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Carvalho C, Moreira PI. MitoTempo protects against nε-carboxymethyl lysine-induced mitochondrial dyshomeostasis and neuronal cells injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:192-206. [PMID: 38734265 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is a pivotal factor in diabetes pathophysiology, increasing the risk of diabetic complications. Nε-carboxy-methyl-lysine (CML) is one of the most relevant AGEs found in several tissues including the peripheral blood of diabetic subjects. Despite recognizing diabetes as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and the documented role of mitochondrial abnormalities in this connection, the impact of CML on neuronal mitochondria and its contribution to diabetes-related neurodegeneration remain uncertain. Here, we evaluated the effects of CML in differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Due to the association between mitochondrial dysfunction and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the possible protective effects of MitoTempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, were also evaluated. Several parameters were assessed namely cells viability, mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, ATP and ROS production, Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, mito/autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and amyloidogenic and synaptic integrity markers. CML caused pronounced mitochondrial defects characterized by a significant decrease in mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, and ATP production and an increase in ROS production. An accumulation of individual mitochondria associated with disrupted mitochondrial networks was also observed. Furthermore, CML caused mitochondrial fusion and a decrease in mitochondrial mass and induced ER stress associated with altered unfolded protein response and Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Moreover, CML increased the protein levels of β-secretase-1 and amyloid precursor protein, key proteins involved in Alzheimer's Disease pathophysiology. All these effects contributed to the decline in neuronal cells viability. Notable, MitoTempo was able to counteract most of CML-mediated mitochondrial defects and neuronal cells injury and death. Overall, these findings suggest that CML induces pronounced defects in neuronal mitochondria and ER stress, predisposing to neurodegenerative events. More, our observations suggest that MitoTempo holds therapeutic promise in mitigating CML-induced mitochondrial imbalance and neuronal damage and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra (CNC-UC), Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (III), University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Paula I Moreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra (CNC-UC), Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Portugal; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Yang Y, Jia X, Yang X, Wang J, Fang Y, Ying X, Zhang M, Wei J, Pan Y. Targeting VDAC: A potential therapeutic approach for mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2024; 1835:148920. [PMID: 38599511 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), a protein located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, plays a critical role in regulating mitochondrial function and cellular energy metabolism. Recent studies have identified VDAC as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. This article aims to provide an overview of the role of VDAC in mitochondrial dysfunction, its association with Alzheimer's disease, and the potential of targeting VDAC for developing novel therapeutic interventions. Understanding the involvement of VDAC in Alzheimer's disease may pave the way for the development of effective treatments that can restore mitochondrial function and halt disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xiaotao Jia
- Department of Neurology, The Affifiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Xinmao Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Xiaoping Ying
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Meiqian Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yanfang Pan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
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Li M, Shen T, Yao R, Sun H, Liu X, Li Z, Zhang J. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with cognitive impairment in adults with OSA without dementia. Sleep Med 2024; 119:234-243. [PMID: 38704871 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Increased reactive oxygen species associated with loss of mitochondrial function affect synaptic activity, which is an important mechanism underlying cognitive decline. This study assesses the role of mitochondrial proteins in neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) on cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) without dementia. METHODS Analyses were conducted in 268 study participants with complete polysomnography data, cognitive tests, and important clinical data available. NDEs were isolated immunochemically for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantification of mitochondrial proteins, i.e., humanin and mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c (MOTS-c), and synaptic protein, i.e., neurogranin (NRGN). A mediation analysis of the relationship between sleep parameters and cognition was performed using humanin, MOTS-c, and NRGN values as a mediating factor. Twenty-two patients with moderate to severe OSA who received CPAP therapy were followed up, and humanin, MOTS-c and NRGN levels were reassessed after 1 year of treatment. RESULTS All participants were divided into the OSA + MCI group (n = 91), OSA-MCI group (n = 89), MCI group (MCI without OSA) (n = 38) and control group (normal cognitive state without OSA) (n = 50). The mean CD63-normalized NDE levels of humanin, MOTS-c, and NRGN in the OSA + MCI group were higher than those in the OSA-MCI and control groups. The NDE levels of humanin, MOTS-c, and NRGN in the MCI group were lower than those in controls. The odds of cognitive impairment in patients with OSA were higher with higher NDE levels of humanin, MOTS-c, and NRGN (odds ratio (OR): 2.100, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.646-2.679, P < 0.001; OR: 5.453, 95 % CI: 3.112-9.556, P < 0.001; OR: 3.115, 95 % CI: 2.163-4.484, P < 0.001). The impaired cognitive performance was associated with higher NDE levels of humanin (β: 0.505, SE: 0.048, P < 0.001), MOTS-c (β: 0.580, SE: 0.001, P < 0.001), and NRGN (β: 0.585, SE: 0.553, P < 0.001). The relationship between sleep parameters (mean SaO2 and T90) and MoCA scores was mediated by the NDE levels of humanin, MOTS-c, and NRGN with the proportion of mediation varying from 35.33 % to 149.07 %. Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed an area under the curve of 0.905 for humanin, 0.873 for MOTS-c, and 0.934 for NRGN to predict MCI in OSA patients without dementia. Increased humanin, MOTS-c, and NRGN levels significantly decreased after CPAP treatment. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in cognitive impairment in OSA patients without dementia, and mainly mediates the association between intermittent hypoxia and cognitive impairment in adults with OSA without dementia. Mitochondrial dysfunction can be partially reversible by CPAP treatment. Mitochondrial proteins can be used as markers of cognitive impairment in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Li
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Tengqun Shen
- Department of Resident Standardized Training Management, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Yao
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Hairong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China.
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Chen H, Xing H, Zhong C, Lin X, Chen R, Luo N, Chen L, Huang Y. METTL3 confers protection against mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in an Alzheimer disease mouse model by upregulating Mfn2 via N6-methyladenosine modification. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:606-614. [PMID: 38408379 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) has been found to be downregulated in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) but little is known about its roles in the pathogenesis of AD. We explored the mechanism of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of Mfn2 in hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction in an AD mouse model. APP/PS1 transgenic mice underwent stereotaxic injection of adeno-associated viruses and their behaviors were assessed. METTL3 and MFN2 expressions were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot, accompanied by assessment of mitochondrial morphology, ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential, and amyloid-β content. Binding between METTL3 and MFN2, the total amount of m6A, and the m6A modification of Mfn2 were also determined. METTL3 and MFN2 were downregulated in hippocampal tissues of the AD model mice; METTL3 enhanced MFN2 expression via m6A modification. Overexpression of METTL3 or MFN2 ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction indicated by fewer damaged mitochondria, increased ATP and JC-1 levels, and reduced Aβ content; improved cognitive impairment in the mice was indicated by the novel object discrimination index and Morris water maze tests. Effects of METTL3 overexpression were abrogated by further knockdown of MFN2. Thus, METTL3 ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in the AD model mice by increasing MFN2 expression via m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Huaijie Xing
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Changhui Zhong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Ruipeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
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Wang X, Kang J, Li X, Wu P, Huang Y, Duan Y, Feng J, Wang J. Codonopsis pilosula water extract delays D-galactose-induced aging of the brain in mice by activating autophagy and regulating metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118016. [PMID: 38462027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Codonopsis pilosula (C. pilosula), also called "Dangshen" in Chinese, is derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (C. pilosula), Codonopsis pilosula var. Modesta (Nannf.) L.D.Shen (C. pilosula var. modesta) or Codonopsis pilosula subsp. Tangshen (Oliv.) D.Y.Hong (C. pilosula subsp. tangshen), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. It has been regularly used for anti-aging, strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lungs, regulating blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, strengthening the body's immune system, etc. However, the mechanism, by which, C. pilosula exerts its therapeutic effects on brain aging remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the protective effects of C. pilosula water extract (CPWE) on the hippocampal tissue of D-galactose-induced aging mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, plant taxonomy has been confirmed in the "The Plant List" database (www.theplantlist.org). First, an aging mouse model was established through the intraperitoneal injections of D-galactose solution, and low-, medium-, and high-dose CPWE were administered to mice by gavage for 42 days. Then, the learning and memory abilities of the mice were examined using the Morris water maze tests and step-down test. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to visualize histopathological damage in the hippocampus. A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the marker protein of astrocyte activation, and autophagy-related proteins, including microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62, in the hippocampal tissues of mice. Moreover, targeted metabolomic analysis was performed to assess the changes in polar metabolites and short-chain fatty acids in the hippocampus. RESULTS First, CPWE alleviated cognitive impairment and ameliorated hippocampal tissue damage in aging mice. Furthermore, CPWE markedly alleviated mitochondrial damage, restored the number of autophagosomes, and activated autophagy in the hippocampal tissue of aging mice by increasing the expression of LC3 protein and reducing the expression of p62 protein. Meanwhile, the expression levels of the brain injury marker protein GFAP decreased. Moreover, quantitative targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that CPWE intervention reversed the abnormal levels of L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, serotonin hydrochloride, succinic acid, and acetic acid in the hippocampal tissue of aging mice. CPWE also significantly regulated pathways associated with D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolisms, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS CPWE could improve cognitive and pathological conditions induced by D-galactose in aging mice by activating autophagy and regulating metabolism, thereby slowing down brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiachao Kang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuechan Li
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Pingmin Wu
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yongqiang Duan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Juan Feng
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Wang S, Tan J, Zhang Q. Cytosolic Escape of Mitochondrial DNA Triggers cGAS-STING Pathway-Dependent Neuronal PANoptosis in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia. Neurochem Res 2024:10.1007/s11064-024-04151-7. [PMID: 38833090 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is the predominant pathophysiological disturbance in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by neuronal cell death and neurocognitive impairment. We focus on the accumulated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytosol, which acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and activates the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, a known trigger for immune responses and neuronal death in degenerative diseases. However, the specific role and mechanism of the mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis in IH-induced neural damage remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the involvement of PANoptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death linked to cytosolic mtDNA accumulation and the cGAS-STING pathway activation, in neuronal cell death induced by IH. Our study found that PANoptosis occurred in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons and HT22 cell lines exposed to IH. In addition, we discovered that during IH, mtDNA released into the cytoplasm via the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) activates the cGAS-STING pathway, exacerbating PANoptosis-associated neuronal death. Pharmacologically inhibiting mPTP opening or depleting mtDNA significantly reduced cGAS-STING pathway activation and PANoptosis in HT22 cells under IH. Moreover, our findings indicated that the cGAS-STING pathway primarily promotes PANoptosis by modulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Inhibiting or silencing the cGAS-STING pathway substantially reduced ER stress-mediated neuronal death and PANoptosis, while lentivirus-mediated STING overexpression exacerbated these effects. In summary, our study elucidates that cytosolic escape of mtDNA triggers cGAS-STING pathway-dependent neuronal PANoptosis in response to IH, mainly through regulating ER stress. The discovery of the novel mechanism provides theoretical support for the prevention and treatment of neuronal damage and cognitive impairment in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Pszczołowska M, Walczak K, Miśków W, Mroziak M, Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J, Leszek J. Mitochondrial disorders leading to Alzheimer's disease-perspectives of diagnosis and treatment. GeroScience 2024; 46:2977-2988. [PMID: 38457008 PMCID: PMC11009177 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01118-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia globally. The pathogenesis of AD remains still unclear. The three main features of AD are extracellular deposits of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque, accumulation of abnormal formation hyper-phosphorylated tau protein, and neuronal loss. Mitochondrial impairment plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. There are problems with decreased activity of multiple complexes, disturbed mitochondrial fusion, and fission or formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, mitochondrial transport is impaired in AD. Mouse models in many research show disruptions in anterograde and retrograde transport. Both mitochondrial transportation and network impairment have a huge impact on synapse loss and, as a result, cognitive impairment. One of the very serious problems in AD is also disruption of insulin signaling which impairs mitochondrial Aβ removal.Discovering precise mechanisms leading to AD enables us to find new treatment possibilities. Recent studies indicate the positive influence of metformin or antioxidants such as MitoQ, SS-31, SkQ, MitoApo, MitoTEMPO, and MitoVitE on mitochondrial functioning and hence prevent cognitive decline. Impairments in mitochondrial fission may be treated with mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 or ceramide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamil Walczak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Weronika Miśków
- Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | - Jerzy Leszek
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Department, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Lee HJ, Choi HJ, Jeong YJ, Na YH, Hong JT, Han JM, Hoe HS, Lim KH. Developing theragnostics for Alzheimer's disease: Insights from cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131925. [PMID: 38685540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its associated economic and societal burdens are on the rise, but there are no curative treatments for AD. Interestingly, this neurodegenerative disease shares several biological and pathophysiological features with cancer, including cell-cycle dysregulation, angiogenesis, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, and DNA damage. However, the genetic factors contributing to the overlap in biological processes between cancer and AD have not been actively studied. In this review, we discuss the shared biological features of cancer and AD, the molecular targets of anticancer drugs, and therapeutic approaches. First, we outline the common biological features of cancer and AD. Second, we describe several anticancer drugs, their molecular targets, and their effects on AD pathology. Finally, we discuss how protein-protein interactions (PPIs), receptor inhibition, immunotherapy, and gene therapy can be exploited for the cure and management of both cancer and AD. Collectively, this review provides insights for the development of AD theragnostics based on cancer drugs and molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Lee
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Choi
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Joo Jeong
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), 333, Techno jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hee Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyang-Sook Hoe
- Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), 333, Techno jungang-daero, Hyeonpung-eup, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Key-Hwan Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Lopez FV, O'Shea A, Huo Z, DeKosky ST, Trouard TP, Alexander GE, Woods AJ, Bowers D. Frontal-temporal regional differences in brain energy metabolism and mitochondrial function using 31P MRS in older adults. GeroScience 2024; 46:3185-3195. [PMID: 38225480 PMCID: PMC11009166 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk for cognitive decline and transition to dementia. One well-known age-related change involves decreased brain efficiency and energy production, mediated in part by changes in mitochondrial function. Damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria have been implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the current study was to investigate mitochondrial function over frontal and temporal regions in a sample of 70 cognitively normal older adults with subjective memory complaints and a first-degree family history of AD. We hypothesized cerebral mitochondrial function and energy metabolism would be greater in temporal as compared to frontal regions based on the high energy consumption in the temporal lobes (i.e., hippocampus). To test this hypothesis, we used phosphorous (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) which is a non-invasive and powerful method for investigating in vivo mitochondrial function via high energy phosphates and phospholipid metabolism ratios. We used a single voxel method (left temporal and bilateral prefrontal) to achieve optimal sensitivity. Results of separate repeated measures analyses of variance showed 31P MRS ratios of static energy, energy reserve, energy consumption, energy demand, and phospholipid membrane metabolism were greater in the left temporal than bilateral prefrontal voxels. Our findings that all 31P MRS ratios were greater in temporal than bifrontal regions support our hypothesis. Future studies are needed to determine whether findings are related to cognition in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca V Lopez
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Andrew O'Shea
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Steven T DeKosky
- Department of Neurology, Fixel Center for Neurological Diseases, College of Medicine, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Theodore P Trouard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona and Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adam J Woods
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dawn Bowers
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Neurology, Fixel Center of Neurological Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Gills JL, Napoleon DA, Budak M, Fausto BA, Gluck MA, Malin SK. Hypertension is associated with reduced resting-state medial temporal lobe dynamic network flexibility in older African Americans. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16084. [PMID: 38850124 PMCID: PMC11161824 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension disproportionately affects African Americans and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the relationship of blood pressure (BP) with medial temporal lobe (MTL) dynamic network flexibility (a novel AD biomarker) and cognitive generalization in older African Americans. In a cross-sectional study, 37 normotensive (systolic BP <130 mmHg, 82.5% F, 64.4 ± 4.9 years; 14.3 ± 2.1 years of education) versus 79 hypertensive (systolic BP ≥130 mmHg, 79.5% F, 66.8 ± 4.1 years; 14.0 ± 0.2 years of education) participants were enrolled. All participants completed a 10-min resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan to assess MTL dynamic network flexibility and two generalization tasks to assess cognition. Anthropometrics and aerobic fitness (via 6-min walk test) were also determined. There was no difference in BMI (29.7 ± 6.4 vs. 31.9 ± 6.3 kg/m2, p = 0.083) or aerobic fitness (15.5 ± 2.6 vs. 15.1 ± 2.6 mL/kg/min; p = 0.445) between normotensive and hypertensive groups. However, normotensive participants had higher MTL dynamic network flexibility compared to hypertensive participants (0.42 ± 0.23 vs. 0.32 ± 0.25 mL, p = 0.040), and this was associated with higher mean arterial blood pressure (r = -0.21, p = 0.036). Therefore, hypertensive older African Americans demonstrated lower MTL dynamic network flexibility compared to their normotensive counterparts independent of BMI and aerobic fitness. Further studies are required to determine how blood pressure mediates AD risk in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L. Gills
- Department of PsychiatryNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Population HealthNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers University‐NewarkNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Darian A. Napoleon
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers University‐NewarkNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Miray Budak
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers University‐NewarkNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Bernadette A. Fausto
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers University‐NewarkNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Mark A. Gluck
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral NeuroscienceRutgers University‐NewarkNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and NutritionRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and ScienceRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
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11
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Ling Y, Hu L, Chen J, Zhao M, Dai X. The mechanism of mitochondrial metabolic gene PMAIP1 involved in Alzheimer's disease process based on bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100373. [PMID: 38692009 PMCID: PMC11070595 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored novel biomarkers that can affect the diagnosis and treatment in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) related to mitochondrial metabolism. METHODS The authors obtained the brain tissue datasets for AD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and downloaded the mitochondrial metabolism-related genes set from MitoCarta 3.0 for analysis. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were screened using the "limma" R package, and the biological functions and pathways were investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The LASSO algorithm was used to identify the candidate center genes and validated in the GSE97760 dataset. PMAIP1 with the highest diagnostic value was selected and its effect on the occurrence of AD by biological experiments. RESULTS A sum of 364 DEGs and 50 hub genes were ascertained. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were preponderantly associated with cell metabolism and apoptosis. Five genes most associated with AD as candidate central genes by LASSO algorithm analysis. Then, the expression level and specificity of candidate central genes were verified by GSE97760 dataset, which confirmed that PMAIP1 had a high diagnostic value. Finally, the regulatory effects of PMAIP1 on apoptosis and mitochondrial function were detected by siRNA, flow cytometry and Western blot. siRNA-PMAIP1 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION This study identified biomarkers related to mitochondrial metabolism in AD and provided a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of AD. PMAIP1 was a potential candidate gene that may affect mitochondrial function in Hippocampal neuronal cells, and its mechanism deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Ling
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingmin Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyong Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyang Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Zhan F, Lin G, Su L, Xue L, Duan K, Chen L, Ni J. The association between methylmalonic acid, a biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction, and cause-specific mortality in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29357. [PMID: 38681550 PMCID: PMC11053175 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the leading causes of death among the elderly. Recent research has demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction, which is hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, is a contributor to the development of these diseases. Methods and materials Methylmalonic acid (MMA), AD, PD, inflammatory markers and covariates were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The classification of the inflammatory markers was done through quartile conversion. A restricted cubic spike function was performed to study their dose-response relationship. MMA subgroups from published studies were used to explore the correlation between different subgroups and cause-specific mortality. Multivariable weighted Cox regression was carried out to investigate MMA and cause-specific mortality in patients with AD and PD. Weighted survival analysis was used to study the survival differences among MMA subgroups. Results A non-linear correlation was observed between MMA and AD-specific death and PD-specific mortality. The presence of MMA Q4 was linked to increased death rates among AD patients (HR = 6.39, 95%CI: 1.19-35.24, P = 0.03) after controlling for potential confounders in a multivariable weighted Cox regression model. In PD patients, the MMA Q4 (Q4: HR: 5.51, 95 % CI: 1.26-24, P = 0.02) was also related to increased mortality. The results of survival analysis indicated that the poorer prognoses were observed in AD and PD patients with MMA Q4. Conclusion The higher level of mitochondria-derived circulating MMA was associated with a higher mortality rate in AD and PD patients. MMA has the potential to be a valuable indicator for evaluating AD and PD patients' prognosis in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
| | - Gaoteng Lin
- Department of Urology, The 900th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lifang Su
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351106, China
| | - Lihong Xue
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351106, China
| | - Kefei Duan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Longfei Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350000, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350212, China
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13
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Wang B, Xin Y, Tang X, Wang F, Hua S, Yang Y, Xu S, Gong H, Dong R, Lin Y, Li C, Lin X, Bi Y. Potential value of serum prealbumin and serum albumin in the identification of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing knee/hip replacement: an observational study and internal validation study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1375383. [PMID: 38694772 PMCID: PMC11061387 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1375383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common postoperative neurological complication that can lead to a variety of postoperative complications. At present, the pathogenesis of POD is unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between serum prealbumin and serum albumin and POD and whether serum prealbumin and serum albumin influence POD through POD core pathology. Objective We enrolled 500 Chinese Han patients between September 2020 to January 2023. We analyzed the risk and protective factors of POD using the multivariate logistic regression. We also assessed the predictive power of serum prealbumin, serum albumin, and both in combination with CSF POD biomarkers. We used Stata MP16.0. to examine whether the association between serum prealbumin and serum albumin and POD was mediated by CSF POD biomarkers, and conducted an internal validation study to verify the accuracy of the combination of serum prealbumin + serum albumin + CSF POD biomarkers for predicting POD. The model was visualized using ROC curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). DynNom and Shiny packages were used to create an online calculator. Ten patients who had POD occurring from February 2023 to October 2023 were selected for internal verification. Results Finally, a total of 364 patients were included in our study. Levels of serum prealbumin, serum albumin in the POD group were lower than those in the NPOD group. The lever of serum prealbumin, serum albumin were protective factors for POD. The relationship between serum prealbumin, serum albumin and POD was partially mediated by T-tau (12.28%) and P-tau (20.61%). The model combining serum prealbumin and serum albumin and POD biomarkers exhibited a relatively better discriminatory ability to predict POD. DCA also showed that the combination of serum prealbumin and serum albumin and POD biomarkers brought high predictive benefits to patients. The dynamic online calculator can accurately predict the occurrence of POD in the internal validation study. Conclusion Preoperative low serum prealbumin and serum albumin levels were the preoperative risk factors for POD, which is partly mediated by T-tau and P-tau. The model combining serum prealbumin and serum albumin and CSF POD biomarkers can accurately predict the occurrence of POD. Clinical trial registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR2000033439.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Xin
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhui Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhui Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yunchao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shanling Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yanlin Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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14
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Rajendran K, Krishnan UM. Mechanistic insights and emerging therapeutic stratagems for Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102309. [PMID: 38615895 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a multi-factorial neurodegenerative disorder has affected over 30 million individuals globally and these numbers are expected to increase in the coming decades. Current therapeutic interventions are largely ineffective as they focus on a single target. Development of an effective drug therapy requires a deep understanding of the various factors influencing the onset and progression of the disease. Aging and genetic factors exert a major influence on the development of AD. Other factors like post-viral infections, iron overload, gut dysbiosis, and vascular dysfunction also exacerbate the onset and progression of AD. Further, post-translational modifications in tau, DRP1, CREB, and p65 proteins increase the disease severity through triggering mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic loss, and differential interaction of amyloid beta with different receptors leading to impaired intracellular signalling. With advancements in neuroscience tools, new inter-relations that aggravate AD are being discovered including pre-existing diseases and exposure to other pathogens. Simultaneously, new therapeutic strategies involving modulation of gene expression through targeted delivery or modulation with light, harnessing the immune response to promote clearance of amyloid deposits, introduction of stem cells and extracellular vesicles to replace the destroyed neurons, exploring new therapeutic molecules from plant, marine and biological sources delivered in the free state or through nanoparticles and use of non-pharmacological interventions like music, transcranial stimulation and yoga. Polypharmacology approaches involving combination of therapeutic agents are also under active investigation for superior therapeutic outcomes. This review elaborates on various disease-causing factors, their underlying mechanisms, the inter-play between different disease-causing players, and emerging therapeutic options including those under clinical trials, for treatment of AD. The challenges involved in AD therapy and the way forward have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayalvizhi Rajendran
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India; Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India; Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India; School of Arts, Sciences, Humanities & Education, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613401, India.
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15
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Yang Y, Chen W, Lin Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Xia X. Panax notoginseng saponins prevent dementia and oxidative stress in brains of SAMP8 mice by enhancing mitophagy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:144. [PMID: 38575939 PMCID: PMC10993618 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the distinctive features of neurons in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Intraneuronal autophagosomes selectively phagocytose and degrade the damaged mitochondria, mitigating neuronal damage in AD. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) can effectively reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in the brain of animals with AD, but their exact mechanism of action is unknown. METHODS Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice with age-related AD were treated with PNS for 8 weeks. The effects of PNS on learning and memory abilities, cerebral oxidative stress status, and hippocampus ultrastructure of mice were observed. Moreover, changes of the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)-Parkin, which regulates ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy, and the recruit of downstream autophagy receptors were investigated. RESULTS PNS attenuated cognitive dysfunction in SAMP8 mice in the Morris water maze test. PNS also enhanced glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and increased glutathione levels by 25.92% and 45.55% while inhibiting 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by 27.74% and the malondialdehyde production by 34.02% in the brains of SAMP8 mice. Our observation revealed the promotion of mitophagy, which was accompanied by an increase in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) mRNA and 70.00% increase of LC3-II/I protein ratio in the brain tissues of PNS-treated mice. PNS treatment increased Parkin mRNA and protein expression by 62.80% and 43.80%, while increasing the mRNA transcription and protein expression of mitophagic receptors such as optineurin, and nuclear dot protein 52. CONCLUSION PNS enhanced the PINK1/Parkin pathway and facilitated mitophagy in the hippocampus, thereby preventing cerebral oxidative stress in SAMP8 mice. This may be a mechanism contributing to the cognition-improvement effect of PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Wenya Chen
- Key Laboratory of TCM Neuro-metabolism and Immunopharmacology of Guangxi Education Department, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Zhenmei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yijing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
| | - Xing Xia
- Key Laboratory of TCM Neuro-metabolism and Immunopharmacology of Guangxi Education Department, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
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16
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Li S, Liang S, Xie S, Chen H, Huang H, He Q, Zhang H, Wang X. Investigation of the miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Circuits and Immune Signatures Associated with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1467-1480. [PMID: 38476468 PMCID: PMC10929271 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s448394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants worldwide, yet its pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The present study sought to explore microRNA-mRNA regulatory networks and immune cells involvement in BPD through a combination of bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation. Methods MicroRNA and mRNA microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) were identified in BPD patients compared to control subjects, and their target genes were predicted using miRWalk, miRNet, miRDB, and TargetScan databases. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and functional enrichment analyses were conducted on the target genes. 30 hub genes were screened using the Cytohubba plugin of the Cytoscape software. Additionally, mRNA microarray data was utilized to validate the expression of hub genes and to perform immune infiltration analysis. Finally, real-time PCR (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and flow cytometry were conducted using a mouse model of BPD to confirm the bioinformatics findings. Results Two DEMs (miR-15b-5p and miR-20a-5p) targeting genes primarily involved in the regulation of cell cycle phase transition, ubiquitin ligase complex, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and MAPK signaling pathway were identified. APP and four autophagy-related genes (DLC1, PARP1, NLRC4, and NRG1) were differentially expressed in the mRNA microarray dataset. Analysis of immune infiltration revealed significant differences in levels of neutrophils and naive B cells between BPD patients and control subjects. RT-PCR and IHC confirmed reduced expression of APP in a mouse model of BPD. Although the proportion of total neutrophils did not change appreciably, the activation of neutrophils, marked by loss of CD62L, was significantly increased in BPD mice. Conclusion Downregulation of APP mediated by miR-15b-5p and miR-20a-5p may be associated with the development of BPD. Additionally, increased CD62L- neutrophil subset might be important for the immune-mediated injury in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuling Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunyu Xie
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoying Huang
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qixin He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayan Zhang
- Division of Neonatology and Center for Newborn Care, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Javadpour P, Abbaszadeh F, Ahmadiani A, Rezaei M, Ghasemi R. Mitochondrial Transportation, Transplantation, and Subsequent Immune Response in Alzheimer's Disease: An Update. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04009-7. [PMID: 38368286 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory impairment and a progressive decline in cognitive function. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as an important contributor to the development of AD, leading to oxidative stress and energy deficits within the brain. While current treatments for AD aim to alleviate symptoms, there is an urgent need to target the underlying mechanisms. The emerging field of mitotherapy, which involves the transplantation of healthy mitochondria into damaged cells, has gained substantial attention and has shown promising results. However, research in the context of AD remains limited, necessitating further investigations. In this review, we summarize the mitochondrial pathways that contribute to the progression of AD. Additionally, we discuss mitochondrial transfer among brain cells and mitotherapy, with a focus on different administration routes, various sources of mitochondria, and potential modifications to enhance transplantation efficacy. Finally, we review the limited available evidence regarding the immune system's response to mitochondrial transplantation in damaged brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Javadpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Nadiga APR, Suman, Krishna KL. A novel Zebrafish model of Alzheimer's disease by Aluminium chloride; involving nitro-oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and cholinergic pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 965:176332. [PMID: 38228217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain. Most AD experimental animal models are pharmacological or transgenic in origin. The existing pharmacological approaches for developing AD are poorly developed and most of them fail to replicate the complete characteristics of disease pathology. Developing a cost-effective and reliable experimental animal model will meet this research gap. Zebrafish (ZF) are progressively emerging as a powerful drug discovery disease model to evaluate central nervous system (CNS) disorders due to their homologous similarities to humans as well as cost-effectiveness. The present research is conceptualized to develop and evaluate a reliable ZF AD model using aluminum chloride (AlCl3). Chronic exposure of 0.04 mM of AlCl3 for 28 days increased the expression of amyloid-β, phosphorylated tau protein and senile plaque development in the ZF brain. The observed changes were associated with learning and memory impairment. Furthermore, decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level and elevated oxidative stress indices, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity was observed upon exposure to AlCl3 in the ZF brain. Chronic exposure to 0.04 mM of AlCl3 would be a cost-effective ZF AD model for pharmacological screening and may also be used to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying the neuropathology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek P R Nadiga
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - Suman
- Government Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Mysore, 570 015, Karnataka, India
| | - K L Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, 570 015, Karnataka, India.
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Zhu Y, Huang H, Chen Z, Tao Y, Liao LY, Gao SH, Wang YJ, Gao CY. Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Attenuates Cognitive Deficits and Alzheimer's Disease-Type Pathologies via ISCA1-Mediated Mitochondrial Modulation in APP/PS1 Mice. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:182-200. [PMID: 37578635 PMCID: PMC10838862 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01098-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a time-saving and cost-effective repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regime, has been shown to improve cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the specific mechanism underlying iTBS-induced cognitive enhancement remains unknown. Previous studies suggested that mitochondrial functions are modulated by magnetic stimulation. Here, we showed that iTBS upregulates the expression of iron-sulfur cluster assembly 1 (ISCA1, an essential regulatory factor for mitochondrial respiration) in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. In vivo and in vitro studies revealed that iTBS modulates mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster assembly to facilitate mitochondrial respiration and function, which is required for ISCA1. Moreover, iTBS rescues cognitive decline and attenuates AD-type pathologies in APP/PS1 mice. The present study uncovers a novel mechanism by which iTBS modulates mitochondrial respiration and function via ISCA1-mediated iron-sulfur cluster assembly to alleviate cognitive impairments and pathologies in AD. We provide the mechanistic target of iTBS that warrants its therapeutic potential for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Special Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ling-Yi Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Shi-Hao Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Chang-Yue Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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20
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Zhao J, Han Z, Ding L, Wang P, He X, Lin L. The molecular mechanism of aging and the role in neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24751. [PMID: 38312598 PMCID: PMC10835255 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and inevitable biological process affected by a combination of external environmental and genetic factors. Humans are currently living longer than ever before, accompanied with aging-related alterations such as diminished autophagy, decreased immunological function, mitochondrial malfunction, stem cell failure, accumulation of somatic and mitochondrial DNA mutations, loss of telomere, and altered nutrient metabolism. Aging leads to a decline in body functions and age-related diseases, for example, Alzheimer's disease, which adversely affects human health and longevity. The quality of life of the elderly is greatly diminished by the increase in their life expectancy rather than healthy life expectancy. With the rise in the age of the global population, aging and related diseases have become the focus of attention worldwide. In this review, we discuss several major mechanisms of aging, including DNA damage and repair, free radical oxidation, telomeres and telomerase, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and their role in neurodegenerative diseases to provide a reference for the prevention of aging and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanli Zhao
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhenjie Han
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hubei Research Institute of Geriatrics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xiutang He
- Center for Monitoring and Evaluation of Teaching Quality, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, 448000, China
| | - Li Lin
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
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21
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Wang H, Yan X, Zhang Y, Wang P, Li J, Zhang X. Mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2007 to 2022. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:101-128. [PMID: 38312534 PMCID: PMC10836605 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The investigation of mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains relatively underexplored in bibliometric analysis. Objective To delve into the progress of mitophagy, offering a comprehensive overview of research trends and frontiers for researchers. Methods Basic bibliometric information, targets, and target-drug-clinical trial-disease extracted from publications identified in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2007 to 2022 were assessed using bibliometric software. Results The study encompassed 5,146 publications, displaying a consistent 16-year upward trajectory. The United States emerged as the foremost contributor in publications, with the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease being the most prolific journal. P. Hemachandra Reddy, George Perry, and Xiongwei Zhu are the top 3 most prolific authors. PINK1 and Parkin exhibited an upward trend in the last 6 years. Keywords (e.g., insulin, aging, epilepsy, tauopathy, and mitochondrial quality control) have recently emerged as focal points of interest within the past 3 years. "Mitochondrial dysfunction" is among the top terms in disease clustering. The top 10 drugs/molecules (e.g., curcumin, insulin, and melatonin) were summarized, accompanied by their clinical trials and related targets. Conclusions This study presents a comprehensive overview of the mitophagy research landscape in AD over the past 16 years, underscoring mitophagy as an emerging molecular mechanism and a crucial focal point for potential drug in AD. This study pioneers the inclusion of targets and their correlations with drugs, clinical trials, and diseases in bibliometric analysis, providing valuable insights and inspiration for scholars and readers of JADR interested in understanding the potential mechanisms and clinical trials in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peifu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jilai Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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22
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Jiang W, Lin Y, Qian L, Lu S, Shen H, Ge X, Miao L. Mulberry Leaf Polysaccharides Attenuate Oxidative Stress Injury in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:136. [PMID: 38397734 PMCID: PMC10886326 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of mulberry leaf polysaccharides (MLPs) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress injury in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) of Megalobrama amblycephala. Five treatment groups were established in vitro: the NC group (PBLs incubated in an RPMI-1640 complete medium for 4 h), the HP group (PBLs incubated in an RPMI-1640 complete medium for 3 h, and then stimulated with 100 μM of H2O2 for 1 h), and the 50/100/200-MLP pre-treatment groups (PBLs were pre-treated with MLPs (50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for 3 h, and then stimulated with 100 μM of H2O2 for 1 h). The results showed that MLP pre-treatment dose-dependently enhanced PBLs' antioxidant capacities. The 200 μg/mL MLP pre-treatment effectively protected the antioxidant system of PBLs from H2O2-induced oxidative damage by reducing the malondialdehyde content and lactic dehydrogenase cytotoxicity, and increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase activities (p < 0.05). The over-production of reactive oxygen species, depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly inhibited in the 200-MLP pre-treatment group (p < 0.05). The expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (forkhead box O1α (foxO1α), binding immunoglobulin protein (bip), activating transcription factor 6 (atf6), and C/EBP-homologous protein (chop)), Ca2+ transport-related genes (voltage-dependent anion-selective channel 1 (vdac1), mitofusin 2 (mfn2), and mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (mcu)), and interleukin 6 (il-6) and bcl2-associated x (bax) were significantly lower in the 200-MLP pre-treatment group than in the HP group (p < 0.05), which rebounded to normal levels in the NC group (p > 0.05). These results indicated that MLP pre-treatment attenuated H2O2-induced PBL oxidative damage in the M. amblycephala by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and maintaining mitochondrial function. These findings also support the possibility that MLPs can be exploited as a natural dietary supplement for M. amblycephala, as they protect against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Jiang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.J.); (L.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Linjie Qian
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.J.); (L.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Siyue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Huaishun Shen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.J.); (L.Q.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.J.); (L.Q.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Linghong Miao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (W.J.); (L.Q.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (Y.L.); (S.L.)
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23
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Tenchov R, Sasso JM, Wang X, Zhou QA. Aging Hallmarks and Progression and Age-Related Diseases: A Landscape View of Research Advancement. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1-30. [PMID: 38095562 PMCID: PMC10767750 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a dynamic, time-dependent process that is characterized by a gradual accumulation of cell damage. Continual functional decline in the intrinsic ability of living organisms to accurately regulate homeostasis leads to increased susceptibility and vulnerability to diseases. Many efforts have been put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Thus, the major cellular and molecular hallmarks of aging have been identified, and their relationships to age-related diseases and malfunctions have been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of recent aging-related research. We review the advances in knowledge and delineate trends in research advancements on aging factors and attributes across time and geography. We also review the current concepts related to the major aging hallmarks on the molecular, cellular, and organismic level, age-associated diseases, with attention to brain aging and brain health, as well as the major biochemical processes associated with aging. Major age-related diseases have been outlined, and their correlations with the major aging features and attributes are explored. We hope this review will be helpful for apprehending the current knowledge in the field of aging mechanisms and progression, in an effort to further solve the remaining challenges and fulfill its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Xinmei Wang
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a Division of the American Chemical
Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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24
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Gnaiger E. Complex II ambiguities-FADH 2 in the electron transfer system. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105470. [PMID: 38118236 PMCID: PMC10772739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevailing notion that reduced cofactors NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons from the tricarboxylic acid cycle to the mitochondrial electron transfer system creates ambiguities regarding respiratory Complex II (CII). CII is the only membrane-bound enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is part of the electron transfer system of the mitochondrial inner membrane feeding electrons into the coenzyme Q-junction. The succinate dehydrogenase subunit SDHA of CII oxidizes succinate and reduces the covalently bound prosthetic group FAD to FADH2 in the canonical forward tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, several graphical representations of the electron transfer system depict FADH2 in the mitochondrial matrix as a substrate to be oxidized by CII. This leads to the false conclusion that FADH2 from the β-oxidation cycle in fatty acid oxidation feeds electrons into CII. In reality, dehydrogenases of fatty acid oxidation channel electrons to the Q-junction but not through CII. The ambiguities surrounding Complex II in the literature and educational resources call for quality control, to secure scientific standards in current communications of bioenergetics, and ultimately support adequate clinical applications. This review aims to raise awareness of the inherent ambiguity crisis, complementing efforts to address the well-acknowledged issues of credibility and reproducibility.
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Kapil L, Kumar V, Kaur S, Sharma D, Singh C, Singh A. Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:367-383. [PMID: 36974405 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230327092855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-destructive cellular process that removes essential metabolites and waste from inside the cell to maintain cellular health. Mitophagy is the process by which autophagy causes disruption inside mitochondria and the total removal of damaged or stressed mitochondria, hence enhancing cellular health. The mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, performing essential functions such as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) generation, metabolism, Ca2+ buffering, and signal transduction. Many different mechanisms, including endosomal and autophagosomal transport, bring these substrates to lysosomes for processing. Autophagy and endocytic processes each have distinct compartments, and they interact dynamically with one another to complete digestion. Since mitophagy is essential for maintaining cellular health and using genetics, cell biology, and proteomics techniques, it is necessary to understand its beginning, particularly in ubiquitin and receptor-dependent signalling in injured mitochondria. Despite their similar symptoms and emerging genetic foundations, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have all been linked to abnormalities in autophagy and endolysosomal pathways associated with neuronal dysfunction. Mitophagy is responsible for normal mitochondrial turnover and, under certain physiological or pathological situations, may drive the elimination of faulty mitochondria. Due to their high energy requirements and post-mitotic origin, neurons are especially susceptible to autophagic and mitochondrial malfunction. This article focused on the importance of autophagy and mitophagy in neurodegenerative illnesses and how they might be used to create novel therapeutic approaches for treating a wide range of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Kapil
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics (School of Pharmacy), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246174, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Vlasak T, Dujlovic T, Barth A. Aluminum exposure and cognitive performance: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167453. [PMID: 37777128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminum is increasingly used in various industrial processes due to its beneficial properties. Occupational exposure to aluminum, however, has been linked to several adverse health effects. The impact of occupational aluminum exposure on worker's cognitive performance and its contribution in developing neurodegenerative diseases is highly discussed with competing results. METHOD We conducted a literature search via online databases until June 2023. Applicable studies fulfilling inclusion criteria investigating the effects of occupational aluminum exposure on cognitive functions were gathered. Results were aggregated using random effects meta-analysis and the effect size g. We further explored types of publication biases, moderating variables and exposure-effect relationships using meta-regressions. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 18 studies with 87 effect sizes for seven cognitive functions. We found significant worse performances in workers occupationally exposed to aluminum regarding processing speed, working memory, attention, and reaction time after exclusion of outliers. Additionally, we found increased blood plasma aluminum significantly predicting decreased cognitive performance in exposed workers. CONCLUSION Our results show decreased performance levels in processing speed, working memory, attention and reaction time in workers occupationally exposed to aluminum compared to controls. Furthermore, we found that aluminum in blood plasma was the only biomarker as significant predictor of cognitive performance. We discuss recommendations for further research in relation to occupational health and safety. Finally, we extend the discourse between occupational aluminum exposure and development of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vlasak
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud Private University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Tanja Dujlovic
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud Private University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Alfred Barth
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud Private University Linz, Linz, Austria.
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27
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Mishra V, Yadav D, Solanki KS, Koul B, Song M. A Review on the Protective Effects of Probiotics against Alzheimer's Disease. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:8. [PMID: 38248439 PMCID: PMC10813289 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This review summarizes the protective effects of probiotics against Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders affecting older adults. This disease is characterized by the deposition of tau and amyloid β peptide (Aβ) in different parts of the brain. Symptoms observed in patients with AD include struggles with writing, speech, memory, and knowledge. The gut microbiota reportedly plays an important role in brain functioning due to its bidirectional communication with the gut via the gut-brain axis. The emotional and cognitive centers in the brain are linked to the functions of the peripheral intestinal system via this gut-brain axis. Dysbiosis has been linked to neurodegenerative disorders, indicating the significance of gut homeostasis for proper brain function. Probiotics play an important role in protecting against the symptoms of AD as they restore gut-brain homeostasis to a great extent. This review summarizes the characteristics, status of gut-brain axis, and significance of gut microbiota in AD. Review and research articles related to the role of probiotics in the treatment of AD were searched in the PubMed database. Recent studies conducted using animal models were given preference. Recent clinical trials were searched for separately. Several studies conducted on animal and human models clearly explain the benefits of probiotics in improving cognition and memory in experimental subjects. Based on these studies, novel therapeutic approaches can be designed for the treatment of patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhuti Mishra
- School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior 474003, India;
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kavita Singh Solanki
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Bhupendra Koul
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India;
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
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28
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Yang Y, Bustani GS, Alawsi T, Altalbawy FMA, Kareem AK, Gupta J, Zhu P, Hjazi A, Alawadi AH, Mustafa YF. The cardioprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles against the poisoning generated by aluminum phosphide pesticide: Controlling oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105701. [PMID: 38072556 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a well-known toxic compound used as an agricultural pesticide to prevent insect damage to stored crops. However, even if just a small amount was consumed, it caused lasting harm to the human body and, in acute concentrations, death. The current study employed cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) to reduce oxidative stress and various harmful outcomes of AlP poisoning. METHODS Following finding effective concentrations of CeO2 NPs via MTT assay, Human Cardiac Myocyte (HCM) cells were pre-treated with CeO2 NPs for 24 h. After that, they were exposed to 2.36 μM AlP. The activity of oxidative stress and mitochondrial biomarkers, including mitochondrial swelling, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome c release, were evaluated in HCM cells. Finally, the population of apoptotic and necrotic cells was assessed via flow cytometry. RESULTS After 24 h, data revealed that all tested concentrations of CeO2 NPs were safe, and 25 and 50 μM of that were selected as effective concentrations. Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) showed that CeO2 NPs could successfully decrease AlP poisoning due to their antioxidant characteristics. Mitochondrial markers were also recovered by pre-treatment of HCM cells with CeO2 NPs. Furthermore, pre-treating with CeO2 NPs could compensate for the reduction of live cells with AlP and cause a diminishing in the population of early and late apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION As a result, it is evident that CeO2 NPs, through the recovery of oxidative stress and mitochondrial damages caused by AlP, reduce apoptosis and have therapeutic potentials on HCM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Yang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Taif Alawsi
- Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Farag M A Altalbawy
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), University of Cairo, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ali Kamil Kareem
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
| | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U. P., India
| | - Ping Zhu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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29
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Wang Y, Zou J, Wang Y, Wang J, Ji X, Zhang T, Chu Y, Cui R, Zhang G, Shi G, Wu Y, Kang Y. Hydralazine inhibits neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in APP/PS1 mice via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways. Neuropharmacology 2023; 240:109706. [PMID: 37661037 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and curative treatment has not been developed. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effects of hydralazine (Hyd, a hypertension treatment drug) on the development process of AD and its mechanisms. We treated 6-month-old male APP/PS1 mice with Hyd for 5 weeks, measured changes in behavior and pathological status, and analyzed differences in gene expression by RNA sequencing. The results demonstrated that Hyd improved cognitive deficits and decreased amyloid beta protein deposition in the cortex and hippocampus, while RNA sequencing analysis suggested that the regulation of neuroinflammation and energy metabolism might play pivotal roles for Hyd's beneficial effects. Therefore, we further investigated inflammatory response, redox state, and mitochondrial function, as well as the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent neuroinflammation gene and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant gene in AD mice. The results showed that Hyd reduced the damage of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, improved mitochondrial dysfunction, downregulated pro-inflammation gene expression, and upregulated antioxidant gene expression. The results in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cell model demonstrated that Hyd suppressed pro-inflammatory response via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, by silencing the Nrf2 gene expression, it was found that Hyd can reduce LPS-induced reactive oxygen species production by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Therefore, administration of Hyd in the early stage of AD might be beneficial in delaying the pathological development of AD via inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jiayang Zou
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jinyang Wang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Tianyun Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yun Chu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Rui Cui
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Geming Shi
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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Conti F, Di Martino S, Drago F, Bucolo C, Micale V, Montano V, Siciliano G, Mancuso M, Lopriore P. Red Flags in Primary Mitochondrial Diseases: What Should We Recognize? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16746. [PMID: 38069070 PMCID: PMC10706469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are complex group of metabolic disorders caused by genetically determined impairment of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The unique features of mitochondrial genetics and the pivotal role of mitochondria in cell biology explain the phenotypical heterogeneity of primary mitochondrial diseases and the resulting diagnostic challenges that follow. Some peculiar features ("red flags") may indicate a primary mitochondrial disease, helping the physician to orient in this diagnostic maze. In this narrative review, we aimed to outline the features of the most common mitochondrial red flags offering a general overview on the topic that could help physicians to untangle mitochondrial medicine complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Conti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.C.); (S.D.M.); (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Serena Di Martino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.C.); (S.D.M.); (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.C.); (S.D.M.); (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.C.); (S.D.M.); (C.B.); (V.M.)
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, 95213 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Micale
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.C.); (S.D.M.); (C.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Montano
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy (P.L.)
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy (P.L.)
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy (P.L.)
| | - Piervito Lopriore
- Neurological Institute, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy (P.L.)
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Yang X, Zhou P, Zhao Z, Li J, Fan Z, Li X, Cui Z, Fu A. Improvement Effect of Mitotherapy on the Cognitive Ability of Alzheimer's Disease through NAD +/SIRT1-Mediated Autophagy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2006. [PMID: 38001859 PMCID: PMC10669341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has grown to be a predominant health challenge that disturbs the elderly population. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most significant features of AD. Transplantation therapy of healthy mitochondria (mitotherapy), as a novel therapeutic strategy to restore mitochondrial function, is proposed to treat the mitochondria-associated disease. Also, the molecular mechanism of mitotherapy remains unclear. Here, we applied the mitotherapy in AD model mice induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition and suggested that autophagy would be an important mechanism of the mitotherapy. After the healthy mitochondria entered the defective neuronal cells damaged by the misfolded Aβ protein, autophagy was activated through the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signal. The damaged mitochondria and Aβ protein were eliminated by autophagy, which could also decrease the content of radical oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and extracellular-regulated protein kinases (ERK) phosphorylation increased after mitotherapy, which would be beneficial to repair neuronal function. As a result, the cognitive ability of AD animals was ameliorated in a water maze test after the healthy mitochondria were administrated to the mice. The study indicated that mitotherapy would be an effective approach to AD treatment through the mechanism of autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ailing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.Y.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Z.F.); (X.L.); (Z.C.)
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Gauvrit T, Benderradji H, Pelletier A, Aboulouard S, Faivre E, Carvalho K, Deleau A, Vallez E, Launay A, Bogdanova A, Besegher M, Le Gras S, Tailleux A, Salzet M, Buée L, Delahaye F, Blum D, Vieau D. Multi-Omics Data Integration Reveals Sex-Dependent Hippocampal Programming by Maternal High-Fat Diet during Lactation in Adult Mouse Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 15:4691. [PMID: 37960344 PMCID: PMC10649590 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Early-life exposure to high-fat diets (HF) can program metabolic and cognitive alterations in adult offspring. Although the hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory and metabolic homeostasis, few studies have reported the impact of maternal HF on this structure. We assessed the effects of maternal HF during lactation on physiological, metabolic, and cognitive parameters in young adult offspring mice. To identify early-programming mechanisms in the hippocampus, we developed a multi-omics strategy in male and female offspring. Maternal HF induced a transient increased body weight at weaning, and a mild glucose intolerance only in 3-month-old male mice with no change in plasma metabolic parameters in adult male and female offspring. Behavioral alterations revealed by a Barnes maze test were observed both in 6-month-old male and female mice. The multi-omics strategy unveiled sex-specific transcriptomic and proteomic modifications in the hippocampus of adult offspring. These studies that were confirmed by regulon analysis show that, although genes whose expression was modified by maternal HF were different between sexes, the main pathways affected were similar with mitochondria and synapses as main hippocampal targets of maternal HF. The effects of maternal HF reported here may help to better characterize sex-dependent molecular pathways involved in cognitive disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Gauvrit
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Hamza Benderradji
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Pelletier
- The Department of Pharmacology & Biophysics, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Soulaimane Aboulouard
- U1192—Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), University of Lille, INSERM, 59000 Lille, France; (S.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Emilie Faivre
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Kévin Carvalho
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Aude Deleau
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vallez
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (E.V.); (A.T.)
| | - Agathe Launay
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Mélanie Besegher
- US 41-UMS 2014-PLBS, Animal Facility, University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Stéphanie Le Gras
- CNRS U7104, INSERM U1258, GenomEast Platform, IGBMC, University of Strasbourg, 67412 Illkirch, France;
| | - Anne Tailleux
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (E.V.); (A.T.)
| | - Michel Salzet
- U1192—Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), University of Lille, INSERM, 59000 Lille, France; (S.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Luc Buée
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Fabien Delahaye
- Sanofi Precision Medicine and Computational Biology, 94081 Vitry-sur-Seine, France;
| | - David Blum
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Didier Vieau
- UMR-S1172, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, 59000 Lille, France; (T.G.); (H.B.); (E.F.); (K.C.); (A.D.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (D.B.)
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEX DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
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Atlante A, Valenti D. Mitochondrial Complex I and β-Amyloid Peptide Interplay in Alzheimer's Disease: A Critical Review of New and Old Little Regarded Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15951. [PMID: 37958934 PMCID: PMC10650435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and the main cause of dementia which is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline that severely interferes with daily activities of personal life. At a pathological level, it is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein structures in the brain-β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and Tau tangles-which interfere with communication between neurons and lead to their dysfunction and death. In recent years, research on AD has highlighted the critical involvement of mitochondria-the primary energy suppliers for our cells-in the onset and progression of the disease, since mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits precede the beginning of the disease and mitochondria are very sensitive to Aβ toxicity. On the other hand, if it is true that the accumulation of Aβ in the mitochondria leads to mitochondrial malfunctions, it is otherwise proven that mitochondrial dysfunction, through the generation of reactive oxygen species, causes an increase in Aβ production, by initiating a vicious cycle: there is therefore a bidirectional relationship between Aβ aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we focus on the latest news-but also on neglected evidence from the past-concerning the interplay between dysfunctional mitochondrial complex I, oxidative stress, and Aβ, in order to understand how their interplay is implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Atlante
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
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Gong M, Jia J. Rutaecarpine Mitigates Cognitive Impairment by Balancing Mitochondrial Function Through Activation of the AMPK/PGC1α Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:6598-6612. [PMID: 37468737 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of cognitive deficit. Rutaecarpine (Rut) is a natural alkaloid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study explored whether Rut treatment could enhance cognitive function by improving mitochondrial function and examined the potential mechanisms underlying this ameliorative effect. We used the Morris water maze and Y-maze tests to evaluate the behavioral effects of Rut in a mouse model of cognitive impairment induced by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (D-gal). Furthermore, we assessed the effects of Rut on mitochondrial function using cell viability assays, flow cytometry, western blotting, biochemical analysis, and immunochemical techniques in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated Rut treatment attenuated cognitive deficits and mitochondrial dysfunction in the mouse model. Similarly, it maintained the balance of mitochondrial dynamics in neurocytes and reduced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis in the HT22 cell model. Moreover, we found that these protective effects were dependent on the activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (AMPK/PGC1α) signaling pathway. Our data indicate that Rut treatment are sensitive to reversal cognitive deficits and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by D-gal; this suggests that Rut is a promising mitochondria-targeted therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gong
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, China.
- Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, People's Republic of China.
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Verma H, Gangwar P, Yadav A, Yadav B, Rao R, Kaur S, Kumar P, Dhiman M, Taglialatela G, Mantha AK. Understanding the neuronal synapse and challenges associated with the mitochondrial dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Mitochondrion 2023; 73:19-29. [PMID: 37708950 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Synaptic mitochondria are crucial for maintaining synaptic activity due to their high energy requirements, substantial calcium (Ca2+) fluctuation, and neurotransmitter release at the synapse. To provide a continuous energy supply, neurons use special mechanisms to transport and distribute healthy mitochondria to the synapse while eliminating the damaged mitochondria from the synapse. Along the neuron, mitochondrial membrane potential (ψ) gradient exists and is highest in the somal region. Lower ψ in the synaptic region renders mitochondria more vulnerable to oxidative stress-mediated damage. Secondly, mitochondria become susceptible to the release of cytochrome c, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is not shielded from the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the histone proteins (unlike nuclear DNA), leading to activation of caspases and pronounced oxidative DNA base damage, which ultimately causes synaptic loss. Both synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction and synaptic failure are crucial factors responsible for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyper-phosphorylated Tau, the two leading players of AD, exaggerate the disease-like pathological conditions by reducing the mitochondrial trafficking, blocking the bi-directional transport at the synapse, enhancing the mitochondrial fission via activating the mitochondrial fission proteins, enhancing the swelling of mitochondria by increasing the influx of water through mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, as well as reduced ATP production by blocking the activity of complex I and complex IV. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is also associated with decline in cognitive ability caused by synaptic degradation. This review summarizes the challenges associated with the synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction linked to AD and MCI and the role of phytochemicals in restoring the synaptic activity and rendering neuroprotection in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harkomal Verma
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhakar Gangwar
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Anuradha Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Bharti Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Rashmi Rao
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Sharanjot Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Monisha Dhiman
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Anil Kumar Mantha
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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Yang K, Wu J, Li S, Wang S, Zhang J, Wang YP, Yan YS, Hu HY, Xiong MF, Bai CB, Sun YQ, Chen WQ, Zeng Y, Yuan JL, Yin CH. NTRK1 knockdown induces mouse cognitive impairment and hippocampal neuronal damage through mitophagy suppression via inactivating the AMPK/ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:404. [PMID: 37907480 PMCID: PMC10618268 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01685-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neuronal damage may induce cognitive impairment. Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1) reportedly regulates neuronal damage, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of NTRK1 in mouse hippocampal neuronal damage and the specific mechanism. A mouse NTRK1-knockdown model was established and subjected to pre-treatment with BAY-3827, followed by a behavioral test, Nissl staining, and NeuN immunofluorescence (IF) staining to evaluate the cognitive impairment and hippocampal neuronal damage. Next, an in vitro analysis was conducted using the CCK-8 assay, TUNEL assay, NeuN IF staining, DCFH-DA staining, JC-1 staining, ATP content test, mRFP-eGFP-LC3 assay, and LC3-II IF staining to elucidate the effect of NTRK1 on mouse hippocampal neuronal activity, apoptosis, damage, mitochondrial function, and autophagy. Subsequently, rescue experiments were performed by subjecting the NTRK1-knockdown neurons to pre-treatment with O304 and Rapamycin. The AMPK/ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway activity and mitophagy were detected using western blotting (WB) analysis. Resultantly, in vivo analysis revealed that NTRK1 knockdown induced mouse cognitive impairment and hippocampal tissue damage, in addition to inactivating the AMPK/ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway activity and mitophagy in the hippocampal tissues of mice. The treatment with BAY-3827 exacerbated the mouse depressive-like behavior induced by NTRK1 knockdown. The results of in vitro analysis indicated that NTRK1 knockdown attenuated viability, NeuN expression, ATP production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitophagy, while enhancing apoptosis and ROS production in mouse hippocampal neurons. Conversely, pre-treatment with O304 and rapamycin abrogated the suppression of mitophagy and the promotion of neuronal damage induced upon NTRK1 silencing. Conclusively, NTRK1 knockdown induces mouse hippocampal neuronal damage through the suppression of mitophagy via inactivating the AMPK/ULK1/FUNDC1 pathway. This finding would provide insight leading to the development of novel strategies for the treatment of cognitive impairment induced due to hippocampal neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital; Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Jue Wu
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Yi-Peng Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital; Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - You-Sheng Yan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital; Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Hua-Ying Hu
- Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ming-Fang Xiong
- Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Chao-Bo Bai
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong-Qing Sun
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital; Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Wen-Qi Chen
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- Institute of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Jun-Liang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Cheng-Hong Yin
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital; Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
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Kulkarni PG, Balasubramanian N, Manjrekar R, Banerjee T, Sakharkar A. DNA Methylation-Mediated Mfn2 Gene Regulation in the Brain: A Role in Brain Trauma-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Memory Deficits. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3479-3495. [PMID: 37193907 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Repeated mild traumatic brain injuries (rMTBI) affect mitochondrial homeostasis in the brain. However, mechanisms of long-lasting neurobehavioral effects of rMTBI are largely unknown. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) is a critical component of tethering complexes in mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) and thereby plays a pivotal role in mitochondrial functions. Herein, we investigated the implications of DNA methylation in the Mfn2 gene regulation, and its consequences on mitochondrial dysfunction in the hippocampus after rMTBI. rMTBI dramatically reduced the mitochondrial mass, which was concomitant with decrease in Mfn2 mRNA and protein levels. DNA hypermethylation at the Mfn2 gene promoter was observed post 30 days of rMTBI. The treatment of 5-Azacytidine, a pan DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, normalized DNA methylation levels at Mfn2 promoter, which further resulted into restoration of Mfn2 function. The normalization of Mfn2 function was well correlated with recovery in memory deficits in rMTBI-exposed rats. Since, glutamate excitotoxicity serves as a primary insult after TBI, we employed in vitro model of glutamate excitotoxicity in human neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y to investigate the causal epigenetic mechanisms of Mfn2 gene regulation. The glutamate excitotoxicity reduced Mfn2 levels via DNA hypermethylation at Mfn2 promoter. Loss of Mfn2 caused significant surge in cellular and mitochondrial ROS levels with lowered mitochondrial membrane potential in cultured SH-SY5Y cells. Like rMTBI, these consequences of glutamate excitotoxicity were also prevented by 5-AzaC pre-treatment. Therefore, DNA methylation serves as a vital epigenetic mechanism involved in Mfn2 expression in the brain; and this Mfn2 gene regulation may play a pivotal role in rMTBI-induced persistent cognitive deficits. Closed head weight drop injury method was employed to induce repeated mild traumatic brain (rMTBI) in jury in adult, male Wistar rats. rMTBI causes hyper DNA methylation at the Mfn2 promoter and lowers the Mfn2 expression triggering mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the treatment of 5-azacytidine normalizes DNA methylation at the Mfn2 promoter and restores mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash G Kulkarni
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India
| | | | - Ritika Manjrekar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India
| | - Tanushree Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India.
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Tathawade, Pune, 411 033, India.
| | - Amul Sakharkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, India.
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Olesen MA, Quintanilla RA. Pathological Impact of Tau Proteolytical Process on Neuronal and Mitochondrial Function: a Crucial Role in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5691-5707. [PMID: 37332018 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03434-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Tau protein plays a pivotal role in the central nervous system (CNS), participating in microtubule stability, axonal transport, and synaptic communication. Research interest has focused on studying the role of post-translational tau modifications in mitochondrial failure, oxidative damage, and synaptic impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Soluble tau forms produced by its pathological cleaved induced by caspases could lead to neuronal injury contributing to oxidative damage and cognitive decline in AD. For example, the presence of tau cleaved by caspase-3 has been suggested as a relevant factor in AD and is considered a previous event before neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formation.Interestingly, we and others have shown that caspase-cleaved tau in N- or C- terminal sites induce mitochondrial bioenergetics defects, axonal transport impairment, neuronal injury, and cognitive decline in neuronal cells and murine models. All these abnormalities are considered relevant in the early neurodegenerative manifestations such as memory and cognitive failure reported in AD. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss for the first time the importance of truncated tau by caspases activation in the pathogenesis of AD and how its negative actions could impact neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrethe A Olesen
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, 5to Piso, San Miguel, 8910060, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Quintanilla
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, 5to Piso, San Miguel, 8910060, Santiago, Chile.
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Sousa T, Moreira PI, Cardoso S. Current Advances in Mitochondrial Targeted Interventions in Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2331. [PMID: 37760774 PMCID: PMC10525414 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and affects the lives not only of those who are diagnosed but also of their caregivers. Despite the enormous social, economic and political burden, AD remains a disease without an effective treatment and with several failed attempts to modify the disease course. The fact that AD clinical diagnosis is most often performed at a stage at which the underlying pathological events are in an advanced and conceivably irremediable state strongly hampers treatment attempts. This raises the awareness of the need to identify and characterize the early brain changes in AD, in order to identify possible novel therapeutic targets to circumvent AD's cascade of events. One of the most auspicious targets is mitochondria, powerful organelles found in nearly all cells of the body. A vast body of literature has shown that mitochondria from AD patients and model organisms of the disease differ from their non-AD counterparts. In view of this evidence, preserving and/or restoring mitochondria's health and function can represent the primary means to achieve advances to tackle AD. In this review, we will briefly assess and summarize the previous and latest evidence of mitochondria dysfunction in AD. A particular focus will be given to the recent updates and advances in the strategy options aimed to target faulty mitochondria in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Sousa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Paula I. Moreira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana Cardoso
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC—Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
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Manna PR, Kshirsagar S, Pradeepkiran JA, Rawat P, Kumar S, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Protective function of StAR in amyloid-β accumulated hippocampal neurotoxicity and neurosteroidogenesis: Mechanistic insights into Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166738. [PMID: 37142132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein principally mediates steroid hormone biosynthesis by governing the transport of intramitochondrial cholesterol. Neurosteroids progressively decrease during aging, the key risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is triggered by brain-region specific accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) precursor protein (APP), a key pathological factor. We demonstrate that hippocampal neuronal cells overexpressing wild-type (WtAPP) and mutant APP (mAPP) plasmids, conditions mimetic to AD, resulted in decreases in StAR mRNA, free cholesterol, and pregnenolone levels. The magnitude of suppression of the steroidogenic response was more pronounced with mAPP than that of WtAPP. While mAPP-waned assorted anomalies correlate to AD pathology, deterioration of APP/Aβ laden StAR expression and neurosteroid biosynthesis was enhanced by retinoid signaling. An abundance of mitochondrially targeted StAR expression partially restored APP/Aβ accumulated diverse neurodegenerative vulnerabilities. Immunofluorescence analyses revealed that overexpression of StAR diminishes mAPP provoked Aβ aggregation. Co-expression of StAR and mAPP in hippocampal neurons substantially reversed the declines in mAPP mediated cell survival, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, and ATP production. Concurrently, induction of mAPP induced Aβ loading showed an increase in cholesterol esters, but decrease in free cholesterol, concomitant with pregnenolone biosynthesis, events that were inversely regulated by StAR. Moreover, retinoid signaling was found to augment cholesterol content for facilitating neurosteroid biosynthesis in an AD mimetic condition. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular events by which StAR acts to protect mAPP-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neurosteroidogenesis, and these measures are fundamental for ameliorating and/or delaying dementia in individuals with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak R Manna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | | | - Priyanka Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Center of Emphasis in Neuroscience, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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Li J, Wang P, Hou M, Zhu BT. Attenuation of amyloid-β-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by active components of anthocyanins in HT22 neuronal cells. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e301. [PMID: 37346934 PMCID: PMC10279944 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common form of neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Amyloid-β (Aβ)-associated neurotoxicity is an important component of the neurodegenerative change in AD. Recent studies have revealed a beneficial effect of anthocyanins in improving learning and memory in AD animal models. Using cultured HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells as an in vitro model, we examined in this study the protective effect of ten pure components of anthocyanins against Aβ 42-induced cytotoxicity and also investigated the mechanism of their protective effects. We found that treatment of HT22 cells with the pure components of anthocyanins dose-dependently rescued Aβ 42-induced cytotoxicity, with slightly different potencies. Using petunidin as a representative compound, we found that it enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis and function in Aβ 42-treated HT22 cells. Mechanistically, petunidin facilitated β-catenin nuclear translocation and enhanced the interaction between β-catenin and TCF7, which subsequently upregulated mitochondrial homeostasis-related protein Mfn2, thereby promoting restoration of mitochondrial homeostasis and function in Aβ 42-treated HT22 cells. Together, these results reveal that the pure components of anthocyanins have a strong protective effect in HT22 cells against Aβ 42-induced cytotoxicity by ameliorating mitochondrial homeostasis and function in a β-catenin/TCF-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Pan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Ming‐Jie Hou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Bao Ting Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina
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Costa-Laparra I, Juárez-Escoto E, Vicario C, Moratalla R, García-Sanz P. APOE ε4 allele, along with G206D- PSEN1 mutation, alters mitochondrial networks and their degradation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1087072. [PMID: 37455931 PMCID: PMC10340123 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1087072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alzheimer's disease remains the most common neurodegenerative disorder, depicted mainly by memory loss and the presence in the brain of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. This disease is related to several cellular alterations like the loss of synapses, neuronal death, disruption of lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial fragmentation, or raised oxidative stress. Notably, changes in the autophagic pathway have turned out to be a key factor in the early development of the disease. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of the APOE allele ε4 and G206D-PSEN1 on the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. Methods Fibroblasts from Alzheimer's patients with APOE 3/4 + G206D-PSEN1 mutation and homozygous APOE ε4 were used to study the effects of APOE polymorphism and PSEN1 mutation on the autophagy pathway, mitochondrial network fragmentation, superoxide anion levels, lysosome clustering, and p62/SQSTM1 levels. Results We observed that the APOE allele ε4 in homozygosis induces mitochondrial network fragmentation that correlates with an increased colocalization with p62/SQSTM1, probably due to an inefficient autophagy. Moreover, G206D-PSEN1 mutation causes an impairment of the integrity of mitochondrial networks, triggering high superoxide anion levels and thus making APOE 3/4 + PSEN1 fibroblasts more vulnerable to cell death induced by oxidative stress. Of note, PSEN1 mutation induces accumulation and clustering of lysosomes that, along with an increase of global p62/SQSTM1, could compromise lysosomal function and, ultimately, its degradation. Conclusion The findings suggest that all these modifications could eventually contribute to the neuronal degeneration that underlies the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Further research in this area may help to develop targeted therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Costa-Laparra
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Juárez-Escoto
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Stem Cells, Neurogenesis and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Sanz
- Neurobiology of the Basal Ganglia Laboratory, Department of Functional Systems and Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Aleksandrova Y, Munkuev A, Mozhaitsev E, Suslov E, Tsypyshev D, Chaprov K, Begunov R, Volcho K, Salakhutdinov N, Neganova M. Elaboration of the Effective Multi-Target Therapeutic Platform for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Novel Monoterpene-Derived Hydroxamic Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119743. [PMID: 37298694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel monoterpene-based hydroxamic acids of two structural types were synthesized for the first time. The first type consisted of compounds with a hydroxamate group directly bound to acyclic, monocyclic and bicyclic monoterpene scaffolds. The second type included hydroxamic acids connected with the monoterpene moiety through aliphatic (hexa/heptamethylene) or aromatic linkers. An in vitro analysis of biological activity demonstrated that some of these molecules had powerful HDAC6 inhibitory activity, with the presence of a linker area in the structure of compounds playing a key role. In particular, it was found that hydroxamic acids containing a hexa- and heptamethylene linker and (-)-perill fragment in the Cap group exhibit excellent inhibitory activity against HDAC6 with IC50 in the submicromolar range from 0.56 ± 0.01 µM to 0.74 ± 0.02 µM. The results of the study of antiradical activity demonstrated the presence of moderate ability for some hydroxamic acids to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2ROO• radicals. The correlation coefficient between the DPPH radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value was R2 = 0.8400. In addition, compounds with an aromatic linker based on para-substituted cinnamic acids, having a monocyclic para-menthene skeleton as a Cap group, 35a, 38a, 35b and 38b, demonstrated a significant ability to suppress the aggregation of the pathological β-amyloid peptide 1-42. The 35a lead compound with a promising profile of biological activity, discovered in the in vitro experiments, demonstrated neuroprotective effects on in vivo models of Alzheimer's disease using 5xFAD transgenic mice. Together, the results obtained demonstrate a potential strategy for the use of monoterpene-derived hydroxamic acids for treatment of various aspects of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnij Pr. 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Aldar Munkuev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgenii Mozhaitsev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evgenii Suslov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Tsypyshev
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Kirill Chaprov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnij Pr. 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Roman Begunov
- Biology and Ecology Faculty of P. G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Matrosova Ave., 9, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia
| | - Konstantin Volcho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nariman Salakhutdinov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Margarita Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnij Pr. 1, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
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Pinho SA, Anjo SI, Cunha-Oliveira T. Metabolic Priming as a Tool in Redox and Mitochondrial Theragnostics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051072. [PMID: 37237939 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Theragnostics is a promising approach that integrates diagnostics and therapeutics into a single personalized strategy. To conduct effective theragnostic studies, it is essential to create an in vitro environment that accurately reflects the in vivo conditions. In this review, we discuss the importance of redox homeostasis and mitochondrial function in the context of personalized theragnostic approaches. Cells have several ways to respond to metabolic stress, including changes in protein localization, density, and degradation, which can promote cell survival. However, disruption of redox homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and cellular damage, which are implicated in various diseases. Models of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction should be developed in metabolically conditioned cells to explore the underlying mechanisms of diseases and develop new therapies. By choosing an appropriate cellular model, adjusting cell culture conditions and validating the cellular model, it is possible to identify the most promising therapeutic options and tailor treatments to individual patients. Overall, we highlight the importance of precise and individualized approaches in theragnostics and the need to develop accurate in vitro models that reflect the in vivo conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia A Pinho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- PDBEB-PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra I Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
- IIIUC, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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Naomi R, Yazid MD, Teoh SH, Balan SS, Shariff H, Kumar J, Bahari H, Embong H. Dietary Polyphenols as a Protection against Cognitive Decline: Evidence from Animal Experiments; Mechanisms and Limitations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051054. [PMID: 37237920 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that cognitive impairments may result from various factors, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, impaired neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, amyloid β protein (Aβ) deposition, and gut dysbiosis. Meanwhile, dietary polyphenol intake in a recommended dosage has been suggested to reverse cognitive dysfunction via various pathways. However, excessive intake of polyphenols could trigger unwanted adverse effects. Thus, this review aims to outline possible causes of cognitive impairments and how polyphenols alleviate memory loss via various pathways based on in vivo experimental studies. Thus, to identify potentially relevant articles, the keywords (1) nutritional polyphenol intervention NOT medicine AND neuron growth OR (2) dietary polyphenol AND neurogenesis AND memory impairment OR (3) polyphenol AND neuron regeneration AND memory deterioration (Boolean operators) were used in the Nature, PubMed, Scopus, and Wiley online libraries. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 research papers were selected to be further reviewed. The outcome of all the studies included supports the statement of appropriate dosage by taking into consideration gender differences, underlying conditions, lifestyle, and causative factors for cognitive decline, which will significantly boost memory power. Therefore, this review recapitulates the possible causes of cognitive decline, the mechanism of polyphenols involving various signaling pathways in modulating the memory, gut dysbiosis, endogenous antioxidants, bioavailability, dosage, and safety efficacy of polyphenols. Hence, this review is expected to provide a basic understanding of therapeutic development for cognitive impairments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Santhra Segaran Balan
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Shah Alam 40100, Malaysia
| | - Halim Shariff
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology Mara (UITM) Pulau Pinang, Bertam Campus, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Hashim Embong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Pedersen ZO, Pedersen BS, Larsen S, Dysgaard T. A Scoping Review Investigating the "Gene-Dosage Theory" of Mitochondrial DNA in the Healthy Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098154. [PMID: 37175862 PMCID: PMC10179410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the evidence regarding mtDNA and valid biomarkers for assessing mitochondrial adaptions. Mitochondria are small organelles that exist in almost all cells throughout the human body. As the only organelle, mitochondria contain their own DNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). mtDNA-encoded polypeptides are subunits of the enzyme complexes in the electron transport chain (ETC) that are responsible for production of ATP to the cells. mtDNA is frequently used as a biomarker for mitochondrial content, since changes in mitochondrial volume are thought to induce similar changes in mtDNA. However, some exercise studies have challenged this "gene-dosage theory", and have indicated that changes in mitochondrial content can adapt without changes in mtDNA. Thus, the aim of this scoping review was to summarize the studies that used mtDNA as a biomarker for mitochondrial adaptions and address the question as to whether changes in mitochondrial content, induce changes in mtDNA in response to aerobic exercise in the healthy skeletal muscle. The literature was searched in PubMed and Embase. Eligibility criteria included: interventional study design, aerobic exercise, mtDNA measurements reported pre- and postintervention for the healthy skeletal muscle and English language. Overall, 1585 studies were identified. Nine studies were included for analysis. Eight out of the nine studies showed proof of increased oxidative capacity, six found improvements in mitochondrial volume, content and/or improved mitochondrial enzyme activity and seven studies did not find evidence of change in mtDNA copy number. In conclusion, the findings imply that mitochondrial adaptions, as a response to aerobic exercise, can occur without a change in mtDNA copy number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zandra Overgaard Pedersen
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Britt Staevnsbo Pedersen
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tina Dysgaard
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kerr NR, Kelty TJ, Mao X, Childs TE, Kline DD, Rector RS, Booth FW. Selective breeding for physical inactivity produces cognitive deficits via altered hippocampal mitochondrial and synaptic function. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1147420. [PMID: 37077501 PMCID: PMC10106691 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1147420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is the 4th leading cause of death globally and has been shown to significantly increase the risk for developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Recent work has demonstrated that exercise prior to breeding produces heritable benefits to the brains of offspring, suggesting that the physical activity status of previous generations could play an important role in one's brain health and their subsequent risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, our study aimed to test the hypothesis that selective breeding for physical inactivity, or for high physical activity, preference produces heritable deficits and enhancements to brain health, respectively. To evaluate this hypothesis, male and female sedentary Low Voluntary Runners (LVR), wild type (WT), and High Voluntary Runner (HVR) rats underwent cognitive behavioral testing, analysis of hippocampal neurogenesis and mitochondrial respiration, and molecular analysis of the dentate gyrus. These analyses revealed that selecting for physical inactivity preference has produced major detriments to cognition, brain mitochondrial respiration, and neurogenesis in female LVR while female HVR display enhancements in brain glucose metabolism and hippocampal size. On the contrary, male LVR and HVR showed very few differences in these parameters relative to WT. Overall, we provide evidence that selective breeding for physical inactivity has a heritable and detrimental effect on brain health and that the female brain appears to be more susceptible to these effects. This emphasizes the importance of remaining physically active as chronic intergenerational physical inactivity likely increases susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases for both the inactive individual and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Kerr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Taylor J. Kelty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Xuansong Mao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Thomas E. Childs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - David D. Kline
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - R. Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Frank W. Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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48
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Samir M, Abdelkader RM, Boushehri MS, Mansour S, Lamprecht A, Tammam SN. Enhancement of mitochondrial function using NO releasing nanoparticles; a potential approach for therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 184:16-24. [PMID: 36640916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. Increasing evidence is showing the important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. Mitochondria based oxidative stress, decrease in respiratory chain activity and ATP production are all associated with AD, hence indicating that the enhancement of mitochondrial function and biogenesis present a promising therapeutic approach for AD. Nitric oxide (NO) is an initiator of mitochondrial biogenesis. However, its gaseous nature and very short half-life limit the realization of its therapeutic potential. Additionally, its uncontrolled in-vivo distribution results in generalized vasodilation, hypotension among other off-target effects. Diazeniumdiolates (NONOates) are NO donors that release NO in physiological temperature and pH. Their encapsulation within a hydrophobic matrix carrier system could control the release of NO, and at the same time enable its delivery to the brain. In this work, PAPANONOate (PN) a NO donor was encapsulated in small (92 ± 7 nm) poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs. These NPs did not induce hemolysis upon intravenous administration and were able to accumulate in the brains of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced neurodegeneration mouse models. The encapsulation of PN within a hydrophobic PLGA matrix enabled the sustained release of NO from NPs (≈ 3 folds slower relative to free PN) and successfully delivered PN to brain. As a result, PN-NPs but not free PN resulted in an enhancement in memory and cognition in animals with neurodegeneration as determined by the Y-maze test. The enhancement in cognition was a result of increased mitochondria function as indicated by the increased production of ATP and Cytochrome C oxidase enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt
| | - Reham M Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt
| | - Maryam Shetab Boushehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Germany; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering (EA4267), University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt.
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49
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Zheng Y, Zhang J, Zhu X, Wei Y, Zhao W, Si S, Li Y. A Mitochondrial Perspective on Noncommunicable Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030647. [PMID: 36979626 PMCID: PMC10045938 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the center of energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells and play a central role in the metabolism of living organisms. Mitochondrial diseases characterized by defects in oxidative phosphorylation are the most common congenital diseases. Meanwhile, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by secondary factors such as non-inherited genetic mutations can affect normal physiological functions of human cells, induce apoptosis, and lead to the development of various diseases. This paper reviewed several major factors and mechanisms that contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and discussed the development of diseases closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction and drug treatment strategies discovered in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuanjuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (S.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuyi Si
- Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (S.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (W.Z.); (S.S.); (Y.L.)
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50
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Deng P, Zhang H, Wang L, Jie S, Zhao Q, Chen F, Yue Y, Wang H, Tian L, Xie J, Chen M, Luo Y, Yu Z, Pi H, Zhou Z. Long-term cadmium exposure impairs cognitive function by activating lnc-Gm10532/m6A/FIS1 axis-mediated mitochondrial fission and dysfunction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159950. [PMID: 36336035 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, is deemed a possible aetiological cause of cognitive disorders in humans. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism by which chronic exposure to Cd causes neurotoxicity is not fully understood. In this study, mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2a cells) and primary hippocampal neurons were exposed to low-dose (1, 2, and 4 μM for Neuro-2a cells or 0.5, 1, and 1.5 μM for hippocampal neurons) cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for 72 h (h), and male mice (C57BL/6J, 8 weeks) were orally administered CdCl2 (0.6 mg/L, approximately equal to 2.58 μg/kg·bw/d) for 6 months to investigate the effects and mechanism of chronic Cd-induced neurotoxicity. Here, chronic exposure to Cd impaired mitochondrial function by promoting excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, altering mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and reducing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, contributing to neuronal cell death. Specifically, microarray analysis revealed that the long noncoding RNA Gm10532 (lnc-Gm10532) was most highly expressed in Neuro-2a cells exposed to 4 μM CdCl2 for 72 h compared with controls, and inhibition of lnc-Gm10532 significantly antagonized CdCl2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity. Mechanistically, lnc-Gm10532 increased Fission 1 (FIS1) expression and mitochondrial fission by recruiting the m6A writer methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) and enhancing m6A modification of Fis1 mRNA. Moreover, lnc-Gm10532 was also required for chronic Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and memory deficits in a rodent model. Therefore, data of this study reveal a new epigenetic mechanism of chronic Cd neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Liting Wang
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sheng Jie
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mengyan Chen
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Center for Neurointelligence, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, and Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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