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Somagattu P, Chinnannan K, Yammanuru H, Reddy UK, Nimmakayala P. Selenium dynamics in plants: Uptake, transport, toxicity, and sustainable management strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175033. [PMID: 39059668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) plays crucial roles in human, animal, and plant physiology, but its varied plant functions remain complex and not fully understood. While Se deficiency affects over a billion people worldwide, excessive Se levels can be toxic, presenting substantial risks to ecosystem health and public safety. The delicate balance between Se's beneficial and harmful effects necessitates a deeper understanding of its speciation dynamics and how different organisms within ecosystems respond to Se. Since humans primarily consume Se through Se-rich foods, exploring Se's behavior, uptake, and transport within agroecosystems is critical to creating effective management strategies. Traditional physicochemical methods for Se remediation are often expensive and potentially harmful to the environment, pushing the need for more sustainable solutions. In recent years, phytotechnologies have gained traction as a promising approach to Se management by harnessing plants' natural abilities to absorb, accumulate, metabolize, and volatilize Se. These strategies range from boosting Se uptake and tolerance in plants to releasing Se as less toxic volatile compounds or utilizing it as a biofortified supplement, opening up diverse possibilities for managing Se, offering sustainable pathways to improve crop nutritional quality, and protecting human health in different environmental contexts. However, closing the gaps in our understanding of Se dynamics within agricultural systems calls for a united front of interdisciplinary collaboration from biology to environmental science, agriculture, and public health, which has a crucial role to play. Phytotechnologies offer a sustainable bridge between Se deficiency and toxicity, but further research is needed to optimize these methods and explore their potential in various agricultural and environmental settings. By shedding light on Se's multifaceted roles and refining management strategies, this review contributes to developing cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches for Se management in agroecosystems. It aims to lead the way toward a healthier and more sustainable future by balancing the need to address Se deficiency and mitigate the risks of Se toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapooja Somagattu
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Karthik Chinnannan
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Hyndavi Yammanuru
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Umesh K Reddy
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Padma Nimmakayala
- Department of Biology, Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA.
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Li Y, Cheng L, Yang B, Ding Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Nie Y, Liu Y, Xu A. Zinc oxide/graphene oxide nanocomposites specifically remediated Cd-contaminated soil via reduction of bioavailability and ecotoxicity of Cd. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173641. [PMID: 38825205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
From both environment and health perspectives, sustainable management of ever-growing soil contamination by heavy metal is posing a serious global concern. The potential ecotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) to soil and ecosystem seriously threatens human health. Developing efficient, specific, and long-term remediation technology for Cd-contaminated soil is impending to synchronously minimize the bioavailability and ecotoxicity of Cd. In the present study, zinc oxide/graphene oxide nanocomposite (ZnO/GO) was developed as a novel amendment for remediating Cd-contaminated soil. Our results showed that ZnO/GO effectively decreased the available soil Cd content, and increased pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in both Cd-spiked standard soil and Cd-contaminated mine field soil through the interaction between ZnO/GO and soil organic acids. Using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a model organism for soil safety evaluation, ZnO/GO was further proved to decrease the ecotoxicity of Cd-contaminated soil. Specifically, ZnO/GO promoted Cd excretion and declined Cd storage in C. elegans by increasing the expression of gene ttm-1 and decreasing the level of gene cdf-2, which were responsible for Cd transportation and Cd accumulation, respectively. Moreover, the efficacy of ZnO/GO in remediating the properties and ecotoxicity of Cd-contaminated soil increased gradually with the time gradient, and could maintain a long-term effect after reaching the optimal remediation efficiency. Our findings established a specific and long-term strategy to simultaneously improve soil properties and reduce ecotoxicity of Cd-contaminated soil, which might provide new insights into the potential application of ZnO/GO in soil remediation for both ecosystem and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Lei Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Baolin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Yuting Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Yaguang Nie
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yun Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.
| | - An Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, CAS, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
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Qi Z, Duan A, Ng K. Selenosugar, selenopolysaccharide, and putative selenoflavonoid in plants. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13329. [PMID: 38551194 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring essential micronutrient that is required for human health. Selenium supports cellular antioxidant defense and possesses bioeffects such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and cardiovascular and liver protective effects arising from Se-enhanced cellular antioxidant activity. Past studies on Se have focused on elucidating Se speciation in foods, biofortification strategies to produce Se-enriched foods to address Se deficiency in the population, and the biochemical activities of Se in health. The bioavailability and toxicity of Se are closely correlated to its chemical forms and may exhibit varying effects on body physiology. Selenium exists in inorganic and organic forms, in which inorganic Se such as sodium selenite and sodium selenate is more widely available. However, it is a challenge for safe and effective supplementation considering inorganic Se low bioavailability and high cytotoxicity. Organic Se, by contrast, exhibits higher bioavailability and lower toxicity and has a more diverse composition and structure. Organic Se exists as selenoamino acids and selenoproteins, but recent research has provided evidence that it also exists as selenosugars, selenopolysaccharides, and possibly as selenoflavonoids. Different food categories contain various Se compounds, and their Se profiles vary significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to delineate Se speciation in foods to understand their impact on health. This comprehensive review documents our knowledge of the recent uncovering of the existence of selenosugars and selenopolysaccharides and the putative evidence for selenoflavonoids. The bioavailability and bioactivities of these food-derived organic Se compounds are highlighted, in addition to their composition, structural features, and structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Qi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Duan
- Melbourne TrACEES Platform, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Ng
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Chilala P, Skalickova S, Horky P. Selenium Status of Southern Africa. Nutrients 2024; 16:975. [PMID: 38613007 PMCID: PMC11013911 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element that exists in inorganic forms (selenite and selenates) and organic forms (selenoamino acids, seleno peptides, and selenoproteins). Selenium is known to aid in the function of the immune system for populations where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is endemic, as studies suggest that a lack of selenium is associated with a higher risk of mortality among those with HIV. In a recent study conducted in Zambia, adults had a median plasma selenium concentration of 0.27 μmol/L (IQR 0.14-0.43). Concentrations consistent with deficiency (<0.63 μmol/L) were found in 83% of adults. With these results, it can be clearly seen that selenium levels in Southern Africa should be investigated to ensure the good health of both livestock and humans. The recommended selenium dietary requirement of most domesticated livestock is 0.3 mg Se/kg, and in humans above 19 years, anRDA (recommended daily allowance) of 55 mcg Se/per dayisis recommended, but most of the research findings of Southern African countries have recorded low levels. With research findings showing alarming low levels of selenium in soils, humans, and raw feed materials in Southern Africa, further research will be vital in answering questions on how best to improve the selenium status of Southern African soils and plants for livestock and humans to attain sufficient quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.C.); (S.S.)
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Szőllősi R, Molnár Á, Janovszky P, Kéri A, Galbács G, Dernovics M, Kolbert Z. Selenate triggers diverse oxidative responses in Astragalus species with diverse selenium tolerance and hyperaccumulation capacity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107976. [PMID: 37625253 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) hyperaccumulators are capable of uptake and tolerate high Se dosages. Excess Se-induced oxidative responses were compared in Astragalus bisulcatus and Astragalus cicer. Plants were grown on media supplemented with 0, 25 or 75 μM selenate for 14 days. Both A. bisulcatus and A. cicer accumulated >2000 μg/g dry weight Se to the shoot but the translocation factors of A. cicer were below 1 suggesting its non hyperaccumulator nature. A. cicer showed Se sensitivity indicated by reduced seedling fresh weight, root growth and root apical meristem viability, altered element homeostasis in the presence of Se. In Se-exposed A. bisulcatus, less toxic organic Se forms (mainly MetSeCys, γ-Glu-MetSeCys, and a selenosugar) dominated, while these were absent from A. cicer suggesting that the majority of the accumulated Se may be present as inorganic forms. The glutathione-dependent processes were more affected, while ascorbate levels were not notably influenced by Se in either species. Exogenous Se triggered more intense accumulation of malondialdehyde in the sensitive A. cicer compared with the tolerant A. bisulcatus. The extent of protein carbonylation in the roots of the 75 μM Se-exposed A. cicer exceeded that of A. bisulcatus indicating a correlation between selenate sensitivity and the degree of protein carbonylation. Overall, our results reveal connection between oxidative processes and Se sensitivity/tolerance/hyperaccumulation and contribute to the understanding of the molecular responses to excess Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Szőllősi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép alley 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép alley 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Patrick Janovszky
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm square 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Albert Kéri
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm square 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Galbács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm square 7, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mihály Dernovics
- Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Brunszvik str. 2., 2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép alley 52, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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Singh P, Singh S, Maurya P, Mohanta A, Dubey H, Khadim SR, Singh AK, Pandey AK, Singh AK, Asthana RK. Bioaccumulation of selenium in halotolerant microalga Dunaliella salina and its impact on photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species, antioxidative enzymes, and neutral lipids. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114842. [PMID: 36965269 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for living systems, however, toxic at higher levels. In the present study, Dunaliella salina cells were exposed to different Se concentrations for their growth (EC50 195 mg L-1) as well as Se accumulation. The cells exposed to 50 mg L-1 Se showed photoautotrophic growth parallel to control and accumulated 65 μg Se g-1 DW. A decrease in photosynthetic quantum yield, chlorophyll content, and the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species, proline content, and lipid peroxidation accompanied by higher neutral lipid accumulation, were recorded at higher Se level. The enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase played a pivotal role in antioxidative defense. Heterogeneity in accumulated carotenoids at varying concentrations of selenium was prevalent. The cells exposed to 200 mg L-1 Se resulted in the disorganization of organelles. Thus, the Se enriched biomass obtained at 50 mg L-1 may be explored for bio-fortification of food and feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Singh
- Biochemistry Department, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Sakshi Singh
- Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Maurya
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Mohanta
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Hardik Dubey
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sk Riyazat Khadim
- Department of Botany, Model Degree College, Nabarangpur, Odisha 764063, India
| | - Ankit K Singh
- Department of Botany, Marwari College (a Constituent Unit of Lalit Narayan Mithila University), Darbhanga 846004, India
| | - Adarsh K Pandey
- Sophisticated Analytical and Technical Help Institute (SATHI), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arvind K Singh
- Biochemistry Department, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Ravi K Asthana
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Bouranis DL, Stylianidis GP, Manta V, Karousis EN, Tzanaki A, Dimitriadi D, Bouzas EA, Siyiannis VF, Constantinou-Kokotou V, Chorianopoulou SN, Bloem E. Floret Biofortification of Broccoli Using Amino Acids Coupled with Selenium under Different Surfactants: A Case Study of Cultivating Functional Foods. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1272. [PMID: 36986960 PMCID: PMC10055910 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Broccoli serves as a functional food because it can accumulate selenium (Se), well-known bioactive amino-acid-derived secondary metabolites, and polyphenols. The chemical and physical properties of Se are very similar to those of sulfur (S), and competition between sulfate and selenate for uptake and assimilation has been demonstrated. Towards an efficient agronomic fortification of broccoli florets, the working questions were whether we could overcome this competition by exogenously applying the S-containing amino acids cysteine (Cys) or/and methionine (Met), or/and the precursors of Glucosinolate (GSL) types along with Se application. Broccoli plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and at the beginning of floret growth, we exogenously applied sodium selenate in the concentration gradient of 0, 0.2, 1.5, and 3.0 mM to study the impact of increased Se concentration on the organic S (Sorg) content of the floret. The Se concentration of 0.2 mM (Se0.2) was coupled with the application of Cys, Met, their combination, or a mixture of phenylalanine, tryptophane, and Met. The application took place through fertigation or foliar application (FA) by adding isodecyl alcohol ethoxylate (IAE) or a silicon ethoxylate (SiE) surfactant. Fresh biomass, dry mass, and Se accumulation in florets were evaluated, along with their contents of Sorg, chlorophylls (Chl), carotenoids (Car), glucoraphanin (GlRa), glucobrassicin (GlBra), glucoiberin (GlIb), and polyphenols (PPs), for the biofortification efficiency of the three application modes. From the studied selenium concentration gradient, the foliar application of 0.2 mM Se using silicon ethoxylate (SiE) as a surfactant provided the lowest commercially acceptable Se content in florets (239 μg or 0.3 μmol g-1 DM); it reduced Sorg (-45%), GlIb (-31%), and GlBr (-27%); and it increased Car (21%) and GlRa (27%). Coupled with amino acids, 0.2 mM Se provided commercially acceptable Se contents per floret only via foliar application. From the studied combinations, that of Met,Se0.2/FA,IAE provided the lowest Se content per floret (183 μg or 0.2 μmol g-1 DM) and increased Sorg (35%), Car (45%), and total Chl (27%), with no effect on PPs or GSLs. Cys,Met,Se0.2/FA,IAE and amino acid mix,Se0.2/FA,IAE increased Sorg content, too, by 36% and 16%, respectively. Thus, the foliar application with the IAE surfactant was able to increase Sorg, and methionine was the amino acid in common in these treatments, with varying positive effects on carotenoids and chlorophylls. Only the Cys,Met,Se0.2 combination presented positive effects on GSLs, especially GlRa, but it reduced the fresh mass of the floret. The foliar application with SiE as a surfactant failed to positively affect the organic S content. However, in all studied combinations of Se 0.2 mM with amino acids, the Se content per floret was commercially acceptable, the yield was not affected, the content of GSLs was increased (especially that of GlRa and GlIb), and PPs were not affected. The content of GlBr decreased except for the treatment with methionine (Met,Se0.2/FA,SiE) where GlBr remained unaffected. Hence, the combination of Se with the used amino acids and surfactants can provide enhanced biofortification efficiency in broccoli by providing florets as functional foods with enhanced functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris L. Bouranis
- Plant Physiology & Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
- PlanTerra Institute for Plant Nutrition & Soil Quality, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios P. Stylianidis
- Plant Physiology & Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Manta
- Plant Physiology & Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos N. Karousis
- Plant Physiology & Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Andriani Tzanaki
- Plant Physiology & Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Emmanuel A. Bouzas
- Chemical Laboratories, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Violetta Constantinou-Kokotou
- Chemical Laboratories, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani N. Chorianopoulou
- Plant Physiology & Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
- PlanTerra Institute for Plant Nutrition & Soil Quality, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece
| | - Elke Bloem
- Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Bundesallee 58, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
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Biological Activity of Selenium and Its Impact on Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032633. [PMID: 36768955 PMCID: PMC9917223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring metalloid element essential to human and animal health in trace amounts but it is harmful in excess. Se plays a substantial role in the functioning of the human organism. It is incorporated into selenoproteins, thus supporting antioxidant defense systems. Selenoproteins participate in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, control reproductive functions and exert neuroprotective effects. Among the elements, Se has one of the narrowest ranges between dietary deficiency and toxic levels. Its level of toxicity may depend on chemical form, as inorganic and organic species have distinct biological properties. Over the last decades, optimization of population Se intake for the prevention of diseases related to Se deficiency or excess has been recognized as a pressing issue in modern healthcare worldwide. Low selenium status has been associated with an increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, cognitive decline, and thyroid dysfunction. On the other hand, Se concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels have been shown to have adverse effects on a broad spectrum of neurological functions and to increase the risk of type-2 diabetes. Comprehension of the selenium biochemical pathways under normal physiological conditions is therefore an important issue to elucidate its effect on human diseases. This review gives an overview of the role of Se in human health highlighting the effects of its deficiency and excess in the body. The biological activity of Se, mainly performed through selenoproteins, and its epigenetic effect is discussed. Moreover, a brief overview of selenium phytoremediation and rhizofiltration approaches is reported.
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Skrypnik L, Feduraev P, Golovin A, Maslennikov P, Styran T, Antipina M, Riabova A, Katserov D. The Integral Boosting Effect of Selenium on the Secondary Metabolism of Higher Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3432. [PMID: 36559543 PMCID: PMC9788459 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is a micronutrient with a wide range of functions in animals, including humans, and in microorganisms such as microalgae. However, its role in plant metabolism remains ambiguous. Recent studies of Se supplementation showed that not only does it increase the content of the element itself, but also affects the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants. The purpose of this review is to analyze and summarize the available data on the place of selenium in the secondary metabolism of plants and its effect on the accumulation of some plant metabolites (S- and N-containing secondary metabolites, terpenes, and phenolic compounds). In addition, possible molecular mechanisms and metabolic pathways underlying these effects are discussed. It should be noted that available data on the effect of Se on the accumulation of secondary metabolites are inconsistent and contradictory. According to some studies, selenium has a positive effect on the accumulation of certain metabolites, while other similar studies show a negative effect or no effect at all. The following aspects were identified as possible ways of regulating plant secondary metabolism by Se-supplementation: changes occurring in primary S/N metabolism, hormonal regulation, redox metabolism, as well as at the transcriptomic level of secondary metabolite biosynthesis. In all likelihood, the confusion in the results can be explained by other, more complex regulatory mechanisms in which selenium is involved and which affect the production of metabolites. Further study on the involvement of various forms of selenium in metabolic and signaling pathways is crucial for a deeper understanding of its role in growth, development, and health of plants, as well as the regulatory mechanisms behind them.
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Ramakrishnan M, Arivalagan J, Satish L, Mohan M, Samuel Selvan Christyraj JR, Chandran SA, Ju HJ, John L A, Ramesh T, Ignacimuthu S, Kalishwaralal K. Selenium: a potent regulator of ferroptosis and biomass production. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135531. [PMID: 35780987 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the notion that selenium (Se) plays a beneficial role in plant development for modern crop production and is considered an essential micronutrient and the predominant source of plants. However, the essential role of selenium in plant metabolism remains unclear. When used in moderate concentrations, selenium promotes plant physiological processes such as enhancing plant growth, increasing antioxidant capacity, reducing reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and offering stress resistance by preventing ferroptosis cell death. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered mechanism of regulated cell death (RCD) with unique features such as iron-dependant accumulation of lipid peroxides, is distinctly different from other known forms of cell death. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity plays a significant role in scavenging the toxic by-products of lipid peroxidation in plants. A low level of GPX activity in plants causes high oxidative stress, which leads to ferroptosis. An integrated view of ferroptosis and selenium in plants and the selenium-mediated nanofertilizers (SeNPs) have been discussed in more recent studies. For instance, selenium supplementation enhanced GPX4 expression and increased TFH cell (Follicular helper T) numbers and the gene transcriptional program, which prevent lipid peroxidase and protect cells from ferroptosis. However, though ferroptosis in plants is similar to that in animals, only few studies have focused on plant-specific ferroptosis; the research on ferroptosis in plants is still in its infancy. Understanding the implication of selenium with relevance to ferroptosis is indispensable for plant bioresource technology. In this review, we hypothesize that blocking ferroptosis cell death improves plant immunity and protects plants from abiotic and biotic stresses. We also examine how SeNPs can be the basis for emerging unconventional and advanced technologies for algae/bamboo biomass production. For instance, algae treated with SeNPs accumulate high lipid profile in algal cells that could thence be used for biodiesel production. We also suggest that further studies in the field of SeNPs are essential for the successful application of this technology for the large-scale production of plant biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China; Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jaison Arivalagan
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences and Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Lakkakula Satish
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, & The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, Marine Algal Research Station, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Mandapam 623519, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Mohan
- College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; VAXIGEN International Research Center Private Limited, India
| | - Johnson Retnaraj Samuel Selvan Christyraj
- Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sam Aldrin Chandran
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, 613 401 India
| | - Ho-Jong Ju
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Anoopa John L
- The Dale View College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Deapartment of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University,P.O.Box:173, AI-Kharaj 11942,Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Kalimuthu Kalishwaralal
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India.
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11
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Duan WX, Yang XH, Zhang HF, Feng J, Zhang MY. Chemical Structure, Hypoglycemic Activity, and Mechanism of Action of Selenium Polysaccharides. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4404-4418. [PMID: 34843085 PMCID: PMC8628488 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03035-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selenium polysaccharides (Se-polysaccharides) are one of important forms of organic Se, in which selenium (Se) and polysaccharides are joined by covalent bonds. In the present review, recent progress in chemical structure and hypoglycemic activity of Se-polysaccharides is summarized. In particular, the mechanism underlying hypoglycemic capacity of Se-polysaccharides is discussed, and the relationship between hypoglycemic activity and chemical structure is analyzed. Besides, strategies for further research into chemical structure and hypoglycemic activity of Se-polysaccharides are proposed. Hypoglycemic activity of Se-polysaccharides is closely related to their inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, influence on insulin signal pathway especially IRS-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and protection capacity against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xia Duan
- Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yang
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Feng Zhang
- Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, People's Republic of China.
- Municipal Expert Workstation for Hua-Feng Zhang, Academician and Expert Workstation in Pu'er City of Yunnan Province, Pu'er, 665600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Feng
- Agrarian and Technological Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhang
- Provincial Research Station of Se-Enriched Foods in Hanyin County of Shaanxi Province, International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Resources Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, People's Republic of China
- Municipal Expert Workstation for Hua-Feng Zhang, Academician and Expert Workstation in Pu'er City of Yunnan Province, Pu'er, 665600, People's Republic of China
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12
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Selenium Application Decreases the Enrichment and Human Exposure Risk of Cadmium in the Leaf of Jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) Planted in Uncontaminated Purple Soil. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of soil selenium (Se) application on the enrichment and human exposure risk of heavy metals in the jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) leaf have attracted extensive attention. The jute was planted with or without soil Se addition for 265 days. The jute leaf was harvested seven times during the experiment to determine the content of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and Se. The results showed that the enrichment ability ranked Cd > Se > Pb. Cd in the jute leaf exceeded the average pollutant limit in GB2762-2017 by 1.37 times without Se application. The Se application is conducive to an increase of Se by 88.11–202.79%, contrarily reducing Cd by 35.40–38.32% and Pb by 9.58–26.57%. In general, the risk quotients (HQ) of Cd and Pb were decreased and less than 1 with Se treatment. Thus, the human exposure risk of Cd and Pb is negligible when ingesting the jute leaf via diet. It is suggested that Se can be applied to inhibit the enrichment of Cd and Pb in the jute production process to reduce the potential exposure risk of Cd and Pb to the human body and increase economic and nutritional values by raising Se levels in the jute leaf.
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13
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da Silva Junior EC, de Oliveira Wadt LH, da Silva KE, de Lima RMB, Batista KD, Guedes MC, de Oliveira Junior RC, Dos Reis AR, Lopes G, Broadley MR, Young SD, Guilherme LRG. Geochemistry of selenium, barium, and iodine in representative soils of the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154426. [PMID: 35278548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Amazon rainforest is a heterogeneous ecosystem and its soils exhibit geographically variable concentrations of trace elements. In this region, anthropic activities - e.g., agriculture and mining - are numerous and varied, and even natural areas are at risk of contamination by trace elements, either of geogenic or anthropogenic origin. A reliable dataset of benchmark values for selenium (Se), barium (Ba), and iodine (I) concentrations in soils is needed for use as a reference in research and public policies in the region. In this study, 9 selected sites in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest within areas represented by Oxisols and Ultisols were assessed for relevant soil physicochemical characteristics, along with the concentrations of total Se (SeTot), total Ba (BaTot), and sequentially-extracted soluble Se (SeSol) and adsorbed Se (SeAd) in 3 different soil layers (0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm). In addition, organically bound-Se (SeOrg) and total I (ITot) concentrations in the surface layer (0-20 cm) were measured. Soil Se concentrations (SeTot) were considered safe and are likely a result of contributions of sedimentary deposits from the Andes. Available Se (SeSol + SeAd) accounted for 4.5% of SeTot, on average, while SeOrg in the topsoil accounted for more than 50% of SeTot. Barium in the western Amazon (state of Acre) and central Amazon (Anori, state of Amazonas) exceeded national prevention levels (PVs). Furthermore, the average ITot in the studied topsoils (5.4 mg kg-1) surpassed the worldwide mean. Notwithstanding, the close relationship found between the total content of the elements (Se, Ba, and I) and soil texture (clay, silt, and sand) suggests their geogenic source. Finally, our data regarding SeTot, BaTot, and ITot can be used to derive regional quality reference values for Amazon soils and also for updating prevention (PV) and investigation (IV) values established for selected elements by the Brazilian legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - André Rodrigues Dos Reis
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences and Engineering, Tupã, SP, CEP 17602-496, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lopes
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Martin R Broadley
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE125RD, UK
| | - Scott D Young
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE125RD, UK
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14
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Khan MS, Soyk A, Wolf I, Peter M, Meyer AJ, Rausch T, Wirtz M, Hell R. Discriminative Long-Distance Transport of Selenate and Selenite Triggers Glutathione Oxidation in Specific Subcellular Compartments of Root and Shoot Cells in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:894479. [PMID: 35812960 PMCID: PMC9263558 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.894479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element required for seleno-protein synthesis in many eukaryotic cells excluding higher plants. However, a substantial fraction of organically bound selenide in human nutrition is directly or indirectly derived from plants, which assimilate inorganic selenium into organic seleno-compounds. In humans, selenium deficiency is associated with several health disorders Despite its importance for human health, selenium assimilation and metabolism is barely understood in plants. Here, we analyzed the impact of the two dominant forms of soil-available selenium, selenite and selenate, on plant development and selenium partitioning in plants. We found that the reference plant Arabidopsis thaliana discriminated between selenate and selenite application. In contrast to selenite, selenate was predominantly deposited in leaves. This explicit deposition of selenate caused chlorosis and impaired plant morphology, which was not observed upon selenite application. However, only selenate triggered the accumulation of the macronutrient sulfur, the sister element of selenium in the oxygen group. To understand the oxidation state-specific toxicity mechanisms for selenium in plants, we quantified the impact of selenate and selenite on the redox environment in the plastids and the cytosol in a time-resolved manner. Surprisingly, we found that selenite first caused the oxidation of the plastid-localized glutathione pool and had a marginal impact on the redox state of the cytosolic glutathione pool, specifically in roots. In contrast, selenate application caused more vigorous oxidation of the cytosolic glutathione pool but also impaired the plastidic redox environment. In agreement with the predominant deposition in leaves, the selenate-induced oxidation of both glutathione pools was more pronounced in leaves than in roots. Our results demonstrate that Se-species dependent differences in Se partitioning substantially contribute to whole plant Se toxicity and that these Se species have subcellular compartment-specific impacts on the glutathione redox buffer that correlate with toxicity symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sayyar Khan
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Anna Soyk
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingo Wolf
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Peter
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas J. Meyer
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- INRES - Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Rausch
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Wirtz
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hell
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Kieliszek M, Bano I, Zare H. A Comprehensive Review on Selenium and Its Effects on Human Health and Distribution in Middle Eastern Countries. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:971-987. [PMID: 33884538 PMCID: PMC8761138 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important microelement with numerous positive effects on human health and diseases. It is important to specify that the status and consumption of Se are for a specific community as the levels of Se are extremely unpredictable between different populations and regions. Our existing paper was based on the impacts of Se on human health and disease along with data on the Se levels in Middle Eastern countries. Overall, the findings of this comprehensive review show that the consumption and levels of Se are inadequate in Middle Eastern nations. Such findings, together with the growing awareness of the importance of Se to general health, require further work primarily on creating an acceptable range of blood Se concentration or other measures to determine optimal Se consumption and, consequently, to guarantee adequate Se supplementation in populations at high risk of low Se intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iqra Bano
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences Sakrand, Sindh, 67210 Pakistan
| | - Hamed Zare
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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16
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Seregina II, Trukhachev VI, Belopukhov SL, Vigilianskii IM, Dmitrevskaia II. Yield and quality of Dega white lupine grain (Lupinus Albus) and yubileynaya 80 spring wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) depending on the application method of sodium selenite. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e264216. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.264216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract In 2017-2019, we conducted the field and vegetation experiments at the field station of Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy to study the effect of sodium selenite on the yield and grain quality indicators of white lupine, Dega variety, and spring wheat, Yubileynaya-80 variety. The best way found to use selenium is to spray vegetative plants with 0.01% aqueous sodium selenite solution. The studies have shown an increase in grain yield by 15-17%, crude protein content by 9-15% and crude fat content by 5-7% when treated with sodium selenite. The obtained grain yield of white lupine has a higher feed and nutritional value and is suitable for feeding animals and preparing various types of feed and feed additives. The optimal way to use selenium is spraying vegetative plants before shooting. Treatment with sodium selenite contributes to an increase in wheat yield by 1.5 times. We have established the positive effect of sodium selenite on the quality indicators of wheat grain. An increase in the content of raw gluten and glassiness of grain has been noted, which determines high bread-making qualities.
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17
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Minich WB. Selenium Metabolism and Biosynthesis of Selenoproteins in the Human Body. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:S168-S102. [PMID: 35501994 PMCID: PMC8802287 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922140139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As an essential trace element, selenium (Se) plays a tremendous role in the functioning of the human organism being used for the biosynthesis of selenoproteins (proteins containing one or several selenocysteine residues). The functions of human selenoproteins in vivo are extremely diverse. Many selenoproteins have an antioxidant activity and, hence, play a key role in cell antioxidant defense and maintenance of redox homeostasis, which accounts for their involvement in diverse biological processes, such as signal transduction, proliferation, cell transformation and aging, ferroptosis, immune system functioning, etc. One of the critical functions of selenoenzymes is participation in the synthesis of thyroid hormones regulating basal metabolism in all body tissues. Over the last decades, optimization of population Se intake for prevention of diseases related to Se deficiency or excess has been recognized as a pressing issue in modern healthcare worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar B Minich
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Charite, Medical University, Berlin, D-10115, Germany.
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18
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Skrypnik L, Styran T, Savina T, Golubkina N. Effect of Selenium Application and Growth Stage at Harvest on Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Antioxidants in Lamb's Lettuce ( Valerianella locusta L. Laterr.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122733. [PMID: 34961204 PMCID: PMC8706042 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lamb's lettuce (Valerianella locusta L. Laterr.) is a leafy green vegetable that is rich in various biological active compounds and is widely used in ready-to-eat salads. The cultivation conditions and growth stage could affect the secondary metabolism in plants and thereby modify their food value. In the present study, the effect of selenium (Se) application in various concentrations (5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 µM) on the contents of Se, phenolic compounds, vitamin C, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and antioxidant activity of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts of lamb's lettuce harvested at three growth stages (38, 52, and 66 days after sowing (DAS)) was studied. Se application significantly increased the Se concentration in the shoots (up to 124.4 μg g-1 dry weight), as well as the contents of chlorogenic acid, total flavonoids, total phenolics, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll b, and the antioxidant activity of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts. A higher content of phenolic compounds and higher antioxidant activity of hydrophilic extracts was observed at the first growth stage (38 DAS). On the contrary, higher contents of lipophilic compounds (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, lutein, β-carotene) and higher antioxidant activity of lipophilic extracts were found for shoots harvested at later stages (52 and 66 DAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov Skrypnik
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236040 Kaliningrad, Russia; (T.S.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatiana Styran
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236040 Kaliningrad, Russia; (T.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Tamara Savina
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236040 Kaliningrad, Russia; (T.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Nadezhda Golubkina
- Analytical Laboratory Department, Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, 143072 Moscow, Russia;
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19
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Gentil E, de Medeiros LA, Vogt RC, Barnett AA. Biology of the Big-headed Amazon River Turtle, Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Schweigger, 1812) (Testudines, Pleurodira): the basal extant Podocnemididae species. HERPETOZOA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.34.e67807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the extent and nature of scientific knowledge of the Big-headed Amazon River Turtle, Peltocephalus dumerilianus, covering distribution, morphology, taxonomy, diet, behaviour, reproduction, and ecology. We discuss the phylogenetic position of the species and its evolutionary relationships with the other podocnemidids, comparing morphological, karyological and molecular information. Also, we describe the importance of this species and its relationship with traditional Amazonian communities, including capture techniques, uses, beliefs and taboos. Finally, we comment on the conservation status of the species and the urgent need for additional studies. Besides discussing and reinterpreting published data, we provide new information from recent genetic studies, field activities and captive observations.
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20
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Golubkina N, Moldovan A, Kekina H, Kharchenko V, Sekara A, Vasileva V, Skrypnik L, Tallarita A, Caruso G. Joint Biofortification of Plants with Selenium and Iodine: New Field of Discoveries. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1352. [PMID: 34371555 PMCID: PMC8309223 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The essentiality of selenium (Se) and iodine (I) to human beings and the widespread areas of selenium and iodine deficiency determine the high significance of functional food production with high levels of these elements. In this respect, joint biofortification of agricultural crops with Se and I is especially attractive. Nevertheless, in practice this topic has raised many problems connected with the possible utilization of many Se and I chemical forms, different doses and biofortification methods, and the existence of wide species and varietal differences. The limited reports relevant to this subject and the multiplicity of unsolved questions urge the need for an adequate evaluation of the results obtained up-to-date, useful for developing further future investigations. The present review discusses the outcome of joint plant Se-I biofortification, as well as factors affecting Se and I accumulation in plants, paying special attention to unsolved issues. A particular focus has been given to the prospects of herb sprouts production enriched with Se and I, as well as the interactions between the latter microelements and arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Golubkina
- Laboratory Analytical Department, Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Moscow 143072, Russia; (A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Anastasia Moldovan
- Laboratory Analytical Department, Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Moscow 143072, Russia; (A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Helene Kekina
- Medical Academy of Post Graduate Education, Moscow 123995, Russia;
| | - Victor Kharchenko
- Laboratory Analytical Department, Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Moscow 143072, Russia; (A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Sekara
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Viliana Vasileva
- Institute of Forage Crops, 89 General Vladimir Vazov Str, 5802 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | - Liubov Skrypnik
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236040, Russia;
| | - Alessio Tallarita
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy; (A.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Caruso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy; (A.T.); (G.C.)
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21
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Favorito JE, Grossl PR, Davis TZ, Eick MJ, Hankes N. Soil-plant-animal relationships and geochemistry of selenium in the Western Phosphate Resource Area (United States): A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128959. [PMID: 33279237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
While naturally found in trace quantities, several regions throughout the world have been designated as "seleniferous" or containing an overabundance of the trace element, selenium (Se), in soil. In particular, portions of the Western Phosphate Resource Area (WPRA) of the United States are considered seleniferous, notably due to past phosphate mining reclamation practices that have promoted Se release and accumulation in soil from weathering overburden waste rock. Concern over Se soil contamination in this region has been attributed to its high levels (ranging from 2.7 to 435 mg Se kg-1 soil), bioavailability, and subsequent hyperaccumulation in vegetation at toxic concentrations (exceeding 10,000 mg Se kg-1 plant tissue). The Se hyperaccumulator, western aster (Symphyotrichum ascendens (Lindl.)), is responsible for the vast majority of acute selenium livestock poisonings and fatalities throughout the region. This inherent bioavailability is largely controlled by soil redox chemistry and sorptive processes. The purpose of this review is to integrate information related to the unique site history of the WPRA from onset mining to current Se problems. This review will provide current details and connection of WPRA mining geology, soil Se geochemistry, plant hyperaccumulation, and related livestock fatalities. Soil remediation strategies will also be discussed along with their applicability and viability in this particular anthropogenically-influenced seleniferous region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Favorito
- Environmental Science Program, 101 Vera King Farris Dr., Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, 08205, USA.
| | - Paul R Grossl
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, 4820 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
| | - Thomas Zane Davis
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, UT, 84341, USA.
| | - Matthew J Eick
- Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, 185 Ag Quad Ln, 237 Smyth Hall, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Nathan Hankes
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, 4820 Old Main Hill, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
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Abdalla MA, Sulieman S, Mühling KH. Regulation of Selenium/Sulfur Interactions to Enhance Chemopreventive Effects: Lessons to Learn from Brassicaceae. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245846. [PMID: 33322081 PMCID: PMC7763292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element, which represents an integral part of glutathione peroxidase and other selenoproteins involved in the protection of cells against oxidative damage. Selenomethionine (SeMet), selenocysteine (SeCys), and methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) are the forms of Se that occur in living systems. Se-containing compounds have been found to reduce carcinogenesis of animal models, and dietary supplemental Se might decrease cancer risk. Se is mainly taken up by plant roots in the form of selenate via high-affinity sulfate transporters. Consequently, owing to the chemical similarity between Se and sulfur (S), the availability of S plays a key role in Se accumulation owing to competition effects in absorption, translocation, and assimilation. Moreover, naturally occurring S-containing compounds have proven to exhibit anticancer potential, in addition to other bioactivities. Therefore, it is important to understand the interaction between Se and S, which depends on Se/S ratio in the plant or/and in the growth medium. Brassicaceae (also known as cabbage or mustard family) is an important family of flowering plants that are grown worldwide and have a vital role in agriculture and populations’ health. In this review we discuss the distribution and further interactions between S and Se in Brassicaceae and provide several examples of Se or Se/S biofortifications’ experiments in brassica vegetables that induced the chemopreventive effects of these crops by enhancing the production of Se- or/and S-containing natural compounds. Extensive further research is required to understand Se/S uptake, translocation, and assimilation and to investigate their potential role in producing anticancer drugs.
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Manara A, Fasani E, Furini A, DalCorso G. Evolution of the metal hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance traits. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2969-2986. [PMID: 32520430 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To succeed in life, living organisms have to adapt to the environmental issues to which they are subjected. Some plants, defined as hyperaccumulators, have adapted to metalliferous environments, acquiring the ability to tolerate and accommodate high amounts of toxic metal into their shoot, without showing symptoms of toxicity. The determinants for these traits and their mode of action have long been the subject of research, whose attention lately moved to the evolution of the hypertolerance and hyperaccumulation traits. Genetic evidence indicates that the evolution of both traits includes significant evolutionary events that result in species-wide tolerant and accumulating backgrounds. Different edaphic environments are responsible for subsequent refinement, by local adaptive processes, leading to specific strategies and various degrees of hypertolerance and hyperaccumulation, which characterize metallicolous from non-metallicolous ecotypes belonging to the same genetic unit. In this review, we overview the most updated concepts regarding the evolution of hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance, highlighting also the ecological context concerning the plant populations displaying this fascinating phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Manara
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Fasani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Santiago FEM, Silva MLS, Cardoso AAS, Duan Y, Guilherme LRG, Liu J, Li L. Biochemical basis of differential selenium tolerance in arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:328-338. [PMID: 33186850 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) biofortification in crops provides a valuable strategy to enhance human Se intake. However, crops vary greatly with their capacity in tolerating and metabolizing/accumulating Se, and the basis underlying such variations remains to be fully understood. Here, we compared the effects of Se and its analog S treatments on plant growth and biochemical responses between a Se accumulator (arugula) and a non-accumulator (lettuce). Arugula exhibited an increased biomass production in comparison with untreated controls at a higher selenate concentration than lettuce (20 μM vs. 10 μM Na2SeO4), showing better tolerance to Se. Arugula accumulated 3-folds more Se and S than lettuce plants under the same treatments. However, the Se/S assimilation as assessed by ATP sulfurylase and O-acetylserine (thiol)lyase activities was comparable between arugula and lettuce plants. Approximately 4-fold higher levels of Se in proteins under the same doses of Se treatments were observed in arugula than in lettuce, indicating that Se accumulators have better tolerance to selenoamino acids in proteins. Noticeably, arugula showed 6-fold higher ascorbate peroxidase activity and produced over 5-fold more glutathione and non-protein thiols than lettuce plants, which suggest critical roles of antioxidants in Se tolerance. Taken together, our results show that the elevated Se tolerance of arugula compared to lettuce is most likely due to an efficient antioxidant defense system. This study provides further insights into our understanding of the difference in tolerating and metabolizing/accumulating Se between Se accumulators and non-accumulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin E M Santiago
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, PO Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Maria L S Silva
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, PO Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Arnon A S Cardoso
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, PO Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Yongbo Duan
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Luiz R G Guilherme
- Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, PO Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Jiping Liu
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Li Li
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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25
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Selenium and Nano-Selenium Biofortification for Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges. SOIL SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems4030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for the health of humans and lower plants, but its importance for higher plants is still being investigated. The biological functions of Se related to human health revolve around its presence in 25 known selenoproteins (e.g., selenocysteine or the 21st amino acid). Humans may receive their required Se through plant uptake of soil Se, foods enriched in Se, or Se dietary supplements. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been applied to biofortified foods and feeds. Due to low toxicity and high efficiency, Se-NPs are used in applications such as cancer therapy and nano-medicines. Selenium and nano-selenium may be able to support and enhance the productivity of cultivated plants and animals under stressful conditions because they are antimicrobial and anti-carcinogenic agents, with antioxidant capacity and immune-modulatory efficacy. Thus, nano-selenium could be inserted in the feeds of fish and livestock to improvise stress resilience and productivity. This review offers new insights in Se and Se-NPs biofortification for edible plants and farm animals under stressful environments. Further, extensive research on Se-NPs is required to identify possible adverse effects on humans and their cytotoxicity.
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Kieliszek M, Bierla K, Jiménez-Lamana J, Kot AM, Alcántara-Durán J, Piwowarek K, Błażejak S, Szpunar J. Metabolic Response of the Yeast Candida utilis During Enrichment in Selenium. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155287. [PMID: 32722488 PMCID: PMC7432028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) was found to inhibit the growth of the yeast Candida utilis ATCC 9950. Cells cultured in 30 mg selenite/L supplemented medium could bind 1368 µg Se/g of dry weight in their structures. Increased accumulation of trehalose and glycogen was observed, which indicated cell response to stress conditions. The activity of antioxidative enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, and glutathione S-transferase) was significantly higher than that of the control without Se addition. Most Se was bound to water-insoluble protein fraction; in addition, the yeast produced 20–30 nm Se nanoparticles (SeNPs). Part of Se was metabolized to selenomethionine (10%) and selenocysteine (20%). The HPLC-ESI-Orbitrap MS analysis showed the presence of five Se compounds combined with glutathione in the yeast. The obtained results form the basis for further research on the mechanisms of Se metabolism in yeast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.K.); (K.P.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Bierla
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, IPREM, UMR 5254, CNRS-UPPA, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64053 Pau, France; (K.B.); (J.J.-L.)
| | - Javier Jiménez-Lamana
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, IPREM, UMR 5254, CNRS-UPPA, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64053 Pau, France; (K.B.); (J.J.-L.)
| | - Anna Maria Kot
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.K.); (K.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Jaime Alcántara-Durán
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain;
| | - Kamil Piwowarek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.K.); (K.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Stanisław Błażejak
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.K.); (K.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, IPREM, UMR 5254, CNRS-UPPA, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64053 Pau, France; (K.B.); (J.J.-L.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (J.S.)
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27
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Xu W, Xiang P, Liu X, Ma LQ. Closely-related species of hyperaccumulating plants and their ability in accumulation of As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126334. [PMID: 32169705 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination by heavy metals is widespread. Heavy metals of concern include As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Hyperaccumulating plants are efficient in accumulating metals, which have potential to remediate metal-contaminated soils. Species of closely-related hyperaccumulating plants have been used to screen their ability in metal accumulation. However, there is limited evidence to show that closely-related plant species have similar ability in metal accumulation. Using a global database of 664 hyperaccumulating plants, we constructed a phylogeny of hyperaccumulating plants of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. We evaluated the phylogenetic randomness of plants hyperaccumulating different metals by comparing the minimum number of trait-state changes across the phylogenetic tree to a null model. Based on the D value, we evaluated whether closely-related plants tend to accumulate similar metals. Based on the Blomberg's K and Pagel's λ, we tested whether closely-related plants have similar ability in metal accumulation. Excluding Cd and Pb, closely-related plant species tend to accumulate similar metal, however, its ability cannot be predicted based on phylogenetic relations except Ni. Therefore, we concluded that focusing on species of closely-related hyperaccumulating plants can help to screen new hyperaccumulators although their ability could be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wumei Xu
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China; School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China.
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China.
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28
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Nemat H, Shah AA, Akram W, Ramzan M, Yasin NA. Ameliorative effect of co-application of Bradyrhizobium japonicum EI09 and Se to mitigate chromium stress in Capsicum annum L. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1396-1407. [PMID: 32608249 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1780412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to explore the potential of Bradyrhizobium japonicum EI09 (EI09) and selenium (Se) alone or in combination to mitigate hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) stress in Capsicum annum L. Chromium stressed plants exhibited significant reduction in biomass, chlorophyll content and gas exchange characteristics. The inoculated seedlings subjected to Cr6+stress showed improvement in growth, proline content, gas exchange attributes and total soluble proteins. Likewise, inoculated C. annum seedlings exhibited augmented activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) under Cr6+ stress. The Cr6+ stress mitigation in inoculated seedlings was ascribed to reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) besides increase activity of flavonoids, proline, phenolic content along with modulation of antioxidative enzymes. The growth-enhancing attributes of bacteria such as indole acetic acid (IAA) content and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD) activity enhanced growth in Cr6+-stressed plants. Moreover, co-treatment of EI09 and 5 µM Se effectively mitigated Cr (VI) stress in C. annum plants. Current studies provide a novel insight into potential of B. japonicum EI09 and Se in reduction of Cr6+ toxicity in C. annum plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Nemat
- Department of Botany, University of the Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of the Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Akram
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musarrat Ramzan
- Department of Botany, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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29
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Joint Selenium-Iodine Supply and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Affect Yield and Quality of Chickpea Seeds and Residual Biomass. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070804. [PMID: 32604987 PMCID: PMC7412542 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The essentiality of selenium (Se) and iodine (I) for the human organism and the relationship between these two trace elements in mammal metabolism highlight the importance of the joint Se–I biofortification to vegetable crops in the frame of sustainable farming management. A research study was carried out in southern Italy to determine the effects of the combined inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biofortification with Se and I on plant growth, seed yield, quality, and antioxidant and elemental status, as well as residual biomass chemical composition of chickpea grown in two different planting times (14 January and 28 February). The AMF application improved the intensity of I and Se accumulation both in single and joint supply of these elements, resulting in higher seed yield and number as well as dry weight, and was also beneficial for increasing the content of antioxidants, protein, and macro- and microelements. Earlier planting time resulted in higher values of seed yield, as well as Se, I, N, P, Ca, protein, and antioxidant levels. Se and I showed a synergistic effect, stimulating the accumulation of each other in chickpea seeds. The AMF inoculation elicited a higher protein and cellulose synthesis, as well as glucose production in the residual biomass, compared to the single iodine application and the untreated control. From the present research, it can be inferred that the plant biostimulation through the soil inoculation with AMF and the biofortification with Se and I, applied singly or jointly, proved to be effective sustainable farming tools for improving the chickpea seed yield and/or quality, as well as the residual biomass chemical composition for energy production or beneficial metabolite extraction.
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30
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Yield, Growth, Quality, Biochemical Characteristics and Elemental Composition of Plant Parts of Celery Leafy, Stalk and Root Types Grown in the Northern Hemisphere. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040484. [PMID: 32283805 PMCID: PMC7238048 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Celery is one of the major nutraceutical vegetable species due to the high dietary and medicinal properties of all of its plant parts. Yield, growth and produce quality of six celery genotypes belonging to leafy (Elixir and Samurai), stalk (Atlant and Primus) or root (Egor and Dobrynya) types, as well as the distribution of biomass, sugars, mineral elements and antioxidants among the different plant parts, were assessed. Within the celery root type, cultivar Dobrynya resulted in higher yield than Egor, whereas the genotype did not significantly affect the marketable plant part production of leafy and stalk types. Leaf/petiole ratios relevant to biomass, total dissolved solids, sugars, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and ash, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Se content were significantly affected by the celery type examined. Ash content was highest in the leaves and lowest in the roots. Celery antioxidant system was characterized by highly significant relationships between ascorbic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and Zn. Among the celery types analyzed, the highest values of chlorophyll, Fe and Mn content as well as antioxidant activity were recorded in leaves from root genotypes, which suggests interesting nutraceutical prospects of the aforementioned plant parts for human utilization.
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Golubkina N, Krivenkov L, Sekara A, Vasileva V, Tallarita A, Caruso G. Prospects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Utilization in Production of Allium Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E279. [PMID: 32098151 PMCID: PMC7076476 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The need to improve crop yield and quality, decrease the level of mineral fertilizers and pesticides/herbicides supply, and increase plants' immunity are important topics of agriculture in the 21st century. In this respect, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may be considered as a crucial tool in the development of a modern environmentally friendly agriculture. The efficiency of AMF application is connected to genetic peculiarities of plant and AMF species, soil characteristics and environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stresses, temperature, and precipitation. Among vegetable crops, Allium species are particularly reactive to soil mycorrhiza, due to their less expanded root apparatus surface compared to most other species. Moreover, Allium crops are economically important and able to synthesize powerful anti-carcinogen compounds, such as selenomethyl selenocysteine and gamma-glutamyl selenomethyl selenocysteine, which highlights the importance of the present detailed discussion about the AMF use prospects to enhance Allium plant growth and development. This review reports the available information describing the AMF effects on the seasonal, inter-, and intra-species variations of yield, biochemical characteristics, and mineral composition of Allium species, with a special focus on the selenium accumulation both in ordinary conditions and under selenium supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Golubkina
- Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Selectsionnaya 14 VNIISSOK, 143072 Moscow, Odintsovo, Russia;
| | - Leonid Krivenkov
- Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Selectsionnaya 14 VNIISSOK, 143072 Moscow, Odintsovo, Russia;
| | - Agnieszka Sekara
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, University of Agriculture, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Viliana Vasileva
- Institute of Forage Crops, 89 General Vladimir Vazov Str, 5802 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | - Alessio Tallarita
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy; (A.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Caruso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy; (A.T.); (G.C.)
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32
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Corlett RT, Tomlinson KW. Climate Change and Edaphic Specialists: Irresistible Force Meets Immovable Object? Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:367-376. [PMID: 31959419 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Species exposed to anthropogenic climate change can acclimate, adapt, move, or be extirpated. It is often assumed that movement will be the dominant response, with populations tracking their climate envelopes in space, but the numerous species restricted to specialized substrates cannot easily move. In warmer regions of the world, such edaphic specialists appear to have accumulated in situ over millions of years, persisting despite climate change by local movements, plastic responses, and genetic adaptation. However, past climates were usually cooler than today and rates of warming slower, while edaphic islands are now exposed to multiple additional threats, including mining. Modeling studies that ignore edaphic constraints on climate change responses may therefore give misleading results for a significant proportion of all taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard T Corlett
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China.
| | - Kyle W Tomlinson
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
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33
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Golubkina N, Amagova Z, Matsadze V, Zamana S, Tallarita A, Caruso G. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Yield, Biochemical Characteristics, and Elemental Composition of Garlic and Onion under Selenium Supply. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E84. [PMID: 31936528 PMCID: PMC7020493 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biofortification of garlic and onion plants with selenium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation are considered beneficial for producing functional food with anticarcinogenic properties. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation, sodium selenate foliar application, and the combination AMF + selenium (Se), compared to an untreated control, were assessed regarding the bulb yield, biochemical characteristics, and mineral composition. AMF + Se application resulted in the highest yield, monosaccharides, and Se content in both garlic and onion bulbs; and an increase of ascorbic acid and flavonoids in onion, and flavonoids in garlic. The highest bulb concentrations of P and K were recorded under the AMF + Se application, Ca was best affected by AMF, and Mg accumulation was highest under all the treatments in garlic and upon AMF + Se application in onion bulbs. Contrary to garlic, onion bulbs were characterized by a remarkable increase in microelements (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Si, Zn) under the AMF + Se treatment. Selenium, either with or without AMF application, promoted the accumulation of B and Si in onion and Mo and Zn in garlic bulbs. It can be inferred that the interaction between AMF and Se is highly specific, differing for garlic and onion grown in similar environmental conditions in Grozny region, Chechen Republic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Golubkina
- Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Selectsionnaya str. 14, VNIISSOK, Odintsovo District, Moscow 143072, Russia
| | - Zarema Amagova
- Chechen Scientific Institute of Agriculture, Lenina 1, Grozny 366021, Grozny Region, Chechen Republic, Russia; (Z.A.); (V.M.)
| | - Visita Matsadze
- Chechen Scientific Institute of Agriculture, Lenina 1, Grozny 366021, Grozny Region, Chechen Republic, Russia; (Z.A.); (V.M.)
| | - Svetlana Zamana
- Department of Agriculture and Crop Production, State University of Land Management, Kazakova str. 15, Moscow 105064, Russia;
| | - Alessio Tallarita
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy; (A.T.); ; (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Caruso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy; (A.T.); ; (G.C.)
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34
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Schiavon M, Nardi S, dalla Vecchia F, Ertani A. Selenium biofortification in the 21 st century: status and challenges for healthy human nutrition. PLANT AND SOIL 2020; 453:245-270. [PMID: 32836404 PMCID: PMC7363690 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-020-04635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) is an essential element for mammals and its deficiency in the diet is a global problem. Plants accumulate Se and thus represent a major source of Se to consumers. Agronomic biofortification intends to enrich crops with Se in order to secure its adequate supply by people. SCOPE The goal of this review is to report the present knowledge of the distribution and processes of Se in soil and at the plant-soil interface, and of Se behaviour inside the plant in terms of biofortification. It aims to unravel the Se metabolic pathways that affect the nutritional value of edible plant products, various Se biofortification strategies in challenging environments, as well as the impact of Se-enriched food on human health. CONCLUSIONS Agronomic biofortification and breeding are prevalent strategies for battling Se deficiency. Future research addresses nanosized Se biofortification, crop enrichment with multiple micronutrients, microbial-integrated agronomic biofortification, and optimization of Se biofortification in adverse conditions. Biofortified food of superior nutritional quality may be created, enriched with healthy Se-compounds, as well as several other valuable phytochemicals. Whether such a food source might be used as nutritional intervention for recently emerged coronavirus infections is a relevant question that deserves investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Schiavon
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente (DAFNAE), Università di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
| | - Serenella Nardi
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente (DAFNAE), Università di Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD Italy
| | | | - Andrea Ertani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Università di Torino, Via Leonardo da Vinci, 44, 10095 Grugliasco, TO Italy
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