1
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Kim J, Park J, Choe G, Jeong SI, Kim HS, Lee JY. A Gelatin/Alginate Double Network Hydrogel Nerve Guidance Conduit Fabricated by a Chemical-Free Gamma Radiation for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400142. [PMID: 38566357 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are widely developed using various materials for the functional repair of injured or diseased peripheral nerves. Especially, hydrogels are considered highly suitable for the fabrication of NGCs due to their beneficial tissue-mimicking characteristics (e.g., high water content, softness, and porosity). However, the practical applications of hydrogel-based NGCs are hindered due to their poor mechanical properties and complicated fabrication processes. To bridge this gap, a novel double-network (DN) hydrogel using alginate and gelatin by a two-step crosslinking process involving chemical-free gamma irradiation and ionic crosslinking, is developed. DN hydrogels (1% alginate and 15% gelatin), crosslinked with 30 kGy gamma irradiation and barium ions, exhibit substantially improved mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elastic modulus, and fracture stain, compared to single network (SN) gelatin hydrogels. Additionally, the DN hydrogel NGC exhibits excellent kink resistance, mechanical stability to successive compression, suture retention, and enzymatic degradability. In vivo studies with a sciatic defect rat model indicate substantially improved nerve function recovery with the DN hydrogel NGC compared to SN gelatin and commercial silicone NGCs, as confirm footprint analysis, electromyography, and muscle weight measurement. Histological examination reveals that, in the DN NGC group, the expression of Schwann cell and neuronal markers, myelin sheath, and exon diameter are superior to the other controls. Furthermore, the DN NGC group demonstrates increased muscle fiber formation and reduced fibrotic scarring. These findings suggest that the mechanically robust, degradable, and biocompatible DN hydrogel NGC can serve as a novel platform for peripheral nerve regeneration and other biomedical applications, such as implantable tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Junggeon Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Goeun Choe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-In Jeong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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2
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Cona C, Bailey K, Barker E. Characterization Methods to Determine Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) in Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2050. [PMID: 39065367 PMCID: PMC11281017 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant developments have been achieved with the invention of hydrogels. They are effective in many fields such as wastewater treatment, food, agriculture, pharmaceutical applications, and drug delivery. Although hydrogels have been used successfully in these areas, there is a need to make them better for future applications. Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) can be created to make hydrogels more adjustable and suitable for a specific purpose. IPN formation is an innovative approach for polymeric systems. It brings two or more polymer networks together with entanglements. The properties of IPNs are controlled by its chemistry, crosslinking density, and morphology. Therefore, it is necessary to understand characterization methods in order to detect the formation of IPN structure and to develop the properties of hydrogels. In recent studies, IPN structure in hydrogels has been determined via chemical, physical, and mechanical methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and rheology methods. In this paper, these characterization methods will be explained, recent studies will be scrutinized, and the effectiveness of these methods to confirm IPN formation will be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Barker
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (C.C.); (K.B.)
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3
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Mehdi-Sefiani H, Chicardi E, Romero A, Perez-Puyana VM. Unveiling the Impact of Gelation Temperature on the Rheological and Microstructural Properties of Type A Gelatin Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1842. [PMID: 39000695 PMCID: PMC11243819 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-based hydrogels have garnered significant attention in the fields of drug delivery systems and tissue engineering owing to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, elasticity, flexibility and nontoxic nature. However, there is a lack of information regarding type-A-gelatin-based hydrogels. In this sense, the main aim of this work was the evaluation of the properties of type-A-gelatin-based hydrogel achieved using two different gelation temperatures (4 °C and 20 °C). Thus, the main novelty of this study lies in the analysis of the impact of gelation time on the rheological and microstructural properties of type-A-gelatin-based hydrogels. Moreover, the addition of a drug was also analyzed in order to evaluate the hydrogels' behavior as a drug delivery system. For this purpose, rheological (strain, frequency sweep tests and flow curves) and microstructural (SEM) characterizations were carried out. The results demonstrated that lowering the gelation temperature improved the rheological properties of the systems, obtaining hydrogels with an elastic modulus of 20 kPa when processing at 4 °C. On the other hand, the increase in the gelation temperature improved the critical strain of the systems at low temperatures. In conclusion, this work showed the feasibility of producing hydrogels with potential application in drug delivery with different properties, varying the testing temperature and incorporating tetracycline into their formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Mehdi-Sefiani
- Department of Engineering and Materials Science and Transportation, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - E. Chicardi
- Department of Engineering and Materials Science and Transportation, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain;
| | - A. Romero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Victor M. Perez-Puyana
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;
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4
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Wang X, Wang M, Xu Y, Yin J, Hu J. A 3D-printable gelatin/alginate/ε-poly-l-lysine hydrogel scaffold to enable porcine muscle stem cells expansion and differentiation for cultured meat development. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:131980. [PMID: 38821790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The mass proliferation of seed cells and imitation of meat structures remain challenging for cell-cultured meat production. With excellent biocompatibility, high water content and porosity, hydrogels are frequently-studied materials for anchorage-dependent cell scaffolds in biotechnology applications. Herein, a scaffold based on gelatin/alginate/ε-Poly-l-lysine (GAL) hydrogel is developed for skeletal muscle cells, which has a great prospect in cell-cultured meat production. In this work, the hydrogel GAL-4:1, composed of gelatin (5 %, w/v), alginate (5 %, w/v) and ε-Poly-l-lysine (molar ratio vs. alginate: 4:1) is selected as cell scaffold based on Young's modulus of 11.29 ± 1.94 kPa, satisfactory shear-thinning property and suitable porous organized structure. The commercially available C2C12 mouse skeletal myoblasts and porcine muscle stem cells (PMuSCs), are cultured in the 3D-printed scaffold. The cells show strong ability of attachment, proliferation and differentiation after induction, showing high biocompatibility. Furthermore, the cellular bioprinting is performed with GAL-4:1 hydrogel and freshly extracted PMuSCs. The extracted PMuSCs exhibit high viability and display early myogenesis (desmin) on the 3D scaffold, suggesting the great potential of GAL hydrogel as 3D cellular constructs scaffolds. Overall, we develop a novel GAL hydrogel as a 3D-printed bioactive platform for cultured meat research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Meiling Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yiqiang Xu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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5
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Zhou Y, Xu Y, Zhang R, Wang H, Wang F, Wang Z, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Mei J, Tao S. Hyaluronic Acid-Dopamine-NCSN Hydrogel Combined With Extracellular Matrix Promotes Wound Healing. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300549. [PMID: 38514930 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The skin barrier is essential to prevent pathogenic invasion. When injury occurs, multiple biological pathways are promptly activated and wound repair processes are triggered. The effective healing of wounds is essential for survival, and dysfunction could result from aberrant wound repair. Preparation of many hydrogels, which involve the addition of growth/cell factors or mimic extracellular matrix (ECM) components, has not resulted in significant advances in tissue recovery. ECM contains a large number of biologically active molecules that activate a variety of cellular transduction pathways, which are essential for wound repair. Here, this work prepares hyaluronic acid-dopamine-thiourea (HA-DA-NCSN) hydrogels exhibiting ultrafast gelation in situ, following the methods of Xu et al., and subsequently designs a hydrogel containing ECM particles. In addition, the loaded ECM material, specifically decellularized ECM material, not only enhances the strength of the hydrogel network, but also delivers bioactive substances that make it a suitable platform for skin wound repair. The ECM hydrogel has great potential as an efficient bioactive wound dressing. This research suggests that this strategy is likely to improve skin wound closure in rat skin wound models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhou
- Institute of Biomaterials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No.59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Yongbiao Xu
- Department of Public Health, Wuhan eighth hospital, 1307 Zhongshan Avenue, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No.59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Institute of Bioscaffold Transplantation and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, North Center Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No.59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Zonghuan Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No.59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Institute of Biomaterials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No.59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
| | - Zhihan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jin Mei
- Institute of Biomaterials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No.59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Institute of Bioscaffold Transplantation and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, North Center Road, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shengxiang Tao
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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6
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Mori H, Taketsuna Y, Shimogama K, Nishi K, Hara M. Interpenetrating gelatin/alginate mixed hydrogel: The simplest method to prepare an autoclavable scaffold. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:463-470. [PMID: 38570220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The choice of sterilization method for hydrogels used for cell culture influences the ease of preparing the gel. We prepared interpenetrating gelatin/calcium alginate hydrogels containing 1% (w/v) alginate and 1-16% (w/v) gelatin by molding with the mixture of gelatin/sodium alginate solution, followed by the addition of calcium ions by incubation in calcium chloride solution. It is the simplest method to prepare autoclavable gelatin/sodium hydrogel. We measured various properties of the hydrogels including volume, Young's modulus in the compression test, storage modulus, and loss modulus in the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement. The gelatin/alginate hydrogel can be easily fabricated into any shape by this method. After autoclave treatment, the hydrogel was shrunk to smaller than the original shape in similar figures. The shape of the gelatin/alginate hydrogel can be designed into any shape with the reduction ratio of the volume. Human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells adhered to the gelatin/alginate hydrogel and then proliferated. Gelatin/calcium alginate hydrogels with a high concentration are considered to be autoclavable culture substrates because of their low deformation and gelatin elution rate after autoclaving and the high amount of cells attached to the hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Mori
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Yaya Taketsuna
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kae Shimogama
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Koki Nishi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
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7
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Shan J, Kong Z, Wang X. Formation of Stable Vascular Networks by 3D Coaxial Printing and Schiff-Based Reaction. Gels 2024; 10:366. [PMID: 38920913 PMCID: PMC11203009 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascularized organs hold potential for various applications, such as organ transplantation, drug screening, and pathological model establishment. Nevertheless, the in vitro construction of such organs encounters many challenges, including the incorporation of intricate vascular networks, the regulation of blood vessel connectivity, and the degree of endothelialization within the inner cavities. Natural polymeric hydrogels, such as gelatin and alginate, have been widely used in three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting since 2005. However, a significant disparity exists between the mechanical properties of the hydrogel materials and those of human soft tissues, necessitating the enhancement of their mechanical properties through modifications or crosslinking. In this study, we aim to enhance the structural stability of gelatin-alginate hydrogels by crosslinking gelatin molecules with oxidized pullulan (i.e., a polysaccharide) and alginate molecules with calcium chloride (CaCl2). A continuous small-diameter vascular network with an average outer diameter of 1 mm and an endothelialized inner surface is constructed by printing the cell-laden hydrogels as bioinks using a coaxial 3D bioprinter. The findings demonstrate that the single oxidized pullulan crosslinked gelatin and oxidized pullulan/CaCl2 double-crosslinked gelatin-alginate hydrogels both exhibit a superior structural stability compared to their origins and CaCl2 solely crosslinked gelatin-alginate hydrogels. Moreover, the innovative gelatin and gelatin-alginate hydrogels, which have excellent biocompatibilities and very low prices compared with other hydrogels, can be used directly for tissue/organ construction, tissue/organ repairment, and cell/drug transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Shan
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.S.); (Z.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, He University, Shenyang 110163, China
| | - Zhiyuan Kong
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.S.); (Z.K.)
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.S.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education & Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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8
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Ozbek I, Saybasili H, Ulgen KO. Applications of 3D Bioprinting Technology to Brain Cells and Brain Tumor Models: Special Emphasis to Glioblastoma. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2616-2635. [PMID: 38664996 PMCID: PMC11094688 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Primary brain tumor is one of the most fatal diseases. The most malignant type among them, glioblastoma (GBM), has low survival rates. Standard treatments reduce the life quality of patients due to serious side effects. Tumor aggressiveness and the unique structure of the brain render the removal of tumors and the development of new therapies challenging. To elucidate the characteristics of brain tumors and examine their response to drugs, realistic systems that mimic the tumor environment and cellular crosstalk are desperately needed. In the past decade, 3D GBM models have been presented as excellent platforms as they allowed the investigation of the phenotypes of GBM and testing innovative therapeutic strategies. In that scope, 3D bioprinting technology offers utilities such as fabricating realistic 3D bioprinted structures in a layer-by-layer manner and precisely controlled deposition of materials and cells, and they can be integrated with other technologies like the microfluidics approach. This Review covers studies that investigated 3D bioprinted brain tumor models, especially GBM using 3D bioprinting techniques and essential parameters that affect the result and quality of the study like frequently used cells, the type and physical characteristics of hydrogel, bioprinting conditions, cross-linking methods, and characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay
Irem Ozbek
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Hale Saybasili
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey
| | - Kutlu O. Ulgen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
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9
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Chrungoo S, Bharadwaj T, Verma D. Nanofibrous polyelectrolyte complex incorporated BSA-alginate composite bioink for 3D bioprinting of bone mimicking constructs. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131123. [PMID: 38537853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Although several bioinks have been developed for 3D bioprinting applications, the lack of optimal printability, mechanical properties, and adequate cell response has limited their practical applicability. Therefore, this work reports the development of a composite bioink consisting of bovine serum albumin (BSA), alginate, and self-assembled nanofibrous polyelectrolyte complex aggregates of gelatin and chitosan (PEC-GC). The nanofibrous PEC-GC aggregates were prepared and incorporated into the bioink in varying concentrations (0 % to 3 %). The bioink samples were bioprinted and crosslinked post-printing by calcium chloride. The average nanofiber diameter of PEC-GC was 62 ± 15 nm. It was demonstrated that PEC-GC improves the printability and cellular adhesion of the developed bioink and modulates the swelling ratio, degradation rate, and mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffold. The in vitro results revealed that the bioink with 2 % PEC-GC had the best post-printing cell viability of the encapsulated MG63 osteosarcoma cells and well oragnized stress fibers, indicating enhanced cell adhesion. The cell viability was >90 %, as observed from the MTT assay. The composite bioink also showed osteogenic potential, as confirmed by the estimation of alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen synthesis assay. This study successfully fabricated a high-shape fidelity bioink with potential in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Chrungoo
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Tanmay Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Devendra Verma
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
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10
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Hou X, Lin L, Li K, Jiang F, Qiao D, Zhang B, Xie F. Towards superior biopolymer gels by enabling interpenetrating network structures: A review on types, applications, and gelation strategies. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 325:103113. [PMID: 38387158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Gels derived from single networks of natural polymers (biopolymers) typically exhibit limited physical properties and thus have seen constrained applications in areas like food and medicine. In contrast, gels founded on a synergy of multiple biopolymers, specifically polysaccharides and proteins, with intricate interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structures, represent a promising avenue for the creation of novel gel materials with significantly enhanced properties and combined advantages. This review begins with the scrutiny of newly devised IPN gels formed through a medley of polysaccharides and/or proteins, alongside an introduction of their practical applications in the realm of food, medicine, and environmentally friendly solutions. Finally, based on the fact that the IPN gelation process and mechanism are driven by different inducing factors entwined with a diverse amalgamation of polysaccharides and proteins, our survey underscores the potency of physical, chemical, and enzymatic triggers in orchestrating the construction of crosslinked networks within these biomacromolecules. In these mixed systems, each specific inducer aligns with distinct polysaccharides and proteins, culminating in the generation of semi-IPN or fully-IPN gels through the intricate interpenetration between single networks and polymer chains or between two networks, respectively. The resultant IPN gels stand as paragons of excellence, characterized by their homogeneity, dense network structures, superior textural properties (e.g., hardness, elasticity, adhesion, cohesion, and chewability), outstanding water-holding capacity, and heightened thermal stability, along with guaranteed biosafety (e.g., nontoxicity and biocompatibility) and biodegradability. Therefore, a judicious selection of polymer combinations allows for the development of IPN gels with customized functional properties, adept at meeting precise application requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Hou
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HBUT, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Lisong Lin
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HBUT, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HBUT, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Fatang Jiang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HBUT, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Dongling Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Binjia Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fengwei Xie
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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11
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Kyser AJ, Fotouh B, Mahmoud MY, Frieboes HB. Rising role of 3D-printing in delivery of therapeutics for infectious disease. J Control Release 2024; 366:349-365. [PMID: 38182058 PMCID: PMC10923108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Modern drug delivery to tackle infectious disease has drawn close to personalizing medicine for specific patient populations. Challenges include antibiotic-resistant infections, healthcare associated infections, and customizing treatments for local patient populations. Recently, 3D-printing has become a facilitator for the development of personalized pharmaceutic drug delivery systems. With a variety of manufacturing techniques, 3D-printing offers advantages in drug delivery development for controlled, fine-tuned release and platforms for different routes of administration. This review summarizes 3D-printing techniques in pharmaceutics and drug delivery focusing on treating infectious diseases, and discusses the influence of 3D-printing design considerations on drug delivery platforms targeting these diseases. Additionally, applications of 3D-printing in infectious diseases are summarized, with the goal to provide insight into how future delivery innovations may benefit from 3D-printing to address the global challenges in infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Kyser
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Bassam Fotouh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Hermann B Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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12
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Lu W, Zhao J, Cai X, Wang Y, Lin W, Fang Y, Wang Y, Ao J, Shou J, Xu J, Zhu S. Cadherin-responsive hydrogel combined with dental pulp stem cells and fibroblast growth factor 21 promotes diabetic scald repair via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and necroptosis. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100919. [PMID: 38298888 PMCID: PMC10829787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes causes a loss of sensation in the skin, so diabetics are prone to burns when using heating devices. Diabetic scalded skin is often difficult to heal due to the microenvironment of high glucose, high oxidation, and low blood perfusion. The treatment of diabetic scald mainly focuses on three aspects: 1) promote the formation of the epithelium; 2) promote angiogenesis; and 3) maintain intracellular homeostasis. In response to these three major repair factors, we developed a cadherin-responsive hydrogel combined with FGF21 and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to accelerate epithelial formation by recruiting cadherin to the epidermis and promoting the transformation of N cadherin to E cadherin; promoting angiogenesis to increase wound blood perfusion; regulating the stability of lysosomal and activating autophagy to maintain intracellular homeostasis in order to comprehensively advance the recovery of diabetic scald.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yaoping Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Yunyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jinglei Ao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiahui Shou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000 China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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13
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Lemarié L, Dargar T, Grosjean I, Gache V, Courtial EJ, Sohier J. Human Induced Pluripotent Spheroids' Growth Is Driven by Viscoelastic Properties and Macrostructure of 3D Hydrogel Environment. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1418. [PMID: 38136009 PMCID: PMC10740696 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells, particularly human iPSCs, constitute a powerful tool for tissue engineering, notably through spheroid and organoid models. While the sensitivity of stem cells to the viscoelastic properties of their direct microenvironment is well-described, stem cell differentiation still relies on biochemical factors. Our aim is to investigate the role of the viscoelastic properties of hiPSC spheroids' direct environment on their fate. To ensure that cell growth is driven only by mechanical interaction, bioprintable alginate-gelatin hydrogels with significantly different viscoelastic properties were utilized in differentiation factor-free culture medium. Alginate-gelatin hydrogels of varying concentrations were developed to provide 3D environments of significantly different mechanical properties, ranging from 1 to 100 kPa, while allowing printability. hiPSC spheroids from two different cell lines were prepared by aggregation (⌀ = 100 µm, n > 1 × 104), included and cultured in the different hydrogels for 14 days. While spheroids within dense hydrogels exhibited limited growth, irrespective of formulation, porous hydrogels prepared with a liquid-liquid emulsion method displayed significant variations of spheroid morphology and growth as a function of hydrogel mechanical properties. Transversal culture (adjacent spheroids-laden alginate-gelatin hydrogels) clearly confirmed the separate effect of each hydrogel environment on hiPSC spheroid behavior. This study is the first to demonstrate that a mechanically modulated microenvironment induces diverse hiPSC spheroid behavior without the influence of other factors. It allows one to envision the combination of multiple formulations to create a complex object, where the fate of hiPSCs will be independently controlled by their direct microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lemarié
- SEGULA Technologies, 69100 Villeurbanne, France;
- 3d.FAB, CNRS UMR 5246, ICBMS (Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry), Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France;
- CNRS UMR 5305, LBTI (Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory), 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Tanushri Dargar
- CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, INMG-PNMG (NeuroMyoGene Institute, Physiopathology and Genetics of the Neuron and the Muscle), Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (T.D.); (I.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Isabelle Grosjean
- CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, INMG-PNMG (NeuroMyoGene Institute, Physiopathology and Genetics of the Neuron and the Muscle), Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (T.D.); (I.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Vincent Gache
- CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, INMG-PNMG (NeuroMyoGene Institute, Physiopathology and Genetics of the Neuron and the Muscle), Université Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (T.D.); (I.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Edwin J. Courtial
- 3d.FAB, CNRS UMR 5246, ICBMS (Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry), Université Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France;
| | - Jérôme Sohier
- CNRS UMR 5305, LBTI (Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory), 69007 Lyon, France
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14
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Moghimi N, Hosseini SA, Dalan AB, Mohammadrezaei D, Goldman A, Kohandel M. Controlled tumor heterogeneity in a co-culture system by 3D bio-printed tumor-on-chip model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13648. [PMID: 37607994 PMCID: PMC10444838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment resistance is a caused by presence of various types of cells and heterogeneity within the tumor. Tumor cell-cell and cell-microenvironment interactions play a significant role in the tumor progression and invasion, which have important implications for diagnosis, and resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we develop 3D bioprinted in vitro models of the breast cancer tumor microenvironment made of co-cultured cells distributed in a hydrogel matrix with controlled architecture to model tumor heterogeneity. We hypothesize that the tumor could be represented by a cancer cell-laden co-culture hydrogel construct, whereas its microenvironment can be modeled in a microfluidic chip capable of producing a chemical gradient. Breast cancer cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) and non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) were embedded in the alginate-gelatine hydrogels and printed using a multi-cartridge extrusion bioprinter. Our approach allows for precise control over position and arrangements of cells in a co-culture system, enabling the design of various tumor architectures. We created samples with two different types of cells at specific initial locations, where the density of each cell type was carefully controlled. The cells were either randomly mixed or positioned in sequential layers to create cellular heterogeneity. To study cell migration toward chemoattractant, we developed a chemical microenvironment in a chamber with a gradual chemical gradient. As a proof of concept, we studied different migration patterns of MDA-MB-231 cells toward the epithelial growth factor gradient in presence of MCF10A cells in different ratios using this device. Our approach involves the integration of 3D bioprinting and microfluidic devices to create diverse tumor architectures that are representative of those found in various patients. This provides an excellent tool for studying the behavior of cancer cells with high spatial and temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Moghimi
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Seied Ali Hosseini
- Electrical Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Altay Burak Dalan
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Aaron Goldman
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad Kohandel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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15
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Craciun G, Calina IC, Demeter M, Scarisoreanu A, Dumitru M, Manaila E. Poly(Acrylic Acid)-Sodium Alginate Superabsorbent Hydrogels Synthesized by Electron Beam Irradiation Part I: Impact of Initiator Concentration and Irradiation Dose on Structure, Network Parameters and Swelling Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4552. [PMID: 37444866 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper, hydrogels based on acrylic acid (20%), sodium alginate (0.5%) and poly(ethylene oxide) (0.1%) were obtained by electron beam irradiation at room temperature with doses between 5 and 20 kGy, using potassium persulfate in concentrations up to 0.3% as a reaction initiator. The influence of initiator concentration and irradiation dose on hydrogel network parameters, swelling and deswelling behavior, gelation and degradation points, structure and morphology were investigated. Cross-link density increased with the irradiation dose and initiator addition, except at 20 kGy. The gel fraction was over 87.0% in all cases. Swelling experiments in distilled water showed swelling degrees of 40,000% at an irradiation dose of 5 kGy when a concentration of 0.1% initiator was added. A relationship between the swelling degree and irradiation dose, cross-linking degree (that increases from 0.044 × 102 to 0.995 × 102 mol/cm3) and mesh size (that decreases from about 220 nm to 26 nm) was observed. The addition of only 0.1% of PP led to the obtaining of hydrogels with a swelling degree of 42,954% (about 430 g/g) at an irradiation dose of 5 kGy and of 7206% (about 62 g/g) at 20 kGy, which are higher percentages than those obtained in the same irradiation conditions but without PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Craciun
- Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Ion Cosmin Calina
- Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Maria Demeter
- Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Anca Scarisoreanu
- Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Marius Dumitru
- Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Elena Manaila
- Electron Accelerators Laboratory, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Romania
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16
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Merotto E, Pavan PG, Piccoli M. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Naturally Derived Hydrogels for the Production of Biomimetic Living Tissues: Benefits and Challenges. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1742. [PMID: 37371837 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting is the process of manipulating cell-laden bioinks to fabricate living structures. Three-dimensional bioprinting techniques have brought considerable innovation in biomedicine, especially in the field of tissue engineering, allowing the production of 3D organ and tissue models for in vivo transplantation purposes or for in-depth and precise in vitro analyses. Naturally derived hydrogels, especially those obtained from the decellularization of biological tissues, are promising bioinks for 3D printing purposes, as they present the best biocompatibility characteristics. Despite this, many natural hydrogels do not possess the necessary mechanical properties to allow a simple and immediate application in the 3D printing process. In this review, we focus on the bioactive and mechanical characteristics that natural hydrogels may possess to allow efficient production of organs and tissues for biomedical applications, emphasizing the reinforcement techniques to improve their biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Merotto
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Statu Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6a, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Piero G Pavan
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Statu Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6a, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Statu Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
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17
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Zou S, Ye J, Wei Y, Xu J. Characterization of 3D-Bioprinted In Vitro Lung Cancer Models Using RNA-Sequencing Techniques. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:667. [PMID: 37370598 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct an in vitro lung cancer model using 3D bioprinting and evaluate the feasibility of the model. Transcriptome sequencing was used to compare the differential genes and functions of 2D and 3D lung cancer cells. METHODS 1. A549 cells were mixed with sodium alginate/gelatine/fibrinogen as 3D-printed biological ink to construct a hydrogel scaffold for the in vitro model of lung cancer; 2. A hydrogel scaffold was printed using a extrusion 3D bioprinter; 3. The printed lung cancer model was evaluated in vitro; and 4. A549 cells cultured in 2D and 3D tumour models in vitro were collected, and RNA-seq conducted bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS 1. The in vitro lung cancer model printed using 3D-bioprinting technology was a porous microstructure model, suitable for the survival of A549 cells. Compared with the 2D cell-line model, the 3D model is closer to the fundamental human growth environment; 2. There was no significant difference in cell survival rate between the 2D and 3D groups; 3. In the cell proliferation rate measurement, it was found that the cells in the 2D group had a speedy growth rate in the first five days, but after five days, the growth rate slowed down. Cell proliferation showed a declining process after the ninth day of cell culture. However, cells in the 3D group showed a slow growth process at the beginning, and the growth rate reached a peak on the 12th day. Then, the growth rate showed a downward trend; and 4. RNA-seq compared A549 cells from 2D and 3D lung cancer models. A total of 3112 genes were differentially expressed, including 1189 up-regulated and 1923 down-regulated genes, with p-value ≤ 0.05 and |Log2Ratio| ≥ 1 as screening conditions. After functional enrichment analysis of differential genes, these differential genes affect the biological regulation of A549 cells, thus promoting lung cancer progression. CONCLUSION This study uses 3D-bioprinting technology to construct a tumour model of lung cancer that can grow sustainably in vitro. Three-dimensional bioprinting may provide a new research platform for studying the lung cancer TME mechanism and anticancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Jiayue Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
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18
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Kyser AJ, Masigol M, Mahmoud MY, Ryan M, Lewis WG, Lewis AL, Frieboes HB, Steinbach-Rankins JM. Fabrication and characterization of bioprints with Lactobacillus crispatus for vaginal application. J Control Release 2023; 357:545-560. [PMID: 37076014 PMCID: PMC10696519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by low levels of lactobacilli and overgrowth of potential pathogens in the female genital tract. Current antibiotic treatments often fail to treat BV in a sustained manner, and > 50% of women experience recurrence within 6 months post-treatment. Recently, lactobacilli have shown promise for acting as probiotics by offering health benefits in BV. However, as with other active agents, probiotics often require intensive administration schedules incurring difficult user adherence. Three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting enables fabrication of well-defined architectures with tunable release of active agents, including live mammalian cells, offering the potential for long-acting probiotic delivery. One promising bioink, gelatin alginate has been previously shown to provide structural stability, host compatibility, viable probiotic incorporation, and cellular nutrient diffusion. This study formulates and characterizes 3D-bioprinted Lactobacillus crispatus-containing gelatin alginate scaffolds for gynecologic applications. Different weight to volume (w/v) ratios of gelatin alginate were bioprinted to determine formulations with highest printing resolution, and different crosslinking reagents were evaluated for effect on scaffold integrity via mass loss and swelling measurements. Post-print viability, sustained-release, and vaginal keratinocyte cytotoxicity assays were conducted. A 10:2 (w/v) gelatin alginate formulation was selected based on line continuity and resolution, while degradation and swelling experiments demonstrated greatest structural stability with dual genipin and calcium crosslinking, showing minimal mass loss and swelling over 28 days. 3D-bioprinted L. crispatus-containing scaffolds demonstrated sustained release and proliferation of live bacteria over 28 days, without impacting viability of vaginal epithelial cells. This study provides in vitro evidence for 3D-bioprinted scaffolds as a novel strategy to sustain probiotic delivery with the ultimate goal of restoring vaginal lactobacilli following microbiological disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Kyser
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mohammadali Masigol
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Mark Ryan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Warren G Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Amanda L Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Hermann B Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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19
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Quinn CH, Beierle AM, Julson JR, Erwin ME, Alrefai H, Markert HR, Stewart JE, Hutchins SC, Bownes LV, Aye JM, Mroczek-Musulman E, Hicks PH, Yoon KJ, Willey CD, Beierle1 EA. Using 3D-bioprinted models to study pediatric neural crest-derived tumors. Int J Bioprint 2023; 9:723. [PMID: 37323483 PMCID: PMC10261178 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has remained at the forefront of tissue engineering and has recently been employed for generating bioprinted solid tumors to be used as cancer models to test therapeutics. In pediatrics, neural crest-derived tumors are the most common type of extracranial solid tumors. There are only a few tumor-specific therapies that directly target these tumors, and the lack of new therapies remains detrimental to improving the outcomes for these patients. The absence of more efficacious therapies for pediatric solid tumors, in general, may be due to the inability of the currently employed preclinical models to recapitulate the solid tumor phenotype. In this study, we utilized 3D bioprinting to generate neural crest-derived solid tumors. The bioprinted tumors consisted of cells from established cell lines and patient-derived xenograft tumors mixed with a 6% gelatin/1% sodium alginate bioink. The viability and morphology of the bioprints were analyzed via bioluminescence and immunohisto chemistry, respectively. We compared the bioprints to traditional twodimensional (2D) cell culture under conditions such as hypoxia and therapeutics. We successfully produced viable neural crest-derived tumors that retained the histology and immunostaining characteristics of the original parent tumors. The bioprinted tumors propagated in culture and grew in orthotopic murine models. Furthermore, compared to cells grown in traditional 2D culture, the bioprinted tumors were resistant to hypoxia and chemotherapeutics, suggesting that the bioprints exhibited a phenotype that is consistent with that seen clinically in solid tumors, thus potentially making this model superior to traditional 2D culture for preclinical investigations. Future applications of this technology entail the potential to rapidly print pediatric solid tumors for use in high-throughput drug studies, expediting the identification of novel, individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin H Quinn
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Andee M Beierle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Janet R Julson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Michael E Erwin
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Hasan Alrefai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Hooper R Markert
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Jerry E Stewart
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Sara Claire Hutchins
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Laura V Bownes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Jamie M Aye
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | | | - Patricia H Hicks
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Karina J Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Christopher D Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
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20
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Bercea M. Rheology as a Tool for Fine-Tuning the Properties of Printable Bioinspired Gels. Molecules 2023; 28:2766. [PMID: 36985738 PMCID: PMC10058016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, efforts have been oriented toward the development of suitable gels for 3D printing, with controlled morphology and shear-thinning behavior in well-defined conditions. As a multidisciplinary approach to the fabrication of complex biomaterials, 3D bioprinting combines cells and biocompatible materials, which are subsequently printed in specific shapes to generate 3D structures for regenerative medicine or tissue engineering. A major interest is devoted to the printing of biomimetic materials with structural fidelity after their fabrication. Among some requirements imposed for bioinks, such as biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and the possibility to be sterilized, the nondamaging processability represents a critical issue for the stability and functioning of the 3D constructs. The major challenges in the field of printable gels are to mimic at different length scales the structures existing in nature and to reproduce the functions of the biological systems. Thus, a careful investigation of the rheological characteristics allows a fine-tuning of the material properties that are manufactured for targeted applications. The fluid-like or solid-like behavior of materials in conditions similar to those encountered in additive manufacturing can be monitored through the viscoelastic parameters determined in different shear conditions. The network strength, shear-thinning, yield point, and thixotropy govern bioprintability. An assessment of these rheological features provides significant insights for the design and characterization of printable gels. This review focuses on the rheological properties of printable bioinspired gels as a survey of cutting-edge research toward developing printed materials for additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bercea
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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21
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Peng B, Du L, Zhang T, Chen J, Xu B. Research progress in decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels for intervertebral disc degeneration. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1981-1993. [PMID: 36734099 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01862d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common clinical disorders, low back pain (LBP) influences patient quality of life and causes substantial social and economic burdens. Many factors can result in LBP, the most common of which is intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The progression of IDD cannot be alleviated by conservative or surgical treatments, and gene therapy, growth factor therapy, and cell therapy have their own limitations. Recently, research on the use of hydrogel biomaterials for the treatment of IDD has garnered great interest, and satisfactory treatment results have been achieved. This article describes the classification of hydrogels, the methods of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) production and the various types of gel formation. The current research on dECM hydrogels for the treatment of IDD is described in detail in this article. First, an overview of the material sources, decellularization methods, and gel formation methods is given. The focus is on research performed over the last three years, which mainly consists of bovine and porcine NP tissues, while for decellularization methods, combinations of several approaches are primarily used. dECM hydrogels have significantly improved mechanical properties after the polymers are cross-linked. The main effects of these gels include induction of stem cell differentiation to intervertebral disc (IVD) cells, good mechanical properties to restore IVD height after polymer cross-linking, and slow release of exosomes. Finally, the challenges and problems still faced by dECM hydrogels for the treatment of IDD are summarised, and potential solutions are proposed. This paper is the first to summarise the research on dECM hydrogels for the treatment of IDD and aims to provide a theoretical reference for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Peng
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lilong Du
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, No.406, Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Tongxing Zhang
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, No.406, Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Jiangping Chen
- Liuyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beizhengzhong Road, Hunan, 410399, China.
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, No.406, Jiefang South Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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22
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Pereira I, Lopez-Martinez MJ, Villasante A, Introna C, Tornero D, Canals JM, Samitier J. Hyaluronic acid-based bioink improves the differentiation and network formation of neural progenitor cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1110547. [PMID: 36937768 PMCID: PMC10020230 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1110547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technique for the development of neuronal in vitro models because it controls the deposition of materials and cells. Finding a biomaterial that supports neural differentiation in vitro while ensuring compatibility with the technique of 3D bioprinting of a self-standing construct is a challenge. Methods: In this study, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), methacrylated alginate (AlgMA), and hyaluronic acid (HA) were examined by exploiting their biocompatibility and tunable mechanical properties to resemble the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to create a suitable material for printing neural progenitor cells (NPCs), supporting their long-term differentiation. NPCs were printed and differentiated for up to 15 days, and cell viability and neuronal differentiation markers were assessed throughout the culture. Results and Discussion: This composite biomaterial presented the desired physical properties to mimic the ECM of the brain with high water intake, low stiffness, and slow degradation while allowing the printing of defined structures. The viability rates were maintained at approximately 80% at all time points. However, the levels of β-III tubulin marker increased over time, demonstrating the compatibility of this biomaterial with neuronal cell culture and differentiation. Furthermore, these cells showed increased maturation with corresponding functional properties, which was also demonstrated by the formation of a neuronal network that was observed by recording spontaneous activity via Ca2+ imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pereira
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J. Lopez-Martinez
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking, Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Villasante
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clelia Introna
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Creatio - Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Foundation Clinic Barcelona-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FRCB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Tornero
- Research Foundation Clinic Barcelona-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FRCB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratory of Neuronal Stem Cells and Cerebral Damage, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M. Canals
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Creatio - Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Foundation Clinic Barcelona-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (FRCB-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking, Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Josep Samitier,
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Yan J, Li S, Chen G, Ma C, McClements DJ, Liu X, Liu F. Formation, physicochemical properties, and comparison of heat- and enzyme-induced whey protein-gelatin composite hydrogels. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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24
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Abdel-Mageed HM, Nada D, Radwan RA, Mohamed SA, Gohary NAEL. Optimization of catalytic properties of Mucor racemosus lipase through immobilization in a biocompatible alginate gelatin hydrogel matrix for free fatty acid production: a sustainable robust biocatalyst for ultrasound-assisted olive oil hydrolysis. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:285. [PMID: 36276456 PMCID: PMC9485409 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractImmobilization is a key technology that improves the operational stability of enzymes. In this study, alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel) hydrogel matrix was synthesized and used as immobilization support for Mucor racemosus lipase (Lip). Enzyme catalyzed ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis of olive oil was also investigated. Alg-Gel matrix exhibited high entrapment efficiency (94.5%) with a degradation rate of 42% after 30 days. The hydrolysis of olive oil using Alg-Gel-Lip increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared to free Lip. Optimum pH and temperature were determined as pH 5.0 and 40 °C, respectively. The Vmax values for free and immobilized Lip were determined to be 5.5 mM and 5.8 mM oleic acid/min/ml, respectively, and the Km values were 2.2 and 2.58 mM/ml respectively. Thermal stability was highly improved for Alg-Gel-Lip (t1/2 650 min and Ed 87.96 kJ/mol) over free Lip (t1/2 150 min and Ed 23.36 kJ/mol). The enzymatic activity of Alg-Gel-Lip was preserved at 96% after four consecutive cycles and 90% of the initial activity after storage for 60 days at 4 °C. Alg-Gel-Lip catalyzed olive oil hydrolysis using ultrasound showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in hydrolysis rate compared to free Lip (from 0.0 to 58.2%, within the first 2 h). In contrast to traditional methodology, using ultrasonic improved temperature-dependent enzymatic catalyzed reactions and delivered greater reaction yields. Results suggest that Alg-Gel-Lip biocatalyst has great industrial application potential, particularly for free fatty acid production. In addition, the combined use of enzyme and ultrasound has the potential of eco-friendly technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dina Nada
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Ali Radwan
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh Ahmed Mohamed
- Molecular Biology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), El Behoth St Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Oxidized Alginate Dopamine Conjugate: A Study to Gain Insight into Cell/Particle Interactions. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040201. [PMID: 36412842 PMCID: PMC9680352 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We had previously synthetized a macromolecular prodrug consisting of oxidized Alginate and dopamine (AlgOx-Da) for a potential application in Parkinson disease (PD). Methods: In the present work, we aimed at gaining an insight into the interactions occurring between AlgOx-Da and SH-SY5Y neuronal cell lines in view of further studies oriented towards PD treatment. With the scope of ascertaining changes in the external and internal structure of the cells, multiple methodologies were adopted. Firstly, fluorescently labeled AlgOx-Da conjugate was synthetized in the presence of fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate (FITC), providing FITC-AlgOx-Da, which did not alter SH-SY5Y cell viability according to the sulforhodamine B test. Furthermore, the uptake of FITC-AlgOx-Da by the SH-SY5Y cells was studied using scanning near-field optical microscopy and assessments of cell morphology over time were carried out using atomic force microscopy. Results: Notably, the AFM methodology confirmed that no relevant damage occurred to the neuronal cells. Regarding the effects of DA on the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, AlgOx-Da reduced them in comparison to free DA, while AlgOx did almost not influence ROS production. Conclusions: these findings seem promising for designing in vivo studies aiming at administering Oxidized Alginate Dopamine Conjugate for PD treatment.
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26
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Sánchez-Cid P, Jiménez-Rosado M, Romero A, Pérez-Puyana V. Novel Trends in Hydrogel Development for Biomedical Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153023. [PMID: 35893984 PMCID: PMC9370620 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, there are still numerous challenges for well-known biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering (TE), wound healing and controlled drug delivery, which must be faced and solved. Hydrogels have been proposed as excellent candidates for these applications, as they have promising properties for the mentioned applications, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, great absorption capacity and tunable mechanical properties. However, depending on the material or the manufacturing method, the resulting hydrogel may not be up to the specific task for which it is designed, thus there are different approaches proposed to enhance hydrogel performance for the requirements of the application in question. The main purpose of this review article was to summarize the most recent trends of hydrogel technology, going through the most used polymeric materials and the most popular hydrogel synthesis methods in recent years, including different strategies of enhancing hydrogels’ properties, such as cross-linking and the manufacture of composite hydrogels. In addition, the secondary objective of this review was to briefly discuss other novel applications of hydrogels that have been proposed in the past few years which have drawn a lot of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alberto Romero
- Correspondence: (P.S.-C.); (A.R.); Tel.: +34-954557179 (A.R.)
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27
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Liu S, Wang T, Li S, Wang X. Application Status of Sacrificial Biomaterials in 3D Bioprinting. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2182. [PMID: 35683853 PMCID: PMC9182955 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing, also known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, relates to several rapid prototyping (RP) technologies, and has shown great potential in the manufacture of organoids and even complex bioartificial organs. A major challenge for 3D bioprinting complex org unit ans is the competitive requirements with respect to structural biomimeticability, material integrability, and functional manufacturability. Over the past several years, 3D bioprinting based on sacrificial templates has shown its unique advantages in building hierarchical vascular networks in complex organs. Sacrificial biomaterials as supporting structures have been used widely in the construction of tubular tissues. The advent of suspension printing has enabled the precise printing of some soft biomaterials (e.g., collagen and fibrinogen), which were previously considered unprintable singly with cells. In addition, the introduction of sacrificial biomaterials can improve the porosity of biomaterials, making the printed structures more favorable for cell proliferation, migration and connection. In this review, we mainly consider the latest developments and applications of 3D bioprinting based on the strategy of sacrificial biomaterials, discuss the basic principles of sacrificial templates, and look forward to the broad prospects of this approach for complex organ engineering or manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Liu
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (S.L.); (T.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Tianlin Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (S.L.); (T.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Shenglong Li
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (S.L.); (T.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, China; (S.L.); (T.W.); (S.L.)
- Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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28
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Yang Y, Wang Z, Xu Y, Xia J, Xu Z, Zhu S, Jin M. Preparation of Chitosan/Recombinant Human Collagen-Based Photo-Responsive Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050314. [PMID: 35621612 PMCID: PMC9141723 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen and chitosan are frequently used natural biomaterials in tissue engineering. However, most collagen is derived from animal tissue, with inconsistent quality and pathogen transmittance risks. In this context, we aimed to use a reliable Type-III recombinant human collagen (RHC) as an alternative biomaterial together with chitosan to develop novel photo-responsive bioinks for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. RHC was modified with methacrylic anhydride to obtain the RHC methacryloyl (RHCMA) and mixed with acidified chitosan (CS) to form composites CS-RHCMA. The characterizations demonstrated that the mechanical properties and the degradation of the bioinks were tunable by introducing the CS. The printabilities improved by adding CS to RHCMA, and various structures were constructed via extrusion-based 3D printing successfully. Moreover, in vitro tests confirmed that these CS-RHCMA bioinks were biocompatible as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were sustained within the constructs post-printing. The results from the current study illustrated a well-established bioinks system with the potential to construct different tissues through 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Y.X.); (J.X.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zixun Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Z.W.); (Z.X.); (S.Z.); (M.J.)
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Y.X.); (J.X.)
| | - Jingjing Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Y.X.); (J.X.)
| | - Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Z.W.); (Z.X.); (S.Z.); (M.J.)
| | - Shuai Zhu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Z.W.); (Z.X.); (S.Z.); (M.J.)
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Z.W.); (Z.X.); (S.Z.); (M.J.)
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29
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Crosby CO, Stern B, Kalkunte N, Pedahzur S, Ramesh S, Zoldan J. Interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels as bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering. REV CHEM ENG 2022; 38:347-361. [PMID: 35400772 PMCID: PMC8993131 DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering, after decades of exciting progress and monumental breakthroughs, has yet to make a significant impact on patient health. It has become apparent that a dearth of biomaterial scaffolds that possess the material properties of human tissue while remaining bioactive and cytocompatible has been partly responsible for this lack of clinical translation. Herein, we propose the development of interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels as materials that can provide cells with an adhesive extracellular matrix-like 3D microenvironment while possessing the mechanical integrity to withstand physiological forces. These hydrogels can be synthesized from biologically-derived or synthetic polymers, the former polymer offering preservation of adhesion, degradability, and microstructure and the latter polymer offering tunability and superior mechanical properties. We review critical advances in the enhancement of mechanical strength, substrate-scale stiffness, electrical conductivity, and degradation in IPN hydrogels intended as bioactive scaffolds in the past five years. We also highlight the exciting incorporation of IPN hydrogels into state-of-the-art tissue engineering technologies, such as organ-on-a-chip and bioprinting platforms. These materials will be critical in the engineering of functional tissue for transplant, disease modeling, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody O. Crosby
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas
| | - Brett Stern
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas
| | - Nikhith Kalkunte
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas
| | - Shahar Pedahzur
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas
| | - Shreya Ramesh
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas
| | - Janet Zoldan
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas
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30
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Jiao W, Li X, Shan J, Wang X. Study of Several Alginate-Based Hydrogels for In Vitro 3D Cell Cultures. Gels 2022; 8:147. [PMID: 35323260 PMCID: PMC8950797 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogel, a special system of polymer solutions, can be obtained through the physical/chemical/enzymic crosslinking of polymer chains in a water-based dispersion medium. Different compositions and crosslinking methods endow hydrogel with diverse physicochemical properties. Those hydrogels with suitable physicochemical properties hold manifold functions in biomedical fields, such as cell transplantation, tissue engineering, organ manufacturing, drug releasing and pathological model analysis. In this study, several alginate-based composite hydrogels, including gelatin/alginate (G-A), gelatin/alginate/agarose (G-A-A), fibrinogen/alginate (F-A), fibrinogen/alginate/agarose (F-A-A) and control alginate (A) and alginate/agarose (A-A), were constructed. We researched the advantages and disadvantages of these hydrogels in terms of their microscopic structure (cell living space), water holding capacity, swelling rate, swelling-erosion ratio, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Briefly, alginate-based hydrogels can be used for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture alone. However, when mixed with other natural polymers in different proportions, a relatively stable network with a good cytocompatibility, mechanical strength and water holding capacity can be formed. The physical and chemical properties of the hydrogels can be adjusted by changing the composition, proportion and cross-linking methods of the polymers. Conclusively, the G-A-A and F-A-A hydrogels are the best hydrogels for the in vitro 3D cell cultures and pathological model construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Jiao
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang 110122, China; (W.J.); (X.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang 110122, China; (W.J.); (X.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jingxin Shan
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang 110122, China; (W.J.); (X.L.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, HE University, Shenyang 110163, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang 110122, China; (W.J.); (X.L.); (J.S.)
- Center of Organ Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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31
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Juriga D, Kalman EE, Toth K, Barczikai D, Szöllősi D, Földes A, Varga G, Zrinyi M, Jedlovszky-Hajdu A, Nagy KS. Analysis of Three-Dimensional Cell Migration in Dopamine-Modified Poly(aspartic acid)-Based Hydrogels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8020065. [PMID: 35200447 PMCID: PMC8870902 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several types of promising cell-based therapies for tissue regeneration have been developing worldwide. However, for successful therapeutical application of cells in this field, appropriate scaffolds are also required. Recently, the research for suitable scaffolds has been focusing on polymer hydrogels due to their similarity to the extracellular matrix. The main limitation regarding amino acid-based hydrogels is their difficult and expensive preparation, which can be avoided by using poly(aspartamide) (PASP)-based hydrogels. PASP-based materials can be chemically modified with various bioactive molecules for the final application purpose. In this study, dopamine containing PASP-based scaffolds is investigated, since dopamine influences several cell biological processes, such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, according to the literature. Periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) of neuroectodermal origin and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line were used for the in vitro experiments. The chemical structure of the polymers and hydrogels was proved by 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopical (SEM) images confirmed the suitable pore size range of the hydrogels for cell migration. Cell viability assay was carried out according to a standardized protocol using the WST-1 reagent. To visualize three-dimensional cell distribution in the hydrogel matrix, two-photon microscopy was used. According to our results, dopamine containing PASP gels can facilitate vertical cell penetration from the top of the hydrogel in the depth of around 4 cell layers (~150 μm). To quantify these observations, a detailed image analysis process was developed and firstly introduced in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Juriga
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (K.S.N.)
| | - Eszter Eva Kalman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary;
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Krisztina Toth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Dora Barczikai
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
| | - David Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Gabor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Miklos Zrinyi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
| | - Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
| | - Krisztina S. Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (M.Z.); (A.J.-H.)
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.F.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.); (K.S.N.)
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32
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Microstructure and Thermal Property of Designed Alginate-Based Polymeric Composite Foam Materials Containing Biomimetic Decellularized Elastic Cartilage Microscaffolds. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010258. [PMID: 35009404 PMCID: PMC8745810 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a designed alginate-based polymeric composite foam material containing decellularized elastic cartilage microscaffolds from porcine elastic cartilage by using supercritical fluid and papain treatment for medical scaffold biomaterials. The microstructure and thermal property of the designed alginate-based polymeric composite foam materials with various controlled ratios of alginate molecules and decellularized elastic cartilage microscaffolds were studied and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG). The microstructure and thermal property of the composite foam materials were affected by the introduction of decellularized elastic cartilage microscaffolds. The designed alginate-based polymeric composite foam materials containing decellularized elastic cartilage microscaffolds were ionically cross-linked with calcium ions by soaking the polymeric composite foam materials in a solution of calcium chloride. Additional calcium ions further improved the microstructure and thermal stability of the resulting ionic cross-linked alginate-based polymeric composite foam materials. Furthermore, the effect of crosslinking functionality on microstructures and thermal properties of the resulting polymeric composite foam materials were studied to build up useful information for 3D substrates for cultivating and growing cartilage cells and/or cartilage tissue engineering.
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Gao Q, Kim BS, Gao G. Advanced Strategies for 3D Bioprinting of Tissue and Organ Analogs Using Alginate Hydrogel Bioinks. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:708. [PMID: 34940707 PMCID: PMC8708555 DOI: 10.3390/md19120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a natural polysaccharide that typically originates from various species of algae. Due to its low cost, good biocompatibility, and rapid ionic gelation, the alginate hydrogel has become a good option of bioink source for 3D bioprinting. However, the lack of cell adhesive moieties, erratic biodegradability, and poor printability are the critical limitations of alginate hydrogel bioink. This review discusses the pivotal properties of alginate hydrogel as a bioink for 3D bioprinting technologies. Afterward, a variety of advanced material formulations and biofabrication strategies that have recently been developed to overcome the drawbacks of alginate hydrogel bioink will be focused on. In addition, the applications of these advanced solutions for 3D bioprinting of tissue/organ mimicries such as regenerative implants and in vitro tissue models using alginate-based bioink will be systematically summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Gao
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Byoung-Soo Kim
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626841, Kyungnam, Korea;
| | - Ge Gao
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China;
- Department of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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The Effect of Agarose on 3D Bioprinting. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13224028. [PMID: 34833327 PMCID: PMC8620953 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, the accuracy, stability, and mechanical properties of the formed structure are very important to the overall composition and internal structure of the complex organ. In traditional 3D bioprinting, low-temperature gelatinization of gelatin is often used to construct complex tissues and organs. However, the hydrosol relies too much on the concentration of gelatin and has limited formation accuracy and stability. In this study, we take advantage of the physical crosslinking of agarose at 35–40 °C to replace the single pregelatinization effect of gelatin in 3D bioprinting, and printing composite gelatin/alginate/agarose hydrogels at two temperatures, i.e., 10 °C and 24 °C, respectively. After in-depth research, we find that the structures manufactured by the pregelatinization method of agarose are significantly more accurate, more stable, and harder than those pregelatined by gelatin. We believe that this research holds the potential to be widely used in the future organ manufacturing fields with high structural accuracy and stability.
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Hauser PV, Chang HM, Nishikawa M, Kimura H, Yanagawa N, Hamon M. Bioprinting Scaffolds for Vascular Tissues and Tissue Vascularization. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:178. [PMID: 34821744 PMCID: PMC8615027 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, tissue engineering has achieved significant advancements towards the repair of damaged tissues. Until this day, the vascularization of engineered tissues remains a challenge to the development of large-scale artificial tissue. Recent breakthroughs in biomaterials and three-dimensional (3D) printing have made it possible to manipulate two or more biomaterials with complementary mechanical and/or biological properties to create hybrid scaffolds that imitate natural tissues. Hydrogels have become essential biomaterials due to their tissue-like physical properties and their ability to include living cells and/or biological molecules. Furthermore, 3D printing, such as dispensing-based bioprinting, has progressed to the point where it can now be utilized to construct hybrid scaffolds with intricate structures. Current bioprinting approaches are still challenged by the need for the necessary biomimetic nano-resolution in combination with bioactive spatiotemporal signals. Moreover, the intricacies of multi-material bioprinting and hydrogel synthesis also pose a challenge to the construction of hybrid scaffolds. This manuscript presents a brief review of scaffold bioprinting to create vascularized tissues, covering the key features of vascular systems, scaffold-based bioprinting methods, and the materials and cell sources used. We will also present examples and discuss current limitations and potential future directions of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Viktor Hauser
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (P.V.H.); (H.-M.C.); (N.Y.)
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91343, USA
| | - Hsiao-Min Chang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (P.V.H.); (H.-M.C.); (N.Y.)
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91343, USA
| | - Masaki Nishikawa
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara 259-1207, Japan;
| | - Norimoto Yanagawa
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (P.V.H.); (H.-M.C.); (N.Y.)
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91343, USA
| | - Morgan Hamon
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (P.V.H.); (H.-M.C.); (N.Y.)
- Medical and Research Services, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at Sepulveda, North Hills, CA 91343, USA
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Zhang S, Li Q, Liu P, Lin C, Tang Z, Wang HL. Three-Dimensional Cell Printed Lock-Key Structure for Oral Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:13-26. [PMID: 33957771 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar ridge absorbs rapidly following tooth extraction. To promote implant rehabilitation, an adequate bone and soft tissue volume are required. Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing technique provides the advantages of precise spatial distribution and personalization. In this study, 3D cell printing was used to establish a soft-hard construct that is composed of alginate/gelatin (AG)/gingival fibroblast cells (GFs) and alginate/gelatin/nano-hydroxyapatite (AGH)/bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Physicochemical results showed that nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) added in the bioink maintained its crystalline phase. In addition, an increase of viscosity, the improvement of compressive modulus (p < 0.01), and slow degradation rate (p < 0.01) were found after adding nHA. SEM showed cell stretched and attached well on the surface of the 3D printed construct. At day 7 after printing, the viability of GFs in AG was 94.80% ± 1.14%, while BMSC viability in AGH was 86.59% ± 0.75%. Polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the expression levels of ALP, RUNX-2, and OCN in BMSCs were higher in AGH than AG bioink (p < 0.01). After 8-week implantation into the dorsum of 6- to 8-week-old male athymic and inbred (BALB/c) nude mice, the cellular printed construct displayed a more integrated structure and better healing of subcutaneous tissue compared with the acellular printed construct. In conclusion, this 3D cell printed soft-hard construct exhibits favorable biocompatibility and has potential for alveolar ridge preservation. Impact statement Alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction has posed great difficulty in the subsequent restorative procedure. Clinically, to preserve the dimension of alveolar ridge, covering soft tissue healing and underlying bone formation is necessary after tooth extraction. Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing, which can distribute different biomaterials and cells with spatial control, provides a novel approach to develop a customized plug to put in the fresh socket to minimize bone resorption and improve gingiva growth. In this study, an integrated and heterogeneous soft-hard construct with lock-key structure was successfully developed using 3D cell printing. The physicochemical and biological properties were tested in vitro and in vivo. This 3D cell printed soft-hard construct will be a customized plug in alveolar ridge preservation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Zhang
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunping Lin
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Tang
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Liu Y, Huang J, Xu Z, Li S, Jiang Y, Qu GW, Li Z, Zhao Y, Wu X, Ren J. Fabrication of gelatin-based printable inks with improved stiffness as well as antibacterial and UV-shielding properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:396-404. [PMID: 34224758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin-based inks have a broad range of applications in bioprinting for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility, ease of modification, degradability, and rapid gelation induced by low temperature. However, gelatin-derived inks prepared through low-temperature treatment have poor mechanical properties that limit their applications. To solve this problem, we designed polyacrylamide/gelatin/silver nanoparticle (PAAm-GelatinAgNPs) ink to improve gelatin-based hydrogels. The ink is based on double networks, in which the physically cross-linked gelatin as the first network and covalently cross-linked PAAm as the second network. It was found that the presence of PAAm increased the tensile and compression strength of the gelatin-based ink. Moreover, silver nanoparticles endowed the antibacterial properties to the gelatin-based ink and were able to shield the UV irradiation and damages to rat skin. In addition, this ink showed the shear thinning property; Consequently it succeeded in printing complex 3D scaffolds such as the cube, five-pointed star, flower, and university logo of "SEU". In summary, this ink presents a new strategy for the modification of gelatin and offers new potential applications for customized therapy of antimicrobial and anti-UV damage to tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinjian Huang
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yungang Jiang
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gui Wen Qu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zongan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jianan Ren
- PLA Key Laboratory of Trauma and Surgical Infections, Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Łabowska MB, Cierluk K, Jankowska AM, Kulbacka J, Detyna J, Michalak I. A Review on the Adaption of Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels for 3D Cultures and Bioprinting. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:858. [PMID: 33579053 PMCID: PMC7916803 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sustaining the vital functions of cells outside the organism requires strictly defined parameters. In order to ensure their optimal growth and development, it is necessary to provide a range of nutrients and regulators. Hydrogels are excellent materials for 3D in vitro cell cultures. Their ability to retain large amounts of liquid, as well as their biocompatibility, soft structures, and mechanical properties similar to these of living tissues, provide appropriate microenvironments that mimic extracellular matrix functions. The wide range of natural and synthetic polymeric materials, as well as the simplicity of their physico-chemical modification, allow the mechanical properties to be adjusted for different requirements. Sodium alginate-based hydrogel is a frequently used material for cell culture. The lack of cell-interactive properties makes this polysaccharide the most often applied in combination with other materials, including gelatin. The combination of both materials increases their biological activity and improves their material properties, making this combination a frequently used material in 3D printing technology. The use of hydrogels as inks in 3D printing allows the accurate manufacturing of scaffolds with complex shapes and geometries. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the materials used for 3D cell cultures, which are mainly alginate-gelatin hydrogels, including their properties and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena B. Łabowska
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.Ł); (A.M.J.)
| | - Karolina Cierluk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka M. Jankowska
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.Ł); (A.M.J.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Detyna
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.Ł); (A.M.J.)
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Dewi AH, Yulianto DK, Siswomihardjo W, Rochmadi R, Ana ID. Effect of Dehydrothermal Treatment on the Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Plaster of Paris–CaCO 3 Hydrogel Loaded With Cinnamaldehyde for Biomedical Purposes. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20984609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CaCO3 hydrogel incorporation into Plaster of Paris (POP) formulations decreased the resorption rate of the POP after implantation in the body. Although an inflammatory process is required as part of wound healing, the accumulation and activation of inflammatory cells in the POP–hydrogel CaCO3 implant area needs to be controlled. Therefore, cinnamaldehyde, as an anti-inflammatory agent with a unique α, β-unsaturated aldehyde, was incorporated into the CaCO3 hydrogel. During the incorporation, both the lipophilic and hydrophilic sides of the cinnamaldehyde molecule can influence the physical and mechanical properties of the CaCO3 hydrogel, in which mechanical properties of a tissue engineering scaffold are important to fine tune cellular activity during implantation. On the other hand, as a 3-dimensional polymeric structure, crosslinking is needed for the CaCO3 hydrogel to stabilize and increase its molecular weight for better mechanical strength, and more resistance to heat, wear, and solvent attack. For that purpose, dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) was applied to the crosslink hydrogel system as a favorable crosslinking method to avoid the use of a chemical agent. In this study, 3 groups of hydrogels of CaCO3, namely DHT crosslinked, loaded with cinnamaldehyde, and loaded with cinnamaldehyde followed by DHT crosslinking were developed before being combined with POP in 50 wt%. To evaluate the effect of DHT to the final POP-cinnamaldehyde-loaded CaCO3 hydrogel properties and biocompatibility, scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, surface roughness, hardness, diametral tensile strength, and in vivo biocompatibility studies were conducted. It was observed that cinnamaldehyde with DHT treatment improved the POP–hydrogel CaCO3 properties and had good biocompatibility. Thus, POP-cinnamaldehyde-loaded CaCO3 hydrogel can be a promising bone substitute containing an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Handrini Dewi
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Departement, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dedy Kusuma Yulianto
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Departement, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Widowati Siswomihardjo
- Dental Biomaterial Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rochmadi Rochmadi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ika Dewi Ana
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Departement, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Arkenberg MR, Nguyen HD, Lin CC. Recent advances in bio-orthogonal and dynamic crosslinking of biomimetic hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7835-7855. [PMID: 32692329 PMCID: PMC7574327 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01429j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, dynamic, 'click' hydrogels have been applied in numerous biomedical applications. Owing to the mild, cytocompatible, and highly specific reaction kinetics, a multitude of orthogonal handles have been developed for fabricating dynamic hydrogels to facilitate '4D' cell culture. The high degree of tunability in crosslinking reactions of orthogonal 'click' chemistry has enabled a bottom-up approach to install specific biomimicry in an artificial extracellular matrix. In addition to click chemistry, highly specific enzymatic reactions are also increasingly used for network crosslinking and for spatiotemporal control of hydrogel properties. On the other hand, covalent adaptable chemistry has been used to recapitulate the viscoelastic component of biological tissues and for formulating self-healing and shear-thinning hydrogels. The common feature of these three classes of chemistry (i.e., orthogonal click chemistry, enzymatic reactions, and covalent adaptable chemistry) is that they can be carried out under ambient and aqueous conditions, a prerequisite for maintaining cell viability for in situ cell encapsulation and post-gelation modification of network properties. Due to their orthogonality, different chemistries can also be applied sequentially to provide additional biochemical and mechanical control to guide cell behavior. Herein, we review recent advances in the use of orthogonal click chemistry, enzymatic reactions, and covalent adaptable chemistry for the development of dynamically tunable and biomimetic hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Arkenberg
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Leech DJ, Guy W, Klein S. The Polychromatic Woodburytype-Colour Tracking in Translucent, Patterned Gelatin/Pigment Films. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112468. [PMID: 32466472 PMCID: PMC7321253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Woodburytype is a 19th century photomechanical technique capable of producing high-quality continuous-tone prints. It uses pigment dispersed in gelatin to produce a 2.5D print, in which the effect of varying tone is produced by a variation in the print height. We propose a method of constructing full colour prints in this manner, using a CMY colour model. This involves the layering of multiple translucent pigmented gelatin films and tracking how the perceived colour of these stacks changes with varying height. A set of CMY inks is constructed, taking into account the optical properties of both the pigment and gelatin, and a method of translating images into these prints is detailed.
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