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Favarin A, Becker G, Brum ES, Serafini PT, Marquezin LP, Brusco I, Oliveira SM. Topical diosmetin attenuates nociception and inflammation in a ultraviolet B radiation-induced sunburn model in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2295-2304. [PMID: 38907857 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Burns are a global health problem and can be caused by several factors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exposure to UVB radiation can cause sunburn and a consequent inflammatory response characterised by pain, oedema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and erythema. Pharmacological treatments available to treat burns and the pain caused by them include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, antimicrobials and glucocorticoids, which are associated with adverse effects. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic alternatives is needed. Diosmetin, an aglycone of the flavonoid diosmin, has antinociceptive, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of topical diosmetin (0.01, 0.1 and 1%) in a UVB radiation-induced sunburn model in mice. The right hind paw of the anaesthetised mice was exposed only once to UVB radiation (0.75 J/cm2) and immediately treated with diosmetin once a day for 5 days. The diosmetin antinociceptive effect was evaluated by mechanical allodynia and pain affective-motivational behaviour, while its anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring paw oedema and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration. Mice exposed to UVB radiation presented mechanical allodynia, increased pain affective-motivational behaviour, paw oedema and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration into the paw tissue. Topical Pemulen® TR2 1% diosmetin reduced the mechanical allodynia, the pain affective-motivational behaviour, the paw oedema and the number of polymorphonuclear cells in the mice's paw tissue similar to that presented by Pemulen® TR2 0.1% dexamethasone. These findings indicate that diosmetin has therapeutic potential and may be a promising strategy for treating patients experiencing inflammatory pain, especially those associated with sunburn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Favarin
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Becker
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Evelyne Silva Brum
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Tuzi Serafini
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara Panazzolo Marquezin
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Indiara Brusco
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Community University of Chapecó Region, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurotoxicity and Psychopharmacology - Pain Research Group, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Chlad P, Kakkassery V, Wolf A, Miller CV, Strauss O, Alfaar AS. The Epidemiology and Survival Outcomes of Adult Conjunctival Malignancies in Germany: A Decade-Long Population-Based Analysis (2009-2019). Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38968083 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2024.2361170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological patterns, treatment strategies, and survival outcomes of conjunctival malignancies in Germany between 2009 and 2019. METHODS A total of 1,532 cases were analyzed, with the crude incidence rate calculated. The survival rates were investigated using life tables and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The overall incidence rate was 1.7 per million. Incidence rates varied across age groups, peaking in the 75+ age group. Carcinomas (43%), melanomas (30%), and lymphomas (20%), were the most prevalent malignancies. Of the total cases with reported treatment, surgical intervention was undertaken in 64.5% of the patients. The 5-year overall survival rates were 90.4% for lymphomas, 73.8% for melanomas, and 72.9% for carcinomas. Age at diagnosis emerged as a significant prognostic factor in the Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first population-based incidence data on conjunctival malignancies in Germany, noting a generally low incidence with survival rates comparable to other regions. The findings underscore the importance of consistent reporting and further research into risk factors for a deeper understanding of these malignancies. The study calls for improved reporting systems and further investigations into genetic factors and targeted prevention strategies for high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Chlad
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital of Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Armin Wolf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Strauss
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmad Samir Alfaar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
- Medical Neuroscience Program, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- St. Paul Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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Ahn S, McClure LA, Pinheiro PS, Hernandez D, Boga DJ, Ukani H, Chavez JV, Quintela Fernandez JA, Caban-Martinez AJ, Kobetz E, Lee DJ. Methodological and Practical Challenges in Synthesizing Occupational Cancer Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:742. [PMID: 38928988 PMCID: PMC11203818 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Studies examining occupational exposures and cancer risk frequently report mixed findings; it is thus imperative for researchers to synthesize study results and identify any potential sources that explain such variabilities in study findings. However, when synthesizing study results using meta-analytic techniques, researchers often encounter a number of practical and methodological challenges. These challenges include (1) an incomparability of effect size measures due to large variations in research methodology; (2) a violation of the independence assumption for meta-analysis; (3) a violation of the normality assumption of effect size measures; and (4) a variation in cancer definitions across studies and changes in coding standards over time. In this paper, we first demonstrate these challenges by providing examples from a real dataset collected for a large meta-analysis project that synthesizes cancer mortality and incidence rates among firefighters. We summarize how each of these challenges has been handled in our meta-analysis. We conclude this paper by providing practical guidelines for handling challenges when synthesizing study findings from occupational cancer literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Ahn
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Laura A. McClure
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
| | - Paulo S. Pinheiro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Diana Hernandez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
| | - Devina J. Boga
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
| | - Henna Ukani
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
| | - Jennifer V. Chavez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
| | | | - Alberto J. Caban-Martinez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Erin Kobetz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - David J. Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA; (L.A.M.); (P.S.P.); (D.H.); (D.J.B.); (H.U.); (J.V.C.); (A.J.C.-M.); (E.K.); (D.J.L.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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Greene AC, Matzelle-Zywicki M, Ziegler O, El-Mallah JC, Stack MJ, Pameijer CR, Shen C. Characteristics and variations in young adults with cutaneous melanoma: A national cancer database analysis. J Surg Oncol 2024; 129:1554-1565. [PMID: 38764307 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Many cancers in young adulthood differ in terms of biology, histologic variation, and prognosis compared to cancer in other older age groups. Differences in cutaneous melanoma among young adults compared to other older age groups, as well as between sexes in young adults are not well studied. METHODS The National Cancer Database was queried for patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma between 2004 and 2017. Patient characteristics, disease factors, and treatment were stratified by age-based cohorts and compared using standard univariate statistics. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used to evaluate overall survival (OS) between age-based cohorts and young adult sexes. RESULTS Of the 329 765 patients identified, 10.5% were between 18 and 39 years of age at diagnosis. Compared with other older age groups, young adult patients were more likely to be female and uninsured with higher proportions of superficial spreading melanoma, melanoma of the trunk and extremities, and earlier-stage disease. Young adults had improved OS compared to other older age groups. Young male patients had a greater proportion of no insurance, nodular melanoma, higher-stage disease, and decreased OS compared to young female patients. Additionally, while the 5-year OS difference was statistically significant across all stages of disease between young males and females, the clinical significance is likely limited to later stages. CONCLUSIONS Age and sex-specific differences in cutaneous melanoma highlight distinct patterns and characteristics, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches to screening, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia C Greene
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Olivia Ziegler
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica C El-Mallah
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael J Stack
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Colette R Pameijer
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chan Shen
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Tang X, Yang T, Yu D, Xiong H, Zhang S. Current insights and future perspectives of ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure: Friends and foes to the skin and beyond the skin. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108535. [PMID: 38428192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is ubiquitous in the environment, which has been classified as an established human carcinogen. As the largest and outermost organ of the body, direct exposure of skin to sunlight or UV radiation can result in sunburn, inflammation, photo-immunosuppression, photoaging and even skin cancers. To date, there are tactics to protect the skin by preventing UV radiation and reducing the amount of UV radiation to the skin. Nevertheless, deciphering the essential regulatory mechanisms may pave the way for therapeutic interventions against UV-induced skin disorders. Additionally, UV light is considered beneficial for specific skin-related conditions in medical UV therapy. Recent evidence indicates that the biological effects of UV exposure extend beyond the skin and include the treatment of inflammatory diseases, solid tumors and certain abnormal behaviors. This review mainly focuses on the effects of UV on the skin. Moreover, novel findings of the biological effects of UV in other organs and systems are also summarized. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which UV affects the human organism remain to be fully elucidated to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of its biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyou Tang
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850000, China; Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingyi Yang
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Hai Xiong
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850000, China; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa 850000, China; Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang 621099, China.
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6
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Slavinsky V, Helmy J, Vroman J, Valdebran M. Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure in workers with outdoor occupations: a systematic review and call to action. Int J Dermatol 2024; 63:288-297. [PMID: 37853576 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic solar ultraviolet radiation (sUVR) exposure leads to an increased incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development, particularly when accumulated over decades. Workers in certain industries, such as construction, agriculture, postal workers, and the military, are at higher risk due to cumulative sUVR exposure in their line of work. By assessing the relationship between sUVR exposure in outdoor workers and their skin cancer risk and defining methods of prevention, clinicians can offer focused sun protection counseling to this unique population. PubMed was used to perform a literature review to address the following research questions: 1. How is ultraviolet radiation measured? 2. What is the modern utility of the ultraviolet index in modifying sun protection behaviors in outdoor industry workers? 3. What is the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer development in individuals working in outdoor occupations? 4. What is the prevalence of skin cancer among outdoor workers? 5. Is the number of nevi and solar lentigines elevated among individuals employed in outdoor occupations? The literature suggests that individuals in outdoor occupations are exposed to UV levels that often surpass safety limits for occupational UVR exposure, increasing their risk of developing skin cancer and precursor and pigmented lesions. Individuals in high-risk occupations experience significantly higher levels of sUVR exposure than their indoor worker counterparts, increasing their risk of malignant cutaneous transformation. Accordingly, these individuals must be counseled on effective solar protection methods, and employers should advocate for actionable change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Helmy
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jenna Vroman
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Manuel Valdebran
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Calvo MJ, Navarro C, Durán P, Galan-Freyle NJ, Parra Hernández LA, Pacheco-Londoño LC, Castelanich D, Bermúdez V, Chacin M. Antioxidants in Photoaging: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2403. [PMID: 38397077 PMCID: PMC10889126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoaging (PA) is considered a silent disease affecting millions of people globally and is defined as skin damage due to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun. Physiologically, the skin is in a state of renewal and synthesis of components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, exposure to UVR affects the production of the ECM, and the functioning and response of skin cells to UVR begins to change, thus expressing clinical and phenotypic characteristics of PA. The primary mechanisms involved in PA are direct damage to the DNA of skin cells, increases in oxidative stress, the activation of cell signaling pathways responsible for the loss of skin integrity, and cytotoxicity. The medical and scientific community has been researching new therapeutic tools that counteract PA, considering that the damage caused by UVR exceeds the antioxidant defense mechanisms of the skin. Thus, in recent years, certain nutraceuticals and phytochemicals have been found to exhibit potential antioxidant and photoprotective effects. Therefore, the main objective of this review is to elucidate the molecular bases of PA and the latest pharmaceutical industry findings on antioxidant treatment against the progression of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Calvo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela (C.N.); (P.D.)
| | - Carolina Navarro
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela (C.N.); (P.D.)
| | - Pablo Durán
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela (C.N.); (P.D.)
| | - Nataly J. Galan-Freyle
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida (CICV), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia; (N.J.G.-F.); (L.C.P.-L.); (V.B.)
| | - Luis Alberto Parra Hernández
- International Society for Non-Surgical Facial Rejuvenation (SIRF), Barranquilla 080003, Colombia; (L.A.P.H.); (D.C.)
| | - Leonardo C Pacheco-Londoño
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida (CICV), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia; (N.J.G.-F.); (L.C.P.-L.); (V.B.)
| | - Desiree Castelanich
- International Society for Non-Surgical Facial Rejuvenation (SIRF), Barranquilla 080003, Colombia; (L.A.P.H.); (D.C.)
- Argentine Society of Dermatology, Buenos Aires B1228, Argentina
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida (CICV), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia; (N.J.G.-F.); (L.C.P.-L.); (V.B.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia
| | - Maricarmen Chacin
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Vida (CICV), Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia; (N.J.G.-F.); (L.C.P.-L.); (V.B.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia
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Li Y, Ma Y, Yao Y, Ru G, Lan C, Li L, Huang T. Protective effect of isoquercitrin on UVB-induced injury in HaCaT cells and mice skin through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regulation of MAPK and JAK2-STAT3 pathways. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38337181 DOI: 10.1111/php.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Natural products are favored in the study of skin photodamage protection recently. Isoquercetin, namely 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, can be isolated from various plant species. In present research, the protective effect of isoquercitrin on UVB-induced injury in cells and mice skin were investigated. Our study reveals that 400 μM of isoquercitrin exhibits the best viability on UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells, and beneficial effects against oxidative stress UVB-induced in skin tissue by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and simultaneously enhancing the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, isoquercitrin was identified as an anti-inflammatory agent by reducing the level of COX-2 by Western blot analysis, and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α by ELISA, and UVB-induced epidermal thickening evidenced by H&E staining. It also effectively prevented UVB-induced collagen fibers from degradation identified by Masson staining. Isoquercitrin significantly inhibited MAPK pathway by downregulating the levels of AP-1, MMP-1, MMP-3, phospho-p38, phospho-JNK, phospho-ERK, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and JAK2-STAT3 pathway by western blot analysis. In conclusion, isoquercitrin pretreatment protected mice skin from UVB irradiation-induced injury effectively, and the underlying mechanism may involve MAPK and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yunge Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yike Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guohua Ru
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chong Lan
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liyan Li
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Zhang RY, Li FJ, Zhang Q, Xin LH, Huang JY, Zhao J. Causal associations between modifiable risk factors and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1321216. [PMID: 38385030 PMCID: PMC10880103 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1321216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This Mendelian randomization (MR) study identified modifiable risk factors for isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). Methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for 29 modifiable risk factors for iRBD in discovery and replication stages were used. GWAS data for iRBD cases were obtained from the International RBD Study Group. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was primarily employed to explore causality, with supplementary analyses used to verify the robustness of IVW findings. Co-localization analysis further substantiated causal associations identified via MR. Genetic correlations between mental illness and iRBD were identified using trait covariance, linkage disequilibrium score regression, and co-localization analyses. Results Our study revealed causal associations between sun exposure-related factors and iRBD. Utilizing sun protection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31 [0.14, 0.69], p = 0.004), ease of sunburn (OR = 0.70 [0.57, 0.87], p = 0.001), childhood sunburn occasions (OR = 0.58 [0.39, 0.87], p = 0.008), and phototoxic dermatitis (OR = 0.78 [0.66, 0.92], p = 0.003) decreased iRBD risk. Conversely, a deep skin color increased risk (OR = 1.42 [1.04, 1.93], p = 0.026). Smoking, alcohol consumption, low education levels, and mental illness were not risk factors for iRBD. Anxiety disorders and iRBD were genetically correlated. Conclusion Our study does not corroborate previous findings that identified smoking, alcohol use, low education, and mental illness as risk factors for iRBD. Moreover, we found that excessive sun exposure elevates iRBD risk. These findings offer new insights for screening high-risk populations and devising preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fu-Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li-Hong Xin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ying Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Fitoussi R, Aulanier A, Attia R, Denis D, David T. [A case of photic maculopathy]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2024; 47:103988. [PMID: 37919150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Fitoussi
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital universitaire de la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France.
| | - A Aulanier
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital universitaire de la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - R Attia
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital universitaire de la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - D Denis
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital universitaire de la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - T David
- Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital universitaire de la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
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11
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Gioppo IS, de Castro Martins IM, Santos SS, Preto JFR, Miola AC, Miot HA. Association between calcium channel blockers and the severity of actinic keratosis on face and scalp: a cross-sectional study. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:1511-1519. [PMID: 37855160 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratosis (AK) is a skin condition associated with age, sun exposure, and immunosuppression. Certain drugs, such as photosensitizing medications and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), have been linked to AK. This study explores the impact of individual, behavioral, and exposure factors on the severity of AKs on the face and scalp. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on immunocompetent individuals with at least one AK on their face or scalp and assessed demographic factors, sun exposure and protection, history of skin cancer, and medication use within the last 6 months. The primary outcome was the Actinic Keratosis Area and Severity Index (AKASI) score, and a hierarchical generalized linear model was used to evaluate the variation in AKASI scores, adjusting for gender, age, and skin phototype. RESULTS Two hundred seventy subjects between 39 and 92 years were evaluated. The majority had phototype I or II (77%), male gender (51%), personal history of skin cancer (55%), and low adherence to sunscreen use (29%). The use of photosensitizing medications was reported by 61%. Through multivariate analysis, older age (βSE = 0.14; P < 0.01), lighter skin phototype (βSE = 0.15; P = 0.01), history of skin cancer (βSE = 0.12; P < 0.01), sunburning (βSE = 0.12; P < 0.01), and use of CCBs (βSE = 0.11; P = 0.02) were identified as independent risk factors for AK severity. Photosensitizing drugs were not identified as risk factors. CONCLUSION Older age, lower skin phototype classifications, and a personal history of skin cancer were confirmed as severity risk factors for AK, while the use of CCBs was associated with more severe AK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anna C Miola
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Helio A Miot
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil
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12
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Li X, Yu X, Tian D, Liu Y, Li D. Exploring and validating the prognostic value of pathomics signatures and genomics in patients with cutaneous melanoma based on bioinformatics and deep learning. Med Phys 2023; 50:7049-7059. [PMID: 37722701 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most common malignant tumor of the skin. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of pathomics signatures for CM by combining pathomics and genomics. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the potential application value of pathomics signatures. METHODS Pathology full scans, clinical information, and genomics data for CM patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Exploratory data analysis (EDA) was used to visualize patient characteristics. Genes related to a poorer prognosis were screened through differential analysis. Survival analysis was performed to assess the prognostic value of gene and pathomics signatures. Artificial neural network (ANN) models predicted prognosis using signatures and genes. Correlation analysis was used to explore signature-gene links. RESULTS The clinical traits for 468 CM samples and the genomic data and pathology images for 471 CM samples were obtained from the TCGA database. The EDA results combined with multiple machine learning (ML) models suggested that the top 5 clinical traits in terms of importance were age, biopsy site, T stage, N stage and overall disease stage, and the eight ML models had a precision lower than 0.56. A total of 60 differentially expressed genes were obtained by comparing sequencing data. A total of 413 available quantitative signatures of each pathomics image were obtained with CellProfile software. The precision of the binary classification model based on pathomics signatures was 0.99, with a loss value of 1.7119e-04. The precision of the binary classification model based on differentially expressed genes was 0.98, with a loss value of 0.1101. The precision of the binary classification model based on pathomics signatures and differentially expressed genes was 0.97, with a loss value of 0.2088. The survival analyses showed that the survival rate of the high-risk group based on gene expression and pathomics signatures was significantly lower than that of the low-risk group. A total of 222 pathomics signatures and 51 differentially expressed genes were analyzed for survival with p-values of less than 0.05. There was a certain correlation between some pathomics signatures and differential gene expression involving ANO2, LINC00158, NDNF, ADAMTS15, and ADGRB3, etc. CONCLUSION: This study evaluated the prognostic significance of pathomics signatures and differentially expressed genes in CM patients. Three ANN models were developed, and all achieved accuracy rates higher than 97%. Specifically, the pathomics signature-based ANN model maintained a remarkable accuracy of 99%. These findings highlight the CellProfile + ANN model as an excellent choice for prognostic prediction in CM patients. Furthermore, our correlation analysis experimentally demonstrated a preliminary link between disease quantification and qualitative changes. Among various features, including M stage and treatments received, special attention should be given to age, biopsy site, T stage, N stage, and overall disease stage in CM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Duanliang Tian
- Department of Tuina, Qingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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13
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Neo JRE, Teo CWL, Ung YW, Yap WN. Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Attenuates Blue Light-Induced Oxidative Stress and Melanogenesis in B16-F1 Melanocytes via Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Tyrosinase Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15373. [PMID: 37895053 PMCID: PMC10607579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our skin is constantly exposed to blue light (BL), which is abundant in sunlight and emitted by digital devices. Prolonged exposure to BL can lead to oxidative stress-induced damages and skin hyperpigmentation. For this study, we used a cell line-based model to examine the protective effects of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on BL-induced oxidative stress and hyperpigmentation in B16-F1 melanocytes. Alpha-tocopherol (αTP) was used as a comparator. Molecular assays such as cell viability assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, fluorescence imaging, melanin and tyrosinase analysis were performed. Our results showed that TRF effectively suppressed the formation of reactive oxygen species and preserved the mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, TRF exhibited anti-apoptotic properties by reducing the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase molecule and downregulating the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, TRF modulated tyrosinase activity, resulting in a lowered rate of melanogenesis and reduced melanin production. In contrast, αTP did not exhibit significant protective effects against skin damages and pigmentation in BL-induced B16-F1 cells. Therefore, this study indicates that TRF may offer superior protective effects over αTP against the effects of BL on melanocytes. These findings demonstrate the potential of TRF as a protective natural ingredient that acts against BL-induced skin damages and hyperpigmentation via its anti-oxidative and anti-melanogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juvenia Rui En Neo
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, 3 Biopolis Drive, #04-19 Synapse, Singapore 138623, Singapore; (J.R.E.N.)
| | - Cheryl Wei Ling Teo
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, 3 Biopolis Drive, #04-19 Synapse, Singapore 138623, Singapore; (J.R.E.N.)
| | - Yee Wei Ung
- Research and Development Department, KL-Kepong Oleomas (KLK Oleo), Level 8, Menara KLK, No 1, Jalan PJU 7/6, Mutiara Damansara, Petaling Jaya 47810, Malaysia;
| | - Wei Ney Yap
- Research and Development Department, Davos Life Science, 3 Biopolis Drive, #04-19 Synapse, Singapore 138623, Singapore; (J.R.E.N.)
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14
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Serafim AIS, Maniva SJCDF, Campos RKGG, Silva PGDB, Pinheiro PNDC, Lopes CHADF, Morais HCC, de Freitas ADO. Factors associated with older adults' knowledge, attitude and practice on skin cancer prevention. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20220606. [PMID: 37820162 PMCID: PMC10561950 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to identify factors associated with older adults' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding skin cancer prevention. METHODS this is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 120 older adults from a Basic Health Unit in Quixadá, Ceará, from September to November 2018. RESULTS individuals aged 60 to 69 years and working were statistically associated with adequate knowledge (p=0.038). Having light skin, eyes and hair was associated with adequate attitude (p=0.030). Having skin problems, such as bleeding wounds, was associated with adequate practice (p=0.016). With regard to inappropriate behavior for skin cancer prevention, there was a statistically significant association between working or having worked under direct exposure to the sun, inadequate knowledge (p=0.036), inadequate attitude (p=0.010) and having incomplete primary education and inadequate practice (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS sociodemographic and clinical factors influence older adults' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding skin cancer prevention.
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15
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Alli S, LeBeau J, Hasbani A, Lagacé F, Litvinov IV, Peláez S. Understanding the Perceived Relationship between Sun Exposure and Melanoma in Atlantic Canada: A Consensual Qualitative Study Highlighting a "Sunscreen Paradox". Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4726. [PMID: 37835419 PMCID: PMC10571640 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cutaneous melanoma (CM) incidence is increasing, with sun exposure identified as a key modifiable risk factor. The Atlantic provinces of Canada display varied CM incidence rates: New Brunswick aligns with the national average, while Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island exceed it, and Newfoundland and Labrador fall below this benchmark. We investigated the relationship between sun exposure and CM in these provinces. Twenty-two focus groups encompassing 95 Atlantic Canada residents were conducted and transcribed. A thematic analysis was conducted in MAXQDA using the social-ecological model as a framework. Residents of high-CM incidence provinces demonstrated greater sun exposure awareness, consulting UV indices, and using sunscreen and sun-protective clothing. However, they received greater UV exposure due to warmer climates and outdoor work and cultural activities. Conversely, those in low-incidence provinces used sunscreen and sun-protective clothing less often, engaged in occupations and hobbies affording less sun exposure, and lived in cooler climates. Our data supports a possible "sunscreen paradox", whereby increased sunscreen use is correlated with augmented sun exposure, leading to a deceptive sense of security. Public health initiatives in Atlantic Canada promoting sun safety must address this paradox while integrating community-specific behaviors and norms in order to develop tailored campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauliha Alli
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Jonathan LeBeau
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Agustina Hasbani
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - François Lagacé
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Sandra Peláez
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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16
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Ivanova I, Bogner C, Gronwald W, Kreutz M, Kurz B, Maisch T, Kamenisch Y, Berneburg M. UVA-induced metabolic changes in non-malignant skin cells and the potential role of pyruvate as antioxidant. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:1889-1899. [PMID: 37193818 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to UVA (320-400 nm) irradiation is a major threat to human skin concerning photoaging and carcinogenesis. It has been shown that UVA irradiation can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA mutations, such as 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Furthermore, UVA induces the expression of photoaging-associated matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), especially of matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP 1) and matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP 3). In addition to this, it was recently shown that UVA-induced ROS also increase glucose metabolism of melanoma cells, however, the influence of UVA on the glucose metabolism of non-malignant cells of the human skin has, so far, not been investigated in detail. Here, we investigated the UVA-induced changes in glucose metabolism and the functional relevance of these changes in primary fibroblasts-normal non-malignant cells of the skin. These cells showed an UVA-induced enhanced glucose consumption and lactate production and changes in pyruvate production. As it has been proposed that pyruvate could have antioxidant properties we tested the functional relevance of pyruvate as protective agent against UVA-induced ROS. Our initial experiments support earlier publications, demonstrating that pyruvate treated with H2O2 is non-enzymatically transformed to acetate. Furthermore, we show that this decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetate also occurs upon UVA irradiation. In addition to this, we could show that in fibroblasts pyruvate has antioxidant properties as enhanced levels of pyruvate protect cells from UVA-induced ROS and partially from a DNA mutation by the modified base 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Furthermore, we describe for the first time, that the interaction of UVA with pyruvate is relevant for the regulation of photoaging-associated MMP 1 and MMP 3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ivanova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - C Bogner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Am BioPark 9, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Gronwald
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Am BioPark 9, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Kreutz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Molecular Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - B Kurz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - T Maisch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Y Kamenisch
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - M Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
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17
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Moe MC, Özmert E, Baudouin C, Binadra A, Crafoord S, Jo Y, Kiratli H, Moore M, Pitsiladis YP, Rolle U, Tan B, Yanik Ö, Budgett R, Erdener U, Steffen K, Engbretsen L. International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus paper on sports-related ophthalmology issues in elite sports. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001644. [PMID: 37485004 PMCID: PMC10357794 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision plays an important role in an athletes' success. In sports, nearly 80% of perceptual input is visual, and eye health and sports medicine are closely intertwined fields of utmost importance to athletes. The physical nature of sports activities renders individuals more prone to various eye injuries than the general population. Ocular trauma can lead to lifelong sequelae, and impaired vision requires careful follow-up and management. Apart from injuries, athletes may also experience vision problems that can hamper their performance, including blurred vision, double vision, and light sensitivity. The interdisciplinary nature of sports medicine necessitates collaboration between sports medicine professionals and ophthalmologists. Through such collaborations, athletes can receive appropriate eye care, education on proper eye protection and guidance on adopting good eye health practices. If any inconspicuous symptoms are not detected and treated promptly, athletes may acquire systemic injuries because of defective vision, preventing them from achieving high level athletic performance in competitions. The protection of the elite athlete is the responsibility of all of us in sports medicine. To advance a more unified, evidence-informed approach to ophthalmic health assessment and management in athletes and as relevant for sports medicine physicians, the International Olympic Committee Consensus Group aims for a critical evaluation of the current state of the science and practice of ophthalmologic issues and illness in high-level sports, and present recommendations for a unified approach to this important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Carstens Moe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emin Özmert
- Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vehbi Koç Eye Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital & Vision Institute, Paris, France
| | - Abhinav Binadra
- Medical & Scientific, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sven Crafoord
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Department of Ophthalmology, Örebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Young Jo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hayyam Kiratli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Melita Moore
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - Ben Tan
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Sport & Exercise Medicine Centre, Singapore
| | - Özge Yanik
- Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vehbi Koç Eye Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Richard Budgett
- Medical & Scientific, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ugur Erdener
- Medical & Scientific, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
- World Archery, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Steffen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Engbretsen
- Medical & Scientific, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Oslo Sports Trauma Center, Institute of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
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18
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Lee DJ, Ahn S, McClure LA, Caban-Martinez AJ, Kobetz EN, Ukani H, Boga DJ, Hernandez D, Pinheiro PS. Cancer risk and mortality among firefighters: a meta-analytic review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130754. [PMID: 37251928 PMCID: PMC10213433 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Firefighting is a hazardous occupation that is associated with an increased risk of select cancers. The number of studies has grown in recent years allowing for a synthesis of findings. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, multiple electronic databases were searched to identify studies on firefighter cancer risk and mortality. We computed pooled standardized incidence risk (SIRE) and standardized mortality estimates (SMRE), tested for publication bias, and conducted moderator analyses. Results Thirty-eight studies published between 1978 and March 2022 were included for final meta-analysis. Overall, cancer incidence and mortality were significantly lower for firefighters (SIRE = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91-0.95; SMRE = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.92 - 0.95) compared to the general population. Incident cancer risks were significantly higher for skin melanoma (SIRE = 1.14; 95% CI:1.08 - 1.21), other skin cancers (SIRE = 1.24; 95% CI:1.16-1.32), and prostate cancer (SIRE = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04-1.14). Firefighters showed higher mortality for rectum (SMRE = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.02-1.36), testis (SMRE = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.00-2.67), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (SMRE = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02-1.40). There was evidence of publication bias for SIRE and SMRE estimates. Some moderators explained variations in study effects, including study quality scores. Conclusion Firefighters are at higher risk for several cancers; to the extent that some (e.g., melanoma and prostate) are screening amenable, more study into firefighter-specific recommendations for cancer surveillance is needed. Moreover, longitudinal studies with more detailed data on the specific length and types of exposures are necessary, as well as on unstudied subtypes of cancers (e.g., subtypes of brain cancer and leukemias) are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Lee
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health Systems, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Soyeon Ahn
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura A. McClure
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health Systems, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Alberto J. Caban-Martinez
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health Systems, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Erin N. Kobetz
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health Systems, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Henna Ukani
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Devina J. Boga
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Diana Hernandez
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Paulo S. Pinheiro
- Department Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health Systems, Miami, FL, United States
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19
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Cai Y, Wu Z, Yuan R, Wang P, Xu H, Xu Y, Yao X, Wang H, Zou J. Alterations in Macular Microvasculature in Pterygium Patients Measured by OCT Angiography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091603. [PMID: 37174994 PMCID: PMC10177751 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported an association between pterygia and maculopathy, yet the underlying mechanisms and alterations to the macular microvasculature in pterygium patients have yet to be fully elucidated. Our study conducted an analysis of macular superficial vessel length density (VLD) and vessel perfusion density (VPD) to establish associations between the conjunctival and macular microvasculature in patients with unilateral and bilateral pterygia. We revealed a loss of macular microvasculature in the outer nasal (ON) region in both unilateral and bilateral pterygium patients. VLD was significantly decreased in both pterygium groups in the ON region, and VPD was notably lower in bilateral pterygium patients in the same area. Furthermore, in unilateral pterygium patients, the vessel percent pixel coverage (PPC) of the pterygium and the area of the pterygium exhibited a negative correlation with VLD in the ON region. Multiple stepwise linear regression models indicated that the PPC could best predict VLP in the ON region. Taken together, our findings suggest that patients with pterygia may be more susceptible to macular diseases, and this may be due to a compensatory increase in blood perfusion via the anterior ciliary artery. These results underscore the importance of managing maculopathy in patients with pterygia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Cai
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhenkai Wu
- The First People's Hospital of Changde, Changde 415000, China
| | - Ruolan Yuan
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Pingbao Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Huizhuo Xu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xueyan Yao
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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20
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Slot N, Tenkate T, Forsman-Phillips L, Arrandale VH, Kalia S, Holness DL, Peters CE. Barriers and Facilitators in the Creation of a Surveillance System for Solar Radiation-Induced Skin Cancers. New Solut 2023; 33:7-24. [PMID: 37083551 DOI: 10.1177/10482911231165975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Outdoor workers are exposed to many hazards, including solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Identifying, reporting, analyzing and tracking the exposures or health outcomes of outdoor workers have not generally been formally considered. This article aims to summarize the best practices/strategies for creating an occupational sun exposure or skin cancer surveillance system for outdoor workers and to understand the key barriers and facilitators to the development of such a system. For the design of a successful occupational safety and health (OSH) surveillance system five occupational surveillance strategies are summarized: exposure registry, disease registry, disease screening/medical surveillance, sentinel event surveillance, and disease surveillance via data linkage. Ten key considerations are identified, including identifying a clear goal, a defined target population and stakeholder involvement, five critical barriers are highlighted including underreporting and funding, and five vital facilitators are recognized including communication/collaboration and a simple reporting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Slot
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas Tenkate
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Victoria H Arrandale
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sunil Kalia
- Dermatology and Skin Science, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute and Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control, BC Cancer and Division of Dermatology, BC Children's Hospital, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine and MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl E Peters
- CAREX Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences and Preventive Oncology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control & BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia
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21
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Collatuzzo G, Boffetta P, Dika E, Visci G, Zunarelli C, Mastroeni S, Antonelli G, Fortes C. Occupational exposure to arsenic, mercury and UV radiation and risk of melanoma: a case-control study from Italy. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:443-449. [PMID: 36378322 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01935-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is mainly caused by sunlight radiation, but other environmental risk factors are not well known. We investigated the association between cutaneous melanoma and occupational exposure to arsenic, mercury and UV radiation. METHODS A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in the inpatient wards of IDI-San Carlo Rome, Italy, including 304 incident cases of cutaneous melanoma and 305 frequency-matched controls. Detailed sociodemographic, clinical and host-related factors were collected, and all participants were physically examined using dermoscopy and following standard protocol for recording pigmented lesions. Four experts assessed exposure to arsenic, mercury and UV radiation based on occupational history. A multidimensional variable was created for each risk factor, by combining intensity and probability of exposure. Multivariable logistic regression models were run to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between exposure to these agents and melanoma. RESULTS A total of 5.4% of the cases vs 2.4% of the controls were exposed to arsenic (OR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.10-8.86 for high probability and high exposure to arsenic) after controlling for sex, age, smoking status, number of nevi, phototype and history of sunburns in childhood/adolescence. Occupational exposure to mercury and UV radiation was not associated with the risk of melanoma. CONCLUSIONS Subjects exposed to arsenic at the workplace may be at increased risk of developing cutaneous melanoma in comparison to subjects not exposed to this agent. Further studies should be designed to investigate occupational exposure to arsenic and mercury and melanoma and confirm the findings are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Collatuzzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. .,Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
| | - Emi Dika
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Visci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlotta Zunarelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Mastroeni
- Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata Concezione, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Antonelli
- Dermatology Department, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata Concezione, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Fortes
- Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata Concezione, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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22
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Ayenigbara IO. Risk-Reducing Measures for Cancer Prevention. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:76-86. [PMID: 36966737 PMCID: PMC10040267 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.22.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, or malignancy, continues to be one of the most serious health problems in the world, leading to death and disability. Unlike in previous years, where new cases of cancer were predominant in developed nations, the number of cases of cancer and the resultant deaths are increasing in low- and middle-income countries. This is partially attributable to the current trend of adopting a Western lifestyle, substantial urbanization, and the rise in infections, such as the human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), which together account for over 30% of cancer cases in underdeveloped and developing nations. The deleterious impact of cancer, as cases multiply worldwide, is multi-dimensional. Cancer exerts serious physical, psychological, and monetary burdens, not only on cancer patients but also on their family members, close friends, health care systems, and society at large. Importantly, over half of all cancer types can be prevented globally by mitigating the risk and causative factors as well as prompt adherence to scientifically recommended prevention measures. This review provides various scientifically based and people-centered strategies that every individual could adopt to reduce their risk of developing cancer in the future. It is recommended that, for these cancer prevention strategies to be effective, there should be a strong political will from the governments of individual countries to enact specific laws and implement policies that will significantly reduce sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy eating among the general public. Likewise, HPV and HBV vaccines, as well as cancer screenings, should be made available, affordable, and accessible on a timely basis for those who are eligible to take them. Finally, intensified campaigns and numerous informative and educational programs that promote cancer prevention should be initiated globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Oluwasegun Ayenigbara
- School and Community Health Education Unit, Department of Health Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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23
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Photoprotection in occupational dermatology. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00385-6. [PMID: 36853496 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00385-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer has become a substantial matter of public health and in the workplace, accounting for a significant share of all reported occupational diseases. The most important external factor in the development of skin cancer is exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation. Outdoor workers have already been identified as a high-risk category. The need for interventions to improve the sun protection behavior of outdoor workers has recently been understood. Outdoor workers' risk perceptions and attitudes toward sun protection methods are likely to influence practical sun protection behavior at work, and despite the fact that many workers have expressed interest in improving their sun protection behavior, outdoor workers' unique needs are still neglected. Occupational dermatology is predicted to become more concerned with photoprotection in the decades ahead. Preventive action against the rapidly increasing number skin cancer cases is in great demand around the globe. In terms of preventive measures, the full range of available options should be used as needed to address the current difficulties in a goal-oriented way. This will almost certainly only be achievable if preventative efforts on a collective and individual level are successfully paired with support from policymakers to inspire long-term change.
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24
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Völzer B, El Genedy-Kalyoncu M, Fastner A, Tomova-Simitchieva T, Neumann K, Sill J, Balzer K, Kottner J. Prevalence and associations of xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers, and intertrigo in aged nursing home residents: A representative prevalence study. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 141:104472. [PMID: 36898269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of elderly and care-dependent people is increasing, leading to increased risks of adverse skin conditions. Skin care, including prevention and treatment of vulnerable skin, is an essential part of daily nursing practice in long-term residential settings. For many years, the research focus has been on individual skin problems including xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers, and intertrigo, although people may be affected by several at the same time. OBJECTIVES Aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence and associations of skin conditions relevant to nursing practice in aged nursing home residents. DESIGN Analysis of baseline data of a cluster-RCT in long-term residential settings. SETTING The study was conducted in a representative sample of n = 17 nursing homes in the federal state of Berlin, Germany. PARTICIPANTS Care dependent nursing home residents being 65+ years. METHODS A random sample of all eligible nursing homes was drawn. Demographic and health characteristics were collected and head-to-toe skin examinations conducted by dermatologists. Prevalence estimates and intracluster correlation coefficients were calculated, and group comparisons conducted. RESULTS Three hundred fourteen residents with a mean age of 85.4 (SD 7.1) years were included. The majority was affected by xerosis cutis (95.9%, 95% CI 93.6 to 97.8), followed by intertrigo 35.0% (95% CI 30.0 to 40.1), incontinence-associated dermatitis 21.0% (95% CI 15.6 to 26.3), skin tears 10.5% (95% CI 7.3 to 13.8), and pressure ulcers 8.0% (95% CI 5.1 to 10.8). In total, more than half of the nursing home residents were affected by two or more skin conditions at the same time. Several associations between skin conditions and mobility, care dependency, or cognitive impairment were observed. There were no associations between xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers or intertrigo. CONCLUSIONS The adverse skin and tissue conditions xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers and intertrigo are very common in long-term residential settings, placing a high burden on this population. Although care receivers share similar risk factors and may be affected by several skin conditions at the same time, there are no associations indicating separate aetiological pathways. REGISTRATION This study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (registration number: DRKS00015680; date of registration: January 29th, 2019) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03824886; date of registration: January 31st, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Völzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monira El Genedy-Kalyoncu
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Fastner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tsenka Tomova-Simitchieva
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Neumann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janna Sill
- University of Lübeck, Nursing Research Unit, Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katrin Balzer
- University of Lübeck, Nursing Research Unit, Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Belgium.
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25
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Wittlich M, Westerhausen S, Strehl B, Versteeg H, Stöppelmann W. The GENESIS-UV study on ultraviolet radiation exposure levels in 250 occupations to foster epidemiological and legislative efforts to combat nonmelanoma skin cancer. Br J Dermatol 2023; 188:350-360. [PMID: 36635210 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several hundred million of the 3 billion formally employed people worldwide are at risk from high levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Chronic light damage to the skin can lead to nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), especially when irradiation is too high and is acquired for decades. However, data with uniform metrics, high resolution over time and in-depth occupational profiles are not available. OBJECTIVES To build a worldwide usable matrix of UVR exposure in occupations and to show use cases for the data. METHODS One thousand test persons were recruited to wear electronic data logger dosimeters during their working time for 7 months each. The measurements yielded 3.7 billion data points for around 48 000 days with high-quality data capture covering more than 250 occupations and 650 activities. Scientific evaluation of the data included daily and half-hourly means, geographical transfer calculations to the world, threshold exceedance quotas, transcriptome effects, and occupational disease estimates. RESULTS A compendium for global use is presented. In-depth analyses and the resulting implications for research have been elaborated to directly link exposure data to effects in the human body. Interestingly, the annual irradiances of the different occupations span a wide range of values: from about 650 to 50 standard erythemal doses, with different distributions over the months. Detailed exposure data per occupation were derived, and the risk on an occupational or activity basis assuming different exposure level quotas was quantified. This showed that, for example, in temperate latitudes, all activities with a duration of > 2 h outdoors are associated with increased NMSC risk. CONCLUSIONS We offer our work to enable sound studies on the nature of ultraviolet-induced skin cancer, dose-response relationships, intermittency of skin exposure, and derivation of limit values. Sociological studies on prevention are now possible. Practitioners may use the findings for their daily work with employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Wittlich
- Department 'Accident Prevention: Digitalisation - Technologies'
| | | | - Benjamin Strehl
- Department 'Accident Prevention: Digitalisation - Technologies'
| | - Helmut Versteeg
- Department 'Exposure and Risk Assessment', Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance, Alte Heerstraße 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Wiho Stöppelmann
- Department 'Exposure and Risk Assessment', Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance, Alte Heerstraße 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
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26
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Sales-Fonseca N, Otero UB, Koifman RJ, Santos SDS. Accident and social security benefits granted to cancer patients in Brazil, 2008-2014. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:447-458. [PMID: 36651399 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023282.11532022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to describe the distribution of cancer among the benefits granted by the General Social Security Registry, from 2008 to 2014, in Brazil. Ecological study using data given by the National Social Security Institute. The proportion of accidental (work-related) and social security (general) benefits granted by cancer in Brazil was determined, among the benefits granted for all causes, and a spatial analysis was conducted to assess the geographical distribution of these proportions, with the states Brazilians as a unit of analysis. Cancer was the reason for granting 533,438 benefits (2.9% of the total benefits granted for all causes), with a predominance of females in social security benefits (53.7%) and males in accidental benefits (71.6 %). The highest proportions of social security benefits for cancer occurred in North and Midwest regions. In 19 of the 26 Brazilian states (including all states in the southern region) and in the Federal District, there was no granting of accident benefits for cancer. The analysis of the occurrences of cancer that generated benefit concessions suggests a disproportionality in granting of social security benefits in relation to accident workers, mainly in North, Northeast and South regions of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Sales-Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Ubirani Barros Otero
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer. Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância. Instituto Nacional de Câncer - Conprev/INCA. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | - Rosalina Jorge Koifman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.,Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
| | - Sabrina da Silva Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública e Meio Ambiente, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.,Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480. 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
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27
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Sales-Fonseca N, Otero UB, Koifman RJ, Santos SDS. Accident and social security benefits granted to cancer patients in Brazil, 2008-2014. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023282.11532022en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract This article aims to describe the distribution of cancer among the benefits granted by the General Social Security Registry, from 2008 to 2014, in Brazil. Ecological study using data given by the National Social Security Institute. The proportion of accidental (work-related) and social security (general) benefits granted by cancer in Brazil was determined, among the benefits granted for all causes, and a spatial analysis was conducted to assess the geographical distribution of these proportions, with the states Brazilians as a unit of analysis. Cancer was the reason for granting 533,438 benefits (2.9% of the total benefits granted for all causes), with a predominance of females in social security benefits (53.7%) and males in accidental benefits (71.6 %). The highest proportions of social security benefits for cancer occurred in North and Midwest regions. In 19 of the 26 Brazilian states (including all states in the southern region) and in the Federal District, there was no granting of accident benefits for cancer. The analysis of the occurrences of cancer that generated benefit concessions suggests a disproportionality in granting of social security benefits in relation to accident workers, mainly in North, Northeast and South regions of Brazil.
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28
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Mueller AM, Goessinger EV, Cerminara SE, Kostner L, Amaral M, Huber SM, Passweg LP, Moreno LG, Bodenmann D, Kunz M, Levesque MP, Maul JT, Cheng PF, Navarini AA, Maul LV. Educational level-dependent melanoma awareness in a high-risk population in Switzerland. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1174542. [PMID: 37207151 PMCID: PMC10189064 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1174542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The worldwide incidence of melanoma has been increasing rapidly in recent decades with Switzerland having one of the highest rates in Europe. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the main risk factors for skin cancer. Our objective was to investigate UV protective behavior and melanoma awareness in a high-risk cohort for melanoma. Methods In this prospective monocentric study, we assessed general melanoma awareness and UV protection habits in at-risk patients (≥100 nevi, ≥5 dysplastic nevi, known CDKN2A mutation, and/or positive family history) and melanoma patients using questionnaires. Results Between 01/2021 and 03/ 2022, a total of 269 patients (53.5% at-risk patients, 46.5% melanoma patients) were included. We observed a significant trend toward using a higher sun protection factor (SPF) in melanoma patients compared with at-risk patients (SPF 50+: 48% [n=60] vs. 26% [n=37]; p=0.0016). Those with a college or university degree used a high SPF significantly more often than patients with lower education levels (p=0.0007). However, higher educational levels correlated with increased annual sun exposure (p=0.041). Neither a positive family history for melanoma, nor gender or Fitzpatrick skin type influenced sun protection behavior. An age of ≥ 50 years presented as a significant risk factor for melanoma development with an odd's ratio of 2.32. Study participation resulted in improved sun protection behavior with 51% reporting more frequent sunscreen use after study inclusion. Discussion UV protection remains a critical factor in melanoma prevention. We suggest that melanoma awareness should continue to be raised through public skin cancer prevention campaigns with a particular focus on individuals with low levels of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Miriam Mueller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Victoria Goessinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sara Elisa Cerminara
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Kostner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margarida Amaral
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael Kunz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell Paul Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia-Tatjana Maul
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Phil Fang Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Andreas Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lara Valeska Maul
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Lara Valeska Maul,
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29
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de Troya Martín M, Aguilar S, Aguilera-Arjona J, Rivas-Ruiz F, Rodríguez-Martínez A, de Castro-Maqueda G, Cambil-Martín J, de Gálvez-Aranda V, Blázquez-Sánchez N. Risk assessment of occupational skin cancer among outdoor workers in southern Spain: local pilot study. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:14-20. [PMID: 36424170 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main preventable cause of skin cancer. Outdoor workers, exposed to the sun for many hours throughout their working lives, are at special risk. The aim of this study is to determine occupational photoexposure and photoprotection among outdoor workers employed by a municipality in southern Spain. METHODS Cross-sectional descriptive study focusing on outdoor workers employed by the municipality of Fuengirola (in areas such as construction, gardening, urban cleaning and beach maintenance). The participants were monitored by personal dosimetry, participated in a dermatological check-up and answered a validated questionnaire (CHACES) on their habits, attitudes and knowledge related to sun exposure. RESULTS The median effective erythema dose of exposure to solar UV radiation during the working day (n=20) was 379.4 J/m2, equivalent to 3.8 standard erythema doses, almost 3 times higher than the recommended limits for an 8-hour workday. Skin examination (n=128) revealed the presence of actinic lentigines (79.7%), actinic keratoses (8.6%) and skin cancer (3.9%). The CHACES questionnaire (n=128) revealed a sunburn rate of 50.0%. Photoprotection practices were markedly deficient: only 16.7% of the survey respondents sought protection in the shade, 20.3% avoided exposure during the peak exposure hours and 33.1% applied sunscreen. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to evaluate UV radiation exposure, occupational sun protection practices, sunburn and actinic injuries of different outdoor workers in one of the sunniest regions of Spain and underlines the need for effective interventions to protect outdoor workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sierra Aguilar
- Occupational Risk Prevention Service, Fuengirola City Council, Fuengirola, Spain
| | - José Aguilera-Arjona
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory, Medical Research Centre, Department of Medicine and Dermatology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Guillermo de Castro-Maqueda
- Physical Education Department, Education Science Faculty, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.,Nursing Department, Health Science Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jacobo Cambil-Martín
- Nursing Department, Health Science Faculty, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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30
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Symanzik C, John SM. Sun protection and occupation: Current developments and perspectives for prevention of occupational skin cancer. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1110158. [PMID: 36620257 PMCID: PMC9816330 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial proportion of all reported occupational illnesses are constituted by skin cancer, making this disease a serious public health issue. Solar ultra-violet radiation (UVR) exposure is the most significant external factor in the development of skin cancer, for which the broad occupational category of outdoor workers has already been identified as high-risk group. Sun protection by deploying adequate technical, organizational, and person-related measures has to be understood as a functional aspect of workplace safety. To prevent skin cancers brought on by-typically cumulative-solar UVR exposure, outdoor workers must considerably lower their occupationally acquired solar UVR doses. Estimating cumulative sun exposure in outdoor workers requires consideration of the level of solar UVR exposure, the tasks to be done in the sun, and the employees' solar UVR preventive measures. Recent studies have highlighted the necessity for measures to enhance outdoor workers' sun protection behavior. In the coming decades, occupational dermatology is expected to pay increasing attention to sun protection at work. Also, the field of dermato-oncology will likely be concerned with sky-rocketing incidences of occupational skin cancers. The complete range of available alternatives should be utilized in terms of preventive actions, which seems pivotal to handle the present and future challenges in a purposeful manner. This will almost definitely only be possible if politicians' support is effectively combined with communal and individual preventive actions in order to spur long-term transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Symanzik
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany,Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education (IGB), Faculty of Human Sciences, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany,*Correspondence: Cara Symanzik ✉
| | - Swen Malte John
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany,Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education (IGB), Faculty of Human Sciences, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
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Lin X, Luo J, Liao M, Su Y, Lv M, Li Q, Xiao S, Xiang J. Wearable Sensor-Based Monitoring of Environmental Exposures and the Associated Health Effects: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1131. [PMID: 36551098 PMCID: PMC9775571 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in sensor technology have facilitated the development and use of personalized sensors in monitoring environmental factors and the associated health effects. No studies have reviewed the research advancement in examining population-based health responses to environmental exposure via portable sensors/instruments. This study aims to review studies that use portable sensors to measure environmental factors and health responses while exploring the environmental effects on health. With a thorough literature review using two major English databases (Web of Science and PubMed), 24 eligible studies were included and analyzed out of 16,751 total records. The 24 studies include 5 on physical factors, 19 on chemical factors, and none on biological factors. The results show that particles were the most considered environmental factor among all of the physical, chemical, and biological factors, followed by total volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. Heart rate and heart rate variability were the most considered health indicators among all cardiopulmonary outcomes, followed by respiratory function. The studies mostly had a sample size of fewer than 100 participants and a study period of less than a week due to the challenges in accessing low-cost, small, and light wearable sensors. This review guides future sensor-based environmental health studies on project design and sensor selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiaying Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Minyan Liao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yalan Su
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mo Lv
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shenglan Xiao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianbang Xiang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
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Grifoni D, Betti G, Bogi A, Bramanti L, Chiarugi A, Gozzini B, Morabito M, Picciolo F, Sabatini F, Miligi L. Protective Measures From Solar Ultraviolet Radiation for Beach Lifeguards in Tuscany (Italy): Shade and Clothing Strategies. Saf Health Work 2022; 13:421-428. [PMID: 36579014 PMCID: PMC9772484 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation is a significant risk factor generally underestimated by outdoor workers and employers. Several studies have pointed out that occupational solar exposure increased eye and skin diseases with a considerable impact on the lives and productivity of affected workers.The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness against ultraviolet radiation of some measures recently undertaken for the protection of lifeguards in a coastal area of Tuscany. Methods Different shading structures (gazebos and beach umbrella) were tested during a sunny summer's day on a sandy beach by means of two radiometers; the UV protection offered by some T-shirts used by lifeguards was also tested in the laboratory with a spectrophotometer. Results The analysed shading structures strongly reduced the ultraviolet radiation by up to 90%, however a not always negligible diffuse radiation is also present in the shade, requiring further protective measures (T-shirt, sunglasses, sunscreen, etc.); the tested T-shirts showed a very good-excellent protection according to the Australian/New Zealand standard. Conclusion Results obtained in this study suggest how the adoption and dissemination of good practices, including those tested, could be particularly effective as a primary prevention for lifeguards who are subjected to very high levels of radiation for long periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Grifoni
- CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy,LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy,Corresponding author. Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Giulio Betti
- CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy,LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Andrea Bogi
- Physical Agents Sector, Regional Public Health Laboratory, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Bramanti
- AUSL North West Tuscany, Hygiene and Health at Work Unit, Prevention Department, Versilia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Chiarugi
- Screening and Secondary Prevention Unit, Institut for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Bernardo Gozzini
- CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy,LaMMA Consortium, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Morabito
- CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Sabatini
- CNR-IBE - Institute of Bioeconomy - National Research Council, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lucia Miligi
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Branch - Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
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Chawda D, Shinde P. Effects of Solar Radiation on the Eyes. Cureus 2022; 14:e30857. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Czerwińska A, Krzyścin J. Exposure to solar UV radiation of Polish teenagers after the first COVID-19 lockdown in March-April 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:2021-2032. [PMID: 35913520 PMCID: PMC9340691 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In Poland, schools were closed from March to June 2020 due to the COVID-19 epidemic. During the lockdown (March-April), everyone was advised to stay at home. From May, students were allowed to spend time outdoors. We examine their exposure to solar UV radiation during the period of virtual learning at schools (May-June), vacations (July-August) and the first month of typical learning (September). Primary and high school students aged 12-18 completed a questionnaire on the details of their outdoor activities and the weather at the exposure site. A total of 146 anonymous questionnaires were registered for the study. The survey responses provided input to a radiative transfer model to estimate erythemal and vitamin D doses obtained by teenagers during outdoor activities. The results from 48% of the questionnaires indicated that students' exposure exceeded 1 minimal erythema dose (MED) during the day. Corresponding doses of sun-synthesized vitamin D, in excess of 1000 international units (IU) and 2000 IU, were found in 77% and 66% of the surveys, respectively. Only 12% of the teenagers declared that they use sunscreen. The overexposure (> 1 MED) increased with age. It was found in 72% and 26% of surveys among the students aged 17-18 and 12-14, respectively. Teenagers seem to have tried to compensate for the lack of sunlight during the lockdown by engaging in outdoor activities permitted since May. While those activities could have improved their vitamin D levels, they also put them at a higher risk of developing erythema.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Czerwińska
- Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - J Krzyścin
- Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Baratta F, Pignata I, Vicenzi G, Enri LR, Quaglino P, Comandone A, Ala A, Icardi M, Spadi R, Brusa P. Oncological patient management on the territory: the results of a survey in the north-west of Italy. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2022; 20:2716. [PMID: 36793913 PMCID: PMC9891800 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2022.4.2716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of community pharmacists in the therapeutic process of oncological patients and to assess these patients' state of acceptance of their disease and their relationship with their therapies, we performed a survey in some oncological clinics in Turin (north-west of Italy). Methods The survey was carried out in a three months' period by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered on paper to oncological patients that attended 5 oncological clinics in Turin. The questionnaire was self-administered. Results 266 patients filled out the questionnaire. More than half of patients reported that their cancer diagnosis interfered with normal life very much or extremely and almost 70% of patients reported that they were accepting of what happened and were trying to fight back. 65% of patients answered that it is important or very important that pharmacists are aware of their health status. About 3 out of 4 patients thought that pharmacists giving information on medicines purchased and on how to use them is important or very important and that it is important to receive information concerning health and the effects of medication taken. Conclusion Our study underlines the role of territorial health units in the management of oncological patients. It can be said that the community pharmacy is certainly a channel of election, not only in cancer prevention but also in the management of those patients who have already been diagnosed with cancer. More comprehensive and specific pharmacist training is necessary for the management of this type of patient. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the awareness of this issue in community pharmacists at the local and national levels by creating a network of qualified pharmacies developed in collaboration with oncologists, GPs, dermatologists, psychologists and cosmetics companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Baratta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Irene Pignata
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Gaia Vicenzi
- Psychologist Psychotherapist Cognitive and Behavioral, Pavia, Italy.
| | | | - Pietro Quaglino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | | | - Ada Ala
- Unit of Breast Surgery, Department of General and Specialistic Surgery, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Icardi
- Second Medical Oncology Division, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Rosella Spadi
- Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology, 1, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Paola Brusa
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Pecorelli A, Valacchi G. Oxidative-Stress-Sensitive microRNAs in UV-Promoted Development of Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133224. [PMID: 35804995 PMCID: PMC9265047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for skin cancer. Melanoma is the most life-threatening type of skin cancer. UV-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress represent two main mechanisms that, directly and indirectly, contribute to melanomagenesis. In addition, an interplay of abnormally expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) and redox imbalance is a hallmark in several cancers, including melanoma. UV radiation can be the central hub between these two cellular aberrations, as it is able to stimulate both. Here, to gain new mechanistic insights into melanomagenesis and identify new therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of melanoma, we report current evidence suggesting a complex interaction between UV-promoted deregulation of redox-sensitive miRNAs and known signal-transduction pathways underlying malignant transformation of melanocytes to melanoma. Abstract Melanoma is the most aggressive and life-threatening form of skin cancer. Key molecular events underlying the melanocytic transformation into malignant melanoma mainly involve gene mutations in which exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a prominent role. However, several aspects of UV-induced melanomagenesis remain to be explored. Interestingly, redox-mediated signaling and perturbed microRNA (miRNA) profiles appear to be interconnected contributing factors able to act synergistically in melanoma initiation and progression. Since UV radiation can promote both redox imbalance and miRNA dysregulation, a harmful crosstalk between these two key cellular networks, with UV as central hub among them, is likely to occur in skin tissue. Therefore, decoding the complex circuits that orchestrate the interaction of UV exposure, oxidative stress, and dysregulated miRNA profiling can provide a deep understanding of the molecular basis of the melanomagenesis process. Furthermore, these mechanistic insights into the reciprocal regulation between these systems could have relevant implications for future therapeutic approaches aimed at counteracting UV-induced redox and miRNome imbalances for the prevention and treatment of malignant melanoma. In this review, we illustrate current information on the intricate connection between UV-induced dysregulation of redox-sensitive miRNAs and well-known signaling pathways involved in the malignant transformation of normal melanocytes to malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Science, N.C. Research Campus, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, N.C. Research Campus, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
- Department of Environment and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-704-250-5433
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Liu X, Chen H, Li Z, Duan L, Yang X, Jiang P, Xu L, Gong Y, Han K. Evaluation of Biological Effects and Transcriptome Changes Induced by LED Based Narrow Band UVB Phototherapy. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 98:1379-1389. [PMID: 35538716 DOI: 10.1111/php.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV), particularly UVB, is widely used in the treatment of skin diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, mycosis fungoides, and pruritus. Recently, there has been a trend of replacing broad band UVB (BB-UVB) units with narrow band UVB (NB-UVB), as studies have demonstrated that NB-UVB is more efficacious in the treatment of psoriasis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biological effects and transcriptome changes induced by light emitting diode based NB-UVB (NB-UVB LED) phototherapy. Cell viability and the cell migration ability was significantly decreased post treatment, as well as apoptosis and ROS levels were remarkably increased. NB-UVB induced S phase arrest was observed 12 hours post irradiation. Bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome sequencing data revealed that NB-UVB LED irradiation induced dose-depended changes in multiple key signaling pathways, such as PI3K and cytoskeletal-related pathways. The depolymerization of cytoskeleton induced by NB-UVB was observed 24 hours post treatment. In addition, the expression levels of cytoskeleton related proteins FN1, ITGB4, ITGA1, RAC2 and DOCK1 decreased significantly 12 hours after irradiation. Our results indicated that NB-UVB LED may serve as a novel option for the development of NB-UVB phototherapy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Huaiyuan Chen
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Zeyang Li
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Duan
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xibin Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Ping Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Linyu Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Yan Gong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Kun Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
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Koh D, Park J, Lee S, Kim H, Jung H, Kim I, Choi S, Park D. Assessment of sunlight exposure across industries and occupations using blood vitamin D as a biomarker. J Occup Health 2022; 64:e12318. [PMID: 35152501 PMCID: PMC8841173 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight induces the production of essential vitamin D, whereas overexposure to sunlight leads to skin cancer. Sunlight exposure has been measured using questionnaires, dosimeters, and vitamin D levels. Several studies have measured vitamin D in the working population; however, these studies were limited to certain occupations such as farmers and construction workers. In the present study, we evaluated sunlight exposure using blood vitamin D as an exposure surrogate across industries and occupations. Methods The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a nationwide study representing the Korean population. We analyzed data from KNHANES between 2008 and 2009. We examined the association between vitamin D levels and pertinent personal, seasonal, residential, and occupational factors. Furthermore, we developed a multiple regression model with factors other than occupational factors (industry and occupation) and obtained residual values. We computed the third quartile (Q3) of the residuals and then calculated the fractions exceeding the Q3 level for each combination of industry and occupation. Results Age, sex, body mass index, year, season, latitude, living area, living in an apartment, industry, and occupation were significantly associated with vitamin D levels. Based on the exceeding fraction, the armed forces showed the highest exceeding fraction level of 0.71. Conclusions Our results present the high exposure groups to sunlight across industries and occupations. Our results may provide a source for prioritizing occupational groups with a high risk of adverse health effects from sunlight exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Hee Koh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine International St. Mary’s Hospital Catholic Kwandong University Incheon Korea
| | - Ju‐Hyun Park
- Department of Statistics Dongguk University Seoul Korea
| | - Sang‐Gil Lee
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency Ulsan Korea
| | - Hwan‐Cheol Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Inha University Incheon Korea
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine International St. Mary’s Hospital Catholic Kwandong University Incheon Korea
| | - Inah Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Hanyang University Seoul Korea
| | - Sangjun Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - Donguk Park
- Department of Environmental Health Korea National Open University Seoul Korea
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Kurz B, Berneburg M, Singer S. [Sun protection of human skin: from A to Z]. Hautarzt 2022; 73:251-256. [PMID: 35146544 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-022-04953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Solar radiation contains about 6.8% ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation is still regarded as one of the most important risk factors for both nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC; predominantly basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) and malignant melanoma (MM). To avoid induction and persistence of UV-induced mutations, our skin is armed with an arsenal of endogenous protective mechanisms such as induction of cell cycle arrest, repair mechanisms, immunosurveillance and the initiation of various types of cell death. Exogenous sun protection includes a range of behaviors such as avoiding extensive sun exposure, wearing UV-proof clothing and appropriate application of topical sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kurz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universität Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland.
| | - M Berneburg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universität Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland
| | - S Singer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universität Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Deutschland
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Tomatoes: An Extensive Review of the Associated Health Impacts of Tomatoes and Factors That Can Affect Their Cultivation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020239. [PMID: 35205105 PMCID: PMC8869745 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The research outlined in this review paper discusses potential health benefits associated with a diet enriched with tomatoes and tomato products. This includes details of previous studies investigating the anticancer properties of tomatoes, protection against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes, maintenance of a healthy gut microbiome, and improved skin health, fertility, immune response, and exercise recovery. The specific parts of a tomato fruit that contribute these health benefits are also outlined. The potential disadvantages to a tomato-rich diet are detailed, especially the consumption of supplements that contain compounds found in tomatoes, such as lycopene. This review also discusses how the cultivation of tomato plants can affect the nutritional value of the fruit harvested. Different environmental growing conditions such as light intensity, growing media, and temperature are explained in terms of the impact they have on the quality of fruit, its nutrient content, and hence the potential health benefits acquired from eating the fruit. Abstract This review outlines the health benefits associated with the regular consumption of tomatoes and tomato products. The first section provides a detailed account of the horticultural techniques that can impact the quality of the fruit and its nutritional properties, including water availability, light intensity, temperature, and growing media. The next section provides information on the components of tomato that are likely to contribute to its health effects. The review then details some of the health benefits associated with tomato consumption, including anticancer properties, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and skin health. This review also discusses the impact tomatoes can have on the gut microbiome and associated health benefits, including reducing the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases. Other health benefits of eating tomatoes are also discussed in relation to effects on diabetes, the immune response, exercise recovery, and fertility. Finally, this review also addresses the negative effects that can occur as a result of overconsumption of tomato products and lycopene supplements.
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Boothby-Shoemaker WT, Mohammad TF, Ozog DM, Lim HW. Photoprotection by clothing: A review. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2022; 38:478-488. [PMID: 35073443 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clothing is recognized by leading health agencies as a primary method to protect against the harmful effects of photodamage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation and visible light. The photoprotective capacity of clothing is commonly measured as the ultraviolet protective factor (UPF). While the technology driving photoprotective clothing has been well-established, there continues to be efforts to discover new materials to improve the UPF of clothing. Here, we show increased Google searches for photoprotective clothing over the last decade, suggesting a high level of public interest in photoprotective clothing. In addition, we investigate the frequency of UPF-graded photoprotective clothing sold by large retail stores featured in Fortune 1000. We review factors that alter the UPF of clothing and describe emerging textile technologies used to increase clothing's photoprotective capacity. Finally, we compare how photoprotective clothing is regulated among different countries, the importance of photoprotective clothing in occupational health, and research in visible light and clothing photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyatt T Boothby-Shoemaker
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Tasneem F Mohammad
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - David M Ozog
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Henry W Lim
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Zha X, Li Y, Wang J, Xiao W, Liu J. Risk factors for actinic keratoses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Dermatol 2022; 67:92. [PMID: 35656236 PMCID: PMC9154173 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_859_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To integrate evidence and assess the risk factors associated with actinic keratosis (AK). Methods Unrestricted searches were conducted on five electronic databases, with an end-date parameter of September 2021. We summarized the study characteristics and pooled the results from individual studies by using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was estimated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, and the quality of evidence was estimated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results Sixteen studies were included in final analysis, and we assessed the AK risk among a variety of risk factors. Overall, the male sex (odds ratio (OR): 2.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.94-3.25; P < 0.01), age >45 years (OR = 7.65, 95% CI: 2.95-19.86; P < 0.01), light Fitzpatrick skin phototype (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.74-3.10; P < 0.01), light hair color (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.40-3.36; P < 0.01), light eye color (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03-2.70; P = 0.04), freckles on face/arms (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.37-2.58; P < 0.01), suffered positive history of other types of non-melanoma skin cancer (OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 2.71-7.33; P < 0.01), sunburns in childhood (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.47-3.70; P < 0.01) and adulthood (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12-2.00; P < 0.01), severe sunburn (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.62-2.31; P < 0.01), and chronic occupational and/or recreational sun exposure (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.16-4.81; P < 0.01) increased the risk of AK. Moreover, sunscreen use (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.77; P < 0.01) and history of atopy reduced the risk of AK. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. The included studies showed a high risk of bias. Conclusion We confirm several well-known AK risk factors and their quantitative data, and summarized the uncommon risk factors and protective factors. Our results may inform on the design and implementation of AK screening and educational programs.
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Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Statistical Associations between Clinical Parameters. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2022; 48:110-115. [PMID: 35911940 PMCID: PMC9289586 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.48.01.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) represent an important health problem in medical practice. This is the most frequent type of cancer and its incidence is constantly increasing. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma constitute the majority of NMSC, respectively 70% and 25% of total cases. The present retrospective study was conducted over a one-year period and included 439 cases of NMSC, of which 336 BCC and 103 SCC. We analyzed a series of clinical parameters: gender, age, tumor size and tumor topography. The statistical analysis of the investigated parameters indicated gender-age associations for BCC, and topography-gender, as well as topography-age for SCC.
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Nascimento MID, Moraes JRFCD, Silva ERC, Mota MGGD, Guimarães RM. Tendências na Mortalidade por Câncer de Pele não Melanoma no Brasil e suas Macrorregiões. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CANCEROLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.2022v68n1.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introdução: O câncer de pele não melanoma (CPNM) e o mais comum entre todas as malignidades. Objetivo: Descrever as tendências da mortalidade por CPNM no Brasil e nas suas Macrorregiões, de 2001 a 2018. Método: As taxas de mortalidade ajustadas por idade e estratificadas por sexo foram apresentadas por 100 mil pessoas-ano. Uma análise autorregressiva foi implementada para avaliar tendências, Mudança Percentual Anual (MPA) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%). Resultados: Houve 27.550 óbitos por CPNM no Brasil com maior frequência em homens (58,1%) e entre pessoas de 70 anos e mais (64,3%). As taxas globais foram de 2,25 (homens) e 1,22 (mulheres) por 100 mil pessoas-ano. As tendências seguiram em elevação no Brasil, em homens (MPA: 2,91%; IC95%: 1,96%; 3,86%) e em mulheres (MPA: 3,51%; IC95%: 2,68%; 4,34%). O mesmo ocorreu na Região Norte, em homens (MPA: 9,75%; IC95%: 7,68%; 11,86%) e em mulheres (MPA: 10,38%; IC95%: 5,77%; 15,21%), bem como na Região Nordeste, em homens (MPA: 9,98%; IC95%: 5,59%; 14,57%) e em mulheres (MPA: 8,34%; IC95%: 3,29%; 13,64%). Conclusão: Os óbitos por CPNM não são raridade no Brasil. O país e as Regiões Norte e Nordeste experimentaram taxas com tendência em elevação. Norte e Nordeste são as Regiões mais próximas da Linha do Equador e as menos desenvolvidas socioeconomicamente. Nessas Macrorregiões, um sinergismo entre diferentes tipos de desigualdades e exposições ambientais pode estar promovendo um aumento dos óbitos por esse tipo de câncer considerado totalmente evitável.
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Modenese A, Loney T, Rocholl M, Symanzik C, Gobba F, John SM, Straif K, Silva Paulo M. Protocol for a Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Exposure to Occupational Solar UltraViolet Radiation (UVR) Among Outdoor Workers. Front Public Health 2021; 9:756566. [PMID: 34858932 PMCID: PMC8632259 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.756566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Solar UltraViolet Radiation (UVR) is considered the most relevant occupational carcinogenic exposure in terms of the number of workers exposed (i.e., outdoor workers) and UVR-induced skin cancers are among the most frequent types of occupational cancers worldwide. This review aims to collect and evaluate all the available preventive interventions conducted on outdoor workers to reduce their solar UVR related risk, with the final purpose of reducing the burden of occupational skin cancers for outdoor workers. Methods: We will search the following databases for peer-reviewed original research published: MEDLINE (through PubMed), Scopus, and EMBASE. We will include only interventional studies, both randomized and non-randomized, with an adequate comparison group, therefore excluding cross-sectional studies, as well as case-reports/series, reviews, and letters/comments. The systematic review will adhere to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting systematic reviews. After the literature search, studies to be included will be independently reviewed by two Authors, first based on title and abstract, then based on the full text, according to the inclusion criteria. Conflicts will be solved by a third Author. Two authors will independently extract the required data from included studies and perform quality assessment according to the relevant domain for Risk of Bias assessment proposed by the Cochrane collaboration group. In case of sufficient homogeneity of interventions and outcomes evaluated, results from subgroups of studies will be pooled together in a meta-analysis. Discussion: Following the principles for the evaluation of interventions for cancer prevention established by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, this systematic review will investigate the effectiveness of the interventions, and consequently it will provide reliable indications for the actual reduction of skin cancer incidence in outdoor workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Modenese
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tom Loney
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marc Rocholl
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Cara Symanzik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Fabriziomaria Gobba
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Swen Malte John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Institute for Health Research and Education, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm), University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Kurt Straif
- Instituto Salud Global (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Marilia Silva Paulo
- Institute of Public Health - College of Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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O'Mahoney P. Personal ultraviolet radiation exposure can be determined through a simple modelling approach. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:207-208. [PMID: 34817861 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P O'Mahoney
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.,Photobiology Unit, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK
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Chalada M, Ramlogan-Steel CA, Dhungel BP, Goh AY, Gardiner S, Layton CJ, Steel JC. Differences in Uveal Melanoma Age-Standardized Incidence Rates in Two Eastern States of Australia Are Driven by Differences in Rurality and Ultraviolet Radiation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5894. [PMID: 34885004 PMCID: PMC8657208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the second-most-common melanoma in humans and has a high age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) in Australia. Regional patterns of UM ASRs in Australia are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine and compare UM ASRs in two geographically disparate eastern states, Queensland (QLD) and Victoria (VIC), by using cancer registry data that was obtained from 2001 to 2013. World-standardized UM ASRs and incidence-rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated. Higher UM ASR was also observed in anterior UM compared to posterior UM ASR. UM ASR remained unchanged from 2001 to 2013 in QLD but decreased in VIC. A south-to-north latitude trend in UM ASR along the east of Australia is weakly evident, and rural populations have higher UM ASRs than major city populations in both states. Differences in ultraviolent radiation (UVR) susceptibility, indigenous populations, social behaviours, chemical exposure, and socioeconomic status could all be contributing to differences in UM rates between QLD and VIC and between rural compared to major city areas. It is possible that a minority of cases in QLD and VIC might be prevented by sun-protective behaviours. This is important, because these findings suggest that QLD, which is already known to have one of the highest cutaneous melanoma (CM) ASRs in the world, also has one of the highest UM ASRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chalada
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (M.C.); (C.A.R.-S.)
| | - Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (M.C.); (C.A.R.-S.)
| | - Bijay P. Dhungel
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Amanda Y. Goh
- Faculty of Medicine, Greenslopes Clinical School, The University of Queensland, Greenslopes, QLD 4120, Australia;
| | - Samuel Gardiner
- Clinical Research Centre, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
| | - Christopher J. Layton
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (M.C.); (C.A.R.-S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Greenslopes Clinical School, The University of Queensland, Greenslopes, QLD 4120, Australia;
- LVF Ophthalmology Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Jason C. Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (M.C.); (C.A.R.-S.)
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Yang Y, Chen SL, Xu Y, Yao Y, Liang JJ, Wang L, Jhanji V, Sun X, Ma D, Ng TK. Green Tea Catechins Attenuate Human Primary Pterygium Cell Survival and Migration Via Modulation of ERK p42/p44 and p38 Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12209-12218. [PMID: 34610737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pterygium belongs to an ocular surface disease with triangular-shaped hyperplastic growth, characterized by conjunctivalization, inflammation, and connective tissue remodeling. We previously demonstrated neoplastic-like properties of pterygium cells. Green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), has been shown to possess antitumorigenic properties; herein, we aimed to determine the effects of green tea catechins on human primary pterygium cell survival and migration and compared to that on patients' conjunctival cells. Both human primary pterygium and conjunctival cells expressed EGCG receptor, the 67 kDa laminin receptor. Seven-day treatment of green tea extract (Theaphenon E; 16.25 μg/mL) and EGCG (25 μM) attenuated pterygium cell proliferation by 16.78% (p < 0.001) and 24.09% (p < 0.001) respectively, without significantly influencing conjunctival cells. Moreover, green tea extract (16.25 μg/mL) and EGCG (25 μM) treatments also hindered pterygium cell migration by 35.22% (p < 0.001) and 25.20% (p = 0.019), respectively, but not conjunctival cells. Yet, green tea extract and EGCG treatments did not significantly induce pterygium cell apoptosis. Furthermore, green tea extract and EGCG treatments significantly increased the phosphorylation of p38 protein but reduced the phosphorylation of p42/p44 protein in pterygium cells. In summary, this study revealed that green tea extract and EGCG attenuated human primary pterygium cell survival and migration in vitro without damaging conjunctival cells, suggesting a novel potential therapeutic approach for primary pterygium treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shao-Lang Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, North Dongxia Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanxuan Xu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, North Dongxia Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, North Dongxia Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Jian Liang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, North Dongxia Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Vishal Jhanji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, UPMC Eye Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Di Ma
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, North Dongxia Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Tsz Kin Ng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, North Dongxia Road, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Lin L, Shen L, Zhang J, Xu Y, Fang Z, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhong Q. Ionic Hydrogels Based Wearable Sensors to Monitor the Solar Radiation Dose for Vitamin D Production and Sunburn Prevention. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45995-46002. [PMID: 34524812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wearable solar radiation sensors based on ionic hydrogels are facilely prepared to simultaneously monitor the radiation dose for the production of vitamin D and the prevention of sunburn. Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) is neutralized with acrylic acid (AA) to obtain tetramethylethylenediamine acrylate (TEMEDA), which is further polymerized with acrylamide by a free radical reaction. By simply adding MB or NR during the polymerization, the final obtained ionic hydrogels can indicate solar radiation. Due to the extent of discoloration, the discoloration speed of MB and NR is correlated to the radiation dose. This wearable sensor can indicate the solar radiation dose required by the human body to synthesize vitamin D through the discoloration of the ionized hydrogel of MB, whereas those with NR are able to illustrate the threshold of radiation dose that causes potential skin hurt. Therefore, the benefit and drawback of solar radiation can be well balanced by optimizing the exposure time to solar irradiation. In addition, polyurethane cross-linked with a thermoresponsive coating is used as band for this wearable sensor. Due to the hydrophilicity below its transition temperature, the cross-linked band possesses the easy cleaning capability of stains after the daily wear. Such type of wearable sensor can be broadly used for monitoring the solar radiation, especially in outdoor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangen Shen
- Zhejiang Hexin Holdings Co. Ltd., 1568 Dongfang Road, 314003 Jiaxing, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Hexin Kuraray Micro Fiber Leather (Jiaxing) Co. Ltd., 777 Pingnan Road, 314003 Jiaxing, China
| | - Yiyan Xu
- Zhejiang Hexin New Material Co. Ltd., 1568 Dongfang Road, 314003 Jiaxing, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Radiological Risk Assessment of Vehicle Transport Accidents Associated with Consumer Products Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural and artificial ionizing radiation can be harmful to human health when they come into contact with people and the environment. Transport of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) and consumer products containing NORM in the public domain is inevitable owing to their potential applications. This study evaluates the dose and risk to the public from transport accidents of NORM and consumer products. Radiological and physical data were obtained from previous literature. The median and maximum values of radioactivity concentration were applied to consumer products and NORM data, which serve as an input. An external dose rate at 1 m from a transported shipment was calculated using Microshield® Pro version 12.11 code, which serves as input to RADTRAN 6 code. Based on developed transport accident scenarios, a RADTRAN 6 code was used to estimate collective dose and risk. The sensitivity analysis was conducted by considering the variation of release, aerosol, and respirable fractions of radionuclides at 0.1%, 1%, 10%, and 100% from the transported shipment during an accident, respectively. The results of dose and risk to the general public because of the damage of the shipment container following a fire accident are below the annual regulatory limits of 1 man-Sv recommended by IAEA transport regulation of 2018. The sensitivity results of all NORMs and associated consumer products are also below the regulatory limits. Therefore, radiological safety can be ensured in the event of a transport accident involving the transit of NORM and consumer products containing NORM.
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