotoxicity, and interferon-γ production. Our study reveals novel insights into the seasonal fluctuation of γδ T cells and the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birthe Bernicke
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (B.B.); (K.K.); (C.P.); (O.J.)
| | - Nils Engelbogen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.E.); (J.F.); (R.J.)
| | - Katharina Klein
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (B.B.); (K.K.); (C.P.); (O.J.)
| | - Jeanette Franzenburg
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.E.); (J.F.); (R.J.)
| | - Christoph Borzikowsky
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Statistics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Christian Peters
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (B.B.); (K.K.); (C.P.); (O.J.)
| | - Ottmar Janssen
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (B.B.); (K.K.); (C.P.); (O.J.)
| | - Ralf Junker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (N.E.); (J.F.); (R.J.)
| | - Ruben Serrano
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (B.B.); (K.K.); (C.P.); (O.J.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (B.B.); (K.K.); (C.P.); (O.J.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (D.K.)
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10
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Zang X, Chen S, Zhu J, Ma J, Zhai Y. The Emerging Role of Central and Peripheral Immune Systems in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:872134. [PMID: 35547626 PMCID: PMC9082639 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.872134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, it has been widely believed that the blood–brain barrier (BBB) provides an immune privileged environment in the central nervous system (CNS) by blocking peripheral immune cells and humoral immune factors. This view has been revised in recent years, with increasing evidence revealing that the peripheral immune system plays a critical role in regulating CNS homeostasis and disease. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive dysfunction and the loss of neurons in the CNS. An increasing number of studies have focused on the role of the connection between the peripheral immune system and the CNS in neurodegenerative diseases. On the one hand, peripherally released cytokines can cross the BBB, cause direct neurotoxicity and contribute to the activation of microglia and astrocytes. On the other hand, peripheral immune cells can also infiltrate the brain and participate in the progression of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases have a high morbidity and disability rate, yet there are no effective therapies to stop or reverse their progression. In recent years, neuroinflammation has received much attention as a therapeutic target for many neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we highlight the emerging role of the peripheral and central immune systems in neurodegenerative diseases, as well as their interactions. A better understanding of the emerging role of the immune systems may improve therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Neurology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - JunYao Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junwen Ma
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongzhen Zhai
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11
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Zhang H, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. Hallmarks of the aging T-cell system. FEBS J 2021; 288:7123-7142. [PMID: 33590946 PMCID: PMC8364928 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The adaptive immune system has the enormous challenge to protect the host through the generation and differentiation of pathogen-specific short-lived effector T cells while in parallel developing long-lived memory cells to control future encounters with the same pathogen. A complex regulatory network is needed to preserve a population of naïve cells over lifetime that exhibit sufficient diversity of antigen receptors to respond to new antigens, while also sustaining immune memory. In parallel, cells need to maintain their proliferative potential and the plasticity to differentiate into different functional lineages. Initial signs of waning immune competence emerge after 50 years of age, with increasing clinical relevance in the 7th-10th decade of life. Morbidity and mortality from infections increase, as drastically exemplified by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Many vaccines, such as for the influenza virus, are poorly effective to generate protective immunity in older individuals. Age-associated changes occur at the level of the T-cell population as well as the functionality of its cellular constituents. The system highly relies on the self-renewal of naïve and memory T cells, which is robust but eventually fails. Genetic and epigenetic modifications contribute to functional differences in responsiveness and differentiation potential. To some extent, these changes arise from defective maintenance; to some, they represent successful, but not universally beneficial adaptations to the aging host. Interventions that can compensate for the age-related defects and improve immune responses in older adults are increasingly within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Cornelia M. Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jörg J. Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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12
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Seki D, Mayer M, Hausmann B, Pjevac P, Giordano V, Goeral K, Unterasinger L, Klebermaß-Schrehof K, De Paepe K, Van de Wiele T, Spittler A, Kasprian G, Warth B, Berger A, Berry D, Wisgrill L. Aberrant gut-microbiota-immune-brain axis development in premature neonates with brain damage. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1558-1572.e6. [PMID: 34480872 PMCID: PMC8525911 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Premature infants are at substantial risk for suffering from perinatal white matter injury. Though the gut microbiota has been implicated in early-life development, a detailed understanding of the gut-microbiota-immune-brain axis in premature neonates is lacking. Here, we profiled the gut microbiota, immunological, and neurophysiological development of 60 extremely premature infants, which received standard hospital care including antibiotics and probiotics. We found that maturation of electrocortical activity is suppressed in infants with severe brain damage. This is accompanied by elevated γδ T cell levels and increased T cell secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and reduced secretion of neuroprotectants. Notably, Klebsiella overgrowth in the gut is highly predictive for brain damage and is associated with a pro-inflammatory immunological tone. These results suggest that aberrant development of the gut-microbiota-immune-brain axis may drive or exacerbate brain injury in extremely premature neonates and represents a promising target for novel intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Seki
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Margareta Mayer
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vito Giordano
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Goeral
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Unterasinger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Klebermaß-Schrehof
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kim De Paepe
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreas Spittler
- Core Facility Flow Cytometry & Department of Surgery, Research Lab, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Kasprian
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Warth
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lukas Wisgrill
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Galletti JG, de Paiva CS. The ocular surface immune system through the eyes of aging. Ocul Surf 2021; 20:139-162. [PMID: 33621658 PMCID: PMC8113112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the last century, advances in healthcare, housing, and education have led to an increase in life expectancy. Longevity is accompanied by a higher prevalence of age-related diseases, such as cancer, autoimmunity, diabetes, and infection, and part of this increase in disease incidence relates to the significant changes that aging brings about in the immune system. The eye is not spared by aging either, presenting with age-related disorders of its own, and interestingly, many of these diseases have immune pathophysiology. Being delicate organs that must be exposed to the environment in order to capture light, the eyes are endowed with a mucosal environment that protects them, the so-called ocular surface. As in other mucosal sites, immune responses at the ocular surface need to be swift and potent to eliminate threats but are at the same time tightly controlled to prevent excessive inflammation and bystander damage. This review will detail how aging affects the mucosal immune response of the ocular surface as a whole and how this process relates to the higher incidence of ocular surface disease in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias G Galletti
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine (IMEX), CONICET-National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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14
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Caron J, Ridgley LA, Bodman-Smith M. How to Train Your Dragon: Harnessing Gamma Delta T Cells Antiviral Functions and Trained Immunity in a Pandemic Era. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666983. [PMID: 33854516 PMCID: PMC8039298 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of viruses with pandemic potential such as the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causing COVID-19 poses a global health challenge. There is remarkable progress in vaccine technology in response to this threat, but their design often overlooks the innate arm of immunity. Gamma Delta (γδ) T cells are a subset of T cells with unique features that gives them a key role in the innate immune response to a variety of homeostatic alterations, from cancer to microbial infections. In the context of viral infection, a growing body of evidence shows that γδ T cells are particularly equipped for early virus detection, which triggers their subsequent activation, expansion and the fast deployment of antiviral functions such as direct cytotoxic pathways, secretion of cytokines, recruitment and activation of other immune cells and mobilization of a trained immunity memory program. As such, γδ T cells represent an attractive target to stimulate for a rapid and effective resolution of viral infections. Here, we review the known aspects of γδ T cells that make them crucial component of the immune response to viruses, and the ways that their antiviral potential can be harnessed to prevent or treat viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Caron
- Infection and Immunity Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Alice Ridgley
- Infection and Immunity Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Bodman-Smith
- Infection and Immunity Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Fattori S, Gorvel L, Granjeaud S, Rochigneux P, Rouvière MS, Ben Amara A, Boucherit N, Paul M, Dauplat MM, Thomassin-Piana J, Paciencia-Gros M, Avenin M, Pakradouni J, Barrou J, Charafe-Jauffret E, Houvenaeghel G, Lambaudie E, Bertucci F, Goncalves A, Tarpin C, Nunès JA, Devillier R, Chretien AS, Olive D. Quantification of Immune Variables from Liquid Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients Links Vδ2 + γδ T Cell Alterations with Lymph Node Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:441. [PMID: 33503843 PMCID: PMC7865589 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rationale for therapeutic targeting of Vδ2+ γδ T cells in breast cancer is strongly supported by in vitro and murine preclinical investigations, characterizing them as potent breast tumor cell killers and source of Th1-related cytokines, backing cytotoxic αβ T cells. Nonetheless, insights regarding Vδ2+ γδ T cell phenotypic alterations in human breast cancers are still lacking. This paucity of information is partly due to the challenging scarcity of these cells in surgical specimens. αβ T cell phenotypic alterations occurring in the tumor bed are detectable in the periphery and correlate with adverse clinical outcomes. Thus, we sought to determine through an exploratory study whether Vδ2+ γδ T cells phenotypic changes can be detected within breast cancer patients' peripheral blood, along with association with tumor progression. By using mass cytometry, we quantified 130 immune variables from untreated breast cancer patients' peripheral blood. Supervised analyses and dimensionality reduction algorithms evidenced circulating Vδ2+ γδ T cell phenotypic alterations already established at diagnosis. Foremost, terminally differentiated Vδ2+ γδ T cells displaying phenotypes of exhausted senescent T cells associated with lymph node involvement. Thereby, our results support Vδ2+ γδ T cells implication in breast cancer pathogenesis and progression, besides shedding light on liquid biopsies to monitor surrogate markers of tumor-infiltrating Vδ2+ γδ T cell antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Fattori
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Gorvel
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Samuel Granjeaud
- Systems Biology Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France;
| | - Philippe Rochigneux
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (F.B.); (A.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Marie-Sarah Rouvière
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Amira Ben Amara
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Boucherit
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Magali Paul
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Marie Mélanie Dauplat
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (M.M.D.); (J.T.-P.); (M.P.-G.); (M.A.); (E.C.-J.)
| | - Jeanne Thomassin-Piana
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (M.M.D.); (J.T.-P.); (M.P.-G.); (M.A.); (E.C.-J.)
| | - Maria Paciencia-Gros
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (M.M.D.); (J.T.-P.); (M.P.-G.); (M.A.); (E.C.-J.)
| | - Morgan Avenin
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (M.M.D.); (J.T.-P.); (M.P.-G.); (M.A.); (E.C.-J.)
| | - Jihane Pakradouni
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovations, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France;
| | - Julien Barrou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (J.B.); (G.H.); (E.L.)
| | - Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (M.M.D.); (J.T.-P.); (M.P.-G.); (M.A.); (E.C.-J.)
- Team Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix Marseille University, UM 105, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Houvenaeghel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (J.B.); (G.H.); (E.L.)
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix Marseille University, UM 105, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Eric Lambaudie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (J.B.); (G.H.); (E.L.)
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix Marseille University, UM 105, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - François Bertucci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (F.B.); (A.G.); (C.T.)
- Team Predictive Oncology, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Goncalves
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (F.B.); (A.G.); (C.T.)
- Team Predictive Oncology, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Carole Tarpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France; (F.B.); (A.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Jacques A. Nunès
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
| | - Raynier Devillier
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix Marseille University, UM 105, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Haematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Chretien
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix Marseille University, UM 105, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, 13009 Marseille, France; (S.F.); (L.G.); (P.R.); (M.-S.R.); (A.B.A.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (J.A.N.); (R.D.)
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix Marseille University, UM 105, 13005 Marseille, France
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16
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Rybtsova N, Berezina T, Kagansky A, Rybtsov S. Can Blood-Circulating Factors Unveil and Delay Your Biological Aging? Biomedicines 2020; 8:E615. [PMID: 33333870 PMCID: PMC7765271 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, the population of over 60 will double in the next 30 years in the developed countries, which will enforce a further raise of the retirement age and increase the burden on the healthcare system. Therefore, there is an acute issue of maintaining health and prolonging active working longevity, as well as implementation of early monitoring and prevention of premature aging and age-related disorders to avoid early disability. Traditional indicators of biological age are not always informative and often require extensive and expensive analysis. The study of blood factors is a simple and easily accessible way to assess individual health and supplement the traditional indicators of a person's biological age with new objective criteria. With age, the processes of growth and development, tissue regeneration and repair decline; they are gradually replaced by enhanced catabolism, inflammatory cell activity, and insulin resistance. The number of senescent cells supporting the inflammatory loop rises; cellular clearance by autophagy and mitophagy slows down, resulting in mitochondrial and cellular damage and dysfunction. Monitoring of circulated blood factors not only reflects these processes, but also allows suggesting medical intervention to prevent or decelerate the development of age-related diseases. We review the age-related blood factors discussed in recent publications, as well as approaches to slowing aging for healthy and active longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rybtsova
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
| | - Tatiana Berezina
- Department of Scientific Basis of Extreme Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, 127051 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander Kagansky
- Centre for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
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17
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Kabelitz D. Gamma Delta T Cells (γδ T Cells) in Health and Disease: In Memory of Professor Wendy Havran. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122564. [PMID: 33266147 PMCID: PMC7760329 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
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18
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Clark BL, Thomas PG. A Cell for the Ages: Human γδ T Cells across the Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8903. [PMID: 33255339 PMCID: PMC7727649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the human immune system is exacerbated by age-related changes to immune cell functionality. Many of these age-related effects remain undescribed or driven by mechanisms that are poorly understood. γδ T cells, while considered an adaptive subset based on immunological ontogeny, retain both innate-like and adaptive-like characteristics. This T cell population is small but mighty, and has been implicated in both homeostatic and disease-induced immunity within tissues and throughout the periphery. In this review, we outline what is known about the effect of age on human peripheral γδ T cells, and call attention to areas of the field where further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandi L. Clark
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Paul G. Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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19
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Carissimo G, Xu W, Kwok I, Abdad MY, Chan YH, Fong SW, Puan KJ, Lee CYP, Yeo NKW, Amrun SN, Chee RSL, How W, Chan S, Fan BE, Andiappan AK, Lee B, Rötzschke O, Young BE, Leo YS, Lye DC, Renia L, Ng LG, Larbi A, Ng LF. Whole blood immunophenotyping uncovers immature neutrophil-to-VD2 T-cell ratio as an early marker for severe COVID-19. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5243. [PMID: 33067472 PMCID: PMC7568554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the novel coronavirus responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. Severe complications are observed only in a small proportion of infected patients but the cellular mechanisms underlying this progression are still unknown. Comprehensive flow cytometry of whole blood samples from 54 COVID-19 patients reveals a dramatic increase in the number of immature neutrophils. This increase strongly correlates with disease severity and is associated with elevated IL-6 and IP-10 levels, two key players in the cytokine storm. The most pronounced decrease in cell counts is observed for CD8 T-cells and VD2 γδ T-cells, which both exhibit increased differentiation and activation. ROC analysis reveals that the count ratio of immature neutrophils to VD2 (or CD8) T-cells predicts pneumonia onset (0.9071) as well as hypoxia onset (0.8908) with high sensitivity and specificity. It would thus be a useful prognostic marker for preventive patient management and improved healthcare resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Carissimo
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore.
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore.
| | - Weili Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Yazid Abdad
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308442, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi-Hao Chan
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Siew-Wai Fong
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117543
| | - Kia Joo Puan
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Yi-Pin Lee
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Kim-Wah Yeo
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Siti Naqiah Amrun
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Rhonda Sin-Ling Chee
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Wilson How
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Stephrene Chan
- Department of Haematology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bingwen Eugene Fan
- Department of Haematology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anand Kumar Andiappan
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Olaf Rötzschke
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Barnaby Edward Young
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308442, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-Sin Leo
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308442, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Chien Lye
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases, 16 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308442, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, 308433, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laurent Renia
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Lisa Fp Ng
- Infectious Disease Horizontal Technology Center, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore.
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Immunos, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117596, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, 8 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 3EA, UK.
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Pereira B, Xu XN, Akbar AN. Targeting Inflammation and Immunosenescence to Improve Vaccine Responses in the Elderly. Front Immunol 2020; 11:583019. [PMID: 33178213 PMCID: PMC7592394 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most appreciated consequences of immunosenescence is an impaired response to vaccines with advanced age. While most studies report impaired antibody responses in older adults as a correlate of vaccine efficacy, it is now widely appreciated that this may fail to identify important changes occurring in the immune system with age that may affect vaccine efficacy. The impact of immunosenescence on vaccination goes beyond the defects on antibody responses as T cell-mediated responses are reshaped during aging and certainly affect vaccination. Likewise, age-related changes in the innate immune system may have important consequences on antigen presentation and priming of adaptive immune responses. Importantly, a low-level chronic inflammatory status known as inflammaging has been shown to inhibit immune responses to vaccination and pharmacological strategies aiming at blocking baseline inflammation can be potentially used to boost vaccine responses. Yet current strategies aiming at improving immunogenicity in the elderly have mainly focused on the use of adjuvants to promote local inflammation. More research is needed to understand the role of inflammation in vaccine responses and to reconcile these seemingly paradoxical observations. Alternative approaches to improve vaccine responses in the elderly include the use of higher vaccine doses or alternative routes of vaccination showing only limited benefits. This review will explore novel targets and potential new strategies for enhancing vaccine responses in older adults, including the use of anti-inflammatory drugs and immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branca Pereira
- HIV/GUM Directorate, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Ning Xu
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arne N Akbar
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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