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Apetroaei MM, Fragkiadaki P, Velescu BȘ, Baliou S, Renieri E, Dinu-Pirvu CE, Drăgănescu D, Vlăsceanu AM, Nedea MI(I, Udeanu DI, Docea AO, Tsatsakis A, Arsene AL. Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7694. [PMID: 39062937 PMCID: PMC11276808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are part of chromatin structures containing repeated DNA sequences, which function as protective caps at the ends of chromosomes and prevent DNA degradation and recombination, thus ensuring the integrity of the genome. While telomere length (TL) can be genetically inherited, TL shortening has been associated with ageing and multiple xenobiotics and bioactive substances. TL has been characterised as a reliable biomarker for the predisposition to developing chronic pathologies and their progression. This narrative review aims to provide arguments in favour of including TL measurements in a complex prognostic and diagnostic panel of chronic pathologies and the importance of assessing the effect of different pharmacologically active molecules on the biology of telomeres. Medicines used in the management of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, schizophrenia, hormone replacement therapy at menopause, danazol, melatonin, and probiotics have been studied for their positive protective effects against TL shortening. All these classes of drugs are analysed in the present review, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna-Maria Apetroaei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Bruno Ștefan Velescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elisavet Renieri
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Cristina Elena Dinu-Pirvu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Doina Drăgănescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Ana Maria Vlăsceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Marina Ionela (Ilie) Nedea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Denisa Ioana Udeanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Artistidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andreea Letiția Arsene
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
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Ouyang C, Yang Y, Pan J, Liu H, Wang X, Zhou S, Shi X, Zhang Y, Wang D, Hu X. Leukocyte Telomere Length Mediates the Associations between Blood Lead and Cadmium with Hypertension among Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study. TOXICS 2024; 12:409. [PMID: 38922089 PMCID: PMC11209134 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12060409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
There is evidence to support the links between lead and cadmium exposure with hypertension and also with leukocyte telomere length (LTL). The objective of this study is to investigate the role that LTL may play in the relationship between lead and cadmium exposure and hypertension. This study consisted of 3718 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between blood metals with hypertension, and the mediating model was used to evaluate the mediating effect of LTL. In the fully adjusted model, both blood lead and cadmium ln-transformed concentrations were significantly positively associated with hypertension risk, as were all quartiles of blood lead. Additionally, we observed positive linear dose-response relationships with hypertension by restricted cubic spline analysis (both p overall < 0.001, p non-linear = 0.3008 for lead and p non-linear = 0.7611 for cadmium). The ln-transformed blood lead and cadmium concentrations were associated with shorter LTL. LTL was inversely related to hypertension and the OR was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.47 to 0.89). Furthermore, LTL had mediating effects on the associations of blood lead and cadmium with hypertension risk, and the mediation proportions were 2.25% and 4.20%, respectively. Our findings suggested that exposure to lead and cadmium raised the risk of hypertension, while LTL played as a mediating factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Ouyang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Yinan Yang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China;
| | - Jinhua Pan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Heming Liu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Shengze Zhou
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Xiaoru Shi
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
| | - Xiaobin Hu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 199 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.O.); (J.P.); (H.L.); (X.W.); (S.Z.); (X.S.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.)
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Tariq JA, Mandokhail K, Sajjad N, Hussain A, Javaid H, Rasool A, Sadaf H, Javaid S, Durrani AR. Effects of Age and Biological Age-Determining Factors on Telomere Length in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:698. [PMID: 38792881 PMCID: PMC11122877 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Telomere length (TL) undergoes attrition over time, indicating the process of aging, and is linked to a higher risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2). This molecular epidemiological study investigated the correlation between leukocyte TL variations and determinants of molecular aging in 121 Pakistani DM-2 patients. Materials and Methods: The ratio of telomere repeats to the SCG copy number was calculated to estimate the TL in each sample through qPCR assays. Results: In this study, smaller mean TLs were observed in 48.8% of males (6.35 ± 0.82 kb), 3.3% of underweight patients (5.77 ± 1.14 kb), 61.2% of patients on regular medication (6.50 ± 0.79 kb), 9.1% with very high stress levels (5.94 ± 0.99 kb), 31.4% of smokers (5.83 ± 0.73 kb), 40.5% of patients with low physical activity (6.47 ± 0.69 kb), 47.9% of hypertensive patients (5.93 ± 0.64 kb), 10.7% of patients with DM-2 for more than 15 years, and 3.3% of patients with a delayed onset of DM-2 (6.00 ± 0.93 kb). Conclusion: This research indicated a significant negative correlation (R2 = 0.143) between TL and the age of DM-2 patients. This study demonstrated that the correlation of telomere length with age in DM-2 patients was also influenced by various age-determining factors, including hypertension and smoking habits, with significant strong (R2 = 0.526) and moderate (R2 = 0.299) correlations, respectively; sex, obesity, the stress level and age at the onset of diabetes with significant weak correlations (R2 = 0.043, 0.041, 0.037, and 0.065, respectively), and no significant correlations of medication routine, rate of physical activity, and the durations of DM-2 with age-adjusted telomere length. These results challenge TL as the sole marker of aging, thus highlighting the need for further research to understand underlying factors and mitigate the effect of aging or premature aging on diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaria Ali Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | | | - Naheed Sajjad
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Humera Javaid
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Aamir Rasool
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan;
| | - Hummaira Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Silesian University of Technology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sadia Javaid
- Department of Biotechnology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan; (J.A.T.); (N.S.); (H.J.); (H.S.); (S.J.)
| | - Abdul Rauf Durrani
- Provincial Reference Laboratory (PRL), Fatima Jinnah General and Chest Hospital, Quetta 87300, Pakistan;
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Chebly A, Khalil C, Kuzyk A, Beylot-Barry M, Chevret E. T-cell lymphocytes' aging clock: telomeres, telomerase and aging. Biogerontology 2024; 25:279-288. [PMID: 37917220 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the decline of physiological capabilities required for life maintenance and reproduction over time. The human immune cells, including T-cells lymphocytes, undergo dramatic aging-related changes, including those related to telomeres and telomerase. It was demonstrated that telomeres and telomerase play crucial roles in T-cell differentiation, aging, and diseases, including a well-documented link between short telomeres and telomerase activation demonstrated in several T-cells malignancies. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature regarding T-cells' telomeres and telomerase in health and age related-diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Chebly
- Jacques Loiselet Center for Medical Genetics and Genomics (CGGM), Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Higher Institute of Public Health, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Charbel Khalil
- Reviva Stem Cell Platform for Research and Applications Center, Bsalim, Lebanon
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Lebanese American University School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alexandra Kuzyk
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marie Beylot-Barry
- Dermatology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Edith Chevret
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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Romero-Becera R, Santamans AM, Arcones AC, Sabio G. From Beats to Metabolism: the Heart at the Core of Interorgan Metabolic Cross Talk. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:98-125. [PMID: 38051123 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00018.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart, once considered a mere blood pump, is now recognized as a multifunctional metabolic and endocrine organ. Its function is tightly regulated by various metabolic processes, at the same time it serves as an endocrine organ, secreting bioactive molecules that impact systemic metabolism. In recent years, research has shed light on the intricate interplay between the heart and other metabolic organs, such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle. The metabolic flexibility of the heart and its ability to switch between different energy substrates play a crucial role in maintaining cardiac function and overall metabolic homeostasis. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of how metabolic disorders disrupt cardiac metabolism is crucial, as it plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of cardiac diseases. The emerging understanding of the heart as a metabolic and endocrine organ highlights its essential contribution to whole body metabolic regulation and offers new insights into the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. In this review, we provide an in-depth exploration of the heart's metabolic and endocrine functions, emphasizing its role in systemic metabolism and the interplay between the heart and other metabolic organs. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests a correlation between heart disease and other conditions such as aging and cancer, indicating that the metabolic dysfunction observed in these conditions may share common underlying mechanisms. By unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying cardiac metabolism, we aim to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and improve overall cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alba C Arcones
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
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Li YG, Li JH, Wang HQ, Liao J, Du XY. Cinnamaldehyde protects cardiomyocytes from oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced lipid peroxidation and DNA damage via activating the Nrf2 pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14489. [PMID: 38404216 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Rapid restoration of perfusion in ischemic myocardium is the most direct and effective treatment for coronary heart disease but may cause myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Cinnamaldehyde (CA, C9H8O), a key component in the well-known Chinese medicine cinnamomum cassia, has cardioprotective effects against MIRI. This study aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of CA on MIRI and to elucidate its potential mechanism. H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes were pretreated with CA solution at 0, 10, and 100 μM, respectively and subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Then the cell viability, the NF-κB and caspase3 gene levels, the reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. The severity of DNA damage was assessed by tail moment (TM) values using alkaline comet assay. Besides, the DNA damage-related proteins and the key proteins of the Nrf2 pathway were detected by western blot. CA treatment increased the cell viability, GHS/GSSG ratio, SOD level, PARP1, Nrf2, PPAR-γ, and HO-1 protein levels of H9C2 cardiomyocytes, while reducing NF-κB, caspase3, ROS level, 4-HNE and MDA content, γ-H2AX protein level, and TM values. Inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway reversed the effect of CA on cell viability and apoptosis of OGD/R induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Besides, 100 μM CA was more effective than 10 μM CA. In the OGD/R-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte model, CA can protect cardiomyocytes from MIRI by attenuating lipid peroxidation and repairing DNA damage. The mechanism may be related to the activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Guang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Jiaozuo Coal Industry (Group) Co., LTD, Jiaozuo, Henan, China
| | - Jiang-Hong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Jiaozuo Coal Industry (Group) Co., LTD, Jiaozuo, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Qin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Jiaozuo Coal Industry (Group) Co., LTD, Jiaozuo, Henan, China
| | | | - Xiao-Ya Du
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Jiaozuo Coal Industry (Group) Co., LTD, Jiaozuo, Henan, China
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Bukic E, Dragovic G, Toljic B, Obradovic B, Jadzic J, Jevtovic D, Milasin JM. TERT single nucleotide polymorphism rs2736098 but not rs2736100 is associated with telomere length in HIV-infected patients on cART. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:147. [PMID: 38236501 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous application of "combination antiretroviral therapy" (cART) has transformed Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection into a manageable chronic disease; however, due to lasting inflammation and cumulative toxicity, progressive pathophysiological changes do occur and potentially lead to accelerated aging, among others, contributing to telomere shortening. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs2736100 and rs2736098 are particularly important for human telomerase (TERT) gene expression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of clinical parameters and single nucleotide polymorphisms in TERT (rs2736100 and rs2736098) on telomere length in HIV-infected patients. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study included 176 patients diagnosed with HIV infection. Relative telomere length (RTL) was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), whereas genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). The mean age of the patients (p = .904), time since HIV diagnosis (p = .220), therapy-related variables such as the cART regimen (0.761), and total cART duration (p = .096) did not significantly affect RTL. TERT rs2736100 genotype showed no association with RTL. However, TERT rs2736098 heterozygotes (GA) had significantly longer telomeres (P = .049) than both homozygotes (GG and AA). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the fact that cellular aging in HIV-infected patients is influenced by the TERT rs2736098 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Bukic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Dragovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bosko Toljic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Bozana Obradovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Jadzic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djordje Jevtovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Hospital, University Clinical Center Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena M Milasin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
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Khaleda L, Begum SK, Apu MAR, Chowdhury RH, Alam MJ, Datta A, Rahman MZ, Hosain N, Al-Forkan M. Arsenic-Induced Cardiovascular Diseases and their Correlation with Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Deletion, and Telomere Length in Bangladeshi Population. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:27-40. [PMID: 37971645 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination is a global health concern, primarily through contaminated groundwater and its entry into the food chain. The association between arsenic exposure and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is particularly alarming due to CVDs being the leading cause of death worldwide. Arsenic exposure has also been linked to changes in telomere length, mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and deletion, further increasing the risk of CVDs. We aimed to determine whether arsenic exposure alters telomere length and mtDNAcn and deletion in a total of 50 CVD patients who underwent open heart surgery hailed from known arsenic-affected and unaffected areas in Bangladesh. Amount of arsenic was determined from the collected nails and cardiac tissues. Relative telomere length and mtDNAcn and deletion were quantified by qRT-PCR. The patients from arsenic-contaminated areas had higher average arsenic deposits in their fingers and toenails (P < 0.05) and higher cardiac tissue injury scores (P < 0.05). Moreover, approximately 1.5-fold shorter telomere length (P < 0.05, r = - 0.775), 1.2-fold decreased mtDNAcn (P < 0.05, r = - 0.797), and an 81-fold higher amount of mitochondrial DNA deletion (P < 0.05, r = 0.784) were observed in the patients who had higher arsenic deposition in their nails. Higher levels of arsenic exposure were found to be linked to shorter telomere length, decreased mtDNAcn, and increased mitochondrial DNA deletion in the patients from As-affected areas. It can also be anticipated that the correlation of arsenic exposure with telomere length, mtDNAcn, and deletion can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of arsenic-induced cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Khaleda
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Syeda Kishuara Begum
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rahman Apu
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Rahee Hasan Chowdhury
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jibran Alam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Datta
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zillur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmul Hosain
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong-4203, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Al-Forkan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
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Moshfeghinia R, Torabi A, Mostafavi S, Rahbar S, Moradi MS, Sadeghi E, Mootz J, Vardanjani HM. Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy and newborn telomere length: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:947. [PMID: 38102621 PMCID: PMC10724935 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes, and shorter leukocyte telomeres are associated with major group diseases. Maternal psychological stress may be related to the shortening of telomeres in infants. This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to consolidate the varying effect sizes found in studies of maternal psychological stress and telomere length (TL) in newborns and identify moderators of the relationship between stress during pregnancy and newborn TL. METHODS Our systematic review was registered in Prospero. Six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL Complete) were searched for records in English from inception to February 10, 2023. Observational studies were included that measured the relationship of psychological stress of the mother during pregnancy on the TL of the newborn. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. A random-effect model was selected. Statistical analysis performed by Stata software version 17. RESULTS Eight studies were included for qualitative and four for quantitative analysis. There was an inverse statistically significant relationship between maternal stress and newborn TL; A one score increase in maternal psychological stress resulted in a 0.04 decrease in the TL of the newborn (B = -0.04, 95% CI = [-0.08, 0.00], p = 0.05). Selectivity analysis showed that the pooled effect size was sensitive to one study; After removing this study, the pooled effect size remained significant (B = -0.06, 95% CI = [-0. 10, -0.02], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Physiological and environmental factors can significantly affect the TL of newborns. Our results support a significant impact of maternal psychological stress on the TL of a newborn. This association demonstrates the significance of stress in influencing the telomere length, which can be a contributing factor in the infant's future. Therefore, recognizing this association is crucial for understanding and addressing potential health risks and necessitates the need for additional future studies to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Moshfeghinia
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Torabi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Mostafavi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Rahbar
- Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Erfan Sadeghi
- Research Consultation Center (RCC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jennifer Mootz
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NYC, USA.
| | - Hossein Molavi Vardanjani
- MD-MPH Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Shiraz, Iran.
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10
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Bey G, Pike J, Palta P, Zannas A, Xiao Q, Love SA, Heiss G. Biological Age Mediates the Effects of Perceived Neighborhood Problems on Heart Failure Risk Among Black Persons. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023; 10:3018-3030. [PMID: 36469285 PMCID: PMC10322228 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01476-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed whether biological age, measured by the epigenetic clock GrimAge, mediates the association of objective and subjective neighborhood disadvantage with incident HF among Black persons. METHODS Participants were 1448 self-reported Black adults (mean age (standard deviation, SD) = 64.3 (5.5)) dually enrolled in two community-based cohorts in Jackson, Mississippi, the ARIC and JHS cohorts, who were free of HF as of January 1, 2000. Incident HF events leading to hospitalization through December 31, 2017, were classified using ICD-9 discharge codes of HF. Multilevel age- and sex-adjusted Cox causal mediation models were used to examine whether biological age (at the person and neighborhood level) mediated the effects of objective (the National Area Deprivation Index, ADI) and subjective (perceived neighborhood problems) neighborhood disadvantage on incident HF. RESULTS A total of 334 incident hospitalized HF events occurred over a median follow-up of 18.0 years. The total effect of the ADI and perceived neighborhood problems (SD units) on HF was hazard ration (HR) = 1.26 and 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98-1.56 and HR = 1.26 and 95% CI 1.10-1.41, respectively. GrimAge mediated a majority of the effect of perceived neighborhood problems on HF (person-level indirect effect HR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.12 and neighborhood-level indirect effect HR = 1.18; 95% CI 1.03-1.34), with the combined indirect effect explaining 94.8% of the relationship. The combined indirect effect of ADI on incident HF was comparable but not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Subjective neighborhood disadvantage may confer an increased risk of HF among Black populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganga Bey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - James Pike
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Priya Palta
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Zannas
- Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shelly-Ann Love
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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11
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Zhang R, Wu M, Ma M, Liu B, Zhang X, Wei N, Wang T, Lv Y, Xu C, Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu F. Genetic evidence for the causal linkage between telomere length and aortic aneurysm risk: A Mendelian randomisation study. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14056. [PMID: 37392033 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of a clear causal relationship between telomere length and aortic aneurysms is limited by the potential for confounding or reverse causation effects. In this study, we used a Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach to investigate this putative causal association. METHODS In total, 118 telomere length-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, identified in 472,174 individuals of European ancestry, were used as the instrumental variables. Summary statistics for genome-wide association studies of aortic aneurysms were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. For the primary MR analyses, the inverse-variance weighted random-effects method was used and was supplemented with multivariable MR, weighted median and MR-Egger approaches. The MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test and 'leave-one-out' sensitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity and stability of the genetic variants. Forward and reverse MR analyses were performed. RESULTS All forward univariable MR analyses showed that longer telomere lengths decreased aortic aneurysm risks (total aortic aneurysms: OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.96, p = .015; thoracic aortic aneurysms: OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.98, p = .026; abdominal aortic aneurysms: OR = 0.525, 95% CI 0.398-0.69, p < .001), whereas all reverse MR analyses suggested the absence of aortic aneurysm liability on telomere length. The sensitivity analysis results were robust, and no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results support a possible causal association between telomere length and aortic aneurysms, providing new insights into the involvement of telomere biology in this condition and offering a potential avenue for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Meijuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Junkui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yulian Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
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12
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Evans JK, Usoh CO, Simpson FR, Espinoza S, Hazuda H, Pandey A, Beckner T, Espeland MA. Long-term Impact of a 10-Year Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on a Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index: Action for Health in Diabetes Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:2119-2126. [PMID: 36946420 PMCID: PMC10613011 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidomain lifestyle interventions may slow aging as captured by deficit accumulation frailty indices; however, it is unknown whether benefits extend beyond intervention delivery. METHODS We developed a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI-E) to span the 10 years that the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) randomized controlled clinical trial delivered interventions (a multidomain lifestyle intervention focused on caloric restriction, increased physical activity, and diet compared to a control condition) and to extend across an additional 8 years post-delivery. The study cohort included 5 145 individuals, aged 45-76 years at enrollment, who had type 2 diabetes and either obesity or overweight. RESULTS Overall, FI-E scores were relatively lower among lifestyle participants throughout follow-up, averaging 0.0130 [95% confidence interval: 0.0104, 0.0156] (p < .001) less across the 18 years. During Years 1-8, the mean relative difference between control and lifestyle participants' FI-E scores was 0.0139 [0.0115, 0.0163], approximately 10% of the baseline level. During Years 9-18, this average difference was 0.0107 [0.0066, 0.0148]. Benefits were comparable for individuals grouped by baseline age and body mass index and sex but were not evident for those entering the trial with a history of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Multidomain lifestyle intervention may slow biological aging long term, as captured by an FI-E. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT00017953.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni K Evans
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chinenye O Usoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Felicia R Simpson
- Department of Mathematics, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sara Espinoza
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Helen Hazuda
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tara Beckner
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Sato M, Wai KM, Itoh K, Yang Y, Uchikawa Y, Ito Y, Nakaji S, Ihara K. Does the Protective Effect of Zinc on Telomere Length Depend on the Presence of Hypertension or Type 2 Diabetes? Results from the Iwaki Health Promotion Project, Japan. Nutrients 2023; 15:4373. [PMID: 37892448 PMCID: PMC10609662 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres, repeated TTAGGG sequences at chromosomal ends, shorten with age and indicate cellular lifespan. Zinc can protect against telomere damage through its anti-oxidative effect. Meanwhile, telomere shortening was correlated with metabolic diseases of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the association between zinc and telomere length differs by the presence or absence of hypertension/type 2 diabetes. This is a cross-sectional study with 1064 participants of the Iwaki area, Japan. Multiple linear regression models were performed to test the hypothesis. A higher serum zinc concentration was significantly associated with a longer G-tail length (β = 48.11, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 25.69, 70.54, p < 0.001). By multivariate linear regression analysis, there was a significant positive association between zinc and G-tail length in both hypertensive (β = 46.84, 95%CI: 9.69, 84.0, p = 0.014) and non-hypertensive groups (β = 49.47, 95%CI: 20.75, 78.18, p = 0.001), while the association was significant only in the non-diabetes group (β = 50.82, 95%CI: 27.54, 74.11, p < 0.001). In conclusion, higher zinc concentration was significantly associated with longer G-tail length. The protective effect of zinc on G-tail did not differ by hypertension status; however, it disappeared in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahiro Sato
- School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Kyi Mar Wai
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan (Y.I.)
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Yichi Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan (Y.I.)
| | - Yuka Uchikawa
- Research and Development Division, MiRTeL Company Limited, Hiroshima 734-0001, Japan;
| | - Yukihiko Ito
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan (Y.I.)
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan (Y.I.)
- Innovation Center for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan (Y.I.)
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14
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Reddy KP, Eberly LA, Julien HM, Giri J, Fanaroff AC, Groeneveld PW, Khatana SAM, Nathan AS. Association between racial residential segregation and Black-White disparities in cardiovascular disease mortality. Am Heart J 2023; 264:143-152. [PMID: 37364747 PMCID: PMC10923556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial residential segregation is associated with racial health inequities, but it is unclear if segregation may exacerbate Black-White disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This study aimed to assess associations between Black-White residential segregation, CVD mortality rates among non-Hispanic (NH) Black and NH White populations, and Black-White disparities in CVD mortality. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed Black-White residential segregation, as measured by county-level interaction index, of US counties, county-level CVD mortality among NH White and NH black adults aged 25 years and older, and county-level Black-White disparities in CVD mortality in years 2014 to 2017. Age-adjusted, county-level NH Black CVD mortality rates and NH White cardiovascular disease mortality rates, as well as group-level relative risk ratios for Black-White cardiovascular disease mortality, were calculated. Sequential generalized linear models adjusted for county-level socioeconomic and neighborhood factors were used to estimate associations between residential segregation and cardiovascular mortality rates among NH Black and NH White populations. Relative risk ratio tests were used to compare Black-White disparities in the most segregated counties to disparities in the least segregated counties. RESULTS We included 1,286 counties with ≥5% Black populations in the main analysis. Among adults aged ≥25 years, there were 2,611,560 and 408,429 CVD deaths among NH White and NH Black individuals, respectively. In the unadjusted model, counties in the highest tertile of segregation had 9% higher (95% CI, 1%-20% higher, P = .04) rates of NH Black CVD mortality than counties in the lowest tertile of segregation. In the multivariable adjusted model, the most segregated counties had 15% higher (95% CI, 0.5% to 38% higher, P = .04) rates of NH Black CVD mortality than the least segregated counties. In the most segregated counties, NH Black individuals were 33% more likely to die of CVD than NH White individuals (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.33, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Counties with increased Black-White residential segregation have higher rates of NH Black CVD mortality and larger Black-White disparities in CVD mortality. Identifying the causal mechanisms through which racial residential segregation widens disparities in CVD mortality requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriyana P Reddy
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Lauren A Eberly
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Justice, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Howard M Julien
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Justice, Philadelphia, PA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jay Giri
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexander C Fanaroff
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Peter W Groeneveld
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sameed Ahmed M Khatana
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ashwin S Nathan
- Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
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15
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Šetinc M, Zajc Petranović M, Slivšek G, Mijač S, Celinščak Ž, Stojanović Marković A, Bišof V, Peričić Salihović M, Škarić-Jurić T. Genes Involved in DNA Damage Cell Pathways and Health of the Oldest-Old (85+). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1806. [PMID: 37761946 PMCID: PMC10530973 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Some sources report a connection of cellular senescence with chronic pathological conditions; however, the association between particular cellular processes and general health is rarely examined. This study aims to test the relationship of general health with DNA damage pathways that play a crucial role in senescence. The association of ten selected SNPs with subjective and objective general health and functional ability indicators has been tested in 314 oldest-old people from Croatia. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to simultaneously test the impact of variables potentially influencing targeted health and functional ability variables. The best model, explaining 37.1% of the variance, has six independent significant predictors of functional ability scores: rs16847897 in TERC, rs533984 in MRE11A, and rs4977756 in CDKN2B, chronic disease count, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, and age at surveying. In conclusion, the examined ten loci involved in DNA damage repair pathways showed a more significant association with self-rated health and functional ability than with the number of disease or prescribed medicaments. The more frequent, longevity-related homozygote (GG) in rs16847897 was associated with all three aspects of self-assessments-health, mobility, and independence-indicating that this TERC locus might have a true impact on the overall vitality of the oldest-old persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Šetinc
- Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Š.); (Ž.C.); (A.S.M.); (M.P.S.); (T.Š.-J.)
| | - Matea Zajc Petranović
- Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Š.); (Ž.C.); (A.S.M.); (M.P.S.); (T.Š.-J.)
| | - Goran Slivšek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.S.); (S.M.); (V.B.)
| | - Sandra Mijač
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.S.); (S.M.); (V.B.)
- Department of Science and Research, Children’s Hospital Srebrnjak, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željka Celinščak
- Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Š.); (Ž.C.); (A.S.M.); (M.P.S.); (T.Š.-J.)
| | - Anita Stojanović Marković
- Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Š.); (Ž.C.); (A.S.M.); (M.P.S.); (T.Š.-J.)
| | - Vesna Bišof
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.S.); (S.M.); (V.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marijana Peričić Salihović
- Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Š.); (Ž.C.); (A.S.M.); (M.P.S.); (T.Š.-J.)
| | - Tatjana Škarić-Jurić
- Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.Š.); (Ž.C.); (A.S.M.); (M.P.S.); (T.Š.-J.)
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16
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Nock S, Karim E, Unsworth AJ. Pim Kinases: Important Regulators of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11582. [PMID: 37511341 PMCID: PMC10380471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pim Kinases; Pim-1, Pim-2, and Pim-3, are a family of constitutively active serine/threonine kinases, widely associated with cell survival, proliferation, and migration. Historically considered to be functionally redundant, independent roles for the individual isoforms have been described. Whilst most established for their role in cancer progression, there is increasing evidence for wider pathological roles of Pim kinases within the context of cardiovascular disease, including inflammation, thrombosis, and cardiac injury. The Pim kinase isoforms have widespread expression in cardiovascular tissues, including the heart, coronary artery, aorta, and blood, and have been demonstrated to be upregulated in several co-morbidities/risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Pim kinase inhibition may thus be a desirable therapeutic for a multi-targeted approach to treat cardiovascular disease and some of the associated risk factors. In this review, we discuss what is known about Pim kinase expression and activity in cells of the cardiovascular system, identify areas where the role of Pim kinase has yet to be fully explored and characterised and review the suitability of targeting Pim kinase for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda J. Unsworth
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
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17
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Rampersaud R, Wu GWY, Reus VI, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES, Hough CM, Mellon SH, Wolkowitz OM. Shorter telomere length predicts poor antidepressant response and poorer cardiometabolic indices in major depression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10238. [PMID: 37353495 PMCID: PMC10290110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is a marker of biological aging, and shorter telomeres have been associated with several medical and psychiatric disorders, including cardiometabolic dysregulation and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In addition, studies have shown shorter TL to be associated with poorer response to certain psychotropic medications, and our previous work suggested shorter TL and higher telomerase activity (TA) predicts poorer response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) treatment. Using a new group of unmedicated medically healthy individuals with MDD (n = 48), we sought to replicate our prior findings demonstrating that peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) TL and TA predict response to SSRI treatment and to identify associations between TL and TA with biological stress mediators and cardiometabolic risk indices. Our results demonstrate that longer pre-treatment TL was associated with better response to SSRI treatment (β = .407 p = .007). Additionally, we observed that TL had a negative relationship with allostatic load (β = - .320 p = .017) and a cardiometabolic risk score (β = - .300 p = .025). Our results suggest that PBMC TL reflects, in part, the cumulative effects of physiological stress and cardiovascular risk in MDD and may be a biomarker for predicting SSRI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Rampersaud
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Gwyneth W Y Wu
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Victor I Reus
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elissa S Epel
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christina M Hough
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Synthia H Mellon
- Department of OB-GYN and Reproductive Sciences, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
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18
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Hill C, Duffy S, Kettyle LM, McGlynn L, Sandholm N, Salem RM, Thompson A, Swan EJ, Kilner J, Rossing P, Shiels PG, Lajer M, Groop PH, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Differential Methylation of Telomere-Related Genes Is Associated with Kidney Disease in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051029. [PMID: 37239390 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents a major global health problem. Accelerated ageing is a key feature of DKD and, therefore, characteristics of accelerated ageing may provide useful biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Harnessing multi-omics, features affecting telomere biology and any associated methylome dysregulation in DKD were explored. Genotype data for nuclear genome polymorphisms in telomere-related genes were extracted from genome-wide case-control association data (n = 823 DKD/903 controls; n = 247 end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)/1479 controls). Telomere length was established using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Quantitative methylation values for 1091 CpG sites in telomere-related genes were extracted from epigenome-wide case-control association data (n = 150 DKD/100 controls). Telomere length was significantly shorter in older age groups (p = 7.6 × 10-6). Telomere length was also significantly reduced (p = 6.6 × 10-5) in DKD versus control individuals, with significance remaining after covariate adjustment (p = 0.028). DKD and ESKD were nominally associated with telomere-related genetic variation, with Mendelian randomisation highlighting no significant association between genetically predicted telomere length and kidney disease. A total of 496 CpG sites in 212 genes reached epigenome-wide significance (p ≤ 10-8) for DKD association, and 412 CpG sites in 193 genes for ESKD. Functional prediction revealed differentially methylated genes were enriched for Wnt signalling involvement. Harnessing previously published RNA-sequencing datasets, potential targets where epigenetic dysregulation may result in altered gene expression were revealed, useful as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Hill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Seamus Duffy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Laura M Kettyle
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Liane McGlynn
- College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rany M Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alex Thompson
- School of Medicine, The Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Swan
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Jill Kilner
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Peter Rossing
- Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark and Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center, 2730 Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul G Shiels
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Davidson Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Maria Lajer
- Steno Diabetes Center, 2730 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Alexander Peter Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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19
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Morena E, Romano C, Marconi M, Diamant S, Buscarinu MC, Bellucci G, Romano S, Scarabino D, Salvetti M, Ristori G. Peripheral Biomarkers in Manifest and Premanifest Huntington's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076051. [PMID: 37047023 PMCID: PMC10094222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is characterized by clinical motor impairment (e.g., involuntary movements, poor coordination, parkinsonism), cognitive deficits, and psychiatric symptoms. An inhered expansion of the CAG triplet in the huntingtin gene causing a pathogenic gain-of-function of the mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein has been identified. In this review, we focus on known biomarkers (e.g., mHTT, neurofilament light chains) and on new biofluid biomarkers that can be quantified in plasma or peripheral blood mononuclear cells from mHTT carriers. Circulating biomarkers may fill current unmet needs in HD management: better stratification of patients amenable to etiologic treatment; the initiation of preventive treatment in premanifest HD; and the identification of peripheral pathogenic central nervous system cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Morena
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Romano
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Marconi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Selene Diamant
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Buscarinu
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Bellucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Romano
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Scarabino
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ristori
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
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20
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Campisi M, Mastrangelo G, Mielżyńska-Švach D, Hoxha M, Bollati V, Baccarelli AA, Carta A, Porru S, Pavanello S. The effect of high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on biological aging indicators. Environ Health 2023; 22:27. [PMID: 36927494 PMCID: PMC10022060 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging represents a serious health and socioeconomic concern for our society. However, not all people age in the same way and air pollution has been shown to largely impact this process. We explored whether polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), excellent fossil and wood burning tracers, accelerate biological aging detected by lymphocytes DNA methylation age (DNAmAge) and telomere length (TL), early nuclear DNA (nDNA) hallmarks of non-mitotic and mitotic cellular aging, and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn). METHODS The study population consisted of 49 male noncurrent-smoking coke-oven workers and 44 matched controls. Occupational and environmental sources of PAH exposures were evaluated by structured questionnaire and internal dose (urinary 1-pyrenol). We estimated Occup_PAHs, the product of 1-pyrenol and years of employment as coke-oven workers, and Environ_PAHs, from multiple items (diet, indoor and outdoor). Biological aging was determined by DNAmAge, via pyrosequencing, and by TL and mtDNAcn, via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Genomic instability markers in lymphocytes as target dose [anti-benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide (anti-BPDE)-DNA adduct], genetic instability (micronuclei), gene-specific (p53, IL6 and HIC1) and global (Alu and LINE-1 repeats) DNA methylation, and genetic polymorphisms (GSTM1) were also evaluated in the latent variable nDNA_changes. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis evaluated these multifaceted relationships. RESULTS In univariate analysis, biological aging was higher in coke-oven workers than controls as detected by higher percentage of subjects with biological age older than chronological age (AgeAcc ≥ 0, p = 0.007) and TL (p = 0.038), mtDNAcn was instead similar. Genomic instability, i.e., genotoxic and epigenetic alterations (LINE-1, p53 and Alu) and latent variable nDNA_changes were higher in workers (p < 0.001). In SEM analysis, DNAmAge and TL were positively correlated with Occup_PAHs (p < 0.0001). Instead, mtDNAcn is positively correlated with the latent variable nDNA_changes (p < 0.0001) which is in turn triggered by Occup_PAHs and Environ_PAHs. CONCLUSIONS Occupational PAHs exposure influences DNAmAge and TL, suggesting that PAHs target both non-mitotic and mitotic mechanisms and made coke-oven workers biologically older. Also, differences in mtDNAcn, which is modified through nDNA alterations, triggered by environmental and occupational PAH exposure, suggested a nuclear-mitochondrial core-axis of aging. By decreasing this risky gerontogenic exposure, biological aging and the consequent age-related diseases could be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Campisi
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mastrangelo
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Mirjam Hoxha
- Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Dipartimento Di Scienze Cliniche E Di Comunità, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italia
| | - Valentina Bollati
- Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab, Dipartimento Di Scienze Cliniche E Di Comunità, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italia
- UO Epidemiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italia
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela Carta
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona and Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Porru
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona and Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- Padua Hospital, Occupational Medicine Unit, Padua, Italy.
- University Center for Space Studies and Activities "Giuseppe Colombo" - CISAS. University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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21
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Vostatek R, Hohensinner P, Nopp S, Haider P, Englisch C, Pointner J, Pabinger I, Ay C. Association of telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number, two biomarkers of biological aging, with the risk of venous thromboembolism. Thromb Res 2023; 223:168-173. [PMID: 36758285 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cardiovascular disease and occurs in all age groups, albeit the risk increases considerably with age. Previous research indicates mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere shortening in cardiovascular aging. However, in the context of VTE this has not been investigated in detail. AIM We aimed to explore biomarkers reflecting biological aging (i.e. human mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA) and telomere length) and their association with VTE. METHODS mtDNA and telomere length were measured in a case-control study of 116 patients with a history of VTE and 128 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals from isolated blood using a qPCR-based assay kit. Cases had at least one unprovoked VTE event and were enrolled no earlier than 3 months after the last VTE event. RESULTS The mtDNA copy number was significantly lower in VTE cases compared to controls (median [IQR]: 663 per diploid cells [78.75-2204.5] vs. 2832 per diploid cells [724-4350]; p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and smoking, mtDNA copy number was independently associated with VTE risk (odds ratio per increase in 400 mtDNA per diploid cell: 0.889, 95%CI 0.834-0.947). mtDNA copy numbers were significantly different between women and men (2375 [455-3737] women vs. 893 [152-3154] men; p < 0.001). The analysis of telomere length showed no significant difference between patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION Lower mtDNA levels were found in patients with VTE compared to controls, indicating an association of biological aging with risk of VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Vostatek
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Hohensinner
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Nopp
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Haider
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Englisch
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Pointner
- Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Cihan Ay
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria.
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22
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Hill C, Duffy S, Coulter T, Maxwell AP, McKnight AJ. Harnessing Genomic Analysis to Explore the Role of Telomeres in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:609. [PMID: 36980881 PMCID: PMC10048490 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, and this trend is predicted to continue for future decades. Research is needed to uncover new ways to manage diabetes and its co-morbidities. A significant secondary complication of diabetes is kidney disease, which can ultimately result in the need for renal replacement therapy, via dialysis or transplantation. Diabetic kidney disease presents a substantial burden to patients, their families and global healthcare services. This review highlights studies that have harnessed genomic, epigenomic and functional prediction tools to uncover novel genes and pathways associated with DKD that are useful for the identification of therapeutic targets or novel biomarkers for risk stratification. Telomere length regulation is a specific pathway gaining attention recently because of its association with DKD. Researchers are employing both observational and genetics-based studies to identify telomere-related genes associated with kidney function decline in diabetes. Studies have also uncovered novel functions for telomere-related genes beyond the immediate regulation of telomere length, such as transcriptional regulation and inflammation. This review summarises studies that have revealed the potential to harness therapeutics that modulate telomere length, or the associated epigenetic modifications, for the treatment of DKD, to potentially slow renal function decline and reduce the global burden of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Hill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Seamus Duffy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Tiernan Coulter
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Alexander Peter Maxwell
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Amy Jayne McKnight
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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23
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Telomere length dynamics measured by flow-FISH in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Sci Rep 2023; 13:304. [PMID: 36609582 PMCID: PMC9818052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has negative effects on comorbidities, health-related quality of life and survival. Telomere length (TL) changes after bariatric surgery have been reported, but the studies are contradictory, and analyses using state-of-the art techniques for TL measurement, such as flow-FISH, are sparse. We measured TL dynamics via flow-FISH in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and compared their TL with 105 healthy individuals. Patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery were included. Lymphocyte and granulocyte absolute and age-adjusted (aa) TL were analyzed by flow-FISH before (preoperative cohort, n = 45) and after surgery (follow-up cohort, n = 35) at month 5.5 ± 3.9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD]). The initial lymphocyte aaTL was significantly shorter (-0.37 kb ± 0.18 kb, P = 0.045) in patients with obesity, while the granulocyte aaTL was not different from that in the healthy comparison population (0.28 kb ± 0.17 kb, P = 0.11). The telomere dynamics after surgery showed an increase in mean TL in both lymphocytes and granulocytes of patients with a pronounced BMI loss of ≥ 10 kg/m2. We did not find any association between TL increase after surgery and age, sex or the type of procedure selected for bariatric surgery. We confirmed that patients suffering from obesity have significantly shorter lymphocyte TL using flow-FISH. Along with and dependent on the degree of weight reduction after bariatric surgery, TL significantly increased in both lymphocytes and granulocytes after a mean of 5.5 months. Our results show that bariatric surgery affects not only body weight but also biomarkers of aging, such as TL.
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Chowdhury SG, Misra S, Karmakar P. Understanding the Impact of Obesity on Ageing in the Radiance of DNA Metabolism. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:314-328. [PMID: 37248755 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1912-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a multi-factorial phenomenon which is considered as a major risk factor for the development of neurodegeneration, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, dementia, cancer, and other chronic diseases. Phenotypically, ageing is related with a combination of molecular, cellular, and physiological levels like genomic and epi-genomic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulation of cellular and subcellular function and mitochondrial dysfunction. Though, no single molecular mechanism accounts for the functional decline of different organ systems in older humans but accumulation of DNA damage or mutations is a dominant theory which contributes largely to the development of ageing and age-related diseases. However, mechanistic, and hierarchical order of these features of ageing has not been clarified yet. Scientific community now focus on the effect of obesity on accelerated ageing process. Obesity is a complex chronic disease that affects multiple organs and tissues. It can not only lead to various health conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease but also can decrease life expectancy which shows similar phenotype of ageing. Higher loads of DNA damage were also observed in the genome of obese people. Thus, inability of DNA damage repair may contribute to both ageing and obesity apart from cancer predisposition. The present review emphasizes on the involvement of molecular phenomenon of DNA metabolism in development of obesity and how it accelerates ageing in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Chowdhury
- Parimal Karmakar, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
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25
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Varghese LN, Schwenke DO, Katare R. Role of noncoding RNAs in cardiac ageing. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1142575. [PMID: 37034355 PMCID: PMC10073704 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1142575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is estimated to reach 9.8 billion by 2050, of which 2.1 billion will comprise individuals above 60 years of age. As the number of elderly is estimated to double from 2017, it is a victory of the modern healthcare system but also worrisome as ageing, and the onset of chronic disease are correlated. Among other chronic conditions, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the aged population. While the underlying cause of the age-associated development of CVDs is not fully understood, studies indicate the role of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lnc-RNAs) in the development of age-associated CVDs. miRNAs and lnc-RNAs are non-coding RNAs which control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The expression of specific miRNAs and lnc-RNAs are reportedly dysregulated with age, leading to cardiovascular system changes and ultimately causing CVDs. Since miRNAs and lnc-RNAs play several vital roles in maintaining the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system, they are also being explored for their therapeutic potential as a treatment for CVDs. This review will first explore the pathophysiological changes associated with ageing. Next, we will review the known mechanisms underlying the development of CVD in ageing with a specific focus on miRNA and lnc-RNAs. Finally, we will discuss the therapeutic options and future challenges towards healthy cardiac ageing. With the global ageing population on the rise, this review will provide a fundamental understanding of some of the underlying molecular mechanisms of cardiac ageing.
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26
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Sagris M, Theofilis P, Antonopoulos AS, Tsioufis K, Tousoulis D. Telomere Length: A Cardiovascular Biomarker and a Novel Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416010. [PMID: 36555658 PMCID: PMC9781338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial disease with a high prevalence, particularly in developing countries. Currently, the investigation of telomeres as a potential tool for the early detection of the atherosclerotic disease seems to be a promising method. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the extremities of chromosomes that maintain genetic stability. Telomere length (TL) has been associated with several human disorders and diseases while its attrition rate varies significantly in the population. The rate of TL shortening ranges between 20 and 50 bp and is affected by factors such as the end-replication phenomenon, oxidative stress, and other DNA-damaging agents. In this review, we delve not only into the pathophysiology of TL shortening but also into its association with cardiovascular disease and the progression of atherosclerosis. We also provide current and future treatment options based on TL and telomerase function, trying to highlight the importance of these cutting-edge developments and their clinical relevance.
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27
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Leukocyte Telomere Length as Potential Biomarker of HD Progression: A Follow-Up Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113449. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington’s disease (HD) is crucial for monitoring disease progression and therapeutic trial outcomes, especially in the pre-manifest disease stage (pre-HD). In a previous study, we observed that leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was strongly correlated with the estimated time to clinical onset in pre-HD subjects. To validate this hypothesis, we designed a follow-up study in which we analyzed LTL in 45 pre-HD stage subjects at baseline (T0) and then again after clinical onset at follow-up (T1); the follow-up interval was about 3 years, and the CAG range was 39–51 repeats; 90 peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples (PBMCs) were obtained from the Enroll-HD biorepository. In pre-HD subjects at T0, LTL was significantly reduced by 22% compared to the controls and by 14% from T0 at T1. No relationship was observed between the LTL and CAG numbers in subjects carrying different CAG repeats at T0 and at T1, suggesting that LTL reduction occurs independently of CAG number in pre-HD subjects. ROC curve analysis was used to test the validity of LTL as a potential biomarker of HD progression and showed that LTL measurement is extremely accurate in discriminating pre-HD subjects from the controls and even pre-HD from manifest HD, thus yielding a robust prognostic value in pre-HD subjects.
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28
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Assavanopakun P, Sapbamrer R, Kumfu S, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Effects of air pollution on telomere length: Evidence from in vitro to clinical studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:120096. [PMID: 36067971 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution remains the major environmental problem globally. There is extensive evidence showing that the variety of air pollutants from environmental and occupational exposures cause adverse effects to our health. The clinical symptoms of those effects may present at a late stage, so surveillance is difficult to manage. Several biomarkers have been used for the early detection of health issues following exposure to air pollution, including the use of telomere length which indicates cellular senescence in response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is one of the most plausible mechanisms associated with exposure to air pollutants. Some specific contexts including age groups, gender, ethnicity, occupations, and health conditions, showed significant alterations in telomere length after exposure to air pollutants. Several reports demonstrated both negative and positive associations between telomere length and air pollution, the studies using different concentrations and exposure times to air pollution on the study of telomere lengths. Surprisingly, some studies reported that low levels of exposure to air pollutants (lower than regulated levels) caused the alterations in telomere length. Those findings suggest that telomere length could be one of most practical biomarkers in air pollution surveillance. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize and discuss the relationship between telomere length and exposure to air pollution. The knowledge from this review will be beneficial for the planning of public health to reduce health problems in the general population, particularly in vulnerable people, who still live in areas with high air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pheerasak Assavanopakun
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Ratana Sapbamrer
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sirinart Kumfu
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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29
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Iannarelli NJ, Wade TJ, Dempster KS, Moore J, MacNeil AJ, O'Leary DD. No Mediation Effect of Telomere Length or Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number on the Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Central Arterial Stiffness. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026619. [DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Previous reports have suggested that accelerated biological aging—indexed by telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn)—may contribute to associations between ACEs and cardiovascular health outcomes. Here, we examine the potential mediating effects of TL and mtDNAcn on the association between ACEs and central arterial stiffness—an intermediate cardiovascular health outcome—as a novel pathway linking ACEs to CVD risk among young adults.
Methods and Results
One hundred and eighty‐five (n=102 women; mean age, 22.5±1.5 years) individuals provided information on ACEs. TL (kb per diploid cell) and mtDNAcn (copies per diploid cell) were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques. Central arterial stiffness was measured as carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV; m/s). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations between ACEs, TL, mtDNAcn, and cfPWV. ACEs were positively associated with cfPWV (
β
=0.147,
P
=0.035). TL (
β
=−0.170,
P
=0.011) and mtDNAcn (
β
=−0.159,
P
=0.019) were inversely associated with cfPWV. Neither TL (
β
=−0.027,
P
=0.726) nor mtDNAcn (
β
=0.038,
P
=0.620) was associated with ACEs. Neither marker mediated the association between ACEs and cfPWV.
Conclusions
An increasing number of ACEs were associated with a faster cfPWV and thus, a greater degree of central arterial stiffness. ACEs were not associated with either TL or mtDNAcn, suggesting that these markers do not represent a mediating pathway linking ACEs to central arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J. Iannarelli
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
- Brock‐Niagara Centre for Health and Well‐Being Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
| | - Terrance J. Wade
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
- Brock‐Niagara Centre for Health and Well‐Being Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
| | - Kylie S. Dempster
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
- Brock‐Niagara Centre for Health and Well‐Being Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
| | - Jessy Moore
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
| | - Adam J. MacNeil
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
| | - Deborah D. O'Leary
- Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
- Brock‐Niagara Centre for Health and Well‐Being Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada
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30
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Yang L, Guo H, Hou T, Li F. Uncovering the Interaction between Intracellular Telomerase Activity and Hydrogen Peroxide during Cancer Cell Apoptosis Utilizing a Dual-Color Fluorescent Nanoprobe. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15162-15169. [PMID: 36256448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Uncovering the intrinsic interaction of different bioactive species, i.e., reactive oxygen species (ROS) and telomerase, is of great importance because they play interrelated and interdependent biological roles in living organisms. Nevertheless, exploration of the intracellular ROS/telomerase cross-talk by effective and noninvasive methods remains a great challenge, as it is difficult to simultaneously detect different types of biomolecules (i.e., active small molecules and proteins) in living cells. To address this issue, herein, we report, for the first time, a novel fluorescent nanoprobe for simultaneous determination and in situ imaging of telomerase activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in living cells. With the advantage of high sensitivity and good specificity, this newly fabricated nanoprobe was successfully applied to precisely visualize and monitor the changes in telomerase activity and H2O2 concentration in cancer cells. More significantly, by employing the nanoprobe as a one-step incubation tool, it is found that there is a cross-talk between H2O2 and telomerase activity in the drug-induced cancer cells' apoptosis process, which provides valuable information for gaining fundamental insights into the relationship between ROS and telomerase activity in cancer treatments. This work affords a promising method for revealing the relevant regulatory mechanisms and roles of ROS and telomerase activity in the occurrence, evolvement, and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Guo
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Hou
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
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31
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De Ruyter T, Martens DS, Bijnens EM, Nawrot TS, De Henauw S, Michels N. A multi-exposure approach to study telomere dynamics in childhood: A role for residential green space and waist circumference. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113656. [PMID: 35691385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres are vulnerable to various environmental exposures and lifestyle factors, encompassed in the exposome. Recent research shows that telomere length is substantially determined early in life and that exposures in childhood may have important consequences in setting later life telomere length. OBJECTIVES We explore in a child population the associations of 17 exposures with telomere length and longitudinal telomere change. METHODS Children (2.8-10.3y at baseline, 51.3% boys) were followed-up for five to seven years. Relative telomere length was measured at baseline and follow-up using quantitative real-time PCR. Exposures and lifestyle factors included: body composition (body mass index and waist circumference), dietary habits (sugar- and fat-rich food intake, vegetables and fruit intake), psychosocial stress (events, emotions, behaviour), sleep duration, physical activity, and residential environmental quality (longterm black carbon, particulate matter exposure, and residential green space). Cross-sectional (n=182) and longitudinal (n=150) analyses were assessed using linear regression models, adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status and multiple testing. RESULTS Our longitudinal analyses showed that higher residential green space at baseline was associated with (β=0.261, p=0.002) lower telomere attrition and that children with a higher waist circumference at baseline showed a higher telomere attrition (β=-0.287, p=0.001). These two predictors were confirmed via LASSO variable selection and correction for multiple testing. In addition, children with more unhealthy exposures at baseline had a significantly higher telomere attrition over the follow-up period compared to children with more healthy exposures (β=-0.200, p=0.017). DISCUSSION Waist circumference and residential green space were identified as predictors associated with telomere attrition in childhood. These results further support the advantages of a healthy lifestyle from early age onwards and the importance of a green environment to promote molecular longevity from childhood onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaïs De Ruyter
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Esmée M Bijnens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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32
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Kahrizi MS, Patra I, Jalil AT, Achmad H, Alesaeidi S, Al-Gazally ME, Alesaeidi S. Leukocyte telomere length and obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:861101. [PMID: 36160016 PMCID: PMC9490371 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.861101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have revealed the negative effects of adiposity on telomere length shortening. However, the results of the studies assessing the negative relationship between obesity and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) are not consistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis are aimed to pool the results of articles assessing the relationship between obesity and LTL among children and adolescents. Methods: To retrieve the related studies, four online databases including PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, and Scopus were searched until May 2022. Observational studies evaluating the relationship between obesity and LTL among apparently healthy children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) were included in the study. We considered the studies that had reported a mean ± standard deviation of LTL. The random-effects model was used to assess the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The search yielded seven studies from an initial 3,403 records identified. According to the results of seven articles with 4,546 participants, obesity was associated with LTL shortening among children and adolescents (WMD = -0.081; 95% CI: -0.137 to -0.026; p = 0.004; I2 = 99.9%). Also, no publication bias was observed. According to the results of subgrouping, significant results were only attributed to the studies conducted in Europe, with high quality scores, among overweight and obese adolescents, with a baseline LTL lower than 1, and performed in community-based school settings. Also, according to the subgrouping and meta-regression results, the obesity definition criteria and baseline LTL were the possible sources of between-study heterogeneity. Conclusion: We observed shorter LTL among overweight and obese children and adolescents. To obtain more reliable results, further longitudinal prospective studies with large sample sizes and more consistent and accurate definitions of obesity are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indrajit Patra
- An Independent Researcher, PhD from NIT Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Harun Achmad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Samira Alesaeidi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sogol Alesaeidi
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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33
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Hernandez L, Laucyte-Cibulskiene A, Ward LJ, Kautzky-Willer A, Herrero MT, Norris CM, Raparelli V, Pilote L, Stenvinkel P, Kublickiene K. Gender dimension in cardio-pulmonary continuum. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:916194. [PMID: 36003909 PMCID: PMC9393639 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.916194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-pulmonary diseases, which were once regarded as a man's illness, have been one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for both men and women in many countries in recent years. Both gender and sex influence the functional and structural changes in the human body and therefore play an important role in disease clinical manifestation, treatment choice, and/or response to treatment and prognosis of health outcomes. The gender dimension integrates sex and gender analysis in health sciences and medical research, however, it is still relatively overlooked suggesting the need for empowerment in the medical research community. Latest advances in the field of cardiovascular research have provided supportive evidence that the application of biological variables of sex has led to the understanding that heart disease in females may have different pathophysiology compared to males, particularly in younger adults. It has also resulted in new diagnostic techniques and a better understanding of symptomatology, while gender analysis has informed more appropriate risk stratification and prevention strategies. The existing knowledge in the pulmonary field shows the higher prevalence of pulmonary disorders among females, however, the role of gender as a socio-cultural construct has yet to be explored for the implementation of targeted interventions. The purpose of this review is to introduce the concept of gender dimension and its importance for the cardiopulmonary continuum with a focus on shared pathophysiology and disease presentation in addition to interrelation with chronic kidney disease. The review presents basic knowledge of what gender dimension means, and the application of sex and gender aspects in cardiovascular medicine with a specific focus on early pulmonary development, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Early vascular aging and inflammation have been presented as a potential pathophysiological link, with further interactions between the cardiopulmonary continuum and chronic kidney disease. Finally, implications for potential future research have been provided to increase the impact of gender dimension on research excellence that would add value to everybody, foster toward precision medicine and ultimately improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Hernandez
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agne Laucyte-Cibulskiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liam J. Ward
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria-Trinidad Herrero
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Institutes for Aging Research and Bio-Health Research of Murcia, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Colleen M. Norris
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cardiovascular and Stroke Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Valeria Raparelli
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Louise Pilote
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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34
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Daios S, Anogeianaki A, Kaiafa G, Kontana A, Veneti S, Gogou C, Karlafti E, Pilalas D, Kanellos I, Savopoulos C. Telomere Length as a marker of biological aging: A critical review of recent literature. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5478-5495. [PMID: 35838223 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220713123750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is characterized as a syndrome of deleterious, progressive, universal, and irreversible function changes affecting every structural and functional aspect of the organism and accompanied by a generalized increase in mortality. Although a substantial number of candidates for biomarkers of aging have been proposed, none has been validated or universally accepted. Human telomeres constitute hexameric repetitive DNA sequence nucleoprotein complexes that cap chromosome ends, regulating gene expression and modulating stress-related pathways. Telomere length (TL) shortening is observed both in cellular senescence and advanced age, leading to the investigation of TL as a biomarker for aging and a risk factor indicator for the development and progression of the most common age-related diseases. OBJECTIVE The present review underlines the connection between TL and the pathophysiology of the diseases associated with telomere attrition. METHODS We performed a structured search of the PubMed database for peer-reviewed research of the literature regarding leukocyte TL and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), more specifically stroke and heart disease, and focused on the relevant articles published during the last 5 years. We also applied Hill's criteria of causation to strengthen this association. RESULTS We analyzed the recent literature regarding TL length, stroke, and CVD. Although approximately one-third of the available studies support the connection, the results of different studies seem to be rather conflicting as a result of different study designs, divergent methods of TL determination, small study samples, and patient population heterogeneity. After applying Hill's criteria, we can observe that the literature conforms to them weakly, with chronology being the only Hill criterion of causality that probably cannot be contested. CONCLUSION The present review attempted to examine the purported relation between leukocyte TL and age-related diseases such as CVD and more specific stroke and heart disease in view of the best established, comprehensive, medical and epidemiological criteria that have characterized the focused recent relevant research. Although several recommendations have been made that may contribute significantly to the field, a call for novel technical approaches and studies is mandatory to further elucidate the possible association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stylianos Daios
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonia Anogeianaki
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Kaiafa
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kontana
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula Veneti
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christiana Gogou
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Karlafti
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Pilalas
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Kanellos
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Savopoulos
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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35
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Leukocyte Telomere Length as a Molecular Biomarker of Coronary Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071234. [PMID: 35886017 PMCID: PMC9318544 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. This work is a review of preclinical and clinical studies of the role of telomeres and telomerase in the development and progression of coronary heart disease (CHD). Materials and methods. A search for full-text publications (articles, reviews, meta-analyses, Cochrane reviews, and clinical cases) in English and Russian was carried out in the databases PubMed, Oxford University Press, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, and E-library electronic library using keywords and their combinations. The search depth is 11 years (2010–2021). Results. The review suggests that the relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with the development of socially significant and widespread cardiovascular diseases such as CHD and essential hypertension. At the same time, the interests of researchers are mainly focused on the study of the relative LTL in CHD. Conclusions. Despite the scientific and clinical significance of the analyzed studies of the relative length of human LTL as a biological marker of cardiovascular diseases, their implementation in real clinical practice is difficult due to differences in the design and methodology of the analyzed studies, as well as differences in the samples by gender, age, race, and ethnicity. The authors believe that clinical studies of the role of the relative length of leukocyte telomeres in adult patients with coronary heart disease are the most promising and require large multicenter studies with a unified design and methodology.
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36
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Salsbury A, Michel HM, Lemkul JA. Ion-Dependent Conformational Plasticity of Telomeric G-Hairpins and G-Quadruplexes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23368-23379. [PMID: 35847338 PMCID: PMC9280957 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Telomeric DNA is guanine-rich and can adopt structures such as G-quadruplexes (GQs) and G-hairpins. Telomeric GQs influence genome stability and telomerase activity, making understanding of enzyme-GQ interactions and dynamics important for potential drug design. GQs have a characteristic tetrad core, which is connected by loop regions. Within this architecture are G-hairpins, fold-back motifs that are thought to represent the first intermediate in GQ folding. To better understand the relationship between G-hairpin motifs and GQs, we performed polarizable simulations of a two-tetrad telomeric GQ and an isolated SC11 telomeric G-hairpin. The telomeric GQ contains a G-triad, which functions as part of the tetrad core or linker regions, depending on local conformational change. This triad and another motif below the tetrad core frequently bound ions and may represent druggable sites. Further, we observed the unbiased formation of a G-triad and a G-tetrad in simulations of the SC11 G-hairpin and found that cations can be partially hydrated while facilitating the formation of these motifs. Finally, we demonstrated that K+ ions form specific interactions with guanine bases, while Na+ ions interact nonspecifically with bases in the structure. Together, these simulations provide new insights into the influence of ions on GQs, G-hairpins, and G-triad motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa
M. Salsbury
- Department
of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Haley M. Michel
- Department
of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Justin A. Lemkul
- Department
of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Center
for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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37
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Poznyak AV, Sadykhov NK, Kartuesov AG, Borisov EE, Sukhorukov VN, Orekhov AN. Aging of Vascular System Is a Complex Process: The Cornerstone Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136926. [PMID: 35805936 PMCID: PMC9266404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the most intriguing processes of human ontogenesis. It is associated with the development of a wide variety of diseases affecting all organs and their systems. The victory over aging is the most desired goal of scientists; however, it is hardly achievable in the foreseeable future due to the complexity and ambiguity of the process itself. All body systems age, lose their performance, and structural disorders accumulate. The cardiovascular system is no exception. And it is cardiovascular diseases that occupy a leading position as a cause of death, especially among the elderly. The aging of the cardiovascular system is well described from a mechanical point of view. Moreover, it is known that at the cellular level, a huge number of mechanisms are involved in this process, from mitochondrial dysfunction to inflammation. It is on these mechanisms, as well as the potential for taking control of the aging of the cardiovascular system, that we focused on in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Poznyak
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Nikolay K. Sadykhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.S.); (A.G.K.)
| | - Andrey G. Kartuesov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.S.); (A.G.K.)
| | - Evgeny E. Borisov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vasily N. Sukhorukov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.S.); (A.G.K.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 2, Abrikosovsky Lane, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
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38
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Maternal serum telomerase levels increase in pregnancies with mild and severe preeclampsia. Placenta 2022; 123:41-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Khosravaniardakani S, Bokov DO, Mahmudiono T, Hashemi SS, Nikrad N, Rabieemotmaen S, Abbasalizad-Farhangi M. Obesity Accelerates Leukocyte Telomere Length Shortening in Apparently Healthy Adults: A Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:812846. [PMID: 35719148 PMCID: PMC9199514 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.812846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Shorter telomere length is associated with numerous comorbidities. Several studies have investigated the role of obesity in telomere shortening. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarized the results of studies that evaluated the association between obesity and telomere length. Methods A systematic search from Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and ProQuest electronic databases up to 19 March 2021 without language restriction was performed and after data extraction and screening, 19 manuscripts were eligible to be included in the final meta-synthesis. Results The highest category of telomere length was associated with an approximate 0.75 kg/m2 reduction in body mass index (BMI; WMD = -0.75 kg/m2; CI = -1.19, -0.31; p < 0.001; I 2 = 99.4%). Moreover, overweight/obese individuals had 0.036 kbp shorter telomere length compared with non-overweight/obese adults (WMD = -0.036; CI = -0.05, -0.02; p = 0.030; I 2 = 100%). According to the results of subgroupings, continent, age, and sample size could be possible sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion From the results, it was clear that obesity was associated with shorter telomere length. Because of the observational design of included studies, the causality inference of results should be done with caution; thus, further longitudinal studies are warranted for better inference of causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
| | - Trias Mahmudiono
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Seyedeh Sedigheh Hashemi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Negin Nikrad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shadi Rabieemotmaen
- Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Polho GB, Cardillo GM, Kerr DS, Chile T, Gattaz WF, Forlenza OV, Brentani HP, De-Paula VJ. Antipsychotics preserve telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after acute oxidative stress injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1156-1160. [PMID: 34558545 PMCID: PMC8552857 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.324852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotics may prolong or retain telomere length, affect mitochondrial function, and then affect the metabolism of nerve cells. To validate the hypothesis that antipsychotics can prolong telomere length after oxidative stress injury, leukocytes from healthy volunteers were extracted using Ficoll-Histopaque density gradient. The mononuclear cells layer was resuspended in cell culture medium. Oxidative stress was induced with hydrogen peroxide in cultured leukocytes. Four days later, leukocytes were treated with aripiprazole, haloperidol or clozapine for 7 days. Real-time PCR revealed that treatments with aripiprazole and haloperidol increased the telomere length by 23% and 20% in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after acute oxidative stress injury. These results suggest that haloperidol and aripiprazole can reduce the damage to telomeres induced by oxidative stress. The experiment procedure was approved by the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMUSP/CAAE approval No. 52622616.8.0000.0065).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel B. Polho
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Giancarlo M. Cardillo
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniel S. Kerr
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Thais Chile
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia (LIM-23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Wagner F. Gattaz
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Orestes V. Forlenza
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Helena P. Brentani
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia (LIM-23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Vanessa J. De-Paula
- Laboratório de Neurociências (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia (LIM-23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Howell MP, Jones CW, Herman CA, Mayne CV, Fernandez C, Theall KP, Esteves KC, Drury SS. Impact of prenatal tobacco smoking on infant telomere length trajectory and ADHD symptoms at 18 months: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Med 2022; 20:153. [PMID: 35477473 PMCID: PMC9047258 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal maternal tobacco smoking is a predictor of child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is associated with offspring telomere length (TL). In this study, we examine the relationship between maternal prenatal smoking, infant TL, and maternal report of early childhood symptoms of ADHD. METHODS One-hundred and eighty-one mother-infant dyads were followed prospectively for the infant's first 18 months of life. Prenatal smoking was assessed from maternal report and medical records. TL was measured from infant buccal swab DNA obtained across the first 18 months of life. ADHD symptoms were obtained from maternal report on the Child Behavior Check List. Multiple regression models tested the relation between prenatal smoking and both ADHD symptoms and infant TL. Additional analyses tested whether the change in infant TL influenced the relation between prenatal smoking and ADHD symptoms. RESULTS Sixteen percent of mothers reported prenatal smoking. Infant TL at 4, 12, and 18 months of age were correlated. Consistent with previous cross-sectional studies linking shorter offspring TL to maternal prenatal smoking, maternal prenatal smoking predicted greater telomere shortening from four to 18 months of infant age (β = - 5.797, 95% CI [-10.207, -1.386]; p = 0.010). Maternal depression was positively associated with both prenatal smoking (odds ratio (OR): 4.614, 95% CI [1.733, 12.282]; p = 0.002) and child ADHD symptoms (β = 4.713, 95% CI [2.073, 7.354]; p = 0.0006). To prevent confounding, analyses examined the relation between TL, ADHD symptoms, and prenatal smoking only in non-depressed mothers. In non-depressed mothers, infant TL attrition across the first 18 months moderated the relation between smoking and child ADHD. CONCLUSIONS The findings extend previous studies linking prenatal smoking to shorter infant TL by providing data demonstrating the effect on TL trajectory. The relation between prenatal smoking and early infant ADHD symptoms was moderated by the change in TL. The findings provide novel initial evidence suggesting that TL dynamics are one mechanistic pathway influencing the relation between maternal prenatal smoking and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan P Howell
- Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Christopher W Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cade A Herman
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Celia V Mayne
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Camilo Fernandez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Katherine P Theall
- Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Kyle C Esteves
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Stacy S Drury
- Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8526, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA.
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Boniewska-Bernacka E, Pańczyszyn A, Hobot J, Donizy P, Ziembik Z, Goc A, Klinger M. The Length of Leukocyte and Femoral Artery Telomeres in Patients with Peripheral Atherosclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040704. [PMID: 35456510 PMCID: PMC9030852 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The length of telomeres (TLs) that protect chromosome ends may reflect the age of cells as well as the degree of genetic material damage caused by external factors. Since leukocyte telomere length is associated with cardiovascular diseases, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether leukocyte TL reflects femoral artery wall telomeres of patients with atherosclerosis and lower limb ischemia. Samples of femoral artery wall and blood were collected from 32 patients qualified to surgical revascularization. The analysis included blood and artery wall telomere length measurement and biochemical parameters. The study indicated that there was a moderate correlation between artery wall TL and leukocyte TL. Leukocyte TL was, on average, two times shorter than artery wall TL and correlated with the number of white blood cells. In turn, artery TL was impacted by total cholesterol level. The results suggest that the length of leukocyte telomeres may reflect artery wall TL and indirectly reflect the processes taking place in the artery wall in patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Boniewska-Bernacka
- Medical Department, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, ul. Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (A.P.); (J.H.); (A.G.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Pańczyszyn
- Medical Department, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, ul. Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (A.P.); (J.H.); (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Jacek Hobot
- Medical Department, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, ul. Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (A.P.); (J.H.); (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Ziembik
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, 45-032 Opole, Poland;
| | - Anna Goc
- Medical Department, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, ul. Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (A.P.); (J.H.); (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Marian Klinger
- Medical Department, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Opole, ul. Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (A.P.); (J.H.); (A.G.); (M.K.)
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Jin JH, Kwon HS, Choi SH, Koh SH, Lee EH, Jeong JH, Jang JW, Park KW, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Hong JY, Yoon SJ, Yoon B, Park HH, Ha J, Park JE, Han MH. Association between sleep parameters and longitudinal shortening of telomere length. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2930-2944. [PMID: 35366243 PMCID: PMC9037260 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between sleep parameters and longitudinal shortening of telomere length is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep parameters and the shortening of leukocyte telomere length (LTL) over a year. METHODS Among the participants in the validation cohort of the Korea Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease, participants who measured both baseline and follow-up (two years later) of LTL were analyzed. They were dichotomized according to the degree of LTL attrition over two years. Clinical characteristics were compared between the faster and slower LTL shortening groups (cut-off points: -0.710 kbp, n = 119 each). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine independent relationships between faster shortening of LTL length and sleep parameters. RESULTS A total of 238 participants, aged 55-88 years, were included. Participants with faster LTL shortening had a shorter duration of sleep (P = 0.013) and longer sleep latency (P = 0.007). Among the components of the PSQI, subjective measures of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency were significantly worse in participants with faster LTL shortening. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sleep duration (per hour, OR = 0.831, 95% CI = 0.698-0.989), sleep latency (per minute, OR = 1.013, 95% CI = 1.002-1.024), global PSQI score (OR = 1.134, 95% CI = 1.040-1.236), shortest sleep duration (OR = 5.173, 95% CI = 1.563-17.126), and lowest sleep efficiency (OR = 7.351, 95% CI = 1.943-27.946) were independently associated with faster LTL shortening. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality, specifically short sleep duration, long sleep latency, and low sleep efficiency were associated with faster longitudinal shortening of LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Jin
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Sung Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Hong
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Park
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsoon Ha
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
- GemVax & Kael Co. Ltd., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hoon Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea
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Herrera-Moreno JF, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Wu H, Bloomquist TR, Rosa MJ, Just AC, Lamadrid-Figueroa H, Téllez-Rojo MM, Wright RO, Baccarelli AA. Prenatal lead exposure, telomere length in cord blood, and DNA methylation age in the PROGRESS prenatal cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112577. [PMID: 34921825 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead is a ubiquitous pollutant with deleterious effects on human health and remains a major current public health concern in developing countries. This heavy metal may interfere with nucleic acids via oxidative stress or epigenetic changes that affect biological markers of aging, e.g., telomere length and DNA methylation (DNAm). Telomere shortening associates with biological age in newborns, and DNA methylation at specific CpG sites can be used to calculate "epigenetic clocks". OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the associations of prenatal lead exposures with telomere length and DNA-methylation-based predictors of age in cord blood. DESIGN The study included 507 mother-child pairs from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) study, a birth cohort in Mexico City. Maternal blood (second trimester, third trimester and at delivery) and bone lead levels (one month postpartum) were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence, respectively. Cord blood leukocyte telomere length was measured using quantitative PCR and apparent age by DNA methylation biomarkers, i.e., Horvath's DNA methylation age and the Knight's predictor of gestational age. RESULTS Average maternal age was 28.5 ± 5.5 years, and 51.5% reported low socioeconomic status. Children's mean telomere length was 1.2 ± 1.3 relative units, and mean DNA methylation ages using the Horvath's and Knight's clocks were -2.6 ± 0.1 years and 37.9 ± 1.4 weeks (mean ± SD), respectively. No significant associations were found between maternal blood and bone lead concentrations with telomere length and DNAm age in newborns. CONCLUSION We found no associations of prenatal lead exposure with telomere length and DNA methylation age biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- José F Herrera-Moreno
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tessa R Bloomquist
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa
- Department of Perinatal Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Almuwaqqat Z, Wittbrodt MT, Moazzami K, Nye JA, Lima BB, Shah AJ, Alkhalaf J, Pearce B, Sun YV, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V, Bremner JD. Neural correlates of stress and leucocyte telomere length in patients with coronary artery disease. J Psychosom Res 2022; 155:110760. [PMID: 35217318 PMCID: PMC8940678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accelerated biological aging, as indicated by telomere shortening, is associated with CAD pathogenesis. In a cross-sectional study, we investigated neural correlates of acute psychological stress and short telomeres in patients with CAD. METHODS Individuals with CAD (N = 168) underwent a validated mental stress protocol including public speaking and mental arithmetic. Imaging of the brain with [O-15] water and high-resolution positron emission tomography (HR-PET) was performed during mental stress and control conditions. Blood flow during stressful tasks (average of speech and arithmetic) and control tasks were assessed. Telomere length in peripheral leucocytes was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and expressed as Telomere/Single Copy Gene (T/S) ratio. Voxel-wise regression models were constructed to assess the association between brain areas and activity during rest and mental stress after adjustments for demographic factors and clinical characteristics. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of the sample was 62 (8) years, and 69% were men. Increased activation with mental stress in the lingual gyrus, cerebellum and superior and inferior frontal gyri were associated with reduced telomere length; 1.6 higher voxel activation of these areas was associated with 0.1 T/S-units reduction in telomere length (P < 0.005). Additionally, during neutral counting and speaking tasks, brain activity in the precentral, middle and superior frontal and middle temporal gyri was inversely associated with telomere length. Results remained consistent after adjustment for demographic and clinical risk factors. CONCLUSION Increased stress-induced activity in brain areas mediating the stress response was associated with shortened telomere length in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Almuwaqqat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Matthew T Wittbrodt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Kasra Moazzami
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A Nye
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Bruno B Lima
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Amit J Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Jamil Alkhalaf
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Brad Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - J Douglas Bremner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, United States of America; Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.
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Shu MJ, Li J, Zhu YC. Genetically predicted telomere length and multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 60:103731. [PMID: 35339005 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiological studies have indicated a role for telomere length in multiple sclerosis (MS) severity and phenotype. However, these studies failed to establish the causality between telomere length and MS susceptibility. Hence, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal relationship between telomere length and MS susceptibility. METHODS We used data of genetic variants associated with leukocyte telomere length as instrumental variables (IVs), which was identified from the largest and latest genome-wide association study (GWAS) from UK Biobank (UKB) with 472,174 participants. Summary data of MS was obtained from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. We performed two-sample MR analyses using the inverse-variance weighted method as the primary approach. Other MR approaches, including the MR-Egger, the inverse variance weighted (multiplicative random effects), weighted median, simple median, weighted mode-based methods, and Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect estimates (CAUSE), were also conducted to detect the result robustness. RESULTS The genetic liability to longer telomere length was associated with a higher risk of MS susceptibility (odds ratio [OR] per one-SD telomere length, 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48-2.47; P = 8.04 × 10-7). The results remained consistent across multiple sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the causal relationship between longer telomere length and increased risk of MS susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jun Shu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing 10073, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 10073, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing 10073, China.
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Matthe DM, Thoma OM, Sperka T, Neurath MF, Waldner MJ. Telomerase deficiency reflects age-associated changes in CD4+ T cells. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:16. [PMID: 35321714 PMCID: PMC8941756 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Amongst other systemic changes, aging leads to an immune dysfunction. On the molecular level, a hallmark of aging is telomere shortening. The functional relevance of telomerase, an enzyme capable of elongating telomeres in T cells upon antigen stimulation, is not fully understood. Studying the impact of telomere shortening on CD4+ T cells and especially Th1 effector function can provide a better understanding on immune dysfunctions in elderly. Results We investigated T cell numbers and differentiation in telomerase-deficient (mTerc−/−) mice under steady-state conditions and the functional role of telomerase in CD4+ T cells using in vitro stimulation and Th1 polarization protocols by comparing T cells from mTerc−/− and control mice. We report reduced relative CD4+ T cell numbers in blood and secondary lymphoid organs and a relative decline in the naïve T cell population in thymus, blood and spleen of mTerc−/− mice compared to control mice. Importantly, after in vitro polarization, mTerc−/− G3 CD4+ T cells showed higher numbers of IFNγ-producing cells and reduced expression of CD28. Notably, telomerase-deficient T cells were more susceptible to inhibition of Th1 polarization by IL-6 in vitro. These results demonstrate that telomerase deficiency recapitulates several changes of CD4+ T cells seen in aged humans regarding the naïve T cell population, expression of CD28 and cytokine production. Conclusion Our data suggest that telomere shortening could play a key role in the aging of T cell immunity, with clinical implications for immune diseases and tumor development and that mTerc−/− mice are a suitable model to study aging-related defects of adaptive immunity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-022-00273-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Matthe
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oana-Maria Thoma
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Erlangen Graduate School of Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Sperka
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian J Waldner
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. .,Erlangen Graduate School of Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Wu W, Du Z, Wu L. Dexmedetomidine attenuates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury by promoting telomere/telomerase activity: Possible involvement of ERK1/2-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1036-1046. [PMID: 35312207 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist, possesses cardioprotection against ischaemic/hypoxic injury, but the exact mechanism is not fully elucidated. Since telomere/telomerase dysfunction is involved in myocardial ischemic damage, the present study aimed to investigate whether Dex ameliorates cobalt chloride (CoCl2; a hypoxia mimic agent in vitro)-induced the damage of H9c2 cardiomyocytes by improving telomere/telomerase dysfunction and further explored the underlying mechanism focusing on ERK1/2-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Result showed that Dex increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, and reduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as illustrated by the decreases in cell surface area and the biomarker levels for cardiac hypertrophy including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and myosin heavy chain β (β-MHC) mRNA and protein in CoCl2 -exposed H9c2 cells. Intriguingly, Dex increased the telomere length and telomerase activity as well as telomere reverse transcriptase (TERT) protein and mRNA levels in H9c2 cells exposed to CoCl2 , indicating that Dex promotes telomere/telomerase function under hypoxia. In addition, Dex remarkably diminished the ROS generation, reduced MDA content, and increased antioxidative signaling as evidenced by the increases in SOD and GSH-Px activities. Furthermore, Dex increased the ratio of P-ERK1/2/T-ERK1/2 and P-Nrf2/T-Nrf2 and enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation in CoCl2 -subjected H9c2 cells, suggesting that Dex promotes the activation of the ERK1/2-Nrf2 signaling pathway. These novel findings indicated that Dex attenuates myocardial ischemic damage and reduces myocardial hypertrophy by promoting telomere/telomerase function, which may be associated with the activation of the ERK1/2-Nrf2 signaling pathway in vitro. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China 410007, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China 410007, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China 410007, People's Republic of China
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Guzonjić A, Sopić M, Ostanek B, Kotur-Stevuljević J. Telomere length as a biomarker of aging and diseases. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As research related to healthspan and lifespan has become a hot topic, the necessity for a reliable and practical biomarker of aging (BoA), which can provide information about mortality and morbidity risk, along with remaining life expectancy, has increased. The chromosome terminus non-coding protective structure that prevents genomic instability is called a telomere. The continual shortening of telomeres, which affects their structure as well as function, is a hallmark of agedness. The aforementioned process is a potential cause of age-related diseases (ARDs), leading to a bad prognosis and a low survival rate, which compromise health and longevity. Hence, studies scrutinizing the BoAs often include telomere length (TL) as a prospective candidate. The results of these studies suggest that TL measurement can only provide an approximate appraisal of the aging rate, and its implementation into clinical practice and routine use as a BoA has many limitations and challenges. Nevertheless, measuring TL while determining other biomarkers can be used to assess biological age. This review focuses on the importance of telomeres in health, senescence, and diseases, as well as on summarizing the results and conclusions of previous studies evaluating TL as a potential BoA.
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Lin J, Epel E. Stress and telomere shortening: Insights from cellular mechanisms. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 73:101507. [PMID: 34736994 PMCID: PMC8920518 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Short telomeres confer risk of degenerative diseases. Chronic psychological stress can lead to disease through many pathways, and research from in vitro studies to human longitudinal studies has pointed to stress-induced telomere damage as an important pathway. However, there has not been a comprehensive model to describe how changes in stress physiology and neuroendocrine pathways can lead to changes in telomere biology. Critically short telomeres or the collapse of the telomere structure caused by displacement of telomere binding protein complex shelterin elicit a DNA damage response and lead to senescence or apoptosis. In this narrative review, we summarize the key roles glucocorticoids, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondria, and inflammation play in mediating the relationship between psychological stress and telomere maintenance. We emphasis that these mediators are interconnected and reinforce each other in positive feedback loops. Telomere length has not been studied across the lifespan yet, but the initial setting point at birth appears to be the most influential point, as it sets the lifetime trajectory, and is influenced by stress. We describe two types of intergenerational stress effects on telomeres - prenatal stress effects on telomeres during fetal development, and 'telotype transmission" -the directly inherited transmission of short telomeres from parental germline. It is clear that the initial simplistic view of telomere length as a mitotic clock has evolved into a far more complex picture of both transgenerational telomere influences, and of interconnected molecular and cellular pathways and networks, as hallmarks of aging where telomere maintenance is a key player interacting with mitochondria. Further mechanistic investigations testing this comprehensive model of stress mediators shaping telomere biology and the telomere-mitochondrial nexus will lead to better understanding from cell to human lifespan aging, and could lead to anti-aging interventions.
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