1
|
McKendry J, Coletta G, Nunes EA, Lim C, Phillips SM. Mitigating disuse-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in ageing: Resistance exercise as a critical countermeasure. Exp Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39106083 DOI: 10.1113/ep091937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The gradual deterioration of physiological systems with ageing makes it difficult to maintain skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia), at least partly due to the presence of 'anabolic resistance', resulting in muscle loss. Sarcopenia can be transiently but markedly accelerated through periods of muscle disuse-induced (i.e., unloading) atrophy due to reduced physical activity, sickness, immobilisation or hospitalisation. Periods of disuse are detrimental to older adults' overall quality of life and substantially increase their risk of falls, physical and social dependence, and early mortality. Disuse events induce skeletal muscle atrophy through various mechanisms, including anabolic resistance, inflammation, disturbed proteostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction, all of which tip the scales in favour of a negative net protein balance and subsequent muscle loss. Concerningly, recovery from disuse atrophy is more difficult for older adults than their younger counterparts. Resistance training (RT) is a potent anabolic stimulus that can robustly stimulate muscle protein synthesis and mitigate muscle losses in older adults when implemented before, during and following unloading. RT may take the form of traditional weightlifting-focused RT, bodyweight training and lower- and higher-load RT. When combined with sufficient dietary protein, RT can accelerate older adults' recovery from a disuse event, mitigate frailty and improve mobility; however, few older adults regularly participate in RT. A feasible and practical approach to improving the accessibility and acceptability of RT is through the use of resistance bands. Moving forward, RT must be prescribed to older adults to mitigate the negative consequences of disuse atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James McKendry
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giulia Coletta
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Everson A Nunes
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Changhyun Lim
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun R, Wan J, Tang J, Deng Y, Zhang M, Liu C, Li J, Zhang Q. Effectiveness of resistance training on body composition, muscle strength, and biomarker in sarcopenic older adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 128:105595. [PMID: 39191151 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
This study analyzed 22 randomized controlled trials involving 959 participants to determine the impact of resistance training (RT) on body composition, muscle strength, and biomarkers in sarcopenic older adults. Regarding body composition, RT had a small effect size on relative muscle mass (RMM, SMD = 0.25[0.06,0.45]) and absolute muscle mass (AMM, SMD = 0.28[0.06,0.50]) but no effect on reducing body fat percentage (BF%). Meta-regression analysis pinpointed key predictors (p < 0.05): training period, number of sets, contraction speed, and average age. Subgroup analysis revealed that 3 sets over an 8-12 weeks training period, with slower muscle contraction speed at a 60-70 % 1-repetition maximum (1RM) training intensity, produced the most significant effects on reducing BF% and increasing RMM, respectively. Regarding muscle strength, RT had a large effect size on handgrip strength (HS, SMD = 0.83[0.43,1.23]), knee extension strength (KES, SMD = 0.90[0.50,1.30]), but no effect on chair stand test. Meta-regression analysis pinpointed key predictors (p < 0.05): training intensity, number of sets, body mass index, and sample size. Subgroup analysis revealed that the number of sets ≥ 3 and training intensity >70 % 1RM produced the most significant effect of RT on HS. Regarding biomarkers, RT had a medium effect size on insulin-like growth factor-1 (SMD = 0.70[0.10,1.30]), interleukin-10 (SMD = 0.61[0.09,1.13]), follistatin (SMD = 0.56[0.16,0.96]), but no effect on interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and myostatin. It concludes that RT is an effective way to improve muscle strength and the level of synthetic hormones and anti-inflammatory factors in sarcopenic older adults, with a slight impact on body composition and no impact on pro-inflammatory factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Sun
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqian Wan
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxing Tang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Deng
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengjiang Liu
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Anqing First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Center of Medical, Joyful Retirement Village, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen CC, Hsu WC, Wu YH, Lai FY, Yang PY, Lin IC. Prevalence and Associated Factors with Frailty Using the Kihon Checklist among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Taiwan. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1231. [PMID: 39202512 PMCID: PMC11356010 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Frailty in older adults is associated with adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the frailty status of community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan using the Kihon Checklist (KCL) and explore associations with demographic, physiological, and functional factors. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 278 community-dwelling older adults were classified as robust, prefrail, or frail based on their KCL scores. Participants underwent physical fitness assessments including muscle strength and endurance tests, walking speed tests, and flexibility tests. One-way ANOVA and logistic regression analyses were used to examine differences and associations between frailty status and physical fitness indicators. Results: 36% of participants were robust, 47.1% prefrail, and 16.9% frail. The robust group significantly outperformed the prefrail and frail groups in the 30 s sit-to-stand test, 2.44 m sit-to-walk test, and walking speed (p < 0.001). The 2.44 m sit-to-walk test was a significant predictor of prefrailty (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02-1.36) after adjusting for other physical fitness indicators. Conclusions: Lower limb functional capacity, particularly in the 2.44 m sit-to-walk test, was significantly associated with pre-frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Early screening, the classification of frailty by the Kihon Checklist, and targeted interventions focusing on lower limb strength, endurance, and mobility are crucial for preventing and delaying frailty progression in older populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chih Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Asia University Hospital, No. 222, FuSin Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (W.-C.H.); (Y.-H.W.); (F.-Y.L.)
| | - Wei-Chien Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Asia University Hospital, No. 222, FuSin Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (W.-C.H.); (Y.-H.W.); (F.-Y.L.)
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, Asia University Hospital, No. 222, FuSin Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (W.-C.H.); (Y.-H.W.); (F.-Y.L.)
| | - Fang-Yu Lai
- Department of Family Medicine, Asia University Hospital, No. 222, FuSin Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (W.-C.H.); (Y.-H.W.); (F.-Y.L.)
| | - Pei-Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Technology, Jenteh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, No. 79-9 Sha-Luen Hu, Xi-Zhou Li, Hou-Loung Town, Miaoli County 35664, Taiwan
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure, Chienkuo Technology University, No. 1, Chiehshou North Road, Changhua 50000, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Asia University Hospital, No. 222, FuSin Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (W.-C.H.); (Y.-H.W.); (F.-Y.L.)
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure, Chienkuo Technology University, No. 1, Chiehshou North Road, Changhua 50000, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang WX, Kong LN, Zeng L, Chen L, Qiu J, Zhao Y. Exercise interventions for frail older adults with diabetes: A scoping review. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 58:200-207. [PMID: 38824882 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
There is a paucity of evidence on exercise interventions for frail older adults with diabetes. This scoping review aims to identify the scope of the current literature on the characteristics and effects of exercise interventions for frail older adults with diabetes. A search without time limitation was conducted in eight databases. 14 studies were finally included. Resistance exercise and multicomponent exercise were the most common types of exercise. There was considerable variation in the frequency, duration and intensity of exercise interventions. Studies reported improvements in frailty status, physical function, blood glucose and lipid levels and economic effectiveness. The most frequent combined interventions involved nutrition and education. Although evidence was limited, the potential benefits of exercise interventions for frail older adults with diabetes were substantial. Further high-quality studies are needed to explore the most effective and cost-saving exercise interventions for frail older adults with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xin Wang
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Na Kong
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lin Zeng
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Endocrinology and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu D, Wang S, Liu S, Wang Q, Che X, Wu G. Frontiers in sarcopenia: Advancements in diagnostics, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101270. [PMID: 38583268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The onset of sarcopenia is intimately linked with aging, posing significant implications not only for individual patient quality of life but also for the broader societal healthcare framework. Early and accurate identification of sarcopenia and a comprehensive understanding of its mechanistic underpinnings and therapeutic targets paramount to addressing this condition effectively. This review endeavors to present a cohesive overview of recent advancements in sarcopenia research and diagnosis. We initially delve into the contemporary diagnostic criteria, specifically referencing the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2 and Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 benchmarks. Additionally, we elucidate comprehensive assessment techniques for muscle strength, quantity, and physical performance, highlighting tools such as grip strength, chair stand test, dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), gait speed, and short physical performance battery (SPPB), while also discussing their inherent advantages and limitations. Such diagnostic advancements pave the way for early identification and unequivocal diagnosis of sarcopenia. Proceeding further, we provide a deep-dive into sarcopenia's pathogenesis, offering a thorough examination of associated signaling pathways like the Myostatin, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin/IGF-1 Signaling (IIS), and the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways. Each pathway's role in sarcopenia mediation is detailed, underscoring potential therapeutic target avenues. From a mechanistic perspective, the review also underscores the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia, emphasizing elements such as mitochondrial oxidative overload, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy, and highlighting their therapeutic significance. At last, we capture recent strides made in sarcopenia treatment, ranging from nutritional and exercise interventions to potential pharmacological and supplementation strategies. In sum, this review meticulously synthesizes the latest scientific developments in sarcopenia, aiming to enhance diagnostic precision in clinical practice and provide comprehensive insights into refined mechanistic targets and innovative therapeutic interventions, ultimately contributing to optimized patient care and advancements in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wunderle V, Kuzu TD, Tscherpel C, Fink GR, Grefkes C, Weiss PH. Age- and sex-related changes in motor functions: a comprehensive assessment and component analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1368052. [PMID: 38813530 PMCID: PMC11133706 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1368052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related motor impairments often cause caregiver dependency or even hospitalization. However, comprehensive investigations of the different motor abilities and the changes thereof across the adult lifespan remain sparse. We, therefore, extensively assessed essential basic and complex motor functions in 444 healthy adults covering a wide age range (range 21 to 88 years). Basic motor functions, here defined as simple isolated single or repetitive movements in one direction, were assessed by means of maximum grip strength (GS) and maximum finger-tapping frequency (FTF). Complex motor functions, comprising composite sequential movements involving both proximal and distal joints/muscle groups, were evaluated with the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTT), and the Purdue Pegboard Test. Men achieved higher scores than women concerning GS and FTF, whereas women stacked more pins per time than men during the Purdue Pegboard Test. There was no significant sex effect regarding JTT. We observed a significant but task-specific reduction of basic and complex motor performance scores across the adult lifespan. Linear regression analyses significantly predicted the participants' ages based on motor performance scores (R2 = 0.502). Of note, the ratio between the left- and right-hand performance remained stable across ages for all tests. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed three motor components across all tests that represented dexterity, force, and speed. These components were consistently present in young (21-40 years), middle-aged (41-60 years), and older (61-88 years) adults, as well as in women and men. Based on the three motor components, K-means clustering analysis differentiated high- and low-performing participants across the adult life span. The rich motor data set of 444 healthy participants revealed age- and sex-dependent changes in essential basic and complex motor functions. Notably, the comprehensive assessment allowed for generating robust motor components across the adult lifespan. Our data may serve as a reference for future studies of healthy subjects and patients with motor deficits. Moreover, these findings emphasize the importance of comprehensively assessing different motor functions, including dexterity, force, and speed, to characterize human motor abilities and their age-related decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Wunderle
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Taylan D. Kuzu
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Caroline Tscherpel
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gereon R. Fink
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter H. Weiss
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Licker M, El Manser D, Bonnardel E, Massias S, Soualhi IM, Saint-Leger C, Koeltz A. Multi-Modal Prehabilitation in Thoracic Surgery: From Basic Concepts to Practical Modalities. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2765. [PMID: 38792307 PMCID: PMC11121931 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the invasiveness of thoracic surgery has decreased along with technological advances and better diagnostic tools, whereas the patient's comorbidities and frailty patterns have increased, as well as the number of early cancer stages that could benefit from curative resection. Poor aerobic fitness, nutritional defects, sarcopenia and "toxic" behaviors such as sedentary behavior, smoking and alcohol consumption are modifiable risk factors for major postoperative complications. The process of enhancing patients' physiological reserve in anticipation for surgery is referred to as prehabilitation. Components of prehabilitation programs include optimization of medical treatment, prescription of structured exercise program, correction of nutritional deficits and patient's education to adopt healthier behaviors. All patients may benefit from prehabilitation, which is part of the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs. Faster functional recovery is expected in low-risk patients, whereas better clinical outcome and shorter hospital stay have been demonstrated in higher risk and physically unfit patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Licker
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France; (D.E.M.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (I.M.S.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Diae El Manser
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France; (D.E.M.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (I.M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Eline Bonnardel
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France; (D.E.M.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (I.M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Sylvain Massias
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France; (D.E.M.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (I.M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Islem Mohamed Soualhi
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France; (D.E.M.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (I.M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Charlotte Saint-Leger
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France;
| | - Adrien Koeltz
- Department of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Martinique, F-97200 Fort-de-France, France; (D.E.M.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (I.M.S.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kjeldsen T, Skou ST, Dalgas U, Tønning LU, Ingwersen KG, Birch S, Holm PM, Frydendal T, Garval M, Varnum C, Bibby BM, Mechlenburg I. Progressive Resistance Training or Neuromuscular Exercise for Hip Osteoarthritis : A Multicenter Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Intern Med 2024; 177:573-582. [PMID: 38588540 DOI: 10.7326/m23-3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise is recommended as first-line treatment for patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). However, randomized controlled trials providing evidence for the optimal exercise type are lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether progressive resistance training (PRT) is superior to neuromuscular exercise (NEMEX) for improving functional performance in patients with hip OA. DESIGN Multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled, parallel-group, assessor-blinded, superiority trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04714047). SETTING Hospitals and physiotherapy clinics. PARTICIPANTS 160 participants with clinically diagnosed hip OA were enrolled from 18 January 2021 to 28 April 2023 and randomly assigned to PRT (n = 82) or NEMEX (n = 78). INTERVENTION Twelve weeks of PRT or NEMEX with 2 supervised 60-minute group sessions each week. The PRT intervention consisted of 5 high-intensity resistance training exercises targeting muscles at the hip and knee joints. The NEMEX intervention included 10 exercises and emphasized sensorimotor control and functional stability. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was change in the 30-second chair stand test (30s-CST). Key secondary outcomes were changes in scores on the pain and hip-related quality of life (QoL) subscales of the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS). RESULTS The mean changes from baseline to 12-week follow-up in the 30s-CST were 1.5 (95% CI, 0.9 to 2.1) chair stands with PRT and 1.5 (CI, 0.9 to 2.1) chair stands with NEMEX (difference, 0.0 [CI, -0.8 to 0.8] chair stands). For the HOOS pain subscale, mean changes were 8.6 (CI, 5.3 to 11.8) points with PRT and 9.3 (CI, 5.9 to 12.6) points with NEMEX (difference, -0.7 [CI, -5.3 to 4.0] points). For the HOOS QoL subscale, mean changes were 8.0 (CI, 4.3 to 11.7) points with PRT and 5.7 (CI, 1.9 to 9.5) points with NEMEX (difference, 2.3 [CI, -3.0 to 7.6] points). LIMITATION Participants and physiotherapists were not blinded. CONCLUSION In patients with hip OA, PRT is not superior to NEMEX for improving functional performance, hip pain, or hip-related QoL. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Independent Research Fund Denmark.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Troels Kjeldsen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark (T.K.)
| | - Søren T Skou
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark, and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (S.T.S.)
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (U.D.)
| | - Lisa U Tønning
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (L.U.T.)
| | - Kim G Ingwersen
- Department of Physio- and Occupational Therapy, Lillebaelt Hospital - Vejle, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, and Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (K.G.I.)
| | - Sara Birch
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark; and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark (S.B.)
| | - Pætur M Holm
- The Research and Implementation Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark; Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Function and Physiotherapy, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands (P.M.H.)
| | - Thomas Frydendal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Physio- and Occupational Therapy, Lillebaelt Hospital - Vejle, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (T.F.)
| | - Mette Garval
- Elective Surgery Centre, Regional Hospital Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark (M.G.)
| | - Claus Varnum
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lillebaelt Hospital - Vejle, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (C.V.)
| | - Bo M Bibby
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (B.M.B.)
| | - Inger Mechlenburg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; and Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Silva SLAD, Brito GEGD, Ygnatios NTM, Mambrini JVDM, Lima-Costa MF, Torres JL. [Differences between men and women in the prevalence of frailty and associated factors among older adults: evidence from ELSI-Brazil]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2024; 40:e00144923. [PMID: 38656069 PMCID: PMC11034629 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt144923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on a national representative sample of the population aged 50 years or older, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of frailty among men and women, identify associated sociodemographic and health factors, and estimate the population attributable fraction. Data from the second wave (2019-2021) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) were used. Frailty was classified based on the number of positive items among unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, low level of physical activity, slow gait, and weakness. The main analyses were based on multinomial logistic regression stratified by sex. The prevalence of frailty was lower in men (8.6%; 95%CI: 6.9; 10.7) than in women (11.9%; 95%CI: 9.6; 14.8), with the most frequent item being the low level of physical activity in both. Age and schooling level were the sociodemographic factors associated with pre-frailty and fragility among men and women. The population attributable fraction was different for frailty between genders. In men, the highest population attributable fraction was due to not having a partner (23.5%; 95%CI: 7.7; 39.2) and low schooling level (18.2%; 95%CI: 6.6; 29,7). In women, higher population attributable fraction values were due to memory deficit (17.1%; 95%CI: 7.6; 26.6), vision deficit (13.4%; 95%CI: 5.1; 21.7), and diabetes mellitus (11.4%; 95%CI: 4.6; 18,1). Similar population attributable fraction levels were observed for heart disease (8.9%; 95%CI: 3.8; 14.1 in women and 8.8%; 95%CI: 2.0; 15.6 in men). Strategies aimed at physical activity have the potential to prevent frailty in both men and women, and the prevention of chronic conditions is more important in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nair Tavares Milhem Ygnatios
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | | | - Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Takegaki J, Sase K, Kono Y, Fujita T, Konishi S, Fujita S. Intramuscular injection of mesenchymal stem cells augments basal muscle protein synthesis after bouts of resistance exercise in male mice. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15991. [PMID: 38605421 PMCID: PMC11009371 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass is critical for activities of daily living. Resistance training maintains or increases muscle mass, and various strategies maximize the training adaptation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with differential potency in skeletal muscle cells and the capacity to secrete growth factors. However, little is known regarding the effect of intramuscular injection of MSCs on basal muscle protein synthesis and catabolic systems after resistance training. Here, we measured changes in basal muscle protein synthesis, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy-lysosome system-related factors after bouts of resistance exercise by intramuscular injection of MSCs. Mice performed three bouts of resistance exercise (each consisting of 50 maximal isometric contractions elicited by electrical stimulation) on the right gastrocnemius muscle every 48 h, and immediately after the first bout, mice were intramuscularly injected with either MSCs (2.0 × 106 cells) labeled with green fluorescence protein (GFP) or vehicle only placebo. Seventy-two hours after the third exercise bout, GFP was detected only in the muscle injected with MSCs with concomitant elevation of muscle protein synthesis. The injection of MSCs also increased protein ubiquitination. These results suggest that the intramuscular injection of MSCs augmented muscle protein turnover at the basal state after consecutive resistance exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Takegaki
- Research Organization of Science and TechnologyRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
- Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceKobe UniversityKobeHyogoJapan
| | - Kohei Sase
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Yusuke Kono
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesKobe Pharmaceutical UniversityKobeHyogoJapan
| | - Takuya Fujita
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Swales B, Ryde GC, Whittaker AC. A Mixed Methods Feasibility Study of Machine-Based Resistance Training With Prefrail Older Adults in Residential Care: The Keeping Active in Residential Elderly Trial II. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:244-263. [PMID: 38262397 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity is an effective, proactive intervention to reduce or reverse frailty and functional decline. However, uncertainty exists about the feasibility and impact of resistance training on multidimensional health in prefrail older adults in residential care. This mixed methods feasibility study assessed practicability with limited efficacy testing on health and functional outcomes. Eleven prefrail older adults participated in a 6-week progressive resistance training protocol three times per week. The intervention and measures were found to be appropriate and acceptable by those who completed the trial, with participants self-reporting improved well-being, mood, and function. Analysis identified several barriers to recruitment, including prior commitments, seasonal impact, and session timing, and offered potential solutions with further recommendations for program refinement prior to a definitive randomized controlled trial. These findings add to our understanding of prefrail older adults' preferences regarding participation in physical activity research and the perceived benefits of resistance training. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03141879.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bridgitte Swales
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma C Ryde
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hämäläinen O, Tirkkonen A, Savikangas T, Alén M, Sipilä S, Hautala A. Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:212. [PMID: 38424514 PMCID: PMC10905947 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is an important factor in the development of sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence of sarcopenia and associations of physical activity (PA) with sarcopenia in two exercise trial populations. These study groups are clinically meaningful community-dwelling populations at increased risk for sarcopenia: older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and those with a recent hip fracture (HF). METHODS Data from 313 older adults who did not meet the PA guidelines (60% women; age 74.5 ± 3.8, body mass index 27.9 ± 4.7) and 77 individuals with HF diagnosed on average 70 ± 28 days earlier (75% women; age 79.3 ± 7.1, body mass index 25.3 ± 3.6) were included in this study. Grip strength and muscle mass (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA] in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and bioimpedance analysis in participants with HF) were used to assess sarcopenia according to the European Working Group in Older People 2019 (EWGSOP2) criteria. The current level of PA was self-reported using a question with seven response options in both study groups and was measured with a hip-worn accelerometer for seven consecutive days in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia was 3% (n = 8) and 13% (n = 41) in the older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and 3% (n = 2) and 40% (n = 31) in the HF group, respectively. In the age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression model, the lowest levels of self-reported PA were associated with increased probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk in older adults not meeting the PA guidelines (OR 2.8, 95% CI, 1.3-6.1, p = 0.009) and in the HF group (OR 3.9, 95% CI, 1.4-11.3, p = 0.012). No significant associations between accelerometer-measured PA and probable sarcopenia or sarcopenia were found. CONCLUSIONS Probable sarcopenia is common among community-dwelling older adults not meeting the PA guidelines and very common among individuals recovering from HF who are able to be involved in exercise interventions. In addition, since low PA is associated with higher probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia risk, it is recommended to screen for sarcopenia and promote regular physical activity to prevent sarcopenia in these populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onni Hämäläinen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
- Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Anna Tirkkonen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiina Savikangas
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markku Alén
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arto Hautala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ooi H, Welch C. Obstacles to the Early Diagnosis and Management of Sarcopenia: Current Perspectives. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:323-332. [PMID: 38404480 PMCID: PMC10893890 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s438144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Research in sarcopenia has grown exponentially over the last 15 years in geriatrics and gerontology, as well as other specialties, including oncology and hepatology. There is now strong evidence for the role of resistance exercise to prevent declines in muscle strength and function, especially when combined with nutritional optimization with protein supplementation. However, there remains a disparity between research evidence and clinical practice. There are multiple factors for this, which relate to the current diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, practical and logistical aspects of diagnosis of sarcopenia, clinician knowledge of both diagnosis and management, and the availability of pathways for interventions. Sarcopenia is currently defined based on the identification of muscle strength, in combination with muscle size or quality, below cut-off thresholds at a single timepoint. This defines sarcopenia as a binary process of either present or not present, thus early diagnosis can be challenging. In this article, we summarize current obstacles to early diagnosis and management of sarcopenia in clinical practice, and make recommendations to how these might be overcome. This includes our recommendation of incorporation of handgrip strength measurement into standard care, to enable dynamic assessment and identification of early declines in handgrip strength, so that interventions can be implemented to prevent disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoyli Ooi
- Department of Ageing and Health, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
| | - Carly Welch
- Department of Ageing and Health, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, St Thomas’ Campus, King’s College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lugtenburg A, Zuidersma M, Rius Ottenheim N, Rhebergen D, Oude Voshaar RC. Age-related subtypes of late life depression and mortality: A prospective clinical cohort study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 39:e6064. [PMID: 38342779 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Late Life Depression (LLD) is associated with increased mortality rates, but it remains unclear which depressed patients are at increased risk. This study examined the mortality risk of previously identified subgroups of depressed older patients based on age-related clinical features (the presence of physical and cognitive frailty). METHODS A six-year follow-up of a clinical cohort study including 375 depressed older patients and 132 non-depressed persons (NESDO). Depressed patients were diagnosed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) according to DSM-IV criteria and classified by latent profile analysis on depressive symptom severity, cognitive domains and physical frailty. We estimated the hazard rate of mortality for the four depressed subgroups compared to non-depressed persons by applying Cox-regression analyses. Models were adjusted for age, sex and education as confounders and for explanatory variables per pathway in separate models: somatic burden, lifestyle characteristics, vascular burden or inflammation markers. RESULTS A total of 61/375 (16.3%) depressed patients and 8/132 (6.1%) non-depressed persons died during the 6-year follow-up. Two of the four subgroups (n = 186/375 (50%) of the depressed sample) had a higher hazard rate (HR) for mortality compared to non-depressed participants, that is, frail-depressed patients (HR = 5.25, [95%-CI: 2.13-13.0]) and pure mild depressed patients (HR = 3.32 [95%-CI: 1.46-7.58]) adjusted for confounders. Adding possible underlying pathways did not explain these associations. CONCLUSIONS Age-related features (the presence of physical and cognitive frailty) contribute to the increased mortality risk in late-life depression. Future studies in depressed older patients should study the additional value of a clinical geriatric assessment and integrated treatment aimed to at reduce frailty and ameliorate their mortality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Lugtenburg
- Department Old Age Psychiatry, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Marij Zuidersma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Didi Rhebergen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC-Location VU University Medical Center & GGZ Centraal Specialized Mental Health Care, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center for Psychiatry, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paluch AE, Boyer WR, Franklin BA, Laddu D, Lobelo F, Lee DC, McDermott MM, Swift DL, Webel AR, Lane A. Resistance Exercise Training in Individuals With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: 2023 Update: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e217-e231. [PMID: 38059362 PMCID: PMC11209834 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Resistance training not only can improve or maintain muscle mass and strength, but also has favorable physiological and clinical effects on cardiovascular disease and risk factors. This scientific statement is an update of the previous (2007) American Heart Association scientific statement regarding resistance training and cardiovascular disease. Since 2007, accumulating evidence suggests resistance training is a safe and effective approach for improving cardiovascular health in adults with and without cardiovascular disease. This scientific statement summarizes the benefits of resistance training alone or in combination with aerobic training for improving traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. We also address the utility of resistance training for promoting cardiovascular health in varied healthy and clinical populations. Because less than one-third of US adults report participating in the recommended 2 days per week of resistance training activities, this scientific statement provides practical strategies for the promotion and prescription of resistance training.
Collapse
|
16
|
Debes WA, Sadaqa M, Németh Z, Aldardour A, Prémusz V, Hock M. Effect of Resistance Exercise on Body Composition and Functional Capacity in Older Women with Sarcopenic Obesity-A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:441. [PMID: 38256574 PMCID: PMC10817090 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance exercise has shown effectiveness in reducing various risk factors related to sarcopenic obesity (SO) compared to other types of exercise, e.g., aerobic exercise. OBJECTIVE This systematic review evaluates the effect of resistance exercise on body composition, muscular strength, and functional capacity among older women with sarcopenic obesity aged ≥ 60 years. METHODS This systematic review is registered on PROSPERO (registration No. CRD42023394603) and follows the PRISMA guidelines. The following electronic databases were used to search the literature: Pedro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. We included only RCTs that investigated the effect of resistance exercise on body composition and functional capacity. Two independent reviewers conducted the process of study selection and data extraction. RESULTS The search strategy retrieved 687 results. One hundred and twenty-six records were deleted as duplicates. Consequently, 534 studies were excluded after the title/abstract assessment. After further detailed evaluation of twenty-seven full texts, seven RCTs were included; all the RCTs examined the isolated effect of resistance exercise in women with sarcopenic obesity. The included studies comprised 306 participants, with an average age of 64 to 72 years. We noticed a trend of improvement in the included studies among the intervention groups compared to the control groups among the different outcomes. The study protocol was inconsistent for the intervention settings, duration, and outcomes. Including a modest number of trials made it impossible to perform data meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS Heterogeneity among studies regarding training protocols and the outcome measures reported limited robust conclusions. Still, resistance exercise intervention can improve body composition and functional capacity among elderly women with sarcopenic obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam A. Debes
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7621 Pecs, Hungary; (W.A.D.); (M.S.); (Z.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Munseef Sadaqa
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7621 Pecs, Hungary; (W.A.D.); (M.S.); (Z.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Zsanett Németh
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7621 Pecs, Hungary; (W.A.D.); (M.S.); (Z.N.); (M.H.)
| | - Ahmad Aldardour
- Physical Therapy Department, Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar;
| | - Viktória Prémusz
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7621 Pecs, Hungary
- Physical Activity Research Group, Szentágothai Research Centre, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Márta Hock
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7621 Pecs, Hungary; (W.A.D.); (M.S.); (Z.N.); (M.H.)
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pecs, 7621 Pecs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Frost R, Lowe A, Pinto Pereira SM. "It Makes You Feel Alive and Younger…but It's Stressful …My Back and Legs Ache": A Focus Group Study Encouraging Resistance Training Around Retirement. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:59-68. [PMID: 37699594 PMCID: PMC10693719 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231193562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness is a key component of age-related conditions such as sarcopenia and frailty. Resistance training is highly effective at preventing and treating muscle weakness; however, few adults meet recommended levels. Retirement may be a key life-stage to promote resistance training. We carried out a virtual focus group study to explore motivators and barriers to resistance training around the time of retirement, with the aim of determining strategies and messages to increase its uptake. The five focus groups (n = 30) were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. We found that resistance training was positively viewed when associated with immediate and long-term health and wellbeing benefits and had a social dimension; but there was a lack of understanding as to what constitutes resistance training, the required intensity level for effects; the role of pain; and the consequences of muscle weakness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Frost
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Lowe
- The Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Snehal M. Pinto Pereira
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pleguezuelos E, Sánchez-Nuño S, Del Carmen A, Serra-Payá N, Moreno E, Molina-Raya L, Robleda G, Benet M, Santos-Ruiz S, Garrido AB, Jerez-Molina C, Miravitlles M, Serra-Prat M, Viñals X, Farrés MG, Carbonell T, Garnacho-Castaño MV. Effect of different types of supervised exercise programs on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, pain, fatigue, mental health and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae "EJerSA-COVID-19": a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:865. [PMID: 38102536 PMCID: PMC10724883 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with COVID-19 present the so-called post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 such as fatigue, post-stress discomfort, dyspnea, headache, pain mental impairment, incapacity to perform daily physical tasks ant exercise intolerance. This study aims to investigate the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. METHODS The sample will be made up of 120 eligible participants, over the age of 60 years who have had COVID-19 disease and are survivors and present persistent COVID-19 symptomatology diagnosed by the corresponding physician. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental groups: supervised endurance group (SEG, n = 30), supervised strength group (SSG, n = 30), supervised concurrent group (SCG, n = 30), which will perform the corresponding exercise program 3 days a week compared to the control group (CG, n = 30), which will not carry out a supervised exercise program. The design of this project will include measurements of four relevant dimensions; 1) Cardiorespiratory fitness; 2) Muscle fitness; 3) Pain and mental health; and 4) Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study will provide insights into the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. These findings may be the basis for the formulation of health plans and rehabilitation programs that allow healthy aging and a reduction in the associated morbidity in patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05848518. Registered on May 8, 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eulogio Pleguezuelos
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y Sanitarias. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Sánchez-Nuño
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amin Del Carmen
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Serra-Payá
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Moreno
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital General de Hospitalet, L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Molina-Raya
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Robleda
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Benet
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Santos-Ruiz
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainoa Biurrun Garrido
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Jerez-Molina
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Miravitlles
- Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitari Vall d'HebronVall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Campus Hospital Barcelona, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mateu Serra-Prat
- Unidad de InvestigaciónConsorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Viñals
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Girabent Farrés
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel V Garnacho-Castaño
- Grupo de Investigación DAFNiS (Dolor, Actividad Física, Nutrición y Salud), Campus Docent Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Sant, C. de Sta. Benito Menni, 18-20, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tohyama M, Shirai Y, Kokura Y, Momosaki R. Nutritional Care and Rehabilitation for Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Malnutrition. Nutrients 2023; 15:4908. [PMID: 38068766 PMCID: PMC10708385 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty, sarcopenia, and malnutrition are highly prevalent among the older population [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Tohyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yuka Shirai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Nutrition, Hamamatsu Medicine University Hospital, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yoji Kokura
- Department of Nutritional Management, Keiju Hatogaoka Integrated Facility for Medical and Long-Term Care, Hosu 927-0023, Japan;
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mennella C, Maniscalco U, Pietro GD, Esposito M. A deep learning system to monitor and assess rehabilitation exercises in home-based remote and unsupervised conditions. Comput Biol Med 2023; 166:107485. [PMID: 37742419 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In the domain of physical rehabilitation, the progress in machine learning and the availability of cost-effective motion capture technologies have paved the way for innovative systems capable of capturing human movements, automatically analyzing recorded data, and evaluating movement quality. This study introduces a novel, economically viable system designed for monitoring and assessing rehabilitation exercises. The system enables real-time evaluation of exercises, providing precise insights into deviations from correct execution. The evaluation comprises two significant components: range of motion (ROM) classification and compensatory pattern recognition. To develop and validate the effectiveness of the system, a unique dataset of 6 resistance training exercises was acquired. The proposed system demonstrated impressive capabilities in motion monitoring and evaluation. Notably, we achieved promising results, with mean accuracies of 89% for evaluating ROM-class and 98% for classifying compensatory patterns. By complementing conventional rehabilitation assessments conducted by skilled clinicians, this cutting-edge system has the potential to significantly improve rehabilitation practices. Additionally, its integration in home-based rehabilitation programs can greatly enhance patient outcomes and increase access to high-quality care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Mennella
- Institute for High-Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR) - Research National Council of Italy (CNR), Italy.
| | - Umberto Maniscalco
- Institute for High-Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR) - Research National Council of Italy (CNR), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe De Pietro
- Institute for High-Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR) - Research National Council of Italy (CNR), Italy
| | - Massimo Esposito
- Institute for High-Performance Computing and Networking (ICAR) - Research National Council of Italy (CNR), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Silva AC, Pereira MA, Peixoto LM, Rosse IC, Júnior JBF, de Oliveira EC, Becker LK, Coelho DB. 12 weeks of resistance training with progressive intensity improves the diagnostic parameters of sarcopenia in individuals of advanced age. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 54:60-65. [PMID: 37703691 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) with progressive intensity on factors associated with sarcopenia in older individuals. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 74 participants (64.27 ± 7.06-y-old) who were divided into a control group (n = 37) and an intervention group (n = 37). The intervention group underwent 12 weeks of RT three times a week, with an initial training of 60% and final training of 85% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Both groups were evaluated before and after the 12-week training period to assess improvements in strength and physical performance. RESULTS The intervention group showed an increase in physical performance, as evidenced by a reduction in the time to perform the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test (p < 0.01) and the Five Times Sit to Stand Test (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the RT proved to be efficient for increasing hand grip and overall muscular strength, as confirmed through the 1RM test. However, the muscle mass index (MMI) and walking speed did not show any significant alterations in both groups. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 12 weeks of RT with progressive intensity has a positive effect on the diagnostic parameters of sarcopenia, leading to improvements in physical performance and muscular strength while maintaining the MMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Silva
- School of Nutrition and Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Milton Amaral Pereira
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory - School of Physical Education, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lilian Maria Peixoto
- School of Nutrition and Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izinara Cruz Rosse
- School of Phamarcy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Emerson Cruz de Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lenice Kappes Becker
- School of Physical Education and Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Barbosa Coelho
- School of Physical Education and Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schilling R, Schmidt SCE, Fiedler J, Woll A. Associations between physical activity, physical fitness, and body composition in adults living in Germany: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293555. [PMID: 37883524 PMCID: PMC10602354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Body composition (BC) changes with age and is associated with morbidity and mortality. A physically active lifestyle influences BC and represents an important predictor of successful aging. To emphasize this, the World Health Organization established activity recommendations for all age groups. We describe BC during adulthood using a cross-sectional sample from a German community and investigate the associations between physical activity (PA), physical fitness (PF), and BC. METHODS Data from 329 men and women aged 35 to 86 years were analyzed. PA was measured by questionnaire and classified into sport activity and habitual activity. PF was measured through physical performance tests and BC by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated to represent height-adjusted BC. Associations between PA, PF, and BC were analyzed using linear regression models. RESULTS For both sexes, strength was positively associated with FFMI (♂: ß = 0.313; ♀: ß = 0.213) and phase angle (♂: ß = 0.357; ♀: ß = 0.409). For FMI, a significant negative association with strength was found only in women (ß = -0.189). Cardiorespiratory fitness showed a negative association with FMI (ß = -0.312) and FFMI (ß = -0.201) for men, while in women a positive association was found for FFMI (ß = 0.186). For coordination, a significant association with FMI was observed only in women (ß = -0.190). Regarding PA only one significant relationship between sport activity and FMI among women (ß = -0.170) was found. CONCLUSIONS In our sample, PF was closer related to BC than PA. Strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were the strongest predictors for BC. This supports the World Health Organization's activity recommendations to include both resistance and endurance training in the weekly sports program to maintain a healthy BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Schilling
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Steffen C. E. Schmidt
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Janis Fiedler
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Delaire L, Courtay A, Humblot J, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Mourey F, Racine AN, Gilbert T, Niasse-Sy Z, Bonnefoy M. Implementation and Core Components of a Multimodal Program including Exercise and Nutrition in Prevention and Treatment of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4100. [PMID: 37836384 PMCID: PMC10574358 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing disability-free life expectancy is a crucial issue to optimize active ageing and to reduce the burden of evitable medical costs. One of the main challenges is to develop pragmatic and personalized prevention strategies in order to prevent frailty, counteract adverse outcomes such as falls and mobility disability, and to improve quality of life. Strong evidence reports the effectiveness of exercise interventions to improve various physical parameters and muscle function that are cornerstones of frailty. Other findings also suggest that the interactions between nutrition and physical exercise with or without health behavior promotion prevent the development of frailty. Multimodal programs, including structured exercise, adequate dietary intervention and health behavior promotion, appear increasingly consensual. However, in order for implementation in real-life settings, some pitfalls need to be addressed. In this perspective, structuring and tailoring feasible, acceptable and sustainable interventions to optimize exercise training responses are essential conditions to warrant short, medium and long-term individual benefits. The different components of exercise programs appear to be fairly consensual and effective. However, specific composition of the programs proposed (frequency, intensity, type, time, volume and progressiveness) have to be tailored to individual characteristics and objectives in order to improve exercise responses. The intervention approaches, behavioral strategies and indications for these programs also need to be refined and framed. The main objective of this work is to guide the actions of healthcare professionals and enable them to widely and effectively implement multimodal programs including exercise, nutrition and behavioral strategies in real-life settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leo Delaire
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Aymeric Courtay
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Joannès Humblot
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre
- Centre de Recherche de L’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada;
- Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Département des Sciences de l’Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM), Montréal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada
| | - France Mourey
- Laboratoire CAPS (Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice), Inserm U1093, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne, Campus Universitaire, BP 27877, 21078 Dijon, France;
| | | | - Thomas Gilbert
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
- RESHAPE Research on Healthcare Professionals and Performance, Inserm U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Zeinabou Niasse-Sy
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Marc Bonnefoy
- Service de Médecine du Vieillissement, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; (A.C.); (J.H.); (T.G.); (Z.N.-S.); (M.B.)
- Programme «Bien sur ses Jambes», Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
- Inserm U1060-CarMeN, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Edouard P, Nunes JP, Koral J, Thornton JS, Kemp JL, Gronwald T. Just start and keep training! What is the best resistance training prescription for strength and hypertrophy? Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:1161-1162. [PMID: 37407091 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology, EA 7424, Université Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - João Pedro Nunes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Jérôme Koral
- Laboratory of Sport, Expertise and Performance, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Jane S Thornton
- Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanne L Kemp
- Latrobe Sports Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cuyul-Vásquez I, Pezo-Navarrete J, Vargas-Arriagada C, Ortega-Díaz C, Sepúlveda-Loyola W, Hirabara SM, Marzuca-Nassr GN. Effectiveness of Whey Protein Supplementation during Resistance Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in Older People with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3424. [PMID: 37571361 PMCID: PMC10421506 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of whey protein (WP) supplementation during resistance exercise training (RET) vs. RET with or without placebo supplementation on skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in older people with Sarcopenia. METHODS Electronic searches in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, Epistemonikos, and CINAHL databases were performed until 20 January 2023. Randomized clinical trials conducted on sarcopenic adults aged 60 or older were included. The studies had to compare the effectiveness of the addition of supplements based on concentrated, isolated, or hydrolyzed whey protein during RET and compare it with RET with or without placebo supplementation on skeletal muscle mass and strength changes. The study selection process, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Seven randomized clinical trials (591 participants) were included, and five of them provided data for quantitative synthesis. The overall pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) estimate showed a small effect size in favor of RET plus WP for skeletal muscle mass according to appendicular muscle index, with statistically significant differences compared with RET with or without the placebo group (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.42; p = 0.01; I2 = 0%, p = 0.42). The overall pooled mean difference (MD) estimate showed a significant difference of +2.31 kg (MD = 2.31 kg; 95% CI, 0.01 to 4.6; p = 0.05; I2 = 81%, p < 0.001) in handgrip strength in the RET plus WP group compared with the RET group with or without placebo. The narrative synthesis revealed discordance between the results of the studies on physical performance. CONCLUSIONS WP supplementation during RET is more effective in increasing handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass in older people with Sarcopenia compared with RET with or without placebo supplementation. However, the effect sizes were small, and the MD did not exceed the minimally important clinical difference. The quality of the evidence was low to very low according, to the GRADE approach. Further research is needed in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Cuyul-Vásquez
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (I.C.-V.); (J.P.-N.); (C.V.-A.); (C.O.-D.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile
| | - José Pezo-Navarrete
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (I.C.-V.); (J.P.-N.); (C.V.-A.); (C.O.-D.)
| | - Cristina Vargas-Arriagada
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (I.C.-V.); (J.P.-N.); (C.V.-A.); (C.O.-D.)
| | - Cynthia Ortega-Díaz
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (I.C.-V.); (J.P.-N.); (C.V.-A.); (C.O.-D.)
| | - Walter Sepúlveda-Loyola
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Las Americas, Santiago 8370040, Chile;
| | - Sandro Massao Hirabara
- Interdisciplinary Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Talca 3460000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sabag A, Chang CR, Francois ME, Keating SE, Coombes JS, Johnson NA, Pastor-Valero M, Rey Lopez JP. The Effect of Exercise on Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1353-1365. [PMID: 36924331 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise is a proven therapy for managing cardiometabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, its effects on patient-reported outcome measures such as quality of life (QoL) in people with T2D remain unclear. Consequently, the primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of regular exercise on QoL in adults with T2D. A secondary aim was to determine the effect of different exercise modalities on QoL. The third aim was to determine whether improvements in QoL were associated with improvements in gly'cated hemoglobin (A1C). METHODS Relevant databases were searched to May 2022. Eligible studies included randomized trials involving ≥2 wk of aerobic and/or resistance exercise and assessed QoL using a purpose-specific tool. Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated as standardized mean difference (SMD) or weighted mean difference. A regression analysis was undertaken to examine the interaction between change in QoL with change in A1C. RESULTS Of the 12,642 studies retrieved, 29 were included involving 2354 participants. Exercise improved QoL when compared with control (SMD, 0.384; 95% CI, 0.257 to 0.512; P < 0.001). Aerobic exercise, alone (SMD, 0.475; 95% CI, 0.295 to 0.655; P < 0.001) or in combination with resistance training (SMD, 0.363; 95% CI, 0.179 to 0.548; P < 0.001) improved QoL, whereas resistance training alone did not. Physical components of health-related QoL (HRQoL) improved with all exercise modalities, but mental components of HRQoL remained unchanged. Exercise improved A1C (mean difference, -0.509%; 95% CI, -0.806% to -0.212%; P = 0.001), and this change was associated with improvements in HRQoL ( β = -0.305, SE = 0.140, Z = -2.18, P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS These results provide robust evidence that regular aerobic exercise alone or in combination with resistance training is effective for improving QoL in adults with T2D. Such improvements seem to be mediated by improvements in physical components of HRQoL and are associated with improved blood glucose control. Further studies should be undertaken to determine the relative importance of exercise duration, intensity, and frequency on patient-reported outcomes such as QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Courtney R Chang
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Monique E Francois
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA
| | - Shelley E Keating
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AUSTRALIA
| | - Jeff S Coombes
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AUSTRALIA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang HJ, Hong YP, Yoon TY, Ryoo JH, Choi JM, Oh CM. Independent and Synergistic Associations of Aerobic Physical Activity and Resistance Exercise with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gut Liver 2023; 17:600-609. [PMID: 36928126 PMCID: PMC10352066 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims This study aimed to examine the independent and synergistic association of aerobic physical activity and resistance exercise with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using a nationwide representative database. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey between 2007 and 2010. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the independent and synergistic (additive interaction) associations of aerobic physical activity and resistance exercise with NAFLD after adjusting for multiple covariates. Results The prevalence of NAFLD was 26.2% for men and 17.6% for women. In the fully adjusted multiple logistic regression model to examine the independent association of aerobic physical activity or resistance exercise with NAFLD, the odds ratios for NAFLD were significantly decreased in both men (p=0.03) and women (p<0.01) who had highly active aerobic physical activity. Regarding the frequency of resistance exercise, the odds ratio for NAFLD was decreased in men who did resistance exercise ≥5 days per week (p=0.04), but not in women (p=0.19). However, when investigating the synergistic associations of aerobic physical activity and resistance exercise, the odds ratios for NAFLD significantly decreased when the frequency of both exercises increased together in both men (p for interaction <0.01) and women (p for interaction<0.01). Conclusions Combining aerobic physical activity and resistance exercise had a synergistic preventive association for NAFLD in Korean men and women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jun Yang
- Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Pyo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tai-Young Yoon
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Ryoo
- Departments of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong-Myung Choi
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Oh
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhu Y, Zhou X, Zhu A, Xiong S, Xie J, Bai Z. Advances in exercise to alleviate sarcopenia in older adults by improving mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1196426. [PMID: 37476691 PMCID: PMC10355810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1196426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a chronic degenerative disease affecting primarily older adults. A growing aging population is gradually increasing the number of patients suffering from sarcopenia, placing increasing financial pressure on patients' families and society in general. There is a strong link between mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia pathogenesis. As a result, treating sarcopenia by improving mitochondrial dysfunction is an effective strategy. Numerous studies have demonstrated that exercise has a positive effect on mitochondrial dysfunction when treating sarcopenia. Exercise promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial fusion/division to add new mitochondria or improve dysfunctional mitochondria while maintaining mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial antioxidant defense system, and mitochondrial autophagy to promote normal mitochondrial function. Furthermore, exercise can reduce mitochondrial damage caused by aging by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial DNA damage, and mitochondrial apoptosis. Exercise effectiveness depends on several factors, including exercise duration, exercise intensity, and exercise form. Therefore, Moderate-intensity exercise over 4 weeks potentially mitigates sarcopenia in older adults by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. HIIT has demonstrated potential as a viable approach to addressing sarcopenia in aged rats. However, further investigation is required to validate its efficacy in treating sarcopenia in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhenmin Bai
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shoemaker ME, Gillen ZM, Fukuda DH, Cramer JT. Metabolic Flexibility and Inflexibility: Pathology Underlying Metabolism Dysfunction. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4453. [PMID: 37445488 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility can be defined as the ability of the skeletal muscle to adjust its utilization of substrate pathways [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marni E Shoemaker
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Zachary M Gillen
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, 180 Magruder Street, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - David H Fukuda
- School of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Joel T Cramer
- College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bagheri R, Shakibaee A, Camera DM, Sobhani V, Ghobadi H, Nazar E, Fakhari H, Dutheil F. Effects of 8 weeks of resistance training in combination with a high protein diet on body composition, muscular performance, and markers of liver and kidney function in untrained older ex-military men. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1205310. [PMID: 37457969 PMCID: PMC10342203 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1205310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of a high protein diet in combination with chronic resistance training (RT) on skeletal muscle adaptation responses in untrained older ex-military men is unknown. Therefore, we compared the effects of 8 weeks of RT in combination with either a high (1.6 g/kg/d) or low protein diet (0.8 g/kg/d) on body composition [skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and body fat percentage (BFP)], muscular strength, power, and endurance (upper and lower body), markers of liver [alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)] and kidney (creatinine and urea) function, and lipid profile low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and cholesterol levels in a cohort of healthy, untrained older ex-military males. Methods Forty healthy untrained older ex-military males (age: 61 ± 2 yr, body mass index: 23.2 ± 1.3 kg.m-2) performed 8 weeks (three sessions·w-1) of RT with either 1.6 g/kg/d (RHP; n = 20) or 0.8 g/kg/d of protein (RLP; n = 20). Body composition (assessed by Inbody 720), muscular strength (1-RM for chest and leg press), power (Wingate test), endurance (75% 1-RM for chest and leg press), and markers of liver and kidney function (biochemical kits) were assessed pre and post-intervention. Results SMM and muscular strength (upper and lower body) increased post-intervention in both groups and were significantly greater in RHP compared to RLP, while muscular power increased to the same extent in both groups (p < 0.05) with no between-group differences (p > 0.05). In contrast, there were no post-intervention changes in muscular endurance, HDL, and BFP remained in either group (p > 0.05). ALT and creatinine significantly increased in RHP compared to RLP while GGT, AST, and urea only increased in the RLP group (p < 0.05). LDL and cholesterol significantly decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion A daily intake of 1.6 g/kg/d protein was superior to 0.8 g/kg/d (current recommended daily intake) for promoting greater improvements in SMM and muscle strength and thus may be a more suitable level of intake for promoting such adaptive responses. Notwithstanding observed between-group differences in ALT and creatinine and the fact that levels remained within normal ranges, it is feasible to conclude that this daily protein intake is efficacious and well tolerated by healthy, untrained older ex-military males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bagheri
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shakibaee
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donny M. Camera
- Department of Health and Biostatistics, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vahid Sobhani
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghobadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Eisa Nazar
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hadi Fakhari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fred Dutheil
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
da Silva LSL, Gonçalves LDS, Abdalla PP, Benjamim CJR, Tasinafo MF, Venturini ACR, Bohn L, Mota J, Marcos-Pardo PJ, Kemmler W, dos Santos AP, Machado DRL. Characteristics of resistance training-based protocols in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: a scoping review of training procedure recommendations. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1179832. [PMID: 37234555 PMCID: PMC10206023 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1179832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical and functional disease characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia. Resistance training (RT) characteristics for older adults with sarcopenia or obesity are already well established in the scientific literature. Nonetheless, we still do not know how detailed the RT protocols are described for older adults with SO. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the characteristics of RT programs, including each of their variables, recommended for older adults with SO. Methods This is a scoping review study that was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Scoping Reviews. The search was carried out until November 2022 in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Google Scholar, and medRxiv databases. The studies included SO diagnosis and RT as an intervention strategy. The RT variables analyzed were as follows: exercise selection, the volume of sets, the intensity of load, repetition cadence, rest interval between sets, and weekly frequency. Results A total of 1,693 studies were identified. After applying the exclusion criteria, 15 studies were included in the final analysis. The duration of the RT intervention ranged from 8 to 24 weeks. All studies included full-body routines, with single/multi-joint exercises. Regarding the volume of sets, some studies fixed it in three sets, whereas others varied between one and three sets. The load was reported by repetition range and the weight lifted, elastic-band color/resistance, percentage of one repetition maximum, or perceived exertion scale. Repetition cadence was fixed in some studies, while it was self-selected between concentric and eccentric phases in others. The interval between sets of rest varied from 30 to 180 s. All studies reported progression overload during the interventions. Not all studies reported how the exercise selection, repetition cadence, and rest interval were made. Conclusion The characteristics of RT protocols and their variables prescribed in the literature for older adults with SO were mapped. The lack of detail on some training variables (i.e., exercise selection, repetition cadence, and rest interval) was identified. RT protocols are heterogeneous and described only partially among studies. The recommendations for RT prescription details in older adults with SO are provided for future studies. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/wzk3d/.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leonardo da Silva Gonçalves
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Pedro Pugliesi Abdalla
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio Fernando Tasinafo
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Rossini Venturini
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lucimere Bohn
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport, Lusófona University, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo
- Neuropsychological Evaluation and Rehabilitation (CERNEP) Research Centre, Scientific Projects Organization and Research Training (SPORT) Research Group (CTS-1024), Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes, Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Pereira dos Santos
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Study and Research Group in Anthropometry, Training, and Sport (GEPEATE), School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Educação e Comunicação, Campus da Penha, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
SeyedAlinaghi S, Ghayomzadeh M, Mirzapour P, Maroufi SF, Pashaei Z, Ali Z, Tantuoyir MM, Aghaie N, Vahedi F, Salmani R, MohsseniPour M, Qaderi K, Shahidi R, Peyman A, Varshochi S, Afzalian A, Maroufi SP, Mehraeen E, Dadras O, Hackett D. A systematic review of sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors in people living with human immunodeficiency virus. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023. [PMID: 36929581 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) appear to be at an increased risk of sarcopenia, which can have a devastating effect on their life due to consequences such as physical disability, poor quality of life, and finally death. This systematic review examined sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. A systematic search was conducted using the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases from the dates of inception up to May 2022. The retrieved articles underwent a two-step title/abstract and full-text review process, and the eligible papers were selected and included in the qualitative synthesis. Data relating to the study population, purpose of study, gender, age, race, body mass index, medical history, paraclinical results and antiretroviral therapy as associated factors of sarcopenia were extracted. In addition, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PLWH and its promoting and reducing factors were also extracted. We reviewed the 14 related studies for identifying of sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. The total number of PLWH in all the reviewed studies was 2592. There was no criterion for the minimum number of people with HIV and the lowest number of PLWH was 27, and the highest number was 860. Some studies reported a significantly higher prevalence of sarcopenia in HIV-infected individuals compared with HIV-negative controls as follows: 24.2-6.7%, 15-4% and 10-6%, respectively. We showed that, age (30-50 years), being female, >5 years post-HIV diagnosis, multiple vertebral fractures, cocaine/heroin use and lower gamma-glutamyl transferase level were the main promoting factors of sarcopenia. Higher educational level, employment, physical exercise, calf circumference >31 cm, and gait speed >0.8 m/s were also factors to reduce sarcopenia. Sarcopenia prevalence in PLWH is higher than HIV-negative population. Given the importance and prevalence of sarcopenia among PLWH and its associated consequences (i.e., mortality and disability), determining its risk factors is of great importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghayomzadeh
- Physical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pegah Mirzapour
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Pashaei
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zoha Ali
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marcarious M Tantuoyir
- School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Biomedical Engineering Unit, University of Ghana Medical Center (UGMC), Accra, Ghana
| | - Narjes Aghaie
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzin Vahedi
- School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Salmani
- Department of Midwifery, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Mehrzad MohsseniPour
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kowsar Qaderi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ramin Shahidi
- School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Akram Peyman
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Varshochi
- School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arian Afzalian
- School of medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Esmaeil Mehraeen
- Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Omid Dadras
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniel Hackett
- Physical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Juesas A, Gargallo P, Gene-Morales J, Babiloni-López C, Saez-Berlanga A, Jiménez-Martínez P, Casaña J, Benitez-Martinez JC, Ramirez-Campillo R, Chulvi-Medrano I, Colado JC. Effects of Microfiltered Seawater Intake and Variable Resistance Training on Strength, Bone Health, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Older Women: A 32-Week Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4700. [PMID: 36981609 PMCID: PMC10048547 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to explore the effects of a 32-week resistance training (RT) intervention with elastic bands with or without microfiltered seawater (SW) supplementation on isokinetic strength, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and subjective quality of life in postmenopausal women. Ninety-three untrained women (age: 70.00 ± 6.26 years; body mass index: 22.05 ± 3.20 kg/m2; body fat: 37.77 ± 6.38%; 6.66 ± 1.01 s up-and-go test) voluntarily participated in this randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. Participants were allocated into four groups (RT+SW, RT+PLA, CON+SW, and CON+PLA). The RT intervention (twice weekly) consisted of different exercises for the whole body performed at submaximal intensities with elastic bands. Both control groups were not involved in any exercise program. A two-way mixed analysis of variance of repeated measures revealed significant improvements in almost all the variables in both intervention groups (p < 0.05). However, significant differences with controls were encountered in isokinetic strength, body fat percentage, and bodily pain. Although the group with SW supplementation obtained greater effect sizes, non-significant differences between both RT groups were observed. In conclusion, the determinant factor of the adaptations seems to be RT rather than SW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Juesas
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gargallo
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Gene-Morales
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Babiloni-López
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Angel Saez-Berlanga
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo Jiménez-Martínez
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- ICEN Institute, 28840 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep C. Benitez-Martinez
- Research Group in Physiotherapy Technology and Recovering (FTR), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Ivan Chulvi-Medrano
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan C. Colado
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ueyama H, Kanemoto N, Minoda Y, Taniguchi Y, Nakamura H. Perioperative Essential Amino Acid Supplementation Facilitates Quadriceps Muscle Strength and Volume Recovery After TKA: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023; 105:345-353. [PMID: 36856692 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.22.00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation suppresses lower-limb muscle atrophy and promotes functional improvement in the first 4 weeks after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, its effect on the recovery of muscle volume and strength in the intermediate term is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of perioperative EAA supplementation on the recovery of lower-limb muscle volume and strength in the 2 years after TKA. METHODS Sixty patients who underwent unilateral TKA for primary knee osteoarthritis were included in this double-blinded randomized controlled trial. After excluding dropouts, 26 patients assigned to the EAA group (9 g/day) and 26 assigned to the placebo group (powdered lactose, 9 g/day) were available for analysis. Patients received EAA supplementation or a placebo from 1 week prior to surgery to 2 weeks after it. The rectus femoris muscle area was measured using ultrasonography and quadriceps muscle strength was measured isometrically with a handheld dynamometer, preoperatively and periodically up to 2 years postoperatively. Knee pain, knee range of motion, functional mobility, and Knee Society Score 2011 subjective scores were measured at each time point. Perioperative management, except for supplementation, was identical in the 2 groups. RESULTS Taking the baseline as 100%, the mean values in the EAA and placebo groups were 134% ± 31% and 114% ± 27%, respectively, for the rectus femoris muscle area and 159% ± 54% and 125% ± 40% for the quadriceps muscle strength, respectively, at 2 years after surgery. The differences were significant (p < 0.05). Clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative EAA supplementation contributes to the recovery of rectus femoris muscle volume and quadriceps muscle strength in the 2 years after TKA. The EAA supplementation did not impact clinical outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ueyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tanabe Central Hospital, Tanabe City, Wakayama, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Narihiro Kanemoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tanabe Central Hospital, Tanabe City, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yukihide Minoda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tanabe Central Hospital, Tanabe City, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Burton E, Hill KD, Codde J, Jacques A, Ng YL, Hill AM. Encouraging Adults Aged 65 and over to Participate in Resistance Training by Linking Them with a Peer: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3248. [PMID: 36833942 PMCID: PMC9963296 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Resistance training (RT) is beneficial for older adults, particularly to support living independently in their home. However, fewer than 25% of older adults in Australia participate in the recommended, twice-weekly sessions. Reasons older adults do not participate in RT include not having anyone to go with or not knowing what to do. Our study linked older adults with a peer (i.e., older person already participating in RT) to help them overcome these barriers. The aim of our study was to determine whether peer support was suitable for older adults participating in RT for the first time in the home or gymnasium setting. Each group (home vs. gymnasium) received a 6 week, twice-weekly program. Twenty-one participants completed the 6 week intervention: 14 in the home group and seven in the gymnasium group. The home group completed significantly more sessions per week (2.7 vs. 1.8) than the gymnasium group. Although both groups significantly improved on many physical assessments, no between-group differences were found. However, it is suitable to link a peer for support with novice older people participating in a RT program for the first time in the home or gymnasium. It is recommended that future studies explore whether peer support improves sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Burton
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Keith D. Hill
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Monash University and Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Jim Codde
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA 6160, Australia
| | - Angela Jacques
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, WA 6160, Australia
| | - Yoke Leng Ng
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Anne-Marie Hill
- School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Silva SLA, Macinko J, Lima-Costa MF, Torres JL. Effective primary care attenuates the association between frailty and hospital admission in old age: the ELSI-Brazil. Fam Pract 2023; 40:47-54. [PMID: 35639880 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a multidimensional syndrome leading to a higher hospitalization. However, few studies explicitly analyze whether measures of effective primary care modify the relationship between frailty and hospital admission. METHODS This cross-sectional study included data from the second wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), a representative community-based study with older adults aged 50 years and over, conducted in 2019-2021. Self-reported hospital admission in the past 12 months was the outcome. Frailty included the 5 phenotypic criteria: weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, weakness, and slowness. The effective primary care index included 12 attributes indicators, continuously. Statistical analyzes comprised logistic regression. RESULTS Among the 7,436 study participants, frailty (odds ratio [OR] 2.17; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 1.31-3.62) and effective primary care index (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.03-1.16) were positively associated with higher hospitalization. Interaction revealed that while effective primary care was positively associated with hospitalization, this association was different among frail older adults (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.65-0.99). After stratification by frailty status, positive association with hospitalization remained only among prefrail and nonfrail individuals. The predicted probability of hospitalization tended to decrease along with higher primary care index values among frail older adults and became similar to prefrail/nonfrail at the highest end of the scale. CONCLUSIONS Effective primary care decreases the likelihood of hospital admission among frail older adults. Interventions for delaying frailty should be initiated in primary care along with policies to strengthen primary care's organizational and provider/team-level attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia L A Silva
- Departmento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - James Macinko
- Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Juliana L Torres
- Departmento de Medicina Preventiva e Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ferreira LF, Scariot EL, da Rosa LHT. The effect of different exercise programs on sarcopenia criteria in older people: A systematic review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 105:104868. [PMID: 36402001 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the results of different modalities of physical exercises on the sarcopenia diagnostic criteria in older people. METHODS Systematic review of systematic reviews. Search strategy included older people and sarcopenia MeSh, performed at mainly databases. Selected studies include older adults, submitted to physical training (Intervention Group: IG) compared to control groups (CG). Quantitative analyses with the inverse variance statistic method (random effects). The effect measures mean difference. Heterogeneity measured with Q-Test. RESULTS 494 systematic reviews found. After screening, 5 were included (48 papers. n=3,877). Mean age: 74.02±6.1. 73.44% female. Mean interventions duration: 17.38 weeks (average: 2.56 weekly sessions). AMSTAR and PRISMA showed high methodological quality. Meta-analyses compared results of resistance training interventions (RTA) with other than resistance (Non-resistance Training interventions: NRTA). Handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and gait speed showed statistically significant differences (SSD) favorable to IG. In chair stand test, RTA showed SSD favorable to the IG, and NRTA to CG. The timed-up-and-go do not showed SSD. DISCUSSION The SMM and strength showed better results in RTA, although the confidence intervals (CI) overlap. Both valences can be trained with similar volume and training intensity, which can modify muscle volume and strength. Physical performance obtained better results in NRTA, even with CI overlap. For severely sarcopenic, training including more than one valence may be best. In sarcopenia diagnosis most studies do not take into account the consensuses of standardization, making hard the larger groups analysis. CONCLUSION Being part of any training program can be beneficial for sarcopenia in older people, with resistance training better for strength and SMM, and mixed modalities for physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Ferreira
- Post-graduation program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Estela Lopes Scariot
- Post-graduation program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jones RG, Dimet-Wiley A, Haghani A, da Silva FM, Brightwell CR, Lim S, Khadgi S, Wen Y, Dungan CM, Brooke RT, Greene NP, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ, Horvath S, Watowich SJ, Fry CS, Murach KA. A molecular signature defining exercise adaptation with ageing and in vivo partial reprogramming in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2023; 601:763-782. [PMID: 36533424 PMCID: PMC9987218 DOI: 10.1113/jp283836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise promotes functional improvements in aged tissues, but the extent to which it simulates partial molecular reprogramming is unknown. Using transcriptome profiling from (1) a skeletal muscle-specific in vivo Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2 and Myc (OKSM) reprogramming-factor expression murine model; (2) an in vivo inducible muscle-specific Myc induction murine model; (3) a translatable high-volume hypertrophic exercise training approach in aged mice; and (4) human exercise muscle biopsies, we collectively defined exercise-induced genes that are common to partial reprogramming. Late-life exercise training lowered murine DNA methylation age according to several contemporary muscle-specific clocks. A comparison of the murine soleus transcriptome after late-life exercise training to the soleus transcriptome after OKSM induction revealed an overlapping signature that included higher JunB and Sun1. Also, within this signature, downregulation of specific mitochondrial and muscle-enriched genes was conserved in skeletal muscle of long-term exercise-trained humans; among these was muscle-specific Abra/Stars. Myc is the OKSM factor most induced by exercise in muscle and was elevated following exercise training in aged mice. A pulse of MYC rewired the global soleus muscle methylome, and the transcriptome after a MYC pulse partially recapitulated OKSM induction. A common signature also emerged in the murine MYC-controlled and exercise adaptation transcriptomes, including lower muscle-specific Melusin and reactive oxygen species-associated Romo1. With Myc, OKSM and exercise training in mice, as well habitual exercise in humans, the complex I accessory subunit Ndufb11 was lower; low Ndufb11 is linked to longevity in rodents. Collectively, exercise shares similarities with genetic in vivo partial reprogramming. KEY POINTS: Advances in the last decade related to cellular epigenetic reprogramming (e.g. DNA methylome remodelling) toward a pluripotent state via the Yamanaka transcription factors Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2 and Myc (OKSM) provide a window into potential mechanisms for combatting the deleterious effects of cellular ageing. Using global gene expression analysis, we compared the effects of in vivo OKSM-mediated partial reprogramming in skeletal muscle fibres of mice to the effects of late-life murine exercise training in muscle. Myc is the Yamanaka factor most induced by exercise in skeletal muscle, and so we compared the MYC-controlled transcriptome in muscle to Yamanaka factor-mediated and exercise adaptation mRNA landscapes in mice and humans. A single pulse of MYC is sufficient to remodel the muscle methylome. We identify partial reprogramming-associated genes that are innately altered by exercise training and conserved in humans, and propose that MYC contributes to some of these responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G. Jones
- University of Arkansas, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | | | - Amin Haghani
- University of California Los Angeles, Department of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Francielly Morena da Silva
- University of Arkansas, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
- University of Arkansas, Cachexia Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Camille R. Brightwell
- University of Kentucky Center for Muscle Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Seongkyun Lim
- University of Arkansas, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
- University of Arkansas, Cachexia Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Sabin Khadgi
- University of Arkansas, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- University of Kentucky Center for Muscle Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physical Therapy, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Cory M. Dungan
- University of Kentucky Center for Muscle Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physical Therapy, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Nicholas P. Greene
- University of Arkansas, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
- University of Arkansas, Cachexia Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
- University of Arkansas, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- University of Kentucky Center for Muscle Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physical Therapy, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physiology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John J. McCarthy
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Physiology, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- University of California Los Angeles, Department of Human Genetics, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Stanley J. Watowich
- Ridgeline Therapeutics, Houston, TX, USA
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher S. Fry
- University of Kentucky Center for Muscle Biology, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin A. Murach
- University of Arkansas, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Fayetteville, AR, USA
- University of Arkansas, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Marques DL, Neiva HP, Marinho DA, Marques MC. Manipulating the Resistance Training Volume in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of the Effects on Muscle Strength and Size, Muscle Quality, and Functional Capacity. Sports Med 2023; 53:503-518. [PMID: 36307745 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective manipulation of the acute variables of resistance training is critical to optimizing muscle and functional adaptations in middle-aged and older adults. However, the ideal volume prescription (e.g., number of sets performed per exercise) in middle-aged and older adults remains inconclusive in the literature. OBJECTIVE The effects of single versus multiple sets per exercise on muscle strength and size, muscle quality, and functional capacity in middle-aged and older adults were compared. Moreover, the effects of single versus multiple sets per exercise on muscular and functional gains were also examined, considering the influence of training duration. METHODS Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials comparing single versus multiple sets per exercise on muscle strength, muscle size, muscle quality, or functional capacity in middle-aged and older adults (aged ≥ 50 years) in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases (01/09/2021, updated on 15/05/2022) were identified. A random-effects meta-analysis was used. RESULTS Fifteen studies were included (430 participants; 93% women; age 57.9-70.1 years). Multiple sets per exercise produced a greater effect than single sets on lower-limb strength (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07-0.51; mean difference [MD] = 1.91 kg; 95% CI 0.50-3.33) and muscle quality (SMD = 0.40; 95% CI 0.05-0.75) gains. There were no differences between single versus multiple sets per exercise for upper-limb strength (SMD = 0.13; 95% CI - 0.14 to 0.40; MD = 0.11 kg; 95% CI - 0.52 to 0.75), muscle size (SMD = 0.15; 95% CI - 0.07 to 0.37), and functional capacity (SMD = 0.01; 95% CI - 0.47 to 0.50) gains. In addition, there were no differences between single versus multiple sets on muscle strength and size gains for training durations ≤ 12 weeks or > 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Multiple sets per exercise produced greater lower-limb strength and muscle quality gains than single sets in middle-aged and older adults, although the magnitude of the difference was small. In contrast, single sets per exercise were sufficient to improve upper-limb strength, muscle size, and functional capacity in these populations. Despite these findings, researchers should conduct future high-quality, pre-registered, and blinded randomized controlled trials to strengthen the scientific evidence on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Luís Marques
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Henrique Pereira Neiva
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Daniel Almeida Marinho
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mário Cardoso Marques
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Covilhã, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xie K, Han X, Hu X. Balance ability and all-cause death in middle-aged and older adults: A prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1039522. [PMID: 36699907 PMCID: PMC9868834 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1039522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to explore the relationship between balance ability and all-cause death in middle-aged and elderly people and to provide a basis for formulating a balanced training plan for middle-aged and older people in China. Methods Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) carried out in the years 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018, 18,888 participants aged 45 years and above were included. Cox proportional hazard models were designed to evaluate the effect of balance ability on death events. Results The present study found that there was an association between balance ability and death among middle-aged and older people. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that the risk of death decreased by 10% (HR = 0.90,95% CI: 0.85-0.95) for every second increase in balance ability. With balance ability <10 s as the reference group, the adjusted HRs were 0.61 (0.44-0.85) among middle-aged and elderly people. The death density of balance ability of <10 s was 73.87 per thousand person-years higher than that of ≥10 s. There was no interaction between balance ability and chronic disease, overweight, and obesity (P > 0.05). Conclusion The risk of all-cause death in middle-aged and older people increased with the decrease in balance ability and showed no statistical significance between chronic disease, overweight, and obesity, as corroborated by the present study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaihong Xie
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Health Humanities, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanhan Hu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xuanhan Hu ✉
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
da Silva Gonçalves L, Santos Lopes da Silva L, Rodrigues Benjamim CJ, Tasinafo Junior MF, Bohn L, Ferreira Abud G, Ortiz GU, de Freitas EC. The Effects of Different Exercise Training Types on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:1076-1090. [PMID: 37997730 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis to verify the effects of different exercise training types on body composition and physical performance in older adults with sarcopenic obesity (SO). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Older adults (≥60 years). METHODS Database searches were performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and LILACS on January 10th, 2023. We included: randomized and/or controlled clinical trials; physical exercise as an intervention; analysis of body composition and/or muscle function; and sarcopenic obesity diagnosis. We used the Risk of Bias 2 tool and PEDro scale. The GRADE certainty of evidence was also performed. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and nine studies in the meta-analysis. A decrease in body fat (%) favoring the exercise group was identified (SMD: -0.34 [95% CI: -0.53 to -0.16]; p=0.0003) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕◯ Moderate). Only resistance training showed fat reduction (SMD: -0.27 [95% CI: -0.48 to -0.06]; p=0.01). Increases in upper (SMD: 0.41 [95% CI: 0.04 to 0.78]; p=0.03) (GRADE: ⊕⊕◯◯ Low) and lower (SMD: 0.80 [95% CI: 0.22 to 1.39]; p=0.007) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕⊕ High) limb strength was identified with exercise. Chair stand test showed increases with exercise (SMD: 0.73 [95% CI: 0.40 to 1.07]; p<0.0001) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕⊕ High), especially for resistance training (SMD: 0.62 [95% CI: 0.21 to 1.02]; p=0.003) and combined training (SMD: 0.99 [95% CI: 0.40 to 1.57]; p=0.0005). The PEDro scale for the studies in our review ranged from 3 to 8 (mean = 5.8 (1.6)), meaning fair methodological quality, and most studies were overall judged with at least low/some concerns in terms of risk of bias. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Overall, moderate to high certainty of evidence was found for body fat, lower limb strength, and chair stand test. On the other hand, low certainty of evidence was found for upper limb strength. Resistance, combined, and aerobic training evoked divergent results between the variables analyzed. Although promising, our results should be considered sparingly, but may guide additional exercise recommendations to improve specific health parameters in older adults with SO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L da Silva Gonçalves
- Leonardo Santos Lopes da Silva, Bandeirantes Avenue nº 3900, University Campus - Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil. Zip code: 14030-680 Contact: +55 17 98154-4151,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lin YH, Lee KC, Tzeng YL, Lin YP, Liu WM, Lu SH. Comparison of four screening methods for sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: A diagnostic accuracy study. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 49:157-163. [PMID: 36543041 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic values of SARC-F (strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls), SARC-Calf (SARC-F combined with calf circumference), CC (calf circumference), and the Yubi-wakka (finger-ring) test for screening for sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria were used as a standard reference. A total of 209 participants were enrolled, and 40.7% were identified as sarcopenia. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were respectively 54.1%, 70.2%, and 0.687 for SARC-F; 76.5%, 73.4% and 0.832 for SARC-calf, 86.7%, 82.4%, and 0.906 for CC in men, and 85.5%, 63.3%, and 0.877 for CC in women. Relative to the "bigger," a significant association between sarcopenia and the Yubi-wakka test ("just fits" OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 1.57-10.98; "small" OR: 27.5, 95% CI: 10.14-74.55) was observed. The overall accuracy of CC was better than SARC-Calf for sarcopenia screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Huang Lin
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kwo-Chen Lee
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Tzeng
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ping Lin
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Miao Liu
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Lu
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sánchez-Sánchez JL, de Souto Barreto P, Antón-Rodrigo I, Ramón-Espinoza F, Marín-Epelde I, Sánchez-Latorre M, Moral-Cuesta D, Casas-Herrero Á. Effects of a 12-week Vivifrail exercise program on intrinsic capacity among frail cognitively impaired community-dwelling older adults: secondary analysis of a multicentre randomised clinical trial. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6964933. [PMID: 36580558 PMCID: PMC9799251 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The World Health Organisation recently defined the construct of intrinsic capacity (IC), a function-based marker of older adult's health encompassing all mental and physical capacities of the individual. Multicomponent physical exercise (MCE) is a potential intervention capable to maintain/increase IC at older age; however, evidence is scarce on the effects of MCE on IC in cognitively impaired pre-frail/frail older adults. METHODS Secondary analyses of a randomised clinical trial. One hundred and eighty-eight older outpatients (age = 84.06 ± 4.77, 70.2% women) presenting with pre-frailty/frailty (according to Fried Criteria) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/mild dementia were recruited in the Geriatric clinics of three tertiary hospitals in Spain. Subjects were randomised to participate in the 12-week home-based individualised Vivifrail MCE or usual care. An IC index was created based on the z-score of the locomotion (Short Physical Performance Battery), cognitive (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), psychology (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale Yesavage) and vitality (handgrip strength) domains. RESULTS After the 3-month intervention, linear mixed models showed significant between-group differences in the evolution of the IC composite score (β=0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.24, 0.74; P < 0.001), IC Locomotion (β = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.74; P < 0.001), IC Cognition (β = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.87; P < 0.05) and IC Vitality domains (β = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.25, 0.74 at 3-month) favouring the MCE group. CONCLUSIONS The 12-week Vivifrail multicomponent exercise program is an effective strategy to enhance IC, especially in terms of locomotion, cognition and vitality IC domains in community-dwelling older adults with pre-frailty/frailty and MCI/mild dementia, compared to usual care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luis Sánchez-Sánchez
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France,MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain,Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France,CERPOP, Inserm 1295, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Iván Antón-Rodrigo
- Hospital of Eibar, OSI Debabarrena, Osakidetza, Eibar, Gipuzkoa, Spain,Grupo de Investigación en Atención Primaria, Biodonostia Institute of Health Research, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | | | - Itxaso Marín-Epelde
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Débora Moral-Cuesta
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Casas-Herrero
- Address correspondence to: Álvaro Casas-Herrero, Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), C/Irunlarrea s/n 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Symptomatic Bone Cement Displacement following Percutaneous Kyphoplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture: A Single Center Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247530. [PMID: 36556143 PMCID: PMC9783083 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective. BACKGROUND Symptomatic bone cement displacement (BCD) is a rare complication following percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) interventions for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). This study aimed to investigate the incidence and the outcomes of symptomatic BCD comprehensively and identify its risk factors. METHODS The clinical data of patients treated with PKP for OVCF between January 2012 and December 2020 were extracted. Patients who developed BCD following PKP during follow-up were divided into the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Patients who did not develop BCD were assigned to the control group. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to compare the three clinical groups' features to assess the independent risk factors for the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. RESULTS A total of 896 patients were enrolled. Twenty-one patients (2.3%) were identified as having symptomatic BCD following PKP for OVCF, and 35 (3.9%) developed asymptomatic BCD. Compared with the control group, the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups had a higher incidence of anterior leakage, intravertebral vacuum cleft (IVC) signs, and a lower cement distribution score. The symptomatic group had a lower relative cross-sectional area (rCSA) of the paraspinal muscle (PSM), higher PSM fatty degeneration, and higher kyphotic angle (at the last follow-up) than the asymptomatic and control groups. For outcomes, the symptomatic group had a higher VAS/ODI score and a higher incidence of new vertebral fractures compared with the asymptomatic and control groups. Anterior leakage (OR: 1.737, 95% CI: 1.215-3.300), the IVC sign (OR: 3.361, 95% CI: 1.605-13.036), the cement distribution score (OR: 0.476, 95% CI: 0.225-0.904), PSM rCSA (OR: 0.953, 95% CI: 0.917-0.992), and PSM fatty degeneration (OR: 1.061, 95% CI: 1.005-1.119) were identified as independent risk factors for the symptomatic group. Anterior leakage (OR: 1.839, 95% CI: 1.206-2.803), the IVC sign (OR: 2.936, 95% CI: 1.174-9.018), and cement distribution score (OR: 0.632, 95% CI: 0.295-0.858) were independent risk factors for the asymptomatic group. CONCLUSION The incidence of symptomatic BCD is 2.3% in patients treated with PKP. Anterior leakage, the IVC sign, and the distribution score were independent risk factors for BCD, and paraspinal muscle degeneration was a specific risk factor for symptomatic BCD. Symptomatic BCD can lead to poor outcomes.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zheng L, Wang C, Qiu Y, Li X, Zhang X, Zhang M, Ma T, Li G, Chen L. Effectiveness of interventions in older adults with cognitive frailty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6931850. [PMID: 36571775 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND interventions targeting older adults with cognitive frailty have grown rapidly in recent years with inconsistent findings. However, there is no meta-analysis that has synthesised pooled estimates. OBJECTIVE to synthesise the pooled effect of current targeted interventions in older people with cognitive frailty. METHODS we conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the JBI database and three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wan-Fang and VIP) for literature from the inception of the database until 8 March 2022. The mean difference or standardised mean difference with 95% CIs was calculated. The methodological quality was assessed by the Cochrane RoB 2.0. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE criteria. RESULTS thirteen randomised controlled trials with a total of 1,089 participants were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that older adults with cognitive frailty in the intervention groups had significant improvement in frailty score [MD = -1.67, 95% CI (-2.39, -0.95), P < 0.00001, I2 = 97%], global cognitive function [MD = 3.38, 95% CI (1.90, 4.85), P < 0.00001, I2 = 93%], mobility [MD = -0.96, 95% CI (-1.27, -1.66), P < 0.00001, I2 = 0%], muscle strength [SMD = 0.75, 95% CI (0.09, 1.41), P = 0.03, I2 = 85%] and nutritional status [MNA:MD = 5.64, 95% CI (3.99, 7.29), P < 0.00001, I2 = 89%; ALB: MD = 3.23, 95% CI (0.76, 5.71), P = 0.01, I2 = 93%; PALB: MD = 54.52, 95% CI (25.26, 83.77), P = 0.0003, I2 = 96%; TRF: MD = 0.64, 95% CI (0.22, 1.06), P = 0.003, I2 = 97%]. The overall certainty of the evidence ranged from low to moderate. CONCLUSIONS interventions targeting older adults with cognitive frailty are effective in improving physical frailty, global cognitive function, physical function and nutritional status with low to moderate certainty. More research is still needed in the future to further enrich the evidence in these fields. PROSPERO NUMBER CRD42022318758.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lufang Zheng
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiming Qiu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Tianjiao Ma
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guichen Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lamberti N, Manfredini F, Babjaková J, Gallè F, Medijainen K, Karatzaferi C, Pavlova I, Netz Y, López-Soto PJ. Effect of physical activity interventions on quality of life in older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31801. [PMID: 36482570 PMCID: PMC9726368 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quality of life (QoL) has been acknowledged as a fundamental concept in the field of health and is favorably improved by physical activity (PA). This systematic review aims to assess the benefits and harms of different types of PA to improve health-related QoL in both community-dwelling and diseased older adults to provide a recommendation for the minimum amount of PA needed to obtain measurable QoL benefits. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will search MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINHAL, Epistemonikos, Web of Science and gray literature. Randomized controlled trials enrolling healthy or diseased older adults aged > 65 years, providing any kind of physical activity intervention and having quality of life as an outcome will be included. There will be no language restriction. Two independent reviewers will screen the papers, and a third reviewer will resolve the conflicts. The quality of the included studies will be assessed through the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Finally, data will be extracted to create proper meta-analyses of comparisons between the different kinds of physical activity interventions or to control groups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This review does not require approval from the Ethics Committee. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at international conferences; moreover, the findings will be shared on social media using an accessible language.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jana Babjaková
- Institute of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Kadri Medijainen
- Lead of Physiotherapy curriculums, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Iuliia Pavlova
- Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Culture, Lviv State University of Physical Culture named after Ivan Boberskyj, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Yael Netz
- The academic College at Wingate, Israel
| | - Pablo Jesús López-Soto
- Department of Nursing. Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy. Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
The effect of Tai Chi in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101747. [PMID: 36223875 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential role of Tai Chi in improving sarcopenia and frailty has been shown in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of Tai Chi on muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function, and other geriatric syndromes in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and frailty. METHODS Systematic searches of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Medline databases for RCTs published between 1989 and 2022 were conducted; the database searchers were supplemented with manual reference searches. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the study was designed as a RCT; (2) Tai Chi was one of the intervention arms; (3) the participants had a minimum age of ≥ 60 years and were diagnosed with frailty or sarcopenia, and the diagnostic guidelines or criteria were mentioned; (4) the number of participants in each arm was ≥ 10; and (5) the outcome reports included ≥ 1 item from the following primary or secondary outcomes. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) non-RCT studies; (2) nonhuman subjects; (3) participants aged < 60 years; (4) no description of the diagnostic guidelines or criteria for frailty or sarcopenia in the text; and (5) reported outcomes not among the following primary or secondary outcomes. The primary outcomes were muscle mass, grip strength and muscle performance (gait speed, 30-second chair stand test (30CST), sit-to-stand test (SST), Timed up and go test (TUGT), balance, and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)). The secondary outcomes included the number of falls and fear of falling (FOF), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, and depression and quality of life (QOL) assessments. RESULTS Eleven RCTs were conducted from 1996 to 2022 in 5 countries that investigated 1676 sarcopenic or frail elderly individuals were included in the review. There were 804 participants in the Tai Chi exercise cohort and 872 participants in the control cohort (nonexercised (n = 5)/ exercise (n = 8)). The mean age of participants was 70-89.5 years and the numbers of participants from each arm in each study were 10-158. The majority of the participants practiced Yang-style Tai Chi (n = 9), and the numbers of movement ranged from 6 to 24. The prescriptions of training were 8-48 weeks, 2-7 sessions per weeks, and 30-90 min per session. Most studies used Tai Chi expert as instructor (n = 8). The lengths of follow-up period were 8-48 weeks. The results from our meta-analysis revealed significant improvements for Tai Chi compared to control group (nonexercise/ exercise) on measures of the 30CST (weighted mean difference (WMD): 2.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50-3.21, p < 0.00001, I2 = 87%), the TUGT (WMD: -0.72, 95% CI -1.10 to -0.34, p = 0.0002, I2 =0%), numbers of fall (WMD: -0.41, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.17, p = 0.0006, I2 =0%) and FOF (standardized MD (SMD): -0.50, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.22, p = 0.0006, I2 = 57%); and for Tai Chi compared to 'nonexercise' controls on measures of SST (WMD: -2.20, 95% CI -2.22 to -2.18, p < 0.00001), balance (SMD: 9.85, 95% CI 8.88-10.82, p < 0.00001), DBP (WMD: -7.00, 95% CI -7.35 to -6.65, p < 0.00001), MMSE (WMD: 1.91, 95% CI 1.73-2.09, p < 0.00001, I2 =0%), depression (SMD: -1.37, 95% CI -1.91 to -0.83, p < 0.00001) and QOL (SMD: 10.72, 95% CI 9.38-12.07, p < 0.00001). There were no significant differences between Tai Chi and control groups on any of the remaining 4 comparisons: body muscle mass (WMD: 0.53, 95% CI -0.18 to 1.24; P = 0.14; I2 =0%), grip strength (WMD: -0.06, 95% CI -1.98 to 1.86; P = 0.95; I2 =0%), gait speed (WMD: 0.05, 95% CI -0.11 to 0.20; P = 0.55; I2 =99%), and SPPB (WMD: 0.55, 95% CI -0.04 to 1.14; P = 0.07). The variables of bias summary, Tai Chi instructor, Tai Chi movements, and Tai Chi training duration without significant association with the 30CST or the TUGT through meta-regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that patients with frailty or sarcopenia who practiced Tai Chi exhibited improved physical performance in the 30-second chair stand test, the Timed up and go test, number of falls and fear of falling. However, there was no difference in muscle mass, grip strength, gait speed, or Short Physical Performance Battery score between the Tai Chi and control groups. Improvements in the sit-to-stand test, balance, diastolic blood pressure, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and depression and quality of life assessments were found when comparing the Tai Chi cohort to the nonexercise control cohort rather than the exercise control cohort. To explore the effectiveness of Tai Chi in sarcopenic and frail elderly individuals more comprehensively, a standardized Tai Chi training prescription and a detailed description of the study design are suggested for future studies.
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao H, Cheng R, Song G, Teng J, Shen S, Fu X, Yan Y, Liu C. The Effect of Resistance Training on the Rehabilitation of Elderly Patients with Sarcopenia: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15491. [PMID: 36497565 PMCID: PMC9739568 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Resistance training is considered to be an efficient treatment for age-related sarcopenia and can improve muscle strength and quality in patients. However, there are currently no recommendations on resistance training parameters to improve muscle strength and quality in elderly patients with sarcopenia. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and included 13 eligible RCTs. Resistance training significantly improved grip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle index in patients with age-related sarcopenia, and kettlebell was found to be the most effective modality. However, it is noteworthy that the elastic band is also a recommended form of resistance training considering that the kettlebell intervention was tested in only one study, while the elastic band was confirmed by multiple studies. Elastic band training (Hedges's g = 0.629, 95%CI = 0.090-1.168, p < 0.05) (40-60 min per session, more than three times per week for at least 12 weeks) was the most efficient training method. Thus, resistance training can significantly improve muscle strength and muscle quality in elderly patients with sarcopenia. In addition, moderate-intensity resistance training using elastic bands may be the best training prescription for elderly patients with sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Zhao
- Department of Physical Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ruihong Cheng
- School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ge Song
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin Teng
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Siqin Shen
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, 8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Xuancheng Fu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Yan
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wu S, Lin S, Zhang X, Alizada M, Wang L, Zheng Y, Ke Q, Xu J. Recent advances in cell-based and cell-free therapeutic approaches for sarcopenia. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22614. [PMID: 36250337 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200675r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive loss of muscle mass and function that is connected with increased hospital expenditures, falls, fractures, and mortality. Although muscle loss has been related to aging, injury, hormonal imbalances, and diseases such as malignancies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and kidney failure, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of sarcopenia are unclear. Exercise-based interventions and multimodal strategies are currently being considered as potential therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat these diseases. Although drug therapy research is ongoing, no drug has yet been proven to have a substantial safety and clinical value to be the first drug therapy to be licensed for sarcopenia. To better understand the molecular alterations underlying sarcopenia and effective treatments, we review leading research and available findings from the systemic change to the muscle-specific microenvironment. Furthermore, we explore possible mechanisms of sarcopenia and provide new knowledge for the development of novel cell-free and cell-based therapeutics. This review will assist researchers in developing better therapies to improve muscle health in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Wu
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Mujahid Alizada
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Liangmin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yiqiang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Ke
- Department of Orthopedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedic, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
The effects of aerobic exercise and transcranial direct current stimulation on cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101738. [PMID: 36162707 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerobic exercise (AE) may slow age-related cognitive decline. However, such cognition-sparing effects are not uniform across cognitive domains and studies. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation and is also emerging as a potential alternative to pharmaceutical therapies. Like AE, the effectiveness of tDCS is also inconsistent for reducing cognitive impairment in ageing. The unexplored possibility exists that pairing AE and tDCS could produce synergistic effects and reciprocally augment cognition-improving effects in older individuals with and without cognitive impairments. Previous research found such synergistic effects on cognition when cognitive training is paired with tDCS in older individuals with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. AIM The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to explore if pairing AE with tDCS could augment singular effects of AE and tDCS on global cognition (GC), working memory (WM) and executive function (EF) in older individuals with or without MCI and dementia. METHODS Using a PRISMA-based systematic review, we compiled studies that examined the effects of AE alone, tDCS alone, and AE and tDCS combined on cognitive function in older individuals with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. Using a PICOS approach, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science searches up to December 2021, we focused on 'MoCA', 'MMSE', 'Mini-Cog' (measures) and 'cognition', 'cognitive function', 'cognitive', 'cognitive performance', 'executive function', 'executive process', 'attention', 'memory', 'memory performance' (outcome terms). We included only randomized controlled trials (RTC) in humans if available in English full text over the past 20 years, with participants' age over 60. We assessed the methodological quality of the included studies (RTC) by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. RESULTS Overall, 68 studies were included in the meta-analyses. AE (ES = 0.56 [95% CI: 0.28-0.83], p = 0.01) and tDCS (ES = 0.69 [95% CI: 0.12-1.26], p = 0.02) improved GC in all three groups of older adults combined (healthy, MCI, demented). In healthy population, AE improved GC (ES = 0.46 [95% CI: 0.22-0.69], p = 0.01) and EF (ES = 0.27 [95% CI: 0.05-0.49], p = 0.02). AE improved GC in older adults with MCI (ES = 0.76 [95% CI: 0.21-1.32], p = 0.01). tDCS improved GC (ES = 0.69 [90% CI: 0.12-1.26], p = 0.02), all three cognitive function (GC, WM and EF) combined in older adults with dementia (ES = 1.12 [95% CI: 0.04-2.19], p = 0.04) and improved cognitive function in older adults overall (ES = 0.69 [95% CI: 0.20-1,18], p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Our systematic review with meta-analysis provided evidence that beyond the cardiovascular and fitness benefits of AE, pairing AE with tDCS may have the potential to slow symptom progression of cognitive decline in MCI and dementia. Future studies will examine the hypothesis of this present review that a potentiating effect would incrementally improve cognition with increasing severity of cognitive impairment.
Collapse
|