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Yasamineh S, Nikben N, Hamed Ahmed M, Abdul Kareem R, Kadhim Al-Aridhy A, Hosseini Hooshiar M. Increasing the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting exosomes as biomarkers for cancer monitoring using optical nanobiosensors. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:189. [PMID: 38816782 PMCID: PMC11138050 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The advancement of nanoscience and material design in recent times has facilitated the creation of point-of-care devices for cancer diagnosis and biomolecule sensing. Exosomes (EXOs) facilitate the transfer of bioactive molecules between cancer cells and diverse cells in the local and distant microenvironments, thereby contributing to cancer progression and metastasis. Specifically, EXOs derived from cancer are likely to function as biomarkers for early cancer detection due to the genetic or signaling alterations they transport as payload within the cancer cells of origin. It has been verified that EXOs circulate steadily in bodily secretions and contain a variety of information that indicates the progression of the tumor. However, acquiring molecular information and interactions regarding EXOs has presented significant technical challenges due to their nanoscale nature and high heterogeneity. Colorimetry, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), fluorescence, and Raman scattering are examples of optical techniques utilized to quantify cancer exosomal biomarkers, including lipids, proteins, RNA, and DNA. Many optically active nanoparticles (NPs), predominantly carbon-based, inorganic, organic, and composite-based nanomaterials, have been employed in biosensing technology. The exceptional physical properties exhibited by nanomaterials, including carbon NPs, noble metal NPs, and magnetic NPs, have facilitated significant progress in the development of optical nanobiosensors intended for the detection of EXOs originating from tumors. Following a summary of the biogenesis, biological functions, and biomarker value of known EXOs, this article provides an update on the detection methodologies currently under investigation. In conclusion, we propose some potential enhancements to optical biosensors utilized in detecting EXO, utilizing various NP materials such as silicon NPs, graphene oxide (GO), metal NPs, and quantum dots (QDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | | | | | - Ameer Kadhim Al-Aridhy
- College of Health and Medical Technology, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
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2
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Chen Y, Zhang J. A bibliography of smart nanomaterials biological application in myocardial infarction research. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37672. [PMID: 38579096 PMCID: PMC10994481 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction has been considered the top cause of mortality globally. Numerous studies investigated the biological application of smart nanomaterials in myocardial infarction. Our study aimed to provide an overview of this area through bibliography research. Literature related to the biological application of nanomaterials was retrieved from the web of science core collection database. Bibliography analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, Citespace, and the R package "bibliometrix." A total of 1226 publications were included. The USA, China, and India carried out the most of studies. Harvard University is the most productive institution. Matthias Nahrendorf ranked first in article volume and also owned the highest impact. Keyword burst analysis indicated the frontiers and hotspots to be gold nanoparticles and iron oxide nanoparticles. This bibliography analysis provides a comprehensive overview of uncovered current research trends and emerging hotspots of nanomaterials' biological application in myocardial infarction, thus inspiring further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Institute of Disaster Medicine, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianna Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Institute of Disaster Medicine, Sichuan University, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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3
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Shahrtash SA, Ghnim ZS, Ghaheri M, Adabi J, Hassanzadeh MA, Yasamineh S, Afkhami H, Kheirkhah AH, Gholizadeh O, Moghadam HZ. Recent Advances in the Role of Different Nanoparticles in the Various Biosensors for the Detection of the Chikungunya Virus. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01052-6. [PMID: 38393630 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Humans contract the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus transmitted by mosquitoes that induces acute and chronic musculoskeletal discomfort and fever. Millions of cases of the disease have been attributed to CHIKV in the Indian Ocean region since 2004, and the virus has since spread to Europe, the Middle East, and the Pacific. The exponential proliferation of CHIKV in recent times underscores the critical nature of implementing preventative measures and exploring potential control strategies. The principal laboratory test employed to diagnose infection in serum samples collected over six days after the onset of symptoms is the detection of CHIKV or viral RNA. Although two commercially available real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products exist, data on their validity are limited. A diagnostic instrument that is rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective is, therefore an absolute necessity, particularly in developing nations. Biosensors have demonstrated considerable potential in the realm of pathogen detection. The rapid and sensitive detection of viruses has been facilitated by the development of numerous types of biosensors, including affinity-based nano-biosensors, graphene affinity-based biosensors, optical nano-biosensors, surface Plasmon Resonance-based optical nano-biosensors, and electrochemical nano-biosensors. Furthermore, the utilization of nanomaterials for signal extension, including but not limited to gold and silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, and iron oxide NPs, has enhanced the precision and sensitivity of biosensors. The developed innovative diagnostic method is time-efficient, precise, and economical; it can be implemented as a point-of-care device. The technique may be implemented in diagnostic laboratories and hospitals to identify patients infected with CHIKV. Throughout this article, we have examined a multitude of CHIKV nano-biosensors and their respective properties. Following a discussion of representative nanotechnologies for biosensors, numerous NPs-assisted CHIKV nano-biosensors are summarized in this article. As a result, we anticipate that this review will furnish a significant foundation for advancing innovative CHIKV nano-biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Ghaheri
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Javid Adabi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Kheirkhah
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Omid Gholizadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
- Azad Researcher, Virology and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hesam Zendehdel Moghadam
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Chandrasekharan G, Unnikrishnan M. High throughput methods to study protein-protein interactions during host-pathogen interactions. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151393. [PMID: 38306772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability of a pathogen to survive and cause an infection is often determined by specific interactions between the host and pathogen proteins. Such interactions can be both intra- and extracellular and may define the outcome of an infection. There are a range of innovative biochemical, biophysical and bioinformatic techniques currently available to identify protein-protein interactions (PPI) between the host and the pathogen. However, the complexity and the diversity of host-pathogen PPIs has led to the development of several high throughput (HT) techniques that enable the study of multiple interactions at once and/or screen multiple samples at the same time, in an unbiased manner. We review here the major HT laboratory-based technologies employed for host-bacterial interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meera Unnikrishnan
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
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Campbell E, Luxton T, Kohl D, Goodchild SA, Walti C, Jeuken LJC. Chimeric Protein Switch Biosensors. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 187:1-35. [PMID: 38273207 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Rapid detection of protein and small-molecule analytes is a valuable technique across multiple disciplines, but most in vitro testing of biological or environmental samples requires long, laborious processes and trained personnel in laboratory settings, leading to long wait times for results and high expenses. Fusion of recognition with reporter elements has been introduced to detection methods such as enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA), with enzyme-conjugated secondary antibodies removing one of the many incubation and wash steps. Chimeric protein switch biosensors go further and provide a platform for homogenous mix-and-read assays where long wash and incubation steps are eradicated from the process. Chimeric protein switch biosensors consist of an enzyme switch (the reporter) coupled to a recognition element, where binding of the analyte results in switching the activity of the reporter enzyme on or off. Several chimeric protein switch biosensors have successfully been developed for analytes ranging from small molecule drugs to large protein biomarkers. There are two main formats of chimeric protein switch biosensor developed, one-component and multi-component, and these formats exhibit unique advantages and disadvantages. Genetically fusing a recognition protein to the enzyme switch has many advantages in the production and performance of the biosensor. A range of immune and synthetic binding proteins have been developed as alternatives to antibodies, including antibody mimetics or antibody fragments. These are mainly small, easily manipulated proteins and can be genetically fused to a reporter for recombinant expression or manipulated to allow chemical fusion. Here, aspects of chimeric protein switch biosensors will be reviewed with a comparison of different classes of recognition elements and switching mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Campbell
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Timothy Luxton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Declan Kohl
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Christoph Walti
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Nguyen TTH, Nguyen CM, Huynh MA, Vu HH, Nguyen TK, Nguyen NT. Field effect transistor based wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:411. [PMID: 37936115 PMCID: PMC10629051 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid advancement of wearable biosensors has revolutionized healthcare monitoring by screening in a non-invasive and continuous manner. Among various sensing techniques, field-effect transistor (FET)-based wearable biosensors attract increasing attention due to their advantages such as label-free detection, fast response, easy operation, and capability of integration. This review explores the innovative developments and applications of FET-based wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring. Beginning with an introduction to the significance of wearable biosensors, the paper gives an overview of structural and operational principles of FETs, providing insights into their diverse classifications. Next, the paper discusses the fabrication methods, semiconductor surface modification techniques and gate surface functionalization strategies. This background lays the foundation for exploring specific FET-based biosensor designs, including enzyme, antibody and nanobody, aptamer, as well as ion-sensitive membrane sensors. Subsequently, the paper investigates the incorporation of FET-based biosensors in monitoring biomarkers present in physiological fluids such as sweat, tears, saliva, and skin interstitial fluid (ISF). Finally, we address challenges, technical issues, and opportunities related to FET-based biosensor applications. This comprehensive review underscores the transformative potential of FET-based wearable biosensors in healthcare monitoring. By offering a multidimensional perspective on device design, fabrication, functionalization and applications, this paper aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers in the field of biosensing technology and personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh-Ha Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Cong Minh Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science (ESC), Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Minh Anh Huynh
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Hoang Huy Vu
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Tuan-Khoa Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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7
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Li SS, Lu YJ, Chang R, Tsai MH, Hung JN, Chen WH, Fan YJ, Wei PK, Sheen HJ. Investigation of DNA Hybridization on Nano-Structured Plasmonic Surfaces for Identifying Nasopharyngeal Viruses. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1189. [PMID: 37892920 PMCID: PMC10604513 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, studies have revealed that human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), also known as the Epstein-Barr virus, might be associated with the severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Compared to SARS-CoV-2 infection alone, patients coinfected with SARS-CoV-2 and HHV-4 had higher risks of fever, inflammation, and even death, thus, confirming that HHV-4/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in patients could benefit from clinical investigation. Although several intelligent devices can simultaneously discern multiple genes related to SARS-CoV-2, most operate via label-based detection, which restricts them from directly measuring the product. In this study, we developed a device that can replicate and detect SARS-CoV-2 and HHV-4 DNA. This device can conduct a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a microfluidic channel and detect replicates in a non-labeled manner through a plasmonic-based sensor. Compared to traditional instruments, this device can reduce the required PCR time by 55% while yielding a similar amount of amplicon. Moreover, our device's limit of detection (LOD) reached 100 fg/mL, while prior non-labeled sensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection were in the range of ng/mL to pg/mL. Furthermore, the device can detect desired genes by extracting cells artificially infected with HHV-4/SARS-CoV-2. We expect that this device will be able to help verify HHV-4/SARS-CoV-2 coinfected patients and assist in the evaluation of practical treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Sian Li
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Jung Lu
- Division of Family and Operative Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Ray Chang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (R.C.); (W.-H.C.)
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Section 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.); (J.-N.H.)
| | - Jo-Ning Hung
- Institute of Microbiology & Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Section 2, Linong St., Beitou District, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.); (J.-N.H.)
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (R.C.); (W.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Jui Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kuen Wei
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Horn-Jiunn Sheen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (R.C.); (W.-H.C.)
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Badugu R, Lakowicz JR. Plasmon- and Waveguide-Coupled Fluorescence at the Ultraviolet Region. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:12084-12095. [PMID: 38274198 PMCID: PMC10809784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) has been well studied for its coupled, directional, and enhanced P-polarized radiation due to the interactions of fluorophores with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on thin metal films. Such surface plasmon polariton-assisted directional fluorescence has various applications in biosensing. Herein, we demonstrate 2-aminopurine (2AP, a UV-absorbing and -emitting fluorophore) emission coupling to modes in aluminum-based plasmon-coupled waveguides (Al-PCWs). Directional emission from 2-aminopurine on plasmon-coupled waveguides was observed at specific angles as P-polarized SPCE and/or as P- or S-polarized waveguide-coupled emission (WGCE). All S-polarized waveguide modes showed clear angularly resolved emission as compared to that of P-polarized surface plasmon-coupled emission or P-polarized waveguide-coupled emission. The coupling angles, efficiencies, and polarizations of the modes were sensitive to the optical properties and overall dimensions of the top dielectric layer in PCWs. The effective plasmon-coupled waveguide can consist of either a thin probe-containing layer on top of the undoped silica film, or a single dielectric PVA layer with probes distributed throughout the film on the Al layer. The former structures with probes confined to the top of the undoped silica layer showed much higher angular resolutions and coupling efficiencies, as well as mode-dependent changes in lifetimes. These results demonstrate that the plasmon and waveguide modes can be used for selective detection of surface-bound and bulk fluorophores, simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandram Badugu
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Joseph R Lakowicz
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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9
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Sengupta J, Hussain CM. CNT and Graphene-Based Transistor Biosensors for Cancer Detection: A Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1024. [PMID: 37509060 PMCID: PMC10377131 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
An essential aspect of successful cancer diagnosis is the identification of malignant tumors during the early stages of development, as this can significantly diminish patient mortality rates and increase their chances of survival. This task is facilitated by cancer biomarkers, which play a crucial role in determining the stage of cancer cells, monitoring their growth, and evaluating the success of treatment. However, conventional cancer detection methods involve several intricate steps, such as time-consuming nucleic acid amplification, target detection, and a complex treatment process that may not be appropriate for rapid screening. Biosensors are emerging as promising diagnostic tools for detecting cancer, and carbon nanotube (CNT)- and graphene-based transistor biosensors have shown great potential due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties. These biosensors have high sensitivity and selectivity, allowing for the rapid detection of cancer biomarkers at low concentrations. This review article discusses recent advances in the development of CNT- and graphene-based transistor biosensors for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, Kolkata 700033, India
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Burrow DT, Heggestad JT, Kinnamon DS, Chilkoti A. Engineering Innovative Interfaces for Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 66:101718. [PMID: 37359425 PMCID: PMC10247612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2023.101718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic illustrates the need for sensitive and reliable tools to diagnose and monitor diseases. Traditional diagnostic approaches rely on centralized laboratory tests that result in long wait times to results and reduce the number of tests that can be given. Point-of-care tests (POCTs) are a group of technologies that miniaturize clinical assays into portable form factors that can be run both in clinical areas --in place of traditional tests-- and outside of traditional clinical settings --to enable new testing paradigms. Hallmark examples of POCTs are the pregnancy test lateral flow assay and the blood glucose meter. Other uses for POCTs include diagnostic assays for diseases like COVID-19, HIV, and malaria but despite some successes, there are still unsolved challenges for fully translating these lower cost and more versatile solutions. To overcome these challenges, researchers have exploited innovations in colloid and interface science to develop various designs of POCTs for clinical applications. Herein, we provide a review of recent advancements in lateral flow assays, other paper based POCTs, protein microarray assays, microbead flow assays, and nucleic acid amplification assays. Features that are desirable to integrate into future POCTs, including simplified sample collection, end-to-end connectivity, and machine learning, are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon T Burrow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Jacob T Heggestad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - David S Kinnamon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
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Geka G, Kanioura A, Likodimos V, Gardelis S, Papanikolaou N, Kakabakos S, Petrou P. SERS Immunosensors for Cancer Markers Detection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3733. [PMID: 37241360 PMCID: PMC10221005 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and monitoring are essential for the effective treatment and survival of patients with different types of malignancy. To this end, the accurate and sensitive determination of substances in human biological fluids related to cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis, i.e., cancer biomarkers, is of ultimate importance. Advancements in the field of immunodetection and nanomaterials have enabled the application of new transduction approaches for the sensitive detection of single or multiple cancer biomarkers in biological fluids. Immunosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are examples where the special properties of nanostructured materials and immunoreagents are combined to develop analytical tools that hold promise for point-of-care applications. In this frame, the subject of this review article is to present the advancements made so far regarding the immunochemical determination of cancer biomarkers by SERS. Thus, after a short introduction about the principles of both immunoassays and SERS, an extended presentation of up-to-date works regarding both single and multi-analyte determination of cancer biomarkers is presented. Finally, future perspectives on the field of SERS immunosensors for cancer markers detection are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Geka
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Anastasia Kanioura
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Vlassis Likodimos
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Spiros Gardelis
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Papanikolaou
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece;
| | - Sotirios Kakabakos
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
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Sanko V, Kuralay F. Label-Free Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Cancer Diagnosis: Recent Achievements and Challenges. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030333. [PMID: 36979545 PMCID: PMC10046346 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With its fatal effects, cancer is still one of the most important diseases of today's world. The underlying fact behind this scenario is most probably due to its late diagnosis. That is why the necessity for the detection of different cancer types is obvious. Cancer studies including cancer diagnosis and therapy have been one of the most laborious tasks. Since its early detection significantly affects the following therapy steps, cancer diagnosis is very important. Despite researchers' best efforts, the accurate and rapid diagnosis of cancer is still challenging and difficult to investigate. It is known that electrochemical techniques have been successfully adapted into the cancer diagnosis field. Electrochemical sensor platforms that are brought together with the excellent selectivity of biosensing elements, such as nucleic acids, aptamers or antibodies, have put forth very successful outputs. One of the remarkable achievements of these biomolecule-attached sensors is their lack of need for additional labeling steps, which bring extra burdens such as interference effects or demanding modification protocols. In this review, we aim to outline label-free cancer diagnosis platforms that use electrochemical methods to acquire signals. The classification of the sensing platforms is generally presented according to their recognition element, and the most recent achievements by using these attractive sensing substrates are described in detail. In addition, the current challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vildan Sanko
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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Bacon A, Wang W, Lee H, Umrao S, Sinawang PD, Akin D, Khemtonglang K, Tan A, Hirshfield S, Demirci U, Wang X, Cunningham BT. Review of HIV Self Testing Technologies and Promising Approaches for the Next Generation. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:298. [PMID: 36832064 PMCID: PMC9954708 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ability to self-test for HIV is vital to preventing transmission, particularly when used in concert with HIV biomedical prevention modalities, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In this paper, we review recent developments in HIV self-testing and self-sampling methods, and the potential future impact of novel materials and methods that emerged through efforts to develop more effective point-of-care (POC) SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. We address the gaps in existing HIV self-testing technologies, where improvements in test sensitivity, sample-to-answer time, simplicity, and cost are needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and widespread accessibility. We discuss potential paths toward the next generation of HIV self-testing through sample collection materials, biosensing assay techniques, and miniaturized instrumentation. We discuss the implications for other applications, such as self-monitoring of HIV viral load and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bacon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hankeun Lee
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Saurabh Umrao
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Center for Genomic Diagnostics, Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Prima Dewi Sinawang
- Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Demir Akin
- Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence for Translational Diagnostics (CCNE-TD), School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kodchakorn Khemtonglang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Anqi Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sabina Hirshfield
- Special Treatment and Research (STAR) Program, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, NY 11203, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Center for Genomic Diagnostics, Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Center for Genomic Diagnostics, Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Nambiar S, Mohan M, Rosin Jose A. Voltammetric Sensors: A Versatile Tool in COVID‐19 Diagnosis and Prognosis. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Souparnika Nambiar
- PG and Research Dept. of Chemistry Sacred Heart College (Autonomous) Thevara Kochi Kerala INDIA 682013
| | - Malavika Mohan
- PG and Research Dept. of Chemistry Sacred Heart College (Autonomous) Thevara Kochi Kerala INDIA 682013
| | - Ammu Rosin Jose
- PG and Research Dept. of Chemistry Sacred Heart College (Autonomous) Thevara Kochi Kerala INDIA 682013
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15
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Banakar M, Hamidi M, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS, Sapkota J, Azizian R, Rokaya D. Electrochemical Biosensors for Pathogen Detection: An Updated Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12110927. [PMID: 36354437 PMCID: PMC9688024 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors are a family of biosensors that use an electrochemical transducer to perform their functions. In recent decades, many electrochemical biosensors have been created for pathogen detection. These biosensors for detecting infections have been comprehensively studied in terms of transduction elements, biorecognition components, and electrochemical methods. This review discusses the biorecognition components that may be used to identify pathogens. These include antibodies and aptamers. The integration of transducers and electrode changes in biosensor design is a major discussion topic. Pathogen detection methods can be categorized by sample preparation and secondary binding processes. Diagnostics in medicine, environmental monitoring, and biothreat detection can benefit from electrochemical biosensors to ensure food and water safety. Disposable and reusable biosensors for process monitoring, as well as multiplexed and conformal pathogen detection, are all included in this review. It is now possible to identify a wide range of diseases using biosensors that may be applied to food, bodily fluids, and even objects' surfaces. The sensitivity of optical techniques may be superior to electrochemical approaches, but optical methods are prohibitively expensive and challenging for most end users to utilize. On the other hand, electrochemical approaches are simpler to use, but their efficacy in identifying infections is still far from satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41887-94755, Iran
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Janak Sapkota
- Research Center of Applied Sciences and Technology, Kritipur 44600, Nepal
| | - Reza Azizian
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center (PIDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33151, Iran
- Biomedical Innovation & Start-Up Association (Biomino), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Guo Z, Zhao X, Zhou Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Luo M, Wu X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Yang X. Label-free detection of cardiac troponin-I with packaged thin-walled microbubble resonators. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202200151. [PMID: 35762487 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is widely used for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diseases because of its myocardial specificity. Packaged microbubble resonators with thin wall are utilized for label-free and specific detection of cTnI based on whispering gallery mode (WGM). This packaged structure can provide a good protection for the biosensor, improve the anti-interference ability of the sensor and reduce the system noise. The theoretical detection limit of the biosensors for cTnI in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) is 0.4 ag mL-1 (0.02 aM ). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the biosensors can be used to detect cTnI molecules in simulated serum and the theoretical detection limit is also 0.4 ag mL-1 (0.02 aM ). These results are much far below the clinical cut-off value and show a huge application potential for the detection of cardiac biomarkers of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihe Guo
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyang Zhao
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiran Liu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra Precision Optical Manufacturing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laser Device Technology, China North Industries Group Corporation Limited, Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laser Device Technology, China North Industries Group Corporation Limited, Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laser Device Technology, China North Industries Group Corporation Limited, Southwest Institute of Technical Physics, Chengdu, China
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17
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A Novel Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on a Self-Assembled Monolayer-Modified Electrode for Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) in Environmental Analysis. ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) are a very large group of organic compounds that have between two and ten chlorine atoms attached to the biphenyl. These compounds have an acute impact as environmental pollutants, causing cancer and other adverse health effects in humans. It is therefore imperative to develop techniques for the cost-effective detection of PCBs at very low concentrations in ecosystems. In this paper, a novel label-free, indirect, competitive electrochemical immunosensor was first developed with a PCB-BSA conjugate. It is shown herein to compete with free PCBs for binding to the anti-PCB polyclonal primary antibody (IgY). Then, we used a secondary antibody to enhance the sensitivity of the sensor for the detection of PCB in a sample. It has been successfully immobilized on an 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA)-modified gold electrode via a carbodiimide-coupling reaction using cross-linking 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) on the electrode surface. The immunosensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry in a standard solution of [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−. A linear range of 0.011–220 ng/mL−1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.11 ng/mL−1 for PCBs detection were achieved by the developed immunosensor, showing advantages over conventional assays. The novel label-free electrochemical immunosensor discussed in this paper is a solution for simple, rapid, cost-effective sample screening in a portable, disposable format. The proposed immunosensor has good sensitivity, and it can prove to be an adequate real-time monitoring solution for PCBs in soil samples or other samples.
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18
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Recent Advancements in Developments of Novel Fluorescent Probes: In Cellulo Recognitions of Alkaline Phosphatases. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14081634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is one of the vital phospho-ester bond cleaving biocatalysts that has inevitable significance in cellular systems, viz., early-stage osteoblast differentiation, cell integrity in tissues, bone mineralization, cancer biomarker, liver dysfunction, cellular osmotic pressure, protein folding and many more. Variation from optimal levels of ALP in intra and extracellular fluids can cause severe diseases, including death. Due to these reasons, ALP is considered as a vital biomarker for various preclinical and medical diagnosis. Fluorescence image-based diagnosis is the most widely used method, owing to its simplicity, robustness, non-invasive properties and excellent spatio-temporal resolution (up to the nM/pM level), as compared to conventional analytical techniques, such as the electroanalytical method, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Most of the reviews reported for ALP’s recognition in the literature scarcely explain the structurally related, photophysical and biophysical parameters; and the sub-cellular localizations. Considering these facts, in order to enhance the opto-analytical parameters of fluorescence-based diagnostic materials at the cellular level, herein we have systematically documented recent developments in the opto-analytical capabilities of quencher-free probes for ALP, used in in vitro (biological buffers) to in cellulo conditions, along with in vivo models.
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19
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Gattani A, Mandal S, Khan M, Jain A, Jesse D, Mishra A, Tiwari S. Novel electrochemical biosensing for detection of neglected tropical parasites of animal origin: Recent advances. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Gattani
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University INDIA
| | - Sanju Mandal
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University INDIA
| | - Mahvash Khan
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University INDIA
| | - Anand Jain
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University INDIA
| | | | | | - Sita Tiwari
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University INDIA
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20
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Han YD, Kim KR, Lee KW, Yoon HC. Retroreflection-based optical biosensing: From concept to applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Philip A, Kumar AR. The performance enhancement of surface plasmon resonance optical sensors using nanomaterials: A review. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Orlov AV, Malkerov JA, Novichikhin DO, Znoyko SL, Nikitin PI. Multiplex Label-Free Kinetic Characterization of Antibodies for Rapid Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I Detection Based on Functionalized Magnetic Nanotags. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094474. [PMID: 35562865 PMCID: PMC9102693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Express and highly sensitive immunoassays for the quantitative registration of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) are in high demand for early point-of-care differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The selection of antibodies that feature rapid and tight binding with antigens is crucial for immunoassay rate and sensitivity. A method is presented for the selection of the most promising clones for advanced immunoassays via simultaneous characterization of interaction kinetics of different monoclonal antibodies (mAb) using a direct label-free method of multiplex spectral correlation interferometry. mAb-cTnI interactions were real-time registered on an epoxy-modified microarray glass sensor chip that did not require activation. The covalent immobilization of mAb microdots on its surface provided versatility, convenience, and virtually unlimited multiplexing potential. The kinetics of tracer antibody interaction with the “cTnI—capture antibody” complex was characterized. Algorithms are shown for excluding mutual competition of the tracer/capture antibodies and selecting the optimal pairs for different assay formats. Using the selected mAbs, a lateral flow assay was developed for rapid quantitative cTnI determination based on electronic detection of functionalized magnetic nanoparticles applied as labels (detection limit—0.08 ng/mL, dynamic range > 3 orders). The method can be extended to other molecular biomarkers for high-throughput screening of mAbs and rational development of immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Orlov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.O.); (P.I.N.)
| | - Juri A. Malkerov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis O. Novichikhin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey L. Znoyko
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
| | - Petr I. Nikitin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov St, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (J.A.M.); (D.O.N.); (S.L.Z.)
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115409 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.V.O.); (P.I.N.)
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23
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24
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Biosensors for circulating tumor cells (CTCs)-biomarker detection in lung and prostate cancer: Trends and prospects. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113770. [PMID: 34768065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading cause of death worldwide. Lung cancer (LCa) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the two most common ones particularly among men with about 20% of aggressive metastatic form leading to shorter overall survival. In recent years, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been investigated extensively for their role in metastatic progression and their involvement in reduced overall survival and treatment responses. Analysis of these cells and their associated biomarkers as "liquid biopsy" can provide valuable real-time information regarding the disease state and can be a potential avenue for early-stage detection and possible selection of personalized treatments. This review focuses on the role of CTCs and their associated biomarkers in lung and prostate cancer, as well as the shortcomings of conventional methods for their isolation and analysis. To overcome these drawbacks, biosensors are an elegant alternative because they are capable of providing valuable multiplexed information in real-time and analyzing biomarkers at lower concentrations. A comparative analysis of different transducing elements specific for the analysis of cancer cell and cancer biomarkers have been compiled in this review.
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25
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Liu J, Bao S, Wang X. Applications of Graphene-Based Materials in Sensors: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13020184. [PMID: 35208308 PMCID: PMC8880160 DOI: 10.3390/mi13020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
With the research and the development of graphene-based materials, new sensors based on graphene compound materials are of great significance to scientific research and the consumer market. However, in the past ten years, due to the requirements of sensor accuracy, reliability, and durability, the development of new graphene sensors still faces many challenges in the future. Due to the special structure of graphene, the obtained characteristics can meet the requirements of high-performance sensors. Therefore, graphene materials have been applied in many innovative sensor materials in recent years. This paper introduces the important role and specific examples of sensors based on graphene and its base materials in biomedicine, photoelectrochemistry, flexible pressure, and other fields in recent years, and it puts forward the difficulties encountered in the application of graphene materials in sensors. Finally, the development direction of graphene sensors has been prospected. For the past two years of the COVID-19 epidemic, the detection of the virus sensor has been investigated. These new graphene sensors can complete signal detection based on accuracy and reliability, which provides a reference for researchers to select and manufacture sensor materials.
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26
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Forouzanfar S, Pala N, Wang C. In-Situ Integration of 3D C-MEMS Microelectrodes with Bipolar Exfoliated Graphene for Label-Free Electrochemical Cancer Biomarkers Aptasensor. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:104. [PMID: 35056269 PMCID: PMC8780539 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical label-free aptamer-based biosensors (also known as aptasensors) are highly suitable for point-of-care applications. The well-established C-MEMS (carbon microelectromechanical systems) platforms have distinguishing features which are highly suitable for biosensing applications such as low background noise, high capacitance, high stability when exposed to different physical/chemical treatments, biocompatibility, and good electrical conductivity. This study investigates the integration of bipolar exfoliated (BPE) reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with 3D C-MEMS microelectrodes for developing PDGF-BB (platelet-derived growth factor-BB) label-free aptasensors. A simple setup has been used for exfoliation, reduction, and deposition of rGO on the 3D C-MEMS microelectrodes based on the principle of bipolar electrochemistry of graphite in deionized water. The electrochemical bipolar exfoliation of rGO resolves the drawbacks of commonly applied methods for synthesis and deposition of rGO, such as requiring complicated and costly processes, excessive use of harsh chemicals, and complex subsequent deposition procedures. The PDGF-BB affinity aptamers were covalently immobilized by binding amino-tag terminated aptamers and rGO surfaces. The turn-off sensing strategy was implemented by measuring the areal capacitance from CV plots. The aptasensor showed a wide linear range of 1 pM-10 nM, high sensitivity of 3.09 mF cm-2 Logc-1 (unit of c, pM), and a low detection limit of 0.75 pM. This study demonstrated the successful and novel in-situ deposition of BPE-rGO on 3D C-MEMS microelectrodes. Considering the BPE technique's simplicity and efficiency, along with the high potential of C-MEMS technology, this novel procedure is highly promising for developing high-performance graphene-based viable lab-on-chip and point-of-care cancer diagnosis technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nezih Pala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA
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27
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Manimekala T, Sivasubramanian R, Dharmalingam G. Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors using Field-Effect Transistors: A Review. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2022; 51:1950-1973. [PMID: 35250154 PMCID: PMC8881998 DOI: 10.1007/s11664-022-09492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect transistor biosensors (Bio-FET) have attracted great interest in recent years owing to their distinctive properties like high sensitivity, good selectivity, and easy integration into portable and wearable electronic devices. Bio-FET performance mainly relies on the constituent components such as the bio-recognition layer and the transducer, which ensures device stability, sensitivity, and lifetime. Nanomaterial-based Bio-FETs are excellent candidates for biosensing applications. This review discusses the basic concepts, function, and working principles of Bio-FETs, and focuses on the progress of recent research in Bio-FETs in the sensing of neurotransmitters, glucose, nucleic acids, proteins, viruses, and cancer biomarkers using nanomaterials. Finally, challenges in the development of Bio-FETs, as well as an outlook on the prospects of nano Bio-FET-based sensing in various fields, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Manimekala
- Plasmonic Nanomaterials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
- Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Materials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
| | - R. Sivasubramanian
- Electrochemical Sensors and Energy Materials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
| | - Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam
- Plasmonic Nanomaterials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641004 India
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28
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A Islam ST, Zhang J, Tonin F, Hinderks R, Deurloo YN, Urlacher VB, Hagedoorn PL. Isothermal titration calorimetric assessment of lignin conversion by laccases. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:493-503. [PMID: 34796477 PMCID: PMC9299204 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lignin valorization may offer a sustainable approach to achieve a chemical industry that is not completely dependent on fossil resources for the production of aromatics. However, lignin is a recalcitrant, heterogeneous, and complex polymeric compound for which only very few catalysts can act in a predictable and reproducible manner. Laccase is one of those catalysts and has often been referred to as an ideal “green” catalyst, as it is able to oxidize various linkages within lignin to release aromatic products, with the use of molecular oxygen and formation of water as the only side product. The extent and rate of laccase‐catalyzed lignin conversion were measured using the label‐free analytical technique isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). IITC provides the molar enthalpy of the reaction, which reflects the extent of conversion and the time‐dependent power trace, which reflects the rate of the reaction. Calorimetric assessment of the lignin conversion brought about by various fungal and bacterial laccases in the absence of mediators showed marked differences in the extent and rate of conversion for the different enzymes. Kraft lignin conversion by Trametes versicolor laccase followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics and was characterized by the following thermodynamic and kinetic parameters ΔHITC = −(2.06 ± 0.06)·103 kJ mol−1, KM = 6.6 ± 1.2 μM and Vmax = 0.30 ± 0.02 U/mg at 25°C and pH 6.5. We envision calorimetric techniques as important tools for the development of enzymatic lignin valorization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams T A Islam
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage and Transportation of Characterized Agro-Products, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fabio Tonin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Hinderks
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yanthi N Deurloo
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Vlada B Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Shen Y, Anwar TB, Mulchandani A. Current status, advances, challenges and perspectives on biosensors for COVID-19 diagnosis in resource-limited settings. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS REPORTS 2021; 3:100025. [PMID: 35047829 PMCID: PMC7831652 DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2021.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted human life, prompt diagnostic tests are becoming an essential part of the social activities. However, the expensive and time-consuming laboratory-based traditional methods do not suffice the enormous needs for massive number of tests, especially in resource-limited settings. Therefore, more affordable, rapid, sensitive and specific field-practical diagnostic devices play an important role in the fight against the disease. In this review, we present the current status and advances in the biosensing technologies for diagnosing COVID-19, ranging from commercial achievements to research developments. Starting from a brief introduction to the disease biomarkers, this review summarizes the working principles of the biosensing technologies, followed by a review of the commercial products and research advances in academia. We recapitulate the literatures with a wide scope of bio/marker detections, embracing nucleic acids, viral proteins, human immune responses, and other potential bio/markers. Further, the challenges and perspectives for their employment in future point-of-care applications are discussed, with an extended appraisal on the practical strategies to enlarge the testing capability without high cost. This critical review provides a comprehensive insight into the diagnostic tools for COVID-19 and will encourage the industry and academia in the field of diagnostic biosensing for future evolvement to large-scale point-of-care screening of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
| | - Touhid Bin Anwar
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
| | - Ashok Mulchandani
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521 USA
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507 USA
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Bukkitgar SD, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM. Electrochemical investigations for COVID-19 detection-A comparison with other viral detection methods. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 420:127575. [PMID: 33162783 PMCID: PMC7605744 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced infection such as SARS-CoV-2 is a serious threat to human health and the economic setback of the world. Continued advances in the development of technologies are required before the viruses undergo mutation. The low concentration of viruses in environmental samples makes the detection extremely challenging; simple, accurate and rapid detection methods are in urgent need. Of all the analytical techniques, electrochemical methods have the established capabilities to address the issues. Particularly, the integration of nanotechnology would allow miniature devices to be made available at the point-of-care. This review outlines the capabilities of electrochemical methods in conjunction with nanotechnology for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Future directions and challenges of the electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are covered including wearable and conformal biosensors, detection of plant pathogens, multiplexed detection, and reusable biosensors for on-site monitoring, thereby providing low-cost and disposable biosensors.
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Key Words
- AIV H5N1, Avian influenza
- AIV, Avian influenza virus
- ASFV, African swine fever virus
- BVDV, Bovine viral diarrhea virus
- CGV, Chikungunya viruses
- CMV, Cucumber mosaic virus
- COVID-19
- CSFV, Classic swine fever virus
- CV, Cyclic voltammetry
- DAstV-1, Duck astrovirus 1
- DAstV-2, Duck astrovirus 2
- DENV, Dengue virus
- DEV, Duck enteritis virus
- DHAV-1, Duck hepatitis A virus 1
- DHAV-3, Duck hepatitis A virus 3
- DPV, Differential pulse voltammetry
- DRV-1, Duck reovirus 1
- DRV-2, Duck reovirus 2
- Detection
- EBV, Epstein-Barr virus
- EIS, Electric impedance spectroscopy
- EPC, External positive controls
- EV, Human enterovirus
- EV71, Human enterovirus 71
- Electrochemical sensor
- FMI SMOF, Fluorescence molecularly imprinted sensor based on a metal–organic framework
- GCE, Glassy carbon electrode
- GCFaV-1, Ginger chlorotic fleck associated virus 1
- GCFaV-2, Ginger chlorotic fleck-associated virus 2
- GEV VN-96, Gastroenteritis virus VN-96
- GPV, Goose parvovirus
- HHV, Human herpes virus 6
- HIAV, Human influenza A viruses
- HPB19, Human parvovirus B19
- HSV, Herpes simplex
- IAV, influenza A virus
- IEA, Interdigitated electrode array
- IMA, Interdigitated microelectrode array
- INAA, Isothermal nucleic acid amplification-based
- JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus
- LAMP, Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
- LSV, Linear sweep voltammetry
- MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome
- MIEC, Molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence
- MNV, Murine norovirus
- MeV, Measles virus
- NNV, Nervous necrosis virus
- Nanotechnology
- PBoV, Porcine bocavirus
- PCNAME, Pt-coated nanostructured alumina membrane electrode
- PCR
- PCRLFS, Polymerase Chain Reaction with a lateral flow strip with a lateral flow strip
- PCV, Porcine circovirus 3
- PEDV, Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
- PRRSV, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
- PSV, Pseudorabies virus
- RCA, Rolling circle amplification
- RGO, Reduced graphene oxide
- RT-LAMP-VF, RT-LAMP and a vertical flow visualization strip
- RV, Rubella virus
- SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SIVH1N1, Swine influenza virus
- SWV, Square wave voltammetry
- TGEV, transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus
- TMUV, Tembusu virus
- USEGFET, Ultra-sensitive electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor
- VZV, Varicella-zoster virus
- VZV, varicella-Zoster virus
- Viruses
- ZV, Zika virus
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikandar D Bukkitgar
- Centre for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Centre for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi 580030, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soniya College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580-007, India
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Ijoma GN, Heri SM, Matambo TS, Tekere M. Trends and Applications of Omics Technologies to Functional Characterisation of Enzymes and Protein Metabolites Produced by Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:700. [PMID: 34575737 PMCID: PMC8464691 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying and adopting industrial applications for proteins and enzymes derived from fungi strains have been at the focal point of several studies in recent times. To facilitate such studies, it is necessary that advancements and innovation in mycological and molecular characterisation are concomitant. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of the necessary steps employed in both qualitative and quantitative research using the omics technologies that are pertinent to fungi characterisation. This stems from the understanding that data provided from the functional characterisation of fungi and their metabolites is important towards the techno-economic feasibility of large-scale production of biological products. The review further describes how the functional gaps left by genomics, internal transcribe spacer (ITS) regions are addressed by transcriptomics and the various techniques and platforms utilised, including quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), hybridisation techniques, and RNA-seq, and the insights such data provide on the effect of environmental changes on fungal enzyme production from an expressional standpoint. The review also offers information on the many available bioinformatics tools of analysis necessary for the analysis of the overwhelming data synonymous with the omics approach to fungal characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace N. Ijoma
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.M.H.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Sylvie M. Heri
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.M.H.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Tonderayi S. Matambo
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (S.M.H.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Memory Tekere
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, P.O. Box 392, UNISA, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
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Biosensors for Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone Determination in Feed Quality Control. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13070499. [PMID: 34357971 PMCID: PMC8310349 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of cereals used for feed can cause intoxication, especially in farm animals; therefore, efficient analytical tools for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of toxic fungal metabolites in feed are required. Current trends in food/feed analysis are focusing on the application of biosensor technologies that offer fast and highly selective and sensitive detection with minimal sample treatment and reagents required. The article presents an overview of the recent progress of the development of biosensors for deoxynivalenol and zearalenone determination in cereals and feed. Novel biosensitive materials and highly sensitive detection methods applied for the sensors and the application of these sensors to food/feed products, the limit, and the time of detection are discussed.
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Changing Cross-Reactivity for Different Immunoassays Using the Same Antibodies: Theoretical Description and Experimental Confirmation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11146581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many applications of immunoassays involve the possible presence of structurally similar compounds that bind with antibodies, but with different affinities. In this regard, an important characteristic of an immunoassay is its cross-reactivity: the possibility of detecting various compounds in comparison with a certain standard. Based on cross-reactivity, analytical systems are assessed as either high-selective (responding strictly to a specific compound) or low-selective (responding to a number of similar compounds). The present study demonstrates that cross-reactivity is not an intrinsic characteristic of antibodies but can vary for different formats of competitive immunoassays using the same antibodies. Assays with sensitive detection of markers and, accordingly, implementation at low concentrations of antibodies and modified (competing) antigens are characterized by lower cross-reactivities and are, thus, more specific than assays requiring high concentrations of markers and interacting reagents. This effect was confirmed by both mathematical modeling and experimental comparison of an enzyme immunoassay and a fluorescence polarization immunoassay of sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones. Thus, shifting to lower concentrations of reagents decreases cross-reactivities by up to five-fold. Moreover, the cross-reactivities are changed even in the same assay format by varying the ratio of immunoreactants’ concentrations and shifting from the kinetic or equilibrium mode of the antigen-antibody reaction. The described patterns demonstrate the possibility of modulating immunodetection selectivity without searching for new binding reactants.
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Silva MLS. Microfluidic devices for glycobiomarker detection in cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 521:229-243. [PMID: 34273337 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During oncogenesis, several alterations occur within cells, one of them being the abnormal glycosylation of proteins, resulting in the formation of glycoproteins with aberrant glycan structures, which can be secreted into the blood stream. Their specific association to tumour cells makes them useful indicators (biomarkers) of the oncogenic process and their detection in blood can be employed in different stages of tumour development for early detection, prognosis and therapeutic drug monitoring. Due to the importance of detecting cancer-associated glycoproteins with aberrant glycosylation in blood or serum, analytical methodologies with improved performance are required to ameliorate the laboratorial tests currently used for the detection of these analytes. Microfluidics was created to facilitate the implementation of simple and point-of-care analysis, away from a centralized laboratory. The massive use of microfluidic systems in clinical settings can be seen in pregnancy tests and diabetes control, for example. But what about other clinical domains, such as the detection of glycoproteins with aberrant glycans secreted by tumour cells? Are microfluidic systems helpful in this case? This review analyses the requirements of a microfluidic assay for the detection of low-abundant blood/serum cancer-associated glycoproteins with abnormal glycans and the progresses that have been made in the last years to develop integrated microfluidic devices for this particular application. The diverse microfluidic systems found in literature present, in general, the same analytical performance as the conventional assays but have additional advantages, namely a reduction in assay times, a decrease of sample and reagent consumption and lower costs. The review will also focus on the improvements that are still needed for better biosensing of this type of cancer biomarkers using microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luísa S Silva
- Centre of Chemical Research, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, Pachuca, Hidalgo 42076, Mexico.
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35
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Mahmoodi SR, Xie P, Zachs DP, Peterson EJ, Graham RS, Kaiser CRW, Lim HH, Allen MG, Javanmard M. Single-step label-free nanowell immunoassay accurately quantifies serum stress hormones within minutes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf4401. [PMID: 34193414 PMCID: PMC8245048 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf4401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A non-faradaic label-free cortisol sensing platform is presented using a nanowell array design, in which the two probe electrodes are integrated within the nanowell structure. Rapid and low volume (≤5 μl) sensing was realized through functionalizing nanoscale volume wells with antibodies and monitoring the real-time binding events. A 28-well plate biochip was built on a glass substrate by sequential deposition, patterning, and etching steps to create a stack nanowell array sensor with an electrode gap of 40 nm. Sensor response for cortisol concentrations between 1 and 15 μg/dl in buffer solution was recorded, and a limit of detection of 0.5 μg/dl was achieved. Last, 65 human serum samples were collected to compare the response from human serum samples with results from the standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These results confirm that nanowell array sensors could be a promising platform for point-of-care testing, where real-time, laboratory-quality diagnostic results are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pengfei Xie
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hubert H Lim
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mark G Allen
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Takaloo S, Moghimi Zand M. Wearable electrochemical flexible biosensors: With the focus on affinity biosensors. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2021.100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Benedé S, Lozano-Ojalvo D, Cristobal S, Costa J, D'Auria E, Velickovic TC, Garrido-Arandia M, Karakaya S, Mafra I, Mazzucchelli G, Picariello G, Romero-Sahagun A, Villa C, Roncada P, Molina E. New applications of advanced instrumental techniques for the characterization of food allergenic proteins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8686-8702. [PMID: 34060381 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Current approaches based on electrophoretic, chromatographic or immunochemical principles have allowed characterizing multiple allergens, mapping their epitopes, studying their mechanisms of action, developing detection and diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies for the food and pharmaceutical industry. However, some of the common structural features related to the allergenic potential of food proteins remain unknown, or the pathological mechanism of food allergy is not yet fully understood. In addition, it is also necessary to evaluate new allergens from novel protein sources that may pose a new risk for consumers. Technological development has allowed the expansion of advanced technologies for which their whole potential has not been entirely exploited and could provide novel contributions to still unexplored molecular traits underlying both the structure of food allergens and the mechanisms through which they sensitize or elicit adverse responses in human subjects, as well as improving analytical techniques for their detection. This review presents cutting-edge instrumental techniques recently applied when studying structural and functional aspects of proteins, mechanism of action and interaction between biomolecules. We also exemplify their role in the food allergy research and discuss their new possible applications in several areas of the food allergy field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Benedé
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano-Ojalvo
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susana Cristobal
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Clinica Pediatrica, Ospedale dei Bambini Vittore Buzzi, Università degli Studi, Milano, Italy
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea.,Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - María Garrido-Arandia
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sibel Karakaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Mazzucchelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Picariello
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Avellino, Italy
| | - Alejandro Romero-Sahagun
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caterina Villa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elena Molina
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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Predicting Protein-Protein Interactions via Gated Graph Attention Signed Network. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060799. [PMID: 34071437 PMCID: PMC8228288 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) play a key role in signal transduction and pharmacogenomics, and hence, accurate PPI prediction is crucial. Graph structures have received increasing attention owing to their outstanding performance in machine learning. In practice, PPIs can be expressed as a signed network (i.e., graph structure), wherein the nodes in the network represent proteins, and edges represent the interactions (positive or negative effects) of protein nodes. PPI predictions can be realized by predicting the links of the signed network; therefore, the use of gated graph attention for signed networks (SN-GGAT) is proposed herein. First, the concept of graph attention network (GAT) is applied to signed networks, in which “attention” represents the weight of neighbor nodes, and GAT updates the node features through the weighted aggregation of neighbor nodes. Then, the gating mechanism is defined and combined with the balance theory to obtain the high-order relations of protein nodes to improve the attention effect, making the attention mechanism follow the principle of “low-order high attention, high-order low attention, different signs opposite”. PPIs are subsequently predicted on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae core dataset and the Human dataset. The test results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits strong competitiveness.
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George A, Amrutha MS, Srivastava P, Sunil S, Sai VVR, Srinivasan R. Development of a U-bent plastic optical fiber biosensor with plasmonic labels for the detection of chikungunya non-structural protein 3. Analyst 2021; 146:244-252. [PMID: 33107522 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel plasmonic fiber optic sandwich immunobiosensor for the detection of chikungunya, an infectious mosquito-borne disease with chronic musculoskeletal pain and acute febrile illness, by exploiting non-structural protein 3 (CHIKV-nsP3) as a biomarker. A plasmonic sandwich immunoassay for CHIKV-nsP3 was realized on the surface of a compact U-bent plastic optical fiber (POF, 0.5 mm core diameter) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as labels. The high evanescent wave absorbance (EWA) sensitivity of the U-bent probes allows the absorption of the light passing through the fiber by the AuNP labels, upon the formation of a sandwich immunocomplex of CHIKV-nsP3 on the core surface of the U-bent probe region. A simple optical set-up with a low-cost green LED and a photodetector on either end of the U-bent probe gave rise to a detection limit of 0.52 ng mL-1 (8.6 pM), and a linear range of 1-104 ng mL-1 with a sensitivity of 0.1043A530 nm/log(CnsP3). In addition, the plasmonic POF biosensor shows strong specificity towards the CHIKV-nsP3 analyte in comparison with Pf-HRP2, HIgG, and dengue whole virus. The results illustrate the potential of plasmonic POF biosensors for direct and sensitive point-of-care detection of the chikungunya viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankitha George
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India.
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Amin M, Siddiqui O, Abutarboush H, Farhat M, Ramzan R. A THz graphene metasurface for polarization selective virus sensing. CARBON 2021; 176:580-591. [PMID: 33612849 PMCID: PMC7881294 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a novel method to exploit chirality of highly sensitive graphene plasmonic metasurfaces to characterize complex refractive indexes (RI) of viruses by detecting the polarization state of the reflected electric fields in the THz spectrum. A dispersive graphene metasurface is designed to produce chiral surface currents to couple linearly polarized incident fields to circularly polarized reflected fields. The metasurface sensing sensitivity is the result of surface plasmon currents that flow in a chiral fashion with strong intensity due to the underlying geometrical resonance. Consequently, unique polarization states are observed in the far-field with the ellipticity values that change rapidly with the analyte's RI. The determination of bimolecular RI is treated as an inverse problem in which the polarization states of the virus is compared with a pre-calculated calibration model that is obtained by full-wave electromagnetic simulations. We demonstrate the polarization selective sensing method by RI discrimination of three different types of Avian Influenza (AI) viruses including H1N1, H5N2, and H9N2 is possible. Since the proposed virus characterization method only requires determination of the polarization ellipses including its orientation at monochromatic frequency, the required instrumentation is simpler compared to traditional spectroscopic methods which need a broadband frequency scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amin
- College of Engineering, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Siddiqui
- College of Engineering, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Abutarboush
- College of Engineering, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Farhat
- Division of Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Ramzan
- National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rahmati Z, Roushani M, Hosseini H, Choobin H. Electrochemical immunosensor with Cu 2O nanocube coating for detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:105. [PMID: 33651173 PMCID: PMC7921825 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic starting in 2020. Accordingly, testing is crucial for mitigating the economic and public health effects. In order to facilitate point-of-care diagnosis, this study aims at presenting a label-free electrochemical biosensor as a powerful nanobiodevice for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection. Utilizing the IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody onto the electrode surface as a specific platform in an ordered orientation through staphylococcal protein A (ProtA) is highly significant in fabricating the designed nanobiodevice. In this sense, the screen-printed carbon electrode modified with Cu2O nanocubes (Cu2O NCs), which provide a large surface area in a very small space, was applied in order to increase the ProtA loading on the electrode surface. Accordingly, the sensitivity and stability of the sensing platform significantly increased. The electrochemical evaluations proved that there is a very good linear relationship between the charge transfer resistance (Rct) and spike protein contents via a specific binding reaction in the range 0.25 fg mL-1 to 1 μg mL-1. Moreover, the assay when tested with influenza viruses 1 and 2 was performed in 20 min with a low detection limit of 0.04 fg mL-1 for spike protein without any cross-reactivity. The designed nanobiodevice exhibited an average satisfactory recovery rate of ~ 97-103% in different artificial sample matrices, i.e., saliva, artificial nasal, and universal transport medium (UTM), illustrating its high detection performance and practicability. The nanobiodevice was also tested using real patients and healthy samples, where the results had been already obtained using the standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure, and showed satisfactory results. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Rahmati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, P. O. BOX. 69315-516, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Roushani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, P. O. BOX. 69315-516, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Hadi Hosseini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ilam University, P. O. BOX. 69315-516, Ilam, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Choobin
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Ewan HS, Biyani SA, DiDomenico J, Logsdon D, Sobreira TJP, Avramova L, Cooks RG, Thompson DH. Aldol Reactions of Biorenewable Triacetic Acid Lactone Precursor Evaluated Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry High-Throughput Experimentation and Validated by Continuous Flow Synthesis. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:796-803. [PMID: 33211961 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) was used as a high-throughput experimentation (HTE) tool to rapidly identify derivatives of the biobased platform molecule triacetic acid lactone (TAL). TAL is a platform molecule capable of conversion to a wide range of useful commodity chemicals, agrochemicals, and advanced pharmaceutical intermediates. In the present study, a diverse family of aldol reaction mixtures were prepared in high-density microtiter plates with a liquid handling robot, then printed with a pin tool onto a PTFE surface for analysis by DESI-MS. Our DESI-MS results indicate that aldol products of TAL were obtained for each substrate tested, in good agreement with previously reported TAL reactivity. These HTE experiments also revealed solvent-dependent reactivity trends that facilitated reaction scale up. Our findings suggest that DESI-MS analysis can rapidly inform the selection of optimal reaction conditions from a wide variety of conditions for scale up using continuous synthesis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Samuel Ewan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Shruti A. Biyani
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Jaycie DiDomenico
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - David Logsdon
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Tiago J. P. Sobreira
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - Larisa Avramova
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
| | - David H. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, 1203 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 United States
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Piroozmand F, Mohammadipanah F, Faridbod F. Emerging biosensors in detection of natural products. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2020; 5:293-303. [PMID: 32954023 PMCID: PMC7484522 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are a valuable source in the food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, and many other industrial sectors. Their beneficial properties along with their potential toxicities make the detection, determination or quantification of NPs essential for their application. The advanced instrumental methods require time-consuming sample preparation and analysis. In contrast, biosensors allow rapid detection of NPs, especially in complex media, and are the preferred choice of detection when speed and high throughput are intended. Here, we review diverse biosensors reported for the detection of NPs. The emerging approaches for improving the efficiency of biosensors, such as microfluidics, nanotechnology, and magnetic beads, are also discussed. The simultaneous use of two detection techniques is suggested as a robust strategy for precise detection of a specific NP with structural complexity in complicated matrices. The parallel detection of a variety of NPs structures or biological activities in a mixture of extract in a single detection phase is among the anticipated future advancements in this field which can be achieved using multisystem biosensors applying multiple flow cells, sensing elements, and detection mechanisms on miniaturized folded chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Piroozmand
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadipanah
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Maeda Y, Sawada T, Takahashi T, Yuasa H, Mihara H. Affinity Control of Monosaccharide Conjugated Peptides against Lectins with a Set of Amino Acid Substitutions on α-Helical Structures. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2533-2540. [PMID: 33078924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Saccharides are well-known to play important roles in various biological events through specific interactions with target molecules such as carbohydrate-binding proteins (so-called lectins). Although characterization and identification of lectin molecules with saccharides are essential to understand biological events, they are still difficult due to weak interactions of saccharides, especially with monosaccharides. Herein, we demonstrate enhancement and control of monosaccharide affinity toward lectin proteins using chemical conjugation of monosaccharides with structurally regulated peptide and amino acid substitution. Thermodynamic analyses of the interactions by isothermal calorimetry measurements were performed to characterize the interactions between monosaccharide-conjugated peptide and the lectin molecules in detail. Conjugation with α-helical 16-mer short peptides drastically enhanced the affinity to lectins as compared with peptides with random coil structures, indicating that the α-helical peptide-based scaffold cooperatively interacted with lectins through additional interactions by suitable amino acids. Furthermore, suitable arrangement of the amino acids surrounding the monosaccharides on the α-helix afforded the conjugated peptides with varied affinities for two types of lectins. Our results indicate that the affinity of monosaccharide-conjugated peptides toward lectins is generally designable by appropriate conjugation of a simple monosaccharide with designed peptides, leading to the construction of a monosaccharide-modified peptide microarray toward high-throughput identification and/or screening of lectins in various biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Maeda
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiki Sawada
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hideya Yuasa
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Mihara
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan
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Forouzanfar S, Alam F, Pala N, Wang C. Highly sensitive label-free electrochemical aptasensors based on photoresist derived carbon for cancer biomarker detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 170:112598. [PMID: 33035901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
-Label-free electrochemical aptasensors for cancer biomarker detection can be a promising means for early detection of cancer due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, and low cost. In this study, a highly sensitive and selective label-free electrochemical aptasensor based on carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) was developed for the detection of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The active electrodes of the aptasensors were synthesized via carbonization of SU-8 derived electrodes at high temperatures in an oxygen-free furnace. An oxygen-plasma oxidation treatment was used to functionalize the C-MEMS electrodes, which provided efficient covalent immobilization of amino terminated affinity aptamers. The turn-off and turn-on detection strategies-based on capacitance and resistance measurement, respectively-were employed. The capacitance detection strategies exhibited a wide linear response range of 0.01-50 nM, with a high sensitivity of 3.33 mF cm-2 Logc-1 (unit of c, nM) and a low limit of detection of 7 pM (S/N = 3). The resistance detection strategies exhibited an even wider linear response range of 0.005-50 nM, and a lower limit of detection of 1.9 pM (S/N = 3), with a high sensitivity of 1.65 × 103 Ω Logc-1 (unit of c, nM). Both detection strategies provided high selectivity for PDGF-BB and high stability of 90.34% after 10 days. This research demonstrates that the developed label-free electrochemical C-MEMS based PDGF-BB aptasensor is highly sensitive, selective, and robust. This aptasensor is a promising prospect for the highly demanding task of early detection of cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Forouzanfar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, United States.
| | - Fahmida Alam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, United States
| | - Nezih Pala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, United States
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, United States.
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Kempa EE, Smith CA, Li X, Bellina B, Richardson K, Pringle S, Galman JL, Turner NJ, Barran PE. Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Mass Spectrometry for Ultrahigh-Throughput Analysis of Complex Mixtures up to and above 30 Hz. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12605-12612. [PMID: 32786490 PMCID: PMC8009470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
High-
and ultrahigh-throughput label-free sample analysis is required
by many applications, extending from environmental monitoring to drug
discovery and industrial biotechnology. HTS methods predominantly
are based on a targeted workflow, which can limit their scope. Mass
spectrometry readily provides chemical identity and abundance for
complex mixtures, and here, we use microdroplet generation microfluidics
to supply picoliter aliquots for analysis at rates up to and including
33 Hz. This is demonstrated for small molecules, peptides, and proteins
up to 66 kDa on three commercially available mass spectrometers from
salty solutions to mimic cellular environments. Designs for chip-based
interfaces that permit this coupling are presented, and the merits
and challenges of these interfaces are discussed. On an Orbitrap platform
droplet infusion rates of 6 Hz are used for analysis of cytochrome c, on a DTIMS Q-TOF similar rates were obtained, and on
a TWIMS Q-TOF utilizing IM-MS software rates up to 33 Hz are demonstrated.
The potential of this approach is demonstrated with proof of concept
experiments on crude mixtures including egg white, unpurified recombinant
protein, and a biotransformation supernatant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Kempa
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Clive A Smith
- Sphere Fluidics Limited, McClintock Building, Suite 7, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GP, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Li
- Sphere Fluidics Limited, McClintock Building, Suite 7, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GP, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Bellina
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Richardson
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Pringle
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - James L Galman
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Perdita E Barran
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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Khristunova E, Dorozhko E, Korotkova E, Kratochvil B, Vyskocil V, Barek J. Label-Free Electrochemical Biosensors for the Determination of Flaviviruses: Dengue, Zika, and Japanese Encephalitis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4600. [PMID: 32824351 PMCID: PMC7472106 DOI: 10.3390/s20164600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A highly effective way to improve prognosis of viral infectious diseases and to determine the outcome of infection is early, fast, simple, and efficient diagnosis of viral pathogens in biological fluids. Among a wide range of viral pathogens, Flaviviruses attract a special attention. Flavivirus genus includes more than 70 viruses, the most familiar being dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Haemorrhagic and encephalitis diseases are the most common severe consequences of flaviviral infection. Currently, increasing attention is being paid to the development of electrochemical immunological methods for the determination of Flaviviruses. This review critically compares and evaluates recent research progress in electrochemical biosensing of DENV, ZIKV, and JEV without labelling. Specific attention is paid to comparison of detection strategies, electrode materials, and analytical characteristics. The potential of so far developed biosensors is discussed together with an outlook for further development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Khristunova
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (E.D.); (E.K.); (B.K.)
- UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Dorozhko
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (E.D.); (E.K.); (B.K.)
| | - Elena Korotkova
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (E.D.); (E.K.); (B.K.)
| | - Bohumil Kratochvil
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (E.D.); (E.K.); (B.K.)
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vlastimil Vyskocil
- UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Barek
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lenin Avenue 30, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (E.K.); (E.D.); (E.K.); (B.K.)
- UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
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He S, Yuan Y, Nag A, Feng S, Afsarimanesh N, Han T, Mukhopadhyay SC, Organ DR. A Review on the Use of Impedimetric Sensors for the Inspection of Food Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5220. [PMID: 32698330 PMCID: PMC7400391 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper exhibits a thorough review of the use of impedimetric sensors for the analysis of food quality. It helps to understand the contribution of some of the major types of impedimetric sensors that are used for this application. The deployment of impedimetric sensing prototypes has been advantageous due to their wide linear range of responses, detection of the target analyte at low concentrations, good stability, high accuracy and high reproducibility in the results. The choice of these sensors was classified on the basis of structure and the conductive material used to develop them. The first category included the use of nanomaterials such as graphene and metallic nanowires used to form the sensing devices. Different forms of graphene nanoparticles, such as nano-hybrids, nanosheets, and nano-powders, have been largely used to sense biomolecules in the micro-molar range. The use of conductive materials such as gold, copper, tungsten and tin to develop nanowire-based prototypes for the inspection of food quality has also been shown. The second category was based on conventional electromechanical circuits such as electronic noses and other smart systems. Within this sector, the standardized systems, such as electronic noses, and LC circuit -based systems have been explained. Finally, some of the challenges posed by the existing sensors have been listed out, along with an estimate of the increase in the number of sensors employed to assess food quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.)
- Flinders Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Yang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (S.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Anindya Nag
- DGUT-CNAM Institute, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523000, China; (N.A.); (T.H.)
| | - Shilun Feng
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nasrin Afsarimanesh
- DGUT-CNAM Institute, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523000, China; (N.A.); (T.H.)
| | - Tao Han
- DGUT-CNAM Institute, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523000, China; (N.A.); (T.H.)
| | | | - Dominic Rowan Organ
- Department of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh SC000278, UK;
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Cesewski E, Johnson BN. Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 159:112214. [PMID: 32364936 PMCID: PMC7152911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are reviewed. Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are broadly reviewed in terms of transduction elements, biorecognition elements, electrochemical techniques, and biosensor performance. Transduction elements are discussed in terms of electrode material and form factor. Biorecognition elements for pathogen detection, including antibodies, aptamers, and imprinted polymers, are discussed in terms of availability, production, and immobilization approach. Emerging areas of electrochemical biosensor design are reviewed, including electrode modification and transducer integration. Measurement formats for pathogen detection are classified in terms of sample preparation and secondary binding steps. Applications of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of pathogens in food and water safety, medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and bio-threat applications are highlighted. Future directions and challenges of electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are discussed, including wearable and conformal biosensors, detection of plant pathogens, multiplexed detection, reusable biosensors for process monitoring applications, and low-cost, disposable biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cesewski
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Blake N Johnson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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50
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On-Chip Detection of the Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Technologies and Prospects. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11070629. [PMID: 32605280 PMCID: PMC7407176 DOI: 10.3390/mi11070629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and glaucoma are all regarded as neurodegenerative diseases (neuro-DDs) because these diseases are highly related to the degeneration loss of functions and death of neurons with aging. The conventional diagnostic methods such as neuroimaging for these diseases are not only expensive but also time-consuming, resulting in significant financial burdens for patients and public health challenge for nations around the world. Hence early detection of neuro-DDs in a cost-effective and rapid manner is critically needed. For the past decades, some chip-based detection technologies have been developed to address this challenge, showing great potential in achieving point-of-care (POC) diagnostics of neuro-DDs. In this review, chip-based detection of neuro-DDs' biomarkers enabled by different transducing mechanisms is evaluated.
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