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Kanu VR, Pulakuntla S, Kuruvalli G, Aramgam SL, Marthadu SB, Pannuru P, Hebbani AV, Desai PPD, Badri KR, Vaddi DR. Anti-atherogenic role of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in South Indian smokers. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118298. [PMID: 38714238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a popular beverage consumed all over the world due to its health benefits. Many of these beneficial effects of green tea are attributed to polyphenols, particularly catechins. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study focuses on underlying anti-platelet aggregation, anti-thrombotic, and anti-lipidemic molecular mechanisms of green tea in South Indian smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 120 South Indian male volunteers for this study to collect the blood and categorised them into four groups; control group individuals (Controls), smokers, healthy control individuals consuming green tea, and smokers consuming green tea. Smokers group subjects have been smoking an average 16-18 cigarettes per day for the last 7 years or more. The subjects (green tea consumed groups) consumed 100 mL of green tea each time, thrice a day for a one-year period. RESULTS LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of multiple phytocompounds along with catechins in green tea extract. Increased plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyls, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol with decreased HDL-cholesterol levels were observed in smokers compared to the control group and the consumption of green tea showed beneficial effect. Furthermore, docking studies revealed that natural compounds of green tea had high binding capacity with 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA) when compared to their positive controls, whereas (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-) epicatechin-gallate (ECG) had high binding capacity with sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP1c). Further, our ex vivo studies showed that green tea extract (GTE) significantly inhibited platelet aggregation and increased thrombolytic activity in a dose dependent manner. CONCLUSION In conclusion, in smokers, catechins synergistically lowered oxidative stress, platelet aggregation and modified the aberrant lipid profile. Furthermore, molecular docking studies supported green tea catechins' antihyperlipidemic efficacy through strong inhibitory activity on HMG-CoA reductase and SREBP1c. The mitigating effects of green tea on cardiovascular disease risk factors in smokers that have been reported can be attributed majorly to catechins or to their synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swetha Pulakuntla
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore), 560064, KA, India
| | - Gouthami Kuruvalli
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore), 560064, KA, India
| | - Sree Latha Aramgam
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore), 560064, KA, India; Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, GA, Atlanta, 30310, USA
| | | | - Padmavathi Pannuru
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore), 560064, KA, India
| | | | | | - Kameswara Rao Badri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, GA, Atlanta, 30310, USA; Clinical Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Clinical Research Center, Morehouse School of Medicine, GA, Atlanta, 30310, USA.
| | - Damodara Reddy Vaddi
- School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru (Bangalore), 560064, KA, India; Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, AP, India.
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Pan M, Geng W, Wang Y, Tsunoda M, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yang H, Li LS, Song S, Liang J, Song Y. Simultaneous determination of five constituents of areca nut extract in rat plasma using UPLC-MS/MS and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 245:116158. [PMID: 38643703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Areca nuts have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. Recent studies have shown that it exhibits good pharmacological activity and toxicity. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of five major components of areca nut extract in rats were investigated using a highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. Arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline, guvacine, and catechin were separated and quantified accurately using gradient elution with mobile phases of (A) water containing 0.1 % formic acid-10 mM ammonium formate, and (B) methanol. The constituents were detected under a timing switch between the positive and negative ion modes using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Each calibration curve had a high R2 value of >0.99. The method accuracies ranged -7.09-11.05 % and precision values were less than 14.36 %. The recovery, matrix effect, selectivity, stability, and carry-over of the method were in accordance with the relevant requirements. It was successfully applied for the investigation of the pharmacokinetics of these five constituents after oral administration of areca nut extract. Pharmacokinetic results indirectly indicated a metabolic relationship between the four areca nut alkaloids in rats. For further clarification of its pharmacodynamic basis, this study provided a theoretical reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Wenfeng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yuanxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Makoto Tsunoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jiatong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Yingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Haimei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Lu-Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Shiwen Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Jinqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
| | - Yanting Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Drug Screening and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
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Wang X, Liu E, Hou C, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Guo J, Li M. Effects of natural products on angiogenesis in melanoma. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106100. [PMID: 38972550 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and originates from genetic mutations in melanocytes. The disease is multifactorial, but its main cause is overexposure to UV radiation. Currently, available chemotherapy expresses little to no results, which may justify the extensive use of natural products to treat this cancer. In this study, we reviewed the inhibition of melanoma angiogenesis by natural products and its potential mechanisms using literature from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. According to summarizes 27 natural products including alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, and steroids that effectively inhibit angiogenesis in melanoma. In addition to these there are 15 crude extracts that can be used as promising agents to inhibit angiogenesis, but their core components still deserve further investigation. There are current studies on melanoma angiogenesis involving oxidative stress, immune-inflammatory response, cell proliferation and migration and capillary formation. The above natural products can be involved in melanoma angiogenesis through core targets such as VE-cadherin, COX-2, iNOS, VEGF, bFGF, FGF2,MMP2,MMP9,IL-1β,IL-6 play a role in inhibiting melanoma angiogenesis. Effective excavation of natural products can not only clarify the mechanism of drug action and key targets, but also help to promote the preclinical research of natural products for melanoma treatment and further promote the development of new clinical drugs, which will bring the gospel to the vast number of patients who are deeply afflicted by melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xurui Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - E Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Changcheng Hou
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chongqing Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chongqing Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yijia Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Mingyue Li
- Special Needs Outpatient Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Kumar Nelson V, Jha NK, Nuli MV, Gupta S, Kanna S, Gahtani RM, Hani U, Singh AK, Abomughaid MM, Abomughayedh AM, Almutary AG, Iqbal D, Al Othaim A, Begum SS, Ahmad F, Mishra PC, Jha SK, Ojha S. Unveiling the impact of aging on BBB and Alzheimer's disease: Factors and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102224. [PMID: 38346505 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative condition that has devastating effects on individuals, often resulting in dementia. AD is primarily defined by the presence of extracellular plaques containing insoluble β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). In addition, individuals afflicted by these age-related illnesses experience a diminished state of health, which places significant financial strain on their loved ones. Several risk factors play a significant role in the development of AD. These factors include genetics, diet, smoking, certain diseases (such as cerebrovascular diseases, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), age, and alcohol consumption. Age-related factors are key contributors to the development of vascular-based neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In general, the process of aging can lead to changes in the immune system's responses and can also initiate inflammation in the brain. The chronic inflammation and the inflammatory mediators found in the brain play a crucial role in the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, maintaining BBB integrity is of utmost importance in preventing a wide range of neurological disorders. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the role of age and its related factors in the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and the development of AD. We also discussed the importance of different compounds, such as those with anti-aging properties, and other compounds that can help maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier in the prevention of AD. This review builds a strong correlation between age-related factors, degradation of the BBB, and its impact on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Kanna
- Department of pharmaceutics, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chalapathi Nagar, Guntur 522034, India
| | - Reem M Gahtani
- Departement of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Abomughayedh
- Pharmacy Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Othaim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Sabarunisha Begum
- Department of Biotechnology, P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi 626140, India
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Mohammadbaghban E, Taravati A, Najafzadehvarzi H, Khaleghzadeh‐Ahangar H, Tohidi F. Oral administration of encapsulated catechin in chitosan-alginate nanoparticles improves cognitive function and neurodegeneration in an aluminum chloride-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16095. [PMID: 38946616 PMCID: PMC11215483 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of catechin-loaded Chitosan-Alginate nanoparticles (NPs) on cognitive function in an aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Catechin-loaded Chitosan-Alginate nanocarriers were synthesized through ionotropic gelation (IG) method. Physio-chemical characterization was conducted with the Zetasizer Nano system, the scanning electron microscope, and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experiments were performed over 21 days on six groups of male Wistar rats. The control group, AlCl3 treated group, Catechin group, nanocarrier group, treatment group 1 (AlCl3 + Catechin), and treatment group 2 (AlCl3 + nanocarrier). A behavioral study was done by the Morris water maze (MWM) test. In addition, the level of oxidative indices and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity was determined by standard procedures at the end of the study. AlCl3 induced a significant increase in AChE activity, along with a significant decrease in the level of Catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the hippocampus. Moreover, the significant effect of AlCl3 was observed on the behavioral parameters of the MWM test. Both forms of Catechin markedly improved AChE activity, oxidative biomarkers, spatial memory, and learning. The present study indicated that the administration of Catechin-loaded Chitosan-Alginate NPs is a beneficial therapeutic option against behavioral and chemical alteration of AD in male Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Mohammadbaghban
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Student Research CommitteeBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies (BMAT) Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Ali Taravati
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic SciencesUniversity of MazandaranBabolsarIran
| | - Hossein Najafzadehvarzi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Hossein Khaleghzadeh‐Ahangar
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | - Fatemeh Tohidi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies (BMAT) Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Cancer Research Center, Health Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
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Qin X, Li H, Zhao H, Fang L, Wang X. Enhancing healthy aging with small molecules: A mitochondrial perspective. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1904-1922. [PMID: 38483176 DOI: 10.1002/med.22034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of enhanced health during aging has prompted the exploration of various strategies focused on reducing the decline associated with the aging process. A key area of this exploration is the management of mitochondrial dysfunction, a notable characteristic of aging. This review sheds light on the crucial role that small molecules play in augmenting healthy aging, particularly through influencing mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrial oxidative damage, a significant aspect of aging, can potentially be lessened through interventions such as coenzyme Q10, alpha-lipoic acid, and a variety of antioxidants. Additionally, this review discusses approaches for enhancing mitochondrial proteostasis, emphasizing the importance of mitochondrial unfolded protein response inducers like doxycycline, and agents that affect mitophagy, such as urolithin A, spermidine, trehalose, and taurine, which are vital for sustaining protein quality control. Of equal importance are methods for modulating mitochondrial energy production, which involve nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide boosters, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase activators, and compounds like metformin and mitochondria-targeted tamoxifen that enhance metabolic function. Furthermore, the review delves into emerging strategies that encourage mitochondrial biogenesis. Together, these interventions present a promising avenue for addressing age-related mitochondrial degradation, thereby setting the stage for the development of innovative treatment approaches to meet this extensive challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujiao Qin
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Le Fang
- Department of Neurology, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fatnani D, Parida AK. Unravelling the halophyte Suaeda maritima as an efficient candidate for phytostabilization of cadmium and lead: Implications from physiological, ionomic, and metabolomic responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108770. [PMID: 38823092 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are among the most toxic heavy metals affecting human health and crop yield. Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort is an obligate halophyte that is well adapted to saline soil. The inbuilt salinity tolerance mechanisms of halophytes help them to survive in heavy metal-contaminated rhizospheric soil. In the present study, growth and ionomic responses, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, modulations of phytochelatins, antioxidative defense, and metabolomic responses were studied in S. maritima imposed to Cd and Pb stresses with an aim to elucidate Cd and Pb tolerance mechanisms and phytoremediation potential of this halophyte. Our results showed a reduction of biomass in S. maritima, which may serve as an energy conservation strategy for survival under heavy metal stress. The increased accumulation of ROS with concomitant higher expression of various antioxidative enzymes suggests the efficient scavenging of ROS. The metabolite profiling revealed significant up-regulation of sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, polyphenols, and organic acids under Cd and Pb stresses suggesting their possible role in osmotic balance, ionic homeostasis, ROS scavenging, and signal transduction for stress tolerance. In S. maritima, the translocation factors (Tf) are <1 in both Cd and Pb treatments, which indicates that this halophyte has high phytostabilization potential for Cd and Pb in roots and through restricted translocation of heavy metal ions to the aboveground part. The findings of this study offer comprehensive information on Cd and Pb tolerance mechanisms in S. maritima and suggest that this halophyte can detoxify the HMs through physiological, ionic, antioxidative, and metabolic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhara Fatnani
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Asish Kumar Parida
- Plant Omics Division, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Zhao D, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Li B, Zhou W, Wang L. Highly Accurate and Explainable Predictions of Small-Molecule Antioxidants for Eight In Vitro Assays Simultaneously through an Alternating Multitask Learning Strategy. J Chem Inf Model 2024. [PMID: 38888465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule antioxidants can inhibit or retard oxidation reactions and protect against free radical damage to cells, thus playing a key role in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, the environment, as well as materials. Experimentally driven antioxidant discovery is a major paradigm, and computationally assisted antioxidants are rarely reported. In this study, a functional-group-based alternating multitask self-supervised molecular representation learning method is proposed to simultaneously predict the antioxidant activities of small molecules for eight commonly used in vitro antioxidant assays. Extensive evaluation results reveal that compared with the baseline models, the multitask FG-BERT model achieves the best overall predictive performance, with the highest average F1, BA, ROC-AUC, and PRC-AUC values of 0.860, 0.880, 0.954, and 0.937 for the test sets, respectively. The Y-scrambling testing results further demonstrate that such a deep learning model was not constructed by accident and that it has reliable predictive capabilities. Additionally, the excellent interpretability of the multitask FG-BERT model makes it easy to identify key structural fragments/groups that contribute significantly to the antioxidant effect of a given molecule. Finally, an online antioxidant activity prediction platform called AOP (freely available at https://aop.idruglab.cn/) and its local version were developed based on the high-quality multitask FG-BERT model for experts and nonexperts in the field. We anticipate that it will contribute to the discovery of novel small-molecule antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duancheng Zhao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yihao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Biaoshun Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- Central Laboratory of The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Synthetic Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Michalak M, Stryjecka M, Zagórska-Dziok M, Żarnowiec P. Biological Activity of Horehound ( Marrubium vulgare L.) Herb Grown in Poland and Its Phytochemical Composition. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:780. [PMID: 38931446 PMCID: PMC11206634 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is a plant which has long been known and used in traditional medicine for various purposes. However, few recent studies have documented its chemical composition and biological properties. The present study investigated the phytochemical composition of horehound, as well as its protective, antioxidant, and antimicrobial potential. GC-MS analysis revealed that the major components of horehound essential oil are E-caryophyllene (35.7%), germacrene D (25.2%), and bicyclogermacrene (10.6%). The biological activity of horehound hydroethanolic herb extract derives from multiple chemical compounds, including polyphenols (55.72 mg/mL), flavonoids (11.01 mg/mL), phenolic acids (4.33 mg/mL), and tannins (4.46 mg/mL). Chromatographic analyses of the extract identified 12 phenolic compounds, of which ferulic acid, catechin, quercetin, protocatechuic acid, rutin, and syringic acid (35.42, 24.69, 20.65, 18.70, 14.46, and 12.69 mg/mL, respectively) were the main constituents. Its DPPH radical scavenging ability was 68.29%, while its antioxidant properties, determined by the FRAP method, were at the level of 1.22 mmol/L. Moreover, M. vulgare extract decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species in the fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro, achieving the strongest antioxidant effect at a concentration of 2.5% in the case of both types of skin cells. Extracts from the horehound herb showed significant antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity, confirming the plant's potential in therapeutic applications against various microbial pathogens (gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi). The research results demonstrate the protective effect of horehound extract on the viability of both fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro. To sum up, M. vulgare, as a valuable natural material with high preventive and therapeutic effectiveness, is a potential candidate for new applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Michalak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19, 35-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stryjecka
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, State School of Higher Education in Chełm, Pocztowa 54, 22-100 Chełm, Poland;
| | - Martyna Zagórska-Dziok
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Paulina Żarnowiec
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
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10
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Golubnitschaja O, Kapinova A, Sargheini N, Bojkova B, Kapalla M, Heinrich L, Gkika E, Kubatka P. Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. EPMA J 2024; 15:163-205. [PMID: 38841620 PMCID: PMC11148002 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite their subordination in humans, to a great extent, mitochondria maintain their independent status but tightly cooperate with the "host" on protecting the joint life quality and minimizing health risks. Under oxidative stress conditions, healthy mitochondria promptly increase mitophagy level to remove damaged "fellows" rejuvenating the mitochondrial population and sending fragments of mtDNA as SOS signals to all systems in the human body. As long as metabolic pathways are under systemic control and well-concerted together, adaptive mechanisms become triggered increasing systemic protection, activating antioxidant defense and repair machinery. Contextually, all attributes of mitochondrial patho-/physiology are instrumental for predictive medical approach and cost-effective treatments tailored to individualized patient profiles in primary (to protect vulnerable individuals again the health-to-disease transition) and secondary (to protect affected individuals again disease progression) care. Nutraceuticals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds demonstrating health-promoting, illness-preventing, and other health-related benefits. Keeping in mind health-promoting properties of nutraceuticals along with their great therapeutic potential and safety profile, there is a permanently growing demand on the application of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals. Application of nutraceuticals is beneficial only if meeting needs at individual level. Therefore, health risk assessment and creation of individualized patient profiles are of pivotal importance followed by adapted nutraceutical sets meeting individual needs. Based on the scientific evidence available for mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals, this article presents examples of frequent medical conditions, which require protective measures targeted on mitochondria as a holistic approach following advanced concepts of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) in primary and secondary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Kapinova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nafiseh Sargheini
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-Von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bianka Bojkova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marko Kapalla
- Negentropic Systems, Ružomberok, Slovakia
- PPPM Centre, s.r.o., Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Luisa Heinrich
- Institute of General Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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11
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Cipollone MA, Fontana A, Fillería SG, Tironi VA. Characterization, Bioaccesibility and Antioxidant Activities of Phenolic Compounds Recovered from Yellow pea (Pisum sativum) Flour and Protein Isolate. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:401-409. [PMID: 38602652 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This study focused on studying the bioaccesible phenolic compounds (PCs) from yellow pea flour (F) and protein isolate (I). Total phenolic contents (TPC), PCs composition and antioxidant activities were analysed in ethanol 60% extracts obtained by applying ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE, 15 min/40% amplitude). The preparation of I under alkaline conditions and the elimination of some soluble components at lower pH produced a change of PCs profile and antioxidant activity. After simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) of both ingredients to obtain the digests FD and ID, notable changes in the PCs concentration and profiles could be demonstrated. FD presented a higher ORAC activity than ID (IC50 = 0.022 and 0.039 mg GAE/g dm, respectively), but lower ABTS•+ activity (IC50 = 0.8 and 0.3 mg GAE/g dm, respectively). After treatment with cholestyramine of extracts from FD and ID in order to eliminate bile salts and obtain the bioaccesible fractions FDb and IDb, ROS scavenging in H2O2-induced Caco2-TC7 cells was evaluated, registering a greater activity for ID respect to FD (IC50 = 0.042 and 0.017 mg GAE/mL, respectively). These activities could be attributed to the major bioaccesible PCs: OH-tyrosol, polydatin, trans-resveratrol, rutin, (-)-epicatechin and (-)-gallocatechin gallate for FD; syringic (the most concentrated) and ellagic acids, trans-resveratrol, and (-)-gallocatechin gallate for ID, but probably other compounds such as peptides or amino acids can also contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Agustina Cipollone
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Proteínas Alimentarias (LIDiPA), Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA) - (CONICET, CICPBA, UNLP, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Ariel Fontana
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM) (CONICET, FCA, UNCUYO), Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Susan García Fillería
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Proteínas Alimentarias (LIDiPA), Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA) - (CONICET, CICPBA, UNLP, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Valeria A Tironi
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Proteínas Alimentarias (LIDiPA), Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA) - (CONICET, CICPBA, UNLP, La Plata, 1900, Argentina.
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12
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Ding P, Yue W, Wang X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Guo X. Effects of sugary drinks, coffee, tea and fruit juice on incidence rate, mortality and cardiovascular complications of type2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:1113-1123. [PMID: 38932853 PMCID: PMC11196440 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims Despite more and more studies indicate that beverages play an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), the efficacy of intaking different beverages for T2DM has not been clearly stated in one article. The meta-analysis was performed, which aims to assess the effects of beverages on mortality and cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and the incidence of T2DM. Method PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were search up to March, 2023 to identify relevant studies, including studies researching beverage consumption, the incidence and mortality of T2DM and incidence of cardiovascular disease, a kind of complication of T2DM. The way to explore the source of heterogeneity is performing subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were performed to assess publication bias. The Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to analysis the results. Fifteen observational studies were included in our meta-analysis. Results Fifteen eligible articles were included sugar-sweetened beverages(SSB) consumption increased the mortality and incidence of T2DM ( Hazard ratio (HR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.38; P = 0.01 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.06-1.24; P = 0.001), respectively. Artificially-sweetened beverages (ASB) consumption was not associated with the mortality and incidence of T2DM (HR,0.96;95%CI, 0.86-1.07; P = 0.464 and HR, 1.15; 95% CI,1.05-1.26; P = 0.003), respectively. Fruit juice consumption increased the incidence of T2DM (HR,1.08;95%CI,1.02-1.14, P = 0.296).Tea or coffee consumption can reduce the incidence of T2DM (HR, 0.89; 95%CI,0.81-0.98; P = 0.016). Tea or coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of mortality of T2DM (HR,0.84; 95% Cl, 0.75-0.94; P = 0.002 and HR,0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.87; P < 0.001), respectively. Additionally, beverage consumption was not associated with cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients (HR,1.03; 95% Cl, 0.82-1.30, P > 0.05). Conclusions High consumption of SSBs led to a higher risk and mortality of T2DM, while high consumption of coffee or tea showed significant associations with a lower risk of the incidence and mortality of T2DM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01396-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 988 hospital of The PLA Joint Logistic Support Force (PLAJLSF), Zhengzhou, 450000 China
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13
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Kaur P, Darwish AG, El-Sharkawy I, Singh A, Subramanian J. Comparative Antioxidant Activity and Untargeted Metabolomic Analyses of Sour Cherry Cultivars Based on Ultra-Performance-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1511. [PMID: 38891319 PMCID: PMC11175011 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted for the comparative analysis of antioxidant activity and untargeted metabolomics of dark- and light-colored sour cherry cultivars grown in Canada. Based on our previous study, we selected four cultivars-'Heimann R', 'Gorsemska', V70142, and 'Montmorency'-to determine the untargeted metabolites and their role in antioxidant activities. A total of 473 metabolites were identified from four sour cherry genotypes using UPLC-ToF-MS. Untargeted metabolomics revealed the dominant chemical groups present in sour cherries. PCA showed that the diversity in sour cherry metabolites was due to the genotype differences indicating iditol, malic acid, chlorobenzene, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, and pyroglutamic acid as the predominant contributors. The variable importance in the projection (VIP > 1.0) in partial least-squares-discriminant analysis described 20 biomarker metabolites representing the cherry metabolome profiles. A heatmap of Pearson's correlation analysis between the 20 biomarker metabolites and antioxidant activities identified seven antioxidant determinants that displayed the highest correlations with different types of antioxidant activities. TPC and TAC were evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total antioxidant activity was performed using three different assays (ABTS, FRAP, and DPPH). This study of correlating metabolomics and antioxidant activities elucidated that the higher nutritional value and biological functions of sour cherry genotypes can be useful for the development of nutraceutical and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjot Kaur
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (P.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Ahmed G. Darwish
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (A.G.D.); (I.E.-S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Islam El-Sharkawy
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA; (A.G.D.); (I.E.-S.)
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (P.K.); (A.S.)
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14
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Cannas C, Lostia G, Serra PA, Peana AT, Migheli R. Food and Food Waste Antioxidants: Could They Be a Potent Defence against Parkinson's Disease? Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:645. [PMID: 38929084 PMCID: PMC11200518 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous antioxidants, plays an important role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's. The human brain is vulnerable to oxidative stress because of the high rate of oxygen that it needs and the high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are substrates of lipid peroxidation. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidation and reduce oxidative stress, preventing cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, in the literature, it is reported that antioxidants, due to their possible neuroprotective activity, may offer an interesting option for better symptom management, even Parkinson's disease (PD). Natural antioxidants are usually found in several foods, such as fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, and oil, and in food wastes, such as seeds, peels, leaves, and skin. They can help the system of endogenous antioxidants, protect or repair cellular components from oxidative stress, and even halt lipid, protein, and DNA damage to neurons. This review will examine the extent of knowledge from the last ten years, about the neuroprotective potential effect of natural antioxidants present in food and food by-products, in in vivo and in vitro PD models. Additionally, this study will demonstrate that the pool of dietary antioxidants may be an important tool in the prevention of PD and an opportunity for cost savings in the public health area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rossana Migheli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100 Sassari, Italy (A.T.P.)
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Sun L, Yin H, Li YT, Qiao YX, Wang J, He QY, Xiao ZW, Kuai L, Xiang YW. Shengjihuayu formula ameliorates the oxidative injury in human keratinocytes via blocking JNK/c-Jun/MMPs signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117938. [PMID: 38395178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The reactive oxygen species (ROS) surge in the chronic wound tissue of diabetic ulcers (DUs) aggravates the inflammatory response. The oxidative stress state during inflammation will exacerbate inflammation and cause tissue damage, resulting in prolonged wound healing. Shengjihuayu Formula (SJHYF) is a renowned Chinese medicine prescription for treating chronic wounds in diabetic ulcers. Growing clinical evidence has demonstrated that SJHYF exhibits superior therapeutic efficacy and has a favorable safety profile. However, the underlying mechanisms by which SJHYF ameliorates oxidative damage under pathological conditions of DUs remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the cytoprotective properties of SJHYF on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell damage in human HaCaT keratinocytes and to explore its potential targets and molecular pathways in treating DUs using RNA-seq. METHODS HaCaT cells were incubated with H2O2 for 24 h to construct an oxidative stress cell model. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using the MTT and EdU assays, respectively. Cell migration was assessed using the scratch assay, and the fluorescence intensity of ROS was measured using the DCFH-DA probe. The chemical components of SJHYF were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, while the therapeutic effects of SJHYF on H2O2-induced HaCaT cells were analyzed using RNA-Seq. The potential target genes were validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). At the same time, the pathway phenotype expression of SJHYF on the protection of H2O2-induced HaCaT cells was explored using Western Blot. RESULTS The application of SJHY at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL promoted cell proliferation, cell migration, and reduced ROS production. In addition, SJHYF was detected to have a total of 93 active compounds, including key components such as Galloyl-beta-D-glucose, Danshensu, Procyanidin B2, Catechin, and Alkannin. The RNA-seq analysis identified several core targets namely KRT17, TGM1, JUNB, PRDX5, TXNIP, PRDX1, HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HSPA8, and TNF-α. Western blot revealed the presence of the JNK/c-Jun/MMPs pathway and its related transcription factors. CONCLUSION SJHYF displays significant protective effects on H2O2-induced oxidative cell damage in HaCaT cells via blocking the JNK/c-Jun/MMPs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Institute of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yi He
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Xiao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Wei Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Dang J, Zhang G, Li J, He L, Ding Y, Cai J, Cheng G, Yang Y, Liu Z, Fan J, Du L, Liu K. Neem Leaf Extract Exhibits Anti-Aging and Antioxidant Effects from Yeast to Human Cells. Nutrients 2024; 16:1506. [PMID: 38794743 PMCID: PMC11124485 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neem leaves have long been used in traditional medicine for promoting longevity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying their anti-aging effects remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the impact of neem leaf extract (NLE) extracted from a 50% ethanol solution on the chronological lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, revealing an extension in lifespan, heightened oxidative stress resistance, and a reduction in reactive oxygen species. To discern the active compounds in NLE, LC/MS and the GNPS platform were employed. The majority of identified active compounds were found to be flavonoids. Subsequently, compound-target pharmacological networks were constructed using the STP and STITCH platforms for both S. cerevisiae and Homo sapiens. GOMF and KEGG enrichment analyses of the predicted targets revealed that "oxidoreductase activity" was among the top enriched terms in both yeast and human cells. These suggested a potential regulation of oxidative stress response (OSR) by NLE. RNA-seq analysis of NLE-treated yeast corroborated the anti-oxidative effect, with "oxidoreductase activity" and "oxidation-reduction process" ranking high in enriched GO terms. Notably, CTT1, encoding catalase, emerged as the most significantly up-regulated gene within the "oxidoreductase activity" cluster. In a ctt1 null mutant, the enhanced oxidative stress resistance and extended lifespan induced by NLE were nullified. For human cells, NLE pretreatment demonstrated a decrease in reactive oxygen species levels and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in HeLa cells, indicative of anti-aging and anti-oxidative effects. This study unveils the anti-aging and anti-oxidative properties of NLE while delving into their mechanisms, providing novel insights for pharmacological interventions in aging using phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Dang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gongrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Libo He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiaxiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Guohua Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhiyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Linfang Du
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Ong CB, Annuar MSM. Potentialities of Tannase-Treated Green Tea Extract in Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04946-y. [PMID: 38713339 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Green tea has garnered widespread interest in the past decades due to its content of health-beneficial polyphenols and catechins, besides reportedly exhibiting activities for the prevention, and possibly treatment, of many modern-life-associated afflictions. Hence, the functional food potential of health-beneficial beverages such as green tea is widely and commercially promoted. Biotransformation of green tea extract using enzymes such as tannase ostensibly enhances its beneficial well-being properties and disease-preventing functionalities. The tannase-treated green tea catechins may exhibit enhanced, amongst others, antioxidant, anti-tumour, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-sarcopenia properties compared to native green tea extract. Nonetheless, the health benefits and therapeutic and toxicological effects associated with these compounds, before and after tannase treatment, present a scientific gap for detailed studies. Accordingly, the review surveys the literature from the late twentieth century until the year 2023 related to the aforementioned important aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Boon Ong
- School of Science and Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Science, International University of Malaya-Wales, 50480, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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18
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Yamaguchi T, Ishikawa H, Fukuda M, Sugita Y, Furuie M, Nagano R, Suzawa T, Yamamoto K, Wakamatsu K. Catechins prevent monoclonal antibody fragmentation during production via fed-batch culture of Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3447. [PMID: 38415979 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are widely used for the industrial production of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). To meet the increasing market demands, high productivity, and quality are required in cell culture. One of the critical attributes of mAbs, from a safety perspective, is mAb fragmentation. However, methods for preventing mAbs fragmentation in CHO cell culture are limited. In this study, we observed that the antibody fragment content increased with increasing titers in fed-batch cultures for all three cell lines expressing recombinant antibodies. Adding copper sulfate to the culture medium further increased the fragment content, suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the fragmentation process. Though antioxidants may be helpful to scavenge ROS, several antioxidants are reported to decrease the productivity of CHO cells. Among the antioxidants examined, we observed that the addition of catechin or (-)-epigallocatechin gallate to the culture medium prevented fragmentation content by about 20% and increased viable cell density and titer by 30% and 10%, respectively. Thus, the addition of catechins or compounds of equivalent function would be beneficial for manufacturing therapeutic mAbs with a balance between high titers and good quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ishikawa
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mie Fukuda
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yumi Sugita
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Misaki Furuie
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ryuma Nagano
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kaori Wakamatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
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Huang D, Su Y, Li M, Xie C, Hu W, Wang S, Zheng N, Chen J, Lin Y, Cai W, Xiao J, Chen B, Hu N, Zhou F. (-)-Epicatechin gallate ameliorates cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental defects through inhibiting aryl hydrocarbon receptor in zebrafish. Birth Defects Res 2024; 116:e2350. [PMID: 38761027 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyprodinil is a widely used fungicide with broad-spectrum activity, but it has been associated with cardiac abnormalities. (-)-Epicatechin gallate (ECG), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been shown to possess protective properties in cardiac development. METHODS In this study, we investigated whether ECG could mitigate cyprodinil-induced heart defects using zebrafish embryos as a model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to cyprodinil with or without ECG. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that ECG significantly improved the survival rate, embryo movement, and hatching delay induced by cyprodinil. Furthermore, ECG effectively ameliorated cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, including pericardial anomaly and impairment of cardiac function. Mechanistically, ECG attenuated the cyprodinil-induced alterations in mRNA expression related to cardiac development, such as amhc, vmhc, tbx5, and gata4, as well as calcium ion channels, such as ncx1h, atp2a2a, and cdh2. Additionally, ECG was found to inhibit the activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways induced by cyprodinil. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our findings provide evidence for the protective effects of ECG against cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, mediated through the inhibition of AhR activity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and safe utilization of pesticide, such as cyprodinil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Huang
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchao Su
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingmei Li
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengwei Xie
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Hu
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanmei Zheng
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyun Lin
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weize Cai
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjia Xiao
- Neonatology, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojia Chen
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanping Hu
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fushan Zhou
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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Araujo-León JA, Sánchez-del Pino I, Ortiz-Andrade R, Hidalgo-Figueroa S, Carrera-Lanestosa A, Brito-Argáez LG, González-Sánchez A, Giácoman-Vallejos G, Hernández-Abreu O, Peraza-Sánchez SR, Xingú-López A, Aguilar-Hernández V. HPLC-Based Metabolomic Analysis and Characterization of Amaranthus cruentus Leaf and Inflorescence Extracts for Their Antidiabetic and Antihypertensive Potential. Molecules 2024; 29:2003. [PMID: 38731493 PMCID: PMC11085149 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Amaranthus cruentus flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, catechin, hesperetin, naringenin, hesperidin, and naringin), cinnamic acid derivatives (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid), and benzoic acids (vanillic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid) as antioxidants, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive agents. An analytical method for simultaneous quantification of flavonoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, and benzoic acids for metabolomic analysis of leaves and inflorescences from A. cruentus was developed with HPLC-UV-DAD. Evaluation of linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision, and recovery was used to validate the analytical method developed. Maximum total flavonoids contents (5.2 mg/g of lyophilized material) and cinnamic acid derivatives contents (0.6 mg/g of lyophilized material) were found in leaves. Using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the maximum total betacyanin contents (74.4 mg/g of lyophilized material) and betaxanthin contents (31 mg/g of lyophilized material) were found in inflorescences. The leaf extract showed the highest activity in removing DPPH radicals. In vitro antidiabetic activity of extracts was performed with pancreatic α-glucosidase and intestinal α-amylase, and compared to acarbose. Both extracts exhibited a reduction in enzyme activity from 57 to 74%. Furthermore, the in vivo tests on normoglycemic murine models showed improved glucose homeostasis after sucrose load, which was significantly different from the control. In vitro antihypertensive activity of extracts was performed with angiotensin-converting enzyme and contrasted to captopril; both extracts exhibited a reduction of enzyme activity from 53 to 58%. The leaf extract induced a 45% relaxation in an ex vivo aorta model. In the molecular docking analysis, isoamaranthin and isogomphrenin-I showed predictive binding affinity for α-glucosidases (human maltase-glucoamylase and human sucrase-isomaltase), while catechin displayed binding affinity for human angiotensin-converting enzyme. The data from this study highlights the potential of A. cruentus as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alfredo Araujo-León
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (J.A.A.-L.); (L.G.B.-A.)
| | - Ivonne Sánchez-del Pino
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Rolffy Ortiz-Andrade
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Mérida 97069, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa
- CONAHCyT-División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico;
| | - Areli Carrera-Lanestosa
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, Mexico;
| | - Ligia Guadalupe Brito-Argáez
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (J.A.A.-L.); (L.G.B.-A.)
| | - Avel González-Sánchez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico; (A.G.-S.); (G.G.-V.)
| | - Germán Giácoman-Vallejos
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Mérida 97203, Yucatán, Mexico; (A.G.-S.); (G.G.-V.)
| | - Oswaldo Hernández-Abreu
- Centro de Investigación de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicada de Tabasco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), Cunduacán 86690, Tabasco, Mexico;
| | - Sergio R. Peraza-Sánchez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (S.R.P.-S.); (A.X.-L.)
| | - Andrés Xingú-López
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (S.R.P.-S.); (A.X.-L.)
| | - Víctor Aguilar-Hernández
- Unidad de Biología Integrativa, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida 97205, Yucatán, Mexico; (J.A.A.-L.); (L.G.B.-A.)
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21
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Asbaghi O, Rezaei Kelishadi M, Larky DA, Bagheri R, Amirani N, Goudarzi K, Kargar F, Ghanavati M, Zamani M. The effects of green tea extract supplementation on body composition, obesity-related hormones and oxidative stress markers: a grade-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1125-1157. [PMID: 38031409 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452300260x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Research indicates that green tea extract (GTE) supplementation is beneficial for a range of conditions, including several forms of cancer, CVD and liver diseases; nevertheless, the existing evidence addressing its effects on body composition, oxidative stress and obesity-related hormones is inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of GTE supplementation on body composition (body mass (BM), body fat percentage (BFP), fat mass (FM), BMI, waist circumference (WC)), obesity-related hormones (leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) markers. We searched proper databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science, up to July 2022 to recognise published randomised controlled trials (RCT) that investigated the effects of GTE supplementation on the markers mentioned above. A random effects model was used to carry out a meta-analysis. The heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using the I2 index. Among the initial 11 286 studies identified from an electronic database search, fifty-nine studies involving 3802 participants were eligible to be included in this meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes indicated that BM, BFP, BMI and MDA significantly reduced following GTE supplementation. In addition, GTE supplementation increased adiponectin and TAC, with no effects on FM, leptin and ghrelin. Certainty of evidence across outcomes ranged from low to high. Our results suggest that GTE supplementation can attenuate oxidative stress, BM, BMI and BFP, which are thought to negatively affect human health. Moreover, GTE as a nutraceutical dietary supplement can increase TAC and adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Niusha Amirani
- Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Alborz, Iran
| | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kargar
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, P.O.19395-4741, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Wu S, Hu H, Li Y, Ren Y. Exploring hub genes and crucial pathways linked to oxidative stress in bipolar disorder depressive episodes through bioinformatics analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1323527. [PMID: 38510807 PMCID: PMC10950934 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1323527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex and serious psychiatric condition primarily characterized by bipolar depression, with the underlying genetic determinants yet to be elucidated. There is a substantial body of literature linking psychiatric disorders, including BD, to oxidative stress (OS). Consequently, this study aims to assess the relationship between BD and OS by identifying key hub genes implicated in OS pathways. Methods We acquired gene microarray data from GSE5392 through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Our approach encompassed differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Network analysis to pinpoint hub genes associated with BD. Subsequently, we utilized Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify hub genes relevant to OS. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these hub genes, we performed receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis on both GSE5388 and GSE5389 datasets. Furthermore, we conducted a study involving ten BD patients and ten healthy controls (HCs) who met the special criteria, assessing the expression levels of these hub genes in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results We identified 411 down-regulated genes and 69 up-regulated genes for further scrutiny. Through WGCNA, we obtained 22 co-expression modules, with the sienna3 module displaying the strongest association with BD. By integrating differential analysis with genes linked to OS, we identified 44 common genes. Subsequent PPI Network and WGCNA analyses confirmed three hub genes as potential biomarkers for BD. Functional enrichment pathway analysis revealed their involvement in neuronal signal transduction, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolic obstacle pathways. Using the Cytoscape plugin "ClueGo assay," we determined that a majority of these targets regulate neuronal synaptic plasticity. ROC curve analysis underscored the excellent diagnostic value of these three hub genes. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated significant changes in the expression of these hub genes in the PBMCs of BD patients compared to HCs. Conclusion We identified three hub genes (TAC1, MAP2K1, and MAP2K4) in BD associated with OS, potentially influencing the diagnosis and treatment of BD. Based on the GEO database, our study provides novel insights into the relationship between BD and OS, offering promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Delaiti S, Nardin T, Roman T, Pedò S, Larcher R. Evaluating the Atypical Aging Potential Development in Sparkling Wines Can Be Achieved by Assessing the Base Wines at the End of the Alcoholic Fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4918-4927. [PMID: 38394368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Traditional sparkling wine production is a lengthy and costly process, involving a double fermentation step and a period of aging sur lie; thus, monitoring quality during the key manufacturing stages is crucial. The effects of the second fermentation on the development of 2-aminoacetophenone (AAP), the main marker of the atypical aging (ATA) defect, were investigated on 55 base wines (BWs) and corresponding sparkling wines (SWs) produced in an experimental winery. While the AAP content of the SWs was observed to be higher than the BWs, it was found that an artificial aging test carried out on the BWs could be a good predictor of ATA development in SWs. Further, the antioxidant capacity of the SWs was noticed to correlate well with the potential AAP formed during accelerated aging. Finally, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model of linearization capable of predicting AAP formation in SWs using the data obtained from the corresponding BWs was created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Delaiti
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Nardin
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Tomas Roman
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Pedò
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Roberto Larcher
- Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
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24
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Pasri P, Rakngam S, Gérard N, Mermillod P, Khempaka S. Synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants improve productive performance, antioxidant activity, gene expression, and offspring quality in breeder hens subjected to heat stress. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103390. [PMID: 38194833 PMCID: PMC10792647 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a synthetic source (a combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, and L-carnitine) and phytogenic sources (a combination of clove, green tea pomace, and Vietnamese coriander) in overcoming heat stress (HS) damage in female breeder hens on production, blood chemistry, sperm survival in the oviduct, antioxidant properties, gene expression, and quality of offspring. One hundred SUT female breeder hens were housed in individual cages and divided into 4 treatment groups: T1) basal diets in the thermoneutral (TN) zone; T2) basal diets under HS; 3) basal diets with synthetic antioxidants under HS; and T4) basal diets with phytochemical antioxidants under HS. The result revealed that HS condition had a negative effect on reducing final body weight, egg weight, and 1-day-old chick weight while increasing water intake and FCR and altered blood chemicals in breeder hens compared to TN breeder hens (P < 0.05). However, either synthetic or phytogenic antioxidants resulted in increased egg production and hatchability, while decreasing the number of late stages of embryo death during the incubation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the synthetic antioxidants also improved the uniformity of chicks and reduced late-stage embryo death compared with phytogenic antioxidants (P < 0.05). HS breeder hens fed with either of the antioxidant sources exhibited higher antioxidant capacity in terms of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging (in yolk, liver, and breast meat) and FRAP radical scavenging (in yolk and liver) and lower liver malondialdehyde than HS breeder hens fed with the control diet (P < 0.05). Additionally, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) in the liver was upregulated, whereas the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor-κB) and heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) was downregulated in breeder hens that received both antioxidant sources (P < 0.05). Future investigations should focus on the potential for combinations of synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants in diets for HS breeder hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phocharapon Pasri
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sitthipong Rakngam
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nadine Gérard
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- UMR de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, National Research Institute for Agronomy and Environment (INRAe), 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Sutisa Khempaka
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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25
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Guarnieri L, Bosco F, Leo A, Citraro R, Palma E, De Sarro G, Mollace V. Impact of micronutrients and nutraceuticals on cognitive function and performance in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102210. [PMID: 38296163 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major global health problem today and is the most common form of dementia. AD is characterized by the formation of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary clusters, leading to decreased brain acetylcholine levels in the brain. Another mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of AD is the abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein that accumulates at the level of neurofibrillary aggregates, and the areas most affected by this pathological process are usually the cholinergic neurons in cortical, subcortical, and hippocampal areas. These effects result in decreased cognitive function, brain atrophy, and neuronal death. Malnutrition and weight loss are the most frequent manifestations of AD, and these are also associated with greater cognitive decline. Several studies have confirmed that a balanced low-calorie diet and proper nutritional intake may be considered important factors in counteracting or slowing the progression of AD, whereas a high-fat or hypercholesterolemic diet predisposes to an increased risk of developing AD. Especially, fruits, vegetables, antioxidants, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and micronutrients supplementation exert positive effects on aging-related changes in the brain due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and radical scavenging properties. The purpose of this review is to summarize some possible nutritional factors that may contribute to the progression or prevention of AD, understand the role that nutrition plays in the formation of Aβ plaques typical of this neurodegenerative disease, to identify some potential therapeutic strategies that may involve some natural compounds, in delaying the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Guarnieri
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Antonio Leo
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rita Citraro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Section of Pharmacology, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Włodarczyk M, Ciebiera M, Nowicka G, Łoziński T, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Epigallocatechin Gallate for the Treatment of Benign and Malignant Gynecological Diseases-Focus on Epigenetic Mechanisms. Nutrients 2024; 16:559. [PMID: 38398883 PMCID: PMC10893337 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The most common malignant gynecologic diseases are cervical, uterine, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancer. Among them, ovarian cancer causes more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. A great number of women suffer from endometriosis, uterine fibroids (UFs), adenomyosis, dysmenorrhea, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which are widespread benign health problems causing troublesome and painful symptoms and significantly impairing the quality of life of affected women, and they are some of the main causes of infertility. In addition to the available surgical and pharmacological options, the effects of supporting standard treatment with naturally occurring compounds, mainly polyphenols, are being studied. Catechins are responsible for the majority of potential health benefits attributed to green tea consumption. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is considered a non-toxic, natural compound with potential anticancer properties. Antioxidant action is its most common function, but attention is also drawn to its participation in cell division inhibition, apoptosis stimulation and epigenetic regulation. In this narrative review, we describe the role of EGCG consumption in preventing the development of benign reproductive disorders such as UF, endometriosis, and PCOS, as well as malignant gynecologic conditions. We discuss possible epigenetic mechanisms that may be related to the action of EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland;
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
- Development and Research Center of Non-Invasive Therapies, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Łoziński
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (M.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (M.A.); (A.A.-H.)
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27
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Santa K, Kumazawa Y, Watanabe K, Nagaoka I. The Potential Use of Vitamin D3 and Phytochemicals for Their Anti-Ageing Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2125. [PMID: 38396804 PMCID: PMC10889119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Unlike other vitamins, vitamin D3 is synthesised in skin cells in the body. Vitamin D3 has been known as a bone-related hormone. Recently, however, it has been considered as an immune vitamin. Vitamin D3 deficiency influences the onset of a variety of diseases. Vitamin D3 regulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through binding to vitamin D receptors (VDRs) in immune cells. Since blood levels of vitamin D3 (25-OH-D3) were low in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, there has been growing interest in the importance of vitamin D3 to maintaining a healthy condition. On the other hand, phytochemicals are compounds derived from plants with over 7000 varieties and have various biological activities. They mainly have health-promoting effects and are classified as terpenoids, carotenoids, flavonoids, etc. Flavonoids are known as the anti-inflammatory compounds that control TNF-α production. Chronic inflammation is induced by the continuous production of TNF-α and is the fundamental cause of diseases like obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, heart and brain diseases, autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. In addition, the ageing process is induced by chronic inflammation. This review explains the cooperative effects of vitamin D3 and phytochemicals in the suppression of inflammatory responses, how it balances the natural immune response, and its link to anti-ageing effects. In addition, vitamin D3 and phytochemicals synergistically contribute to anti-ageing by working with ageing-related genes. Furthermore, prevention of ageing processes induced by the chronic inflammation requires the maintenance of healthy gut microbiota, which is related to daily dietary habits. In this regard, supplementation of vitamin D3 and phytochemicals plays an important role. Recently, the association of the prevention of the non-disease condition called "ME-BYO" with the maintenance of a healthy condition has been an attractive regimen, and the anti-ageing effect discussed here is important for a healthy and long life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Santa
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo College of Biotechnology, Ota-ku, Tokyo 114-0032, Japan;
| | - Yoshio Kumazawa
- Vino Science Japan Inc., Kawasaki 210-0855, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Center for Kampo Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama 245-0066, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Isao Nagaoka
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Faculty of Medical Science, Juntendo University, Urayasu 279-0013, Chiba, Japan
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Pacyga K, Pacyga P, Topola E, Viscardi S, Duda-Madej A. Bioactive Compounds from Plant Origin as Natural Antimicrobial Agents for the Treatment of Wound Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2100. [PMID: 38396777 PMCID: PMC10889580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria underscores the need to search for innovative and nature-based solutions. One of the approaches may be the use of plants that constitute a rich source of miscellaneous compounds with a wide range of biological properties. This review explores the antimicrobial activity of seven bioactives and their possible molecular mechanisms of action. Special attention was focused on the antibacterial properties of berberine, catechin, chelerythrine, cinnamaldehyde, ellagic acid, proanthocyanidin, and sanguinarine against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The growing interest in novel therapeutic strategies based on new plant-derived formulations was confirmed by the growing number of articles. Natural products are one of the most promising and intensively examined agents to combat the consequences of the overuse and misuse of classical antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pacyga
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pacyga
- Department of Thermodynamics and Renewable Energy Sources, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Ewa Topola
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (E.T.); (S.V.)
| | - Szymon Viscardi
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland; (E.T.); (S.V.)
| | - Anna Duda-Madej
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
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Azami S, Forouzanfar F. Therapeutic potentialities of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in ischemic stroke: biochemical and molecular evidence. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:347-357. [PMID: 37721652 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death in patients. Despite considerable recent advances in the treatment of ischemic stroke, only a limited number of effective neuroprotective agents are available for stroke. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a popular herbal plant, and numerous studies have indicated its health benefits for several diseases. Green tea is of interest due to its high content of catechin derivatives, including epicatechin, gallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate. This review tried to develop a feasible background for the potential effects of green tea and its bioactive derivatives concerning protection against ischemic stroke. Green tea's antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects are believed to be efficacious in stroke treatment. Evidence supports the idea that green tea can be used to assist in treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakiba Azami
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Fabrikov D, Varga ÁT, García MCV, Bélteky P, Kozma G, Kónya Z, López Martínez JL, Barroso F, Sánchez-Muros MJ. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of encapsulated tea polyphenols in chitosan/alginate-coated zein nanoparticles: a possible supplement against fish pathogens in aquaculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13673-13687. [PMID: 38261222 PMCID: PMC10881692 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Regulation of antibiotic use in aquaculture calls for the emergence of more sustainable alternative treatments. Tea polyphenols (GTE), particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), have various biological activities. However, tea polyphenols are susceptible to degradation. In this work, EGCG and GTE were encapsulated in zein nanoparticles (ZNP) stabilized with alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CS) to reduce the degradation effect. ALG-coated ZNP and ALG/CS-coated ZNP encapsulating EGCG or GTE were obtained with a hydrodynamic size of less than 300 nm, an absolute ζ-potential value >30 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency greater than 75%. The antioxidant capacity of the encapsulated substances, although lower than that of the free ones, maintained high levels. On the other hand, the evaluation of antimicrobial activity showed greater efficiency in terms of growth inhibition for ALG/CS-ZNP formulations, with average overall values of around 60%, reaching an inhibition of more than 90% for Photobacterium damselae. These results support encapsulation as a good strategy for tea polyphenols, as it allows maintaining significant levels of antioxidant activity and increasing the potential for antimicrobial activity, in addition to increasing protection against sources of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Fabrikov
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain.
| | - Ágnes Timea Varga
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - María Carmen Vargas García
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - Péter Bélteky
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kozma
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA, Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | | | - Fernando Barroso
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - María José Sánchez-Muros
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
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31
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Bi J, Zhang C, Lu C, Mo C, Zeng J, Yao M, Jia B, Liu Z, Yuan P, Xu S. Age-related bone diseases: Role of inflammaging. J Autoimmun 2024; 143:103169. [PMID: 38340675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Bone aging is characterized by an imbalance in the physiological and pathological processes of osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis, resulting in exacerbated bone loss and the development of age-related bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. Inflammaging, a novel concept in the field of aging research, pertains to the persistent and gradual escalation of pro-inflammatory reactions during the aging process. This phenomenon is distinguished by its low intensity, systemic nature, absence of symptoms, and potential for management. The mechanisms by which inflammaging contribute to age-related chronic diseases, particularly in the context of age-related bone diseases, remain unclear. The precise manner in which systemic inflammation induces bone aging and consequently contributes to the development of age-related bone diseases has yet to be fully elucidated. This article primarily examines the mechanisms underlying inflammaging and its association with age-related bone diseases, to elucidate the potential mechanisms of inflammaging in age-related bone diseases and offer insights for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies for such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Bi
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caimei Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caihong Lu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuzi Mo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawei Zeng
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyan Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Department of Endocrinology, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyan Yuan
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Sabarathinam S, Rajappan Chandra SK, Satheesh S. Network pharmacology based pharmacokinetic assessment and evaluation of the therapeutic potential of catechin derivatives as a potential myostatin inhibitor: A special view on Sarcopenic Obesity. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:856-860. [PMID: 36941755 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2191197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity has become a significant age-related metabolic problem. Catechins are flavanol, derivatives which poses a strong antioxidant activity. The major components of catechin derivatives. were identified through our physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters estimation. Therefore, in this study, network pharmacology was used to explore the multiple targets related to Sarcopenia, Metabolic syndrome, and obesity. The targets were identified from network analysis. The catechin derivatives were screened using Lipinski's rule of five, Veber scale, Egan scale, and Muegge scale. From this drugglikness property catechin and Epicatechin was selected which were docked towards the myostatin inhibition PDB ID: 3HH2. Furthermore, the computational docking method on Catechin and Epicatechin with the stronger interaction towards myostatin inhibition receptor with the binding energy of -6.90 kcal/mol. and -7.0 kcal/mol from autodock software, respectively, for catechin and Epicatechin. Higher binding energy confirms the pharmacotherapeutic activity of Catechin and Epicatechin toward the myostatin inhibitor target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh Sabarathinam
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM) SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satish Kumar Rajappan Chandra
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM) SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjana Satheesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, P.O. Box 345055, United Arab Emirates
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Tejada S, Sarubbo F, Jiménez-García M, Ramis MR, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Capó X, Esteban S, Sureda A, Moranta D. Mitigating Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Oxidative Status in Rats Treated with Catechin and Polyphenon-60. Nutrients 2024; 16:368. [PMID: 38337652 PMCID: PMC10857701 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a normal physiological process influenced by the combination of multiple mechanisms, primarily oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which impact general physiology and brain function. Phenolic compounds have demonstrated the ability to slow down the aging process of the brain due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study assessed the protective properties of catechin and polyphenon-60 in non-pathologically aged rats regarding visuo-spatial learning and the oxidative status of the frontal cortex. Old animals were treated with catechin or green tea extract (polyphenon-60) for 36 days, daily. Healthy old and young rats were used as controls. During the first training phase, treated rats executed the test better, locating the target in less time compared with the controls. Biomarkers of oxidative stress (catalase activities, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase) were reduced in the brain of old animals, although their activities were partially improved after both antioxidant treatments. Furthermore, the rise in the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels-a marker of lipid peroxidation-in the frontal cortex of aged animals was significantly ameliorated after the interventions. In conclusion, old rats exhibited enhanced cognitive function and reduced stress levels following the administration of catechin and polyphenon-60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Fiorella Sarubbo
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Manuel Jiménez-García
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Margarida R. Ramis
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xavier Capó
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Susana Esteban
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
| | - Antoni Sureda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - David Moranta
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (S.T.); (F.S.); (M.J.-G.); (M.R.R.); (S.E.); (D.M.)
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (M.M.Q.-L.); (X.C.)
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German IJS, Pomini KT, Andreo JC, Shindo JVTC, de Castro MVM, Detregiachi CRP, Araújo AC, Guiguer EL, Fornari Laurindo L, Bueno PCDS, de Souza MDSS, Gabaldi M, Barbalho SM, Shinohara AL. New Trends to Treat Muscular Atrophy: A Systematic Review of Epicatechin. Nutrients 2024; 16:326. [PMID: 38276564 PMCID: PMC10818576 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Epicatechin is a polyphenol compound that promotes skeletal muscle differentiation and counteracts the pathways that participate in the degradation of proteins. Several studies present contradictory results of treatment protocols and therapeutic effects. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to investigate the current literature showing the molecular mechanism and clinical protocol of epicatechin in muscle atrophy in humans, animals, and myoblast cell-line. The search was conducted in Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The qualitative analysis demonstrated that there is a commonness of epicatechin inhibitory action in myostatin expression and atrogenes MAFbx, FOXO, and MuRF1. Epicatechin showed positive effects on follistatin and on the stimulation of factors related to the myogenic actions (MyoD, Myf5, and myogenin). Furthermore, the literature also showed that epicatechin can interfere with mitochondrias' biosynthesis in muscle fibers, stimulation of the signaling pathways of AKT/mTOR protein production, and amelioration of skeletal musculature performance, particularly when combined with physical exercise. Epicatechin can, for these reasons, exhibit clinical applicability due to the beneficial results under conditions that negatively affect the skeletal musculature. However, there is no protocol standardization or enough clinical evidence to draw more specific conclusions on its therapeutic implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Jasmin Santos German
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, (FOB-USP), Alameda Doutor Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil (J.V.T.C.S.)
| | - Karina Torres Pomini
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (A.C.A.); (E.L.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Jesus Carlos Andreo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, (FOB-USP), Alameda Doutor Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil (J.V.T.C.S.)
| | - João Vitor Tadashi Cosin Shindo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, (FOB-USP), Alameda Doutor Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil (J.V.T.C.S.)
| | - Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (A.C.A.); (E.L.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Claudia Rucco P. Detregiachi
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (A.C.A.); (E.L.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (A.C.A.); (E.L.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (A.C.A.); (E.L.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Patrícia Cincotto dos Santos Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maricelma da Silva Soares de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Marcia Gabaldi
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (K.T.P.); (M.V.M.d.C.); (A.C.A.); (E.L.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.F.L.); (M.d.S.S.d.S.)
| | - André Luis Shinohara
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), School of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, (FOB-USP), Alameda Doutor Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru 17012-901, São Paulo, Brazil (J.V.T.C.S.)
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Belfiore E, Di Prima G, Angellotti G, Panzarella V, De Caro V. Plant-Derived Polyphenols to Prevent and Treat Oral Mucositis Induced by Chemo- and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers Management. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:260. [PMID: 38254751 PMCID: PMC10813700 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral Mucositis (OM) is the most common side effect due to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are the conventional treatment options for head and neck cancers. OM is a severe inflammatory condition characterized by multifactorial etiopathogenesis. It further negatively affects patients' quality of life by severe impairment of normal oral functions. Consequently, it is mandatory to identify new effective therapeutic approaches to both prevent and treat OM while also avoiding any recurrence. Polyphenols recently attracted the interest of the scientific community due to their low toxicity and wide range of biological activities making them ideal candidates for several applications in the odontostomatological field, particularly against OM. This review collects the in vivo studies and the clinical trials conducted over the past 13 years evaluating the preventive and curative effects of several polyphenolic compounds towards chemo- and radiotherapy-induced OM, both when administered alone or as a plant-extracted phytocomplex. The literature fully confirms the usefulness of these molecules, thus opening the possibility of their clinical application. However, polyphenol limitations (e.g., unfavourable physicochemical properties and susceptibility to degradation) have emerged. Consequently, the interest of the scientific community should be focused on developing innovative delivery systems able to stabilize polyphenols, thus facilitating topical administration and maximizing their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Belfiore
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.B.); (V.P.)
| | - Giulia Di Prima
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Angellotti
- Institute of Nanostructured Materials, National Research Council, Via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Vera Panzarella
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Via L. Giuffrè 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.B.); (V.P.)
| | - Viviana De Caro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy;
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Ballini A, Zhurakivska K, Troiano G, Lo Muzio L, Caponio VCA, Spirito F, Porro R, Rella M, Cantore S, Arrigoni R, Dioguardi M. Dietary Polyphenols against Oxidative Stress in Head and Neck Cancer: What's New, What's Next. J Cancer 2024; 15:293-308. [PMID: 38169656 PMCID: PMC10758035 DOI: 10.7150/jca.90545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a worldwide health problem, accounting for over 5% of all types of cancers. Their varied nature makes it sometimes difficult to find clear explanations for the molecular mechanisms that underline their onset and development. While chemio- and radiotherapy are clearly not to be dismissed, we cannot undervalue the effect that polyphenols - especially dietary polyphenols - can have in helping us to cope with this medical emergency. By influencing several different proteins involved in numerous different metabolic pathways, polyphenols can have a broad spectrum of biological action and can hopefully act synergistically to tackle down head and neck cancer. Moreover, being natural molecules, polyphenols does not present any side effects and can even enhance drugs efficacy, making our clinical therapy against head and neck cancer more and more effective. Certainly, oxidative stress plays an important role, altering several molecular pathways, lowering the body's defenses, and ultimately helping to create a microenvironment conducive to the appearance and development of the tumor. In this regard, the regular and constant intake of foods rich in polyphenols can help counteract the onset of oxidative stress, improving the health of the general population. In this review, we highlight the role of polyphenols in managing oxidative stress, with such positive effects that they can be considered new tools to use in our anti-head and neck cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Khrystyna Zhurakivska
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Spirito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosa Porro
- Department of Informatics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Rella
- AULSS4 - Veneto Orientale - Portogruaro, Venice, Italy
| | - Stefania Cantore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Reis-Havlat M, Alania Y, Zhou B, Jing SX, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Modulatory role of terminal monomeric flavan-3-ol units in the viscoelasticity of dentin. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35333. [PMID: 37792302 PMCID: PMC10842555 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavan-3-ol monomers are the building blocks of proanthocyanidins (PACs), natural compounds from plants shown to mediate specific biologic activities on dentin. While the stereochemistry of the terminal flavan-3-ols, catechin (C) versus epicatechin (EC), impacts the biomechanical properties of the dentin matrix treated with oligomeric PACs, structure-activity relationships driving this bioactivity remain elusive. To gain insights into the modulatory role of the terminal monomers, two highly congruent trimeric PACs from Pinus massoniana only differing in the stereochemistry of the terminal unit (Trimer-C vs. Trimer-EC) were prepared to evaluate their chemical characteristics as well as their effects on the viscoelasticity and biostability of biomodified dentin matrices via infrared spectroscopy and multi-scale dynamic mechanical analyses. The subtle alteration of C versus EC as terminal monomers lead to distinct immediate PAC-trimer biomodulation of the dentin matrix. Nano- and micro-dynamic mechanical analyses revealed that Trimer-EC increased the complex moduli (0.51 GPa) of dentin matrix more strongly than Trimer-C (0.26 GPa) at the nanoscale length (p < 0.001), whereas the reverse was found at the microscale length (p < .001). The damping capacity (tan δ) of dentin matrix decreased by 70% after PAC treatment at the nano-length scale, while increased values were found at the micro-length scale (~0.24) compared to the control (0.18 ; p < .001). An increase in amide band intensities and a decrease of complex moduli was observed after storage in simulated body fluid for both Trimer-C and Trimer-EC modified dentin. The stereochemical configuration of the terminal monomeric units, C and EC, did not impact the chemo-mechanical stability of dentin matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis-Havlat
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States’
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States’
| | - Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States’
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Swaidan A, Azakir B, Neugart S, Kattour N, Sokhn ES, Osaili TM, Darra NE. Evaluation of the Phenolic Composition and Biological Activities of Six Aqueous Date ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Seed Extracts Originating from Different Countries: A Comparative Analysis. Foods 2023; 13:126. [PMID: 38201154 PMCID: PMC10778786 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Date seeds, which are the main by-products of date fruit consumption, were shown to possess promising biological activities and health benefits with minimal human use. The present investigation analyzed and compared the phenolic content of six date seed varieties from four different origins (Khudari, Sakai, and Safawi from Saudi Arabia, Majdool from Jordan, Zahdi from Iraq, and Kabkab from Iran). The aqueous extracts were examined for possible antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-tumor potential. Date seed oil was extracted, and fatty acid profiles were compared. The results revealed that date seeds are a rich source of polyphenols, which have been linked to biological activities. Furthermore, the phenolic content seemed highly dependent on the variety, where Kabkab had the highest TPC value (271.2 mg GAE/g DM) while Majdool had the lowest value (63.2 mg GAE/g DM). Antioxidant activities of all varieties were highly correlated with the total phenolic content. The antibacterial investigation demonstrated that the Sakai variety possessed the dominant activity, whereas Majdool showed no activity. The results further indicated the sensitivity of both Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, with a stronger effect against B. cereus, while no effect was observed against Gram-negative strains (Salmonella Typhi and Escherichia coli). All varieties were able to decrease colon and lung cancer cell viability, especially Khudari and Sakai, with stronger effects against colon cancer cells. Analysis of date seed oil showed high oleic acid content, especially in Sakai. The findings suggest that date seeds are promising candidates for future pharmaceutical applications as nutraceuticals to help combat certain illnesses, as well as functional foods and natural additives that boost the nutritional value of food products, increase their shelf lives, and improve the overall health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Swaidan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tarik El Jedidah, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box 115020, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon;
| | - Bilal Azakir
- Molecular and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon;
| | - Susanne Neugart
- Division of Quality and Sensory of Plant Products, Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Naim Kattour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, P.O. Box 100, Tripoli 1100 2807, Lebanon
| | - Elie Salem Sokhn
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon;
| | - Tareq M. Osaili
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nada El Darra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tarik El Jedidah, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box 115020, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon;
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Palacio de Araujo C, Medeiros Simões I, Lins Monteiro Rosa T, de Mello T, Bravim Canal G, Ferreira A, Bestete de Oliveira JP, Romais Schmildt E, Lopes JC, da Silva de Souza T, Otoni WC, Pinheiro PF, Moreira Novaes FJ, Gonçalves FG, dos Santos AR, Sobreira Alexandre R. Functional Fruit Trees from the Atlantic and Amazon Forests: Selection of Potential Chestnut Trees Rich in Antioxidants, Nutrients, and Fatty Acids. Foods 2023; 12:4422. [PMID: 38137226 PMCID: PMC10743210 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest and the biodiversity hotspot of the Atlantic Forest are home to fruit trees that produce functional foods, which are still underutilized. The present study aimed to select potential functional nut donor trees from two Brazilian chestnuts, by evaluating the nutritional and antioxidant composition of the nuts and the fatty acid profile of the oil. The nutritional characteristics, antioxidants, oil fatty acid profile, and X-ray densitometry of the nuts were evaluated, as well as the characterization of leaf and soil nutrients for each parent tree. The nut oil was evaluated through Brix (%), mass (g), yield (%), and the fatty acid profile. For L. pisonis, the most nutritious nuts were produced by L. pisonis tree 4 (N > P > K > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe) and L. pisonis tree 6 (P > Ca > Mg > Mn > Zn > Cu > Fe), and for the species L. lanceolata, L. lanceolata tree 6 (N > P > Ca > Mg > Zn > Fe > Cu) and L. lanceolata tree 2 (P > K > Mg > Zn > Cu). In L. pisonis, the highest production of anthocyanins, DPPH, total phenolics, and flavonoids was obtained from the nuts of L. pisonis tree 4 as well as for L. lanceolata, from L. lanceolata tree 1, except for flavonoids. The Brix of the oil from the nuts of both species showed no difference between the trees and the fatty acid profile with a similar amount between saturated (48-65%) and unsaturated (34-57%) fatty acids. Both species have nuts rich in nutrients and antioxidant compounds and can be considered unconventional functional foods. The data collected in the present study confirm that the nuts of these species can replace other foods as a source of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Palacio de Araujo
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Ingridh Medeiros Simões
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Thuanny Lins Monteiro Rosa
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Tamyris de Mello
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bravim Canal
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Adésio Ferreira
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Edilson Romais Schmildt
- North University Center of Espírito Santo, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Rodovia Governador Mário Covas, Km 60, São Mateus 29932-540, ES, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Lopes
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Tércio da Silva de Souza
- Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre, BR 482, Km 47, Rive District, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Wagner Campos Otoni
- Federal University of Viçosa/UFV, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabricio Gomes Gonçalves
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rosa dos Santos
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre
- Center of Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
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Picerno P, Crascì L, Iannece P, Esposito T, Franceschelli S, Pecoraro M, Giannone V, Panico AM, Aquino RP, Lauro MR. A Green Bioactive By-Product Almond Skin Functional Extract for Developing Nutraceutical Formulations with Potential Antimetabolic Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:7913. [PMID: 38067642 PMCID: PMC10708410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: almond peels are rich in polyphenols such as catechin and epicatechin, which are important anti-free-radical agents, anti-inflammatory compounds, and capable of breaking down cholesterol plaques. This work aims to evaluate the biological and technological activity of a "green" dry aqueous extract from Sicilian almond peels, a waste product of the food industry, and to develop healthy nutraceuticals with natural ingredients. Eudraguard® Natural is a natural coating polymer chosen to develop atomized formulations that improve the technological properties of the extract. (2) Methods: the antioxidant and free radical scavenger activity of the extract was rated using different methods (DPPH assay, ABTS, ORAC, NO). The metalloproteinases of the extracts (MMP-2 and MMP-9), the enhanced inhibition of the final glycation products, and the effects of the compounds on cell viability were also tested. All pure materials and formulations were characterized using UV, HPLC, FTIR, DSC, and SEM methods. (3) Results: almond peel extract showed appreciable antioxidant and free radical activity with a stronger NO inhibition effect, strong activity on MMP-2, and good antiglycative effects. In light of this, a food supplement with added health value was formulated. Eudraguard® Natural acted as a swelling substrate by improving extract solubility and dissolution/release (4) Conclusions: almond peel extract has significant antioxidant activity and MMP/AGE inhibition effects, resulting in an optimal candidate to formulate safe microsystems with potential antimetabolic activity. Eudraguard® Natural is capable of obtaining spray-dried microsystems with an improvement in the extract's biological and technological characteristics. It also protects the dry extract from degradation and oxidation, prolonging the shelf life of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (P.P.); (T.E.); (S.F.); (M.P.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Lucia Crascì
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95100 Catania, Italy; (L.C.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Patrizia Iannece
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84100 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Tiziana Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (P.P.); (T.E.); (S.F.); (M.P.); (R.P.A.)
- Unesco Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Silvia Franceschelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (P.P.); (T.E.); (S.F.); (M.P.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Michela Pecoraro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (P.P.); (T.E.); (S.F.); (M.P.); (R.P.A.)
| | - Virgilio Giannone
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed.4, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Panico
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95100 Catania, Italy; (L.C.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Rita Patrizia Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (P.P.); (T.E.); (S.F.); (M.P.); (R.P.A.)
- Unesco Chair Salerno, Plantae Medicinales Mediterraneae, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Lauro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (P.P.); (T.E.); (S.F.); (M.P.); (R.P.A.)
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Hervay NT, Elias D, Habova M, Jacko J, Morvova M, Gbelska Y. Catechin potentiates the antifungal effect of miconazole in Candida glabrata. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:835-842. [PMID: 37145224 PMCID: PMC10689516 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The rising number of invasive fungal infections caused by drug-resistant Candida strains is one of the greatest challenges for the development of novel antifungal strategies. The scarcity of available antifungals has drawn attention to the potential of natural products as antifungals and in combinational therapies. One of these is catechins-polyphenolic compounds-flavanols, found in a variety of plants. In this work, we evaluated the changes in the susceptibility of Candida glabrata strain characterized at the laboratory level and clinical isolates using the combination of catechin and antifungal azoles. Catechin alone had no antifungal activity within the concentration range tested. Its use in combination with miconazole resulted in complete inhibition of growth in the sensitive C. glabrata isolate and a significant growth reduction in the azole resistant C. glabrata clinical isolate. Simultaneous use of catechin and miconazole leads to increased intracellular ROS generation. The enhanced susceptibility of C. glabrata clinical isolates to miconazole by catechin was accompanied with the intracellular accumulation of ROS and changes in the plasma membrane permeability, as measured using fluorescence anisotropy, affecting the function of plasma membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Tóth Hervay
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Elias
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovak Republic
| | - Marcela Habova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Jacko
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina, Bratislava, 842 48, Slovak Republic
| | - Marcela Morvova
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina, Bratislava, 842 48, Slovak Republic
| | - Yvetta Gbelska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, 842 15, Slovak Republic.
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42
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Cui A, Li X, Ma X, Song Z, Wang X, Wang C, Xia Y. Quantitative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals corosolic acid inhibiting bladder cancer via suppressing cell cycle and inducing mitophagy in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 480:116749. [PMID: 37939859 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Corosolic acid (CA) is a plant-derived terpenoid compound with many health benefits. However, the anti-tumor effects of CA in bladder cancer remain unexplored. Here, we found that CA inhibited bladder tumor both in vitro and in vivo, and had no significant toxicity in mice. With the aid of transcriptomics and proteomics, we elucidated the regulatory network mechanism of CA inhibiting bladder cancer. Through cell viability detection, cell fluorescence staining and flow cytometry, we discovered that CA inhibited bladder cancer mainly through blocking cell cycle. Interestingly, CA played anticancer roles by distinct mechanisms at different concentrations: low concentrations (<7.0 μg/ml) of CA mainly inhibited DNA synthesis by downregulating TOP2A and LIG1, and diminished mitosis by downregulating CCNA2, CCNB1, CDC20, and RRM2; high concentrations (≥7.0 μg/ml) of CA induced cell death through triggering mitophagy via upregulating NBR1, TAXBP1, SQSTM1/P62, and UBB. CA, as a natural molecule of homology of medicine and food, is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of cancer patients following clarifying its anti-cancer mechanism. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of CA inhibition in bladder cancer, which is helpful for the development of new anti-tumor drugs based on CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfang Cui
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- College of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Jining First People's Hospital, Jining 272106, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, China.
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Laoué J, Havaux M, Ksas B, Tuccio B, Lecareux C, Fernandez C, Ormeño E. Long-term rain exclusion in a Mediterranean forest: response of physiological and physico-chemical traits of Quercus pubescens across seasons. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1293-1308. [PMID: 37596909 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
With climate change, an aggravation in summer drought is expected in the Mediterranean region. To assess the impact of such a future scenario, we compared the response of Quercus pubescens, a drought-resistant deciduous oak species, to long-term amplified drought (AD) (partial rain exclusion in natura for 10 years) and natural drought (ND). We studied leaf physiological and physico-chemical trait responses to ND and AD over the seasonal cycle, with a focus on chemical traits including major groups of central (photosynthetic pigments and plastoquinones) and specialized (tocochromanols, phenolic compounds, and cuticular waxes) metabolites. Seasonality was the main driver of all leaf traits, including cuticular triterpenoids, which were highly concentrated in summer, suggesting their importance to cope with drought and thermal stress periods. Under AD, trees not only reduced CO2 assimilation (-42%) in summer and leaf concentrations of some phenolic compounds and photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids from the xanthophyll cycle) but also enhanced the levels of other photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls, lutein, and neoxanthin) and plastochromanol-8, an antioxidant located in chloroplasts. Overall, the metabolomic adjustments across seasons and drought conditions reinforce the idea that Q. pubescens is highly resistant to drought although significant losses of antioxidant defenses and photoprotection were identified under AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Laoué
- Aix Marseille Univ., Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Havaux
- Aix Marseille Univ., CEA, CNRS UMR 7265 BIAM, CEA/Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- Aix Marseille Univ., CEA, CNRS UMR 7265 BIAM, CEA/Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lès-Durance, France
| | | | - Caroline Lecareux
- Aix Marseille Univ., Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Elena Ormeño
- Aix Marseille Univ., Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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Chu JN, Krishnan P, Lim KH. A comprehensive review on the chemical constituents, sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis and biological activities of Sarcandra glabra. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:53. [PMID: 38010490 PMCID: PMC10682397 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai is a perennial evergreen herb categorised within the Sarcandra Gardner genus under the Chloranthaceae family. Indigenous to tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia and India, this species is extensively distributed across China, particularly in the southern regions (Sichuan, Yunnan, and Jiangxi). In addition to its high ornamental value, S. glabra has a rich history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, evident through its empirical prescriptions for various ailments like pneumonia, dysentery, fractures, bruises, numbness, amenorrhea, rheumatism, and other diseases. Besides, modern pharmacological studies have revealed various biological activities, such as antitumour, anti-bacterial, anti-viral anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The diverse chemical constituents of S. glabra have fascinated natural product researchers since the 1900s. To date, over 400 compounds including terpenoids, coumarins, lignans, flavonoids, sterols, anthraquinones, organic acids, and organic esters have been isolated and characterised, some featuring unprecedented structures. This review comprehensively examines the current understanding of S. glabra's phytochemistry and pharmacology, with emphasis on the chemistry and biosynthesis of its unique chemotaxonomic marker, the lindenane-type sesquiterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ning Chu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Premanand Krishnan
- Foundation in Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Carrazoni GS, Garces NB, Cadore CR, Sosa PM, Cattaneo R, Mello-Carpes PB. Supplementation with Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava) leaves' extract prevents recognition memory deficits and hippocampal antioxidant dysfunction induced by Amyloid-β. Nutr Neurosci 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37948133 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2280815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava) is a typical South American plant rich in nutrients and energetic compounds. Lately, our group has shown that non-pharmacological interventions with natural antioxidants present different neuroprotective effects on oxidative balance and memory deficits in AD-like animal models. Here, our objective was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Cassava leaves' extract (CAS) in an AD-like model induced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) 25-35 peptide. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 40; 60 days old) were subjected to 10 days of CAS supplementation; then, we injected 2 μL Aβ 25-35 in the hippocampus by stereotaxic surgery. Ten days later, we evaluated object recognition (OR) memory. Cassavas' total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins content were measured, as well as hippocampal lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity. RESULTS CAS protected against Aβ-induced OR memory deficits. In addition, Aβ promoted antioxidant capacity decrease, while CAS was able to prevent it, in addition to diminishing lipoperoxidation compared to Aβ. DISCUSSION We show that treatment with Cassava leaves' extract before AD induction prevents recognition memory deficits related to Aβ hippocampal injection. At least part of these effects can be related to the Cassava leaves' extract supplementation effects on diminishing lipid peroxidation and preventing a decrease in the hippocampal total antioxidant capacity in the hippocampus of AD-like animals without adverse effects. Once cassavais a plant of warm and dry ground that can adapt to growon various soil types and seems to resist several insects, our results enable Cassava to be considered asa potential preventive intervention to avoid or minimizeAD-induced memory deficits worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Salgado Carrazoni
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Ramires Cadore
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marques Sosa
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | | | - Pâmela Billig Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
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Sharma P, Kishore A, De I, Negi S, Kumar G, Bhardwaj S, Singh M. Mitigating neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: Exploring the role of proinflammatory cytokines and the potential of phytochemicals as natural therapeutics. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105604. [PMID: 37683836 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neuroinflammatory illnesses, characterized by the progressive loss of neurons in the brain. Proinflammatory cytokines play a key role in initiating and perpetuating neuroinflammation, which can lead to the activation of glial cells and the deregulation of inflammatory pathways, ultimately leading to permanent brain damage. Currently, available drugs for PD mostly alleviate symptoms but do not target underlying inflammatory processes. There is a growing interest in exploring the potential of phytochemicals to mitigate neuroinflammation. Phytochemicals such as resveratrol, apigenin, catechin, anthocyanins, amentoflavone, quercetin, berberine, and genistein have been studied for their ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce proinflammatory cytokine levels in the brain. These plant-derived compounds offer a natural and potentially safe alternative to conventional drugs for managing neuroinflammation in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research is necessary to elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action and clinical effectiveness. So, this review delves into the pathophysiology of PD and its intricate relationship with proinflammatory cytokines, and explores how their insidious contributions fuel the disease's initiation and progression via cytokine-dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, we tried to give an account of PD management using existing drugs along with their limitations. Furthermore, our aim is to provide a thorough overview of the diverse groups of phytochemicals, their plentiful sources, and the current understanding of their anti-neuroinflammatory properties. Through this exploration, we posit the innovative idea that consuming nutrient-rich phytochemicals could be an effective approach to preventing and treating PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sharma
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Abhinoy Kishore
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Indranil De
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Swarnima Negi
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sahil Bhardwaj
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Singh
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Li H, Liu T, Li F, Wu X, Wu W. Effects of rice bran rancidity on the release of phenolics and antioxidative properties of rice bran dietary fiber in vitro gastrointestinal digestion products. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113483. [PMID: 37803806 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice bran (RB) as the raw material for rice bran dietary fiber (RBDF) extraction, is rapidly rancidified prior to stabilization. To enhance the RBDF utilization in food industry, effects of RB rancidity (RB was stored for 0, 1, 5, 7, and 10 d) on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of RBDF-bound phenolics were investigated. With the increase in RB storage time, the RB rancidity degree significantly increased (the acid value of rice bran oil from 5.08 mg KOH/g to 60.59 mg KOH/g), and the endogenous phenolics content in RBDF also increased. Simultaneously, RB rancidity reduced the antioxidant activity of RBDF digestion products during the gastric digestion phase, while RB rancidity increased the antioxidant activity of RBDF digestion products during the intestinal digestion phase. In addition, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion stimulated the release of RBDF-bound phenolics. The released monomeric phenolics (especially ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) were the major contributors to the increased antioxidant properties of RBDF digestion products. RBDF digestion products could inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of HUVECs. In conclusion, the study found that RB rancidity could improve the antioxidant capacity of RBDF in the small intestine by promoting RB endogenous phenolics bound to RBDF release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Fang Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China; National Engineering Research Center of Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, 498 South Shaoshan Road, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Gerdemann A, Broenhorst M, Behrens M, Humpf HU, Esselen M. Polyphenols Cause Structure Dependent Effects on the Metabolic Profile of Human Hepatocarcinogenic Cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300052. [PMID: 37672806 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Although many beneficial health effects are attributed to polyphenols their influence on the human metabolome has not been elucidated yet. The ubiquitous occurrence of polyphenols in the human diet demands comprehensive knowledge about physiological and toxicological effects of these compounds on human cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The human hepatocarcinogenic cell line HepG2 is used to elucidate the effects of 13 polyphenols and three respective phenolic degradation products on the human metabolome using HPLC-MS/MS. To investigate structure-activity-relationships, structurally related examples of polyphenols from different compound classes are selected. The analysis of catechins points toward a relation between the degree of hydroxylation and the extent of metabolic effects particularly on the urea cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). A correlation between the modulation of the PPP and the stability of the compounds is demonstrated, which may be caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The incubation of flavones and alkenylbenzenes demonstrates reduced activity of methoxylated compounds and no impact of the B-ring position. CONCLUSION In general, polyphenols induce a multitude of metabolic effects, for example, on energy metabolism, PPP, and urea cycle. These metabolic alterations may be related to the widely reported bioactivity of these compounds such as the anticarcinogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gerdemann
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Melissa Broenhorst
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Behrens
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Melanie Esselen
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Arabshomali A, Bazzazzadehgan S, Mahdi F, Shariat-Madar Z. Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Type 2 Diabetes. Molecules 2023; 28:7209. [PMID: 37894687 PMCID: PMC10609456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical relationship between diabetes and inflammation is well established. Evidence clearly indicates that disrupting oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium and elevated lipid peroxidation could be a potential mechanism for chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Under diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia, especially inflammation, and increased reactive oxygen species generation are bidirectionally associated. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue damage are believed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Although the exact mechanism underlying oxidative stress and its impact on diabetes progression remains uncertain, the hyperglycemia-inflammation-oxidative stress interaction clearly plays a significant role in the onset and progression of vascular disease, kidney disease, hepatic injury, and pancreas damage and, therefore, holds promise as a therapeutic target. Evidence strongly indicates that the use of multiple antidiabetic medications fails to achieve the normal range for glycated hemoglobin targets, signifying treatment-resistant diabetes. Antioxidants with polyphenols are considered useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidant activity. We aimed to analyze the current major points reported in preclinical, in vivo, and clinical studies of antioxidants in the prevention or treatment of inflammation in T2DM. Then, we will share our speculative vision for future diabetes clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Arabshomali
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Shadi Bazzazzadehgan
- Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; (A.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Fakhri Mahdi
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Zia Shariat-Madar
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA;
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Choi YG, Choi WS, Song JY, Lee Y, Lee SH, Lee JS, Lee S, Choi SR, Lee CH, Lee JY. Antiinflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract of Korean native herb Potentilla rugulosa Nakai in Bisphenol-a-stimulated A549 cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:758-773. [PMID: 37527000 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2240835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Potentilla rugulosa Nakai (P. rugulosa) is a perennial herb in the Rosaceae family and found in the Korean mountains. Previously, our findings demonstrated that P. rugulosa contains numerous polyphenols and flavonoids exhibiting important antioxidant and anti-obesity bioactivities. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a xenoestrogen that was shown to produce pulmonary inflammation in humans. However, the mechanisms underlying BPA-induced inflammation remain to be determined. The aim of this study was to examine whether ethanolic extract of P. rugulosa exerted an inhibitory effect on BPA-induced inflammation utilizing an adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cell line A549. The P. rugulosa extract inhibited BPA-mediated cytotoxicity by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further, P. rugulosa extract suppressed the upregulation of various pro-inflammatory mediators induced by activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways by P. rugulosa extract was found to occur via decrease in the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Further, blockade of phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and stress-activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) was noted. Thus, our findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of P. rugulosa may act as a natural anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Biological Material Analysis Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- Biological Material Analysis Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Rin Choi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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