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Grendas LN, Carrera Silva EA, Álvarez Casiani RI, Olaviaga A, Robetto J, Arena ÁR, Tifner V, Chiapella LC, Fisichella M, Penna MB, Hunter F, Prokopez CR, Errasti AE, Daray FM. Immunological alterations in patients with current and lifetime suicide ideation and attempts: Examining the relationship with depressive symptoms. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100777. [PMID: 38706576 PMCID: PMC11067476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Suicidal ideation and attempt (SI/SA) have been associated with dysregulation of the immune response and inflammation. However, few studies have explored how innate and acquired cellular immunity impact on the peripheral immune response. Our study addresses this gap by examining the composition of peripheral immune cells and humoral markers among individuals with current SI/SA, individuals with a history of SI/SA, and healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we aim to explore whether depressive symptoms settle the relationship between inflammation and SI/SA. Methods This is a multicenter case-control study that included 105 participants. Clinical and demographic characterists together with hemogram parameters, soluble pro and anti-inflamatory factors, and specific innate and adaptive immune cell populations were compared among patients with current SI/SA (n = 21), a history of lifetime SI/SA (n = 42), and HC (n = 42). Results Patients with both current and lifetime SI/SA had a significant increase in the absolute count of monocytes and in the monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR). Additionally, patients with current and lifetime SI/SA showed a significant increase in high-sensitivity C- reactive protein (hs-CRP), and patients with lifetime SI/SA also showed higher levels of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). The cellular inflammatory status of patients with SI/SA was characterized by altered proportions of monocytes with higher levels of nonclassical and intermediate monocytes. No differences were observed in the number of lymphocytes and the proportion of CD4 and CD8 between patients and HC, but we found differences in markers of exhaustion of CD4 lymphocytes, with increased levels of Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) in Current SI/SA and Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) in Current SI/SA and Lifetime SI/SA compared to HC. The plasmainflammatory status was marked by higher levels of soluble Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) in patients with lifetime SI/SA compared to HC. Finally, the multinomial analysis indicates that inflammation and depressive symptoms are independently associated with SI/SA. Conclusion This study highlights the association of immunological alterations with SI/SA. Furthremore, SI/SA is independently influenced by depressive symptoms and inflammation. This may have important therapeutic implications, as in these patients, it may be necessary to treat the inflammatory process beyond treating the depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Nicolás Grendas
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eugenio Antonio Carrera Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Isabel Álvarez Casiani
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Olaviaga
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Cosme Argerich”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Josefina Robetto
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángeles Romina Arena
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Vera Tifner
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Carla Chiapella
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Marcelo Fisichella
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melina Bianca Penna
- Hospital General de Agudos “Dr. Teodoro Álvarez”, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Hunter
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia Romina Prokopez
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Emilse Errasti
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Federico Manuel Daray
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Öner S, Bilgin E, Çağlar EŞ. The impact of COVID-19 trauma on healthcare workers: Examining the relationship between stress and growth through the lens of memory. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3325. [PMID: 37837563 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic constituted tremendous traumatic stress among the frontline healthcare workers. In the present study, we investigated relationships of two types of rumination, namely brooding and reflection, with traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth and the mediating role of recollective experience in these relationships. A total of 88 healthcare workers (75% female, Mage = 54.91) actively providing service to COVID-19 patients reported two memories of events that impacted them the most at the first peak of the pandemic and rated their recollective experience (i.e., phenomenological characteristics of memories). We used structural equation modelling to test whether recollective experience mediated the link of brooding and reflection with post-trauma reactions of stress and growth. The findings showed that brooding and reflection were associated with higher levels of traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth. Importantly, recollective experience mediated the relationship of rumination with traumatic stress but this differed for the type of rumination. Higher brooding was associated with greater traumatic stress and that relationship was independent of how well the memories were recollected, while for reflection, high reflection was associated with stronger recollective experience, which predicted higher traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth. The present study shows the functional dimensions of reflective rumination and presents novel findings that demonstrates the discrete mnemonic mechanisms underlying the association between brooding, reflection, and post-trauma reactions.
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Liu F, Yang Y, Fan XW, Zhang N, Wang S, Shi YJ, Hu WJ, Wang CX. Impacts of inflammatory cytokines on depression: a cohort study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:195. [PMID: 38459460 PMCID: PMC10924400 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05639-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory factors are associated with depression. We seek to investigate the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and prognosis of depression or suicidal ideation and behavior at 3 months in depression patients. METHODS Eighty-two depressed outpatients were recruited and treated as usual. Plasma cytokines were measured at baseline. Patients were followed up with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and suicidal ideation and behavior according to the item 3 of Hamilton depression scale for 3 months. RESULTS Compared to the depression patients with low level of interleukin-1β, the high one had severe depressive symptoms at month 2 and 3 (B 0.92, P < 0.01; B 0.86, P = 0.02; respectively). The incidence of suicidal ideation or behavior was 18.3% at 3 months. Depression patients with high levels of tumor necrosis factor-α showed high risk of suicidal ideation and behavior than the low one (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.00-4.65, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS High levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were predictive of middle-term severe depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation and behavior respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of neurology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Fan
- Department of neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yi-Jun Shi
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis Laboratory, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jiang Hu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Chun-Xue Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Bahali K, Durcan G, Topal M, Önal BS, Bilgiç A, Tanıdır C, Aytemiz T, Yazgan Y. Parental attachment and childhood trauma in adolescents engaged in non-suicidal self-injury. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:173-180. [PMID: 37438893 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM In this study, it was aimed to compare parental attachment and childhood traumas in adolescents with NSSI with healthy peers. METHODS Fifty adolescents aged 14-18 years with lifetime NSSI and 56 healthy peers were included in the study. Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS), The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) scales were used. RESULTS Eighty-two percentage of the NSSI group and 70% of the control group were girls. The mean age was 15.6 ± 1.1 years in the NSSI group and 15.3 ± 0.9 years in the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age and gender. The NSSI group had more negative scores than the control group in terms of childhood traumas and attachment characteristics to both mother and father. The analyses showed that mother PBI care/control and sexual abuse score had a relationship with both ISAS Autonomic Functions and ISAS Social Functions scores. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that secure attachment with the mother may be protective for both the autonomic and social functions of the NSSI. Therefore, interventions for dysfunctional parental attachment may prevent the development of NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayhan Bahali
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Durcan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Cerrahpasa, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melike Topal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Basaksehir Cam ve Sakura Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bedia Sultan Önal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Bilgiç
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Canan Tanıdır
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Aytemiz
- Child and Adolescent Psychology Laboratory, University of Health Sciences, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yankı Yazgan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Güzel Günler Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Huang Y, Huang Y, Lin M, Tao Y. Seeking central hopelessness symptoms which direct link to resilience among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in China-A network perspective. Psych J 2024; 13:102-112. [PMID: 37942982 PMCID: PMC10917102 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The intervention process for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is inextricably associated with their parents' mental health problems, such as hopelessness, which may adversely affect resilience and indirectly impact the effectiveness of interventions for their children. Hence, the motivation to help parents of children with ASD reduce hopelessness prompted us to conduct the present study and explore the interrelationship between hopelessness symptoms and resilience. This study evaluated hopelessness and resilience using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Participants met the criteria for their children's ASD diagnosis by a psychiatrist (N = 448; 54.69% mothers; Meanage = 34.59 years, SDage = 4.94 years). Moreover, we used symptom network analysis to examine the variability in network structure between fathers and mothers. The flow function was applied to examine which hopelessness symptoms were directly or indirectly associated with resilience. The results showed that #BHS11 (i.e., unpleasantness-ahead) was the central symptom found in the network structure for all parents and fathers, while #BHS17 (i.e., no-future-satisfaction) was the central symptom in the network structure for mothers. Additionally, #BHS6 ([NOT] expect-to-succeed) was directly and positively associated with resilience in all three network structures (i.e., all parents, fathers, and mothers). The results of the present study provide evidence that influential symptoms should be addressed and offer guidance for further interventions to reduce hopelessness and enhance resilience among parents of children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Huang
- Shenzhen Jiayun Psychological InstituteShenzhenChina
- Department of NeuroscienceCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Yalin Huang
- Shenzhen Jiayun Psychological InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of BiosciencesThe University of NottinghamLeicestershireUK
| | - Miaoxuan Lin
- Shenzhen Jiayun Psychological InstituteShenzhenChina
- School of Psychological and Cognitive SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of PsychologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental PsychologyNational Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology EducationBeijingChina
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Tio ES, Misztal MC, Felsky D. Evidence for the biopsychosocial model of suicide: a review of whole person modeling studies using machine learning. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1294666. [PMID: 38274429 PMCID: PMC10808719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1294666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional approaches to modeling suicide-related thoughts and behaviors focus on few data types from often-siloed disciplines. While psychosocial aspects of risk for these phenotypes are frequently studied, there is a lack of research assessing their impact in the context of biological factors, which are important in determining an individual's fulsome risk profile. To directly test this biopsychosocial model of suicide and identify the relative importance of predictive measures when considered together, a transdisciplinary, multivariate approach is needed. Here, we systematically review the emerging literature on large-scale studies using machine learning to integrate measures of psychological, social, and biological factors simultaneously in the study of suicide. Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies that used machine learning to model suicide-related outcomes in human populations including at least one predictor from each of biological, psychological, and sociological data domains. Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for reports published between August 2013 and August 30, 2023. We evaluated populations studied, features emerging most consistently as risk or resilience factors, methods used, and strength of evidence for or against the biopsychosocial model of suicide. Results Out of 518 full-text articles screened, we identified a total of 20 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, including eight studies conducted in general population samples and 12 in clinical populations. Common important features identified included depressive and anxious symptoms, comorbid psychiatric disorders, social behaviors, lifestyle factors such as exercise, alcohol intake, smoking exposure, and marital and vocational status, and biological factors such as hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity markers, sleep-related measures, and selected genetic markers. A minority of studies conducted iterative modeling testing each data type for contribution to model performance, instead of reporting basic measures of relative feature importance. Conclusion Studies combining biopsychosocial measures to predict suicide-related phenotypes are beginning to proliferate. This literature provides some early empirical evidence for the biopsychosocial model of suicide, though it is marred by harmonization challenges. For future studies, more specific definitions of suicide-related outcomes, inclusion of a greater breadth of biological data, and more diversity in study populations will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earvin S. Tio
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa C. Misztal
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Kristof Z, Gal Z, Torok D, Eszlari N, Sutori S, Sperlagh B, Anderson IM, Deakin B, Bagdy G, Juhasz G, Gonda X. Embers of the Past: Early Childhood Traumas Interact with Variation in P2RX7 Gene Implicated in Neuroinflammation on Markers of Current Suicide Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:865. [PMID: 38255938 PMCID: PMC10815854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Both early childhood traumatic experiences and current stress increase the risk of suicidal behaviour, in which immune activation might play a role. Previous research suggests an association between mood disorders and P2RX7 gene encoding P2X7 receptors, which stimulate neuroinflammation. We investigated the effect of P2RX7 variation in interaction with early childhood adversities and traumas and recent stressors on lifetime suicide attempts and current suicide risk markers. Overall, 1644 participants completed questionnaires assessing childhood adversities, recent negative life events, and provided information about previous suicide attempts and current suicide risk-related markers, including thoughts of ending their life, death, and hopelessness. Subjects were genotyped for 681 SNPs in the P2RX7 gene, 335 of which passed quality control and were entered into logistic and linear regression models, followed by a clumping procedure to identify clumps of SNPs with a significant main and interaction effect. We identified two significant clumps with a main effect on current suicidal ideation with top SNPs rs641940 and rs1653613. In interaction with childhood trauma, we identified a clump with top SNP psy_rs11615992 and another clump on hopelessness containing rs78473339 as index SNP. Our results suggest that P2RX7 variation may mediate the effect of early childhood adversities and traumas on later emergence of suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuliet Kristof
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa utca 6, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Szigony utca 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zsofia Gal
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.G.); (D.T.); (N.E.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
| | - Dora Torok
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.G.); (D.T.); (N.E.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
| | - Nora Eszlari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.G.); (D.T.); (N.E.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- NAP3.0 Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sara Sutori
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Granits väg 4, 17165 Solna, Sweden;
| | - Beata Sperlagh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine, Szigony utca 43, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ian M. Anderson
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK; (I.M.A.); (B.D.)
| | - Bill Deakin
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological, Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK; (I.M.A.); (B.D.)
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.G.); (D.T.); (N.E.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- NAP3.0 Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.G.); (D.T.); (N.E.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- NAP3.0 Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa utca 6, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
- NAP3.0 Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
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Magnani L, Aguglia A, Alexander J, Maiorano A, Richard-Lepouriel H, Iancau SP, Amerio A, Parise A, Serafini G, Amore M, Nguyen KD, Costanza A. Evening Chronotype and Suicide: Exploring Neuroinflammation and Psychopathological Dimensions as Possible Bridging Factors-A Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2023; 14:30. [PMID: 38248245 PMCID: PMC10813318 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A chronotype is generally defined as the variability of the phase angle of entrainment, while the latter reflects the relationship between the timing of a certain rhythm (e.g., the sleep-wake cycle) and the timing of an external temporal cue. Individuals can be placed on a spectrum from "morning types" (M types) to "evening types" (E types). E-chronotype has been proposed as a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychiatric conditions, and it has been associated with psychopathological dimensions. Eveningness seems to be correlated with both suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior (SB) through several possible mediating factors. Immunological alterations have also been linked to later chronotypes and SI/SB. This narrative review aims to summarize the evidence supporting the possible association between chronotypes and suicide and the eventual mediating role of neuroinflammation and several psychopathological dimensions. A search of the literature (2003-2023) was conducted using various databases: PUBMED, EMBASE, Scopus, UpToDate, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. English-language articles were collected and screened for eligibility. Despite the apparent absence of a direct correlation between E-chronotype and suicidality, E-chronotype promotes a chain of effects that could be involved in an increased risk of SB, in which with neuroinflammation possibly plays an intriguing role and some psychopathological dimensions may stand out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Magnani
- Department of Psychiatry, San Maurizio Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jacques Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Maiorano
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Hélène Richard-Lepouriel
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorder Unit, Psychiatric Specialties Service, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Sidonia Paula Iancau
- Residence School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Parise
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Khoa D. Nguyen
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China;
- Tranquis Therapeutics, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Italian Switzerland (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University (UNIGE), 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Šalamon Arčan I, Katrašnik M, Kouter K, Zupanc T, Videtič Paska A. Extracellular vesicles from cerebrospinal fluid revealed changes in miR-19a-3p and miR-4516 expression in Slovene male suicides. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 22:e12868. [PMID: 37794714 PMCID: PMC10733571 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is an important public-health concern, with more than 700,000 people dying by suicide yearly. It is a multifactorial phenomenon, shaped by the effects of sociodemographic, environmental and biological factors. The latter two factors can be linked through epigenetic studies, which examine differences in gene expression that are not due to changes in the DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic mechanisms include micro RNAs (miRNAs), which have a direct effect on already translated mRNA, leading to either decay or translational repression of the target mRNA. MiRNA molecules have been identified as cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) used by cells for long-distance communication, and pathophysiological changes in miRNA in brain cells may be reflected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) vesicles. In this study we investigated the presence and differential expression of selected miRNAs in EVs from the CSF of male suicide completers and controls. Western blot and nanoparticle tracking analyses confirmed the presence of small and medium sized EVs. Of the miRNA analyzed (miR-16-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-34c-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-4286, miR-26b-5p, miR-381-3p, and miR-4516) miR-19a-3p and miR-4516 reached statistical significance with p-values of 0.0408 and 0.0168, respectively. Mir-4516 and miRNA-19a-3p have been previously studied in suicide, and target SLC6A4 and TNF-α expression, correspondingly. Approximately 70% of known miRNAs are expressed in the central nervous system, and therefore represent an important biomarker potential. Investigating the cargo of CFS and blood EVs would further support the identification of miRNAs with clinical use potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Šalamon Arčan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Mojca Katrašnik
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Katarina Kouter
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
- Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine, University of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Tomaž Zupanc
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Alja Videtič Paska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
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10
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Navarro D, Marín-Mayor M, Gasparyan A, García-Gutiérrez MS, Rubio G, Manzanares J. Molecular Changes Associated with Suicide. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16726. [PMID: 38069051 PMCID: PMC10706600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Suicide is a serious global public health problem, with a worrying recent increase in suicide rates in both adolescent and adult populations. However, it is essential to recognize that suicide is preventable. A myriad of factors contributes to an individual's vulnerability to suicide. These factors include various potential causes, from psychiatric disorders to genetic and epigenetic alterations. These changes can induce dysfunctions in crucial systems such as the serotonergic, cannabinoid, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes. In addition, early life experiences of abuse can profoundly impact an individual's ability to cope with stress, ultimately leading to changes in the inflammatory system, which is a significant risk factor for suicidal behavior. Thus, it is clear that suicidal behavior may result from a confluence of multiple factors. This review examines the primary risk factors associated with suicidal behavior, including psychiatric disorders, early life adversities, and epigenetic modifications. Our goal is to elucidate the molecular changes at the genetic, epigenetic, and molecular levels in the brains of individuals who have taken their own lives and in the plasma and peripheral mononuclear cells of suicide attempters and how these changes may serve as predisposing factors for suicidal tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Navarro
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (D.N.); (A.G.); (M.S.G.-G.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Marta Marín-Mayor
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ani Gasparyan
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (D.N.); (A.G.); (M.S.G.-G.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - María Salud García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (D.N.); (A.G.); (M.S.G.-G.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Gabriel Rubio
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (D.N.); (A.G.); (M.S.G.-G.)
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
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11
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Huang M, Hou J. Childhood maltreatment and suicide risk: The mediating role of self-compassion, mentalization, depression. J Affect Disord 2023; 341:52-61. [PMID: 37633526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a well-established risk factor for depression and increased suicide risk. This study aimed to investigate the distinctive mechanisms of individual types of CM on young adult suicide risk, by exploring the potential mediating role of mentalization, self-compassion, and depression. METHODS A total of 4873 adults completed a survey screening for experiences of CM, self-compassion, mentalization, depression, and suicide risk. RESULTS The path analysis revealed significant direct effects of mentalization, self-compassion, and depression on suicide risk. Moreover, mentalization, self-compassion, and depression mediated the relationship between emotional abuse/neglect and suicide risk, whereas physical neglect contributed to suicide risk only through mentalization and depression. Furthermore, sexual abuse had a significant direct effect on suicide risk, whereas physical abuse did not show any direct or indirect effects. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of the study limits its ability to establish causality, and the risk of recall bias in reporting physical or sexual abuse cannot be ignored. CONCLUSIONS This study represents the first identification of disturbances in self-compassion, mentalization, and depression that mediate the relationship between various types of CM and suicide risk in young adults. Our findings suggest substantive differences in the impact of emotional CM compared to other forms of CM. Enhancing self-compassion and mentalization abilities could be valuable intervention strategies for individuals with a history of emotional CM. Addressing factors that hinder the recall of relevant subjective experiences of physical and sexual abuse is also critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxia Huang
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jinbo Hou
- Student Mental Health Education Center, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
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12
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Li D, Gao Y, Li S, Zhou C, Wang Y, Li M, Guobule N, Mao H, Zhang X, Li J. Perceived stress and severity of depression mediate the association between alexithymia and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21986. [PMID: 38027633 PMCID: PMC10665753 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alexithymia and perceived stress have been recognized as risk factors for suicide in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, few studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between these factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 105 MDD patients. Alexithymia was assessed by the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), perceived stress was assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), severity of depression was assessed by the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), and suicidal ideation was assessed by the self-report Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI). A sequential mediation model was established to test the mediating effects of perceived stress and severity of depression on the association between alexithymia and suicidal ideation. Results 81 of the 105 participants (77.14 %) had suicidal ideation. Patients with suicidal ideation had greater difficulty in identifying feelings (DIF) (p = 0.046), higher severity of depression (p = 0.005) and perceived stress (p = 0.003). DIF subscale score of TAS was associated with perceived stress (r = 0.292, p = 0.003), severity of depression (r = 0.349, p < 0.001) and suicidal ideation (r = 0.229, p = 0.012). Sequential mediation model showed that perceived stress and severity of depression mediated the effect of DIF on suicidal ideation. Conclusions This study suggests that perceived stress and severity of depression fully mediate the relationship between difficulty in identifying feelings and suicidal ideation in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Tianjin TEDA Hospital, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Meijuan Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Nanage Guobule
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Huan Mao
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300222, China
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13
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Palmu R, Partonen T. Severe or chronic disease in childhood predicts suicidality and links to anxiety in young adulthood. Nord J Psychiatry 2023; 77:754-759. [PMID: 37480287 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2023.2238677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suicide prevention needs measures, and further understanding of the role of adverse childhood experiences may elucidate the suicide process and ease the identification of suicide risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS A random sample of adults, aged 18-28 years and representative of the general population living in Finland, participated in a nationwide health examination survey. Of them (n = 793) we analyzed whether severe or chronic disease in childhood before the age of 16 years contributed to suicidality (suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempts), and whether severe or chronic disease in childhood was associated with mental disorders, current psychological distress, current usage of prescription medicines, or current work capacity. RESULTS Having severe or chronic disease in childhood contributed independently to suicidality, with the odds ratio of 5.41 (95% confidence interval of 2.98-9.82, p < .001), but the significance of this association was lost after controlling for mental disorders. Having severe or chronic disease during childhood, as compared not having such condition, was associated with having more frequently anxiety (p < .001), greater psychological distress (p < .001), more frequently usage of psychotropic medicines (p < .001), and poorer work capacity (p < .001). CONCLUSION Having severe or chronic disease in childhood not only increased the odds for suicidality, but also associated with anxiety, current psychological distress, current usage of psychotropic medication, and current work capacity in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimo Palmu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Partonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Korkmaz ŞA, Kızgın S, Oğuz EF, Neşelioğlu S, Erel Ö. Thiol-disulphide homeostasis, ischemia-modified albumin, complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers and C-reactive protein from acute mania to early remission in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:426-434. [PMID: 37459969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is much recent evidence that inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of acute mania in bipolar disorder (BD). However, no study was evaluated in which the change in thiol-disulphide homeostasis, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers (CBC-IMs) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in bipolar patients was followed-up from acute mania to early remission. METHODS Seventy-seven bipolar patients in acute mania and ninety-one HC were enrolled. We measured levels of thiol-disulphide parameters, IMA, and CBC-IMs such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red-cell-distribution-width (RDW)-to-platelet ratio (RPR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), CRP and platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR), after adjusting for age, gender, body-mass index (BMI) and smoking status, during acute mania to subsequent early remission. The results were compared with HC. RESULTS The levels or ratios of all thiol-disulphide parameters except for disulphide, IMA and CRP of bipolar patients in both acute mania and early remission were significantly different from HC, after adjusting for confounders. The NLR, SII, CRP and PAR values of bipolar patients were significantly higher in only acute mania compared to HC. Significant changes in thiol-disulphide parameters and IMA levels were not found in early remission after acute mania. LIMITATIONS Short follow-up period and lack of drug-naive patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that thiol-disulphide parameters, IMA level and SIRI value might be a trait biomarkers of inflammation in BD. In addition, NLR, SII and PAR values and CRP level might be a state biomarker of inflammation in bipolar patients in a manic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükrü Alperen Korkmaz
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Çanakkale, Turkey.
| | - Sadice Kızgın
- Ankara City Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Fırat Oğuz
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara/Turkey
| | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara/Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara/Turkey
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15
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Bramness JG, Pandey S, Moe JS, Toft H, Lien L, Walby FA, Myhre MØ, Bolstad I. Levels of IL-6 are Associated with Lifetime Attempted Suicide in Alcohol Use Disorder Patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2141-2148. [PMID: 37849526 PMCID: PMC10578180 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s413101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) have an increased risk of suicide. Neuroimmunological measures, such as cytokines, are shown to deviate in people with attempted suicide. Few studies have investigated this among AUD patients. Patients and Methods One-hundred and fourteen patients undergoing residential treatment for AUD were interviewed on lifetime suicide attempts (SA) along with several other background variables and clinical characteristics. Serum blood samples were drawn for analysis of cytokines. Results Thirty-one patients (27%) reported at least one SA. These patients had more symptoms of current affective disorders and more severe dependence. In bivariate analysis only IL-6 and IL-10 appeared to be associated with lifetime SA but without reaching statistical significance. In multivariate linear regression, adjusting for sex, nicotine use, somatic illness, and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, IL-6 was associated to SA (p = 0.033). Conclusion The cytokine IL-6 has repeatedly been found to be associated with suicidality. The present study concurs with this role of IL-6 in a naturalistic observational study of AUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen G Bramness
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Susmita Pandey
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Jenny Skumsnes Moe
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helge Toft
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Lars Lien
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Fredrik A Walby
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Øverlien Myhre
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Bolstad
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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Rekha HS, Paramasivam S, Raja K, Bharadwaj B. Voriconazole-induced psychosis in rhino-orbital invasive aspergillosis. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254790. [PMID: 37821144 PMCID: PMC10583028 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-254790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a challenging fungal infection. Voriconazole is an antifungal drug belonging to the triazole group, commonly used for treating invasive aspergillosis, Cryptococcus neoformans and candida infections. We present a case of a man in his late 70s diagnosed with rhino-orbital invasive aspergillosis who developed voriconazole-induced psychosis as an idiosyncratic, adverse drug reaction (ADR); however, he responded to the cessation of intravenous voriconazole and, after starting on an oral antipsychotic, haloperidol. Clinicians need to be cognizant of this rare, idiosyncratic and iatrogenic ADR to voriconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Swarna Rekha
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
- Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sabharisan Paramasivam
- Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Kalaiarasi Raja
- Department of ENT, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Balaji Bharadwaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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17
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Cui S, Liu Z, Liu Y, Yao G, Wu Y, Li J, Sun F, Sun L, Sun L. Correlation Between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Suicide Attempts in Children and Adolescents with First-Episode, Drug-Naïve Major Depressive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4451-4460. [PMID: 37842191 PMCID: PMC10573448 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s433397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the association between the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and suicide attempt (SA) in children and adolescents with first-episode, drug-naïve Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 263 MDD patients hospitalized at the Third Hospital of Fuyang City between 2020 and 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence of previous SA. The study compared the differences in SII and clinical characteristics between the two groups and used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the optimal critical value of SII and the area under the curve. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for SA. Results Compared with the patients without SA history, the patients with a personal history of SA had a higher mean HDRS scores (Z=-2.369, p=0.018), higher mean neutrophil count (Z=-2.870, p=0.004), higher mean platelet count (Z=-2.155, p=0.031), and higher mean SII (Z=-3.170, p=0.002). The optimal critical SII determined by the ROC curve was 548.15 (sensitivity = 63.2%, specificity = 83.1%), and the area under the curve was 0.661. After adjusting for gender, age, BMI, illness duration and HDRS score, the risk of total SA in patients with high SII was 8.296 times higher than in those with low SII (OR = 8.296, 95% CI: 3.803-18.095, P < 0.001), The risk of recent SA was 13.922 times higher in patients with high SII than in those with low SII (OR = 13.922, 95% CI: 5.587-34.693, p < 0.001). However, high SII was not a risk factor for past SA (OR = 0.547, 95% CI: 0.062-4.842, P=0.587). Conclusion SII may be an inexpensive, easily accessible strategy that can assist in determining suicide risk in adolescents with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhai Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 238000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 238000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longlong Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, People’s Republic of China
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 238000, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Peng L, Hu X, Xu C, Xu Y, Lai H, Yang Y, Liu J, Xue Y, Li M. Altered regional homogeneity and homotopic connectivity in Chinese breast cancer survivors with fear of cancer recurrence: A resting-state fMRI study. J Psychosom Res 2023; 173:111454. [PMID: 37595543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is one of the most distressing concerns for breast cancer survivors, but the neural mechanism underlying FCR remains unclear. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study and recruited 62 breast cancer survivors varying in FCR (31 high-FCR individuals and 31 low-FCR individuals) and compared neuroimaging findings. Data from 3 low-FCR subjects were excluded because they did not complete all experiments. All the participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Regional homogeneity (ReHo) and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) were assessed. RESULTS Breast cancer survivors with high and low FCR significantly differed in the ReHo of the left caudate nucleus and precuneus as well as in the VMHC of the posterior cerebellar lobe, superior frontal gyrus, orbital frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, occipital gyrus, inferior parietal lobule and frontal middle gyrus. FCR was negatively correlated with the mean ReHo of the left caudate nucleus (r = -0.501, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with the mean ReHo of the right precuneus (r = 0.505, p < 0.001). In addition, FCR was positively correlated with the mean VMHC of the bilateral superior occipital gyrus (r = 0.438, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the left caudate nucleus, right precuneus and bilateral superior occipital gyrus are involved in FCR, which may provide preliminary evidence to improve the present understanding of the neural mechanisms of FCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Department of Military Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Military Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Military Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Military Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Han Lai
- Department of Military Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Breast Center of Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Foreign Languages, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Military Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Gao AX, Xia TC, Lin LS, Dong TT, Tsim KW. The neurotrophic activities of brain-derived neurotrophic factor are potentiated by binding with apigenin, a common flavone in vegetables, in stimulating the receptor signaling. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:2787-2799. [PMID: 37101380 PMCID: PMC10493664 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to identify the neurotrophic activities of apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone) via its coordination with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) and an elevated signaling of tyrosine kinase receptor B (Trk B receptor). METHODS The direct binding of apigenin to BDNF was validated by ultrafiltration and biacore assay. Neurogenesis, triggered by apigenin and/or BDNF, was determined in cultured SH-SY5Y cells and rat cortical neurons. The amyloid-beta (Aβ)25-35 -induced cellular stress was revealed by propidium iodide staining, mitochondrial membrane potential, bioenergetic analysis, and formation of reactive oxygen species levels. Activation of Trk B signaling was tested by western blotting. RESULTS Apigenin and BDNF synergistically maintained the cell viability and promoted neurite outgrowth of cultured neurons. In addition, the BDNF-induced neurogenesis of cultured neurons was markedly potentiated by applied apigenin, including the induced expressions of neurofilaments, PSD-95 and synaptotagmin. Moreover, the synergy of apigenin and BDNF alleviated the (Aβ)25-35 -induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. The synergy could be accounted by phosphorylation of Trk B receptor, and which was fully blocked by a Trk inhibitor K252a. CONCLUSION Apigenin potentiates the neurotrophic activities of BDNF through direct binding, which may serve as a possible treatment for its curative efficiency in neurodegenerative diseases and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Xiong Gao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Tracy Chen‐Xi Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Lish Sheng‐Ying Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Tina Ting‐Xia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
| | - Karl Wah‐Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
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20
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Wang Y, Yang X, Ji X, Liu M, Zhou C. Clinical efficacy of escitalopram combined with botulinum toxin A in patients with generalized anxiety disorder and comorbid headache. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2061-2070. [PMID: 37481677 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common mental disorder that happens comorbidly with other diseases. Headache is a common anxiety comorbidity. Previous reports have shown that the selection of therapeutic drugs for GAD patients and comorbid headache is challenging. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of escitalopram combined with botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) in patients with GAD and comorbid headache and seek an alternative treatment strategy for the comorbidity of GAD and headache. METHODS A prospective, randomized controlled, double-blind study was performed. The eligible GAD patients with comorbid headache were randomly assigned to the BoNT/A group and the placebo group. All the patients were given oral escitalopram therapy (10-20 mg/day) for the whole duration of the study. The BoNT/A group was given local injections of BoNT/A (50 U per person), whereas the placebo group was given local saline (0.9% NaCl) injections at the beginning and 3 months after the experiments. All participants were followed up for 6 months and relevant information was collected at months 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6. Primary outcomes included the following: (1) the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7); (2) the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS); (3) the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scales (HAMA); (4) days with headache per month; (5) visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS A total of 101 patients (the sex ratio of female to male: 3.39:1) were finally included. Compared with the placebo group, the BoNT/A group showed a significant decrease in GAD-7 scores, SAS scores, HAMA scores, days with headache per month, and VAS scores at months 1, 2, 3, and 6 of follow-up (all p < 0.05). The average time to complete remission of anxiety symptoms (HAMA< 7 points) in the BoNT/A group was less than the placebo group (2 months vs. 3 months). At the same time, the results of the survival analysis showed a clear beneficial effect of BoNT/A relative to placebo on the time to remission of anxiety (log-rank test, p < 0.001). Mean daily doses of escitalopram at the sixth month in the BoNT/A group was smaller than the placebo group (12.5 mg vs. 16.04 mg, p < 0.001). The number of patients who relapsed (HAMA total score ≥ 14 points) at 6 months of follow-up in the BoNT/A group was less than the placebo group (2.2% vs. 14.9%, p < 0.05). The rates of response (HAMA subtraction rate ≥ 50%) were 93.8% for the BoNT/A group and 75.5% for the placebo group (p < 0.05), and the rates of remission (HAMA < 7 points) were 87.5% for the BoNT/A group and 64.2% for the placebo group (p < 0.01) at the sixth month. CONCLUSION The combination of escitalopram with BoNT/A is a significantly effective intervention in improving clinical efficacy and reducing the recurrence in patients with GAD and comorbid headache, and we believe that this approach will be an additional treatment strategy for future treatment of comorbid headache in GAD. Therefore, we recommend that escitalopram combined with BoNT/A should be given as early as possible in GAD patients and comorbid headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Number 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Number 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Number 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Number 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Number 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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21
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Lamontagne SJ, Zabala PK, Zarate CA, Ballard ED. Toward objective characterizations of suicide risk: A narrative review of laboratory-based cognitive and behavioral tasks. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105361. [PMID: 37595649 PMCID: PMC10592047 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Although suicide is a leading cause of preventable death worldwide, current prevention efforts have failed to substantively mitigate suicide risk. Suicide research has traditionally relied on subjective reports that may not accurately differentiate those at high versus minimal risk. This narrative review supports the inclusion of objective task-based measures in suicide research to complement existing subjective batteries. The article: 1) outlines risk factors proposed by contemporary theories of suicide and highlights recent empirical findings supporting these theories; 2) discusses ongoing challenges associated with current risk assessment tools and their ability to accurately evaluate risk factors; and 3) analyzes objective laboratory measures that can be implemented alongside traditional measures to enhance the precision of risk assessment. To illustrate the potential of these methods to improve our understanding of suicide risk, the article reviews how acute stress responses in a laboratory setting can be modeled, given that stress is a major precipitant for suicidal behavior. More precise risk assessment strategies can emerge if objective measures are implemented in conjunction with traditional subjective measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Lamontagne
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Paloma K Zabala
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Ballard
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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22
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Prasannakumar A, Kumar V, Mailankody P, Appaji A, Battu R, Berendschot TTJM, Rao NP. A systematic review and meta-analysis of optical coherence tomography studies in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24:707-720. [PMID: 37070475 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2023.2203231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to the common neurodevelopmental origin and easy accessibility, the retina serves as a surrogate marker for changes in the brain. Hence, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), a tool to examine the neuronal layers of retina has gained importance in investigating psychiatric disorders. Several studies in the last decade have reported retinal structural alterations in schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the findings are inconsistent. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate alterations in OCT parameters in patients with SCZ, BD and MDD. METHODS We searched electronic databases for studies that examined OCT parameters in patients with SCZ, BD and MDD published up to January 2023. The primary outcome measures were thickness and volumes of the retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL). We conducted meta-analysis using a random effects model. RESULTS The searches yielded 2638 publications of which 43 studies were included in the final analysis across all disorders. Compared to controls, the RNFL was thinner in SCZ patients (SMD = -0.37, p = <0.001) and BD patients (SMD = -0.67, p = < 0.001), but not in MDD patients (SMD = -0.08, p = 0.54). On quadrant wise analysis, temporal quadrant RNFL was thinner in SCZ but not in BD, while all other quadrants were thinner in both SCZ and BD. CONCLUSION We found significant reductions in RNFL thickness in SCZ and BD, but not in MDD. The differential involvement in various quadrants and parameters across the disorders has potential implications for using retinal parameters as a diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Prasannakumar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Mailankody
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhishek Appaji
- Department of Medical Electronics, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Opthalmology, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rajani Battu
- Department of Opthalmology, Centre for Eye Genetics and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Tos T J M Berendschot
- Department of Opthalmology, University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Naren P Rao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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23
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Olié E, Catanzaro T, Malestroit M, Guija JA, Giner L, Courtet P. The capacity to consent to treatment is altered in suicidal patients. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:35. [PMID: 37689691 PMCID: PMC10492405 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with depression refuse treatment. Moreover, suicide attempters often display low perceived need of treatment and impaired decision-making. These observations raise questions about the capacity to treatment consent in depressed suicide attempters (SA). METHODS In patients with current depressive episode (N = 33 SAs and N = 27 non-SAs), consent capacity was evaluated with the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T), insight with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale, and depression severity with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS The median BDI score in the whole sample (N = 60) was 21 [10;36], and was higher in SAs than non-SAs (27 [11;36] vs. 15 [10:33], p < 0.001). Consent capacity was impaired in 30% (appreciation), 53% (reasoning) and 60% (understanding) of all patients. MacCAT-T sub-scores were lower in SAs than non-SAs (understanding: 4.4 [2.35;5.8] vs. 5.3 [3.13;6]); appreciation: 3 [1;4] vs. 4 [2;4]); reasoning (4 [1;7] vs. 7 [3;8]), and ability to express a choice: 1 [0;2] vs. 2 [0;2]; all p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, suicide attempt history and depression severity (but not insight) were negatively associated with MacCAT-T sub-scores. CONCLUSION More research is needed on the capacity to consent to treatment of patients with depression, particularly suicidal individuals, to make informed choices about their treatment. Trial registration The Montpellier University Hospital Institutional Review Board approved the study (No. 202100714).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Thomas Catanzaro
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Julio A Guija
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Service of Psychiatry. Institute of Legal Medicine, Seville, Spain
| | - Lucas Giner
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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24
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Kim KY, Shin KY, Chang KA. Potential Inflammatory Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder Related to Suicidal Behaviors: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13907. [PMID: 37762207 PMCID: PMC10531013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric condition affecting an estimated 280 million individuals globally. Despite the occurrence of suicidal behaviors across various psychiatric conditions, MDD is distinctly associated with the highest risk of suicide attempts and death within this population. In this study, we focused on MDD to identify potential inflammatory biomarkers associated with suicidal risk, given the relationship between depressive states and suicidal ideation. Articles published before June 2023 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to identify all relevant studies reporting blood inflammatory biomarkers in patients with MDD with suicide-related behaviors. Of 571 articles, 24 were included in this study. Overall, 43 significant biomarkers associated with MDD and suicide-related behaviors were identified. Our study provided compelling evidence of significant alterations in peripheral inflammatory factors in MDD patients with suicide-related behaviors, demonstrating the potential roles of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, C-reactive protein, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and tumor necrosis factor-α as biomarkers. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between the inflammatory processes of these biomarkers and their interactions in MDD with suicidal risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea;
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Shin
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-A Chang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
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25
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Ochi S, Roy B, Prall K, Shelton RC, Dwivedi Y. Strong associations of telomere length and mitochondrial copy number with suicidality and abuse history in adolescent depressed individuals. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3920-3929. [PMID: 37735501 PMCID: PMC10730407 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in adolescents and is a major risk factor for suicidality. Recent evidence shows that accelerated cellular senescence/aging is associated with psychiatric illness, including depression, in adults. The present study examined if the relationships of telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), two critical indicators of cellular senescence/aging, are altered in depressed adolescents and whether these alterations are associated with suicidality, early-life adversities, and other co-occuring factors. In genomic DNA isolated from 53 adolescents (ages 16-19, 19 MDD with suicide attempt/suicidal ideation [MDD + SI/SA], 14 MDD without SA/SI [MDD-SI/SA], and 20 healthy controls [HC]), TL and mtDNAcn were measured as the ratio between the number of telomere repeats and that of a single-copy nuclear-hemoglobin [HBG] gene or the amount of mtDNA (NADH dehydrogenase, subunit 1) relative to HBG. Our data show that TL was significantly lower, and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the total MDD group than HC. TL was significantly lower and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the MDD + SA/SI group than in the HC, whereas there were no differences in the MDD-SI/SA group. TL was positively correlated with mtDNAcn in both HC and MDD-SA/SI groups; however, TL was negatively correlated with mtDNAcn in MDD + SA/SI. Furthermore, TL was negatively correlated with the severity of both depression and anxiety, while mtDNAcn was positively correlated with the severity of prior emotional abuse. Our study indicates that cellular senescence is more advanced in depressed adolescents with suicidal ideation and that childhood emotional abuse may participate in such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kevin Prall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Richard C Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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26
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Jung M, Lee S, Kang M, Allen HK. Age-varying association between depression symptoms and executive function among older adults: Moderation by physical activity. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:115-122. [PMID: 37490844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed trends in depression symptoms, executive function, and their association across age among older adults. Subgroup comparisons were made between older adults meeting and not meeting physical activity guidelines on variables and associations of interest. METHODS Participants (n = 2473) were older adults ages 60 to 79 from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression symptoms, executive function, and physical activity were assessed, and weighted time-varying effect modeling was used for analyses. RESULTS Depression symptoms were most severe at age 62 followed by a modest decline before a second peak around age 67. Executive function was highest at age 60 and declined steadily through age 77. Depression symptoms and executive function were negatively associated, but the strength and significance of this association varied with age. Older adults meeting physical activity guidelines had increased executive function and less severe depression symptoms, and meeting physical activity guidelines buffered the association between depression symptoms and executive function at key ages during older adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Differences by age should be considered when designing and implementing health programs and treatments focusing on mental health and cognition in older adulthood. Encouraging moderate-intensity physical activity may help protect older adults from depression-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungjin Jung
- Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Seomgyun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Hannah K Allen
- Substance Use & Mental Health Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.
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27
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Pan A, Liu S, Hu S, Dai J, Yi J. Gray Matter Alterations in Panic Disorder: A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2023; 33:229-237. [PMID: 38765308 PMCID: PMC11082626 DOI: 10.5152/pcp.2023.23684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gray matter alterations play a role in the panic disorder's pathophysiology origin. However, the current literature seemed inadequate to reach a consistent conclusion. Therefore, we conducted this gray matter meta-analysis on panic disorder. Methods A systematic review and a voxel-wise meta-analysis based on voxel-based morphometry were conducted for the gray matter studies in patients with panic disorder. The Seed-based d Mapping toolbox was applied for the voxel-wise meta-analysis. Fourteen gray matter studies (954 subjects) were enrolled in the current meta-analysis. The subgroup analysis of typical-onset versus late-onset patients was also performed. At last, the clinical severity was meta-regressed with gray matter alterations. Results Significant gray matter alterations were found in the left para-cingulate gyrus and the right amygdala of panic disorder patients. The subgroup analysis of typical-onset panic disorder patients showed a similar pattern. However, gray matter alterations were demonstrated in the bilateral opercular cortex of late-onset panic disorder patients. A significant association between the clinical severity and the gray matter alterations was found in the fronto-cingulate regions of panic disorder patients. Conclusion Gray matter alterations might represent a significant pillar of panic disorder's neurobiology, especially for the amygdala, cingulate, and frontal regions. Future gray matter studies in panic disorder should be needed to reconfirm this pattern of gray matter alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anguang Pan
- Department of Radiology, Xishan Hospital, the Seventh People’s Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Hainan Province’s Capital City Compulsory Isolation Drug Rehabilitation Center Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Radiology, Xishan Hospital, the Seventh People’s Hospital of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Dai
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Wulanchabu Central Hospital, Wulanchabu, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Juan Yi
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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28
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Pozo N, Romero C, Andrade M, Délano PH, Medel V, Troncoso M, Orellana P, Rodriguez MI, Fabres C, Delgado C. Exploring the relationship between frailty and executive dysfunction: the role of frontal white matter hyperintensities. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1196641. [PMID: 37711991 PMCID: PMC10498544 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1196641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Frailty is a geriatric syndrome frequently associated with executive dysfunction and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). But the relation between executive dysfunction and brain changes is poorly understood in frail subjects. Our hypothesis is that frontal-WMH mediates the association between frailty and executive dysfunction. Methods A convenience sample of 113 subjects older than 65 years without dementia was studied with neuropsychological test, a structured clinical interview, physical examination and brain MRI. They were classified as robust or pre-frail and frail using the frailty phenotype score (0-5). The frontal WMH (F-WMH) were manually graduated (0-6) using the "Age-Related White Matter Changes score" from FLAIR sequences at a 3 Tesla brain MRI. A mediation analysis was done for testing whether F-WMH could act as a link factor between frailty phenotype score and executive dysfunction. Results The group's mean age was 74 ± 6 years, subjects with higher frailty score had more depressive symptoms and worse performance in executive function tests. A regression analysis that explained 52% of the variability in executive functions, revealed a significant direct effect of frailty score (Standardized βcoeff [95% CI] -0.201, [-0.319, -0.049], and F-WMH (-0.152[-0.269, -0.009]) on executive functions, while the F-WMH showed a small partial mediation effect between frailty and executive functions (-0.0395, [-0.09, -0.004]). Discussion Frontal matter hyperintensities had a small mediation effect on the association between frailty and executive dysfunction, suggesting that other neuropathological and neurofunctional changes might also be associated with executive dysfunction in frail subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pozo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Romero
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maricarmen Andrade
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul H. Délano
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronic Engineer (AC3E), Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Vicente Medel
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Troncoso
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Orellana
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Isabel Rodriguez
- Geriatric Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Puerto Montt Dr. Eduardo Schütz Schroeder, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Camila Fabres
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Delgado
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Zheng X, Tong L, Zhang C, Zhang C, Zhang C, Wan B. Modifiable risk factors of major depressive disorder: A Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289419. [PMID: 37535610 PMCID: PMC10399902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying modifiable risk factors early on is essential to prevent major depressive disorder (MDD). This study systematically investigated the causal relationship between 19 modifiable risk factors and MDD. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with 19 potentially modifiable risk factors were screened via the genome-wide association study (GWAS) enrolling individuals of European descent. Summary-level data for MDD (59,851 cases and 113,154 controls) were extracted from the UK Biobank. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the MR-Egger method, the Maximum likelihood method, the MR-pleiotropy residual sum outlier (MR-PRESSO) method, and MR-robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS) method. MR-Egger regression, heterogeneity tests, pleiotropy tests, and leave-one-out tests were also performed to analyze sensitivity. The MR Steiger test was used to verify the directionality of the exposure to the outcome. Genetically predicted smoking initiation increased the risk of MDD (P = 6.00E-09), while smoking status: never and past tobacco smoking decreased the risk of MDD (all P < 0.01). In addition, education level was inversely associated with MDD risk (all P < 0.01). Genetically instrumented sleeplessness/insomnia, daytime naps, and nap during the day were positively related to the risk of MDD (all P < 0.01). Personal feelings, including guilt, hurt, tension, and worry too long after an embarrassing experience, had a suggestive increased risk for MDD (all P < 0.000). The remaining five modifiable risk factors were all causally associated with the risk of MDD, including neuroticism, neuroticism scores, body mass index (BMI), average total household income before tax, and types of physical activity in the last 4 weeks (all P < 0.01). All 19 potentially modifiable risk factors were causally associated with the risk of MDD. The main hypothesis of this MR study was that identifying and intervening in these 19 potentially modifiable risk factors could be beneficial to the prevention and treatment of MDD and further reduce mortality and economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bangbei Wan
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine is emerging as an effective, rapidly acting antidepressant in adult research. Hypothetical concerns about its long-term safety and impact on the developing brain are limiting its research in children. However, a wealth of paediatric safety and dosing data exists for ketamine, given its extensive use globally as an anaesthetic, analgesic and sedative agent. AIMS To evaluate the safety of repeat dosing of ketamine in children. METHODS A systematic search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and PubMed from inception to 13 April 2023 was conducted. Included studies were those reporting adverse events when ketamine was given repeatedly to children aged 5-18, for any condition. No language restrictions were applied. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools Checklist for study quality assessment were used. The review process was performed independently by two reviewers. RESULTS Five observational studies (87 patients) were included. The maximum number of doses per patient was 42, over a maximum of 4 months. There were no serious adverse events. There was no evidence of needing higher doses with time to indicate tolerance. The longest follow-up period was 6 months. There were no long-term consequences (including neurocognitive) reported within this time frame. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that, despite methodological limitations of the studies, ketamine is well tolerated and safe for use in children, even when given repeatedly in regimens analogous to those used for the treatment of depression in adults. This finding supports the expansion of research into the use of ketamine as a novel antidepressant in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lottie James
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Great Ormond Street, Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Ian G James
- Anaesthesia Department, Royal College of Anaesthetists, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Justin Wakefield
- Royal College of Psychiatrists, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, London, UK
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Rimti FH, Shahbaz R, Bhatt K, Xiang A. A review of new insights into existing major depressive disorder biomarkers. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18909. [PMID: 37664743 PMCID: PMC10469054 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As major depressive disorder (MDD) is such a diverse condition, there are currently no clear ways for determining its severity, endophenotype, or therapy response. The distinctive nature of depression, the variability of analysis in literature and the large number of conceptually complicated biomarkers are some of the many reasons for the lack of progress. Markers are involved in the process of neurotrophic, metabolic, and inflammation as well as neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems' components. Some clinical indicators are strong enough so that can be measured using assessments of proteomic, genetic, metabolomics, neuroimaging, epigenetic and transcriptomic. Markers of oxidative stress, endocrine, inflammatory, proteomic, and growth indicators are currently among the promising biologic systems/markers identified in this analysis. This narrative review examines succinct studies which investigated cytokines of inflammatory factors, peripheral factors of development, metabolic and endocrine markers as pathophysiological biomarkers of MDD, and treatment responses. Endocrine and metabolic alterations have also been linked to MDD in various studies. So, this study summarizes all of the numerous biomarkers that are significant in the detection or treatment of MDD patients. The paper also provides an overview of various biomarkers which are important for the regulation and its effects on MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kunj Bhatt
- McMaster University, Ontario, 00000, Canada
| | - Alex Xiang
- McMaster University, Ontario, 00000, Canada
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32
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Tian Y, Zhou H, Wang D, Zhang X. Association of Alexithymia With Positive Symptoms in Chinese Chronic Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Obesity. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:689-695. [PMID: 37409369 PMCID: PMC10460978 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing body of research suggests the presence of alexithymia (a form of social cognitive impairment) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), which may be related to their psychopathological symptoms. Patients with SCZ exhibit high rates of obesity. Interestingly, studies of the general population have found that alexithymia acts a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of obesity. However, little is known regarding the relationship between obesity, alexithymia, and clinical symptoms in SCZ patients. The study was aim to explore the relationship between obesity, alexithymia, and clinical symptoms in SCZ patients. METHODS Demographic and clinical data were collected from 507 patients with chronic SCZ. Their symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and alexithymia was assessed with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). RESULTS Compare with nonobese SCZ patients, obese SCZ patients scored higher on PANSS positive symptoms, TAS total score, difficulty identifying feelings, and difficulty describing feelings (all p<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between difficulty identifying feelings and positive symptoms in SCZ patients. Further correlation analysis showed that this association was only present in obese SCZ patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Obesity may moderate the association between alexithymia and positive symptoms in chronic SCZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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33
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Clayton MG, Nelson BW, Giletta M, Hastings PD, Nock MK, Rudolph KD, Slavich GM, Prinstein MJ. Interpersonal Life Stress and Inflammatory Reactivity as Prospective Predictors of Suicide Attempts in Adolescent Females. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:977-987. [PMID: 36853582 PMCID: PMC10330793 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' suicidal behavior frequently is preceded by interpersonal stress, but not all who experience distress attempt to end their lives. Recent theories have posited individual differences in stress-related inflammatory reactivity may be associated with psychopathology risk; this study examined inflammatory reactivity as a moderator of the prospective association between interpersonal stress and adolescents' suicidal behavior. Participants included 157 at-risk adolescent females (ages 12 to 16 years) and assessed individual differences in proinflammatory cytokine responses to a brief laboratory-based social stressor, both interpersonal and non-interpersonal life events, and suicidal behavior over an 18-month follow-up period. Measuring levels of the key proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) before and after an experimentally-induced social stressor, results revealed that blunted cytokine reactivity heightened the effect of high interpersonal stress exposure on risk for suicidal behaviors over the subsequent 9 months. Significant effects were not revealed for non-interpersonally themed stress. Finding highlight the urgent need for more research examining inflammation reactivity among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Clayton
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, UNC Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Davie Hall, Campus Box 3270, 27599-3270, 962-3988, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Benjamin W Nelson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, UNC Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Davie Hall, Campus Box 3270, 27599-3270, 962-3988, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matteo Giletta
- Department of Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Paul D Hastings
- Center for Mind and Brain, Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Matthew K Nock
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen D Rudolph
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - George M Slavich
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, UNC Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Davie Hall, Campus Box 3270, 27599-3270, 962-3988, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Svendsen VG, Wijnen BFM, De Vos JA, Veenstra R, Evers SMAA, Lokkerbol J. A roadmap for applying machine learning when working with privacy-sensitive data: predicting non-response to treatment for eating disorders. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2023; 23:933-949. [PMID: 37366051 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2023.2230368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Applying machine-learning methodology to clinical data could present a promising avenue for predicting outcomes in patients receiving treatment for psychiatric disorders. However, preserving privacy when working with patient data remains a critical concern. METHODS In showcasing how machine-learning can be used to build a clinically relevant prediction model on clinical data, we apply two commonly used machine-learning algorithms (Random Forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) to routine outcome monitoring data collected from 593 patients with eating disorders to predict absence of reliable improvement 12 months after entering outpatient treatment. RESULTS An RF model trained on data collected at baseline and after three months made 31.3% fewer errors in predicting lack of reliable improvement at 12 months, in comparison with chance. Adding data from a six-month follow-up resulted in only marginal improvements to accuracy. CONCLUSION We were able to build and validate a model that could aid clinicians and researchers in more accurately predicting treatment response in patients with EDs. We also demonstrated how this could be done without compromising privacy. ML presents a promising approach to developing accurate prediction models for psychiatric disorders such as ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vegard G Svendsen
- Center of Economic Evaluation & Machine Learning, Trimbos Institute (Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, SERAF, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben F M Wijnen
- Center of Economic Evaluation & Machine Learning, Trimbos Institute (Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Alexander De Vos
- Human Concern, Centre for Eating Disorders, Human Concern, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ravian Veenstra
- Human Concern, Centre for Eating Disorders, Human Concern, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia M A A Evers
- Center of Economic Evaluation & Machine Learning, Trimbos Institute (Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joran Lokkerbol
- Center of Economic Evaluation & Machine Learning, Trimbos Institute (Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction), Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ji CF, Wu GH, Du XD, Wang GX, Liu LL, Niu ME, Logan R, Kong FZ. Factors that contribute to trait mindfulness level among hospitalized patients with major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1144989. [PMID: 37496685 PMCID: PMC10368243 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1144989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness training among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) reduces symptoms, prevents relapse, improves prognosis, and is more efficient for those with a high level of trait mindfulness. Upon hospital admission, 126 MDD patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief, Five-Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and the Rumination Response Scale (RRS). The 65 patients that scored less than the median of all subjects on the FFMQ were placed into the low mindfulness level (LML) group. The other 61 patients were placed in the high mindfulness level (HML) group. All facet scores were statistically different between the mental health assessment scores of the HML and LML groups except for RRS brooding and FFMQ nonjudgement. Trait mindfulness level exhibited a negative and bidirectional association with MDD severity primarily through the facets of description and aware actions. Trait mindfulness was also related positively with age primarily through the facets of nonreactivity and nonjudgement. Being married is positively associated with trait mindfulness levels primarily through the facet of observation and by an associated increase in perceived quality of life. Mindfulness training prior to MDD diagnosis also associates positively with trait mindfulness level. Hospitalized MDD patients should have their trait mindfulness levels characterized to predict treatment efficiency, help establish a prognosis, and identify mindfulness-related therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Fang Ji
- Department of Psychology, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guan-Hui Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Dong Du
- Department of Psychology, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gui-Xian Wang
- Moral Education Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Liu
- Department of Psychology, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei-E. Niu
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Robert Logan
- Department of Biology, Eastern Nazarene College, Quincy, MA, United States
| | - Fan-Zhen Kong
- Department of Nursing, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Charlton T, Prowse N, McFee A, Heiratifar N, Fortin T, Paquette C, Hayley S. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has direct anti-inflammatory effects on microglia. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1188672. [PMID: 37404293 PMCID: PMC10315457 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1188672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the primary immunocompetent cells that protect the brain from environmental stressors, but can also be driven to release pro-inflammatory cytokines and induce a cytotoxic environment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is important for the regulation of plasticity, synapse formation, and general neuronal health. Yet, little is known about how BDNF impacts microglial activity. We hypothesized that BDNF would have a direct modulatory effect on primary cortical (Postnatal Day 1-3: P1-3) microglia and (Embryonic Day 16: E16) neuronal cultures in the context of a bacterial endotoxin. To this end, we found that a BDNF treatment following LPS-induced inflammation had a marked anti-inflammatory effect, reversing the release of both IL-6 and TNF-α in cortical primary microglia. This modulatory effect was transferrable to cortical primary neurons, such that LPS-activated microglial media was able produce an inflammatory effect when added to a separate neuronal culture, and again, BDNF priming attenuated this effect. BDNF also reversed the overall cytotoxic impact of LPS exposure in microglia. We speculate that BDNF can directly play a role in regulating microglia state and hence, influence microglia-neuron interactions.
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Jin M, Lv P, Liang H, Teng Z, Gao C, Zhang X, Ni A, Cui X, Meng N, Li L. Association of triglyceride-glucose index with major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34058. [PMID: 37327285 PMCID: PMC10270554 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a new marker for insulin resistance, which is associated with a risk of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aims to explore whether the TyG index is correlated with MDD. In total, 321 patients with MDD and 325 non-MDD patients were included in the study. The presence of MDD was identified by trained clinical psychiatrists using the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision. The TyG index was calculated as follows: Ln (fasting triglyceride [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). The results revealed that the MDD group presented higher TyG index values than the non-MDD group (8.77 [8.34-9.17] vs 8.62 [8.18-9.01], P < .001). We also found significantly higher morbidity of MDD in the highest TyG index group than in the lower TyG index group (59.9% vs 41.4%, P < .001). Binary logistic regression revealed that TyG was an independent risk factor for MDD (odds ratio [OR] 1.750, 95% confidence interval: 1.284-2.384, P < .001). We further assessed the effect of TyG on depression in sex subgroups. The OR was 3.872 (OR 2.014, 95% confidence interval: 1.282-3.164, P = .002) for the subgroup of men. It is suggested that the TyG index could be closely associated with morbidity in MDD patients; thus, it may be a valuable marker for identifying MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Jin
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Cardiology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenjie Teng
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenyang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xueru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Aihua Ni
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaona Cui
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Meng
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Litao Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Networks and Cognitive Disorders, Shijiazhuang, China
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Song K, Lee J, Lee S, Jeon S, Lee HS, Kim HS, Chae HW. Height and subjective body image are associated with suicide ideation among Korean adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1172940. [PMID: 37377472 PMCID: PMC10291136 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1172940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicide is the leading cause of death among Korean adolescents. Suicide has been found to be associated with body mass index (BMI), height, and subjective body image among adults, but investigations of these associations among adolescents are limited. Thus, we aimed to examine to what extent suicide ideation is associated with height, BMI, and subjective body image among Korean adolescents. Methods This study examined the data of 6,261 adolescents, selected from a nationally representative survey. The participants were divided into subgroups by sex, suicide ideation, and subjective body image. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of suicide ideation with height, BMI, and subjective body image. Results The proportion of perceived obesity was high in the total sample; the height Z-score was lower for the group with suicide ideation than the group without suicide ideation; the height Z-scores were also lower for female participants with suicide ideation than those female participants without suicide ideation. The proportions of depressed mood, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts were higher among the total sample and female participants with perceived obesity than among those with a normal body image. On logistic regression, perceived obesity was positively associated with suicide ideation even after adjusting for age, height Z-score, weight Z-score, and depressed mood, whereas height Z-score was negatively associated with suicide ideation. These relationships were more prominent among female participants than among male participants. Conclusion Low height and perceived obesity, not real obesity, are associated with suicide ideation among Korean adolescents. These findings indicate that the need for an integrated approach to growth, body image, and suicide in adolescents is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungchul Song
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jeon
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kasahara-Kiritani M, Saga Y, Wakamatsu A, Wu DBC, Tsai IC. Clinical benefit of second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics in preventing re-hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia: A real-world study in Japan. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 86:103671. [PMID: 37311333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-world evidence on the benefits of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics (AP) in patients with schizophrenia is limited, especially in the employed population in Japan. This study evaluates the effectiveness of LAI AP in preventing re-hospitalization in patients with schizophrenia, including the employed population. METHODS This retrospective, observational, population-based study used the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) health insurance claims database to identify patients having schizophrenia before or on the day of the first LAI AP prescription (index date), and receiving LAI AP between April 1, 2012 and December 31, 2019. The number of all-cause, psychiatric-, and schizophrenia-related hospitalizations at baseline (365 days before index date) and during the 1-year follow-up period were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 1692 patients who received LAI AP during the study period, 146 were included (employed: 55 [37.7 %]; dependent: 91 [62.3 %]). The mean age was 37 years; 50.7 % (n = 74) were females. During baseline period, 61 (41.8 %) patients were not hospitalized. During the follow-up period, 67 (45.9 %) patients underwent hospitalization ≤ 7 days; all-cause: 100 (68.7 %); psychiatry-related: 104 (76.2 %); schizophrenia-related: 114 (78.1 %). A higher proportion of patients were hospitalization-free during the follow-up in the employed vs. dependent population: all cause: 69.1 % vs. 61.5 %; psychiatric-related 76.4 % vs. 67.0 %, schizophrenia-related: 87.3 % vs. 71.4 %. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the effectiveness of LAI AP in preventing hospitalization in Japan. During the follow-up period, patients with schizophrenia receiving LAI AP, including the employed population, had a significant decrease in hospitalization length and re-hospitalization rate compared to baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Kasahara-Kiritani
- Integrated Market Access Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Saga
- Medical Affairs, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Wakamatsu
- Medical Affairs, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David Bin-Chia Wu
- Regional Market Access & Government Affairs (Asia Pacific), Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore; School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - I-Ching Tsai
- Integrated Market Access Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Farcas A, Campbell M, Wong C, Iftene F. Is befriending a valuable intervention in schizophrenia? A scoping review. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1189772. [PMID: 37333929 PMCID: PMC10274138 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1189772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic mental disorder that involves disruptions in cognitive processes, emotional responsiveness, and social interactions. Psychotherapeutic and social integration practices have increasingly been added to the pharmacological treatment in an effort to improve the level of functioning and the quality of life of individuals affected by this condition. Befriending, defined as a one-on-one companionship provided by a volunteer who aims to act as an emotionally supportive liaison, is hypothesized to be an effective such intervention, offering support for building and maintaining social relationships in the community. Despite its increase in popularity and acceptance, befriending remains poorly understood and under-researched. Methods We performed a systematic search for studies targeting befriending either as an intervention or a controlled condition in studies on schizophrenia. Searches were performed in four databases: APA PsycInfo, Pubmed, Medline and EBSCO. The keywords "schizophrenia," AND "befriending," were searched for on all databases. Results The search yielded 93 titles and abstracts, of which 18 met the criteria for inclusion. The studies included in this review have all incorporated befriending as an intervention or a controlled condition, as per our search criteria, and aimed at depicting the value and feasibility of this intervention to address social and clinical deficits in individuals with schizophrenia. Conclusion The studies selected for this scoping review revealed inconsistent findings regarding the effect of befriending on overall symptoms and the subjective reporting of quality of life in individuals with schizophrenia. This inconsistency may be attributed to differences between the studies and their specific limitations.
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Wong ELY, Qiu H, Cheung AWL, Leung HHW, Chen FY, Yeoh EK. Association of social isolation with health status among community-dwelling Chinese older adults living with homecare services: a cross-sectional survey in Hong Kong. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1099734. [PMID: 37333567 PMCID: PMC10272830 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1099734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Defined as having few social relationships or infrequent social contact with family, friends, and the community, social isolation is a public health crisis. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of social isolation and explore the association between social isolation and health status among community-dwelling Chinese Older Adults living with homecare services. Methods This is a cross-sectional survey with a structured questionnaire conducted among older adults aged ≥60 in the Central Kowloon District of Hong Kong during 2017-2018. Social isolation was assessed by the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 and a score less than 12 was defined as socially isolated. Six aspects of health status including fall risk, cognitive function, depression, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and functional mobility were measured by standardized instruments. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied to estimate an index to represent the overall health status of the respondents. Multivariate logistic/linear regression models were applied to examine the associations between social isolation and health status after adjusting the sociodemographic characteristics. Results Among the 1,616 participants included in this analysis, the mean age was 80.9 years, 66.3% were female and 41.4% were identified as socially isolated. Compared with the non-isolated group, the socially isolated group had higher proportions of males, divorced or unmarried, ever smoking and drinking, living alone, and living in public housing without religion. After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratios (OR) comparing the socially isolated vs. non-isolated groups were 2.52 (95%CI: 1.79, 3.56) for high fall risk, 1.51 (1.17, 1.94) for cognitive impairment, and 1.78 (1.31, 2.43) for depression. The socially isolated group increased the odds of abnormal ADL, IADL, and functional mobility by 105-150%, and decreased the overall health score by 5.30 (3.42, 7.18). Conclusion We demonstrated the association of social isolation with poorer physical function and mental health and overall health status among the community-dwelling Chinese older adults living with homecare services. These findings provided new knowledge about the association of social isolation with both physical and mental function for daily living even for those receiving an integrated homecare service in the community. It implies that an unmet healthcare need existed when comparing the service scope of the current homecare services in the community. It also highlighted the need for targeted prevention and intervention initiatives among community-dwelling old adults to alleviate social isolation for better health and good functioning in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Lai-Yi Wong
- Center for Health Systems and Policy Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Center for Health Systems and Policy Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Annie Wai-Ling Cheung
- Center for Health Systems and Policy Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hera Hiu-Wah Leung
- Department of Management Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Frank Youhua Chen
- Department of Management Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Eng-Kiong Yeoh
- Center for Health Systems and Policy Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Kim E, Kim HJ, Lee DH. The characteristics and effects of suicide attempters' suicidality levels in gender differences. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16662. [PMID: 37274666 PMCID: PMC10238924 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The causal reasons for gender differences in suicide attempt and suicide death have been addressed by previous studies: Some emphasized suicidal intent, while others focused on method lethality. The present study is to examine the effects of suicidality levels defined as severity of intent and method lethality on gender differences. Methods The data were collected through Korea Foundation for Suicide Prevention (KFSP). Trained interviewers categorized a total of 1,269 patients' responses to questions regarding death wishes and the chosen methods: 1) severe (29.1%), 2) moderate (31.3%), and 3) mild (39.6%), and looked into their characteristics and risk factors related to gender. Results The severe group showed no gender differences in the choice of lethal methods, that is 59.4% men and 46.9% women used fatal methods such as hanging or chemical poisoning (p = 0.075). In contrast, moderate and mild groups showed gender differences (p = 0.001, respectively). Most women in the moderate group chose drug poisoning (69.1%) rather than hanging (1.0%) or pesticide poisoning (3.9%). The mild group showed similar results. Conclusion The present study examined the contrasting effects of suicidality levels on gender differences in suicide attempts: The severe group fail to reach significant differences, whereas the other two groups did. The future study on suicide attempt should be focused on the severe group whose characteristics were much closer to the actual suicide. The present findings have useful implications for gender-free prevention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Duk Hee Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Cremone IM, Nardi B, Amatori G, Palego L, Baroni D, Casagrande D, Massimetti E, Betti L, Giannaccini G, Dell'Osso L, Carpita B. Unlocking the Secrets: Exploring the Biochemical Correlates of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1600. [PMID: 37371695 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Involving 1 million people a year, suicide represents one of the major topics of psychiatric research. Despite the focus in recent years on neurobiological underpinnings, understanding and predicting suicide remains a challenge. Many sociodemographical risk factors and prognostic markers have been proposed but they have poor predictive accuracy. Biomarkers can provide essential information acting as predictive indicators, providing proof of treatment response and proposing potential targets while offering more assurance than psychological measures. In this framework, the aim of this study is to open the way in this field and evaluate the correlation between blood levels of serotonin, brain derived neurotrophic factor, tryptophan and its metabolites, IL-6 and homocysteine levels and suicidality. Blood samples were taken from 24 adults with autism, their first-degree relatives, and 24 controls. Biochemical parameters were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Suicidality was measured through selected items of the MOODS-SR. Here we confirm the link between suicidality and autism and provide more evidence regarding the association of suicidality with increased homocysteine (0.278) and IL-6 (0.487) levels and decreased tryptophan (-0.132) and kynurenic acid (-0.253) ones. Our results suggest a possible transnosographic association between these biochemical parameters and increased suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mirko Cremone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Nardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Amatori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lionella Palego
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Baroni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Danila Casagrande
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Massimetti
- ASST Bergamo Ovest, SSD Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Service, 24047 Treviglio, Italy
| | - Laura Betti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Carpita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Misiak B, Szewczuk-Bogusławska M, Samochowiec J, Moustafa AA, Gawęda Ł. Unraveling the complexity of associations between a history of childhood trauma, psychotic-like experiences, depression and non-suicidal self-injury: A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 337:11-17. [PMID: 37230261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported the association of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). It has been hypothesized that both constructs might share overlapping backgrounds. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between childhood trauma, depression, PLEs and lifetime characteristics of NSSI. METHODS Participants included individuals aged 18-35 years who had a negative history of psychiatric treatment. They were surveyed through the computer-assisted web interview. A network analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 4203 non-clinical adults (63.8 % females) were enrolled. The characteristics of NSSI and a history of childhood sexual abuse were the most central nodes in the network. A history of childhood sexual abuse was the only category of childhood trauma that was directly connected to the characteristics of NSSI (i.e., longer lifetime duration of NSSI). The shortest pathways from other categories of childhood trauma (emotional abuse, emotional neglect and bullying) were connected to the lifetime characteristics through the effects of sexual abuse. However, other pathways were also possible and converged on nodes representing persecutory thoughts, déjàvu experiences, psychomotor retardation/agitation and suicidal ideation. These psychopathological symptoms were the only nodes directly connected to the characteristics of NSSI (i.e., lifetime duration and a history of severe NSSI). LIMITATIONS The main limitations include the use of a non-clinical sample and cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support the hypothesis that PLEs and NSSI might be associated due to shared correlates. In other words, the associations of childhood trauma and PLEs with NSSI might be independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Psychology & Centre for Data Analytics, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Łukasz Gawęda
- Experimental Psychopathology Lab, Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Anwar S, Rana H. Spiritual intelligence and psychological wellbeing of Pakistani University students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37359633 PMCID: PMC10176278 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to find out the predictive role of spiritual intelligence for psychological wellbeing in university students and also to assess gender differences. For that reason, data of N= 250 (M age = 21.8; SD= 1.9) students of undergraduate programs was taken from different universities of Pakistan. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, data was collected online (google form) by using purposive sampling technique and sample was comprised of 77 men and 173 women. Spiritual Intelligence (King, 2008) and Ryff's 42-item Psychological Wellbeing Scale (Ryff, 1989, Muzzafar & Rana, 2019) were utilized for measuring variables of the study. Results were analyzed via SPSS (version 21), Hierarchical Regression and t-Test were carried out. The study results revealed that spiritual intelligence is a significant positive predictor of psychological wellbeing. It was also found that male students have high level of spiritual intelligence and psychological wellbeing in comparison to female students. Results of this study provide an implication for instructors as well as educationists to design activities which provide facilitation in increasing spiritual intelligence of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Clinical & Professional Psychology, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hina Rana
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Keshoofy A, Pearl DL, Lisnyj K, Thaivalappil A, Papadopoulos A. Risk and protective factors associated with hopelessness among Canadian postsecondary students. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37363764 PMCID: PMC10072026 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hopelessness has been linked to several negative mental health outcomes among young adults and the prevalence of it has increased in recent years. The aim was to identify factors associated with hopelessness among Canadian postsecondary students using a socioecological model as a framework. A set of factors for investigation were identified using previously published literature and proxy questions from the American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment II (n = 48,584). A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to examine these potential associations. Overall, modifiable factors such as belonging to a community, general health, academic performance, and life stressors were found to be associated with hopelessness. In contrast, hopelessness was also associated with some negative health outcomes: loneliness, depression, and suicide ideation. The findings provide preliminary evidence for integrating hope into well-being programming and campus-based interventions aimed at improving postsecondary student mental health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11469-023-01050-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aria Keshoofy
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - David L. Pearl
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON Canada
| | - Konrad Lisnyj
- Family Health Division, City of Hamilton Public Health Services, Hamilton, ON Canada
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Suicide, neuroinflammation and other physiological alterations. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023:10.1007/s00406-023-01584-z. [PMID: 36913003 PMCID: PMC10009854 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is considered one of the major public health problems worldwide, being the second leading cause of death in the 15-29 age group. It is estimated that every 40s someone in the world commits suicide. The social taboo surrounding this phenomenon as well as the fact that suicide prevention measures currently fail to avoid deaths from this cause, means that more research is needed to understand its mechanisms. The present narrative review on suicide tries to point out several important aspects, such as risk factors or the dynamics of suicide, as well as the current findings in the field of physiology that could offer advances in the understanding of suicide. Subjective measures of risk such as scales and questionnaires are not effective alone, whereas the objective measures can be addressed from physiology. Thus, an increased neuroinflammation in people who take their own lives has been found, with an increase in inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 and other cytokines in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid. Also, the hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and a decrease in serotonin or in vitamin D levels seems to also be involved. In conclusion, this review could help to understand which factors can trigger an increased risk of dying by suicide, as well as pointing out those alterations that occur in the body when someone attempt to commit suicide or succeeds in taking their own life. There is a need for more multidisciplinary approaches that address suicide to help to raise awareness of the relevance of this problem that causes the death of thousands of people every year.
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Holbrook EM, Zambrano CA, Wright CTO, Dubé EM, Stewart JR, Sanders WJ, Frank MG, MacDonald AS, Reber SO, Lowry CA. Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659, a Soil-Derived Bacterium with Stress Resilience Properties, Modulates the Proinflammatory Effects of LPS in Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065176. [PMID: 36982250 PMCID: PMC10049321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory conditions, including allergic asthma and conditions in which chronic low-grade inflammation is a risk factor, such as stress-related psychiatric disorders, are prevalent and are a significant cause of disability worldwide. Novel approaches for the prevention and treatment of these disorders are needed. One approach is the use of immunoregulatory microorganisms, such as Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659, which have anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and stress-resilience properties. However, little is known about how M. vaccae NCTC 11659 affects specific immune cell targets, including monocytes, which can traffic to peripheral organs and the central nervous system and differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages that, in turn, can drive inflammation and neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 and subsequent lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on gene expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages. THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into macrophages, exposed to M. vaccae NCTC 11659 (0, 10, 30, 100, 300 µg/mL), then, 24 h later, challenged with LPS (0, 0.5, 2.5, 250 ng/mL), and assessed for gene expression 24 h following challenge with LPS. Exposure to M. vaccae NCTC 11659 prior to challenge with higher concentrations of LPS (250 ng/mL) polarized human monocyte-derived macrophages with decreased IL12A, IL12B, and IL23A expression relative to IL10 and TGFB1 mRNA expression. These data identify human monocyte-derived macrophages as a direct target of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 and support the development of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 as a potential intervention to prevent stress-induced inflammation and neuroinflammation implicated in the etiology and pathophysiology of inflammatory conditions and stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M. Holbrook
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Cristian A. Zambrano
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Caelan T. O. Wright
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Dubé
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Jessica R. Stewart
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - William J. Sanders
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Matthew G. Frank
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Andrew S. MacDonald
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Stefan O. Reber
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), The Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center (RMRVAMC), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Senior Fellow, inVIVO Planetary Health, of the Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), West New York, NJ 07093, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-303-492-6029; Fax: +1-303-492-0811
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Roy B, Dwivedi Y. An insight into the sprawling microverse of microRNAs in depression pathophysiology and treatment response. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 146:105040. [PMID: 36639069 PMCID: PMC9974865 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress-related neuropathologies are pivotal in developing major depressive disorder (MDD) and are often governed by gene-regulatory changes. Being a stress-responsive gene-regulatory factor, microRNAs (miRNAs) have tremendous biomolecular potential to define an altered gene-regulatory landscape in the MDD brain. MiRNAs' regulatory roles in the MDD brain are closely aligned with changes in plasticity, neurogenesis, and stress-axis functions. MiRNAs act at the epigenetic interface between stress-induced environmental stimuli and cellular pathologies by triggering large-scale gene expression changes in a highly coordinated fashion. The parallel changes in peripheral circulation may provide an excellent opportunity for miRNA to devise more effective treatment strategies and help explore their potential as biomarkers in treatment response. This review discusses the role of miRNAs as epigenetic modifiers in the etiopathogenesis of MDD. Concurrently, key research is highlighted to show the progress in using miRNAs as predictive biomarkers for treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Kempter E, Amoroso M, Kupfer S, Lupu L, Kustermann M, Scheurer J, Baumann B, Wirth T, Gündel H, Straub RH, Strauß G, Huber-Lang M, Langgartner D, Reber SO. The PMN-MDSC - A key player in glucocorticoid resistance following combined physical and psychosocial trauma. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:148-161. [PMID: 36427809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-associated somatic and psychiatric disorders are often linked to non-resolving low-grade inflammation, which is promoted at least in part by glucocorticoid (GC) resistance of distinct immune cell subpopulations. While the monocyte/macrophage compartment was in the focus of many clinical and preclinical studies, the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in stress-associated pathologies and GC resistance is less understood. As GC resistance is a clear risk factor for posttraumatic complications in patients on intensive care, the exact interplay of physical and psychosocial traumatization in the development of GC resistance needs to be further clarified. In the current study we employ the chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) paradigm, a well-characterized mouse model of chronic psychosocial stress, to study the role of myeloid cells, in particular of MDSCs, in innate immune activation and GC resistance following combined psychosocial and physical (e.g., bite wounds) trauma. Our findings support the hypothesis that stress-induced neutrophils, polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs and monocytes/monocyte-like (MO)-MDSCs get primed and activated locally in the bone marrow as determined by toll-like receptor (TLR)2 upregulation and increased basal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro cell viability. These primed and activated myeloid cells emigrate into the peripheral circulation and subsequently, if CSC is accompanied by significant bite wounding, accumulate in the spleen. Here, PMN-MDSCs and monocytes/MO-MDSCs upregulate TLR4 expression, which exclusively in PMN-MDSCs promotes NF-κB hyperactivation upon LPS-stimulation, thereby exceeding the anti-inflammatory capacities of GCs and resulting in GC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kempter
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mattia Amoroso
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sandra Kupfer
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ludmila Lupu
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Monika Kustermann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jasmin Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernd Baumann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Wirth
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rainer H Straub
- Laboratory of Experimental Rheumatology and Neuroendocrine Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Strauß
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominik Langgartner
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan O Reber
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
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