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Rojas-Solé C, Pinilla-González V, Lillo-Moya J, González-Fernández T, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Integrated approach to reducing polypharmacy in older people: exploring the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential therapy. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2289740. [PMID: 38108325 PMCID: PMC10732214 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2289740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy, attributed to improved access to healthcare and drug development, has led to an increase in multimorbidity, a key contributor to polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is characterised by its association with a variety of adverse events in the older persons. The mechanisms involved in the development of age-related chronic diseases are largely unknown; however, altered redox homeostasis due to ageing is one of the main theories. In this context, the present review explores the development and interaction between different age-related diseases, mainly linked by oxidative stress. In addition, drug interactions in the treatment of various diseases are described, emphasising that the holistic management of older people and their pathologies should prevail over the individual treatment of each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Rojas-Solé
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Pinilla-González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Lillo-Moya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tommy González-Fernández
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Heidari N, Sandeman S, Dymond M, Rogers C, Ostler EL, Faragher RG. Resveralogues protect HepG2 cells against cellular senescence induced by hepatotoxic metabolites. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111938. [PMID: 38744411 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Progressive liver disease and dysfunction cause toxic metabolites including ammonia and unconjugated bilirubin to accumulate in plasma. As the population ages alternatives to liver transplantation become increasingly important. One approach for use as a bridge to transplant or recovery is the use of bioartificial liver systems (BALS) containing primary or immortalised hepatocytes as ex-vivo replacements or supports for endogenous liver function. However, exposure to the hepatotoxic metabolites present in plasma causes the rapid failure of these cells to carry out their primary metabolic functions despite remaining viable. Hypothesizing that this loss of core hepatocyte phenotypes was caused by cell senescence we exposed HepG2 cell populations, grown in both standard two-dimensional tissue culture systems and in three dimensional cultures on novel alginate modified HEMA-MBA cryogels, to physiologically reflective concentrations of hepatotoxic metabolites and cytokines. HepG2 cells are forced into senescence by the toxic metabolites in under six hours (as measured by loss of thymidine analog incorporation or detectable Ki67 staining) which is associated with a ten to twenty-fold reduction in the capacity of the cultures to synthesise albumin or urea. This state of senescence induced by liver toxins (SILT) can be prevented by preincubation with either 2-5 µM resveratrol, its major in vivo metabolite dihydroresveratrol or a series of novel resveralogues with differential capacities to scavenge radicals and activate SIRT1 (including V29 which does not interact with the protein). SILT appears to be a previously unrecognised barrier to the development of BALS which can now be overcome using small molecules that are safe for human use at concentrations readily achievable in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Heidari
- Centre for Stress and Age-related Disease, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ
| | - Susan Sandeman
- Centre for Stress and Age-related Disease, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ
| | - Marcus Dymond
- Centre for Stress and Age-related Disease, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ
| | - Chloe Rogers
- Centre for Stress and Age-related Disease, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ
| | - Elizabeth L Ostler
- Centre for Stress and Age-related Disease, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ; College of Optometrists, 41-42 Craven Street, London WC2, England
| | - Richard Ga Faragher
- Centre for Stress and Age-related Disease, Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Devices, Huxley Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ.
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Zhang W, Jin YN, Sun C, Zhang XF, Li RQ, Yin Q, Chen JJ, Zhuge YZ. Development and validation of a predictive model for acute-on-chronic liver failure after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:1301-1310. [PMID: 38817303 PMCID: PMC11135315 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i5.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). AIM To investigate the risk factors of ACLF within 1 year after TIPS in patients with cirrhosis and construct a prediction model. METHODS In total, 379 patients with decompensated cirrhosis treated with TIPS at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2017 to 2020 were selected as the training cohort, and 123 patients from Nanfang Hospital were included in the external validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors. The prediction model was established based on the Akaike information criterion. Internal and external validation were conducted to assess the performance of the model. RESULTS Age and total bilirubin (TBil) were independent risk factors for the incidence of ACLF within 1 year after TIPS. We developed a prediction model comprising age, TBil, and serum sodium, which demonstrated good discrimination and calibration in both the training cohort and the external validation cohort. CONCLUSION Age and TBil are independent risk factors for the incidence of ACLF within 1 year after TIPS in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Our model showed satisfying predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya-Ni Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhang
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui-Qi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin-Jun Chen
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Zheng Zhuge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wei C, Li X, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Yuan Q. Does the liver facilitate aging-related cognitive impairment: Conversation between liver and brain during exercise? J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38704693 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Liver, an important regulator of metabolic homeostasis, is critical for healthy brain function. In particular, age-related neurodegenerative diseases seriously reduce the quality of life for the elderly. As population aging progresses rapidly, unraveling the mechanisms that effectively delay aging has become critical. Appropriate exercise is reported to improve aging-related cognitive impairment. Whereas current studies focused on exploring the effect of exercise on the aging brain itself, ignoring the persistent effects of peripheral organs on the brain through the blood circulation. The aim of this paper is to summarize the communication and aging processes of the liver and brain and to emphasize the metabolic mechanisms of the liver-brain axis about exercise ameliorating aging-related neurodegenerative diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the potential mechanisms about exercise ameliorating aging is critical for improving adaptation to age-related brain changes and formulating effective interventions against age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changling Wei
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Jin
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanting Zhang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiongjia Yuan
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Monteiro KKDS, Tomazoni SS, Albuquerque Pontes GM, Teixeira AM, Agra FADA, Alvim CB, Medeiros Brigato SL, Marcos RL, Dellê H, Serra AJ, Leal-Junior ECP. Effects of Short-, Medium-, and Long-Term Treatment Using Photobiomodulation Therapy Combined with Static Magnetic Field in Aging Rats. Biomedicines 2024; 12:990. [PMID: 38790953 PMCID: PMC11117574 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: We investigated the detrimental and protective effects of short-, medium, and long-term treatment with different doses of photobiomodulation therapy combined with static magnetic field (PBMT-sMF) during the aging process. (2) Methods: Rats were treated for 15, 30, and 60 weeks with 1, 3, 10, and 30 J of PBMT-sMF or a placebo control. In addition, eight young rats were not subjected to any procedure or treatment and were euthanized at six weeks old. Skin, muscle, bone, kidney, liver, and blood samples were analyzed. (3) Results: No differences between the groups in the morphology of the skin, muscle, and bone was observed. Glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels were increased in the placebo group after 30 and 60 weeks. Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase levels were also increased in the placebo group after 30 weeks. An increase in creatinine in the PBMT-sMF 3, 10, and 30 J groups compared with that in the young control group was observed. No significant difference in urea levels between the groups was noted. Vascular endothelial growth factor increased in the PBMT-sMF 10 and 30 J groups after 15 weeks of treatment and in the PBMT-sMF 3 J after 60 weeks. Finally, vascular endothelial growth factor decreased in the PBMT-sMF 30 J group after 30 weeks of treatment. (4) Conclusions: PBMT-sMF did not have detrimental effects on the skin, muscle, bone, kidney, or liver after short-, medium-, and long-term treatments in aging rats. In addition, PBMT-sMF may have protective effects on the muscle tissue in aging rats after short- and long-term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadma Karênina Damasceno Soares Monteiro
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | | | - Gianna Móes Albuquerque Pontes
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Adeilson Matias Teixeira
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Aparecida de Araújo Agra
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Carolina Barros Alvim
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Sâmela Lopes Medeiros Brigato
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Labat Marcos
- Post-Graduate Program in Biophotonics, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Humberto Dellê
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Post-Graduate Program in Cardiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior
- Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
- ELJ Consultancy, São Paulo 04076-000, Brazil
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Cohen EB, Patwardhan M, Raheja R, Alpers DH, Andrade RJ, Avigan MI, Lewis JH, Rockey DC, Chui F, Iacob AM, Linardi CC, Regev A, Shick J, Lucena MI. Drug-Induced Liver Injury in the Elderly: Consensus Statements and Recommendations from the IQ-DILI Initiative. Drug Saf 2024; 47:301-319. [PMID: 38217833 PMCID: PMC10954848 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-023-01390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The elderly demographic is the fastest-growing segment of the world's population and is projected to exceed 1.5 billion people by 2050. With multimorbidity, polypharmacy, susceptibility to drug-drug interactions, and frailty as distinct risk factors, elderly patients are especially vulnerable to developing potentially life-threatening safety events such as serious forms of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). It has been a longstanding shortcoming that elderly individuals are often a vulnerable population underrepresented in clinical trials. As such, an improved understanding of DILI in the elderly is a high-priority, unmet need. This challenge is underscored by recent documents put forward by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) that encourage data collection in the elderly and recommend improved practices that will facilitate a more inclusive approach. To establish what is already known about DILI in the elderly and pinpoint key gaps of knowledge in this arena, a working definition of "elderly" is required that accounts for both chronologic and biologic ages and varying states of frailty. In addition, it is critical to characterize the biological role of aging on liver function, as well as the different epidemiological factors such as polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing that are common practices. While data may not show that elderly people are more susceptible to DILI, DILI due to specific drugs might be more common in this population. Improved characterization of DILI in the elderly may enhance diagnostic and prognostic capabilities and improve the way in which liver safety is monitored during clinical trials. This summary of the published literature provides a framework to understand and evaluate the risk of DILI in the elderly. Consensus statements and recommendations can help to optimize medical care and catalyze collaborations between academic clinicians, drug manufacturers, and regulatory scientists to enable the generation of high-quality research data relevant to the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Cohen
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Meenal Patwardhan
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ritu Raheja
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David H Alpers
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Raul J Andrade
- Department of Medicine, IBIMA_Plataforma Bionand, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Mark I Avigan
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - James H Lewis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Don C Rockey
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Francis Chui
- Pharmacovigilance, Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - Alexandru M Iacob
- Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, AbbVie Inc., Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Camila C Linardi
- Translational Medicine, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals LLC, Whippany, NJ, USA
| | - Arie Regev
- Global Patient Safety, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jesse Shick
- Pharmacovigilance, Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - M Isabel Lucena
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, IBIMA_Plataforma Bionand, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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Xu L, Wang W, Xu Y. A new risk calculation model for complications of hepatectomy in adults over 75. Perioper Med (Lond) 2024; 13:10. [PMID: 38409071 PMCID: PMC10898145 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-024-00366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to poor organ function reserve, older adults have a high risk of postoperative complications. However, there is no well-established system for assessing the risk of complications after hepatectomy in older adults. METHODS This study aimed to design a risk assessment tool to predict the risk of complications after hepatectomy in adults older than 75 years. A total of 326 patients were identified. A logistic regression equation was used to create the Risk Assessment System of Hepatectomy in Adults (RASHA) for the prediction of complications (Clavien‒Dindo classification ≥ II). RESULTS Multivariate correlation analysis revealed that comorbidity (≥ 5 kinds of disease or < 5 kinds of disease, odds ratio [OR] = 5.552, P < 0.001), fatigue (yes or no, OR = 4.630, P = 0.009), Child‒Pugh (B or A, OR = 4.211, P = 0.004), number of liver segments to be removed (≥ 3 or ≤ 2, OR = 4.101, P = 0.001), and adjacent organ resection (yes or no, OR = 1.523, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors for postoperative complications after hepatectomy in older persons (aged ≥ 75 years). A binomial logistic regression model was established to evaluate the RASHA score (including the RASHA scale and RASHA formula). The area under the curve (AUC) for the RASHA scale was 0.916, and the cut-off value was 12.5. The AUC for the RASHA formula was 0.801, and the cut-off value was 0.2106. CONCLUSION RASHA can be used to effectively predict the postoperative complications of hepatectomy through perioperative variables in adults older than 75 years. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Research Registry: researchregistry8531. https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#home/registrationdetails/63901824ae49230021a5a0cf/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lining Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology On Transplantation, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
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Linh NN, Huong NTM, Dai DN, Giang NTA, Huong LT, Thuy TTT, Son NT. Camellia annamensis (Theaceae): phytochemical analysis, cytotoxic, antioxidative, and antimicrobial activities. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38225908 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2302900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cytotoxic, antioxidative, and antimicrobial activities of Camellia annamensis, and its chemical compositions were first provided in the current study. Phenolic contents in the methanol extracts of its leaves and flowers were 222.73 ± 0.09 and 64.44 ± 0.08 mg GAE/g extract, whereas flavonoid contents in these parts were 108.80 ± 0.28 and 131.26 ± 0.39 mg rutin/g extract, respectively. By using HPLC-DAD analysis, gallic acid (43.72 ± 0.09 - 81.89 ± 1.83 mg/g) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (67.31 ± 1.26 - 70.68 ± 7.82 mg/g) were identified as the major compounds. C. annamensis leaf and flower extracts were moderately cytotoxic against A549, HT-29, SK-Mel-2, MCF-7, HepG2, HeLa, and MKN-7. Particularly, they are better than the standards trolox (IC50 7.57 ± 0.23 µg/mL) in lipid peroxidation inhibitory evaluation, and streptomycin (IC50/MIC = 45.34-50.34/128-256 µg/mL) in antimicrobial assay against the Gram-positive bacteria Enterococcus faecalis ATCC299212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, and the Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica ATCC13076.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ngoc Linh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Thanh Do University, Hoai Duc, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Mai Huong
- Faculty of Food Technology, University of Economics-Technology for Industry, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Do Ngoc Dai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Nghean University of Economics, Vinh, Nghean, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi An Giang
- Faculty of Biology, College of Education, Vinh University, Vinh, Nghean, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Huong
- Faculty of Biology, College of Education, Vinh University, Vinh, Nghean, Vietnam
| | - Ta Thi Thu Thuy
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Ha Noi Open University, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy Science and Technology (VAST), Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Wang X, Liu H, Wang P, Wang Y, Yi Y, Li X. A nomogram for analyzing risk factors of poor treatment response in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:113-119. [PMID: 37942733 PMCID: PMC10695339 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify biochemical and clinical predictors of poor response (including incomplete response and non-response) to standard treatment in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) patients. METHODS This study retrospectively collected clinical data from 297 patients who were first diagnosed with AIH in Beijing Ditan Hospital from 2010 to 2019. Finally, 149 patients were screened out. Risk factors were screened by univariate and multifactorial logistic regression. Then they were used to establish the nomogram. The ROC curve, calibration curve, decision curves analysis (DCA) and clinical impact curves (CIC) were used to evaluate the nomogram. RESULTS 149 patients were divided into two groups: the response group (n = 120, 80%) and the poor response group (n = 29, 20%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that IgG > 26.5 g/L (OR: 22.016; 95% CI: 4.677-103.640) in AIH patients increased the risk. In contrast, treatment response status was better in women (OR: 0.085; 95% CI: 0.015-0.497) aged >60 years (OR: 0.159; 95% CI: 0.045-0.564) with AST > 4.49 × ULN (OR: 0.066; 95% CI: 0.009-0.494). The C index (0.853) and the calibration curve show that the nomogram is well differentiated and calibrated; the DCA and CIC indicate that the model has good clinical benefits and implications. CONCLUSION The study found that male patients aged ≤ 60 years with IgG > 26.5 g/L and elevated AST ≤ 4.49 × ULN were more likely to have a non-response/incomplete response to standard treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital
| | - Hui Liu
- Center of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Yuqi Wang
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Yunyun Yi
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital
- Center of Integrative Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University
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10
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Ezhilarasan D, Shree Harini K, Karthick M, Selvaraj C. Ethyl gallate concurrent administration protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice: An in vivo and in silico approach. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14369. [PMID: 37817304 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) in high doses causes acute liver injury and acute liver failure. Ethyl gallate (EG) is a natural polyphenol, possessing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the protective role of EG against APAP-induced acute liver injury in mice. Acute liver injury was induced by a single dose of APAP (400 mg/kg., i.p.). In separate groups, EG (10 mg/kg), EG (20 mg/kg), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC; 1200 mg/kg., i.p.) were administered concurrently with APAP. The mice were sacrificed after 24 h of treatment. Liver marker enzymes of hepatotoxicity, antioxidant markers, inflammatory markers, and histopathological studies were done. APAP administration caused a significant elevation of marker enzymes of hepatotoxicity and lipid peroxidation. APAP administration also decreased enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants. Acute APAP intoxication induced nuclear factor κ B, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1, p65, and p52 and downregulated IκB gene expressions. Our histopathological studies have confirmed the presence of centrilobular necrosis, 24 h after APAP intoxication. All the above abnormalities were significantly inhibited in groups of mice that were concurrently administered with APAP + EG and APAP + NAC. Our in silico analysis further confirms that hydroxyl groups of EG interact with the above inflammatory proteins at the 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid region. These effects of EG against APAP-induced acute liver injury could be attributed to its antioxidative, free radical scavenging, and anti-inflammatory potentials. Therefore, this study suggests that EG can be an efficient therapeutic approach to protect the liver from APAP intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology and Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology and Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Munusamy Karthick
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology and Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, Hepatology and Molecular Medicine Lab, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence and Molecular Modelling, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
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11
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Hormozi A, Hasanzadeh S, Ebrahimi F, Daei N, Hajimortezayi Z, Mehdizadeh A, Zamani M. Treatment with Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Window of Healing Science in Regenerative Medicine. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:879-893. [PMID: 37622719 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230824165014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted on the potential applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) over recent years due to their growing importance in regenerative medicine. Exosomes are considered cargos capable of transporting proteins, peptides, lipids, mRNAs, and growth factors. MSCsderived exosomes are also involved in the prevention or treatment of a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, skin disorders, lung diseases, osteoarthritis, damaged tissue repair, and other diseases. This review attempted to summarize the importance of employing MSCs in regenerative medicine by gathering and evaluating information from current literature. The role of MSCs and the potential applications of MSCs-derived exosomes have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Hormozi
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Sajedeh Hasanzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Narges Daei
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajimortezayi
- Student Research Committee, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Georgieva M, Xenodochidis C, Krasteva N. Old age as a risk factor for liver diseases: Modern therapeutic approaches. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112334. [PMID: 37977514 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent scientific interest has been directed towards age-related diseases, driven by the significant increase in global life expectancy and the growing population of individuals aged 65 and above. The ageing process encompasses various biological, physiological, environmental, psychological, behavioural, and social changes, leading to an augmented susceptibility to chronic illnesses. Cardiovascular, neurological, musculoskeletal, liver and oncological diseases are prevalent in the elderly. Moreover, ageing individuals demonstrate reduced regenerative capacity and decreased tolerance towards therapeutic interventions, including organ transplantation. Liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, have emerged as significant public health concerns. Paradoxically, these conditions remain underestimated despite their substantial global impact. Age-related factors are closely associated with the severity and unfavorable prognosis of various liver diseases, warranting further investigation to enhance clinical management and develop novel therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review focuses specifically on age-related liver diseases, their treatment strategies, and contemporary practices. It provides a detailed account of the global burden, types, molecular mechanisms, and epigenetic alterations underlying these liver pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Georgieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Charilaos Xenodochidis
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Borkowski P, Nazarenko N, Mangeshkar S, Borkowska N, Singh N, Garg V, Parker M, Naser AM. Atrial Flutter in the Elderly Patient: The Growing Role of Ablation in Treatment. Cureus 2023; 15:e50096. [PMID: 38186540 PMCID: PMC10770799 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of atrial flutter (AFL) is increasing among the elderly population, and managing this condition presents specific challenges within this demographic. As patients age, they often exhibit reduced responsiveness to conservative treatment, necessitating a more invasive approach. We present a case of a 93-year-old female who presented to the hospital with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and AFL. A year prior, she was diagnosed with arrhythmia-induced cardiomyopathy. Despite recovering her ejection fraction (EF) through guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), her EF deteriorated again. The patient declined invasive management for her arrhythmia on multiple occasions. Managing such patients is challenging since the approach with pharmacotherapy alone often fails to maintain sinus rhythm or adequately control the ventricular rate. Growing evidence shows that invasive management, especially ablation, may be a safe and effective procedure for this patient population. Furthermore, the studies suggest that ablation may yield particular benefits for patients with simultaneous heart failure and atrial fibrillation/AFL (AF/AFL). Unfortunately, limited data exist regarding the invasive management of AFL in the elderly. Therefore, this case report aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of ablation as a therapeutic option for AFL in elderly patients, with a particular focus on how patients with concomitant heart failure may benefit from ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Borkowski
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Natalia Nazarenko
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Shaunak Mangeshkar
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Natalia Borkowska
- Pediatrics, Samodzielny Publiczny Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej (SPZOZ), Krotoszyn, POL
| | - Nikita Singh
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Vibhor Garg
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Matthew Parker
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Ahmad Moayad Naser
- Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, New York, USA
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14
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Naganuma H, Ishida H. Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Non-Fibrotic Liver: A Narrative Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3426. [PMID: 37998562 PMCID: PMC10670297 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a non-fibrotic liver (F0) is considered to be rare, and there is a marked paucity of studies in the literature on this HCC type. A review of the literature shows some important clinical and tumor characteristics: (a) it occurs mainly in young female and elder male patients; (b) clinically, under normal hepatic function, alpha-fetoprotein level is often normal, and there are no risk factors; (c) associated with metabolic disease; (d) macroscopically, single large lesions are noted; and (e) microscopically, the lesions are well-differentiated and encapsulated. Radiological imaging results are straightforward, showing arterial hyperenhancement and later wash-out. The combined use of B-mode and contrast-enhanced (CE) ultrasound (US) is the most reliable and cost-effective diagnostic method. Few peri-and post-operative complications are noted and 5-year survival is not inferior to patients with HCC on fibrosis liver despite the lesion's large size. Most clinicians believe that HCC is unlikely to occur if patients have no symptoms and normal hepatic function. Although detailed clinical data are very limited, we expect that this review will help to improve the clinical management of HCC in non-fibrotic livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Naganuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokote Municipal Hospital, Negishi-cho 5-31, Yokote City 013-8602, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Kamikitate Saruta aza Naeshirosawa 222-1, Akita City 010-1495, Japan
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15
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Robinson T, Vargas PA, Oberholzer J, Pelletier S, Goldaracena N. Survival after LDLT in recipients ≥70 years old in the United States. An OPTN/UNOS liver transplant registry analysis. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e15099. [PMID: 37589889 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in the elderly population is currently not well studied. There are single-center studies indicating that patient age should not be a barrier to LDLT, with similar outcomes compared to younger recipients. METHODS Using UNOS/STAR data from 2010 to 2022 we retrospectively analyzed patients ≥70 years old receiving a living donor graft (LDLT ≥70y group) versus a deceased donor graft (DDLT ≥70y group). In addition, we compared recipients ≥70 years old undergoing LDLT versus patients 18-69 years old also undergoing LDLT. Donor and recipient baseline characteristics, as well as postoperative outcomes including graft and patient survival were analyzed and compared between groups. RESULTS Recipients in the LDLT ≥70y group showed less disease burden and spent significantly less time on the waitlist when compared to recipients in the DDLT ≥70y group (102 [49-201] days versus 170 [36-336] days) respectively; p = .004. With the exception of a longer length of stay (LOS) in the LDLT ≥70y group (p ≤ .001), postoperative outcomes were comparable with recipients in the DDLT ≥70y group, including similar graft and patient survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5-years. When compared to younger recipients of a graft from a living donor, patients in the LDLT ≥70y group had similar post-transplant functional status, re-transplant rates and similar causes contributing to graft failure. However, significantly lower graft and patient survival rates were observed. CONCLUSION LDLT for recipients aged 70 or greater represents a faster access to transplantation in a safe and feasible manner when compared to similar- aged recipients undergoing DDLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd Robinson
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Paola A Vargas
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jose Oberholzer
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Shawn Pelletier
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicolas Goldaracena
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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16
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Ye E, Wu K, Ye H, Zhang W, Chu L, Zhang K, Xie G, Jin Y, Fang X. Comparison of 95% effective dose of remimazolam besylate and propofol for gastroscopy sedation on older patients: A single-centre randomized controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 89:3401-3410. [PMID: 37387195 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Advanced age is an important risk factor for adverse events during procedural sedation. Remimazolam is safe and effective in gastroscopic sedation. However, the ideal dose and application for older patients are not well known. We aim to investigate its 95% effective dose (ED95) for older patients undergoing gastroscopy and to assess its safety and efficacy, with propofol as the comparison. METHODS The trial consists of 2 parts, patients aged >65 years and scheduled for outpatient painless gastroscopy were enrolled. In the first part, Dixon's up-and-down methodology was used to determine the ED95 of remimazolam besylate and propofol for gastroscopic insertion, in combination with 0.2 μg/kg remifentanil. In the second part, patients in each group received 0.2 μg/kg remifentanil and ED95 dose of the study drugs for sedation induction, supplemental doses were added to maintain sedation depth when necessary. The primary outcome was the incidence of adverse events. The secondary outcome was the recovery time. RESULTS The ED95 of remimazolam besylate and propofol induction were 0.2039 (95% confidence interval 0.1753-0.3896) mg/kg and 1.9733 (95% confidence interval 1.7346-3.7021) mg/kg respectively. Adverse events were reported in 26 (40.6%) patients in the remimazolam group and 54 (83.1%) in the propofol group (P < .0001), whereas the remimazolam group presented a higher incidence of hiccups (P = .0169). Besides, the median time to awakening was approximately 1 min shorter with remimazolam than with propofol (P < .05). CONCLUSION For older patients undergoing gastroscopy, the ED95 dose of remimazolam is a safer alternative than propofol when inducing the same sedation depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enci Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keyang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihua Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guohao Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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17
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Castilla‐Ojo N, Turkson‐Ocran R, Conlin PR, Appel LJ, Miller ER, Juraschek SP. Effects of the DASH diet and losartan on serum urate among adults with hypertension: Results of a randomized trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:915-922. [PMID: 37695134 PMCID: PMC10560966 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Serum urate is a risk factor for hypertension and gout. The DASH diet and losartan independently lower blood pressure (BP); however, their effects on serum urate are understudied. We performed a post-hoc analysis of the DASH-losartan trial, which randomized participants with hypertension in parallel fashion to the DASH diet or a standard American diet (control) and in crossover fashion to 4-week losartan or placebo. Serum urate was measured at baseline and after each 4-week period. Diets were designed to maintain weight constant. We examined the effects of DASH (vs control) and/or losartan (vs placebo) on serum urate, overall and among those with baseline serum urate ≥6 mg/dL, using generalized estimating equations. Of 55 participants (mean age 52 years, 58% women, 64% Black), mean (±SD) baseline ambulatory SBP/DBP was 146±12/91±9 and mean (±SD) serum urate was 5.2±1.2 mg/dL. The DASH diet did not significantly reduce urate levels overall (mean difference -0.05 mg/dL; 95%CI: -0.39, 0.28), but did decrease levels among participants with baseline hyperuricemia (-0.33 mg/dL; 95%CI: -0.87, 0.21; P-interaction=0.007 across hyperuricemia groups). Losartan significantly decreased serum urate (-0.23 mg/dL; 95%CI: -0.40, -0.05) with greater effects on serum urate among adults <60 years old versus adults ≥60 years old (-0.33 mg/dL vs 0.16 mg/dL, P interaction = 0.003). In summary, the DASH diet significantly decreased serum urate among participants with higher urate at baseline, while losartan significantly reduced serum urate, especially among younger adults. Future research should examine the effects of these interventions in patients with hyperuricemia or gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle Castilla‐Ojo
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolDivision of General MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Paul R. Conlin
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- VA Boston Healthcare SystemWest RoxburyMassachusettsUSA
| | - Lawrence J. Appel
- Johns Hopkins UniversitySchool of MedicineDepartment of MedicineDivision of General Internal MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Edgar R. Miller
- Johns Hopkins UniversitySchool of MedicineDepartment of MedicineDivision of General Internal MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Stephen P. Juraschek
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolDivision of General MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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18
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Feng Q, Xia W, Feng Z, Tan Y, Zhang Y, Liu D, Zhang G. The accelerated organ senescence and proteotoxicity in thyrotoxicosis mice. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2481-2498. [PMID: 37750538 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of aging has always been the focus of research, because aging is related to disease susceptibility and seriously affects people's quality of life. The diseases also accelerate the aging process, especially the pathological changes of substantive organs, such as cardiac hypertrophy, severely shortened lifespan. So, lesions in organs are both a consequence and a cause of aging. However, the disease in a given organ is not in isolation but is a systemic problem. Our previous study found that thyrotoxicosis mice model has aging characteristics including immunosenescence, lipotoxicity, malnutrition. But all these characteristics will lead to organ senescence, therefore, this study continued to study the aging changes of important organs such as heart, liver, and kidney in thyrotoxicosis mice using tandem mass tags (TMT) proteomics method. The results showed that the excess thyroxine led to cardiac hypertrophy. In the liver, the ability to synthesize functional proteins, detoxify, and metabolism were declined. The effect on the kidney was the decreased ability of detoxify and metabolism. The main finding of the present study was that the acceleration of organ senescence by excess thyroxine was due to proteotoxicity. The shared cause of proteotoxicity in the three organs included the intensify of oxidative phosphorylation, the redundancy production of ribosomes, and the lack of splicing and ubiquitin proteasome system function. Totally, proteotoxicity was another parallel between thyrotoxicosis and aging in addition to lipotoxicity. Our research provided a convenient and appropriate animal model for exploring aging mechanism and antiaging drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Wenkai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Deshan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
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19
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Shi X, Hu Z, Gan B, He Y, Zhang L, Chen M, Wang Y, Li X. Multivariate Evaluation of DNA Quality Differences in Different Preanalytical Procedures in Mouse Livers. Biopreserv Biobank 2023; 21:378-387. [PMID: 36067273 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful histogenetic research relies on proper handling of tissue samples to maximize DNA quality. As the largest gland in the body, the liver is particularly sensitive to sample mishandling owing to its enzymatic and transcriptional activity. However, the impact of preanalytical procedures on the quality of extracted liver DNA remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the impact of extraction methods, duration of ex vivo liver ischemia, liver storage time, and temperature on extracted DNA quality. Comprehensive parameters such as DNA yields, purity, DNA integrity number, the percentage of double-stranded DNA (%dsDNA), and PCR amplification of the GAPDH gene fragment were assessed to identify the quality of extracted DNA. Our results revealed that these preanalytical processes had little effect on DIN values and PCR efficiency of GAPDH gene fragments for each sample, whereas the DNA yields, purity, and %dsDNAs varied widely across different processes. For liver DNA extraction, RNase is necessary to isolate "pure" DNA, and the presence of RNase could significantly increase the %dsDNA. In addition, significant increases in the yields, purity, and %dsDNA of extracted DNA were observed in the TissueLyser-processed livers compared with the mortar and pestle or shear cell disruption methods. Further investigation revealed that livers experiencing longer periods of ex vivo ischemia resulted in significantly compromised DNA yields, and to obtain sufficient DNA, the ex vivo liver ischemia should be limited to within 30 minutes. Moreover, compared with storage of livers at -80°C, storage of livers in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen yielded a higher quality of the extracted DNA. Our findings exhibited significant implications for liver-derived DNA quality assessment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Shi
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenyue Hu
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoyu Gan
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinlin He
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linpei Zhang
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Chen
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- BioBank, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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20
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Li P, Lv X, Wang J, Zhang C, Zhao J, Yang Y. Research on the anti-ageing mechanism of Prunella vulgaris L. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12398. [PMID: 37524842 PMCID: PMC10390563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris L. (P. vulgaris) has long been considered to have antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, lowering blood lipids and pressure. Many studies show that in addition to the traditional telomere attrition, DNA damage and epigenetic changes, immunosenescence is also a new possibility to explore the mechanism of ageing. Therefore, this herb may have potential anti-ageing effects. Typically, there are a series of markers that identify senescent cells, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD)2, an inhibitor of CDK4 (p16INK4A), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, immune cells number, proliferation, and nuclear abnormalities. These changes rarely present in young tissues, while greatly increasing in response to ageing. Firstly, the ageing model of the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mouse was established by D-galactose subcutaneous injection. Then, SOD2, p16INK4A and TNF-α were detected by quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR), Western Blot (WB) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Simultaneously, senescent cells in livers were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (HE). The viability of splenocytes was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8). The difference in specific immune cells (NK cells, B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes) was detected by flow cytometry. Both low (100 mg/kg) and high (300 mg/kg) concentrations of P. vulgaris treated ageing ICR mice show anti-ageing alterations, such as p16INK4A decreased approximately 1/2 and SOD2 tripled in livers, TNF-α decreased from 1 to 0.6 in plasma, and T cells increased from 0.09 to 0.19%. Compared with the ageing group, the spleen cells in the Prunella-treated group had stronger proliferation ability. Thus, P. vulgaris could have an anti-ageing effect. This is the first study to demonstrate the anti-ageing effect of P. vulgaris. It may also be capable of preventing a variety of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, China
| | - Junrong Wang
- Dian Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, China
| | - Jiahao Zhao
- The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Yadong Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, China.
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21
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Fujii T, Aoyama N, Kida S, Taniguchi K, Yata T, Minabe M, Komaki M. Associations between Periodontal Status and Liver Function in the Japanese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4759. [PMID: 37510874 PMCID: PMC10381182 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A relationship between periodontitis and liver function has been suggested. Indeed, patients with severe periodontal disease have been found to be more prone to liver dysfunction. The periodontal inflammatory surface area (PISA) has been shown to be a useful indicator of periodontal and systemic diseases. However, little information is available regarding whether the PISA is associated with liver function markers, such as gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). This study aimed to clarify relationship between liver function markers, AST, ALT, and GGT, and PISA level in a cross-sectional study. The subjects were recruited between 2018 and 2021 at the Medical and Dental Collaboration Center of Kanagawa Dental College Hospital. A periodontal clinical examination was performed, and the PISA was calculated. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and serum levels of liver function markers were measured. The levels of liver function markers were examined in different values of PISA. Participants with high PISA scores were more likely to have increased GGT levels while AST and ALT were not changed with PISA. Increased GGT was found in 10.8% and 29.4% (p = 0.0056), increased AST in 48.2% and 52.9% (p = 0.62), and increased ALT in 35.2% and 47.0% (p = 0.20) among <300 mm2 and ≧300 mm2 PISA groups, respectively. It was found that males with a PISA of 300 mm2 or higher had an elevated level of serum GGT. In conclusion, elevated GGT was found in the high PISA group, particularly in males, while AST and ALT did not differ by PISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Fujii
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norio Aoyama
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sayuri Kida
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Taniguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yata
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Minabe
- Bunkyou Dori Dental Clinic, 2-4-1 Anagawa, Chiba 263-0024, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiro Komaki
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan
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22
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Minhas M, Lunn SE. Naturalistic examination of the anxiolytic effects of medical cannabis and associated gender and age differences in a Canadian cohort. J Cannabis Res 2023; 5:20. [PMID: 37296470 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-023-00192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study was to examine patterns of medical cannabis use in those using it to treat anxiety and to investigate if the anxiolytic effects of cannabis were impacted by gender and/or age. METHODS Patient-reported data (n = 184 participants, 61% female, 34.7 ± 8.0 years) was collected through the Strainprint® app. Tracked sessions were included if the method of administration was inhalation, treatment was for anxiety and the product used was dried flower. The final analyzed dataset encompassed three of the most commonly utilized dried flower products in anxiety sessions. Independent sample t-tests were used. The core analysis examined within subject changes overtime (pre-medication to post-medication) and interactions between time with two candidate moderators [gender (male, female) and age (18-29, 30-39, and 40 + years old)] by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). For significant main effects of interactions, post hoc tests were conducted using a Bonferroni correction. A secondary analysis examined differences in proportion of emotives endorsed as a function of gender or age using chi-square test of independence. RESULTS Cannabis consumption resulted in a significant decrease in anxiety scores among both males and females (average efficacy of 50%) and efficacy was similar across the three cultivars. However, gender differences in efficacy were identified in two of the cultivars. All age groups experienced significant reductions in their anxiety post cannabis consumption; however, the 40 + year old group had significantly less efficacy than the other groups. The overall optimal dosing for the entire cohort was 9-11 inhalations for males and 5-7 inhalations for females, with some variation in dosing across the different cultivars, genders and age groups. CONCLUSIONS We found all three cultivars had significant anxiolytic effects and were well-tolerated. Some limitations of the study are the moderate sample size, self-reported diagnosis of anxiety, unknown comorbidities and experience with cannabis, whether other drugs or cannabis products were used, and restriction to solely inhaled administration. We suggest that the gender and age differences in optimal dosing could support both healthcare practitioners and patients initiate medical cannabis treatment for anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Minhas
- Aurora Cannabis Inc, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Aurora Cannabis Inc, 1590 Galbraith Rd, BC, V9M 4A1, Comox, Canada
| | - Stephanie E Lunn
- Aurora Cannabis Inc, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Aurora Cannabis Inc, 1590 Galbraith Rd, BC, V9M 4A1, Comox, Canada.
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23
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Xiong Y, Xia Z, Yang L, Huang J. A novel nomogram to predict 90-day mortality in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure: a single-center retrospective study. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:86. [PMID: 36964486 PMCID: PMC10039517 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02727-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a critical illness with high mortality. Herein, we developed and validated a new and simple prognostic nomogram to predict 90-day mortality in hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) patients. METHODS This single-center retrospective study collected data from 181 HBV-ACLF patients treated between June 2018 and March 2020. The correlation between clinical data and 90-day mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (p = 0.011), hepatic encephalopathy (p = 0.001), total bilirubin (p = 0.007), international normalized ratio (p = 0.006), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.011) were independent predictors of 90-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients. A nomogram was created to predict 90-day mortality using these risk factors. The C-index for the prognostic nomogram was calculated as 0.866, and confirmed to be 0.854 via bootstrapping verification. The area under the curve was 0.870 in the external validation cohort. The predictive value of the nomogram was similar to that of the Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B score, and exceeded the performance of other prognostic scores. CONCLUSION The prognostic nomogram constructed using the factors identified in multivariate regression analysis might serve as a beneficial tool to predict 90-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xiong
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zuoxun Xia
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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24
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Gan D, Zeng Y, Zhang K, He Y, Wan J, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhu L, Long T, Xie N, Zou B, Zhang X, Xiong Y, Feng G, Luo D, Xiong M. Development of a novel prognostic assessment model for hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure based on reexamination results. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33252. [PMID: 36930107 PMCID: PMC10019111 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a common clinical emergency and critical illness with rapid progression and poor prognosis. This study aims to establish a more efficient system for the prognostic assessment of hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF), which will provide a guiding scheme for subsequent treatment and improve the survival rate of patients. Data on 623 patients with HBV-ACLF were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the discriminative abilities of the novel prognostic assessment model in predicting 90-day mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of the models. Patients were divided into high- and low-scoring groups based on the best critical values, and survival rates were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and compared by applying log-rank tests. The area under the curve of the new scoring system established using the results of the first reexamination, the results of the first examination, the mean daily change in these results (MDCR) and the results of other first examinations were 0.911 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.889, 0.933), 0.893 (95% CI: 0.868, 0.917), and 0.895 (95% CI: 0.871, 0.919), respectively. The final prognostic scoring system established using the results of the first reexamination was chosen as a novel prognostic assessment model, and patients with lower scores (first reexamination results [FRER] score ≤ 3.65) had longer survival times (P < .001). The prognostic scoring system established using the FRER combined with other examination results can better assess the prognosis of HBV-ACLF at 90 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakai Gan
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Yuyu Zeng
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Third Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Kaige Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Third Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Yang He
- School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Jiao Wan
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
- Third Clinical Medical College Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Longchuan Zhu
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Tao Long
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Nengwen Xie
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Bo Zou
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhang
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Yunfeng Xiong
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Guoliang Feng
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Daya Luo
- School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
| | - Molong Xiong
- Infectious Diseases Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang City, China
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25
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Almutairi AO, El-Readi MZ, Althubiti M, Alhindi YZ, Ayoub N, Alzahrani AR, Al-Ghamdi SS, Eid SY. Liver Injury in Favipiravir-Treated COVID-19 Patients: Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8020129. [PMID: 36828545 PMCID: PMC9966436 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Favipiravir (FVP) is a new antiviral drug used to treat COVID-19. It has been authorized to be used in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the treatment of COVID-19. The mechanism of action of FVP is working as a specific inhibitor for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the RNA chain virus. FVP has the potential to be hepatotoxic because of the structure similarity with pyrazinamide. This retrospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of liver injury in FVP-treated COVID-19 patients in General East Jeddah Hospital, Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: A total of 6000 patients infected with COVID-19 and treated at the East Jeddah Hospital were included, with a sample size of 362 patients. The participants ranged from 18 to 70 years of age, both males and females, with normal hepatic and renal function and had a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. Patients who had gouty arthritis, hepatic and renal dysfunction, dead patients, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers were all excluded from this study. A retrospective cohort study compared two groups of patients treated with and without FVP and who followed the Saudi Ministry of Health protocol to manage COVID-19 infection. (3) Results: An adverse effect of FVP on the liver was found that ranged from mild to severe. Stopping treatment with FVP was associated with an observed important increase in the levels of liver enzymes AST (p < 0.001), ALT (p < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.03), total bilirubin (p < 0.001), and direct bilirubin (p < 0.001) in the treated compared with the untreated group. (4) Conclusion: This study showed a significant difference between the treated and the untreated groups with FVP in liver injury. FVP influences the liver, increasing the blood levels of the liver function parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Oweid Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Clinical Pharmacy, General East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah 22253, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.Z.E.-R.); (S.Y.E.)
| | - Mohammad Althubiti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosra Zakariyya Alhindi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R. Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed S. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Toxicology Society, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa Yehia Eid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.Z.E.-R.); (S.Y.E.)
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26
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He Y, Su Y, Duan C, Wang S, He W, Zhang Y, An X, He M. Emerging role of aging in the progression of NAFLD to HCC. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 84:101833. [PMID: 36565959 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the aging of global population, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has surged in recent decades. NAFLD is a multifactorial disease that follows a progressive course, ranging from simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is well established that aging induces pathological changes in liver and potentiates the occurrence and progression of NAFLD, HCC and other age-related liver diseases. Studies of senescent cells also indicate a pivotal engagement in the development of NAFLD via diverse mechanisms. Moreover, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), silence information regulator protein family (sirtuins), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) are three vital and broadly studied targets involved in aging process and NAFLD. Nevertheless, the crucial role of these aging-associated factors in aging-related NAFLD remains underestimated. Here, we reviewed the current research on the roles of aging, cellular senescence and three aging-related factors in the evolution of NAFLD to HCC, aiming at inspiring promising therapeutic targets for aging-related NAFLD and its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyuan He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghong Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengcheng Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, China
| | - Yingting Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei An
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
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Tan CT, Soh NJH, Chang HC, Yu VC. p62/SQSTM1 in liver diseases: the usual suspect with multifarious identities. FEBS J 2023; 290:892-912. [PMID: 34882306 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
p62/Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) is a selective autophagy receptor that recruits and delivers intracellular substrates for bulk clearance through the autophagy lysosomal pathway. Interestingly, p62 also serves as a signaling scaffold to participate in the regulation of multiple physiological processes, including oxidative stress response, metabolism, inflammation, and programmed cell death. Perturbation of p62 activity has been frequently found to be associated with the pathogenesis of many liver diseases. p62 has been identified as a critical component of protein aggregates in the forms of Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) or intracellular hyaline bodies (IHBs), which are known to be frequently detected in biopsy samples from alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Importantly, abundance of these p62 inclusion bodies is increasingly recognized as a biomarker for NASH and HCC. Although the level of p62 bodies seems to predict the progression and prognosis of these liver diseases, understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which p62 regulates and contributes to the development and progression of these diseases remains incomplete. In this review, we will focus on the function and regulation of p62, and its pathophysiological roles in the liver, by critically reviewing the findings from preclinical models that recapitulate the pathogenesis and manifestation of these liver diseases in humans. In addition, we will also explore the suitability of p62 as a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver diseases, including NASH and HCC, as well as recent development of small-molecule compounds for targeting the p62 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Teik Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Hao-Chun Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor C Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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28
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Zhang H, Xu M, Shao J, Kong H, Gao X, Zhang W, Chang X, Yang B, Chen Y, Dong Z, Huang J, Zeng Z, Yang Y. Age independent survival benefit for patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing percutaneous cryoablation: A propensity scores matching study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1072054. [PMID: 36741016 PMCID: PMC9895933 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1072054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major cause of malignancy-related deaths worldwide, and its incidence is likely to increase in the future as life expectancy increases. Therefore, the management of elderly patients with HCC has become a global issue. Aim of this study was to assess whether elderly patients with small HCC could obtain survival benefit from cryoablation (CRYO) in a real-world. Materials and methods From July 2007 to June 2013, 185 patients with small HCC who underwent curative-intent percutaneous CRYO. All patients were divided into three groups according to age distribution. Overall survival (OS) and tumor-free survival (TFS) were compared between among of groups before and after the 1:1 propensity score matching, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to determine the potential relationships between variables and prognostic outcomes. Results One hundred and eighty-five patients (144 men, 41 women) received CRYO for small HCC, including 59 patients with age <50 years, 105 patients with age between 50 and 65 years, and 21 patients with age >65 years. The three age groups showed significant differences in the terms of underlying chronic liver disease and the number of patients with minor postoperative complications. After propensity score matching, the younger and elderly groups showed significant differences in mean OS (P=0.008) and tumor progression (P=0.050). However, no significant differences were shown in mean progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.303). The Cox multivariate analysis showed that the Child-Pugh grade (HR=3.1, P<0.001), albumin (HR=0.85, P=0.004) and total of bilirubin (HR=1, P=0.024) were the independent prognostic factor for mean OS. Conclusion Our propensity-score-matched study suggested that elderly patients with small HCC can achieve acceptable prognostic outcomes with PFS similar to those of younger patients with small HCC after treatment with CRYO, while Child-Pugh grade, bilirubin and serum albumin levels were associated with the prognosis of small HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Zhang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muoyan Xu
- Healthcare Office of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiashen Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Kong
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Gao
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujuan Chang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiagan Huang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongping Yang, ; Zhen Zeng,
| | - Yongping Yang
- Department of Liver Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yongping Yang, ; Zhen Zeng,
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Xiong YT, Wang JF, Niu XX, Fu YM, Wang KX, Wang CY, Li QQ, Wang JJ, Zhao J, Ji D. Autoimmunity associates with severity of illness in elderly patients with drug-induced liver injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1071709. [PMID: 36874016 PMCID: PMC9978525 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1071709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a potentially serious adverse drug reaction. Due to the lack of definite etiology, specific clinical manifestations, and diagnostic methods, its prediction and diagnosis are challenging. Elderly individuals are deemed to be at high risk for DILI due to abnormal pharmacokinetics, aging tissue repair function, comorbidities, and taking multiple drugs. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and explore the risk factors associated with the severity of illness in elderly patients with DILI. Methods: In the present study, the clinical characteristics at the time of liver biopsy of consecutive patients with biopsy-proven DILI who presented at our hospital from June 2005 to September 2022 were evaluated. Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were assessed according to the Scheuer scoring system. The presence of autoimmunity was considered if IgG level >1.1 × ULN (1826 mg/dL), or high titer (>1:80) of ANA, or SMA. Results: In total, 441 patients were enrolled, and the median age was 63.3 years (IQR, 61.0-66.0); 122 (27.7%), 195 (44.2%), or 124 (28.1%) were classified as having minor, moderate, or severe hepatic inflammation, respectively; and 188 (42.6%), 210 (47.6%) or 43 (9.8%) patients presented minor, significant fibrosis or cirrhosis, respectively. Female sex (73.5%) and the cholestatic pattern (47.6%) were dominant in elderly DILI patients. Autoimmunity existed in 201 patients (45.6%). Comorbidities were not directly associated with the severity of DILI. PLT (OR: 0.994, 95% CI: 0.991-0.997; p < 0.001), AST (OR: 1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.003, p = 0.012), TBIL (OR: 1.006, 95% CI: 1.003-1.010, p < 0.001), and autoimmunity (OR: 1.831, 95% CI: 1.258-2.672, p = 0.002) were associated with the degree of hepatic inflammation. Meanwhile, PLT (OR: 0.990, 95% CI: 0.986-0.993, p < 0.001), TBIL (OR: 1.004, 95% CI: 1.000-1.007, p = 0.028), age (OR: 1.123, 95% CI: 1.067-1.183, p < 0.001), and autoimmunity (OR: 1.760, 95% CI: 1.191-2.608, p = 0.005) were associated with the stage of hepatic fibrosis. Conclusion: This study revealed that the presence of autoimmunity represents a more serious illness state of DILI, deserving more intensive monitoring and progressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Xiong
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,307 Clinical Medical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Fei Wang
- Emergency Department, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Niu
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Ming Fu
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Xin Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,307 Clinical Medical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Li
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Ji
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,307 Clinical Medical College of PLA, Anhui Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
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Sannappa Gowda NG, Shiragannavar VD, Puttahanumantharayappa LD, Shivakumar AT, Dallavalasa S, Basavaraju CG, Bhat SS, Prasad SK, Vamadevaiah RM, Madhunapantula SV, Santhekadur PK. Quercetin activates vitamin D receptor and ameliorates breast cancer induced hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1158633. [PMID: 37153919 PMCID: PMC10157213 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1158633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To explore the hepatoprotective role of quercetin and its novel molecular mechanism of action on breast cancer associated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis via Vitamin D receptor (VDR). Main methods We used Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (mouse mammary carcinoma) model for our in-vivo experiments and human breast cancer cell lines for in-vitro assays. We inoculated 1.5 × 106 Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells into female Swiss albino mice. Quercetin (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 15 days. Liver enzymes activity was determined using a spectrophotometric assay. The hallmarks of inflammation and fibrosis were determined using Immunohistochemistry. The effect of quercetin on tumor formation was elucidated using human breast cancer cell lines and chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Docking study was performed to explore the binding mode of quercetin with VDR. Key findings In EAC tumor-bearing mice, cell numbers, tumor volume, body weight and liver weight were dramatically increased, while they significantly decreased in mice treated with quercetin. Additionally, the peritoneal neo-angiogenesis was also significantly suppressed in the quercetin-treated mice, compared to the control. In addition, quercetin treated EAC tumor bearing mice had lower levels of liver enzymes, decreased hepatic inflammation and fibrosis compared with EAC tumor bearing mice. Docking study confirmed VDR-quercetin interaction. Furthermore, in-vitro assays and chick chorioallantoic membrane assay revealed the Vitamin D mimicking effect of quercetin. Significance Dietary flavonoid, quercetin could act as a promising therapeutic drug to suppress the breast cancer induced tumor angiogenesis, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis possibly via activation of VDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala G. Sannappa Gowda
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Varsha D. Shiragannavar
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Lakshana D. Puttahanumantharayappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Ashwini Tumkur Shivakumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Siva Dallavalasa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Chaithanya G. Basavaraju
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Smitha S. Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashanka K. Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Prasanna K. Santhekadur
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
- *Correspondence: Prasanna K. Santhekadur,
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Gieseler RK, Schreiter T, Canbay A. The Aging Human Liver: The Weal and Woe of Evolutionary Legacy. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2023; 61:83-94. [PMID: 36623546 DOI: 10.1055/a-1955-5297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the progressive decline of biological integrity and its compensatory mechanisms as well as immunological dysregulation. This goes along with an increasing risk of frailty and disease. Against this background, we here specifically focus on the aging of the human liver. For the first time, we shed light on the intertwining evolutionary underpinnings of the liver's declining regenerative capacity, the phenomenon of inflammaging, and the biotransformation capacity in the process of aging. In addition, we discuss how aging influences the risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, and/or autoimmune hepatitis, and we describe chronic diseases as accelerators of biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Gieseler
- Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Schreiter
- Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Bochum, Germany
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32
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TRPC6-protein expression in the elderly and in liver disease. Ann Anat 2023; 245:152016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Combined physical exercise reverses the reduced expression of Bmal1 in the liver of aged mice. Life Sci 2022; 312:121175. [PMID: 36414092 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging can modify the morphology and function of the liver, such as generating a decrease in the mitochondria content, autophagy, and cell senescence. Although exercise training has several beneficial effects on hepatic metabolism, its actions on autophagy processes, mitochondrial function, and cellular senescence need to be more widely explored. The present study verified the effects of aging and exercise on hepatic circadian markers, autophagy, and mitochondria activity in 24-month-old mice with a combined exercise training protocol. In addition, we used public datasets from human livers in several conditions and BMAL1 knockout mice. C57BL/6 mice were distributed into Control (CT, young, 6-month-old mice), sedentary old (Old Sed, sedentary, 24-month-old mice), and exercised old (Old Ex, 24-month-old mice submitted to a combined exercise training protocol). The exercise training protocol consisted of three days of endurance exercise - treadmill running, and two days of resistance exercise - climbing a ladder, for three weeks. At the end of the protocol, the liver was removed and prepared for histological analysis, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunoblotting technique, and oxygen consumption. Heatmaps were built using a human dataset and Bmal1 knockout samples. In summary, the Old Sed had reduced strength, coordination, and balance, as well as a decrease in Bmal1 expression and the presence of degenerated liver cells. Still, this group upregulated the transcription factors related to mitochondrial biogenesis. The Old Ex group had increased strength, coordination, and balance, improved glucose sensitivity, as well as restored Bmal1 expression and the mitochondrial transcription factors. The human datasets indicated that mitochondrial markers and autophagy strongly correlate with specific liver diseases but not aging. We can speculate that mitochondrial and autophagy molecular markers alterations may depend on long-term training.
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Ni L, Chen F, Ran R, Li X, Jin N, Zhang H, Peng B. A Deep Learning-Based Model for Predicting Abnormal Liver Function in Workers in the Automotive Manufacturing Industry: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Chongqing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14300. [PMID: 36361178 PMCID: PMC9655771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To identify the influencing factors and develop a predictive model for the risk of abnormal liver function in the automotive manufacturing industry works in Chongqing. Automotive manufacturing workers in Chongqing city surveyed during 2019-2021 were used as the study subjects. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of abnormal liver function. A restricted cubic spline model was used to further explore the influence of the length of service. Finally, a deep neural network-based model for predicting the risk of abnormal liver function among workers was developed. Of all 6087 study subjects, a total of 1018 (16.7%) cases were detected with abnormal liver function. Increased BMI, length of service, DBP, SBP, and being male were independent risk factors for abnormal liver function. The risk of abnormal liver function rises sharply with increasing length of service below 10 years. AUC values of the model were 0.764 (95% CI: 0.746-0.783) and 0.756 (95% CI: 0.727-0.786) in the training and test sets, respectively. The other four evaluation indices of the DNN model also achieved good values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Ni
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ruihong Ran
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Nan Jin
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Zajkowska M, Mroczko B. Chemokines in Primary Liver Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168846. [PMID: 36012108 PMCID: PMC9408270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is responsible for extremely important functions in the human body. In the liver’s structure, we distinguish between connective tissue (stroma) and parenchyma, the latter of which is formed from the basic structural and functional units of the liver—hepatocytes. There are many factors, that negatively affect the liver cells, contributing to their damage. This may lead to fibrosis, liver failure and, in consequence, primary liver cancer, which is the sixth most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Chemokines are a large family of secreted proteins. Their main role is to direct the recruitment and migration of cells to sites of inflammation or injury. Some authors suggest that these proteins might play a potential role in the development of many malignancies, including primary liver cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate and summarize the knowledge regarding liver diseases, especially primary liver cancer (HCC) and the participation of chemokines in the development of this malignancy. Chemokines involved in the initiation of this type of tumor belong mainly to the CC and CXC chemokines. Their significant role in the course of hepatocellular carcinoma proves their usefulness in detecting and monitoring the course and treatment in patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Zajkowska
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-686-5168; Fax: +48-686-5169
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Hakimizadeh E, Zamanian MY, Damankhorshid M, Giménez‐Llort L, Sciorati C, Nikbakhtzadeh M, Moradbeygi K, Kujawska M, Kaeidi A, Taghipour Z, Fatemi I. Calcium dobesilate protects against
d
‐galactose‐induced hepatic and renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, and pathological damage. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:721-730. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hakimizadeh
- Physiology‐Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Mohammad Yassin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Morteza Damankhorshid
- Physiology‐Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Lydia Giménez‐Llort
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Clara Sciorati
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy
| | - Marjan Nikbakhtzadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Khadijeh Moradbeygi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Nursing Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences Abadan Iran
| | - Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology‐Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Zahra Taghipour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
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37
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Maeda Y, Tanaka R, Tatsuta R, Takano K, Hashimoto T, Ogata M, Hiramatsu K, Itoh H. Impact of Inflammation on Intra-individual Variation in Trough Voriconazole Concentration in Patients with Hematological Malignancies. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1084-1090. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Maeda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital
| | | | | | - Takehiro Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Masao Ogata
- Department of Hematology, Oita University Hospital
| | - Kazufumi Hiramatsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hiroki Itoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital
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38
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Inflammatory Indexes as Prognostic Factors of Survival in Geriatric Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Control Study of Eight Slovak Centers. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144183. [PMID: 35887947 PMCID: PMC9318669 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) often occurs in geriatric patients. The aim of our study was to compare overall survival and progression-free survival between geriatric patients (>75 years) and patients younger than 75 years and to identify predictive factors of survival in geriatric patients with HCC. Material and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with HCC diagnosed in Slovakia between 2010−2016. Cases (HCC patients ≥75 years) were matched to controls (HCC patients <74 years) based on the propensity score (gender, BCLC stage and the first-line treatment). Results: We included 148 patients (84 men, 57%) with HCC. There were no differences between cases and controls in the baseline characteristics. The overall survival in geriatric patients with HCC was comparable to younger controls (p = 0.42). The one-, two-, and three-year overall survival was 42% and 31%, 19% and 12%, and 12% and 9% in geriatric patients and controls, respectively (p = 0.2, 0.4, 0.8). Similarly, there was no difference in the one- and two-year progression-free survival: 28% and 18% vs. 10% and 7% in geriatric HCC patients and controls, respectively (p = 0.2, 1, -). There was no case−control difference between geriatric HCC patients and younger HCC controls in the overall survival in the subpopulation of patients with no known comorbidities (p = 0.5), one and two comorbidities (p = 0.49), and three or more comorbidities (p = 0.39). Log (CRP), log (NLR), log (PLR), and log (SII) were all associated with the three-year survival in geriatric HCC patients in simple logistic regression analyses. However, this time, only log (NLR) remained associated even after controlling for the age and BCLC confounding (OR 5.32, 95% CI 1.43−28.85). Conclusions. We found no differences in overall survival and progression-free survival between older and younger HCC patients. Parameters of subclinical inflammation predict prognosis in geriatric patients with HCC. A limitation of the study is small number of the treated patients; therefore, further investigation is warranted.
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Xiong Y, Xia Z, Yang L, Huang J. Low T3 syndrome is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 16:681-687. [PMID: 35723536 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2022.2090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a critical disease with high mortality risk. Low triiodothyronine syndrome (LT3S) is associated with various severe acute and chronic diseases. We investigated the relationship between LT3S and poor prognosis in patients with HBV-ACLF. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 198 patients with HBV-ACLF were enrolled between January 2018 and March 2019. We screened for independent risk factors for 28-day mortality using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between LT3S and the poor prognostic parameters of HBV-ACLF. RESULTS LT3S was an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in HBV-ACLF patients (odds ratio: 4.035, 95% confidence interval 1.117-14.579; p = 0.033). The death group had a lower serum FT3 level (Z-value = 2639.000, p < 0.001). Serum FT3 levels were negatively correlated with age, C-reactive protein, international normalized ratio, and neutrophil count but positively correlated with lymphocyte count. A negative correlation between FT3 and various prognostic scores was observed, indicating that a low FT3 level was closely related to a poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS LT3S was an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality and was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with HBV-ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xiong
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zuoxun Xia
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Abu-Freha N, Estis-Deaton A, Aasla M, Etzion O, Philip A, Yardeni D, Abo Abed M, Abu Tailakh M. Liver cirrhosis in elderly patients: clinical characteristics, complications, and survival-analyses from a large retrospective study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:2217-2223. [PMID: 35670959 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a common disease diagnosed in all ages. With the increasing population age, LC is noticeable more in the clinics. AIM To distinguish the clinical characteristics, complications, and survival of patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODS A retrospective study enrolled patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis at Soroka University Medical Center. Patients with cirrhosis diagnosed at an age older than 65 years (group 1) were compared with patients diagnosed at an age younger than 65 years (group 2). RESULTS We included 1046 patients; 411 (39.3%) in group 1 and 635 (60.7%) in group 2. Fatty liver and cryptogenic liver disease were found to cause cirrhosis at a significantly higher rate in the elderly (23.4% vs. 13.9%, p < 0.001, 15.3% vs. 6.3%, p < 0.001, respectively). A higher rate of non-hepatocellular carcinoma cancers and mortality (17.5% vs. 9.1%, p < 0.001, 76.6% vs. 57%, respectively) was found among cirrhotic elderly patients, but a lower rate of oesophageal varices (47.7% vs. 60.1%, p = 0.002). Twenty-year follow-up Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for mortality estimated poor survival in the elderly (log-rank p < 0.001). The adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression model showed an association of age > 65 with an all-cause mortality hazard ratio of 2.26 (95% CI 1.89-2.69). CONCLUSION Higher rates of fatty liver, cryptogenic cirrhosis, non-HCC cancers, and mortality were found among patients diagnosed with cirrhosis in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naim Abu-Freha
- The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Asia Estis-Deaton
- Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Muhammad Aasla
- Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ohad Etzion
- The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Aerin Philip
- Medical School for International Health, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - David Yardeni
- The Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Muhammad Abo Abed
- Division of Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Muhammad Abu Tailakh
- Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel and Soroka University Medical Center, P.O.Box 653, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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41
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Comparison of outcomes of recipient in Living Donor Liver Transplantation with donor age less than 55 years and more than 55 years: A propensity score matched study. JOURNAL OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.liver.2022.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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42
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Wang D, Wang T, Li Z, Guo Y, Granato D. Green Tea Polyphenols Upregulate the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Suppress Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Markers in D-Galactose-Induced Liver Aging in Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:836112. [PMID: 35284456 PMCID: PMC8904921 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.836112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) on D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced liver aging in male Kunming mice were investigated. For this purpose, 40 adult male Kunming mice were divided into four groups. All animals, except for the normal control and GTPs control, were intraperitoneally injected with D-galactose (D-Gal; 300 mg/kg/day for 5 days a week) for 12 consecutive weeks, and the D-Gal-treated mice were allowed free access to 0.05% GTPs (w/w) diet or normal diet for 12 consecutive weeks. Results showed that GTP administration improved the liver index and decreased transaminases and total bilirubin levels. Furthermore, GTPs significantly increased hepatic glutathione and total antioxidant levels, and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Furthermore, GTPs downregulated 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, advanced glycation end products, and hepatic oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde and nitric oxide. Additionally, GTPs abrogated dysregulation in hepatic Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target gene expression [heme oxygenase 1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, and GST] and inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the liver of treated mice. Finally, GTPs effectively attenuated D-Gal-induced edema, vacuole formation, and inflammatory cell infiltration. In conclusion, GTPs showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in D-Gal-induced aging mice, and may be considered a natural alternative to the effects of hepatic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Dongxu Wang
| | - Taotao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhanming Li
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanxin Guo
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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The Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction as Driving Factor of Inflammaging. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050949. [PMID: 35267924 PMCID: PMC8912763 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier, composed of the luminal microbiota, the mucus layer, and the physical barrier consisting of epithelial cells and immune cells, the latter residing underneath and within the epithelial cells, plays a special role in health and disease. While there is growing knowledge on the changes to the different layers associated with disease development, the barrier function also plays an important role during aging. Besides changes in the composition and function of cellular junctions, the entire gastrointestinal physiology contributes to essential age-related changes. This is also reflected by substantial differences in the microbial composition throughout the life span. Even though it remains difficult to define physiological age-related changes and to distinguish them from early signs of pathologies, studies in centenarians provide insights into the intestinal barrier features associated with longevity. The knowledge reviewed in this narrative review article might contribute to the definition of strategies to prevent the development of diseases in the elderly. Thus, targeted interventions to improve overall barrier function will be important disease prevention strategies for healthy aging in the future.
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Di Mizio G, Marcianò G, Palleria C, Muraca L, Rania V, Roberti R, Spaziano G, Piscopo A, Ciconte V, Di Nunno N, Esposito M, Viola P, Pisani D, De Sarro G, Raffi M, Piras A, Chiarella G, Gallelli L. Drug-Drug Interactions in Vestibular Diseases, Clinical Problems, and Medico-Legal Implications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412936. [PMID: 34948545 PMCID: PMC8701970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral vestibular disease can be treated with several approaches (e.g., maneuvers, surgery, or medical approach). Comorbidity is common in elderly patients, so polytherapy is used, but it can generate the development of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) that play a role in both adverse drug reactions and reduced adherence. For this reason, they need a complex kind of approach, considering all their individual characteristics. Physicians must be able to prescribe and deprescribe drugs based on a solid knowledge of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical indications. Moreover, full information is required to reach a real therapeutic alliance, to improve the safety of care and reduce possible malpractice claims related to drug-drug interactions. In this review, using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library, we searched articles published until 30 August 2021, and described both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic DDIs in patients with vestibular disorders, focusing the interest on their clinical implications and on risk management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Di Mizio
- Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Gianmarco Marcianò
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Caterina Palleria
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucia Muraca
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
- Department of Primary Care, ASP 7, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rania
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Roberta Roberti
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Spaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine L. Donatelli, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80123 Naples, Italy;
| | - Amalia Piscopo
- Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Valeria Ciconte
- Department of Law, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.); (V.C.)
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Nunzio Di Nunno
- Department of History, Society and Studies on Humanity, University of Salento, 83100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Esposito
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Viola
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.V.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Davide Pisani
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.V.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Milena Raffi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Piras
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Chiarella
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Regional Centre of Cochlear Implants and ENT Diseases, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (P.V.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.); (L.M.); (V.R.); (R.R.); (G.D.S.); (L.G.)
- Research Center FAS@UMG, Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Medifarmagen SRL, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Mostafa RE, Shaffie NM, Allam RM. Panax Ginseng alleviates thioacetamide-induced liver injury in ovariectomized rats: Crosstalk between inflammation and oxidative stress. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260507. [PMID: 34843587 PMCID: PMC8629276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases impose a substantial health problem. Female hormones play a crucial role in the protection against chronic inflammatory diseases. Fifty female rats were allocated into five groups (n = 10). Group I comprised sham-operated rats. The remaining groups underwent ovariectomy at the beginning of the experiment. Group II served as the ovariectomy-control group. Groups III, IV & V received thioacetamide (TAA; 300 mg/kg; i.p.) to induce liver injury 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Group III served as the TAA-control group. Groups IV & V received panax ginseng (100 and 300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 6 weeks post TAA administration. All groups were investigated for liver function tests along with total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Histopathological examination of liver tissues was performed followed by immunohistochemical staining for nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kβ p65) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Ovariectomized-rats showed a non-significant change in the measured parameters while TAA administration resulted in significant liver damage. Panax ginseng at both dose levels significantly improved the serum liver function tests and TAC along with decreasing the AGEs and TNF-α. It also restored the histopathological picture of liver tissue and decreased hepatic tissue inflammation via reduction of MPO and NF-kβ p65 immunoreactivity. The current study is the first to elucidate the effect of panax ginseng against TAA-induced liver injury in ovariectomized rats which mimic aged post-menopausal estrogen-deficient females. The study demonstrates the crosstalk between AGEs, NF-kβ and MPO in the modulation of inflammation. Panax ginseng possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha E. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen M. Shaffie
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. Allam
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Xiao X, Hu Q, Deng X, Shi K, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Ma X, Zeng J, Wang X. Old wine in new bottles: Kaempferol is a promising agent for treating the trilogy of liver diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106005. [PMID: 34843960 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a source of various compounds, natural products have long been important and valuable for drug development. Kaempferol (KP) is the most common flavonol with bioactive activity and has been extracted from many edible plants and traditional Chinese medicines. It has a wide range of pharmacological effects on inflammation, oxidation, and tumour and virus regulation. The liver is an important organ and is involved in metabolism and activity. Because the pathological process of liver diseases is extremely complicated, liver diseases involving ALD, NASH, liver fibrosis, and HCC are often complicated and difficult to treat. Fortunately, there have been many reports that KP has a good pharmacological effect on a series of complex liver diseases. To fully understand the mechanism of KP and provide new ideas for its clinical application in the treatment of liver diseases, this article reviews the pharmacological mechanism and potential value of KP in different studies involving various liver diseases. In the trilogy of liver disease, high concentrations of ROS stimulate peroxidation and activate the inflammatory signal cascade, which involves signalling pathways such as MAPK/JAK-STAT/PERK/Wnt/Hipp, leading to varying degrees of cell degradation and liver damage. The development of liver disease is promoted in an inflammatory environment, which is conducive to the activation of TGF-β1, leading to increased expression of pro-fibrosis and pro-inflammatory genes. Inflammation and oxidative stress promote the formation of tumour microenvironments, and uncontrolled autophagy of cancer cells further leads to the development of liver cancer. The main pathway in this process is AMPK/PTEN/PI3K-Akt/TOR. KP can not only protect liver parenchymal cells through a variety of antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms but also reduces the immune inflammatory response in the liver microenvironment, thereby preventing cell apoptosis; it can also inhibit the ER stress response, prevent inflammation and inhibit tumour growth. KP exerts multiple therapeutic effects on liver disease by regulating precise signalling targets and is expected to become an emerging therapeutic opportunity to treat liver disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Kaiyun Shi
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiaoyin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Hakeem AR, Fathima R, Padmanaban H, Haribabu K, Rajalingam R, Palaniappan K, Jothimani D, Kanagavelu R, Rajakumar A, Kaliamoorthy I, Reddy MS, Rela M. Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Posttransplant Outcomes in Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Older Adult Recipients. Liver Transpl 2021; 27:1273-1282. [PMID: 33787013 DOI: 10.1002/lt.26061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The impact of increasing recipient age on morbidity and mortality following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) remains controversial. The study aims to analyze the impact of recipient age on outcomes following LDLT. Data on adult LDLTs performed between November 2009 and February 2020 were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database. Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on recipient age: 18 to 65 years (younger adults) and >65 years (older adults). Propensity score matching (PSM) using nearest-neighbor matching was used to match each older recipient with up to 2 younger adult recipients using multiple preoperative parameters. Outcomes evaluated were duration of ventilation, need for reintubation, tracheostomy, intensive care unit (ICU) readmission, length of ICU and hospital stays, postoperative complications, reoperation within 90 days, and patient survival. A total of 801 adult LDLT recipients were included in the study; 751 (93.7%) were younger adults, and 50 (6.3%) were older adults. Older recipients were more likely to be diabetic (60.0% versus 39.7%) and hypertensive (44.0% versus 20.4%) with preexisting cardiac disease (28.0% versus 11.2%). However, their pretransplant Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score was significantly lower (14.5 versus 17.7), and they were more likely to receive a transplant because of hepatocellular carcinoma (38.0% versus 17.7%). Older recipients had longer durations of ventilation after LT both before (3.7 versus 1.9 days) and after PSM (4.0 versus 1.5 days). After PSM, the 30-day (13.0% versus 2.4%), 90-day (15.2% and 2.4%), and overall mortality rates (21.7% versus 7.1%) were significantly higher for older recipients when compared with younger recipients. There was no difference between the younger and older recipients with respect to other postoperative outcomes. This propensity score-matched study shows that the older LDLT recipients have higher 30-day, 90-day, 1-year, and 5-year mortality rates when compared with matched younger counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahman Hakeem
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Rukhaiya Fathima
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Hrishikesh Padmanaban
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Kulaseharan Haribabu
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Rajesh Rajalingam
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Kumar Palaniappan
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Dinesh Jothimani
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Rathan Kanagavelu
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Akila Rajakumar
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ilankumaran Kaliamoorthy
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Mettu Srinivas Reddy
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Subhani M, Sheth A, Ahmad B, Ryder S. How to interpret and manage abnormal liver blood test results in older people. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2021; 82:1-8. [PMID: 34431345 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2021.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ageing impairs liver function and reduces the liver's regenerative capacity. With the predicted increase in the older population, the burden of liver disease will proportionally rise in this age group. Elevated levels of liver enzymes in an otherwise asymptomatic older individual (≥65 years) are a common observation and positively associated with the metabolic syndrome, whereas a decline in albumin levels is linked with a rise in all-cause and liver-specific mortality. Deranged liver function tests do not always indicate liver disease, nor do normal liver function tests exclude liver disease. Therefore, clinicians need to consider individual patient risk factors during the assessment of abnormal liver function tests. This article discusses various liver function tests, their pathophysiology, and the approach to interpret and manage common abnormalities in liver function test results and liver disease in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsan Subhani
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abhishek Sheth
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, UK
| | - Stephen Ryder
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Zhang S, Duan J, Du Y, Xie J, Zhang H, Li C, Zhang W. Long Non-coding RNA Signatures Associated With Liver Aging in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:698442. [PMID: 34368149 PMCID: PMC8339557 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.698442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is sensitive to aging because the risk of hepatopathy, including fatty liver, hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, increases dramatically with age. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are >200 nucleotides long and affect many pathological and physiological processes. A potential link was recently discovered between lncRNAs and liver aging; however, comprehensive and systematic research on this topic is still limited. In this study, the mouse liver genome-wide lncRNA profiles of 8-month-old SAMP8 and SAMR1 models were explored through deep RNA sequencing. A total of 605,801,688 clean reads were generated. Among the 2,182 identified lncRNAs, 28 were differentially expressed between SAMP8 and SAMR1 mice. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) surveys showed that these substantially dysregulated lncRNAs participated in liver aging from different aspects, such as lipid catabolic (GO: 0016042) and metabolic pathways. Further assessment was conducted on lncRNAs that are most likely to be involved in liver aging and related diseases, such as LNC_000027, LNC_000204E, NSMUST00000144661.1, and ENSMUST00000181906.1 acted on Ces1g. This study provided the first comprehensive dissection of lncRNA landscape in SAMP8 mouse liver. These lncRNAs could be exploited as potential targets for the molecular-based diagnosis and therapy of age-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Duan
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Du
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Haijing Zhang
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Changyu Li
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Natural Medicine, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,National and Local United Engineering Research Center for Panax Notoginseng Resources Protection and Utilization Technology, Kunming, China
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50
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Kurhaluk N, Tkachenko H, Lukash O. Photoperiod-induced alterations in biomarkers of oxidative stress and biochemical pathways in rats of different ages: Focus on individual physiological reactivity. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1673-1691. [PMID: 34121553 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1939364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Effects of photoperiodicity caused by both the age and individual physiological reactivity estimated by resistance to hypobaric hypoxia on the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation (aldehydic and ketonic derivatives), total antioxidant capacity, activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), and biochemical parameters of aerobic and anaerobic pathways in hepatic tissue depending on the blood melatonin level were studied. The study was carried out on 96 6- and 21-month-old male rats divided into hypoxia resistance groups (LR, low resistance, HR, high resistance). The analyses were conducted at four photoperiods: winter (January), spring (March), summer (July), and autumn (October). Our results indicate a significant effect of melatonin, i.e. over 80%, revealed by the complete statistical model of the studied biomarkers of oxidative stress and oxygen-dependent parameters of metabolism. The effects of melatonin vary with age and between photoperiods, which in turn was determined by individual physiological reactivity. In terms of the photoperiods, the melatonin content in the group of the adult animals with low resistance to hypoxia decreased from winter to summer. In a group of old animals in comparison with adults, the melatonin content in all the studied photoperiods was much lower as well, regardless of their hypoxia resistance. In the group of old animals with low resistance to hypoxia, the melatonin content decreased throughout the photoperiods as follows: winter, autumn, summer, and spring. As can be concluded, spring is a critical period for old animals, particularly those with low hypoxia resistance. The important role of melatonin in these processes was also confirmed by our correlation analysis between oxidative stress biomarkers, energy-related metabolites, and antioxidant enzymes in the hepatic tissue of rats of different ages, with different resistance to hypoxia, and in different photoperiods. The melatonin concentration in the blood of highly resistant rats was higher than in those with low resistance to hypoxia. Melatonin determines the individual constitutional level of resistance to hypoxia and is responsible for individual enzymatic antioxidative responses, depending on the four photoperiods. Our studies have shown that melatonin levels are related to the redox characteristics of antioxidant defenses against lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in old rats with low resistance to hypoxia, compared to a group of highly resistant adults. Finally, the melatonin-related mechanisms of antioxidative protection depend on metabolic processes in hepatic tissue and exhibit photoperiodical variability in adult and old rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Oleksandr Lukash
- Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, T.G. Shevchenko National University "Chernihiv Collegium", Chernihiv, Ukraine
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