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Mustakallio M, Iisakkala V, Impola M, Nurmi C, Puustinen J, Kunvik S. Effect of nutritional guidance on employee work ability, work well-being and quality of life (RAVI trial): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 140:107517. [PMID: 38552869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The minority of working-age Finns eat according to the national and Nordic nutritional guidelines and increasing numbers of health problems affect the Finnish workforce. Coincidently recruiting new workers in the more rural areas of Finland, such as Satakunta, has been problematic. To optimize the use of the existing workforce, health promotion interventions focusing on nutrition have been suggested to improve the health and well-being of the current working age Finns. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The aim of this RCT study is to assess the effectiveness of a 12-month multifactorial nutritional guidance intervention to improve work ability (performance), work well-being, health-related quality of life, work productivity, sickness absence, dietary intake and eating habits. In total, six small or medium-sized companies and their employees (n = 170) from the Satakunta region will be recruited. Companies will be randomized 1:1 to a 12-month multifactorial nutritional guidance intervention group (INT) or a control group (CG). Comprehensive measurements are taken before randomization (baseline) and at the end of the 12-month study period. Primary outcomes (work ability, work well-being and health-related quality of life) are measured with Work Ability Index, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale short questionnaire and EQ-5D. Dietary intake and eating habits are measured with 3-day food records and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). DISCUSSION This study will provide nationally important data on how workplace nutrition guidance affects work-related outcomes, quality of life, and nutritional and overall health status among working age Finns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Mustakallio
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Veera Iisakkala
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Mika Impola
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Cimmo Nurmi
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Juha Puustinen
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland; Satakunta Welfare Region, Satasairaala, Unit of Neurology, Pori, Finland.
| | - Susanna Kunvik
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
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Andersen LL. Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention at the Workplace. Annu Rev Public Health 2024; 45:337-357. [PMID: 37788631 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-060222-035619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The concept of workplace safety and health has focused largely on preventing accidents and on minimizing hazardous exposures. However, because workers spend a substantial part of their waking hours at the workplace, the potential to influence the health of a large proportion of the world's population through the workplace is enormous. The opportunities to carry out health promotion and chronic disease prevention activities at the workplace are countless, including (a) health screening; (b) tobacco cessation activities; (c) the promotion of healthy food choices and weight loss; (d) active breaks with physical exercise in terms of microexercise, enhancement of infrastructure to stimulate physical activity, and organization of work tasks to facilitate incidental physical activity; and (e) routine vaccinations. This review discusses the key factors necessary to implement health promotion and chronic disease prevention programs at the workplace (SWOLE model) and discusses the different foci and possibilities with respect to the differing nature of work for the blue- versus white-collar workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Louis Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Stubelj M, Širok K, Laporšek S, Perčič S. Factors Influencing the Degree of Employee Involvement in Preventive Nutrition and Physical Activity Web-Based Programs in Medium and Small Enterprises. Nutrients 2023; 15:5129. [PMID: 38140388 PMCID: PMC10747149 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study was part of a comprehensive workplace health promotion program (WHPP) implemented in the work environment of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Western Slovenia, which included web-based educational campaigns aimed at promoting positive lifestyle changes among workers, including healthy eating habits and physical activity. As part of this program, which included campaigns in the areas of stress management, ergonomics, sleep hygiene, communication, work climate, and absenteeism, we developed and examined the engagement frequency in web-based content on healthy eating and physical activity for the companies included in the WHPP. This part of the project lasted from 2020 to 2022. Prior to the educational campaign, participants voluntarily completed a screening questionnaire. We analyzed the patterns of 370 workers in terms of their job classification (predominantly sedentary, predominantly standing, or predominantly physical), body mass index (BMI), gender, age, and selected indicators of diet and physical activity. Of the 88 companies participating in the WHPP, 26 took part in our web-based educational campaigns on nutrition and physical activity. Through an empirical analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics and a linear regression, we found that, on average, the engagement frequency (i.e., proportion of educational personal e-mails read) was highest among men with sedentary work, with older employees participating more actively than expected. Moreover, workers with good dietary habits and a favorable BMI proved to be the most avid readers of the web-based campaigns. Despite the overall low participant engagement frequency, it is clear that web-based educational campaigns are more appealing to workers with sedentary jobs and good dietary habits. This study provides valuable information on the potential effectiveness of appropriate workplace health promotion campaigns for SMEs and public health practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Stubelj
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia; (M.S.); (K.Š.)
| | - Klemen Širok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia; (M.S.); (K.Š.)
| | - Suzana Laporšek
- Faculty of Management, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia;
| | - Simona Perčič
- National Institute of Public Health Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Supples MW, McIlwain JS, Snavely AC, Powell SL, Winslow JE, Stopyra JP, Mahler SA. Workplace Health Promotion Programs Available to Emergency Medical Services Clinicians in North Carolina. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2023; 28:335-341. [PMID: 37669502 DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2023.2256391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians demonstrate a high prevalence of chronic medical conditions that place them at risk for early mortality. Workplace health promotion programs improve health outcomes, but the availably of such programs for EMS clinicians has not been described. We investigate the availability, scope, and participation of workplace health promotion programs available to EMS clinicians in North Carolina (NC). METHODS We administered an electronic survey based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Worksite Health ScoreCard to key representatives of EMS agencies within NC that provide primarily transport-capable 9-1-1 response with ground ambulances. We collected information on agency size, rurality, elements of health promotion programs offered, incentives for participation, and participation rate. We calculated descriptive statistics using frequency and percentage for worksite and health promotion program characteristics. We compared the participation rate for agencies who did and did not incentivize participation using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Complete responses were received from 69 of 92 agencies (response = 75%) that collectively employ 6679 EMS clinicians [median employees per agency 71 (IQR 50-131)]. Most agencies (88.4%, 61/69) offered at least one element of a worksite health program, but only 13.0% (9/69) offered all elements of a worksite health program. In descending order, the availability of program elements were employee assistance programs (73.9%, 51/69), supportive physical and social environment (66.7%, 46/69), health education (62.3%, 43/69), health risk assessments (52.2%, 36/69), and organization culture of health promotion (20.3%, 14/69). Of agencies with programs, few (11.5%, 7/61) required participation, but most (59.0%, 36/61) offered incentives to participate. Participation rates were <25% among nearly all of the agencies that did not offer incentives, but >50% among most agencies that did offer incentives (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION While most agencies offer at least one element of a worksite health promotion program, few agencies offer all elements and participation rates are low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Supples
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joseph S McIlwain
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anna C Snavely
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen L Powell
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - James E Winslow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Emergency Medical Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason P Stopyra
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Simon A Mahler
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Melián-Fleitas L, Franco-Pérez Á, Sanz-Valero J, Wanden-Berghe C. Population Interest in Information on Obesity, Nutrition, and Occupational Health and Its Relationship with the Prevalence of Obesity: An Infodemiological Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3773. [PMID: 37686805 PMCID: PMC10489826 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and analyze population interest in obesity, nutrition, and occupational health and safety and its relationship with the worldwide prevalence of obesity through information search trends. METHOD In this ecological study, data were obtained through online access to Google Trends using the topics "obesity", "nutrition", and "occupational health and safety". Obesity data were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) website for crude adult prevalence and estimates by region. The variables studied were relative search volume (RSV), temporal evolution, milestone, trend, and seasonality. The temporal evolution of the search trends was examined by regression analysis (R2). To assess the relationship between quantitative variables, the Spearman correlation coefficient (Rho) was used. Seasonality was verified using the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test. RESULTS The RSV trends were as follows: obesity (R2 = 0.04, p = 0.004); nutrition (R2 = 0.42, p < 0.001); and occupational health and safety (R2 = 0.45, p < 0.001). The analysis of seasonality showed the absence of a temporal pattern (p < 0.05 for all terms). The associations between world obesity prevalence (WOP) and the different RSVs were as follows: WOP versus RSV obesity, Rho = -0.79, p = 0.003; WOP versus RSV nutrition, Rho = 0.57, p = 0.044; and WOP versus RSV occupational health and safety, Rho = -0.93, p = 0.001. CONCLUSIONS Population interest in obesity continues to be a trend in countries with the highest prevalence, although there are clear signs popularity loss in favor of searches focused on possible solutions and treatments, with a notable increase in searches related to nutrition and diet. Despite the fact that most people spend a large part of their time in the workplace and that interventions including various strategies have been shown to be useful in combating overweight and obesity, there has been a decrease in the population's interest in information related to obesity in the workplace. This information can be used as a guide for public health approaches to obesity and its relationship to nutrition and a healthy diet, approaches that are of equal utility and applicability in occupational health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Melián-Fleitas
- Nutrition Department, University of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain;
- Geriatric Service, Insular Hospital, Health Services Management of the Health Area of Lanzarote, 35500 Arrecife, Spain
| | - Álvaro Franco-Pérez
- Playa Blanca Health Center, Health Services Management of the Health Area of Lanzarote, 35580 Playa Blanca, Spain
| | - Javier Sanz-Valero
- National School of Occupational Medicine, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carmina Wanden-Berghe
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL), University General Hospital, 03010 Alicante, Spain;
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Palomo-Llinares R, Sánchez-Tormo J, Wanden-Berghe C, Sanz-Valero J. Occupational Health Applied Infodemiological Studies of Nutritional Diseases and Disorders: Scoping Review with Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3575. [PMID: 37630765 PMCID: PMC10457772 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: to identify and review existing infodemiological studies on nutritional disorders applied to occupational health and to analyse the effect of the intervention on body mass index (BMI) or alternatively body weight (BW); (2) Methods: This study involved a critical analysis of articles retrieved from MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American, and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Medicina en Español (MEDES) using the descriptors "Nutrition Disorders, "Occupational Health" and "Infodemiology", applying the filters "Humans" and "Adult: 19+ years". The search was conducted on 29 May 2021; (3) Results: a total of 357 references were identified from the bibliographic database searches; after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 11 valid studies were obtained for the review. Interventions could be categorised into (1) interventions related to lifestyle, physical activity, and dietary changes through education programmes, (2) interventions associated with lifestyle, physical activity, and dietary changes through the use of telemonitoring systems or self-help applications, (3) interventions tied to lifestyle, physical activity, and dietary changes through control and/or social network support groups, and (4) interventions linked to changes in the work environment, including behavioural change training and work environment training tasks. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the heterogeneity present when analysing the results for BMI was 72% (p < 0.01), which decreased to 0% (p = 0.57) when analysing the outcomes for weight, in which case the null hypothesis of homogeneity could be accepted. In all instances, the final summary of the effect was on the decreasing side for both BMI and BW; (4) Conclusions: Despite the high heterogeneity of the results reported, the trend shown in all cases indicates that the intervention methodologies implemented by empowering individuals through Web 2.0 technologies are positive in terms of the problem of overweight. Further implementation of novel strategies to support individuals is needed to overcome obesity, and, at least in the early studies, these strategies seem to be making the necessary change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Palomo-Llinares
- Department of Public Health and History of Science, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain;
| | - Julia Sánchez-Tormo
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL), Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 30010 Alicante, Spain; (J.S.-T.); (C.W.-B.)
| | - Carmina Wanden-Berghe
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL), Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 30010 Alicante, Spain; (J.S.-T.); (C.W.-B.)
| | - Javier Sanz-Valero
- Department of Public Health and History of Science, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain;
- National School of Occupational Medicine, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Garibay-Lagos CS, Martos-Boira MI, Landeta-Iza E, Contreras-González GB, Wanden-Berghe C, Sanz-Valero J. Occupational Health of Health-Care Workers with Overnutrition: Scoping Review with Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3416. [PMID: 37571353 PMCID: PMC10421247 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Objective: To review the scientific literature on the impact of interventions to enhance the occupational health of health-care workers with overnutrition. (2) Methods: Scoping review with meta-analysis. Data were obtained by consulting the following bibliographic databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), and Medicina en Español (MEDES). The terms used as descriptors and as text in the title and abstract fields of the records were "health workers", "overnutrition", and "occupational health", using the filters "human", "adult": 19+ years", and "clinical trial". The search update date was January 2023. The documentary quality of the articles was evaluated using the CONSORT questionnaire and the presence of bias was assessed using the Rob 2.0 tool. (3) Results: From the 611 digitally retrieved references, 17 clinical trials were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CONSORT scores ranged from a minimum of 14.6% to a maximum of 91.7%, with a median of 68.8%. According to the SIGN criteria, this review provided "1" evidence with a grade B recommendation. Six different types of intervention were tested, grouped into strategies ranging from a single intervention to a combination of four interventions. The summary effect of the meta-analysis showed significant weight loss, but no association with reduced body mass index. (4) Conclusions: While workplace interventions have been shown to be potentially effective, and strategies using different types of interventions have been proven to be useful in tackling overnutrition, an effective and sustainable solution for changing the behavior of health professionals to tackle overweight and obesity has yet to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carmina Wanden-Berghe
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Javier Sanz-Valero
- Carlos III Health Institute, National School of Occupational Medicine, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Schaller N, Blume K, Hornig M, Senker L, Wolfarth B, Schuster T, Halle M, Esefeld K. Occupational life-style programme over 12 months and changes of metabolic risk profile, vascular function, and physical fitness in blue-collar workers. J Occup Med Toxicol 2023; 18:4. [PMID: 36949505 PMCID: PMC10031996 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-023-00370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational health programmes have been successfully implemented to improve body composition, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk. However, most programmes have been small and have not included long-term evaluation. Therefore, we evaluated a twelve-month life-style change programme in a German refinery. METHODS We offered a supervised six-week endurance exercise programme (2 × 90 min/week), starting after a two-day life-style seminar. After the active intervention and a half-day refresher seminar, employees were encouraged to continue exercising over one year on their own, with monthly supervised sessions to maintain adherence. Anthropometry, bicycle ergometry, cardio-metabolic risk profile, inflammatory parameters, and vascular function e.g. endothelial function was studied at baseline, after three and after twelve months. RESULTS Of 550 employees, n = 327 (age 40.8 ± 9.7 years, 88% males) participated in the study. Twelve-month intervention was associated with a reduced waist circumference (92.6 ± 12.2 to 90.8 ± 11.7 cm, 95% confidence interval for the mean change (CI): -2.5 to -1.1 cm) and a gain in maximal exercise capacity (202 ± 39.6 to 210 ± 38.9 Watt; 95% CI: + 5.1 to + 10.9 Watt). Metabolic and inflammatory parameters likewise HbA1c and C-reactive protein improved in central tendency at a local 95% level of confidence. Vascular function e.g. Reactive-Hyperaemia-Index revealed a slight reduction, whereas no statistically robust changes in mean Cardio-Ankle-Vascular-Index and mean Ankle-Brachial-Index were observed. CONCLUSION Health education added by a six-week supervised exercise programme was associated with minor long-term twelve-month improvements of body composition as well as physical fitness and a concomitant improvement of inflammatory state. These changes were, however, not clinically relevant and not accompanied by statistically robust improvements of vascular function. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinTrialsGov: NCT01919632; date of registration: August 9, 2013; retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Schaller
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University Hospital (Klinikum rechts der Isar), Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, Munich, Germany.
| | - Katharina Blume
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University Hospital (Klinikum rechts der Isar), Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, Munich, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine, Humboldt-University, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Hornig
- Moving - Gesundheitsmanagement GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludger Senker
- Occupational Medicine Centers Northwest e.V. (Arbeitsmedizinische Zentren Nordwest e.V.), AMZ Lingen (Ems), Nordhorn, Germany
- BP Europa SE, Lingen Refinery, Lingen (Ems), Germany
| | - Bernd Wolfarth
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University Hospital (Klinikum rechts der Isar), Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, Munich, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine, Humboldt-University, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute for Applied Scientific Training, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tibor Schuster
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Halle
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University Hospital (Klinikum rechts der Isar), Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Esefeld
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, University Hospital (Klinikum rechts der Isar), Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, Munich, Germany
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Arshad A, Shaheen F, Safdar W, Tariq MR, Navid MT, Qazi AS, Awan MA, Sajid MW, Garti HK. A PRECEDE-PROCEED model-based educational intervention to promote healthy eating habits in middle school girls. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1318-1327. [PMID: 36911841 PMCID: PMC10002990 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop Nutrition Education Program (NEP) based on PRECEDE-PROCEED model (PPM) to address healthy eating behavior among middle school girls aged between 4 and 12 years. For this, middle school girls from grade 1 to 8 (n = 900) were consulted for their eating behaviors, followed by the analysis of their health problems. From 15 different schools of three large cities (Faisalabad, Lahore, and Rawalpindi) of Pakistan, students were divided into two groups: control group (n = 30) and intervention group (n = 30) from each school. The data were collected through interview-based questionnaires according to the phases of PRECEDE Model and evaluated based on PROCEED model. Implementation of NEP was carried out through lectures. Lessons were prepared to enhance student's awareness about nutritious food and healthy lifestyle through educational pamphlets and influenced their attitude towards selection of food choices from My-Plate. Results showed that NEP was quite successful for long-term results. A significant increase in total caloric intake was observed after 8 weeks of NEP intervention (1694 ± 217 Kcal) as compared to before intervention (1329 ± 318 Kcal). Similarly, carbohydrate, protein, and fat content was also increased in daily diet. Conclusively, NEP based on PPM has great impact on healthy lifestyle of middle school girls. Significant difference was observed in score of health variables before and after NEP intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Arshad
- Quaid‐e‐Azam Medical CollegeBahawalpurPakistan
| | | | - Waseem Safdar
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of Medical Sciences, The MallRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Muhammad R. Tariq
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
| | - Muhammad T. Navid
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of Medical Sciences, The MallRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Asma S. Qazi
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of Medical Sciences, The MallRawalpindiPakistan
| | | | - Muhammad W. Sajid
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of SciencesCOMSATS University Islamabad‐Sahiwal CampusSahiwalPakistan
| | - Humphrey K. Garti
- Department of Nutritional SciencesSchool of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies GhanaTamaleGhana
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Al-Nuaim A, Safi A. The Correlation of Built Environment on Hypertension, and Weight Status amongst Adolescence in Saudi Arabia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192416763. [PMID: 36554642 PMCID: PMC9779449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension is becoming more common in children and adolescents than ever before. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between the built environment on physical activity, sedentary behaviour, waist circumference, and health amongst adolescents in Saudi Arabia. A systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate and waist circumference of 380 boys and girls aged between 15-19 years old (male = 199 and females = 181) were measured. The International physical activity Questionnaire Short Form was used to assess the physical activity levels and time spent sitting. The statistical analysis conducted were means and standard deviation, 2-way and 3-way of variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni post hoc tests, Chi-squared distribution and Pearson's correlations. Among males, 16.75% were classified as hypertensive, 12.69% as pre-hypertensive, and 70.56% as normal whereas, females, 23.20% were classified as hypertensive, 12.15% as pre-hypertensive and 64.64% as normal. There were significant differences (F1,379 = 16.50, p < 0.001) between males and females waist circumference. Pearson's correlation also revealed significant positive relationships in sedentary time (r = 0.123, p < 0.016), WC (r = 0.104, p < 0.043), and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.110, p < 0.032). The results revealed that systolic and diastolic blood pressure are significantly related to multiple measures of weight status, and sedentary behaviour. The results also highlight that active youth had lower resting heart rate compared to inactive peers. The present findings provide a foundation of knowledge for future research and highlight the major need for research and policy interventions, to address the concerning health habits of Al-Ahsa youth and broader Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Al-Nuaim
- Physical Education Department, Education College, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayazullah Safi
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
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11
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Frates B, Smith A. Nutrition and behavior change: a review of recent literature. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2022; 25:407-414. [PMID: 35975962 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current article will highlight recent trends and novel approaches to behavior change strategies in nutrition. Physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals play key roles in counseling patients on lifestyle change, which is critical for patients with chronic conditions. Nutrition science continues to advance, and new approaches to behavior change are needed for successful implementation at the individual and population level. RECENT FINDINGS The solutions to obstacles around healthful eating patterns are varied, population-dependent, and require a multipronged approach. One area of focus is the language around behavior change, ensuring it is clear and emphasizes its multifactorial nature. For young adults, the careful use of video games and social media may be essential. For older adults, altering food consistency and ensuring proper nutrient intake are crucial factors. Vulnerable populations remain susceptible to malnutrition and need special attention. Despite significant advances in managing and treating diseases, there are still gaps in nutrition counseling and behavior change efforts. SUMMARY Every age and stage of life needs a focus on healthful foods, and nutrition counseling at each stage has its unique nuances. Careful attention to the language of change and the phrasing used in counseling is vital for educating, connecting with, and empowering patients to change. Changing healthcare operations and provider behavior around nutrition counseling is a part of the solution to the worldwide problem of unhealthy eating patterns and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Frates
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital
| | - Alexis Smith
- Department of Surgery at Mass General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Carriedo-Diez B, Tosoratto-Venturi JL, Cantón-Manzano C, Wanden-Berghe C, Sanz-Valero J. The Effects of the Exogenous Melatonin on Shift Work Sleep Disorder in Health Personnel: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10199. [PMID: 36011832 PMCID: PMC9408537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: To know the medical documentation related to exogenous melatonin in sleep disorders caused by shift work in health personnel; (2) Methods: Systematic and critical review. Data were obtained by looking up the bibliographic data base: MEDLINE (via Pubmed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medicine in Spanish (MEDES). The used terms, as descriptors and text in the title and abstract record fields, were "Health Personnel", "Melatonin" and "Sleep Disorders", Circadian Rhythm, by using the following filters: "Humans", "Adult: 19+ years" and "Clinical Trial". The search update was in December 2021. The documentary quality of the articles was assessed using the CONSORT questionnaire. (3) Results: Having applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 clinical essays were selected out of 98 retrieved references. CONSORT scores ranged from a minimum of 6.0 to a maximum of 13. 7 with a median of 10.2. According to the SIGN criteria, this review presented "1-"evidence with a grade of recommendation B. The intervention dose via administration of exogenous melatonin ranged between 1 and 10 mg. It was not mentioned whether the route of administration was by fast or slow absorption. The outcomes showed decreased daytime sleepiness, lessened sleep onset latency, diminished night-time awakenings, increased total sleep period and improved daytime attention in the melatonin-treated group; (4) Conclusions: Exogenously administered melatonin is effective in shift worker health personnel that are suffering from sleep disorders, and given its low adverse effects and tolerability, it might be recommended. A great disparity was evidenced in terms of dose, follow-up periods and type of melatonin, small participant population, same age ranges and young age. Therefore, new trials would be needed to amend these observations in order to have full evidence that is able to ensure the efficacy of exogenous melatonin in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carmina Wanden-Berghe
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Sanz-Valero
- Department of Public Health and History of Science, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Carlos III Health Institute, National School of Occupational Medicine, 37311 Madrid, Spain
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Shokeen D, Tamber Aeri B, Sinha S. Assessment of food environment at work and its association with cardiometabolic health among employed adults in Delhi, India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102544. [PMID: 35763919 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Unhealthy food environment at work is believed to be playing a role in the burgeoning obesity, cardiometabolic risk, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in India. Therefore, food environment assessment at work is crucial to understand the effect of food environment and to find its association with cardiometabolic risk among adults in Delhi, India. METHODOLOGY Mix-methods study to find association between worksite food environment on the food choices, dietary behavior, and cardio-metabolic health of 455 apparently healthy adults (both males and females) aged 25-55 years was done in urban India. RESULTS Unhealthy food environment, poor eating pattern and sedentary lifestyle at work resulted in clustering of CMR factors among the study participants. Work environment assessment revealed that worksites with canteens had higher overall CHEW score for all its domains (Physical, nutritional, and information environment), in comparison to worksites without or no canteens. Four out of ten apparently healthy adults had metabolic syndrome indicating poor cardiometabolic health. The odds of CMR in subjects with access to canteen (unhealthy food) were estimated to be 0.74 (CI: 0.51 to 1.07; p = 0.11) times the odds of CMR in subjects without canteen (limited access to food). Females (β:0.34; 95% CI:0.23, 0.44; p = 0.00) had high CMR factors in comparison to males. Overall cardiometabolic risk factors increased with age (β:0.01; 95% CI:0.01,0.01; p = 0.00). CONCLUSION Findings of the present study urge the need for dietary and lifestyle intervention along with longitudinal studies to further disentangle the association of the food and work environment on the prevalence of CMR among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Shokeen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Bani Tamber Aeri
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Sikha Sinha
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research, New Delhi, 110016, India
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