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Mirzai S, Carbone S, Batsis JA, Kritchevsky SB, Kitzman DW, Shapiro MD. Sarcopenic Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: An Overlooked but High-Risk Syndrome. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:532-544. [PMID: 38753289 PMCID: PMC11306598 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sarcopenic obesity (SO), defined as the coexistence of excess fat mass and reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength, has emerged as an important cardiovascular risk factor, particularly in older adults. This review summarizes recent findings on the diagnosis, prevalence, health impacts, and treatment of SO. RECENT FINDINGS Growing evidence suggests SO exacerbates cardiometabolic risk and adverse health outcomes beyond either condition alone; however, the heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria and the observational nature of most studies prohibit the evaluation of a causal relationship. This is concerning given that SO is increasing with the aging population, although that is also difficult to assess accurately given wide-ranging prevalence estimates. A recent consensus definition proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism and the European Association for the Study of Obesity provides a framework of standardized criteria to diagnose SO. Adopting uniform diagnostic criteria for SO will enable more accurate characterization of prevalence and cardiometabolic risk moving forward. Although current management revolves around diet for weight loss coupled with resistance training to mitigate further muscle loss, emerging pharmacologic therapies have shown promising results. As the global population ages, diagnosing and managing SO will become imperative to alleviate the cardiovascular burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Mirzai
- Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Salvatore Carbone
- Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, The Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dalane W Kitzman
- Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael D Shapiro
- Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Center Blvd, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Qiu W, Cai A, Li L, Feng Y. Trend in prevalence, associated risk factors, and longitudinal outcomes of sarcopenia in China: A national cohort study. J Intern Med 2024; 296:156-167. [PMID: 38801732 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the contemporary trend in the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate its risk factors and the longitudinal associations with multiple chronic conditions and mortality among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. METHODS This was a nationwide, prospective cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The definition of sarcopenia was based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 algorithm. In the cross-sectional analysis, we estimated the trend in the weighted prevalence of sarcopenia from 2011 to 2015 and examined the associated risk factors for sarcopenia severity in 2011. In the longitudinal analysis, we assessed the longitudinal associations between sarcopenia and 14 chronic conditions and mortality during a 9-year follow-up. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of sarcopenia remained consistently high in the overall population from 2011 (15.9%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 15.1, 16.6) to 2015 (15.0%, 95% CI: 14.3, 15.6; p for trend = 0.075). A range of risk factors were independently associated with the severity of sarcopenia, including older age, female sex, lower socioeconomic status, smoking status, malnutrition, and several chronic conditions. Possible sarcopenic and sarcopenic individuals had higher odds of several chronic conditions (i.e., heart disease, chronic lung disease, and memory-related disease) and increased risks of mortality (possible sarcopenia: odds ratios (OR): 1.66, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.00; sarcopenia: OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.11) in 9 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sarcopenia remained consistently high in the investigated population. Various risk factors were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia. Sarcopenic individuals had higher odds of several chronic conditions and increased risks of mortality, highlighting that the urgent need for dedicated efforts to improve the management of sarcopenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weida Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anping Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang X, Li L, Li R, Li P, Zhao H. Association between triglyceride-glucose index and sarcopenia in patients with chronic inflammatory airway disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34194. [PMID: 39071671 PMCID: PMC11283043 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This research sought to explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the risk of sarcopenia in patients with chronic inflammatory airway disease (CIAD). Methods Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Grouping was performed using TyG index tertiles and multiple logistic regression was employed to assess the correlation between TyG levels and the risk of sarcopenia. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine the prognostic value of the TyG index for sarcopenia. Linear regression analysis was utilized to elucidate the direct relationship between TyG index and sarcopenia. Additionally, the curve between the TyG and sarcopenia indices was examined using a generalized additive model. Results The study included 981 individuals diagnosed with CIAD. After adjusting for potential confounders, a significant positive correlation was observed between TyG and sarcopenia (OR = 1.70, 95 % CI: 1.20-2.39, P = 0.002). Trend analysis using the chi-square test revealed an increase in sarcopenia prevalence concomitant with higher TyG levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed a notable inverse linear association between the TyG and sarcopenia indices (β = -0.03; 95 % CI: -0.07-0.01; P = 0.020). The ROC curves corroborated the robust predictive capacity of TyG for sarcopenia among patients with CIAD, with an AUC of 0.685 (95 % CI: 0.636-0.735, P < 0.001). Conclusion Our research indicates a positive association between TyG and sarcopenia in CIAD patients. The TyG index may serve as a reliable marker for predicting sarcopenia risk in CIAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Yang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Lifang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Ruina Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030000, China
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He YY, Jin ML, Fang XY, Wang XJ. Associations of muscle mass and strength with new-onset diabetes among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS). Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:869-878. [PMID: 38507082 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of muscle mass and strength with new-onset Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain controversial. We aimed to longitudinally evaluate muscle mass and strength in predicting T2DM among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. METHODS We enrolled 6033 participants aged ≥ 45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a cohort survey, between 2011 and 2012. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (normalized by weight, ASM/BW%), relative hand grip strength (normalized by weight, HGS/BW), and five-repetition chair stand test (5CST). were all categorized into tertiles (lowest, middle, and highest groups) at baseline, respectively. Individuals were followed up until the occurrence of diabetes or the end of CHARLS 2018, whichever happened first. Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and mediation analysis were used. RESULTS During follow-up, 815 (13.5%) participants developed T2DM. After adjusting for covariates, lower ASW/BW% was not associated with a higher risk of diabetes. Compared with individuals in the highest tertile of HGS/BW, those in the lowest tertile had 1.296 (95%CI 1.073-1.567) higher risk of diabetes. Compared with individuals in the lowest tertile of 5CST, those in the highest tertile had 1.329 times (95%CI 1.106-1.596) higher risk of diabetes. By subgroup, both the lowest HGS/BW and highest 5CST were risk factors for diabetes among obesity. The mediation analysis revealed that the effect of HGS/BW on the risk of diabetes is mainly mediated by insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS Lower muscle strength is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, especially in obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun He
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Mei-Ling Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Fang
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Lyons OC, Kerr MA, Flynn MAT, Hoey L, Hughes CF, Caffrey A, Laird E, Moore K, Porter KM, Cunningham C, McCarroll K, Molloy AM, Tracey F, O'Kane M, Strain JJ, Ward M, McNulty H. Identification of nutrition factors in the metabolic syndrome and its progression over time in older adults: analysis of the TUDA cohort. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:125. [PMID: 38849940 PMCID: PMC11162058 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition is recognized as playing an important role in the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the dietary components involved are unclear. We aimed to investigate nutrition factors in relation to MetS and its progression in older adults over a follow-up period of 5.4 years. METHODS Community-dwelling adults (≥ 60y) from the Trinity-Ulster-Department-of-Agriculture study, sampled at baseline (2008-12) and follow-up (2014-18; n 953), were classified as 'with MetS' by having three or more of: waist circumference (≥ 102 cm, males; ≥ 88 cm, females); HDL-cholesterol (< 1.0 mmol/L, males; < 1.3 mmol/L, females); triglycerides (≥ 1.7 mmol/L); blood pressure (systolic ≥ 130 and/or diastolic ≥ 85 mmHg); and hemoglobin A1c (≥ 39 mmol/mol). RESULTS MetS was identified in 67% of participants, increasing to 74% at follow-up. Predictors at baseline for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) at follow-up were higher waist circumference (odds ratio [95%CI]; 1.06 [1.01-1.11]), but not BMI, and increased triglyceride concentrations (2.01 [1.29-3.16]). In dietary analysis (at follow-up), higher protein (g/kg bodyweight/day) and monounsaturated fatty acid (g/day) intakes were each associated with lower risk of MetS (0.06 [0.02-0.20] and 0.88 [0.78-1.00], respectively), whilst higher protein was also associated with lower abdominal obesity (0.10 [0.02-0.51]) and hypertension (0.22 [0.00-0.80]). Furthermore, participants with, compared to without, MetS consumed less high-quality protein foods (P = 0.006) and more low-quality protein foods (P < 0.001), as defined by the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score. CONCLUSIONS Dietary interventions targeting protein quantity and quality may have specific benefits in preventing or delaying the progression of MetS in at-risk older people, but this requires investigation in the form of randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oonagh C Lyons
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
- Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maeve A Kerr
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Mary A T Flynn
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
- Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Leane Hoey
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Catherine F Hughes
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Aoife Caffrey
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Eamon Laird
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katie Moore
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Kirsty M Porter
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Conal Cunningham
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin McCarroll
- Mercer's Institute for Research on Ageing, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fergal Tracey
- Causeway Hospital, Northern Health and Social Care Trust, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maurice O'Kane
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J J Strain
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mary Ward
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Helene McNulty
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
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Liang R, Xiang Q, Dai M, Lin T, Xie D, Song Q, Liu Y, Yue J. Identification of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase as a promising therapeutic target for sarcopenia. Aging Cell 2024:e14236. [PMID: 38838088 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a significant geriatric syndrome that involves the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Due to its substantial endocrine role, the metabolic microenvironment of skeletal muscle undergoes changes with age. Examining the pathogenesis of sarcopenia through focusing on metabolic dysregulation could offer insights for developing more effective intervention strategies. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomics data to identify specific genes involved in the regulation of metabolism in skeletal muscle during the development of sarcopenia. Three machine learning algorithms were employed to screen key target genes exhibiting strong correlations with metabolism, which were further validated using RNA-sequencing data and publicly accessible datasets. Among them, the metabolic enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) was elevated in sarcopenia, and predicted sarcopenia with an area under the curve exceeding 0.7, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia. As expected, inhibition of NNMT improved the grip strength in aging mice and alleviated age-related decline in the mass index of the quadriceps femoris muscles and whole-body lean mass index. Additionally, the NNMTi treatment increased the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) content, as well as PGC1α and p-AMPK expression in the muscles of both the D-galactose-treated mouse model and naturally aging mouse model. Overall, this work demonstrates NNMT as a promising target for preventing age-related decline in muscle mass and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Xiang
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiujiang No 1 People's Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Taiping Lin
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Xie
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quhong Song
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Cheng JJ, Liang LJ, Lee CC. Associations of appendicular lean mass and abdominal adiposity with insulin resistance in older adults: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303874. [PMID: 38753649 PMCID: PMC11098336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Loss of lean muscle mass and accumulation of adipose tissue are changes associated with aging. Previous studies have documented various components of body composition as predictors for insulin resistance. The objective of this study was to investigate whether components of body composition-appendicular lean mass (ALM) and/or abdominal fat mass (AFM)-correlate with insulin resistance in older men and women. This was a cross-sectional study of 92 older men and women. Weight was classified according to body mass index (BMI)-normal (BMI <25), overweight (BMI 25-30), and obese (BMI >30). All body composition data was determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Multivariable regression models with two-way interaction terms were employed to assess whether the associations between components of body composition and log HOMA varied by BMI categories. Adjusted regression showed that log HOMA was significantly associated with AFM (estimate ± standard error: 0.055 ± 0.026) and ALM (0.057 ± 0.029) for the overweight participants (p-values <0.05). Additionally, the adjusted associations between log HOMA and ALM were significantly greater for participants who were either obese or overweight compared to those with a normal BMI (p<0.002). Less consistent relationships were observed between insulin resistance and abdominal fat mass across BMI categories, whereas more consistent associations were observed between insulin resistance and appendicular lean mass in individuals with greater BMI. Further research is needed to clarify if lipid deposition within muscle tissue promotes muscle dysfunction and thereby increases risk for insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J. Cheng
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Li-Jung Liang
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Cathy C. Lee
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Wang Y, Mu D, Wang Y. Association of low muscle mass with cognitive function and mortality in USA seniors: results from NHANES 1999-2002. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:420. [PMID: 38734596 PMCID: PMC11088051 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia and cognitive impairment have been linked in prior research, and both are linked to an increased risk of mortality in the general population. Muscle mass is a key factor in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The relationship between low muscle mass and cognitive function in the aged population, and their combined impact on the risk of death in older adults, is currently unknown. This study aimed to explore the correlation between low muscle mass and cognitive function in the older population, and the relationship between the two and mortality in older people. METHODS Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. A total of 2540 older adults aged 60 and older with body composition measures were included. Specifically, 17-21 years of follow-up were conducted on every participant. Low muscle mass was defined using the Foundation for the National Institute of Health and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia definitions: appendicular lean mass (ALM) (< 19.75 kg for males; <15.02 kg for females); or ALM divided by body mass index (BMI) (ALM: BMI, < 0.789 for males; <0.512 for females); or appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (< 7.0 kg/m2 for males; <5.4 kg/m2 for females). Cognitive functioning was assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). The follow-up period was calculated from the NHANES interview date to the date of death or censoring (December 31, 2019). RESULTS We identified 2540 subjects. The mean age was 70.43 years (43.3% male). Age-related declines in DSST scores were observed. People with low muscle mass showed lower DSST scores than people with normal muscle mass across all age groups, especially in the group with low muscle mass characterized by ALM: BMI (60-69 years: p < 0.001; 70-79 years: p < 0.001; 80 + years: p = 0.009). Low muscle mass was significantly associated with lower DSST scores after adjusting for covariates (ALM: 43.56 ± 18.36 vs. 47.56 ± 17.44, p < 0.001; ALM: BMI: 39.88 ± 17.51 vs. 47.70 ± 17.51, p < 0.001; ASMI: 41.07 ± 17.89 vs. 47.42 ± 17.55, p < 0.001). At a mean long-term follow-up of 157.8 months, those with low muscle mass were associated with higher all-cause mortality (ALM: OR 1.460, 95% CI 1.456-1.463; ALM: BMI: OR 1.452, 95% CI 1.448-1.457); ASMI: OR 3.075, 95% CI 3.063-3.088). In the ALM: BMI and ASMI-defined low muscle mass groups, participants with low muscle mass and lower DSST scores were more likely to incur all-cause mortality ( ALM: BMI: OR 0.972, 95% CI 0.972-0.972; ASMI: OR 0.957, 95% CI 0.956-0.957). CONCLUSIONS Low muscle mass and cognitive function impairment are significantly correlated in the older population. Additionally, low muscle mass and low DSST score, alone or in combination, could be risk factors for mortality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Geriatrics Clinical Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Dongmei Mu
- Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Geriatrics Clinical Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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d'Avila JDC, Moreira El Nabbout TG, Georges Moreira El Nabbout H, Silva ADS, Barbosa Ramos Junior AC, Fonseca ERD, Santana Carlos A, de Azeredo Siqueira R. Correlation between low handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome in older adults: a systematic review. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2024; 68:e230026. [PMID: 38709150 PMCID: PMC11081056 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2023-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Muscle weakness has been associated to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in the general population. However, it is still unclear whether this association is maintained in older adults. This study investigated correlations between low handgrip strength (HGS) and metabolic syndrome, or some of its components, in older adults through a systematic review of the literature. Searches were conducted in the Virtual Health Library Regional Portal, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, MEDLINE/ PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases for relevant studiesinvestigating muscle weakness (measured by hand dynamometer) and metabolic syndrome or its components in older adult populations, published up to September 2023. From the 2050 references initially identified, 20 studies, comprising a total of 31,264 older adults of both genders, completely met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Eighteen studies showed that lower HGS was associated with metabolic syndrome or some of its risk factors, such as abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, or high blood pressure. Two studies found that older men with high blood pressure had increased HGS. Most studies included in this systematic review revealed a significant correlation between reduced HGS and metabolic syndrome or some of its components, especially abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. We conclude that below-average HGS can be associated with metabolic syndrome in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana da Costa d'Avila
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil,
| | - Talel Georges Moreira El Nabbout
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil
| | - Hayfa Georges Moreira El Nabbout
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil
| | - Aline Dos Santos Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil
| | - Antonio Carlos Barbosa Ramos Junior
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil
| | - Eliana Rosa da Fonseca
- Sistema de Bibliotecas e Informação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Aluana Santana Carlos
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo de Azeredo Siqueira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Experimental e Humana, Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-clínica, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil
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Gay-As MU, Lee SC, Lai FC. Sarcopenia Among Older People in the Philippines: A Scoping Review. Creat Nurs 2024; 30:133-144. [PMID: 38533549 DOI: 10.1177/10784535241239684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims: This review aimed to identify and map the evidence about sarcopenia among older Filipinos. Methods: Studies about sarcopenia among Filipinos aged 60 and above were included. All studies regardless of type, setting, language, and timeframe were reviewed. The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Embase, PubMed, and Health Research and Development Information Network were searched. The study was conducted per an a priori protocol and utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for scoping reviews. Results: From the 87 records identified, 20 studies published from 2013 to 2023 were eligible (≥ 5424 participants). The studies were varied; 11 cross-sectional, 2 conference lectures, 2 consensus reports, 1 meta-analysis, cohort study, case series, posthoc analysis, and continuing education. As to setting, 11 studies were conducted in the hospital and 4 in the community. On the level of prevention, 5 studies addressed the primary level, 10 studies secondary, and 2 studies both tertiary and secondary. The studies focused on: sarcopenia in a specific group (13 studies), consensus (4 studies), and education (3 studies). Conclusions: Sarcopenia studies among older Filipinos were limited. Most were hospital-based and involved patients with comorbidities. Some studies used sarcopenia assessment guidelines with Filipino normative references. Sarcopenia impacts the overall well-being of older Filipinos; hence more studies and health promotion programs are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark U Gay-As
- School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City
- College of Nursing, Benguet State University in La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines
| | - Shu-Chun Lee
- School of Gerontology and Long-term Care, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City
| | - Fu-Chih Lai
- School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City
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11
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Kim HI, Kim KJ, Kim S, Kim HD, Kim SH. Association between preoperative lumbar skeletal muscle index and postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy: a retrospective study. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2024; 19:161-168. [PMID: 38725172 PMCID: PMC11089290 DOI: 10.17085/apm.23142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is associated with postoperative complications; however, its impact on the quality of postoperative recovery, such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pain, remains unclear. We investigated the association of preoperative lumbar skeletal muscle mass index (LSMI) with PONV, postoperative pain, and complications. METHODS Medical records of 756 patients who underwent pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) were retrospectively reviewed. The skeletal muscle areas were measured on abdominal computed tomography (CT) images. LSMI was calculated by dividing the skeletal muscle area by the square of the patient's height. We analyzed the correlations between preoperative LSMI calibrated with confounding variables and PONV scores, PONV occurrence, pain scores, rescue analgesic administration, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS The median (1Q, 3Q) LSMI was 47.72 (40.74, 53.41) cm2/m2. The incidence rates of PONV according to time period were as follows: post-anesthesia care unit, 42/756 (5.6%); 0-6 h, 54/756 (7.1%); 6-24 h, 120/756 (15.9%); 24-48 h, 46/756 (6.1%); and overall, 234/756 (31.0%). The incidence of PONV was inversely correlated with LSMI 24-48 h post-surgery and overall. LSMI and PONV scores were negatively associated 6-24 h and 24-48 h post-surgery. There was no association between LSMI and postoperative pain scores, rescue analgesic administration, complications, or length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative LSMI was associated with PONV in patients undergoing PPPD. Therefore, LSMI measured on preoperative abdominal CT can be a predictive indicator of PONV. Appropriate PONV prophylaxis is necessary in patients with low LSMI before PPPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Il Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Jun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangil Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Dong Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Huang W, Deng S, Liu S, Ma Q, Cao L, Liu L, Wan H, Shen J. Association of metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study based on the NHANES. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1346669. [PMID: 38596221 PMCID: PMC11002088 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1346669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia (SP) have emerged as significant public health concerns in contemporary societies, characterized by shared pathophysiological mechanisms and interrelatedness, leading to profound health implications. In this prospective cohort study conducted within a US population, we aimed to examine the influence of MetS and SP on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Methods This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III for the years 1999-2006 and 2011-2018, and death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index (NDI) records through December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the results. Results Over a median follow-up period of 13.3 years (95% CI: 12.8-13.8), 1714 deaths were observed. The groups characterized by MetS-/SP+, MetS+/SP-, and MetS+/SP+ exhibited higher all-cause mortality rates in comparison to the MetS-/SP- group, with the MetS+/SP+ group (HR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.37-2.25) displaying the highest all-cause mortality. Increased cardiovascular mortality was observed in the MetS+/SP- (HR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.24-2.72), and MetS+/SP+ groups (HR 2.39, 95% CI: 1.32-4.35) compared to the MetS-/SP- group, whereas it was not statistically significant in the MetS-/SP+ group. However, among males and individuals aged < 60, the presence of both MetS and SP (MetS+/SP+ group) was found to be significantly associated with a higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion The coexistence of MetS and SP increased the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, particularly in males and in nonelderly populations. Individuals with either MetS or SP may require more careful management to prevent the development of other diseases and thereby reduce mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyi Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qintao Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Liting Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Heng Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, Guangdong, China
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Pan Y, Hu M, Zhao F, Ren J. Associations between low muscle mass and clinical characteristics of health population in China. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2024; 10:35-39. [PMID: 38690545 PMCID: PMC11056461 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The primary aim of this study is to discern the association between specific clinical parameters and low muscle mass (LMM). We endeavor to elucidate the determinants of LMM and the predictive potency of individual factors. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we encompassed 450 older adult Chinese participants (252 males and 198 females). Muscle mass quantifications were performed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Comprehensive data encompassing demographic details (age, sex, height, and weight) and laboratory results (complete blood count, thyroid function, liver function, and renal function) were systematically recorded. Logistic regression models, coupled with receiver operating characteristic curve analytics, were employed to ascertain the variables influencing LMM and to evaluate the predictive validity of each parameter on LMM. Results Upon confounding adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and free thyroxine (FT4) persisted as a determinant of LMM. Specifically, individuals with an FT4 exceeding 1.105 ng/dL exhibited a 1.803-fold increased propensity for LMM relative to those with FT4 values below the specified threshold. Incorporating age, gender, BMI, and FT4 in the diagnostic algorithm enhanced the precision of LMM. The results differ between men and women. In the male population, we can still observe that FT4 has a certain value in the diagnosis of LMM, but this phenomenon is not found in the female population. Conclusions Elevated FT4 concentrations, albeit within clinically accepted limits, are inversely associated with muscle mass. As such, FT4 could be postulated as a potential biomarker for LMM in geriatric individuals, especially in the male group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Pan
- Department of General Medicine, Huzhou Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou, Zhejing, 313000, China
| | - Mengjie Hu
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejing, 310003, China
| | - Feimin Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejing, 313000, China
| | - Jingjing Ren
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejing, 310003, China
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14
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Chrysavgis L, Adamantou M, Angelousi A, Cholongitas E. The association of testosterone with sarcopenia and frailty in chronic liver disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14108. [PMID: 37837304 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testosterone is an important anabolic hormone responsible for maintaining body composition and muscle mass and circulates mostly albumin-bound, or sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)-bound or free in the plasma. Of these fractions, the latter is bioactive and exerts the androgenic effects on male population. Liver cirrhosis, the advanced stage of any chronic liver disease characterized by permanent distortions to the hepatic architecture, disrupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to diminished levels of free testosterone and hypogonadism. METHODS We retrieved the PubMed database to provide a synopsis of testosterone's physiology and action and summarize the effect of sarcopenia in pre-cirrhotic and cirrhotic patients. Moreover, we scoped to provide insight into the relationship of testosterone levels with sarcopenia, frailty and survival in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic population as well as to discuss the efficacy of exogenous testosterone supplementation on the anthropometric parameters and survival of those patients. RESULTS Low testosterone levels have been associated with sarcopenia, reduced body lean mass, decreased bone mineral density and frailty, thus leading to increased morbidity and mortality especially among cirrhotic patients. Furthermore, exogenous testosterone administration significantly ameliorated body composition on patients with chronic hepatic disease, without significant adverse effects. However, the current literature does not suggest any significant effect on survival of those patients. Moreover, the long-term safety of testosterone use remains an open question. CONCLUSION Low serum testosterone is strongly correlated with sarcopenia, frailty, higher rate of hepatic decompensation and mortality. Nonetheless, exogenous supplementation of testosterone did not ameliorate the liver-related outcomes and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lampros Chrysavgis
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Magdalini Adamantou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Angelousi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Cholongitas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
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15
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Soh J, Raventhiran S, Lee JH, Lim ZX, Goh J, Kennedy BK, Maier AB. The effect of glycine administration on the characteristics of physiological systems in human adults: A systematic review. GeroScience 2024; 46:219-239. [PMID: 37851316 PMCID: PMC10828290 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional decline of physiological systems during ageing leads to age-related diseases. Dietary glycine increases healthy lifespan in model organisms and might decrease inflammation in humans, suggesting its geroprotective potential. This review summarises the evidence of glycine administration on the characteristics of eleven physiological systems in adult humans. Databases were searched using key search terms: 'glycine', 'adult', 'supplementation'/ 'administration'/ 'ingestion'/ 'treatment'. Glycine was administered to healthy and diseased populations (18 and 34 studies) for up to 14 days and 4 months, respectively. The nervous system demonstrated the most positive effects, including improved psychiatric symptoms from longer-term glycine administration in psychiatric populations. While longer-term glycine administration improved sleep in healthy populations, these studies had small sample sizes with a high risk of bias. Larger and long-term studies with more robust study designs in healthy populations to examine the effects of glycine administration on preventing, delaying or reversing the ageing process are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janjira Soh
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shivaanishaa Raventhiran
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasinda H Lee
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zi Xiang Lim
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jorming Goh
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore.
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van Der Boechorstsraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands.
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16
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Hyun J, Lee SY, Ryu B, Jeon YJ. A Combination Study of Pre- and Clinical Trial: Seaweed Consumption Reduces Aging-Associated Muscle Loss! Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0927. [PMID: 38029400 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed consumption in Asian food cultures may benefit longevity and age-related conditions like sarcopenia with aging. However, sarcopenia lacks a definitive treatment, and pharmaceutical options have limitations in efficacy and safety. Recent studies on aging female mice found that Ishige okamurae (IO), a brown algae, and its active compound diphloroethohydroxycarmalol improved sarcopenia. Further research is needed to understand the effects of seaweed consumption on sarcopenia in humans. This clinical trial divided participants into a test group (receiving 500 mg/kg IO supplementation, mean±SD; age 62.73±7.18 years, n=40) and a control group (age 63.10±7.06 years, n=40). Hazard analysis assessed vital signs and muscle strength improvement during the trial. Additionally, 12-month-old mice were oral-fed IO at different doses (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) for 6-weeks. Aging and muscle-wasting related markers were evaluated, including grip strength, body weight and compositions, serum-parameters, and molecular-changes. The clinical trial found no significant changes in toxicity-parameters between the groups (p<0.05) after 12-weeks of IO supplementation. The IO group exhibited a remarkable increase in lower-limb quadriceps muscle-strength compared to the control (p=0.002). Furthermore, IO treatment improved age-related decline in quadriceps strength in the subgroup; under 61-years-old (p=0.004), without significant differences in foot-dominancy between groups (p=0.171). In 12-month-old male mice, IO administration improved age-related deficiencies in grip strength (p>0.0001) and testosterone (p=0.0001). Muscular regeneration parameters, such as lean-mass (p>0.0001), inhibition of proteolysis (measured by changes in myogenin and atrogin-1 protein expressions), cross-sectional myofiber area (p>0.0001), number of satellite cells (p=0.0001), and increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes in muscle tissue indicative of mitochondrial biogenesis, were also improved by IO administration. This trial is the first to explore the positive association between consuming brown-algae IO and age-related decreases in muscle strength. IO treatment helps maintain muscle mass and delays muscle wasting during aging, suggesting it as a potent nutritional strategy to protect against aging-associated sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Hyun
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeoup Lee
- Integrated Research Institute for Natural Ingredients and Functional Foods, Department of Family Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, and Integrated Research Institute for Natural Ingredients and Functional Foods, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Education, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bomi Ryu
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Ahn BC, Park CY, Hong JH, Baek KO. Association between total body muscle percentage and prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults findings from an 18-year follow-up: a prospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2023; 40:S47-S55. [PMID: 37641557 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2023.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to elucidate the association between total lean muscle mass and the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the adult Korean population. METHODS Utilizing data derived from the 18-year prospective cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, NAFLD was diagnosed via the hepatic steatosis index with an established cutoff value of 36. Lean muscle mass was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis and subsequently divided into tertiles. A generalized mixed model with a logit link was employed for repeated measures data analysis, accounting for potential confounders. RESULTS Analysis encompassed 7,794 participants yielding 49,177 measurements. The findings revealed a markedly increased incidence of NAFLD in the lower tertiles of muscle mass, specifically, tertile 1 (odds ratio [OR], 20.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.66-44.11) and tertile 2 (OR, 4.57; 95% CI, 2.11-9.91), in comparison to tertile 3. Age-dependent decreases in the OR were observed within the tertile 1 group, with ORs of 10.12 at age of 40 years and 4.96 at age of 80 years. Moreover, each 1%-point increment in total muscle mass corresponded with an estimated OR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82-0.93) for NAFLD resolution. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates a significant association between total muscle mass and NAFLD prevalence among Korean adults. Given the potential endocrine role of muscle mass in NAFLD pathogenesis, interventions aimed at enhancing muscle mass might serve as an effective public health strategy for mitigating NAFLD prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Chan Ahn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chul Yong Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Hong
- Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki Ook Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Salinas-Mandujano RG, Reynoso-Camacho R, Salgado LM, Ramos-Gomez M, Pérez-Ramírez IF, Aguilar-Galarza A, Moreno-Celis U, Anaya-Loyola MA. A New Approach Using BMI and FMI as Predictors of Cardio-Vascular Risk Factors among Mexican Young Adults. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2063-2081. [PMID: 37887147 PMCID: PMC10606082 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to identify accurate cut-off points for waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI), and to determine their effective accuracy to predict cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among Mexican young adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1730 Mexican young adults. Adiposity measures and CVRFs were assessed under fasting conditions. The optimal cut-off points were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Age-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were used to assess the associations between anthropometric measurements and CVRFs. The cut-off values found, in females and males, respectively, for high WC (≥72.3 and ≥84.9), high BF% (≥30 and ≥22.6), high BMI (≥23.7 and ≥24.4), high FMI (≥7.1 and ≥5.5), and low FFMI (≤16 and ≤18.9) differ from those set by current guidelines. High BMI in women, and high FMI in men, assessed by the 50th percentile, had the best discriminatory power in detecting CVRFs, especially high triglycerides (OR: 3.07, CI: 2.21-4.27 and OR: 3.05, CI: 2.28-4.08, respectively). Therefore, these results suggest that BMI and FMI measures should be used to improve the screening of CVRFs in Mexican young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Guadalupe Salinas-Mandujano
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Luis Miguel Salgado
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Queretaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Minerva Ramos-Gomez
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Iza F. Pérez-Ramírez
- Department of Food Science, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Queretaro, C. U., Cerro de las Campanas, S/N, Queretaro 76010, Mexico; (R.G.S.-M.)
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Galarza
- Department of Studies in Human Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias, S/N., Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jauregui, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Ulisses Moreno-Celis
- Department of Studies in Human Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias, S/N., Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jauregui, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Miriam Aracely Anaya-Loyola
- Department of Studies in Human Nutrition, School of Natural Science, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Av. de las Ciencias, S/N., Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jauregui, Queretaro 76230, Mexico
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Pinheiro LCHT, Rossi M, dos Santos CAF, Oliveira LVF, Vencio S, de Paula Vieira R, Juliano Y, Armond J, Silva CHM, Fonseca AL, França CN, Bachi ALL. Prevalence of associations among sarcopenia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in Brazilian older adults. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1206545. [PMID: 37746072 PMCID: PMC10514480 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1206545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although aging is a process associated with the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and sarcopenia, the prevalence of these conditions in older adults from São Paulo, Brazil, is unclear. Methods Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of obesity, sarcopenia, and MetS, both separately and together, in a community-based sample of older adults from São Paulo, Brazil. Data from the medical records of 418 older adults of both genders, aged 60 years or older (mean age 69.3 ± 6.5 years), who were not physically active, were used to conduct this retrospective cross-sectional study. Anthropometric variables were used to determine both body mass index (BMI) and Conicity index (C index). Sarcopenia and MetS were defined according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and by the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, respectively. Results Based on BMI, the group of older men (n = 91) showed a predominance of adequate weight (n = 49) and the group of older women (n = 327) showed a predominance of obesity (n = 181). In association with obesity, while only the group of older women presented with sarcopenia (n = 5), 52 older women and 9 older men presented with MetS, and two older women presented with sarcopenia + MetS [prevalence ratio = 0.0385, 95% CI (0.007;0.1924)]. Based on the C index, 58 older women and 11 older men presented with MetS, while the occurrence of sarcopenia or MetS + sarcopenia was found in 32 and 5 older women, respectively [prevalence ratio = 0.0910, 95% CI (0.037;0.2241)]. Discussion Our results suggest that obesity, as measured by BMI or the C Index, was more closely associated with the occurrence of MetS than sarcopenia, regardless of gender, and also that sarcopenic obesity was only found in the group of older women. Additionally, the prevalence ratio of obesity, sarcopenia, and MetS evidenced using the C index was 2.3 times higher than the values found using the BMI classification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Rossi
- Post-graduation Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos André Freitas dos Santos
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Vicente Franco Oliveira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Sergio Vencio
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Science of Human and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil
| | - Yara Juliano
- Post-graduation Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jane Armond
- Post-graduation Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Hassel Mendes Silva
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Adriano Luís Fonseca
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation Post Graduation Program, Evangelical University of Goiás (UniEVANGELICA), Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nunes França
- Post-graduation Program in Health Science, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
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Bunte K, Wiessner C, Bahat G, Erdogan T, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Zapf A. Association of periodontitis with handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged US adults from NHANES 2013-2014. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1909-1916. [PMID: 37386343 PMCID: PMC10460310 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationship between periodontitis and sarcopenia parameters in middle-aged adults is largely unexplored. This study investigated the association between periodontitis and combined handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sub-cohort of 1912 individuals with complete periodontal and whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry examinations from the 2013-2014 wave of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 10,175) were analyzed using fully adjusted multiple linear regression models for associations between periodontitis and skeletal muscle mass index (kg/m2) and combined handgrip strength (kg). RESULTS The mean age of the study cohort was 43 (± 8.4) years and 49.4% of the participants were male. In total, 612 participants (32%) were determined to have periodontitis, of which 513 (26.8%) had non-severe (mild or moderate) periodontitis, and 99 (5.2%) had severe periodontitis. In unadjusted regression models, both non-severe and severe periodontitis were associated with SMMI (βnon-severe = 1.01, 95% CI 0.50; 1.52 and βsevere = 1.42, 95% CI 0.59; 2.25) but not with cHGS. After adjusting for age, sex, education, body mass index, bone mineral density, diabetic status, education, total energy intake, total protein intake, and serum vitamin D2 + D3, periodontitis was associated with cHGS (βnon-severe = -2.81, 95% CI - 4.7; - 1.15 and βsevere = - 2.73, 95% CI - 6.31; 0.83). The association between periodontitis and SMMI remained for non-severe periodontitis (βnon-severe = 0.07, 95% CI - 0.26; 0.40 and βsevere = 0.22, 95% CI - 0.34; 0.78). CONCLUSION The present study highlights the need of further prospective research to investigate the nature and direction of the relationship between periodontitis and sarcopenia indicators. Future studies can support the screening, prevention and clinical management of sarcopenia and periodontitis, and emphasize the interdisciplinary and complementary approach between the disciplines of geriatric medicine and periodontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Bunte
- The Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Christoph-Probst-Weg 1, 4th Floor, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Wiessner
- The Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Christoph-Probst-Weg 1, 4th Floor, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gülistan Bahat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugba Erdogan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Division of Geriatrics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Antonia Zapf
- The Center for Experimental Medicine, Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Christoph-Probst-Weg 1, 4th Floor, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Lee SY, Beom J, Choi JH, Jang HC, Kim E, Kim K, Kim M, Shim GY, Won CW, Lim JY. Effectiveness and clinical application of multidisciplinary combined exercise and nutrition intervention for sarcopenic older adults with metabolic syndrome: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070252. [PMID: 37451728 PMCID: PMC10351268 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among chronic diseases affecting older adults, metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known to be closely related to sarcopenia. Insulin resistance may play a key role in the increased frequency of sarcopenia associated with metabolic disorders. To date, an exercise-nutrition combined intervention has been the treatment of choice for sarcopenia. However, trials of combined interventions for individuals with sarcopenia and MetS are still lacking. This study aims to develop and conduct a standardised intervention, named the Multidisciplinary combined Exercise and Nutrition inTervention fOR Sarcopenia (MENTORS), for sarcopenic older patients with MetS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This multicentre, randomised controlled trial includes 168 community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia and MetS. The 12-week MENTORS comprises an exercise intervention consisting of an introductory phase (3 weeks; twice-weekly visits), an expanded phase (3 weeks; twice-weekly visits) and a maintenance phase (6 weeks; once-weekly visits); and a nutrition intervention tailored to the nutritional status of individual subjects. Outcomes will be measured at 0-week, 12-week and 24-week postintervention. The data will be analysed using the intention-to-treat and per-protocol principle. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Before screening, all participants will be provided with oral and written information. Ethical approval has already been obtained from all participating hospitals. The study results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04948736.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jaewon Beom
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jun Hwan Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Jeju-do, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - EunYoung Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Keewon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Jongno-gu, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Ga Yang Shim
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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22
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Kim TH, Jeong CW, Lee C, Noh S, Lim DW, Kim JW, Kim HJ, Kim YR. Association between Body Composition Contents and Hepatic Fibrosis in Sarcopenic Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4279. [PMID: 37445314 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that sarcopenic obesity (SO) is linked to many diseases such as metabolic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, but there is little known about the relationship between SO and hepatic fibrosis progression in chronic liver disease. This study compared body composition contents in patients with non-obesity (NOb) and SO using abdominal magnetic resonance imaging and investigated the relationship between hepatic fibrosis and SO factors. This retrospective study enrolled 60 patients (28 NOb; 32 SO) from June 2014 to December 2020. Patients underwent histopathologic investigation where they classified fibrosis stages based on the Meta-analysis of Histological Data in Viral Hepatitis fibrosis scoring system. Muscle and fat areas at the third lumber vertebra level were assessed. The variation in the areas of muscle (MA), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) among fibrosis stages, and associations between hepatic fibrosis and SO factors, were analyzed. There were significant differences in SAT and VAT (p < 0.001), whereas there was no difference in MA (p = 0.064). There were significant differences in MA/SAT (p = 0.009), MA/VAT (p < 0.001), and MA/(SAT+VAT) (p < 0.001). In all the patients, hepatic fibrosis positively correlated with serum aspartate aminotransferase level (AST, R = 0.324; p = 0.025). Especially in SO patients, hepatic fibrosis closely correlated with body mass index (BMI, R = 0.443; p = 0.011), AST (R = 0.415; p = 0.044), VAT (R = 0.653; p < 0.001), MA/VAT (R = -0.605; p < 0.001), and MA/(SAT+VAT) (R = -0.416; p = 0.018). However, there was no association in NOb patients. This study demonstrated that SO patients had larger SAT and VAT than NOb patients. Hepatic fibrosis in SO positively correlated with body visceral fat composition in combination with BMI and AST level. These findings will be useful for understanding the relationship between the hepatic manifestation of fibrosis and body fat composition in sarcopenia and SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Kim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Jeong
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - ChungSub Lee
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - SiHyeong Noh
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Lim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chosun University Hospital of Medicine, Chosun University College, Gwangju 61453, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Youe Ree Kim
- Department of Radiology, Wonkwang University Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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23
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Chen M, Cao Y, Ji G, Zhang L. Lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and sarcopenia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1217249. [PMID: 37424859 PMCID: PMC10327437 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1217249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world. The risk factor for NAFLD is often considered to be obesity, but it can also occur in people with lean type, which is defined as lean NAFLD. Lean NAFLD is commonly associated with sarcopenia, a progressive loss of muscle quantity and quality. The pathological features of lean NAFLD such as visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic inflammation are inducers of sarcopenia, whereas loss of muscle mass and function further exacerbates ectopic fat accumulation and lean NAFLD. Therefore, we discussed the association of sarcopenia and lean NAFLD, summarized the underlying pathological mechanisms, and proposed potential strategies to reduce the risks of lean NAFLD and sarcopenia in this review.
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24
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Mohamed Haris NH, Krishnasamy S, Chin KY, Mariappan V, Arumugam M. Metabolic Syndrome Screening and Nutritional Status of Patients with Psoriasis: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2707. [PMID: 37375611 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with plaque psoriasis have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. However, no studies have assessed the nutritional status or screening methods of this population. Aims: This review aimed to identify and summarise metabolic syndrome screening criteria and the tools/methods used in nutrition assessment in patients with plaque psoriasis. Data synthesis: PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2023, following the Arkensey and O'Malley framework, to identify articles that report nutritional assessment methods/tools and metabolic screening criteria. Twenty-one studies were identified. Overall, these studies used four different screening criteria to define metabolic syndrome. Patients with psoriasis had a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and had a poor nutritional status compared to controls. However, only anthropometric measures such as weight, height and waist circumference were employed to determine the nutritional status. Only two studies assessed the vitamin D status. Conclusions: Patients with psoriasis have a poor nutritional status, and they are at risk of nutrient deficiencies. However, these health aspects are not routinely assessed and may increase the risk of malnutrition among these patients. Therefore, additional assessments, such as body composition and dietary assessment, are needed to determine the nutritional status to provide a suitable intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hanisah Mohamed Haris
- Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Shanthi Krishnasamy
- Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Vanitha Mariappan
- Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Mohan Arumugam
- Internal Medicine & Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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25
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Hortobágyi T, Vetrovsky T, Brach JS, van Haren M, Volesky K, Radaelli R, Lopez P, Granacher U. Effects of Exercise Training on Muscle Quality in Older Individuals: A Systematic Scoping Review with Meta-Analyses. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:41. [PMID: 37278947 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00585-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quantity and quality of skeletal muscle are important determinants of daily function and metabolic health. Various forms of physical exercise can improve muscle function, but this effect can be inconsistent and has not been systematically examined across the health-neurological disease continuum. The purpose of this systematic scoping review with meta-analyses was to determine the effects and potential moderators of exercise training on morphological and neuromuscular muscle quality (MMQ, NMQ) in healthy older individuals. In addition and in the form of a scoping review, we examined the effects of exercise training on NMQ and MMQ in individuals with neurological conditions. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in the electronic databases Medline, Embase, and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials were included that examined the effects of exercise training on muscle quality (MQ) in older individuals with and without neurological conditions. Risk of bias and study quality were assessed (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0). We performed random-effects models using robust variance estimation and tested moderators using the approximate Hotelling-Zhang test. RESULTS Thirty studies (n = 1494, 34% females) in healthy older individuals and no studies in individuals with neurological conditions were eligible for inclusion. Exercise training had small effects on MMQ (g = 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03-0.40, p = 0.029). Heterogeneity was low (median I2 = 16%). Training and demographic variables did not moderate the effects of exercise on MMQ. There was no association between changes in MMQ and changes in functional outcomes. Exercise training improved NMQ (g = 0.68, 95% CI 0.35-1.01, p < 0.000) across all studies, in particular in higher-functioning older individuals (g = 0.72, 95% CI 0.38-1.06, p < 0.001), in lower extremity muscles (g = 0.74, 95% CI 0.35-1.13, p = 0.001), and after resistance training (g = 0.91; 95% CI 0.42-1.41, p = 0.001). Heterogeneity was very high (median I2 = 79%). Of the training and demographic variables, only resistance training moderated the exercise-effects on NMQ. High- versus low-intensity exercise moderated the exercise-effects on NMQ, but these effects were considered unreliable due to a low number of studies at high intensity. There was no association between changes in NMQ and changes in functional outcomes. CONCLUSION Exercise training has small effects on MMQ and medium-large effects on NMQ in healthy older individuals. There was no association between improvements in MQ and increases in muscle strength, mobility, and balance. Information on dose-response relations following training is currently lacking. There is a critical gap in muscle quality data for older individuals with lower function and neurological conditions after exercise training. Health practitioners should use resistance training to improve muscle function in older individuals. Well-designed studies are needed to examine the relevance of exercise training-induced changes in MQ in daily function in older individuals, especially to those with lower function and neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Hortobágyi
- Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Sport Research, Sports University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Tomas Vetrovsky
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jennifer S Brach
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martijn van Haren
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Krystof Volesky
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Regis Radaelli
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, CIPER, University of Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lopez
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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26
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佟 玲, 马 晓, 田 梅, 丁 文. [Relationship between skeletal muscle mass index and metabolic phenotypes of obesity in adolescents]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:457-462. [PMID: 37272170 PMCID: PMC10247192 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2211005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the relationship between skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and metabolic phenotypes of obesity in adolescents, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of adolescent obesity and related metabolic diseases. METHODS A total of 1 352 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years were randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling in Yinchuan City from October 2017 to September 2020, and they were surveyed using questionnaires, physical measurements, body composition measurements, and laboratory tests. According to the diagnostic criteria for metabolic abnormalities and the definition of obesity based on the body mass index, the subjects were divided into four metabolic phenotypes: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically unhealthy normal weight, and metabolically unhealthy obesity. The association between SMI and the metabolic phenotypes was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The SMI level in the metabolically unhealthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, and metabolically unhealthy obesity groups was lower than that in the metabolically healthy normal weight group (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender and age, a higher SMI level was a protective factors for adolescents to develop metabolic unhealthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, and metabolically unhealthy obesity phenotypes (OR=0.74, 0.60, and 0.54, respectively; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Increasing SMI can reduce the risk of the development of metabolic unhealthy/obesity.
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27
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Joo SK, Kim W. Interaction between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Mol Hepatol 2023; 29:S68-S78. [PMID: 36472051 PMCID: PMC10029947 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2022.0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are common health problems related to aging. Despite the differences in their diagnostic methods, several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have revealed the close link between sarcopenia and NAFLD. Sarcopenia and NAFLD are linked by several shared pathogenetic mechanisms, including insulin resistance, hormonal imbalance, systemic inflammation, myostatin and adiponectin dysregulation, nutritional deficiencies, and physical inactivity, thus implicating a bidirectional relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD. However, there is not sufficient data to support a direct causal relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD. Moreover, it is currently difficult to conclude whether sarcopenia is a risk factor for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or is a consequence of NASH. Therefore, this review intends to touch on the shared common mechanisms and the bidirectional relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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28
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Kumar R, Prakash SS, Priyadarshi RN, Anand U. Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: A Metabolic Perspective. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:1213-1222. [PMID: 36381104 PMCID: PMC9634780 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a condition of low muscle mass, quality, and strength, is commonly found in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes including reduction in quality of life, increased mortality, and complications. A major contributor to sarcopenia in CLD is the imbalance in muscle protein turnover wherein changes in various metabolic factors such as hyperammonemia, amino acid deprivation, hormonal imbalance, gut dysbiosis, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, etc. have important roles. In particular, hyperammonemia is a key mediator of the liver-gut axis and is known to contribute to sarcopenia by various mechanisms including increased expression of myostatin, increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2a, cataplerosis of α-ketoglutarate, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species that decrease protein synthesis and increased autophagy-mediated proteolysis. Skeletal muscle is a major organ of insulin-induced glucose metabolism, and sarcopenia is closely linked to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Patients with liver cirrhosis are in a hypermetabolic state that is associated with catabolism and depletion of amino acids, particularly branched-chain amino acids. Sarcopenia can have significant implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the most common form of CLD worldwide, because of the close link between metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia. This review discusses the potential metabolic derangement as a cause or effect of sarcopenia in CLD, as well as interorgan crosstalk, which that might help identifying a novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
- Correspondence to: Ramesh Kumar, Department of Gastroenterology, fourth floor, OPD Block, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 801507, India. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5136-4865. Tel: +91-7765803112, Fax: +91-11-26588663, E-mail:
| | - Sabbu Surya Prakash
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | | | - Utpal Anand
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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Chen L, Wu J, Ren W, Li X, Luo M, Hu Y. The Relationship between Skeletal Muscle Mass and Bone Mass at Different Sites in Older Adults. ANNALS OF NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2022; 79:256-262. [PMID: 36521447 DOI: 10.1159/000528585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been well recognized that sarcopenia is closely related with osteoporosis, while the relationship between bone mass at different sites and muscle mass remains largely unexplored. This study aims to explore the relationship between bone mass at different sites and skeletal muscle mass in older adults. METHODS A total of 228 patients over 65 years old were enrolled in this study, and then 180 valid participants with accessible dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning data and absence of malignant tumors, mobility disorders, serious liver and kidney disease, and cardiac insufficiency were selected (138 male and 42 female). These individuals were further divided into control group and low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) group. DXA scanning was used to access skeletal muscle mass and bone mass. SMI or body mass index was defined as appendicular muscle mass or weight divided by squared height, respectively. Low SMI <7.0 kg/m2 in male or <5.4 kg/m2 in female was defined as low SMI; while the bone density score at or below 2.5 standard deviations (T-score) below normal peak bone values, was regarded as osteoporosis. RESULTS The average age of enrolled patients was 82.72 years; the ratios of osteoporosis, low SMI, and low SMI with osteoporosis were 48.8%, 23.3%, and 15.0%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the prevalence of osteoporosis was higher, and the total bone mass and bone mass at various sites including limbs, spine, and pelvis, were all lower in low SMI group. Correlation analysis showed that SMI was positively related with total bone mass and bone mass at various sites. Covariance analysis showed that only total bone mass and appendicular bone mass decreased with decreasing SMI. After multiple adjustment, osteoporosis was positively related with the prevalence of low SMI, as evidenced by logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 1.33, 95% confidential interval: 1.04-3.24, p = 0.045). Furthermore, compared with the highest quartile of appendicular bone mass, the lowest quartile was related with the increasing prevalence of low SMI (odds ratio = 7.29, 95% confidential interval: 1.21-67.45, p = 0.042). CONCLUSION Compared with the other sites, the bone mass reduction at limbs of older adults was positively associated with skeletal muscle loss. It may be more beneficial to increase bone mass at the limbs for improved sarcopenia prevention and therapy. Further investigations are needed to explore the effects of other confounders (e.g., energy, calcium and vitamin D intake, and physical activity) on the osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiying Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hu Y, Peng W, Ren R, Wang Y, Wang G. Sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment among elderly adults: The first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2944-2952. [PMID: 36058563 PMCID: PMC9745544 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly adults in China remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the association based on a nationally representative large-scale survey. METHODS The study used two waves of data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 and 2018. All subjects met the inclusion criteria were classified based on Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Aging-associated cognitive decline is used to define MCI, and cognitive function is measured based on four dimensions: orientation, computation, memory, and drawing. OLS and logistic regression model were conducted to analyse the cross-sectional association between sarcopenia and different cognitive functions. Logistic regression model was conducted to analyse the longitudinal association between sarcopenia and MCI. RESULTS Totally, 5715 participants aged over 60 years (43.8% women; mean age 67.3 ± 6.0 years) were enrolled in a cross-sectional association study in 2015, and further 2982 elderly adults were followed up in 2018. During the period, sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia increased from 8.5% to 29.6%. Scores of cognitive and four dimensions (orientation, computation, memory, and drawing) exhibited a decreasing trend from non-sarcopenia to sarcopenia (P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted OLS regression model, scores of four dimensions were lower in possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia groups when compared with the non-sarcopenia group (P < 0.05) respectively. The incidence of MCI was 10.1%, 16.5%, and 24.2% for non-sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, and sarcopenia groups from 2015 to 2018, with a significantly statistical difference (P < 0.001). Logistic regression model revealed an odds ratio of 1.43 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.91, P = 0.017] for the possible sarcopenia group and 1.72 (95% CI: 1.04-2.85, P = 0.035) for sarcopenia group when compared with the non-sarcopenia group. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenia is associated with worse cognitive impairment, which provided new evidence for a strong association that warrants further research into mechanistic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisong Hu
- National Survey Research Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Peng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rujing Ren
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yin M, Zhang H, Liu Q, Ding F, Hou L, Deng Y, Cui T, Han Y, Chen Y, Huang C, Yue J, He Y. Determination of skeletal muscle mass by aspartate aminotransferase / alanine aminotransferase ratio, insulin and FSH in Chinese women with sarcopenia. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:893. [PMID: 36419004 PMCID: PMC9682777 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle disorder that involves a loss of muscle mass or strength and physiological function. Skeletal muscle deteriorates in both quantity and quality. The endocrine system is an important regulator of muscle metabolism. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between biochemical markers and muscle mass in sarcopenia. METHODS We used the AWGS 2014 as the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, considering both the loss in muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. A total of 2837 elderly female participants over 50 years of age from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study were included. Insulin, glucose, 25(OH)VD, procalcitonin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, prealbumin, albumin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, free tetraiodothyronine, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, cortisol, and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured. Based on the findings of univariate analysis, multivariate regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were established. RESULTS Participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower free triiodothyronine, insulin, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, albumin/prealbumin ratio (A/G), alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, and very low-density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05). Compared with those without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia had significantly higher free tetraiodothyronine, cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT), and high-density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05). Insulin (OR = 0.854), FSH (OR = 1.016), and the AST/ALT ratio (OR = 1.819) were independent risk factors for low muscle mass (P < 0.001). The AUC of insulin was the highest, followed by the AST/ALT ratio and FSH (0.691, 0.671, and 0.634, respectively), and the AUC of the mixture of the above three reached 0.736. CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional study of elderly Chinese females aged over 50 years from the WCHAT, FSH, insulin, and AST/ALT ratio were associated with sarcopenia and risk factors for low muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yin
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - He Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Qianhui Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Fei Ding
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Lisha Hou
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yiping Deng
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Tao Cui
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yixian Han
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Yijun Chen
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Chen Huang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China
| | - Jirong Yue
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yong He
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
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The Association of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass with Complex Distal Radius Fracture. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195581. [PMID: 36233449 PMCID: PMC9570584 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle loss disease with adverse outcomes, including falls, mortality, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older patients. Distal radius fractures (DRF), common in older people, are strongly related to falls. We aimed to investigate the correlation between DRF and low skeletal muscle mass, which strongly correlated to sarcopenia. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of data from patients diagnosed with or without DRF in our institute between 2015 and 2020. Finally, after propensity score matching, data from 115 patients with and 115 patients without DRF were used for analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for sex, body mass index (BMI), the presence of low skeletal muscle mass, bone quality measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, CVD). Results: We found that female sex (odds ratio = 3.435, p = 0.015), CVD (odds ratio = 5.431, p < 0.001) and low skeletal muscle mass (odds ratio = 8.062, p = 0.001) were significant predictors for DRF. BMI and osteoporosis were not statistically significantly related to DRF. Conclusions: Women with low skeletal muscle mass and CVD may be more responsible for DRF than osteoporosis.
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Kumar R, García-Compeán D, Maji T. Hepatogenous diabetes: Knowledge, evidence, and skepticism. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1291-1306. [PMID: 36158904 PMCID: PMC9376767 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i7.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The diabetogenic potential of liver cirrhosis (LC) has been known for a long time, and the name "hepatogenous diabetes" (HD) was coined in 1906 to define the condition. Diabetes mellitus (DM) that develops as a consequence of LC is referred to as HD. In patients with LC, the prevalence rates of HD have been reported to vary from 21% to 57%. The pathophysiological basis of HD seems to involve insulin resistance (IR) and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. The neurohormonal changes, endotoxemia, and chronic inflammation of LC initially create IR; however, the toxic effects eventually lead to β-cell dysfunction, which marks the transition from impaired glucose tolerance to HD. In addition, a number of factors, including sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, gut dysbiosis, and hyperammonemia, have recently been linked to impaired glucose metabolism in LC. DM is associated with complications and poor outcomes in patients with LC, although the individual impact of each type 2 DM and HD is unknown due to a lack of categorization of diabetes in most published research. In fact, there is much skepticism within scientific organizations over the recognition of HD as a separate disease and a consequence of LC. Currently, T2DM and HD are being treated in a similar manner although no standardized guidelines are available. The different pathophysiological basis of HD may have an impact on treatment options. This review article discusses the existence of HD as a distinct entity with high prevalence rates, a strong pathophysiological basis, clinical and therapeutic implications, as well as widespread skepticism and knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 801507, Bihar, India
| | - Diego García-Compeán
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, México, Monterrey 64700, México
| | - Tanmoy Maji
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna 801507, Bihar, India
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Association of the triglyceride-glucose index with weight-adjusted appendicular lean mass in Chinese adolescents aged 12-18 years old. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11160. [PMID: 35778446 PMCID: PMC9249753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no study exploring the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adolescents. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the association between TyG index and appendicular lean mass (ALM) in Chinese adolescents. In this study, 1336 adolescents (805 boys, 60.25%) aged 12-18 years in China were randomly selected through a stratified cluster sampling. According to the tertiles of TyG index, we separated all participants into three groups, and LM was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. The TyG index was negatively related to ALM/weight in Chinese adolescents whether stratified by gender (boys: β = - 0.293; girls: β = - 0.195; all P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and BMI, a significant correlation between the TyG index and ALM/weight was observed only in boys (β = - 0.169, P = 0.001). The highest TyG index tertile was significantly associated with low ALM/weight after adjusting for all covariates in the full sample (OR = 3.04, 95% CI 1.12-8.26, P = 0.029) and boys (OR = 4.68, 95% CI 1.22-17.95, P = 0.025) only in overweight/obese group. Our findings suggested elevated levels of TyG index may be a risk factor of low ALM/weight in Chinese adolescents, especially in boys.
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Papadopoulos E, Helal AA, Jin R, Monginot S, Berger A, Romanovsky L, Alibhai SMH. The impact of pre-treatment muscle strength and physical performance on treatment modification in older adults with cancer following comprehensive geriatric assessment. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6625701. [PMID: 35776670 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grip strength (GS) and the short physical performance battery (SPPB) have been shown to predict clinical outcomes in older adults with cancer. However, whether pre-treatment GS and SPPB impact treatment decisions following comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is poorly understood. Our objective was to assess the impact of low GS and/or SPPB on treatment modification to initially proposed treatment plans in older adults with cancer following CGA. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of older adults who had undergone CGA before receiving cancer treatment. Data were retrieved from a prospective database in an academic cancer centre and medical records. Treatment modification following CGA was defined as reduced treatment intensity or transition from active treatment to supportive care. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the impact of pre-treatment GS and SPPB on treatment modification following CGA. RESULTS In total, 515 older adults (mean age: 80.7y) who had undergone CGA prior to cancer treatment were included. Low muscle strength and/or physical performance was observed in 66.4% of participants. Treatment was modified in 49.5% of the cohort following CGA. Low GS and/or SPPB combined was predictive of treatment modification (OR = 1.77, 95%CI = 1.07-2.90, P = 0.025) in multivariable analysis. Additional predictors of treatment modification included palliative treatment intent, comorbidities and malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS Low GS and/or SPPB combined prior to cancer treatment predicts treatment modification in older adults with cancer and may be useful in treatment decision-making. Management of poor muscle strength and physical performance should be offered to optimize patient care and potentially improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Abu Helal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rana Jin
- Faculty of Nursing, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susie Monginot
- Faculty of Nursing, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arielle Berger
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Shabbir M H Alibhai
- Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Laube W. Teil 2: Muskeldysfunktionen – mit Training gegen Schmerz. MANUELLE MEDIZIN 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00337-022-00887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ikeue K, Kusakabe T, Muranaka K, Yamakage H, Inoue T, Ishii K, Satoh-Asahara N. A combined index of waist circumference and muscle quality is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor accumulation in Japanese obese patients: a cross-sectional study. Endocrine 2022; 77:30-40. [PMID: 35438441 PMCID: PMC9242950 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify obese patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) using a combined index of obesity and sarcopenia. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we firstly conducted analysis of covariance to select each index most associated with the CVD risk score, the number of concomitant CVD risk factors, among obesity- (body mass index, percentage body fat, or waist circumference [WC]) and sarcopenia-evaluated indices (skeletal muscle mass index, handgrip strength, or muscle quality [MQ]), respectively in 188 Japanese obese patients (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, 73 men and 115 women). Next, we conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis to compare the four groups (Group A-D) classified by medians of the selected indices. RESULTS WC and MQ were selected as the indices most associated with the CVD risk scores, respectively. The CVD risk score was significantly higher in Group B (low WC and low MQ) and Group D (high WC and low MQ) with higher prevalence of diabetes as compared with Group A (low WC and high MQ). Adjusted for sex and age, odds ratios for CVD risk scores = 2 were significantly higher in Group B, Group C (high WC and high MQ), and Group D compared with Group A. Furthermore, odds ratios for CVD risk scores = 3 were significantly higher only in Group D compared with Group A (4.29 [95% confidence interval: 1.49-12.33], p = 0.007). CONCLUSION Combined index of WC and MQ was useful in Japanese obese patients at high risk of CVD, regardless sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Ikeue
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Toru Kusakabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Muranaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamakage
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Takayuki Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kojiro Ishii
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan
| | - Noriko Satoh-Asahara
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa Mukaihata-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
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Gholizade M, Farhadi A, Marzban M, Mahmudpour M, Nabipour I, Kalantarhormozi M, Shafiee G, Ostovar A, Larijani B, Darabi AH, Safavi E. Association between platelet, white blood cell count, platelet to white blood cell ratio and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: focus on Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:300. [PMID: 35395731 PMCID: PMC8991783 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02954-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with harmful impacts on health. The present study aimed to investigate the relation between sarcopenia, platelet (PLT), white blood cell (WBC), and PLT to WBC ratio (PWR) due to the importance of early sarcopenia diagnosis. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program. Sarcopenia was defined based on the revised edition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) in accordance with the Iranian cut-off point. Univariate and adjusted multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to evaluate the associations. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia among participants was 35.73%. PLT count and PWR were statistically higher in severe sarcopenic participants, while no differences were seen in WBC. In crude analysis, sarcopenia was not associated with quartiles of PLT, WBC, and PWR, while after adjusting for age, marital status, and sex, the association was seen in the fourth quartile of PLT and PWR [OR (95%CI) = 1.40 (1.08 to 1.81), p-value = 0.009 for PLT; OR (95%CI) =1.55 (1.20 to 2.00), p-value =0.001 for PWR]. This association remained significant in the fully adjusted model [OR (95%CI) =1.82 (1.20 to 2.78), p-value =0.005 for PLT; OR (95%CI) =1.57 (1.03 to 2.40), p-value =0.035 for PWR]. Among sarcopenia parameters, PLT count was more likely to be associated with handgrip strength and muscle mass. After stratifying the participants by gender, sarcopenia parameters were no longer statistically significant in men. CONCLUSION This study showed that PLT and PWR were associated with sarcopenia after considering confounding factors, while this association was not seen in WBC. Moreover, results showed that gender had an important impact on sarcopenia parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Gholizade
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Akram Farhadi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Marzban
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. .,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Mahmudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Darabi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Eisa Safavi
- Department of Paraclinic, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Association between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic individuals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2231. [PMID: 35379833 PMCID: PMC8979953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are substantially interrelated with shared cardiovascular risk factors. However, the relationship between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery disease is largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the association between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores in asymptomatic adults. A total of 5969 asymptomatic adults without cardiovascular disease who underwent a health examination including estimation of CAC scores by cardiac tomography were analyzed. Osteoporosis was defined as low bone mineral density T-score ≤ − 2.5 standard deviation, and sarcopenia as appendicular skeletal muscle mass < 5.7 kg/m2 for women and < 7.0 kg/m2 for men, and osteosarcopenia as the copresence of both osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Participants were divided into four groups according to the presence of osteoporosis and/or sarcopenia as control, sarcopenia alone, osteoporosis alone, and osteosarcopenia. Prevalence of CAC was 22.0% in control, 23.6% in sarcopenia alone, 38.5% in osteoporosis alone, and 48.3% in osteosarcopenia group, with the osteosarcopenia group showing the highest (p < 0.0001). After adjustments for possible confounders, mean of log (CAC score + 1) in osteosarcopenia group was higher than other three groups (Bonferroni p < 0.0001). Using multivariate-adjusted analysis, subjects with osteosarcopenia had the highest risk for having CAC > 0 (odds ratio [OR] 2.868; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.717–4.790). Furthermore, subjects with osteosarcopenia had a significant risk of moderate-to-extensive CAC (CAC score ≥ 100) (OR 2.709; 95% CI 1.128–6.505). We demonstrated that osteosarcopenia was independently associated with a higher prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Our results suggest osteosarcopenia as a predisposing factor for coronary heart disease.
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Chen YY, Chen WL, Peng TC, Liaw FY, Chao YP, Kao TW. Relationship between Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Taiwanese Older Adults. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:1-21. [PMID: 35318907 PMCID: PMC9991747 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence supports sarcopenia as an important parameter for predicting cardiometabolic risks. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, and cardiovascular risk among older community-dwelling adults. DESIGN The associations between dynapenia, sarcopenia, and Framingham risk score (FRS) were estimated by multivariate regression models. SETTING Muscle mass is estimated by skeletal muscle mass index using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Muscle strength is measured by handgrip strength using an analog isometric dynamometer. Physical performance is measured by gait speed using a 6-meter walking distance. Dynapenia was defined as low muscle strength and/or slow gait speed presents with normal muscle mass. The diagnosis of presarcopenia and sarcopenia was based on criteria proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2014. The FRS was used for evaluating 10-year coronary heart disease risk. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 65 years and older who attended health examinations from 2015 to 2017 were recruited. RESULTS There were totally 709 subjects enrolled in this study. Dynapenic men (n=47) had 17.70±5.08% FRS and sarcopenic women (n=74) had 7.74±6.06% FRS. Participants with presarcopenia had the lowest FRS (men: 15.41±5.35%; women: 5.25±3.70%). Men with dynapenia had higher FRS than the presarcopenia group with odds ratio (OR) of 2.52 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.03-6.14). Women with sarcopenia had significantly higher FRS than the presarcopenia group with OR of 2.81 (95%CI: 1.09-7.27). CONCLUSION Older dynapenic men and older sarcopenic women had higher risks of 10-year coronary heart disease. Presarcopenic older adults had the lowest coronary heart disease risk in both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 114Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, TaipeiTaiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tao-Chun Peng
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 114Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Fang-Yih Liaw
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 114Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Ping Chao
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 114Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 114Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Lee K. Food Security Moderates the Relationships of Muscle Mass with Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance. J Bone Metab 2022; 29:23-33. [PMID: 35325980 PMCID: PMC8948495 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2022.29.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to determine whether food security moderates the relationship of skeletal muscle mass with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR). Methods This study analyzed the data of 10,680 adults using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2011. The food security reported by households, appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) divided by body mass index (BMI) (ASM/BMI), weight (ASM/weight), or height squared (ASM/height2) as muscle mass indicators, MetS (defined as presence of at least 3 components of MetS), and IR (defined as sex-specific highest quintile of homeostatic model assessment for IR) were assessed. The association between the muscle mass indicators and food security as well as their interaction with MetS and IR was analyzed for all participants and each sex using complex sample logistic regression and general linear model analyses. Results When the ASM/BMI increased by 0.1 kg/BMI, the odds for MetS and IR decreased by 36% and 29%, respectively, after adjusting for age, sex, education, economic level, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, chronic diseases, and intake of fats and protein. There was a significant interaction between ASM/BMI and food security in their relationship with MetS and its components. In the low food security group, the inverse relationship of ASM/BMI with MetS and IR was stronger than in the food security group. These findings were more pronounced in men than in women, and similar findings were observed in the association with ASM/weight. Conclusions The associations of skeletal muscle mass with MetS and IR may be influenced by household food security in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Alonso A, Beaton AZ, Bittencourt MS, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Carson AP, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Ferguson JF, Generoso G, Ho JE, Kalani R, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Levine DA, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Ma J, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Thacker EL, VanWagner LB, Virani SS, Voecks JH, Wang NY, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2022; 145:e153-e639. [PMID: 35078371 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2459] [Impact Index Per Article: 1229.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2022 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population and an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, and the global burden of cardiovascular disease and healthy life expectancy. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
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Buchmann N, Fielitz J, Spira D, König M, Norman K, Pawelec G, Goldeck D, Demuth I, Steinhagen-Thiessen E. Muscle Mass and Inflammation in Older Adults: Impact of the Metabolic Syndrome. Gerontology 2022; 68:989-998. [PMID: 35100595 PMCID: PMC9501741 DOI: 10.1159/000520096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory processes are a cause of accelerated loss of muscle mass. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent age-related condition, which may promote and be promoted by inflammation. However, whether inflammation in MetS (metaflammation) is associated with lower muscle mass is still unclear. Methods Complete cross-sectional data on body composition, MetS, and the inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were available for 1,377 BASE-II participants (51.1% women; 68 ± 4 years old). Appendicular lean mass (ALM) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass (low ALM-to-BMI ratio [ALMBMI]) was defined according to the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Sarcopenia Project. Regression models, adjusted for an increasing number of confounders (sex, age, physical activity, morbidities, diabetes mellitus type II, TSH, albumin, HbA1c, smoking habits, alcohol intake, education, and energy intake/day), were used to calculate the association between low ALMBMI and high inflammation (tertile 3) according to MetS. Results MetS was present in 36.2% of the study population, and 9% had low ALMBMI. In the whole study population, high CRP (odds ratio [OR]: 2.7 [95% CI: 1.6–4.7; p = 0.001]) and high IL-6 (OR: 2.1 [95% CI: 1.2–1.9; p = 0.005]) were associated with low ALMBMI. In contrast, no significant association was found between TNF, IL-10, or IL-1β with low ALMBMI. When participants were stratified by MetS, results for IL-6 remained significant only in participants with MetS. Conclusions Among BASE-II participants, low ALMBMI was associated with inflammation. Low-grade inflammation triggered by disease state, especially in the context of MetS, might favor loss of muscle mass, so a better control of MetS might help to prevent sarcopenia. Intervention studies to test whether strategies to prevent MetS might also prevent loss of muscle mass seem to be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Buchmann
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin (Campus Benjamin Franklin), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dominik Spira
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian König
- Division of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Norman
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam Rehbrücke, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, Nuthetal, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ilja Demuth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, BCRT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases (including Division of Lipid Metabolism), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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van Santen VJB, Klein-Nulend J, Bakker AD, Jaspers RT. Stiff matrices enhance myoblast proliferation, reduce differentiation, and alter the response to fluid shear stress in vitro. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022; 80:161-170. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-01050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cespiati A, Meroni M, Lombardi R, Oberti G, Dongiovanni P, Fracanzani AL. Impact of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Non-Cirrhotic Stages of Liver Diseases: Similarities and Differences across Aetiologies and Possible Therapeutic Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010182. [PMID: 35052859 PMCID: PMC8773740 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle strength, mass and function and it is a predictor of mortality. Sarcopenia is not only a geriatric disease, but it is related to several chronic conditions, including liver diseases in both its early and advanced stages. Despite the increasing number of studies exploring the role of sarcopenia in the early stages of chronic liver disease (CLD), its prevalence and the relationship between these two clinical entities are still controversial. Myosteatosis is characterized by fat accumulation in the muscles and it is related to advanced liver disease, although its role in the early stages is still under researched. Therefore, in this narrative review, we firstly aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying sarcopenia and myosteatosis in the early stage of CLD across different aetiologies (mainly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease and viral hepatitis). Secondly, due to the increasing prevalence of sarcopenia worldwide, we aimed to revise the current and the future therapeutic approaches for the management of sarcopenia in CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Cespiati
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, Via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (G.O.); (P.D.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, Via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (G.O.); (P.D.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Rosa Lombardi
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, Via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (G.O.); (P.D.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5503-4192; Fax: +39-02-5503-3509
| | - Giovanna Oberti
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, Via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (G.O.); (P.D.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, Via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (G.O.); (P.D.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Anna Ludovica Fracanzani
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad. Granelli, Via F Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (M.M.); (G.O.); (P.D.); (A.L.F.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Min J, Chang JS, Choi JY, Kong ID. Association Between Skeletal Muscle Mass, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2021; 20:156-165. [PMID: 34941432 DOI: 10.1089/met.2021.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Skeletal muscle mass (SM) and physical activity (PA) are major modifiable factors that can moderate and prevent the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the joint association between SM and PA guidelines in MetS remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine the relationship between SM and PA with MetS among Korean adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 18,090 adults from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. We used the value of appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body mass index as SM. We decided on the PA guidelines using the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines. After adjusting for confounding factors, we performed logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of MetS associated with SM and PA guidelines. Results: Participants from the highest SM quartile showed a decreased MetS risk of 58%-75%. Those who met both aerobic and resistance exercise guidelines were more likely to have lower MetS risk than those who neither. In addition, even with the same PA guideline status, participants with the highest muscle mass decreased MetS risk by 29%-81% compared with participants with the lowest muscle mass. Conclusions: Our results showed that increased SM and meeting PA guidelines are significantly associated with a decreased risk of MetS. To prevent MetS, customized strategies are needed for improving muscle mass and PA according to age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihee Min
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jae Seung Chang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Mitohormesis Research Center, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeong Choi
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - In Deok Kong
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.,Yonsei Institute of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
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Chen LY, Xia MF, Wu L, Li Q, Hu Y, Ma H, Gao X, Lin HD. Skeletal muscle loss is associated with diabetes in middle-aged and older Chinese men without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:2119-2129. [PMID: 35047125 PMCID: PMC8696641 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i12.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle, a key insulin target organ, has been reported to be associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Compared to non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients have decreased muscle mass and a higher prevalence of sarcopenia, and patients with sarcopenia may be at increased risk of developing diabetes. In individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), sarcopenia is associated with the severity of fibrosis and steatosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that NAFLD is strongly associated with DM and sarcopenia.
AIM To determine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and DM in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men, and whether the association is affected by NAFLD.
METHODS Skeletal muscle mass was calculated as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in kg/body weight × 100%. Liver fat content (LFC) was measured using a quantitative ultrasound method.
RESULTS As the ASM decreased, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hBG), and LFC increased in both genders, as did the prevalence of DM and NAFLD. Spearman analysis showed that the ASM was negatively correlated with the FBG, 2hBG, and LFC. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustments, the ASM quartile was negatively associated with the presence of DM in males, but not in females. Subgroup analysis showed that the ASM quartiles remained negatively correlated with the presence of DM in the non-NAFLD population (including males and females), but no correlation was found between ASM quartiles and the presence of DM in the NAFLD population. When stratified by LFC quartiles, ASM was negatively correlated with the presence of DM in the first and second LFC quartiles in males.
CONCLUSION Skeletal muscle mass loss was shown to be associated with the presence of DM in males, but not in females; NAFLD weakens this association. The results suggested that the stratified management of diabetes mellitus should be considered according to skeletal muscle mass and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming-Feng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Wu
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Li
- Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huan-Dong Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Cho J, Park M, Moon WJ, Han SH, Moon Y. Sarcopenia in patients with dementia: correlation of temporalis muscle thickness with appendicular muscle mass. Neurol Sci 2021; 43:3089-3095. [PMID: 34846582 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is one of the most relevant signs of sarcopenia; however, it is challenging to perform tests for sarcopenia in patients with dementia. In a recent study, temporalis muscle thickness (TMT), an alternative to appendicular muscle mass (ASM), was found to be a valid index for screening sarcopenia. This study aimed to determine whether TMT correlates with ASM and evaluate the relationship between TMT and cognitive function in dementia patients. We recruited patients with a complaint of memory loss who visited the Memory Clinic of Konkuk University Medical Center between November 2014 and December 2020. Patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) without weakness were included. TMT was measured on axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images, perpendicular to the long axis of the temporal muscle, at the orbital roof level. ASM was measured using body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). It was calculated as the sum of lean soft tissue mass in the arms and legs, and the value by ASM divided by height squared was used. Inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability were good and excellent, respectively. We found a correlation between TMT and skeletal ASM, which was obtained from cranial MR images and DXA, respectively (r = 0.379, p = 0.001). TMT was negatively correlated with age (r = - 0.296, p = 0.014) and positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.303, p = 0.012). Additionally, TMT was correlated with MMSE (r = 0.350, p = 0.003). After adjusting for educational years, there was still a correlation between TMT and MMSE (r = 0.256, p = 0.038). This study demonstrated that TMT correlates with ASM and cognitive function in patients with dementia. Measuring TMT using cranial MR images could help diagnose sarcopenia accessibly and assess cognitive function in patients with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Cho
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine and Konkuk University Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, South Korea
| | - Mina Park
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Jin Moon
- Department of Radiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine and Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine and Konkuk University Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, South Korea
| | - Yeonsil Moon
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine and Konkuk University Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, South Korea.
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Wu SE, Chen WL. A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Risk Loci for Sarcopenia in a Taiwanese Population. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5969-5980. [PMID: 34815687 PMCID: PMC8605878 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s338724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sarcopenia unraveled the importance of genetic contribution to decline in muscle. The current study investigated sarcopenia-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Asian older adults, and further constructed a genotype score that tests the combined effect of these SNPs on risk of sarcopenia. Patients and Methods Ninety-six subjects aged 60 or above were recruited from the database of annual geriatric health examination at Tri-Service General Hospital during 2020. Eligible criteria included: 1) not having severe comorbidities; 2) agreed to join the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative project; and 3) having sufficient information of required sarcopenic measurements. Genotype–phenotype association analysis was performed to find SNPs that were significantly associated with each of three sarcopenic indices (low muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance). Subsequently, these SNPs comprised a sarcopenia-related genotype score that summed up the number of SNPs carrying unfavorable allele(s). Results Twelve SNPs revealed suggestive genome-wide significance with the three sarcopenic indices, and eight of them revealed a relationship with more than one index. Low muscle strength was the item that had the most (eight) related SNPs. Among them, rs10282247 affects cholesterol binding and rs7022373 participates in cellular apoptosis. In addition, higher genotype score demonstrated higher risk of sarcopenia (≥4 points: OR=630.6; 2–3 points: OR=408, p-value<0.001). Conclusion Several newly discovered SNPs suggest that genetic contribution plays a part in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Further studies are warranted to verify the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, a genotype score provides an estimate of the combined effect of genetic association with sarcopenia, which may modestly improve clinical risk classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-En Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Souza D, Pessoni A, Barbosa de Lira CA, Vancini RL, Ramírez-Vélez R, Gentil P. Supervised home-based resistance training for managing idiopathic peripheral polyneuropathy - A case report. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2021; 28:126-130. [PMID: 34776129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This case report aimed to investigate the effects of supervised home-based resistance training (RT) on functional capacity and mental health on a man with idiopathic peripheral polyneuropathy (PP). METHOD A 50-year-old man diagnosed with PP with no previous experience in RT performed 24 session of home-based RT for 12 weeks. Resistance training consisted of 3 exercises performed with 3 sets and lasted approximately 30 min per session. Exercises were performed with minimal implements (e.g., elastic tubes and light dumbbells). The Patient was evaluated for muscle performance, functionality, anxiety levels, and depressive symptoms before and after intervention period. Muscle performance was evaluated though 30-s push up test (PU30), functional capacity was evaluated through functional tests [sit to stand test (SST), arm curl (AC), and 2-min step test (2-MST)] and anxiety levels and depressive symptoms were evaluated through the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck's depression inventory (BDI), respectively. RESULTS After 12 weeks, the performance on PU30 increased 40% (from 8 to 11 repetitions), while the performance on SST, AC and 2-MST increased 100% (from 4 to 8 repetitions), 44% (from 16 to 23 repetitions) and 157% (from 47 to 121 repetitions), respectively. Anxiety state and trait levels have been reduced 24% (from 42 to 32 scores) and 4% (from 47 to 45 scores), respectively. There was no change for BDI. CONCLUSION Supervised home-based RT using low cost and affordable equipment was a feasible strategy to provide functional capacity and mental health benefits in a patient with PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Souza
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
| | - Alana Pessoni
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Physical Education and Sport Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed-Public University of Navarra (UPNA)-Navarra Hospital Complex (CHN), Health Research Institute of Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paulo Gentil
- College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil; Hypertension League Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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