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Borku AW, Utallo AU, Tora TT. The strategies pursued by urban households to cope with food insecurity: Insights from selected towns in Southern Ethiopia. Am J Hum Biol 2024:e24135. [PMID: 39003638 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Food security has become a major global concern, particularly in urban areas where households are struggling to address the issue of basic necessities mainly food that crucially dictates human health. Overcoming these challenges will require effective management mechanisms to inform policy interventions and enhance resilience at both local and global levels. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the coping strategies (CS) pursued by urban households in the Southern Ethiopia. Furthermore, the focus is on how households to cope with food insecurity and how using these strategies varies within households. METHODS A household survey questionnaire was conducted using a cross-sectional design, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. A total of 310 household heads were targeted for the required data acquisition with: The coping strategy index (CSI) to capture how people perceive and cope with food insecurity that threatens human health. RESULTS The results indicate that households used the top seven CS to address the problem of food insecurity: limiting the size of portions at mealtimes (83.9%), depending on less expensive or seasonal foods (68.1%), reducing adult consumption (66.1%), reducing the amount of food consumed (65.8%), purchasing food on credit (60.3%), renting household assets (54.8%), and migrating household members for wage labor (53.5%). CONCLUSION Moreover, the finding shows that the frequency of CS used by urban households in response to food insecurity is rated differently as never, rarely, sometimes, and more than 4 times per week. Therefore, targeted support programs for vulnerable groups should be implemented to ensure they receive adequate food during times of food insecurity wherein the victims' health status is imperatively to be bettered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Woru Borku
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Abera Uncha Utallo
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Thomas Toma Tora
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
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Bailey C, Lim SL. Investigating psychological mechanisms of self-controlled decisions for food and leisure activity. J Behav Med 2024; 47:458-470. [PMID: 38342789 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-024-00469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining a healthy body weight requires balancing energy intake and expenditure. While previous research investigated energy input or food decisions, little is known about energy output or leisure activity decisions. By combining experimental decision-making paradigms and computational approaches, we investigated the psychological mechanisms of self-controlled food and leisure activity decisions through the effects of reward-oriented and health-oriented preferences as well as body weight status, stress, and coping. Based on individual's responses, the self-controlled food and leisure activity choices were indexed as the proportions of "no" unhealthy but tasty (or enjoyable) (inhibitory self-control against short-term pleasure) and "yes" healthy but not tasty (or not enjoyable) responses (initiatory self-control for long-term health benefits). The successful self-control decisions for food and leisure activity were positively correlated with each other, r = 22, p < .01. In beta regression analyses, the successful self-controlled food decisions decreased as the taste-oriented process increased, β = - 0.50, z = -2.99, p < .005, and increased as the health-oriented process increased, β = 1.57, z = 4.68, p < .001. Similarly, the successful self-controlled leisure activity decisions decreased as the enjoyment-oriented process increased, β = - 0.79, z = -5.31, p < .001, and increased as the health-oriented process increased, β = 0.66, z = 2.19, p < .05. The effects of the other factors were not significant. Overall, our findings demonstrated the mutual interrelationship between food and leisure activity decision-making and suggest that encouraging health-oriented processes may benefit both energy input and expenditure domains and improve self-controlled choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Bailey
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 5030 Cherry St, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Seung-Lark Lim
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Missouri - Kansas City, 5030 Cherry St, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.
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Addison C, Jenkins B, White M. User Manual for Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form (CSI-SF)-The Jackson Heart Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:443. [PMID: 38673353 PMCID: PMC11050153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Researchers have asserted that patients who generally rely on powerful external sources to control their disorders can benefit from examining their coping mechanisms, which can potentially lead to a better understanding of the initiation and progression of some chronic diseases. By trusting their own internal powers and virtues, it is possible for some people to discover and navigate available strategies to balance and enhance their psycho-spiritual well-being and possibly their treatment and recovery. This review serves as a user manual for investigators who choose to use the CSI-SF to conduct their research on coping behaviors. The CSI-SF, which measures four coping strategies based on 16 items, was first assessed using the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort in 2007. The reliability and construct validity of the CSI-SF was also later assessed among hemodialysis patients across 13 countries. In this study, the CSI-SF was assessed to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring coping strategies. The CSI-SF serves the purpose of developing an inner voice that can assist with understanding how people cope with everyday life. The information gathered from the administration of the CSI-SF can inform investigators about environmental cues and triggers that can also impact individual health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifton Addison
- Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training and Education Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MI 39170, USA; (B.J.); (M.W.)
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Minaya I, Raine S, Levy A, O’Malley CB. Mental Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Aging Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Populations. Perm J 2024; 28:14-21. [PMID: 38155588 PMCID: PMC10940241 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/23.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic affected numerous subpopulations of people in unique ways. This study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health status of Broward County's aging lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) seniors and identified strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for interventions to enhance positive mental health outcomes. The study was performed from April 2021 through July 2021. METHODS Online surveys measuring anxiety, depression, social support, and resilience were delivered by email to 47 residents of Wilton Manors, Florida. Study data were collected and collated using research electronic data capture tools with bivariate analysis using the Mann-Whitney test and generalized linear regression. RESULTS Bivariate analysis showed that males scored significantly higher on the social interactions subscale of the Duke Social Support Index, indicating greater social support, yet there was not a significant difference with sexual orientation or living situation. Multivariate analysis revealed differences for several dependent variables including anxiety and depression reporting being lower in LGBTQ individuals. DISCUSSION This study provides important insight into specific mental health challenges faced by Broward County's LGBTQ seniors, which can be applied to other LGBTQ populations across the globe. CONCLUSION Using the results, targeted interventions can be developed to help improve mental health outcomes during periods of isolation for all individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliza Minaya
- Department of Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University, Dr Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Samuel Raine
- Department of Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University, Dr Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Arkene Levy
- Department of Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University, Dr Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Chasity B O’Malley
- Department of Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University, Dr Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
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Willy K, Meyer T, Eckardt L, Morina N. Selection of social comparison standards in cardiac patients with and without experienced defibrillator shock. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5551. [PMID: 38448440 PMCID: PMC10917798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) often report psychological distress. Literature suggests that patients with physical disease often compare their well-being and coping to fellow patients. However, we lack knowledge on social comparison among patients with ICD. In this study, we examined psychological distress and social comparison selection in patients with (ICD+) and without experienced ICD shocks (ICD-). We theorized that relative to ICD- patients, those with ICD+ display higher levels of psychological distress and thereby compare more frequently with fellow patients with more severe disease, but better disease coping and try to identify more strongly with these standards to improve their own coping. We recruited 92 patients with (ICD+, n = 38) and without an experienced ICD shock (ICD-, n = 54), who selected one of four comparison standards varying in disease severity and coping capacity. Relative to ICD-, ICD+ patients reported higher levels of device-related distress, but there were no significant differences in anxiety, depression, or quality of life. ICD+ patients selected more often comparison standards with poor coping and, irrespective of standard choice, displayed more negative mood following comparison. Our results show that ICD+ patients tend to perform unfavorable comparisons to fellow patients, which might explain higher psychological distress and worse coping. These findings warrant further research into social comparison as a relevant coping mechanism in ICD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Willy
- Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology II, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Thomas Meyer
- Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lars Eckardt
- Department of Cardiology II, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nexhmedin Morina
- Institute of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Merino-Soto C, Livia-Segovia J, Aguirre-Morales M, Toledano-Toledano F. Validity evidence for the coping strategy indicator-short version (CSI-S) among psychology students. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5441. [PMID: 38443528 PMCID: PMC10914775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The abbreviated measurement of coping strategies is useful for monitoring and identifying the effects of stress. The Coping strategy indicator-Short version (CSI-S, including the dimensions of seeking support, problem solving and avoidance strategies) is a new adaptation of the full version of this indicator, and additional evidence of its validity is needed. Psychology students (n = 125) from a public university in Lima, Peru, were recruited to help provide such evidence of validity in terms of internal structure, reliability and associations with other variables (perceived stress and general efficacy in cope with difficulties), which were evaluated using nonparametric item response theory procedures. Support-seeking and problem-solving items from the Mokken scale and the avoidance scale exhibited limitations. The correlations between the scales were moderate or low and exhibited theoretical consistency, and the relationship with perceived stress highlighted the predictive capacity of avoidance and problem-solving strategies. In general, the CSI-S exhibits suitable psychometric properties; however, the avoidance score requires further examination or reconstruction of its items.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Merino-Soto
- Instituto de Investigación en Psicología, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Surquillo, Peru
| | | | | | - Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica, INDEHUS, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Schwartz SE, Ross SG, Bryant JA, Duncan JD. Mental and physical health among students at a private university that held in-person classes during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:587-597. [PMID: 35298366 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2052074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have serious negative consequences on mental and physical health, which may disproportionally affect young adults. The aim of this study was to understand short-term impacts on a population of students at a college that held in-person classes during the pandemic. PARTICIPANTS This study was conducted at a moderately-sized private university in the southeastern United States where approximately 75% of students were enrolled in undergraduate degree programs and 25% in graduate degree programs. METHODS A survey was created to assess anxiety and depression symptoms, psychotherapeutic medication use, healthy living, and coping skills. Links to the electronic form were distributed to students via email in Spring 2020 and Fall 2020. Participation was completely voluntary and responses were collected anonymously. RESULTS The rate of anxiety symptoms in the study cohort was higher than the national average (31%) and increased between Spring 2020 (39%) and Fall 2020 (50%). Rates of psychotherapeutic medication use also rose, with benzodiazepine use increasing from 6% to 11% and antidepressant use increasing from 16% to 20%. Compared to the national average, fewer students in the study cohort rated their overall health as "good" or better (72-76% vs. 82%). Physical exercise, nutrition, and alcohol use worsened between Spring and Fall 2020. Problem-focused engagement was associated with significantly fewer anxiety and depression symptoms. Demographic factors such as gender, race, and sexual orientation interacted with several outcomes studied. CONCLUSIONS Students at a private university that held in-person classes during the COVID-19 pandemic reported high rates of anxiety that increased between Spring and Fall 2020. Self-reported physical health was below average in Spring 2020 but improved in Fall 2020. Appropriate identification and management of the effects of pandemic-related stressors is critical during this uncertain time. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2022.2052074 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaina E Schwartz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, High Point University Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, One University Parkway, High Point, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah G Ross
- Department of Psychology, High Point University David R. Hayworth College of Arts and Sciences, One University Parkway, High Point, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph A Bryant
- Department of Clinical Sciences, High Point University Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, One University Parkway, High Point, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jenna D Duncan
- Department of Psychology, High Point University David R. Hayworth College of Arts and Sciences, One University Parkway, High Point, North Carolina, USA
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Sundas A, Sampath H, Lamtha SC, Soohinda G, Dutta S. Psychosocial quality-of-life correlates in functional gastrointestinal disorders. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2024; 89:11-18. [PMID: 35810093 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are complex illnesses characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, with no underlying organic pathology. They are common, chronic, recurrent, and disabling disorders that significantly impair quality of life (QoL). The aim of the present cross-sectional analytical study was to assess QoL and its correlates in adult patients with FGIDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional, observational, hospital-based study was conducted at the gastroenterology outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The ROME IV diagnostic criteria were used to identify the FGIDs. Anxiety, depression, coping strategies, social support, and QoL were assessed by the hospital anxiety and depression scale, the coping strategies inventory, the multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and the functional digestive disorders quality-of-life questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS Of the 52 consecutive patients diagnosed with FGIDs, functional dyspepsia (51.92%) and irritable bowel syndrome (40.38%) were the most common. There were no significant associations between sociodemographic variables (age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic status, educational level, employment, occupation, dietary pattern) and QoL scores (all p values >0.05). Duration and social support were not significantly associated with QoL (all p values >0.05). In contrast, psychological variables, such as disengagement coping (r=-0.344, p=0.012), depression (r=-0.600, p=0.000), and anxiety (r=-0.590, p=0.000), were significantly correlated with QoL. CONCLUSIONS Despite advances in neurogastroenterology, patients continue to be disabled by FGIDs. Psychological factors, especially depression, significantly contribute to poor QoL in those patients and should be addressed in a holistic, multidisciplinary way. The biopsychosocial framework, as it applies to FGIDs, should lead to the inclusion of psychosocial assessments in the clinical management and research of those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sundas
- Instituto Central de Psiquiatría, Ranchi, India
| | - H Sampath
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Central de Referencias, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas de Sikkim Manipal, Universidad de Sikkim Manipal, Gangtok, Sikkim, India.
| | - S C Lamtha
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Nuevo Hospital de Gobierno STNM, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - G Soohinda
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Central de Referencias, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas de Sikkim Manipal, Universidad de Sikkim Manipal, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - S Dutta
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Central de Referencias, Instituto de Ciencias Médicas de Sikkim Manipal, Universidad de Sikkim Manipal, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
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Cosh SM, McNeil DG, Tully PJ. Compulsive exercise and its relationship with mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in recreational exercisers and athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2023:S1440-2440(23)00086-5. [PMID: 37296060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Better understanding of compulsive exercise is needed in sports medicine. Whilst compulsive exercise may impact mental health, the limited research exploring the relationship between compulsive exercise and psychosocial outcomes is equivocal. The majority of studies have examined eating disorder populations where the eating disorder pathology might account for distress. This study explores relationships between compulsive exercise and mental health. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. METHODS Australian recreational exercisers and athletes (N = 1157; Mage 36.4, standard deviation = 12.9, 77 % female) recruited through sporting organisations, clubs, and gyms, completed measures of compulsive exercise, depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, social physique anxiety, and self-esteem. Regression analyses examined relationships between dimensions of compulsive exercise and wellbeing. RESULTS After adjustment for eating disorder symptoms and sporting level, compulsive exercise was associated with increased risk of clinically-significant anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. Compulsive exercise was also associated with lower life satisfaction and self-esteem, and higher social physique anxiety. Notably, different dimensions of compulsive exercise had varying relationships with outcomes, and avoidance and rule-driven behaviour and lack of exercise enjoyment were associated with poorer mental health and wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that compulsive exercise is uniquely associated with a range of psychosocial and mental health outcomes. Results support the need to improve identification and treatment of compulsive exercise in sport and exercise settings. Results highlight that mental health intervention is an important component of treatment, and treatments targeting symptoms related to avoidance and rule-driven behaviour, and anhedonia may be valuable treatment components for those with compulsive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Cosh
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Australia.
| | - D G McNeil
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Australia
| | - P J Tully
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Australia
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Wade SL, Sidol C, Babcock L, Schmidt M, Kurowski B, Cassedy A, Zhang N. Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial of SMART: An EHealth Intervention for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Pediatr Psychol 2023; 48:241-253. [PMID: 36565462 PMCID: PMC10027050 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of the SMART (Self-Management After Recent Traumatic brain injury) program and potential moderators. METHODS Parallel randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03498495) was conducted. Eligibility criteria included treatment for mild traumatic brain injury in the emergency department and age 11-18 years. Participants were assigned equally to SMART (n = 35) or usual care (UC; n = 36). SMART included symptom monitoring and online modules supporting the return to activities and symptom management. Coping and quality of life (QoL) (primary outcomes) and post-concussive symptoms (secondary outcome) were assessed at baseline and weekly for 4 weeks. RESULTS Groups did not differ in coping, QoL, or return to pre-injury symptom levels at any time point. Problem-focused engagement (PFE) moderated group differences over time (p = .02). At high PFE, UC participants reported lower QoL at time 1 (effect size [ES] = 0.60); SMART participants did not report a decline at any point. At low PFE, SMART participants reported declining QoL from pre-injury to time 1 (ES = 0.68), whereas UC participants reported an increase from time 1 to 3 (ES = 0.56). PFE also moderated group differences on the Health and Behavior Inventory (HBI) cognitive (p = .02) and somatic symptom scales (p = .05). At high PFE, SMART participants reported a more rapid return to pre-injury levels than UC participants (p = .05). Resilience also moderated group differences in QoL and HBI cognitive recovery. CONCLUSION Effectiveness of the SMART app varied based on preinjury coping styles and resilience, underscoring the potential need to tailor treatments to individual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari L Wade
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
- University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Craig Sidol
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
| | - Lynn Babcock
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
- University of Cincinnati, USA
| | | | - Brad Kurowski
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
- University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Amy Cassedy
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
- University of Cincinnati, USA
| | - Nanhua Zhang
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, USA
- University of Cincinnati, USA
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Hirai M, Vernon LL. Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Response to COVID-19–Related Adverse Events in Hispanic Individuals. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2022.2123136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Hirai
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Laura L. Vernon
- Wilkes Honors College, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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The co-moderating effect of social support and religiosity in the association between psychological distress and coping strategies in a sample of lebanese adults. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:61. [PMID: 36879325 PMCID: PMC9987350 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coping involves attempts to mitigate the negative repercussions of stressful situations including psychological distress. The aim of this study was to assess factors affecting coping and examine the role of social support and religiosity in moderating the association between psychological distress and coping strategies in a sample of Lebanese adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out between May and July 2022, enrolling 387 participants. The study participants were asked to complete a self-administered survey containing the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Arabic Version, the Mature Religiosity Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form. RESULTS Higher levels of social support and mature religiosity were significantly associated with higher problem- and emotion-focused engagement scores and lower problem- and emotion-focus disengagement scores. In people experiencing high psychological distress, having low mature religiosity was significantly associated with higher problem-focused disengagement, seen at all levels of social support. In people experiencing high psychological distress, having moderate mature religiosity was significantly associated with higher problem-focused disengagement, seen at both moderate and high levels of social support. CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel insight into the moderating effect of mature religiosity in the association between psychological distress and coping strategies affecting adaptive behavior to stress.
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A Comparison of Psychological Well-Being, Coping Strategies, and Emotional Problems Between Taiwanese and Australian Nursing Students. J Nurs Res 2023; 31:e264. [PMID: 36826356 DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing professional health courses have been reported to be very exhaustive and stressful, with most nursing students reporting moderate levels of stress. PURPOSE This study was designed to compare the spiritual well-being, coping strategies, psychological well-being, anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation between Taiwanese and Australian nursing students. METHODS Three hundred eighty-one nursing students (180 from Taiwan and 201 from Australia) were recruited for this cross-sectional comparative research study. The Psychological Well-being Scale, Spiritual Well-being Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory Short-Form, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Zung Depression Scale, and Brief Screen for Adolescent Depression Scale were used to collect data. SPSS 27.0 was used for data analysis. Descriptive data analysis, chi-square tests, independent t test, Pearson correlations, and stepwise multiple regressions were used to examine the research questions. RESULTS Students in Australia had higher mean scores than Taiwanese nursing students for psychological well-being, life satisfaction/self-actualization, and using problem-focused disengagement coping strategies, whereas Taiwanese students had higher mean scores for using emotion-focused engagement coping strategies and depression than their Australian nursing students. Spiritual well-being and problem-focused disengagement were shown to be significantly and positively related to psychological well-being and significantly and negatively related to anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in both groups. No significant difference between Australian students and Taiwanese students was found in anxiety, suicidal ideation, and negative-emotion-related alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The multiple regressions performed in this study support life satisfaction/self-actualization and the emotion-focused disengagement coping strategy as significant predictors of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in both student groups. The findings of this study help nursing program faculty better understand the key factors of influence on nursing student mental health and provide a conceptual framework for using problem-focused coping strategies and spiritual education on students.
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Hökby S, Westerlund J, Alvarsson J, Carli V, Hadlaczky G. Longitudinal Effects of Screen Time on Depressive Symptoms among Swedish Adolescents: The Moderating and Mediating Role of Coping Engagement Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3771. [PMID: 36834466 PMCID: PMC9963273 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that hourly digital screen time increases adolescents' depressive symptoms and emotional regulation difficulties. However, causal mechanisms behind such associations remain unclear. We hypothesized that problem-focused and/or emotion-focused engagement coping moderates and possibly mediates this association over time. Questionnaire data were collected in three waves from a representative sample of Swedish adolescents (0, 3 and 12 months; n = 4793; 51% boys; 99% aged 13-15). Generalized Estimating Equations estimated the main effects and moderation effects, and structural regression estimated the mediation pathways. The results showed that problem-focused coping had a main effect on future depression (b = 0.030; p < 0.001) and moderated the effect of screen time (b = 0.009; p < 0.01). The effect size of this moderation was maximum 3.4 BDI-II scores. The mediation results corroborated the finding that future depression was only indirectly correlated with baseline screen time, conditional upon intermittent problem-coping interference (C'-path: Std. beta = 0.001; p = 0.018). The data did not support direct effects, emotion-focused coping effects, or reversed causality. We conclude that hourly screen time can increase depressive symptoms in adolescent populations through interferences with problem-focused coping and other emotional regulation behaviors. Preventive programs could target coping interferences to improve public health. We discuss psychological models of why screen time may interfere with coping, including displacement effects and echo chamber phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hökby
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Centre for Health Economics, Informatics and Health Services Research (CHIS), Stockholm Health Care Services, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Westerlund
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Centre for Health Economics, Informatics and Health Services Research (CHIS), Stockholm Health Care Services, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Alvarsson
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Centre for Health Economics, Informatics and Health Services Research (CHIS), Stockholm Health Care Services, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Södertörn University, 141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Carli
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Centre for Health Economics, Informatics and Health Services Research (CHIS), Stockholm Health Care Services, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gergö Hadlaczky
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention (NASP), Centre for Health Economics, Informatics and Health Services Research (CHIS), Stockholm Health Care Services, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Awad E, Fawaz M, Hallit S, Obeid S. The moderating effect of emotion regulation in the association between coping strategies and resilience in Lebanese adults. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:296. [PMID: 36494760 PMCID: PMC9734639 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-01019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form and investigate the relationship between coping strategies and resilience, taking into consideration the moderating role of emotion regulation. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out between May and July 2022. A total of 387 participants was recruited through convenience sampling through several areas in Lebanon governorates. The data was collected through an online questionnaire containing the following sections: sociodemographic information about the participants, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form. RESULTS The confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed the four-factor structure of the Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form, with no measurement invariance across gender. In individuals with high problem-focused engagement and emotion-focused engagement, lower expressive suppression was significantly associated with more resilience. In individuals with high problem-focused disengagement, having high expressive suppression was significantly associated with less resilience. CONCLUSION The current study provides novel and distinct findings regarding the relationship between emotion regulation, coping strategies and resilience in all of their dimensions. Furthermore, the present results provide insight on how a population under extreme stress receives and reacts to its reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Awad
- grid.411323.60000 0001 2324 5973Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Mirna Fawaz
- grid.18112.3b0000 0000 9884 2169Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tareek Al Jadida, Afeef Al Tiba, 1105 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- grid.444434.70000 0001 2106 3658School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon ,grid.512933.f0000 0004 0451 7867Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon ,grid.411423.10000 0004 0622 534XApplied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sahar Obeid
- grid.411323.60000 0001 2324 5973Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
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Pike C, Taylor AM, Cosh S. Compulsive Exercise, Exercise Identity, and Coping Styles. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SPORTPSYCHOLOGIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1026/1612-5010/a000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Compulsive exercise occurs among the general exercise population and is associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes. The current study explored compulsive exercise behavior regarding coping styles and its relationship to identity to improve our understanding of compulsive exercise among the general exercise population. A community sample of 1,209 adults (aged 18 – 89) with varied exercise levels completed an online survey. We examined the relationships between engagement and disengagement coping styles (as assessed by the Coping Strategy Inventory) and exercise identity (Exercise Identity Scale) with compulsive exercise (Compulsive Exercise Test) using correlation, regression, and moderation analyses. Emotion-focused engagement (β = .075, p < .01) and emotion-focused disengagement (β = .212, p < .001) coping styles significantly predicted compulsive exercise, as did exercise identity (β = .514, p < .001). Coping styles did not moderate the relationship between exercise identity and compulsive exercise behaviors. The results indicate that both adaptive and maladaptive emotion-based coping styles are associated with greater compulsive exercise behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Pike
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | | | - Suzanne Cosh
- School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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Evaluating Levels of Community Participation in a University-Community Partnership: The Jackson Heart Study. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10040068. [PMID: 36278567 PMCID: PMC9589967 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10040068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This research was designed to evaluate the perceptions of the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) community relating to their levels of involvement in JHS activities that were developed to address health disparities and promote health education and health promotion. Methods: The participants for this study comprised 128 community members, who included JHS participants, as well as family members and other friends of the JHS who resided in the JHS community of Hinds, Madison, and Rankin Counties in Mississippi and attended the JHS Annual Celebration of Life. We used the Chi-Square test to analyze the participants’ responses to the survey questions developed to address the six areas of focus: (1) ways to increase participation in community outreach activities; (2) reasons for participating in community outreach activities; (3) interest in research participation; (4) factors influencing engagement; (5) Participants’ preferences for communicating; (6) Chronic disease prevalence. Results: Participants residing in rural counties perceived television and radio as a medium to increase participation; More female respondents cited trust working with the JSU JHS Community Outreach Center (CORC) as a reason for remaining engaged in the community outreach activities; younger participants under 66 years of age recommended social media as a way to increase participation; participants residing in the rural areas saw their participation in the community outreach activities as a way to address community health problems. Conclusions: The knowledge gained from the details provided by the JHS community members can be used to refine research studies in existence, while promoting their sustainability.
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Listiawan MY, Sigit Prakoeswa CR, Alinda MD, Kusumaputra BH, Hartanto F, Nasir A, Yusuf A. The Stress of Leprosy as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Coping Resources, Coping Strategies, and Psychological Well-Being in Persons Affected by Leprosy. The Structural Equation Models Through a Correlation Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:2189-2202. [PMID: 36200001 PMCID: PMC9528912 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s382723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intoduction Psychological strength plays an important role in reducing stress due to leprosy because leprosy can cause physical, psychological, and social problems. For that reason, this study aims to investigate the relationship between coping sources, coping strategies, and psychological well-being through leprosy stress. Methods This research instrument uses a stress perception scale, coping sources, coping strategies, and psychological well-being scale to collect data from 125 participants consisting of women (33.60%) and men 66.40%. The test analysis in this study uses SmartPLS through structural equation modeling to prove the correlation. Results The results of the SEM test indicate that there is a negative relationship between coping resources and leprosy stress, with a coefficient value of (−0.380), p-value of (0.000) <0.05, and a positive relationship is obtained with psychological well-being with the coefficient value of (0.427), p-value of (0.000) <0.05. Meanwhile, the SEM test shows a negative relationship between coping strategies and stress of leprosy, with the coefficient of (−0.566), p-value of (0.000) <0.05, and a positive relationship is obtained with psychological well-being (0.355), p-value of (0.000) < 0.05. Furthermore, on psychological well-being, stress shows a negative relationship, with the coefficient of (−0.212), p-value of (0.002). Discussion Exploration of important coping sources is done to weaken the power of leprosy as a stressor and the use of effective coping strategies is needed to solve physical, psychological, and social problems for “People Affected by Leprosy”, and simultaneously these two attributes are used to achieve prosperity. psychological. better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan
- Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Muhammad Yulianto Listiawan, Email
| | | | | | | | - Felix Hartanto
- Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Abd Nasir
- Faculty of Vocational Studies, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Faculty of Nursing, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ah Yusuf
- Faculty of Nursing, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Gugiu PC, Drew D, Polek E. A Critical Appraisal of the Evidence Supporting the Factor Structure of Extant Coping Instruments. Eval Health Prof 2022; 45:235-248. [PMID: 35507521 DOI: 10.1177/01632787221084773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper evaluated the evidence supporting the factor structure of extant coping instruments based on modern psychometric standards. Our literature search identified nine coping instruments that are routinely used to measure coping strategies in adult populations. While nearly 10 thousand papers have been published using these instruments, only 39 studies have investigated their psychometric validity. Our findings revealed that the majority of these studies did not follow current psychometric recommendations for establishing internal validity in part because they did not account for the ordinal nature of the data. Further, studies employing exploratory factor analysis used methods for identifying the number of factors to retain that have been found to have a low accuracy in a simulation study while those employing confirmatory factor analysis reported model fit statistics that did not meet widely accepted benchmarks. Hence, conflicting results were found within and across the nine coping instruments. Recommendations are made for improving future validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cristian Gugiu
- Formerly of the Department of Quantitative Sciences, Clinical Outcomes Solutions Ltd, Chicago, IL, USA13498
| | - Damon Drew
- Department of Educational Studies, 142696Ohio State University College of Education and Human Ecology, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ela Polek
- Department of Quantitative Sciences, 420458Clinical Outcomes Solutions Ltd, Folkestone, UK
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20
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Schmidt M, Babcock L, Kurowski BG, Cassedy A, Sidol C, Wade SL. Usage Patterns of an mHealth Symptom Monitoring App Among Adolescents With Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2022; 37:134-143. [PMID: 35125434 PMCID: PMC9203862 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand usage patterns of SMART (Self-Monitoring Activity Regulation and Relaxation Treatment) mHealth app among adolescents with acute mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) and to identify individual characteristics that influenced app usage. METHODS SETTING Emergency departments of tertiary care children's medical center. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 11 to 18 years with mTBI in the past 2 weeks, English-speaking, no evidence of severe TBI, and no preexisting neurological impairment. DESIGN Nested cohort of the intervention arm of a randomized clinical trial (n = 34). MHEALTH APP INTERVENTION SMART was a month-long educational program on mTBI designed to promote self-monitoring and management of recovery. SMART included digital symptom and activity self-monitoring surveys, feedback on symptom changes, and 8 modules providing psychoeducation, strategies for symptom management, and training in active problem solving. MAIN MEASURES App usage time, navigation, and interaction data were automatically collected. Usage involved inputting symptom ratings/activities and reviewing modules. Patterns of symptom/activity reporting and completion of learning modules data were analyzed. Predictors of app utilization, including individual characteristics, resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), and coping (Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form), were analyzed using Spearman correlations. RESULTS Participants completed symptom monitoring an average of 9 days over the month. Participants completed an average of 1.87 learning modules out of 7. Parent income and education, comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and emotional engagement coping style predicted symptom monitoring. Parental income, comorbid ADHD, and greater reliance on emotional engagement coping predicted module completion. SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE EVENTS None. CONCLUSION Adolescents of higher socioeconomic status and those who manage their emotions using active engagement spent more time on both components of the SMART program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Schmidt
- Educational Technology, College of Education, University of Florida, Gainesville (Dr Schmidt); Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (Drs Babcock, Kurowski, Cassedy, Sidol, and Wade), Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine (Drs Kurowski and Wade), and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine (Dr Kurowski), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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21
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Schrager SM, Mamey MR, Rhoades H, Goldbach JT. Adolescent stress experiences over time study (ASETS) protocol: design and methods of a prospective longitudinal study of sexual minority adolescents in the USA. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054792. [PMID: 35264352 PMCID: PMC8915334 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual minority adolescents (SMA) report higher rates of anxiety, self-harm, depression and suicide than heterosexual peers. These disparities appear to persist into adulthood and may worsen for certain subgroups, yet the mechanisms that drive these concerns remain poorly understood. Minority stress theory, the predominant model for understanding these disparities, posits that poorer outcomes are due to the stress of living in a violently homophobic and discriminatory culture. Although numerous studies report associations between minority stress and behavioural health in adolescence, no study has comprehensively examined how minority stress may change throughout the course of adolescence, nor how stress trajectories may predict health outcomes during this critical developmental period. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Between 15 May 2018 and 1 April 2019, we recruited a US national sample of diverse SMA (n=2558) age 14-17 through social media and respondent-driven sampling strategies. A subset of participants (n=1076) enrolled in the longitudinal component and will be followed each 6 months until 1 July 2022. Primary outcomes include symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder; suicidality and self-harm and substance use. The key predictor is minority stress, operationalised as the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory. We will use parallel cohort-sequential latent growth curve models to test study hypotheses within a developmental framework. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION All participants provided assent to participate, and longitudinal participants provided informed consent at the first follow-up survey after reaching age 18. All study procedures were reviewed and approved by the University of Southern California Social-Behavioral Institutional Review Board, including a waiver of parental permission given the potential for harm due to unintentional 'outing' to a parent during the consent process. The final anonymous data set will be available on request, and research findings will be disseminated through academic channels and products tailored for the lay community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheree M Schrager
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California, USA
| | - Mary Rose Mamey
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Harmony Rhoades
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeremy T Goldbach
- The Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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22
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Chopra S, Ranjan P, Malhotra A, Sarkar S, Kumari A, Kaloiya GS, Dwivedi SN, Siddhu A, Vikram NK. Identification of instruments for evaluation of behavioural and psychological parameters associated with obesity management: A systematic review with narrative synthesis of the findings. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102350. [PMID: 34920204 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To identify instruments used to evaluate the predictors of successful weight loss across weight loss trials. METHODS We searched PubMed, PsychInfo, Cochrane Reviews and Scopus for weight loss trials reporting instruments published in the last 16 years. RESULTS A total of 46 significant behavioral and psychological predictors were identified, of which 32 instruments were finally selected. SF-36 questionnaire and Obesity Related Problem Scale for psychosocial health, TREMORE scale for motivation, Social Support Scale for support, Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Scale for self-efficacy and Body Shape Questionnaire for body image had moderate quality. Barriers to healthy eating questionnaire scale and Dutch Eating Behavior also had moderate quality. CONCLUSION Use of uniform instruments with optimum quality can benefit clinical and community-based researchers to generate reliable datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Chopra
- University of Delhi, Department of Home Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, New Delhi, India.
| | - Anita Malhotra
- Lakshmibai College, University of Delhi, Department of Home Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S N Dwivedi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Biostatistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupa Siddhu
- University of Delhi, Department of Home Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Naval K Vikram
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, New Delhi, India
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23
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Less is more. Discovering the latent factors of trait resilience. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2022.104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Franco H. Testing the impact of an online mindfulness program on prelicensure nursing students stress and anxiety. Nurs Forum 2021; 57:288-297. [PMID: 34842281 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fourth-year nursing students are under stress due to internal, external, and situational stressors. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an online mindfulness intervention on fourth-year nursing students' depression, anxiety, stress, and coping. METHODS Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping was used to guide the proposed intervention using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest one-group design. Students took the pretest at the start of the semester, 2 weeks later they started the intervention for 4 weeks. The posttest was administered 2 weeks after completion of the intervention. RESULTS Nursing students who completed the 4-week online mindfulness intervention reported decreased anxiety and stress. Open-ended questions revealed the intervention was beneficial, and the time spent practicing mindfulness was valuable. CONCLUSION The online mindfulness intervention resulted in lowered anxiety and stress in nursing students' engaged in clinical courses and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollis Franco
- Traditional Undergraduate Program, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Nursing, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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25
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Schwartzkopff L, Schüller J, Müller-Engelmann M. [Burn-On Instead of Burn-Out: Self-Care and Functional Coping Strategies Protect Psychotherapists from Psychological Stress During the Corona Pandemic]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2021; 72:131-138. [PMID: 34781381 DOI: 10.1055/a-1645-1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Due to the Corona pandemic, psychotherapists are confronted with new professional challenges. Regarding the patient care to be provided, the question of risk and protective factors for maintaining well-being during the pandemic appears relevant to prevent negative long-term consequences such as burnout. This is the first study investigating the influence of coping and self-care strategies on the psychological distress of psychotherapists in Germany during the Corona pandemic. METHODS From April to June 2020, 155 psychotherapists completed an online questionnaire. Additionally, to job related changes, stress level, symptoms of burnout and well-being were assessed. Furthermore, the influence of active and passive coping strategies as well as of different areas of self-care (e. g., professional support, cognitive awareness for work-related stress and work-life balance) on psychological burden was examined. RESULTS Psychotherapists worked an average of 1,22 hours less per week during the pandemic than before. On average, 38% of treatments were delivered via video therapy. Avoidant coping strategies were associated with increased stress levels, which predicted higher burnout scores and lower well-being. In contrast, a good work-life balance, a good daily balance at work and active coping had a positive effect. Contrary to expectation, cognitive awareness for work-related stress was related to lower well-being. DISCUSSION Work-life balance can serve as a preventive strategy to reduce stress during the Corona pandemic and thereby reduce the risk for burnout and improve well-being. Avoidant coping strategies, on the other hand, are a risk factor for increased stress levels during pandemic and promote burnout and lower well-being. CONCLUSION This study contributes to our knowledge regarding preventive measures to prevent stress and to maintain the well-being of psychotherapist in order to contribute to ongoing high quality patient care during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schwartzkopff
- Institut für Psychologie Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - Johanna Schüller
- Institut für Psychologie Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - Meike Müller-Engelmann
- Institut für Psychologie Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
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Guilt, Shame, and Empathy as Predictors of Coping Engagement among United States College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COUNSELLING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10447-021-09458-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Schachter AB, Argentieri MA, Seddighzadeh B, Isehunwa OO, Kent BV, Trevvett P, McDuffie M, Mandel L, Pargament KI, Underwood LG, McCray AT, Shields AE. R|S Atlas: Identifying existing cohort study data resources to accelerate epidemiological research on the influence of religion and spirituality on human health. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043830. [PMID: 34697108 PMCID: PMC8547361 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have documented significant associations between religion and spirituality (R/S) and health, but relatively few prospective analyses exist that can support causal inferences. To date, there has been no systematic analysis of R/S survey items collected in US cohort studies. We conducted a systematic content analysis of all surveys ever fielded in 20 diverse US cohort studies funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to identify all R/S-related items collected from each cohort's baseline survey through 2014. DESIGN An R|S Ontology was developed from our systematic content analysis to categorise all R/S survey items identified into key conceptual categories. A systematic literature review was completed for each R/S item to identify any cohort publications involving these items through 2018. RESULTS Our content analysis identified 319 R/S survey items, reflecting 213 unique R/S constructs and 50 R|S Ontology categories. 193 of the 319 extant R/S survey items had been analysed in at least one published paper. Using these data, we created the R|S Atlas (https://atlas.mgh.harvard.edu/), a publicly available, online relational database that allows investigators to identify R/S survey items that have been collected by US cohorts, and to further refine searches by other key data available in cohorts that may be necessary for a given study (eg, race/ethnicity, availability of DNA or geocoded data). CONCLUSIONS R|S Atlas not only allows researchers to identify available sources of R/S data in cohort studies but will also assist in identifying novel research questions that have yet to be explored within the context of US cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boonin Schachter
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Austin Argentieri
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Bobak Seddighzadeh
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Oluwaseyi O Isehunwa
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Blake Victor Kent
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael McDuffie
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Mandel
- Chesapeake Regional Information Systems for our Patients, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth I Pargament
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | - Lynn G Underwood
- Inamori International Center for Ethics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Alexandra E Shields
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Litam SDA, Ausloos CD, Harrichand JJS. Stress and Resilience Among Professional Counselors During the COVID‐19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2021; 99:384-395. [PMID: 35571009 PMCID: PMC9088614 DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Drach-Zahavy A, Goldblatt H, Admi H, Blau A, Ohana I, Itzhaki M. A multi-level examination of nursing students' resilience in the face of the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional design. J Adv Nurs 2021; 78:109-120. [PMID: 34212420 PMCID: PMC8446960 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aims To examine nursing students' stress and coping with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic through an ecological model of resilience. Specifically, to examine the relative contribution of different resilience levels in decreasing nursing students' strain symptoms: at the individual level, resilience trait; at the relational level, students' coping strategies; at the university level, nursing students' perceptions on their university's readiness to handle the virus outbreak; and at the national level, nursing students' trust in policymakers' decisions. Design The study used a cross‐sectional design. Methods Undergraduate students of five universities were recruited via an electronic link sent to their emails during the first months of the COVID‐19 outbreak: May–July 2020. Of them, 492 participants completed the research questionnaire. Results Hierarchical Regression Analysis revealed that nursing students' resilience, as a multi‐level factor, decreased the students' level of strain symptoms above and beyond their stress levels and control variables. Specifically, the nursing students' trait resilience, perceptions of their university's positive response to the pandemic and trust in their national policymakers were negatively associated with their strain symptoms. Conversely, disengagement‐in‐emotion coping strategies was positively associated with the students' strain symptoms. Conclusions Nursing students' resilience should be seen as a flexible resource that can be developed and influenced by their academic and clinical training, and by the intentions and actions of their university and the nursing administration at the Ministry of Health (MOH). Impact The findings call for the nursing administration at the MOH and for the university deans and department heads to prepare in advance a crisis plan that could be rapidly and effectively implemented when needed. Furthermore, topics such as developing flexible coping strategies should be integrated into the nursing curricula. These would allow students to prepare and cope better with adversity in their routine and in times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Drach-Zahavy
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hadass Goldblatt
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hanna Admi
- Nursing Department, Graduate Program, Yezreel Valley College, Jezreel Valley, Israel
| | - Ayala Blau
- Nursing Department, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Irit Ohana
- Nursing Department, Ramat Gan Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Itzhaki
- Nursing Department, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Stoliker BE, Vaughan AD, Collins J, Black M, Anderson GS. Building Personal Resilience following an Online Resilience Training Program for BScN Students. West J Nurs Res 2021; 44:755-764. [PMID: 33998338 DOI: 10.1177/01939459211017240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a self-paced online resilience training program on promoting personal resilience and positive coping styles, while reducing the severity of anxiety- and depression-related symptoms, in a sample of BScN students (N = 70) studying to become registered nurses. Using a repeated-measures research design, results indicate that scores on the measure of personal resilience significantly improved from baseline to post-training follow-up assessment. While scores on measures of positive coping and anxiety/depression shifted in the expected direction, these findings were not statistically significant. This study presents evidence to suggest that a self-paced online resilience training program may be an effective strategy for promoting personal resilience among nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce E Stoliker
- Office of Applied Research and Graduate Studies, Justice Institute of British Columbia, New Westminster, BC, Canada
| | - Adam D Vaughan
- School of Criminal Justice, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - John Collins
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Vancouver Community College, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Meridy Black
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Vancouver Community College, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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31
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Advocating for a Loved One in the Setting of Uncertainty: A Mixed-Methods Study Among Caregivers of Sepsis Survivors at the Point of a Sepsis Readmission. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2021; 40:36-50. [PMID: 33560634 DOI: 10.1097/dcc.0000000000000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trajectory of recovery after sepsis varies. Survivors may have considerable ongoing limitations, requiring a caregiver for a prolonged period. OBJECTIVES To learn about experiences, quality of life, coping, resilience, and social support of caregiver caring for survivors of sepsis. METHODS We conducted a convergent mixed-methods study, recruiting informal caregivers of patients who had survived sepsis in the past year and were readmitted to the intensive care unit with sepsis. Individual face-to-face, semistructured interviews and validated surveys on quality of life, coping, caregiver burden, resilience, and social support were administered to caregivers. Interview transcripts were analyzed using content analysis. Surveys were scored and summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Caregivers were primarily middle-aged, White, and female. Half were spouses of their care recipient. Caregivers reported some deficits in mobility, pain, and anxiety/depression. Coping styles varied, with engaged coping being more prevalent. Most caregivers reported mild to moderate burden, all reported either normal or high resilience levels, and types of social support were similar. However, interviews and survey findings were not always consistent. Major themes that emerged from the analysis included (1) advocating for and protecting their loved one, (2) coping with caregiving, (3) uncertain future, (4) rewards of caregiving, and (5) need to optimize communication with family. DISCUSSION Caregivers of sepsis survivors are protective of their care recipient and use a variety of strategies to advocate for their loved one and to cope with the uncertainty involved in a new intensive care unit admission. More advocacy and support are needed for this population.
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Fleming CJE, Lynch KA, Hakas MB, Belanger E. Resource Use After Unwanted Sexual Experiences in Undergraduates: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Factors Related to the Decision to Seek Help. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP3433-NP3452. [PMID: 29882454 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518780408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The risk for sexual victimization in college is high, and although there can be significant mental and physical consequences for the survivor, resource utilization for this issue is extremely low. The current study used the frameworks of both the ecological model and the theory of planned behavior to examine factors related to resource use in undergraduate survivors of unwanted sexual experiences. The sample consisted of 217 undergraduates who reported at least one unwanted sexual experience while in college (89% female, 76.5% Caucasian, M age 19.6). Data were collected in an online survey from a private liberal arts college, and were analyzed using decision tree modeling. Results suggested that resource use was less related to demographic or event characteristics, but rather related to victim response to the event as well as perceptions about control over potential resource use. In addition to key assault prevention efforts, it is thus important to also support survivor mental health and self-efficacy postassault.
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Addison C, Campbell Jenkins BW, White M, Thigpen-Odom D, Fortenberry M, Wilson G, McCoy P, Young L, Woodberry C, Herron K, Clark J, Payton M, LaVigne DA. Twenty Years of Leading the Way among Cohort Studies in Community-Driven Outreach and Engagement: Jackson State University/Jackson Heart Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020696. [PMID: 33467408 PMCID: PMC7830722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: History has recorded the tremendous concerns and apprehension expressed by African Americans about participating in research studies. This review enumerates the collaborative techniques that were utilized by the Jackson State University (JSU) Jackson Heart Study (JHS) community-focused team to facilitate recruitment and retention of the JHS cohort and to implement health education and health promotion in the JHS communities. Methods: This review describes the evolution of the JSU JHS community initiatives, an innovative community-driven operation, during the period 1999–2018. Results: JSU JHS community-focused investigators published approximately 20 manuscripts, including community-led research and publications with community lead authors and co-authors, research and publications in collaboration with other JHS staff, through other JSU-funded projects. The JSU JHS community-focused unit also initiated the JHS Community Training Activities, developed the Community Health Advisory Network (CHAN), and trained and certified 137 Community Health Advisors. In addition, the JSU JHS community-focused unit developed the Collaborative Community Science Model (CCSM) that symbolized its approach to community engagement and outreach, and a Trust Scale for ascertaining African Americans’ willingness to engage in biomedical research collaborations. Conclusion: This review offers educators, public health professionals, and research investigators a useful starting point for the development, selection, or improvement of techniques to motivate, inspire, and engage community residents in a community–academia partnership that yielded maximum benefits in the areas of health education, health promotion and interventions, and biomedical research. Substantial, meaningful community engagement is possible when prioritizing elimination of health disparities and long-term improvement in health care access in the target populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifton Addison
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-601-979-8765
| | - Brenda W. Campbell Jenkins
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Monique White
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Darcel Thigpen-Odom
- Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39213, USA;
| | - Marty Fortenberry
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Pamela McCoy
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Lavon Young
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Clevette Woodberry
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Kathryn Herron
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Jermal Clark
- Jackson Heart Study, Community Outreach Center, Community Representative, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA;
| | - Marinelle Payton
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
| | - Donna Antoine LaVigne
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, 350 West Woodrow Wilson Drive, Suite 2900B, Jackson, MS 39213, USA; (B.W.C.J.); (M.W.); (M.F.); (G.W.); (P.M.); (L.Y.); (C.W.); (K.H.); (M.P.); (D.A.L.)
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Goldstein E, Benton SF, Barrett B. Health Risk Behaviors and Resilience Among Low-Income, Black Primary Care Patients: Qualitative Findings From a Trauma-Informed Primary Care Intervention Study. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2020; 43:187-199. [PMID: 32324650 PMCID: PMC7988480 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study describes an intervention with low-income, Black primary care patients and their experience in changing a health risk behavior. Participant themes, including behavioral coping, personal values, accomplishments and strengths, barriers and strategies, and social support, are understood in relationship to health behavior theories. Two structured interviews were conducted 1 month apart. Content analysis was used to analyze responses from 40 participants. Participants were well equipped with resilience-based coping, self-efficacies, and informal social networks despite economic and social disadvantages. Findings from this study have the potential to improve behavioral health coping and reduce racial inequities in health prevalent for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Goldstein
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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35
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Prochnow T, Oglesby L, Patterson MS, Umstattd Meyer MR. Perceived burnout and coping strategies among fitness instructors: a mixed methods approach. MANAGING SPORT AND LEISURE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2020.1825986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Prochnow
- Baylor University Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Waco, Texas
| | - Leslie Oglesby
- School of Health Professions, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Megan S. Patterson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Yeh PM, Waters G. Path Analysis Testing the Development of Personality and Psychological Well-being Model. West J Nurs Res 2020; 43:25-35. [PMID: 32508283 DOI: 10.1177/0193945920932559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to test the development of personality and psychological well-being model. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive design. The 448 participants were recruited from older adults living in a Midwest community in the United States. After Institution of Research Board approval, the trained researchers explained this study to older adults who lived in the community. After agreeing to participate, they signed an informed consent form. The structured questionnaires were used to perform data collection. Path analysis was used to examine this model. SPSS 23 version was employed to examine the instruments' reliabilities and descriptive data. In this model, family interaction and spiritual well-being had significant influences on personality, which had a significant influence on selecting coping strategies. Using different coping strategies influenced on the outcome variables (e.g., psychological well-being and suicidal ideation). The family interaction and spiritual well-being played a critical role on the outcome variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Ming Yeh
- School of Nursing and Health Professionals, Missouri Western State University, Saint Joseph, MO, USA
| | - Gavin Waters
- Department of Mathematics, Missouri Western State University, Saint Joseph, MO, USA
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Obeid S, Haddad C, Salame W, Kheir N, Hallit S. Correlates of Homophobic Attitudes in Lebanon: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2020; 67:844-862. [PMID: 30676932 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2018.1557954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To assess homophobic attitudes toward gay and lesbian persons and examine how those negative attitudes contributed to risk factors that may impact gay and lesbian persons among a sample of Lebanese individuals. A cross-sectional study, conducted between March and July 2017, enrolled 400 participants aged between 15 and 80 years. 129 (32.3%) of the participants had severe homophobic attitudes. An increase in intense homophobia would significantly increase the odds of emotion focused engagement and decrease the problem focused engagement (Beta = 1.05 and Beta = -1.19, respectively). A stepwise linear regression, using the total homophobia score as the dependent variable showed that knowing someone gay (Beta = -12.97), university education level (Beta = -14.93), high monthly income (Beta = -4.33), and higher problem-focused engagement subscale (Beta = -0.54) would significantly decrease the total homophobic score. Our study supports the prevalence of homophobia among people in Lebanon. Understanding the correlation factors and predict discriminative attitudes can be of great help for policymakers when it comes to approaching the problem of homophobia with evidence-based solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University, Kaslik, Lebanon
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Wael Salame
- Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Universite de la Sainte Famille, Batroun, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
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Subramanian K, Menon V, Sarkar S, Chandrasekaran V, Selvakumar N. Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2020; 11:291-298. [PMID: 32367986 PMCID: PMC7195972 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Suicide is the leading contributor to mortality in bipolar disorder (BD). A history of suicidal attempt is a robust predictive marker for future suicide attempts. Personality profiles and coping strategies are the areas of contemporary research in bipolar suicides apart from clinical and demographic risk factors. However, similar research in developing countries is rarer.
Objectives
The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with suicidal attempts in BD type I (BD-I).
Materials and Methods
Patients with BD-I currently in clinical remission (
N
= 102) were recruited. Sociodemographic details and the clinical data were collected using a semistructured pro forma. The psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. The National Institute of Mental Health–Life Chart Methodology Clinician Retrospective Chart was used to chart the illness course. Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form, Buss–Perry aggression questionnaire, Past Feelings and Acts of Violence, and Barratt Impulsivity scale were used to assess the patient’s stress scores, coping skills, aggression, violence, and impulsivity, respectively.
Statistical Analysis
Descriptive statistics were used for demographic details and characteristics of the illness course. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors for lifetime suicide attempt in BD-I.
Results
A total of 102 patients (males = 49 and females = 53) with BD-I were included. Thirty-seven subjects (36.3%) had a history of suicide attempt. The illness course in suicide attempters more frequently had an index episode of depression, was encumbered with frequent mood episodes, especially in depression, and had a higher propensity for psychiatric comorbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) for predicting a suicide attempt were highest for positive family history of suicide (OR: 13.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–145.38,
p
= 0.030), followed by the presence of an index depressive episode (OR: 6.88, 95% CI: 1.70–27.91,
p
= 0.007), and lower scores on problem-focused disengagement (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92,
p
= 0.009).
Conclusion
BD-I patients with lifetime suicide attempt differ from non-attempters on various course-related and temperamental factors. However, an index episode depression, family history of suicide, and lower problem-focused engagement can predict lifetime suicide attempt in patients with BD-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthick Subramanian
- Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be University), Puducherry, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Hequembourg AL, Blayney JA, Livingston JA, Bostwick W, Auerbach S. A mixed methods investigation of sexual victimisation and coping among sexual minority compared to heterosexual women. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2019.1678193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Hequembourg
- School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jessica A. Blayney
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Livingston
- School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Wendy Bostwick
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samantha Auerbach
- School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Pillai AG, Menon V, Satheesh S. Prevalence and Correlates of Type D Personality among Survivors following Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Tertiary Care Center in South India. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 10:405-412. [PMID: 31595111 PMCID: PMC6779553 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type D personality, described as a consistent tendency to experience increased levels of social inhibition and negative affectivity, has a robust association with negative outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). However, little is known about its determinants in our setting. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and correlates of Type D personality among survivors following acute MI (AMI). Methods Two hundred participants with AMI were recruited over an 18-month period. Type D scale-14 was used to evaluate the presence of Type D personality. Apart from sociodemographic factors, depression, anxiety, stress, coping, personality, quality of life, and perceived social support were assessed using standard measures. Results Type D personality was present in 24% of samples ( n = 48). In multivariate Poisson regression analysis, younger age (prevalence ratio [PR]: 0.950, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.927-0.974), high depression (PR: 1.372, 95% CI: 1.216-1.548), and low family support (PR: 0.898, 95% CI: 0.849-0.949) emerged as independent predictors of Type D personality in participants with AMI. Conclusion Type D personality is seen in a significant proportion of AMI, consistent with global literature. Our findings suggest that among Indian patients with AMI, the presence or absence of Type D personality may represent two distinct subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Gangadharan Pillai
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Santhosh Satheesh
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Kattimani S, Sarkar S, Menon V, Muthuramalingam A, Nancy P. Duration of suicide process among suicide attempters and characteristics of those providing window of opportunity for intervention. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 7:566-570. [PMID: 27695238 PMCID: PMC5006470 DOI: 10.4103/0976-3147.185505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is limited cross-cultural literature on the duration of suicide process among attempters. Aims: The primary aim was to assess the duration of suicide process among suicide attempters attending the Crisis Intervention Clinic. We also aimed to identify the characteristics of those who reported a longer duration for this process. Methods: In this retrospective record-based study, we collected the duration of the suicidal process from the records of all the suicide attempters evaluated over a 3-year period (n = 319). Attempters were divided into four groups based on the quartile value of the duration of the suicidal process. For analysis, the characteristics of those in the last quartile with suicide process time of >120 min (n = 75) were compared with those in the first three (n = 244). Those in the last quartile were considered to provide a window of opportunity for intervention. Results: The median time for the suicidal process was 30 min (interquartile range of 5 min to 120 min). Seventy-five (23.5%) subjects belonged to the fourth quartile (duration of suicide process >120 min). A significant proportion of them came from urban areas (P = 0.011), had a diagnosis of mood disorder (P = 0.028), had visited a health professional in the recent past (P = 0.015), and had lower rates of attempt under intoxication (P = 0.005). A lesser proportion of them showed problem-focused disengagement style of coping strategy (P = 0.015). Conclusions: The suicide process time among Indian suicide attempters is short. However, a quarter of them has suicide process duration of 2 h which provides some scope for intervention. Individual and community level interventions need further evaluation for their potential efficacy in preventing the progress of the suicidal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanand Kattimani
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Avin Muthuramalingam
- Department of Psychiatry, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Madagadipet, Puducherry, India
| | - Premkumar Nancy
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Shanmugavinayagam A, Panneerselvam E, Jennifer HG, Thangaraju SI, Sethumadhavan V. A cross-sectional study on personality, coping strategies and quality of life of a single child and with siblings among undergraduate health profession students in Tamil Nadu. Ind Psychiatry J 2019; 28:248-254. [PMID: 33223719 PMCID: PMC7660009 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_46_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the years, there is an increase in the prevalence of single-child families due to the declining fertility rate, to improve socioeconomic status, and promotion of family planning policies. Studies from other countries revealed psychological issues in the single child; this study aims to determine the differences in personality, coping strategies, and quality of life (QOL) of single child and one among siblings group among undergraduate health professional students of an educational group in Tamil Nadu. METHODS A cross-sectional study design with universal sampling was used to collect data from 890 consenting undergraduate students. Instruments used were semi-structured pro forma to collect sociodemographic details, Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form, and WHOQOL-BREF. Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, percentages, and independent t-test along with Spearman's correlation tests were used to analyze data and compare groups. RESULTS A total of 863 study participants' data were included in the analysis. About 8.92% (n = 77) of participants were single child, and >87% were from urban background. About 47% of respondents were from medical. Single female child had higher mean extroversion scores and used problem-focused disengagement strategies than females with siblings. The number of siblings was negatively correlated with the disengagement score. No difference noticed in QOL domains between the groups. CONCLUSION This study did not find any significant difference in personality dimensions, coping strategies, and QOL between single child and those with siblings. However, a positive association was observed between extroversion, engagement coping strategies, and QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumuganathan Shanmugavinayagam
- Department of Psychiatry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mathuranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ezhilarasi Panneerselvam
- Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mathuranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H Gladius Jennifer
- Department of Community Medicine, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mathuranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siva Ilango Thangaraju
- Department of Psychiatry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mathuranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Sethumadhavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mathuranthagam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Brenner AB, Diez-Roux AV, Gebreab SY, Schulz AJ, Sims M. The Epidemiology of Coping in African American Adults in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 5:978-994. [PMID: 29218498 PMCID: PMC6060024 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Differences in coping within the African American population are not well understood, yet these differences may be critical to reducing stress, improving health, and reducing racial health disparities. Using a descriptive, exploratory analysis of the Jackson Heart Study (N = 5301), we examine correlations between coping responses and associations between coping and demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and neighborhood factors. Overall, coping responses were not strongly correlated and patterns of associations between covariates and coping responses were largely inconsistent. The results suggest that coping varies substantially within this African American population and is driven mainly by psychosocial factors such as spirituality and interpersonal support. Understanding these complex relationships may inform strategies by which to intervene in the stress process to mitigate the effects of stress on health and to identify vulnerable subgroups of African Americans that might need targeted interventions to reduce exposure to stressors and improve coping capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Brenner
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48106, USA.
| | - Ana V Diez-Roux
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Samson Y Gebreab
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy J Schulz
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 2822 SPH I, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 350 W. Woodrow Wilson Drive, Jackson, MS, 39213, USA
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Age at onset of first suicide attempt: Exploring the utility of a potential candidate variable to subgroup attempters. Asian J Psychiatr 2018; 37:40-45. [PMID: 30107315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our objective was to explore the utility of age at first suicide attempt in identifying subgroups of suicide attempters. METHODS In a retrospective study design, we collected information from the clinical charts of 895 patients assessed over a seven-year period. Admixture analysis was used to determine the best fitting theoretical model for distribution of age at first attempt that divided the sample. Subsequently, multivariate analysis was performed to identify variables that distinguished the subgroups identified. RESULTS The theoretical solution that best explained the observed distribution of age at first suicide attempt was a mixture of two Gaussian distributions with a cut-off of 31 years for the two subgroups. In logistic regression analysis, male gender (Odds ratios [OR] 3.047, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.818-5.106), fewer years of formal schooling (OR 3.384, 95% CI 1.701-6.734) and being married (OR 23.36, 95% CI 10.753-50.000), were more commonly associated with the late onset subgroup (age at first attempt >31 years). Further, the late onset subgroup had poorer global functioning (OR 0.980, 95% CI 0.962 to 0.998). CONCLUSION Age at onset of first suicide attempt is a useful candidate marker to delineate an early and late onset subgroup among suicide attempters. These results are likely to inform customization of suicide prevention strategies.
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Do coping strategies moderate the relationship between escapism and negative gaming outcomes in World of Warcraft (MMORPG) players? COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Shagiwal SS, Schop-Etman A, Bergwerff I, Vrencken W, Denktaş S. The BeHealthyR Study: a randomized trial of a multicomponent intervention to reduce stress, smoking and improve financial health of low-income residents in Rotterdam. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:891. [PMID: 30021551 PMCID: PMC6052714 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to higher socioeconomic status (SES) groups, those in lower SES groups are financially strained, experience higher rates of smoking-related morbidity, are in poorer health and have reduced life expectancy. This is especially true for the city of Rotterdam, where a large inequality in health is observed between low and high SES groups. The BeHealthyR study (Dutch: Grip en Gezondheid) is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) which will evaluate the impact of a theory-based multicomponent behavior intervention aiming to reduce stress, smoking, and improve financial health by means of a group-based stress management program combining cognitive and behavioral techniques, and nudges in low-SES residents living in Rotterdam. METHODS The BeHealthyR study is a three-arm RCT. Between February 2018 and July 2019, low-SES participants who perceive stress, smoke, are financially strained and reside in Rotterdam (one of the four largest cities in The Netherlands) are recruited. Subsequently, participants are randomly assigned to either a stress management condition (SM), stress management with a buddy condition (SM-B) or a control condition (CC). Participants in the SM and SM-B conditions will attend four weekly group sessions (1.5 h/session) and a follow-up session eight weeks later. The SM condition includes psychoeducation and exercises, and cognitive and behavioral intervention techniques. Demographic data and objective measures will be collected at baseline (T0), four weeks post-baseline (T1), and twelve weeks post-baseline (T2). Primary outcome measures are to reduce stress, smoking and improve financial health. We hypothesize that low-SES participants in the intervention conditions, compared with those in the control condition, will experience less stress, smoke less and have improved financial health. DISCUSSION This study is a group-based intervention which aims to investigate the effects of a theory-based behavioral change intervention employing several components on reducing stress, smoking, and improving financial health in low-SES residents living in Rotterdam. If effective, the findings from the present study will serve to inform future directions of research and clinical practice with regard to behavioral change interventions for low-SES groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03553979 ). Registered on January 1 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S. Shagiwal
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University College/Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Schop-Etman
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University College/Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Semiha Denktaş
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University College/Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Menon V, Shanmuganathan B, Thamizh JS, Arun AB, Kuppili PP, Sarkar S. Personality traits such as neuroticism and disability predict psychological distress in medically unexplained symptoms: A three-year experience from a single centre. Personal Ment Health 2018; 12:145-154. [PMID: 29148230 DOI: 10.1002/pmh.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) may have psychological co-morbidities. AIMS Our objectives were to assess the rates and identify correlates of psychological distress in MUS. METHODS A total of 171 subjects with MUS seeking treatment at a tertiary care facility were assessed over a 3-year period. Psychological distress was assessed using the Tamil version of General Health Questionnaire-12. Apart from socio-demographic factors, personality, coping, perceived social support and subjective disability were assessed using standard instruments. RESULTS Ninety subjects (52.6%) endorsed symptoms of psychological distress. MUS subjects with psychological distress reported higher levels of neuroticism (p < 0.001), lower extraversion (p < 0.001), lower perceived social support (p = 0.002), higher disability (p < 0.001), lower problem focused engagement (p = 0.378) and higher emotion focused engagement (p = 0.009). In multivariate analysis, high neuroticism scores (odds ratio 1.579, 95% CI 1.108 to 2.251) and high disability (odds ratio 1.302, 95% CI 1.147 to 1.478) emerged as independent predictors of psychological distress in MUS. CONCLUSION More than half of subjects with MUS have associated psychological distress. High levels of neuroticism and disability are potential markers of psychological distress in MUS. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Balasubramanian Shanmuganathan
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Jaiganesh Selvapandian Thamizh
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Anand Babu Arun
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Pooja Patnaik Kuppili
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence and Treatment Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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El-Shafei DA, Abdelsalam AE, Hammam RAM, Elgohary H. Professional quality of life, wellness education, and coping strategies among emergency physicians. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:9040-9050. [PMID: 29333570 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1240-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Professional quality of life (ProQOL) is affected by and affects professional well-being and performance. The objectives of this study are to identify risk factors of ProQOL among EM physicians in Zagazig University hospitals (ZUHs), to detect the relationship between ProQOL and coping strategies, and to measure the implication of the Worksite Wellness Education (WWE) program on improving knowledge skills, ProQOL, and coping. An intervention study was conducted among 108 EM physicians at ZUHs through two stages: assessing ProQOL subscales (CS, BO, and STS) and coping strategies and conducting the WWE program. A pre-post-test design was used in the evaluation. CS was higher among the older age group, smokers, nighttime sleepers, and hobbies' practitioners. Coping strategies carried out by EM physicians to overcome stress and their ProQOL scores were improved significantly post program. ProQOL has multiple factors that affect it. Applying the WWE program will address this concept and may raise awareness about how to cope with work stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A El-Shafei
- Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Amira E Abdelsalam
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rehab A M Hammam
- Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hayam Elgohary
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Tosangwarn S, Clissett P, Blake H. Predictors of depressive symptoms in older adults living in care homes in Thailand. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:51-56. [PMID: 29413072 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thai culture traditionally abhors elders living in care homes due to the belief that this represents a dereliction of filial piety by their children, thus care homes are stigmatized as the domain of poor older adults with no family. This may impact negatively on psychological wellbeing of residents, although little is known about the key factors influencing depressive symptoms. Therefore, this study explores factors associated with depressive symptoms, internalised stigma, self-esteem, social support and coping strategies among older adults residing in care homes in Thailand. METHOD/DESIGN A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted with 128 older residents recruited from two care homes in Northeast Thailand. Data were collected using the 15-Item Thai Geriatric Depression Scale, Internalised Stigma of Living in a Care Home Scale, Thai Version of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Thai Version of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Coping Strategies Inventory Short-Form. RESULTS Depressive symptoms were significantly correlated with internalised stigma, self-esteem and social support (r=0.563, -0.574 and -0.333) (p<0.001), respectively. Perceived internalised stigma of living in a care home was the strongest predictor of care home residents reporting depressive symptoms (odds ratio=9.165). DISCUSSION Older adults who perceived high internalised stigma of living in a care home were over nine times as likely to report experiencing depressive symptoms. Efforts to decrease or prevent perceived internalised stigma might help to reduce depressive symptoms. Interventions might include media collaboration, educational interventions in the care home setting and organising social activities for residents and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhathai Tosangwarn
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Ratchasima, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand; School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre (QMC), Nottingham, UK.
| | - Philip Clissett
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre (QMC), Nottingham, UK.
| | - Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre (QMC), Nottingham, UK.
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Whitebird RR, Kreitzer MJ, Vazquez-Benitez G, Enstad CJ. Reducing diabetes distress and improving self-management with mindfulness. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2018; 57:48-65. [PMID: 29064772 PMCID: PMC9083374 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2017.1388898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Stress associated with diabetes makes managing diabetes harder. We investigated whether mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) could reduce diabetes distress and improve management. We recruited 38 participants to complete an MBSR program. Surveys and lab values were completed at baseline and post-intervention. Participants showed significant improvement in diabetes-related distress (Cohen's d -.71, p < .002), psychosocial self-efficacy (Cohen's d .80, p < .001), and glucose control (Cohen's d -.79, p < .001). Significant improvements in depression, anxiety, stress, coping, self-compassion, and social support were also found. These results suggest that MBSR may offer an effective method for helping people better self-manage their diabetes and improve mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin R. Whitebird
- School of Social Work, University of St Thomas, 2115 Summit Ave SCB #106, St Paul, MN 55105, 651-962-5867
| | - Mary Jo Kreitzer
- Center for Spiritualty & Healing, University of Minnesota, C510 Mayo Memorial Bldg., MMC 505, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, 612-625-3977,
| | | | - Chris J. Enstad
- HealthPartners Institute, PO Box 1524, MS 21111R, Minneapolis, MN 55440-1524, 952-967-5007,
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