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Chan AML, Ng AMH, Yunus MHM, Idrus RH, Law JX, Yazid MD, Chin KY, Yusof MRM, Ng SN, Koh B, Lokanathan Y. Single high-dose intravenous injection of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell exerts protective effects in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:160. [PMID: 38835014 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant epidemiological problem worldwide. It is a pre-morbid, chronic and low-grade inflammatory disorder that precedes many chronic diseases. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) could be used to treat MetS because they express high regenerative capacity, strong immunomodulatory properties and allogeneic biocompatibility. This study aims to investigate WJ-MSCs as a therapy against MetS in a rat model. METHODS Twenty-four animals were fed with high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet ad libitum. After 16 weeks, the animals were randomised into treatment groups (n = 8/group) and received a single intravenous administration of vehicle, that is, 3 × 106 cells/kg or 10 × 106 cells/kg of WJ-MSCs. A healthy animal group (n = 6) fed with a normal diet received the same vehicle as the control (CTRL). All animals were periodically assessed (every 4 weeks) for physical measurements, serum biochemistry, glucose tolerance test, cardiovascular function test and whole-body composition. Post-euthanasia, organs were weighed and processed for histopathology. Serum was collected for C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokine assay. RESULTS The results between HFHF-treated groups and healthy or HFHF-CTRL did not achieve statistical significance (α = 0.05). The effects of WJ-MSCs were masked by the manifestation of different disease subclusters and continuous supplementation of HFHF diet. Based on secondary analysis, WJ-MSCs had major implications in improving cardiopulmonary morbidities. The lungs, liver and heart show significantly better histopathology in the WJ-MSC-treated groups than in the untreated CTRL group. The cells produced a dose-dependent effect (high dose lasted until week 8) in preventing further metabolic decay in MetS animals. CONCLUSIONS The establishment of safety and therapeutic proof-of-concept encourages further studies by improving the current therapeutic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Man Lung Chan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Ming Medical Sdn Bhd, D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1a/46, 47301, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Angela Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Heikal Mohd Yunus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruszymah Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rafizul Mohd Yusof
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - See Nguan Ng
- Ming Medical Sdn Bhd, D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1a/46, 47301, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Benson Koh
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Szűcs D, Monostori T, Miklós V, Páhi ZG, Póliska S, Kemény L, Veréb Z. Licensing effects of inflammatory factors and TLR ligands on the regenerative capacity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1367242. [PMID: 38606318 PMCID: PMC11007080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1367242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells are promising contributors to regenerative medicine, exhibiting the ability to regenerate tissues and modulate the immune system, which is particularly beneficial for addressing chronic inflammatory ulcers and wounds. Despite their inherent capabilities, research suggests that pretreatment amplifies therapeutic effectiveness. Methods: Our experimental design exposed adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to six inflammatory factors for 24 h. We subsequently evaluated gene expression and proteome profile alterations and observed the wound closure rate post-treatment. Results: Specific pretreatments, such as IL-1β, notably demonstrated an accelerated wound-healing process. Analysis of gene and protein expression profiles revealed alterations in pathways associated with tissue regeneration. Discussion: This suggests that licensed cells exhibit potentially higher therapeutic efficiency than untreated cells, shedding light on optimizing regenerative strategies using adipose tissue-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diána Szűcs
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Monostori
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán G. Páhi
- Genome Integrity and DNA Repair Core Group, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine-USz Skin Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Veréb
- Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Biobank, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Hu W, Zhao J, Hu Y, Song S, Chen X, Sun Y. Huangqi Jiuni decoction prevents acute kidney injury induced by severe burns by inhibiting activation of the TNF/NF-κB pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117344. [PMID: 37949330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangqi Jiuni decoction (HQJND) is a prescription for the treatment of severe burns provided based on traditional Chinese and Western medicine, which is created by the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. It consists of 12 herbs and has been used clinically for decades. It has greatly shortened the course of the disease, but the mechanism by which HQJND treats the disease still remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Hence, the objective of this investigation was to utilize modern pharmacological tools to demonstrate the efficacy and mechanism of HQJND in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by severe burns. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the chemical constituents in HQJND were first examined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Then, by using network pharmacology, we screened the targets of drug and disease action, and predicted the signaling pathways acting in the course of drug treatment of disease. Finally, we attempted to verify the efficacy of the drug and explored its therapeutic mechanism after the establishment of an animal model, herbal gavage treatment, collection of rat kidneys and serum for renal function, quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), Western Blotting (WB), Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS The 14 important active ingredients in HQJND was analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, while network pharmacology screening was performed to identify 353 disease-associated marker genes and 286 drug targets, finally identifying the TNF/NF-κB (tumor necrosis factor/nuclear factor kappa-B) signaling site: the key pathway of burn-induced acute kidney injury when HQJND intervened. The serum renal function and histopathology of rats demonstrated that the use of HQJND significantly improved the renal function in severe burns. RT-qPCR and WB confirmed that the TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway was activated in the Model group of rats, and HQJND could curb the signaling pathway because it moderated the expressions of key proteins in the process. CONCLUSION Based on modern pharmacology, we explored an effective herbal preparation to ameliorate the impairment of renal function after severe burns, which is most likely to function through the TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxuan Hu
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China; Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 80, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Department of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Anhui Medical University, No. 80, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, PR China
| | - Xulin Chen
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China
| | - Yexiang Sun
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, PR China.
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Alternatives to Antibiotics against Mycobacterium abscessus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101322. [PMID: 36289979 PMCID: PMC9598287 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus complex is extremely difficult to treat. Intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance makes this species one of the most challenging pathogens and treatments last from months to years, associated with potential risky antibiotic toxicity and a high number of failures. Nonantibiotic antimicrobial agents against this microorganism have recently been studied so as to offer an alternative to current drugs. This review summarizes recent research on different strategies such as host modulation using stem cells, photodynamic therapy, antibiofilm therapy, phage therapy, nanoparticles, vaccines and antimicrobial peptides against M. abscessus both in vitro and in vivo.
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Tan MI, Alfarafisa NM, Septiani P, Barlian A, Firmansyah M, Faizal A, Melani L, Nugrahapraja H. Potential Cell-Based and Cell-Free Therapy for Patients with COVID-19. Cells 2022; 11:2319. [PMID: 35954162 PMCID: PMC9367488 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since it was first reported, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains an unresolved puzzle for biomedical researchers in different fields. Various treatments, drugs, and interventions were explored as treatments for COVID. Nevertheless, there are no standard and effective therapeutic measures. Meanwhile, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy offers a new approach with minimal side effects. MSCs and MSC-based products possess several biological properties that potentially alleviate COVID-19 symptoms. Generally, there are three classifications of stem cell therapy: cell-based therapy, tissue engineering, and cell-free therapy. This review discusses the MSC-based and cell-free therapies for patients with COVID-19, their potential mechanisms of action, and clinical trials related to these therapies. Cell-based therapies involve the direct use and injection of MSCs into the target tissue or organ. On the other hand, cell-free therapy uses secreted products from cells as the primary material. Cell-free therapy materials can comprise cell secretomes and extracellular vesicles. Each therapeutic approach possesses different benefits and various risks. A better understanding of MSC-based and cell-free therapies is essential for supporting the development of safe and effective COVID-19 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marselina Irasonia Tan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Nayla Majeda Alfarafisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Popi Septiani
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Anggraini Barlian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Mochamad Firmansyah
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Ahmad Faizal
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Lili Melani
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
| | - Husna Nugrahapraja
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; (P.S.); (A.B.); (M.F.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (H.N.)
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Eldaly AS, Mashaly SM, Fouda E, Emam OS, Aglan A, Abuasbeh J, Khurana A, Hamdar H, Fath AR. Systemic anti-inflammatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells in burn: A systematic review of animal studies. J Clin Transl Res 2022; 8:276-291. [PMID: 35991083 PMCID: PMC9389574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the advances in burn care, severe burns still impose significant morbidity and mortality. Severe burns are associated with an inflammatory response that ranges from alterations in vital signs to shock, multiorgan failure, and death. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, MSCs were investigated for their potential benefits in modulating burn-induced inflammation and organ damage in several studies. Aim We have conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the efficacy of MSCs in modulating burn-induced systemic inflammation and organ damage in animal models. Methods Four databases were searched: PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and Web of Science. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis as our basis of organization. Results Eight studies were included in the study. Bone marrow derived MSCs, umbilical cord derived MSCs (UC-MSCs), and UC-MSCs exosomes were used to modulate the burn-induced inflammation. MSCs therapy reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improved renal function, inhibited tissue damage, and improved survival after burn. Furthermore, MSCs reversed all the burn-induced pathological changes in blood brain barrier (BBB). Conclusion MSCs may attenuate the burn-induced inflammation by decreasing serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. However, the effect on anti-inflammatory cytokines is conflicting and mandates more substantial evidence. Furthermore, MSCs reduce tissue inflammation, tissue damage, and apoptosis in the lungs and kidneys. In addition, MSCs reversed the burn-induced pathophysiologic changes in the BBB. The underlying mechanisms of these effects are poorly understood and should be the focus of future stem cell research. Relevance to Patients Severe burn patients are liable to systemic inflammation due to the release of inflammatory cytokines into the circulation. This inflammatory response has a broad spectrum of severity that ranges from alterations in vital signs to multiorgan failure and death. Despite the advances in burn care, burn-induced inflammation still imposes significant morbidity and mortality. This systematic review evaluates the potential benefits of stem cells in modulating burn-induced systemic inflammation in animal burn models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S. Eldaly
- 1Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida,Corresponding author: Abdullah S. Eldaly, Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, Florida. Tel.: +1 904-597-4771
| | - Sarah M. Mashaly
- 2Department of Dermatology, El-Menshawy General Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eslam Fouda
- 3Division of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Omar S. Emam
- 1Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Amro Aglan
- 4Department of Internal Medicine, Lahey Clinic Beth Israel, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jumanah Abuasbeh
- 5Department of Public Health, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Aditya Khurana
- 6Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University Health Education Alliance, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Hiba Hamdar
- 7Department of Emergency Medicine, Notre Dame Maritime Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Ayman R. Fath
- 6Department of Internal Medicine, Creighton University Health Education Alliance, Phoenix, Arizona
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Yu Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Wang J, Chai J. Effect of blended protein nutritional support on reducing burn-induced inflammation and organ injury. Nutr Res Pract 2022; 16:589-603. [PMID: 36238375 PMCID: PMC9523203 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.5.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Yu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiake Chai
- Burn Institute, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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Erythropoietin improves effects of mesenchymal stem cells in an experimental model of sepsis. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА 2021. [DOI: 10.17816/clinpract83687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years several studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to reduce the systemic inflammatory response and mortality in experimental models of sepsis. As recently found, the surface of MSCs have receptors for erythropoietin (EPO). So we hypothesized that the introduction of EPO together with MSCs may enhance their effect and improve the results of sepsis treatment.
Aim: То evaluate morphologic and immunologic effects of combined treatment with EPO and MSC in an experimental LPS sepsis model in rats.
Methods: 50 Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups: Group 1 - the healthy controls, Groups 2-5 were intraperitoneally introduced bacterial LPS 20 mg/kg. Two hours after LPS injection animals received the following intravenous treatments: Group 3 - 4xl05 allogeneic MSCs, Group 4 - 8.5 pg of recombinant EPO-beta, Group 5 - MSCs and EPO in the same doses. Surviving animals were euthanased on the 4th day. The morphological study of the liver, spleen, thymus, lungs, kidney tissues was performed. We analyzed the tissue changes, white blood cells count and serum level of IL-l, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-.
Results: Mortality in LPS groups did not differ. The highest white blood cells count was found in the group of combined treatment EPO+MSCs (8.15x106 cells/ml) compared with controls (2,15x10s cells/ml) and LPS controls (6,52x10s cells/ml). There were no differences in levels of TNF-, IL-2 and IL-6 between the groups, but serum IL-1 level in groups 2 and 4 was significantly higher than in treated with MSCs and MSCc + EPO animals. Histologically in the group 5 we observed significantly less leukocyte lung interalveolar septal infiltration and kidney tubular dystrophy. The most significant differences in group LPS + EPO were found in the lymphoid tissue - considerable hyperplasia of spleen white pulp and thymus cortex, whereas in the other groups different degrees of atrophy of the corresponding zones were noted.
Conclusions: Combined treatment with EPO and MSCs can reduce acute lung injury and kidney damage, cause hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue and enhance the immune response more than separate treatment in an experimental model of sepsis in rats.
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Hoseinnia S, Ghane M, Norouzi J, Hosseini F. Mesenchymal stem cell and endothelial progenitor cells coinjection improves LPS-induced lung injury via Tie2 activation and downregulation of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1791-1804. [PMID: 34397115 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the most important complications of infection with a high mortality rate. Recently, cell therapy has been widely used to reduce the symptoms of sepsis. It has been previously reported that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) therapy have beneficial effects in experimental models of sepsis. The effects of coculture of MSC and EPC have not yet been used to treat sepsis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of EPC + MSC coculture on the residual effects of sepsis in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice model. Coinjections of EPC + MSC significantly enhanced the survival rate of LPS-induced mice, decreased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine. The LPS-induced mice that were treated with EPC + MSC showed a notable reduction in pulmonary edema, hepatic enzymes, and C-reactive protein level compared with the control group. Our results showed that coinjection of EPC + MSC up and downregulates Tie2 and TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathways in LPS-induced mice, respectively. Also, in vitro study showed that viability, adhesion, and migration in coculture cells is significantly decreased after being induced with 10 μg/ml LPS. Our results showed that LPS impaired the functional activity of the cocultured EPC + MSC via upregulation of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, which may be associated with decreased pTie2/Tie2 expression. In conclusion, coinjection of EPC and MSC modulated the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway that leads to reduce the inflammatory response. This study may provide promising results for the introduction of cocultured cells to manage infectious diseases and balance the immune response through immune regulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Hoseinnia
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghane
- Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
| | - Jamile Norouzi
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhu D, Cheng K. Cardiac Cell Therapy for Heart Repair: Should the Cells Be Left Out? Cells 2021; 10:641. [PMID: 33805763 PMCID: PMC7999733 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the leading cause of death worldwide. Coronary artery occlusion, or myocardial infarction (MI) causes massive loss of cardiomyocytes. The ischemia area is eventually replaced by a fibrotic scar. From the mechanical dysfunctions of the scar in electronic transduction, contraction and compliance, pathological cardiac dilation and heart failure develops. Once end-stage heart failure occurs, the only option is to perform heart transplantation. The sequential changes are termed cardiac remodeling, and are due to the lack of endogenous regenerative actions in the adult human heart. Regenerative medicine and biomedical engineering strategies have been pursued to repair the damaged heart and to restore normal cardiac function. Such strategies include both cellular and acellular products, in combination with biomaterials. In addition, substantial progress has been made to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying heart repair and regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss current therapeutic approaches for cardiac repair and provide a perspective on novel strategies that holding potential opportunities for future research and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dashuai Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA;
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA;
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill & North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
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Chen R, Xie Y, Zhong X, Chen F, Gong Y, Wang N, Wang D. MSCs derived from amniotic fluid and umbilical cord require different administration schemes and exert different curative effects on different tissues in rats with CLP-induced sepsis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:164. [PMID: 33676566 PMCID: PMC7936453 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from multiple tissues, including amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) and the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs). Although the therapeutic effect of MSCs on sepsis is already known, researchers have not determined whether the cells from different sources require different therapeutic schedules or exert different curative effects. We assessed the biofunction of the administration of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs in rats with caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. METHODS CLP was used to establish a disease model of sepsis in rats, and intravenous tail vein administration of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs was performed to treat sepsis at 6 h after CLP. Two phases of animal experiments were implemented using MSCs harvested in saline with or without filtration. The curative effect was measured by determining the survival rate. Further effects were assessed by measuring proinflammatory cytokine levels, the plasma coagulation index, tissue histology and the pathology of the lung, liver and kidney. RESULTS We generated rats with medium-grade sepsis with a 30-40% survival rate to study the curative effects of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs. MSCs reversed CLP-induced changes in proinflammatory cytokine levels and coagulation activation. MSCs ameliorated CLP-induced histological and pathological changes in the lung, liver and kidney. AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs functioned differently in different tissues; UC-MSCs performed well in reducing the upregulation of inflammatory cytokine levels in the lungs and inhibiting the inflammatory cell infiltration into the liver capsule, while AF-MSCs performed well in inhibiting cell death in the kidneys and reducing the plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, an indicator of renal function. CONCLUSIONS Our studies suggest the safety and efficacy of AF-MSCs and UC-MSCs in the treatment of CLP-induced sepsis in rats and show that the cells potentially exert different curative effects on the main sepsis-affected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingjun Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Zhong
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Central Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Hickson LJ, Herrmann SM, McNicholas BA, Griffin MD. Progress toward the Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Other Disease-Modulating Regenerative Therapies: Examples from the Field of Nephrology. KIDNEY360 2021; 2:542-557. [PMID: 34316720 PMCID: PMC8312727 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0005692020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drawing from basic knowledge of stem-cell biology, embryonic development, wound healing, and aging, regenerative medicine seeks to develop therapeutic strategies that complement or replace conventional treatments by actively repairing diseased tissue or generating new organs and tissues. Among the various clinical-translational strategies within the field of regenerative medicine, several can be broadly described as promoting disease resolution indirectly through local or systemic interactions with a patient's cells, without permanently integrating or directly forming new primary tissue. In this review, we focus on such therapies, which we term disease-modulating regenerative therapies (DMRT), and on the extent to which they have been translated into the clinical arena in four distinct areas of nephrology: renovascular disease (RVD), sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and kidney transplantation (KTx). As we describe, the DMRT that has most consistently progressed to human clinical trials for these indications is mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which potently modulate ischemic, inflammatory, profibrotic, and immune-mediated tissue injury through diverse paracrine mechanisms. In KTx, several early-phase clinical trials have also tested the potential for ex vivo-expanded regulatory immune cell therapies to promote donor-specific tolerance and prevent or resolve allograft injury. Other promising DMRT, including adult stem/progenitor cells, stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, and implantable hydrogels/biomaterials remain at varying preclinical stages of translation for these renal conditions. To date (2021), no DMRT has gained market approval for use in patients with RVD, SA-AKI, DKD, or KTx, and clinical trials demonstrating definitive, cost-effective patient benefits are needed. Nonetheless, exciting progress in understanding the disease-specific mechanisms of action of MSCs and other DMRT, coupled with increasing knowledge of the pathophysiologic basis for renal-tissue injury and the experience gained from pioneering early-phase clinical trials provide optimism that influential, regenerative treatments for diverse kidney diseases will emerge in the years ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTonya J. Hickson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Sandra M. Herrmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bairbre A. McNicholas
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
- Nephrology Services, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Healthcare System, Galway, Ireland
- Critical Care Services, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Healthcare System, Galway, Ireland
| | - Matthew D. Griffin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
- Nephrology Services, Galway University Hospitals, Saolta University Healthcare System, Galway, Ireland
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13
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Seon GM, Lee MH, Koo MA, Hong SH, Park YJ, Jeong HK, Kwon BJ, Kim D, Park JC. Asiaticoside and polylysine-releasing collagen complex for effectively reducing initial inflammatory response using inflamed induced in vitro model. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 121:111837. [PMID: 33579475 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a significant clinical problem that can arise from full-thickness wounds or burn injuries or microbial disease. Although topical wound healing substances could promote rapid wound healing by preventing or reducing the consequences of inflammation, there still remains a need for the development of novel substances that can effectively reduce infection and inflammation in initial wound healing phase. In this study, collagen was combined with asiaticoside (AS) and ε-poly-l-lysine (εPLL). This complex was then applied to in vitro models of infection and inflammation. Collagen-AS coatings inhibited the initial inflammatory response to LPS through a sustained release of AS, and a bilayer coating-εPLL showed a notable antimicrobial effect using microbial infection test. In this study, we determined whether asiaticoside and εPLL have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects through different mechanisms. Collectively, the collagen-AS/εPLL complex indicated great therapeutic potentials for accelerate wound healing and the complex may be considered as a artificial scaffold substitute product to full-thickness wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeung Mi Seon
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lee
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ah Koo
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Hong
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Park
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Device Industry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Kyeong Jeong
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Device Industry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ju Kwon
- Department of Medical Device Industry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Gorman E, Millar J, McAuley D, O'Kane C. Mesenchymal stromal cells for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and COVID-19 infection: optimizing the therapeutic potential. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 15:301-324. [PMID: 33172313 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1848555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal (stem) cell (MSC) therapies are emerging as a promising therapeutic intervention in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis due to their reparative, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties.Areas covered: This review provides an overview of Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their mechanisms of effect in ARDS and sepsis. The preclinical and clinical evidence to support MSC therapy in ARDS and sepsis is discussed. The potential for MSC therapy in COVID-19 ARDS is discussed with insights from respiratory viral models and early clinical reports of MSC therapy in COVID-19. Strategies to optimize the therapeutic potential of MSCs in ARDS and sepsis are considered including preconditioning, altered gene expression, and alternative cell-free MSC-derived products, such as extracellular vesicles and conditioned medium.Expert opinion: MSC products present considerable therapeutic promise for ARDS and sepsis. Preclinical investigations report significant benefits and early phase clinical studies have not highlighted safety concerns. Optimization of MSC function in preclinical models of ARDS and sepsis has enhanced their beneficial effects. MSC-derived products, as cell-free alternatives, may provide further advantages in this field. These strategies present opportunity for the clinical development of MSCs and MSC-derived products with enhanced therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Gorman
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Jonathan Millar
- Division of Functional Genetics and Development, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Danny McAuley
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Cecilia O'Kane
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, UK
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Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis. Shock 2020; 55:423-440. [PMID: 32826813 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis is a life-threatening disorder that is caused by a dysregulated inflammatory response during an infection. The disease mostly affects pregnant women, newborns, and patients in intensive care units. Sepsis treatment is a significant part of a country's health budgets. Delay in the therapy causes irreversible failure of various organs due to the lack of blood supply and reduction of oxygen in the tissues and eventually increased mortality. The involvement of four or five organs by sepsis has been attributed to an increased risk of death to over 90%. Although antibiotics are at the first line of sepsis treatment, they do not possess enough potency to control the disease and prevent subsequent organ failure. The immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-microbial properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported in various studies. Therefore, the application of MSCs has been considered a potentially promising therapeutic strategy. In preclinical studies, the administration of MSCs has been associated with reduced bacterial load and decreased levels of pro-inflammatory factors as well as the improved function of the different vital organs, including heart, kidney, liver, and lungs. The current study provides a brief review of sepsis and its pathophysiology, and then highlights recent findings in the therapeutic effects of MSCs and MSC-derived secretome in improving sepsis-induced organ dysfunction. Besides, eligible sepsis candidates for MSC-therapy and the latest clinical findings in these areas have been reviewed.
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Sato Y, Ochiai D, Abe Y, Masuda H, Fukutake M, Ikenoue S, Kasuga Y, Shimoda M, Kanai Y, Tanaka M. Prophylactic therapy with human amniotic fluid stem cells improved survival in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced neonatal sepsis through immunomodulation via aggregates with peritoneal macrophages. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:300. [PMID: 32690106 PMCID: PMC7370504 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite recent advances in neonatal care, sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in neonates. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from various tissues, such as bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, have beneficial effects on adult sepsis. Although human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) have mesenchymal stem cell properties, the efficacy of hAFSCs on neonatal sepsis is yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of hAFSCs on neonatal sepsis using a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. Methods hAFSCs were isolated as CD117-positive cells from human amniotic fluid. Three-day-old rat pups were intraperitoneally treated with LPS to mimic neonatal sepsis. hAFSCs were administered either 3 h before or at 0, 3, or 24 h after LPS exposure. Serum inflammatory cytokine levels, gene expression profiles from spleens, and multiple organ damage were analyzed. hAFSC localization was determined in vivo. In vitro LPS stimulation tests were performed using neonatal rat peritoneal macrophages co-cultured with hAFSCs in a cell-cell contact-dependent/independent manner. Immunoregulation in the spleen was determined using a DNA microarray analysis. Results Prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved survival in the LPS-treated rats while the hAFSCs transplantation after LPS exposure did not elicit a therapeutic response. Therefore, hAFSC pretreatment was used for all subsequent studies. Inflammatory cytokine levels were elevated after LPS injection, which was attenuated by hAFSC pretreatment. Subsequently, inflammation-induced damages in the brain, lungs, and liver were ameliorated. hAFSCs aggregated with peritoneal macrophages and/or transiently accumulated in the liver, mesentery, and peritoneum. Paracrine factors released by hAFSCs induced M1-M2 macrophage polarization in a cell-cell contact-independent manner. Direct contact between hAFSCs and peritoneal macrophages further enhanced the polarization. Microarray analysis of the spleen showed that hAFSC pretreatment reduced the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and inflammation and subsequently suppressed toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways. Conclusions Prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved survival in a rat model of LPS-induced neonatal sepsis. These effects might be mediated by a phenotypic switch from M1 to M2 in peritoneal macrophages, triggered by hAFSCs in a cell-cell contact-dependent/independent manner and the subsequent immunomodulation of the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Daigo Ochiai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Yushi Abe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Marie Fukutake
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Satoru Ikenoue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kasuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimoda
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yae Kanai
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35, Shinanomachi Shinjyukuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Burns in the Elderly: Potential Role of Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134604. [PMID: 32610474 PMCID: PMC7369885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns in the elderly continue to be a challenge despite advances in burn wound care management. Elderly burn patients continue to have poor outcomes compared to the younger population. This is secondary to changes in the quality of the aged skin, leading to impaired wound healing, aggravated immunologic and inflammatory responses, and age-related comorbidities. Considering the fast-growing elderly population, it is imperative to understand the anatomic, physiologic, and molecular changes of the aging skin and the mechanisms involved in their wound healing process to prevent complications associated with burn wounds. Various studies have shown that stem cell-based therapies improve the rate and quality of wound healing and skin regeneration; however, the focus is on the younger population. In this paper, we start with an anatomical, physiological and molecular dissection of the elderly skin to understand why wound healing is delayed. We then review the potential use of stem cells in elderly burn wounds, as well as the mechanisms by which mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-based therapies may impact burn wound healing in the elderly. MSCs improve burn wound healing by stimulating and augmenting growth factor secretion and cell proliferation, and by modulating the impaired elderly immune response. MSCs can be used to expedite healing in superficial partial thickness burns and donor site wounds, improve graft take and prevent graft breakdown.
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Li Z, Song Y, Yuan P, Guo W, Hu X, Xing W, Ao L, Tan Y, Wu X, Ao X, He X, Jiang D, Liang H, Xu X. Antibacterial Fusion Protein BPI21/LL-37 Modification Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of hUC-MSCs in Sepsis. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1806-1817. [PMID: 32445625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, which is characterized by multiple organ dysfunctions as a result of an unbalanced host-inflammatory response to pathogens, is potentially a life-threatening condition and a major cause of death in the intensive care units (ICUs). However, effective treatment or intervention to prevent sepsis-associated lethality is still lacking. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation has been shown to have potent immunomodulatory properties and improve tissue repair yet lacks direct antibacterial and endotoxin clearance activities. In this study, we engineered hUC-MSCs to express a broad-spectrum antibacterial fusion peptide containing BPI21 and LL-37 (named BPI21/LL-37) and confirmed that the BPI21/LL-37 modification did not affect the stemness and immunoregulatory capacities of hUC-MSCs but remarkably, enhanced its antibacterial and toxin-neutralizing activities in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that administration of BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs significantly reduces serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6, whereas increases that of IL-10 in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis mouse model. Administration of BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs significantly reduced systemic endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) levels and organ bacterial load, ameliorated damage to multiple organs, and improved survival. Taken together, our study demonstrates that BPI21/LL-37-engineered hUC-MSCs might offer a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat sepsis via enhanced antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties to preserve organ functions better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yuqing Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Peisong Yuan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Luoquan Ao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Dongpo Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Huaping Liang
- Department of Wound Infection and Drug, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China; Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
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Topcu Sarica L, Zibandeh N, Genç D, Gül F, Akkoç T, Kombak EF, Cinel L, Akkoç T, Cinel I. Immunomodulatory and Tissue-preserving Effects of Human Dental Follicle Stem Cells in a Rat Cecal Ligation and Perforation Sepsis Model. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:397-405. [PMID: 32334851 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells may be used for the treatment of sepsis. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) are easily accessible but have not been studied in vivo or in clinical trials in sepsis models. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to elucidate DFSC effects on host immunological functions in a rat cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) sepsis model. METHODS Adult male rats were categorized into group 1 (sham procedure SP), group 2 (SP + 1 × 106 DFSCs administered 0 h after SP), group 3 (CLP + saline), group 4 (CLP + 1 × 106 DFSCs administered 0 h after CLP), and group 5 (CLP + 1 × 106 DFSCs administered 4 h after CLP). Green fluorescent protein-labeled cells were used for imaging. Histopathological examination of ileal tissues was performed. RESULTS A significant increase in the percentage of CD4+/CD25+/Foxp3+ Treg cells in groups 4 and 5 occurred compared with that in group 3. No significant changes in CD3+/CD4+ helper T-cells and CD3+/CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells were observed. Treatment with DFSCs at 4 h significantly decreased the level of TNF-α compared with that in group 3. No significant changes in IL-10 levels and lymphocyte proliferation suppression were observed. During histopathological examination, no high scoring (Chiu scores: 3 or 4) rats were observed in the curative treatment group (group 5). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with DFSC after 4 h of sepsis induction downregulates tissue inflammatory responses by decreasing TNF-α levels and increasing Treg cell ratio. This also has a protective effect on intestinal tissues during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Topcu Sarica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Noushin Zibandeh
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Genç
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fethi Gül
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Akkoç
- TUBITAK MRC Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Erdem Faruk Kombak
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leyla Cinel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cinel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Collino F, Lopes JA, Tapparo M, Tortelote GG, Kasai-Brunswick TH, Lopes GM, Almeida DB, Skovronova R, Wendt CHC, de Miranda KR, Bussolati B, Vieyra A, Lindoso RS. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Promote Renoprotection in Acute Kidney Injury Model. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020453. [PMID: 32079274 PMCID: PMC7072760 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have been the focus of several studies due to their wide range of application, including in cellular therapy. The use of iPSC in regenerative medicine is limited by their tumorigenic potential. Extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from stem cells have been shown to support renal recovery after injury. However, no investigation has explored the potential of iPSC-EV in the treatment of kidney diseases. To evaluate this potential, we submitted renal tubule cells to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury, and we analyzed cell death rate and changes in functional mitochondria mass. An in vivo model of ischemia-reperfusion injury was used to evaluate morphological and functional alterations. Gene array profile was applied to investigate the mechanism involved in iPSC-EV effects. In addition, EV derived from adipose mesenchymal cells (ASC-EV) were also used to compare the potential of iPSC-EV in support of tissue recovery. The results showed that iPSC-EV were capable of reducing cell death and inflammatory response with similar efficacy than ASC-EV. Moreover, iPSC-EV protected functional mitochondria and regulated several genes associated with oxidative stress. Taken together, these results show that iPSC can be an alternative source of EV in the treatment of different aspects of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Collino
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Jarlene A. Lopes
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Giovane G. Tortelote
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics’ Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Taís H. Kasai-Brunswick
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M.C. Lopes
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Douglas B. Almeida
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Skovronova
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy (B.B.)
| | - Camila H. C. Wendt
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Kildare R. de Miranda
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Structural Biology and Bioimaging-INBEB, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy (B.B.)
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine/BIOTRANS, Grande Rio University, 25071-202 Duque de Caxias, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.S.L.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-6521 (A.V.); +55-21-3938-6520 (R.S.L.)
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.S.L.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-6521 (A.V.); +55-21-3938-6520 (R.S.L.)
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21
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Ibrahim YF, Fadl RR, Ibrahim S, Gayyed MF, Bayoumi A, Refaie M. Protective effect of febuxostat in sepsis-induced liver and kidney injuries after cecal ligation and puncture with the impact of xanthine oxidase, interleukin 1 β, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:906-919. [PMID: 32054342 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120905957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the most common causes of death among hospitalized patients. Activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), a reactive oxygen species-producing enzyme, is known to be elevated in septic patients. Our aim was to investigate the possible protective role of XO inhibitor, febuxostat (FEB), in a rat model of sepsis-induced liver and kidney injures. Adult male albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 12 each): sham control, sham + FEB, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP + FEB groups. FEB (10 mg/kg per os (p.o.)) was given once daily for 2 days and 30 min prior to laparotomy with CLP. CLP was associated with a high mortality rate accompanied by significant liver and kidney injuries indicated by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels and confirmed by histopathological tissue injury. Moreover, there was an increase in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, uric acid, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels and with decreased superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity. In addition, CLP caused increased expression of the inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1beta protein levels, and nuclear factor kappa B immunoexpression. Finally, CLP operated rats exhibited an upregulation in the apoptotic mediators, caspase 3, and P-C-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) proteins. FEB treatment of CLP rats caused a significant improvement and normalization in all measured parameters. Moreover, FEB amerliorates degenerative histopathological changes and improves the overall survival rate. In conclusion, FEB exhibited a protective effect in sepsis-induced liver and kidney injuries most probably through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties and attenuating JNK signaling pathway secondary to its XO enzyme inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - R R Fadl
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Sae Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - M F Gayyed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Ama Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Mmm Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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22
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Zhao H, Xie L, Clemens JL, Zong L, McLane MW, Arif H, Feller MC, Jia B, Zhu Y, Facciabene A, Ozen M, Lei J, Burd I. Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Perinatal Brain Injury Via a CD8 + T Cell Mechanism in a Model of Intrauterine Inflammation. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1465-1476. [PMID: 31997258 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) ameliorate preterm birth and perinatal brain injury induced by intrauterine inflammation (IUI). A mouse model of IUI-induced perinatal brain injury at embryonic (E) day 17 was utilized. BMMSCs were derived from GFP-transgenic mice and phenotypically confirmed to be CD44+, Sca-1+, CD45-, CD34-, CD11b-, and CD11c- by flow cytometry and sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Dams were assigned to four groups: phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) + PBS, PBS + BMMSCs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + PBS, and LPS + BMMSCs. Following maternal IUI, there was a significant increase in CD8+ T cells in the placentas. Maternally administered BMMSCs trafficked to the fetal side of the placenta and resulted in significantly decreased placental CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, fetal trafficking of maternally administered BMMSCs correlated with an improved performance on offspring neurobehavioral testing in LPS + BMMSC group compared with LPS + PBS group. Our data support that maternal administration of BMMSCs can alleviate perinatal inflammation-induced brain injury and improve neurobehavioral outcomes in the offspring via CD8+ T cell immunomodulation at the feto-placental interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Zhao
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Li Xie
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Julia L Clemens
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Lu Zong
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Michael W McLane
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hattan Arif
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Mia C Feller
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Bei Jia
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Yan Zhu
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andreas Facciabene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maide Ozen
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jun Lei
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Irina Burd
- Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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23
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Rabou MAA, Naga NAAE, Eid FA. Effect of Transplanted Bone Marrow on Kidney Tissue of γ-Irradiated Pregnant Rats and Their Fetuses. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 23:92-102. [PMID: 31930887 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.92.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The damaging effects of ionizing radiation lead to cell death. The present study was performed to assess the possible ameliorating effects of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on the histopathological and histochemical changes in the kidney tissue of γ-irradiated pregnant rats and their fetuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant rats were divided into 5 sets (6 females in each set): Group C (untreated pregnant rats), group R7 (pregnant rats exposed to 2Gy of γ-rays on the 7th day of pregnancy), group R7+BM (pregnant rats exposed to 2Gy of γ-rays on the 7th day of pregnancy then injected by freshly BMT (75×106±5 cells) intra peritoneally after 1 h of irradiation, group R14 (pregnant rats exposed to 2Gy of γ-rays on the 14th day of pregnancy), group R14+BM (pregnant rats exposed to 2Gy γ-rays on the 14th day of pregnancy and after 1 h received 1 dose of BMT). All pregnant rats were sacrificed on the 20th day of pregnancy and kidney samples of pregnant rats and their fetuses were removed for histopathological and histochemical studies. RESULTS Gamma rays caused many histological and histochemical deviations in the kidney tissue of mothers and their fetuses on day 7 or 14 of gestation, but bone marrow transplantation highly improved the damage were occurred due to γ-rays. CONCLUSION Bone marrow transplantation has the ability to decrease the injury of gamma rays.
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24
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Curtis BJ, Shults JA, Boe DM, Ramirez L, Kovacs EJ. Mesenchymal stem cell treatment attenuates liver and lung inflammation after ethanol intoxication and burn injury. Alcohol 2019; 80:139-148. [PMID: 30217504 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous burn injury is one of the most devastating injuries one can obtain, with tissue damage extending beyond the skin wound to distal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and lungs. Multiple organ failure is a leading cause of death after burn injury, resulting in excessive systemic and localized inflammation directly contributing to end organ damage. We postulated that the gut-liver-lung inflammatory axis underscores multiple organ failure in the context of burn injury and is hyper-activated when ethanol intoxication precedes burn. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regenerative and anti-inflammatory, and MSC treatment has been shown to be beneficial in several immune disorders and injury models. Our objective was to determine whether intravenous infusion of exogenous bone marrow-derived MSCs could reduce post-burn and intoxication pulmonary, hepatic, and systemic inflammation. Vehicle- or ethanol- (1.6 g/kg) treated mice were subjected to sham or 15% total body surface area scald burn. One hour post-injury, mice were given 5 × 105 CFSE-labeled MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline intravenously (i.v.) and were euthanized 24 h later. We assessed circulating biomarkers of inflammation and liver damage, measured cytokine and chemokine production, and quantified apoptosis in lung and liver tissue. Compared to intoxicated and burned mice, those treated with MSCs had less cellularity, limited apoptosis, and a slight reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the neutrophil chemokine, KC (CXCL1) in lung tissue. Mice with MSCs treatment had more dramatic anti-inflammatory effects on systemic and hepatic inflammation, as serum IL-6 levels were diminished by 43%, and il6 and kc expression in liver tissue were markedly reduced, as were biomarkers of liver damage, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (AST), compared with intoxicated and burned mice. Taken together, our results suggest intravenous MSCs treatment can diminish systemic inflammation, lessen hepatic damage, and decrease liver and lung apoptosis and inflammation, indicating MSCs as a novel therapy for restoring homeostasis of multiple organ systems in intoxicated burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Curtis
- Burn Research and Alcohol Research Programs, Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jill A Shults
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Campus, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Devin M Boe
- Burn Research and Alcohol Research Programs, Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Luis Ramirez
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago, Health Sciences Campus, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Burn Research and Alcohol Research Programs, Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma and Endocrine Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
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25
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Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate acute liver injury in rat model of CLP induced-sepsis via sTNFR1. Exp Cell Res 2019; 383:111465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Ding XF, Liang HY, Sun JY, Liu SH, Kan QC, Wang LX, Sun TW. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate the inflammatory reaction in CLP-induced septic acute lung injury rats via sTNFR1. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16582-16591. [PMID: 30779123 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), which secrete high amounts of soluble molecules, such as soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1), may ameliorate sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). A total of 120 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into four groups: the sham control (SC), sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), CLP-ADMSCs, and CLP-sTNFR1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) groups; CLP groups underwent CLP and then received 1 × 106 ADMSCs with or without knockdown of sTNFR1 intravenously at 1 hr after surgery. Rats were killed at 3, 6, 24, and 48 hr after the SC or CLP procedures. 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine-labeled ADMSCs extensively colonized the lungs at 6, 24, and 72 hr after injection. The lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratios in the CLP group were higher than those in SC group; however, ADMSCs ameliorated the W/D weight ratios following CLP, and this effect was abolished by sTNFR1 siRNA treatment. The levels of serum sTNFR1 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were higher in the CLP-ADMSCs group and lower in the SC group than in other groups; interestingly, these levels were higher in CLP and CLP-sTNFR1 siRNA groups than in SC group. Tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 levels increased significantly after CLP, and ADMSCs could alleviate these changes, but the effect was weakened by sTNFR1 siRNA treatment. The lung cell apoptosis and edema levels were consistent with IL-6 levels among all groups. Therapeutically administered ADMSCs secrete sTNFR1, which most likely protects against ALI in septic rats by ameliorating inflammation and lung edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Fei Ding
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine platform, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huo-Yan Liang
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine platform, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Yi Sun
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine platform, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shao-Hua Liu
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quan-Cheng Kan
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Le-Xin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tong-Wen Sun
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University Translational Medicine platform, Zhengzhou, China
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27
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Hoogduijn MJ, Lombardo E. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Anno 2019: Dawn of the Therapeutic Era? Concise Review. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1126-1134. [PMID: 31282113 PMCID: PMC6811696 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
2018 was the year of the first marketing authorization of an allogeneic stem cell therapy by the European Medicines Agency. The authorization concerns the use of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for treatment of complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease. This is a breakthrough in the field of MSC therapy. The last few years have, furthermore, seen some breakthroughs in the investigations into the mechanisms of action of MSC therapy. Although the therapeutic effects of MSCs have largely been attributed to their secretion of immunomodulatory and regenerative factors, it has now become clear that some of the effects are mediated through host phagocytic cells that clear administered MSCs and in the process adapt an immunoregulatory and regeneration supporting function. The increased interest in therapeutic use of MSCs and the ongoing elucidation of the mechanisms of action of MSCs are promising indicators that 2019 may be the dawn of the therapeutic era of MSCs and that there will be revived interest in research to more efficient, practical, and sustainable MSC-based therapies. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1126-1134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Hoogduijn
- Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Laroye C, Boufenzer A, Jolly L, Cunat L, Alauzet C, Merlin JL, Yguel C, Bensoussan D, Reppel L, Gibot S. Bone marrow vs Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells in experimental sepsis: a comparative study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:192. [PMID: 31248453 PMCID: PMC6598309 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is being extensively studied in clinical trials in the setting of various diseases including diabetes, stroke, and progressive multiple sclerosis. The unique immunomodulatory properties of MSCs also point them as a possible therapeutic tool during sepsis and septic shock, a devastating syndrome associated with 30-35% mortality. However, MSCs are not equal regarding their activity, depending on their tissue origin. Here, we aimed at comparing the in vivo properties of MSCs according to their tissue source (bone marrow (BM) versus Wharton's jelly (WJ)) in a murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis that mimics a human peritonitis. We hypothesized that MSC properties may vary depending on their tissue source in the setting of sepsis. METHODS CLP, adult, male, C57BL/6 mice were randomized in 3 groups receiving respectively 0.25 × 106 BM-MSCs, 0.25 × 106 WJ-MSCs, or 150 μL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intravenously 24 h after the CLP procedure. RESULTS We observed that both types of MSCs regulated leukocyte trafficking and reduced organ dysfunction, while only WJ-MSCs were able to improve bacterial clearance and survival. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance to determine the most appropriate source of MSCs for a given therapeutic indication and suggests a better profile for WJ-MSCs during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Laroye
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, Allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM UMRS-1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Lucie Jolly
- INSERM UMRS-1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- INOTREM, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Lisiane Cunat
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Corentine Alauzet
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Merlin
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Service de Biopathologie - Unité de Biologie des Tumeurs, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Clémence Yguel
- CHRU de Nancy, laboratoire anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, Allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Reppel
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, Allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- INSERM UMRS-1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
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Műzes G, Sipos F. Issues and opportunities of stem cell therapy in autoimmune diseases. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:212-221. [PMID: 31110602 PMCID: PMC6503459 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i4.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of regenerative medicine is to restore or enhance the normal function of human cells, tissues, and organs. From a clinical point of view, the use of stem cells is more advantageous than differentiated cells because they can be collected more easily and in larger quantities, their proliferation capacity is more pronounced, they are more resistant in cell culture, their aging is delayed, they are able to form a number of cell lines, and they are able to promote vascularization of tissue carriers. The therapeutic use of stem cells for disease modification, immunomodulation, or regenerative purposes are undoubtedly encouraging, but most studies are still in their early stages, and the clinical results reported are not clear with regard to therapeutic efficacy and potential side effects. Uniform regulation of the clinical application of stem cells is also indispensable for this highly customizable, minimally invasive, individualized therapeutic method to become a successful and safe treatment alternative in many different autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Györgyi Műzes
- Immunology Team, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Sipos
- Immunology Team, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi Street 46, Budapest 1088, Hungary
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Borges FT, Convento MB, Schor N. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell: what next? STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 11:77-83. [PMID: 30510433 PMCID: PMC6231430 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s147804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) is a potential alternative in regenerative medicine and has great potential in many pathologic conditions including kidney disease. Although most of the studies demonstrate MSC efficiency, the regenerative potential may not be efficient in all diseases and patients. Stem cell feasibility is modified by donor characteristics as gender, age, diet, and health status, producing both positive and negative results. The conditioning of MSC can potentiate its effects and modify its culture medium (CM). In current practices, the cell-free treatment is gaining notable attention, while MSC-conditioned CM is being applied and studied in many experimental diseases, including, but not limited to, certain kidney diseases. This may be the next step for clinical trials. Studies in stem cell CM have focused mainly on extracellular vesicles, nucleic acids (mRNA and microRNA), lipids, and proteins presented in this CM. They mediate regenerative effects of MSC in a harmonic manner. In this review, we will analyze the regenerative potential of MSC and its CM as well as discuss some effective techniques for modifying its fractions and improving its therapeutic potential. CM fractions may be modified by hypoxic conditions, inflammation, lipid exposition, and protein growth factors. Other possible mechanisms of action of stem cells are also suggested. In the future, the MSC paracrine effect may be modified to more closely meet each patient’s needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda T Borges
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, .,Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,
| | - Marcia Bastos Convento
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,
| | - Nestor Schor
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,
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31
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Wang B, Wu S, Ma Z, Wang T, Yang C. BMSCs pre-treatment ameliorates inflammation-related tissue destruction in LPS-induced rat DIC model. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1024. [PMID: 30282969 PMCID: PMC6170466 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) model rats and to further explore the underlying mechanism. A rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced DIC was successfully established, as indicated by impaired plasma hemostatic parameters and damaged organ functions in rats. Importantly, pre-treatment with rat allogeneic BMSCs before LPS injection significantly alleviated systemic intravascular coagulation, reduced plasma levels of organ dysfunction indicators and pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppressed fibrin microthrombi formation, ameliorated liver, heart, and renal injuries, and increased 24-hour survival rates in LPS-induced DIC rats. The protection of BMSCs against DIC was in a moderately dose-dependent manner. Further investigation revealed that BMSCs co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) significantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated PBMCs proliferation and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from PBMCs. Of note, upregulation of immunosuppressive factors including indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and interleukin-10, which was induced by interferon-γ, contributed to BMSCs-mediated inhibition of LPS-stimulated PBMCs proliferation. These effects do not depend on the direct cell-cell contact. In conclusion, BMSCs pre-treatment ameliorates inflammation-related tissue destruction in LPS-induced DIC model rats. The protection of BMSCs may be attributed to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which render BMSCs a promising source for stem cell-based therapeutic approaches in inflammation-related DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Shuming Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zengshan Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changyong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Laroye C, Lemarié J, Boufenzer A, Labroca P, Cunat L, Alauzet C, Groubatch F, Cailac C, Jolly L, Bensoussan D, Reppel L, Gibot S. Clinical-grade mesenchymal stem cells derived from umbilical cord improve septic shock in pigs. Intensive Care Med Exp 2018; 6:24. [PMID: 30091119 PMCID: PMC6082751 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-018-0194-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septic shock is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The pathophysiological complexity of this syndrome contributes to an absence of specific treatment. Several preclinical studies in murine models of septic shock have shown improvements to organ injury and survival after administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To better mimic a clinical approach in humans, we investigated the impact of randomized controlled double-blind administration of clinical-grade umbilical cord-derived MSCs to a relevant pig model of septic shock. METHODS Septic shock was induced by fecal peritonitis in 12 male domestic pigs. Animals were resuscitated by an experienced intensivist including fluid administration and vasopressors. Four hours after the induction of peritonitis, pigs were randomized to receive intravenous injection of thawed umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSC) (1 × 106 UCMSCs/kg diluted in 75 mL hydroxyethyl starch (HES), (n = 6) or placebo (HES alone, n = 6). Researchers were double-blinded to the treatment administered. Hemodynamic parameters were continuously recorded. Gas exchange, acid-base status, organ function, and plasma cytokine concentrations were assessed at regular intervals until 24 h after the onset of peritonitis when animals were sacrificed under anesthesia. RESULTS Peritonitis induced profound hypotension, hyperlactatemia, and multiple organ failure. These disorders were significantly attenuated when animals were treated with UCMSCs. In particular, cardiovascular failure was attenuated, as attested by a better mean arterial pressure and reduced lactatemia, despite lower norepinephrine requirements. As such, UCMSCs improved survival in this very severe model (60% survival vs. 0% at 24 h). CONCLUSION UCMSCs administration is beneficial in this pig model of polymicrobial septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Laroye
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de tissus, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jérémie Lemarié
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Pierre Labroca
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Lisiane Cunat
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Corentine Alauzet
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- EA 7300 Stress Immunité Pathogènes, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frédérique Groubatch
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- Ecole de chirurgie, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Clémence Cailac
- CHRU de Nancy, laboratoire anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Lucie Jolly
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- INOTREM, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de tissus, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Reppel
- CHRU de Nancy, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de tissus, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7365, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- INSERM, U1116, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
- CHRU de Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, 54000 Nancy, France
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33
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Magne B, Lataillade JJ, Trouillas M. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Preconditioning: The Next Step Toward a Customized Treatment For Severe Burn. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1385-1405. [PMID: 30039742 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last century, the clinical management of severe skin burns significantly progressed with the development of burn care units, topical antimicrobials, resuscitation methods, early eschar excision surgeries, and skin grafts. Despite these considerable advances, the present treatment of severe burns remains burdensome, and patients are highly susceptible to skin engraftment failure, infections, organ dysfunction, and hypertrophic scarring. Recent researches have focused on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy and hold great promises for tissue repair, as reported in several animal studies and clinical cases. In the present review, we will provide an up-to-date outlook of the pathophysiology of severe skin burns, clinical treatment modalities and current limitations. We will then focus on MSCs and their potential in the burn wound healing both in in vitro and in vivo studies. A specific attention will be paid to the cell preconditioning approach, as a means of improving the MSC efficacy in the treatment of major skin burns. In particular, we will debate how several preconditioning cues would modulate the MSC properties to better match up with the burn pathophysiology in the course of the cell therapy. Finally, we will discuss the clinical interest and feasibility of a MSC-based therapy in comparison to their paracrine derivatives, including microvesicles and conditioned media for the treatment of major skin burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Magne
- INSERM U1197-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)/Antenne Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées (CTSA) , Clamart, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Lataillade
- INSERM U1197-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)/Antenne Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées (CTSA) , Clamart, France
| | - Marina Trouillas
- INSERM U1197-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)/Antenne Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Armées (CTSA) , Clamart, France
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34
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Usuelli FG, Grassi M, Maccario C, Vigano' M, Lanfranchi L, Alfieri Montrasio U, de Girolamo L. Intratendinous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) injection provides a safe, efficacious treatment for Achilles tendinopathy: results of a randomized controlled clinical trial at a 6-month follow-up. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:2000-2010. [PMID: 28251260 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-017-4479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection has shown controversial results for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy, it remains the most used biological treatment. Recent findings seem to demonstrate that the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) within adipose tissue may counteract the impaired tendon homeostasis. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare the efficacy of PRP and SVF injection for the treatment of non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy. METHODS Fourty-four patients were recruited in the study; 23 of them were assigned to the PRP group whereas 21 to the SVF group, treated unilaterally or bilaterally for a total of 28 tendons per group. All patients (age 18-55 years) were clinically assessed pre-operatively and at 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 days from treatment, using the VAS pain scale, the VISA-A, the AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Score and the SF-36 form. The patients were also evaluated by ultrasound and magnetic resonance before treatment and after 4 (US only) and 6 months. RESULTS Both treatments allowed for a significant improvement with respect to baseline. Comparing the two groups, VAS, AOFAS and VISA-A scored significantly better at 15 and 30 days in the SVF in comparison to PRP group (p < 0.05). At the following time points the scores were not significantly different between the two groups. No correlation has been found between clinical and radiological findings. CONCLUSIONS Both PRP and SVF were safe, effective treatments for recalcitrant Achilles tendinopathy. The patients treated with SVF obtained faster results, thus suggesting that such a treatment should be taken into consideration for those patients who require an earlier return to daily activities or sport. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial, Level 1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Grassi
- USPeC, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy
| | - Camilla Maccario
- CASCO Department, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy.,Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Vigano'
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy
| | - Luciano Lanfranchi
- Plastic Surgery Department, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Laura de Girolamo
- Orthopaedic Biotechnology Laboratory, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milano, Italy
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35
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A Novel Mechanism of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Mediated Protection against Sepsis: Restricting Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages by Increasing Mitophagy and Decreasing Mitochondrial ROS. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3537609. [PMID: 29636842 PMCID: PMC5831900 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3537609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response to infection, is the leading cause of death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Previous studies indicated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) might have therapeutic potential against sepsis. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of MSCs on sepsis and the underlying mechanisms focusing on inflammasome activation in macrophages. The results demonstrated that the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) significantly increased the survival rate and organ function in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mice compared with the control-grouped mice. BMSCs significantly restricted NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suppressed the generation of mitochondrial ROS, and decreased caspase-1 and IL-1β activation when cocultured with bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), the effects of which could be abolished by Mito-TEMPO. Furthermore, the expression levels of caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in BMDMs were elevated after treatment with mitophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Thus, BMSCs exert beneficial effects on inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages primarily via both enhancing mitophagy and decreasing mitochondrial ROS. These findings suggest that restricting inflammasome activation in macrophages by increasing mitophagy and decreasing mitochondrial ROS might be a crucial mechanism for MSCs to combat sepsis.
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Abstract
Stem cells possess the extraordinary capacity of self-renewal and differentiation to various cell types, thus to form original tissues and organs. Stem cell heterogeneity including genetic and nongenetic mechanisms refers to biological differences amongst normal and stem cells originated within the same tissue. Cell differentiation hierarchy and stochasticity in gene expression and signaling pathways may result in phenotypic differences of stem cells. The maintenance of stemness and activation of differentiation potential are fundamentally orchestrated by microenvironmental stem cell niche-related cellular and humoral signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Györgyi Műzes
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Immunology Division, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 46., Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Sipos
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Immunology Division, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 46., Budapest, 1088, Hungary
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37
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Rodgers K, Jadhav SS. The application of mesenchymal stem cells to treat thermal and radiation burns. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 123:75-81. [PMID: 29031640 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed for a number of indications due to their regenerative and anti-inflammatory phenotypes and their utility is enhanced by the fact that allogeneic transplant is feasible with this cell type. Animal studies and early human cases indicate that this has the potential to be an exciting new therapy for treating chronic non-healing wounds such as diabetic ulcers, burns and cutaneous radiation burns. This review will focus on the use of MSCs to treat thermal and radiation burns. Large, severe burns are difficult to treat and pose a major public health burden worldwide. They are characterized by an extensive loss of the outer protective barrier, delayed wound healing, increased oxidative stress and a heightened inflammatory state. The breakdown of the protective barrier results in increased susceptibility to fluid loss and bacterial sepsis. In the case of radiation burns, chronic inflammation can result in subsequent waves of tissue injury leading to skin breakdown and necrosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on MSCs in treating thermal and radiation burns along with the specific scope of characterizing the biologic function of MSCs that help enhance wound healing in these chronic injuries.
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38
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Burmeister DM, Gómez BI, Dubick MA. Molecular mechanisms of trauma-induced acute kidney injury: Inflammatory and metabolic insights from animal models. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2661-2671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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39
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Tridimensional configurations of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells to enhance cell paracrine potential towards wound healing processes. J Biotechnol 2017; 262:28-39. [PMID: 28965974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes to use alginate encapsulation as a strategy to assess the paracrine activity of 3D- and 2D-cultured human bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM MSC) in the setting of wound repair and regeneration processes. A side-by-side comparison of MSC culture in three different 3D configurations (spheroids, encapsulated spheroids and encapsulated single cells) versus 2D monolayer cell culture is presented. The results reveal enhanced resistance to oxidative stress and paracrine potential of 3D spheroid-organized BM MSC. MSC spheroids (148±2μm diameter) encapsulated in alginate microbeads evidence increased angiogenic and chemotactic potential relatively to encapsulated single cells, as supported by higher secreted levels of angiogenic factors and by functional assays showing the capability of encapsulated MSC to promote formation of tubelike structures and migration of fibroblasts into a wounded area. In addition, a higher expression of the anti-inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 6 (TSG-6) was demonstrated by RT-PCR for encapsulated and non-encapsulated spheroids. Culture of spheroids within an alginate matrix maintains low aggregation levels below 5% and favors resistance to oxidative stress. These are important factors towards the establishment of more standardized and controlled systems, crucial to explore the paracrine effects of 3D-cultured MSC in therapeutic settings.
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40
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Laroye C, Gibot S, Reppel L, Bensoussan D. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: A New Treatment for Sepsis and Septic Shock? Stem Cells 2017; 35:2331-2339. [PMID: 28856759 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are the leading cause of admission and mortality in non-coronary intensive care units. Currently, however, no specific treatments are available for this syndrome. Due to the failure of conventional treatments in recent years, research is focusing on innovative therapeutic agents, including cell therapy. One particular type of cell, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), has raised hopes for the treatment of sepsis. Indeed, their immunomodulatory properties, antimicrobial activity and capacity of protection against organ failure confer MSCs with a major advantage to treat the immune and inflammatory dysfunctions associated with sepsis and septic shock. After a brief description of the pathophysiology of sepsis and septic shock, the latest advances in the use of MSCs to treat sepsis will be presented. Stem Cells 2017;35:2331-2339.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Laroye
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- INSERM, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,CHRU Nancy, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, Nancy, France
| | - Loïc Reppel
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et banque de Tissus, CHRU de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,UMR 7365 CNRS, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Kardia E, Zakaria N, Sarmiza Abdul Halim NS, Widera D, Yahaya BH. The use of mesenchymal stromal cells in treatment of lung disorders. Regen Med 2017; 12:203-216. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represents a promising alternative clinical strategy for treating acute and chronic lung disorders. Several preclinical reports demonstrated that MSCs can secrete multiple paracrine factors and that their immunomodulatory properties can support endothelial and epithelial regeneration, modulate the inflammatory cascade and protect lungs from damage. The effects of MSC transplantation into patients suffering from lung diseases should be fully evaluated through careful assessment of safety and associated risks, which is a prerequisite for translation of preclinical research into clinical practice. In this article, we summarize the current status of preclinical research and review initial MSC-based clinical trials for treating lung injuries and lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egi Kardia
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Norashikin Zakaria
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Shuhaidatul Sarmiza Abdul Halim
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6UB Reading, UK
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical & Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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42
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Therapeutic role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in adult male albino rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000508456.99217.6e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Cóndor JM, Rodrigues CE, Sousa Moreira RD, Canale D, Volpini RA, Shimizu MHM, Camara NOS, Noronha IDL, Andrade L. Treatment With Human Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Kidney Injury, Liver Injury, and Endothelial Dysfunction. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1048-57. [PMID: 27280799 PMCID: PMC4954445 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : The pathophysiology of sepsis involves complex cytokine and inflammatory mediator networks. Downregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase contributes to sepsis-induced endothelial dysfunction. Human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are known to reduce expression of proinflammatory cytokines and markers of apoptosis. We hypothesized that treatment with WJ-MSCs would protect renal, hepatic, and endothelial function in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis in rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated rats; rats submitted to CLP and left untreated; and rats submitted to CLP and intraperitoneally injected, 6 hours later, with 1 × 10(6) WJ-MSCs. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured at 6 and 24 hours after CLP or sham surgery. All other studies were conducted at 24 hours after CLP or sham surgery. By 6 hours, GFR had decreased in the CLP rats. At 24 hours, Klotho renal expression significantly decreased. Treatment with WJ-MSCs improved the GFR; improved tubular function; decreased the CD68-positive cell count; decreased the fractional interstitial area; decreased expression of nuclear factor κB and of cytokines; increased expression of eNOS, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Klotho; attenuated renal apoptosis; ameliorated hepatic function; increased glycogen deposition in the liver; and improved survival. Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury is a state of Klotho deficiency, which WJ-MSCs can attenuate. Klotho protein expression was higher in WJ-MSCs than in human adipose-derived MSCs. Because WJ-MSCs preserve renal and hepatic function, they might play a protective role in sepsis. SIGNIFICANCE Sepsis is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. Although many different treatments for sepsis have been tested, sepsis-related mortality rates remain high. It was hypothesized in this study that treatment with human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) would protect renal, hepatic, and endothelial function in a model of sepsis in rats. Treatment with WJ-MSCs improved the glomerular filtration rate, improved tubular function, decreased expression of nuclear factor κB and of cytokines, increased expression of eNOS and of Klotho, attenuated renal apoptosis, and improved survival. Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury is a state of Klotho deficiency, which WJ-MSCs can attenuate.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Cóndor
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil School of Medical Technology, National University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Daniele Canale
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rildo A Volpini
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Niels O S Camara
- Immunology Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lúcia Andrade
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Malanga G, Abdelshahed D, Jayaram P. Orthobiologic Interventions Using Ultrasound Guidance. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2016; 27:717-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Yao Y, Huang C, Gu P, Wen T. Combined MSC-Secreted Factors and Neural Stem Cell Transplantation Promote Functional Recovery of PD Rats. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:1101-13. [DOI: 10.3727/096368915x689938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation has enormous potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted much attention because they can secrete a wide variety of cellular factors that promote cell growth. In this study, we prepared a conditioned medium (CM) using lyophilized MSC culture medium that contained the secretome of MSCs and applied this CM to the culture of neural stem cells (CM-NSCs) for the transplantation of PD model rats. Quantitative realtime PCR, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry were used to identify cell differentiation and expression of dopaminergic neuron-specific genes in vitro. Behavioral tests including rotational behavior and MWM training tests were also performed to assess the recovery. Our results indicated that combined treatment of CM and neural stem cell transplantation can significantly reduce apomorphine-induced rotational asymmetry and improve spatial learning ability. The CM-NSCs were able to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and medial forebrain bundle (MFB), and migrated around the lesion site. They showed a higher activity than untreated NSCs in cell survival, migration, and behavior improvement in the dopa-deficit rat model. These findings suggest that the neural stem cells treated with conditioned medium possess a great potential as a graft candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tieqiao Wen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Lee SC, Jeong HJ, Lee SK, Kim SJ. Hypoxic Conditioned Medium From Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promotes Mouse Liver Regeneration Through JAK/STAT3 Signaling. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:816-25. [PMID: 27102647 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) mainly exert their function by secreting materials that are collectively termed the secretome. Despite recent attention to the secretome as an alternative to stem cell therapy, the culture conditions for generating optimal secretome contents have not been determined. Therefore, we investigated the role of hypoxic-conditioned media (HCM) from ASCs. Normoxic-conditioned media (NCM) and HCM were obtained after culturing ASCs in 20% O2 or 1% O2 for 24 hours, respectively. Subsequently, partially hepatectomized mice were infused with saline, control medium, NCM, or HCM, and then sera and liver specimens were obtained for analyses. Hypoxia (1% O2) significantly increased mRNA expression of mediators from ASCs, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). HCM infusion significantly increased the number of Ki67-positive cells in the liver (p < .05). HCM infusion significantly increased phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and decreased suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) expression in the liver (p < .05). To determine the role of IL-6 in liver regeneration, we then performed IL-6 RNA interference study. Conditioned media (CM) obtained from ASCs, which were transfected with either siIL-6 or siControl, were administered to partially hepatectomized mice. The siIL-6 CM groups exhibited lower liver proliferation (Ki67-positive cells) and markers of regeneration (protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p-STAT3, HGF, and VEGF and liver weights) than the siControl CM groups (p < .05). Taken together, hypoxic preconditioning of ASCs increased expression of mediators promoting anti-inflammatory and regenerative responses. The liver regenerative effects of HCM appear to be mediated by persistent and uninhibited expression of STAT3 in the liver, which results from decreased expression of SOCS3. SIGNIFICANCE In this study, it was found that treatment with the medium from hypoxic-preconditioned adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) increased the viability of hepatotoxic hepatocytes and enhance liver regeneration in partially hepatectomized mice. In addition, the researchers first revealed that the hepatoprotective effects of hypoxic-conditioned media are mediated by persistent and uninhibited expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in the liver, which result from a decreased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3. Therefore, the hypoxic preconditioning of ASCs is expected to play a crucial role in regenerative medicine by optimizing the production of a highly effective secretome from ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Lee
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kuon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Say-June Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kim JS, Cha SH, Kim WS, Han SJ, Cha SB, Kim HM, Kwon KW, Kim SJ, Choi HH, Lee J, Cho SN, Koh WJ, Park YM, Shin SJ. A Novel Therapeutic Approach Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Protect Against Mycobacterium abscessus. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1957-70. [PMID: 26946350 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of acute inflammatory injury and bacterial pneumonia, but their therapeutic applications in mycobacterial infections have not been investigated. In this study, we demonstrated the use of MSCs as a novel therapeutic strategy against Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus), which is the most drug-resistant and difficult-to-treat mycobacterial pathogen. The systemic intravenous injection of MSCs not only improved mouse survival but also enhanced bacterial clearance in the lungs and spleen. Additionally, MSCs enhanced IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 production and facilitated CD4(+) /CD8(+) T cell, CD11b(high) macrophage, and monocyte recruitment in the lungs of M. abscessus-infected mice. To precisely elucidate the functions of MSCs in M. abscessus infection, an in vitro macrophage infection system was used. MSCs caused markedly increased NO production via NF-κB activation in M. abscessus-infected macrophages cultured in the presence of IFN-γ. Inhibiting NO or NF-κB signaling using specific inhibitors reduced the antimycobacterial activity of MSCs. Furthermore, the cellular crosstalk between TNF-α released from IFN-γ-stimulated M. abscessus-infected macrophages and PGE2 produced by MSCs was necessary for the mycobacterial-killing activity of the macrophages. Finally, the importance of increased NO production in response to MSC administration was confirmed in the mouse M. abscessus infection model. Our results suggest that MSCs may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating this drug-resistant mycobacterial infection by enhancing the bacterial-killing power of macrophages. Stem Cells 2016;34:1957-1970.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Seok Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Cha
- Animal Stem Cells Research Lab, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Woo Sik Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Jung Han
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Bin Cha
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee Woong Kwon
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Jeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jienny Lee
- Animal Stem Cells Research Lab, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Nae Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Jung Koh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Department of Immunology, Lab of Dendritic Cell Differentiation & Regulation, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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McIntyre LA, Moher D, Fergusson DA, Sullivan KJ, Mei SHJ, Lalu M, Marshall J, Mcleod M, Griffin G, Grimshaw J, Turgeon A, Avey MT, Rudnicki MA, Jazi M, Fishman J, Stewart DJ. Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Acute Lung Injury in Preclinical Animal Models: A Systematic Review. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147170. [PMID: 26821255 PMCID: PMC4731557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical condition that is associated with a 30–40% risk of death, and significant long term morbidity for those who survive. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have emerged as a potential novel treatment as in pre-clinical models they have been shown to modulate inflammation (a major pathophysiological hallmark of ARDS) while enhancing bacterial clearance and reducing organ injury and death. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS and Web of Science was performed to identify pre-clinical studies that examined the efficacy MSCs as compared to diseased controls for the treatment of Acute Lung Injury (ALI) (the pre-clinical correlate of human ARDS) on mortality, a clinically relevant outcome. We assessed study quality and pooled results using random effect meta-analysis. A total of 54 publications met our inclusion criteria of which 17 (21 experiments) reported mortality and were included in the meta-analysis. Treatment with MSCs, as compared to controls, significantly decreased the overall odds of death in animals with ALI (Odds Ratio 0.24, 95% Confidence Interval 0.18–0.34, I2 8%). Efficacy was maintained across different types of animal models and means of ALI induction; MSC origin, source, route of administration and preparation; and the clinical relevance of the model (timing of MSC administration, administration of fluids and or antibiotics). Reporting of standard MSC characterization for experiments that used human MSCs and risks of bias was generally poor, and although not statistically significant, a funnel plot analysis for overall mortality suggested the presence of publication bias. The results from our meta-analysis support that MSCs substantially reduce the odds of death in animal models of ALI but important reporting elements were sub optimal and limit the strength of our conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauralyn A. McIntyre
- Department of Medicine (Division of Critical Care), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - David Moher
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean A. Fergusson
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Manoj Lalu
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Marshall
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michaels Hospital, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malcolm Mcleod
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Gilly Griffin
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Grimshaw
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexis Turgeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practice Research Unit (Trauma—Emergency—Critical Care Medicine), CHU de Québec Research Center, CHU de Québec (Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus), Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc T. Avey
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A. Rudnicki
- Department of Medicine (Division of Critical Care), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jason Fishman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Université Laval, Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Reactions in Macrophages and Endothelial Cells. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:2631439. [PMID: 27057093 PMCID: PMC4746395 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2631439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) accompanied by trauma can lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even death. Early inhibition of the inflammation is necessary for damage control. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), as a novel therapy modality, have been shown to reduce inflammatory responses in human and animal models. Methods. In this study, we used Western blot, quantitative PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the activity of BMSCs to suppress the inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs) and alveolar macrophages. Results. Our results demonstrated that LPS caused an inflammatory response in alveolar macrophages and HUVECs, increased permeability of HUVEC, upregulated expression of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4, phosphorylated p65, downregulated release of IL10, and promoted release of TNF-α in both cells. Coculture with BMSCs attenuated all of these activities induced by LPS in the two tested cell types. Conclusions. Together, our results demonstrate that BMSCs dosage dependently attenuates the inflammation damage of alveolar macrophages and HUVECs induced by LPS.
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50
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Coulson-Thomas VJ, Coulson-Thomas YM, Gesteira TF, Kao WWY. Extrinsic and Intrinsic Mechanisms by Which Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress the Immune System. Ocul Surf 2016; 14:121-34. [PMID: 26804815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a group of fibroblast-like multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells that have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs possess a unique ability to exert suppressive and regulatory effects on both adaptive and innate immunity in an autologous and allogeneic manner. A vital step in stem cell transplantation is overcoming the potential graft-versus-host disease, which is a limiting factor to transplantation success. Given that MSCs attain powerful differentiation capabilities and also present immunosuppressive properties, which enable them to survive host immune rejection, MSCs are of great interest. Due to their ability to differentiate into different cell types and to suppress and modulate the immune system, MSCs are being developed for treating a plethora of diseases, including immune disorders. Moreover, in recent years, MSCs have been genetically engineered to treat and sometimes even cure some diseases, and the use of MSCs for cell therapy presents new perspectives for overcoming tissue rejection. In this review, we discuss the potential extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms that underlie MSCs' unique ability to modulate inflammation, and both innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien J Coulson-Thomas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | | | - Winston W-Y Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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