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Rukhsana, Supty AT, Hussain M, Lee Y. STK3 higher expression association with clinical characteristics in intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer invasive ductal carcinoma patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 206:119-129. [PMID: 38592540 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE STK3 has a central role in maintaining cell homeostasis, proliferation, growth, and apoptosis. Previously, we investigated the functional link between STK3/MST2, and estrogen receptor in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. To expand the investigation, this study evaluated STK3's higher expression and associated genes in breast cancer intrinsic subtypes using publicly available data. METHODS The relationship between clinical pathologic features and STK3 high expression was analyzed using descriptive and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Increased STK3 expression in breast cancer was significantly associated with higher pathological cancer stages, and a different expression level was observed in the intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that breast cancer with high STK3 had a lower survival rate in IDC patients than that with low STK3 expression (p < 0.05). The multivariate analysis unveiled a strong correlation between STK3 expression and the survival rate among IDC patients, demonstrating hazard ratios for lower expression. In the TCGA dataset, the hazard ratio was 0.56 (95% CI 0.34-0.94, p = 0.029) for patients deceased with tumor, and 0.62 (95% CI 0.42-0.92, p = 0.017) for all deceased patients. Additionally, in the METABRIC dataset, the hazard ratio was 0.76 (95% CI 0.64-0.91, p = 0.003) for those deceased with tumor. From GSEA outcomes 7 gene sets were selected based on statistical significance (FDR < 0.25 and p < 0.05). Weighted Sum model (WSM) derived top 5% genes also have higher expression in basal and lower in luminal A in association with STK3. CONCLUSION By introducing a novel bioinformatics approach that combines GSEA and WSM, the study successfully identified the top 5% of genes associated with higher expression of STK3.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Female
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Serine-Threonine Kinase 3/analysis
- Serine-Threonine Kinase 3/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsana
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, 209-Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, 05006, Seoul, Korea
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Afia Tasnim Supty
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, 209-Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, 05006, Seoul, Korea
| | - Maqbool Hussain
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK.
| | - YoungJoo Lee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, 209-Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, 05006, Seoul, Korea.
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Zhao Y, Sun B, Fu X, Zuo Z, Qin H, Yao K. YAP in development and disease: Navigating the regulatory landscape from retina to brain. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116703. [PMID: 38713948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The distinctive role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the nervous system has attracted widespread attention. This comprehensive review strategically uses the retina as a vantage point, embarking on an extensive exploration of YAP's multifaceted impact from the retina to the brain in development and pathology. Initially, we explore the crucial roles of YAP in embryonic and cerebral development. Our focus then shifts to retinal development, examining in detail YAP's regulatory influence on the development of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), and its significant effects on the hierarchical structure and functionality of the retina. We also investigate the essential contributions of YAP in maintaining retinal homeostasis, highlighting its precise regulation of retinal cell proliferation and survival. In terms of retinal-related diseases, we explore the epigenetic connections and pathophysiological regulation of YAP in diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Lastly, we broaden our exploration from the retina to the brain, emphasizing the research paradigm of "retina: a window to the brain." Special focus is given to the emerging studies on YAP in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), underlining its potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative disorders and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhao
- Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xuefei Fu
- Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhuan Zuo
- Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Huan Qin
- Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Kai Yao
- Institute of Visual Neuroscience and Stem Cell Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China; College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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3
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Sahu MR, Ahmad MH, Mondal AC. MST1 selective inhibitor Xmu-mp-1 ameliorates neuropathological changes in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's Disease by modulating Hippo-Wnt signaling crosstalk. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01975-0. [PMID: 38760516 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment accompanied by aberrant neuronal apoptosis. Reports suggest that the pro-apoptotic mammalian set20-like kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) instigates neuronal apoptosis via activating the Hippo signaling pathway under various stress conditions, including AD. However, whether inhibiting MST1/2 has any therapeutic benefits in AD remains unknown. Thus, we tested the therapeutic effects of intervening MST1/2 activation via the pharmacological inhibitor Xmu-mp-1 in a sporadic AD rat model. Sporadic AD was established in adult rats by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) injection (3 mg/kg body weight). Xmu-mp-1 (0.5 mg/kg/body weight) was administered once every 48 h for two weeks, and Donepezil (5 mg/kg body weight) was used as a reference standard drug. The therapeutic effects of Xmu-mp-1 on ICV-STZ rats were determined through various behavioral, biochemical, histopathological, and molecular tests. At the behavioral level, Xmu-mp-1 improved cognitive deficits in sporadic AD rats. Further, Xmu-mp-1 treatment reduced STZ-associated tau phosphorylation, amyloid-beta deposition, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, and neurodegeneration. Mechanistically, Xmu-mp-1 exerted these neuroprotective actions by inactivating the Hippo signaling while potentiating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling in the AD rats. Together, the results of the present study provide compelling support that Xmu-mp-1 negated the neuronal dysregulation in the rat model of sporadic AD. Therefore, inhibiting MST/Hippo signaling and modulating its crosstalk with the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway can be a promising alternative treatment strategy against AD pathology. This is the first study providing novel mechanistic insights into the therapeutic use of Xmu-mp-1 in sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Mir Hilal Ahmad
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Xu Y, Qu M, He Y, He Q, Shen T, Luo J, Tan D, Bao H, Xu C, Ji X, Hu X, Barkat MQ, Zeng LH, Wu X. Smurf1 polyubiquitinates on K285/K282 of the kinases Mst1/2 to attenuate their tumor-suppressor functions. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105395. [PMID: 37890777 PMCID: PMC10696403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sterile 20-like kinases Mst1 and Mst2 (Mst1/2) and large tumor suppressor 1/2 are core kinases to mediate Hippo signaling in maintaining tissue homeostasis. We have previously demonstrated that Smad ubiquitin (Ub) regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1), a HECT-type E3 ligase, ubiquitinates and in turn destabilizes large tumor suppressor 1/2 to induce the transcriptional output of Hippo signaling. Here, we unexpectedly find that Smurf1 interacts with and polyubiquitinates Mst1/2 by virtue of K27- and K29-linked Ub chains, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of Mst1/2 and attenuation of their tumor-suppressor functions. Among the potential Ub acceptor sites on Mst1/2, K285/K282 are conserved and essential for Smurf1-induced polyubiquitination and degradation of Mst1/2 as well as transcriptional output of Hippo signaling. As a result, K285R/K282R mutation of Mst1/2 not only negates the transcriptional output of Hippo signaling but enhances the tumor-suppressor functions of Mst1/2. Together, we demonstrate that Smurf1-mediated polyubiquitination on K285/K282 of Mst1/2 destabilizes Mst1/2 to attenuate their tumor-suppressor functions. Thus, the present study identifies Smurf1-mediated ubiquitination of Mst1/2 as a hitherto uncharacterized mechanism fine-tuning the Hippo signaling pathway and may provide additional targets for therapeutic intervention of diseases associated with this important pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangxun He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiangqiang He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangyang Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Affiliated Second Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Barkat
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Huang ZL, Abdallah AS, Shen GX, Suarez M, Feng P, Yu YJ, Wang Y, Zheng SH, Hu YJ, Xiao X, Liu Y, Liu SR, Chen ZP, Li XN, Xia YF. Silencing GMPPB Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of GBM via Hippo/MMP3 Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14707. [PMID: 37834154 PMCID: PMC10572784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive malignancy and represents the most common brain tumor in adults. To better understand its biology for new and effective therapies, we examined the role of GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase B (GMPPB), a key unit of the GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GDP-MP) that catalyzes the formation of GDP-mannose. Impaired GMPPB function will reduce the amount of GDP-mannose available for O-mannosylation. Abnormal O-mannosylation of alpha dystroglycan (α-DG) has been reported to be involved in cancer metastasis and arenavirus entry. Here, we found that GMPPB is highly expressed in a panel of GBM cell lines and clinical samples and that expression of GMPPB is positively correlated with the WHO grade of gliomas. Additionally, expression of GMPPB was negatively correlated with the prognosis of GBM patients. We demonstrate that silencing GMPPB inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo and that overexpression of GMPPB exhibits the opposite effects. Consequently, targeting GMPPB in GBM cells results in impaired GBM tumor growth and invasion. Finally, we identify that the Hippo/MMP3 axis is essential for GMPPB-promoted GBM aggressiveness. These findings indicate that GMPPB represents a potential novel target for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.S.A.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Aalaa Sanad Abdallah
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.S.A.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Guang-Xin Shen
- Foshan Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 528031, China;
| | - Milagros Suarez
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.S.A.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan-Jiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.-J.Y.); (Z.-P.C.)
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuo-Han Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yu-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Song-Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China;
| | - Zhong-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.-J.Y.); (Z.-P.C.)
| | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Program of Precision Medicine PDOX Modeling of Pediatric Tumors, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.S.A.); (M.S.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yun-Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China or (Z.-L.H.); (P.F.); (Y.W.); (S.-H.Z.); (Y.-J.H.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
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Kizawa R, Araya J, Fujita Y. Divergent roles of the Hippo pathway in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: tissue homeostasis and fibrosis. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:45. [PMID: 37735707 PMCID: PMC10512581 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive aging-related lung disease with a poor prognosis. Despite extensive research, the cause of IPF remains largely unknown and treatment strategies are limited. Proposed mechanisms of the pathogenesis of IPF are a combination of excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix and dysfunctional lung tissue regeneration. Epithelial cell dysfunction, in addition to fibroblast activation, is considered a key process in the progression of IPF. Epithelial cells normally maintain homeostasis of the lung tissue through regulated proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and cellular senescence. However, various stresses can cause repetitive damage to lung epithelial cells, leading to dysfunctional regeneration and acquisition of profibrotic functions. The Hippo pathway is a central signaling pathway that maintains tissue homeostasis and plays an essential role in fundamental biological processes. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway has been implicated in various diseases, including IPF. However, the role of the Hippo pathway in the pathogenesis of IPF remains unclear, particularly given the pathway's opposing effects on the 2 key pathogenic mechanisms of IPF: epithelial cell dysfunction and fibroblast activation. A deeper understanding of the relationship between the Hippo pathway and the pathogenesis of IPF will pave the way for novel Hippo-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Kizawa
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
- Division of Next-Generation Drug Development, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yu Fujita
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
- Division of Next-Generation Drug Development, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Gao Y, Wang H, Fu G, Feng Y, Wu W, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wang S. DNA methylation analysis reveals the effect of arsenic on gestational diabetes mellitus. Genomics 2023; 115:110674. [PMID: 37392895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic (As) exposure is one of the risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to explore the effect of As-exposure on DNA methylation in GDM and to establish a risk assessment model of GDM in As exposed pregnant women. METHOD We collected elbow vein blood of pregnant women before delivery to measure As concentration and DNA methylation data. Then compared the DNA methylation data and established a nomogram. RESULT We identified a total of 10 key differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) and found 6 corresponding genes. Functions were enriched in Hippo signaling pathway, cell tight junction, prophetic acid metabolism, ketone body metabolic process, and antigen processing and presentation. A nomogram was established that can predict GDM risks (c-index = 0.595, s:p = 0.973). CONCLUSION We found 6 genes associated with GDM with high As exposure. The prediction of the nomograms has been proven to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Gan Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yongliang Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hailan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Qiu J, Xiong J, Jiang L, Wang X, Zhang K, Yu H. Molecular mechanisms involved in regulating protein activity and biological function of MST3. Cell Div 2023; 18:8. [PMID: 37202821 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-023-00090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian sterile 20-like (Ste20-like) protein kinase 3 (MST3) or serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 (STK24) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that belongs to the mammalian STE20-like protein kinase family. MST3 is a pleiotropic protein that plays a critical role in regulating a variety of events, including apoptosis, immune response, metabolism, hypertension, tumor progression, and development of the central nervous system. The MST3-mediated regulation is intricately related to protein activity, post-translational modification, and subcellular location. Here, we review the recent progress on the regulatory mechanisms against MST3 and its-mediated control of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junzhi Xiong
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinmin Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Yin Y, Tan M, Han L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Pan W, Bai J, Jiang T, Li H. The hippo kinases MST1/2 in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: A promising therapeutic target option for pharmacotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1956-1975. [PMID: 37250161 PMCID: PMC10213817 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic disorders are major components of noncommunicable diseases, causing an enormous health and economic burden worldwide. There are common risk factors and developmental mechanisms among them, indicating the far-reaching significance in exploring the corresponding therapeutic targets. MST1/2 kinases are well-established proapoptotic effectors that also bidirectionally regulate autophagic activity. Recent studies have demonstrated that MST1/2 influence the outcome of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases by regulating immune inflammation. In addition, drug development against them is in full swing. In this review, we mainly describe the roles and mechanisms of MST1/2 in apoptosis and autophagy in cardiovascular and metabolic events as well as emphasis on the existing evidence for their involvement in immune inflammation. Moreover, we summarize the latest progress of pharmacotherapy targeting MST1/2 and propose a new mode of drug combination therapy, which may be beneficial to seek more effective strategies to prevent and treat CVDs and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lianhua Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wanqian Pan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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10
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Messelodi D, Strocchi S, Bertuccio SN, Baden P, Indio V, Giorgi FM, Taddia A, Serravalle S, Valente S, di Fonzo A, Frattini E, Bernardoni R, Pession A, Grifoni D, Deleidi M, Astolfi A, Pession A. Neuronopathic Gaucher disease models reveal defects in cell growth promoted by Hippo pathway activation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:431. [PMID: 37076591 PMCID: PMC10115838 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher Disease (GD), the most common lysosomal disorder, arises from mutations in the GBA1 gene and is characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypes, ranging from mild hematological and visceral involvement to severe neurological disease. Neuronopathic patients display dramatic neuronal loss and increased neuroinflammation, whose molecular basis are still unclear. Using a combination of Drosophila dGBA1b loss-of-function models and GD patient-derived iPSCs differentiated towards neuronal precursors and mature neurons we showed that different GD- tissues and neuronal cells display an impairment of growth mechanisms with an increased cell death and reduced proliferation. These phenotypes are coupled with the downregulation of several Hippo transcriptional targets, mainly involved in cells and tissue growth, and YAP exclusion from nuclei. Interestingly, Hippo knock-down in the GBA-KO flies rescues the proliferative defect, suggesting that targeting the Hippo pathway can be a promising therapeutic approach to neuronopathic GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Messelodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Strocchi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Pascale Baden
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Hertie Institut for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Valentina Indio
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Taddia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salvatore Serravalle
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio di Fonzo
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Frattini
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Bernardoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences (MeSVA), University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Michela Deleidi
- Hertie Institut for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR1163, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Verma AK, Singh S, Rizvi SI. Therapeutic potential of melatonin and its derivatives in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Biogerontology 2023; 24:183-206. [PMID: 36550377 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with increasing impairments in brain homeostasis and represents the main risk factor across most neurodegenerative disorders. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone that regulates mammalian chronobiology and endocrine functions is well known for its antioxidant potential, exhibiting both cytoprotective and chronobiotic abilities. Age-related decline of melatonin disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis and cytosolic DNA-mediated inflammatory reactions in neurons is a major contributory factor in the emergence of neurological abnormalities. There is scattered literature on the possible use of melatonin against neurodegenerative mechanisms in the aging process and its associated diseases. We have searched PUBMED with many combinations of key words for available literature spanning two decades. Based on the vast number of experimental papers, we hereby review recent advancements concerning the potential impact of melatonin on cellular redox balance and mitochondrial dynamics in the context of neurodegeneration. Next, we discuss a broader explanation of the involvement of disrupted redox homeostasis in the pathophysiology of age-related diseases and its connection to circadian mechanisms. Our effort may result in the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. Finally, we summarize the current knowledge on molecular and circadian regulatory mechanisms of melatonin to overcome neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, however, these findings need to be confirmed by larger, well-designed clinical trials. This review is also expected to uncover the associated molecular alterations in the aging brain and explain how melatonin-mediated circadian restoration of neuronal homeodynamics may increase healthy lifespan in age-related NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnish Kumar Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Hadassah Medical Center - Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India.
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12
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Rai U, Senapati D, Arora MK. Insights on the role of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents in the amelioration of diabetes. Diabetol Int 2023; 14:134-144. [PMID: 37090130 PMCID: PMC10113422 DOI: 10.1007/s13340-022-00607-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major health problem worldwide. It is a chronic metabolic disorder that produces overt hyperglycemic condition that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin due to excessive destruction of pancreatic β-cells (type 1 diabetes) or due to development of insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes). An autoimmune condition known as type 1 diabetes (T1D) results in the targeted immune death of β-cells that produce insulin. The only available treatment for T1D at the moment is the lifelong use of insulin. Multiple islet autoantibody positivity is used to diagnose T1D. There are four standard autoantibodies observed whose presence shows the development of T1D: antibodies against insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), zinc T8 transporter (ZnT8), and tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (ICA512). In type 2 diabetes (T2D), an inflammatory response precipitates as a consequence of the immune response to high blood glucose level along with the presence of inflammation mediators produced by macrophages and adipocytes in fat tissue. The slow and chronic inflammatory condition of adipose tissue produces insulin resistance leading to increased stress on pancreatic β-cells to produce more insulin to compensate for the insulin resistance. Thus, this stress condition exacerbates the apoptosis of β-cells leading to insufficient production of insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia which signifies late stage T2D. Therefore, the therapeutic utilization of immunosuppressive agents may be a better alternative over the use of insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of T1D and T2D, respectively. This review enlightens the immune intervention for the prevention and amelioration of T1D and T2D in humans with main focus on the antigen-specific immune suppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddipak Rai
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, 248009, Dehradun, Uttarakhand India
| | - Dhirodatta Senapati
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, 248009, Dehradun, Uttarakhand India
| | - Mandeep Kumar Arora
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, 248009, Dehradun, Uttarakhand India
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13
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Wang T, Wang Z, Qi W, Jiang G, Wang G. Possible Future Avenues for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutics: Hippo Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1283-1296. [PMID: 36998323 PMCID: PMC10045326 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s403925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent systemic autoimmune disease with the hallmarks of swelling of the joint, joint tenderness, and progressive joint destruction, which may cause synovial inflammation and pannus as a basic pathological change, resulting in joint malformations and serious disorders. At present, the precise etiology and mechanism of pathogenesis of RA are unknown. The imbalance of immune homeostasis is the origin of RA. Hippo pathway is widely expressed in a range of cell lineages and plays a fundamental role in maintaining the immune steady state and may be involved in the pathogenic mechanism of RA. This study reviews the progress of Hippo pathway and its main members in the pathogenesis of RA from three aspects: regulating the maintenance of autoimmune homeostasis, promoting the pathogenicity of synovial fibroblasts and regulating the differentiation of osteoclasts. The study also presents a new way to recognize the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, which is favorable for finding a new way for treating the rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhandong Wang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Qi
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ganggang Jiang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730020, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Gang Wang, Email
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14
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Mookherjee T, Bagchi A, Ghosh R. In-silico studies to analyse the possible interactions of CircPPP1R12A translated peptide with Mst proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Clark KL, George JW, Przygrodzka E, Plewes MR, Hua G, Wang C, Davis JS. Hippo Signaling in the Ovary: Emerging Roles in Development, Fertility, and Disease. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:1074-1096. [PMID: 35596657 PMCID: PMC9695108 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Emerging studies indicate that the Hippo pathway, a highly conserved pathway that regulates organ size control, plays an important role in governing ovarian physiology, fertility, and pathology. Specific to the ovary, the spatiotemporal expression of the major components of the Hippo signaling cascade are observed throughout the reproductive lifespan. Observations from multiple species begin to elucidate the functional diversity and molecular mechanisms of Hippo signaling in the ovary in addition to the identification of interactions with other signaling pathways and responses to various external stimuli. Hippo pathway components play important roles in follicle growth and activation, as well as steroidogenesis, by regulating several key biological processes through mechanisms of cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and cell fate determination. Given the importance of these processes, dysregulation of the Hippo pathway contributes to loss of follicular homeostasis and reproductive disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency, and ovarian cancers. This review highlights what is currently known about the Hippo pathway core components in ovarian physiology, including ovarian development, follicle development, and oocyte maturation, while identifying areas for future research to better understand Hippo signaling as a multifunctional pathway in reproductive health and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L Clark
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Jitu W George
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Emilia Przygrodzka
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Michele R Plewes
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Guohua Hua
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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16
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Recent Progress in Research on Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products against Alzheimer's Disease: Dietary Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213886. [PMID: 36430365 PMCID: PMC9695301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable degenerative disease of the central nervous system and the most common type of dementia in the elderly. Despite years of extensive research efforts, our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of AD is still highly limited. Nevertheless, several hypotheses related to risk factors for AD have been proposed. Moreover, plant-derived dietary polyphenols were also shown to exert protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects of the most well-known plant-derived dietary polyphenols on several AD-related molecular mechanisms, such as amelioration of oxidative stress injury, inhibition of aberrant glial cell activation to alleviate neuroinflammation, inhibition of the generation and promotion of the clearance of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme activity, and increase in acetylcholine levels in the brain. We also discuss the issue of bioavailability and the potential for improvement in this regard. This review is expected to encourage further research on the role of natural dietary plant polyphenols in the treatment of AD.
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17
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Romano D, García-Gutiérrez L, Aboud N, Duffy DJ, Flaherty KT, Frederick DT, Kolch W, Matallanas D. Proteasomal down-regulation of the proapoptotic MST2 pathway contributes to BRAF inhibitor resistance in melanoma. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/10/e202201445. [PMID: 36038253 PMCID: PMC9434705 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of MST2 pathway protein expression in BRAF inhibitor resistant melanoma cells is due to ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation and prevents MST2-mediated apoptosis. The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway is hyperactivated in most malignant melanomas, and mutations in BRAF or NRAS account for most of these cases. BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) are highly efficient for treating patients with BRAFV600E mutations, but tumours frequently acquire resistance within a few months. Multiple resistance mechanisms have been identified, due to mutations or network adaptations that revive ERK signalling. We have previously shown that RAF proteins inhibit the MST2 proapoptotic pathway in a kinase-independent fashion. Here, we have investigated the role of the MST2 pathway in mediating resistance to BRAFi. We show that the BRAFV600E mutant protein, but not the wild-type BRAF protein, binds to MST2 inhibiting its proapoptotic signalling. Down-regulation of MST2 reduces BRAFi-induced apoptosis. In BRAFi-resistant cell lines, MST2 pathway proteins are down-regulated by ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation rendering cells refractory to MST2 pathway–induced apoptosis. Restoration of apoptosis can be achieved by increasing MST2 pathway protein expression using proteasome inhibitors. In summary, we show that the MST2 pathway plays a role in the acquisition of BRAFi resistance in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Romano
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Nourhan Aboud
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J Duffy
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Biology/Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland .,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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García-Gutiérrez L, Fallahi E, Aboud N, Quinn N, Matallanas D. Interaction of LATS1 with SMAC links the MST2/Hippo pathway with apoptosis in an IAP-dependent manner. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:692. [PMID: 35941108 PMCID: PMC9360443 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic malignant melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer, and it is characterised by its high resistance to apoptosis. The main melanoma driving mutations are part of ERK pathway, with BRAF mutations being the most frequent ones, followed by NRAS, NF1 and MEK mutations. Increasing evidence shows that the MST2/Hippo pathway is also deregulated in melanoma. While mutations are rare, MST2/Hippo pathway core proteins expression levels are often dysregulated in melanoma. The expression of the tumour suppressor RASSF1A, a bona fide activator of the MST2 pathway, is silenced by promoter methylation in over half of melanomas and correlates with poor prognosis. Here, using mass spectrometry-based interaction proteomics we identified the Second Mitochondria-derived Activator of Caspases (SMAC) as a novel LATS1 interactor. We show that RASSF1A-dependent activation of the MST2 pathway promotes LATS1-SMAC interaction and negatively regulates the antiapoptotic signal mediated by the members of the IAP family. Moreover, proteomic experiments identified a common cluster of apoptotic regulators that bind to SMAC and LATS1. Mechanistic analysis shows that the LATS1-SMAC complex promotes XIAP ubiquitination and its subsequent degradation which ultimately results in apoptosis. Importantly, we show that the oncogenic BRAFV600E mutant prevents the proapoptotic signal mediated by the LATS1-SMAC complex while treatment of melanoma cell lines with BRAF inhibitors promotes the formation of this complex, indicating that inhibition of the LATS1-SMAC might be necessary for BRAFV600E-driven melanoma. Finally, we show that LATS1-SMAC interaction is regulated by the SMAC mimetic Birinapant, which requires C-IAP1 inhibition and the degradation of XIAP, suggesting that the MST2 pathway is part of the mechanism of action of Birinapant. Overall, the current work shows that SMAC-dependent apoptosis is regulated by the LATS1 tumour suppressor and supports the idea that LATS1 is a signalling hub that regulates the crosstalk between the MST2 pathway, the apoptotic network and the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía García-Gutiérrez
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Emma Fallahi
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Nourhan Aboud
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Niall Quinn
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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19
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Tang P, Liu D, Wu Z, Cui H, Zhang R, Kuang Z. Inhibitory Effects and Mechanism of the Natural Compound Diaporthein B Extracted from Marine-Derived Fungi on Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:2944. [PMID: 35566295 PMCID: PMC9101636 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanism of diaporthein B (DTB), a natural compound extracted from the fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum GZU-XW03-2, on human colon cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of DTB at different concentrations on the proliferation of colon cancer cells HCT116 and LOVO was detected at 24 and 48 h. The effect of cell migration and clone formation ability were detected by cell scratch and plate cloning experiments. Morphological changes were observed by Hoechst 33342 and Annexin-V/PI staining, and flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of apoptotic cells. DTB significantly inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner without significant effects on normal colonic epithelial cells NCM460. The IC50 inhibition effect can be achieved after treatment with 3 μmol/L DTB for 24 h. Compared with the blank group, the migration and clonal-forming ability of colon cancer cells in the DTB group was significantly decreased (p < 0.01), while the apoptotic cells were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in a concentration-dependent manner. DTB can inhibit the proliferation and migration of human colon cancer cells HCT116 and LOVO and promote the apoptosis of human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihua Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (P.T.); (D.L.); (Z.W.)
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (P.T.); (D.L.); (Z.W.)
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zheli Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (P.T.); (D.L.); (Z.W.)
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Ren Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (P.T.); (D.L.); (Z.W.)
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zaoyuan Kuang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (P.T.); (D.L.); (Z.W.)
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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20
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Wang H, Shang Y, Wang E, Xu X, Zhang Q, Qian C, Yang Z, Wu S, Zhang T. MST1 mediates neuronal loss and cognitive deficits: A novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 214:102280. [PMID: 35525373 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the old adult and characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neuronal damage. The mammalian Ste20-like kinase1/2 (MST1/2) is a core component in Hippo signaling, which regulates neural stem cell proliferation, neuronal death and neuroinflammation. However, whether MST1/2 is involved in the occurrence and development of AD remains unknown. In this study we reported that the activity of MST1 was increased with Aβ accumulation in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice. Overexpression of MST1 induced AD-like phenotype in normal mice and accelerated cognitive decline, synaptic plasticity damage and neuronal apoptosis in 2-month-old 5xFAD mice, but did not significantly affect Aβ levels. Mechanistically, MST1 associated with p53 and promoted neuronal apoptosis by phosphorylation and activation of p53, while p53 knockout largely reversed MST1-induced AD-like cognitive deficits. Importantly, either genetic knockdown or chemical inactivation of MST1 could significantly improve cognitive deficits and neuronal apoptosis in 7-month-old 5xFAD mice. Our results support the idea that MST1-mediated neuronal apoptosis is an essential mechanism of cognitive deficits and neuronal loss for AD, and manipulating the MST1 activity as a potential strategy will shed light on clinical treatment for AD or other diseases caused by neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Yingchun Shang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Enlin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Xinxin Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Qiyue Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Chenxi Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Zhuo Yang
- School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Shian Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, PR China.
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21
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D’Angiolini S, Chiricosta L, Mazzon E. Sphingolipid Metabolism as a New Predictive Target Correlated with Aging and AD: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58040493. [PMID: 35454332 PMCID: PMC9025366 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by memory loss and executive dysfunction. To date, no markers can effectively predict the onset of AD and an early diagnosis is increasingly necessary. Age represents an important risk factor for the disease but it is not known whether it is the trigger event. Materials and Methods: We downloaded transcriptomic data related to post-mortem brain of thirty samples gathered as young without AD (Young), old without AD (Old), and old suffering from AD (OAD) groups. Results: Our results showed that steroid biosynthesis was enriched and associated with aging, while sphingolipid metabolism was related to both aging and AD. Specifically, sphingolipid metabolism is involved in the deregulation of CERS2, UGT8, and PLPP2. These genes are downregulated in Young and Old groups as compared with upregulated between Old and OAD groups. Moreover, the analysis of the interaction networks revealed that GABAergic synapse and Hippo signaling pathways were altered in AD condition along with mitochondrial metabolism and RNA processing. Conclusions: Observing the particular trend of genes related to sphingolipid metabolism that are downregulated during normal aging and start to be upregulated with the onset of AD, we suppose that sphingolipids could be early markers for the disease.
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22
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Kilanowska A, Ziółkowska A. Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetes: Can It Be Prevented? Hippo Pathway Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:636. [PMID: 35054822 PMCID: PMC8775644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disease of complex etiology and pathogenesis. Hyperglycemia leads to many serious complications, but also directly initiates the process of β cell apoptosis. A potential strategy for the preservation of pancreatic β cells in diabetes may be to inhibit the implementation of pro-apoptotic pathways or to enhance the action of pancreatic protective factors. The Hippo signaling pathway is proposed and selected as a target to manipulate the activity of its core proteins in therapy-basic research. MST1 and LATS2, as major upstream signaling kinases of the Hippo pathway, are considered as target candidates for pharmacologically induced tissue regeneration and inhibition of apoptosis. Manipulating the activity of components of the Hippo pathway offers a wide range of possibilities, and thus is a potential tool in the treatment of diabetes and the regeneration of β cells. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the processes involved in apoptosis in diabetic states and completely characterize the role of this pathway in diabetes. Therapy consisting of slowing down or stopping the mechanisms of apoptosis may be an important direction of diabetes treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kilanowska
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zyty 28, 65-001 Zielona Gora, Poland;
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23
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Pei T, Luo B, Huang W, Liu D, Li Y, Xiao L, Huang X, Ouyang Y, Zhu H. Increased Expression of YAP Inhibited the Autophagy Level by Upregulating mTOR Signal in the Eutopic ESCs of Endometriosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:813165. [PMID: 35173685 PMCID: PMC8842667 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.813165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We first reported that the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis (EMS). Autophagy is also related to the invasion ability of endometrial cells and is involved in the pathogenesis of EMS through multi-levels. However, the precise regulatory mechanism of YAP on autophagy in the eutopic endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) is still unclear. Primary eutopic ESCs of EMS patients (n = 12) and control patients without EMS (n = 9) were isolated and cultured to investigate the expressions of YAP and mTOR, the role of YAP in autophagy, and the effect of the YAP-autophagy signal on the decidualization of the eutopic ESCs. Endometriosis-related sequencing data (GSE51981) in the GEO database were used to find the genes significantly correlated with YAP. We found 155 genes with significant differences in the interaction with YAP in EMS from the dataset, and the autophagy pathway was significantly enriched. Following on from our previous studies of YAP knockdown, overexpression of YAP resulted in an increased expression of mTOR and decreased ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and autophagy markers, in the eutopic ESCs; transmission electron microscope observation also showed fewer autophagosomes compared with the control cells. Furthermore, ESCs of the Rapamycin-treated group showed significant decidual-like changes with significantly increased decidual prolactin level at 72 h after in vitro decidualization. These results demonstrate that the increased YAP inhibited the level of autophagy by upregulating the mTOR signal in the eutopic ESCs of endometriosis. The YAP-autophagy signal plays an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis-associated infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Pei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujing Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunwei Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Huili Zhu,
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24
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Activation of the Hippo Pathway in Rana sylvatica: Yapping Stops in Response to Anoxia. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121422. [PMID: 34947952 PMCID: PMC8708225 DOI: 10.3390/life11121422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) display well-developed anoxia tolerance as one component of their capacity to endure prolonged whole-body freezing during the winter months. Under anoxic conditions, multiple cellular responses are triggered to efficiently cope with stress by suppressing gene transcription and promoting activation of mechanisms that support cell survival. Activation of the Hippo signaling pathway initiates a cascade of protein kinase reactions that end with phosphorylation of YAP protein. Multiple pathway components of the Hippo pathway were analyzed via immunoblotting, qPCR or DNA-binding ELISAs to assess the effects of 24 h anoxia and 4 h aerobic recovery, compared with controls, on liver and heart metabolism of wood frogs. Immunoblot results showed significant increases in the relative levels of multiple proteins of the Hippo pathway representing an overall activation of the pathway in both organs under anoxia stress. Upregulation of transcript levels further confirmed this. A decrease in YAP and TEAD protein levels in the nuclear fraction also indicated reduced translocation of these proteins. Decreased DNA-binding activity of TEAD at the promoter region also suggested repression of gene transcription of its downstream targets such as SOX2 and OCT4. Furthermore, changes in the protein levels of two downstream targets of TEAD, OCT4 and SOX2, established regulated transcriptional activity and could possibly be associated with the activation of the Hippo pathway. Increased levels of TAZ in anoxic hearts also suggested its involvement in the repair mechanism for damage caused to cardiac muscles during anoxia. In summary, this study provides the first insights into the role of the Hippo pathway in maintaining cellular homeostasis in response to anoxia in amphibians.
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25
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Mechanosensing and the Hippo Pathway in Microglia: A Potential Link to Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis? Cells 2021; 10:cells10113144. [PMID: 34831369 PMCID: PMC8622675 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of microglia, the inflammatory cells of the central nervous system (CNS), has been linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. How microglia sense the changing brain environment, in order to respond appropriately, is still being elucidated. Microglia are able to sense and respond to the mechanical properties of their microenvironment, and the physical and molecular pathways underlying this mechanosensing/mechanotransduction in microglia have recently been investigated. The Hippo pathway functions through mechanosensing and subsequent protein kinase cascades, and is critical for neuronal development and many other cellular processes. In this review, we examine evidence for the potential involvement of Hippo pathway components specifically in microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. We suggest that the Hippo pathway is worth investigating as a mechanosensing pathway in microglia, and could be one potential therapeutic target pathway for preventing microglial-induced neurodegeneration in AD.
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26
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Ghomlaghi M, Hart A, Hoang N, Shin S, Nguyen LK. Feedback, Crosstalk and Competition: Ingredients for Emergent Non-Linear Behaviour in the PI3K/mTOR Signalling Network. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6944. [PMID: 34203293 PMCID: PMC8267830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/mTOR signalling pathway plays a central role in the governing of cell growth, survival and metabolism. As such, it must integrate and decode information from both external and internal sources to guide efficient decision-making by the cell. To facilitate this, the pathway has evolved an intricate web of complex regulatory mechanisms and elaborate crosstalk with neighbouring signalling pathways, making it a highly non-linear system. Here, we describe the mechanistic biological details that underpin these regulatory mechanisms, covering a multitude of negative and positive feedback loops, feed-forward loops, competing protein interactions, and crosstalk with major signalling pathways. Further, we highlight the non-linear and dynamic network behaviours that arise from these regulations, uncovered through computational and experimental studies. Given the pivotal role of the PI3K/mTOR network in cellular homeostasis and its frequent dysregulation in pathologies including cancer and diabetes, a coherent and systems-level understanding of the complex regulation and consequential dynamic signalling behaviours within this network is imperative for advancing biology and development of new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ghomlaghi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.G.); (A.H.); (N.H.); (S.S.)
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Anthony Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.G.); (A.H.); (N.H.); (S.S.)
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nhan Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.G.); (A.H.); (N.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Sungyoung Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.G.); (A.H.); (N.H.); (S.S.)
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Lan K. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (M.G.); (A.H.); (N.H.); (S.S.)
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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27
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Ding W, Shi Y, Zhang H. Circular RNA circNEURL4 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma by sponging miR-1278 and regulating LATS1 expression. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:5911-5927. [PMID: 34306334 PMCID: PMC8290797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNA) are found to be closely associated with cancers as their possibility as "sponges" to miRNAs, thus liberating the downstream target mRNA. However, deep research is still needed to study the function of circRNA in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Here, we sought to explore new circRNA which could play an important role in the development of PTC. We filtered candidate circRNAs based on microarray data from public database and verified the result using qRT-PCR. We performed CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, apoptosis assay, transwell assays, and xenograft experiments to explore the function of selected circRNA on PTC. We predicted the miRNA targets of the circRNA and the target gene of miRNA through bioinformatic analysis and validated the target by mutant experiments. And by the use of overexpression experiments, knockdown experiments, and the functional assays mentioned above, we figured out the pathway behind the selected circRNA. Based on our data, we found that circNEURL4 was significantly decreased in the PTC samples and lower expression of circNEURL4 was closely associated with a poor prognosis of patients with PTC. Then, we proved that circNEURL4 could inhibit cell proliferation and invasion of PTC in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that circNEURL4 may binding to miR-1278 and thus indirectly improving the expression of LATS1. Our findings revealed that circNEURL4 may probably serve as a diagnostic marker to predict PTC patients' prognosis and a possible therapeutic target to PTC via miR-1278/LATS1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ding
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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28
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Chen J, Wan R, Li Q, Rao Z, Wang Y, Zhang L, Teichmann AT. Utilizing the Hippo pathway as a therapeutic target for combating endocrine-resistant breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:306. [PMID: 34112175 PMCID: PMC8194146 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is always a great obstacle in any endocrine therapy of breast cancer. Although the combination of endocrine therapy and targeted therapy has been shown to significantly improve prognosis, refractory endocrine resistance is still common. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway is often related to the occurrence and the development of many tumors. Targeted therapies of this pathway have played important roles in the study of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Targeting the Hippo pathway in combination with chemotherapy or other targeted therapies has been shown to significantly improve specific antitumor effects and reduce cancer antidrug resistance. Further exploration has shown that the Hippo pathway is closely related to endocrine resistance, and it plays a "co-correlation point" role in numerous pathways involving endocrine resistance, including related pathways in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Agents and miRNAs targeting the components of the Hippo pathway are expected to significantly enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to endocrine therapy. This review initially explains the possible mechanism of the Hippo pathway in combating endocrine resistance, and it concludes by recommending endocrine therapy in combination with therapies targeting the Hippo pathway in the study of endocrine-resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Runlan Wan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhenghuan Rao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Alexander Tobias Teichmann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China. .,Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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29
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Wang X, Liang H, Xu W, Ma X. Wallenda-Nmo Axis Regulates Growth via Hippo Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:658288. [PMID: 33937258 PMCID: PMC8085559 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.658288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Both Hippo signaling pathways and cell polarity regulation are critical for cell proliferation and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, despite the well-established connections between cell polarity disruption and Hippo inactivation, the molecular mechanism by which aberrant cell polarity induces Hippo-mediated overgrowth remains underexplored. Here we use Drosophila wing discs as a model and identify the Wnd-Nmo axis as an important molecular link that bridges loss-of-cell polarity-triggered Hippo inactivation and overgrowth. We show that Wallenda (Wnd), a MAPKKK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase) family member, is a novel regulator of Hippo pathways in Drosophila and that overexpression of Wnd promotes growth via Nemo (Nmo)- mediated Hippo pathway inactivation. We further demonstrate that both Wnd and Nmo are required for loss-of-cell polarity-induced overgrowth and Hippo inactivation. In summary, our findings provide a novel insight on how cell polarity loss contributes to overgrowth and uncover the Wnd-Nmo axis as an essential additional branch that regulates Hippo pathways in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.,Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.,Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Xu
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianjue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.,Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Hidden Targets in RAF Signalling Pathways to Block Oncogenic RAS Signalling. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040553. [PMID: 33920182 PMCID: PMC8070103 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic RAS (Rat sarcoma) mutations drive more than half of human cancers, and RAS inhibition is the holy grail of oncology. Thirty years of relentless efforts and harsh disappointments have taught us about the intricacies of oncogenic RAS signalling that allow us to now get a pharmacological grip on this elusive protein. The inhibition of effector pathways, such as the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, has largely proven disappointing. Thus far, most of these efforts were aimed at blocking the activation of ERK. Here, we discuss RAF-dependent pathways that are regulated through RAF functions independent of catalytic activity and their potential role as targets to block oncogenic RAS signalling. We focus on the now well documented roles of RAF kinase-independent functions in apoptosis, cell cycle progression and cell migration.
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31
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IQGAP1 Is a Scaffold of the Core Proteins of the Hippo Pathway and Negatively Regulates the Pro-Apoptotic Signal Mediated by This Pathway. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020478. [PMID: 33672268 PMCID: PMC7926663 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway regulates a complex signalling network which mediates several biological functions including cell proliferation, organ size and apoptosis. Several scaffold proteins regulate the crosstalk of the members of the pathway with other signalling pathways and play an important role in the diverse output controlled by this pathway. In this study we have identified the scaffold protein IQGAP1 as a novel interactor of the core kinases of the Hippo pathway, MST2 and LATS1. Our results indicate that IQGAP1 scaffolds MST2 and LATS1 supresses their kinase activity and YAP1-dependent transcription. Additionally, we show that IQGAP1 is a negative regulator of the non-canonical pro-apoptotic pathway and may enable the crosstalk between this pathway and the ERK and AKT signalling modules. Our data also show that bile acids regulate the IQGAP1-MST2-LATS1 signalling module in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which could be necessary for the inhibition of MST2-dependent apoptosis and hepatocyte transformation.
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32
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McKenna S, García-Gutiérrez L, Matallanas D, Fey D. BAX and SMAC regulate bistable properties of the apoptotic caspase system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3272. [PMID: 33558564 PMCID: PMC7870884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation of apoptosis is a core mechanism in cellular biology by which organisms control the removal of damaged or unnecessary cells. The irreversible activation of caspases is essential for apoptosis, and mathematical models have demonstrated that the process is tightly regulated by positive feedback and a bistable switch. BAX and SMAC are often dysregulated in diseases such as cancer or neurodegeneration and are two key regulators that interact with the caspase system generating the apoptotic switch. Here we present a mathematical model of how BAX and SMAC control the apoptotic switch. Formulated as a system of ordinary differential equations, the model summarises experimental and computational evidence from the literature and incorporates the biochemical mechanisms of how BAX and SMAC interact with the components of the caspase system. Using simulations and bifurcation analysis, we find that both BAX and SMAC regulate the time-delay and activation threshold of the apoptotic switch. Interestingly, the model predicted that BAX (not SMAC) controls the amplitude of the apoptotic switch. Cell culture experiments using siRNA mediated BAX and SMAC knockdowns validated this model prediction. We further validated the model using data of the NCI-60 cell line panel using BAX protein expression as a cell-line specific parameter and show that model simulations correlated with the cellular response to DNA damaging drugs and established a defined threshold for caspase activation that could distinguish between sensitive and resistant melanoma cells. In summary, we present an experimentally validated dynamic model that summarises our current knowledge of how BAX and SMAC regulate the bistable properties of irreversible caspase activation during apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie McKenna
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Dirk Fey
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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33
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Gogia N, Chimata AV, Deshpande P, Singh A, Singh A. Hippo signaling: bridging the gap between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:643-652. [PMID: 33063715 PMCID: PMC8067938 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.295273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, regulation of organ size requires a balance between cell proliferation, growth and cell death. Dysregulation of these fundamental processes can cause a variety of diseases. Excessive cell proliferation results in cancer whereas excessive cell death results in neurodegenerative disorders. Many signaling pathways known-to-date have a role in growth regulation. Among them, evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway is unique as it controls both cell proliferation and cell death by a variety of mechanisms during organ sculpture and development. Neurodegeneration, a complex process of progressive death of neuronal population, results in fatal disorders with no available cure to date. During normal development, cell death is required for sculpting of an organ. However, aberrant cell death in neuronal cell population can result in neurodegenerative disorders. Hippo pathway has gathered major attention for its role in growth regulation and cancer, however, other functions like its role in neurodegeneration are also emerging rapidly. This review highlights the role of Hippo signaling in cell death and neurodegenerative diseases and provide the information on the chemical inhibitors employed to block Hippo pathway. Understanding Hippo mediated cell death mechanisms will aid in development of reliable and effective therapeutic strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Gogia
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Aditi Singh
- Medical Candidate, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Biology; Premedical Program; Center for Tissue Regeneration and Engineering at Dayton (TREND); The Integrative Science and Engineering Center, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH; Center for Genomic Advocacy (TCGA), Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA
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Donninger H, Harrell-Stewart D, Clark GJ. Detection of Endogenous RASSF1A Interacting Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2262:303-310. [PMID: 33977485 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1190-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RASSF1A is a Ras effector that promotes the anti-proliferative properties of Ras. It acts as a scaffold protein that regulates several pro-apoptotic signaling pathways, thereby linking Ras to their regulation. However, accumulating evidence suggests that RASSF1A functions as a regulator of other additional biological processes, such as DNA repair and transcription, thereby implicating Ras in the modulation of these biological processes. The mechanisms by which RASSF1A modulates these processes is not fully understood but likely involves interacting with other effectors associated with these functions and coordinating their activity. Thus, to fully understand how RASSF1A manifests its activity, it is critical to identify RASSF1A interacting partners.Unfortunately, the reagents available for the detection of RASSF1A are of poor quality and also exhibit low sensitivity. Here we describe an immunoprecipitation protocol, taking into consideration the limitations of currently available reagents, that can reliably detect the endogenous interaction between RASSF1A and its binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Donninger
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Geoffrey J Clark
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Nováček V, McGauran G, Matallanas D, Vallejo Blanco A, Conca P, Muñoz E, Costabello L, Kanakaraj K, Nawaz Z, Walsh B, Mohamed SK, Vandenbussche PY, Ryan CJ, Kolch W, Fey D. Accurate prediction of kinase-substrate networks using knowledge graphs. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007578. [PMID: 33270624 PMCID: PMC7738173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of specific substrates by protein kinases is a key control mechanism for vital cell-fate decisions and other cellular processes. However, discovering specific kinase-substrate relationships is time-consuming and often rather serendipitous. Computational predictions alleviate these challenges, but the current approaches suffer from limitations like restricted kinome coverage and inaccuracy. They also typically utilise only local features without reflecting broader interaction context. To address these limitations, we have developed an alternative predictive model. It uses statistical relational learning on top of phosphorylation networks interpreted as knowledge graphs, a simple yet robust model for representing networked knowledge. Compared to a representative selection of six existing systems, our model has the highest kinome coverage and produces biologically valid high-confidence predictions not possible with the other tools. Specifically, we have experimentally validated predictions of previously unknown phosphorylations by the LATS1, AKT1, PKA and MST2 kinases in human. Thus, our tool is useful for focusing phosphoproteomic experiments, and facilitates the discovery of new phosphorylation reactions. Our model can be accessed publicly via an easy-to-use web interface (LinkPhinder). LinkPhinder is a new approach to prediction of protein signalling networks based on kinase-substrate relationships that outperforms existing approaches. Phosphorylation networks govern virtually all fundamental biochemical processes in cells, and thus have moved into the centre of interest in biology, medicine and drug development. Fundamentally different from current approaches, LinkPhinder is inherently network-based and makes use of the most recent AI developments. We represent existing phosphorylation data as knowledge graphs, a format for large-scale and robust knowledge representation. Training a link prediction model on such a structure leads to novel, biologically valid phosphorylation network predictions that cannot be made with competing tools. Thus our new conceptual approach can lead to establishing a new niche of AI applications in computational biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vít Nováček
- Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
- Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail: (VN); (DF)
| | - Gavin McGauran
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Adrián Vallejo Blanco
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Department of Oncology, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Emir Muñoz
- Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
- Fujitsu Ireland Ltd., Co. Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Zeeshan Nawaz
- Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian Walsh
- Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Sameh K. Mohamed
- Data Science Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Colm J. Ryan
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dirk Fey
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- * E-mail: (VN); (DF)
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36
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MST2 silencing induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth for estrogen receptor alpha-positive MCF-7 breast cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 408:115257. [PMID: 33007383 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) plays an important role in cell growth and apoptosis and functions as a tumor suppressor. Previously, we showed that MST2 overexpression activates Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in the absence of a ligand. Here, we examined the role of MST2 in the growth of ER-positive MCF-7 cells. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and mammosphere formation assay method were implemented to detect the biological effects of MST2 ablation on the growth of MCF-7 cells in vitro. The effect of MST2-siRNA on MCF-7 cells tumor growth in vivo was studied in tumor-bearing mouse model. Kaplan-Meier plotter analysis was used to determine the effect of MST2 on overall survival in breast cancer patients. MST2 overexpression increased cell viability marginally. The ablation of MST2 using siRNA dramatically suppressed the viability of the MCF-7 cells, but not ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, MST2 knockdown increased caspase-dependent apoptosis and led to decreased mammosphere formation. Treatment of MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice with MST2 siRNA significantly inhibited tumor growth. The tumor weight was reduced further when tamoxifen was added. Patients with ER-positive breast cancer with low MST2 expression had better overall survival than did those with high MST2 expression in Kaplan-Meier survival analyses using public datasets. Our results provide new insight into the role of MST2, a key component of the Hippo signaling pathway, in mediating breast cancer progression.
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Svobodová J, Procházková J, Kabátková M, Krkoška M, Šmerdová L, Líbalová H, Topinka J, Kléma J, Kozubík A, Machala M, Vondráček J. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) Disrupts Control of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in a Human Model of Adult Liver Progenitors. Toxicol Sci 2020; 172:368-384. [PMID: 31536130 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation has been shown to alter proliferation, apoptosis, or differentiation of adult rat liver progenitors. Here, we investigated the impact of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-mediated AhR activation on a human model of bipotent liver progenitors, undifferentiated HepaRG cells. We used both intact undifferentiated HepaRG cells, and the cells with silenced Hippo pathway effectors, yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), which play key role(s) in tissue-specific progenitor cell self-renewal and expansion, such as in liver, cardiac, or respiratory progenitors. TCDD induced cell proliferation in confluent undifferentiated HepaRG cells; however, following YAP, and, in particular, double YAP/TAZ knockdown, TCDD promoted induction of apoptosis. These results suggested that, unlike in mature hepatocytes, or hepatocyte-like cells, activation of the AhR may sensitize undifferentiated HepaRG cells to apoptotic stimuli. Induction of apoptosis in cells with silenced YAP/TAZ was associated with upregulation of death ligand TRAIL, and seemed to involve both extrinsic and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. Global gene expression analysis further suggested that TCDD significantly altered expression of constituents and/or transcriptional targets of signaling pathways participating in control of expansion or differentiation of liver progenitors, including EGFR, Wnt/β-catenin, or tumor growth factor-β signaling pathways. TCDD significantly upregulated cytosolic proapoptotic protein BMF (Bcl-2 modifying factor) in HepaRG cells, which could be linked with an enhanced sensitivity of TCDD-treated cells to apoptosis. Our results suggest that, in addition to promotion of cell proliferation and alteration of signaling pathways controlling expansion of human adult liver progenitors, AhR ligands may also sensitize human liver progenitor cells to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Svobodová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Procházková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno 62100, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Kabátková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Krkoška
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Šmerdová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Líbalová
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Ecotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kléma
- Department of Computer Science, Czech Technical University, Prague 12135, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Kozubík
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno 62100, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 61265, Czech Republic
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38
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Bouhaddou M, Memon D, Meyer B, White KM, Rezelj VV, Correa Marrero M, Polacco BJ, Melnyk JE, Ulferts S, Kaake RM, Batra J, Richards AL, Stevenson E, Gordon DE, Rojc A, Obernier K, Fabius JM, Soucheray M, Miorin L, Moreno E, Koh C, Tran QD, Hardy A, Robinot R, Vallet T, Nilsson-Payant BE, Hernandez-Armenta C, Dunham A, Weigang S, Knerr J, Modak M, Quintero D, Zhou Y, Dugourd A, Valdeolivas A, Patil T, Li Q, Hüttenhain R, Cakir M, Muralidharan M, Kim M, Jang G, Tutuncuoglu B, Hiatt J, Guo JZ, Xu J, Bouhaddou S, Mathy CJP, Gaulton A, Manners EJ, Félix E, Shi Y, Goff M, Lim JK, McBride T, O'Neal MC, Cai Y, Chang JCJ, Broadhurst DJ, Klippsten S, De Wit E, Leach AR, Kortemme T, Shoichet B, Ott M, Saez-Rodriguez J, tenOever BR, Mullins RD, Fischer ER, Kochs G, Grosse R, García-Sastre A, Vignuzzi M, Johnson JR, Shokat KM, Swaney DL, Beltrao P, Krogan NJ. The Global Phosphorylation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Cell 2020; 182:685-712.e19. [PMID: 32645325 PMCID: PMC7321036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 710] [Impact Index Per Article: 177.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected millions and killed hundreds of thousands of people worldwide, highlighting an urgent need to develop antiviral therapies. Here we present a quantitative mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics survey of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero E6 cells, revealing dramatic rewiring of phosphorylation on host and viral proteins. SARS-CoV-2 infection promoted casein kinase II (CK2) and p38 MAPK activation, production of diverse cytokines, and shutdown of mitotic kinases, resulting in cell cycle arrest. Infection also stimulated a marked induction of CK2-containing filopodial protrusions possessing budding viral particles. Eighty-seven drugs and compounds were identified by mapping global phosphorylation profiles to dysregulated kinases and pathways. We found pharmacologic inhibition of the p38, CK2, CDK, AXL, and PIKFYVE kinases to possess antiviral efficacy, representing potential COVID-19 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Bouhaddou
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Danish Memon
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bjoern Meyer
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Kris M White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Veronica V Rezelj
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Miguel Correa Marrero
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin J Polacco
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James E Melnyk
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Svenja Ulferts
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Robyn M Kaake
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jyoti Batra
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alicia L Richards
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Erica Stevenson
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David E Gordon
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ajda Rojc
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kirsten Obernier
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Fabius
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Margaret Soucheray
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisa Miorin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Elena Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Cassandra Koh
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Quang Dinh Tran
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Alexandra Hardy
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Rémy Robinot
- Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France; Vaccine Research Institute, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Thomas Vallet
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | | | - Claudia Hernandez-Armenta
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alistair Dunham
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sebastian Weigang
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Julian Knerr
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Maya Modak
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Diego Quintero
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yuan Zhou
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aurelien Dugourd
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alberto Valdeolivas
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Trupti Patil
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Qiongyu Li
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ruth Hüttenhain
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Merve Cakir
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Monita Muralidharan
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Minkyu Kim
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gwendolyn Jang
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Beril Tutuncuoglu
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph Hiatt
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffrey Z Guo
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jiewei Xu
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sophia Bouhaddou
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christopher J P Mathy
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Anna Gaulton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Emma J Manners
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eloy Félix
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Shi
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Marisa Goff
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emmie De Wit
- NIH/NIAID/Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Andrew R Leach
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tanja Kortemme
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Bioengineering & Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brian Shoichet
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Melanie Ott
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Bioquant, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, and Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - R Dyche Mullins
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | | | - Georg Kochs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79008, Germany
| | - Robert Grosse
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79008, Germany; Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Freiburg 79104, Germany.
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA; The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, Cedex 15, France.
| | - Jeffery R Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
| | - Danielle L Swaney
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Pedro Beltrao
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- QBI COVID-19 Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Duhart JC, Raftery LA. Mob Family Proteins: Regulatory Partners in Hippo and Hippo-Like Intracellular Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:161. [PMID: 32266255 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00161/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in yeast first delineated the function of Mob proteins in kinase pathways that regulate cell division and shape; in multicellular eukaryotes Mobs regulate tissue growth and morphogenesis. In animals, Mobs are adaptors in Hippo signaling, an intracellular signal-transduction pathway that restricts growth, impacting the development and homeostasis of animal organs. Central to Hippo signaling are the Nuclear Dbf2-Related (NDR) kinases, Warts and LATS1 and LATS2, in flies and mammals, respectively. A second Hippo-like signaling pathway has been uncovered in animals, which regulates cell and tissue morphogenesis. Central to this emergent pathway are the NDR kinases, Tricornered, STK38, and STK38L. In Hippo signaling, NDR kinase activation is controlled by three activating interactions with a conserved set of proteins. This review focuses on one co-activator family, the highly conserved, non-catalytic Mps1-binder-related (Mob) proteins. In this context, Mobs are allosteric activators of NDR kinases and adaptors that contribute to assembly of multiprotein NDR kinase activation complexes. In multicellular eukaryotes, the Mob family has expanded relative to model unicellular yeasts; accumulating evidence points to Mob functional diversification. A striking example comes from the most sequence-divergent class of Mobs, which are components of the highly conserved Striatin Interacting Phosphatase and Kinase (STRIPAK) complex, that antagonizes Hippo signaling. Mobs stand out for their potential to modulate the output from Hippo and Hippo-like kinases, through their roles both in activating NDR kinases and in antagonizing upstream Hippo or Hippo-like kinase activity. These opposing Mob functions suggest that they coordinate the relative activities of the Tricornered/STK38/STK38L and Warts/LATS kinases, and thus have potential to assemble nodes for pathway signaling output. We survey the different facets of Mob-dependent regulation of Hippo and Hippo-like signaling and highlight open questions that hinge on unresolved aspects of Mob functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Duhart
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Laurel A Raftery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
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40
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Duhart JC, Raftery LA. Mob Family Proteins: Regulatory Partners in Hippo and Hippo-Like Intracellular Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:161. [PMID: 32266255 PMCID: PMC7096357 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in yeast first delineated the function of Mob proteins in kinase pathways that regulate cell division and shape; in multicellular eukaryotes Mobs regulate tissue growth and morphogenesis. In animals, Mobs are adaptors in Hippo signaling, an intracellular signal-transduction pathway that restricts growth, impacting the development and homeostasis of animal organs. Central to Hippo signaling are the Nuclear Dbf2-Related (NDR) kinases, Warts and LATS1 and LATS2, in flies and mammals, respectively. A second Hippo-like signaling pathway has been uncovered in animals, which regulates cell and tissue morphogenesis. Central to this emergent pathway are the NDR kinases, Tricornered, STK38, and STK38L. In Hippo signaling, NDR kinase activation is controlled by three activating interactions with a conserved set of proteins. This review focuses on one co-activator family, the highly conserved, non-catalytic Mps1-binder-related (Mob) proteins. In this context, Mobs are allosteric activators of NDR kinases and adaptors that contribute to assembly of multiprotein NDR kinase activation complexes. In multicellular eukaryotes, the Mob family has expanded relative to model unicellular yeasts; accumulating evidence points to Mob functional diversification. A striking example comes from the most sequence-divergent class of Mobs, which are components of the highly conserved Striatin Interacting Phosphatase and Kinase (STRIPAK) complex, that antagonizes Hippo signaling. Mobs stand out for their potential to modulate the output from Hippo and Hippo-like kinases, through their roles both in activating NDR kinases and in antagonizing upstream Hippo or Hippo-like kinase activity. These opposing Mob functions suggest that they coordinate the relative activities of the Tricornered/STK38/STK38L and Warts/LATS kinases, and thus have potential to assemble nodes for pathway signaling output. We survey the different facets of Mob-dependent regulation of Hippo and Hippo-like signaling and highlight open questions that hinge on unresolved aspects of Mob functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurel A. Raftery
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
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41
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García-Gutiérrez L, McKenna S, Kolch W, Matallanas D. RASSF1A Tumour Suppressor: Target the Network for Effective Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010229. [PMID: 31963420 PMCID: PMC7017281 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The RASSF1A tumour suppressor is a scaffold protein that is involved in cell signalling. Increasing evidence shows that this protein sits at the crossroad of a complex signalling network, which includes key regulators of cellular homeostasis, such as Ras, MST2/Hippo, p53, and death receptor pathways. The loss of expression of RASSF1A is one of the most common events in solid tumours and is usually caused by gene silencing through DNA methylation. Thus, re-expression of RASSF1A or therapeutic targeting of effector modules of its complex signalling network, is a promising avenue for treating several tumour types. Here, we review the main modules of the RASSF1A signalling network and the evidence for the effects of network deregulation in different cancer types. In particular, we summarise the epigenetic mechanism that mediates RASSF1A promoter methylation and the Hippo and RAF1 signalling modules. Finally, we discuss different strategies that are described for re-establishing RASSF1A function and how a multitargeting pathway approach selecting druggable nodes in this network could lead to new cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía García-Gutiérrez
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (L.G.-G.); (S.M.); (W.K.)
| | - Stephanie McKenna
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (L.G.-G.); (S.M.); (W.K.)
| | - Walter Kolch
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (L.G.-G.); (S.M.); (W.K.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (L.G.-G.); (S.M.); (W.K.)
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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42
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Nussinov R, Tsai CJ, Jang H. Does Ras Activate Raf and PI3K Allosterically? Front Oncol 2019; 9:1231. [PMID: 31799192 PMCID: PMC6874141 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism through which oncogenic Ras activates its effectors is vastly important to resolve. If allostery is at play, then targeting allosteric pathways could help in quelling activation of MAPK (Raf/MEK/ERK) and PI3K (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) cell proliferation pathways. On the face of it, allosteric activation is reasonable: Ras binding perturbs the conformational ensembles of its effectors. Here, however, we suggest that at least for Raf, PI3K, and NORE1A (RASSF5), that is unlikely. Raf's long disordered linker dampens effective allosteric activation. Instead, we suggest that the high-affinity Ras–Raf binding relieves Raf's autoinhibition, shifting Raf's ensemble from the inactive to the nanocluster-mediated dimerized active state, as Ras also does for NORE1A. PI3K is recruited and allosterically activated by RTK (e.g., EGFR) at the membrane. Ras restrains PI3K's distribution and active site orientation. It stabilizes and facilitates PIP2 binding at the active site and increases the PI3K residence time at the membrane. Thus, RTKs allosterically activate PI3Kα; however, merging their action with Ras accomplishes full activation. Here we review their activation mechanisms in this light and draw attention to implications for their pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Nussinov
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chung-Jung Tsai
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, United States
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43
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Sahu MR, Mondal AC. The emerging role of Hippo signaling in neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:796-814. [PMID: 31705587 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration refers to the complex process of progressive degeneration or neuronal apoptosis leading to a set of incurable and debilitating conditions. Physiologically, apoptosis is important in proper growth and development. However, aberrant and unrestricted apoptosis can lead to a variety of degenerative conditions including neurodegenerative diseases. Although dysregulated apoptosis has been implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders, the triggers and molecular mechanisms underlying such untimely and faulty apoptosis are still unknown. Hippo signaling pathway is one such apoptosis-regulating mechanism that has remained evolutionarily conserved from Drosophila to mammals. This pathway has gained a lot of attention for its tumor-suppressing task, but recent studies have emphasized the soaring role of this pathway in inflaming neurodegeneration. In addition, strategies promoting inactivation of this pathway have aided in the rescue of neurons from anomalous apoptosis. So, a thorough understanding of the relationship between the Hippo pathway and neurodegeneration may serve as a guide for the development of therapy for various degenerative diseases. The current review focuses on the mechanism of the Hippo signaling pathway, its upstream and downstream regulatory molecules, and its role in the genesis of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. The recent efforts employing the Hippo pathway components as targets for checking neurodegeneration have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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44
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Kück U, Radchenko D, Teichert I. STRIPAK, a highly conserved signaling complex, controls multiple eukaryotic cellular and developmental processes and is linked with human diseases. Biol Chem 2019; 400:1005-1022. [PMID: 31042639 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The striatin-interacting phosphatases and kinases (STRIPAK) complex is evolutionary highly conserved and has been structurally and functionally described in diverse lower and higher eukaryotes. In recent years, this complex has been biochemically characterized better and further analyses in different model systems have shown that it is also involved in numerous cellular and developmental processes in eukaryotic organisms. Further recent results have shown that the STRIPAK complex functions as a macromolecular assembly communicating through physical interaction with other conserved signaling protein complexes to constitute larger dynamic protein networks. Here, we will provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the architecture, function and regulation of the STRIPAK complex and discuss key issues and future perspectives, linked with human diseases, which may form the basis of further research endeavors in this area. In particular, the investigation of bi-directional interactions between STRIPAK and other signaling pathways should elucidate upstream regulators and downstream targets as fundamental parts of a complex cellular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kück
- Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Daria Radchenko
- Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ines Teichert
- Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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45
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Pei T, Huang X, Long Y, Duan C, Liu T, Li Y, Huang W. Increased expression of YAP is associated with decreased cell autophagy in the eutopic endometrial stromal cells of endometriosis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 491:110432. [PMID: 31014943 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Basic research has shown that signal pathways play significant roles in the development and progression of endometriosis (EMS). We first reported that the Hippo-YAP (Yes-associated protein) pathway promotes cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) of EMS. Cell autophagy has been found to be involved in the endometrial regulation and the pathophysiology of EMS. We speculated that there may be an elaborate dialogue between Hippo-YAP and autophagy pathway in EMS. To explore this, we performed molecular biology experiments to investigate the expressions of YAP pathway and cell autophagy markers (mTOR, LC-3) in ESCs of women with or without EMS and detected the protein levels of autophagy markers after verteporfin and rapamycin treatments and the transfection with YAP-knockdown vector in the eutopic ESCs, respectively. We found that the mRNAs of YAP and mTOR were increased in the eutopic ESCs compared with controls, but no statistically difference, while the protein levels were significantly increased in the eutopic ESCs. Conversely, the ratio of the autophagy marker protein LC3-II/LC3-I was significantly decreased in the eutopic ESCs compared with controls. Moreover, verteporfin treatment interfered with the YAP function, but it had no effect on mTOR expression and cell autophagy level. Rapamycin treatment and YAP knockdown in the eutopic ESCs both inhibited the expression of YAP and increased the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I significantly. These results demonstrate that the decreased cell autophagy level is associated with the increased expression of YAP and YAP may participate in the mTOR-autophagy pathway in the eutopic ESCs of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Pei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Changling Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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46
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Yamauchi T, Moroishi T. Hippo Pathway in Mammalian Adaptive Immune System. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050398. [PMID: 31052239 PMCID: PMC6563119 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was originally identified as an evolutionarily-conserved signaling mechanism that contributes to the control of organ size. It was then rapidly expanded as a key pathway in the regulation of tissue development, regeneration, and cancer pathogenesis. The increasing amount of evidence in recent years has also connected this pathway to the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Notably, the Hippo pathway has been revealed to play a pivotal role in adaptive immune cell lineages, as represented by the patients with T- and B-cell lymphopenia exhibiting defective expressions of the pathway component. The complex regulatory mechanisms of and by the Hippo pathway have also been evident as alternative signal transductions are employed in some immune cell types. In this review article, we summarize the current understanding of the emerging roles of the Hippo pathway in adaptive immune cell development and differentiation. We also highlight the recent findings concerning the dual functions of the Hippo pathway in autoimmunity and anti-cancer immune responses and discuss the key open questions in the interplay between the Hippo pathway and the mammalian immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Yamauchi
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Molecular Enzymology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.
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47
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Liang Z, Lu Y, Qian Y, Zhu L, Kuang S, Chen F, Feng Y, Hu X, Cao G, Xue R, Gong C. Cultured cells and wing disc size of silkworm can be controlled by the Hippo pathway. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.180029. [PMID: 29973396 PMCID: PMC6070717 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippo signalling represents a cell proliferation and organ-size control pathway. Yorki (Yki), a component of the Hippo pathway, induces the transcription of a number of targets that promote cell proliferation and survival. The functions of Yki have been characterized in Drosophila and mammals, while there are few reports on silkworm, Bombyx mori. In the present study, we found that BmYki3 facilitates cell migration and cell division, and enlarges the cultured cell and wing disc size. Co-immunoprecipitation results indicated that BmYki3 may interact with thymosin, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, protein kinase ASK1, dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1, calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and beta-spectrin. RNA-seq results indicated that 4444 genes were upregulated and 10 291 genes were downregulated after BmYki3 was overexpressed in the cultured cells. GO annotation indicated that the up/downregulated genes were enriched in 268/382 GO terms (p < 0.01); KEGG analysis showed that the up/downregulated genes were enriched in 49/101 pathways. These findings provided novel information to understand the functions of BmYki3 in a cell proliferation and organ-size control pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Liang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yahong Lu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Qian
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liyuan Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Sulan Kuang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fei Chen
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongjie Feng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China .,National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Science, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China .,National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural Biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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48
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Shukla M, Chinchalongporn V, Govitrapong P, Reiter RJ. The role of melatonin in targeting cell signaling pathways in neurodegeneration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1443:75-96. [PMID: 30756405 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are typified by neuronal loss associated with progressive dysfunction and clinical presentation. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the intra- and extracellular conglomeration of misfolded proteins that occur because of abnormal protein dynamics and genetic manipulations; these trigger processes of cell death in these disorders. The disrupted signaling mechanisms involved are oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial and calcium signaling deregulation, alterations in immune and inflammatory signaling, disruption of autophagic integrity, proteostasis dysfunction, and anomalies in the insulin, Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Herein, we accentuate some of the contemporary translational approaches made in characterizing the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Melatonin-induced cognitive enhancement and inhibition of oxidative signaling substantiates the efficacy of melatonin in combating neurodegenerative processes. Our review considers in detail the possible roles of melatonin in understanding the synergistic pathogenic mechanisms between aggregated proteins and in regulating, modulating, and preventing the altered signaling mechanisms discovered in cellular and animal models along with clinical evaluations pertaining to neurodegeneration. Furthermore, this review showcases the therapeutic potential of melatonin in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases with optimum prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Shukla
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapin Chinchalongporn
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.,Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.,Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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49
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MST1/Hippo promoter gene methylation predicts poor survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma in the IFCT-GFPC-0701 MAPS Phase 3 trial. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:387-397. [PMID: 30739911 PMCID: PMC6461894 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0379-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mesothelioma Avastin Cisplatin Pemetrexed Study (MAPS/NCT00651456) phase 3 trial demonstrated the superiority of bevacizumab plus pemetrexed-cisplatin triplet over chemotherapy alone in 448 malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients. Here, we evaluated the prognostic role of Hippo pathway gene promoter methylation. METHODS Promoter methylations were assayed using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction in samples from 223 MAPS patients, evaluating their prognostic value for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival in univariate and multivariate analyses. MST1 inactivation effects on invasion, soft agar growth, apoptosis, proliferation, and YAP/TAZ activation were investigated in human mesothelial cell lines. RESULTS STK4 (MST1) gene promoter methylation was detected in 19/223 patients tested (8.5%), predicting poorer OS in univariate and multivariate analyses (adjusted HR: 1.78, 95% CI (1.09-2.93), p = 0.022). Internal validation by bootstrap resampling supported this prognostic impact. MST1 inactivation reduced cellular basal apoptotic activity while increasing proliferation, invasion, and soft agar or in suspension growth, resulting in nuclear YAP accumulation, yet TAZ cytoplasmic retention in mesothelial cell lines. YAP silencing decreased invasion of MST1-depleted mesothelial cell lines. CONCLUSIONS MST1/hippo kinase expression loss is predictive of poor prognosis in MPM patients, leading to nuclear YAP accumulation and electing YAP as a putative target for therapeutic intervention in human MPM.
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O'Driscoll NA, Matallanas D. Quantifying the Kinase Activities of MST1/2. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1893:289-304. [PMID: 30565142 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8910-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The functions of the kinases MST1 and MST2 rely heavily on their ability to phosphorylate and become phosphorylated themselves. Hence, it is important to precisely measure the kinase activities of both isoforms in a reproducible manner. Here, we describe in detail the protocol for an in-gel kinase assay for the quantification of the kinase activity of MST1/2, which involves immunoprecipitation of MST1/2 and the incorporation of radiolabeled phosphate from [γ-32P]-ATP into a substrate immobilized in a polyacrylamide gel. We also include a protocol for indirect measurement of MST1/2 activation status using immunoblotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh A O'Driscoll
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
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