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Sheng A, Liu F, Wang Q, Fu H, Mao J. The roles of TRPC6 in renal tubular disorders: a narrative review. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2376929. [PMID: 39022902 PMCID: PMC11259070 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2376929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) channel, a nonselective cation channel that allows the passage of Ca2+, plays an important role in renal diseases. TRPC6 is activated by Ca2+ influx, oxidative stress, and mechanical stress. Studies have shown that in addition to glomerular diseases, TRPC6 can contribute to renal tubular disorders, such as acute kidney injury, renal interstitial fibrosis, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the tubule-specific physiological functions of TRPC6 have not yet been elucidated. Its pathophysiological role in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is debatable. Thus, TRPC6 may have dual roles in I/R injury. TRPC6 induces renal fibrosis and immune cell infiltration in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model. Additionally, TRPC6 overexpression may modify G2 phase transition, thus altering the DNA damage checkpoint, which can cause genomic instability and RCC tumorigenesis and can control the proliferation of RCC cells. This review highlights the importance of TRPC6 in various conditions of the renal tubular system. To better understand certain renal disorders and ultimately identify new therapeutic targets to improve patient care, the pathophysiology of TRPC6 must be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianhui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Nakashiro H, Umakoshi K, Tanaka K, Tachibana N. Leptospirosis transmitted from a pet dog. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e261369. [PMID: 39106996 PMCID: PMC11308896 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-261369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis in tropical regions and it is not frequently recognised in developed countries. We report a case of leptospirosis transmitted from a pet dog. A middle-aged woman was referred to our emergency department with a 7-day history of fever and diarrhoea. She presented with hypotension, tachycardia, grasping pain in the entire muscle and petechiae. A detailed medical interview revealed that her pet dog had been to the veterinarian 1 month earlier with similar symptoms. We treated her with intravenous antibiotics. The patient's diagnosis of leptospirosis was confirmed by serological testing and the detection of DNA in her urine. We contacted the veterinarian and shared the information. We found that the dog had suffered from leptospirosis based on serological testing. We emphasise the possibility of leptospirosis being transmitted from pet dogs. Persistent suspicion of leptospirosis will contribute to its diagnosis and improved public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Koichi Tanaka
- Emergency, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Naoto Tachibana
- Emergency, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
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3
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Sanusi KO, Abubakar MB, Ibrahim KG, Imam MU. Transgenerational impact of maternal zinc deficiency on offspring metabolic outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 130:109669. [PMID: 38754792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Maternal zinc deficiency significantly influences fetal development and long-term health outcomes, yet its transgenerational effects remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the transgenerational effects of maternal zinc deficiency on metabolic outcomes in Drosophila melanogaster. Zinc deficiency was induced in Drosophila by incorporating TPEN (N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine) into their diet. Offspring (F1 to F3) were maintained on a standard diet for subsequent analyses. Various metabolic markers, including glucose, trehalose, glycogen, and triglyceride levels, were assessed, and gene expression analyses were conducted to examine the molecular responses across generations. Significant reductions in locomotor performance in female F1 flies and increased body weight in the F2 generation were observed. Maternal zinc deficiency exhibited gender- and generation-specific impacts on metabolic markers. Notably, an adaptive response in the F3 generation included increased catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity, along with decreased malondialdehyde levels. Gene expression analyses revealed upregulation of DILP2 mRNA across generations and significant variations in PEPCK, SOD1, CAT, EGR, and UPD2 mRNA levels, demonstrating intricate responses to maternal zinc deficiency. This study provides a holistic understanding of the consequences of maternal zinc deficiency, emphasizing the complex interplay between zinc status and metabolic outcomes across generations in Drosophila. These findings lay the foundation for future research elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms, with potential implications for humans. The insights gained contribute to informing targeted interventions aimed at optimizing offspring health in the context of maternal zinc deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin 1601, Nigeria
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, Republic of South of Africa
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 2346, Nigeria.
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4
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Shan D, Chen Q, Xie Y, Dai S, Hu Y. Current understanding of essential trace elements in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Biometals 2024; 37:943-953. [PMID: 38367126 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Trace elements are important components in the body and have fundamental roles in maintaining a healthy and balanced pregnancy process. Either deficiency or excess of trace elements, including selenium, iron, zinc, copper, and magnesium can lead to pregnancy complications. As a rare disorder during pregnancy of unknown aetiology, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) poses a significant risk to the fetus of perinatal mortality. ICP is a multifactorial complication of which the pathogenesis is still an enigma. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the association of ICP with some trace elements. Evidence from retrospective studies in humans further revealed the possible contributing roles of trace elements in the pathogenesis of ICP. The published literature on the association of trace elements with ICP was reviewed. Recent advances in molecular biological techniques from animal studies have helped to elucidate the possible mechanisms by how these trace elements function in regulating oxidative reactions, inflammatory reactions and immune balance in the maternal-fetal interface, as well as the influence on hepato-intestinal circulation of bile acid. The scenario regarding the role of trace elements in the pathogenesis of ICP is still developing. The administration or depletion of these trace elements may have promising effects in alleviating the symptoms and improving the pregnancy outcomes of ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yupei Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Siyu Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yayi Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, South Renmin Road, Section 3, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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5
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Tao B, Gong W, Xu C, Ma Z, Mei J, Chen M. The relationship between hypoxia and Alzheimer's disease: an updated review. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1402774. [PMID: 39086755 PMCID: PMC11288848 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1402774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and the most prevalent form of dementia. The main hallmarks for the diagnosis of AD are extracellular amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition and intracellular accumulation of highly hyperphosphorylated Tau protein as neurofibrillary tangles. The brain consumes more oxygen than any other organs, so it is more easily to be affected by hypoxia. Hypoxia has long been recognized as one of the possible causes of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases, but the exact mechanism has not been clarified. In this review, we will elucidate the connection between hypoxia-inducible factors-1α and AD, including its contribution to AD and its possible protective effects. Additionally, we will discuss the relationship between oxidative stress and AD as evidence show that oxidative stress acts on AD-related pathogenic factors such as mitochondrial dysfunction, Aβ deposition, inflammation, etc. Currently, there is no cure for AD. Given the close association between hypoxia, oxidative stress, and AD, along with current research on the protective effects of antioxidants against AD, we speculate that antioxidants could be a potential therapeutic approach for AD and worth further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chengyuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhihui Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinyu Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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6
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Wang R, Huang Q, Zhu S, Xie C, Zeng Q, Yuan Y. The zinc absorption of the novel peptide-Zn complex in Caco-2 cells: effects of soybean peptides charge and hydrophobicity. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39011979 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The supplemental effect of zinc depends not only on adequate intake, but also on how efficiently it is absorbed in the small intestine. In the present study, weak hydrophobic peptides (WHP), strong hydrophobic peptides (SHP), positively charged peptides (PCP) and negatively charged peptides (NCP) were isolated from soybean peptides (SP). The peptide-Zn complexes (PCP-Zn, NCP-Zn, WHP-Zn, SHP-Zn and SP-Zn) were prepared to compare their promotion zinc absorption capacity in the Caco-2 cells monolayers model. RESULTS We found that the carboxyl, carbonyl and amino groups in peptide were the primary binding sites of Zn. Compared with zinc sulfate, the peptide-Zn complexes with different charge and hydrophobic peptides could improve zinc solubility at different pH. NCP-Zn had a lower Zn-binding capacity but a higher zinc absorption capacity compared to that of PCP-Zn in Caco-2 cells. In addition, the capacity of PCP-Zn to promote zinc absorption was lower than the control group (SP-Zn). There were no significant differences in transport rates, retention rates and uptake rates of WHP-Zn, SHP-Zn and SP-Zn. NCP-Zn could improve the activity of Zn-related enzymes, and the expression levels of PepT1 and ZnT1 were higher than other peptide-Zn complexes. CONCLUSION The promotion zinc absorption capacity of peptide-Zn complexes was not completely dependent on the Zn-binding capacity, but also depended on the charge and hydrophobicity of peptides. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suyin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuina Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhu Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Nazari M, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Pashayee-Khamene F, Bagheri R, Goudarzi K, Hosseinnia NV, Dolatshahi S, Omran HS, Amirani N, Ashtary-Larky D, Asbaghi O, Ghanavati M. Zinc Supplementation in Individuals with Prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes: a GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2966-2990. [PMID: 37870684 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc supplementation has therapeutic effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and inflammation as the main contributors to CVD pathogenesis. Since CVD is a major cause of mortality among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), this study aimed to overview the potential effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors in T2DM patients. To determine appropriate randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of zinc supplementation on CVD risk factors, electronic sources including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched until January 2023. The heterogeneity of trials was checked using the I2 statistic. According to the heterogeneity tests, random-effects models were estimated, and pooled data were defined as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Of the 4004 initial records, 23 studies that met inclusion criteria were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The pooled findings indicated the significant lowering effects of zinc supplementation on triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and C-reactive protein (CRP), while high-density cholesterol (HDL) concentrations showed an elevation after zinc supplementation. In addition to statistical significance, the effect of zinc supplementation on most of the variables was clinically significant; however, the quality of evidence in the included studies is regarded as low or very low for most variables. Our study demonstrated that zinc supplementation has beneficial effects on glycemic control markers, lipid profile, and CRP levels as a classic marker of inflammation in T2DM. Due to the high degree of heterogeneity between studies and the low rate of quality in them, further well-designed studies are necessitated to strengthen our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Nazari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Vahid Hosseinnia
- Sport Management Department, Human Science Faculty, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Dolatshahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi Omran
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niusha Amirani
- Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Matin Ghanavati
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Patel AM, Khan S, Inam AMH, Alam R, Khan MM. Determination of Serum Zinc and Phosphorus Levels in Patients with Hypothyroidism. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3018-3024. [PMID: 37819464 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Various studies reported that serum zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) levels altered in patients with hypothyroidism and vice versa, but results were found inconsistent. It was aimed to find the association between serum Zn and P in patients with hypothyroidism. In this case-control study, a total of 100 subjects (50 newly diagnosed patients of hypothyroidism and 50 controls) were enrolled aged between 25 and 60 years. Biochemical parameters such as thyroid profile, serum Zn, and P were estimated in each subject. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean level of body mass index (BMI), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and serum P was found significantly elevated in cases compared to controls (p < 0.001). However, the mean level of total triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and serum Zn was found significantly reduced in cases compared to controls (p < 0.001). The serum Zn has shown a significant negative correlation with T3 and BMI among cases (r = - 0.313 p < 0.05, r = - 0.338 p < 0.05, respectively). However, serum P has shown a significant positive correlation with TSH and BMI among cases (r = 0.310 p < 0.05, r = 0.449 p < 0.01, respectively). Regression analysis indicated that serum Zn significantly predicted hypothyroidism (p < 0.00). Similarly, serum P significantly predicted hypothyroidism (p < 0.007). Results showed that serum Zn levels were significantly reduced and serum P levels were significantly elevated in cases compared to controls. The serum Zn and serum P both significantly associated with hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrendra Mani Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Ahmad Merajul Hasan Inam
- Department of Physiotherapy, Integral Institute of Allied Health Sciences & Research (IIAHSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Roshan Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Mustufa Khan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Integral Institute of Allied Health Sciences & Research (IIAHSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India.
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9
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Santo BA, Poppenberg KE, Ciecierska SS, Lim J, Baig AA, Jaikumar V, Raygor KP, Patel TR, Shah M, Levy EI, Siddiqui AH, Tutino VM. Decoding Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke Thrombectomy by RNA Sequencing of Retrieved Clots. Mol Diagn Ther 2024; 28:469-477. [PMID: 38769267 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-024-00716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptomic profiling has emerged as a powerful tool for exploring the molecular landscape of ischemic stroke clots and providing insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying stroke progression and recovery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between stroke clot transcriptomes and stroke thrombectomy outcome, as measured by early neurological improvement (ENI) 30 (i.e., a 30% reduction in NIHSS at 24 h post-thrombectomy). HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that there exist distinct clot gene expression patterns between good and poor neurological outcomes. METHODS Transcriptomic analysis of 32 stroke clots retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy was conducted. Transcriptome data of these clots were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), defined as those with a log(fold-change) ≥ 1.5 and q < 0.05 between samples with good and poor early neurological outcomes. Gene ontology and bioinformatics analyses were performed on genes with p < 0.01 to identify enriched biological processes and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis canonical pathways. Moreover, AUC analysis assessed the predictive power of DEGs for 90-day function outcome (mRS ≤ 2) and cellular composition of clot was predicted using CIBERSORT. We also assessed whether differential enrichment of immune cell types could indicate patient survival. RESULTS A total of 41 DEGs were identified. Bioinformatics showed that enriched biological processes and pathways emphasized the chronic immune response and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition. Moreover, 25 of the DEGs were found to be significant predictors of 90-day mRS. These genes were indicative of monocytes enrichment and neutrophil depletion in patients with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION Our study revealed a distinct gene expression pattern and dysregulated biological pathways associated with ENI. This expression pattern was also predictive of long-term outcome, suggesting a biological link between those ENIs and 90-day mRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana A Santo
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kerry E Poppenberg
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Shiau-Sing Ciecierska
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Jaims Lim
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ammad A Baig
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Vinay Jaikumar
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kunal P Raygor
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tatsat R Patel
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Munjal Shah
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Elad I Levy
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Vincent M Tutino
- Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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10
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Huang Z, Cao L, Yan D. Inflammatory immunity and bacteriological perspectives: A new direction for copper treatment of sepsis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127456. [PMID: 38692229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace element for all aerobic organisms because of its unique biological functions. In recent years, researchers have discovered that copper can induce cell death through various regulatory mechanisms, thereby inducing inflammation. Efforts have also been made to alter the chemical structure of copper to achieve either anticancer or anti-inflammatory effects. The copper ion can exhibit bactericidal effects by interfering with the integrity of the cell membrane and promoting oxidative stress. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response caused by infection. Some studies have revealed that copper is involved in the pathophysiological process of sepsis and is closely related to its prognosis. During the infection of sepsis, the body may enhance the antimicrobial effect by increasing the release of copper. However, to avoid copper poisoning, all organisms have evolved copper resistance genes. Therefore, further analysis of the complex relationship between copper and bacteria may provide new ideas and research directions for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Zhoukou Central Hospital, No.26 Renmin Road, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, Henan Province 466000, China
| | - Lunfei Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Zhoukou Central Hospital, No.26 Renmin Road, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, Henan Province 466000, China
| | - Dengfeng Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine,Zhoukou Central Hospital, No.26 Renmin Road, Chuanhui District, Zhoukou, Henan Province 466000, China..
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11
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Tang J, Li Y, Hu X, Hua W, Xu H, Li L, Xu F. Enhancing Tranexamic Acid Penetration through AQP-3 Protein Triggering via ZIF-8 Encapsulation for Melasma and Rosacea Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304189. [PMID: 38539056 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The systemic use of tranexamic acid (TA) as an oral drug can bring adverse reactions, while intradermal injection leads to pain and a risk of infection. Moreover, it is difficult for highly hydrophilic TA to penetrate the skin barrier that contains lots of hydrophobic lipid compounds, which poses enormous restrictions on its topical application. Current transdermal TA delivery strategies are suffering from low drug load rates, plus their synthesis complexity, time-consumption, etc. adding to the difficulty of TA topical application in clinical therapeutics. To increase the penetration of TA, a novel approach using TA-loaded ZIF-8 (TA@ZIF-8) is developed. The encapsulation efficiency of TA@ZIF-8 reaches ≈25% through physical adsorption and chemical bonding of TA indicates by theoretical simulation and the improved TA penetration is elevated through activating the aquaporin-3 (AQP-3) protein. Additionally, in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate the preponderance of TA@ZIF-8 for penetration ability and the advantages in intracellular uptake, minor cytotoxicity, and inhibition of melanogenesis and inflammatory factors. Moreover, clinical trials demonstrate the safety and efficacy of TA@ZIF-8 in the treatment of melasma and rosacea. This work presents a potential topical application of TA, free from the safety concerns associated with systemic drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoning Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Li Li
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fujian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610225, China
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12
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Frydrych A, Frankowski M, Jurowski K. The toxicological analysis and assessment of essential elements (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) in Food for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP) dedicated to oncological patients available in Polish pharmacies. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 189:114768. [PMID: 38810942 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Foods for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP) for oncology patients, available in pharmacies, play a crucial role in providing nutrition and supplementation. However, the scientific literature lacks comprehensive research on the safety of essential trace elements in these products. This study aimed to assess Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn levels in commonly prescribed FSMPs (n = 23) from Polish pharmacies. Using ICP-MS after microwave-induced digestion (using concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide), we evaluated element levels. Our research used three approaches: the raw score for Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn; single intake per serving; and the daily ration, compared with the reference values of the European Food Safety Authority. Discrepancies were found between the actual and declared product compositions, influenced by the route of administration and the recommended intake. Despite variations, all products were considered safe for oncological patients based on current evidence. However, it is recommended to have clear guidelines for FSMPs in cancer care. This pioneering study evaluates the safety and quality of prescription FSMPs for cancer patients from toxicological and nutritional perspectives, highlighting the need for standardised protocols in pharmacy-dispensed FSMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Frydrych
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyzes, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marcin Frankowski
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamil Jurowski
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyzes, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland; Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertises in Łódź, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205, Łódź, Poland.
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13
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Dong J, Zhou W, Hu X, Bai J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Yu L, Yang P, Kong L, Liu M, Shang X, Su Z, Geng D, Zhu C. Honeycomb-inspired ZIF-sealed interface enhances osseointegration via anti-infection and osteoimmunomodulation. Biomaterials 2024; 307:122515. [PMID: 38401481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Implant-associated infections (IAIs) pose a significant threat to orthopedic surgeries. Bacteria colonizing the surface of implants disrupt bone formation-related cells and interfere with the osteoimmune system, resulting in an impaired immune microenvironment and osteogenesis disorders. Inspired by nature, a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-sealed smart drug delivery system on Ti substrates (ZSTG) was developed for the "natural-artificial dual-enzyme intervention (NADEI)" strategy to address these challenges. The subtle sealing design of ZIF-8 on the TiO2 nanotubes ensured glucose oxidase (GOx) activity and prevented its premature leakage. In the acidic infection microenvironment, the degradation of ZIF-8 triggered the rapid release of GOx, which converted glucose into H2O2 for disinfection. The Zn2+ released from degraded ZIF-8, as a DNase mimic, can hydrolyze extracellular DNA, which further enhances H2O2-induced disinfection and prevents biofilm formation. Importantly, Zn2+-mediated M2 macrophage polarization significantly improved the impaired osteoimmune microenvironment, accelerating bone repair. Transcriptomics revealed that ZSTG effectively suppressed the inflammatory cascade induced by lipopolysaccharide while promoting cell proliferation, homeostasis maintenance, and bone repair. In vitro and in vivo results confirmed the superior anti-infective, osteoimmunomodulatory, and osteointegrative capacities of the ZSTG-mediated NADEI strategy. Overall, this smart bionic platform has significant potential for future clinical applications to treat IAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianli Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China; National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Siming Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xianzuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingtong Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University: Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingkai Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xifu Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Zheng Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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Deng F, Han X, Ji Y, Jin Y, Shao Y, Zhang J, Ning C. Distinct mechanisms of iron and zinc metal ions on osteo-immunomodulation of silicocarnotite bioceramics. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101086. [PMID: 38765245 PMCID: PMC11098954 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory of implants have drawn more and more attention these years. However, the immunomodulatory of different elements on the same biomaterials have been rarely investigated. In this work, two widely used biosafety elements, iron and zinc added silicocarnotite (Ca5(PO4)2SiO4, CPS) were applied to explore the routine of elements on immune response. The immune reactions over time of Fe-CPS and Zn-CPS were explored at genetic level and protein level, and the effects of their immune microenvironment with different time points on osteogenesis were also investigated in depth. The results confirmed that both Fe-CPS and Zn-CPS had favorable ability to secret anti-inflammatory cytokines. The immune microenvironment of Fe-CPS and Zn-CPS also could accelerate osteogenesis and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo. In terms of mechanism, RNA-seq analysis and Western-blot experiment revealed that PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and JAK-STAT signaling pathways were activated of Fe-CPS to promote macrophage polarization from M1 to M2, and its immune microenvironment induced osteogenic differentiation through the activation of Hippo signaling pathway. In comparison, Zn-CPS inhibited polarization of M1 macrophage via the up-regulation of Rap1 signaling pathway and complement and coagulation cascade pathway, while its osteogenic differentiation related pathway of immune environment was NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyan Deng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzhuo Han
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Yingqi Ji
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Ying Jin
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Shao
- SHNU-YAPENG Joint Lab of Tissue Repair Materials, Shanghai Yapeng Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingju Zhang
- Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Congqin Ning
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Younes S. The role of nutrition on the treatment of Covid 19. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2024; 36:200255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
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16
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Chheang L, Khachornsakkul K, Del-Rio-Ruiz R, Zeng W, Thongkon N, Thanasupsin SP, Sonkusale S. Simple distance-based thread analytical device integrated with ion imprinted polymer for Zn 2+ quantification in human urine samples. Analyst 2024; 149:3161-3168. [PMID: 38632945 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00076e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This article presents the development of a distance-based thread analytical device (dTAD) integrated with an ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) for quantitative monitoring of zinc ions (Zn2+) in human urine samples. The IIP was easily chemically modified onto the thread channel using dithizone (DTZ) as a ligand to bind to Zn2+ with methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as well as 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as cross-linking agents to enhance the selectivity for Zn2+ detection. The imprinted polymer was characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Under optimization, the linear detection range was from 1.0 to 20.0 mg L-1 (R2 = 0.9992) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.0 mg L-1. Other potentially interfering metal ions and molecules did not interfere with this approach, leading to high selectivity. Furthermore, our technique exhibits a remarkable recovery ranging from 100.48% to 103.16%, with the highest relative standard deviation (% RSD) of 5.44% for monitoring Zn2+ in human control urine samples, indicating high accuracy and precision. Similarly, there is no significant statistical difference between the results obtained using our method and standards on zinc supplement sample labels. The proposed method offers several advantages in detecting trace Zn2+ for point-of-care (POC) medical diagnostics and environmental sample analysis, such as ease of use, instrument-free readout, and cost efficiency. Overall, our developed dTAD-based IIP method holds potential for simple, affordable, and rapid detection of Zn2+ levels and can be applied to other metal ions' analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lita Chheang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Federation of Russia Blvd, Tuol Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Ruben Del-Rio-Ruiz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Nisakorn Thongkon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Sudtida Pliankarom Thanasupsin
- Chemistry for Green Society and Healthy Living Research Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Nano Lab, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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17
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Duan Q, Huang H, Zhang S, Wang Y, Lu D, Wan L, Sun Y, Wu Y. Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and kidney stone prevalence in adults: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007-2018). Front Nutr 2024; 11:1389714. [PMID: 38840700 PMCID: PMC11150772 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1389714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The high prevalence of kidney stones in adults worldwide has prompted research into potential interventions, one of which involves exploring the consumption of antioxidants that may confer protective effects. However, the relationship between the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), a crucial measure used to assess an individual's overall antioxidant capacity from daily dietary intake, and kidney stones remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted cross-sectional analysis to examine the association between CDAI and kidney stone prevalence. Methods The analysis was conducted utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. Antioxidant intake was derived from two 24-h dietary recalls surveys, while CDAI, a comprehensive measure that includes antioxidants like vitamins A, C, and E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoids, was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression were utilized to examine the association between CDAI and the prevalence of kidney stones. Results The study included a total of 28,516 participants, with 2,748 individuals having a history of kidney stones. The median of CDAI was -0.01 (-2.02, 2.37). Individuals in the fourth quartile of CDAI exhibited a significantly lower prevalence of kidney stones compared to those in the first quartile (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.769 [0.633-0.935]), even after adjusting for potential confounding factors (including age, sex, race, education level, poverty income ratio, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index (BMI), energy intake levels, physical activity level, serum calcium concentration, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hypertension, diabetes and supplement use). The RCS analysis revealed a non-linear relationship between CDAI and kidney stone prevalence, with inflection points identified at 0.06 (p for non-linearity = 0.039). Subgroup analysis demonstrated consistent CDAI-kidney stone prevalence associations across all subsets. Furthermore, a significant inverse correlation was observed between CDAI and inflammatory markers. Conclusion This study provides evidence supporting a reciprocal correlation between adult dietary antioxidant intake, as measured by CDAI, and kidney stone prevalence. These findings emphasize the potential benefits of consuming dietary antioxidants in lowering the risk of kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Duan
- Department of Urology, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Han Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Dongming Lu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Lixin Wan
- Department of Oncology, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Yingming Sun
- Department of Medical and Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian, China
| | - Yongyang Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian, China
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18
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Gotnayer Lilian L, Nahmias Y, Yazbek Grobman G, Friedlander L, Aranovich D, Yoel U, Vidavsky N. The interplay between crystallinity and the levels of Zn and carbonate in synthetic microcalcifications directs thyroid cell malignancy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4509-4520. [PMID: 38647022 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02256k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
One of the key challenges in diagnosing thyroid cancer lies in the substantial percentage of indeterminate diagnoses of thyroid nodules that have undergone ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy for cytological evaluation. This delays the definitive diagnosis and treatment plans. We recently demonstrated that hydroxyapatite microcalcifications (MCs) aspirated from thyroid nodules may aid nodule diagnosis based on their composition. In particular, Zn-enriched MCs have emerged as potential cancer biomarkers. However, a pertinent question remains: is the elevated Zn content within MCs a consequence of cancer, or do the Zn-enriched MCs encourage tumorigenesis? To address this, we treated the human thyroid cancer cell line MDA-T32 with synthetic MC analogs comprising hydroxyapatite crystals with varied pathologically relevant Zn fractions and assessed the cellular response. The MC analogs exhibited an irregular surface morphology similar to FNA MCs observed in cancerous thyroid nodules. These MC analogs displayed an inverse relationship between Zn fraction and crystallinity, as shown by X-ray diffractometry. The zeta potential of the non-Zn-bearing hydroxyapatite crystals was negative, which decreased once Zn was incorporated into the crystal. The MC analogs were not cytotoxic. The cellular response to exposure to these crystals was evaluated in terms of cell migration, proliferation, the tendency of the cells to form multicellular spheroids, and the expression of cancer markers. Our findings suggest that, if thyroid MCs play a role in promoting cancerous behavior in vivo, it is likely a result of the interplay of crystallinity with Zn and carbonate fractions in MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotem Gotnayer Lilian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Yarden Nahmias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Gabriel Yazbek Grobman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Lonia Friedlander
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dina Aranovich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Uri Yoel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Endocrinology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Netta Vidavsky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Stahl LT, Müller A, Krohn J, Büttner K, Wehrend A. Serum concentrations of selenium, copper, and zinc in neonatal foals: Influence of failure of passive transfer and age-related changes. THE CANADIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL = LA REVUE VETERINAIRE CANADIENNE 2024; 65:481-487. [PMID: 38694739 PMCID: PMC11017931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Background An adequate supply of trace elements is very important for equine neonates, as deficiencies can lead to health problems and even death. Objective This study investigated serum concentrations of selenium (Se), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in neonatal foals up to the 8th day of life. The influences of disease, age, and failure of passive transfer (FPT) on these concentrations were analyzed. Animals and procedure Serum concentrations of Se, Cu, and Zn were determined from blood samples of 93 foals by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The foals were divided into 2 groups based on health status: clinically sick (n = 51) and clinically healthy (n = 42). The latter group was further divided into foals with FPT (n = 20) and those without (n = 22). Results Mean serum concentrations for Se, Cu, and Zn were 60 ± 40 μg/L, 0.25 ± 0.22 mg/L, and 605 ± 285 μg/L, respectively. A significant influence of age on serum Cu concentration was observed (P < 0.0001). No differences were observed between any of the serum concentrations in clinically sick and clinically healthy foals on the 1st day of life. The FPT status was not associated with reduced serum concentrations of Se, Cu, or Zn. Conclusion and clinical relevance It is not necessary to supplement trace elements in all foals with FPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia T Stahl
- Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 106, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Stahl, Krohn, Wehrend); Vet Med Labor GmbH IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstrasse 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany (Müller); Unit for Biomathematics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 95, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Büttner)
| | - Anja Müller
- Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 106, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Stahl, Krohn, Wehrend); Vet Med Labor GmbH IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstrasse 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany (Müller); Unit for Biomathematics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 95, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Büttner)
| | - Judith Krohn
- Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 106, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Stahl, Krohn, Wehrend); Vet Med Labor GmbH IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstrasse 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany (Müller); Unit for Biomathematics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 95, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Büttner)
| | - Kathrin Büttner
- Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 106, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Stahl, Krohn, Wehrend); Vet Med Labor GmbH IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstrasse 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany (Müller); Unit for Biomathematics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 95, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Büttner)
| | - Axel Wehrend
- Veterinary Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Neonatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 106, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Stahl, Krohn, Wehrend); Vet Med Labor GmbH IDEXX Laboratories, Humboldtstrasse 2, 70806 Kornwestheim, Germany (Müller); Unit for Biomathematics, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 95, 35392 Gießen, Germany (Büttner)
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20
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Zhao L, Wei Y, Liu Q, Cai J, Mo X, Tang X, Wang X, Qin L, Liang Y, Cao J, Huang C, Lu Y, Zhang T, Luo L, Rong J, Wu S, Jin W, Guan Q, Teng K, Li Y, Qin J, Zhang Z. Association between multiple-heavy-metal exposures and systemic immune inflammation in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese general population. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1192. [PMID: 38679723 PMCID: PMC11057124 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to heavy metals alone or in combination can promote systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate potential associations between multiple plasma heavy metals and markers of systemic immune inflammation. METHODS Using a cross-sectional study, routine blood tests were performed on 3355 participants in Guangxi, China. Eight heavy metal elements in plasma were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Immunoinflammatory markers were calculated based on peripheral blood WBC and its subtype counts. A generalised linear regression model was used to analyse the association of each metal with the immunoinflammatory markers, and the association of the metal mixtures with the immunoinflammatory markers was further assessed using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression. RESULTS In the single-metal model, plasma metal Fe (log10) was significantly negatively correlated with the levels of immune-inflammatory markers SII, NLR and PLR, and plasma metal Cu (log10) was significantly positively correlated with the levels of immune-inflammatory markers SII and PLR. In addition, plasma metal Mn (log10 conversion) was positively correlated with the levels of immune inflammatory markers NLR and PLR. The above associations remained after multiple corrections. In the mixed-metal model, after WQS regression analysis, plasma metal Cu was found to have the greatest weight in the positive effects of metal mixtures on SII and PLR, while plasma metals Mn and Fe had the greatest weight in the positive effects of metal mixtures on NLR and LMR, respectively. In addition, blood Fe had the greatest weight in the negative effects of the metal mixtures for SII, PLR and NLR. CONCLUSION Plasma metals Cu and Mn were positively correlated with immunoinflammatory markers SII, NLR and PLR. While plasma metal Fe was negatively correlated with immunoinflammatory markers SII, NLR, and PLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhai Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yanfei Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiumei Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiansheng Cai
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xuexiu Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lidong Qin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yujian Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiejing Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Chuwu Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yufu Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiahui Rong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Songju Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wenjia Jin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qinyi Guan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Kaisheng Teng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - You Li
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Guan Y, Wei X, Li J, Zhu Y, Luo P, Luo M. Obesity-related glomerulopathy: recent advances in inflammatory mechanisms and related treatments. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:819-839. [PMID: 38427925 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related glomerulopathy, which is an obesity-triggered kidney damage, has become a significant threat to human health. Several studies have recently highlighted the critical role of inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy development. Additionally, excess adipose tissue and adipocytes in patients with obesity produce various inflammatory factors that cause systemic low-grade inflammation with consequent damage to vascular endothelial cells, exacerbating glomerular injury. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive review of obesity-related glomerulopathy and addressed the critical role of obesity-induced chronic inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy pathogenesis and progression, which leads to tubular damage and proteinuria, ultimately impairing renal function. The relationship between obesity and obesity-related glomerulopathy is facilitated by a network of various inflammation-associated cells (including macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells) and a series of inflammatory mediators (such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) and their inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, we discuss a recently discovered relationship between micronutrients and obesity-related glomerulopathy inflammation and the important role of micronutrients in the body's anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, assessing these inflammatory molecules and pathways will provide a strong theoretical basis for developing therapeutic strategies based on anti-inflammatory effects to prevent or delay the onset of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucan Guan
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Xianping Wei
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Jicui Li
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Yuexin Zhu
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Manyu Luo
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziquiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
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Zeng X, Zhou L, Zeng Q, Zhu H, Luo J. High serum copper as a risk factor of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults, NHANES 2011-2014. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1340968. [PMID: 38707892 PMCID: PMC11066204 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1340968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have shown that serum copper levels are related to coronary heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. However, the association of serum copper levels with all-cause, cause-specific [including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer] mortality remains unclear. Objectives This study aimed to prospectively examine the association of copper exposure with all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality among US adults. Methods The data for this analysis was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2014. Mortality from all-causes, CVD, and cancer mortality was linked to US National Death Index mortality data. Cox regression models were used to estimate the association between serum copper levels and all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. Results A total of 2,863 adults were included in the main study. During the mean follow-up time of 81.2 months, 236 deaths were documented, including 68 deaths from cardiovascular disease and 57 deaths from cancer. The weighted mean overall serum copper levels was 117.2 ug/L. After adjusting for all of the covariates, compared with participants with low (1st tertile, <103 μg/L)/medium (2st tertile, 103-124 μg/L) serum copper levels, participants with high serum copper levels (3rd tertile, ≥124 μg/L) had a 1.75-fold (95% CI, 1.05-2.92)/1.78-fold (1.19,2.69) increase in all-cause mortality, a 2.35-fold (95% CI, 1.04-5.31)/3.84-fold (2.09,7.05) increase in CVD mortality and a 0.97-fold (95% CI, 0.28-3.29)/0.86-fold (0.34,2.13) increase in cancer mortality. In addition, there was a linear dose-response association between serum copper concentration with all-cause and CVD mortality (P for nonlinear > 0.05). Conclusions This prospective study found that serum copper concentrations were linearly associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in US adults. High serum copper levels is a risk factor for all-cause and CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lanqian Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qingfeng Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hengqing Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianping Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Deshmukh R, Harwansh RK, Garg A, Mishra S, Agrawal R, Jangde R. COVID-19: Recent Insight in Genomic Feature, Pathogenesis, Immunological Biomarkers, Treatment Options and Clinical Updates on SARS-CoV-2. Curr Genomics 2024; 25:69-87. [PMID: 38751601 PMCID: PMC11092912 DOI: 10.2174/0113892029291098240129113500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious and transmissible viral infection that first emerged in 2019 and since then has sparked an epidemic of severe respiratory problems identified as "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID-19) that causes a hazard to human life and safety. The virus developed mainly from bats. The current epidemic has presented a significant warning to life across the world by showing mutation. There are different tests available for testing Coronavirus, and RT-PCR is the best, giving more accurate results, but it is also time-consuming. There are different options available for treating n-CoV-19, which include medications such as Remdesivir, corticosteroids, plasma therapy, Dexamethasone therapy, etc. The development of vaccines such as BNT126b2, ChAdOX1, mRNA-1273 and BBIBP-CorV has provided great relief in dealing with the virus as they decreased the mortality rate. BNT126b2 and ChAdOX1 are two n-CoV vaccines found to be most effective in controlling the spread of infection. In the future, nanotechnology-based vaccines and immune engineering techniques can be helpful for further research on Coronavirus and treatment of this deadly virus. The existing knowledge about the existence of SARS-CoV-2, along with its variants, is summarized in this review. This review, based on recently published findings, presents the core genetics of COVID-19, including heritable characteristics, pathogenesis, immunological biomarkers, treatment options and clinical updates on the virus, along with patents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitas Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Harwansh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akash Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, NH-2, Mathura, Delhi Road, Chhatikara, 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sakshi Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rutvi Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, NH-2, Mathura, Delhi Road, Chhatikara, 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Jangde
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India
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Mahmoudi M, Moeinzadeh F, Atapour A, Seirafian S, Azhir Z. Serum zinc levels in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients: A retrospective observational study. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 29:13. [PMID: 38808217 PMCID: PMC11132417 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_167_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Background Zinc is vital for cellular functions, but kidney failure increases zinc deficiency risk. We compared zinc levels in hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and Methods A retrospective study included 150 patients (75 PD and 75 HD). Serum zinc levels were assessed through photometry. Statistical analysis employed Chi-square, independent t-test, and correlation. Results Serum zinc was below normal in both groups (P < 0.01). HD patients had lower zinc levels (70.85 ± 7.68 mg/dL) compared to PD (75.04 ± 13.55 mg/dL, P = 0.021), remaining significant after adjusting for confounders (P = 0.011). Conclusion Zinc levels in PD and HD patients are lower than in the general population, with HD patients having lower levels than PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Mahmoudi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Moeinzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdolamir Atapour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shiva Seirafian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zhina Azhir
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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25
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Yang X, Li W, Ding M, Liu KJ, Qi Z, Zhao Y. Contribution of zinc accumulation to ischemic brain injury and its mechanisms about oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy: an update. Metallomics 2024; 16:mfae012. [PMID: 38419293 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and presently, there is no effective neuroprotective therapy. Zinc is an essential trace element that plays important physiological roles in the central nervous system. Free zinc concentration is tightly regulated by zinc-related proteins in the brain under normal conditions. Disruption of zinc homeostasis, however, has been found to play an important role in the mechanism of brain injury following ischemic stroke. A large of free zinc releases from storage sites after cerebral ischemia, which affects the functions and survival of nerve cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, resulting in cell death. Ischemia-triggered intracellular zinc accumulation also disrupts the function of blood-brain barrier via increasing its permeability, impairing endothelial cell function, and altering tight junction levels. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation have been reported to be as major pathological mechanisms in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Studies have showed that the accumulation of intracellular free zinc could impair mitochondrial function to result in oxidative stress, and form a positive feedback loop between zinc accumulation and reactive oxygen species production, which leads to a series of harmful reactions. Meanwhile, elevated intracellular zinc leads to neuroinflammation. Recent studies also showed that autophagy is one of the important mechanisms of zinc toxicity after ischemic injury. Interrupting the accumulation of zinc will reduce cerebral ischemia injury and improve neurological outcomes. This review summarizes the role of zinc toxicity in cellular and tissue damage following cerebral ischemia, focusing on the mechanisms about oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Yang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Mao Ding
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Zhifeng Qi
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yongmei Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China
- Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
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An Y, Hu J, Hao H, Zhao W, Zhang X, Shao J, Wang C, Li X, Liu C, He J, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Du X. The transmembrane channel-like 6 (TMC6) in primary sensory neurons involving thermal sensation via modulating M channels. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1330167. [PMID: 38440182 PMCID: PMC10909837 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1330167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The transmembrane channel-like (TMC) protein family contains eight members, TMC1-TMC8. Among these members, only TMC1 and TMC2 have been intensively studied. They are expressed in cochlear hair cells and are crucial for auditory sensations. TMC6 and TMC8 contribute to epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and predispose individuals to human papilloma virus. However, the impact of TMC on peripheral sensation pain has not been previously investigated. Methods: RNAscope was employed to detect the distribution of TMC6 mRNA in DRG neurons. Electrophysiological recordings were conducted to investigate the effects of TMC6 on neuronal characteristics and M channel activity. Zn2+ indicators were utilized to detect the zinc concentration in DRG tissues and dissociated neurons. A series of behavioural tests were performed to assess thermal and mechanical sensation in mice under both physiological and pathological conditions. Results and Discussion: We demonstrated that TMC6 is mainly expressed in small and medium dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and is involved in peripheral heat nociception. Deletion of TMC6 in DRG neurons hyperpolarizes the resting membrane potential and inhibits neuronal excitability. Additionally, the function of the M channel is enhanced in TMC6 deletion DRG neurons owing to the increased quantity of free zinc in neurons. Indeed, heat and mechanical hyperalgesia in chronic pain are alleviated in TMC6 knockout mice, particularly in the case of heat hyperalgesia. This suggests that TMC6 in the small and medium DRG neurons may be a potential target for chronic pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating An
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingyi Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Han Hao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Weixin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jicheng Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Caixue Wang
- The Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xinmeng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal, Department of Animal Care, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jinsha He
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiwen Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaona Du
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Wei Z, Liu Y, Mei X, Zhong J, Huang F. Circulating micronutrient levels and their association with sepsis susceptibility and severity: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1353118. [PMID: 38435062 PMCID: PMC10904592 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1353118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sepsis, a global health challenge, necessitates a nuanced understanding of modifiable factors for effective prevention and intervention. The role of trace micronutrients in sepsis pathogenesis remains unclear, and their potential connection, especially with genetic influences, warrants exploration. Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess the causal relationship between genetically predicted blood levels of nine micronutrients (calcium, β-carotene, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin C, vitamin B6, vitamin D, and zinc) and sepsis susceptibility, severity, and subtypes. The instrumental variables for circulating micronutrients were derived from nine published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In the primary MR analysis, we utilized summary statistics for sepsis from two independent databases (UK Biobank and FinnGen consortium), for initial and replication analyses. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was conducted to merge the results. In secondary MR analyses, we assessed the causal effects of micronutrients on five sepsis-related outcomes (severe sepsis, sepsis-related death within 28 days, severe sepsis-related death within 28 days, streptococcal septicaemia, and puerperal sepsis), incorporating multiple sensitivity analyses and multivariable MR to address potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results: The study revealed a significant causal link between genetically forecasted zinc levels and reduced risk of severe sepsis-related death within 28 days (odds ratio [OR] = 0.450; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.263, 0.770; p = 3.58 × 10-3). Additionally, suggestive associations were found for iron (increased risk of sepsis), β-carotene (reduced risk of sepsis death) and vitamin C (decreased risk of puerperal sepsis). No significant connections were observed for other micronutrients. Conclusion: Our study highlighted that zinc may emerges as a potential protective factor against severe sepsis-related death within 28 days, providing theoretical support for supplementing zinc in high-risk critically ill sepsis patients. In the future, larger-scale data are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxiao Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingfen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Mei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuhong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Shukla AK, Mahale A, Choudhary S, Sharma P, Kulkarni OP, Bhattacharya A. Development and Validation of a Fluorogenic Probe for Lysosomal Zinc Release. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300783. [PMID: 38038368 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc homeostasis, which allows optimal zinc utilization in diverse life processes, is responsible for the general well-being of human beings. This paper describes developing and validating an easily accessible indole-containing zinc-specific probe in the cellular milieu. The probe was synthesized from readily available starting materials and was subjected to steady-state fluorescence studies. It showed selective sensing behavior towards Zn2+ with reversible binding. The suppression of PET (Photoinduced Electron Transfer) and ESIPT (Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer) elicited selectivity, and the detection limit was 0.63 μM (LOQ 6.8 μM). The zinc sensing capability of the probe was also screened in the presence of low molecular weight ligands [LMWLs] and showed interference only with GSH and ATP. It is non-toxic and can detect zinc in different cell lines under various stress conditions such as inflammation, hyperglycemia, and apoptosis. The probe could stain the early and late stages of apoptosis in PAN-2 cells by monitoring the zinc release. Most experiments were conducted without external zinc supplementation, showing its innate ability to detect zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarash Kumar Shukla
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Ashutosh Mahale
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Savita Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Pravesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Onkar Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Anupam Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (Hyderabad Campus), Hyderabad, 500078, India
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Ding Y, Mu Y, Hu Y, Liu J, Su C, Sun X, Chen X, Jia N, Feng C. Zinc-mineralized diatom biosilica/hydroxybutyl chitosan composite hydrogel for diabetic chronic wound healing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 656:1-14. [PMID: 37980719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
For sustained and stable improvement of the diabetic wound microenvironment, a temperature-sensitive composite hydrogel (ZnDBs/HBC) composed of inorganic zinc mineralized diatom biosilica (ZnDBs) and hydroxybutyl chitosan (HBC) was developed. The interfacial anchoring effect between ZnDBs and HBC enhanced the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. The mechanical strength of the composite hydrogel containing 3 wt% ZnDBs was increased by nearly 2.3times. The hydrogel can be used as a carrier for sustained release of Zn2+ for at least 72 h. In diabetic rats models, ZnDBs/HBC composite hydrogel could accelerate the inflammatory process by regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 and anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and also promote tissue cell proliferation and collagen deposition, thereby restoring the normal healing process and accelerating wound healing. The wound contraction rate of the composite hydrogel group was more than 2 times that of the control group. Therefore, ZnDBs/HBC composite hydrogel has the potential to be used as a therapeutic dressing for diabetic chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Ding
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuzhi Mu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi Hu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Qingdao Municipal Hospital), 5# Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Su
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiguang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China; Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science & Technology City, Sanya 572024, Hainan Province, China; Laoshan Laboratory, 1# Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nan Jia
- Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy Center, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Qingdao Municipal Hospital), 5# Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Chao Feng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China; Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science & Technology City, Sanya 572024, Hainan Province, China.
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Sela U, Corrêa da Rosa JM, Fischetti VA, Cohen JE. Quantifying how much host, pathogen, and other factors affect human protective adaptive immune responses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330253. [PMID: 38410519 PMCID: PMC10895049 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recognizing the "essential" factors that contribute to a clinical outcome is critical for designing appropriate therapies and prioritizing limited medical resources. Demonstrating a high correlation between a factor and an outcome does not necessarily imply an essential role of the factor to the outcome. Human protective adaptive immune responses to pathogens vary among (and perhaps within) pathogenic strains, human individual hosts, and in response to other factors. Which of these has an "essential" role? We offer three statistical approaches that predict the presence of newly contributing factor(s) and then quantify the influence of host, pathogen, and the new factors on immune responses. We illustrate these approaches using previous data from the protective adaptive immune response (cellular and humoral) by human hosts to various strains of the same pathogenic bacterial species. Taylor's law predicts the existence of other factors potentially contributing to the human protective adaptive immune response in addition to inter-individual host and intra-bacterial species inter-strain variability. A mixed linear model measures the relative contribution of the known variables, individual human hosts and bacterial strains, and estimates the summed contributions of the newly predicted but unknown factors to the combined adaptive immune response. A principal component analysis predicts the presence of sub-variables (currently not defined) within bacterial strains and individuals that may contribute to the combined immune response. These observations have statistical, biological, clinical, and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uri Sela
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joel M. Corrêa da Rosa
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vincent A. Fischetti
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joel E. Cohen
- Laboratory of Populations, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Statistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Geng X, Li H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhao H. Zinc attenuates arsenic overdose-induced brain damage via PERK/ATF6 and TLR/MyD88/NF-κB pathways. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109806. [PMID: 38042229 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic (As), a widespread non-metallic toxicant in nature, often results in neurotoxicity, although the exact mechanism is unknown. Zinc (Zn) is a powerful nutrient often thought to be beneficial for growth, development and immunity. Whether Zn can rescue brain damage caused by As contamination remains to be demonstrated. Therefore, in this study, a 30-day model of As poisoning (2.83 mg/L) in carp was established and treated with Zn (1 mg/L) to investigate the detoxification mechanism involved. Histological observations showed that As induced the loosening of the molecular layer structure of the cerebellum and the dissolution or even disappearance of nuclei, accompanied by the occurrence of microthrombi in the granular layer, and the addition of Zn attenuated such As-induced damage. Further mechanistic studies indicated that Zn ameliorated As exposure-induced abnormalities in antioxidant capacity (decreased CAT and Cu/Zn-SOD), activation of the Nrf2/keap1 pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs), which is a key factor in As-induced brain damage. ERs (high expression of PERK, ATF6, CHOP, eiF2α and GRP78) and inflammation (overexpression of TLR2, TLR4, MyD88, IKK, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6 and low expression of IκBα and IL-10). We suggest that Zn can alleviate excessive As-induced brain damage by attenuating As-induced oxidative stress, PERK/ATF6 and TLR/MyD88/NF-κB pathways. The present study fills in the preventive mechanism of As injury in fish and provides the possibility of prevention and control of As pollution-induced brain tissue injury by Zn rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xiren Geng
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xuehuan Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yingzi Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hongjing Zhao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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Markousis-Mavrogenis G, Baumhove L, Al-Mubarak AA, Aboumsallem JP, Bomer N, Voors AA, van der Meer P. Immunomodulation and immunopharmacology in heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:119-149. [PMID: 37709934 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is intimately involved in the pathophysiology of heart failure. However, it is currently underused as a therapeutic target in the clinical setting. Moreover, the development of novel immunomodulatory therapies and their investigation for the treatment of patients with heart failure are hampered by the fact that currently used, evidence-based treatments for heart failure exert multiple immunomodulatory effects. In this Review, we discuss current knowledge on how evidence-based treatments for heart failure affect the immune system in addition to their primary mechanism of action, both to inform practising physicians about these pleiotropic actions and to create a framework for the development and application of future immunomodulatory therapies. We also delineate which subpopulations of patients with heart failure might benefit from immunomodulatory treatments. Furthermore, we summarize completed and ongoing clinical trials that assess immunomodulatory treatments in heart failure and present several therapeutic targets that could be investigated in the future. Lastly, we provide future directions to leverage the immunomodulatory potential of existing treatments and to foster the investigation of novel immunomodulatory therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Markousis-Mavrogenis
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lukas Baumhove
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ali A Al-Mubarak
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nils Bomer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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Wen C, Wang J, Sun Z, Zhong R, Li M, Shen X, Ye Q, Qin K, Peng X. Dietary Zinc Ameliorates TNBS-Induced Colitis in Mice Associated with Regulation of Th1/Th2/Th17 Balance and NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:659-670. [PMID: 37249802 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03715-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic relapsing inflammatory gastrointestinal tract diseases of uncertain origin, which are frequently associated with zinc deficiency. Animal models have a considerable value in elucidating the process of IBD. In this study, 50 male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned to five groups: control group (Con), 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) group, and three zinc supplementation groups, namely 160 ppm group, 400 ppm group, and 1000 ppm group. The results showed that supplementation of dietary zinc with zinc oxide could effectively relieve the severity of ulcerative colitis induced by TNBS in mice. We demonstrate that the protective mechanism involves the immunomodulation of dietary zinc by increasing CD3+, CD3+CD8+, and Th2 cells, suppressing Th1 and Th17 cells, and decreasing the production of serum IL-1β and IL-18. The dietary zinc oxide seems to be able to suppress the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway by downregulating the mRNA and protein expression of NIK, IKK, NF-κB, and NLRP3. The results suggest that dietary supplementation of zinc oxide may protect against colitis, and proper daily zinc supplementation may reduce the risk of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd., No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Rao Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd., No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Shen
- Department of Technology, Sichuan Youngster Technology Co., Ltd., No. 733, Furong Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaobo Ye
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaihua Qin
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China.
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Xue M, Wang Q, Pang B, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Deng X, Zhang Z, Niu W. Association Between Circulating Zinc and Risk for Childhood Asthma and Wheezing: A Meta-analysis on 21 Articles and 2205 Children. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:442-453. [PMID: 37145255 PMCID: PMC10764583 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most frequent chronic diseases in children, and growing focus is placed on the exploration of attributable risk factors. Currently, no consensus has been reached on the implication of circulating zinc in the development of asthma. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to examine the association between circulating zinc and risk for childhood asthma and wheezing. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar from inception until December 1, 2022. All procedures were performed independently and in duplicate. Random-effects model was adopted to derive standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Statistical analyses were completed using the STATA software. Twenty-one articles and 2205 children were meta-analyzed. Overall, there was a statistically significant association between circulating zinc and risk for childhood asthma and wheezing (SMD: -0.38; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.17; I2=82.6%, p<0.001), without evidence of publication bias as revealed by Begg's (p=0.608) and Egger (p=0.408) tests. Subgroup analyses showed that children with asthma or wheezing in Middle Eastern countries had significantly lower circulating zinc levels than controls (SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.69 to -0.14; p<0.001; I2=87.1%). Additionally, average circulating zinc levels in asthma children were 0.41 μg/dl lower than that in controls, and the difference was statistically significant (SMD: -0.41; 95% CI: -0.65 to -0.16; p<0.001; I2=83.7%). By contrast, children with wheezing were 0.20 μg/dl lower than that in controls, and no between-group difference was noted (SMD=-0.20; 95% CI: -0.58 to 0.17; p=0.072; I2=69.1%). Our findings indicated that circulating zinc was associated with a significant risk for childhood asthma and its related symptom wheezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xue
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangling Deng
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
- International Medical Services, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenquan Niu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Feng C, Yao J, Xie Y, Yang F, Fan X. Association between different composite dietary antioxidant indexes and low back pain in American women adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:147. [PMID: 38200420 PMCID: PMC10782773 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is the leading cause of productivity loss, imposes a significant economic burden on the patients and society. Oxidative stress is considered a critical factor in the complex pathophysiological process and pathogenic mechanism of low back pain. Adjustment dietary pattern can effectively increase antioxidant biomarkers levels within the body to reduce oxidative stress. The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) serves a reliable scoring system for quantifying the potential dietary antioxidant capacity of daily diets. OBJECTIVE We aim to investigate the potential association between CDAI and low back pain, in order to enhance the management of low back pain through dietary guidance. METHODS This study included 17,682 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004 and 2009-2010. The weighted logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between CDAI and low back pain, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) was employed to examine non-linear trend and cutoffs. RESULTS After adjusting for all confounders, the results showed that there was no significant association between CDAI and low back pain. However, individuals in the highest quartile of CDAI exhibited an 11.7% less likelihood of experiencing a low back pain than those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.883; 95% CI [0.787,0.991], P = 0.034), and the trend test was also significant (P for trend < 0.001). RCS indicated a linear relationship between CDAI and low back pain (P for non-linear = 0.876). Gender subgroup analysis showed that this negative association was significant in the female population (OR = 0.983; 95% CI [0.968, 0.998], P = 0.027), and females in the highest quartile of CDAI were 19.7% less likely to suffer low back pain than those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.803; 95% CI [0.682,0.945], P = 0.008). Additionally, the changes in zinc (OR = 1.009; 95% CI [1.002, 1.016], P = 0.015) and selenium (OR = 0.379; 95% CI [0.164, 0.875], P = 0.023) per milligram were independently associated with low back pain. CONCLUSION The fully adjusted model showed no significant association between CDAI and low back pain, but it was significant in quartiles. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis by gender revealed a negative association between CDAI and low back pain in the female population. Additionally, the findings of this study also suggested that the antioxidant diets should be studied in a dietary pattern context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610075, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 130117, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yizhou Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610075, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610075, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610075, Chengdu, P. R. China.
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Thind MK, Uhlig HH, Glogauer M, Palaniyar N, Bourdon C, Gwela A, Lancioni CL, Berkley JA, Bandsma RHJ, Farooqui A. A metabolic perspective of the neutrophil life cycle: new avenues in immunometabolism. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1334205. [PMID: 38259490 PMCID: PMC10800387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1334205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cells. Multiple mechanisms allow them to engage a wide range of metabolic pathways for biosynthesis and bioenergetics for mediating biological processes such as development in the bone marrow and antimicrobial activity such as ROS production and NET formation, inflammation and tissue repair. We first discuss recent work on neutrophil development and functions and the metabolic processes to regulate granulopoiesis, neutrophil migration and trafficking as well as effector functions. We then discuss metabolic syndromes with impaired neutrophil functions that are influenced by genetic and environmental factors of nutrient availability and usage. Here, we particularly focus on the role of specific macronutrients, such as glucose, fatty acids, and protein, as well as micronutrients such as vitamin B3, in regulating neutrophil biology and how this regulation impacts host health. A special section of this review primarily discusses that the ways nutrient deficiencies could impact neutrophil biology and increase infection susceptibility. We emphasize biochemical approaches to explore neutrophil metabolism in relation to development and functions. Lastly, we discuss opportunities and challenges to neutrophil-centered therapeutic approaches in immune-driven diseases and highlight unanswered questions to guide future discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehakpreet K Thind
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nades Palaniyar
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Celine Bourdon
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Agnes Gwela
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Christina L Lancioni
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - James A Berkley
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Kilifi, Kenya
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H J Bandsma
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive, and Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amber Farooqui
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Childhood Acute Illness & Nutrition Network (CHAIN), Nairobi, Kenya
- Omega Laboratories Inc, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Chen B, Yu P, Chan WN, Xie F, Zhang Y, Liang L, Leung KT, Lo KW, Yu J, Tse GMK, Kang W, To KF. Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:6. [PMID: 38169461 PMCID: PMC10761908 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body. A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis, often coinciding with disease progression. As an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium, cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease development. Extensive research suggests zinc's involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells, despite its low tissue concentration. This has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc's cellular metabolism, particularly the functions of zinc transporters and storage mechanisms during cancer progression. Zinc transportation is under the control of two major transporter families: SLC30 (ZnT) for the excretion of zinc and SLC39 (ZIP) for the zinc intake. Additionally, the storage of this essential element is predominantly mediated by metallothioneins (MTs). This review consolidates knowledge on the critical functions of cellular zinc signaling and underscores potential molecular pathways linking zinc metabolism to disease progression, with a special focus on cancer. We also compile a summary of clinical trials involving zinc ions. Given the main localization of zinc transporters at the cell membrane, the potential for targeted therapies, including small molecules and monoclonal antibodies, offers promising avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonan Chen
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wai Nok Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fuda Xie
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yigan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary M K Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Dhar S, Yadav R, Tomar A. Serum Zinc Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome are Lower as Compared to Those without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cohort Study. J Hum Reprod Sci 2024; 17:25-32. [PMID: 38665613 PMCID: PMC11041321 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_8_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc is an essential micronutrient, a vital stabiliser and a cofactor in many enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and phospholipase C and also acts as an antioxidant by protecting the sulfhydryl groups of different proteins and enzymes against free radicals. It is unclear if serum zinc levels are correlated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its pathophysiology, although relation between diabetes and insulin resistance has been established. Aims This study aimed to investigate circulating serum zinc levels in PCOS subjects compared with non-PCOS subjects. Settings and Design In this cohort study, PCOS subjects were compared with normal subjects aged between 18 and 35. Materials and Methods All the included subjects underwent measurement of anthropometric parameters, fasting insulin, luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, progesterone, oestrogen and serum zinc levels. These values were taken on days 2-5 of the menstrual cycle. Statistical Analysis Used Univariate analysis and linear regression were performed for serum zinc levels and fasting insulin levels in PCOS subjects and non-PCOS subjects using SPSS (version 21) and Microsoft Excel (2019). Results Serum zinc levels in the PCOS group were lower than in the control group (P = 0.012). Fasting insulin levels in the PCOS group were higher than in non-PCOS subjects (P = 0.001). We found a negative correlation between zinc and fasting insulin (r = -0.580, P < 0.0001) in the normal group and (r = -0.332, P = 0.019) in the PCOS group. A positive correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and fasting insulin levels in both the PCOS group (r = 0.227, P = 0.112) and normals (r = 0.612, P < 0.0001). A negative statistically significant correlation between BMI and zinc in both the PCOS group (r = -0.378, P = 0.007) and the non-PCOS group (r = -0.7452, P < 0.0001) was seen. Conclusion The data suggest that serum zinc levels were found to be lower in PCOS subjects as compared to normal controls and evaluation of these levels may indicate that zinc has a vital role in PCOS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Dhar
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Reena Yadav
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Akash Tomar
- Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Basta D, Latinovic OS, Tagaya Y, Silvestri G. Potential Advantages of a Well-balanced Nutrition Regimen for People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type -1. JOURNAL OF AIDS AND HIV TREATMENT 2024; 6:11-27. [PMID: 38845818 PMCID: PMC11155617 DOI: 10.33696/aids.6.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
This review underscores the important role of nutrition in enhancing the management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1). Highlighting the efficacy of dietary interventions, including, the importance of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins D and B-12, and the Mediterranean diet, we delineate how these beneficial nutritional strategies can improve the effectiveness of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), mitigate its side effects, and ameliorate metabolic disorders in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Our review advocates for the integration and implementation of personalized nutritional assessments into the care plan for PLWH, proposing actionable strategies for healthcare providers in HIV-1 field. Summarizing the current standing of the relevance of the nutritional and well-planned diet recommended for the PLWH and emphasizing on the future research directions, this review establishes a foundation for nutrition as a cornerstone in comprehensive HIV-1 management. Our review aims to improve patients' health outcomes and overall quality of life for PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Basta
- Green Home scarl, Scientific Committee, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Olga S. Latinovic
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yutaka Tagaya
- Division of Virology, Pathogenesis, and Cancer, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Giovannino Silvestri
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Iqbal S, Abid J, Akram S, Shah HBU, Farooq U, Ahmad AMR. Zinc status or supplementation and its relation to soil-transmitted helminthiasis in children: A systematic review. Parasite Immunol 2024; 46:e13015. [PMID: 37846743 DOI: 10.1111/pim.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) parasitic infection is known as one of the most common infections around the world affecting more than a quarter of the world's population. The relationship between STH infections and micronutrient deficiencies are closely related and often coexist among the affected population. The study, therefore, aimed to summarise the available literature focusing on the effect of zinc status/deficiency or supplementation on STH infection or reinfection in children. For this purpose, we adopted a systematic approach and searched the existing literature on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases. A search term was entered to retrieve the available data. A total of 12 articles were included in this review after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Most of the included studies reported a lower zinc status in children affected with any parasitic infection. Regarding the effect of zinc status and supplementation on parasitic infection in children, we found only a few studies (n = 4) with inconsistent result findings. This review reported that children infected with STH have lower zinc levels; however, a limited number of studies showed the effect of zinc supplements on the risk of STH warrants the need for further studies in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Iqbal
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Juweria Abid
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sajeela Akram
- Department of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | | | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Momin Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Huang J, Wang Y, Zhou Y. METTL3 and METTL14 regulate IL-6 expression via RNA m6A modification of zinc transporter SLC39A9 and DNA methylation of IL-6 in periodontal ligament cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119605. [PMID: 37821055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The inflammatory response is a key process in periodontitis. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has been proven to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes. This study aims to investigate the role and downstream mechanism of N6-adenosine-enzyme subunits methyltransferase (METTL) 3 and 14 in the inflammatory response of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). The total m6A content and the expression of METTL3 and METTL14 were upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated PDLCs. Knockdown of METTL3 or METTL14 suppressed the LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-6 expression, as shown by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mechanistically, conjoint analysis of m6A sequencing of METTL3-knockdown and METTL14-knockdown PDLCs revealed that the expression of solute carrier family 39 member 9 (SLC39A9) was mediated in a m6A-dependent manner. The suppression of LPS-induced IL-6 by METTL3 or METTL14 knockdown was partially counteracted by SLC39A9 knockdown, which induced downregulation of intracellular zinc via immunofluorescence staining. Amplicon bisulfite sequencing (AmpBS) demonstrated that METTL3/14 knockdown increased the methylation at one position of the IL-6 promoter, while SLC39A9 knockdown decreased it, which was basically consistent with the intracellular zinc concentration and negatively associated with IL-6 expression. Moreover, METTL3 or METTL14 knockdown attenuated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which was partially counteracted by SLC39A9 knockdown. These results revealed the "LPS-METTL3/14-SLC39A9-zinc-IL-6" axis and involvement of p38 and JNK MAPK signaling pathway in the inflammatory responses of PDLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Center for Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry, Optics Valley Branch, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yining Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; Center for Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry, Optics Valley Branch, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430074, China; Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Chen KY, Lin CK, Chen NH. Effects of vitamin D and zinc deficiency in acute and long COVID syndrome. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127278. [PMID: 37566973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute inflammatory or neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as headache, fatigue, anosmia, and hyposmia, sometimes persist for more than 30 days or longer than 12 weeks after infection with the Omicron variant of SARS‑CoV‑2 (hereafter referred to as COVID-19). The aim of this study was to determine whether detection of zinc concentration or vitamin D concentration could provide treatment benefits for patients with COVID-19, thus reducing the risk of them experiencing long COVID. METHODS The interval between the date of COVID-19 diagnosis and the date of visit to pulmonary department for prolonged symptoms of COVID-19 was recorded for statistical analysis. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for detecting zinc and chemiluminescence immunoassay for detecting vitamin D were performed in laboratory tests. RESULTS Fifty-five patients were included. Of the participants, 29.1 % and 27.3 % had vitamin D and zinc deficiency, respectively. On average, the patients underwent long COVID treatment for 31.7 ± 17.7 days. A positive statistical correlation was observed between vitamin D and zinc concentrations (Pearson's correlation = 0.378). Compared with sufficient zinc levels, zinc deficiency was associated with a higher fibrinogen level (p < 0.05). Within 30 days, the observed vitamin D deficiency rate was only 21.4 %; after 30 days, the vitamin D deficiency rate rose to 37.0 % (McNemar's chi-square test; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Zinc deficiency correlates to acute and persistent inflammation and vitamin D deficiency is associated with delayed recovery in long COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Yu Chen
- Chest Medicine, Lo-Tung Poh-Ai Hospital, No. 83, Nanchang Street, Luodong Township, Yilan County 265, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Kuo Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 6, West Sec. Chiapu Rd., Putzu City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Hung Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sleep Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Chan GCK, Ng JKC, Cheng PMS, Chow KM, Szeto CC, Li PKT. Dietary Micronutrient Intake and Its Relationship with the Malnutrition-Inflammation-Frailty Complex in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4934. [PMID: 38068792 PMCID: PMC10707898 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between dietary patterns and the malnutrition-inflammation-frailty complex in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) is currently unknown. Our objective was to measure dietary nutrient intake and evaluate its association with malnutrition, inflammation, and frailty. METHODS We prospectively recruited adult PD patients. We assessed their dietary nutrient intake using a food frequency questionnaire. Frailty, malnutrition, and inflammation were evaluated by validated Frailty Score (FQ), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS). RESULTS A total of 209 patients were recruited for the study. Among them, 89 patients (42.6%) had an insufficient protein intake, and 104 patients (49.8%) had an insufficient energy intake. Additionally, 127 subjects were identified as frail, characterized by being older (61.9 ± 9.5 vs. 55.6 ± 12.8, p < 0.001), malnourished (SGA: 21.0 ± 2.7 vs. 22.7 ± 3.1, p < 0.001), and having a high inflammation burden (MIS: 10.55 ± 3.72 vs. 7.18 ± 3.61, p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between dietary zinc intake and body mass index (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), SGA (r = 0.22, p = 0.01), and MIS (r = -0.22, p = 0.01). In the multivariate model, a higher dietary zinc intake predicted a higher SGA (beta 0.03, p = 0.003) and lower FQ (beta -0.38, p < 0.001) and MIS (beta -0.14, p < 0.001), indicating a better nutrition, less frail and inflamed state. A higher dietary zinc intake was also associated with a lower odds of being frail (adjusted odds ratio 0.96, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Dietary inadequacy and micronutrient deficiency are common among the PD population. Dietary zinc intake is independently associated with an improved nutrition, physical condition, and reduced inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Chun-Kau Chan
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (G.C.-K.C.); (J.K.-C.N.); (P.M.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.); (C.-C.S.)
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Kit-Chung Ng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (G.C.-K.C.); (J.K.-C.N.); (P.M.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.); (C.-C.S.)
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (G.C.-K.C.); (J.K.-C.N.); (P.M.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.); (C.-C.S.)
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Ming Chow
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (G.C.-K.C.); (J.K.-C.N.); (P.M.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.); (C.-C.S.)
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (G.C.-K.C.); (J.K.-C.N.); (P.M.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.); (C.-C.S.)
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (G.C.-K.C.); (J.K.-C.N.); (P.M.-S.C.); (K.-M.C.); (C.-C.S.)
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Kijima K, Ono G, Kobayakawa K, Saiwai H, Hara M, Yoshizaki S, Yokota K, Saito T, Tamaru T, Iura H, Haruta Y, Kitade K, Utsunomiya T, Konno D, Edgerton VR, Liu CY, Sakai H, Maeda T, Kawaguchi K, Matsumoto Y, Okada S, Nakashima Y. Zinc deficiency impairs axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury by modulating macrophage polarization via NF-κB pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1290100. [PMID: 38022538 PMCID: PMC10666775 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1290100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that results in permanent paralysis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for SCI, and it is important to identify factors that can provide therapeutic intervention during the course of the disease. Zinc, an essential trace element, has attracted attention as a regulator of inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the effect of zinc status on the SCI pathology and whether or not zinc could be a potential therapeutic target. Methods We created experimental mouse models with three different serum zinc concentration by changing the zinc content of the diet. After inducing contusion injury to the spinal cord of three mouse models, we assessed inflammation, apoptosis, demyelination, axonal regeneration, and the number of nuclear translocations of NF-κB in macrophages by using qPCR and immunostaining. In addition, macrophages in the injured spinal cord of these mouse models were isolated by flow cytometry, and their intracellular zinc concentration level and gene expression were examined. Functional recovery was assessed using the open field motor score, a foot print analysis, and a grid walk test. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and ANOVA with the Tukey-Kramer test. Results In macrophages after SCI, zinc deficiency promoted nuclear translocation of NF-κB, polarization to pro-inflammatory like phenotype and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The inflammatory response exacerbated by zinc deficiency led to worsening motor function by inducing more apoptosis of oligodendrocytes and demyelination and inhibiting axonal regeneration in the lesion site compared to the normal zinc condition. Furthermore, zinc supplementation after SCI attenuated these zinc-deficiency-induced series of responses and improved motor function. Conclusion We demonstrated that zinc affected axonal regeneration and motor functional recovery after SCI by negatively regulating NF-κB activity and the subsequent inflammatory response in macrophages. Our findings suggest that zinc supplementation after SCI may be a novel therapeutic strategy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Kijima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Neurorestoration Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gentaro Ono
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazu Kobayakawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Saiwai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Hara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shingo Yoshizaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yokota
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Saito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tamaru
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Iura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Haruta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kitade
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daijiro Konno
- Department of Energy and Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - V. Reggie Edgerton
- Neurorestoration Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Rancho Research Institute, Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA, United States
- Institut Guttmann. Hospital de Neurorehabilitació, Institut Universitari adscrit a la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Charles Y. Liu
- Neurorestoration Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Rancho Research Institute, Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA, United States
| | - Hiroaki Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spinal Injuries Center, Iizuka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Spinal Injuries Center, Iizuka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kawaguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Liu Y, Li X, Liu S, Du J, Xu J, Liu Y, Guo L. The changes and potential effects of zinc homeostasis in periodontitis microenvironment. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3063-3077. [PMID: 35996971 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is a very important and ubiquitous element, which is present in oral environment, daily diet, oral health products, dental restorative materials, and so on. However, there is a lack of attention to the role of both extracellular or intracellular zinc in the progression of periodontitis and periodontal regeneration. This review summarizes the characteristics of immunological microenvironment and host cells function in several key stages of periodontitis progression, and explores the regulatory effect of zinc during this process. We find multiple evidence indicate that zinc may be involved and play a key role in the stages of immune defense, inflammatory response and bone remodeling. Zinc supplementation in an appropriate dose range or regulation of zinc transport proteins can promote periodontal regeneration by either enhancing immune defense or up-regulating local cells proliferation and differentiation functions. Therefore, zinc homeostasis is essential in periodontal remodeling and regeneration. More attention is suggested to be focused on zinc homeostasis regulation and consider it as a potential strategy in the studies on periodontitis treatment, periodontal-guided tissue regeneration, implant material transformation, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Stefanache A, Lungu II, Butnariu IA, Calin G, Gutu C, Marcu C, Grierosu C, Bogdan Goroftei ER, Duceac LD, Dabija MG, Popa F, Damir D. Understanding How Minerals Contribute to Optimal Immune Function. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:3355733. [PMID: 37946846 PMCID: PMC10632063 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3355733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sufficient mineral supply is vital not only for the innate immune system but also for the components of the adaptive immune defense, which encompass defense mechanisms against pathogens and the delicate balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory regulation in the long term. Generally, a well-balanced diet is capable of providing the necessary minerals to support the immune system. Nevertheless, specific vulnerable populations should be cautious about obtaining adequate amounts of minerals such as magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, and selenium. Inadequate levels of these minerals can temporarily impair immune competence and disrupt the long-term regulation of systemic inflammation. Therefore, comprehending the mechanisms and sources of these minerals is crucial. In exceptional circumstances, mineral deficiencies may necessitate supplementation; however, excessive intake of supplements can have adverse effects on the immune system and should be avoided. Consequently, any supplementation should be approved by medical professionals and administered in recommended doses. This review emphasizes the crucial significance of minerals in promoting optimal functioning of the immune system. It investigates the indispensable minerals required for immune system function and the regulation of inflammation. Moreover, it delves into the significance of maintaining an optimized intake of minerals from a nutritional standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Stefanache
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | - Ionut-Iulian Lungu
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | | | - Gabriela Calin
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 11 Pacurari Street, Iasi 700511, Romania
| | - Cristian Gutu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Dunarea de Jos, 47 Domneasca Street, Galati 800008, Romania
| | - Constantin Marcu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Dunarea de Jos, 47 Domneasca Street, Galati 800008, Romania
| | - Carmen Grierosu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 11 Pacurari Street, Iasi 700511, Romania
| | | | - Letitia-Doina Duceac
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Dunarea de Jos, 47 Domneasca Street, Galati 800008, Romania
| | | | - Florina Popa
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Dunarea de Jos, 47 Domneasca Street, Galati 800008, Romania
| | - Daniela Damir
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
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47
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Fan L, Cui Y, Liu Z, Guo J, Gong X, Zhang Y, Tang W, Zhao J, Xue Q. Zinc and selenium status in coronavirus disease 2019. Biometals 2023; 36:929-941. [PMID: 37079168 PMCID: PMC10116102 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
We systematically analyzed and attempted to discuss the possibility that deficiencies of zinc or selenium were associated with the incidence and severity of COVID-19. We searched for published and unpublished articles in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane up to 9 February 2023. And we selected healthy individuals, mild/severe, and even deceased COVID-19 patients to analyze their serum data. Data related to 2319 patients from 20 studies were analyzed. In the mild/severe group, zinc deficiency was associated with the degree of severe disease (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI 0.32-0.68, I2 = 50.5%) and we got an Egger's test of p = 0.784; but selenium deficiency was not associated with the degree of severe disease (SMD = - 0.03, 95% CI - 0.98-0.93, I2 = 96.7%). In the surviving/death group, zinc deficiency was not associated with mortality of COVID-19 (SMD = 1.66, 95%CI - 1.42-4.47), nor was selenium (SMD = - 0.16, 95%CI - 1.33-1.01). In the risk group, zinc deficiency was positively associated with the prevalence of COVID-19 (SMD = 1.21, 95% CI 0.96-1.46, I2 = 54.3%) and selenium deficiency was also positively associated with the prevalence of it (SMD = 1.16, 95% CI 0.71-1.61, I2 = 58.3%). Currently, serum zinc and selenium deficiencies increase the incidence of COVID-19 and zinc deficiency exacerbates the disease; however, neither zinc nor selenium was associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19. Nevertheless, our conclusions may change when new clinical studies are published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liding Fan
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Yanshuo Cui
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Zonghao Liu
- Shandong University, No.27, Shanda Nanshan Road, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jiayue Guo
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Gong
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Weihao Tang
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Jiahe Zhao
- Binzhou Medical University, No.346 Guanhai Road, Binzhou, 256699, Shandong, China
| | - Qingjie Xue
- Jining Medical University, No.16, Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
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48
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Heras A, Chambers R, Solomon Z, Blatt L, Martin CR. Nutrition-based implications and therapeutics in the development and recovery of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151818. [PMID: 37775366 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Premature births account for over 10% of live births worldwide. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) represents a severe sequela in neonates born very prematurely and remains the most common chronic neonatal lung disease, often leading to serious adverse consequences in adulthood. Nutrition plays a crucial role in lung development and repair. Ongoing research has primarily focused on the pathogenesis and prevention of BPD in preterm birth. However, infants with established BPD need specialist medical care that persists throughout their hospitalization and continues after discharge. This manuscript aims to highlight the impact of growth and nutrition on BPD and highlight research gaps to provide direction for future studies. Protective practices include ensuring adequate early energy delivery through parenteral nutrition and enteral feedings while carefully monitoring total fluid intake and the use of breast milk over formula. These nutritional strategies remain the same for infants with established BPD with the addition of limiting the use of diuretics and steroids; but if employed, monitoring carefully without compromising total energy delivery. Functional nutrient supplements with a potential protective role against BPD are revisited, despite the limited evidence of their efficacy, including vitamins, trace elements, zinc, lipids, and sphingolipids. Planning post-intensive care and outpatient longitudinal nutrition support is critical in caring for an infant with established BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Heras
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Komansky Children's Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rachel Chambers
- NewYork-Presbyterian Food& Nutrition Services, Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zenna Solomon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Komansky Children's Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lauren Blatt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Komansky Children's Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Camilia R Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Komansky Children's Hospital, New York, NY, United States.
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49
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Doaei S, Mardi A, Zare M. Role of micronutrients in the modulation of immune system and platelet activating factor in patients with COVID-19; a narrative review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1207237. [PMID: 37781112 PMCID: PMC10540693 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1207237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary micronutrients may play important roles in the improvement of the immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to assess the effect of micronutrients on platelet activating factor (PAF) and immunity with a special focus on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods All paper published in English on the effects of micronutrients including fat soluble vitamins, water soluble vitamins, and minerals on PAF, immunity, and COVID-19 were collected from online valid databases. Results Vitamin A may modulate the expression of PAF-receptor gene in patients with COVID-19. Vitamin D may modulate inflammatory response through influencing PAF pathway. Vitamin E may improve COVID-19 related heart injuries by exert anti-PAF activities. Vitamin C status may have PAF related anti-inflammatory and micro-thrombotic effects in SARS-CoV-2 patients. Furthermore, some trace elements such as copper, selenium, and iron may have key roles in strengthens immunity by inactivate PAF acetyl hydrolase. Conclusion This narrative review study highlighted the importance of micronutrients in the improvement of immune function through modulation of PAF in patients with COVID-19. Further longitudinal studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afrouz Mardi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Department of Nutrition, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
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50
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Zhivkova T, Culita DC, Abudalleh A, Dyakova L, Mocanu T, Madalan AM, Georgieva M, Miloshev G, Hanganu A, Marinescu G, Alexandrova R. Homo- and heterometallic complexes of Zn(II), {Zn(II)Au(I)}, and {Zn(II)Ag(I)} with pentadentate Schiff base ligands as promising anticancer agents. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12282-12295. [PMID: 37574873 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01749d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Two families of homo- and heterometallic complexes, [Zn2L1(μ-OH)(H2O)2](ClO4)2, [Zn2L2(μ-OH)(H2O)2](ClO4)2, [Zn2L3(μ-OH)(H2O)2](ClO4)2, 1∞[{L1Zn2(μ-OH)}{μ-[Ag(CN)2]}](ClO4), [{L1Zn2(μ-OH)}2{μ-[Au(CN)2]}{[Au(CN)2]2}](ClO4)·H2O, 1∞[{L2Zn2(μ3-OH)}2(H2O){μ-[Ag(CN)2]}](ClO4)3·THF·0.5MeOH, 1∞[{L2Zn2(μ3-OH)}2(H2O){μ-[Au(CN)2]}](ClO4)3·THF·H2O, and 1∞[{L3Zn2(μ-OH)}{μ-[Ag(CN)2]}][Ag(CN)2]·H2O, respectively, have been synthesized and characterized. The Schiff bases used as ligands were obtained by condensation reactions of 2,6-diformyl-p-cresol with N,N-dimethyl-ethylenediamine (HL1), 2-aminomethyl-pyridine (HL2), and 2-aminoethyl-pyridine (HL3), respectively. The cytotoxic/cytostatic and genotoxic effects in cultured human MCF-7 (luminal type A breast cancer), MDA-MB-231 (triple negative breast cancer), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), and Lep-3 (non-tumor embryonal fibroblastoid cells) were studied. The investigations were performed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide test (MTT test), neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay, crystal violet staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, double staining with acridine orange and propidium iodide, AnnexinV/FITC, and Comet assay in short-term experiments (24-72 h, with monolayer cell cultures) as well as by 3D colony-forming method in long-term experiments (28 days, with 3D cancer cell colonies). The results obtained revealed that: (i) applied at a concentration range of 0.1-100 μg mL-1, the compounds investigated decrease in a time- and concentration-dependent manner the viability and/or proliferation of the treated cells; (ii) complexes of {Zn(II)Au(I)} show relatively higher cytotoxic/genotoxic activity and antitumor potential as compared to {Zn(II)Ag(I)}; (iii) some of the complexes demonstrate more pronounced cytotoxic potential than commercially available antitumor agents cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and epirubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Zhivkova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Daniela C Culita
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Abedulkadir Abudalleh
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
| | - Lora Dyakova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 23, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Mocanu
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Augustin M Madalan
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Regina Elisabeta Blvd. 4-12, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - George Miloshev
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Anamaria Hanganu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Regina Elisabeta Blvd. 4-12, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
- "C.D. Nenitzescu" Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202B, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Marinescu
- Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Radostina Alexandrova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
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