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Swed S, Alibrahim H, Albakri K, Rais MA, Al-Rassas S, Hafez W, Sawaf B, Almoshantaf MB, Elsayed M, Albazee E, Cheema HA, Hraiz W, Taieb F, Ameen VH, Rakab A, Emran TB, AbdElrahim E, Osman H, Khan Pathan R, Khandaker MU. Evaluating knowledge, practice, and attitude of Syrian population on sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus. HIV Res Clin Pract 2024; 25:2356409. [PMID: 39001878 DOI: 10.1080/25787489.2024.2356409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause severe and fatal complications; knowledge about these diseases is essential for promoting safe sex practices and modifying behaviours that are harmful to one's health. This study investigates Syrian people's understanding, attitudes, and behaviors towards HIV/AIDS and STIs, aiming to identify factors promoting safe sex practices and modifying harmful behaviors. METHODS This online cross-sectional study was conducted in Syria between 3 September and 23 November 2022, involving all 18+ individuals. The questionnaire was adapted from a previous study containing 74 questions from five sections: socio-demographic information, knowledge and practice regarding STIs, knowledge and practice regarding HIV/AIDS, attitude towards HIV/AIDS, and attitude regarding STIs and analyzed using descriptive and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The study involved 1073 participants mostly aged between 18-30, with 55.3% females. Over half had good awareness of STIs and HIV/AIDS, with 55% and 63% respectively. Specifically, the overall knowledge level of STI type, signs/symptoms, risks of transmission, preventive methods, and complications for untreated STIs were (45.7%), (52.9%), (58.1%), (66.1%), and (59.6%), respectively. Medical field respondents had higher knowledge of HIV (P-value < 0.05, OR = 2). CONCLUSION Our results show that Syrian people have a knowledge level of STIs and HIV was moderate. However, the attitude toward STIs was negative, as less than half of the participants had a good attitude. It is essential to solve these knowledge gaps, especially in low-income countries such as Syria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarya Swed
- Faculty of medicine Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | | | - Khaled Albakri
- Faculty of medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | | | - Wael Hafez
- NMC Royal Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Division, The National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mohamed Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ebraheem Albazee
- Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Wehba Hraiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Fatima Taieb
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | | | - Amine Rakab
- Clinical Medicine, Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Elrashed AbdElrahim
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamid Osman
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refat Khan Pathan
- Department of Computing and Information Systems, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies Group, CCDCU, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Chinelli A, Ubbiali M, Paparatto G, Torri E, Musco A, Galipò R, Meli P, Bellini S, Catucci N, Colaprico L, Camposeragna A, Farinella M, Rancilio L, Landi N, Stettini P, Salfa MC, Cellini A, Suligoi B, Palamara AT, Mortari L, Caraglia A, Martinelli D, Tavoschi L. Introducing comprehensive sexuality education in Italian schools: from the co-construction to the evaluation of a pilot intervention. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2089. [PMID: 39095763 PMCID: PMC11295894 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION School-based comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is a powerful tool that provides young people with information on all aspects of sexuality and is aimed at protecting their sexual and reproductive health and well-being throughout their lives. Currently, CSE is not integrated within the schools' curriculum in Italy. This study describes the co-construction, implementation, and evaluation of a CSE project piloted among students attending lower secondary schools, in four regions of Italy. Evidence-based evaluation will be helpful in promote the inclusion of CSE programs in the Italian schools' curriculum. METHODS The pilot scheme was co-constructed by a multidisciplinary curriculum development group through a Delphi process, including educators who conducted the activities. The evaluation followed three directions: the program (based on a literature review of CSE principles and recommended characteristics), implementation (assessing the execution of the program through the analysis of the reflection tools used by the educators), and short-term outcomes (assessing critical thinking and conscious behavioural choices through pre-post and satisfaction surveys). RESULTS The main goal, learning modules and content were defined and structured in five interventions with the students, and two with families and teachers. A total of 638 students were involved in the activity, across 11 schools. Data analysis of pre/post surveys reported a significant increase in knowledge in 12 of the 15 items investigated (p < 0.05), and a high level of satisfaction with the topics addressed. Qualitative analysis added information on the pivotal role of educators in CSE. CONCLUSIONS The national piloting of this educational activity provided positive insights regarding the co-construction, implementation and short-outcome evaluation, suggesting potential for scalability and future inclusion of CSE in the curricula of Italian schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Chinelli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Ubbiali
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Paparatto
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Torri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Musco
- Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosario Galipò
- ANLAIDS - National Association for the Fight against AIDS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Meli
- CICA - Italian Coordination of Residential Homes for People with HIV/AIDS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Bellini
- LILA - Italian League for the Fight against AIDS, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicola Catucci
- LILA - Italian League for the Fight against AIDS, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Piero Stettini
- FISS, Italian Federation of Scientific Sexology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Salfa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Cellini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Suligoi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigina Mortari
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Caraglia
- Directorate-General for Health Prevention, Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Martinelli
- Hygiene Unit, Policlinico Foggia Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
- Policlinico Foggia, Ospedale Colonnello D'Avanzo, viale degli Aviatori, 2, Foggia, 71122, Italy.
| | - Lara Tavoschi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Di Gennaro F, Segala FV, Guido G, Poliseno M, De Santis L, Belati A, Santoro CR, Bottalico IF, Pellegrino C, Novara R, Frallonardo L, Cormio M, Camporeale M, Cotugno S, Giliberti V, Di Gregorio S, Totaro V, Catucci N, De Giosa A, Giusto R, Lanera IV, Angarano G, Lo Caputo S, Saracino A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among High School students in Southern Italy: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301297. [PMID: 38640112 PMCID: PMC11029632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
High School students, recognized as a high-risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), were the focal point of an educational campaign in Southern Italy to share information and good practices about STIs and HIV/AIDS. A baseline survey comprising 76 items was conducted via the REDCap platform to assess students' initial knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to STIs and HIV/AIDS. Sociodemographic variables were also investigated. The association between variables and KAP score was assessed by Kruskal-Wallis' or Spearman's test, as appropriate. An ordinal regression model was built to estimate the effect size, reported as odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), for achieving higher KAP scores among students features. On a scale of 0 to 29, 1702 participants achieved a median KAP score of 14 points. Higher scores were predominantly reported by students from classical High Schools (OR 3.19, 95% C.I. 1.60-6.33, p<0.001). Additionally, elevated scores were associated with sexually active students (OR 1.48, 95% C.I. 1.12-1.96, p = 0.01), those vaccinated against Human Papilloma Virus (OR 2.47, 95% C.I. 1.89-3.24, p<0.001), those who had used emergency contraception (OR 1.56, 95% C.I. 1.09-2.24, p = 0.02, Table 2) and those obtaining information from TikTok (OR 1.62, 95% C.I. 1.14-2.30, p = 0.01). Conversely, being heterosexual was associated with an overall lower score (OR 0.48, 95% C.I. 0.32-0.73, p<0.001). High School students, often due to early sexual debut, seek information about HIV and STIs independently using social channels. However, the overall level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices remains low. Urgent school-based interventions are needed for this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Gennaro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Vladimiro Segala
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Guido
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Poliseno
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Laura De Santis
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Belati
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Carmen Rita Santoro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Francesca Bottalico
- Infection Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmen Pellegrino
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Novara
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Frallonardo
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Cormio
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Camporeale
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Cotugno
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giliberti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Gregorio
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Totaro
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Lo Caputo
- Infection Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Saracino
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro," Bari, Italy
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Kılavuz M, Yigit F. What do I do to avoid sexually transmitted diseases? A scale development study: behavioral scale for protection from sexually transmitted diseases. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:504. [PMID: 37735645 PMCID: PMC10512565 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors' aim is to develop and confirm a reliable and valid measurement tool that can measure women's behavior to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. The study data were collected from adult women aged 18-47 years (n = 505). Explanatory factor analysis (EFA) was applied to the STD scale consisting of 44 items in a 5-point Likert style. According to the results of EFA, 21 items were defined in the scale. The KMO value of the scale is 90.6%. In the study, the varimax rotation method was used to bring the factors together with the related items. As a result of varimax rotation, two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 were found in the scale. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.911, 0.941 for the first subdimension and 0.889 for the second subdimension. The validity and reliability of this study have been proven according to the results of explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Kılavuz
- Department of Midwifery, Istınye University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Feride Yigit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Topkapi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Aaberg V, Moncunill-Martínez E, Frías A, Carreira T, Cezar RF, Martín-Forero Santacruz A, Frade F, Mecugni D, Gómez-Cantarino S. A Multicentric Pilot Study of Student Nurse Attitudes and Beliefs toward Sexual Healthcare. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2238. [PMID: 37628435 PMCID: PMC10454354 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nurse educators are tasked with the education of students to become providers of holistic care, and part of that care includes sexuality. Students carry attitudes and beliefs that influence their behavior; therefore, students who carry negative attitudes about sexual healthcare are less likely to provide that care. This is an international, multicenter study of nursing students' attitudes and beliefs about the provision of sexual healthcare. The Sexuality Attitudes and Beliefs Survey, which measures attitudes toward the provision of sexual healthcare and has a range of scores from 12 to 72, was given to 129 students across Spain, Portugal, Italy and the United States and revealed negative attitudes about sexuality, with a mean SABS score of 39.95. Higher scores on the SABS reveal more negative attitudes and reduced likelihood of provision of sexual healthcare. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing queer and heterosexual students (41.69 vs. 38.06), and students in their final year of school held more negative attitudes toward the provision of sexual healthcare (41.4 vs. 39.5 and 39.2). This study shows that nurse educators continue to need to focus on the attitudes student nurses carry about sexuality. There is a critical shortage of education strategies to meet the needs of student nurses so that they will be comfortable and confident in providing sexual healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Aaberg
- School of Health Sciences, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA 98119, USA;
| | - Eva Moncunill-Martínez
- Paediatric Oncology Unit, Toledo University Hospital, Av. del Río Guadiana, 45007 Toledo, Spain
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Toledo Campus, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Ana Frías
- Nursing Department, University of Evora, 7000-811 Evora, Portugal;
| | - Teresa Carreira
- Superior School of Health, Quinta do Mergulhão Srª da Guia, 2005-075 Santarém, Portugal;
| | - Raquel Fernández Cezar
- Department of Mathematics, Didactics Area, Faculty of Education of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda Fábrica de Armas, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
| | | | - Fátima Frade
- Departamento de Enfermagem da Criança e do Jovem, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, AvenidabProfessor Egas Moniz, 1600-190 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Nursing Research, Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), Centre for Public Administration and Public Policies, Institute of Social and Political Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela Mecugni
- Campus Universitario San Lazzaro, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Vía Amendola, 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Toledo Campus, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
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Jiang J, Zhou Y, Xu J, Wang Z. The Vulnerability of International Floating Populations to Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Qualitative Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1744. [PMID: 37372862 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of the global economy, along with globalisation, the health of international floating populations (especially their sexual health) has become a problem that cannot be ignored. This study explored the potential vulnerability of international floating populations to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) from the points of view of society, religion, culture, migration, community environment, and personal behaviours. In-depth exploratory interviews with 51 members of the international floating population living in China were conducted in June and July 2022. A qualitative thematic analysis methodology was used to analyse the content of these interviews. We found that a conservative culture orientated around religion leads to a lack of sex education, resulting in insufficient personal knowledge as well as a lack of the motivation and awareness required to encourage condom use during sexual contact. Additionally, both geographical isolation and reduced social supervision have expanded personal space, which has led to social isolation and marginalisation, in addition to challenges for coping with STI risk. These factors have increased the possibility of individuals engaging in risky behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Jiang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuyin Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Junfang Xu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zhaochen Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Lo Moro G, Bert F, Cappelletti T, Elhadidy HSMA, Scaioli G, Siliquini R. Sex Education in Italy: An Overview of 15 Years of Projects in Primary and Secondary Schools. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:1653-1663. [PMID: 36749406 PMCID: PMC10125923 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
School-based sex education is essential to improve the knowledge and behavior of young people. Unlike most European countries, sex education in Italy is not compulsory in the school curriculum. Therefore, to assess potential gaps, the main aim of this study was to explore Italian regional initiatives about sex education. A review of gray literature from 2006 to 2021 was conducted in December 2021 on national databases and institutional websites of each Italian region, during which official documents on regional sex education programs were selected. Moreover, a rapid systematic review was carried out in scientific databases to find more information. For both reviews, the sex education topics recommended by UNESCO were used for extracting and analyzing data. A total of 12 Italian regions out of 20 had at least one sex education program, for a total of 39 projects. Overall, all the topics identified by UNESCO have been covered, with considerable differences between northern, central, and southern Italy. Contraception, love, marriage, partnerships, and family were the main topics discussed (hosted in 92% of the regions). Only 25% of the regions discussed pregnancy and birth. Disability was the least debated topic (17%). The rapid systematic review showed that relevant improvements were achieved after sex education interventions. In conclusion, this study underlined important limitations to the implementation of school-based sex education in Italy. Hence, it is necessary to increase sex education interventions to reach adequate standards and flatten the differences not only between Italian regions but also between Italy and other European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Lo Moro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Toni Cappelletti
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Scaioli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- A.O.U. City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
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8
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Aksoy N, Ozturk N, Ulusoy S, Ömür MF. Knowledge and attitude of students studying at health department towards HPV and HPV vaccination. Vaccine 2022; 40:7211-7218. [PMID: 36266128 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common diagnosed sexually transmitted infection in the world. The most frequent disease linked to HPV is cervical cancer as well as other cancers including those of the vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx. Our research sought to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes concerning human papillomaviruses and their vaccine among students enrolled in Altınbaş University's faculties of health sciences. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out using a survey containing 41 questions about demographic variables, knowledge, and attitudes toward HPV and HPV vaccines. The questions were distributed to students via Google form using social media applications such as WhatsApp. RESULTS The study involved 144 students, 71.5 % of whom were female. 37.5 % of the participants learned about HPV from social media. Knowledge of HPV is present in 82 % of females and 25 % of males. Most of the questions had more accurate replies from female than from male students p < 0.05. As a result, 88 %, 46 %of female respondents and 27 %, 14 %of male respondents, respectively, correctly answered the questions about who should receive HPV vaccinations p < 0.001 and how many doses are necessary. CONCLUSION Participants' awareness of HPV, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer was rather high when compared to other research. However, there are knowledge gaps that need to be corrected and provided through educational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Aksoy
- Altinbas University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nur Ozturk
- Altinbas University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacy PhD Program, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serel Ulusoy
- Altinbas University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacy PhD Program, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Furkan Ömür
- Altinbas University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
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9
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Silva CF, Silva I, Rodrigues A, Sá L, Beirão D, Rocha P, Santos P. Young People Awareness of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Contraception: A Portuguese Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13933. [PMID: 36360810 PMCID: PMC9656238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents and young adults are an important target concerning reducing health-risk behavior adoption, including sexual health. Studying their knowledge concerning sexuality and their main counsellors, can be an important step in targeting an updated health promotion approach. This study characterized adolescents and young adults' knowledge and attitudes about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and contraception, prospecting for their main trusted counseling sources. We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based, self-report survey of 746 individuals aged between 14 and 24 years from Paredes, Portugal. The questionnaire included many dimensions, as demographic characteristics, youth behavior, currently sexually active status, main counselors concerning health topics, awareness, and knowledge about STDs and contraception. Mean age of the participants was 18.3 years, 50.5% of them had started their sexual activity. Males present themselves as more sexually active, starting earlier, and have more sexual partners than females. Participants reported an adequate knowledge perception about STDs and contraception methods, however we found different patterns on specific STDs and contraceptive methods, according to gender, age, and sexually active status. Our results help design specific interventions to reach youth, community, and healthcare providers, pointing out the value of bringing people to the center of health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Franclim Silva
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Silva
- Unidade de Saúde Familiar São João do Porto, Rua Miguel Bombarda, 234, 4050-377 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Rodrigues
- Serviço de Dermatologia do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Sá
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Beirão
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Rocha
- Center for Research in Higher Education Policies (CIPES), Universities of Aveiro and Porto, Rua 1º Dezembro 399, 4450-227 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Paulo Santos
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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10
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Cargnelutti F, Di Nisio A, Pallotti F, Spaziani M, Tarsitano MG, Paoli D, Foresta C. Risk factors on testicular function in adolescents. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1625-1639. [PMID: 35286610 PMCID: PMC9360118 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescence represents an important window for gonadal development. The aim of this review is to carry out a critical excursus of the most recent literature on endogenous and exogenous risk factors related to testicular function, focusing the research on adolescence period. METHODS A comprehensive literature search within PubMed was performed to provide a summary of currently available evidence regarding the impact on adolescence of varicocele, cryptorchidism, cancer, diabetes, lifestyle factors, endocrine disruptors, obesity and sexually transmitted diseases. We focused on human studies that evaluated a possible impact of these factors on puberty timing and their effects on andrological health. RESULTS Evidence collected seems to suggest that andrological health in adolescence may be impaired by several factors, as varicocele, cryptorchidism, and childhood cancer. Despite an early diagnosis and treatment, many adolescents might still have symptoms and sign of a testicular dysfunction in their adult life and at the current time it is not possible to predict which of them will experience andrological problems. Lifestyle factors might have a role in these discrepancies. Most studies point out towards a correlation between obesity, insulin resistance, alcohol, smoking, use of illegal drugs and testicular function in pubertal boys. Also, endocrine disruptors and sexually transmitted diseases might contribute to impair reproductive health, but more studies in adolescents are needed. CONCLUSION According to currently available evidence, there is an emerging global adverse trend of high-risk and unhealthy behaviors in male adolescents. A significant proportion of young men with unsuspected and undiagnosed andrological disorders engage in behaviors that could impair testicular development and function, with an increased risk for later male infertility and/or hypogonadism during the adult life. Therefore, adolescence should be considered a key time for intervention and prevention of later andrological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cargnelutti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Di Nisio
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - F Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Spaziani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M G Tarsitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - D Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - C Foresta
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
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11
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Brunelli L, Bravo G, Romanese F, Righini M, Lesa L, De Odorico A, Bastiani E, Pascut S, Miceli S, Brusaferro S. Sexual and reproductive health-related knowledge, attitudes and support network of Italian adolescents. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2022; 3:100253. [PMID: 36101775 PMCID: PMC9461229 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives What is the state of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge among teens? What about adolescents’ attitudes toward SRH and the available supporting network? Study design A cross-sectional study conducted between April and May 2018. Methods An anonymous 36-item questionnaire on SRH knowledge, behaviors, and networks was developed, revised and validated by a multidisciplinary health professional team, then distributed to high school students in Udine (Italy). Results 747 questionnaires were collected in five high schools; respondents were predominantly male, mean age 14.8 years; 48% of students have sufficient SRH knowledge (considered as above the mean value). Factors associated with higher knowledge levels were female sex, age, SES according to father's profession, first SRH information at age 11–13, Italy as country of origin, and attendance at a technical school. Conclusions Students’ knowledge on SHR resulted relatively poor. Sex, school type and previous experience of sexuality education were the most important factor associated with SRH knowledge.
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12
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Montalti M, Salussolia A, Masini A, Manieri E, Rallo F, Marini S, Agosta M, Paternò M, Stillo M, Resi D, Guaraldi F, Gori D, Dallolio L. Sexual and Reproductive Health and Education of Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic, Results from "Come Te La Passi?"-Survey in Bologna, Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095147. [PMID: 35564542 PMCID: PMC9102478 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Social distancing measures adopted to face the COVID-19 pandemic had a detrimental impact on adolescent education and their interaction with peers and adults, secondary to the limitation of school and recreational activities, with repercussions on social and sexual life. The “Come te la passi?” (“How is it going?”) study, performed in the Metropolitan City of Bologna (Italy), aimed at investigating the type of information sources adopted by adolescents for their sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge and education, the age of their sexual debut, and the way in which the COVID-19 pandemic affected their relationships and sexual life in order to help local health care professionals and educators designing SRH education programs. A purposely designed online survey was administered during the COVID-19 pandemic to 378 high school students (age > 14 yo) in July 2021. Based on the study results, the most common source of SRH education was the web, followed by peers (friends). A total of 61.3% of 17-year-olds already had sexual intercourse, and 90% of 15-year-olds had experienced romantic or sexual attraction. For 58.2% of the adolescents, the COVID-19 pandemic had negative effects on their relationships/sexual life. The current research emphasizes the need to involve health care professionals and educators in structured programs to promote SRH education tailored to adolescents’ needs and started from early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montalti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.); (F.R.); (D.G.); (L.D.)
| | - Aurelia Salussolia
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.); (F.R.); (D.G.); (L.D.)
| | - Alice Masini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.); (F.R.); (D.G.); (L.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0512094827
| | - Elisa Manieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Medical School, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Flavia Rallo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.); (F.R.); (D.G.); (L.D.)
| | - Sofia Marini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Marta Agosta
- Department of Public Health, Bologna Local Health Authority, 40124 Bologna, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.); (M.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Martina Paternò
- Department of Public Health, Bologna Local Health Authority, 40124 Bologna, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.); (M.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Michela Stillo
- Department of Public Health, Bologna Local Health Authority, 40124 Bologna, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.); (M.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Resi
- Department of Public Health, Bologna Local Health Authority, 40124 Bologna, Italy; (M.A.); (M.P.); (M.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Federica Guaraldi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Davide Gori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.); (F.R.); (D.G.); (L.D.)
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (A.S.); (F.R.); (D.G.); (L.D.)
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13
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Cegolon L, Bortolotto M, Bellizzi S, Cegolon A, Bubbico L, Pichierri G, Mastrangelo G, Xodo C. A Survey on Knowledge, Prevention, and Occurrence of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Freshmen from Four Italian Universities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020897. [PMID: 35055720 PMCID: PMC8776027 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background. The peak of sexually transmitted infections (STI) among adolescents/young adults suggests a low level of prevention. In order to assess whether the level of sexual health education (SHE), received by several channels, was effective at improving sexual behaviors, we conducted a survey among freshmen from four Italian universities. Methods. This observational cross-sectional study was carried out with an anonymous self-reported paper questionnaire, administered during teaching lectures to university freshmen of the northern (Padua, Bergamo, and Milan campuses) and southern (Palermo campus) parts of the country. Knowledge of STI (a linear numerical score), knowledge of STI prevention (dichotomous variable: yes vs. no) and previous STI occurrence (polytomous variable: "no"; "don't know"; "yes") were the outcomes in the statistical analysis. Results. The final number of freshmen surveyed was 4552 (97.9% response rate). The mean age of respondents was 21.4 ± 2.2 years and most of them (70.3%) were females. A total of 60% of students were in a stable romantic relationship. Only 28% respondents knew the most effective methods to prevent STI (i.e., condom and sexual abstinence), with a slightly higher prevalence of correct answers among females (31.3%) than males (25.8%). Students with history of STIs were 5.1%; they reported referring mostly to their general practitioner (GP) (38.1%) rather than discussing the problem with their partner (13.1%). At multivariable analysis, a significantly higher level of STI knowledge was observed in older students (25+ years of age), biomedical students, and those from a non-nuclear family; lower levels were found among students of the University of Palermo, and those who completed a vocational secondary school education. Those who had less knowledge about the most effective tools to prevent STIs included males, students from the University of Palermo, students registered with educational sciences, economics/political sciences, those of foreign nationality, and those whose fathers had lower educational levels. The risk of contracting a STI was significantly lower only in students not in a stable relationship (relative risk ratio, RRR = 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI = 0.48; 0.94), whereas such risk was significantly higher in students with higher STI knowledge (RRR = 1.15; 95%CI = 1.08; 1.22). Discussion and Conclusions. University freshmen investigated in this study had poor knowledge of STIs and their prevention. Unexpectedly, those with higher levels of knowledge had an increased risk of STIs. There have been no educational interventions-with good quality and long-term follow-ups-that increased the confidence that such SHE programs could have population level effects. A new high-quality study is therefore recommended to assess the effectiveness of an intervention generating behavioral changes; increasing only STI knowledge may not be sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cegolon
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Public Health Department, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), 34128 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence: or
| | | | | | - Andrea Cegolon
- Department of Political, Social & International Relationships Sciences, University of Macerata, 62100 Macerata, Italy;
| | - Luciano Bubbico
- Department of Sensorineural Disabilities, INAPP/Italian Institute of Social Medicine, 00198 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Pichierri
- Microbiology Department, Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames KT2 7QB, UK;
| | - Giuseppe Mastrangelo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences & Public Health, Padua University, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Carla Xodo
- FISPPA Department, Padua University, 35137 Padua, Italy; (M.B.); (C.X.)
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14
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Gonenc IM, Alan Dikmen H, Golbasi Z. The Effect of WhatsApp-Based and Conventional Education Methods on Sexual Myths and Sexual Health Knowledge: A Comparative Intervention Study in Midwifery Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2021; 33:326-341. [PMID: 38595743 PMCID: PMC10903558 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.1913688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of sexual education provided via WhatsApp on the level of sexual knowledge and sexual myths in midwifery students in Turkey. Methods: Students were randomly divided into WhatsApp education, conventional education, and control groups. Data were collected using a Questionnaire Form, the Sexual Health Knowledge Test, and the Sexual Myth Scale. Results: Post-education and one-month-follow-up the Sexual Health Knowledge Test medians in the control group (24.0 and 27.0 respectively) were significantly lower than those of the WhatsApp (31.0 and 32.5 respectively) and conventional education groups (30.5 and 32.0 respectively) and Sexual Myth Scale medians in the control group (70.0 and 67.0 respectively) were significantly higher than those of the WhatsApp (55.5 and 60.0) and conventional education groups (53.0 and 55.0, respectively) (p < .001). There was no difference between WhatsApp and conventional education groups in terms of the Sexual Health Knowledge Test and Sexual Myth Scale scores (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Sexual education provided by conventional methods and via WhatsApp increased sexual health knowledge and decreased sexual myths.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zehra Golbasi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Stokłosa I, Stokłosa M, Porwolik M, Bugajski M, Więckiewicz G, Piegza M, Męcik-Kronenberg T, Gorczyca P. Analysis of High-Risk Sexual Behavior among Polish University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3737. [PMID: 33918452 PMCID: PMC8038304 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High-risk sexual behavior consists of activities and habits that put a person at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or unplanned pregnancy. Poland is currently experiencing a problem with increased STI rates, largely due to poor sexual education. Our exploratory study aims to evaluate the sexual behavior of students attending universities across Poland. The study covered 7678 students from 50 different faculties and universities across the country. The authors created an original questionnaire which consists of 31 questions which, among others, included demographic factors, sexual initiation, high-risk sexual behavior, STI's and religious beliefs. 78% of students have participated in sexual activity, among them 19% of students had 'casual sex' consisting of intercourse without the use of a condom, 27% had participated in sexual intercourse after the consumption of alcohol. Our study found that students who are influenced by religious belief tend to engage in sexual activity into their later years. The groups most exposed to the consequences of risky sexual behavior are mostly homosexual men, bisexual women, art students, and military students. Alcohol consumption is a strong factor contributing to risky sexual behavior. Sexual education in Poland should be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Stokłosa
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Medical University of Silesia, 42-612 Tarnowskie Góry, Poland; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maciej Stokłosa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mulitidisciplinary Hospital, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Porwolik
- University Clinical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland;
| | | | - Gniewko Więckiewicz
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Medical University of Silesia, 42-612 Tarnowskie Góry, Poland; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Magdalena Piegza
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Medical University of Silesia, 42-612 Tarnowskie Góry, Poland; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.G.)
| | | | - Piotr Gorczyca
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Medical University of Silesia, 42-612 Tarnowskie Góry, Poland; (G.W.); (M.P.); (P.G.)
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16
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Mansor N, Ahmad N, Rahman HA. Determinants of knowledge on sexually transmitted infections among students in public higher education institutions in Melaka state, Malaysia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240842. [PMID: 33119620 PMCID: PMC7595423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increasing trend of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among the young population is a significant public health problem. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge on STIs among students in higher education institutions and its predicting factors, in Melaka. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 students from higher education institutions in Melaka aged between 18 to 30 years old. Multistage sampling of the institutions was performed. Valid and reliable self-administered questionnaire in the national language, Bahasa Malaysia, was used as to collect data on sociodemographic, personal background, knowledge on STIs and sources of information for STIs. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS software version 25. Results The response rate for this study was 88%. The mean knowledge score was 24.1 ±5.1 out of 38. HIV was the most known STIs while gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and chlamydial infections were among the least known STIs. Oral intercourse was the least known sexual activity that could transmit STIs. Higher proportion of respondents had correct knowledge on control and preventive measures of STIs (between 78% and 95%) compared to correct knowledge on sign and symptoms of STIs (between 8.5% and 67.8%). More than 90% of the respondents were unaware that a person infected with STIs could be symptom free. Four variables were identified as the determinants of the knowledge on STIs, which were level of education, place of stay, history of sexual and reproductive health education and involvement in STIs awareness programs (F (4,445) = 11.405, p <0.001, R2 = 0.093). Conclusions The knowledge on STIs among students in higher education institutions was unsatisfactory. The existing sexual education programs can be strengthened by delivering more information on other STIs rather than focusing on HIV only. The future program should focus on students of diploma and/or skill certificate and staying off-campus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norain Mansor
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Norliza Ahmad
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Hejar Abdul Rahman
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Skaletz-Rorowski A, Potthoff A, Nambiar S, Wach J, Kayser A, Kasper A, Brockmeyer NH. Sexual behaviour, STI knowledge and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) prevalence in an asymptomatic cohort in Ruhr-area, Germany: PreYoungGo study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:241-246. [PMID: 32881091 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES STIs present a significant threat to individual and public health, disproportionately affecting youth. The study aimed to evaluate (a) the prevalence of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections among youth using a rapid assay platform, (b) the participants' sexual behaviour and STI knowledge, (c) the utility of the rapid assay in reducing diagnosis-to-treatment time. METHODS In this study, 272 subjects (14-31 years) were included between 12/2016 and 7/2018. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data, sexual behaviour and STI knowledge. Prevalence of CT and NG infections were tested from oral, vaginal and anal swabs for women and oral, anal swabs and urine for men, using the Cepheid Xpert® CT/NG assay. Time intervals between (i) test to the time the patient were informed of the result (turn around time - TAT) and (ii) test to therapy initiation was documented. RESULTS Of the 272 subjects (48.9% female, 48.9% male, undisclosed 2.2%), 56.6 % reported university education. 46.6% were men who have sex with men (MSM), and 47.4% of women and 63.1% of men had anal intercourse. 59.9% had previously been tested for HIV, while only 39.7% had for CT, 20.6% for NG. Among these asymptomatic youth 7.7% were positive for CT and 5.5% for NG. The localization of CT were 3.7% genital, 5.5% anal and 2.2% oral, while the corresponding localization of NG were 0.4%, 2.9%, 4.4% respectively. 91.8% of the participants were informed of a positive result within 24 h with a median TAT of 03:09 h. 73.3% initiated therapy within 24 h, with a median time from testing to therapy initiation being 06:50 h. CONCLUSION Asypmtomatic CT and NG infections are common and often not tested in persons at risk. The Cepheid Xpert® CT/NG assay is an effective strategy as it reduces STI diagnosis-to-treatment time to less than a day.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Skaletz-Rorowski
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Potthoff
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - S Nambiar
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Wach
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Public Health Department Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - A Kayser
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Aids Service Organization Bochum e. V., Bochum, Germany
| | - A Kasper
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - N H Brockmeyer
- Walk In Ruhr (WIR), Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Bochum, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Immunological Outpatient Clinic, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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18
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Cegolon L, Bortolotto M, Bellizzi S, Cegolon A, Mastrangelo G, Xodo C. Birth control knowledge among freshmen of four Italian universities. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16466. [PMID: 33020531 PMCID: PMC7536290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since sexual health education (SHE) is not mandatory in Italian schools, we conducted a survey on freshmen of four Italian university campuses in 2012 to investigate the respective level of sexual health knowledge (SHK) in relation to birth control, with the aim to inform public health policy makers. A convenience strategy was employed to sample 4,552 freshmen registered with various undergraduate courses at four Italian universities: Padua university (Veneto Region); university of Milan (Lombardy Region); university of Bergamo (Lombardy Region); university of Palermo (Sicily Region). We investigated the level of SHK on birth control using 6 proxy indicators: (1) the average length of a woman’s period [outcome with 3 levels: wrong (base) vs. acceptable vs. correct]; (2) the most fertile interval within a woman’s period (binary outcome: correct vs. wrong answer); (3) the event between the end of a period and the beginning of the next cycle (binary outcome: correct vs. wrong answer); (4) the average survival of spermatozoa in the womb (binary outcome: correct vs. wrong answer); (5) the concept of contraception (binary outcome: correct vs. wrong answer); (6) the efficacy of various contraceptives to prevent unintended pregnancies (linear score: 0–17). We fitted 6 separate models of multiple regression: multinomial for outcome 1; logistic for outcomes 2, 3, 4, 6; linear for outcome 6. Statistical estimates were adjusted for a number of socio-demographic factors. Results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) for the 4 multiple logistic regression models, linear coefficients (RC) for the linear regression model and relative risk ratio (RRR) for the multinomial logistic regression model. The level of significance of each risk estimate was set at 0.05. The level of SHK of freshmen sampled was rather low, as 60% interviewees did not know the average length of a woman’s period, the average survival of spermatozoa in the womb and the concept of contraception, whilst the most fertile interval within a woman’s period was known only to 55% of interviewees. The mean score of SHK on the efficacy of various contraceptive methods was only 5 (scale 0–17). Some categories of students were consistently and significantly less knowledgeable on birth control at multivariable analysis: males; students from the university of Palermo; those with vocational secondary school education and those not in a romantic relationship at the time the survey was conducted. The results of this survey clearly call for the introduction of SHE programs in Italian schools, as already done in several European countries. School SHE should start as early as possible, ideally even before secondary school. SHE should be holistic and delivered with a multiple agency coordinated approach involving the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education, University and Scientific Research (MIUR), families, schools, public health departments, primary health care providers, pharmacists, media, other.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cegolon
- Public Health Department, Local Health Unit N.2 "Marca Trevigiana", Treviso, Italy.
| | - M Bortolotto
- FISPPA Department, Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | - S Bellizzi
- Medical Epidemiologist, Independent Consultant, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Cegolon
- Department of Political Sciences, Communication and International Relations, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - G Mastrangelo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic & Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | - C Xodo
- FISPPA Department, Padua University, Padua, Italy
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Soares JL, Silva IGB, Moreira MRL, Martins ÁKL, Rebouças VDCF, Cavalcante EGR. Transcultural theory in nursing care of women with infections. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73:e20190586. [PMID: 32965420 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze how nurses consider, in their practice of healthcare, the sociocultural context of women with sexually transmitted infections. METHOD Qualitative research, carried out in October 2017, with ten nurses working in teams of the Estratégia de Saúde da Família (Family Health Strategy). The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, subsequently transcribed, and submitted to the organization supported by the Discourse of the Collective Subject method and analyzed according to Madeleine Leininger's transcultural theory. RESULTS Nurses identified the sociocultural aspects of women with sexually transmitted infections and recognized the presence of influencing factors: technological, religious, economic, political, and legal, kinship and social, cultural values, and lifeways. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS The study found that the provision of care by nurses in Primary Health Care is close to the sociocultural aspects of these women when considering the beliefs and values of each individual, especially regarding the life context and their care experiences.
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Molnar A, Iancu M, Radu R, Borzan CM. A Joinpoint Regression Analysis of Syphilis and Gonorrhea Incidence in 15-19-Year Old Adolescents between 2005 and 2017: A Regional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155385. [PMID: 32726916 PMCID: PMC7432243 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Surveillance of syphilis and gonorrhea in Romania is case-based and makes use of European case definitions. Adolescence is a period characterized by vulnerabilities and opportunities, a period when health decisions, including those related to sexually transmitted infections, may have a lifetime impact. The present study investigates the trends recorded in the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea in 15-19 year-old adolescents in the central and northwestern regions of Romania. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted and this included surveillance data for syphilis and gonorrhea in the period 2005-2017 (n = 939). The distribution of demographic and epidemiological variables in adolescents with syphilis and gonorrhea was evaluated, as well as the tendency of the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea in the studied population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to characterize the incidence trend for syphilis and gonorrhea. Results: Between 2005 and 2017, 773 cases of syphilis and 166 cases of gonorrhea were reported. The incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea decreased. Most cases of syphilis have been found out by active detection. Most cases of gonorrhea have been found out by passive detection. The age distribution in the group diagnosed with syphilis was similar to that in the group diagnosed with gonorrhea. There was a higher frequency of syphilis in females and gonorrhea was more common in males. Syphilis was more common in rural areas. Gonorrhea was more common in urban areas. Conclusions: There was a decreasing tendency in the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea in adolescents aged 15-19 during the studied period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Molnar
- National Institute of Public Health, Regional Center of Public Health Cluj, Louis Pasteur Str., no. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (R.R.)
- Department of Public Health, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Avram Iancu Str., no. 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Iancu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Str., no. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodica Radu
- National Institute of Public Health, Regional Center of Public Health Cluj, Louis Pasteur Str., no. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Cristina Maria Borzan
- Department of Public Health, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Avram Iancu Str., no. 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Albanghali MA, Othman BA. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Young Adults Living in Albaha, Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17061872. [PMID: 32183110 PMCID: PMC7142563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain one of the most important health challenges in not only developing countries but also developed countries. Discussing STDs in the Saudi society is considered taboo, as social factors and ethics give rise to many obstacles. This study evaluates the knowledge of STDs among young adult students enrolled in Albaha University. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study involving 1902 young adult students registered at Albaha University. STDs knowledge scores (STDs-KSs) were calculated using a predesigned and validated STDs knowledge questionnaire with 27 items adapted from previously developed questionnaires. Results: The estimated overall mean of STDs-KS was 7.95 ± 4.29. Female participants showed a significantly higher mean of STDs-KS, compared to males (8.51 ± 4.14 vs. 7.32 ± 4.38, p < 0.0001). Participants registered in health sciences programs showed higher STDs-KS, compared to participants from arts and sciences programs (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Evidence from this study suggests a lack of STDs knowledge among young adults. To promote STDs awareness among this population, more health educational programs should be included in school curricula at the late stages of secondary education.
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CICCARESE G, DRAGO F, HERZUM A, REBORA A, COGORNO L, ZANGRILLO F, PARODI A. Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and risky behaviors among undergraduate students in Tirana, Albania: comparison with Italian students. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2020; 61:E3-E5. [PMID: 32490261 PMCID: PMC7225650 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.1.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. CICCARESE
- Dermatologic Clinic, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: Giulia Ciccarese, Dermatologic Clinic, Policlinico San Martino, largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy. Phone: +39 010 5555753 - E-mail:
| | - F. DRAGO
- Dermatologic Clinic, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - A. HERZUM
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - A. REBORA
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - L. COGORNO
- Department of Experimental Medicine-Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F. ZANGRILLO
- Section of Hygiene Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - A. PARODI
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Health Science, University of Genoa, Italy
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The Risky Health Behaviours of Male Adolescents in the Southern Italian Region: Implications for Sexual and Reproductive Disease. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091414. [PMID: 31500383 PMCID: PMC6781188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies suggest an increase of sexual and reproductive chronic diseases caused by problematic behaviours acquired during peri-pubertal age. The aims of our study were: (i) to investigate awareness of sexual transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents; (ii) to describe the close relationship between possibly incorrect lifestyles during adolescence and reproductive and sexual disturbances during adulthood. The “Amico-Andrologo” survey is a permanent nationwide surveillance program supported by the Italian Ministry of Health. We administered a validated structured interview to investigate the lifestyle of adolescents and their knowledge of STIs. We selected a cohort of 360 male high-school students aged ≥18 years old. In this cohort, 150 (41.5%) were smokers while 59 (19.7%) smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day; 25 (9.3%) declared a consumption ≥6 drinks/weekend; and 65 (19.7%) were habitual cannabis consumers (at least twice/week). Among the sample of students selected, the main sources of sexual disease information were the internet and friends. The perceived level of knowledge on STIs was the same between students that used contraceptive methods and students that did not. The present results demonstrate that adolescents in Calabria do not receive appropriate information about risky health behaviours. Therefore, there is a necessity for specific educational programs to increase awareness of dangerous behaviours during the transitional age that is relevant for a safe sexual and reproductive adult life.
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VISALLI G, COSENZA B, MAZZÙ F, BERTUCCIO M, SPATARO P, PELLICANÒ G, DI PIETRO A, PICERNO I, FACCIOLÀ A. Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections and risky behaviours: a survey among high school and university students. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2019; 60:E84-E92. [PMID: 31312737 PMCID: PMC6614571 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2019.60.2.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction STIs are a serious public health problem. Worldwide, 500 million people a year acquire a STI, and young are the most affected. Methods This study was conducted administering an anonymous questionnaire to 1228 Sicilian students of high school and university. Results The students had variable understanding of STIs and their complications. The results demonstrate an extreme variability in the knowledge of STIs. Multiple linear regression showed that sexual health knowledge was associated with age and sexual orientation. Conclusions Our results show that knowledge of STIs is poor and inadequate. This finding can put students at risk of STIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. VISALLI
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: Giuseppa Visalli, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy - Tel. +39 090 221 7093 - Fax +39 090 221 3351 - E-mail:
| | - B. COSENZA
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - F. MAZZÙ
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - M.P. BERTUCCIO
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - P. SPATARO
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - G.F. PELLICANÒ
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and the Developmental Age “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Italy
| | - A. DI PIETRO
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - I. PICERNO
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Italy
| | - A. FACCIOLÀ
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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Pérez-Morente MÁ, Sánchez-Ocón MT, Martínez-García E, Martín-Salvador A, Hueso-Montoro C, García-García I. Differences in Sexually Transmitted Infections between the Precrisis Period (2000⁻2007) and the Crisis Period (2008⁻2014) in Granada, Spain. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020277. [PMID: 30823520 PMCID: PMC6406728 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the difference in the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between two time periods (2000–2007 and 2008–2014, with the latter period characterized by the economic crisis), as well as determine differences in sociodemographic factors, clinical care, and risk indicators. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, and analytical study, reviewing 1437 medical records of subjects attending a specialized center in the province of Granada (Spain) for consultation associated with the presence or suspicion of an STI between 2000–2014. Data were collected on variables relating to the research objective. A descriptive and bivariate statistical analysis was performed by multiple logistic regression. Results: In the analysis comparing the presence of STIs between the crisis and non-crisis periods, the percentage of positive diagnoses reached 56.6% compared to 43.4% negative diagnoses during the non-crisis period, while the percentages were 75.2% and 24.8%, respectively, during the crisis period. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001) with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.21 after adjusting for age, sex, days since last unprotected sexual intercourse, and partners in the last year. Conclusions: There are significant differences in the prevalence of STIs between the study periods, which is consistent with the reports of some authors regarding the effect of the financial crisis on these conditions; however, it is worth considering other aspects that might explain the differences.
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STI Health Disparities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Preventive Interventions in Educational Settings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122819. [PMID: 30544919 PMCID: PMC6313766 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to address disparities related to sexual health among students by examining the effectiveness of sexually transmitted infection (STI) preventive interventions in educational settings. PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Public Health Database, and EMBASE databases were used to conduct searches. Information relating to studies, programs, participants, and quantitative outcome variables were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed and meta-analysis was conducted. This systematic review included 16 articles. The outcomes were classified into behavioral and psychosocial categories. The behavioral category included sexual partners, sexual activity, condom use, STI/HIV testing, and alcohol/drug use before sex. The psychosocial category consisted of knowledge, motivational factors, and skills. Interventions had a significantly positive impact on both behavioral (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.17–1.39) and psychosocial (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.36–2.72) outcomes. Among the psychosocial outcomes, the interventions were most effective at promoting knowledge (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 2.13–4.72), followed by enhancing motivational factors (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.04–2.75) and increasing behavioral skills (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13–1.81). The results of this systematic review provide empirical evidence for public health professionals and policy makers regarding planning, implementation, evaluation, and modification of STI preventive intervention programs in educational settings.
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Ding R, Wen X, He P, Guo C, Luo Y, Song X, Zheng X. Association Between Childhood and Adolescent Sexual Abuse Experiences and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors Among Chinese Youth. Sex Med 2018; 6:273-281. [PMID: 30449477 PMCID: PMC6302131 DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents are at high risk for negative health outcomes associated with high-risk sexual behaviors (HRSBs), and researchers have attempted to identify factors that influence such behavior so that meaningful prevention and intervention programs may be developed. Aim To investigate the associations between CSA experience and HRSBs in Chinese youth aged 15-24 years old. Methods Data were from the Survey of Youth Access to Reproductive Health in China, a national sample survey conducted in 2009. The following behaviors were classified as HRSBs: condom non-use during the first sexual experience, having sex with multiple partners, taking part in casual sex, engaging in commercial sex, taking part in anal sex, and condom non-use during the most recent sexual encounter. Differences in HRSBs between the sexes were examined. The χ2 test and binary logistic regression were used to estimate the association between CSA experience and HRSBs. Main Outcome Measure The sexual behaviors of condom non-use during the first sexual experience, sexual activity with multiple partners, taking part in casual sex, engaging in commercial sex (defined as paying or receiving money/gifts in exchange for sex), taking part in anal sex, and condom non-using during the most recent sexual intercourse were classified as HRSBs. Results 4,974 Sexually active youth were included in this study, 150 respondents (3.0%) reported CSA experience, and 3,950 (79.4%) sexually active youth had engaged in at least 1 type of HRSBs. The odds of having sex with multiple partners (odds ratio [OR] 4.31, 95% CI 3.07–6.07), casual sex (OR 3.65, 95% CI 2.55–5.24), commercial sex (OR 7.43, 95% CI 5.13–10.77), anal copulation (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.57–4.12), or any of these HRSBs (OR 5.02, 95% CI 2.33–10.80) were significantly higher among those who had experienced CSA. There was a gender-specific difference in the associations of CSA with different types of HRSBs. Conclusion Sexual abuse experience in childhood is highly correlated with HRSBs among Chinese youth, and the pattern of this association differs between males and females. Public knowledge and social assistance systems needs to be improved for children and youth in China. Gender-specific counter-measures may be more efficient for interventions. Ding R, Wen X, He P, et al. Association Between Childhood and Adolescent Sexual Abuse Experiences and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors Among Chinese Youth. Sex Med 2018;6:273–281.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Ding
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wen
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping He
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Guo
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Luo
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinming Song
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding Author: Xiaoying Zheng, Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Yi He Yuan Lu No. 5, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China. Tel: 8610-62751974; Fax: 8610-62751974
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Pivač S, Kalender Smajlović S. Vloga staršev in vzgoje za zdravje pri oblikovanju odgovornega spolnega vedenja. OBZORNIK ZDRAVSTVENE NEGE 2018. [DOI: 10.14528/snr.2018.52.2.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uvod: Spolno vedenje je pogosto povezano z določenim zdravstvenim tveganjem, kar vključuje nizko spolno ozaveščenost, značilno za spolno vedenje mladih brez izkušenj. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti odnos učencev do spolnega vedenja ter vlogo staršev in spolne vzgoje pri zavedanju učencev o posledicah tveganega spolnega vedenja.Metode: Izvedena je bila kvantitativna neeksperimentalna metoda raziskovanja, s pomočjo strukturiranega vprašalnika na vzorcu 144 učencev ene izmed osnovnih šol na Gorenjskem, septembra 2013. Za analizo podatkov so bili uporabljeni opisna statistika, Mann Whitneyjev U-test, Kruskall – Wallisov test ter linearna večkratna regresijska analiza.Rezultati: Trditev »Kadar imam težave, mi družina nudi oporo« ima statistično značilen vpliv na pozitivno oblikovanje mnenj o spolnem vedenju (β = 0,259, p = 0,002). Ugotovili smo statistično pomemben vpliv zavedanja anketirancev o posledicah tveganega spolnega vedenja in proučevanih spremenljivk, kot sta »Spolna vzgoja pomaga pri razumevanju telesnih in čustvenih sprememb, ki jih prinaša puberteta (β = 0,089,p < 0,001)« in »Pri prvem spolnem odnosu moram paziti, da sem zaščiten/-a« (β = 0,066, p = 0,001).Diskusija in zaključek: Anketirani učenci so dovzetni za ustvarjanje boljšega spolnega vedenja takrat, ko jim podporo - pogosto kot prvi vir - nudi družina. Spolna vzgoja predstavlja preventivo pred tveganim spolnim vedenjem. Gre za proces, v katerem posameznik pridobi informacije in oblikuje stališče / prepričanja o spolnosti, spolni identiteti, odnosih in intimnosti.
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von Rosen FT, von Rosen AJ, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Damberg I, Tinnemann P. STI Knowledge in Berlin Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E110. [PMID: 29320464 PMCID: PMC5800209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose a significant threat to individual and public health. They disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed self-rated and factual STI knowledge in a sample of 9th graders in 13 secondary schools in Berlin, Germany. Differences by age, gender, migrant background, and school type were quantified using bivariate and multivariable analyses. A total of 1177 students in 61 classes participated. The mean age was 14.6 (SD = 0.7), 47.5% were female, and 52.9% had at least one immigrant parent. Knowledge of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was widespread, but other STIs were less known. For example, 46.2% had never heard of chlamydia, 10.8% knew of the HPV vaccination, and only 2.2% were aware that no cure exists for HPV infection. While boys were more likely to describe their knowledge as good, there was no general gender superiority in factual knowledge. Children of immigrants and students in the least academic schools had lower knowledge overall. Our results show that despite their particular risk to contract an STI, adolescents suffer from suboptimal levels of knowledge on STIs beyond HIV. Urgent efforts needed to improve adolescent STI knowledge in order to improve the uptake of primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Tilmann von Rosen
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Antonella Juline von Rosen
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
| | - Inken Damberg
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Peter Tinnemann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
- Akademie für Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen, 40472 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Hadzimehmedovic A, Ferkovic V, Jahic M. Behavioral Sexual Characteristics of Female Students in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Mater Sociomed 2017; 29:101-104. [PMID: 28883771 PMCID: PMC5544443 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2017.29.101-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Characteristics of sexual behaviour of female students, which will affect fertility in adulthood, represent one of the critical parameters of reproductive health. AIM The aim of this study was assess characteristics of sexual behavior of female students in Bosnia and Herzegovina. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective study on a representative sample of 2,872 regular girls aged 19-24 years, an anonymous survey on the reproductive health of female students in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2007 to 2009 was conducted. RESULTS Of the total number (N = 2872) of surveyed female students, 49.44% were sexually active. Average sexarcha age was 18.14±1.83 years, and there was statistically significant earlier sexarcha in female students in Banja Luka vs. female students of the University of Sarajevo (p<0.001), as well as in female students in Mostar vs. female students of the University of Tuzla (p<0.001). Sexually active female students in 74,4 % cases had intercourses with only one partner, and 7,7 % of them had intercourses with three or more partners. Regarding the use of contraceptive methods, 69.4% female students were using contraception at first intercourse and 66.7% of them at last intercourse. 3.5% of sexually active students (N=50) had intentional abortion. Almost half (46.9%) of surveyed female students had regular pelvic exams; nearly two-third of those (63.4%) had gynecological exams in private institutions, and 36.6% of them in public health facilitie. Only one-third (35.8%) sexually active female students in BiH stated that Pap test was performed. CONCLUSION Sexual behaviour of female students in BiH is less risky than in the immediate environment, but health care quality is poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Hadzimehmedovic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vesna Ferkovic
- Department of Public Health, Medical Science of Preventive, Medical faculty, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mahira Jahic
- Gynecologic Practice “Dr Mahira Jahić”, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Folasayo AT, Oluwasegun AJ, Samsudin S, Saudi SNS, Osman M, Hamat RA. Assessing the Knowledge Level, Attitudes, Risky Behaviors and Preventive Practices on Sexually Transmitted Diseases among University Students as Future Healthcare Providers in the Central Zone of Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E159. [PMID: 28208724 PMCID: PMC5334713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was done to assess the knowledge, attitudes, risky behaviors and preventive practices related to sexually-transmitted diseases (STDs) among health and non-health sciences university students as future healthcare providers in Malaysia. A total of 700 health and non-health sciences university students (255 male; 445 female) aged between 17 and 30 years were surveyed by using a self-administered questionnaire. The majority (86.6%) had heard of STDs, and 50.4% knew STDs could present without symptoms. HIV remains the best known STD (83.6%) by the students, while chlamydia (26%) and trichomoniasis (21.0%) were rarely known. Gender, age group, educational level and faculty type were strongly associated with knowledge level (p-values < 0.05). Most of them (88.8%) were aware that STD screening was important while use of condoms was protective (63.8%). The majority of them strongly felt that treatment should be sought immediately if they (85.5%) and their partners (87.4%) have symptoms. Among the sexually-active students, 66.7% and 18% had sexual intercourse with multiple partners and commercial sex workers, while 17.4% and 9.4% took alcohol and drugs before having sex, respectively. By logistic regression analysis, students aged 24-30 years old (an odds ratio (AOR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.377-0.859) and faculty type (AOR = 5.69, 95% CI = 4.019-8.057) were the significant predictors for the knowledge level. Knowledge on the non-HIV causes of STDs is still lacking, and the risky behavior practiced by the sexually-active students in this study is alarming. There is a need to revisit the existing STD education curriculum in both schools and universities so that appropriate intervention on STDs can be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adigun Temiloluwa Folasayo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Afolayan John Oluwasegun
- School of Architectural Design (SOAD), Linton Universiti College, Persiaran UTL, Bandar Universiti Teknologi Legenda (BUTL), Batu 12, 71700 Mantin, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Suhailah Samsudin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Nor Sakinah Saudi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Malina Osman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Rukman Awang Hamat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Ciccarese G, Herzum A, Rebora A, Drago F. Prevalence of genital, oral, and anal HPV infection among STI patients in Italy. J Med Virol 2016; 89:1121-1124. [PMID: 27935070 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a carcinogenic agent responsible for tumor development in many sexually involved tissues. We present a survey on the prevalence of HPV infection in a risk population for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The studied population was formed by 125 STI clinic attendees, who took part in a screening program on STIs. To be included in the study, the patients had to show no overt clinical signs of HPV infection. Genital (cervical in women, urethral in men), anal, and oral samples were collected with ThinPrep liquid based cytology preparation system. Overall, of the screened population, 56% proved positive for genital HPV, 37% for oral HPV, and 42% for anal HPV infection. Our data indicate that in STI patients, HPV infection is more prevalent, than previously estimated. Further studies are needed to better understand the epidemiological burden of HPV in sexually involved tissues, especially in the oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ciccarese
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, IRCCS Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Astrid Herzum
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, IRCCS Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Rebora
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, IRCCS Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Drago
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, IRCCS Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
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