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Zhou X, Zhong T, Wu M, Li Q, Yu W, Gan L, Xiang X, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Zhou Y, Chen P, Zhang C. Multiomics analysis of a resistant European turnip ECD04 during clubroot infection reveals key hub genes underlying resistance mechanism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1396602. [PMID: 38845850 PMCID: PMC11153729 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1396602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The clubroot disease has become a worldwide threat for crucifer crop production, due to its soil-borne nature and difficulty to eradicate completely from contaminated field. In this study we used an elite resistant European fodder turnip ECD04 and investigated its resistance mechanism using transcriptome, sRNA-seq, degradome and gene editing. A total of 1751 DEGs were identified from three time points after infection, among which 7 hub genes including XTH23 for cell wall assembly and two CPK28 genes in PTI pathways. On microRNA, we identified 17 DEMs and predicted 15 miRNA-target pairs (DEM-DEG). We validated two pairs (miR395-APS4 and miR160-ARF) by degradome sequencing. We investigated the miR395-APS4 pair by CRISPR-Cas9 mediated gene editing, the result showed that knocking-out APS4 could lead to elevated clubroot resistance in B. napus. In summary, the data acquired on transcriptional response and microRNA as well as target genes provide future direction especially gene candidates for genetic improvement of clubroot resistance on Brassica species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meixiu Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenlin Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Longcai Gan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianyu Xiang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Industrial Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yaru Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhou
- Rice and Oil Research Institute, Yichang Academy of Agricultural Science, Yichang, China
| | - Peng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Li K, Uyanga VA, Wang X, Jiao H, Zhao J, Zhou Y, Li H, Lin H. Allicin Promotes Glucose Uptake by Activating AMPK through CSE/H 2S-Induced S-Sulfhydration in a Muscle-Fiber Dependent Way in Broiler Chickens. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300622. [PMID: 38339885 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Allicin, a product of enzymatic reaction when garlic is injured, plays an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in mammals. However, the effect of allicin on glucose homeostasis in the state of insulin resistance remains to be elucidated. This study investigates the effect of allicin on glucose metabolism using different muscle fibers in a chicken model. METHODS AND RESULTS Day-old male Arbor Acres broilers are randomly divided into three groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 150, or 300 mg kg-1 allicin for 42 days. Results show that allicin improves the zootechnical performance of broilers at the finishing stage. The glucose loading test (2 g kg-1 body mass) indicates the regulatory role of allicin on glucose homeostasis. In vitro results demonstrate allicin increases glutathione (GSH) level and the expression of cystathionine γ lyase (CSE), leading to endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in M. pectoralis major (PM) muscle-derived myotubes. Allicin stimulates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) S-sulfhydration and AMPK phosphorylation to promote glucose uptake, which is suppressed in the presence of d,l-propargylglycine (PAG, a CSE inhibitor). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that allicin induces AMPK S-sulfhydration and AMPK phosphorylation to promote glucose uptake via the CSE/H2S system in a muscle fiber-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Victoria A Uyanga
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Yunlei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Haifang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Hai Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, China
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Li Z, Wu J, Zhao Y, Song J, Wen Y. Natural products and dietary interventions on liver enzymes: an umbrella review and evidence map. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1300860. [PMID: 38371505 PMCID: PMC10869519 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1300860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The association between natural products and dietary interventions on liver enzymes is unclear; therefore, this study aimed to examine their effects on liver enzymes in adults. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews databases were searched from inception until March 2023. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) systems were used to assess the methodological and evidence quality, and the therapeutic effects were summarized in a narrative form. Results A total of 40 meta-analyses on natural products (n = 25), dietary supplements (n = 10), and dietary patterns (n = 5) were evaluated, and results were presented in a narrative form. The overall methodological quality of the included studies was relatively poor. The results indicated that positive effects were observed for nigella sativa, garlic, artichoke, curcumin, silymarin, vitamin E, vitamin D, L-carnitine, propolis, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on certain liver enzymes. The dietary patterns, including high-protein, Mediterranean, and calorie-restriction diets and evening snacks, may reduce liver enzymes; however, other supplements and herbs did not reduce liver enzyme levels or have minimal effects. The evidence quality was generally weak given the risk of bias, heterogeneity, and imprecision. Conclusion This umbrella review suggests that natural products and dietary interventions have beneficial therapeutic effects on liver enzymes levels. Further clinical trials are necessary to establish the effectiveness of supplements that reduce liver enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingpan Zhao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjie Song
- Department of Oncology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yandong Wen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Takhrifa N, Taik FZ, Berrichi I, Adnine A, Abourazzak FE. Diets and Joint Symptoms: A Survey of Moroccan Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Rheumatic Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e53868. [PMID: 38465070 PMCID: PMC10924651 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of diet in the onset or aggravation of chronic diseases, especially chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease (CIRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondyloarthritis (SpA), is a question frequently asked by patients. Our study aims to investigate whether Moroccan patients report a relationship between certain diets and disease symptoms and to study whether patients adopt specific dietary behaviours in order to relieve their symptoms. Methods This is a cross-sectional survey that included all patients followed for CIRD. The questionnaire has three parts, patients' sociodemographic and clinical data, patients' beliefs and attitudes regarding diet in relation to their joint symptoms, and a list of 24 foods for which patients were asked to indicate whether they aggravate, improve, or leave their joint symptoms unchanged. Results Thirty-four percent of the patients reported that the food had an effect on their symptoms, with 25% of them reporting an aggravation. Honey, garlic, and olive oil were the foods most often reported to improve joint symptoms, while red meat, fish, and legumes were most often reported to worsen symptoms. Age and type of rheumatism were factors associated with reporting that food affects joint symptoms. Twenty-three percent of the patients stated that they had already had discussions about diet with their rheumatologists, while 85.7% showed interest in such discussions. Experience with a food that improves joint symptoms was the only factor associated with discussing the diet with a rheumatologist. Conclusion Nearly one-third of the patients with CIRD reported an effect of diet on their joint symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihad Takhrifa
- Rheumatology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Fatima Zahrae Taik
- Rheumatology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Imane Berrichi
- Rheumatology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
| | - Anass Adnine
- Rheumatology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center of Tangier, Tangier, MAR
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Abolfazli S, Ebrahimi N, Morabi E, Asgari Yazdi MA, Zengin G, Sathyapalan T, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Hydrogen Sulfide: Physiological Roles and Therapeutic Implications against COVID-19. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3132-3148. [PMID: 37138436 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230502111227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) poses a major menace to economic and public health worldwide. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are two host proteins that play an essential function in the entry of SARS-- COV-2 into host cells. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a new gasotransmitter, has been shown to protect the lungs from potential damage through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-aging effects. It is well known that H2S is crucial in controlling the inflammatory reaction and the pro-inflammatory cytokine storm. Therefore, it has been suggested that some H2S donors may help treat acute lung inflammation. Furthermore, recent research illuminates a number of mechanisms of action that may explain the antiviral properties of H2S. Some early clinical findings indicate a negative correlation between endogenous H2S concentrations and COVID-19 intensity. Therefore, reusing H2S-releasing drugs could represent a curative option for COVID-19 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Abolfazli
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Nima Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Etekhar Morabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Yang J, Chen X, A L, Gao H, Zhao M, Ge L, Li M, Yang C, Gong Y, Gu Z, Xu H. Alleviation of Photoreceptor Degeneration Based on Fullerenols in rd1 Mice by Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Modulation of Mitochondrial DNA Transcription and Leakage. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205998. [PMID: 37407519 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Poor therapeutic outcomes of antioxidants in ophthalmologic clinical applications, including glutathione during photoreceptor degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa (RP), are caused by limited anti-oxidative capacity. In this study, fullerenols are synthesized and proven to be highly efficient in vitro radical scavengers. Fullerenol-based intravitreal injections significantly improve the flash electroretinogram and light/dark transition tests performed for 28 days on rd1 mice, reduce the thinning of retinal outer nuclear layers, and preserve the Rhodopsin, Gnat-1, and Arrestin expressions of photoreceptors. RNA-sequencing, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting validate that mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA)-encoded genes of the electron transport chain (ETC), such as mt-Nd4l, mt-Co1, mt-Cytb, and mt-Atp6, are drastically downregulated in the retinas of rd1 mice, whereas nuclear DNA (n-DNA)-encoded genes, such as Ndufa1 and Atp5g3, are abnormally upregulated. Fullerenols thoroughly reverse the abnormal mt-DNA and n-DNA expression patterns of the ETC and restore mitochondrial function in degenerating photoreceptors. Additionally, fullerenols simultaneously repress Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1)-mediated mt-DNA cleavage and mt-DNA leakage via voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) pores by downregulating the transcription of Fen1 and Vdac1, thereby inactivating the downstream pro-inflammatory cGAS-STING pathway. These findings demonstrate that fullerenols can effectively alleviate photoreceptor degeneration in rd1 mice and serve as a viable treatment for RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yang
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Luodan A
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Maoru Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lingling Ge
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Sciences Research Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Alfahel R, Sawicki T, Jabłońska M, Przybyłowicz KE. Anti-Hyperglycemic Effects of Bioactive Compounds in the Context of the Prevention of Diet-Related Diseases. Foods 2023; 12:3698. [PMID: 37835351 PMCID: PMC10572282 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-related diseases are health conditions primary caused by poor nutrition. These diseases encompass obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and certain types of cancer. Functional foods and nutraceuticals offer a promising dietary approach to addressing diet-related diseases across various clinical contexts. The bioactive compounds found in these foods are the subject of intensive studies aimed at discovering their anti-hyperglycemic effects, which are beneficial in alleviating chronic diseases and protecting human health. Hyperglycemia is a common risk factor for metabolic disease and mortality worldwide. Chronic hyperglycemic states can lead to many long-term complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, kidney disease, heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. This review explores the potential anti-hyperglycemic effects of bioactive compounds, specifically flavonoids and phenolic acids, and their proposed roles in mitigating chronic diseases and promoting human health. By thoroughly examining the existing literature, we investigated the potential anti-hyperglycemic effects of these bioactive compounds and their proposed roles in managing chronic diseases. The goal of this paper was to enhance our comprehension of how these compounds modulate glucose transporters, with the ultimate aim of identifying effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of diet-related diseases. Overall, this review investigated the use of bioactive compounds from functional foods as potential inhibitors of glucose transporters in the context of prevention/treatment of diet-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katarzyna E. Przybyłowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 45f Słoneczna Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; (R.A.); (T.S.); (M.J.)
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Southey BR, Johnson RW, Rodriguez-Zas SL. Influence of Maternal Immune Activation and Stressors on the Hippocampal Metabolome. Metabolites 2023; 13:881. [PMID: 37623825 PMCID: PMC10456262 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress often results in maternal immune activation (MIA) that can impact prenatal brain development, molecular processes, and substrates and products of metabolism that participate in physiological processes at later stages of life. Postnatal metabolic and immunological stressors can affect brain metabolites later in life, independently or in combination with prenatal stressors. The effects of prenatal and postnatal stressors on hippocampal metabolites were studied using a pig model of viral MIA exposed to immunological and metabolic stressors at 60 days of age using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Postnatal stress and MIA elicited effects (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.1) on fifty-nine metabolites, while eight metabolites exhibited an interaction effect. The hippocampal metabolites impacted by MIA or postnatal stress include 4-aminobutanoate (GABA), adenine, fumarate, glutamate, guanine, inosine, ornithine, putrescine, pyruvate, and xanthine. Metabolites affected by MIA or postnatal stress encompassed eight significantly (FDR-adjusted p-value < 0.1) enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Database (KEGG) pathways. The enriched arginine biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism pathways included metabolites that are also annotated for the urea cycle and polyamine biosynthesis pathways. Notably, the prenatal and postnatal challenges were associated with disruption of the glutathione metabolism pathway and changes in the levels of glutamic acid, glutamate, and purine nucleotide metabolites that resemble patterns elicited by drugs of abuse and may underlie neuroinflammatory processes. The combination of MIA and postnatal stressors also supported the double-hit hypothesis, where MIA amplifies the impact of stressors later in life, sensitizing the hippocampus of the offspring to future challenges. The metabolites and pathways characterized in this study offer evidence of the role of immunometabolism in understanding the impact of MIA and stressors later in life on memory, spatial navigation, neuropsychiatric disorders, and behavioral disorders influenced by the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce R. Southey
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (R.W.J.); (S.L.R.-Z.)
| | - Rodney W. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (R.W.J.); (S.L.R.-Z.)
| | - Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (R.W.J.); (S.L.R.-Z.)
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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He B, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Duan X, Wang Y, Cao J, Li L, He K, Nice EC, He W, Gao W, Shen Z. Protein persulfidation: Rewiring the hydrogen sulfide signaling in cell stress response. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115444. [PMID: 36736962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed significant progress in the discovery of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a ubiquitous gaseous signaling molecule in mammalian physiology, akin to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. As the third gasotransmitter, H2S is now known to exert a wide range of physiological and cytoprotective functions in the biological systems. However, endogenous H2S concentrations are usually low, and its potential biologic mechanisms responsible have not yet been fully clarified. Recently, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that protein persulfidation, a posttranslational modification of cysteine residues (RSH) to persulfides (RSSH) elicited by H2S, is a fundamental mechanism of H2S-mediated signaling pathways. Persulfidation, as a biological switch for protein function, plays an important role in the maintenance of cell homeostasis in response to various internal and external stress stimuli and is also implicated in numerous diseases, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In this review, the biological significance of protein persulfidation by H2S in cell stress response is reviewed providing a framework for understanding the multifaceted roles of H2S. A mechanism-guided perspective can help open novel avenues for the exploitation of therapeutics based on H2S-induced persulfidation in the context of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo He
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xirui Duan
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yu Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiangjun Cao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Kai He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Verma T, Aggarwal A, Dey P, Chauhan AK, Rashid S, Chen KT, Sharma R. Medicinal and therapeutic properties of garlic, garlic essential oil, and garlic-based snack food: An updated review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1120377. [PMID: 36875845 PMCID: PMC9978857 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1120377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is an edible tuber belonging to the family Liliaceae. It has been used since ancient times as a spice to enhance the sensory characteristics of food and as a household remedy for the treatment of a variety of ailments. Garlic has been studied for its medicinal and therapeutic effects in the treatment of various human diseases for a long time. Health benefits associated with the consumption of garlic are attributed to the various sulfur compounds present in it such as allicin, ajoene, vinyl-dithiin, and other volatile organosulfur compounds which are all metabolized from alliin. Several researches in the literature have shown evidence that garlic exhibits antioxidant, antiviral, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, antihypertensive, anti-anemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, anticarcinogenic, antiaggregant, and immunomodulatory properties. The present review identifies and discusses the various health benefits associated with the consumption of garlic, its essential oil, and bioactive constituents, along with exploring the various snack-food products developed by incorporating garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Verma
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Aggarwal
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Dey
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kow-Tong Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Huang L, Liu Z, Wang J, Fu J, Jia Y, Ji L, Wang T. Bioactivity and health effects of garlic essential oil: A review. Food Sci Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China
| | - Zhenxin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China
| | - Jiaolong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China
| | - Yonglu Jia
- Department of Stomotology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Suzhou China
| | - Lilian Ji
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China
| | - Taoyun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou China
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Savira M, Sari DK, Machrina Y, Widjaja SS, Unitly AJA, Ilyas S, Siregar J, Pandia P, Rusda M, Amin MM. Effect of Garlic Ethanol Extract Administration on Gluthatione Levels to Prevent Oxidative Stress in Smoker Rat Model. Med Arch 2023; 77:418-421. [PMID: 38313106 PMCID: PMC10834041 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2023.77.418-421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sickle Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is known as a spice native to western Asia has a strong antioxidant effect and revealed it functions as an antioxidant by increasing ROS-capture activity, cellular antioxidants, SOD, CAT, and GSH levels in cells. Cigarette smoke is very dangerous because it can cause serious illness and death. Cigarette smoke is a major source of exogenous ROS because its particles are high in free radicals. Smoking is also related to a decrease in the body's natural antioxidant levels. Glutathione (GSH) synthesis and expression were found to increase initially and then decrease after being exposed to cigarette smoke. Objective The aim of this study is; to analyze effect of garlic ethanol extract administration on gluthatione levels to prevent oxidative stress in smoker rat model. Methods This was a case-control study with a control group design, with 15 healthy rats (Rattus norvegicus, sp.) divided into three groups, KN untreated animals (control), K1 animals exposed to cigarette smoke for 40 days (smoker), and K2 animals exposed to cigarette smoke for 40 days and treated with Allium sativum 0.1 g per day for 40 days (smoker and Allium sativum L.). After 40 days of treatment, all animals, including the control, were sacrificed with 30 mg/IP ketamine injections, and the blood plasma were taken for examination. Results there were significant difference in glutathione levels between the treatment groups (K2) with the control group (KN) and the smokers group (K1) (p <0.05). Conclusion garlic ethanol extract administration can increase gluthatione levels and prevent oxidative stress in smoker rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Savira
- Philosophy Doctor in Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Dina Keumala Sari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Yetty Machrina
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Sry Suryani Widjaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Adrien Jems Akiles Unitly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pattimura University, Ambon,Indonesia
| | - Syafruddin Ilyas
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Jelita Siregar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Pandiaman Pandia
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - M. Rusda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Mustafa M. Amin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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A Water-Soluble Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Suppresses the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3 β/ β-Catenin and TGF- β/Smad2/3 Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:8456852. [PMID: 36925651 PMCID: PMC10014162 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8456852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease with high morbidity, high mortality, and low cure rate. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely adopted in tissue engineering and drug delivery. 5-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3H-1, 2-dithiol-3-thione (ADT-OH) is one of commonly used H2S donors. In our previous study, HA-ADT was designed and synthesized via coupling of HA and ADT-OH. In this study, compared with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, a fast H2S-releasing donor) and morpholin-4-ium (4-methoxyphenyl)-morpholin-4-ylsulfanylidenesulfido-λ5-phosphane (GYY4137, a slow H2S-releasing donor), HA-ADT showed stronger inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle of human HCC cells. HA-ADT promoted apoptosis by suppressing the expressions of phospho (p)-protein kinase B (PKB/AKT), p-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), p-β-catenin, and also inhibited autophagy via the downregulation of the protein levels of p-Smad2, p-Smad3, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in human HCC cells. Moreover, HA-ADT inhibited HCC xenograft tumor growth more effectively than both NaHS and GYY4137. Therefore, HA-ADT can suppress the growth of HCC cells by blocking the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin and TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathways. HA-ADT and its derivatives may be developed as promising antitumor drugs.
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Sánchez-Gloria JL, Rada KM, Juárez-Rojas JG, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Rubio-Gayosso I, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Osorio-Alonso H. Role of Sulfur Compounds in Garlic as Potential Therapeutic Option for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415599. [PMID: 36555240 PMCID: PMC9779154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in the airways with a multifactorial origin but with inflammation and oxidative stress as related pathogenic mechanisms. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a nutraceutical with different biological properties due to sulfur-containing natural compounds. Studies have shown that several compounds in garlic may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, including those related to the lungs. Therefore, it is possible to take advantage of the compounds from garlic as nutraceuticals for treating lung diseases. The objective of this article is to review the biological properties of the sulfur compounds present in garlic for the treatment of asthma, as well as the cellular mechanisms involved. Here, we discuss the potential therapeutic effects of garlic compounds in the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as its antibiotic and antiviral activities for identifying and testing potential treatment options for asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Sánchez-Gloria
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Karla M. Rada
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Juan G. Juárez-Rojas
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Laura G. Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ivan Rubio-Gayosso
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: or
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15
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Feng J, Lu X, Li H, Wang S. The roles of hydrogen sulfide in renal physiology and disease states. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1289-1308. [PMID: 35930288 PMCID: PMC9359156 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2107936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gaseous signaling transmitter, has gained recognition for its physiological effects. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss existing studies about the roles of H2S in renal functions and renal disease as well as the underlying mechanisms. H2S is mainly produced by four pathways, and the kidneys are major H2S–producing organs. Previous studies have shown that H2S can impact multiple signaling pathways via sulfhydration. In renal physiology, H2S promotes kidney excretion, regulates renin release and increases ATP production as a sensor for oxygen. H2S is also involved in the development of kidney disease. H2S has been implicated in renal ischemia/reperfusion and cisplatin–and sepsis–induced kidney disease. In chronic kidney diseases, especially diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy and obstructive kidney disease, H2S attenuates disease progression by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggesting the potential roles of H2S donors in the treatment of kidney disease, these results need further clinical translation. Therefore, expanding the understanding of H2S can not only promote our further understanding of renal physiology but also lay a foundation for transforming H2S into a target for specific kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangxue Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Rastkar M, Nikniaz L, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Nikniaz Z. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of garlic in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Indian J Gastroenterol 2022; 41:548-557. [PMID: 36576698 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-022-01287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses to examine the therapeutic effect of garlic on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases for retrieving articles investigating the impact of garlic on NAFLD patients. The comprehensive meta-analysis software version 2.0 was used for statistical analysis. The standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported and the effect size was calculated. RESULTS A preliminary search yielded a total of 293 articles. After screening articles based on inclusion criteria, four articles were included in the final analyses. This systematic review included 186 patients with NAFLD. The result of the meta-analysis showed significant differences between the garlic and placebo groups regarding changes in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar. Moreover, the probability of a decrease in hepatic steatosis was 2.75 times lower in the garlic group compared with the placebo group (RR [95% CI]: 2.75 [1.79, 4.23], p-value<0.001). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrates that garlic supplementation had a positive effect on hepatic steatosis, liver enzyme levels, and metabolic profile of patients with NAFLD. However, considering the potential limitation of the included studies, more high-quality clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rastkar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Nikniaz
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza Hospital, Attarneishaboori Ave., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran.
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Lipoic/Capsaicin-Related Amides: Synthesis and Biological Characterization of New TRPV1 Agonists Endowed with Protective Properties against Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113580. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Lipoic acid is a sulfur-containing nutrient endowed with pleiotropic actions and a safe biological profile selected to replace the unsaturated alkyl acid of capsaicin with the aim of obtaining lipoic amides potentially active as a TRPV1 ligand and with significant antioxidant properties. Thus, nine compounds were obtained in good yields following a simple synthetic procedure and tested for their functional TRPV1 activity and radical-scavenger activity. The safe biological profile together with the protective effect against hypoxia damage as well as the in vitro antioxidant properties were also evaluated. Although less potent than capsaicin, almost all lipoic amides were found to be TRPV1 agonists and, specifically, compound 4, the lipoic analogue of capsaicin, proved to be the best ligand in terms of efficacy and potency. EPR experiments and in vitro biological assays suggested the potential protective role against oxidative stress of the tested compounds and their safe biological profile. Compounds 4, 5 and 9 significantly ameliorated the mitochondrial membrane potential caused by hypoxia condition and decreased F2-isoprostanes, known markers of oxidative stress. Thus, the experimental results encourage further investigation of the therapeutic potential of these lipoic amides.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Shantha Kumar V, KC A, Parisapogu A, Ojinna BT, Tran HHV, Sherpa ML, Shrestha N, Mohammed L. The Key Role of Glutathione Compared to Curcumin in the Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e31324. [PMID: 36514656 PMCID: PMC9733821 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many documented cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been on the rise. The complicated pathophysiology of the disease makes it challenging to manage. Two databases, PubMed and Google Scholar, have a detailed screening using keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) combinations. The words are "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus OR SLE OR Lupus," "Glutathione," and "Curcumin." Articles had a detailed process of screening and quality appraisal. Using the English language as a primary filtering parameter, papers over the last 20 years, dating from 2002 to 2022, are the basis of this review. We reviewed all possible human studies documenting the use of curcumin and glutathione for treating SLE. A total of 15 articles are part of this systematic review. Curcumin and glutathione can act as potent drugs for treating lupus. Curcumin can be a more promising alternative since it operates on various pathways and is a more easily accessible source.
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Deodorized Garlic Decreases Oxidative Stress Caused by Lipopolysaccharide in Rat Heart through Hydrogen Sulfide: Preliminary Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012529. [PMID: 36293383 PMCID: PMC9604113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Deodorized garlic (DG) may favor the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and promote the synthesis of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The objective was to test if DG favors an increase in H2S and if it decreases the oxidative stress caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat hearts. A total of 24 rats were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 control (C), Group 2 LPS, Group 3 DG, and Group 4 LPS plus DG. The cardiac mechanical performance (CMP), coronary vascular resistance (CVR), and oxidative stress markers, such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione (GSH), selenium (Se), lipid peroxidation (LPO), thiols, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and the activities and expressions of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), cystathionine synthetase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), iNOS, and eNOS-p, were analyzed in the heart. Infarct zones in the cardiac tissue were present (p = 0.01). The CMP and CVR decreased and increased (p ≤ 0.05), TAC, GSH, H2S, NO, thiols, and GST activity (p ≤ 0.01) decreased, and LPO and iNOS increased (p ≤ 0.05). The activities and expressions of TrxR, GPx, eNOS-p, CTH, and CBS (p ≤ 0.05) decreased with the LPS treatment; however, DG normalized this effect. DG treatment decreases heart damage caused by LPS through the cross-talk between the H2S and NO systems.
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Shruthishree D. Padiyappa, Hemavathi Avalappa, Yeldur P. Venkatesh, Nagaraj Parisara, B. T. Prabhakar, Pramod.S.N.. Characterization of antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory functions of partially purified garlic (Allium sativum L.) lectin. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i4.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: The metabolic and oxidative stress induces highly reactive free radicals that are known to harm normal physiology and play a role in the development of cancer. Elevated levels of these free radicals contribute to excessive neovascularization leading to angiogenesis mediated cancer progression. Targeting these free radicals through dietary source is important strategy in regulation of cancer. Allium sativum L. (AsL) garlic has important multi pharmacological properties. On the other hand, dietary lectins are proven to be the best anti-cancer molecules. The study presents investigation that focus to assess the antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities of partially purified garlic lectin (PPAsL).
Materials and Methods: Fresh garlic bulbs were processed and evaluated for lectin induced HA activity. Further the garlic lectins (AsL) were partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and dialysis and analyzed through SDS-PAGE. Further lectins were characterized by producing Anti-AsL polyclonal antibodies and purification by affinity chromatography. Pharmacological evaluations of the lectins were assessed through antioxidant, anti-proliferative and antiangiogenic mediated anti-cancer activity.
Results: Lectin positive activity was confirmed by HA activity and partial purification lectin identified ?12kDa protein having Glc/Man glycan specificity. The polyclonal antibodies raised against PPAsL, confirmed that it has potent immunogen. Pharmacological evaluation confirmed that PPAsL has potent antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effect both in-vitro and in-vivo.
Conclusion: PPAsL is potent antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-cancer molecule. The dietary recommendation of the garlic lectin is an important therapeutic strategy against the cancer.
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Wang S, Liu J, Dong J, Fan Z, Wang F, Wu P, Li X, Kou R, Chen F. Allyl methyl trisulfide protected against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice via inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919898. [PMID: 36003507 PMCID: PMC9394683 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allyl methyl trisulfide (AMTS) is one major lipid-soluble organosulfur compound of garlic. Previous studies have reported the potential therapeutic effect of garlic on acute lung injury (ALI) or its severe condition acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the specific substances that exert the regulatory effects are still unclear. In this study, we investigate the protective effects of AMTS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice and explored the underlying mechanisms. In vivo experiments, ICR mice were pretreated with 25–100 mg/kg AMTS for 7 days and followed by intratracheal instillation of LPS (1.5 mg/kg). The results showed that AMTS significantly attenuated LPS-induced deterioration of lung pathology, demonstrated by ameliorative edema and protein leakage, and improved pulmonary histopathological morphology. Meanwhile, the expression of inflammatory mediators and the infiltration of inflammation-regulation cells induced by LPS were also inhibited. In vitro experiments also revealed that AMTS could alleviate inflammation response and inhibit the exaggeration of macrophage M1 polarization in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Mechanistically, we identified that AMTS treatment could attenuate the LPS-induced elevation of protein expression of p-IκBα, nuclear NF-κB-p65, COX2, iNOS, p-P38, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK. Collectively, these data suggest that AMTS could attenuate LPS-induced ALI and the molecular mechanisms should be related to the suppression of the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Jinqian Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Zongqiang Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Fugui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ruirui Kou
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Ruirui Kou, ; Fang Chen,
| | - Fang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Ruirui Kou, ; Fang Chen,
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22
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de Mello AH, Liu T, Garofalo RP, Casola A. Hydrogen Sulfide Donor GYY4137 Rescues NRF2 Activation in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1410. [PMID: 35883901 PMCID: PMC9311616 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause severe respiratory illness in infants, immunocompromised, and older adults. Despite its burden, no vaccine or specific treatment is available. RSV infection is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, degradation of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), and decreased antioxidant enzymes (AOEs), leading to oxidative damage and lung injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gaseous molecule that plays a physiological role in numerous cellular processes and a protective role in multiple pathological conditions, displaying vasoactive, cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. H2S can promote NRF2 activation through the sulfhydration of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, the cytoplasmic repressor of NRF2. Here we investigated whether increasing cellular H2S levels could rescue NRF2 and NRF2-dependent gene expression in RSV-infected primary airway epithelial cells. We found that treatment with the H2S donor GYY4137 significantly increased NRF2 levels and AOEs gene expression by decreasing KEAP1 levels, and by modulating pathways involved in RSV-induced NRF2 degradation, such as NRF2 ubiquitination, and promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein levels. These results suggest that the administration of exogenous H2S can positively impact the altered redox balance associated with RSV infection, which represents an important determinant of RSV-induced lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Haas de Mello
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (A.H.d.M.); (T.L.); (R.P.G.)
| | - Tianshuang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (A.H.d.M.); (T.L.); (R.P.G.)
| | - Roberto P. Garofalo
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (A.H.d.M.); (T.L.); (R.P.G.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Antonella Casola
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (A.H.d.M.); (T.L.); (R.P.G.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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Khattak S, Rauf MA, Khan NH, Zhang QQ, Chen HJ, Muhammad P, Ansari MA, Alomary MN, Jahangir M, Zhang CY, Ji XY, Wu DD. Hydrogen Sulfide Biology and Its Role in Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113389. [PMID: 35684331 PMCID: PMC9181954 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous biologically active gas produced in mammalian tissues. It plays a very critical role in many pathophysiological processes in the body. It can be endogenously produced through many enzymes analogous to the cysteine family, while the exogenous source may involve inorganic sulfide salts. H2S has recently been well investigated with regard to the onset of various carcinogenic diseases such as lung, breast, ovaries, colon cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. H2S is considered an oncogenic gas, and a potential therapeutic target for treating and diagnosing cancers, due to its role in mediating the development of tumorigenesis. Here in this review, an in-detail up-to-date explanation of the potential role of H2S in different malignancies has been reported. The study summarizes the synthesis of H2S, its roles, signaling routes, expressions, and H2S release in various malignancies. Considering the critical importance of this active biological molecule, we believe this review in this esteemed journal will highlight the oncogenic role of H2S in the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (S.K.); (N.H.K.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Mohd Ahmar Rauf
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (S.K.); (N.H.K.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (S.K.); (N.H.K.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Hao-Jie Chen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (S.K.); (N.H.K.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (H.-J.C.)
| | - Pir Muhammad
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Jahangir
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China;
| | - Chun-Yang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Hami Central Hospital, Hami 839000, China
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.J.); (D.-D.W.); Tel.: +86-371-67967151 (C.-Y.Z.); +86-371-23880585 (X.-Y.J.); +86-371-23880525 (D.-D.W.)
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (S.K.); (N.H.K.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (H.-J.C.)
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.J.); (D.-D.W.); Tel.: +86-371-67967151 (C.-Y.Z.); +86-371-23880585 (X.-Y.J.); +86-371-23880525 (D.-D.W.)
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (S.K.); (N.H.K.); (Q.-Q.Z.); (H.-J.C.)
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.J.); (D.-D.W.); Tel.: +86-371-67967151 (C.-Y.Z.); +86-371-23880585 (X.-Y.J.); +86-371-23880525 (D.-D.W.)
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24
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Li JX, Wang ZZ, Zhai GT, Chen CL, Zhu KZ, Yu Z, Liu Z. Untargeted metabolomic profiling identifies disease-specific and outcome-related signatures in chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:727-735.e6. [PMID: 35460727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although metabolomics provides novel insights into disease mechanisms and biomarkers, the metabolic alterations in local tissues affected by chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the metabolomic profiles of sinonasal tissues associated with different types of CRS and their treatment outcomes. METHODS Untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed on sinonasal tissues obtained from patients with eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), noneosinophilic CRSwNP or CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and controls. The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in nasal tissues were detected by quantitative RT-PCR. Nasal polyp tissues were cultured ex vivo and treated with glutathione. RESULTS Distinct metabolomic profiles were observed for the CRS subtypes. Eosinophilic CRSwNP had profoundly enhanced unsaturated fatty acid oxidization, which correlated with mucosal eosinophil numbers and IL-5 mRNA levels. Noneosinophilic CRSwNP was characterized by uric acid accumulation. Increased uric acid levels were positively correlated with mucosal neutrophil numbers and IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-1β, and IL-8 mRNA levels. Disrupted purine metabolism was specifically detected in CRSsNP. Reduced levels of amino acid metabolites were found in eosinophilic CRSwNP and CRSsNP, and were inversely associated with mucosal total inflammatory cell numbers and inflammatory cytokines. Compared to non-difficult-to-treat CRS, difficult-to-treat CRS had higher glutathione disulfide levels, which were positively correlated with IL-8 mRNA levels. Glutathione treatment reduced IL-8 mRNA expression in cultured nasal polyp tissues. CONCLUSIONS Specific metabolic signatures are associated with different types of CRS, inflammatory patterns and disease outcomes, which may provide novel insights into pathophysiological mechanisms, subtype-specific biomarkers, and treatment targets of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe-Zheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guan-Ting Zhai
- Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cai-Ling Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke-Zhang Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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25
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Forton FM. Rosacea, an infectious disease: why rosacea with papulopustules should be considered a demodicosis. A narrative review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:987-1002. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Melguizo-Rodríguez L, García-Recio E, Ruiz C, De Luna-Bertos E, Illescas-Montes R, Costela-Ruiz VJ. Biological properties and therapeutic applications of garlic and its components. Food Funct 2022; 13:2415-2426. [PMID: 35174827 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03180e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Garlic is one of the most widely employed condiments in cooking. It has also been used since ancient times in traditional plant-based medicine, largely based on its organosulfur compounds. The objective of this study was to provide updated information on the biological and therapeutic garlic properties. Garlic has been found to possess important biological properties with high therapeutic potential, which is influenced by the mode of its utilization, preparation, and extraction. It has been attributed with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory capacities. Garlic, in particular its organosulfur compounds, can maintain immune system homeostasis through positive effects on immune cells, especially by regulating cytokine proliferation and expression. This may underlie their usefulness in the treatment of infectious and tumor processes. These compounds can also offer vascular benefits by regulating lipid metabolism or by exerting antihypertensive and antiaggregant effects. However, further clinical trials are warranted to confirm the therapeutic potential of garlic and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research, Ibs.Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, 4a Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique García-Recio
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, Ibs.Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, 4a Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Melilla, University of Granada, C/Santander, 1, 52005, Melilla, Spain
| | - Concepción Ruiz
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research, Ibs.Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, 4a Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Neuroscience Federico Olóriz, University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIBM), Parque de Tecnológico de La Salud (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Elvira De Luna-Bertos
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research, Ibs.Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, 4a Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - Rebeca Illescas-Montes
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Ilustración 60, 18016, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research, Ibs.Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, 4a Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - Víctor J Costela-Ruiz
- Institute of Biosanitary Research, Ibs.Granada, C/Doctor Azpitarte 4, 4a Planta, 18012, Granada, Spain.,Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, C/Cortadura del Valle, Sn, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
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27
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Jin R, Yang R, Cui C, Zhang H, Cai J, Geng B, Chen Z. Ferroptosis due to Cystathionine γ Lyase/Hydrogen Sulfide Downregulation Under High Hydrostatic Pressure Exacerbates VSMC Dysfunction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:829316. [PMID: 35186934 PMCID: PMC8850391 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.829316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrostatic pressure, stretch, and shear are major biomechanical forces of vessels and play critical roles in genesis and development of hypertension. Our previous work demonstrated that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) promoted vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) two novel subsets: inflammatory and endothelial function inhibitory VSMCs and then exacerbated VSMC dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we first identified that aortic GPX4 (a core regulator of ferroptosis) significantly downregulated association with VSMC novel phenotype elevation in SHR rats and hypertension patients. In primary VSMCs, HHP (200 mmHg) increased iron accumulation, ROS production, and lipid peroxidation compared with normal pressure (100 mmHg). Consistently, the ferroptosis-related gene (COX-2, TFRC, ACSL4, and NOX-1) expression was also upregulated. The ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) administration blocked HHP-induced VSMC inflammatory (CXCL2 expression) and endothelial function inhibitory (AKR1C2 expression) phenotyping switch association with elevation in the GPX4 expression, reduction in the reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation production. In contrast, the ferroptosis inducer RLS3 increased HHP-induced CXCL2 and AKR1C2 expressions. These data indicate HHP-triggering ferroptosis contributes to VSMC inflammatory and endothelial function inhibitory phenotyping switch. In mechanism, HHP reduced the VSMC GSH content and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE)/hydrogen sulfide (H2S)—an essential system for GSH generation. Supplementation of the H2S donor-NaHS increased the VSMC GSH level, alleviated iron deposit, ROS and lipid peroxidation production. NaHS administration rescues both HHP- and RLS3-induced ferroptosis. Collectively, HHP downregulated VSMC CSE/H2S triggering GSH level reduction, resulting in ferroptosis, which contributed to the genesis of VSMC inflammation and endothelial function inhibitory phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Geng
- *Correspondence: Bin Geng, ; Zhenzhen Chen,
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Pozzi G, Gobbi G, Masselli E, Carubbi C, Presta V, Ambrosini L, Vitale M, Mirandola P. Buffering Adaptive Immunity by Hydrogen Sulfide. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030325. [PMID: 35159135 PMCID: PMC8834412 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell-mediated adaptive immunity is designed to respond to non-self antigens and pathogens through the activation and proliferation of various T cell populations. T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and Treg cells finely orchestrate cellular responses through a plethora of paracrine and autocrine stimuli that include cytokines, autacoids, and hormones. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of these mediators able to induce/inhibit immunological responses, playing a role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders, asthma, acute pancreatitis, and sepsis. Both endogenous and exogenous H2S modulate numerous important cell signaling pathways. In monocytes, polymorphonuclear, and T cells H2S impacts on activation, survival, proliferation, polarization, adhesion pathways, and modulates cytokine production and sensitivity to chemokines. Here, we offer a comprehensive review on the role of H2S as a natural buffer able to maintain over time a functional balance between Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pozzi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Elena Masselli
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- University Hospital of Parma, AOU-PR, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Cecilia Carubbi
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Valentina Presta
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Luca Ambrosini
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Vitale
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- University Hospital of Parma, AOU-PR, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Italian Foundation for the Research in Balneology, Via Po 22, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (G.P.); (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.P.); (L.A.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (P.M.)
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Oxidative Stress in Plasma from Patients with Marfan Syndrome Is Modulated by Deodorized Garlic Preliminary Findings. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5492127. [PMID: 35082968 PMCID: PMC8786463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5492127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue that affects the fibrillin-1 protein (FBN-1). It is associated with the formation of aneurysms, damage to the endothelium and oxidative stress (OS). Allium sativum (garlic) has antioxidant properties; therefore, the goal of this study was to show the antioxidant effect of deodorized garlic (DG) on antioxidant enzymes and OS markers in the plasma of patients with MFS. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD), peroxidases, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), gluthatione-S-tranferase (GST), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) was quantified, and nonenzymatic antioxidant system markers including lipid peroxidation (LPO), carbonylation, nitrates/nitrites, GSH, and vitamin C in plasma were determined in patients with MFS before and after treatment with DG. The results show that DG increased the activity of the EcSOD, peroxidases, GPx, GST, TrxR (p ≤ 0.05) and decrease LPO, carbonylation, and nitrates/nitrites (p ≤ 0.01). However, glutathione was increased (p = 0.01) in plasma from patients with MFS. This suggests that treatment with garlic could lower the OS threshold by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and could help in the prevention and mitigation of adverse OS in patients with MFS.
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Govindan VP, Murthy K. Promising New Antimalarial Combination Drugs: Garlic And Arteether in Pregnant Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:e100122200124. [PMID: 35016599 DOI: 10.2174/1871526522666220110163945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimalarial prescription remains a challenge in pregnant women because of maternal and fetal complications. Recently, garlic and α-β-arteether combination treatment in malaria-infected mice conferred protection. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of these drugs during pregnancy malaria and its safety measures. OBJECTIVE The study is to evaluate the efficacy of arteether and garlic combination drugs in protection against malaria infected pregnant mice. METHODS Plasmodium berghei-infected pregnant mouse model was used to assess the combination drug efficacy and the outcome of abnormalities of the disease after drug treatment. After optimizing the dose and gestation period, maternal protection was confirmed by parasite clearance in smear and mortality observation. In addition, maternal hematological parameters, different organ histopathology and IgG levels were documented along with the fetal and infant outcomes. RESULTS Arteether monotherapy led to spontaneous fetal abortion or resorption but after the dose optimization and with garlic combination has resulted in completion of the pregnancy and protection against malaria. The derangements observed in the histoarchitecture of organs and hematological parameters caused by malaria infection revealed improvement after drug treatment and the smear observation confirms the clearance of malaria parasite in the peripheral blood, but IgG level was maintained at the same higher level as in malaria-infected mice. CONCLUSIONS The first report of arteether and garlic combination promising high efficacy in protection against malaria-infected pregnant mice ascertain their safety and an effective alternative for pregnancy-associated malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishna Murthy
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, TN, India
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Pretreatment of Garlic Oil Extracts Hampers Epithelial Damage in Cell Culture Model of Peptic Ulcer Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58010091. [PMID: 35056399 PMCID: PMC8780497 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Peptic ulcer disease is a chronic disease affecting up to 10% of the world’s population. Proton pump inhibitors, such as lansoprazole are the gold standard in the treatment of ulcer disease. However, various studies have shown the effectiveness of garlic oil extracts in the treatment of ulcer disease. A cellular model can be established in the human gastric cell line by sodium taurocholate. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of garlic oil extracts pretreatment and LPZ addition in the cell culture model of peptic ulcer disease by examining oxidative stress and F-actin distribution. Materials and Methods: Evaluation was performed by determination of glutathione and prostaglandin E2 concentrations by ELISA; human gastric cell line proliferation by cell counting; expression of ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G, member 2; nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 by RT PCR; and F-actin cytoskeleton visualization by semi-quantification of Rhodamine Phalloidin stain. Results: Our results showed significant reduction of cell damage after sodium taurocholate incubation when the gastric cells were pretreated with lansoprazole (p < 0.001) and increasing concentrations of garlic oil extracts (p < 0.001). Pretreatment with lansoprazole and different concentrations of garlic oil extracts increased prostaglandin E2 and glutathione concentrations in the cell culture model of peptic ulcer disease (p < 0.001). Positive correlation of nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 (p < 0.01) with lansoprazole and garlic oil extracts pretreatment was seen, while ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G, member 2 expression was not changed. Treatment with sodium taurocholate as oxidative stress on F actin structure was less pronounced, although the highest concentration of garlic oil extracts led to a statistically significant increase of total amount of F-actin (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Hence, pretreatment with garlic oil extracts had gastroprotective effect in the cell model of peptic ulcer disease. However, further experiments are needed to fully elucidate the mechanism of this protective role.
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32
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Chen J, Ding X, Chen W, Chen S, Guan Q, Wen J, Chen Z. VEGFR 2 in vascular smooth muscle cells mediates H 2S-induced dilation of the rat cerebral basilar artery. Microvasc Res 2022; 141:104309. [PMID: 34995553 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of present study was to study whether the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) mediates hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-induced relaxation of the rat cerebral vasculature. METHODS Relaxation of cerebral basilar artery (CBA) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was measured by using a pressure myograph system and image analysis system, respectively. The intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in VSMCs was detected using fluorescence imaging analysis. RESULTS We found that H2S donor NaHS induced significant relaxation of VSMCs from the CBA of wild type rat, but in VEGFR2 knockdown VSMCs, NaHS-induced relaxation reduced markedly. In addition, NaHS-induced vasodilation of rat CBA also attenuated obviously when the expression of VEGFR2 was knocked down in vivo. In addition, pretreatment with the VEGFR2 blocker SU5416 likewise lowered the NaHS-induced relaxation of rat CBA. Nevertheless, the VEGFR2 agonist, vascular endothelial growth factor 164 (VEGF164), induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of CBA, which is similar to the effect of NaHS. Furthermore, we found that both NaHS and VEGF164 significantly inhibited the U46619-induced increase of [Ca2+]i fluorescence intensity in the VSMCs. However, the inhibitory effect of NaHS on the [Ca2+]i fluorescence intensity in VSMCs was markedly inhibited by pretreatment with SU5416 or VEGFR2 knockdown. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that H2S-induced CBA dilation and reduction of [Ca2+]i in VSMCs occur by acting on VEGFR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaohong Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Qianjun Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jiyue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Zhiwu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Nie XW, Wang XY, Bian JS. An Updated Insight Into Molecular Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cardiomyopathy and Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Under Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:651884. [PMID: 34764865 PMCID: PMC8576408 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.651884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common complications of diabetes, and diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of people death in diabetes. Molecular, transcriptional, animal, and clinical studies have discovered numerous therapeutic targets or drugs for diabetic cardiomyopathy. Within this, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenous gasotransmitter alongside with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), is found to play a critical role in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Recently, the protective roles of H2S in diabetic cardiomyopathy have attracted enormous attention. In addition, H2S donors confer favorable effects in myocardial infarction, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure under diabetic conditions. Further studies have disclosed that multiplex molecular mechanisms are responsible for the protective effects of H2S against diabetes-elicited cardiac injury, such as anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-necrotic properties. In this review, we will summarize the current findings on H2S biology and pharmacology, especially focusing on the novel mechanisms of H2S-based protection against diabetic cardiomyopathy. Also, the potential roles of H2S in diabetes-aggravated ischaemia-reperfusion injury are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Shenzhen Second People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
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Farag VM, El-Shafei RA, Elkenany RM, Ali HS, Eladl AH. Antimicrobial, immunological and biochemical effects of florfenicol and garlic (Allium sativum) on rabbits infected with Escherichia coli serotype O55: H7. Vet Res Commun 2021; 46:363-376. [PMID: 34755272 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Florfenicol (FFC) is a synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic and garlic has a bactericidal action against coliforms. This study was carried out to compare the antimicrobial, immunological and biochemical effects of florfenicol and garlic, for their ability to treat enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotype O55: H7 infection in rabbits. Four groups (G1-G4) were included. G1 group was the negative control; G2 group was the infected with a field-isolated strain of E. coli and untreated; G3 group was the infected+treated with FFC for 5 days; and G4 group was the infected+treated with garlic tablets for 14 days. The rabbits were observed for clinical signs, growth performance and mortality rates. Garlic-infused disks had a larger clear zone of inhibition than other antibiotic disks. Garlic treatment improved growth performance, biochemical parameters, and immunological response and reduced the fecal shedding and histopathological lesions in E. coli O55: H7 infected rabbits compared to the other groups. Colonization of E. coli more rapidly declined in G3 & G4 than in G2. Hepatic and intestinal gene expressions; tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated in G2 compared to the other groups, and their levels were elevated more in G3 than in G4. Serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and phagocytic activity were significantly elevated in G4 compared to G3. G3 revealed macrocytic hypochromic anaemia that was confirmed histopathologically by moderate haematopoiesis of the bone marrow. In conclusion, garlic powder can reduce rabbit colibacillosis, like FFC, and can enhance the immune status of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verginia M Farag
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham A El-Shafei
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, PO Box: 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Rasha M Elkenany
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S Ali
- Department of Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura branch, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah H Eladl
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Maté I, Martínez de Toda I, Arranz L, Álvarez-Sala JL, De la Fuente M. Accelerated immunosenescence, oxidation and inflammation lead to a higher biological age in COPD patients. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111551. [PMID: 34530106 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by inflammatory and oxidative alterations in the lung and extrapulmonary compartments, through involvement of the immune system. Several leukocyte functions are health markers and good predictors of longevity, and high pro-inflammatory and oxidative states are related to more aged profiles. Here, we aimed to investigate the aging rate in terms of immunosenescence in COPD men with respect to healthy age-matched controls. Several neutrophil (adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, superoxide anion stimulated production) and lymphocyte (adherence, chemotaxis, lymphoproliferation, natural killer activity) functions, cytokine concentrations released in response to lipopolysaccharide (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10) and redox parameters (intracellular glutathione content, basal superoxide anion level) were assessed in circulating leukocytes of men with moderate and severe stages of COPD, and compared to healthy age-matched volunteers. The biological age or aging rate in each participant was determined using the values of leukocyte functions. The results indicated impairment of immune functions in COPD patients, both in innate and adaptive immunity, and higher pro-inflammatory and oxidative states in peripheral leukocytes than controls. In general, these changes were more remarkable at the severe stage of airway obstruction. Importantly, COPD patients were found to be aging at a faster rate than age-matched healthy counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ianire Maté
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Arranz
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Álvarez-Sala
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology (Animal Physiology Unit), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
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Li W, Li M, Qi J. Nano-Drug Design Based on the Physiological Properties of Glutathione. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185567. [PMID: 34577040 PMCID: PMC8469141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is involved in and regulates important physiological functions of the body as an essential antioxidant. GSH plays an important role in anti-oxidation, detoxification, anti-aging, enhancing immunity and anti-tumor activity. Herein, based on the physiological properties of GSH in different diseases, mainly including the strong reducibility of GSH, high GSH content in tumor cells, and the NADPH depletion when GSSH is reduced to GSH, we extensively report the design principles, effect, and potential problems of various nano-drugs in diabetes, cancer, nervous system diseases, fluorescent probes, imaging, and food. These studies make full use of the physiological and pathological value of GSH and develop excellent design methods of nano-drugs related to GSH, which shows important scientific significance and prominent application value for the related diseases research that GSH participates in or responds to.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Qi
- Correspondence: or (M.L.); or (J.Q.)
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Zhu Y, Zhang Q, Wang S, Zhang J, Fan S, Lin X. Current Advances in the Development of Decellularized Plant Extracellular Matrix. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:712262. [PMID: 34368105 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.712262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance exists between the supply of organs for transplantation and the number of patients in the donor transplant waiting lists. Current use of autologous, synthetic, and animal-derived grafts for tissue replacement is limited by the low availability, poor biocompatibility, and high cost. Decellularized plant scaffolds with remarkable physical similarities to human organs have recently emerged and have been found to present favorable characteristics that make them suitable as an alternative biomaterial, such as a superficial surface area, excellent water transport and retention, pre-existing vascular networks, interconnected porosity, and a wide range of mechanical properties. In addition to their unique and superior biocompatibility, plant-derived scaffolds present the advantages of low production cost, no ethical or supply constraints, simple operation and suitability for large-scale production and research. However, there are still some problems and deficiencies in this field, such as immature decellularization standards and methods, insufficient research on the biocompatibility of plant extracellular matrix. At present, research on decellularized plant extracellular matrix is still in its infancy, and its applicability to tissue engineering needs to be further improved. In this review, the current research progress on decellularized plant scaffolds is reviewed, the problems to be solved and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianfeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Heimesaat MM, Mousavi S, Weschka D, Bereswill S. Garlic Essential Oil as Promising Option for the Treatment of Acute Campylobacteriosis-Results from a Preclinical Placebo-Controlled Intervention Study. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061140. [PMID: 34070612 PMCID: PMC8227651 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since human infections with Campylobacter jejuni including antibiotic-resistant strains are rising worldwide, natural compounds might constitute promising antibiotics-independent treatment options for campylobacteriosis. Since the health-beneficial properties of garlic have been known for centuries, we here surveyed the antimicrobial and immune-modulatory effects of garlic essential oil (EO) in acute experimental campylobacteriosis. Therefore, secondary abiotic IL-10-/- mice were orally infected with C. jejuni strain 81-176 and garlic-EO treatment via the drinking water was initiated on day 2 post-infection. Mice from the garlic-EO group displayed less severe clinical signs of acute campylobacteriosis as compared to placebo counterparts that were associated with lower ileal C. jejuni burdens on day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, when compared to placebo application, garlic-EO treatment resulted in alleviated colonic epithelia cell apoptosis, in less pronounced C. jejuni induced immune cell responses in the large intestines, in dampened pro-inflammatory mediator secretion in intestinal and extra-intestinal compartments, and, finally, in less frequent translocation of viable pathogens from the intestines to distinct organs. Given its potent immune-modulatory and disease-alleviating effects as shown in our actual preclinical placebo-controlled intervention study, we conclude that garlic-EO may be considered as promising adjunct treatment option for acute campylobacteriosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus M. Heimesaat
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (S.M.); Tel.: +49-30-450524318 (M.M.H); +49-30-450524315 (S.M.)
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Correspondence: (M.M.H.); (S.M.); Tel.: +49-30-450524318 (M.M.H); +49-30-450524315 (S.M.)
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Junita D, Prasetyo AA, Muniroh M, Kristina TN, Mahati E. The effect of glutathione as adjuvant therapy on levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in wistar rat peritonitis model. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 66:102406. [PMID: 34136205 PMCID: PMC8178079 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peritonitis is the second most common cause of severe sepsis that associated with a significant mortality rate. Due to a large gap of newer antibiotics innovation and antibiotic resistance emergence, the use of antioxidant has a possible alternative as adjuvant therapy in peritonitis management. It has been studied that glutathione as an alternative in the development of new anti-inflammatory effect. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of TNF-α and IL-10 after glutathione administration as adjuvant therapy in rat peritonitis model. Materials and methods Male wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 per group), Group 1: control group (C), Group 2: peritonitis group (P), Group 3: peritonitis + Ceftriaxone group (P + Cef), Group 4: peritonitis + Ceftriaxone + Glutathione group (P + Cef + Glu). Twenty-four hours after peritonitis induction, the blood samples were taken to evaluate TNF-α and IL-10 levels. Results There was a significantly increase of mean TNF-α level in group 2 (P) 473,86 ± 388,99 pg/ml (p value 0,00) and significantly decrease of mean TNF-α level after glutathione injection in group 4 (P + Cef + Glu) (p value 0,02). No significant changes in IL-10 levels in rats peritonitis model. Conclusions Glutathione supplementation is significantly decrease the mean level of TNF-α in rats induced peritonitis, however there is no difference compare to antibiotic only. Moreover, there no significant changes level of IL-10 in rats induced peritonitis after glutathione injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dila Junita
- General Surgery Department, Diponegoro University / Dr. Kariadi Central Hospital Semarang, 50244, Indonesia
| | - Agung Aji Prasetyo
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Diponegoro University / Dr. Kariadi Central Hospital Semarang, 50244, Indonesia
| | - Muflihatul Muniroh
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
| | - Tri Nur Kristina
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
| | - Endang Mahati
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia
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Saini N, Kadian M, khera A, Aggarwal A, Kumar A. Therapeutic potential of Allium Sativum against the Aβ (1-40)-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the Wistar rats. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE 2021; 10:13-27. [PMID: 34084662 PMCID: PMC8166581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
From the early stages of any neurodegenerative-disease mitochondrial functionality has been mortally extricated, though the exact timeline of these events is still unclear, it is likely to represent a progressive neurons-decline and cognitive-functions. Hence strategies suggested by herbal extract to restore mitochondrial functions may be a remedial approach to chronic neurodegenerative disorder like Alzheimer's disease (AD). This research was designed to evaluate if Aβ1-40 induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction could be inhibited by Allium Sativum (AS) supplementation. AD was induced by a single intra-hippocampal injection of Aβ1-40 (5 μg/4 μl), while herbal supplementation was given orally (100, 250, 500 mg/kg body weight, daily) for 3 weeks. Morris water maze was used to assess cognitive function shows deficits in Aβ1-40 treated animals, there is no significant alteration in locomotor function as examined by actophotometer. This was accompanied by enhancement in oxidative stress indicating by accentuated ROS and protein carbonyl levels. Concomitantly, decrease in activity of antioxidant enzymes was observed in diseased animals; as expressed by reduced superoxide-dismutase and catalase activity, as well as reduction in GSH levels and impaired mitochondrial functions. Medium dose of AS has been found effective in restoring the memory impairment along with antioxidant levels but high dose is more efficient as observed in the Aβ1-40 treated rats. High dose of AS, on the other hand significantly ameliorates the mitochondrial-dysfunction in comparison to medium dose. Taken together, the findings reveal that AS reverses Aβ1-40 induced brain alteration, it could be an efficient clinical mitigation action against AD growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Saini
- Division of Pharmacology, UIPS, Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014, India
| | - Monika Kadian
- Division of Pharmacology, UIPS, Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014, India
| | - Alka khera
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012, India
| | - Aanchal Aggarwal
- National Agri Food Biotechnology InstituteMohali 140308, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, UIPS, Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014, India
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Hepatoprotective Effect of Mixture of Dipropyl Polysulfides in Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031022. [PMID: 33809904 PMCID: PMC8004208 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main biologically active components of plants belonging to the genus Allium, responsible for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory, are organosulfur compounds. The aim of this study was to synthetize the mixture of dipropyl polysulfides (DPPS) and to test their biological activity in acute hepatitis. C57BL/6 mice were administered orally with DPPS 6 h before intravenous injection of Concanavalin A (ConA). Liver inflammation, necrosis and hepatocytes apoptosis were determined by histological analyses. Cytokines in liver tissue were determined by ELISA, expression of adhesive molecules and enzymes by RT PCR, while liver mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. DPPS pretreatment significantly attenuated liver inflammation and injury, as evidenced by biochemical and histopathological observations. In DPPS-pretreated mice, messenger RNA levels of adhesion molecules and NADPH oxidase complex were significantly reduced, while the expression of SOD enzymes was enhanced. DPPS pretreatment decreased protein level of inflammatory cytokines and increased percentage of T regulatory cells in the livers of ConA mice. DPPS showed hepatoprotective effects in ConA-induced hepatitis, characterized by attenuation of inflammation and affection of Th17/Treg balance in favor of T regulatory cells and implicating potential therapeutic usage of DPPS mixture in inflammatory liver diseases.
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Miao J, Yang X, Shang X, Gao Z, Li Q, Hong Y, Wu J, Meng T, Yuan H, Hu F. Hepatocyte-targeting and microenvironmentally responsive glycolipid-like polymer micelles for gene therapy of hepatitis B. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:127-139. [PMID: 33738144 PMCID: PMC7943969 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B (HB) is a viral infectious disease that seriously endangers human health, and since there are no radical drugs to counter this, effective and safe therapies urgently need to be developed. HB virus (HBV) mainly infects hepatocytes (HCs), while the drugs are easily phagocytosed by Kupffer cells (KCs). In this study, the glutathione concentration difference between HCs and KCs was examined and utilized in an ideal drug-release strategy. Here, galactosylated chitosan-oligosaccharide-SS-octadecylamine (Gal-CSSO) was prepared to accurately deliver 10-23 DNAzyme DrzBC (blocking HBeAg expression) or DrzBS (blocking HBsAg expression) in targeted HB therapy. In vitro Gal-CSSO systems exhibited low cytotoxicity, endosomal escape, and glutathione responsiveness. The HBeAg and HBsAg secretion of HepG2.2.15 was significantly decreased by Gal-CSSO systems, and the maximum inhibition rates were 1.82-fold and 2.38-fold greater than those of commercial Lipofectamine 2000 (Lipo2000) systems. In vivo Gal-CSSO systems exhibited HC targeting and HC microenvironmental responsiveness without noticeable hepatotoxicity or systemic toxicity. The HBeAg and HBsAg titers of the HBV-infected mice were evidently decreased by Gal-CSSO systems, and the inhibition rates were 1.52-fold and 1.22-fold greater than those of Lipo2000 systems. This study presents a kind of glycolipid-like polymer micelles that promise efficient and safe gene therapy of HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiqin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuwei Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yun Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Corresponding author: Jiaying Wu, PhD, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author: Fuqiang Hu, PhD, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Oxidative Stress, Plant Natural Antioxidants, and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041786. [PMID: 33670130 PMCID: PMC7916866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is important in the pathophysiology of obesity, altering regulatory factors of mitochondrial activity, modifying the concentration of inflammation mediators associated with a large number and size of adipocytes, promoting lipogenesis, stimulating differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes, and regulating the energy balance in hypothalamic neurons that control appetite. This review discusses the participation of oxidative stress in obesity and the important groups of compounds found in plants with antioxidant properties, which include (a) polyphenols such as phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonoids (flavonols, flavanols, anthocyanins, flavanones, flavones, flavanonols, and isoflavones), and curcuminoids (b) carotenoids, (c) capsaicinoids and casinoids, (d) isothiocyanates, (e) catechins, and (f) vitamins. Examples are analyzed, such as resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, ferulic acid, phloretin, green tea, Hibiscus Sabdariffa, and garlic. The antioxidant activities of these compounds depend on their activities as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and on their capacity to prevent the activation of NF-κB (nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), and reduce the expression of target genes, including those participating in inflammation. We conclude that natural compounds have therapeutic potential for diseases mediated by oxidative stress, particularly obesity. Controlled and well-designed clinical trials are still necessary to better know the effects of these compounds.
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Xu B, Hu R, Liang Z, Chen T, Chen J, Hu Y, Jiang Y, Li Y. Metabolic regulation of the bone marrow microenvironment in leukemia. Blood Rev 2020; 48:100786. [PMID: 33353770 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Most leukemia patients experience little benefit from immunotherapy, in part due to the immunosuppressive bone marrow microenvironment. Various metabolic mechanisms orchestrate the behaviors of immune cells and leukemia cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. Furthermore, leukemia cells regulate the bone marrow microenvironment through metabolism to generate an adequate supply of energy and to escape antitumor immune surveillance. Thus, the targeting of the interaction between leukemia cells and the bone marrow microenvironment provides a new therapeutic avenue. In this review, we describe the concept of the bone marrow microenvironment and several important metabolic processes of leukemia cells within the bone marrow microenvironment, including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. In addition, we discuss how these metabolic pathways regulate antitumor immunity and reveal potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Zhao Liang
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Yuxing Hu
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Yirong Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523059, PR China.
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), 510005 Guangzhou, PR China.
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Polysulfide and Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorate Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Renal Inflammation through Persulfidating STAT3 and IKKβ. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207805. [PMID: 33096924 PMCID: PMC7589167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapy for the treatment of various tumors, is clinically limited due to its extensive nephrotoxicity. Inflammatory response in tubular cells is a driving force for cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The plant-derived agents are widely used to relieve cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction in preclinical studies. Polysulfide and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are ubiquitously expressed in garlic, and both of them are documented as potential agents for preventing and treating inflammatory disorders. This study was designed to determine whether polysulfide and H2S could attenuate cisplatin nephrotoxicity through suppression of inflammatory factors. In renal proximal tubular cells, we found that sodium tetrasulfide (Na2S4), a polysulfide donor, and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and GYY4137, two H2S donors, ameliorated cisplatin-caused renal toxicity through suppression of the massive production of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Mechanistically, the anti-inflammatory actions of Na2S4 and H2S may be mediated by persulfidation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and inhibitor kappa B kinase β (IKKβ), followed by decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 and IKKβ. Moreover, the nuclear translocation of nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB), and phosphorylation and degradation of nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor protein alpha (IκBα) induced by cisplatin, were also mitigated by both polysulfide and H2S. In mice, after treatment with polysulfide and H2S donors, cisplatin-associated renal dysfunction was strikingly ameliorated, as evidenced by measurement of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, renal morphology, and the expression of renal inflammatory factors. Our present work suggests that polysulfide and H2S could afford protection against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, possibly via persulfidating STAT3 and IKKβ and inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory cascade. Our results might shed light on the potential benefits of garlic-derived polysulfide and H2S in chemotherapy-induced renal damage.
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S-Allylcysteine Protects Against Excitotoxic Damage in Rat Cortical Slices Via Reduction of Oxidative Damage, Activation of Nrf2/ARE Binding, and BDNF Preservation. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:929-940. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dilek N, Papapetropoulos A, Toliver-Kinsky T, Szabo C. Hydrogen sulfide: An endogenous regulator of the immune system. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105119. [PMID: 32781284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now recognized as an endogenous signaling gasotransmitter in mammals. It is produced by mammalian cells and tissues by various enzymes - predominantly cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) - but part of the H2S is produced by the intestinal microbiota (colonic H2S-producing bacteria). Here we summarize the available information on the production and functional role of H2S in the various cell types typically associated with innate immunity (neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils) and adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes) under normal conditions and as it relates to the development of various inflammatory and immune diseases. Special attention is paid to the physiological and the pathophysiological aspects of the oral cavity and the colon, where the immune cells and the parenchymal cells are exposed to a special "H2S environment" due to bacterial H2S production. H2S has many cellular and molecular targets. Immune cells are "surrounded" by a "cloud" of H2S, as a result of endogenous H2S production and exogenous production from the surrounding parenchymal cells, which, in turn, importantly regulates their viability and function. Downregulation of endogenous H2S producing enzymes in various diseases, or genetic defects in H2S biosynthetic enzyme systems either lead to the development of spontaneous autoimmune disease or accelerate the onset and worsen the severity of various immune-mediated diseases (e.g. autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis or asthma). Low, regulated amounts of H2S, when therapeutically delivered by small molecule donors, improve the function of various immune cells, and protect them against dysfunction induced by various noxious stimuli (e.g. reactive oxygen species or oxidized LDL). These effects of H2S contribute to the maintenance of immune functions, can stimulate antimicrobial defenses and can exert anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahzli Dilek
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Tracy Toliver-Kinsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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An L, Zhao J, Sun X, Zhou Y, Zhao Z. S-allylmercaptocysteine inhibits mucin overexpression and inflammation via MAPKs and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:105032. [PMID: 32574825 PMCID: PMC7305891 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cytokine storm is an important cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Excessive secretion and accumulation of mucins on the surface of airway cause airway obstruction and exacerbate lung infections. MUC5AC and MUC5B are the main secreted mucins and overexpressed in various inflammatory responses. S-allylmercaptocysteine, a water-soluble organic sulfur compound extracted from garlic, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects for various pulmonary diseases. The aim of this work was to investigate the therapeutic effects of SAMC on mucin overproduction and inflammation in 16HBE cells and LPS-induced ARDS mice. Results show that SAMC treatment ameliorated inflammatory cell infiltration and lung histopathological changes in the LPS-induced ARDS mice. SAMC also inhibited the expressions of MUC5AC and MUC5B, decreased the production of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, CD86 and IL-12) and increased the production of anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10, CD206 and TGF-β). These results confirm that SAMC had potential beneficial effects on suppressed hyperinflammation and mucin overexpression. Furthermore, SAMC exerted the therapeutic effects through the inhibition of phosphorylation of MAPKs and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways in the 16HBE cells and mice. Overall, our results demonstrate the effects of SAMC on the LPS-induced mucin overproduction and inflammation both in the 16HBE cells and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheelloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Jianxiong Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheelloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheelloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheelloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheelloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Shandong Key University Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Systems, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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Moosavian SP, Paknahad Z, Habibagahi Z, Maracy M. The effects of garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, fatigue, and clinical symptoms in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2953-2962. [PMID: 32478922 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Based on the antiinflammatory properties of garlic, current study was conducted to evaluate the garlic supplement effects on serum levels of some inflammatory biomarkers, clinical symptoms, and fatigue in women with active rheumatoid arthritis. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial study, 70 women with RA were randomly divided into two groups: The intervention group was supplemented with 1,000 mg of garlic, and the control group received placebo for 8 weeks. At baseline and at the end of the study, clinical symptoms, fatigue, serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were determined. After intervention, serum levels of CRP (p = .018) and TNF-a (p < .001) decreased significantly in the garlic group as compared with the placebo group. Also, pain intensity, tender joint count, disease activity score (DAS-28), and fatigue were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < .001; for all). Swollen joint count was significantly decreased in the garlic group (p < .001), but not in the placebo group (p = .123). No significant changes were observed for ESR. Garlic supplementation by improving inflammatory mediators and clinical symptoms can be considered as a potential adjunct treatment in patients with RA. However, further studies with larger duration are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Habibagahi
- Department of Rheumatology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Glorieux G, Gryp T, Perna A. Gut-Derived Metabolites and Their Role in Immune Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12040245. [PMID: 32290429 PMCID: PMC7232434 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12040245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several of the uremic toxins, which are difficult to remove by dialysis, originate from the gut bacterial metabolism. This opens opportunities for novel targets trying to decrease circulating levels of these toxins and their pathophysiological effects. The current review focuses on immunomodulatory effects of these toxins both at their side of origin and in the circulation. In the gut end products of the bacterial metabolism such as p-cresol, trimethylamine and H2S affect the intestinal barrier structure and function while in the circulation the related uremic toxins stimulate cells of the immune system. Both conditions contribute to the pro-inflammatory status of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Generation and/or absorption of these toxin precursors could be targeted to decrease plasma levels of their respective uremic toxins and to reduce micro-inflammation in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Glorieux
- Nephrology Division, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-9-3324511
| | - Tessa Gryp
- Nephrology Division, Ghent University Hospital and Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Alessandra Perna
- First Division of Nephrology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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