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Paul RK, Raza K. Natural hypoglycaemic bioactives: Newer avenues and newer possibilities. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38990182 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The incidences of endocrine and metabolic disorders like diabetes have increased worldwide. Several proposed molecular pathways mechanisms for the management of diabetes have been identified, but glycaemic control is still a challenging task in the drug discovery process. Most of the drug discovery processes lead to numerous scaffolds that are prominent in natural products. The review deals with the natural bioactives as an α-amylase inhibitors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors, G-protein coupled receptors-40 agonists, PPAR-γ agonists and the activators of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and glucokinase. So, in this review, we focused on the hypoglycaemic bioactives, which will assist scientific developers, traditional medicinal practitioners, and readers to discover some potent antidiabetic molecules. Strategies like chemometric approaches, scaffold hopping, and total synthesis of natural products by group modification or ring opening/closing mechanism could be useful for the development of novel hit/lead antidiabetic molecules. The study concludes that each phyto molecule inherits a potential to get explored by repurposing techniques for various antidiabetic targets and offer an alternative antidiabetic therapeutic medicinal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kaisar Raza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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Cotas J, Lomartire S, Pereira L, Valado A, Marques JC, Gonçalves AMM. Seaweeds as Nutraceutical Elements and Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus: Future Perspectives. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:168. [PMID: 38667785 PMCID: PMC11051413 DOI: 10.3390/md22040168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition marked by high blood glucose levels caused by inadequate insulin synthesis or poor insulin use. This condition affects millions of individuals worldwide and is linked to a variety of consequences, including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Diabetes therapy now focuses on controlling blood glucose levels through lifestyle changes, oral medicines, and insulin injections. However, these therapies have limits and may not successfully prevent or treat diabetic problems. Several marine-derived chemicals have previously demonstrated promising findings as possible antidiabetic medicines in preclinical investigations. Peptides, polyphenols, and polysaccharides extracted from seaweeds, sponges, and other marine species are among them. As a result, marine natural products have the potential to be a rich source of innovative multitargeted medications for diabetes prevention and treatment, as well as associated complications. Future research should focus on the chemical variety of marine creatures as well as the mechanisms of action of marine-derived chemicals in order to find new antidiabetic medicines and maximize their therapeutic potential. Based on preclinical investigations, this review focuses on the next step for seaweed applications as potential multitargeted medicines for diabetes, highlighting the bioactivities of seaweeds in the prevention and treatment of this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cotas
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Silvia Lomartire
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
| | - Ana Valado
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro—SM Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society—CERNAS, Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Marques
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- Marine Resources, Conservation and Technology, Marine Algae Lab, CFE—Centre for Functional Ecology: Science for People & Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (S.L.); (L.P.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Garcia MR, Andrade PB, Lefranc F, Gomes NGM. Marine-Derived Leads as Anticancer Candidates by Disrupting Hypoxic Signaling through Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Inhibition. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:143. [PMID: 38667760 PMCID: PMC11051506 DOI: 10.3390/md22040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inadequate vascularization seen in fast-growing solid tumors gives rise to hypoxic areas, fostering specific changes in gene expression that bolster tumor cell survival and metastasis, ultimately leading to unfavorable clinical prognoses across different cancer types. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1 and HIF-2) emerge as druggable pivotal players orchestrating tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, thus positioning them as prime targets for cancer treatment. A range of HIF inhibitors, notably natural compounds originating from marine organisms, exhibit encouraging anticancer properties, underscoring their significance as promising therapeutic options. Bioprospection of the marine environment is now a well-settled approach to the discovery and development of anticancer agents that might have their medicinal chemistry developed into clinical candidates. However, despite the massive increase in the number of marine natural products classified as 'anticancer leads,' most of which correspond to general cytotoxic agents, and only a few have been characterized regarding their molecular targets and mechanisms of action. The current review presents a critical analysis of inhibitors of HIF-1 and HIF-2 and hypoxia-selective compounds that have been sourced from marine organisms and that might act as new chemotherapeutic candidates or serve as templates for the development of structurally similar derivatives with improved anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Garcia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
- 1H-TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Nelson G. M. Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
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Luo F, Zhu B, Wu D, Xu Y, Chen T, Li Y, Hu J. Construction of Phlorotannin-Based Nanoparticles for Alleviating Acute Liver Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47338-47349. [PMID: 37751516 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a severe health condition with limited treatment options. Phlorotannin (PT), a natural compound extracted from seaweeds, has shown potential in improving liver function. However, its poor stability and bioavailability have limited its applications in vivo. In this study, we developed PT-based nanoparticles (NPs) through a Mannich reaction with glycine, which exhibited good biocompatibility and prolonged circulation time in vivo. Our results revealed that the PT NPs possess strong free radical scavenging ability, effectively reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviating oxidative stress and proinflammatory responses in the H2O2-induced oxidative damage model of HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the PT NPs effectively attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver tissue of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury mice by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In summary, our results suggested that the PT NPs could serve as a promising nano-therapeutic strategy for alleviating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxian Luo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiangning Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Pereira L, Valado A. Algae-Derived Natural Products in Diabetes and Its Complications-Current Advances and Future Prospects. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1831. [PMID: 37763235 PMCID: PMC10533039 DOI: 10.3390/life13091831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Natural products and their derivatives have emerged as promising candidates for diabetes management due to their diverse compositions and pharmacological effects. Algae, in particular, have garnered attention for their potential as a source of bioactive compounds with anti-diabetic properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of algae-derived natural products for diabetes management, highlighting recent developments and future prospects. It underscores the pivotal role of natural products in diabetes care and delves into the diversity of algae, their bioactive constituents, and underlying mechanisms of efficacy. Noteworthy algal derivatives with substantial potential are briefly elucidated, along with their specific contributions to addressing distinct aspects of diabetes. The challenges and limitations inherent in utilizing algae for therapeutic interventions are examined, accompanied by strategic recommendations for optimizing their effectiveness. By addressing these considerations, this review aims to chart a course for future research in refining algae-based approaches. Leveraging the multifaceted pharmacological activities and chemical components of algae holds significant promise in the pursuit of novel antidiabetic treatments. Through continued research and the fine-tuning of algae-based interventions, the global diabetes burden could be mitigated, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pereira
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Valado
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro-SM Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
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Chen J, Zhou Z, Li P, Ye S, Li W, Li M, Zhu L, Ding Y. Investigation of the Potential Phlorotannins and Mechanism of Six Brown Algae in Treating Type II Diabetes Mellitus Based on Biological Activity, UPLC-QE-MS/MS, and Network Pharmacology. Foods 2023; 12:3000. [PMID: 37627999 PMCID: PMC10453309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has developed into an important health concern worldwide. The discovery of phlorotannins and their efficacy in the treatment of T2DM has become a hotspot for research in various fields. In this study, the potential phlorotannins and mechanism of six brown algae against T2DM were in-depth investigated using biological activity assays, LC-MS, and network pharmacology. First, the ethyl acetate fraction (EA frac.) showed high polyphenolic content and possessed significantly antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory abilities. Further, a total of fifty-nine peaks were obtained from six EA fracs. via UPLC-QE-MS/MS analysis, and fifteen of them were identified as phlorotannins and their isomers or derivatives. In detail, the chemical structures of six phlorotannins were inferred as dibenzodioxine-1,3,6,8-tetraol, bifuhalol, dioxinodehydroeckol, eckol, fucofurodiphlorethol, and fucotriphlorethol; three phlorotannin isomers were deduced to be fucophlorethol, trifucol, triphlorethol A, or triphlorethol B; and the phlorotannin derivative of m/z 263 was determined to be dibenzodioxine-1,2,3,6,8-pentanol or dibenzodioxine-1,2,4,5,7-pentanol. Moreover, 43 T2DM-related targets acted on by these chemicals were identified, and the function of phlorotannin to prevent and treat T2DM was elucidated in a holistic way based on the established compound-target-disease network, and GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zheng Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China;
| | - Ping Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shuhong Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Wei Li
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ming Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yan Ding
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (J.C.); (P.L.); (S.Y.); (L.Z.)
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Gisbert M, Franco D, Sineiro J, Moreira R. Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties of Phlorotannins from Ascophyllum nodosum Seaweed Extracts. Molecules 2023; 28:4937. [PMID: 37446599 PMCID: PMC10343254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28134937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their potential health benefits and high contents of bioactive compounds. This review focuses on the exploration of seaweed's health-promoting properties, with particular emphasis on phlorotannins, a class of bioactive compounds known for their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Various novel and ecofriendly extraction methods, including solid-liquid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction are examined for their effectiveness in isolating phlorotannins. The chemical structure and isolation of phlorotannins are discussed, along with methods for their characterization, such as spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and chromatography. Special attention is given to the antioxidant activity of phlorotannins. The inhibitory capacities of polyphenols, specifically phlorotannins from Ascophyllum nodosum against digestive enzymes, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase, are explored. The results suggest that polyphenols from Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed hold significant potential as enzyme inhibitors, although the inhibitory activity may vary depending on the extraction conditions and the specific enzyme involved. In conclusion, seaweed exhibits great potential as a functional food ingredient for promoting health and preventing chronic diseases. Overall, this review aims to condense a comprehensive collection of high-yield, low-cost, and ecofriendly extraction methods for obtaining phlorotannins with remarkable antioxidant and antidiabetic capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gisbert
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.); (D.F.); (J.S.)
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, Stillorgan Rd, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel Franco
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.); (D.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Jorge Sineiro
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.); (D.F.); (J.S.)
| | - Ramón Moreira
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.G.); (D.F.); (J.S.)
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Pereira L, Cotas J. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols and Other Micronutrients of Marine Origin. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:323. [PMID: 37367648 DOI: 10.3390/md21060323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are compounds found in various plants and foods, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, researchers have been exploring the therapeutic potential of marine polyphenols and other minor nutrients that are found in algae, fish and crustaceans. These compounds have unique chemical structures and exhibit diverse biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor action. Due to these properties, marine polyphenols are being investigated as possible therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. This review focuses on the therapeutic potential of marine polyphenols and their applications in human health, and also, in marine phenolic classes, the extraction methods, purification techniques and future applications of marine phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pereira
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, IATV-Institute of Environment, Technology and Life, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto do Ambiente Tecnologia e Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Cotas
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, IATV-Institute of Environment, Technology and Life, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Erpel F, Camilo C, Mateos R, Ricardo Pérez-Correa J. A macroporous resin purification process to obtain food-grade phlorotannin-rich extracts with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from Chilean brown seaweeds: An UHPLC-MS n profiling. Food Chem 2023; 402:134472. [PMID: 36303384 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient macroporous resin purification process was designed to obtain food-grade phlorotannin-rich extracts from the seaweeds Durvillaea incurvata and Lessonia spicata. Phlorotannins were profiled to relate structures with the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the extracts. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied for tentative identification. The best phlorotannin purification performance was achieved with HP-20 resin and elution with 80% v/v ethanol. This is the first study that demonstrates the effectivity of HP-20 resin for removing potentially toxic elements (As, Cd) from seaweed extracts. Fucols/phlorethols/fucophlorethols isomers up to 4 phloroglucinol units (PGU) were the most representative phlorotannins. High molecular weight species (11-21 PGU), although in low abundances, were detected in D. incurvata for the first time. Eckols, carmalols, fuhalols, phenolic acids, and flavonoids were also detected. Some extracts' potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were related to their high phlorotannin abundances, the presence of phlorotannins of a high degree of polymerization, and the phlorotannins class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Erpel
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Conrado Camilo
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Raquel Mateos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Calle José Antonio Novais, 10, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - J Ricardo Pérez-Correa
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
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Kumari A, Garima, Bharadvaja N. A comprehensive review on algal nutraceuticals as prospective therapeutic agent for different diseases. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:44. [PMID: 36643398 PMCID: PMC9834485 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ongoing research in the food supplement sector provides insightful information regarding algae as a new-generation nutritional supplement and is also referred to as a superfood. Due to the diverse nutritional components, algae have documented numerous health benefits like fighting microbial diseases, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Therefore, algae-derived nutraceuticals account for a rapidly expanding market in the food supplements sector. The concept of algal prebiotics and their role in modulating gut microbiota have also been a chief contributor to this. This review evaluates the use of possible algal species and their specific bioactive compounds for the management of several chronic diseases. Proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, phenolics, and vitamins give an insight into the significance of algae in boosting the immune system and improving the body's nutritional makeup. In addition, phyco-compounds such as polysaccharides and polyphenols are also receiving a lot more interest in cosmeceutical applications for protecting skin from photodamage. The incorporation of algae in the diet for the management and prevention of chronic diseases like cancer, lung, and heart disease has been discussed in this review along with their action mechanism. This review provides a brief overview of several bioactive compounds present in micro and macroalgae and their therapeutic effect on lifestyle diseases, gastrointestinal diseases as well as neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Kumari
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042 India
| | - Garima
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042 India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042 India
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Yin S, Siahaan EA, Niu L, Shibata M, Liu Y, Hagiwara T. Real time monitoring and evaluation of the inhibition effect of fucoxanthin against α-amylase activity by using QCM-A. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1110615. [PMID: 36712503 PMCID: PMC9877462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1110615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The main symptoms of diabetes are hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The inhibition of the starch digestion enzymes could effectively regulate starch digestion and glucose absorption, thereby slowing or treating the symptoms of postprandial hyperglycemia. Herein, we used fucoxanthin isolated from Undaria pinnatifida stems, as α-amylase inhibitor, and monitored the interactions of both biomolecules by using quartz crystal microbalance-admittance (QCM-A) instrument. All the processes of α-amylase hydrolysis of starch were also dynamically tracked by using amylose-immobilized QCM technology. In our work, we found that the kinetic parameter (k off, k on, and k cat) values obtained by the QCM-A analysis were relatively consistent compared to the kinetic parameter values obtained by the conventional Michaelis-Menten analysis. For the inhibitory reactions, the results showed that fucoxanthin significantly reduced the activity of α-amylase in a dose-dependent manner. The QCM-A technology shown to be an excellent approach in obtaining comprehensive and accurate kinetic parameters, thereby providing real and accurate data for kinetic studies. It is helpful to clarify the mechanism of action of fucoxanthin on α-amylase, which further proved the potential of fucoxanthin to improve and treat postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China,Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Shipeng Yin,
| | - Evi Amelia Siahaan
- Research Centre for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Liqiong Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mario Shibata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tomoaki Hagiwara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,Tomoaki Hagiwara,
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Bajaj S, Gupta S. Nutraceuticals: A Promising Approach Towards Diabetic Neuropathy. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:581-595. [PMID: 36263482 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666221018090024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various nutraceuticals from different sources have various beneficial actions and have been reported for many years. The important findings from the research conducted using various nutraceuticals exhibiting significant physiological and pharmacological activities have been summarized. METHODS An extensive investigation of literature was done using several worldwide electronic scientific databases like PUBMED, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, etc. The entire manuscript is available in the English language that is used for our various compounds of interest. These databases were thoroughly reviewed and summarized. RESULTS Nutraceuticals obtained from various sources play a vital role in the management of peripheral neuropathy associated with diabetes. Treatment with nutraceuticals has been beneficial as an alternative in preventing the progression. In particular, in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that a variety of nutraceuticals have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may inhibit the early diabetes-driven molecular mechanisms that induce DPN. CONCLUSION Nutraceuticals obtained from different sources like a plant, an animal, and marine have been properly utilized for the safety of health. In our opinion, this review could be of great interest to clinicians, as it offers a complementary perspective on the management of DPN. Trials with a well-defined patient and symptom selection have shown robust pharmacological design as pivotal points to let these promising compounds become better accepted by the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Bajaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India
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13
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Nagahawatta DP, Liyanage NM, Jayawardhana HHACK, Jayawardena TU, Lee HG, Heo MS, Jeon YJ. Eckmaxol Isolated from Ecklonia maxima Attenuates Particulate-Matter-Induced Inflammation in MH-S Lung Macrophage. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:766. [PMID: 36547913 PMCID: PMC9785775 DOI: 10.3390/md20120766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) originating from industrial processes is a major threat to the environment and health in East Asia. PM can cause asthma, collateral lung tissue damage, oxidative stress, allergic reactions, and inflammation. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of eckmaxol, a phlorotannin isolated from Ecklonia maxima, against PM-induced inflammation in MH-S macrophage cells. It was found that PM induced inflammation in MH-S lung macrophages, which was inhibited by eckmaxol treatment in a dose-dependent manner (21.0−84.12 µM). Eckmaxol attenuated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in PM-induced lung macrophages. Subsequently, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were downregulated. PM stimulated inflammation in MH-S lung macrophages by activating Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Eckmaxol exhibited anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the activation of TLRs, downstream signaling of NF-κB (p50 and p65), and MAPK pathways, including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. These findings suggest that eckmaxol may offer substantial therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - N. M. Liyanage
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - H. H. A. C. K. Jayawardhana
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Thilina U. Jayawardena
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Heo
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Jeju Self-Governing Province, Republic of Korea
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14
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Monteiro P, Lomartire S, Cotas J, Marques JC, Pereira L, Gonçalves AMM. Call the Eckols: Present and Future Potential Cancer Therapies. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:387. [PMID: 35736190 PMCID: PMC9230804 DOI: 10.3390/md20060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increased interest in marine macroalgae bioactive compounds has been recorded due to their benefits to human health and welfare. Several of their bioactivities have been demonstrated, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antibacterial and antiviral behavior. However, there still lacks a clear definition regarding how these compounds exert their bioactive properties. Of all the bioactive compounds derived from marine macroalgae, attention has been focused on phenolic compounds, specifically in phlorotannins, due to their potential for biomedical applications. Phlorotannins are a diverse and wide group of phenolic compounds, with several structural variations based on the monomer phloroglucinol. Among the diverse phlorotannin structures, the eckol-family of phlorotannins demonstrates remarkable bioactivity, notably their anti-tumoral properties. However, the molecular mechanisms by which this activity is achieved remain elusive and sparse. This review focuses on the described molecular mechanisms of anti-tumoral effects by the eckol family of compounds and the future prospects of these molecules for potential application in oncology therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Monteiro
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (S.L.); (J.C.); (J.C.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Silvia Lomartire
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (S.L.); (J.C.); (J.C.M.); (L.P.)
| | - João Cotas
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (S.L.); (J.C.); (J.C.M.); (L.P.)
| | - João C. Marques
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (S.L.); (J.C.); (J.C.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (S.L.); (J.C.); (J.C.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (S.L.); (J.C.); (J.C.M.); (L.P.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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15
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Vodouhè M, Marois J, Guay V, Leblanc N, Weisnagel SJ, Bilodeau JF, Jacques H. Marginal Impact of Brown Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus Extract on Metabolic and Inflammatory Response in Overweight and Obese Prediabetic Subjects. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:174. [PMID: 35323474 PMCID: PMC8951415 DOI: 10.3390/md20030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to test whether a brown seaweed extract rich in polyphenols combined with a low-calorie diet would induce additional weight loss and improve blood glucose homeostasis in association with a metabolic and inflammatory response in overweight/obese prediabetic subjects. Fifty-six overweight/obese, dysglycemic, and insulin-resistant men and women completed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and parallel clinical trial. Subjects were administrated 500 mg/d of either brown seaweed extract or placebo combined with individualized nutritional advice for moderate weight loss over a period of 12 weeks. Glycemic, anthropometric, blood pressure, heart rate, body composition, lipid profile, gut integrity, and oxidative and inflammatory markers were measured before and at the end of the trial. No effect was observed on blood glucose. We observed significant but small decreases in plasma C-peptide at 120 min during 2 h-OGTT (3218 ± 181 at pre-intervention vs. 2865 ± 186 pmol/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 3004 ± 199 at pre-intervention vs. 2954 ± 179 pmol/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.002), heart rate (72 ± 10 at pre-intervention vs. 69 ± 9 (n/min) at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 68 ± 9 at pre-intervention vs. 68 ± 8 (n/min) at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.01), and an inhibition in the increase of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) (1.3 ± 0.7 at pre-intervention vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 pg/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 1.4 ± 1.1 at pre-intervention vs. 2.2 ± 1.6 pg/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.02) following brown seaweed consumption compared with placebo in the context of moderate weight loss. Although consumption of brown seaweed extract had no effect on body weight or blood glucose, an early attenuation of the inflammatory response was observed in association with marginal changes in metabolic parameters related to the prevention of diabetes type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Vodouhè
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Julie Marois
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Valérie Guay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Stanley John Weisnagel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Hélène Jacques
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
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16
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Fernando IPS, Lee W, Ahn G. Marine algal flavonoids and phlorotannins; an intriguing frontier of biofunctional secondary metabolites. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 42:23-45. [PMID: 34016003 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1922351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Algae are the oldest representatives of the plant world with reserves exceeding hundreds of millions of tons in the world's oceans. Currently, a growing interest is placed toward the use of algae as feedstocks for obtaining numerous natural products. Algae are a rich source of polyphenols that possess intriguing structural diversity. Among the algal polyphenols, phlorotannins, which are unique to brown seaweeds, and have immense value as potent modulators of biochemical processes linked to chronic diseases. In algae, flavonoids remain under-explored compared to other categories of polyphenols. Both phlorotannins and flavonoids are inclusive of compounds indicating a wide structural diversity. The present paper reviews the literature on the ecological significance, biosynthesis, structural diversity, and bioactivity of seaweed phlorotannins and flavonoids. The potential implementation of these chemical entities in functional foods, cosmeceuticals, medicaments, and as templates in drug design are described in detail, and perspectives are provided to tackle what are perceived to be the most momentous challenges related to the utilization of phlorotannins and flavonoids. Moving beyond: industrial biotechnology applications, metabolic engineering, total synthesis, biomimetic synthesis, and chemical derivatization of phlorotannins and flavonoids could broaden the research perspectives contributing to the health and economic up-gradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - WonWoo Lee
- Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, 99, Gohadoan-gil, Mokpo-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea
| | - Ginnae Ahn
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
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17
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Agarwal S, Singh V, Chauhan K. Antidiabetic potential of seaweed and their bioactive compounds: a review of developments in last decade. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5739-5770. [PMID: 35048763 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2024130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a public health problem worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality rate associated with it. Diabetes can be managed by synthetic hypoglycemic drugs, although their persistent uses have several side effects. Hence, there is a paradigm shift toward the use of natural products having antidiabetic potential. Seaweeds, large marine benthic algae, are an affluent source of various bioactive compounds, including phytochemicals and antioxidants thus exhibiting various health promoting properties. Seaweed extracts and its bioactive compounds have antidiabetic potential as they inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes in vitro and exhibit blood glucose lowering effect in random and post prandial blood glucose tests in vivo. In addition, they have been associated with reduced weight gain in animals probably by decreasing mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines with concomitant increase in mRNA expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Their beneficial effect has been seen in serum and hepatic lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes indicating the protective role of seaweeds against free radicals mediated oxidative stress induced hyperglycemia and associated hyperlipidemia. However, the detailed and in-depth studies of seaweeds as whole, their bioactive isolates and their extracts need to be explored further for their health benefits and wide application in food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Agarwal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipet, India
| | - Vikas Singh
- Department of Food Business Management and Entrepreneurship Development, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, India
| | - Komal Chauhan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipet, India
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18
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Okeke ES, Nweze EJ, Chibuogwu CC, Anaduaka EG, Chukwudozie KI, Ezeorba TPC. Aquatic Phlorotannins and Human Health: Bioavailability, Toxicity, and Future Prospects. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211056144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal chemists and pharmacognosists have relied on terrestrial sources for bioactive phytochemicals to manage and treat disease conditions. However, minimal interest is given to sea life, especially macroalgae and their inherent phytochemical reserves. Phlorotannins are a special class of phytochemicals mainly predominant in brown algae of marine and estuarine habitats. Phlorotannins are formed through the polymerization of phloroglucinol residues and derivatives via the polyketide (acetate–malonate) pathway. Studies over the past decades have implicated phlorotannins with several bioactivities, including anti-herbivory, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-diabetic, radio-protective, adipogenic, anti-allergic, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) properties. All these activities are reflected in their applications as nutraceuticals and cosmeceutical agents. This article reviews the chemical composition of phlorotannins, their biological roles, and their applications. Moreover, very few studies on phlorotannin bioavailability, safety, and toxicity have been thoroughly reviewed. The paper concludes by suggesting exciting research questions for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, P.R. China
- Organization of African Academic Doctor, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ekene John Nweze
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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19
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Meng W, Mu T, Sun H, Garcia-Vaquero M. Phlorotannins: A review of extraction methods, structural characteristics, bioactivities, bioavailability, and future trends. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Kim Y, Shin J, Shin H, Park K. Regioselective syntheses and analyses of
phlorofucofuroeckol‐A
derivatives. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongkyun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung‐Ang University Dongjak‐gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jooseok Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung‐Ang University Dongjak‐gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon‐cheol Shin
- Center for Molecular Intelligence The State University of New York Korea Incheon Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangyong Park
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung‐Ang University Dongjak‐gu, Seoul Republic of Korea
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21
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Darwish WS, Khadr AES, Kamel MAEN, Abd Eldaim MA, El Sayed IET, Abdel-Bary HM, Ullah S, Ghareeb DA. Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Egyptian Carob Pods ( Ceratonia siliqua L.) Aqueous Extract: In Vitro Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122626. [PMID: 34961100 PMCID: PMC8706755 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ceratonia siliqua (Carob) is an evergreen Mediterranean tree, and carob pods are potentially nutritive and have medicinal value. The present study was carried out to estimate the possible biological activities of phytochemical-characterized carob pod aqueous extract (CPAE). The phytochemical contents of CPAE were determined by using colorimetric methods and HPLC. In addition, the free radical scavenging properties and anti-diabetic, anti-hemolytic, and antimicrobial activities were estimated by using standardized in vitro protocols. The phytochemical analysis revealed that CPAE was rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids, where it contained a significant amount of gallic acid, catechin, and protocatechuic acid. Furthermore, CPAE exhibited strong antioxidant activity where it prevented the formation of 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide free radicals. Additionally, it had a potent inhibitory effect against digestive enzymes (amylase, maltase, sucrase, and lactase). Moreover, CPAE exhibited anti-Staph aureus, anti-Escherichia coli, anti-Candida albicans, and anti-herpes simplex type I virus (HSV-I). Finally, CPAE protected the erythrocyte membrane from hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis. Altogether, CPAE could be regarded as an interesting source of biologically active antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and antimicrobial preparation for a potential application in pharmaceutical and food supplement fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Sobhy Darwish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt; (W.S.D.); (A.E.S.K.); (I.E.T.E.S.); (H.M.A.-B.)
| | - Abada El Sayed Khadr
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt; (W.S.D.); (A.E.S.K.); (I.E.T.E.S.); (H.M.A.-B.)
| | - Maher Abd El Naby Kamel
- Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt;
| | - Mabrouk A. Abd Eldaim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt; (W.S.D.); (A.E.S.K.); (I.E.T.E.S.); (H.M.A.-B.)
| | - Hamed Mohamed Abdel-Bary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt; (W.S.D.); (A.E.S.K.); (I.E.T.E.S.); (H.M.A.-B.)
| | - Sami Ullah
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Ahmed Ghareeb
- Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt;
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22
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Mabate B, Daub CD, Malgas S, Edkins AL, Pletschke BI. A Combination Approach in Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related Enzymes Using Ecklonia radiata Fucoidan and Acarbose. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1979. [PMID: 34834394 PMCID: PMC8619669 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are chemotherapeutic efforts in place for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), there is a need for novel strategies (including natural products) to manage T2DM. Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide was extracted from Ecklonia radiata. The integrity of the fucoidan was confirmed by structural analysis techniques such as FT-IR, NMR and TGA. In addition, the fucoidan was chemically characterised and tested for cell toxicity. The fucoidan was investigated with regards to its potential to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The fucoidan was not cytotoxic and inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 19 µg/mL) more strongly than the standard commercial drug acarbose (IC50 332 µg/mL). However, the fucoidan lacked potency against α-amylase. On the other hand, acarbose was a more potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC50 of 109 µg/mL) than α-glucosidase. Due to side effects associated with the use of acarbose, a combination approach using acarbose and fucoidan was investigated. The combination showed synergistic inhibition (>70%) of α-glucosidase compared to when the drugs were used alone. The medicinal implication of this synergism is that a regimen with a reduced acarbose dose may be used, thus minimising side effects to the patient, while achieving the desired therapeutic effect for managing T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Mabate
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.)
| | - Chantal Désirée Daub
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.)
| | - Samkelo Malgas
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
| | - Adrienne Lesley Edkins
- Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa;
| | - Brett Ivan Pletschke
- Enzyme Science Programme (ESP), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.M.); (C.D.D.)
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23
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Adding value to marine invaders by exploring the potential of Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt phlorotannin extract on targets underlying metabolic changes in diabetes. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Potential Anti-Aging Substances Derived from Seaweeds. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18110564. [PMID: 33218066 PMCID: PMC7698806 DOI: 10.3390/md18110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The exact mechanisms underlying the aging process are not fully elucidated. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that several pathways, such as sirtuin, AMP-activated protein kinase, insulin-like growth factor, autophagy, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 play critical roles in regulating aging. Furthermore, genetic or dietary interventions of these pathways can extend lifespan by delaying the aging process. Seaweeds are a food source rich in many nutrients, including fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive compounds. The health benefits of seaweeds include, but are not limited to, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obese activities. Interestingly, a body of studies shows that some seaweed-derived extracts or isolated compounds, can modulate these aging-regulating pathways or even extend lifespans of various animal models. However, few such studies have been conducted on higher animals or even humans. In this review, we focused on potential anti-aging bioactive substances in seaweeds that have been studied in cells and animals mainly based on their anti-aging cellular and molecular mechanisms.
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Kim Y, Shin J, Kang SM, Song J, Shin HC, Keum YS, Hwang HJ, Park K. Highly Regioselective Preparation and Characterization of New 6-O-Substituted Dieckol Derivatives. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Gabbia D, De Martin S. Brown Seaweeds for the Management of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases. Molecules 2020; 25:E4182. [PMID: 32932674 PMCID: PMC7570850 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the coexistence of different metabolic disorders which increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, metabolic syndrome leads to a reduction in patients' quality of life as well as to an increase in morbidity and mortality. In the last few decades, it has been demonstrated that seaweeds exert multiple beneficial effects by virtue of their micro- and macronutrient content, which could help in the management of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This review aims to provide an updated overview on the potential of brown seaweeds for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases, based on the most recent evidence obtained from in vitro and in vivo preclinical and clinical studies. Owing to their great potential for health benefits, brown seaweeds are successfully used in some nutraceuticals and functional foods for treating metabolic syndrome comorbidities. However, some issues still need to be tackled and deepened to improve the knowledge of their ADME/Tox profile in humans, in particular by finding validated indexes of their absorption and obtaining reliable information on their efficacy and long-term safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gabbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Allwood JW, Evans H, Austin C, McDougall GJ. Extraction, Enrichment, and LC-MS n-Based Characterization of Phlorotannins and Related Phenolics from the Brown Seaweed, Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E448. [PMID: 32867333 PMCID: PMC7551814 DOI: 10.3390/md18090448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic components from the edible brown seaweed, Ascophyllum nodosum, have been associated with considerable antioxidant activity but also bioactivities related to human health. This study aims to select and identify the main phlorotannin components from this seaweed which have been previously associated with potential health benefits. Methods to enrich phenolic components then further select phlorotannin components from ethanolic extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum were applied. The composition and phenolic diversity of these extracts were defined using data dependent liquid chromatography mass spectroscopic (LC-MSn) techniques. A series of phlorotannin oligomers with apparent degree of polymerization (DP) from 10 to 31 were enriched by solid phase extraction and could be selected by fractionation on Sephadex LH-20. Evidence was also obtained for the presence of dibenzodioxin linked phlorotannins as well as sulphated phlorotannins and phenolic acids. As well as diversity in molecular size, there was evidence for potential isomers at each DP. MS2 fragmentation analyses strongly suggested that the phlorotannins contained ether linked phloroglucinol units and were most likely fucophlorethols and MS3 data suggested that the isomers may result from branching within the chain. Therefore, application of these LC-MSn techniques provided further information on the structural diversity of the phlorotannins from Ascophyllum, which could be correlated against their reported bioactivities and could be further applied to phlorotannins from different seaweed species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. William Allwood
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; (J.W.A.); (C.A.)
| | - Huw Evans
- Byotrol Ltd., Thornton Science Park, Chester CH2 4NU, UK;
| | - Ceri Austin
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; (J.W.A.); (C.A.)
| | - Gordon J. McDougall
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; (J.W.A.); (C.A.)
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Brito AF. Assessing the potential of milk iodine intake to mitigate iodine deficiency in pregnant women of the United States via supplementation of Ascophyllum nodosum meal to dairy cows: A sensitivity analysis. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6798-6809. [PMID: 32505413 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum is known to bioaccumulate iodine (I). Previous research showed a linear relationship between A. nodosum meal (ASCO) intake and milk I concentration in dairy cows. Thus, improving milk I concentration by supplementation of ASCO to dairy cows may be a compelling strategy to naturally boost I intake in humans. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to gain insights regarding how different milk I intakes affect the I status of pregnant women relative to the United States Institute of Medicine (US IOM) recommended dietary allowance (RDA; 220 µg/d) and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended nutrient intake (RNI; 250 µg/d) for I. Four studies in which dairy cows received various amounts of ASCO generated the milk I data set used in the sensitivity analysis. The annual per capita consumption of 2% reduced-fat milk in the United States, converted to daily intake (i.e., 0.26 cup; 1 cup = 236.6 mL), was used as the actual milk intake in the simulations. Five additional milk intake scenarios (2, 3, 4, and 5 times the actual per capita milk consumption and the 3 cups-equivalent recommended by the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for American were also included in the sensitivity analysis with varying milk I concentrations (180, 765, and 483 µg/L). The 180, 765, and 483 µg/L values are milk I concentrations derived from cows not receiving ASCO or fed various amounts of ASCO in the diet or a single level (113 g/d) during the grazing season, respectively. With the actual United States milk per capita consumption of 0.26 cup/d and milk I concentrations of 180, 765, and 483 µg/L, 5.09, 21.7, and 13.6% of the RDA for I for pregnant women were met based on the US IOM, respectively. Similarly, 4.48, 19, and 12% of the RNI for I advised by the WHO was achieved with intake of 0.26 cup/d of milk containing I concentrations of 180, 765, and 483 µg/L, respectively. When 3 cups/d was included in the simulations, 58.2, 247, and 156% (US IOM), and 51.2, 217, and 137% (WHO) of the RDA or RNI for I required by gestating women was satisfied with milk I concentrations of 180, 765, and 483 µg/L, respectively. A regression analysis between I intake and milk I concentration revealed that 103 g/d of ASCO in the diet of dairy cows reached the maximum 500 µg/L threshold of I in milk recommended by the European Food Society Authority. Overall, milk from dairy cows fed ASCO can prevent I deficiency in pregnant women, but the amount of ASCO fed to cows needs to be fine-tuned to avoid excess I in milk. Further research is required to better understand the interactions between goitrogenic compounds from forages and concentrates and milk I concentration in cows fed ASCO. Research to evaluate the concentration of I in retail organic milk should be also conducted because of the high prevalence of ASCO fed in organic dairies in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Brito
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824.
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Cotas J, Leandro A, Monteiro P, Pacheco D, Figueirinha A, Gonçalves AMM, da Silva GJ, Pereira L. Seaweed Phenolics: From Extraction to Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E384. [PMID: 32722220 PMCID: PMC7460554 DOI: 10.3390/md18080384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have attracted high interest in recent years due to their chemical and bioactive properties to find new molecules with valuable applications for humankind. Phenolic compounds are the group of metabolites with the most structural variation and the highest content in seaweeds. The most researched seaweed polyphenol class is the phlorotannins, which are specifically synthesized by brown seaweeds, but there are other polyphenolic compounds, such as bromophenols, flavonoids, phenolic terpenoids, and mycosporine-like amino acids. The compounds already discovered and characterized demonstrate a full range of bioactivities and potential future applications in various industrial sectors. This review focuses on the extraction, purification, and future applications of seaweed phenolic compounds based on the bioactive properties described in the literature. It also intends to provide a comprehensive insight into the phenolic compounds in seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cotas
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Adriana Leandro
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (G.J.d.S.)
| | - Diana Pacheco
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Jorge da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (G.J.d.S.)
| | - Leonel Pereira
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.C.); (A.L.); (D.P.); (A.M.M.G.)
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Nazzaro F, Fratianni F, De Feo V, Battistelli A, Da Cruz AG, Coppola R. Polyphenols, the new frontiers of prebiotics. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2020; 94:35-89. [PMID: 32892838 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the identification of molecules capable to promote health and with a concurrent potential for technological applications. Prebiotics are functional ingredients naturally occurring in some plant and animal foods that since many decades stimulated considerable attention from the pharmaceutical and food industries due to their positive health effects. Together the well-known biomolecules with ascertained prebiotic effect, in last year new molecules were finally recognized as prebiotics, so capable to improve the health of an organism, also through the positive effect exerted on host microbiota. Among the so-called prebiotics, a special mention should be given to polyphenols, probably the most important, or at least among the most important secondary metabolites produced by the vegetal kingdom. This short chapter wants to emphasize polyphenols and, after briefly describing the individual microbiome, to illustrate how polyphenols can, through their influence on the microbiome, have a positive effect on the health of the individual in general, and on some pathologies in particular, for which the role of a bad status of the individual microbiome has been definitively established.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Adriano Gomes Da Cruz
- Food Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raffaele Coppola
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, DiAAA-University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Wu J, Sun X, Jiang Z, Jiang J, Xu L, Tian A, Sun X, Meng H, Li Y, Huang W, Jia Y, Wu H. Protective role of NRF2 in macrovascular complications of diabetes. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8903-8917. [PMID: 32628815 PMCID: PMC7417734 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrovascular complications develop in over a half of the diabetic individuals, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. This poses a severe threat to public health and a heavy burden to social economy. It is therefore important to develop effective approaches to prevent or slow down the pathogenesis and progression of macrovascular complications of diabetes (MCD). Oxidative stress is a major contributor to MCD. Nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (NRF2) governs cellular antioxidant defence system by activating the transcription of various antioxidant genes, combating diabetes‐induced oxidative stress. Accumulating experimental evidence has demonstrated that NRF2 activation protects against MCD. Structural inhibition of Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1) is a canonical way to activate NRF2. More recently, novel approaches, such as activation of the Nfe2l2 gene transcription, decreasing KEAP1 protein level by microRNA‐induced degradation of Keap1 mRNA, prevention of proteasomal degradation of NRF2 protein and modulation of other upstream regulators of NRF2, have emerged in prevention of MCD. This review provides a brief introduction of the pathophysiology of MCD and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of MCD. By reviewing previous work on the activation of NRF2 in MCD, we summarize strategies to activate NRF2, providing clues for future intervention of MCD. Controversies over NRF2 activation and future perspectives are also provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziping Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ao Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuechun Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huali Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA, USA
| | - Ye Jia
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Gunathilaka TL, Samarakoon K, Ranasinghe P, Peiris LDC. Antidiabetic Potential of Marine Brown Algae-a Mini Review. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:1230218. [PMID: 32377517 PMCID: PMC7197011 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1230218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine algae are an important source of bioactive metabolites in drug development and nutraceuticals. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and the third leading cause of death worldwide due to lifestyle changes associated with rapid urbanization. Due to the adverse side effects of currently available antidiabetic drugs, search for an effective natural-based antidiabetic drug is important to combat diabetes and its complications. Therefore, in lieu with herbal drug development, it is important to find the potential benefits of seaweeds for the management of type 2 diabetes as they are underexplored yet in Sri Lanka. Among the marine seaweeds, natural bioactive compounds are abundant in brown algae with potentials in application as active ingredients in drug leads and nutraceuticals. Bioactive secondary metabolites are derived from numerous biosynthetic pathways of marine algae which contribute to various chemical and biological properties. Phlorotannins present in marine brown algae exhibited antidiabetic activities through different mechanisms such as the inhibitory effect of enzyme targets mainly by inhibiting the enzymes such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE), aldose reductase, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP 1B) enzyme. In addition, phlorotannins derived from brown algae have the ability to reduce diabetic complications. Hence, the present review focuses on the different antidiabetic mechanisms of secondary bioactive compounds present in marine brown algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilina L. Gunathilaka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Kalpa Samarakoon
- National Science and Technology Commission, Dudley Senanayake Mawatha, Colombo 8 00800, Sri Lanka
| | | | - L. Dinithi C. Peiris
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
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Miyashita K, Beppu F, Hosokawa M, Liu X, Wang S. Nutraceutical characteristics of the brown seaweed carotenoid fucoxanthin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 686:108364. [PMID: 32315653 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx), a major carotenoid found in brown seaweed, is known to show a unique and wide variety of biological activities. Upon absorption, Fx is metabolized to fucoxanthinol and amarouciaxanthin, and these metabolites mainly accumulate in visceral white adipose tissue (WAT). As seen in other carotenoids, Fx can quench singlet oxygen and scavenge a wide range of free radicals. The antioxidant activity is related to the neuroprotective, photoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects of Fx. Fx is also reported to show anti-cancer activity through the regulation of several biomolecules and signaling pathways that are involved in either cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, or metastasis suppression. Among the biological activities of Fx, anti-obesity is the most well-studied and most promising effect. This effect is primarily based on the upregulation of thermogenesis by uncoupling protein 1 expression and the increase in the metabolic rate induced by mitochondrial activation. In addition, Fx shows anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin resistance and promoting glucose utilization in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Miyashita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Beppu
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Masashi Hosokawa
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng City, 264300, China
| | - Shuzhou Wang
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng City, 264300, China
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34
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Ford L, Theodoridou K, Sheldrake GN, Walsh PJ. A critical review of analytical methods used for the chemical characterisation and quantification of phlorotannin compounds in brown seaweeds. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2019; 30:587-599. [PMID: 31250488 PMCID: PMC6852508 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phlorotannins, the phenolic compounds found in brown seaweeds, are a unique and diverse class of compounds showing a huge potential for food and pharmaceutical applications. OBJECTIVE This review will give an account of the colorimetric assays used and a discussion of their quantitative and qualitative analytical shortcomings. It will also discuss other more complex and modern analytical chemistry methods that are currently being developed to study phlorotannins. The purpose of this review is to increase awareness of these bioactive compounds and promote further development of robust analytical methods for use in biology, food science, pharmacology and biomedical and cosmeceutical sciences. RESULTS Whilst the biological activity and huge commercial potential of the phlorotannins has been widely reported throughout the literature, the chemical structures and reactivity of these compounds is still not well understood. The phlorotannin content of seaweed is usually characterised using colorimetric assays. However, although these methods give a reasonable overall estimation of the total phenolic content, they lack precision and specificity. CONCLUSION This review highlights the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used colorimetric assays. Novel techniques are highlighted using more selective chemistry to identify this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Ford
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | | | - Gary N. Sheldrake
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Pamela J. Walsh
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
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Dong X, Bai Y, Xu Z, Shi Y, Sun Y, Janaswamy S, Yu C, Qi H. Phlorotannins from Undaria pinnatifida Sporophyll: Extraction, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E434. [PMID: 31344874 PMCID: PMC6723497 DOI: 10.3390/md17080434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll (U. pinnatifida) is a major byproduct of U. pinnatifida (a brown algae) processing. Its phenolic constituents, phlorotannins, are of special interest due to their intrinsic ability to precipitate proteins. Herein, a high-temperature extraction procedure was used to isolate these biologically active compounds. The heating temperature, heating time, and extraction solvent (ethanol) concentration were examined with response surface analysis to determine the optimal conditions to achieve the maximum extraction rate. The analysis revealed the optimal conditions to be: 170 °C of heating temperature, 5.2 h of heating time, and 52% ethanol concentration for a yield of 10.7 ± 0.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (GAE/g DW) of sample. Compared to epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the extracted phlorotannins displayed higher antioxidant activity on H2O2-induced RAW 264.7 cells with improved efficiency. Furthermore, the compounds exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity. These findings potentially can be utilized to guide development of novel functional foods and food supplements from sea-originated resources such as brown algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ying Bai
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yixin Shi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yihan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Srinivas Janaswamy
- Department of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Chenxu Yu
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China.
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Cherry P, Yadav S, Strain CR, Allsopp PJ, McSorley EM, Ross RP, Stanton C. Prebiotics from Seaweeds: An Ocean of Opportunity? Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E327. [PMID: 31159359 PMCID: PMC6627129 DOI: 10.3390/md17060327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are an underexploited and potentially sustainable crop which offer a rich source of bioactive compounds, including novel complex polysaccharides, polyphenols, fatty acids, and carotenoids. The purported efficacies of these phytochemicals have led to potential functional food and nutraceutical applications which aim to protect against cardiometabolic and inflammatory risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and some cancers. Concurrent understanding that perturbations of gut microbial composition and metabolic function manifest throughout health and disease has led to dietary strategies, such as prebiotics, which exploit the diet-host-microbe paradigm to modulate the gut microbiota, such that host health is maintained or improved. The prebiotic definition was recently updated to "a substrate that is selectively utilised by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit", which, given that previous discussion regarding seaweed prebiotics has focused upon saccharolytic fermentation, an opportunity is presented to explore how non-complex polysaccharide components from seaweeds may be metabolised by host microbial populations to benefit host health. Thus, this review provides an innovative approach to consider how the gut microbiota may utilise seaweed phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carotenoids, and provides an updated discussion regarding the catabolism of seaweed-derived complex polysaccharides with potential prebiotic activity. Additional in vitro screening studies and in vivo animal studies are needed to identify potential prebiotics from seaweeds, alongside untargeted metabolomics to decipher microbial-derived metabolites from seaweeds. Furthermore, controlled human intervention studies with health-related end points to elucidate prebiotic efficacy are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cherry
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK.
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland.
| | - Supriya Yadav
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
| | - Conall R Strain
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland.
| | - Philip J Allsopp
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Emeir M McSorley
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland.
- College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland.
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, P61 C996, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 YT20, Ireland.
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Merino JJ, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Toledano Gasca A, Cabaña-Muñoz ME. The Long-Term Algae Extract ( Chlorella and Fucus sp) and Aminosulphurate Supplementation Modulate SOD-1 Activity and Decrease Heavy Metals (Hg ++, Sn) Levels in Patients with Long-Term Dental Titanium Implants and Amalgam Fillings Restorations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8040101. [PMID: 31014007 PMCID: PMC6523211 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of heavy metals such as Hg++ is a serious risk for human health. We evaluated whether 90 days of nutritional supplementation (d90, n = 16) with Chlorella vulgaris (CV) and Fucus sp extracts in conjunction with aminosulphurate (nutraceuticals) supplementation could detox heavy metal levels in patients with long-term titanium dental implants (average: three, average: 12 years in mouth) and/or amalgam fillings (average: four, average: 15 years) compared to baseline levels (d0: before any supplementation, n = 16) and untreated controls (without dental materials) of similar age (control, n = 21). In this study, we compared levels of several heavy metals/oligoelements in these patients after 90 days (n = 16) of nutritional supplementation with CV and aminozuphrates extract with their own baseline levels (d0, n = 16) and untreated controls (n = 21); 16 patients averaging 44 age years old with long-term dental amalgams and titanium implants for at least 10 years (average: 12 years) were recruited, as well as 21 non-supplemented controls (without dental materials) of similar age. The following heavy metals were quantified in hair samples as index of chronic heavy metal exposure before and after 90 days supplementation using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and expressed as μg/g of hair (Al, Hg++, Ba, Ag, Sb, As, Be, Bi, Cd, Pb, Pt, Tl, Th, U, Ni, Sn, and Ti). We also measured several oligoelements (Ca++, Mg++, Na+, K+, Cu++, Zn++, Mn++, Cr, V, Mo, B, I, P, Se, Sr, P, Co, Fe++, Ge, Rb, and Zr). The algae and nutraceutical supplementation during 90 consecutive days decreased Hg++, Ag, Sn, and Pb at 90 days as compared to baseline levels. The mercury levels at 90 days decreased as compared with the untreated controls. The supplementation contributed to reducing heavy metal levels. There were increased lithium (Li) and germanium (Ge) levels after supplementation in patients with long-term dental titanium implants and amalgams. They also (d90) increased manganesum (Mn++), phosphorum (P), and iron (Fe++) levels as compared with their own basal levels (d0) and the untreated controls. Finally, decreased SuperOxide Dismutase-1 (SOD-1) activity (saliva) was observed after 90 days of supplementation as compared with basal levels (before any supplementation, d0), suggesting antioxidant effects. Conversely, we detected increased SOD-1 activity after 90 days as compared with untreated controls. This SOD-1 regulation could induce antioxidant effects in these patients. The long-term treatment with algae extract and aminosulphurates for 90 consecutive days decreased certain heavy metal levels (Hg++, Ag, Sn, Pb, and U) as compared with basal levels. However, Hg++ and Sn reductions were observed after 90 days as compared with untreated controls (without dental materials). The dental amalgam restoration using activated nasal filters in conjunction with long-term nutritional supplementation enhanced heavy metals removal. Finally, the long-term supplementation with these algae and aminoazuphrates was safe and non-toxic in patients. These supplements prevented certain deficits in oligoelements without affecting their Na+/K+ ratios after long-term nutraceutical supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquín Merino
- Clínica CIROM, Centro de Implantología and Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain.
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Barbosa M, Lopes G, Andrade PB, Valentão P. Bioprospecting of brown seaweeds for biotechnological applications: Phlorotannin actions in inflammation and allergy network. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Seaweed Secondary Metabolites In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Activity. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16110410. [PMID: 30373208 PMCID: PMC6266495 DOI: 10.3390/md16110410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation, finding or discovery of novel anticancer agents is very important for cancer treatment, and seaweeds are one of the largest producers of chemically active metabolites with valuable cytotoxic properties, and therefore can be used as new chemotherapeutic agents or source of inspiration to develop new ones. Identification of the more potent and selective anticancer components isolated from brown, green and red seaweeds, as well as studies of their mode of action is very attractive and constitute a small but relevant progress for pharmacological applications. Several researchers have carried out in vitro and in vivo studies in various cell lines and have disclosed the active metabolites among the terpenoids, including carotenoids, polyphenols and alkaloids that can be found in seaweeds. In this review the type of metabolites and their cytotoxic or antiproliferative effects will be discussed additionally their mode of action, structure-activity relationship and selectivity will also be revealed. The diterpene dictyolactone, the sterol cholest-5-en-3β,7α-diol and the halogenated monoterpene halomon are among the reported compounds, the ones that present sub-micromolar cytotoxicity. Additionally, one dimeric sesquiterpene of the cyclolaurane-type, three bromophenols and one halogenated monoterpene should be emphasized because they exhibit half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values between 1–5 µM against several cell lines.
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Gómez-Guzmán M, Rodríguez-Nogales A, Algieri F, Gálvez J. Potential Role of Seaweed Polyphenols in Cardiovascular-Associated Disorders. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E250. [PMID: 30060542 PMCID: PMC6117645 DOI: 10.3390/md16080250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of various polyphenols with plant origins on different cardiovascular-associated disorders, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2 and metabolic syndrome are well known. Recently, marine crude-drugs are emerging as potential treatments in many noncommunicable conditions, including those involving the cardiovascular system. Among the active compounds responsible for these activities, seaweed polyphenols seem to play a key role. The aim of the present review is to summarise the current knowledge about the beneficial effects reported for edible seaweed polyphenols in the amelioration of these prevalent conditions, focusing on both preclinical and clinical studies. This review will help to establish the basis for future studies in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gómez-Guzmán
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Francesca Algieri
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Julio Gálvez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs.GRANADA), 18071 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER-EHD, Department of Pharmacology, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Wang J, Zheng J, Huang C, Zhao J, Lin J, Zhou X, Naman CB, Wang N, Gerwick WH, Wang Q, Yan X, Cui W, He S. Eckmaxol, a Phlorotannin Extracted from Ecklonia maxima, Produces Anti-β-amyloid Oligomer Neuroprotective Effects Possibly via Directly Acting on Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1349-1356. [PMID: 29608860 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that mainly affects the elderly. Soluble β-amyloid oligomer, which can induce neurotoxicity, is generally regarded as the main neurotoxin in Alzheimer's disease. Here we report that eckmaxol, a phlorotannin extracted from the brown alga Ecklonia maxima, could produce neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y cells. Eckmaxol effectively prevented but did not rescue β-amyloid oligomer-induced neuronal apoptosis and increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Eckmaxol also significantly reversed the decreased expression of phospho-Ser9-glycogen synthase kinase 3β and increased expression of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase, which was induced by Aβ oligomer. Moreover, both glycogen synthase kinase 3β and mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitors produced neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, eckmaxol showed favorable interaction in the ATP binding site of glycogen synthase kinase 3β and mitogen activated protein kinase. These results suggested that eckmaxol might produce neuroprotective effects via concurrent inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways, possibly via directly acting on glycogen synthase kinase 3β and mitogen activated protein kinase. Based on the central role that β-amyloid oligomers play in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and the high annual production of Ecklonia maxima for alginate and other nutritional ingredients, this report represents a new candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and also expands the potential application of Ecklonia maxima and its constituents in the field of pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiachen Zheng
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chunhui Huang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiaying Zhao
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhou
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - C. Benjamin Naman
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - William H. Gerwick
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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GRP78 protects CHO cells from ribosylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:629-637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Abdelhamid A, Jouini M, Bel Haj Amor H, Mzoughi Z, Dridi M, Ben Said R, Bouraoui A. Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antinociceptive Potential of Phlorotannin-Rich Fractions from Three Mediterranean Brown Seaweeds. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:60-74. [PMID: 29344826 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phlorotannins, phenolic compounds produced exclusively by seaweeds, have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties. However, there have been few works on these compounds from Mediterranean seaweeds. In this study, we investigated the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potential of phlorotannin-rich fractions from three brown seaweeds collected along the Tunisia coast: Cystoseira sedoides (PHT-SED), Cladostephus spongeosis (PHT-CLAD), and Padina pavonica (PHT-PAD). Phytochemical determinations showed considerable differences in total phenolic content (TPC) and phlorotannin content (PHT). The highest TPC level (26.45 mg PGE/g dry material (Dm)) and PHT level (873.14 μg PGE/g Dm) were observed in C. sedoides. The antioxidant properties of these three fractions assessed by three different methods indicated that C. sedoides displayed the highest total antioxidant activity among the three species (71.30 mg GAE/g Dm), as well as the free radical scavenging activity with the lowest IC50 value in both DPPH (27.7 μg/mL) and ABTS (19.1 μg/mL) assays. Furthermore, the pharmacological screening of the anti-inflammatory potential of these fractions using in vivo models, in comparison to reference drugs, established a remarkable activity of PHT-SED at the dose of 100 mg/kg; the inhibition percentages of ear edema in mice model and paw edema in rats model were of 82.55 and 81.08%, respectively. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissues has been quantified, and PHT-SED was found to remarkably increase the lipid peroxidation in rat liver tissues. In addition, in two pain mice models, PHT-SED displayed a profound antinociceptive activity at 100 mg/kg and has proved a better analgesic activity when used in combination with the opioid drug, tramadol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Abdelhamid
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Meriem Jouini
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Natural Products and Reactivity, Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Team, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Haifa Bel Haj Amor
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zeineb Mzoughi
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Dridi
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Rafik Ben Said
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies, Salambôo, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abderrahman Bouraoui
- Laboratory of Chemical, Galenic and Pharmacological Development of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
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Barbosa M, Lopes G, Ferreres F, Andrade PB, Pereira DM, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Valentão P. Phlorotannin extracts from Fucales: Marine polyphenols as bioregulators engaged in inflammation-related mediators and enzymes. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Costa C, Tsatsakis A, Mamoulakis C, Teodoro M, Briguglio G, Caruso E, Tsoukalas D, Margina D, Dardiotis E, Kouretas D, Fenga C. Current evidence on the effect of dietary polyphenols intake on chronic diseases. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 110:286-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Szwergold B. A Hypothesis: Moderate Consumption of Alcohol Contributes to Lower Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Due to the Scavenging of Alpha-Dicarbonyls by Dietary Polyphenols. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 21:389-404. [PMID: 28891383 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The world is experiencing an epidemic of type-2-diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This has led to increased morbidity and mortality, explosive growth in health care budgets, and an even greater adverse, if indirect, impact on societies and economies of affected countries. While genetic susceptibility to T2DM is a major determinant of its prevalence, changes in lifestyles also play a role. One such change has been a transition from traditional diets characterized by low caloric and high nutrient density to calorie-rich but nutrient-poor Western diets. Given this, one solution to the epidemic of T2DM would be to abandon Western diets and revert to traditional eating patterns. However, traditional diets cannot provide enough calories for the increasing global population, so transition from traditional to Western foodstuffs appears to be irreversible. Consequently, the only practical solution to problems caused by these changes is to modify Western diets, possibly by supplementing them with functional foods containing nutrients that would compensate for these dietary deficits. I present in this study a hypothesis to explain why shifts from traditional to Western diets have been so problematic and to suggest nutrients that may counteract these adverse effects. I postulate that the components of traditional diets that may compensate for deficiencies of Westerns diets are scavengers of reactive α-dicarbonyls produced as unavoidable by-products of glucose and lipid metabolism. Most important among these scavengers are some plant secondary metabolites: polyphenols, phlorotannins, and carotenoids. They are found in alcoholic beverages and are abundant in seasonings, cocoa, coffee, tea, whole grains, pigmented vegetables, fruits, and berries.
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Antidiabetic Effects of Tea. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050849. [PMID: 28531120 PMCID: PMC6154530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disease resulted from insulin secretory defect or insulin resistance and it is a leading cause of death around the world. The care of DM patients consumes a huge budget due to the high frequency of consultations and long hospitalizations, making DM a serious threat to both human health and global economies. Tea contains abundant polyphenols and caffeine which showed antidiabetic activity, so the development of antidiabetic medications from tea and its extracts is increasingly receiving attention. However, the results claiming an association between tea consumption and reduced DM risk are inconsistent. The advances in the epidemiologic evidence and the underlying antidiabetic mechanisms of tea are reviewed in this paper. The inconsistent results and the possible causes behind them are also discussed.
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